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æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ÝóÞöäóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÑö} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 191] Ãóíú ÊóäúÒöíåðÇ áóßó Úóãøóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ ÓöæóÇßó¡ ÝóÞöäóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÅöíãóÇäðÇ ÈöÐóáößó æóÊóÕúÏöíÞðÇ¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ãóäú áóãú íõÕóÏøöÞú æóíõÓóÈøöÍõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ äõÓóÈøöÍõ æóäõÕóÏøöÞõ¡ ÝóÞöäóÇ ãóÇ Êóáõæãõ ÛóíúÑóäóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 191] äóÍúæõ Þóæúáöåö: {ÃóÝóÍóÓöÈúÊõãú ÃóäøóãóÇ ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú ÚóÈóËðÇ} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 115] Ãóíú: ãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöÂãõÑó æÃóäúåóì æóÃõËöíÈó æóÃõÚóÇÞöÈó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ æóáóÏñ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 171] Ãóíú ÊóäúÒöíåðÇ áóåõ Úúäú Ðóáößó¡(1/382)
æóäóÍúæñ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö: «Çááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ» ¡ Ãóíú åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÚóÙöíãò. æóßóÐóáößó ãóÚúäóì «ÓõÈúÍóÇäó» Ãóíú ßõáøõ ÕöÝóÉò Ïõæäó ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ æóÈóÚöíÏñ ãöäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇ æóÕóÝó Èöåö äóÝúÓóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ áöí Ãóäú ÃóÞõæáó ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöí ÈöÍóÞøò} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 116] Ãóíú ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ÚóãøóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Íöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÚöíÓóì Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö Åöáóåñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ æóáóÏñ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ßõäúÊõ ÞõáúÊõåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊóåõ ÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓößó Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÚóáøóÇãõ ÇáúÛõíæõÈö} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 116] Ãóíú áóãú ÃóÞõáúåõ¡ æóáóæú ÞõáúÊõåõ áóßõäúÊó ÚóáöãúÊóåõ¡ Ãóíú áóãú ÃóÞõáúåõ¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáöåõ: {ÃóÊðõäóÈøöÆõæäó Çááøóåó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} Ãóíú ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóßõäúº áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó áóÚóáöãóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíõ áöãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ãóÇ Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÝöí Çáúßóæúäó¡ Ãóíú áóæú ßóÇäó áóÚóáöãóåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓößó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 116] Ãóíú ÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÃõÎúÝöí æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÃóÎúÝóíúÊóåõ Úóäøöí¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõ áóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊóäöí Èöåö Ãóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ÑóÈøöí æóÑóÈøóßõãú æóßõäúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ ãóÇ ÏõãúÊõ Ýöíåöãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóæøóÝóíúÊóäöí ßõäúÊó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÑøóÞöíÈó Úóáóíúåöãú æóÃóäúÊó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÔóåöíÏò} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 117] æóÞóÏú ÃóÍúßóãúÊõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö «ÇáÔøöåóÇÏóÇÊö» ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóãøóÇ íóÕöÝõæäó} [(1/383)
ÇáÃäÚÇã: 100] Ãóíú ÚóãøóÇ íóÕöÝõæäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÓóíóÌúÒöíåöãú æóÕúÝóåõãú} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 139] Ãóíú ßóÐöÈóåõãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ÊõÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 143] ÝóÇáúãóÚúäóì: ÊóäúÒöíåðÇ áóßó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊóåõ ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóÑóÇßó Ãóæú Ãóäú ÊóãúäóÚóäöí Ðóáößó æóÅöäøóãóÇ ØóãöÚó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÑõÄúíóÉö ÑóÈøöåö Íöíäó ßóáøóãóåõ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚóäøöÝúåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {áóäú ÊóÑóÇäöí æóáóßöäö ÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö ÝóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ãóßóÇäóåõ ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÑóÇäöí} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 143] Ýóáóãú íóíúÃóÓú ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ¡ ÍóÊóì ÑóÃóì ÇáúÌóÈóáó ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó ÏóßøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÞöÑøó ÇáúÌóÈóáõ æóÃóäú íóÑóì ÑóÈøóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóäóÚóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ÊõÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 143] Ãóíú ÑóÌóÚúÊõ ÚóãøóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÓóÃóáúÊõ¡ {æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 143] Ãóíú Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöãóÇ ÊõæÍöíåö Åöáóíøó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö åõãú Ãóæøóáõ Ãõãóãöåöãú ÅöíãóÇäðÇ Íöíäó íóÃúÊöíåöãõ ÇáúæóÍúíõ¡ Ëõãøó íõÈóáøöÛõæäó¡ ÝóíõÄúãöäõ ãóäú íõÄúãöäõ¡ æóíóßúÝõÑõ ãóäú íóßúÝõÑõ¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ Ýöí Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÛóíúÈöåõ¡ ãóØúæöíøñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: {Åöäøöí ÇÕúØóÝóíúÊõßó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöí æóÈößóáóÇãöí ÝóÎõÐú ãóÇ ÂÊóíúÊõßó} ¡ Ãóíú ÎõÐúåõ ÃóÎúÐó ÇáúÞóÇÈöáö áóåõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãöáö Èöåö¡ æóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó áöãóÇ ÂÊóíúÊõßó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó áóÇ íóÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóíõÓóÈøöÍõæäóåõ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 206] Ãóíú: íõäóÒøöåõæäóåõ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö¡ æóíóÓúÌõÏõæäó áóåõ¡(1/384)
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö íõæäõÓó: {ÏóÚóæóÇåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Çááøõåõãøó} [íæäÓ: 10] Ãóíú åõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóäúÒöíåö Çááøóåö ÚóãøóÇ äóÒøóåó Úóäúåõ äóÝúÓóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ {æóÊóÍöíøóÊõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÓóáóÇãñ æóÂÎöÑõ ÏóÚúæóÇåõãú Ãóäö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøöåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [íæäÓ: 10] ¡ ÑöÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÚúØóæúåõ¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 119](1/385)
1 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáÒøóåúÑóÇäöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ¡ Úóäú ÚóäúÈóÓóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóáøóì Èúäö ÚöÑúÝóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÔóÞöíÞò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóäú ÑóÖöíó ÈöãóÇ ÞóÓóãó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó» [Õ:386]. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÚóãøóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÇáÊæÈÉ: 31] ¡ æó {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóäöíøõ} [íæäÓ: 68] ¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÃóÕúáõåõ ãóÇ æóÕóÝúÊõåõ áóßó. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÓóÈøöÍö ÇÓúãó ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÃÚáì: 1] ¡ Ãóíú äóÒøöåö ÇÓúãóåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ Óóãøóì Èöåö äóÝúÓóåõ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 98] ¡ Ãóíú ÇÏúÚõåõ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóäóÒøöåúåõ ÈöåóÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó. æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 98] ¡ æó {ÓóÈøöÍö ÇÓúãó ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÃÚáì: 1] ¡ ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ ßõáøõåõ: äóÒøöåúåõ¡ æóÚóÙøöãúåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æóÕóÝó Çááøóåõ Èöåö äóÝúÓóåõ. æóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: {æóíõÓóÈøöÍõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÎöíÝóÊöåö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 13] ¡ Ãóíú ßõáøñ íõäóÒøöåõåõ æóíõÚóÙøöãõåõ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö¡ æóÃóÓúãóÇÁõ Çááøóåö ÕöÝóÇÊñ áóåõ¡ æóÕöÝóÇÊõ Çááøóåö ãóÏúÍñ. æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåó ÈöÇÓúãò ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö [Õ:387] ÝóÞóÏú ÃóØóÇÚóåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ æóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÕöÝóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÖöíóåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóäóÝóì ÓöæóÇåóÇ Úóäúåõ. æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: {ÝóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 98] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÚóãøóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} [Çáäãá: 63] ¡ Ãóíú ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÊóäúÒöíåðÇ Úóäú ÅöÔúÑóÇßöåöãú Èöåö. æóáóÓúÊó ÊóÑóì ÐößúÑó {ÓõÈúÍóÇäó} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 1] Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÅöáøóÇ æóãóÚóåóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊñ æóäóÝúíñ¡ ÝóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊõ áöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇáäøóÝúíõ ÝöíãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÊóÃóãøóáúåõ ÊóÌöÏúåõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. ßóÐóáößó Þóæúáöåö: {æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó áöáøóåö ÇáúÈóäóÇÊö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ} [ÇáäÍá: 57] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÓúÑóì ÈöÚóÈúÏöåö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 1] ¡ Ãóíú ÊóäúÒöíåðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ Úóäú Þóæúáö ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó ÈöÃóäúÈóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÃóáúÓöäóÉö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåö. æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáöåö: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóãøóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÚõáõæøðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ ÊõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó æóÅöäú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊóÝúÞóåõæäó ÊóÓúÈöíÍóåõãú} ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊñ ãöäúåõ ÚóÒøó æóÚóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÝúÞóåõ ÊóÓúÈöíÍóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãó ÈóÚúÖó ÎóáúÞöåö ÈóÚúÖó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö Úóáøóãóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÚõáøöãúäóÇ ãóäúØöÞó ÇáØøóíúÑö} [Çáäãá: 16] ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÞóåõåõ ÎóáúÞõåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãóåõ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ Úóáøóãóåõ(1/385)
2 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó ÇáúÚóÇÈöÏõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö¡ Úóäú ßóÚúÈò [Õ:388] ÞóÇáó: " ÕöíóÇÍõ ÇáÏøõÑøóÇÌö Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö: ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇÓúÊóæóì "(1/387)
3 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÎúáóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÝóÑúÞóÏò ÇáÓøóÈóÎöíøö ÞóÇáó: " ãóÑøó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÏöíßò íóÕöíÍõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøöíßõ¿ íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÛóÇÝöáöíäó ÇÐúßõÑõæÇ Çááøóåó ". æóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ãóÑúíóãó: {ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ áóåõ ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ} [ãÑíã: 35] ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÞöÕøóÉö ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóãóÇ ÇÏøõÚöíó Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ äóÝóÇåõ Çááøóåõ. æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíúåöãú Ãóäú ÓóÈøöÍõæÇ ÈõßúÑóÉð æóÚóÔöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 11] ¡ Ãóíú ÇÐúßõÑõæÇ Çááøóåó ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö. æóÇáúæóÍúíõ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÅöÚúáóÇãñ ãöäú ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú [Õ:389] ÖõÑöÈó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö¡ æóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÅöáøóÇ ÑóãúÒðÇ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 41] ¡ æóÇáÑøóãúÒõ: ÇáúÅöíãóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóßóÉõ. ÞóÇáó ÌóÑöíÑñ:
[ÇáÈÍÑ ÇáßÇãá]
ÃóãúÓóì íõÑóãøöÒõ ÍóÇÌöÈóíúåö ßóÃóäøóåõ ... ÐöíÎñ áóåõ ÈöÞóÕöíãóÊóíúäö æóÌóÇÑñ
ÇáÐøöíÎõ: ÐóßóÑõ ÇáÖøóÈõÚö. ÝóÇáúÅöíÍóÇÁõ åóÇåõäóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ: ÅöÚúáóÇãñ ÈöÛóíúÑö ßóáóÇãò. æóÞóÏú Íõßöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö , æóáóÚóãúÑöí ãóÇ ÊóãúäóÚõ ÇááøõÛóÉõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÚúáóãóåõãú ÈöÃóíøö ÌöäúÓò ßóÇäó¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõßóáøöãóåõãú. ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÌóÇÔöíøõ:
[ÇáÈÍÑ ÇáØæíá]
íóÎúØõØúäó ÈöÇáúÈóØúÍóÇÁö æóÍúíðÇ Úóáöãúäóåõ ... Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúíóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ßóÇÊöÈö
æóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Øå: {æóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó ÞóÈúáó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÞóÈúáó ÛõÑõæÈöåóÇ æóãöäú ÂäóÇÁö Çááøóíúáö ÝóÓóÈøöÍú æóÃóØúÑóÇÝó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö} [Øå: 130] ¡ íõæÕöíåö ÈöÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö: ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóÃóØúÑóÇÝöåö¡ æóÂäóÇÁö Çááøóíúáö¡ æóåöíó [Õ:390] ÃóæúÞóÇÊõåõ: æóÇÍöÏõåóÇ Åöäðì æóÅöäúíñ æóÅöäúæñ¡ æóÃóäúÔóÏó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì:
[ÇáÈÍÑ ÇáÈÓíØ]
Íõáúæñ æóãóÑøñ ßóÚóØúÝö ÇáúÞöÏúÍö ãöÑøóÊõåõ ... Èößõáøö Åöäðì ÍóÏóÇåõ Çááøóíúáõ íóäúÊóÚöáõ
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö Íöíäó ÊõãúÓõæäó æóÍöíäó ÊõÕúÈöÍõæäó æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÚóÔöíøðÇ æóÍöíäó ÊõÙúåöÑõæäó} ¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÃóæúÞóÇÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÇáúæõÓúØóì: ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ. æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó ÞóÈúáó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÞóÈúáó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö æóãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÝóÓóÈøöÍúåõ æóÃóÏúÈóÇÑó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö} [Þ: 40] ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÃóæúÞóÇÊðÇ íóÍõÖøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö ÝöíåóÇ(1/388)
4 - ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáúÍõäóíúäöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúÈóÇØñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ßõáøñ áóåõ ÃóæøóÇÈñ} [Õ: 19] ÞóÇáó: «ãõÓóÈøöÍñ áöáøóåö»(1/390)
5 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ æóåúÈò ÇáúÚóáøóÇÝõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íõæäõÓó¡ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÑúÞóÇÁõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÇ ÌöÈóÇáõ ÃóæøöÈöí ãóÚóåõ} [ÓÈÃ: 10] ÞóÇáó: «ÓóÈøöÍöí ãóÚóåõ» ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö: Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ÚóÙøóãó Çááøóåó æóßóÈøóÑóåõ æóÏóÚóÇåõ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö Ýóåõæó ãõÓóÈøöÍñ áóåõ(1/391)
6 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÇáúÚõØóÇÑöÏöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " áöÃóäú ÃóÞõæáó: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ¡ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöãøóÇ ØóáóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ " [Õ:392]. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö: ÝóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäúÊõ áóßó ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö¡ æóãóÚúäóì ÃóÓúãóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÕöÝóÇÊñ áóåõ æóãóÏúÍñ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ ÈöÇÓúãò ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóØóÇÚóåõ æóãóÏóÍóåõ æóÚóÙøóãóåõ æóÓóÈøóÍóåõ(1/391)
7 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÛúíóÑó ãöäó Çááøóåöº æóáöÐóáößó ÍóÑøóãó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔó. æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúãóÏúÍõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó» [Õ:393]. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÇÐúßõÑõæäöí ÃóÐúßõÑúßõãú} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 152] ¡ Ãóíö: ÇÐúßõÑõæäöí ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöí¡ æóÚöäúÏó ÊóÕóÑøõÝößõãú æóÃóÍúæóÇáößõãú¡ ÃóÐúßõÑúßõãú ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöí(1/392)
8 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáöãóäú ÎóÇÝó ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö ÌóäøóÊóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 46] ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÎóÇÝó ãóÞóÇãó Çááøóåö»(1/393)
9 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáöãóäú ÎóÇÝó ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö ÌóäøóÊóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 46] ÞóÇáó: «åõæó Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó Çááøóåó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÝóíóäúÍóÌöÒó»(1/393)
10 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó [Õ:394] ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÝõÖóíúáñ¡ Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö ÃóßúÈóÑõ} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 45] ÞóÇáó: «ÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áöáøóåö»(1/393)
11 - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÝõÖóíúáñ¡ Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÈøöÍöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 143] ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó» ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö: íóÚúäöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÎóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÃóäúÌóÇåõ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó áóãøóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ÇáúÛóÑóÞõ ÞóÇáó: {ÂãóäúÊõ Ãóäøóåó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÂãóäóÊú Èöåö Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó} [Õ:395][íæäÓ: 90] ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÂáúÂäó æóÞóÏú ÚóÕóíúÊó ÞóÈúáõ æóßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó} [íæäÓ: 91] . Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÎóÇÁö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÈóáúåõ Ýöí ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö Íöíäó ÑóÃóì ÈóÃúÓóåõ. æóßóÇäó íõæäõÓõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÎóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃóÚóÇäóåõ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö¡ æóÃóäúÌóì Þóæúãóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÏú ÃóÙóáøóåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÈóÃúÓóäóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ æóßóÝóÑúäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ßõäøóÇ Èöåö ãõÔúÑößöíäó} [ÛÇÝÑ: 84] ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóáóãú íóßõ íóäúÝóÚõåõãú ÅöíãóÇäõåõãú áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÈóÃúÓóäóÇ ÓõäøóÉó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏöåö} ¡ Ãóíú åóÐöåö ÓõäøóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ Ýóãóäú Ãóåúáóßó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÈóÃúÓóåõ ÂãóäõæÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÞóÈúáó æõÞõæÚöåö áóäóÝóÚóåõãú. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ äóÇÏöãöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 157] ¡ {ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ} [ÇáäÍá: 113] ¡ ÐóåóÈó äóÇÓñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÊóÞúÏöíãðÇ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑðÇ: ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ äóÇÏöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúÂíóÉõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ: ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ äóÇÏöãöíäó áóãøóÇ ÃóÙóáøóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ¡ æóÑóÃóæúÇ ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö Ðóáößó ÞóÈúáó ÃóÎúÐöåö ÅöíøóÇåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐóåõãú(1/394)