ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Èößóæúäöåö ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó áóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö¡ æóÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóÇÕøö æóÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö. æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóæúäõåõ ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó ÈóØóáóÊö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÈÚ æÇáÚÔÑæä " ÇáøóÐöíäó íõäúÝöÞõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íõäúÝöÞõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 274] . ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò (2) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (3) äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò (4) ¡ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÝóÃóäúÝóÞó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÓöÑøðÇ¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð¡ æóÑóæóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ðóáößó. æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú Ðóáößó áöÛóíúÑöåö (5) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 161 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö.
(3) ß: Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó.
(4) ß¡ ã: Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) ß: ÝóÃóäúÝóÞó ÈöÇááøóíúáö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÓøöÑøö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚóáóÇäöíóÉö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ðóáößó.(7/228)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ áóíúÓó ÈöËóÇÈöÊò (1) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóäú íõäúÝöÞõ ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð¡ Ýóãóäú Úóãöáó ÈöåóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÝöíåóÇ (2) ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ãõÚóíøóäñ (3) .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó (4) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÏúáõæáó ÇáúÂíóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóÇäóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÇáúæóÞúÊõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÇáóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãöäúåõãóÇ. ÝóÇáúÝöÚúáõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÒóãóÇäò¡ æóÇáÒøóãóÇäõ ÅöãøóÇ áóíúáñ æóÅöãøóÇ äóåóÇÑñ. æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÅöãøóÇ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð ; ÝóÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞó ÈöÇááøóíúáö ÓöÑøðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóäúÝóÞó áóíúáðÇ ÓöÑøðÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞó ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð äóåóÇÑðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð äóåóÇÑðÇ. æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞõ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö. Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÈöÇáÓøöÑøö¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóáóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ æóÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö - ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð ÞóÏú ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ ÞóÏú ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáÏøöÑúåóãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó íóÊøóÕöÝõ ÈöÕöÝóÊóíúäö¡ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð.
áóßöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÝóÇÓöíÑó ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉó íóÞõæáõ ãöËúáóåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó:
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöÂíóÉö 274 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó æóÂËóÇÑò Ýöí ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÎóíúáö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúáöÝõæäó ÇáúÎóíúáó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö æóäóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö Èúäö ãõÌóÇåöÏò æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ".
(2) ÝöíåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ó¡ È: Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ãõÚóíøóäñ.
(4) ã: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ.(7/229)
ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ (ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò) ÃóÔöÏøóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö (ÚõãóÑõ) ÑõÍóãóÇÁõ Èóíúäóåõãú (ÚõËúãóÇäõ) ÊóÑóÇåõãú ÑõßøóÚðÇ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ (Úóáöíøñ) íóÌúÚóáõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö áöãóæúÕõæÝóÇÊò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò æóíõÚóíøöäõæäó ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝó (1) Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö.
æóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÕóÑöíÍóÉñ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóÑöíÍóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ßõáøóåóÇ áöÞóæúãò íóÊøóÕöÝõæäó ÈöåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóåõãú ßóËöíÑõæäó áóíúÓõæÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÃóÝúÖóáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ãóæúÕõæÝñ ÈöåóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖò ÃóÞúæóì ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÂÎóÑó.
æóÃóÛúÑóÈõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Þóæúáõ ÈóÚúÖö ÌõåøóÇáö (2) ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: {æóÇáÊøöíäö æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäö - æóØõæÑö Óöíäöíäó - æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÃóãöíäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøöíäö: 1 - 3] Åöäøóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö. áóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÞúÓóãó ÈöÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóäúÒóáó ÝöíåóÇ ßõÊõÈóåõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáó æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ æóÙóåóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö: ÌóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ØõæÑö ÓóíúäóÇ¡ æóÃóÔúÑóÞó ãöäú ÓóÇÚöíäó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúáóäó ãöäú ÌöÈóÇáö ÝóÇÑóÇäó (3) .
ÝóÇáÊøöíäõ æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäõ: ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈõÚöËó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ¡ æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ÊõÓóãøóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÈöãóÇ íóäúÈõÊõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÝõáóÇäñ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóì ÇáúßóÑúãö æóÅöáóì ÇáÒøóíúÊõæäö æóÅöáóì ÇáÑøõãøóÇäö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ æóíõÑóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÚóÈøóÑó ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖöåóÇ.
æóØõæÑõ Óöíäöíäó ÍóíúËõ ßóáøóãó Çááøóåõ ãõæÓóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ ãóßøóÉõ Ãõãøõ ÇáúÞõÑóì ÇáøóÊöí ÈõÚöËó ÈöåóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóíõÚóíøöäõæäó ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝó " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÞóÇÑóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/230)
æóÇáúÌóÇåöáõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ áöÊóæóåøõãöåö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð ÛóíúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ Ýöí Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö - íóÞõæáõ: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöíãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÅöãøóÇ Úóáöíøò æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íõäúÝöÞõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð} * áóãú íóÚúØöÝú ÈöÇáúæóÇæö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð. Èóáú åóÐóÇäö ÏóÇÎöáóÇäö Ýöí Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ * (1) Þöíáó: åõãóÇ ãóäúÕõæÈóÇäö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ äóæúÚóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö¡ Ãóæú Þöíáó: Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇáö. ÝóÓóæóÇÁñ ÞõÏøöÑóÇ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð (2) ¡ Ãóæú ãõÓöÑøðÇ æóãõÚúáöäðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÐøóÈó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóÇáúÌóåúáõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö áóíúÓó ÈöãõäúßóÑò.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÃóäøóÇ áóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó¡ æóäóÒóáóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ¡ Ýóåóáú åõäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöäúÝóÇÞõ (3) ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÏóÑóÇåöãó Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóÍúæóÇáò¿ ! æóåóÐóÇ Úóãóáñ ãóÝúÊõæÍñ ÈóÇÈõåõ (4) ãõíóÓøóÑñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. æóÇáúÚóÇãöáõæäó ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÃóÖúÚóÇÝöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íõÍúÕóæúÇ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò Ýöíåö ÎóíúÑñ ÅöáøóÇ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõäúÝöÞó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáÓøöÑøö æóÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÚóáóÇäöíóÉö. ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÕóÇÆöÕö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö (5) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇãä æÇáÚÔÑæä " áóíúÓó ãöäú ÂíóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÑóÃúÓõåóÇ æóÃóãöíÑõåóÇ. . . " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (6) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ä: ÞõÏøöÑó ÅöÓúÑóÇÑðÇ æóÅöÚúáóÇäðÇ¡ Ó¡ È: ÞõÏøöÑó ÓöÑøðÇ æóÅöÚúáóÇäðÇ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: åõäóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÃóäøóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ä: Úóáóì ÝóÖúáöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ È: Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÉò.
(6) Ýöí (ß) Õ 162 (ã) .(7/231)
ÍóäúÈóáò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ãöäú ÂíóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÑóÃúÓõåóÇ æóÃóãöíÑõåóÇ¡ æóÔóÑöíÝõåóÇ æóÓóíøöÏõåóÇ¡ æóáóÞóÏú ÚóÇÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ãõÍóãøóÏò (1) Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóíúÑò. æóåóÐóÇ (2) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóåõ - áóæú ÑóæóÇåõ - Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö " íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó æóáóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö " æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøö¡ ÑóæóÇåõ (3) Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóäú ÔóÑöíßò ÇáúßõæÝöíøö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚöíÓóì (4) Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÈóÐöíãóÉó (5) ¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäó íóÍúíóì ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøó: ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö íóÍúíóì: " ÑóÌõáõ ÓõæÁò íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËó íóÓúÊóÃúåöáõ Ãóäú íõÍúÝóÑó áóåõ ÈöÆúÑñ ÝóíõáúÞóì ÝöíåóÇ " æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: " ãóÊúÑõæßñ ". æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: " ßóÇäó íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí ãóËóÇáöÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " (6) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóåõ ãõÚóÇíóÈóÇÊñ íóÚöíÈõ ÈöåóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóíóÃúÎõÐõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäú
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(1) ã: ÚóÇÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ.
(2) ß: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(3) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 2/654 (ÑóÞúãó 1114
(4) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÔóÑöíßò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÚöíÓóì.
(5) ä¡ Ó: äóÏöíãóÉó.
(6) ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ æóÕöíøõ Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøö ".(7/232)
ÃõãõæÑöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÍóÑøóÞó ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÏøóÚóæúÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó ÞóÇáó: áóæú ßõäúÊõ ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃõÍóÑøöÞúåõãú¡ áöäóåúíö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÚóÐøóÈó ÈöÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÖóÑóÈúÊõ ÃóÚúäóÇÞóåõãú áöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãóäú ÈóÏøóáó Ïöíäóåõ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ» " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (1) . æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: æóíúÍó Ãõãøö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóãöäó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝúÊöí - ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ äóÕøñ - ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóåóÐöåö ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊõåõ áöÚóáöíøò.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÈóßøóÇÑò ãõÌóÇæóÈóÊóåõ áöÚóáöíøò áóãøóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäú ãóÇáö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóíúåö ÑöÓóÇáóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÛúáöíØñ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈó ÚóáöíøðÇ (2) ÈöÌóæóÇÈò íóÊóÖóãøóäõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõåõ Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊóåõ ãöäú ÓóÝúßö ÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÏúÍñ áöÚóáöíøò ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íõÎóÇØöÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÚöÊóÇÈò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áöãó ÊóÞõæáõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó - ßóÈõÑó ãóÞúÊðÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÝøö: 2 - 3] ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÃúÓó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ; ÝóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÐóãøóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÚóÏõæøöí æóÚóÏõæøóßõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ÊõáúÞõæäó Åöáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 1] . æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó áóãøóÇ ßóÇÊóÈó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó áöíóÃúÊöíóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö (3) ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ãóÚóåóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ (4) ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ÈóÑöíÆðÇ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/307
(2) ã: æóÃóÌóÇÈó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÇáúãõÌöíÈõ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóÌóÇÈó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÛúáöíÙñ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 3/501 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 8/108 - 111(7/233)
ãöäú ÐóäúÈö ÍóÇØöÈò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌúÚóáõ ÑóÃúÓó ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó ÇáúãõáóÇãöíäó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÐøóäúÈö¿ !
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÑóÈúÊõãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ áöãóäú ÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãó áóÓúÊó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÊóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÚóÑóÖó ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 94] . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÌóÏõæÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ Ýöí ÛóäöíãóÉò áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÕóÏøöÞõæåõ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ Ûóäóãóåõ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - ÈöÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö æóÇáÊøóÈóíøõäö¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÊóßúÐöíÈö ãõÏøóÚöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ØóãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõ. æóÚóáóíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöäú ÐóäúÈö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ åõæó ÑóÃúÓõåõãú¿ ! æóÃóãúËóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: åõæó ãöãøóäú Ôóãöáóåõ áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú åõæó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó Ôóãöáóåõ ßóãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ (1) ÛóíúÑóåõ. æóáóíúÓó Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÊóÝúÑöíÞñ Èóíúäó ãõÄúãöäò æóãõÄúãöäò.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃúÓõ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÃóãöíÑõåóÇ æóÔóÑöíÝõåóÇ æóÓóíøöÏõåóÇ¡ ßóáóÇãõ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ. ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÎõæØöÈó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó ÊóäóÇæõáðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ áóÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÊóäóÇæóáóåõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Úóãöáó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÂíóÇÊò ÞóÏú Úõãöáó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÂíóÇÊñ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Úóáöíøñ Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÈöåóÇ.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÊóäóÇæõáóåóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö Ãóæú Úóãúáó ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöåóÇ ãóÔúÑõæØñ Èöåö¡ ßóÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ôõãõæáó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú áóíúÓó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ
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(1) ä: íóÔúãóáõåõ ßóãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ¡ Ó¡ È: íóÔúãóáõåõ ßóãóÇ Ôóãöáó.(7/234)
ÈöÔõãõæáöåö áöÂÎóÑöíäó¡ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÚóãóáö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãóÔúÑõæØñ Úóáóì ÂÎóÑöíäó ÈöæõÌõæÈöåö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóäú Úõäöíó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÈúäóì Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö. ÝóÅöäú ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóãú íóÌõÒö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÐúßõÑõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ (1) åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó - ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - áóãú íóßõäú ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: áóÞóÏú ÚóÇÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ãõÍóãøóÏò Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóíúÑò¡ ßóÐöÈñ ãóÚúáõæãñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÇÊóÈó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÇÁó ÑóÓõæáó (2) Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Èóáú Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåö: " «ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÇÚúÑóÝõæÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÍóÞøóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÓõÄúäöí íóæúãðÇ ÞóØøõ» " (3) .
æóÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóäúÊóÕöÑõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóíóäúåóì ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóäú ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÇÁóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãøóÇ ÎóØóÈó ÈöäúÊó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉó (4) ¡ æóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÞóØøõ.
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: ÓóÇÁó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö.
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/145. æóÃóæøóáõåõ: Åöäøó Èóäöí ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäõæäöí.(7/235)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÚóáöíøñ áóãú íóßõäú íóÏúÎõáõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÏúÎõáõ ãóÚóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ãöËúáó ÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö æóÍõÑõæÈöåö æóÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ßóÇäóÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöËúáó ÇáúæóÒöíÑóíúäö áóåõ¡ ÔóÇæóÑóåõãóÇ (1) Ýöí ÃóÓúÑóì ÈóÏúÑò ãóÇ íóÕúäóÚõ Èöåöãú¡ æóÔóÇæóÑóåõãóÇ (2) Ýöí æóÝúÏö Èóäöí Êóãöíãò áöãóäú íõæóáøöí Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÔóÇæóÑóåõãóÇ (3) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö íóÎõÕøõåõãóÇ ÈöÇáÔøõæÑóì.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: " æóÇááøóåö Åöäøöí áóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóÍúÔõÑóßó Çááøóåõ ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßó ; ÝóÅöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «ÏóÎóáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÎóÑóÌúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÐóåóÈúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ» " (4) .
æóßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò (5) ÈöÃõãõæÑö ÍõÑõæÈöåö íóÎõÕøõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÔóÇæóÑóåõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúßö¡ ßóãóÇ (6) ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò¡ æóßóãóÇ ÓóÃóáó ÈóÑöíÑóÉó. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ íóÎõÕøõåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóÈóåó Úóáóíúåö ÃóãúÑõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -¡ æóÊóÑóÏøóÏó åóáú íõØóáøöÞõ áöãóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ãóãú íõãúÓößõåóÇ¡ ÕóÇÑó íóÓúÃóáõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÈóÑöíÑóÉó áöÊõÎúÈöÑóåõ ÈöÈóÇØöäö ÃóãúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíõÔóÇæöÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ: ÃóíõãúÓößõåóÇ Ãóãú íõØóáøöÞõåóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ: «Ãóåúáõßó æóáóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ» ¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: «áóãú íõÖóíøöÞö Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ ÓöæóÇåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉó ÊóÕúÏõÞúßó» . æóãóÚó
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãóÇ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóíõÔóÇæöÑõåõãóÇ¡ ã: æóíõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóíõÔóÇæöÑõåõãóÇ.
(4) ÓóíóÑöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÇãöáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 391 Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.
(5) ã: æóßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) È: æóßóãóÇ.(7/236)
åóÐóÇ ÝóäóÒóáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöÈóÑóÇÁóÊöåóÇ æóÅöãúÓóÇßöåóÇ¡ ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉð áöãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Èöåö ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò ÍöÈøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (1) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóíóÊóßóáøóãõ ãóÚó äöÓóÇÆöåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÎõÕøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ Ãõãøõ ÓóáóãóÉó: íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ áóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáúÊó Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÍóÊøóì ÏóÎóáúÊó Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó äöÓóÇÆöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚõãøõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ æóÍúíñ ÎóÇÕøñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäú ÏóÎóáó ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ áóßöäú åõãóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÊóÇÑøóÉð íóäúÒöáõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÊóÈóíøóäõ áóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÝóíóÑúÌöÚõ Úóäúåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÆðÇ (2) ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ áóãøóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó åõæó æóÚõãóÑõ Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøóì ãöäú Èóäöí Êóãöíãò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÃóÕúæóÇÊõåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÑúÝóÚõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÇÊóßõãú ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóáóÇ ÊóÌúåóÑõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 2] ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÊóÃóÐøöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÊóÃóÐøöíåö Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÝóÇØöãóÉó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ãóäú ÊõÄúÐõæÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 23] . æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí Úóáöíøò: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÓõßóÇÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 43] áóãøóÇ Õóáøóì ÝóÞóÑóÃó æóÎóáóØó (3) .
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÅöÝúßö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 4/33
(2) Ãóíú: áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÃóæøóáö ÂíóÉö 43 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí - ÍóÇÊöãò æóÓóÇÞó ÓóäóÏóåõ -¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÕóäóÚó áóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ØóÚóÇãðÇ ÝóÏóÚóÇäóÇ æóÓóÞóÇäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáúÎóãúÑõ ãöäøóÇ¡ æóÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÝóÞóÏøóãõæÇ ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÑóÃó: Þõáú íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó¡ ãóÇ ÃóÚúÈõÏõ ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúÈõÏõ ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó. ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÓõßóÇÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: " åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÏøóÔúÊóßöíøö Èöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ". Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÂÎóÑó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÌóÇÁó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Õóáøóì Èöåöãú åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: " æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Èöåö ". æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÍóÏöíËðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Õóáøóì ÅöãóÇãðÇ åõæó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÑóÇÈöÚðÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò æóÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ÃóáúÝóÇÙõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÞóáöíáðÇ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 8/376 (ÇáúÂËóÇÑó 9524¡ 9525) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/305 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö) ¡ æóåõæó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÝöíåö. . . ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáúÎóãúÑõ ãöäøóÇ æóÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÝóÞóÏøóãõæäöí ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõ. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ". æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó Ýóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ 3/445 " ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÝöíåö: Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÏóÚóÇåõ æóÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò¡ ÝóÓóÞóÇåõãóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊõÍóÑøóãó ÇáúÎóãúÑõ¡ ÝóÃóãøóåõãú Úóáöíøñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÝóÞóÑóÃó. . ÅöáóÎú.(7/237)
«æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: {æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÔóíúÁò ÌóÏóáðÇ} áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ æóáöÝóÇØöãóÉó: " ÃóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøöíóÇäö¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓõäóÇ ÈöíóÏö Çááøóåö - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì» - " (1) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÊÇÓÚ æÇáÚÔÑæä " Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ íõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøöãõæÇ ÊóÓúáöíãðÇ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/85
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 162 (ã) .(7/238)
: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ íõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøöãõæÇ ÊóÓúáöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 56] ãöäú ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ÚõÌúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÓóÃóáúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞõáúäóÇ (1) : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ßóíúÝó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÚóáøóãóäóÇ ßóíúÝó äõÓóáøöãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÞõæáõæÇ: Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò ". æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö (2) ãõÓúáöãò: ÞõáúäóÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßó ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóíúßó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÞõæáõæÇ Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò (3) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚóáóì Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» . æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÕóÍöíÍñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãöäú Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÏøóÇÎöáöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " «Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò» " (4) ¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãöíÚó Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÏóÇÎöáõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö æóæóáóÏöåö æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö æóæóáóÏöåö (5) ¡ æóßóÈóäóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÒóæúÌóÊóíú ÚõËúãóÇäó: ÑõÞóíøóÉó æóÃõãøö ßõáúËõæãò¡ æóÈöäúÊöåö ÝóÇØöãóÉó. æóßóÐóáößó
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(1) ß: Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÞõáúäóÇ.
(2) ß: Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÂáö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÂáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Åöäøóßó ÍóãöíÏñ ãóÌöíÏñ¡ æóãöäú ÕóÍöíÍö.
(3) ß: æóÂáö ãõÍóãøóÏò.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/593
(5) æóæóáóÏöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/239)
ÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ: " «Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö» " (1) Èóáú íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÓóÇÆöÑõ Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÅöÎúæóÉõ Úóáöíøò ßóÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÚóÞöíáò.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÏõÎõæáó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú áóãú íóÏúÎóáú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÕúáõÍõ ÈöÐóáößó áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏó æóÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò æóÛóíúÑóåõãú ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÝóÞó [Ãóåúáõ] ÇáÓøõäøóÉö (2) æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÝóÖúáöåöãú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÂáö¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ ÝöíåóÇ (3) ÚóÞöíáñ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ æóÈóäõæåõ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö [Ãóåúáö] (4) ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó íóÏúÎõáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÊøóÕöÝú ÈöåóÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÞóÑúäõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËúÊõ Ýöíåöãú Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú» " (5) . ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.
æóÊóÝúÖöíáõ ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö Úóáóì ßõáøö ÝóÑúÏò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóÑúäó ÇáËøóÇáöËó æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó¡
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/24
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýöíåö.
(4) Ãóåúáö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) .
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/35(7/240)
ßóÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ æóßóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò (1) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó æóÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöíäó ; æóÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáÔøóÑøö.
æóáóíúÓó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ Èóáú ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöáúÍóÓóäö: " «ÃóãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊó ÃóäøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊò áóÇ äóÃúßõáõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó» " (2) æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ.
æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: {ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÈóÑóßóÇÊõåõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 73] æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ýöíåöãú.
æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò ; ßóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÂáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» "¡ [æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ] (3) ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöíåöãú.
æóßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöáøóÇ Âáó áõæØò äóÌøóíúäóÇåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö: 34] ¡ ÝóÅöäøó áõæØðÇ ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåöãú.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì ÂÏóãó æóäõæÍðÇ æóÂáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÂáó ÚöãúÑóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 33] ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÕúØöÝóÇÁö (4) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4 74 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö æóÇáÑøóØóÇäóÉö) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ÃóÎóÐó ÊóãúÑóÉð ãöäú ÊóãúÑö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ Ýöí Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö: (ßóÎú ßóÎú ÃóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÃúßõáõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó)) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 2/751 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÚóáóì Âáöåö) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó ÈöáóÝúÙö: ((ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ ÊóÍöáøõ áóäóÇ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ)) æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö æóãöËúáõåóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2 83 - 84 æóÓõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2 165 - 167
(3) æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) .
(4) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ÇáöÇÕúØöÝóÇÆöíøóÉö.(7/241)
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóì Åöáú íóÇÓöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 130]
[ÝóÞóÏó] ÏóÎóáó íóÇÓöíäõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóáóÇãö (1) .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì Âáö ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì» " ÏóÎóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÃóæúÝóì. (2)
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " «áóÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíó åóÐóÇ ãöÒúãóÇÑðÇ ãöäú ãóÒóÇãöíÑö Âáö ÏóÇæõÏó» " (3) .
æóáóíúÓó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; áöÃóäøó Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõãú ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáõåõãú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú.
ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÊóÇÈöÚöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú æóÇÍöÏñ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö ÊóÇÈöÚöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.
Èóáö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝõÖøöáóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõåõãóÇ (4) ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÍóÕóáó ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö¡ æóãóÇ (5) ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóãóæúÞõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
Èóáú ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáõåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÝóÇÖóáö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÏóáöíáò.
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(1) ä¡ ã: íóÇÓöíäõ (ÏóÎóáó Âáõ íóÇÓöíäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡ Ó: Úóáóì Åöáú íóÇÓöíäó) Ýöí ÇáÓøóáóÇãö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/607
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/195 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøóæúÊö ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì áóÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíÊó ãöÒúãóÇÑðÇ ãöäú ãóÒóÇãöíÑö Âáö ÏóÇæõÏó "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/546 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÊóÍúÓöíäö ÇáÕøóæúÊö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/355 - 356 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(4) È: ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõåóÇ.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóãøóÇ.(7/242)
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì ßöäóÇäóÉó ãöäú Èóäöí (1) ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóì ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ãöäú ßöäóÇäóÉó¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóì ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò (2) ¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóÇäöí ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò» " (3) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌõãúáóÉõ ÞõÑóíúÔò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ (4) áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò äóÝóÑñ ãóÚúÏõæÏõæäó (5) ¡ æóÛóÇáöÈõåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö (6) ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ.
æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (7) - ßóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáúåõÐóáöíøö (8) ¡ æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ÇáúÎõÒóÇÚöíøö¡ æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÇáúßöäúÏöíøö - æóåóÄõáóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÈóÏúÑöíøöíäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ÝóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò: ÍóãúÒóÉõ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóäúÝõÓò. æóÃóåúáõ ÈóÏúÑò ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇáÓøóáóÇãó Úóáóì Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò (9) æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö ÊóÞúÊóÖöí
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(1) È: ãöäú æóáóÏö.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÇÕúØóÝóì åóÇÔöãðÇ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/599
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(5) äóÝóÑñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÝöí (ã) äóÝóÑñ ãõÊøóÍöÏõæäó.
(6) ã: íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö.
(7) ã: æóÛóíúÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò.
(8) È: ßóÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáúåõÐóáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ ã: ßóÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÇáúåõÐóáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(9) ã: Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/243)
Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈõíõæÊö. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóÞõÑóíúÔñ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÍóÑúÈñ ÇáúßöÑúãóÇäöíøõ Úóãøóäú áóÞöíóåõãú ãöËúáó ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÐóåóÈóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ Åöáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì Ýöí " ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö " æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÕóÍøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (1) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì ßöäóÇäóÉó ãöäú æóáóÏö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóì ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ãöäú ßöäóÇäóÉó¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóì åóÇÔöãðÇ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóÇäöí ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò» " (2) . æóÑõæöíó: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó " æóåóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËáÇËæä " ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö - ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 19 - 20] (4) .
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(1) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È:. . . ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÇÕúØóÝóì åóÇÔöãðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ßöäóÇäóÉó¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóÇäöí ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 162 (ã) ¡ 163 (ã) .
(4) Ýöí (ß) ÇáúÂíóÉó 19 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÝóÞóØú.(7/244)
(1) ãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö} (2) ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ (3) {ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} : ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÂáõåõ (4) : {íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 22] : ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (5) ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö " (6) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúåóÐóíóÇäö ÃóÔúÈóåó ãöäúåõ ÈöÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö æóÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö áöáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÔóÑøñ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõ. æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ØóÑöíÞñ áöáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáØøóÚúäõ Ýöíåö (7) ¡ Èóáú ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöíåö æóÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöíåö.
æóáöÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó (8) Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóåöíó Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÈóÇØöáóÉð Ýóåöíó ÃóãúËóáõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåöãú: ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó: ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ æóÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáúÞóÇäöÊöíäó: ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÇáúãõäúÝöÞöíäó: ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÛúÝöÑöíäó ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÍóÇÑö: Úóáöíøñ.
æóßóÞóæúáöåö: ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÃóÔöÏøóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö: ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÑõÍóãóÇÁõ Èóíúäóåõãú: ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÊóÑóÇåõãú ÑõßøóÚðÇ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ: Úóáöíøñ.
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ß: æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóæøóáó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ß: æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó.
(7) ä: ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÈöØõÑõÞö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöíåö¡ ã: ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäúåõ æóÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöíåö¡ Ó: ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöíåö.
(8) Ó¡ È: æóáöÌõåøóÇáò ãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó.(7/245)
æóßóÞóæúáöåöãú: æóÇáÊøöíäö: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäö: ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóØõæÑö Óöíäöíäó: ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÃóãöíäö: Úóáöíøñ.
æóßóÞóæúáöåöãú: {æóÇáúÚóÕúÑö - Åöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÝöí ÎõÓúÑò - ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} : ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò {æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö} : ÚõãóÑõ¡ {æóÊóæóÇÕóæúÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö} : ÚõËúãóÇäõ {æóÊóæóÇÕóæúÇ ÈöÇáÕøóÈúÑö} Úóáöíøñ.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÝóÇÓöíÑõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö [Êöáúßó] (1) ÇáÊøóÝóÇÓöíÑö¡ æóåöíó ÃóãúËóáõ ãöäú ÅöáúÍóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ßóÞóæúáöåöãú: {æóßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÃÍúÕóíúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãò ãõÈöíäò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íÓ:] Úóáöíøñ¡ æóßóÞóæúáöåöãú: {æóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí Ãõãøö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÏóíúäóÇ áóÚóáöíøñ Íóßöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 4] : Åöäøóåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ {æóÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÇáúãóáúÚõæäóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 60] : Èóäõæ ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ (2) ãóäú íóÑúÌõæ áöáøóåö æóÞóÇÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãóäú (3) íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóßöÊóÇÈöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: {ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 19] : Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ¡ {ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 20] ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ {íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 22] : ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ. æóßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì Úöáúãò æóÚóÞúáò íóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ÈõØúáóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóãú íóÞõáú åóÐóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó (4) ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÑõæóÇÊõåõ ãóÌúåõæáõæäó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö. æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÓõÝúíóÇäó. ÞóÇáó
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(1) Êöáúßó Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) È: áóãú íóÞõáúåõ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ; Ó: áóãú íóÞõáú åóÐóÇ ãöäú.(7/246)
: " ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÏøóíúäóæóÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÑóÃó ÃóÈöí Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö (1) Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÚõáúæöíøóÉó ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ØóÓúãñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö - ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} ÞóÇáó: ÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÚóáöíøñ¡ {íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ} : ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÙõáõãóÇÊñ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò¡ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ßóÐöÈó Ðóáößó æõÌõæåñ: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóåöíó ãóßøöíøóÉñ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ æõáöÏóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÉó åóÐóíúäö ÈóÍúÑóíúäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áõÄúáõÄðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÑúÌóÇäðÇ¡ æóÌóÚúáó ÇáäøößóÇÍö ãóÑóÌðÇ - ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõåõ áõÛóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÈöæóÌúåò¡ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÉö (2) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÒóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð æóæõáöÏó áóåõãóÇ æóáóÏóÇäö * ÝóåõãóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÐößúÑö
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÞóÑóÃó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö: ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Ãóíú ÃóÑúÓóáóåõãóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ " íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö " ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏò: Ãóíú ãóäóÚóåõãóÇ Ãóäú ÊóáúÊóÞöíóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÌóÚóáó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑúÒóÎö ÇáúÍóÇÌöÒö ÇáúÝóÇÕöáö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö " ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö ": ÇáúãöáúÍõ æóÇáúÍõáúæõ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõáúæõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÇáÓøóÇÑöÍóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö " Ãóíú: æóÌóÚóáó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÇÌöÒõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áöÆóáøóÇ íóÈúÛöíó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ " {íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ} " Ãóíú ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚöåöãóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ßóÝóì¡ æóÇááøõÄúáõÄõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ ÝóÞöíáó: åõæó ÕöÛóÇÑõ ÇááøõÄúáõÄö ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ æóÇáÏøõÑøó ÇáúãóäúËõæÑó áöáÓøõíõæØöíøö.(7/247)
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö æóÂíóÇÊöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÙóÇÆöÑöåö ãöäú ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÂÏóãöíøöíäó * (1) ÝóáóÇ ãõæÌöÈó (2) áöáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó áöÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáÒøóæúÌóíúäö æóÇáúæóáóÏóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóßúÑóãõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóÊúÞóÇåõãú ". ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóíúÓó Úóäú åóÐóÇ äóÓúÃóáõßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: " íõæÓõÝõ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö¡ ÇÈúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáö Çááøóåö» " (3) .
æóÂáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõãöÑúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÓúÃóáó áöãõÍóãøóÏò æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãöËúáó ãóÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóäóÍúäõ - æóßõáøõ ãõÓúáöãò - äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Âáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Âáö Úóáöíøò¡ áóßöäú ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. * æóáöåóÐóÇ æóÑóÏó åõäóÇ ÓõÄóÇáñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóáöãó (4) Þöíáó: ßóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó * (5) (6) ¡ æóÇáúãõÔóÈøóåõ Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÔóÈøóåö Èöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÃõÌöíÈó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÌúæöÈóÉò: ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Âáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ (7) Ýöíåöãú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ãõÍóãøóÏñ ãöäú Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. ÝóãóÌúãõæÚõ Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóáóÇ íõæÌöÈõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/601
(4) ä: ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ.
(5) ä: Úóáóì Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó.
(6) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(7) ã: æóãõÍóãøóÏðÇ.(7/248)
Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Ëõãøó ØóáóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóáöÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö ãöËúáó ãóÇ Õóáøóì Úóáóì Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõ Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöåö ãóÇ íóáöíÞõ Èöåöãú¡ æóíóÈúÞóì ÓóÇÆöÑõ Ðóáößó áöãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ØõáöÈó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÇ ÌõÚöáó (1) áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäú Âáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. æóÇáøóÐöí íóÃúÎõÐõåõ ÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöËúáóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áöäóÈöíøò¡ ÝóÊóÚúÙõãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåó (2) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏúÑö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö Ýöí ÂíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö åóÐóÇ ÚóÐúÈñ ÝõÑóÇÊñ æóåóÐóÇ ãöáúÍñ ÃõÌóÇÌñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 53] Ýóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ (3) æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÐóãøðÇ áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ (4) ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} Ýóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ ; áóßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÑúÒóÎõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú - Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ åõæó ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ãóäú íóÈúÛöíó Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö. æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÇáÐøóãøö ÃóÔúÈóåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáúãóÏúÍö.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÆöãøóÉó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÈóÍúÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö ßõáøó ÚóÇãò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö¡ íóÚúäöí ÈóÍúÑó ÝóÇÑöÓó æóÇáÑøõæãö¡ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ: åõæó ÇáúÌóÒóÇÆöÑõ (5) .
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(1) ã: ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó.
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉó¡ ã: ÇáÊøóÔóÈøõåó.
(3) ä¡ Ó: Ýóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ¡ È: Ýóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÚóáöíøðÇ.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö " Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó " 27/74 - 76¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 8/112.(7/249)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 22] ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ (1) ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáúãöáúÍõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõãóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó (2) ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ãöËúáõ: {æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÞóãóÑó Ýöíåöäøó äõæÑðÇ} . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøõ: ÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÝóÍóÐóÝó ÇáúãõÖóÇÝó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãöäúåõãóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÏóÇÝö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö Úóäú ÞóØúÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ ÝóÝöíåöãóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäó ãóÇ ÕóÛõÑó ãöäó ÇááøõÄúáõÄö¡ æóÇááøõÄúáõÄõ ÇáúÚöÙóÇãõ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ: ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ ÇÓúãñ ÌóÇãöÚñ áöáúÍóÈøö ÇáøóÐöí íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ ÕöÛóÇÑõåõ. ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇááøõÄúáõÄó ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑõ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäó ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ. ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ æóãõÞóÇÊöáñ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãúØóÑóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÝóÊóÍóÊö ÇáúÃóÕúÏóÇÝõ ÃóÝúæóÇåóåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóØóÑö Ýóåõæó áõÄúáõÄñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò (3) : ÍóíúËõ æóÞóÚóÊú ÞóØúÑóÉñ ßóÇäóÊú áõÄúáõÄóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÑóÒõ ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ: ÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäõ ÃóÈúíóÖõ ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÈóíóÇÖö. æóÍõßöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÑúÌóÇäó ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇááøõÄúáõÄö ßóÇáúÞõÖúÈóÇäö (4) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÍÇÏí æÇáËáÇËæä " æóãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì:
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÃóÎúÑóÌó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò.
(4) Ó¡ È: ßóÇáúÞõÖúÈóÇäö æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö " Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó 27/76 - 78 ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 8/113.
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 163 (ã) .(7/250)
{æóãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 43] . ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò (1) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ÞóÇáó: åõæó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò ÞóÇáó (2) : ÞõáúÊõ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¿ ÞóÇáó: Ðóáößó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (3) . æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓóáóÇãò æóÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ËõÈõæÊöåö áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö áóåóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {Þõáú ßóÝóì ÈöÇááøóåö ÔóåöíÏðÇ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßõãú æóãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 43] ¡ æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ íóÓúÊóÔúåöÏõ (4) Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈöÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö Úóáöíøò. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóæú ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö æóÈößõáøö ãóÇ ÞóÇáó¡ áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚú ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÐóáößó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö (5) ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÞóÇÏõ ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ; áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: ãöäú Ãóíúäó áöÚóáöíøò Ðóáößó¿ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó Ðóáößó ãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ åõæó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏó áöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: [Åöäøó] (6) åóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ Úóãøöåö æóãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö¡ ÝóíõÙóäøõ Èöåö
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(1) ß: ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò.
(2) " ÞóÇáó " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(3) ß: ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ Ðóáößó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(4) ã: ÇÓúÊóÔúåóÏó.
(5) ã: ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) " Åöäøó " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(7/251)
ÇáúãõÍóÇÈóÇÉõ æóÇáúãõÏóÇåóäóÉõ. æóÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö¡ ÈóÑöíÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö¡ áóãú íõÍúßóãú ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Úöáúãñ ÈöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõ¿
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö (1) ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóäúÝóÚó áóåõ ; áöÃóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö¡ æóáöÃóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ æóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóãöäó ÇáúßõåøóÇäö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÚóáöãõæåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöåóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÎõÕõæãõ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÔóåöÏó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÔóåöÏõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÈöãóÇ Úõáöãó ÕöÏúÞõåõ (2) ßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó (3) ÔóåóÇÏóÉð äóÇÝöÚóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ãóæúÌõæÏöíäó æóÔóåöÏõæÇ áóåõ ; áóÃóäøó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó äóÞúáõåõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö ßóÇäó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ äóÍúäõ äóÔúåóÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãóãö ÈöãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö äóÈöíøöäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 143] .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÝóÖöíáóÉð áöÚóáöíøò ÞóÏóÍó ÈöåóÇ Ýöíåö æóÝöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö (4) ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÇÑó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö (5) ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ Ãóæú ÌóÇåöáñ ãõÝúÑöØñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö.
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(1) ã: ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞò.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóÈöãóÇ Úõáöãó ÕöÏúÞõåõãú¡ ã: æóäóÈöíøðÇ Úõáöãó ÕöÏúÞõåõãú.
(3) Êöáúßó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÝöí ÇáÔøóíúÁö.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóÝöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö.(7/252)
ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó áóÇ ÊóÏúÑöí ÝóÊöáúßó ãõÕöíÈóÉñ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÊóÏúÑöí ÝóÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÂíóÉò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö Ëõãøó ßóÝóÑúÊõãú Èöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 52] ¡ {æóÔóåöÏó ÔóÇåöÏñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó Úóáóì ãöËúáöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 10] ÃóÝóÊóÑóì ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¿
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó Ýöí Ôóßøò ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÝóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÑóÁõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 94] ¡ Ýóåóáú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÑóÁõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö¿
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ äõæÍöí Åöáóíúåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 109] ¡ {ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáÐøößúÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÍúáö: 43] Ýóåóáú Ãóåúáõ ÇáÐøößúÑö (1) ÇáøóÐöíäó (2) íóÓúÃóáõæäóåõãú åóáú ÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú (3) ÑöÌóÇáðÇ åõãú Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¿ !
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÔúåóÏõæäó ÈöÐóáößó¡ ãöËúáó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò * æóÓóáúãóÇäó æóßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ áóíúÓõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö * (4) ¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (5) .
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(1) Ãóåúáõ ÇáÐøößúÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (È) ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáÐøößúÑö.
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) æóãóßóÇäõåõ ÈóíóÇÖñ.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãóäú (ã) æóãóßóÇäõåõ ÈóíóÇÖñ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(5) ÐóßóÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 16/500 - 507 Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö " æóãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö " íóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì " æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Úöáúãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö " Ãóíö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí äóÒóáóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ßóÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÝóÓøóÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó "¡ Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏó ÂËóÇÑðÇ (20535 - 20541) ÊóÞõæáõ Åöäøóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóáóÇãò æóÐóßóÑó ÂËóÇÑðÇ ÃõÎúÑóì ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú äóÇÓñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóáóÇãò¡ æóÓóáúãóÇäõ ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøõ æóÊóãöíãñ ÇáÏøóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÉö: (. . . Þöíáó: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÌóÇåöÏò æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ãóßøöíøóÉñ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóáóÇãò ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ãóÞúÏóãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: åõãú ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì " æóÇäúÙõÑú ÓóÇÆöÑó ßóáóÇãöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÉö: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö: ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÚóæøóáó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö æóÌúåóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÃóäóÇ ãóÏöíäóÉõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÚóáöíøñ ÈóÇÈõåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÈóÇØöáñ.(7/253)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇäí æÇáËáÇËæä " íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 8] . Ñóæóì (2) ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íõßúÓóì (3) ãöäú Íõáóáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÈöÎõáøóÊöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö (4) ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÝúæóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ Ëõãøó Úóáöíøñ íõÒóÝøõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌöäóÇäö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: {íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ} ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö (5) ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ.
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 163 (ã) .
(2) ã: ÑóæóÇåõ.
(3) ß: íóßúÊóÓöí.
(4) ß: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Îóáöíáõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áöÎõáøóÊöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö.
(5) ã: ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/254)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (1) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ ; áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí (2) Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõÍóãøóÏò ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÓóØñ æóåõãóÇ ØóÑóÝóÇäö. æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ Ýóãóäú ÝóÖøóáó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúÝóÑó ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íõßúÓóì íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» " (3) . æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóáóÇ Úóáöíøò. æóÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúßõÓúæóÉö áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏò ãõØúáóÞðÇ (4) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " «Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÕúÚóÞõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÃóßõæäõ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú íóÝöíÞõ¡ ÝóÃóÌöÏõ (5) ãõæÓóì ÈóÇØöÔðÇ (6) ÈöÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí åóáö ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÞó ÞóÈúáöí Ãóãú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóËúäóì Çááøóåõ» " (7) ¡
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(2) ä¡ ã: áöÃóäøóåõ íóÞúÊóÖöí.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/139 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÇÊøóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ) 4/168 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÇÈõ æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÑúíóãó) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2194 - 2195 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÕöÝóÉö äóÚöíãöåóÇ æóÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝöäóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÍóÔúÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/4 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö) ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãõØúáóÞðÇ ãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏò.
(5) ã: æóÃóÎöí.
(6) Ó: ÈóÇÓöØðÇ.
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÂÎöÑõåóÇ 9/139 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇÓúÊóÈøó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö. . .¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " áóÇ ÊõÎóíøöÑõæäöí Úóáóì ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÕúÚóÞõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÃóßõæäõ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú íóÝöíÞõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãõæÓóì ÈóÇØöÔñ ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ÃóßóÇäó Ýöíãóäú ÕõÚöÞó ÝóÃóÝóÇÞó ÞóÈúáöí¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ãöãøóäö ÇÓúÊóËúäóì Çááøóåõ "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1844 - 1845 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãõæÓóì Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ 4/301 - 302 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ) ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/20 - 22 ÑóÞúãö 7576.(7/255)
ÝóÊóÌúæöíÒõ (1) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóÈóÞóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÝóÇÞóÉö Ãóæú áóãú íõÕúÚóÞú (2) ÈöÍóÇáò - áóÇ íóãúäóÚõäóÇ (3) Ãóäú äóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãõæÓóì.
æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÛóÖøö ãöäó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúÕö áóåõ äõåöíó Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ äóåóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÊóÝúÖöíáöåö Úóáóì ãõæÓóì¡ æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö. ÞóÇáó: " «ÐóÇßó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» " (4) æóÕóÍøó Þóæúáõåõ: " «ÃóäóÇ ÓóíøöÏõ æóáóÏö ÂÏóãó æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó¡ ÂÏóãõ Ýóãóäú Ïõæäóåõ ÊóÍúÊó áöæóÇÆöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó» " (5) .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóíóÌõæÒõ.
(2) ã: æóáóãú ÕõÚöÞú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ã: áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ.
(4) Ó¡ È: Ðóáößó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1839 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) æóäóÕøõåõ: ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÐóÇßó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/116 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ áóãú íóßõäú) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) \ 3 178 - 184 æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò: 15/121 - 122 " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åóÐóÇ ÊóæóÇÖõÚðÇ æóÇÍúÊöÑóÇãðÇ áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÎõáøóÊöåö æóÃõÈõæøóÊöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóäóÈöíøõäóÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÃóäóÇ ÓóíøöÏõ æóáóÏö ÂÏóãó¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÕöÏú Èöåö ÇáöÇÝúÊöÎóÇÑó æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóØóÇæõáó Úóáóì ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöãóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÈóíóÇäöåö æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó. áöíóäúÝöíó ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊóØóÑøóÞõ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÝúåóÇãö ÇáÓøóÎöíÝóÉö.
(5) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/370 - 371 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: (åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ) æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöØõæáöåö "¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/247 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " ÍóÏöíËõ ÑóÞúãö 3693 Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1440 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÍóÏöíËõ ÑóÞúãö 2546¡ 2692 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)(7/256)
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íõÊøóÞóì Ýöíåö äóÞúÕõ ÃóÍóÏò Úóäú ÑõÊúÈóÊöåö Ãóæö ÇáúÛóÖøõ ãöäú (1) ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÏõÎõæáõ Çáúåóæóì æóÇáúÝöÑúíóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÈúÎóÓõæäó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÍõÞõæÞóåõãú.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ äõæÑõåõãú íóÓúÚóì Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóÈöÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú íóÞõæáõæäó ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÃóÊúãöãú áóäóÇ äõæÑóäóÇ æóÇÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ Åöäøóßó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 8] æóÞóæúáóåõ: {íóæúãó ÊóÑóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö íóÓúÚóì äõæÑõåõãú Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóÈöÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú ÈõÔúÑóÇßõãõ Çáúíóæúãó ÌóäøóÇÊñ ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúÝóæúÒõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 12] äóÕøñ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Úõãõæãöåö¡ æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Úõãõæãöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÅöáøóÇ íõÚúØóì äõæÑðÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ; ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõ ÝóíõØúÝóÃõ [äõæÑõåõ] íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö (2) ¡ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ íõÔúÝöÞõ ãöãøóÇ íóÑóì (3) ãöäú ÅöØúÝóÇÁö äõæÑö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö (4) ¡ Ýóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÃóÊúãöãú áóäóÇ äõæÑóäóÇ (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõãõæãó (6) Ýöí Ðóáößó
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(1) ä: Ãóæö ÇáäøóÞúÕõ ãöäú¡ Ó¡ È: Ãóæö ÇáäøóÞúÕõ Úóäú.
(2) ä: ÝóíõØúÝöÆõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóíõØúÝöÆõ¡ Ó: ÝóíõÚúØóì íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ È: ÝóíõØúÝóÃõ äõæÑõåõ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÑóÃóì.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó.
(5) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÂíóÉò: 12 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö æóäóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÇáúÚõãõæãõ.(7/257)
íõÚúáóãõ ÞóØúÚðÇ æóíóÞöíäðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõÑóÏú Èöåö ÔóÎúÕñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Úóáóì æóÍúÏöåö¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÌóÚóáõæåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæú ÚõãóÑõ Ãóæú ÚõËúãóÇäõ (1) Ãóíøõ ÝóÑúÞò ßóÇäó Èóíúäó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÍúÖó ÇáÏøóÚúæóì æóÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö (2) ¿ Èóáú íõãúßöäõ ÐößúÑõ ÔõÈóåò áöãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÔõÈóåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÏøóÚöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó Ðóáößó ÈöÚóáöíøò. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÏõÎõæáõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ßóÏõÎõæáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ Èóáú åõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÈöåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊõåõ æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ (3) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇáË æÇáËáÇËæä " Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 7] . Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóãøóÇ (5) äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÚóáöíøò (6) : « [ÊóÃúÊöí] ÃóäúÊó æóÔöíÚóÊõßõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÑóÇÖöíäó ãóÑúÖöíøöíäó (7) ¡ æóíóÃúÊöí ÎõÕóãóÇÄõßó
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(1) ã: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ.
(2) ã: æóÇáöÇÝúÊóÑóì.
(3) ã: Ýóáóãú íõäúÓóÈú ÈöåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉñ æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÉñ.
(4) Ýöí (ß) 163 (ã) 164 (ã) .
(5) ß (Õ 164 ã) : Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ
(6) ß: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö áöÚóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÃóäúÊó æóÔöíÚóÊõßó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÑóÇÖöíäó ãóÑúÖöíøöíäó¡ ß: åõãú ÃóäúÊó æóÔöíÚóÊõßó¡ ÊóÃúÊöí ÃóäúÊó æóÔöíÚóÊõßó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÑóÇÖöíäó ãóÑúÖöíøöíäó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) .(7/258)
ÛöÖóÇÈðÇ ãõÝúÍóãöíäó (1) ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÑúÊóÇÈöíäó Ýöí ßóÐöÈö Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäøó ãõØóÇáóÈóÉó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö áóÇ íóÃúÈóÇåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÚóÇäöÏñ. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ØóæóÇÆöÝö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö [ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æó] Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö (2) ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ Èöãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö åõãõ ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈõ¡ ßóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (3) . æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ãóäú ÊóæóáøóÇåõ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ ãõÑúÊóÏøñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö¡ æóíóÍúÊóÌøõæäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóäú áóãú íóÍúßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 44] ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóäú Íóßøóãó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó Ýöí Ïöíäö Çááøóåö ÝóÞóÏú Íóßóãó ÈöÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýóíóßõæäõ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ¡ æóãóäú Êóæóáøóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó (4) Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ ; áöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøóåõãú ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäúåõãú} (5) æóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøóåõ åõæó æóÚõËúãóÇäõ æóãóäú ÊóæóáøóÇåõãóÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøõæäó ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóíõÐóÇÏóäøó ÑöÌóÇáñ Úóäú ÍóæúÖöí ßóãóÇ íõÐóÇÏõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ ÇáÖøóÇáøõ¡ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí. ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóßó¡ Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈöåöãú ãõäúÐõ ÝóÇÑóÞúÊóåõãú» " (6) .
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(1) ß: æóíóÃúÊöí ÚóÏõæøõßó ÛõÖúÈóÇäðÇ ãõÝúÍóãöíäó ÎóÇÆöÈöíäó.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(4) ä¡ Ó: ÇáúßõÝúÑó¡ È: ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøóåõãú.
(6) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/218 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÅöØóÇáóÉö ÇáúÛõÑøóÉö) ¡ Ãóæøóáõåõ: Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÊóì ÇáúãóÞúÈóÑóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÏóÇÑó Þóæúãò ãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÏöÏúÊõ ÃóäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóäóÇ "¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ãóæó áóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÃúÊõæäó ÛõÑøðÇ ãõÍóÌøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÝóÑóØõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóæúÖö¡ ÃóáóÇ áóíõÐóÇÏóäøó ÑöÌóÇáñ Úóäú ÍóæúÖöí ßóãóÇ íõÐóÇÏõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ ÇáÖøóÇáøõ¡ ÃõäóÇÏöíåöãú: ÃóáóÇ åóáõãøó¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÈóÏøóáõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóßó¡ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ: ÓõÍúÞðÇ ÓõÍúÞðÇ "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Ýöí ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 1/28 - 30 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1439 - 1440¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáúÍóæúÖö) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò æóãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇááøóÝúÙö 1/217 ÑóÞúãõ 37.(7/259)
* ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó (1) ÍóßóãõæÇ Ýöí ÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÈöÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " «áóÇ ÊóÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÈóÚúÏöí ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ * (2) íóÖúÑöÈõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÑöÞóÇÈó ÈóÚúÖò» " (3) . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáøóÐöíäó (4) ÖóÑóÈó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÑöÞóÇÈó ÈóÚúÖò ÑóÌóÚõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäú ÍõÌóÌö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò ÝóÍõÌóÌõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÃóÈúØóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÃóÚúÞóáõ æóÃóÕúÏóÞõ æóÃóÊúÈóÚõ áöáúÍóÞøö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÕóÇÏöÞõæäó áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó¡ Ãóåúáõ Ïöíäò ÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóÈóÇØöäðÇ¡ áóßöäøóåõãú ÖóÇáøõæäó ÌóÇåöáõæäó ãóÇÑöÞõæäó¡ ãóÑóÞõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóãóÇ íóãúÑõÞõ ÇáÓøóåúãõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóãöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÝóÇáúÌóåúáõ æóÇáúåóæóì æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÛóÇáöÈñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú æóÚóÇãøóÊöåöãú ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉñ ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Èóáú: {Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó æóãóÇ Êóåúæóì ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓõ æóáóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóåõãú ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãõ ÇáúåõÏóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 33] .
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/500.
(4) ã: æóÇáøóÐöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/260)
æóÇáúãóÑúæóÇäöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ (1) ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÍõÌóÌõåõãú ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ÍõÌóÌö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö. æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áöáúãóÑúæóÇäöíøóÉö ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáøóÊöí áóåõãú ãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó äóÞúÖõåõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉó äóÞúÖõåõ¡ ÏóÚö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó!
Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö (2) æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö áóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÚúÊóÏöáöíäó (3) ãõÊóæóÓøöØöíäó ÕóÇÑóÊö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÊóäúÊóÕöÑõ Èöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáóßöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÞóÇáõæÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò íóËúÈõÊõ (4) ÈöåóÇ ÝóÖúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóíúÓó ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÍõÌøóÉñ ÊóÎõÕøõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÛóíúÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó (5) åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áóÇ íõäóÇáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÞúÈõæáö Ýöí ãóíúÏóÇäö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáúÌöÏóÇáö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 7] ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöÐóáößó (6) ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈó ÊóÎúÕöíÕóåõ ÈöÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¿ .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó (7) ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú ßóÇÝöÑñ.
Þöíáó: Åöäú ËóÈóÊó (8) ßõÝúÑõ ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú ÈöÏóáöíáò¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÛúäöíðÇ áóßõãú Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóØúæöíáö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóãú íóäúÝóÚúßõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ¡ ÝóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõäúÝóÕóáò¡ ÝóÐóÇßó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÞóÊóáõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ã: æóáóßöäú Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
(3) ä¡ Ó: ãõÚúÊóÞöÏöíäó¡ È: ãõÞúÊóÕöÏöíäó.
(4) Ó¡ È: ËóÈóÊó.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóÅöäøó.
(6) ÈöÐóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(7) Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞõáúÊõ.
(8) ã: áóäú íóËúÈõÊó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/261)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäó íõæóÇáöí ÛóíúÑó ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõæóÇáöí ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ßóÇäó íõÌóÇáöÓõåõãú æóíõÝúÊöíåöãú æóíõäóÇÙöÑõåõãú. Ýóáóæö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö åõãõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ áóãú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ. æóßóÐóáößó Èóäõæ ÃõãóíøóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ãõÚóÇãóáóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåö áóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ ßõÝøóÇÑñ (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíúáó: äóÍúäõ áóÇ äõßóÝøöÑõ ãóäú Óöæóì ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ áóßöäú äóÞõæáõ: åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö.
Þöíáó: ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ: åõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ Ãóæú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ: ÝóÇÓöÞñ (2) ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö¡ * æóÅöäú ÏóÎóáó ÇÓúãõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöÝóÇÓöÞò Ýóåõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö * (3) .
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: åõæó ÝóÇÓöÞñ.
Þöíáó áóßõãú: Åöäú ËóÈóÊó ÝöÓúÞõåõãú ßóÝóÇßõãú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö. æóÅöäú áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóãú íóäúÝóÚúßõãú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÐúßõÑõæäó Èöåö ÝöÓúÞó (4) ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÅöáøóÇ æóÊöáúßó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÊõÈóíøöäõ áóßõãú Ãóäøóßõãú Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÝöÓúÞö ãöäúåõãú ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóáóíúÓó áóßõãú ÍõÌøóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ÊóÏúÝóÚõæäó ÈöåóÇ åóÐóÇ.
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(1) ã: íõÄúãöäõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) Ó¡ È: Ãóæú ÝóÇÓöÞñ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ÝöÓúÞó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ Èöåö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/262)
æóÇáúÝöÓúÞõ ÛóÇáöÈñ Úóáóíúßõãú áößóËúÑóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈö (1) Ýöíßõãú æóÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÇáÙøõáúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÃóßúËóÑõ Ýöíßõãú ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÎõÕõæãößõãú. æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÞóáøó ÙõáúãðÇ æóßóÐöÈðÇ æóÝóæóÇÍöÔó ãöãøóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÈößóËöíÑò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÕöÏúÞñ æóÏöíäñ æóÒõåúÏñ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÇáøóÐöíäó Þöíáó Ýöíåöãú: " «íõÍóÞøöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÕóáóÇÊóåõ ãóÚó ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÕöíóÇãóåõ ãóÚó ÕöíóÇãöåöãú¡ æóÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ ãóÚó ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåöãú» " (2) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ýöí äóÇÑö Ìóåóäøóãó ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó åõãú ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 6] Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 7] . æóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú Óöæóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóÝöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóæóÇÖöÚõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÐõßöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö¡ æóßõáøõåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ. ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áöÊóÎúÕöíÕö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ïõæäó äóÙóÇÆöÑöåóÇ¿ .
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóÚúæóì ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö - Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãú - ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ÇáúßõÝúÑó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú¡ ßóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúÌóåóãöíøóÉö¡ [æó] Ãóäøóåõãú (3) åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö Ïõæäó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: {áóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì Êöáúßó ÃóãóÇäöíøõåõãú Þõáú åóÇÊõæÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó - Èóáóì ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÌúåóåõ áöáøóåö æóåõæó ãõÍúÓöäñ Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåö æóáóÇ ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ åõãú íóÍúÒóäõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 111 - 112] . æóåóÐóÇ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóäú Úóãöáó
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/68¡ 5/46
(3) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Ãóäøóåõãú¡ æóÒöÏúÊõ ÇáúæóÇæó áöÊóÓúÊóÞöíãó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ.(7/263)
áöáøóåö ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ åõæó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöÓúáóÇãõ æóÌúåöåö áöáøóåö ÅöÎúáóÇÕõ ÞóÕúÏöåö áöáøóåö (1) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÑÇÈÚ æÇáËáÇËæä " æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ äóÓóÈðÇ æóÕöåúÑðÇ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ äóÓóÈðÇ æóÕöåúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 54] æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ÞóÇáó: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (3) : ÒóæøóÌó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÚóáöíøðÇ (4) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ äóÓóÈðÇ æóÕöåúÑðÇ (5) ¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó " (6) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö.
æóËóÇäöíðÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò.
æóËóÇáöËðÇ: Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö¡ æóåöíó ãóßøöíøóÉñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúãóßøöíøóÉö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÞóÏú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ¿ .
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÅöÎúáóÇÕõ æóÌúåöåö.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 164 (ã) .
(3) ß: Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(4) ß: ÅöÐóÇ (æóÝóæúÞóåóÇ ßõÊöÈóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÖöÍóÉò) ÒóæøóÌó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (ß) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: Ãóíú ÝóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉó ÞöÓúãóíúäö: Ýöí äöÓúÈóÉò ÐõßõæÑðÇ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÕöåúÑðÇ¡ Ãóíú ÅöäóÇËðÇ íõÕóÇåóÑõ Èöåöäøó¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÈøõßó ÞóÏöíÑðÇ¡ íóÎúáõÞõ ãöäó ÇáäøõØúÝóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö ÐóßóÑðÇ æóÃõäúËóì.
(6) ß: ÝóßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(7/264)
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ãõØúáóÞóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö äóÓóÈò æóÕöåúÑò (1) ¡ áóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó áóåóÇ ÈöÔóÎúÕò Ïõæäó ÔóÎúÕò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó (2) ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãõÕóÇåóÑóÊóåõ áöÚóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãõÕóÇåóÑóÊóåõ áöÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãõÕóÇåóÑóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÒóæøõÌó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈöäúÊó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÍóÝúÕóÉó ÈöäúÊó ÚõãóÑó - ãöäú ÃóÈóæóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÒóæøóÌó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÑõÞóíøóÉó¡ æóÃõãøó ßõáúËõæãò ÈöäúÊóíúåö¡ æóÒóæøóÌó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÝóÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉõ (3) ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö. æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ËóÇáöËóÉñ áóÒóæøóÌúäóÇåóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó» " (4) æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ Èóíúäó Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú ÊõæÌöÈó ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ æóÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÝõÑöÖó Ãóäøóåõ ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó ãõÕóÇåóÑóÉõ * Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉö áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö [Ãóåúáö] (5) ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉó * (6) ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ áößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉõ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉó áóáóÒöãó ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖó.
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(1) íóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÉö: æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ Ãóíú: ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãöäú äõØúÝóÉò ÖóÚöíÝóÉò ÝóÓóæøóÇåõ æóÚóÏóáóåõ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ßóÇãöáó ÇáúÎöáúÞóÉö ÐóßóÑðÇ æóÃõäúËóì ßóãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ äóÓóÈðÇ æóÕöåúÑðÇ Ýóåõæó Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÃóãúÑöåö æóáóÏñ äóÓöíÈñ¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÒóæøóÌõ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ÕöåúÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóÕöíÑõ áóåõ ÃóÕúåóÇÑñ æóÃõÎúÊóÇäñ æóÞõÑóÇÈóÇÊñ¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÇÁò ãóåöíäò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóßóÇäó ÑóÈøõßó ÞóÏöíÑðÇ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇáúãõÕóÇåóÑóÉõ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/14
(5) Ãóåúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(6) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã(7/265)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÎÇãÓ æÇáËáÇËæä " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 119] ÃóæúÌóÈó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ Çáúßóæúäó ãóÚó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áöÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÚóáöíøðÇ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÓöæóÇåõ. æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÕöÏøöíÞò ÕóÇÏöÞñ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÕóÇÏöÞò ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ. æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏøöíÞñ ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú ÊóÊóäóÇæóáóåõ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÞóØúÚðÇ æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ãóÚóåõ¡ Èóáú ÊóäóÇæõáõåóÇ áóåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóäóÇæõáöåóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãóÚóåõ ãõÞöÑøöíäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú äõÞöÑøó ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Ïõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö ãóØúáõæÈöåöãú.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ¡ ÝóÇáúßóæúäõ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó Çáúßóæúäö ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÕöÏøöíÞò. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ ÝóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÕöÏøöíÞõæäó¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÕöÏøöíÞöíäó¡ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáöíøñ ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 164 (ã) .(7/266)
ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóÇ Èößóæúäöåö ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ Çáúßóæúäõ ãóÚó æóÇÍöÏò Ïõæäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. Èóáú áóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖó áóßóÇäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÚóÏóÏðÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóåõãú Ãóßúãóáõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÏúÞö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò áóãøóÇ ÊóÎóáøóÝó Úóäú ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóÕóÏóÞó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÚõÐúÑñ¡ æóÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÈóÑóßóÉö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóßóÇäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóäú íóÚúÊóÐöÑó æóíóßúÐöÈó¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÐóÑó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóßóÐóÈõæÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (1) æóßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóíúåö (2) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áöÚóáöíøò ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò: " ÝóÞóÇãó Åöáóíøó ØóáúÍóÉõ íõåóÑúæöáõ ÝóÚóÇäóÞóäöí¡ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÞóÇãó Åöáóíøó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÛóíúÑõåõ " (3) ÝóßóÇäó ßóÚúÈñ áóÇ íóäúÓóÇåóÇ áöØóáúÍóÉó. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÈóØóáó ÍóãúáõåóÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ áóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ. ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÑóÇÏó {ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} æóáóãú íõÔúÊóÑóØú ßóæúäõåõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} æóåóÐöåö ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó æóÍúÏóåõ.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó: ßõæäõæÇ ãóÚóåõãú Ýöí
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(1) ä: æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÊóíúäö 118¡ 119 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö áöÍóÏöíËö ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÍóÏöíËõ ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/433.(7/267)
ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÊóæóÇÈöÚöåö¡ ÝóÇÕúÏõÞõæÇ ßóãóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó. ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇÑúßóÚõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 43] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãóäú íõØöÚö Çááøóåó æóÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 69] ¡ æóßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ãóÚó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÓóæúÝó íõÄúÊö Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 146] .
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö: ßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÚóáøóÞú (1) ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÈóÇØöáñ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö¡ ßóÇáúÃóßúáö æóÇáÔøõÑúÈö æóÇááøöÈóÇÓö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ (2) ÈöÇáúßóæúäö ãóÚó ÔóÎúÕò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ: ÇÕúÏõÞõæÇ æóáóÇ ÊóßúÐöÈõæÇ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÈöÑøó (3) íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÕúÏõÞõ æóíóÊóÍóÑøóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞó ÍóÊøóì íõßúÊóÈó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ. æóÅöíøóÇßó æóÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÝõÌõæÑö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÝõÌõæÑó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóßúÐöÈõ æóíóÊóÍóÑøóì ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÍóÊøóì íõßúÊóÈó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ» " (4) .
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(1) ã: áóæú íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ¡ Ó: ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ; È: ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑðÇ.
(3) Ó: Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ È: æóÇáúÈöÑøõ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/266(7/268)
æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ßõäú ãóÚó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ßõäú ãóÚó ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑö. Ãóíö ÇÏúÎõáú ãóÚóåõãú (1) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝö æóÌóÇãöÚúåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ: Ãóäøóßó ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó: ßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ ßóÞóæúáö (2) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö» " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóåóÐóÇ æóÕúÝñ ËóÇÈöÊñ áößõáøö ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó Èöåö.
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: ãóÚó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {æóÃóÔúåöÏõæÇ Ðóæóíú ÚóÏúáò ãöäúßõãú æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó áöáøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: 2] áóãú íóÞõáú: ãóäú ÚóáöãúÊõãú Ãóäøóåõãú Ðóæõæ ÚóÏúáò ãöäúßõãú. æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúãõÑõßõãú Ãóäú ÊõÄóÏøõæÇ ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÇÊö Åöáóì ÃóåúáöåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 58] áóãú íóÞõáú: Åöáóì ãóäú ÚóáöãúÊõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóåúáõåóÇ. æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóßóãúÊõãú Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäú ÊóÍúßõãõæÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 58] áóãú íóÞõáú: ÈöãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÏúáñ¡ áóßöäú ÚóáøóÞó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÇáúæóÕúÝö.
æóäóÍúäõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ æóáóÓúäóÇ ãõßóáøóÝöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÛóíúÈö. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ (3) æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúÖöí ÈöäóÍúæò ãöãøóÇ (4) ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÖóíúÊõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÃóÎöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÃúÎõÐúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúØóÚõ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» (5) .
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(1) ãóÚóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) È: áöÞóæúáö.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/412(7/269)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó: ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ßóÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÅöäú ÚóáöãúÊõãõæåõäøó ãõÄúãöäóÇÊò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 10] æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÃóÎúÝóì ãöäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØõ åõäóÇßó íõãúÊóäóÚõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: áóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ßóÐóáößó åõäóÇ íõãúÊóäóÚõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö (1) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: åóÈú (2) Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó: ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÕöÏúÞóåõ¡ áóßöäú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóäóÍúæóåõãú ãöãøóäú Úõáöãó ÕöÏúÞõåõãú¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÎóØóÃõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÃóÚúÙóãõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÑöÏõ ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÑúÓóáñ (3) . æóäóÍúäõ ÞóÏú äóÚúáóãõ íóÞöíäðÇ Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÈöÍóÇáò. æóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÅöáøóÇ Úóãøóäú íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÈóÑúÊóåõ ÊóíóÞøóäúÊó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÎúØöÆõ æóíõÐúäöÈõ ÐõäõæÈðÇ ÃõÎúÑóì. æóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏó ÇáúßóÐöÈó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó áóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ãöËúáó ãóÇáößò¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö
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(1) ã: ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ.
(2) åóÈú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.(7/270)
ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÃóÈóì ÓóÚöíÏò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¿ .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö: ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö (1) Úóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö íóÏøóÚõæäó Ýöí ÔõíõæÎöåöãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÅöäú ÛóíøóÑõæÇ ÚöÈóÇÑóÊóåõ. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú ãóÚó ËõÈõæÊö ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÅöãøóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚö æóÅöãøóÇ ËõÈõæÊõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÏÓ æÇáËáÇËæä " æóÇÑúßóÚõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÑúßóÚõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 43] ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò «Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ (3) -: ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáöíøò ÎóÇÕøóÉð» (4) ¡ æóåõãóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Õóáøóì æóÑóßóÚó. æóåóÐóÇ (5) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÊöåö (6) ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ".
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(1) ä: Úóáóì ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Úóäú ÛóíúÑö. . .¡ ã: Úóáóì ÃóÔúíóÇÁó Úóäú ÛóíúÑö. . .¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 165 (ã) .
(3) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ó) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(4) ß: Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÚóáöíøò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÎóÇÕøóÉð.
(5) ß: æóåõæó.
(6) ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö.(7/271)
ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÕöÍøóÉó åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóåöíó ãóÏóäöíøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ÓöíóÇÞö ãõÎóÇØóÈóÉò áöÈóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ áóåõãú (1) ¡ Ãóæú áóåõãú æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (2) ¡ Ýóåõæó ÎöØóÇÈñ ÃõäúÒöáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóËõÑó ÇáúãõÕóáøõæäó æóÇáÑøóÇßöÚõæäó¡ æóáóãú ÊóäúÒöáú Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöÃóæøóáö ãóäú Õóáøóì æóÑóßóÚó.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò¡ æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáöíøñ ; áóÞöíáó ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚóíúäö¡ ÈöÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉö. æóÕöíÛóÉõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö áóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÇËúäóÇäö ÝóÞóØú ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Èóáú ÅöãøóÇ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáöÇËúäóÇäö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóÞóØú ÝóÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöãóÑúíóãó: {ÇÞúäõÊöí áöÑóÈøößö æóÇÓúÌõÏöí æóÇÑúßóÚöí ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 43] æóãóÑúíóãõ ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ (3) ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑóÇßöÚõæäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (4) ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑóÇßöÚõæäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú Úóáöíøñ æóÕöíÛóÉõ ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¿ .
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(1) (1) ã: áóåõ.
(2) (2) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/572 áöáúÂíóÉö¡ {æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÇÑúßóÚõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} ¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 43 " æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò: ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó ÃóÍúÈóÇÑó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúãõÑõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÅöÞóÇãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÅöíÊóÇÁö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÅöÞóÇãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞöíäó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò æóÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö¡ æóÅöíÊóÇÁö ÒóßóÇÉö ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóÃóäú íóÎúÖóÚõæÇ áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö ßóãóÇ ÎóÖóÚõæÇ " æóÇäúÙõÑú 1/575¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/272)
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ãõØúáóÞóÉñ áóÇ ÊóÎõÕøõ ÔóÎúÕðÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ Èóáú ÃõãöÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ãóÚó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó. æóÞöíáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö (1) ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóßúÚóÉó áóÇ ÊõÏúÑóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÇáÑøõßõæÚö.
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáÑøõßõæÚó (2) ãóÚóåõãóÇ áóÇ äóÞúØóÚõ ÍõßúãóåóÇ ÈöãóæúÊöåöãóÇ (3) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Ãóäú íóÑúßóÚó ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó.
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: [Úóáöíøñ] (4) Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Õóáøóì ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö (5) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóãúäõæÚñ. Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Õóáøóì ÞóÈúáóåõ (6) .
ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÃóãúÑðÇ ÈöÇáÑøõßõæÚö ãóÚóåõ¡ áóãú íóÏõáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÑóßóÚó ãóÚóåõ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóÇäó íóÑúßóÚõ ãóÚóåõ.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÈÚ æÇáËáÇËæä " æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (7) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 29] ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Úóäö
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(1) Ó¡ È: ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö.
(2) ã: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÑøõßõæÚó.
(3) ã: ÍõßúãóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÈöãóæúÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Úóáöíøñ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) .
(5) ã: ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö.
(6) Ó¡ È: ÎóáúÝóåõ.
(7) Ýöí (ß) Õ 165 (ã) .(7/273)
ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöíóÏö Úóáöíøò æóÈöíóÏöí æóäóÍúäõ ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÕóáøóì ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÑóßóÚóÇÊò¡ æóÑóÝóÚó (1) íóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó¡ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÓóÃóáóßó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÈöíøõßó ÃóÓúÃóáõßó Ãóäú ÊóÔúÑóÍó áöí ÕóÏúÑöí¡ æóÊóÍúáõáú (2) ÚõÞúÏóÉð ãöäú áöÓóÇäöí íóÝúÞóåõæÇ Þóæúáöí¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí¡ Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÃóÎöí¡ ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÃóÒúÑöí æóÃóÔúÑößúåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöí. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ (3) ãõäóÇÏöíðÇ íõäóÇÏöí: íóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíÊó (4) ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊó» . æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÃóæøóáðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ (5) ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (6) ¡ Èóáú åõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÌö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö áóãú íóßõäö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÏú æõáöÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò (7) æõáöÏó æóÈóäõæ åóÇÔöãò Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÈö
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(1) ß: Ëõãøó ÑóÝóÚó.
(2) È: æóÊóÍõáøó.
(3) ß: ÝóÓóãöÚúÊõ.
(4) ß: ÃõæíÊó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(6) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó¡ æóáóßöäú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÏøõÑøö ÇáúãóäúËõæÑö " 4/295 ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáØøõíõæÑöíøóÇÊö " ÈöÓóäóÏò æóÇåò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí åóÇÑõæäó ÃóÎöí ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÃóÒúÑöí ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÌóÈóáò Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇ ÑóÈøóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúÏõÏú ÃóÒúÑöí ÈöÃóÎöí Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó.
(7) ã: æóÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò.(7/274)
ãóÍúÕõæÑõæäó¡ æóáóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóßõäö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈóáóÛó Óöäøó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ æóíõÕóáøöí (1) [ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (2) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇÊó (3) æóåõæó áóãú íóÍúÊóáöãú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóßóÇäó (4) áóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö äóÍúæõ ÎóãúÓö Óöäöíäó Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöæõÖõæÁò æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ãõÑõæåõãú ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÓóÈúÚò¡ æóÇÖúÑöÈõæåõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöÚóÔúÑò¡ æóÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÖóÇÌöÚö» " (5) æóãóäú íóßõæäõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöäøö áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóáúÞöíäò¡ áóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãõæÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 55] . æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞö ÈöÇáúÎóÇÊóãö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÏóÚóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö. æóåõäóÇ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó Êöáúßó (6) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ÈöÓöäöíäó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó Êöáúßó (7) ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉõ ãöäú ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö äõÒõæáðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ãóßøóÉó. ÝóÅöÐóÇ (8) ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ãóßøóÉó æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊõÌöíÈó áóåõ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Èöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (9) ÈöÓöäöíäó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¿ .
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(1) È: æóáóÇ íõÕóáøöí.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) ãóÇÊó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóßóÇäó.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/45
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: åóÐöåö.
(7) Êöáúßó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(8) ã: æóÅöÐóÇ.
(9) ã: ÈöÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/275)
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÃóäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó (1) æõÌõæåðÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð Ýöí ÈõØúáóÇäö ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóáóßöäú åõäóÇ ÞóÏú ÒóÇÏõæÇ Ýöíåö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò (2) ßóËöíÑóÉð áóãú íóÐúßõÑõæåóÇ åõäóÇßó¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÃóÔúÑößúåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øóåó: 32] ÝóÕóÑøóÍõæÇ (3) åõäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÔóÑöíßóåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÇÑõæäõ ÔóÑöíßó ãõæÓóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöäõÈõæøóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõÝúÑñ ÕóÑöíÍñ¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó Þóæúáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö.
æóáóíúÓó ÇáÔøóÑöíßõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö åõæó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóãõÔóÇÑóßóÊóåõ áóåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íõßóÝøöÑõæäó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåö áóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ áóßöäøóåõãú íõßóËøöÑõæäó ÓóæóÇÏóåóãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇáö æóÇáÑøöÌóÇáö Èöãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ýöíåö (4) ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáÖøóáóÇáó¡ æóÈöãóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö ; áöÝóÑúØö ãõäóÇÈóÐóÊöåöãú áöáÏøöíäö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåöãú áöÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÈõÛúÖöåöãú áöÎöíóÇÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú Ýöíåöãú Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó. Ýóåõãú ßóãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáúãóËóáö: " ÑóãóÊúäöí ÈöÏóÇÆöåóÇ æóÇäúÓóáøóÊú ".
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ íóÞõæáõ: " æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: íóÇ ÏóÈöíÑõ åóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÔóÑöíßõåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÇÑõæäõ ÔóÑöíßðÇ áöãõæÓóì. Ýóåóáú ÊóÞõæáõ ÈöãõæÌóÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö¿ Ãóãú ÊóÑúÌöÚõ Úóäö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöíäó¡ æóÊõÑøóåóÇÊö ÅöÎúæóÇäößó ÇáúãõÈúØöáöíäó¿ .
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(1) ã: ÝöíãóÇ åõäóÇßó ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÒöíóÇÏóÉð.
(3) ã: æóÕóÑøóÍõæÇ.
(4) Ýöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/276)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇãä æÇáËáÇËæä " ÅöÎúæóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÓõÑõÑò ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÎúæóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÓõÑõÑò ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 47] ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó (2) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì ÞóÇáó: «ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÓúÌöÏóåõ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÞöÕøóÉó ãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö (3) ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: áóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈóÊú (5) ÑõæÍöí¡ æóÇäúÞóØóÚó ÙóåúÑöí¡ Íöíäó ÝóÚóáúÊó ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÓõÎúØö Çááøóåö Úóáóíøó (7) ¡ Ýóáóßó ÇáúÚõÞúÈóì (8) æóÇáúßóÑóÇãóÉõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: æóÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËóäöí ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö äóÈöíøðÇ¡ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõßó (9) áóÇ áöäóÝúÓöí¡ ÝóÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí (10) ¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ [0 - 9] 65 (ã) 166 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãõÖúØóÑöÈóÉñ åóßóÐóÇ: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÓúÌöÏóåõ ÝóÐóßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÞöÕøóÉó ãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö. . . ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ß: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÃóÐúåóÈúÊó.
(6) ß: Íöíäó ÝóÚóáúÊó ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊó ÛóíúÑöí.
(7) ß: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõäúßóÑðÇ ãöäú ÓõÎúØò Úóáóíøó.
(8) ß (Õ 166 ã) : ÇáúÚõÊúÈóì.
(9) ß: ãóÇ ÃóÎøóÑúÊõßó.
(10)) Ó¡ È: ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí.(7/277)
æóæóÇÑöËöí (1) ¡ æóÃóäúÊó ãóÚöí Ýöí ÞóÕúÑöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóãóÚó ÇÈúäóÊöí ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÝóÃóäúÊó (2) ÃóÎöí æóÑóÝöíÞöí. Ëõãøó ÊóáóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: {ÅöÎúæóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÓõÑõÑò ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáöíäó} » ¡ ÇáúãõÊóÍóÇÈøöíäó Ýöí Çááøóåö íóäúÙõÑõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖò. æóÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ ÊóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉó æóÇáúãõÔóÇßóáóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÎúÊõÕøó Úóáöíøñ ÈöãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (3) - ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö. æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ [ÞóØøõ] (4) áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóáóÇ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö (5) " æóáóÇ ÇÈúäõåõ (6) . ÝóÞóæúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó " (7) ßóÐöÈñ æóÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö * ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ * (8) Úóäú (9) ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÐøóÇÑöÚõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóÚúäò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì (10) .
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(1) ã: æóÞóÇÑöäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ß: æóÃóäúÊó.
(3) ß: ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(4) ÞóØøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) Ó: æóáóÇ åõæó Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ".
(6) ã: æóáóÇ äóÇÆöÈõåõ¡ Ó: æóáóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊóåõ.
(7) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÝöí Ó¡ È: Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(9) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " 2/638 - 639 ÑóÞúãõ 1085
(10) Êóßóáøóãó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóäóÏö 1/525 (ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóÞúãõ 871) Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÃóÌúáö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò " æóÐóßóÑó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó 1/525 " æóÝöíåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ¡ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: áóÇ íõÊóÇÈóÚõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏö Ýöí ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö. ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúßóÈöíÑó 3 2/117¡ ÇáÏøöíæóÇäó Õ 202 ÇáúãöíÒóÇäó 2/670 ÇááøöÓóÇäó 4/76.(7/278)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö: «æóÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí æóæóÇÑöËöí. ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÃóÑöËõ ãöäúßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ æõÑöËó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáöí. ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ æõÑöËó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó¿ ÞóÇáó: ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö æóÓõäøóÉõ äóÈöíøöåöãú» (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãõÙúáöãñ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó (2) Èöåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍöíäó¡ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò (3) Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ãóÚúäò¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÑöí ãóäú åõæó¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊóáóÞóåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó¡ æóåõæó ãóÌúåõæáñ¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö (4) Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: [Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ] (5) ãóßúÐõæÈñ ãõÝúÊóÑðì ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãóÚó ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãóÚó ÈóÚúÖò¡ ßõáøõåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ. æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÄóÇÎö ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò æóãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò¡ áóßöäú ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÓóáúãóÇäó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ æóÈóíúäó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÓóåúáö Èúäö ÍõäóíúÝò.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 2/639
(2) ã: áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó.
(3) ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö " ã [0 - 9] Þ [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 6 æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò " ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ".
(4) Ó¡ È: íóÒöíÏó.
(5) Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ æóÝöí (È) : Ãóäøóåõ.(7/279)
æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ Ýöí ÏõæÑö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÐóáößó ÃóäóÓñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ áóãú Êóßõäú Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÏóÇÑò ßóÇäó áöÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö (1) ¡ æóÈóäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóÍöáøóÊöåöãú. ÝóÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ ÃóäóÓñ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóáö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊñ áöÃóäóÓò: «ÃõÈúáöÛóÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ÍöáúÝó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ÞóÏú ÍóÇáóÝó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóíúäó ÞõÑóíúÔò æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöí ÏóÇÑöí» (2) .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: «ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí æóæóÇÑöËöí» ¡ ÈóÇØöáñ Úóáóì Þóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ãöíÑóÇËó ÇáúãóÇáö ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÑöËóÊúåõ. æóßóíúÝó íóÑöËõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóãøö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÚóãøö æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¿ æóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÕøóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÑúËö Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí ÇáúÚóãøö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¿ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó (3) : æóÇÑöËó (4) ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ ÈóØóáó ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõåõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóæóÑöËó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ ÏóÇæõÏó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 16] æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóåóÈú áöí ãöäú áóÏõäúßó æóáöíøðÇ - íóÑöËõäöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 5¡ 6] ;
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóãóÓúÌöÏõåõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/96 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúßóÝóÇáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÞóÏóÊú ÃóíúãóÇäõßõãú. . .) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÇÕöãñ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÃóÈóáóÛóßó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÍöáúÝó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÍóÇáóÝó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäó ÞõÑóíúÔò æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöí ÏóÇÑöí ". æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1960 " ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/178 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ ÈóÇÈñ: Ýöí ÇáúÍöáúÝö) ¡ æóÝöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
(3) ã: æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó.
(4) Ó¡ È: ÅöÑúËõ.(7/280)
ÅöÐú áóÝúÙõ " ÇáúÅöÑúËö " ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍúÊóãöáðÇ áöåóÐóÇ æóáöåóÐóÇ (1) Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäøó [ÃõæáóÆößó] (2) ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó æõÑöËõæÇ ßóãóÇ æóÑöËó Úóáöíøñ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ãóÇ æóÑøóËóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö áóãú íõÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ¡ Èóáú ßõáøñ (3) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÍóÕóáó áóåõ äóÕöíÈñ ÈöÍóÓóÈöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ßóÇáúãóÇáö¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÑöËõåõ åóÐóÇ íóÑöËõåõ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ íóÊóÒóÇÍóãóÇäö (4) ; ÅöÐú áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó åóÐóÇ ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ åóÐóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎóÐóåõ åóÐóÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉó áöÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ «ÞóÇáó áöÒóíúÏò: " ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎõæäóÇ æóãóæúáóÇäóÇ» (5) . «æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãøóÇ ÎóØóÈó ÇÈúäóÊóåõ: ÃóáóÓúÊó ÃóÎöí¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóäóÇ ÃóÎõæßó¡ æóÈöäúÊõßó ÍóáóÇáñ áöí» (6) . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: " «æóáóßöäú ÃõÎõæøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö» " (7) .
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(1) ã: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÑúËó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÊóÍóãøóáõ áöåóÐóÇ æóáöåóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÃõæáóÆößó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) ã: ßóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ã: æóáóÇ íóÊóÑóÍøóãóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/34 æóÓóíóÑöÏõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 7/5 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÒúæöíÌö ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóØóÈó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÃóÎõæßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí Ýöí Ïöíäö Çááøóåö æóßöÊöÇÈöåö¡ æóåöíó áöí ÍóáóÇáñ) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí " 9/124: " Åöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕõæÑóÉõ ÓöíóÇÞöåö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáó Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÚõÑúæóÉó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉò æóÞóÚóÊú áöÎóÇáóÊöåö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÌóÏøöåö áöÃõãøöåö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Íóãóáó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÎóÇáóÊöåö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãóæú Úóäú Ãõãøöåö ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ".
(7) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/20(7/281)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ (1) : " «æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÅöÎúæóÇäöí ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóæóáóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ¡ ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ æóáóßöäøó ÅöÎúæóÇäöí Þóæúãñ íóÃúÊõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí íõÄúãöäõæäó Èöí æóáóãú íóÑóæúäöí " (2) íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäúÊõãú áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó áóåõãú ÃõÎõæøóÉñ ÈöáóÇ ÕõÍúÈóÉò» .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöÎúæóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 10] æóÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ ÊóÞóÇØóÚõæÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÏóÇÈóÑõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÈóÇÛóÖõæÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÍóÇÓóÏõæÇ¡ æóßõæäõæÇ ÚöÈóÇÏó Çááøóåö ÅöÎúæóÇäðÇ» ) ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (3) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÃóÎõæ ÇáúãõÓúáöãö áóÇ íóÙúáöãõåõ æóáóÇ íõÓúáöãõåõ» " (4) ..
æóÞóÇáó: " «æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö ; áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÍóÊøóì íõÍöÈøó áöÃóÎöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö» " (5) .
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(1) (1) ä¡ ã: ÞóÇáó æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ó: ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ È: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 7/77
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/19¡ 21 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍóÇÓõÏö æóÇáÊøóÏóÇÈõÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÞóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöÑóÌõáò Ãóäú íóåúÌõÑó ÃóÎóÇåõ ÝóæúÞó ËóáóÇËò) . ãõÓúáöãñ 4/1983 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÊøóÍóÇÓõÏö æóÇáÊøóÈóÇÛõÖö) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/19 (ÇáúãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ãõÓúáöãñ) 4/1985 - 1986 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÙøóäøö æóÇáÊøóÌóÓøõÓö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/383 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöíãóäú íóåúÌõÑõ ÃóÎóÇåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãó) ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö.
(4) ã: æóáóÇ íóÔúÊõãõåõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/22 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö¡ ÈóÇÈõ íóãöíäö ÇáÑøóÌõáö áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎõæåõ) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/1996 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÙøõáúãö) Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/376 - 377 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 8/46
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/12 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ãóäú íõÍöÈøó áöÃóÎöíåö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: " áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú. . . " ãõÓúáöãò 1/67 - 68 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãöäú ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/26 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö " 3/176¡ 206¡ 251(7/282)
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ãõØúáóÞó ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí (1) ÇáÊøóãóÇËõáó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉó æóÇáúãõÔóÇßóáóÉó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò (2) ÇáúæõÌõæåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó Ýóáöãó Þöíáó: Åöäøó ãõÄóÇÎóÇÉó Úóáöíøò áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð ÇÞúÊóÖóÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó æóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉó ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ¿ æóËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú Îóáöíáõ Çááøóåö. áóÇ íóÈúÞóíóäøó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÎóæúÎóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÓõÏøóÊú¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóæúÎóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò» " (3) .
æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÎóÕóÇÆöÕó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áóÇ íõÔúÑößõåõ (4) ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ [ÛóíúÑõåõ] (5) ¡ æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóäú åõæó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãóäúÒöáóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÑúÝóÚó ÏóÑóÌóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
* ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: Þöíáó áóåõ: [ «Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ". Þöíáó: æóãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÈõæåóÇ» " (6) . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú ÚõãóÑó
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(1) Ó¡ È: áóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí.
(2) ä: ßõáøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512
(4) ã: áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ¡ ä: áóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.
(5) ÛóíúÑõåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(6) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/303(7/283)
Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ æóÎóíúÑõäóÇ æóÃóÍóÈøõäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» - (1) . ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí] * (2) (3) ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ æóÊóáóÞøöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ (3 æóáóãú íóÞúÏóÍú ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö (4) ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö æóÃóÚúáóì ÚöäúÏöåö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö 3) (5) .
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ Ïõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö áóãú ÊõÚóÇÑöÖúåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÚúáóì ßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÏõæäö åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö.
áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉó ÊõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ÞóÏúÑðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäúåõ æóãöäú ßóáøö (6) ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÔóæóÇåöÏõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ (7) .
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÈöÖúÚóÉñ æóËóãóÇäõæäó äóÝúÓðÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÎóíúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó ". ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - (8) . æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíÞõ ÈöÚóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúáóãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÍóÞøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÚúÑóÝöåöãú ÈöãóßóÇäöåöãóÇ (9) ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÍõÓúäö ÊóÃúËöíÑöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ Êóãóäøóì Ãóäú íóáúÞóì Çááøóåó ÈöãöËúáö Úóãóáö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó -.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/518
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí. . .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) (3 - 3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóßõáøö.
(7) ã: æóÔóæóÇåöÏõåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ.
(8) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1¡ 12¡ 2/72
(9) ã: ÈöãóßóÇäöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/284)
æóÑóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ - æóÛóíúÑõåõ - ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «åóÐóÇäö ÓóíøöÏóÇ ßõåõæáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó¡ áóÇ ÊõÎúÈöÑúåõãóÇ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ» " (1) ..
æóåóÐóÇ (2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ áóæú ÚõæÑöÖó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáØøóíúÑö æóäóÍúæõåõ ; áóßóÇäóÊú ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÕóÍøó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÖóãøó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¿ ãóÚó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌöÈõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ áöãóäú ÚóáöãóåóÇ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÝúÖóáó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåö ÃóÚúáóãó ßóÇäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÑóÝó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ Ýöíåö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉó ãöäó ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö ; ÝóÃóãøóÇ (3) Ãóäú íõÕóÏøóÞó Çáúßõáøõ Ãóæú íõÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöí Çáúßõáøö.
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(1) Ñóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóÑøóÊóíúäö - ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò - 5/272 - 273 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ: 53) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: (åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãõæóÞøöÑöíøõ íõÖóÚøóÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóãú íóÓúãóÚú Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ãöäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ Ýóáóãú íóÊóßóáøóãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó 5/272 - 273 æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö "¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 2/37 - 38 ÑóÞúãõ 602 æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ 4: 310 æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú 1: 25 - 26 ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö ÂÎóÑóíúäö ÖóÚöíÝóíúäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú Úóæúäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÌõÍóíúÝóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/387 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÖúáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 6/75 æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÌúãóÚó ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö áöáúåóíúËóãöíøö 9/53
(2) È: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(3) ã: æóÅöãøóÇ.(7/285)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Ýöíåö ÝóíóÚúáóãõæäó åóÐóÇ ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ. ÏóÚú åóÐóÇ ; ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áöÓóÇäõ ÕöÏúÞò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöåóÇ æóÚõÈøóÇÏöåóÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó (1) Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: " áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " (2) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝú ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÏóÇæõÏó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöìøö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÇááøóíúËö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóÈöí ËóæúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÄúÈóåõ áóåõ (3) æóáóÇ íõáúÊóÝóÊõ Åöáóíúåö.
æóãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõ ãóäú äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó äöÒóÇÚñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö Íóíøò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö. æóáóæú ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ Úóäúåõ áóãú íõÞúÏóÍú ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ (4) ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó ÕóÇáöÍò áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÐóßóÑó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÅöãóÇãò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÈöãõäúßöÑò.
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÅöãóÇãñ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú Úõáõæãö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóÇ Úöáúãö
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(1) ã: íóÊøóÝöÞõæäó.
(2) ÓóÊóÑöÏõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö¡ Õ 368 - 369 ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí ÚóáóíúåóÇ åõäóÇßó.
(3) ã: ãóäú áóÇ íóËöÞõ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.(7/286)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóáóÇ ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóáóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Èóáú ÔõíõæÎõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÅöãøóÇ ÌóÇåöáñ æóÅöãøóÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ¡ ßóÔõíõæÎö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
Èóáö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó (1) ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÑóÛúÈóÉð æóáóÇ ÑóåúÈóÉð¡ Èóáú ãóÚó ÊóÈóÇíõäö ÂÑóÇÆöåöãú æóÃóåúæóÇÆöåöãú æóÚõáõæãöåöãú¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝóÇÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåóãú¡ ßóãóÇáößö Èúäö ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäö ÇáúãóÇÌöÔõæäö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
æóãóÇáößñ íóÍúßöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóãøóäú áóÞöíóåõ Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. æóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÓóÚúÏö (2) Èúäö ÓóÇáöãò æóãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò (3) ¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÔóÑöíßö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÏóÇÑõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ (4) íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÞóÏøóãó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãóÇ ÃóÑóì Ãóäú íóÕúÚóÏó áóåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö Úóãóáñ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö (5) .
æóÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò æóÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡
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(1) Ó: ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ È: æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÓóÚöíÏö.
(3) ã: Èúäö ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò.
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(5) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/288 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ãöäúåõãóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóØøóÃó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇåõ íóÑúÊóÝöÚõ áóåõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Úóãóáñ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö "(7/287)
æóÇááøóíúËõ¡ æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö (1) . æóÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöÕúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ãöËúáõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ æóæóßöíÚö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ æóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóãöËúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóãöËúáõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö¡ æóãöËúáõ ÇáúÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò æóÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÇäöíøö æóãóÚúÑõæÝò ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö¡ æóÇáÓøóÑöíøö ÇáÓøóÞóØöíøö æóÇáúÌõäóíúÏö æóÓóåúáö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÊøõÓúÊóÑöíøö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ãöãøóäú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áöÓóÇäõ ÕöÏúÞò¡ ßõáøõåõãú íóÌúÒöãõæäó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌúÒöãõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ¡ ãóÚó ÝóÑúØö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú Ýöí ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö. Ýóåóáú íõæÌöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Úóáöãõæåõ ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãöåö åõæó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÊóÝúÖöíáöåö áóåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÊÇÓÚ æÇáËáÇËæä " æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú æóÃóÔúåóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) .: " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú æóÃóÔúåóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì ÔóåöÏúäóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÛóÇÝöáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 172] (3) Ýöí (4) . ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö "
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(1) ã: æóÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 166 (ã)
(3) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö (. . . ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú) ¡ æóåöíó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ¡ æóÝöí (ß) ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú. . .¡ ÇáúÂíóÉó. .¡ æóÝöí (ã) : ". . ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú æóÃóÔúåóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú. . . ÇáúÂíóÉó. .
(4) ß: ãöäú(7/288)
áöÇÈúäö ÔöíÑóæóíúåö íóÑúÝóÚõåõ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «áóæú íóÚúáóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóÊóì Óõãøöíó Úóáöíøñ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ÝóÖúáóåõ¡ Óõãøöíó ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÂÏóãõ Èóíúäó ÇáÑøõæÍö æóÇáúÌóÓóÏö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú æóÃóÔúåóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 172] (1) . ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: Èóáóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì - ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãú¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÈöíøõßõãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóãöíÑõßõãú» . æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ãóäúÚõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÊóÞúÑöíÑöåóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÕóÇÍöÈö " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö " áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóÇÈúäõ ÔöíÑóæóíúåö ÇáÏøóíúáóãöíøõ ÇáúåóãóÐóÇäöíøõ ÐóßóÑó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÕóÍöíÍóÉð æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÍóÓóäóÉð * æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íóßúÐöÈõ åõæó¡ áóßöäøóåõ äóÞóáó ãóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáúßõÊõÈõ * (2) . ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó (3) . ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÍúÐõæÝóÉó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (4) . .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì ÔóåöÏúäóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) Ó¡ È: ÝóÚóáó¡ ä: æóÝóÚóáó
(4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó(7/289)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì} áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóáóÇ ÇáúÃóãöíÑö¡ æóÝöíåö Þóæúáõåõ: {Ãóæú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßó ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóßõäøóÇ ÐõÑøöíøóÉð ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 173] . ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãöíËóÇÞõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ; áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãöíËóÇÞõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ; ÝóßóíúÝó ãóÇ ÏõæäóåóÇ¿ .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö (1) . æóßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ. æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÐúßõæÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö áóãú íõåúãöáúåõ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóíóäúÝóÑöÏú Èöåö ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ Èóáú íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúãöíËóÇÞó ÃõÎöÐó Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú¡ ãóäú äõæÍò Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóåóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ãóÇÊõæÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¿ .
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåö. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÎõáöÞó ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäú íõÎúáóÞõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöí ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõ. (2) .
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍöãóÇÑó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó ÇáøóÐöí (3) . åõæó ÃóÍúãóÑõ ãöäú ÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú: {ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍõãøöáõæÇ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó Ëõãøó áóãú íóÍúãöáõæåóÇ ßóãóËóáö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö íóÍúãöáõ ÃóÓúÝóÇÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö: 5] . æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ ãóÚúÐõæÑõæäó Ýöí
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(1) ã: æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ
(2) Ó: æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöí ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ È: æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöí ãöãøóÇ íóÞõæáõ
(3) ÇáøóÐöí: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (È)(7/290)
Þóæúáöåöãú: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÍöãóÇÑõ ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÚõÞóáóÇÁó ÇáúíóåõæÏö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÎóÑøó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóÞúÝõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåöãú ÝóíõÞóÇáõ (1) .: áóÇ ÚóÞúáó æóáóÇ ÞõÑúÂäó.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóæúäõ Úóáöíøò ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÂÏóãó ßõáøöåöãú (2) .¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æõáöÏó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÂÏóãó ÈöÃõáõæÝö ÇáÓøöäöíäó¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãõÊóÞóÏøöãõæäó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóÇäö æóÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÕóæøöÝóÉö (3) . ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ ÇáøóÐöí æõÌöÏó ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÈöäóÍúæö ÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò (4) 206. ÝóÏóÚúæóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÏóÚúæóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ íóÈúäöí ÃóãúÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÛõáõæøö æóÇáÔøöÑúßó æóÇáÏøóÚóÇæöí ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉö¡ æóãõäóÇÞóÖóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍöãóÇÑó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó íóÞõæáõ: " æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö " Ýóåóáú íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö¿ Ãóæú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ (5) .
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(1) ã: ÝóÞóÇáó
(2) ã: Úóáóì ßõáøö ÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö ÂÏóãó ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ã: ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö
(4) íõÔöíÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÈöåóÐóÇ Åöáóì ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò ÇáøóÐöí ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö æóÞóÇáó Ýöí Ðóáößó: ÃóäóÇ ÎóÊúãõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö Ïõæäó Ôóßøò. . áöæöÑúËö ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö ãóÚó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö æóíóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò (ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó: 669) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍößóãö " 1/62 ". . . æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúáóì Úöáúãò ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöáøóÇ áöÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÑøõÓõáö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøõÓõáó áóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ - ãóÊóì ÑóÃóæúåõ - ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ". æóÇäúÙõÑú " ÌóÇãöÚó ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö " áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞöí 1/205 -
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ãóæú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÑöíÑóÉö äóÞúáö ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ ã: Ãóæú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÑóÑöåö äóÞúáó ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãõÍóÑøóÝóÉñ æóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãóÉò¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäøó ÍóÐúÝó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö¡ " Ýöí ÍóÑöíÑóÉö äóÞúáö " íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ(7/291)
Ãóæú íõÄóåøóáõ áöáúÎöØóÇÈö¿ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÞö ÎöíóÇÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÊóÖúáöíáöåöãú æóÊóßúÝöíÑöåöãú æóÊóÌúåöíáöåöãú¿ .
æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÏöíó ÇáÙøóÇáöãó ÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÏóì Úóáóì ÎöíóÇÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö¡ æóÓóÇÏóÇÊö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÎóíúÑö ÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁð íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóíõÓóáøöØõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ æóíõæÑöËõ ÇáÔøõÈóåó æóÇáÖøóÚúÝó ÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - áóãú íóßõäú ÈöäóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉñ Åöáóì ßóÔúÝö ÃóÓúÑóÇÑöåö¡ æóåóÊúßö ÃóÓúÊóÇÑöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÍóÓöíÈõåõ æóÍóÓöíÈõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÃÑÈÚæä " ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) .: " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÙóåöíÑñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 4] ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Ãóäøó ÕóÇáöÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åõæó Úóáöíøñ (2) . . Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞúÑóÃõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó: {æóÅöäú ÊóÙóÇåóÑóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÞóÇáó: ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó] (3) . Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò» ¡ æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõåõ
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 166 - 167 (ã)
(2) ß: Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÕóÇáöÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åõæó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÒöÏúÊõåõ ãöäú (ß) áöÊóÊøóÖöÍó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ(7/292)
ÈöÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö (1) .¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó. æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ (2) . ÇáúãóÚúäóì ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ (3) . áöáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Þóæúáõåõ: " ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÕóÇáöÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åõæó Úóáöíøñ " ßóÐöÈñ ãõÈöíäñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãú íõÌúãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ äóÞóáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóäóÍúäõ äõØóÇáöÈõåõãú ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóãóäú äóÞóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó¿ .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ßõÊõÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ÈöäóÞöíÖö åóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú: åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ. æóÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ãóßúÍõæáñ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó.
æóÞöíáó: ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ.
æóÞöíáó: ÎöíóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò.
æóÞöíáó: åõãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáúÚóáóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò æóÓõÝúíóÇäõ.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ¡ æóáóãú íõÓóãøö ÞóÇÆöáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö (4) . .
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(1) ã: ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉò
(2) ß. . . ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ
(4) ÐóßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓöíÑö " 8: 310 - 311 æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 28/105 " Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó "¡ ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 8/192 æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóãõÞóÇÊöáõ Èúäõ ÍóíøóÇäó¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú: (æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) : ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóíúËõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí Óõáóíúãò Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò: (æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÑóÌõáñ ËöÞóÉñ íóÑúÝóÚõåõ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " ÞóÇáó: " åõæó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóåõæó ãõäúßóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ(7/293)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóãú íóËúÈõÊú [åóÐóÇ] (1) . ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÊóÎúÕöíÕö Úóáöíøò Èöåö Úóãøóäú Þóæúáõåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÏóáóÇáóÉð Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö (2) . . æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò áóåõ áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} ÇÓúãñ íóÚõãøõ ßõáøó ÕóÇáöÍò ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Âáó ÃóÈöí ÝõáóÇäò áóíúÓõæÇ áöí ÈöÃóæúáöíóÇÁó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøöíó Çááøóåõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó» " (3) .
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÌóÚóáó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÕóÇáöÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóæúáóì (4) . ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÇáúãóæúáóì íõãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúãõæóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö (5) .¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõæóÇáöí.
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßóÇäó ãõæóÇáöíðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ [áóæú] áóãú íõæóÇáöåö (6) . áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íõæóÇáöíåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõæóÇáóÇÉð ßóÇãöáóÉð. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ ÝóíõæóÇáöíåö ãõæóÇáóÇÉð ßóÇãöáóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóÈúÛóÖó ãóÇ ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóäóåóì ÚóãøóÇ äóåóì Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó.
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(1) åóÐóÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 76
(4) ã: æóáöíøó
(5) Ó¡ È: Çáúãóæúáóì Úóáóíúåö
(6) ä¡ Ó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõæóÇáöåö¡ È: ÝóÅöäú áóãú íõæóÇáöåö(7/294)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó: " «Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö ÑóÌõáñ ÕóÇáöÍñ áóæú ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ãöäó Çááøóíúáö» " ÝóãóÇ äóÇãó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ (1) . .
æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò: " «Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÕóÇáöÍöíßõãú¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóæúÕõæÇ Èöåö ÎóíúÑðÇ» " (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ßóËöíÑóÉñ " (3) . ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÊúÑõæßõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÎõáóÇÕóÉõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÈóÇÈõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö áóÇ íóäúÓóÏøõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íõÞóÇÈöáõ ßóÐöÈóåõãú ÈöãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö (4) .¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íóÞúÐöÝõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÝóíóÏúãóÛõåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÒóÇåöÞñ¡ æóáöáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó Çáúæóíúáõ ãöãøóÇ íóÕöÝõæäó
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Øóæöíáò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåóÇ 9/40¡ 40 - 41¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóãúäö æóÐóåóÇÈö ÇáÑøóæúÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Úóáóì Çáúíóãöíäö Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ (Åöäøó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóíóÞõÕøõæäóåóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. .¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ÃõÎúÑóì æóÓöíóÇÞò ÂÎóÑó 2/69 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ: ÝóÖúáö ãóäú ÊóÚóÇÑøó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÝóÕóáøóì) ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1927 - 1928 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ: ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: " äöÚúãó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö áóæú ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ãöäó Çááøóíúáö "¡ Óõäóäõ ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1291 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÚúÈöíÑö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 9/148 - 150 ÑóÞúãõ 6330
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1884 - 1885 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÑöËóÉó æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò. .) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " Åöäú ÊóØúÚóäõæÇ Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÊöåö - íõÑöíÏõ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò - ÝóÞóÏú ØóÚóäúÊõãú Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÃóÈöíåö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÎóáöíÞðÇ áóåóÇ¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÃóÍóÈøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíøó¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóåóÇ áóÎóáöíÞñ íõÑöíÏõ - ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò - æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÃóÍóÈøóåõãú Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ ÝóÃõæÕöíßõãú Èöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÕóÇáöÍöíßõãú ".
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ Ó: æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íõÞóÇÊöáõ áóÏóíúåöãú ãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ã: æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íõÞóÇÊöáõ ãóÇ áóÏóíúåöãú ÈöãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóßõáøõåõ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ(7/295)
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó æóÞóÇáó: " ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ " ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæú ÚõãóÑõ Ãóæú ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú¡ Èóáú íõÑóÌøóÍõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò.
æóÅöÐóÇ (1) . ÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÞóæúáöäóÇ.
ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ Èóáú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÎõÕøõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÎóÕøó åóÐóÇ ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÛóíúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÎõÕøóåõ ÈöÂÎöÑó¡ Êóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÊõåõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÍõÌøóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáöåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóãú íóÞõáúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÐóÈó ßöÐúÈóÉð [áóãú] (2) íõãúßöäú ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊõåóÇ ÈöãöËúáöåóÇ (3) .¡ æóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõ ÏóÝúÚõ åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÏúÝóÚõ Èöåö Þóæúáóåó¡ æóæóÌóÈó: ÅöãøóÇ ÊóÕúÏöíÞõ ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ßóÐöÈõ ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö.
ßóÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö Úóäú ÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÇáúãõØóÑøöÒö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö - æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÚóÈøóÇÏõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó - ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ãóäú ÍóÝóÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÊóÞõæáõ ãóäú ÍóÝóÑóåõ¿ ÞõáúÊõ: ãóäú ÍóÝóÑóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÌóÚóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÇÁó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: Çááøóåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÊóÞõæáõ ãóäú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÇÁó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: ãóäú åõæó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóÓóäõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÞõæãó¡ ÞóÇáó: " ãóäú ÍóÝóÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú [ÇáøóÐöí] (4) . ÌóÚóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÇÁó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: íóÒöíÏõ. ÝóÛóÖöÈó ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÞóÇãó.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ
(2) áóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÈöãöËúáöåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) ÇáøóÐöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)(7/296)
æóßóÇäó ÛóÑóÖõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöËúáõ Þóæúáößó¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóßúÑóåõ Ðóáößó æóÊóÏúÝóÚõåõ¡ æóÈöãóÇ Èöåö íõÏúÝóÚõ Ðóáößó íõÏúÝóÚõ Èöåö Þóæúáõßó (1) . .
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÊóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊö áöÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú. ßóÞóæúáöåöãú Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÞóÇÊöáõæÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 12] ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ. ÝóíõÞóÇÈóáõ åóÐóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö: Åöäøóåõãú Úóáöíøñ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ. æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÛóÑóÖó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÞóÇÈóáõæäó ÈöãöËúáö ÍõÌøóÊöåöãú¡ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏöåóÇ íóÚõãøõ ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡ ÝóÚõáöãó ÈõØúáóÇäõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
[ÇáãäåÌ ÇáËÇáË ÚäÏ ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ýí ÇáÃÏáÉ ÇáãÓÊäÏÉ Åáì ÇáÓäÉ Úáì ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
[ÇáÃæá áóãøóÇ äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó ÌóãóÚó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: (2) " ÇáúãóäúåóÌõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöÏóÉö (3) . Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåöíó ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: «ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßóÇÝøóÉð Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214] ÌóãóÚó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (4) ¡ æóåõãú ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ æóÃóãóÑó Ãóäú íõÕúäóÚó áóåõãú ÝóÎöÐõ ÔóÇÉò (5) . ãóÚó ãõÏøò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÑøö (6) . æóíõÚóÏøó áóåõãú
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóãóÇ Èöåö ÊóÏúÝóÚõ Ðóáößó ÝóíõÏúÝóÚõ Èöåö Þóæúáõßó: ã: æóÈöãóÇ Èöåö íõÏúÝóÚõ Ðóáößó æóíõÏúÝóÚõ Èöåö Þóæúáõßó
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ "¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí (ß) Õ 167 (ã) ¡ 168 (ã) .
(3) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏóÉö
(4) ß: ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ æóÇãúÑóÃóÊóÇäö ÝóÕóäóÚó áóåõãú ØóÚóÇãðÇ æóÃóÎóÐó ÔóÇÉð
(6) ã: ÔóÇãöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÑøö¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÈõÑøö(7/297)
ÕóÇÚñ (1) . ãöäó ÇááøóÈóäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãöäúåõãú íóÃúßõáõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉó Ýöí ãóÞúÚóÏò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÝóÑóÞó (2) . ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑóÇÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÞóÇãö¡ ÝóÃóßóáóÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú (3) . ãöäú Ðóáößó [ÇáØøóÚóÇãö] (4) . ÇáúíóÓöíÑö ÍóÊøóì ÔóÈöÚõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú ãóÇ Ãóßóáõæåõ (5) .¡ ÝóÈóåóÑóåõãú [ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] ÈöÐóáößó (6) .¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú ÂíóÉõ äõÈõæøóÊöåö (7) .¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (8) .: íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÈóÚóËóäöí [ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö] (9) . Åöáóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ßóÇÝøóÉð¡ æóÈóÚóËóäöí Åöáóíúßõãú ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó} æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÏúÚõæßõãú Åöáóì ßóáöãóÊóíúäö ÎóÝöíÝóÊóíúäö Úóáóì ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ ËóÞöíáóÊóäö Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö¡ Êóãúáößõæäó ÈöåöãóÇ) (10) . ÇáúÚóÑóÈó æóÇáúÚóÌóãó¡ æóÊóäúÞóÇÏõ (11) . áóßõãú ÈöåöãóÇ (12) . ÇáúÃõãóãõ¡ æóÊóÏúÎõáõæäó ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÊóäúÌõæäó ÈöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö: ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ Ýóãóäú íõÌöÈúäöí Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóíõÄóÇÒöÑúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇãö Èöåö íóßõäú
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(1) ã: æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ áóåõãú ÕóÇÚðÇ¡ Ó¡ È: æóÈóÚúÏõßõãú ÕóÇÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(2) ß: ÇáúÞöÑóÈó¡ æóÇáúÝóÑóÞõ¡ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÝóÇÁö æóÇáÑøóÇÁö ãößúíóÇáñ íóÓóÚõ ÓöÊøóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÑöØúáðÇ
(3) ß: ßõáøõåóÇ
(4) ÇáØøóÚóÇãö: Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú æóÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö
(5) Ó¡ È: ãóÇ ÃóßóáõæÇ
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÈóåóÑóåõãú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß)
(7) ã: æóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú äõÈõæøóÊõåõ¡ Ó: æóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ËõÈõæÊõåõ¡ È: æóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ Ýöí äõÈõæøóÊöåö
(8) ß: Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó
(9) ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö: Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú
(10) ä¡ ã: ÈöåóÇ
(11) Ó: æóÊõÞóÇÏõ
(12) ã: ÈöåóÇ(7/298)
ÃóÎöí æóæóÒöíÑöí¡ æóæóÕöíøöí (1) . æóæóÇÑöËöí¡ æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí. Ýóáóãú íõÌöÈúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú. ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó: ÃóäóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃõÄóÇÒöÑõßó (2) . Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÌúáöÓú. Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏó ÇáúÞóæúáó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö ËóÇäöíóÉð (3) . ÝóÕóãóÊõæÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: ÝóÞõãúÊõ (4) . ÝóÞõáúÊõ ãöËúáó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÌúáöÓú¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏó ÇáúÞóæúáó ËóÇáöËóÉð (5) .¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúØöÞú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÍóÑúÝò¡ ÝóÞõãúÊõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóäóÇ ÃõÄóÇÒöÑõßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÌúáöÓú ÝóÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí æóæóÒöíÑöí. æóæóÕöíøöí (6) . æóæóÇÑöËöí¡ æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí. ÝóäóåóÖó ÇáúÞóæúãõ æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó áöÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: áöíóåúäöÆúßó (7) . Çáúíóæúãó Ãóäú ÏóÎóáúÊó Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÎöíßó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó ÇÈúäóßó ÃóãöíÑðÇ (8) . Úóáóíúßó» .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãöäú äóÞúáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇÝøóÉó ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (9) .¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÊöí íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõæäó ãöäúåóÇ Úöáúãó ÇáäøóÞúáö: áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö) (10) . æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÊöí
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(3) Ó¡ È: ËóÇäöíðÇ
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÞõãúÊõ
(5) ß: (Õ 168 ã) : Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö ãóÞóÇáóÊóåõ ËóÇáöËóÉð
(6) ß: ÝóÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí æóÕöíøöí æóæóÒöíÑöí
(7) ß: áöÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöíóåúäöÆúßó Ýöí (ä¡ Ó¡ Èößó áöíóåúäößó)
(8) Ó¡ È: æóÒöíÑðÇ
(9) ã: ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö
(10) ã: ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö(7/299)
íõÐúßóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö (1) .¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÊöí íõäúÞóáõ ãöäúåóÇ (2) . ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝõ¡ ãöËúáö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøö æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö¡ Èóáú æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÖóÚöíÝñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáó ãöäú ÞöÓúãö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ïõæäó ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íõæÌóÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö (3) . ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÛóËøõ æóÇáÓøóãöíäõ¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ ãóßúÐõæÈóÉñ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ßõÊõÈó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÊöí íõæÌóÏõ (4) ÝöíåóÇ åóÐóÇ (5) . ãöËúáõ (6) . ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö¡ íõäúÞóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ åóÐóÇ¡ ãöËúáó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÐóßóÑõæÇ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈóÈö äõÒõæáö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÐóßóÑõæÇ * ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó ÐóßóÑõæÇ * (7) . Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú Ýöí Ãóäøóåõãú íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÓóÈóÈö äõÒõæáö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ýöí ÓóÈóÈö äõÒõæáö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò ; áöíóÐúßõÑó
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(4) íõæÌóÏõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
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(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)(7/300)
ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóãóÇ äóÞóáõæåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö (1) . æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÐößúÑö (2) . ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ äõÞöáó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÊóÑúßö ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ ãöãøóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó - ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÝúÓóÏö ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ßóãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÔóÇåöÏò íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ¡ æóáóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú ËóÈóÊó ÌóÑúÍõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú äóÇÞóÖóåõ ÚõÏõæáñ ßóËöíÑõæäó (3) . íóÔúåóÏõæäó ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÍúÊóÌøõ (4) . ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö æóÇÍöÏò áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú ËóÈóÊó ÌóÑúÍõåõ æóíóÏóÚõ ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö (5) . ßóËöíÑöíäó ÚõÏõæáò æóÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ (6) . ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó.
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(10) È: ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ(7/301)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóäøóÇ äóÑúÖóì ãöäúåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÔóíúÆóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò íóÐúßõÑõåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøóåõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ÝóÑúÚöíøóÉñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÑóÌõáò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÊóãöÏõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåöãú.
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ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÐöÈñ (5) . ÚöäúÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÇáöãò íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (6) .¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑúÌóÚõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö áöÃóäøó ÃóÏúäóì ãóäú áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
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(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(6) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(7) ÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö " Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó " 19/74¡ ÞóÇáó: " ËäÇ ÓóáóãóÉõ "¡ ÞóÇáó Ëóäöí ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÝøóÇÑö Èúäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö äóæúÝóáö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ. . ÅöáóÎú(7/302)
ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò¡ ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÈóæóÇØöíáõ (1) . ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì: áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ßóÇäó íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: ãóÊúÑõæßõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóÝøóÇÑö Èúäõ ÞóÇÓöãò íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÍóÊøóì íóÓúßóÑó¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó Ðóáößó íõÞóáøöÈõ ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö¡ æóÊóÑóßóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóíóÍúíóì (2) .
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞõÏøõæÓö¡ æóåõæó áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò: áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ ÎóÈöíËñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ (3) .
æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ æóÝöíåö ãöäó ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãöíäó (4) . ãóäú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöãöËúáöåö Ýöí ÃóÞóáøö ãóÓúÃóáóÉò.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÈóæóÇØöáó
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó ÃóÈöí ãóÑúíóãó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÝøóÇÑö Èúäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 2/640 - 641 áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 4/42 - 43 æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (Ø. ÇáÔøõÚóÈö) 6/180 äóÞúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö æóÞóÇáó: " ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóÝøóÇÑö Èúäõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÃóÈöí ãóÑúíóãó¡ æóåõæó ãóÊúÑõæßñ ßóÐøóÇÈñ ÔöíÚöíøñ¡ ÇÊøóåóãóåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöæóÖúÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ".
(3) åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞõÏøõæÓö ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö¡ Þ 2 ã [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 04 " Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúãõßúÊöÈö æóÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò¡ æóáóíúËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí Óõáóíúãò¡ æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó. . .) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí (ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö) 2/457: (ßõæÝöíøñ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ¡ äóÒóáó ÇáÑøóíøó¡ Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö æóÛóíúÑöåö. ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì: áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÎóÈöíËñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãóÚúãóÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞõÏøõæÓö¡ æóßóÇäó ÎóÔóÈöíøðÇ) .
(4) ã: ÇáÖøöÚóÇÝö ÇáúãõÊøóåóãöíäó(7/303)
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö áóãú íóÈúáõÛõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Íöíäó äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ Ëõãøó æóáóÇ ÈóáóÛõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ; ÝóÅöäøó Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö áóãú íõÚóÞøöÈú ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ: ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò. æóÌóãöíÚõ æóáóÏö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóåõãú Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò¡ æóáóãú íõÏúÑößö (1) . ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ãöäú ÚõãõæãóÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ: ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ æóÍóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò æóÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò. ÝóÂãóäõ ÇËúäóÇäö¡ æóåõãóÇ: ÍóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ (2) ¡ æóßóÝóÑó ÇËúäóÇäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ äóÕóÑóåõ æóÃóÚóÇäóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÚóÇÏóÇåõ æóÃóÚóÇäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚõãõæãóÉõ æóÈóäõæ ÇáúÚõãõæãóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò ßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ Èóäöíäó: ØóÇáöÈñ¡ æóÚóÞöíáñ¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ. æóØóÇáöÈñ áóãú íõÏúÑößö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ æóÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÝóÂãóäó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóåóÇÌóÑó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÚóÇãó ÎóíúÈóÑó.
æóßóÇäó [ÚóÞöíáñ] (3) . ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóæúáóì Úóáóì ÑöÈóÇÚö (4) . Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò áóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÊóÕóÑøóÝó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ «Þöíáó áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÍóÌøóÊöåö: " äóäúÒöáõ ÛóÏðÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößó ÈöãóßøóÉó " ÞóÇáó: " æóåóáú ÊóÑóßó áóäóÇ ÚóÞöíáñ ãöäú ÏóÇÑò¿» " (5) .
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(1) ä: æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(2) ã: æóåóãóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ æóÍóãúÒóÉõ.
(3) ÚóÞöíáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) æóÝöí åóÇãöÔò (Ó) ¡ ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßóÊóÈó: " áóÚóáøóåõ ÚóÞöíáñ "
(4) ä: ÑöíóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã)
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/147 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóæúÑöíËö ÏõæÑö ãóßøóÉó æóÈóíúÚöåóÇ æóÔöÑóÇÆöåóÇ) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Ãóíúäó ÊóäúÒöáõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößó ÈöãóßøóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " æóåóáú ÊóÑóßó ÚóÞöíáñ ãöäú ÑöÈóÇÚò Ãóæú ÏõæÑò¿ " æóßóÇäó ÚóÞöíáñ æóÑöËó ÃóÈóÇ ØóÇáöÈò åõæó æóØóÇáöÈñ¡ æóáóãú íóÑöËúåõ ÌóÚúÝóÑñ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ãõÓúáöãóíúäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÞöíáñ æóØóÇáöÈñ ßóÇÝöÑóíúäö. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 2/984 - 985 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáäøõÒõæáö ÈöãóßøóÉó áöáúÍóÇÌøö æóÊóæúÑöíËö ÏõæÑöåóÇ) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/912 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöíÑóÇËö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøöÑúßó) .(7/304)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÝóÈóäõæåõ ßõáøõåõãú ÕöÛóÇÑñ ; ÅöÐú áóãú íóßõäú (1) . Ýöíåöãú ÈöãóßøóÉó ÑóÌõáñ¡ æóåóÈú Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ Ýóåõãú: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáúÝóÖúáõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÞõËóãó ÝóæõáöÏó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÃóßúÈóÑõåõãõ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ¡ æóÈöåö ßóÇäó íõßóäøóì¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æõáöÏó Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÈö ÈóÚúÏó äõÒõæáö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214) ¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö áóåõ: (2) . äóÍúæõ ËóáóÇËö Óöäöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚö Óöäöíäó¡ æóáóãú íõæáóÏú áöáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõåõãú ÝóæõáöÏõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ æóÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò ÝóÈóäõæåõãóÇ ÃóÞóáøõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇÈúäóÇäö ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ãõÓúáöãóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö.
æóßóÐóáößó Èóäõæ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõãú Åöáóì Òóãóäö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÐõßõæÑò¡ ÝóÃóÓúáóãó ãöäúåõãõ ÇËúäóÇäö: ÚõÊúÈóÉõ æóãõÛöíËñ¡ æóÔóåöÏó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝó æóÍõäóíúäðÇ¡ æóÚõÊóíúÈóÉõ ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íóÃúßõáóåõ ÇáúßóáúÈõ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáÓøóÈõÚõ ÈöÇáÒøóÑúÞóÇÁö (3) ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãö ßóÇÝöÑðÇ (4) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóãú íóßõäú
(2) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ æóÝöí (È) æóßóÇäó ÓóäóÉ Ýöí ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÈöÇáÒøóÑúÈóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝõÕõæáö Ýöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÓöíÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö) áöÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò¡ ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐóíúäö ãõÍóãøóÏ ÇáúÚöíÏ ÇáúÎóØúÑóÇæöíøö¡ æóãõÍúíöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãõÓúÊóæò¡ Õ 207 Ø. ÈóíúÑõæÊó¡ 1399 - 1400¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " æóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò¡ ÝóÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóÈõÚó ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö æóÝúÞó ÏõÚóÇÆöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ "¡ æóÚóáøóÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞóÇäö: " ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò: åõæó ÚõÊúÈóÉõ (ßóÐóÇ) Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚõÒøóì (ÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ æóÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ÕóÍöíÍóÉò ãõÓúäóÏóÉò¡ ÇäúÙõÑú äóÓöíãó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÔóÑúÍó ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÔøöÝóÇÁö 3/126 æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 2/539 Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉö ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò æóäóÕøõåõ: " ßóÇäó áóåóÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò íóÓõÈøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Çááøóåõãøó ÓóáøöØú Úóáóíúåö ßóáúÈóßó " ÝóÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ÞóÇÝöáóÉò íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÔøóÇãó¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ãóäúÒöáðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ ÏóÚúæóÉó - ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóáøóÇ. ÝóÍóØøõæÇ ãóÊóÇÚóåõãú Íóæúáóåõ¡ æóÞóÚóÏõæÇ íóÍúÑõÓõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÓóÏõ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÒóÚóåõ¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó Èöåö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ.(7/305)
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö Èóäõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö áóÇ íóÈúáõÛõæäó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ ÝóÃóíúäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó¿ .
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Þóæúáõåõ: " «Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäó íóÃúßõáõ ÇáúÌóÐóÚóÉó¡ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÝóÑóÞó ãöäó ÇááøóÈóäö» " ÝóßóÐöÈñ (1) . Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ áóíúÓó Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò ãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóßúáö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÃúßõáõ ÌóÐóÚóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÝóÑóÞðÇ.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ áöáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö: " «ãóäú íõÌöÈúäöí Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóíõÄóÇÒöÑúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇãö Èöåö íóßõäú ÃóÎöí æóæóÒöíÑöí æóæóÕöíøöí æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí» " ßóáóÇãñ ãõÝúÊóÑðì Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö æóÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÌóÇÈõæÇ Åöáóì åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúßóáöãóÊóíúäö¡ æóÃóÚóÇäõæåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÈóÐóáõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÊöåö (2) ¡ æóÝóÇÑóÞõæÇ ÃóæúØóÇäóåõãú æóÚóÇÏóæúÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóåõãú¡ æóÕóÈóÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÊóÇÊö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃõáúÝóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÐøõáøö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚöÒøö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÝóÞúÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛöäóì¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÎóÇÁö¡ æóÓöíÑóÊõåõãú ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÐóáößó (3) . ÎóáöíÝóÉð áóåõ.
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(1) È: ßóÐøóÈó
(2) æóØóÇÚóÊöåö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (Ó) : æóÅöØóÇÚóÊöåö.
(3) ÈöÐóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/306)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÑóÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÌöíÈõæåõ - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú Ãóæú ÚóÏóÏñ ãöäúåõãú - Ýóáóæú ÃóÌóÇÈóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÏóÏñ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÃóíõÚóíøöäõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ (1) . ÈöáóÇ ãõæÌöÈò¿ Ãóãú íóÌúÚóáõ (2) . ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÎõáóÝóÇÁó Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò¿ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚóáøöÞö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉó æóÇáúãõÄóÇÒóÑóÉó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò Óóåúáò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú ãõÄúãöäò íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóáóåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ äóÕöíÈñ æóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÍóÙøñ Ýóåõæó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÉõ ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¿ !
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÍóãúÒóÉó¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑðÇ¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÃóÌóÇÈõæÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Úóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö æóÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ Èóáú ÍóãúÒóÉõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÑúÞóãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èöåö Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóãö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÌúÊóãöÚõ åõæó æóÈóäõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ßõáøõåõãú Ýöí ÏóÇÑò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò ßóÇäó ãõÙúåöÑðÇ áöãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÍõÕöÑó Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÈö áóãú íóÏúÎóáú ãóÚóåõãú ÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò.
(ÇáËøóÇãöäõ) (3) .: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÛóíúÑõ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áóåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íõÚóíøöäõ æóÇÍöÏñ ; æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ
(2) Ó¡ È: áóãú íóÌúÚóáú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ßóáöãóÉõ " æóÇáËøóÇãöäõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) (È) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) : " ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöÃóÕúáöåö "(7/307)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú: {æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214) ÏóÚóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÝóÎóÕøó æóÚóãøó ÝóÞóÇáó: " íóÇ Èóäöí ßóÚúÈö Èúäö áõÄóíøò ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ãõÑøóÉó Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö (1 íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÔóãúÓò ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö 1) (1) .¡ íóÇ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ÃóäúÞöÐõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö íóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ (ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò) (2) . ÃóäúÞöÐöí äóÝúÓóßö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ Ãóãúáößõ áóßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó áóßõãú ÑóÍöãðÇ ÓóÃóÈõáøõåóÇ ÈöÈóáóÇáöåóÇ» " (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÞõÑóíúÔò ÇÔúÊóÑõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ íóÇ ÕóÝöíøóÉõ ÚóãøóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ íóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÓóáóÇäöí ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊõãóÇ ãöäú ãóÇáöí» " (4) .
æóÎóÑøóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/111 - 112 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãñ 1/192¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö " 2/333¡ 360¡ 519
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/6 - 7 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ åóáú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ æóÇáúæóáóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞóÇÑöÈö) ¡ 4/185 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäö ÇäúÊóÓóÈó Åöáóì ÂÈóÇÆöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö) ¡ 6/112 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãñ 1/192 - 193 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.(7/308)
ÇáúãõÎóÇÑöÞö¡ æóÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ (1) ¡ æóãöäú (2) . ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: " «ÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ ÇáÕøóÝóÇ» " (3) .
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÈöíÕóÉó: " «ÇäúØóáóÞó Åöáóì ÑóÖúãóÉò ãöäú ÌóÈóáò¡ ÝóÚóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÍóÌóÑðÇ (4) .¡ Ëõãøó äóÇÏóì: " íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò Åöäøöí áóßõãú äóÐöíÑñ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ãóËóáöí æóãóËóáõßõãú ßóãóËóáö ÑóÌõáò ÑóÃóì ÇáúÚóÏõæøó ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó íóÑúÈóÃõ Ãóåúáóåõ ÝóÎóÔöíó Ãóäú íóÓúÈöÞõæåõ ÝóÌóÚóáó íóåúÊöÝõ: íóÇ ÕóÈóÇÍóÇåõ» " (5) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: " «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÊøóì ÕóÚöÏó ÇáÕøóÝóÇ ÝóåóÊóÝó: " íóÇ ÕóÈóÇÍóÇåõ " (6) . ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÊöÝõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóÌóÚóáó íõäóÇÏöí: " íóÇ Èóäöí ÝõáóÇäò¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö "¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: " íóÇ Èóäöí ÝöåúÑøò¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøò¡ íóÇ Èóäöí ÝõáóÇäò " áöÈõØõæäö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóØöÚú Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó ÃóÑúÓóáó ÑóÓõæáðÇ íóäúÙõÑõ ãóÇ åõæó ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóÑóÃóíúÊóßõãú áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑúÊõßõãú Ãóäøó ÎóíúáðÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÓóÝúÍö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÈóáö¡ ÃóßõäúÊõãú
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö 1/193 ÑóÞúãõ 353¡ 354
(2) ã: ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/192 (ÇáúãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ) ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 350
(4) ã: åóÌóÑðÇ
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ åõæó ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÎóÇÑöÞö æóÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÎóÇÑöÞö åõæó ÞóÈöíÕóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÎóÇÑöÞö¡ æóÇáÑøóÖúãóÉõ¡ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉñ ãõÌúÊóãöÚóÉñ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöËóÇÈöÊóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ãóäúËõæÑóÉñ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÚóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÍóÌóÑðÇ "¡ Ãóíú ÝóÑóÞöíó Ýöí ÃóÑúÝóÚöåóÇ¡ æóßóáöãóÉõ " íóÑúÈóÃõ " Úóáóì æóÒúäö íóÞúÑóÃõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ íóÍúÝóÙõåõãú æóíóÊóØóáøóÚõ áóåõãú¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áöÝóÇÚöáö Ðóáößó: ÑóÈöíÆóÉñ¡ æóßóáöãóÉõ " æóÇÕóÈóÇÍóÇåõ "¡ åöíó ßóáöãóÉñ íóÚúÊóÇÏõæäóåóÇ ÚöäúÏó æõÞõæÚö ÃóãúÑò ÚóÙöíãò¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäóåóÇ áöíóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ æóíóÊóÃóåøóÈõæÇ áóåõ.
(6) Ó¡ È: íóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóÇåõ(7/309)
ãõÕóÏøöÞöíøó¿ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇ ÌóÑøóÈúäóÇ Úóáóíúßó ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøöí äóÐöíÑñ áóßõãú Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÚóÐóÇÈò ÔóÏöíÏò " ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ áóåóÈò: ÊóÈøðÇ áóßó ÃóãóÇ (1) . ÌóãóÚúÊóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöåóÐóÇ¿ ! ÝóÞóÇãó ÝóäóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö (2) . ÇáÓøõæÑóÉõ: {ÊóÈøóÊú íóÏóÇ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò æóÊóÈøó} » (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÓóÏö: 1) (3) .
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: «ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑúÊõßõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÏõæøó íõÕóÈøöÍõßõãú æóíõãóÓøöíßõãú ÃóßóäóÊõãú ÊõÕóÏøöÞõæäöí¿ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáóì» (4) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó æóÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ßóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (5) .
Þöíáó áóåõ: ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ßóËöíÑñ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ Èóáú ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ áóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó (6) .¡ Èóáú Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäú íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÇ æóÌóÏõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ æóíóÑúæõæäó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ãóÇ áöÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏö Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö
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(1) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÇ
(2) åóÐöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/66 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/193 - 194 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó) .
(4) åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/122 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÓóÈóÃò 6/180) (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÊóÈøóÊú íóÏóÇ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò æóÊóÈøó) .
(5) È: æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí.
(6) ä¡ ã: áóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõæäó ÇáúßõÊõÈó¡ Ó: áóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó(7/310)
ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáÐøõåúáöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøóíúäö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóäõÞøóÇÏöåö æóÍõßøóÇãöåö æóÍõÝøóÇÙöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú ÎöÈúÑóÉñ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ ÊóÇãøóÉñ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÍúæóÇáö ãóäú äóÞóáó ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó (æóÊóÇÈöÚöíåöãú) (1) ¡ æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãöäú äóÞóáóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝõæÇ ÇáúßõÊõÈó ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÞóáõæÇ ÇáúÂËóÇÑó¡ æóÃóÓúãóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑóåõãú¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ãóäú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõãú ãöËúáó " ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚöáóáö æóÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö " Úóäú íóÍúíóì ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò (2) .¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøö¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæóÑö: ÓõæÑóÉð ÓõæÑóÉð.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøõ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ (3) ¡ æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ åóÐóÇ.
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(1) æóÊóÇÈöÚöíåöãú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö " ÇáúßóÔøóÇÝö " 3/131 " Ø. ãõÕúØóÝóì ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 1385 1966 " ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214(7/311)
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ ÊöáúãöíÐõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑó ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ ãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøö¡ áóßöäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõ (1) . ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ ÃóÊúÈóÚõ áöáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäúåõãóÇ.
æóáóíúÓó áößóæúäö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö íõæÌöÈõ áóåõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÕöÏúÞñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ßóæúäóåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ Èóáú ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÈöãöíÒóÇäö ÇáúÚóÏúáö.
æóÞóÏú æóÖóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ãóßúÐõæÈóÉð Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ æóÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóæóÖóÚõæÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÞóÕúÏõåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ßõáøö ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóãúíöíÒò Èóíúäó ÕóÍöíÍò æóÖóÚöíÝò ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÑöÓö¡ æóÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÒöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõãú ÞóÕóÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÑúæõæÇ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóãúíöíÒò Èóíúäó ÕóÍöíÍö Ðóáößó æóÖóÚöíÝöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÌúÒóãó ÈöÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö æóÇáÑøóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÕóÍöíÍóÉð¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú
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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó (8) ¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ
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(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ÈóÎò ÈóÎò áóßó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ß: ãöäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö.
(7) ã: ÃóáóÓúÊõ Ãóæúáóì Èößõãú ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓößõãú.
(8) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 1/501 (Ê [0 - 9](7/313)
ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67) äóÒóáó ÞóÈúáó ÍóÌøóÉö (ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö) (1) ÈöãõÏøóÉò ØóæöíáóÉò.
æóíóæúãõ ÇáúÛóÏöíÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ËóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÔóåúÑóíúäö æóÈóÚúÖó ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó (2) ÂÎöÑó ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö äõÒõæáðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 3) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó ÊóÇÓöÚö Ðöí ÇáúÍóÌøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÇÞöÝñ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÞóÇØöÈóÉð ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÛóÏöíÑõ Îõãøò ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ËóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó Ðöí ÇáúÍóÌøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ: {ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67) äóÒóáó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊó¡ æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÃóæóÇÆöáö ãóÇ äóÒóáó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÇáúÎóãúÑõ ÍõÑøöãóÊú Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÚóÞöÈó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÁõæßó ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú Ãóæú ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäúåõãú} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 42) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö (3) áóãøóÇ ÑóÌóãó ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøóíúäö (4) ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö Èóíúäó ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó æóÇáäøóÖöíÑö áóãøóÇ ÊóÍóÇßóãõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö¡ æóÑóÌúãõ ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøóíúäö ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÞóÈúáó ÍóÌøöåö.
(2) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ó¡ È: ÅöãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøó.(7/314)
ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Èóíúäó ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó æóÇáäøóÖöíÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö ÃóÌúáóÇåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ æóÞõÑóíúÙóÉó ÞóÊóáóåõãú ÚóÞöÈó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö.
æóÇáúÎóäúÏóÞõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ æóÞóÈúáó ÝóÊúÍö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó æóÛóÒúæóÉö Íõäóíúäò¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÍóÌøóÉõ ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÞóÈúáó ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáúÛóÏöíÑö.
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉó äóÒóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò (1) Ýóåõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ ãõÝúÊóÑò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáú ÝóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛúÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ æóÇááøóåõ íóÚúÕöãõßó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67) (2) ÝóÖóãöäó áóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúÕöãõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáøóÛó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó áöíõÄóãøöäóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö íõÍúÑóÓõ (3) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÑóßó Ðóáößó (4) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛúÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íóÍúÊóÑöÓõ.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/317 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÍúÑóÓõ ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÚúÕöãõßó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÃúÓóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÈøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: ((íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇäúÕóÑöÝõæÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÕóãóäöí Çááøóåõ)) ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ "¡ æóÑóæóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇáúÌóÑöíÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔóÞöíÞò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÍúÑóÓõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ Ýöíåö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó "¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÐóßóÑó ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö áóåõ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÞõÏóÇãóÉó ÇáúÅöíóÇÏöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÌóÑöíÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔóÞöíÞò Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Èöåö "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí " ÚõãúÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò " 4/193 " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4: 96 æóÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 76: 122 æóÇáúÍóÇßöãö 2: 313 æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåö¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ åóÐöåö ÈöÚöáøóÉò ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúãóæúÕõæáö ".(7/315)
æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóÈúáó ÊóãóÇãö ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö¡ æóÝöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö Êóãøó ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛõ.
«æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö: " ÃóáóÇ åóáú ÈóáøóÛúÊõ ÃóáóÇ åóáú ÈóáøóÛúÊõ¿ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúåóÏú "¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: " ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãú ãóÇ Åöäú ÊóãóÓøóßúÊõãú Èöåö áóäú ÊóÖöáøõæÇ: ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÓúÃóáõæäó Úóäøöí ÝóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÞóÇÆöáõæäó¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóßó ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛúÊó æóÃóÏøóíúÊó æóäóÕóÍúÊó¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÑúÝóÚõ ÅöÕúÈóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóíóäúßõÈõåóÇ (1) Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö (2) ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúåóÏú¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúåóÏú» "¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö (3) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «áöíõÈóáøöÛö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈó¡ ÝóÑõÈøó ãõÈóáøóÛò ÃóæúÚóì ãöäú ÓóÇãöÚò» " (4) .
ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÇáúãóÖúãõæäóÉõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð æóÞúÊó (5) ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ãóäú íõÚúÕóãó ãöäúåõ (6) ¡ Èóáú ÈóÚúÏó (7) ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó (8) æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåõãóÇ ßõáøõåõãú ãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõäúÞóÇÏöíäó áóåõ (9) áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú
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(1) ä: æóíóäúßõÊõåóÇ.
(2) È: Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 2/890 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/367
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/83
(5) Ó¡ È: ÞóÈúáó.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íóÚúÊóÕöãó Èöåö.
(7) ÈóÚúÏó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(8) È: ßóÇäóÊú æóÃóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó.
(9) È: ãõÓúáöãõæäó ãõäúÞóÇÏõæäó áóåõ.(7/316)
ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó ãóÞúãõæÚõæäó ãõÓöÑøõæäó áöáäøöÝóÇÞö (1) ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íõÍóÇÑöÈõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóÎóÇÝõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ãöäúåõ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö: {ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáú ÝóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛúÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ æóÇááøóåõ íóÚúÕöãõßó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67) .
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÑóì íóæúãó ÇáúÛóÏöíÑö áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ ßóÇáøóÐöí ÈóáøóÛóåõ Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÌøõæÇ ãóÚóåõ - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú - áóãú íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ Èóáú ÑóÌóÚó Ãóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóÃóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí ÇáúÞóÑöíÈóÉö ãöäú ÐóÇßó Åöáóì ÈóæóÇÏöíåöãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóÌóÚó (ãóÚóåõ) (2) . Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäúåóÇ.
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÛóÏöíÑö ãöãøóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö ßóÇáøóÐöí ÈóáøóÛóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ áóÈóáøóÛóåõ (3) Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ßóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛó ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú (4) Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÅöãóÇãóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò æóáóÇ ÖóÚöíÝò Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÐóßóÑó ÅöãóÇãóÉó Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÎõØúÈóÊöåö (5) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÌúãóÚõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó Ýöíåö ÈöÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÚóÇãøö - Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÅöãóÇãóÉó Úóáöíøò áóãú Êóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö (6) ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö (7) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö (8) .
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(1) ã: íõÓöÑøõæäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞó.
(2) ãóÚóåõ: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú
(3) ä¡ Ó: áöíõÈóáøöÛóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Ó: Ýóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú¡ È: æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú.
(5) ã: ãöäú ÎõØóÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ã: áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÂãöÑñ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö.
(7) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö.
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãöãøóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.(7/317)
æóÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ãóäøóåõ (1) . ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãõ ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö: ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö» " ÝóÐóßóÑó ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö æóÍóÖøó Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: «æóÚöÊúÑóÊöí Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöí¡ ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó (Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí» ) (2) ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ãõÓúáöãñ æóáóãú íóÑúæöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÒóÇÏó Ýöíåö: " «æóÅöäøóåõãóÇ áóäú (3) íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑöÏóÇ Úóáóíøó ÇáúÍóæúÖó» " (4) .
æóÞóÏú ØóÚóäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ ÕöÍøóÊóåóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÌúãõæÚó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò áóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúæöÈóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáóåõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÃúãõÑú (5) ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÇáó: " «ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí» "¡ æóÊóÐúßöíÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåöãú (6) íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èöåö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÅöÚúØóÇÆöåöãú ÍõÞõæÞóåõãú¡ æóÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãöäú Ùõáúãöåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóíóÇäõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò.
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÃóäøóåõ
(2) Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) Ó¡ È: áóãú.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4¡ 240 - 241 æóåõæó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1873 - 1874 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) .
(5) ä¡ Ó: íõÄúãóÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) Ó: æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó áóåõãú¡ È: æóÊóÐóßøõÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóåõãú.(7/318)
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò ÃóãúÑñ íõÔúÑóÚõ äóÒóáó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö (1) áóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
áóßöäøó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö (2) ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» " (3) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ æóåöíó (4) Þóæúáõåõ: " «Çááøóåõãøó æóÇáö ãóäú æóÇáóÇåõ¡ æóÚóÇÏö ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÇåõ» . . . " ÅöáóÎú ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóäóÞóáó ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ Ýöí " Óõäóäöåö " Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËó (5) ÈöÍóÏöíËóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ (6) : Þóæúáõåõ (7) «áóÚóáöíøò: Åöäøóßó ÓóÊõÚúÑóÖõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ãöäøöí ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúÑóÃõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ: Çááøóåõãøó æóÇáö ãóäú æóÇáóÇåõ æóÚóÇÏö ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÇåõ» . ÝóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÌöÏøðÇ áóãú íóÔõßøó Ãóäøó åóÐóíúäö ßóÐöÈñ.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: «ÃóäúÊó Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò æóãõÄúãöäóÉò» ¡ ßóÐöÈñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» " ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö (8) áóßöäú åõæó ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ¡ æóÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõãú ØóÚóäõæÇ Ýöíåö
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/501 (Ê [0 - 9] ) æóÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò.
(4) ä¡ Ó: åöíó.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÍóÏøóËóåõ.
(6) ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(7) Ó: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ.
(8) ã: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.(7/319)
æóÖóÚøóÝõæåõ¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÓøóäóåõ ßóãóÇ ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó ãõÕóäøóÝðÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ØõÑõÞöåö (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò (2) : ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò Ýóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí» " (3) ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ (4) : " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÛóÏðÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ» " (5) æóåóÐöåö ÕöÝóÉñ æóÇÌöÈóÉñ áößõáøö ãõÓúáöãò æóãõÄúãöäò æóÝóÇÖöáò (6) ¡ æóÚóåúÏõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (7) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ " «áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÈúÛõÖõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ» " (8) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõãú (9) " «áóÇ íóÈúÛõÖõåõãú ãóäú íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö» " (10) .
ÞóÇáó (11) : " æóÃóãøóÇ " «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö (12)
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(1) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÏóÉó ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó: 249 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó: 333 ßóÇäó íóãöíáõ Åöáóì ÑóÃúíö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóßóÇäó íõãúáöí Ýöí " ãóËóÇáöÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÓöÒúßöíäõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäøóÝóåõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú: " áöÓóÇäó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " 1/263 - 266¡ ãõÚúÌóãõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 2/106¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãõ 1/198¡ ÓöÒúßöíä ã [0 - 9] Í [0 - 9] ¡ Õ 361
(2) Ýöí " ÇáúÝöÕóáö Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " 4/224
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/501 Ê [0 - 9]
(4) ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/289
(6) ã: áößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãõÓúáöãò æóÝóÇÖöáò¡ ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: áößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò æóÝóÇÖöáò.
(7) ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: æóÚóåúÏõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/296
(9) ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: ãöËúáõ åóÐöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõ.
(10)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ 4/297
(11) 11) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔöÑñ
(12) 12) Ó¡ È: ãöäú ØõÑõÞö.(7/320)
ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖõ (1) ÝóãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ðóáößó ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì Úöáúãò (2) ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóäóÞúáöåóÇ (3) ".
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó» " (4) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö (5) ¡ æóÇáúßöÓóÇÁö (6) .
Þöíáó: ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò: ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Êöáúßó ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÐößúÑõ ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó (7) áöÌóÚúÝóÑò: «ÃóÔúÈóåúÊó ÎóáúÞöí æóÎõáõÞöí» " (8) ¡ «æóÞóÇáó áöÒóíúÏò: " ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎõæäóÇ æóãóæúáóÇäóÇ» " (9) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö¡ æóÇáúßöÓóÇÁö ÝöíåöãóÇ (10) ÐößúÑõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóÍóÓóäò¡ æóÍõÓóíúäò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÝóáóÇ íõÑóÏøõ åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÌöíÈõ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈö ÝóäóÞõæáõ: Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáóåõ ÝóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇáóåõ (11) Ýóáóãú íõÑöÏú Èöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÈóáøóÛó ÈóáóÇÛðÇ ãõÈöíäðÇ.
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(1)) ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ.
(2)) Ó¡ È: ÅöáúãóÇãò.
(3)) ÇáúÝöÕóáõ: æóäóÞóáóÊöåóÇ.
(4)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/34
(5)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö. Õ 123
(6)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/22
(7)) ã: æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó.
(8)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/34
(9)) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö.
(10) 10) ä¡ ã: Ýöíåö¡ Ó: ÝöíåóÇ.
(11) 11) Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ.(7/321)
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ ÏóáóÇáóÉð ÈóíøöäóÉð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çáúãóæúáóì ßóÇáúæóáöíøö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 55) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöäú ÊóÙóÇåóÑóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÙóåöíÑñ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 4) * ÝóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóæóÇáöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Èóíøóäó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõãú¡ æóÃóäøó * (1) ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò.
ÝóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉõ ÖöÏøõ ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö¡ æóåöíó ÊóËúÈõÊõ ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇáöíóíúäö ÃóÚúÙóãó ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóæöáóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÍúÓóÇäñ æóÊóÝóÖøõáñ¡ æóæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÂÎóÑö ØóÇÚóÉñ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó ÖöÏøõ ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö æóÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇÏóÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍóÇÏøõæäó (3) Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóíõÚóÇÏõæäóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÚóÏõæøöí æóÚóÏõæøóßõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 1) ¡ æóåõæó íõÌóÇÒöíåöãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáõæÇ ÝóÃúÐóäõæÇ ÈöÍóÑúÈò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 279) .
æóåõæó æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóåõæó ãóæúáóÇåõãú (4) íõÎúÑöÌõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Åöáóì ÇáäøõæÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóãóÚúäóì ßóæúäö Çááøóåö æóáöíøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóæúáóÇåõãú¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöíøóåõãú æóãóæúáóÇåõãú¡ æóßóæúäö Úóáöíøò ãóæúáóÇåõãú åöíó (5) ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÖöÏøõ ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: ãöäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö.
(3) ã: æóíõÎóÇÏöÚõæäó.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: åõæó ãóæúáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóåõæó ãóæúáóÇåõãú¡ È: æóåõæó æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóæúáóÇåõãú¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: åõæó¡ Ó: åõãú.(7/322)
æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó (1) ÇáúãõÖóÇÏøóÉó áöáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Íõßúãñ ËóÇÈöÊñ áößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÝóÚóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóíóÊóæóáøóæúäóåõ.
æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ áóåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó ÈóÇØöäðÇ æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÑõÏøõ (2) ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ (3) Ýöíåö ÃóÚúÏóÇÄõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóæúáðì ÛóíúÑõåõ ÝóßóíúÝó æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóåõ ãóæóÇáöí (4) ¡ æóåõãú ÕóÇáöÍõæ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóÚóáöíøñ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóåõ ãóæúáðì ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: * " «Åöäøó ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóÛöÝóÇÑðÇ¡ æóãõÒóíúäóÉó¡ æóÌõåóíúäóÉó¡ æóÞõÑóíúÔðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó áóíúÓó áóåõãú ãóæúáðì Ïõæäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö» " (5) ¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõãú ãóæóÇáöíó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó * (6) ßóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó ÕóÇáöÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóæóÇáöíóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ãóæúáóÇåõãú.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉõ.
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóíóÑõÏøõ.
(3) ã: ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ.
(4) Ó¡ È: ãóæóÇáò.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/179 - 180¡ 181¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÃóÓúáóãó æóÛöÝóÇÑó æóãõÒóíúäóÉó æóÌõåóíúäóÉó æóÃóÔúÌóÚó) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/1954 - 1955 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÛöÝóÇÑó æóÃóÓúáóãó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/385 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÛöÝóÇÑó æóÃóÓúáóãó æóÌõåóíúäóÉó æóãõÒóíúäóÉó) ¡ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 15/28 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/388¡ 467 - 468¡ 481¡ 5/194 (Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) .
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/323)
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó Çáúæóáöíøö¡ æóÇáúãóæúáóì æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúæóÇáöí ÝóÈóÇÈõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÖöÏøõ (1) ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö - ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÈóÇÈõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö - ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ - ÔóíúÁñ.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃõæáóì Ïõæäó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÞõáú: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ æóÇáöíóåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ æóÇáöíåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ: " «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» " (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõ Çáúãóæúáóì (3) ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúæóÇáöí ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ÊóËúÈõÊõ ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (4) ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ãóæúáóÇåõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõåõ Ãóæúáóì Èöåöãú ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ØóÑóÝöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóßóæúäõåõ Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö äóÈõæøóÊöåö¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ äóÕøó Úóáóì ÎóáöíÝóÉò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãõæÌöÈðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ Ãóæúáóì Èöåö ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÝóÚóáöíøñ Ãóæúáóì Èöåö ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ßóæúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÃóãúÑñ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóãóãóÇÊöåö¡ æóÎöáóÇÝóÉõ Úóáöíøò - áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó æóÌõæÏõåóÇ - áóãú Êóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ áóãú Êóßõäú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ÎóáöíÝóÉð Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö (5) ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóæúáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó (Èöåö) (6) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ.
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(1) ä: ÍóÏøõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 501 (Ê [0 - 9]
(3) Ó: ÇáúãõæóÇáöí¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/324)
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÑöÏö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøó ßóæúäóåõ æóáöíøó ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò æóÕúÝñ ËóÇÈöÊñ áóåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÊóÃóÎøóÑú Íõßúãõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöíÑõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóÕóÇÑó áóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÈöäóÕøò¡ Ãóæú ÅöÌúãóÇÚò Ýóåõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö æóÈößõáøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóØøõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö ãóæúáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò Ýóåõæó æóÕúÝñ ËóÇÈöÊñ áóÚóáöíøò Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÚóáöíøñ Çáúíóæúãó ãóæúáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò¡ æóáóíúÓó Çáúíóæúãó ãõÊóæóáøöíðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò ÃóÍúíóÇÁð æóÃóãúæóÇÊðÇ (1) .
[ÇáËÇáË Þæáå ÃäÊ ãäí ÈãäÒáÉ åÇÑæä ãä ãæÓì]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ:: (2) : ÇáËøóÇáöËõ (3) : Þóæúáõåõ (4) : «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí» . [ÃóËúÈóÊó áóåõ " Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ " ÌóãöíÚó
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÃóÍúíóÇÁð æóÃóãúæóÇÊðÇ ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 168 (ã) .
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ.
(4) ß: Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.(7/325)
ãóäóÇÒöáö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö] (1) ¡ æóãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö (2) ãóäóÇÒöáö åóÇÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð áöãõæÓóì¡ æóáóæú ÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏóåõ áóßóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ (áóÒöãó) ÊóØóÑøõÞõ ÇáäøóÞúÖö Åöáóíúåö (3) ¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÊõåõ (4) ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö ãõÏøóÉð íóÓöíÑóÉð ÝóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö æóØõæáö ãõÏøóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö (5) Ãóæúáóì ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÊóåõ " (6) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ËóÈóÊó (7) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áóåõ (8) Ðóáößó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó (9) ¡ æóßóÇäó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßõáøóãóÇ ÓóÇÝóÑó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÚõãúÑóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÍóÌøò íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Ðöí. . . ÃóãøóÑó (10) ÚõËúãóÇäó (11) ¡ æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Èóäöí ÞóíúäõÞóÇÚó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó: ÈöáóÇ ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁò.
(2) ß: æóÝöí ÌõãúáóÉö.
(3) ä: æóÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÞúÕö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÕøö Åöáóíúåö¡ ã: æóÅöáøóÇ ÊóØóÑøóÞó ÇáäøóÞúÕõ (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáöÃóäøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉñ¡ È: æóáöÃóäøóåõ ÎóáóÝóåõ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÊóØõæáõ ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉõ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß)
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð¡ È: Ýóíóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(7) Ó¡ È: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ËóÈóÊóÊú æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(8) áóåõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(9) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/349.
(10)) ßóáöãóÉõ " ÃóãóÑøó ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÝöíåóÇ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ó) ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö Ðöí æóÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ßóáöãóÉõ ÃóãøóÑó.
(11) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÇáÓøöíÑóÉõ 3/49¡ " ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÓøóæöíÞö¡ ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈóÞöíøóÉó Ðöí ÇáúÍóÌøóÉö Ëõãøó ÛóÒóÇ äóÌúÏðÇ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÛóØóÝóÇäó¡ æóåöíó ÛóÒúæóÉõ Ðöí. . . ÃóãøóÑó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäò¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 2/34 - 35¡ ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/190¡ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 3/3(7/326)
ÈóÔöíÑó Èúäó (ÚóÈúÏö) ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö (1) ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÛóÒóÇ ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ¡ æóæóÕóáó (2) Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÑóÚö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇÈúäó Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò (3) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò (4) æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ýóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÇÝóÑó ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÚõãúÑóÊóíúäö: ÚõãúÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ æóÚõãúÑóÉö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö¡ æóÝöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÝöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåö - ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÛóÒóÇÉð - æóÝöíåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó (5) ¡ æóßóÇäó íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑöÌóÇáñ ßóËöíÑõæäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áöÃóÍóÏò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÝö ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÂÎöÑõ ãóÛóÇÒöíåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚú
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(1) ã: ÈöÔúÑó Èúäó ÇáúãõÈúÏóáóÉö¡ ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÔúÑó Èúäó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ áõÈóÇÈóÉó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò (ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉó: 4/167) ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí ÇÓúãöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó: ÇÓúãõåõ ÈóÔöíÑñ. .¡ æóÞöíáó ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö Ãóæøóáõåõ ÇáÊøóÍúÊóÇäöíøóÉö ËóÇäöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÇÓúãõåõ ÑóÝóÇÚóÉõ. . .¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó " ÇáúßóÔøóÇÝõ " æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö Ãóäøó ÇÓúãóåõ ãóÑúæóÇäõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÃõÓúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö 1/232¡ 6/265 - 267 ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö 4/167¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö æóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáóåõ áóåõ Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/52¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 2/29¡ ÅöãúÊóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö 1/105
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÕóáó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 2/35 - 36 ÅöãúÊóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö 1/107¡ ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/190 ÌóæóÇãöÚö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ Õ 152 ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/46 æóÞóÇáó: " æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÓöÈóÇÚó Èúäó ÚõÑúÝõØóÉó ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøó¡ Ãóæö ÇÈúäó Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò ".
(4) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãóäöíÚò ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö¡ ÕóÍöÈó ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøó ÇáúãõÄóÑøöÎó ÒóãóÇäðÇ æóÚõÑöÝó ÈöãõÄóÑøöÎö ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøó¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 168 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 230¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 9/182 - 183¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó 5/321 - 322¡ æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 3/473¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 7/6
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ.(7/327)
ãóÚóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ßóãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãóÚóåõ ÝöíåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÊóÎóáøóÝú Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäõ¡ Ãóæú ãóäú åõæó ãóÚúÐõæÑñ áöÚóÌúÒöåö Úóäö ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö¡ Ãóæú ãóäú åõæó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ¡ æóÊóÎóáøóÝó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊöíÈó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóãú (1) íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑöÌóÇáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÑøóÉò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ ÃóÖúÚóÝó ãöäó (2) ÇóáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏóÉö ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑöÌóÇáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÞúæöíóÇÁõ íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÛóÇÒöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑöÌóÇáñ ßóËöíÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÞúæöíóÇÁõ íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝò ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ (3) Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåö ãöËúáó ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò ÇáúßõÈúÑóì¡ æóÇáÕøõÛúÑóì¡ æóÛóÒúæóÉö Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáóÞö¡ æóÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÛóÇÒöíåö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÞöÊóÇáñ¡ æóãóÛóÇÒöíåö ÈöÖúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÛóÒúæóÉð¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÚõãúÑóÊóíúäö ÞóÈúáó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó.
æóÝöí ßõáøö ãóÑøóÉò íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú ÈóÞöíó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó ÝóßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝò ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö íóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóíúåö ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÈúßöí¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊõÎóáøöÝõäöí ãóÚó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö¿
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ØóÚóäó Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóáøóÝóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íõÈúÛöÖõåõ¡ ÝóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøöí ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝúÊõßó áöÃóãóÇäóÊößó ÚöäúÏöí
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(1) Ó È: áóãú.
(2) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) Ó¡ È: íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ.(7/328)
æóÅöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝó áóíúÓó ÈöäóÞúÕò æóáóÇ ÛóÖøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõæÓóì ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó åóÇÑõæäó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ äóÞúÕðÇ (1) ¡ æóãõæÓóì áóíóÝúÚóáõåõ (2) ÈöåóÇÑõæäó» ¿ ÝóØóíøóÈó ÈöÐóáößó ÞóáúÈó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÌöäúÓó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö íóÞúÊóÖöí ßóÑóÇãóÉó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝö æóÃóãóÇäóÊóåõ¡ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÅöåóÇäóÊóåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúæöíäóåõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝó íóÛöíÈõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó ãóÚóåõ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÇáúãõáõæßõ - æóÛóíúÑõåõãú - ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåöãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ãóÚóåõãú ãóäú íóÚúÙõãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõåõãú Èöåö¡ æóãõÚóÇæóäóÊõåõ áóåõãú (3) ¡ æóíóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì ãõÔóÇæóÑóÊöåö¡ æóÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöÑóÃúíöåö¡ æóáöÓóÇäöåö¡ æóíóÏöåö¡ æóÓóíúÝöåö.
æóÇáúãõÊóÎóáøöÝõ (4) ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÓöíóÇÓóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö¡ ÝóÙóäøó ãóäú Ùóäøó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÛóÖóÇÖóÉñ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóäóÞúÕñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÎóÝúÖñ ãöäú ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐúåõ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúãõåöãøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÓóÚúíò¡ æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ Èóáú ÊóÑóßóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ßóËöíÑö (5) ÓóÚúíò æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ÝóßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõÈóíøöäðÇ Ãóäøó ÌöäúÓó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö áóíúÓó äóÞúÕðÇ æóáóÇ ÛóÖøðÇ ; ÅöÐú áóæú ßóÇäó äóÞúÕðÇ Ãóæú ÛóÖøðÇ áóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãõæÓóì ÈöåóÇÑõæäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ ßóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö åóÇÑõæäó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑó ßóÇäó ãóÚó åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó ãõæÓóì æóÍúÏóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑö ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ
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(1) ã: ÈõÛúÖðÇ.
(2) È: íóÝúÚóáõåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóãõÚóÇæóäóÊõåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) æóÇáúãõÊóÎóáøöÝõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ.
(5) Ó¡ È: ßóÈöíÑö.(7/329)
æóáóãú íõÎóáøóÝú (1) ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö - ÛóíúÑõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö - ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚúÐõæÑñ Ãóæú ÚóÇÕò.
æóÞóæúáõ (2) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " åóÐóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ " åõæó ßóÊóÔúÈöíåö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö¡ æóÊóÔúÈöíåõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö íóßõæäõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉó Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Åöáóì ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÝöÏóÇÁö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÚõãóÑó ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö. ÞóÇáó: " ÓóÃõÎúÈöÑõßõãú Úóäú ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßõãú (3) . «ãóËóáõßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóãóËóáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäøöí æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøóßó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 36) ¡ æóãóËóáõ ÚöíÓóì ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ÊõÚóÐøöÈúåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÚöÈóÇÏõßó æóÅöäú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú ÝóÅöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 118) ¡ æóãóËóáõßó íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ãóËóáõ äõæÍò ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ äõæÍò: 26) ¡ æóãóËóáõ (4) ãõæÓóì ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇØúãöÓú Úóáóì ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÇÔúÏõÏú Úóáóì ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑóæõÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} » (ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 88) (5) .
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ áöåóÐóÇ: ãóËóáõßó ßóãóËóáö (6) ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÚöíÓóì¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ: ãöËúáõ äõæÍò¡ æóãõæÓóì - ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì» ; ÝóÅöäøó äõæÍðÇ¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóãõæÓóì¡ æóÚöíÓóì ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó åóÐóíúäö ãöËúáóåóãú¡ æóáóãú
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(1) È: æóáóãú íóÊóÎóáøóÝú.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóåõæó Þóæúáõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Úóäú ÕóÇÍöÈößõãú.
(4) Ó¡ È: Ãóæú ãöËúáõ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/133
(6) ä¡ ã: ãóËóáõ.(7/330)
íõÑöÏú ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ãöËúáõåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò áóßöäú ÝöíãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö Ýöí Çááøóåö¡ æóÇááøöíäö Ýöí Çááøóåö.
æóßóÐóáößó åõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ÝöíãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõåõ Ýöí ãóÛöíÈöåö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ãõæÓóì åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ åõæó ãöËúáõ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäú Êöáúßó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝóÇÊõ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÚóÏó ãóÚóåõ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöÊóÝúÖöíáöåö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¿
Èóáú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝõæäó ãöäúåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ íóßõæäõ Úóáóì ÃóßúËóÑó æóÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóíúåö ÚóÇãó ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÃóßúËóÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÚóÇãõ (1) ÊóÈõæßó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãóÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ æóÝõÊöÍóÊú ãóßøóÉõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ æóÚóÒøó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ Ãóäú íóÛúÒõæó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉõ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ãóäú íõÞóÇÊöáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÏõæøó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÏóÚö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáóÉö ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÏóÚõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö¡ Èóáú ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáóÉó ßõáøóåõãú ãóÚóåõ.
æóÊóÎúÕöíÕõåõ áöÚóáöíøò ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö åõäóÇ åõæó ãóÝúåõæãõ ÇááøóÞóÈö¡ æóåõæó äóæúÚóÇäö: áóÞóÈñ åõæó ÌöäúÓñ¡ æóáóÞóÈñ íóÌúÑöí ãóÌúÑóì ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ãöËúáó ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÃóäúÊó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÚóÇãó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/331)
ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ÇáúãóÝóÇåöíãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÝóåøóãúäóÇåóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 79) ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ßóáøóÇ Åöäøóåõãú Úóäú ÑóÈøöåöãú íóæúãóÆöÐò áóãóÍúÌõæÈõæäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÝøöÝöíäó: 15) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ áöÓóÈóÈò íóÞúÊóÖöíåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóåóÐóÇ (1) ãöäú Ðóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÕøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóíúåö íóÈúßöí¡ æóíóÔúÊóßöí (2) ÊóÎúáöíÝóåõ ãóÚó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö.
æóãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ Óöæóì Úóáöíøò¡ áóãøóÇ áóãú íóÊóæóåøóãõæÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö äóÞúÕðÇ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑóåõãú ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áöÓóÈóÈò íóÞúÊóÖöí ÐóÇßó áóãú íóÞúÊóÖö ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäúåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áöáúãóÖúÑõæÈö ÇáøóÐöí äóåóì Úóäú áóÚúäöåö: " «ÏóÚúåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ» " (3) ¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö áöíóäúåóì ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú áóÚúäöåö.
æóáóãøóÇ «ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó ÞóÇáó: " ÏóÚúåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ» " (4) ¡ æóáóãú íóÏõáøó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÈóÏúÑðÇ¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áöãóÛúÝöÑóÉö ÐóäúÈöåö.
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(1) ã: æóåóÐóÇ.
(2) ã: æóÔóßóì¡ Ó¡ È: æóíóÔúßöí.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/458
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/331(7/332)
æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÔóåöÏó áöáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö áóãú íóÞúÊóÖö Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõãú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó áóßöäú ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó áöÓóÈóÈò ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áöáúÍóÓóäö æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó: " «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõåõãóÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøóåõãóÇ¡ æóÃóÍöÈøó ãóäú íõÍöÈøõåõãóÇ» " (1) ¡ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊöåöãóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈóÇíóÚó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö» " (2) áóãú íóÞúÊóÖö Ãóäøó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÔóÈøóåó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚöíÓóì *¡ áóãú íóãúäóÚú Ðóáößó Ãóäú (3) íóßõæäó Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöåö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (4) ãóäú íõÔúÈöåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚöíÓóì * (5) ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÔóÈøóåó ÚõãóÑó ÈöäõæÍò æóãõæÓóì áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú (6) Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöåö ãóäú íõÔúÈöåõ äõæÍðÇ¡ æóãõæÓóì.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóíúäö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóäú íõÔúÈöåõåõãú ãöäú ÃóãøóÊöåö.
Þöíáó: ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ ÈöÇáúßóãóÇáö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó (7) Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: " «Åöäøóåõ ãöËúáõ ÕóÇÍöÈö íóÇÓöíäó» " (8) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/39
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 2/28
(3) È: áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú Ãóäú.
(4) æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) .
(6) ã: áóãú íóãúäóÚú.
(7) ã: ÇáÔøóÑößóÉó.
(8) åõæó ÚõÑúæóÉõ Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏö Èúäõ ãõÊúÚöÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 2/470 " æóËóÈóÊó ÐößúÑõ ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÇáúíóÏõ ÇáúÈóíúÖóÇÁõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑö ÇáÕøõáúÍö " Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÃóËóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÇäúÕóÑóÝó ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö ÝóÃóÓúáóãó æóÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõæßó ". ÞóÇáó: áóæú æóÌóÏõæäöí äóÇÆöãðÇ ãóÇ ÃóíúÞóÙõæäöí. ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ. ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóäóÕóÍó áóåõãú¡ ÝóÚóÕóæúåõ æóÃóÓúãóÚõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐóì¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÍóÑö ÞóÇãó Úóáóì ÛõÑúÝóÉò áóåõ ÝóÃóÐøóäó¡ ÝóÑóãóÇåõ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ËóÞöíÝò ÈöÓóåúãò ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " ãóËóáõ ÚõÑúæóÉó ãóËóáõ ÕóÇÍöÈö íóÇÓöíäó¡ ÏóÚóÇ Þóæúãóåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ ". æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 4/182 ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/498¡ ÅöãúÊóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö Õ 489 - 490(7/333)
¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áöáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøöíäó: " «åõãú ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú» " (1) áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó Ðóáößó Èöåöãú¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó» "¡ æóÞóÇáó áöÒóíúÏò: " «ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎõæäóÇ¡ æóãóæúáóÇäóÇ» " (2) æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÒóíúÏò¡ Èóáú ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ÃóÎõæåõãú æóãóæúáóÇåõãú.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃóãúËóÇáõ æóÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåóÇÊõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóåöíó áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ (3) ÇáÊøóãóÇËõáó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ Èóáú ÝöíãóÇ ÓöíÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáúãõÔóÈøóåö ÈöÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö¡ Èóáú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÔóÇÑößóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ áóåõ (4) Ýöí Ðóáößó.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõäúÝöÞõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ßóãóËóáö ÍóÈøóÉò ÃóäúÈóÊóÊú ÓóÈúÚó ÓóäóÇÈöáó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓõäúÈõáóÉò ãöÇÆóÉõ ÍóÈøóÉò} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 261) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÖúÑöÈú áóåõãú ãóËóáðÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö} (ÓõæÑóÉõ íÓ: 13) .
æóÞóÇáó: {ãóËóáõ ãóÇ íõäúÝöÞõæäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ßóãóËóáö ÑöíÍò ÝöíåóÇ ÕöÑøñ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 117) .
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇËúäóíúäö æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ãóËóáðÇ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÈóÇØöáñ ; ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " «ÃóãóÇ ÊóÑúÖóì Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì» ¿ "
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/35
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/34
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÊõÔúÈöåõ¡ È: ÊõËúÈöÊõ.
(4) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/334)
Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÑúÖöíåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóíõØóíøöÈõ ÞóáúÈóåõ áóãøóÇ Êóæóåøóãó ãöäú æóåóäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö¡ æóäóÞúÕö ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö ÝóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÌóÈúÑö áóåõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì» ¡ Ãóíú ãöËúáõ ãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó (1) äóÝúÓó ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö ãöäú ãõæÓóì ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõ ãóÇ íõÔóÇÈöåõåóÇ (2) ÝóÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö åóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: ãóËóáõåõ ãóËóáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚöíÓóì¡ æóÚõãóÑó: ãóËóáõåõ ãóËóáõ äõæÍò æóãõæÓóì.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ (3) ßóÇäó ÚóÇãó ÊóÈõæßó¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó «ÈóÚóËó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÓöãö¡ æóÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ ÈöÚóáöíøò ÝóÞóÇáó [áöÚóáöíøò] (4) : ÃóãöíÑñ Ãóãú ãóÃúãõæÑñ¿ [ÝóÞóÇáó:¡ Èóáú ãóÃúãõæÑñ] (5) ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚóåõ ßóÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö ãóÚó ÃóãöíÑöåö: íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ æóíõØöíÚõ ÃóãúÑóåõ (6) ¡ æóíõäóÇÏöí ÎóáúÝóåõ (7) ãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúãóæúÓöãö: ÃóáóÇ áóÇ íóÍõÌøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ¡ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ» (8) .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöäøó.
(2) ã: ãóÇ íõÔóÇßöáõåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ðóáößó.
(4) áóÚóáöíøò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóíõØöíÚõ ÃóãúÑóåõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(7) ÎóáúÝóåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú æóíõäóÇÏöí ãöäú (Ó) .
(8) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/78 - 79 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóæúÑóÉö) æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: (ÈóÚóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÌøóÉö Ýöí ãõÄóÐøöäöíäó íóæúãó ÇáäøóÍúÑö äõÄóÐøöäõ Èöãöäðì ÃóáóÇ áóÇ íóÍõÌøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÍõãóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãöäö (Èúäö ÚóæúÝò) : Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÏóÝó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì áöáøóåö Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÄóÐøöäó ÈöÈóÑóÇÁóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÝóÃóÐøóäó ÚóäøóÇ Úóáöíøñ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ãöäðì íóæúãó ÇáäøóÍúÑö: áóÇ íóÍõÌøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ " æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/153 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóÇ íóØõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ æóáóÇ íóÍõÌøõ ãõÔúÑößñ) ¡ 5/167 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÌøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò) 6/64 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö) ¡ 4/102 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóÒúÁóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó íõäúÈóÐõ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóåúÏö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/264 - 265 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö ÈóÇÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÍóÌøö ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 5/186 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö: ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÎõÐõæÇ ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóÓúÌöÏò) Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/237 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöÇáúÚóåúÏö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 15/133 - 134 æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (Ø. ÇáÔøõÚóÈö) 4/44¡ 53 æóÅöáóì ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/98 æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/156¡ 2/32(7/335)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ Èöåö áöíóäúÈõÐó ÇáúÚóåúÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöÏó ÇáúÚõÞõæÏó æóíóäúÈõÐóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÇáúãõØóÇÚõ Ãóæú ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÞúÈóáõæäó äóÞúÖó ÇáúÚõåõæÏö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÑóÌõáò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö ÈóÚúÏóåõ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÎöØóÇÈðÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ íõäóÇÌöíåö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÎøóÑóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÑõÌó Åöáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ æóíóÔúÊóßöíó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ æóÊóÈúáöíÛõåõ áöáäøóÇÓö ßõáøöåöãú ÈöáóÝúÙò íõÈóíøöäõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó.
¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú Ìóåúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú íóÊóäóÇÞóÖõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íõÎóÇØöÈú ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÅöáøóÇ Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö - ßóãóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó - áóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãõØúãóÆöäøó ÇáúÞóáúÈö Ãóäøóåõ ãöËúáõ åóÇÑõæäó ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÝöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúÑõÌú Åöáóíúåö íóÈúßöí (1) ¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú áóåõ: ÃóÊõÎóáøöÝõäöí ãóÚó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö¿
æóáóæú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóáóãú íóÎúÑõÌú Åöáóíúåö íóÈúßöí "¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/336)
íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÛóíúÑóåõ æóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÚóÇãó ÎóíúÈóÑó ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÈöåóÇ ÃóÑúãóÏó ÍóÊøóì áóÍöÞó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó Íöíäó ÞóÏöãó¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÚúØóì ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó (1) : " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÛóÏðÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ» " (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÊõåõ (3) ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö ãõÏøóÉð íóÓöíÑóÉð¡ ÝóÈóÚúÏó (4) ãóæúÊöåö æóØõæáö ãõÏøóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö (5) Ãóæúáóì ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÊóåõ (6) .
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝðÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó (7) ÃõæáóÆößó Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÈõæßó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÌóÚúáõ Úóáöíøò åõæó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ áößóæúäöåö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ¡ æóÂÎöÑõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ßóÇäó (8) ÚóÇãó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóßóÇäó (9) Úóáöíøñ ÈöÇáúíóãóäö¡ æóÔóåöÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáúãóæúÓöãó áóßöäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò.
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(1) ã: æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ: 4/289
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ. È: ÎóáöíÝóÉñ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÈóÞó æõÑõæÏõåõ Ýöí (ß) .
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÚöäúÏó.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÊóØõæáõ ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉõ íóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊúäóÇåõ ãöäú (ß) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÎóáöíÝóÉð¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(7) ã: æóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ.
(8) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(9) ä¡ ã: ßóÇäó.(7/337)
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÈóÞóÇÁó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö¡ ÝóÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ (1) Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÈóÞóÇÁö ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝóÇÊõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚóÏóÏðÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÌõåøóÇáñ íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉó Èóíúäó Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóßúãóáó ãöäúåõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÕõæÕö æóÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÌóÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÏóÇáøðÇ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö (2) ãöäó ÇáúÍõáõæáö æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ãõæÓóì ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ ÝóáóíúÓó åõäóÇßó ÓóÈóÈñ íõæÌöÈõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö Ïõæäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚöíÓóì áóÇ ÈöÍõáõæáò æóáóÇ ÇÊøöÍóÇÏò (3) ¡ Èóáú Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßõáøõåõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ßõáøõåõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÝõÓøöÑó Ðóáößó ÈöÃóãúÑò ãõãúßöäò¡ ßóÍõÕõæáö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö¡ æóÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÑñ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ æóÃóãúÑñ (4) ãõãúßöäñ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ãóÚó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö: íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉó Èóíúäó Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚõãøõåõ æóÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ÑóÊøóÈõæÇ (5) Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãõäúÊóÝò
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(1) ã: íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ.
(2) ã: ãõÎúÊóÕøñ Èöåö.
(3) ã: æóáóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÎóÇÐò.
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÃóãúÑò.
(5) ä¡ ã: íõÑóÊøöÈõæÇ.(7/338)
Ýóãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÓöíÑóÉó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó åõäóÇßó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ ÈöãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ¡ Èóáú ÝóÖóÇÆöáõåõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò¡ æóæöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÑøóÏøõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÓõÈøõæäóåõ¡ Ãóæú íõÝóÓøöÞõæäóåõ¡ Ãóæú íõßóÝøöÑõæäóåõ (1) ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ýöí ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö.
ÝóÝöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ÑóÏøñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÑóÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö.
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖõ¡ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÔöíÚóÊóåõ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ¡ æóíóÞúÏóÍõæäó (2) Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõãú Ýöí ÈöÏúÚóÊöåöãú ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÏóÍõæäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ãõÖúØóÑöÈõæäó Ýöíåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö äóæúÚõ äöíóÇÈóÉò¡ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ áößõáøö æóáöíøö ÃóãúÑò¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ (ãóäú) (3) íóÕúáõÍõ áöáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÈóÔöíÑö Èúäö (ÚóÈúÏö) ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö (4) ¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõØóÇáóÈñ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÈöãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÍõÞõæÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóíõÝóÓøöÞõæäóåõ æóíõßóÝøöÑõæäóåõ.
(2) ã: Ãóæú íóÞúÏóÍõæäó.
(3) ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóßóÐóáößó ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ È: æóÐóáößó ßóÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò.(7/339)
ßóãóÇ íõØóÇáóÈõ ÈöÐóáößó æõáóÇÉõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÝóáóÇ íõØóÇáóÈõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó¡ æóÃóÏøóì ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉó¡ æóäóÕóÍó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó¡ æóÚóÈóÏó Çááøóåó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáúíóÞöíäõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö¡ ÝóÝöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÌöåóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÓúãõ ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúÚõãøóÇáö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Úóáóì æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ßóÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑøö ßóÇäó * ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝõ æóßöíáðÇ ãóÍúÖðÇ (1) íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö Çáúãõæóßøóáõ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ßóÇäó * (2) æóáöíøðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ íóÚúãóáõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ (3) ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú * æóßöíáðÇ áöáúãóíøöÊö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ Ãõæáõæ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÔóÎúÕðÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ ÈöæöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó * (4) åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝó ãõÖóÇÝñ Åöáóíúåö áóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÈöÃóãúÑö ãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóì ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ áóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóÃóíúäó (5) åóÐóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ! ¿
æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö: Åöäøó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÔóÎøóÕóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÇäúÞóÖóì Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ: Åöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö Úóáóì
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(1) Ó: ãõÎúÊóÕøñ¡ È: ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) Ó¡ È: Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÅöäøó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/340)
ÔóíúÁò¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö (1) .
[ÇáÑÇÈÚ Ãóäøó ÇáäóÈøóí Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚóáíøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãóÚó ÞöÕóÑö ãõÏøóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: (2) : " ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãóÚó ÞöÕóÑö ãõÏøóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö (3) ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú (4) íóßõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó (5) ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ (6) áóãú íóÚúÒöáúåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýóíóßõæäõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð (áóåõ) (7) ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÝöíåóÇ (8) ßóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó æóÃóãúËóÇáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáÏøóÇÍöÖóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÈóíúÊö (9) ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ ãöäú æõÌõæåò:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäú äóÞõæáó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö: Åöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ: Èóáö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ Þöíáó: ÇáÑøóÇæöäúÏöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó¡ æóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ Úöáúãñ ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÃóÍóÏò ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 169 (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÚó ÞõÕõæÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(4) ß: ÝóíóÌöÈõ áóåõ Ãóäú.
(5) ß: ÎóáöíÝóÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóäøóåõ.
(7) áóåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(8) ß: Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
(9) ÈóíúÊö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ È.(7/341)
Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõåóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóáóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ åóÐóÇ.
ÝóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãöíÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÇáöãö ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: ÃóäúÊõãú áóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌñ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÍóíúËõ ÞöÓúÊõãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáúãóãóÇÊö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúãóÛöíÈö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ äóÍúäõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÇ äóÈøóåúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóÊóæóÞøõÝöåö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÔóÇåöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (1) ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÓöíóÇÓóÊöåóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú äóÇÆöÈöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÇäúÞóØóÚó Úóäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ: {æóßõäúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ ãóÇ ÏõãúÊõ Ýöíåöãú} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 117) ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ áóãú íóÞõáú: ßóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÊöí ÇáÔøóåöíÏó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö.
æóßóÐóáößó ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÃóÞõæáõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó
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(1) ã: Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.(7/342)
ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ: {æóßõäúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ ãóÇ ÏõãúÊõ Ýöíåöãú} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 117) (1) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÃóÝóÅöäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó ÇäúÞóáóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈößõãú æóãóäú íóäúÞóáöÈú Úóáóì ÚóÞöÈóíúåö Ýóáóäú íóÖõÑøó Çááøóåó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓóíóÌúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 144) .
ÝóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈöãóæúÊöåö ÇäúÞóØóÚó Úóäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ¡ æóåõæó áóæö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõæóáøöí ÇáÑøóÌõáó æöáóÇíóÉð¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ßóÐöÈóåõ ÝóíóÚúÒöáõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ æóáøóì ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò¡ æóåõæó áóæö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÑóÌõáðÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÔóåöíÏðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÑóÏøöåö ÚóãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ßõáøö æóáöíøö ÃóãúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó æóáöíøö ÃóãúÑò - ÑóÓõæáðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÅöãóÇãðÇ - Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó ÝöíãóÇ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöäóÇÆöÈöåö. ÝóãóÇ ÔóåöÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ãóãúßóäóåõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãóåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÅöÞóÇãóÊõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóáöíÝóÉò íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ Úóáóíúåö Ýóíõæóáøöí Úóáóì ãóäú ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö ãóäú íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö¡ æóíóäúåóÇåõãú Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö¡ æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍõÞõæÞó¡ æóíõÞöíãõ Ýöíåöãú (2)
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/168 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÑúíóãó) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÊõÍúÔóÑõæäó ÍõÝóÇÉð ÚõÑóÇÉð ÛõÑúáðÇ. .¡ Ëõãøó íõÄúÎóÐõ ÈöÑöÌóÇáò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÐóÇÊó Çáúíóãöíäö æóÐóÇÊó ÇáÔøöãóÇáö¡ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈöåöãú ãõäúÐõ ÝóÇÑóÞúÊóåõãú¡ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúíóãó: ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/55 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö) 6/97¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/4 - 5 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö) .
(2) Ó¡ È: Úóáóíúåöãú.(7/343)
ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó¡ æóíóÚúÏöáõ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóíõæóáøöí (1) ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ íõÕóáøõæäó Èöåöãú (2) ¡ æóíõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Èöåöãú¡ æóíóÓõæÓõæäóåõãú¡ æóíõÄóãøöÑõ ÃõãóÑóÇÁó Úóáóì (3) ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãøóÑó ÚóÊøóÇÈó Èúäó ÃõÓóíúÏò Úóáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÃóãøóÑó ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÃóÈóÇäó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäó ÍóÑúÈò¡ æóãõÚóÇÐðÇ¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì Úóáóì ÞõÑóì ÚõÑóíúäóÉó¡ æóÚóáóì äóÌúÑóÇäó¡ æóÚóáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ ÚõãøóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÝóíóÞúÈöÖõæäóåóÇ ãöãøóäú ÊóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõÚúØõæäóåóÇ áöãóäú ÊóÍöáøõ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò.
æóßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÃõäóíúÓò: " «íóÇ ÃõäóíúÓõ ÇÛúÏõ Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÉö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝóÊú ÝóÇÑúÌõãúåóÇ» " (4) ÝóÛóÏóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóÇÚúÊóÑóÝóÊú ÝóÑóÌóãóåóÇ.
æóßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÚóÇãó ÊöÓúÚò ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ æóíóÃúÊóãöÑõ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó (5) ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó.
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(1) : Ýóæóáøóì
(2) : ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Èöåöãú
(3) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) áöÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/102 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæößóÇáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúæößóÇáóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö) ¡ 8/167 Ü 168 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ) 8/172 Ü 173 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóãóì ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ æóÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ. . .) ¡ 8/176 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åóáú íõÃóãøöÑõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÑóÌõáðÇ. . .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/441¡ 443 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÞöíäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌúãö Úóáóì ÇáËøóíøöÈö)
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóßóÐóáößó(7/344)
ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÍóÌøó æóÇÚúÊóãóÑó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóÈóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáóÞö¡ æóÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö¡ æóÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóì ãõÊóæóáøöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú äóÈöíøðÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõ ÈóÚúÏó * ãóæúÊöåö áößóæúäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÃóãúÑðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ áóÇ íõÄóÏøóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó * (1) ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóÇÚóÊõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö Ýóíõãúßöäõåõãú Ãóäú íõÚóíøöäõæÇ ãóäú íõÄóãøöÑõæäóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ßõáøö ÝõÑõæÖö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò - Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú æõÌõæÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æõÌõæÈõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÇÌöÈñ Ýöí ÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõãú (2) ãóäú íõÞöíãõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó¡ æóíóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÝöí ÞóÈúÖö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö¡ æóÍöÝúÙö ãóÇáö ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ æóÝöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÛóÒúæö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
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(2) ä¡ ã: Úóäúåõ
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãóäú íóÔúÊóßöí
(4) ã: ÓóÚöíÏó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ(7/345)
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ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Åöäøó ÊóÑúßó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö (5) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Çááøóåõ áöäóÈöíøöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ãóäú áóíúÓó
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(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/56 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö) æóäóÕøõåõ Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. . ÞóÇáó: " ÈóÚóËó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓóÑöíøóÉð ÝóÓóáøóÍóÊú ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÓóíúÝðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóÇ áóÇãóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÚóÌöÒúÊõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÚóËúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúßõãú Ýóáóãú íóãúÖö áöÃóãúÑöí¡ Ãóäú ÊóÌúÚóáõæÇ ãóßóÇäóåõ ãóäú íóãúÖöí áöÃóãúÑöí¿ " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) . 4/160
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõÝóæøöÖõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÅöäú
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ(7/346)
ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóßóÇäó íóÕúÏõÑõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö äõæøóÇÈöåö ÃõãõæÑñ ãõäúßóÑóÉñ ÝóíõäúßöÑõåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóíóÚúÒöáõ ãóäú íóÚúÒöáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö Èóäöí ÌõÐóíúãóÉó ÝóÞóÊóáóåõãú¡ ÝóæóÏóÇåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäöÕúÝö ÏöíøóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÝóÖóãöäó áóåõãú ÍóÊøóì ãóíúáóÛóÉó ÇáúßóáúÈö (1) ¡ æóÑóÝóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÏóíúåö (2) Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åöáóíúßó ãöãøóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÎóÇáöÏñ» ". (3)
æóÇÎúÊóÕóãó ÎóÇáöÏñ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó (4) ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» " (5) ¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúÒöáö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóÇáöÏðÇ.
æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Úóáóì ÕóÏóÞóÇÊö Þóæúãò ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇãúÊóäóÚõæÇ¡ æóÍóÇÑóÈõæÇ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÛóÒúæóåõãú¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉò} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 6) .
æóæóáøóì ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõ Ãóäøó ÓóÚúÏðÇ ÞóÇáó:
Çáúíóæúãõ íóæúãõ ÇáúãóáúÍóãóÉö Çáúíóæúãõ ÊõÓúÊóÈóÇÍõ ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉõ ÚóÒóáóåõ¡ æóæóáøóì ÇÈúäóåõ ÞóíúÓðÇ¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó ÈöÚöãóÇãóÊöåö ÚóáóÇãóÉð Úóáóì ÚóÒúáöåö áöíóÚúáóãó ÓóÚúÏñ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÃóãúÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóßóÇäó íõÔúÊóßóì Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ äõæøóÇÈöåö ÝóíóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó (6) Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÔúÊóßóì Ãóåúáõ
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(1) ã: ÍóÊøóì íóÈúáõÛóåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(2) Ó¡ È: íóÏóåõ
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/486 Ü 487
(4) Ó¡ È: áóãóÇ ÈóáóÛó
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/21
(6) Ó¡ È: ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ(7/347)
ÞõÈóÇÁó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ áöÊóØúæöíáöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Èöåöãú¡ áóãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " «ÃóÝóÊøóÇäñ ÃóäúÊó íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ¿ ÇÞúÑóÃú ÈöÓóÈøöÍö ÇÓúãó ÑóÈøößó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóÇááøóíúáö ÅöÐóÇ íóÛúÔóì¡ æóäóÍúæöåóÇ» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Åöäøöí ÃóÊóÎóáøóÝõ Úóäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ãöãøóÇ íõØóæøöáõ ÈöäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÝóáúíõÎóÝøöÝú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝó¡ æóÇáúßóÈöíÑó¡ æóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Õóáøóì áöäóÝúÓöåö ÝóáúíõØóæøöáú ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó " (2) .
æóÑóÃóì ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÕóÞó Ýöí ÞöÈúáóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÝóÚóÒóáóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó Åöäøóßó ÂÐóíúÊó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ» " (3) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ü ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ü Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/26 Ü 27 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú áóãú íóÑó ÅößúÝóÇÑó ãóäú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇåöáðÇ) æóÃóæøóáóåõ: Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇÐó Èúäó ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí Þóæúãóåõ ÝóíõÕóáøöí Èöåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝóÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÊóÌóæøóÒó ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÕóáøóì ÕóáóÇÉð ÎóÝöíÝóÉð. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/339 Ü 340 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÔóÇÁö) ; Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/292 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) ; Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/76 Ü 77 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) . 3/124¡ 229¡ 300¡ 308¡ 369
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ü ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ü Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ü Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/138 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ Õóáøóì áöäóÝúÓöåö ÝóíõØóæøöáõ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó) æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: " ÅöÐóÇ Õóáøóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãú áöáäøóÇÓö ÝóáúíõÎóÝøöÝú. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/341 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈöÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóãóÇãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/150 Ü 151 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóáúíõÎóÝøöÝú) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 13/201¡ (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/502¡ 537¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóäóÓò¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÃóÈöí æóÇÞóÏò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò "
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóåúáóÉó ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö Èúäö ÎóáøóÇÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/189 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáúÈõÒóÇÞö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö) æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóãøó ÞóæúãðÇ ÝóÈóÕóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóäúÙõÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Íöíäó ÝóÑóÛó: " áóÇ íõÕóáøöí áóßõãú " ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó áóåõãú¡ ÝóãóäóÚõæåõ æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæåõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÐóßøóÑó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú " æóÍóÓöÈúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " Åöäøóßó ÂÐóíúÊó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)(7/348)
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ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö íõÚóáøöãõ ÎõáóÝóÇÁóåõ ãóÇ ÌóåöáõæÇ¡ æóíõÞóæøöãõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÛõæÇ¡ æóíóÚúÒöáõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöíãõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõæóáøöíó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ýóáóæú ßõáøöÝó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóßõáøöÝó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÝóÇÊó ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö¡ æóÝóÓóÏóÊú ÃóÍúæóÇáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ - Èóáú íóÌöÈõ - Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò Ýóáóæö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö áóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó (2) ÃóíúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóßóÇäó áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãóåõ¡ æóíõÞóæøöãóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÝóßóÇäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó (3) .
æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóåóÇ ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö æóäóåúíõåõ¡ æóÚóáöãõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóäóåóì Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóåõãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõæäó ãóäú íóÞõæãõ ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóíõÚóÇæöäõæäóåõ Úóáóì ÅöÊúãóÇãöåöãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãó
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÓóÃóáóåõ
(2) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)(7/349)
ÈöÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö Èóíøóäóåõ áóåõ ãóäú íóÚúáóãõåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÚóÇæóäóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóäú íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáúÅöÚóÇäóÉõ¡ æóãóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Ýöíåö Úóäö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ÃóÚóÇÏõæåõ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú æóÚóãóáöåöãú (1) ¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóÇ Íõãøöáõæåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú áóíúÓó Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇ Íõãøöáó.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÊóÑúßó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö Ãóßúãóáõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ÞóÇÓó æõÌõæÈó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóãóÇÊö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö åõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò åõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö áöáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõãú íõæóáøõæäóåõ ãóÇ íõÛúäöíåö Úóäö ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö áöÊóßõæäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ åöíó ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉó ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóíóßõæäó ËóæóÇÈõåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóáóãøóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöËúáõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÎóÇÝó Ãóäú áóÇ íõæóáøõæåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ (2) áöÔöÏøóÊöåö¡ ÝóæóáøóÇåõ åõæó - ßóÇäó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó áöáúÃõãøóÉö.
ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó íõæóáøõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÛúäóì ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ÊóæúáöíóÊöåö¡ ãóÚó ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö áóåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóæúáöíóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãú íóßõäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó íõæóáøõæäó ÚõãóÑó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åõæó ÇááøóÇÆöÞó Èöåö áöÝóÖúáö Úöáúãöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÕöÏøöíÞõ ÇáúÃóãóÉö åõæó ÇááøóÇÆöÞõ Èöåö ÅöÐú áóãú (3) íóÚúáóãú ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
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ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó " åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝó æóÇÌöÈñ (1) ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì Þóæúáö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ¡ æóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúÒöáúåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ".
ÞõáúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇäúÚóÒóáó Úóáöíøñ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÑõÌõæÚöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõåõ íóäúÚóÒöáõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö ÍóÊøóì æóÇÝóÇåõ ÈöÇáúãóæúÓöãö Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÛóíúÑóåõ.
ÃóÝóÊóÑóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÞöíãðÇ æóÚóáöíøñ ÈöÇáúíóãóäö¡ æóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¿ !
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãó åóÄõáóÇÁö ßóáóÇãõ ÌóÇåöáò ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó (2) ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöäóÈúÐö ÇáúÚõåõæÏö¡ æóÃóãøóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚöåö ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì.
¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÍóÌøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÌøóÉó ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò¡ æóæóÇÝóÇåõ Úóáöíøñ ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóäóÍóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöÇÆóÉó ÈóÏóäóÉò äóÍóÑó ÈöíóÏöåö ËõáõËóíúåóÇ¡ æóäóÍóÑó Úóáöíøñ ËõáõËóåóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊú Èöåö
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ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ßóÃóäøóßó ÊóÑóÇåõ ÈöÚóíúäößó¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÚöäóÇíóÉñ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ãóÛöíÈö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝö¡ Ãóæú ãóæúÊöåö (1) ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÇäúÞóÖóÊú ÎöáóÇÝóÊõåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Úóáóì ãöÕúÑöåö Ýöí ãóÛöíÈöåö ÈóØóáó ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝõåõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÖóÑó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Íóíøñ Þóíøõæãñ ÔóåöíÏñ (2) ãõÏóÈøöÑñ áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ãõäóÒøóåñ Úóäö ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÇáäøóæúãö¡ æóÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõ ÎóáöíÝóÉó Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú ÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÍóÓúÈöí Ðóáößó (3) .
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúáõÝõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö æóÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóåúáö» " (4) ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö: " «æóÇááøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÊöí Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò» " (5) .
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æóßõáøõ ãóäú æóÕóÝóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ Úóäú ãóÎúáõæÞò ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóåõ.
ßóÞóæúáöåö: {Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÎóáóÇÆöÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú} (ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 14) {æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Þóæúãö äõæÍò} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 69) {æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãöäúßõãú æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö áóíóÓúÊóÎúáöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåöãú} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 55) .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30) Ãóíú: Úóäú ÎóáúÞò ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó (1) ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏöíøóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÎóáöíÝóÉõ Çááøóåö ÝóåóÐóÇ Ìóåúáñ æóÖóáóÇáñ.
[ÇáÎÇãÓ ÍÏíË ÃäÊ ÃÎí ææÕíí æÎáíÝÊí ãä ÈÚÏí]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ:: (3) " ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ (4) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (5) : «ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí (6)
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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÅöáóíúåóÇ (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóåõ (2) ÅöãóÇãñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
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ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (5) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò Ãóäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ íóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì Úöáúãò ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóäóÞóáóÊöåóÇ (6) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÏóÞó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÚöíÝöåö áóíóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóãöËúáóåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Èóáú æóßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÎúÑöÌúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ãóäú íóÑúæöíåö Ýöí
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(5) ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí Ðóáößó: ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉó áöáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøö¡ Õ 346 ; ÊóäúÒöíåó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö 1/353
(6) È: æóäóÞúáöåóÇ(7/354)
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ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " áóãøóÇ Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (3) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Óóåúáö Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÑóÌóÇÁò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö (4) Èúäõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóØóÑõ Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò ÇáúÅöÓúßóÇÝõ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò (5) Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÃóÎöí¡ æóæóÒöíÑöí¡ æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí (6) ãöäú (7) Ãóåúáöí¡ æóÎóíúÑó ãóäú ÃóÊúÑõßõ ÈóÚúÏöí íóÞúÖöí Ïóíúäöí¡ æóíõäúÌöÒõ ãóæúÚöÏöí Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò» (8) " ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ãóØóÑõ Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö áóÇ ÊóÍöáøõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ "..
ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÍúãóÏó (9) Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò ÈöäóÍúæö åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóãóÏóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì
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(1) È: ßóÊóÝúÓöíÑö
(2) ã: æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøõ
(3) Ýöí 1/347
(4) ã: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö
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(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÎóáöíáöí
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(8) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æõÚõæÏöí Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö " 1/326
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó(7/355)
ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì Úóäú ãóØóÑö Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÕóÏõæÞðÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ áóßöäøóåõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö ÝóßóÇäó áöÊóÔóíøõÚöåö íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ åóæóÇåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäú ãóØóÑö Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò åóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Úöáóãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ áöåóæóÇåõ áóãú íóÈúÍóËú Úóäú ßóÐöÈöåö¡ æóáóæú ÈóÍóËó Úóäúåõ áóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó (1) : " «æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí» ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö: " «æóÎóáöíÝóÊöí Ýöí Ãóåúáöí» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝñ ÎóÇÕøñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ (2) ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó (3) : " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó (4) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÏöíøõ (5) Èúäö Óóåúáò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóØóÑñ (6) Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Úóáöíøñ ÃóÎöí¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈöí¡ æóÇÈúäõ Úóãøöí¡ æóÎóíúÑõ ãóäú ÃóÊúÑõßõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí (7) ¡ íóÞúÖöí Ïóíúäöí¡ æóíõäúÌöÒõ ãóæúÚöÏöí» " (8) .
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãóØóÑðÇ åóÐóÇ ßóÐøóÇÈñ¡ áóãú (9) íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö
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(1) åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ó) ¡ (È) . æóÝöí (ä) : ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó åóÄõáóÇÁö. æóÓóÞóØóÊú " åóÄõáóÇÁö " ãöäú (ã)
(2) ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö 1/378
(4) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÞóÇáó ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÞóÇáó.
(5) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: Úóáóì.
(6) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ãóØóÑñ ÇáúÅöÓúßóÇÝö
(7) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ãóäú ÃóÊúÑõßõ ÈóÚúÏöí
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãõ ÇÈúäõ ãóØóÑö Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö¡ áóÇ ÊóÍöáøõ Úóäúåõ
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóãú(7/356)
ãóÚó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ýóáóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäõ¡ æóáóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÂÏóãó¡ æóáóÇ ÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ãóäú ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóãóÚó Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÚóæóÇãøöåóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóíóÑúæöí ÍóÏöíËóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÞóÏú íóÑúæöíóÇäö Úóäú ÖõÚóÝóÇÁó¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈó åóæðì ãõÊóÔóíøöÚðÇ ÝóßóÇäó áöÃóÌúáö åóæóÇåõ íóÑúæöí Úóäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ßóÐøóÇÈöíäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóßúÊõÈú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì (1) ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ãóäøó ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö (2) ßóÇäó íõÙúåöÑõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö.
æóãöãøóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóÇåõ ãóØóÑñ åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö " ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ ÚöäúÏó ãóØóÑò (3) ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÑóÃóì ÚóáöíøðÇ ãõÞúÈöáðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóäóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÍõÌøóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» "¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö (4) : " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãõ ÈöæóÖúÚöåö ãóØóÑñ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö áóÇ ÊóÍöáøõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ ".
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Ïóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (5) áóãú íóÞúÖöåö Úóáöíøñ¡
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(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Èúäó ÚöíÓóì¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö " 3/16: " ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ËöÞóÉñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÔöíÚöíøñ ãõÊóÍóÑøöÞñ. . ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö "
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(4) Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/383
(5) ã: Ïóíúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó(7/357)
Èóáú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇÊó¡ æóÏöÑúÚõåõ ãóÑúåõæäóÉñ ÚöäúÏó íóåõæÏöíøò Úóáóì ËóáóÇËöíäó æóÓúÞðÇ ãöäú ÔóÚöíÑò ÇÈúÊóÇÚóåóÇ áöÃóåúáöåö» (1) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóíúäõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö íõÞúÖóì ãöäó ÇáÑøóåúäö ÇáøóÐöí Ñóåóäóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ïóíúäñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÞúÊóÓöãõ (2) æóÑóËóÊöí ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõ ÈóÚúÏó äóÝóÞóÉö äöÓóÇÆöí¡ æóãõÄúäóÉö ÚóÇãöáöí Ýóåõæó ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» " (3) .
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö Ïöíäñ ÞõÖöíó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (4) .
[ÇáÓÇÏÓ ÍÏíË ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉ]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: (5) " ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: ÍóÏöíËõ (6) ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö. Ñóæóì ÃóäóÓñ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/141 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . .) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÏöÑúÚõåõ ãóÑúåõæäóÉñ ÚöäúÏó íóåõæÏöíøò ÈöËóáóÇËöíäó ÕóÇÚðÇ ãöäú ÔóÚöíÑò ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ü ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ü Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/15 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÈöíÕóÉõ) . æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ æóãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóäóÓò æóÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö íóÒöíÏó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/344 ((ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁö Åöáóì ÃóÌóáò) ; Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/344 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøöÑóÇÁö Åöáóì ÃóÌóáò) ; Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 7/367 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/815 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøõåõæäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 2109¡ 2724¡ 2743¡ 3409¡ (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) . 3/102¡ 6/453¡ 457
(2) Ó¡ È: áóÇ íõÞóÓøöãõ
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/214
(4) Ó¡ È:. . . ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ Ü æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 169 (ã) Ü 170 (ã)
(6) ÍóÏöíËõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) . æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (ã) ßõÊöÈó ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö: " ãóØúáóÈñ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÈóíúäó Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ "(7/358)
«Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö (1) ¡ æóÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ (2) æóÇÞöÝñ íóÑóÇåõ æóíóÚúÑöÝõåõ (3) ¡ æóáóãú íõÄóÇÎö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÈóÇßöíðÇ (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó (5) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÈóÇßöíó ÇáúÚóíúäö (6) ¡ [ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ¡ ÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÇÆúÊöäöí Èöåö¡ ÝóãóÖóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÏóÎóáó ãóäúÒöáóåõ ÈóÇßöíó ÇáúÚóíúäö] (7) ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ: ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó (8) ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóáóãú íõÄóÇÎö (9) Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ÞóÇáóÊú: áóÇ íõÎúÒöíßó (10) Çááøóåõ¡ áóÚóáøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÏøóÎóÑóßó (11) áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöáóÇáñ: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ ÃóÌöÈú ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÃóÊóì ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó (12) íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¿ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÏøóÎöÑõßó (13) áöäóÝúÓöí¡ ÃóáóÇ íóÓõÑøõßó
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(1) ß: ÃóäóÓñ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉõ
(2) æóÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÚóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(3) ß: æóíóÚúÑöÝõ ãóßóÇäóåõ
(4) ß: Èóíúäóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò: ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈóÇßöíó ÇáúÚóíúäö
(5) ß: ÝóÇÝúÊóÞóÏóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó. .
(6) ä¡ Ó: ÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÈóÇßöíðÇ ÈóÇßöíó ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ ã: ÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÈóÇßöíðÇ.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö
(8) ß: ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó áóÇ ÃóÈúßóì Çááøóåõ Úóíúäóíúßó
(9) ß:. . . . æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäóÇ æóÇÞöÝñ íóÑóÇäöí æóíóÚúÑöÝõ ãóßóÇäöí¡ æóáóãú íõÄóÇÎö
(10)) ßõÊöÈó ÝóæúÞó åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõØõæÑö Ýöí (ß) : íõÍúÒöäõßó
(11) 11) ã: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊúÑõßõ. .
(12) 12) ß: ÃóÌöÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó.
(13) ß (Õ 170 ã) : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇÎóíúÊó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäóÇ æóÇÞöÝñ ÊóÑóÇäöí æóÊóÚúÑöÝõ ãóßóÇäöí¡ æóáóãú ÊõæóÇÎö Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÏøóÎóÑúÊõßó. . .(7/359)
Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÎóÇ äóÈöíøößó¿ ÞóÇáó: Èóáóì¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöåö ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó åóÐóÇ (1) ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÃóáóÇ Åöäøóåõ ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì¡ ÃóáóÇ ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ (2) ¡ ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ (3) ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÈóÎò ÈóÎò íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö (4) ¡ ÃóÕúÈóÍúÊó ãóæúáóÇíó¡ æóãóæúáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò» (5) ÝóÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ (6) ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúÒõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Åöáóì ßöÊóÇÈò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ íóÚúÒõæ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ íóÚúÒõæ Åöáóì ßõÊõÈò áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ æóåõäóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÅöÑúÓóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÉö ÃóÓúáóÇÝöåö ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö íóßúÐöÈõæäó æóíóÑúæõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö¡ áóæúáóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ áóÞóÇáó ãóäú ÔóÇÁó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáó: æóÞóÝó æóÊóÍóíøóÑó (7) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áóÇ íóÑúÊóÇÈõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (8) ¡ æóæóÇÖöÚõåõ ÌóÇåöáñ ßóÐóÈó ßóÐöÈðÇ
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(1) ß: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäøöí ÑóÇÖò ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÃóÑúÞóÇåõ ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ. . . .
(2) ß: ÝóåóÐóÇ Úóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ
(3) ß: ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÑöíÑó ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ
(4) ß: ÈóÎò ÈóÎò áóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö
(5) ã: ãõÓúáöãò æóãõÓúáöãóÉò
(6) ß: æóÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉõ
(7) ä: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáó Úóãøóäú äõÈúÞöí ; Ó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáó Úóãøóäú áóÞöíó ; È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ íõÓúÆóáõ Úóãøóäú áóÞöíó
(8) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÐõßöÑó ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÎñ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò (Õ [0 - 9] 53 Ü 354) æóáóßöäøóåóÇ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò(7/360)
ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ãóßúÔõæÝðÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó (1) ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö áöÚóáöíøò ßõáøõåóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ (2) ¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íõÄóÇÎö ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò æóãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøò æóÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøò¡ æóáóßöäú ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÞõÏõæãöåö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó (3) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉõ ÝóßóÇäóÊú áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó æóÝúÏõ äóÌúÑóÇäó ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò¡ Ãóæú ÚóÔúÑò ãöäö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö (4) .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÏóáóÇÆöáó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö æóÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö "¡ æóÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉõ ßóÇäóÊú áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó æóÝúÏõ äóÌúÑóÇäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÓõæÑóÉó Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ "¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÇáøóÐöíäó Ñóæóæúåõ áóãú íóÑúæõæåõ åóßóÐóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí
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(2) ÝóÇÌúÊóåóÏó: Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö
(3) ß: íõÌóÈøöäõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ æóíõÌóÈøöäõåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ
(4) ß: ÊóÑóæúäöí
(5) ä¡ ã: Úóíúäöåö
(6) Ó: ÝóÈõÑúÁõ ; È: ÝóÈóÑõÃó¡ æóÝöí " ÇááøöÓóÇäö " " æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÈóÑóÃúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÑóÖö ÈõÑúÁðÇ ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÈóÑöÆúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÑóÖö "
(7) ä¡ ã: æóÃóÚúØóÇåõ
(8) ã: Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ÎóíúÈóÑó
(9) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: æóÞõÊöáó ãõÑóÍøóÈñ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß)(7/365)
Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ Úóäú ÎóíúÈóÑó áóãú íóßõäú ÍóÇÖöÑðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÎóáøóÝó Úóäö ÇáúÛõÒóÇÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÑúãóÏó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÔóÞøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÝõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóáóÍöÞóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏõæãöåö: " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ íóÝúÊóÍõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö» " (1) .
æóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÑøóÇíóÉõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóÇ áöÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÑöÈóåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ÝóãóÇ ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉó ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ æóÈóÇÊó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú íóÑúÌõæäó Ãóäú íõÚúØóÇåóÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÏóÚóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ (2) : Åöäøóåõ ÃóÑúãóÏõ ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ ÝóÊóÝóáó Ýöí Úóíúäóíúåö (3) ÍóÊøóì ÈóÑóÃó ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ".
æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ ÌóÒóÇÁó ãóÌöíÁö Úóáöíøò ãóÚó ÇáÑøóãóÏö¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÇÖöÑò áóÇ íóÑúÌõæäóåõ ãöäú ßóÑóÇãóÇÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÊóäúÞöíÕñ ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÕúáðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑóåõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÝöíåö ÑóÏøñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö áóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÊóÞõæáõ áóåõãú åõæó ãöãøóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóãøóÇ Íóßøóãó ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö Åöäøóßó ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÏóÏúÊó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÚõÏú Åöáóíúåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö " (4) : " ÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ Úóáóì ßõÝúÑö Úóáöíøò " (5) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/289
(2) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóíöäöåö
(4) Ýöí " ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó " 1/156
(5) ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó: Úóáóì ÅößúÝóÇÑö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú Íóßøóãó.(7/366)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýóíõãúßöäõåõãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö Þóæúáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò áóßöäøóåóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõãú ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ Ïóáöíáò Úóáóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÇÊó ãõÄúãöäðÇ¡ Èóáú Ãóíøõ Ïóáöíáò ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÞõÏöÍó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íõÈúØöáõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÕúáõåõãú ÝóÇÓöÏñ.
æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ÛóíúÑõåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ áóßöäøó Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó áöÚóíúäöåö (1) ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÔóåöÏó áöÃóÚúíóÇäö ÇáúÚóÔúÑóÉö ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÔóåöÏó áöËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÔóåöÏó áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÍöãóÇÑò ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ (2) ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÖóÑóÈóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö ãóÑøóÇÊò.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " Åöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ".
Ýöíåö ÌóæóÇÈóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú Óõáøöãó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ íóÝúÊóÍõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö» ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚõ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÊúÍó ßóÇäó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕó¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú Þöíáó: áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÝóÞöíÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ æóáóÃóÏúÚõæøóäó Çáúíóæúãó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãóÑöíÖðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ Ãóæú áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó (3) åóÐöåö ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÔõÌóÇÚðÇ¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó - áóãú
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÈöÚóíúäöåö
(2) ÒóÇÏóÊú (ã) ÝóÞóØú: æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ
(3) Ó¡ È: æóáóÃõÚúØöíóäøó(7/367)
íóßõäú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáÕøöÝóÉó áóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãóæúÕõæÝñ ÈöÐóáößó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóæú äóÐóÑó Ãóäøó íóÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöÃóáúÝö ÏöÑúåóãò Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Ãóæú ÝóÞöíÑò ÝóÃóÚúØóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÐõæÑó áöæóÇÍöÏò áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÛóíúÑõåõ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÚúØõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáó áöÑóÌõáò ÞóÏú ÍóÌøó Úóäøöí ÝóÃóÚúØóæúåõ ÑóÌõáðÇ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú íóÍõÌøó Úóäúåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó ËõÈõæÊõ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ (1) áóãú íóÏõáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãóÇãñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ ãóäúÕõæÕñ (2) Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö¡ æóãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ (3) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÊóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú æöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÌóæøöÒõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú íõÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáöåö (4) ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ Ãóæú ãöãøóäú íóÑóì Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÙóäøöíøóÉñ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÝöíåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÉö æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÞóÏú íóÔõßøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõæäó Ýóßõáøõåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóäóÞóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö " (ãõÓúäóÏóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö) (5) ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ
(2) ã: æóãóäúÕõæÕñ
(3) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ
(4) È: Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ãõÓúäóÏóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö " Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú(7/368)
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ". (1)
æóÑóæóì ãóÇáößñ¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äõÝóÇÖöáõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ (2) .
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó äóÞúáõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú Úóáöíøò åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó (3) .
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(1) ß: ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò
(2) È: Úóáóì ÍóÇÌóÊöåö
(3) ß: ÝóÏóÞøó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúÈóÇÈó
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(5) È: ÍóÇÌóÊöåö
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ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÐúåóÈó (1) ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóì Çááøóåö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íõÑúÓöáó íóØúáõÈõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú íóÞõæáó Çááøóåõãøó ÇÆúÊöäöí ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúßó¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö æóÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö Ýöí Ðóáößó¿ ! æóáóæú Óóãøóì ÚóáöíøðÇ áóÇÓúÊóÑóÇÍó ÃóäóÓñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÌóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóáóãú íõÛúáöÞö ÇáúÈóÇÈó Ýöí æóÌúåö Úóáöíøò.
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(1) ã: ãóÐóÇåöÈó(7/374)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Ðóáößó ÈóØóáó ãóÇ íóÏøóÚõæäóåõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó Ýöí áóÝúÙöåö: " «ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúßó æóÅöáóíøó» " ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúåö¿ !
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÊóáóÞøöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö ÊõäóÇÞöÖõ åóÐóÇ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊõÚóÇÑóÖõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íõÕóÍøöÍõæåõ¿ !
íõÈóíøöäõ (1) åóÐóÇ áößõáøö ãõÊóÃóãøöáò ãóÇ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (2) ¡ æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ» "¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖñ¡ Èóáú ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃõÎúÑöÌó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú æõÌõæåò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáúÎõáøóÉõ åöíó ßóãóÇáõ ÇáúÍõÈøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö (4) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõãúßöäóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóÕúáõÍú áóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö áóãøóÇ ÓõÆöáó: " «Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ " Þöíáó: ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÈõæåóÇ» " (5) .
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: " ÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõäóÇ æóÓóíøöÏõäóÇ æóÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ã: ÝóíõÈóíøöäõ
(2) ã: áößõáøö ãõÊóÃóãøöáò Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512 æóÝöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì
(4) ã: Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/303(7/375)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " (1) íóÞõæáõåõ ÚõãóÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ íõäúßöÑõ Ðóáößó ãõäúßöÑñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÍóÈøõåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÈøõåõãú Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÊúÞóÇåõãú (æóÃóßúÑóãõåõãú) (2) æóÃóßúÑóãõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Úóáóì (3) Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÊúÞóÇåõãú ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÊúÞóÇåõãú ; áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {æóÓóíõÌóäøóÈõåóÇ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì - ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÊöí ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì - æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì - ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó æóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - æóáóÓóæúÝó íóÑúÖóì} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 18 - 21) .
æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö (4) íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò (5) .
æóäóÍúäõ äõÈóíøöäõ ÕöÍøóÉó Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÝóäóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ äóæúÚðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÔóÎúÕðÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó äóæúÚðÇ Ýóåõæó íóÌúãóÚõ ÃóÔúÎóÇÕðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõãú áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÔóÎúÕñ åõæó ÃóÊúÞóì ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÊúÞóì ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ Þóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÃóÊúÞóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó: åõæó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö: åõæó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóíõÍúßóì Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ æóãóäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ãóæú Ôóßøó áóãú íóÞõáú:
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/518
(2) æóÃóßúÑóãõåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(3) ã: Åöáóì
(4) ä: æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö
(5) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÍóÊøóì Åöäú ÈóÚúÖóåõãú Íóßóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó(7/376)
Åöäøóåõãú ãõÓúÊóæõæäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõãú ãõÊóÓóÇæõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ (1) ÃóÊúÞóì.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì ÔóÎúÕðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæú ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÓúãó ÌöäúÓò íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó (2) ÇáäøóæúÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ Ãóæú ãõÚóíøóäðÇ (3) ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ãõäúÊóÝò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóßóæúäõåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÊöí ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì - æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì - ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó æóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - æóáóÓóæúÝó íóÑúÖóì} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 18 - 21) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ãõäúÊóÝò Ýöí Úóáöíøò áöæõÌõæåò:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó ãóßøöíøóÉñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÝóÞöíÑðÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí ÚóíøóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãóÇáñ íõäúÝöÞõ ãöäúåõ (4) ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú Öóãøóåõ Åöáóì ÚöíóÇáöåö áóãøóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú Ãóåúáó ãóßøóÉó ÓóäóÉñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 19) ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ßóÇäó áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ æóåõæó ÅöÍúÓóÇäõåõ Åöáóíúåö áóãøóÇ Öóãøóåõ Åöáóì ÚöíóÇáöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ (5) ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉñ áóßöäú ßóÇäó (6) áóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÊöáúßó áóÇ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÌúÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: åõäóÇ
(2) È: Ýóåõæó
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(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Úóáóíúåö
(5) áóåõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(6) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/377)
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ÃóÍóÏñ íóÌúÒöíåö¡ ÝóäöÚúãóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÏöíäöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ æóäöÚúãóÊõåõ ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ æóÏöíäöíøóÉñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì áóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ËóÇÈöÊñ Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö (1) Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúÝóÞó ãóÇáóåõ áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö áóÇ ÌóÒóÇÁð áöãóäú ÃóäúÚóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ÃóÚúØóì ãóäú ÃóÍúÓóäó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ (2) ¡ æóÃóÚúØóì ÔóíúÆðÇ ÂÎóÑó áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì.
Þöíáó: åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßóÐóáößó¡ áóßöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó áóãú íõäúÝöÞú ÅöáøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõ (3) Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõÕõ ÅöäúÝóÇÞõåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒóÇÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÎúáõÕõ ÅöäúÝóÇÞõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÊúÞóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßöäøó (4) ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóßúãóáõ Ýöí æóÕúÝö ÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÞóØøõ áöãóÎúáõæÞò äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÕóÝõ ãóäú íõÌóÇÒöí ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ÅöÍúÓóÇäöåöãú Åöáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì áöãóÎúáõæÞò Úóáóíúåö ãöäøóÉñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ãõäúØóÈöÞñ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇäúØöÈóÇÞðÇ áóÇ íõÓóÇæöíåö Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó - ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóÛóíúÑóåõãú - ÑóÌõáñ (5) ÃóßúËóÑõ ÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóãóÇáöåö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó
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(5) ÑóÌõáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)(7/378)
ãõÄóáøóÝðÇ ãõÍóÈøóÈðÇ íõÚóÇæöäõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ãóÕóÇáöÍöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÏøóÛöäóÉö ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÞóÇÑøóÉö áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó: " ãöËúáõßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò áóÇ íõÎúÑóÌõ æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÊóÍúãöáõ Çáúßóáøó¡ æóÊõÞúÑöí ÇáÖøóíúÝó¡ æóÊõßúÓöÈó ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãó¡ æóÊõÚöíäõ Úóáóì äóæóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÍóÞøö ". (1)
æóÝöí ÕõáúÍö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó «áöÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: " ÇãúÕõÕú ÈóÙúÑó ÇááøóÇÊö¡ ÃóäóÍóäõ äóÝöÑøõ Úóäúåõ æóäóÏóÚõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: áóæúáóÇ íóÏñ áóßó ÚöäúÏöí áóãú ÃóÌúÒößó ÈöåóÇ áóÃóÌóÈúÊõßó» " (2) .
æóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÞóØøõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ íóÏñ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóÇ ÞóÈúáó
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/58 (åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí Õ [0 - 9] 8) (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö) . æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí: ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 2/11 Ü 13. æóÝöí ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó: " æóÇÓúãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÏøóÛöäóÉö¡ ãóÇáößñ. æóÞóÏú ÖóÈóØóåõ ÇáúÞóÓúØóáøóÇäöíøõ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÏøóÇáøö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáúÛóíúäö æóÝóÊúÍö Çáäøõæäö ãõÎóÝøóÝóÉð¡ æóÈöÖóãøö ÇáÏøóÇáøö æóÝóÊúÍö Çáäøõæäö ãõÔóÏøóÏóÉð
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáúãöÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó æóãóÑúæóÇäó¡ íõÕóÏøöÞõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: 3/193 Ü 198 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÔøõÑõæØö¡ Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáúãõÕóÇáóÍóÉö ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö æóßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö) æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí Õ 194 ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/323 Ü 326¡ 328 Ü 331. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí " 5/340: " Þóæúáõåõ: ÇãúÕõÕú ÈóÙúÑó ÇááøóÇÊö ÒóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÇÆöÐò ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Ü æóåöíó Ü Ãóíö ÇááøóÇÊõ Ü ØóÇÛöíóÊõåõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúÈõÏõ. Ãóíú ØóÇÛöíóÉõ ÚõÑúæóÉó æóÞóæúáõåõ: ÇãúÕõÕú¡ ÈöÃóáöÝö æóÕúáò æóãõåúãóáóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãóÝúÊõæÍóÉñ¡ ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö. æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáÊøöíäö Úóäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÈöÓöíøö: ÈöÖóãøö ÇáÕøóÇÏö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóÎóØøóÃóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóÙúÑõ: ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö: ÞöØúÚóÉñ ÊóÈúÞóì ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎöÊóÇäö Ýöí ÝóÑúÌö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö. æóÇááøóÇÊõ: ÇÓúãõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÞõÑóíúÔñ æóËóÞöíÝñ íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáÔøóÊúãó ÈöÐóáößó¡ áóßöäú ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÃõãøö¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉó Ýöí ÓóÈøö ÚõÑúæóÉó ÈöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ãóÞóÇãó Ãõãøöåö¡ æóÍóãóáóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÃóÛúÖóÈóåõ Èöåö ãöäú äöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÑóÇÑö¡ æóÝöíåö ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöãóÇ íõÓúÊóÈúÔóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö áöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÒóÌúÑö ãóäú ÈóÏóÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Èöåö Ðóáößó "(7/379)
ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: {æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì} ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóßóÇäó áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö äöÚúãóÉñ ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö áöÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúÞõØõ ÇáÓøóæúØõ ãöäú íóÏöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ áöÃóÍóÏò: äóÇæöáúäöí ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Îóáöíáöí ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÓóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÔóíúÆðÇ (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÍóÏöíËõ ÚõãóÑó¡ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú äóÊóÕóÏøóÞó¡ ÝóæóÇÝóÞó (2) Ðóáößó ãóÇáðÇ ÚöäúÏöí¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ Çáúíóæúãó ÃóÓúÈöÞõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ Åöäú ÓóÈóÞúÊõåõ íóæúãðÇ¡ ÝóÌöÆúÊõ ÈöäöÕúÝö ãóÇáöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ãóÇ ÃóÈúÞóíúÊó áöÃóåúáößó "¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ãöËúáõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÃóÊóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÃóÈúÞóíúÊó áöÃóåúáößó¿ "¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈúÞóíúÊõ áóåõãõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ ÃõÓóÇÈöÞõßó Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÃóÈóÏðÇ " (3) .
ÝóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÌóÇÁó ÈöãóÇáöåö ßõáøöåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íóÃúßõáõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò áóÇ ÕóÏóÞóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÕöáóÉð¡ æóáóÇ äóÐúÑðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÊøóÌöÑõ¡ æóíóÃúßõáõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈöåö (4) ¡ æóáóãøóÇ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/180 Ü 181 (ÑóÞúãõ 65) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ãõáóíúßóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÓóÞóØó ÇáúÎöØóÇãõ ãöäú íóÏö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÖúÑöÈõ ÈöÐóÇÑöÚö äóÇÞóÊöåö ÝóíõäöíÎõåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÃóÝóáóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ äõäóÇæöáõßóåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÍóÈöíÈöí ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÔóíúÆðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚöåö ". æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÇäúÙõÑú: ãõÓúáöãðÇ 2/721 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áöáäøóÇÓö) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/181
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóæóÇÝóÞó
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/52
(4) ã: ãóßúÓóÈöåö(7/380)
æóáöíó ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóÇÔúÊóÛóáó Úóäö ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉö ÈöÚóãóáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóßóáó ãöäú ãóÇáö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ áóãú íóÃúßõáú ãóäú ãóÇáö ãóÎúáõæÞò.
æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÚúØöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõ Èöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ßóæóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Èóáú íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ãóÇ íõäúÝöÞõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ (1) ÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÚöãóÇáóÉð¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÚúØóì (2) ÚõãóÑó ÚöãóÇáóÉð¡ æóÃóÚúØóì (3) ÚóáöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÇáúãõÄóáøóÝóÉó ÞõáõæÈõåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁö¡ æóÃóåúáö äóÌúÏò¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö áóÇ íõÚúØöíåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ýöí ÛóäóÇÆöãö Íõäóíúäò æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: " «Åöäøöí áóÃõÚúØöí ÑöÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóÃóÏóÚõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóÏóÚõ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí (4) ÃõÚúØöí. ÃõÚúØöí ÑöÌóÇáðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÌóÒóÚö æóÇáúåóáóÚö¡ æóÃóßöáõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäö ÇáúÛöäóì æóÇáúÎóíúÑö» ". (5)
æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ßóáóÇãñ ÓóÃóáóåõãú Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: «íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóãøóÇ Ðóæõæ ÇáÑøóÃúíö ãöäøóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÞõæáõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÃõäóÇÓñ ãöäøóÇ ÍóÏöíËóÉñ ÃóÓúäóÇäõåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö íõÚúØöí ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ¡ æóíóÊúÑõßõäóÇ æóÓõíõæÝõäóÇ ÊóÞúØõÑõ ãöäú ÏöãóÇÆöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÝóÅöäøöí ÃõÚúØöí ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ÍóÏöíËöí ÚóåúÏò ÈößõÝúÑò ÃóÊóÃúáøóÝõåõãú¡ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÑúÖóæúäó Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóÊóÑúÌöÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÑöÍóÇáößõãú ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóãóÇ ÊóäúÞóáöÈõæäó Èöåö ÎóíúÑñ ãöãøóÇ íóäúÞóáöÈõæäó Èöåö " ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ
(2) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(4) ä: ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/64(7/381)
Çááøóåö ÞóÏú ÑóÖöíäóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøóßõãú ÓóÊóÌöÏõæäó ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóËóÑóÉð ÔóÏöíÏóÉð ÝóÇÕúÈöÑõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóáúÞóæõÇ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóæúÖö " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÓóäóÕúÈöÑõ» " (1) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÓóíõÌóäøóÈõåóÇ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì - ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÊöí ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì - æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì - ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó æóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - æóáóÓóæúÝó íóÑúÖóì} (ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 17 - 21) ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁñ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: áóÇ íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö Úóáóì ãóäú áóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ íóÏñ íõßóÇÝöÆõåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö áöáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúãõÚóÇæóÖóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÄóÇÌóÑóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò Úóáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ (2) äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóáóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäó ÚóØóÇÄõåõ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áöæóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ áöÛóíúÑöåö äöÚúãóÉñ (3) (4) íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ãóäú íóÌúÒöíóåõ áóåóÇ (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ãóäú íõÚúØöíóåõ ãõÌóÇÒóÇÉð (6) áóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúØóì ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì¡ (7) ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ãõÚóÇãóáóÊöåö áöáäøóÇÓö íõßóÇÝöÆõåõãú ÏóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóíõÚóÇæöäõåõãú¡ æóíõÌóÇÒöíåöãú¡ ÝóÍöíäó ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì (8) áóãú íóßõäú áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/94 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÎõãúÓö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÚúØöí ÇáúãõÄóáøóÝóÉó ÞõáõæÈõåõãú. . .) ; ãõÓúáöãñ 2/733 Ü 734 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÇáúãõÄóáøóÝóÉö ÞõáõæÈõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. . .) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/165 Ü 166¡ 375
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ áöÃóÍóÏò
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .¡ Ýöí (ã) :. . . íóÌúÒöíåö Èöåö áóåóÇ
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .¡ Ýöí (ã) :. . . íóÌúÒöíåö Èöåö áóåóÇ
(6) ã: ãõßóÇÝóÃóÉð
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(8) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/382)
æóÝöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáó ÈöÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇæóÖóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÓúÃóáõæäóßó ãóÇÐóÇ íõäúÝöÞõæäó Þõáö ÇáúÚóÝúæó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 219) ¡ æóãóäú Êóßõæäõ Úóáóíúåö Ïõíõæäñ æóÝõÑõæÖñ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ÃóÏøóÇåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÏøöãõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó Úóáóì ÞóÖóÇÁö åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö¡ æóáóæú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýóåóáú (1) ÊõÑóÏøõ ÕóÏóÞóÊõåõ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝóíúäö áöáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÇ ãóäú ÊõÑóÏøõ (2) ÕóÏóÞóÊõåõ ; áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóËúäóì Úóáóì ãóäú ÂÊóì ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì¡ æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ÊõÌúÒóì ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÌúÒöíóåóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÄúÊöíó ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÂÊóì ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÌúÒöíóåóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóãúÏõæÍðÇ Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóãóáõåõ ãóÑúÏõæÏðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ãóäú Úóãöáó ÚóãóáðÇ áóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö ÃóãúÑõäóÇ Ýóåõæó ÑóÏøñ» " (3) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÕóÍøó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáñ ßóãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» " (4) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò» (5) ".
ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ
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(1) Ó¡ È: åóáú
(2) È: ÈöÑóÏøö
(3) ä: ãóÑúÏõæÏñ. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ãóæú ÈöáóÝúÙö: " ãóäú ÃóÍúÏóËó Ýöí ÃóãúÑöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ Ýóåõæó ÑóÏøñ ". ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó 3/69 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÌóÔö) ¡ 3/184 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøõáúÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍõæÇ Úóáóì ÕõáúÍö ÌóæúÑò Ýóåõæó ãóÑúÏõæÏñ) ¡ 9/107 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó ÇáúÚóÇãöáõ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝóÃóÎúØóÃó. . . .) ; ãõÓúáöãñ 3/1343 Ü 1344 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ äóÞúÖö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉö¡ æóÑóÏøö ãõÍúÏóËóÇÊö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö) ; Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/280 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí áõÒõæãò) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/21
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512(7/383)
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÅöäúÝóÇÞö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇÔúÊóÑóì ÓóÈúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó Ýöí Çááøóåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁð áöæóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì áóãú (1) íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÚóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÃóÌúáö äóÓóÈöåö æóÞóÑóÇÈóÊöåö áóÇ áöÃóÌúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞóÑøõÈðÇ Åöáóíúåö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó " ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì " ÇÓúãó ÌöäúÓò ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó Ýöíåö (2) ÃóÊúÞóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö¡ ÝóÃóÊúÞóÇåóÇ ÃóÊúÞóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÃóÊúÞóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (ÅöãøóÇ) (3) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ ãõäúÊóÝò ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ Åöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö áößóæúäöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÕóÇÑó áóåõ ãóÇáñ ÂÊóì ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÞúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ãóßúãóáó Ýöí ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ åõæó ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÞóÏøöãõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó ßóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóãõÕóÇÍóÈóÊöåö æóÍúÏóåõ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö (4) ¡ æóãõÎóÇØóÈóÊöåö¡ æóÊóãúßöíäöåö (5) ãöäö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇáúÅöÝúÊóÇÁö ÈöÍóÖúÑóÊöåö æóÑöÖóÇåõ ÈöÐóáößó (6) ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáøóÊöí íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåóÇ.
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(1) Ó¡ È: Ýóáóãú
(2) Ó¡ È: ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö
(3) ÅöãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(4) Ó: Ýöí ÓóÝóÑöåö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ; È: Ýöí ÓóÝóÑöåö áöáúåöÌúÑóÉö
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÊóãóßøõäöåö
(6) æóÑöÖóÇåõ ÈöÐóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) æóÓóÞóØóÊú " æóÑöÖóÇåõ " ãöäú (Ó)(7/384)
æóãóäú ßóÇäó Ãóßúãóáó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝö ßóÇäó ÃóßúÑóãó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ýóíóßõæäõ (1) ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò åõæó ÃóßúÑóãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó Ãóßúãóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÎóíúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ " æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó Ðóáößó¡ æóÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäúåõ (2) ¡ æóÊóæóÚøóÏó ÈöÌóáúÏö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáõåõ Úóáóíúåö (3) ¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (4) ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóÇ íóÞúØóÚõ ÈöÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Úöáúãò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ (5) ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóÚúÖõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú ÐõßöÑó åóÐóÇ (6) áöäõÈóíøöäó (7) Ãóäøó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáØøóíúÑö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
[ÇáÊÇÓÚ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÈöÃóäú íõÓóáøöãõæÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈöÅöãúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (8) : " ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ «Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó (9)
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(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/12¡ 2/72
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/308
(4) áóãú ÃóÚúÑöÝú ãóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö
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(6) È: åõäóÇ
(7) Ó¡ È: áöíõÈóíøöäó
(8) Ýöí (ß) Õ 171 (ã) Ü 172 (ã)
(9) ß: ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö ÃóãóÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ. . .(7/385)
ÈöÃóäú íõÓóáøöãõæÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈöÅöãúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ (1) ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (2) ¡ æóÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÞóÇÆöÏõ ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ æóáöíøõ ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÈóÚúÏöí (3) ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóæúáóì Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò (4) æóãõÄúãöäóÉò» Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ æóÍúÏóåõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áöÐóáößó¡ æóåóÐöåö äõÕõæÕñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö (5) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö æóÈóíóÇäö ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÚúÒõåõ Åöáóì ßöÊóÇÈò Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÊöåö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ " ÝóßóÐöÈñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö (6) ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö áóÇ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÍóÇØöÈöí Çááøóíúáö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÑúæöí ÃóãúËóÇáõåõ¡ ÝóÚöáúãõ ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÍóÑøóãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóÃóäú äóÞõæáó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» " (7) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡
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(4) ß: æóåõæó æóáöíøõ ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò
(5) ß: Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßóÐóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö
(6) ã: ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. Ó: Úóäú ÔóíúÁò Åöäú áóãú íóÍúÖõÑú ; È: Úóäú ÔóíúÁò áóãú íóÍúÖõÑú
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö¡ æóÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåóÇ: 1/33 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöËúãö ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) ; ãõÓúáöãñ 4/2298 Ü 2299 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóËúÈöíÊö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÍõßúãö ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäúåóÇ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 6486¡ 9888¡ 7006 æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ: " ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÍóÏñ æóÓöÊøõæäó äóÝúÓðÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÐúßõÑõåõ Úóäúåõãú. ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: ÔóÇåóÏúÊõåõ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö Úóäú ËóãóÇäöíóÉò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò æóãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ "(7/386)
æóßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (1) íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (2) ÇáúãóÞúÈõæáóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÇÆöáó (3) åóÐóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (4) ãõäóÒøóåñ Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÓóíøöÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (5) ¡ æóÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÞóÇÆöÏó ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó åõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Úóáöíøñ åõæó ÓóíøöÏõåõãõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
Þöíáó: áóíúÓó Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ (ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö) (6) ¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõäóÇÞöÖñ áöåóÐóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó åõãõ ÇáúÞóÑúäõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓóíøöÏñ æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãñ
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Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöÏõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö åõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýóãóäú (2) íóÞõæÏõ Úóáöíøñ¿
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó ßõÝøóÇÑñ Ãóæú ÝõÓøóÇÞñ¡ Ýóáöãóäú íóÞõæÏõ¿
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÅöÎúæóÇäöí "¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóæóáóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ æóÅöÎúæóÇäõäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú (3) íóÃúÊõæÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ".
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ãóäú áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈóÚúÏõ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú áóæú Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ áóåõ Îóíúáñ ÛõÑøñ ãõÍóÌøóáóÉñ Èóíúäó ÙóåúÑóíú Îóíúáò Ïõåúãò Èõåúãò ÃóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝó Îóíúáóåõ¿ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÃúÊõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÛõÑøðÇ ãõÍóÌøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÝóÑóØõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóæúÖö» " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (4) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÊóæóÖøóÃó æóÛóÓóáó æóÌúåóåõ æóíóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÌóãóÇåöíÑõåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞóÏøöãõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÛúÓöáõ ÈõØõæäó ÃóÞúÏóÇãöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúÞóÇÈóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó * Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÌõáö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó íóÞõæÏõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇÏõæäó
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(2) ã: Ýóáöãóäú ; Ó: Ýöíãóäú
(3) áóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
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ãóÚó ÇáúÛóÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó * (1) º ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÌóáóÉó áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ (2) Ýöí ÙóåúÑö ÇáúÞóÏóãö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÍóÌóáóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÌúáö ßóÇáúÍóÌóáóÉö Ýöí ÇáúíóÏö (3) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «æóíúáñ áöáúÃóÚúÞóÇÈö¡ æóÈõØõæäö ÇáúÃóÞúÏóÇãö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» " (4) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑóÓó áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ ÅöáøóÇ áóãúÚóÉð Ýöí íóÏöåö Ãóæú ÑöÌúáöåö áóãú íóßõäú ãõÍóÌøóáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÍóÌóáóÉõ ÈóíóÇÖõ ÇáúíóÏö Ãóæö ÇáÑøöÌúáö¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íóÛúÓöáö ÇáÑøöÌúáóíúäö Åöáóì ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÇÆöÏõ ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáöíäó ÈóÑöíÆðÇ ãöäúåõ ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó.
Ëõãøó ßóæúäõ Úóáöíøò ÓóíøöÏóåõãú æóÅöãóÇãóåõãú æóÞóÇÆöÏóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÞõáú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÊóÝúÖöíáðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÚóÑóÝóåõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉõ æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ (5) ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó (ãöäúåõ) (6) Ðóáößó.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÃõÍõÏò «ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿ ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ÅöáøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È
(3) Ýöí " ÇááøöÓóÇäö " " æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóíúáö: ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÍõ ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÊóÝöÚõ ÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ Ýöí ÞóæóÇÆöãöåö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúÞóíúÏö¡ æóíõÌóÇæöÒõ ÇáúÃóÑúÓóÇÛó¡ æóáóÇ íõÌóÇæöÒõ ÇáÑøõßúÈóÊóíúäö áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãóæóÇÖöÚõ ÇáúÃóÍúÌóÇáö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÎóáóÇÎöíáõ æóÇáúÞõíõæÏõ. æóãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ: ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáúÛõÑøõ ÇáúãõÍóÌøóáõæäó¡ Ãóíú ÈöíúÖõ ãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ãöäó ÇáúÃóíúÏöí æóÇáúæóÌúåö æóÇáúÃóÞúÏóÇãö¡ ÇÓúÊóÚóÇÑó ÃóËóÑó ÇáúæõÖõæÁö Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö æóÇáúíóÏóíúäö æóÇáÑøöÌúáóíúäö áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÈóíóÇÖö ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ Ýöí æóÌúåö ÇáúÝóÑóÓö æóíóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö "
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/171
(5) ã: ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ
(6) ãöäúåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)(7/389)
æóÓóáøóãó: " áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ "¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¿ ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¿ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ "¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¿ ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¿ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ "¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ÃóãøóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÝóÞóÏú ßõÝöíÊõãõæåõãú Ýóáóãú íóãúáößú ÚõãóÑõ äóÝúÓóåõ Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÈúÊó íóÇ ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÏøóÏóÊú áóÃóÍúíóÇÁñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó áóßó ãóÇ íóÓõæÁõßó¡» æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÈóÇÞöíó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (1) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÞóÏøóãõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó áóãú íóÓúÃóáú ÅöáøóÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãóÑó áöÚöáúãöåö æóÚöáúãö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö æóÇáúÚóÇãøö Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó åõãú ÑõÁõæÓõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÃóäøó ÞöíóÇãóåõ Èöåöãú¡ æóÏóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö (2) Ãóäøó åóÐóíúäö æóÒöíÑóÇåõ¡ æóÈöåöãóÇ ÊóãóÇãõ ÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÎóÕøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Èöåö¡ æóÃóäøó áóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚúíö Ýöí ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ßóÇäó (3) ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáúßóÝøóÇÑö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: æõÖöÚó ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÓóÑöíÑöåö ÝóÊóßóäøóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÏúÚõæäó áóåõ æóíõËúäõæäó (Úóáóíúåö) (4) æóíõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÑúÝóÚó¡ æóÃóäóÇ Ýöíåöãú Ýóáóãú íóÑõÚúäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÑóÌõáò ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ÈöãóäúßöÈöí ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöí ÝóÇáúÊóÝúÊøõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó Úóáöíøñ ÝóÊóÑóÍøóãó Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÎóáóÝúÊõ (5) ÃóÍóÏðÇ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/523
(2) ã: Úóáöãóåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ
(3) ã: æóåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó. . .
(4) Úóáóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(5) È: ãóÇ ÍóáóÝúÊõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ãóØúÈóÚöíøñ(7/390)
ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíøó Ãóäú ÃóáúÞóì Çááøóåó ÈöãöËúáö Úóãóáöåö ãöäúßó¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßõäúÊõ áóÃóÙõäøõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóßó Çááøóåõ ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøöí ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóÓúãóÚõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: " ÌöÆúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÏóÎóáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÎóÑóÌúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ áóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóßó Çááøóåõ ãóÚóåõãóÇ " (1) .
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÊóÝúÖöíáõåõãóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöãøóÇ (2) íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÏúÑóßõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ íõÞóÏøöãõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÃóáúÍóÏó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó äöÒóÇÚõ ãóäú äóÇÒóÚó ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " «åõæó æóáöíøõ ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÈóÚúÏöí» " ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Èóáú åõæó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö æóáöíøõ ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò¡ æóßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò æóáóíøõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúíóÇ æóÇáúãóãóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÖöÏøõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÒóãóÇäò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ ÝöíåóÇ: æóÇáöí (3) ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉö: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Çáúæóáöíøõ æóÇáúæóÇáöí ÞõÏøöãó ÇáúæóÇáöí Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóÞöíáó íõÞóÏøóãõ Çáúæóáöíøõ.
ÝóÞóæúáõ (4) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " «Úóáöíøñ æóáöíøõ ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÈóÚúÏöí» " ßóáóÇãñ íóãúÊóäöÚõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/9 Ü 10¡ 11 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ. . .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö. . .) ; ãõÓúáöãò 4/1858 Ü 1859 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó) . æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 236
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ãöãøóäú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ
(3) æóÇáóì: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóåöíó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ. æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö. æóáöíøõ
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÞóæúáõ ; ä: æóÞöíáó(7/391)
ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÈóÚúÏöí¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉó ßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: æóÇáò Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ áöÚóáöíøò: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó» " ÝóÕóÍöíÍñ (1) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ËóÈóÊó «Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ Ðóáößó ÚóÇãó ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö áóãøóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó åõæó æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ æóÒóíúÏõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÇÑöËóÉó Ýöí ÍóÖóÇäóÉö ÈöäúÊö ÍóãúÒóÉó ÝóÞóÖóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöåóÇ áöÎóÇáóÊöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÊóÍúÊó ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÎóÇáóÉõ Ãõãøñ " æóÞóÇáó áöÌóÚúÝóÑò: " ÃóÔúÈóåúÊó ÎóáúÞöí æóÎõáõÞöí " æóÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: " ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó " æóÞóÇáó áöÒóíúÏò: " ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎõæäóÇ æóãóæúáóÇäóÇ» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑúãóáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ Ãóæú äóÞóÕóÊú (3) äóÝóÞóÉõ ÚöíóÇáóÇÊöåöãú (4) ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÌóãóÚõæÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõãú Ýöí ËóæúÈò æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÞóÓøóãõæåõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæöíøóÉö åõãú ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú» " (5) .
ÝóÞóÇáó áöáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøöíäó: " «åõãú ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú» "¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí (æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó) » (6) ". æóÞóÇáó áöÌõáóíúÈöíÈò (7) : " «åóÐóÇ ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõ» " (8) ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉó áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞöíáóÊú áóåõ ßóÇäó åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
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(1) È: ÝóÕõÍøöÍó
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/34
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóäóÞóÕóÊú
(4) È: ÚöíóÇáöåöãú
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/35
(6) æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È)
(7) Ó: ÇáúÎóÈöíÈõ¡ È: ÇáúÍóÈöíÈõ. æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÎóØóÃñ
(8) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/35(7/392)
[ÇáÚÇÔÑ ÍÏíË ÛÏíÑ Îã æÍÏíË Ãåá ÈíÊí ãËá ÓÝíäÉ äæÍ]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «Åöäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãú ãóÇ Åöäú (2) ÊóãóÓøóßúÊõãú Èöåö áóäú ÊóÖöáøõæÇ: ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö æóÚöÊúÑóÊöí Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöí¡ æóáóäú íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇ (3) ÍóÊøóì íóÑöÏó Úóáóíøó ÇáúÍóæúÖó» ¡ æóÞóÇáó: «Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí (4) Ýöíßõãú ãóËóáõ ÓóÝöíäóÉö äõæÍò ãóäú ÑóßöÈóåóÇ äóÌóÇ¡ æóãóäú ÊóÎóáøóÝó ÚóäúåóÇ ÛóÑöÞó» ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöÞóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö (5) ¡ «æóÚóáöíøñ ÓóíøöÏõåõãú» ¡ (6) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó " (7) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó: " «ÞóÇãó ÝöíäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóØöíÈðÇ ÈöãóÇÁò íõÏúÚóì ÎõãøðÇ Èóíúäó ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ íõæÔößõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 172 (ã)
(2) ß: Ýöíßõãõ ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö ãóÇ Åöäú.
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(4) ß: æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö: ãóËóáõ Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí
(5) ã: Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö
(6) ß: æóÓóíøöÏõåõãõ Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(7) ß: Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö(7/393)
ÑóÈøöí ÝóÃõÌöíÈó ÑóÈøöí¡ æóÅöäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãõ ËóÞóáóíúäö: ÃóæøóáõåõãóÇ: ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö¡ Ýöíåö ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáäøõæÑõ¡ ÝóÎõÐõæÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóãúÓößõæÇ Èöåö» ÝóÍóËøó Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÑóÛøóÈó Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " «æóÃóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí» " (1) ..
æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö Èöåö æóÌõÚöáó ÇáúãõÊóãóÓøößõ Èöåö (2) áóÇ íóÖöáøõ åõæó ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö áóãøóÇ ÎóØóÈó íóæúãó ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «ÞóÏú ÊóÑóßúÊõ Ýöíßõãú ãóÇ áóäú ÊóÖöáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Åöäö (3) ÇÚúÊóÕóãúÊõãú Èöåö: ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÓúÃóáõæäó Úóäøöí¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÞóÇÆöáõæäó¿ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóßó ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛúÊó æóÃóÏøóíúÊó æóäóÕóÍúÊó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöÅöÕúÈóÚöåö ÇáÓøóÈøóÇÈóÉö íóÑúÝóÚõåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóíóäúßõÈõåóÇ (4) Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúåóÏú " ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò» (5) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «æóÚöÊúÑóÊöí (Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí) (6) æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ áóäú íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑöÏóÇ Úóáóíøó ÇáúÍóæúÖó» " ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ (7) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó Úóäúåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÝóÖóÚøóÝóåõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/240 Ü 241. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1873 Ü 1874 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò)
(2) ä: æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßó Èöåö: Ó: æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßó.
(3) ã: ÅöÐóÇ
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóíóäúßõÊõåóÇ
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 316
(6) Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(7) ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÚóáøóÞúÊõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/240 Ü 241. æóåóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙõåóÇ ÞóÑöíÈóÉñ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ". æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÂÎóÑó 5/327 Ü 328 Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÃóáúÝóÇÙõåõ ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉñ. æóÞóÇáó: " æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÃõÓóíúÏò. åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÍóÓóäñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÏú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö "(7/394)
æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöåö ßõáøóåóãú áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóáóßöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö áóãú íóÊøóÝöÞõæÇ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ Èóáú åõãõ ÇáúãõÈóÑøóÁõæäó ÇáúãõäóÒøóåõæäó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÏóäøõÓö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «ãóËóáõ Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí ãóËóáõ ÓóÝöíäóÉö äõæÍò» " ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ áóÇ (1) ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ãöËúáó ãóäú íóÑúæöí ÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ãöäú ÍõØøóÇÈö Çááøóíúáö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÑúæõæäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóÒöíÏõåõ æóåóäðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó Úóäú ÚöÊúÑóÊöåö: ÅöäøóåóÇ æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áóäú íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑöÏóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóæúÖó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞõ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö áóßöäøó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉó åõãú Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò ßõáøõåõãú: æóáóÏõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóæóáóÏõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóæóáóÏõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ Èóäöí ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÍúÏóåõ áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉó¡ æóÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö åõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõæÌöÈõæäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íõæÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ØóÇÚóÊóåõ Ýöí
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(1) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È(7/395)
ßõáøö ãóÇ íõÝúÊöí Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøóáóÝö - áóÇ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú - ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉó áóãú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚú Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö æóáóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåö íõÞóÏøöãõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó * Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøöíäó¡ æóÇáúÌóÚúÝóÑöíøöíäó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚóáóæöíøöíäó¡ æóåõãú ãõÞöÑøõæäó (1) ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó * (2) ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ãóäú Ýöíåöãú ãöäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö.
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æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ ßöÊóÇÈó " ËóäóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö æóËóäóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (3) "¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞöØúÚóÉð¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßõáøõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöËúáõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æó " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " áöáúÎóáøóÇáö (4) ¡ æó " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " áöÇÈúäö ÈóØøóÉó¡ æó " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " áöáöÂÌõÑøöíøö¡ æóÇááøóÇáóßóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÐóÑøò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö¡ æóÇáØøóáóãóäúßöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÔóÇåöíäó¡ æóÃóÖúÚóÇÝö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÊóÌøõ åóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÒúæö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöËúáö ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò (5) ¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãöäú
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(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí ÓöÒúßöíä æóáóßöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó (ã [0 - 9] ÍÜ[0 - 9] Õ 424) ßöÊóÇÈó " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö "
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áöáúÍóáøóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ \ 8
(5) È: æóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò(7/396)
ÐößúÑö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÍõÌóÌö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýóåõæó ÍóÌøóÉñ áóåõ æóÚóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÃóÞúæóì ãöäúåõ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ËõÈõæÊö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ æóíóÃúÊöí.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ Þóæúáö ÃóÝúÖóáöåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößó ÈóØóáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóäöÓúÈóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ßóäöÓúÈóÉö Úóáöíøò Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö åóÐóÇ.
[ÇáÍÇÏí ÚÔÑ ÇáÃÍÇÏíË ÇáÊí ÑæÇåÇ ÇáÌãåæÑ Úä æÍæÈ ãÍÈÊå æãæÇáÇÊå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäú æõÌõæÈö (2) ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö æóãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö: Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó * ÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏö ÍóÓóäò æóÍõÓóíúäò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøóäöí æóÃóÍóÈøó (3) åóÐóíúäö æóÃóÈóÇåõãóÇ æóÃóãøóåõãóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóÚöí (4) Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» (5) ".
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 172 (ã) Ü 173 (ã)
(2) ã: æóÌóæõåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ß: æóÞóÇáó ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøóäöí ÝóÃóÍóÈøó
(4) ß: ßóÇäó ãóÚöí
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍõÓóíúäò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌöÏøöåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " 2/963 - 964 (ÑóÞúãõ 1185) ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö: áóãú íõÐúßóÑú ÈöÌóÑúÍò æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÏöíáò¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó ËöÞóÇÊñ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö (3: 117) Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö Úóáöíøò: " ãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ßöÊóÇÈöí¡ áöÃóäøöí ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóíøóäóåõ¡ äóÚóãú æóáóÇ ãóäú æóËøóÞóåõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÍóÏöíËñ ãõäúßóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóáóÇ ÍóÓøóäóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ". æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓöíóÑö ÇáäøõÈóáóÇÁö (4: á [0 - 9] 08) : ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÖóÚöíÝñ æóÇáúãóÊúäõ ãõäúßóÑñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ (5: 641) æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøó ÃóäúßóÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÍóÓøóäóåõ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (2: 25) : æóÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäõ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö äõÓóÎö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖò. æóÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö (10: 43) Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÍóÏøóËó äóÕúÑõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÃóãóÑó ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõ ÈöÖóÑúÈöåö ÃóáóÝó ÖóÑúÈóÉò(7/397)
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÎóÇáóæóíúåö Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó * (1) : ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÊóãóÓøóßó ÈöÞóÕóÈóÉö ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö (2) ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ßõæäöí ÝóßóÇäóÊú¡ ÝóáúíóÊóæóáøó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí» . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÚóáöíøò: ÍõÈøõßó ÅöíãóÇäñ¡ æóÈõÛúÖõßó äöÝóÇÞñ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãõÍöÈøõßó¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãõÈúÛöÖõßó¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóßó Çááøóåõ ÃóåúáðÇ áöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó¡ æóáóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí» . æóÚóäú ÔóÞöíÞö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÂÎöÐñ ÈöíóÏö Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ æóáöíøöí æóÃóäóÇ æóáöíøõåõ¡ ÚóÇÏóíúÊõ ãóäú ÚóÇÏóì¡ æóÓóÇáóãúÊõ ãóäú ÓóÇáóãó» . æóÑóæóì ÃóÎúØóÈõ ÎóæóÇÑóÒúãó Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÌóÇÁóäöí ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ãöäú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ß: ÇáøóÊöí ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì(7/398)
ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö (1) ÈöæóÑóÞóÉò ÎóÖúÑóÇÁó ãóßúÊõæÈò ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÈóíóÇÖò: Åöäøöí ÞóÏö (2) ÇÝúÊóÑóÖúÊõ ãóÍóÈøóÉó Úóáöíøò (3) Úóáóì ÎóáúÞöí ÝóÈóáøöÛúåõãú Ðóáößó Úóäøöí» . æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ (4) Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì ßóËúÑóÉð ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó¡ æóåöíó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö (5) ¡ æóÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóåóíúåóÇÊó áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó (6) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ " ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÃóÍúãóÏõ áóåõ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ¡ æóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " Ñóæóì Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó áóÇ íóÑúæöíåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÚúÝö ; áößóæúäöåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúæóì Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ; áößóæúäöåóÇ ãóÑóÇÓöíáó Ãóæú ÖöÚóÇÝðÇ (7) ¡ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÒóÇÏó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøó (8) - ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäöåö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö - ÒóÇÏó Úóäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÌõåøóÇáñ¡ Ýóåõãú íóäúÞõáõæäó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö ÝóíóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ¡ Ãóæú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ äóÝúÓõåõ (9) ¡ æóáóÇ íõãóíøöÒõæäó Èóíúäó ÔõíõæÎö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö¡ Ëõãøó íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó
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(1) ß (Õ 173 ã) : ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó
(2) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓó Ýöí (ß)
(3) ß: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(4) ß: æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÖöíáóÊöåö
(6) È: Ðóáößó
(7) ã. æóÖöÚóÇÝðÇ
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ëõãøó ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ
(9) Ó¡ È: ÈöäóÝúÓöåö(7/399)
ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõãú Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú íóÚúÒõæäó Åöáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ (1) ÞóØøõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÈöØúÑöíÞö¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáØøóÑóÇÆöÝö " ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóåúáö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇ íóÝúÊóÑõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ (ÑöæóÇíóÉö) (2) ÃóÍúãóÏó áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ñóæóì (3) ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð áöíõÚóÑøöÝó æóíõÈóíøöäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÖóÚúÝóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö æóÃóÌúæöÈóÊöåö ÃóÙúåóÑõ æóÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÈóÓúØò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö.
ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö (4) "¡ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú äóÕúÑö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøö (5) ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò (6) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö "¡ æóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (7) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÎóÇáóæóíúåö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÕóÍöíÍñ
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(1) Ó: ÃóÍóÏñ
(2) ÑöæóÇíóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(3) ã: íóÑúæöí
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " 2/963 Ü 694 (ÑóÞúãõ 1185) æóÝöíåö: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó ÍóÏøóËóäöí äóÕúÑñ
(5) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(6) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÎöí ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò. . . . ÅöáóÎú. æóäóÞóáúÊõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãõÍóÞøöÞõ " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö
(7) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞúãó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ". æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: " æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÏóæöíøõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÖøóÇÚõ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÓóÑóÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÍúæöíøö " æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäõ ÚöÑóÇÞò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö " 1/361 æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäúåõ(7/400)
ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÎóØöíÈö (1) ÎóæóÇÑóÒúãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÃóÞúÈóÍö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáøóÊöí ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÎóÇáóæóíúåö ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ (2) ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ íóÚúáóãõæäó ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ íóÌúÒöãõæäó Èöåö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåóÐöåö áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúÊóãöÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó ÃóáúÝóÇÙóåóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö: «ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÊóãóÓøóßó ÈöÞóÕóÈóÉö ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ßõæäöí ÝóßóÇäóÊú» . ÝóåóÐöåö ãöäú ÎõÑóÇÝóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó ÈöíóÏöåö ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ßõäú¡ ÝóßóÇäó (4) ¡ ÞóÇÓõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊóÉó Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó¡ æóÂÏóãõ ÎõáöÞó ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ßõäú ÝóßóÇäó ÝóÕóÇÑó ÍóíøðÇ ÈöäóÝúÎö ÇáÑøõæÍö Ýöíåö ÝóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÕóÈõ (5) ÝóÈöäóÝúÓö ÎõáõÞöåö ßóãõáó¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÍóÇáñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ: ßõäú¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÈöíóÏöåö íóÇÞõæÊóÉð¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÂËóÇÑò: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÈöíóÏöåö ÅöáøóÇ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÔúíóÇÁó: ÂÏóãó¡ æóÇáúÞóáóãó¡ æóÌóäøóÉó ÚóÏúäò¡
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(1) È: ÃóÎúØóÈö
(2) ã: ãóæúÖõæÚñ
(3) ã: æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýóíóßõæäõ
(5) ã: ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÕóÈõ(7/401)
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áöÓóÇÆöÑö ÎóáúÞöåö ßõäú ÝóßóÇäó Ýóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÝöíåóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊóÉó.
Ëõãøó Ãóíøõ ÚóÙöíãò Ýöí ÅöãúÓóÇßö åóÐöåö ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ æóÚúÏðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: «Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãõÈúÛöÖõßó» ¡ Ýóåóáú íóÞõæáõ ãõÓúáöãñ: Åöäøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáäøóÇÑó ÞóÈúáó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò¡ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÃóÈöí áóåóÈò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¿ !
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: «Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãõÍöÈøõßó» ¡ Ýóåóáú íóÞõæáõ ÚóÇÞöáñ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó¡ æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÓóÈóÈõ ÏõÎõæáöåöãú (ÇáúÌóäøóÉö) (1) ÃóæøóáðÇ åõæó ÍõÈøõ Úóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÍõÈøö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÑõÓöáöåö¡ æóÍõÈøõ Çááøóåö æóÑõÓöáöåö áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóåóáú ÊõÚóáøóÞõ ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáÔøóÞóÇæóÉõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÍõÈøö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÊóÚóáøõÞöåóÇ ÈöÍõÈøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¿ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõãóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÑó - ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.
[ÇáËÇäí ÚÔÑ ÃÍÇÏíË ÃÎÑì íÓÊÏá ÈåÇ Úáì ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó: (3) Ñóæóì ÃóÎúØóÈõ (4) ÎõæóÇÑóÒúãó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú (5) ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 173 (ã)
(3) ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÚóÔóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(4) ã: ÎóØöíÈñ
(5) ß: Åöáóì(7/402)
æóÓóáøóãó: ãóäú äóÇÕóÈó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó Ýóåõæó (1) . ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÇÑóÈó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóãóäú Ôóßøó Ýöí Úóáöíøò Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ» . æóÚóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö (2) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÑóÃóì ÚóáöíøðÇ ãõÞúÈöáðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÍõÌøóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» . æóÚóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÍóíúÏóÉó ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ áöÚóáöíøò: ãóäú ãóÇÊó æóåõæó íõÈúÛöÖõßó (3) . . ãóÇÊó íóåõæÏöíøðÇ Ãóæú äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò:
ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóäóÒøõáö (4) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúãõæóÝøóÞö ÎóØöíÈö ÎõæóÇÑóÒúãó áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ËóÇÈöÊñ ÞóÇáóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóæú áóãú íõÚúáóãú ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí ÌóãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÝöÑúíóÉö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÊóÃóãøóáó ãóÇ (5) Ýöí ÌóãúÚö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó åóÐóÇ ÈõåúÊóÇäñ ÚóÙöíãñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (6)
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(1) ß:. . ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí Ýóåõæó
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö
(3) ß: áöÚóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ áóÇ íõÈóÇáöí ãóäú ãóÇÊó æóåõæó ãõÈúÛöÖõßó
(4) ã: ÇáÊøóæóÓøõáö ; Ó: ÇáÔøöÑúßö
(5) ãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(6) Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÃóÎöíÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/381 ÈöÓóäóÏò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöíåö: " ãóäú ãóÇÊó æóÝöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÈõÛúÖñ áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÝóáúíóãõÊú íóåõæÏöíðÇ Ãóæú äóÕúÑóÇäöíðÇ " ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãõ Èöåö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÞöÑúí. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøõ: åõæó æóÖóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò: åóÐóÇ ßóÐøóÇÈñ ÎóÈöíËñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ: ßóÇäó íóßúÐöÈõ " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ æóáóßöäú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ ãóäúÓõæÈðÇ Åöáóì ÌóÇÈöÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö " 1/328 æóäóÕøõåõ: " Úóáöíøñ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö Ýóãóäú ÃóÈóì ÝóÞóÏú ßóÝóÑó " æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøö Úóáóíúåö.(7/403)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ÝóÃóíúäó ÐößúÑõåóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¿ æóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåóÇ Úóäúåõãú¿ æóÝöí Ãóíøö ßöÊóÇÈò æõÌöÏó Ãóäøóåõãú ÑóæóæúåóÇ¿ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÎóÈöíÑðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÌóÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú Úóáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöãøóÇ æóáøóÏóåóÇ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÚóãöáóÊú ÃóíúÏöíåöãú.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÚöáúãõäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíóÊóæóáøóÇåõãú¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÔóíúÁò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÑóÏøó ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúãõÊóíóÞøóäö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑò åöíó ÃóÞóáøõ æóÃóÍúÞóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÂÍóÇÏò áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ áóåóÇ äóÇÞöáñ ÕóÇÏöÞñ¡ Èóáú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÇÊö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ (ãöäúåóÇ) ÔóíúÁñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö (1) ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö¡ Èóáú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßõáøõåõãú íóÌúÒöãõæäó ÈößóÐöÈöåóÇ.
(ÇáúæóÌúåõ) (2) ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó íóÔúåóÏõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ÈöÑöÖóÇ Çááøóåö Úóäúåõãú¡ æóËóäóÇÆöåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 100) .
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(2) ÇáúæóÌúåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È)(7/404)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ãöäúßõãú ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáó ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóßõáøðÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍõÓúäóì} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 10) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ ÃóÔöÏøóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÑõÍóãóÇÁõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÊóÑóÇåõãú ÑõßøóÚðÇ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäðÇ} ÇáúÂíóÉó (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 29) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐú íõÈóÇíöÚõæäóßó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 18) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áöáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäú ÏöíÇÑöåöãú æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäðÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 8) ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú (1) íõÑóÏøó ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóíúåö íóÞöíäðÇ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóæóÇåóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÌõæ áöáøóåö æóÞóÇÑðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóÊõæÌöÈõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõßóÐøöÈðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ßõÝúÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßõáøöåöãú åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÇÕóÈõæåõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó (2) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóì ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúãóáú ÈöãõæÌóÈö åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÌúÚóáõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÔóÑøõ ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú Úóáöíøñ åõãõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÍúßõãú Ýöíåöãú ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ Èóáú ÍóÑøóãó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú æóÓóÈúíóåóãú¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áóåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú: Åöäøó áóßõãú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ äóãúäóÚóßõãú ãóÓóÇÌöÏóäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÞøóßõãú ãöäú ÝóíóÆöäóÇ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ
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(1) íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) ã: äóÇÕóÈõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö(7/405)
ãõáúÌöãò (1) ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÚöÔúÊõ ÝóÃóäóÇ æóáöíøõ Ïóãöí¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÚóáúåõ ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóãóáö ÝóÞóÏú ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ äóåóì (Úóäú) (3) Ãóäú íõÊøóÈóÚó ãõÏúÈöÑõåõãú¡ æóÃóäú íõÌúåóÒó Úóáóì ÌóÑöíÍöåöãú¡ æóÃóäú íóÞúÊõáó ÃóÓöíÑõåõãú¡ æóÃóäú ÊõÛúäóãó ÃóãúæóÇáõåõãú¡ æóÃóäú ÊõÓúÈóì ÐóÑóÇÑöíøõåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ßóÝøóÇÑðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÝóÚóáöíøñ Ãóæøóáõ (4) ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöåóÇ ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó Ãóåøóáõ ÕöÝøöíúäó ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Úóáóì ÞóÊúáóÇåõãú¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÅöÎúæóÇäõäóÇ ÈóÛóæúÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ØóåøóÑóåõãõ ÇáÓøóíúÝõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ áóãóÇ Õóáøóì Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÚóáóåõãú ÅöÎúæóÇäóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÚóáó ÇáÓøóíúÝó ØõåúÑðÇ áóåõãú (5)
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö äóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íõßóÝøöÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ßóÝøóÑõæÇ (6) ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáäøõÕõæÕó Úóáöíøñ æóÃóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõãú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÝóíóÚúÊóÒöáõæÇ ÈöÏóÇÑò ÛóíúÑö ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ÚóÌóÒõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóíóÍúßõãõæÇ (7) Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ
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(1) ã: ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌöãò áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ
(2) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌöãò ãõÓúáöãõæäó "
(3) Úóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ãóæúáóì
(5) Ó¡ È: ØóåøóÑóåõãú.
(6) ä¡ Ó: ßóÝøóÑóÇ ; ã: ßóÝøóÑó
(7) ä¡ Ó: æóÊóÍúßõãõæÇ(7/406)
Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó¡ Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐó áóåõ æóáöÔöíÚóÊöåö ÏóÇÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÏóÇÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóíõÈóÇíöäóåõãú ßóãóÇ ÈóÇíóäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó áöãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÈöãóßøóÉó åõæó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÚúÝö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ íõÈóÇíöäõæäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó¡ æóíõÙúåöÑõæäó ãõÈóÇíóäóÊóåõãú ÈöÍóíúËõ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó åóÇÌóÑó ãóäú åóÇÌóÑó ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö ãóÚó ÖóÚúÝöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÈóÇíöäõæäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóíóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ÈöÏöíäöåöãú ÞõÏøóÇãó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
æóåóÐöåö ÈöáóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóåõãú ãõÙúåöÑõæäó áöÏöíäöåöãú ãõÊóÍóíøöÒõæäó Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóäú íóÔõßøõ (1) Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÄúãöäò ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏú Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ãõÑúÊóÏøñ ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ÝóÚóáöíøñ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÈóÏøóáó ÇáÏøöíäó¡ æóáóãú íõãóíøöÒö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóåóÈú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ Úóäú ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú æóÅöÏúÎóÇáöåöãú Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ Úóäú ãõÈóÇíöäóÊöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÚúÌóÒó ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÔöÑúÐöãóÉñ (ÞóáöíáóÉñ) (2) ãöäú ÚóÓúßóÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ áóåõãú ÏóÇÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÈóÇíóäõæåõãú ßóãóÇ (3) ßóÝøóÑõæåõãú¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõãú (4) åõãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
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(1) ã: ãóÊóì Ôóßøó
(2) ÞóáöíáóÉñ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
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(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ(7/407)
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æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÑóÊøóÈó ÏóÚúæóÊóåõ ãóÑóÇÊöÈó: Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ íóÏúÚõæ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÌöíÈó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ØóãöÚó Ýöíåö ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Úóáöíøñ ãöËúáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÏóÚóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ØóãöÚó Ýöíåö ÏóÚóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ØóãöÚó Ýöíåö (1) ÏóÚóÇåõ Åöáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö¡ åóßóÐóÇ (2) ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ßöÊóÇÈöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøõæäóåõ " ÇáúÈóáóÇÛó ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑó "¡ æó " ÇáäøóÇãõæÓó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó "¡ æóæóÇÖöÚõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáó Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÑúãóØöíøö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÈöÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóæúáóì Úóáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÌó¡ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍóáøõæÇ ÇáúãóÍóÇÑöãó¡ æóÃóÓúÞóØõæÇ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖó¡ æóÓöíÑóÊõåõãú ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÓõÈøõåõ æóíóÈúÛõÖõåõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãú¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãóäú íõÕóáøöí ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö æóíóÕõæãõ ÔóåúÑó ÑóãóÖóÇäó æóíóÍõÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊó æóíõÄóÏøöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ãöËúáó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¿ ! æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú (4) ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ßóæúäõ åóÐóÇ ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÚóÕóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö.
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æóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÞóÏöíãðÇ Úóáóì ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóäúÞóÐóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãöäúåõãú.
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æóåõæó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö: {æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì - ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì - æóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì - Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÌúãö: 1 - 4) Ýóåõæó ãóÇ Öóáøó æóãóÇ Ûóæóì¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÎõáóÝóÇÄõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó Ýöíåöãú: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÚóÖøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÌöÐö» " (5) ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÎóáóÝõæåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÝóì Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáúåõÏóì ÇáÖøóáóÇáõ¡ æóÈöÇáÑøõÔúÏö ÇáúÛóíøõ.
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(4) ä¡ Ó: æóÊóÞöíøõ: æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ(7/427)
æóãöËúáó: ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò.
Ëõãøó (ãöäú) (1) ÈóÚúÏö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöËúáó: ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáäøóÌøóÇÏö (2) ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÞóÇÓöãò ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÚóÓøóÇáö ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú.
Ëõãøó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö åóÄõáóÇÁö: ãöËúáó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãö (3) ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÅöÍúÕóÇÄõåõãú.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú (4) ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú åõæó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÑöæóÇíóÉð¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõãú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ÈöÕóÍöíÍöåö ãöäú ÓóÞöíãöåö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ÃóÔúÑóÝõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÝöÞúåõ Ýöí ãõÊõæäö (5) ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó íóÍúíóì Èúäó ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÚóáöíøó Èúäó ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóäóÍúæóåóãóÇ ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÕóÍöíÍöåö æóÓóÞöíãöåö (6) ãöäú ãöËúáö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÃóÈöí ËóæúÑò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò
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(1) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö. æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇáäøóÌøóÇÏõ¡ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ ãöäú ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 253 åÜ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 348 åÜ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/101 ; ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/127 128
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(4) ã: ÝóÅöäú
(5) ä: Ýõäõæäö
(6) ã: ãöäú ÓóÞöíãöåö(7/428)
æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ßóÇäó íõÔóÇÑößõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóãóÚó íóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóãõÓúáöãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö áóåõ ÚöäóÇíóÉñ ÈöÕóÍöíÍöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó áóåõ ÚöäóÇíóÉñ ÈöÇáúÝöÞúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ áóåõ ÚöäóÇíóÉñ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÊóæúÓöÚóÉó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýóåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóËöíÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöíåö áóßöäú áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉö ÈöÕóÍöíÍöåö æóÓóÞöíãöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäúåõ äóÞúáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ ÖóÇÈöØñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈöÕóÍöíÍöåö æóÓóÞöíãöåö ÝóåóÐóÇ Úöáúãñ ÂÎóÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÞöíåðÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ßóËöíÑõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò.
áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÝóÇÖóáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ãóÇ íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Úöáúãõåõãú (1) ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÃóÚúÑóÝó ßóÇäó ÊóãúíöíÒõåõ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÃóÊóãøó¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ æóÇáäøóÙóÑö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ: ÅöãøóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ íõÌóæøöÒõæäó ÈöÕöÏúÞöåóÇ¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ãóÚúáõæãóÉó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÞóÏú íõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈóÚúÖõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö (2) " ãöËúáó ãóÇ
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(1) Ó¡ È: Úöáúãñ
(2) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ßõÊöÈó ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö: " ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉó(7/429)
íóÑúæöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÍóÏöíËó: " «áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáöí íóÇ ÍõãóíúÑóÇÁõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõæÑöËõ ÇáúÈóÑóÕó» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ÒóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö äóÈúÊõåóÇ» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «äõåöíó Úóäú ÈóíúÚò æóÔóÑúØò¡ æóäõåöíó Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáúãóßóÇÊóÈö æóÇáúãõÏóÈøóÑö æóÃõãøö ÇáúæóáóÏö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «äõåöíó Úóäú ÞóÝöíÒö ÇáØøóÍøóÇäö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõ ÇáúÚõÔúÑõ æóÇáúÎóÑóÇÌõ Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: «ËóáóÇËñ åõäøó Úóáóíøó ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ¡ æóåõäøó áóßõãú ÊóØóæøõÚñ: ÇáúæöÊúÑõ¡ æóÇáäøóÍúÑõ¡ æóÑóßúÚóÊóÇ ÇáúÝóÌúÑö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö íõÊöãøõ æóíóÞúÕõÑõ» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «áóÇ ÊõÞúØóÚõ ÇáúíóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÚóÔúÑö ÏóÑóÇåöãó» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «áóÇ ãóåúÑó Ïõæäó ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÏóÑóÇåöãó» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÇáúÚöÊóÇÞö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ÃóÞóáøõ ÇáúÍóíúÖö ËóáóÇËóÉñ æóÃóßúËóÑõåõ ÚóÔóÑóÉñ» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «äóåóì Úóäö ÇáúÈóÊúÑóÇÁö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: «íõÛúÓóáõ ÇáËøóæúÈõ ãöäó Çáúãóäöíøö æóÇáÏøóãö» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ãöãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó áóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó» "¡ æóÍóÏöíËó: " «ßóÇäó íóÑúÝóÚõ íóÏóíúåö Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚõæÏõ» ".
Åöáóì ÃóãúËóÇáö (1) Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö (2) ÇáøóÊöí íõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóíóÈúäõæäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÍóáóÇáó æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãó¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ (Úóáóíúåö) (3) ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ðóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ íóÑúæöíåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓøóÇßö¡ æóíóÙõäøõåóÇ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåöãú (4)
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(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÍóÏöíËö
(3) Úóáóíúåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Þóæúáöåö:(7/430)
" Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÍóÈúæðÇ "¡ æóãöËúáó Þóæúáöåöãú: " Åöäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóØúÑõÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö íõÑöíÏõæäó æóÌúåóåõ} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 52) ¡ {æóÇÕúÈöÑú äóÝúÓóßó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö íõÑöíÏõæäó æóÌúåóåõ} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö: 28) (1) : äóÒóáó (2) Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö¡ æóãöËúáó ÍóÏöíËö: " «ÛõáóÇãõ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó» "¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÍóÏöíËñ Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÃóÛúæóÇËö¡ æóÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóãúËóÇáõ (3) . . åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÞóÏú ÊõÚúáóãõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãöËúáó Ãóäú äóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóØúÑõÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 52) ¡ {æóÇÕúÈöÑú äóÝúÓóßó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö: 28) Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö (4) æóåõãóÇ ÓõæÑóÊóÇäö ãóßøöíøóÊóÇäö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáÕøõÝøóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (5) æóãöËúáó ãóÇ íóÑúæõæäó Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö (6) : Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ßóÐóÇ.
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(2) äóÒóáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ó) : äóÒóáóÊú
(3) ä¡ ã: æóßóÐöÈõ ÃóãúËóÇáö
(4) ä¡ ã: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: (æóÇÕúÈöÑú äóÝúÓóßó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö) æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö ; Ó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: (æóÇÕúÈöÑú äóÝúÓóßó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö) æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊúäóÇåõ ãöäú (È) ¡
(5) ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÂíóÉó ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö æóÂíóÉó ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö áóãú íóäúÒöáóÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ äóÒóáóÊóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
(6) ã: ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö(7/431)
æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãóÏóäöíøóÉò ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ßóÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò: " «ÃóÊóÇäöí ÇáúÈóÇÑöÍóÉó ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ÃóÍúÓóäö ÕõæÑóÉò» " Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóäóÇãñ ÑóÂåõ (1) Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ * æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÔóÇÈóåóåõ ßõáøõåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö * (2) ¡ æóÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌõ ßóÇäó ÈöãóßøóÉó ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ãöËúáó ÊóæóÇÌõÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÊøóì ÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúÈõÑúÏóÉõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ íóÙõäøõæäó åóÐóÇ ÕöÏúÞðÇ áöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøõ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó: " íõÎóÇáöÌõ ÓöÑøöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áóíúÓó Ïõæäó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö "¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Ùóäøóåõ æóÎóÇáóÌó ÓöÑøóåõ åõæó íóÞöíäñ ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÏú ÎóÇáóØó ÞóáúÈóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ùóäøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áöáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÏúÑõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÇÌó Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú íóäúÊóÓöÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö æóÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ æóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö áóåõãú ÃóÍúæóÇáñ ÔóíúØóÇäöíøóÉñ¡ æóÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞúÊóÑöäõ Èöåöãú (3) Èöåöãú ÞóÏú ÊõÎúÈöÑõåõãú ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈóÇÊö¡ æóÊóÝúÚóáõ ÈóÚúÖó
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(1) ÑóÂåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) ä: ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÞúÑóäõ Èöåöãú ; Ó: ÇáøóÊöí íóÛúÊóÑøõæäó Èöåöãú ; È: ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÛúÊóÑøõæäó(7/432)
ÃóÛúÑóÇÖöåöãú¡ æóÊóÞúÖöí (ÈóÚúÖó) (1) ÍóæóÇÆöÌöåöãú¡ æóíóÙõäøõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõãú ãöäú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÏú íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú íóäúÊóÓöÈõ (2) Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ íóÙõäøõæäóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóåöíó ßóÐöÈñ¡ ßóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó - ÛóíúÑó ÇáÕøóæúãö - æóÝóÖúáö ÇáúßõÍúáö Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö (3) ¡ æóÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö¡ æóÊóæúÓöÚóÉö ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚöíóÇáö Ýöíåö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó (4) ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÕøóæúãö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÕóáóæóÇÊò (5) ãõÚóíøóäóÉò Ýöíåö ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ (6) ÓõÆöáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì: " «ãóäú æóÓøóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáöåö íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó» " ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÑóÌóÈò ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö¡ Ãóæú ÝóÖúáö ÕöíóÇãöåö¡ Ãóæú ÕöíóÇãö ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÝóÖúáö ÕóáóÇÉò ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉò Ýöíåö ßóÇáÑøóÛóÇÆöÈö¡ ßõáøõåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãõÎúÊóáóÞñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõÓúÈõæÚö ßóÕóáóÇÉö íóæúãö ÇáúÃóÍóÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö
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(1) ÈóÚúÖó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(2) Ó¡ È: íõäúÓóÈõ
(3) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóíúÓó ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó
(5) Ó¡ È: ÕóáóÇÉò
(6) áóãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/433)
æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑóÉö áóíúáóÉó ÇáäøöÕúÝö¡ æóÃóæøóáó áóíúáóÉö (1) ÌõãõÚóÉò ãöäú ÑóÌóÈò¡ Ãóæú áóíúáóÉó ÓóÈúÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäúåõ¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó ßõáøõåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóáøõ ÕóáóÇÉò ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö Ãóæö ÇáÓøõæóÑö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö¡ Ýóåöíó ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáóíúäö áóåõãú¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÕöÏúÞóåóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Èóáú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÑöåõæåóÇ æóØóÚóäõæÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇáößñ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Ýóáóãú íóÓúãóÚõæåóÇ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÈøõåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑñ ãöäúåõãú¡ áóÇ äóÞúáñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÍöÈøó ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóÍóÈøó ÕöÝóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÊõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÚóº áöÆóáøóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊó ÓõäøóÉñ ÈöÍóÏöíËò áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÃóÔúíóÇÁõ ãóäúÞõæáóÉñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãöËúáó ÍóÏöíËö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÓõæóÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö (2) ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõåõ (3) æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò.
æóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóÕóÍøó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÓøõæóÑö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ: {Þõáú åõæó Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ} ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÝóÃóÝúÑóÏó (4)
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(2) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö
(3) ä: æóíóÐúßõÑõ ; ã:
(4) Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóæúÑóÏó(7/434)
ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ áóåóÇ ãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊò ßóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉó (1) Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÂíóÉö ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö¡ æóÎóæóÇÊöíãö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóæøöÐóÊóíúäö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ Ýóáóåõãú ÝõÑúÞóÇäñ íõÝóÑøöÞõæäó Èöåö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ) (2) ÓóÈóÈö ÇáäøõÒõæáö ÝóÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ áóíúÓó ÈöãõÓúäóÏò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ËóáóÇËõ Úõáõæãò áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó áóåóÇ - æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: áóíúÓó áóåóÇ ÃóÕúáñ -: ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑõ¡ æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ æóÇáúãóáóÇÍöãõ¡ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËóåóÇ ãõÑúÓóáóÉñ.
æóÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáõ ÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáöåóÇ æóÑóÏøöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö Ãóäøó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÈõæáó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÏõæÏó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝó¡ Ýóãóäú Úõáöãó ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÑúÓöáõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ËöÞóÉò ÞõÈöáó ãõÑúÓóáõåõ¡ æóãóäú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ íõÑúÓöáõ Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÉö æóÛóíúÑö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ßóÇäó ÅöÑúÓóÇáõåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉð Úóãøóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÍóÇáõåõ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÞõæÝñ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáö ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøöÞóÇÊõ ßóÇäó ãóÑúÏõæÏðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö (3) : ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö (4) ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÚöáúãó Úóäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÂÎóÑö (5) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ (6) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÊóãóÇËõáõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöíåö æóÊóÚóãøõÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÄúÊóì (7) ãöäú ÌöåóÉö (ÊóÚóãøõÏö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóãöäú ÌöåóÉö) (8)
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(2) ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö ; ã: æóÂÍóÇÏõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö
(4) ä¡ Ó: ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) ä: Úóäú ÂÎöÑö ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÂÎóÑö
(6) ãöãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(7) ä¡ ã: ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÄúÊóì Èöåö
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ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóæóÇØóÃú Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ (1) ÊóãúäóÚõ ÊóãóÇËõáóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÚóãúÏðÇ æóÎóØóÃð¡ ãöËúáó (2) Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ØóæöíáóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÑóæóÇåóÇ åóÐóÇ ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Èöåö ÕöÏúÞõ ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäö Çááøóåö æóãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö æóÎóáúÞöåö áöáúÚóÇáóãö (3) æóÞöÕøóÉö ÂÏóãó æóíõæÓõÝó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÞóÕóÕö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÝöÏú Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÊóãóÇËõáõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóíúäö Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãõÝóÕøóáóÉò ÏóÞöíÞóÉò Úóäú ãõÎúÈóÑò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ áóæú ßóÇäó ãõÈúØöáðÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö áóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÎóÈóÑõåõ¡ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ãóäøó ãõÈúØöáðÇ íóÎúÊóáöÞõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÝóÇæõÊò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÃõãõæÑò áóÇ ÊóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ Èóáú Ðóáößó íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÚöáúãò æóÕöÏúÞò.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú Ýóáóæú ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÈóáóÏò Åöáóì ÂÎóÑó (4) æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú ÍóæóÇÏöËó ãõÝóÕøóáóÉò ÍóÏóËóÊú Ýöíåö¡ ÊóäúÊóØöãõ ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáðÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð¡ æóÌóÇÁó ãóäú ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõæóÇØöÆúåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóÍóßóì ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ Úõáöãó ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäú Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõæóÇØóÃóÉö æóÊóáóÞøöí ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ (ßóãóÇ íóÊóæóÇÑóËõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉó ãöËúáó ãóÞóÇáóÉö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúÌóåúãóíøóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ ÊóáóÞøóÇåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò¡) (5)
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ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóæóÇØóÆõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇØöáö.
æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõæäó íóÌõæÒõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÌóÍúÏö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóæóÇØõÄö: ÅöãøóÇ ÚóãúÏðÇ áöáúßóÐöÈö (1) æóÅöãøóÇ ÎóØóÃð Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÌóÍúÏö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö ãöäú Ïõæäö (2) åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÝóãõãúÊóäöÚñ (3)
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(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/162 163 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóãú íóÍúÓöãö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö ÍóÊøóì åóáóßõæÇ) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóØóÚó ÇáúÚõÑóäöíøöíäó æóáóãú íóÍúÓöãúåõãú ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊõæÇ. æóÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð ÍóÏöíËñ ÂÎóÑõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ßóÐóáößó (ÈóÇÈõ áóãú íõÓúÞó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøõæäó ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈõæäó ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊõæÇ) . æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÏöãó ÑóåúØñ ãöäú Úõßúáò Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö. . . æóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáÑøóÇÚöíó æóÇÓúÊóÇÞõæÇ ÇáÐøóæúÏó¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáÕøóÑöíÎõ¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó ÇáØøóáóÈó Ýöí ÂËóÇÑöåöãú. . . ÍóÊøóì ÃõÊöíó Èöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöãóÓóÇãöíÑó ÝóÃõÍúãöíóÊú ÝóßóÍóáóåõãú æóÞóØóÚó ÃóíúÏöíóåõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáóåõãú æóãóÇ ÍóÓóãóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÃõáúÞõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑøóÉö íóÓúÊóÓúÞõæäó ÝóãóÇ ÓõÞõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊõæÇ ". æóÃóæúÑóÏó ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 3/1296 1298 ÈóÇÈðÇ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÓóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Íõßúãö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó) ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ÓöÊøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúãóÚúäóì (9/14 æóÂÎöÑõ ÍóÏöíËò Ýöíåö: Úóäú ÃóäóÓò: " ÅöäøóãóÇ Óóãóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÚúíõäó ÃõæáóÆößó áöÃóäøóåõãú ÓóãóáõæÇ ÃóÚúíõäó ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁö " æóÚõÑóíúäóÉõ: Íóíøñ ãöäú ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó æóÍóíøñ ãöäú ÈóÌöíáóÉó ãöäú ÞóÍúØóÇäó. æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åõäóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí. æóÓóÇÞõæÇ ÐóæúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Ãóíú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÅöÈöáóåõ æóÞóÏøóãõæåóÇ ÃóãóÇãóåõãú ÓóÇÆöÞöíäó áóåóÇ ØóÇÑöÏöíäó. Óóãóáó ÃóÚúíõäóåõãú (Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÓóãóÑó) . æóãóÚúäóì Óóãóáó: ÝóÞóÃóåóÇ æóÃóÐúåóÈó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ. æóãóÚúäóì ÓóãóÑó: ßóÍóáóåóÇ ÈöãóÓóÇãöíÑó ãóÍúãöíøóÉò. æóÞöíáó: åõãóÇ ÈöãóÚúäðì. æóÊóÑóßóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑøóÉö: åöíó ÃóÑúÖñ ÐóÇÊõ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉò ÓõæÏò ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ(7/439)
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ Êóæóáøóì (1) ÑóÌõáñ Èóíúäó ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Ãóæú Êóæóáøóì Èóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íõÄóÐøóäõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÓõæÝö Ãóæö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÓúÞóÇÁö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÞóÇãõ ÈöãóÏöíäóÊöåö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÌõãõÚóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ Ãóæú íõÕóáøóì íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÚöíÏò æóÇÍöÏò¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ÇáúÚöíÏó Èöãöäðì íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ãóßøóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÊöãøõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó æóãõÒúÏóáöÝóÉó æóãöäðì ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ (2) ßóÇäó íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÊóíúäö Èöãöäðì¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞúÕõÑõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÑóÖó Õóæúãó ÔóåúÑò ÂÎóÑó ÛóíúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÑóÖó ÕóáóÇÉð ÓóÇÏöÓóÉð æóÞúÊó ÇáÖøõÍóì Ãóæú äöÕúÝó Çááøóíúáö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÑóÖó ÍóÌøó ÈóíúÊò ÂÎóÑó ÛóíúÑö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÈößóáóÇãò íõÔóÇÈöåõåõ¡ æóäóÍúæó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö - áóßõäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ßóÐöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÈöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö áóÇÒöãöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãöãøóÇ íóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉð áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð áöÃõãøóÊöäóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú ÊóÊóæóÇÊóÑó¡ Úõáöãó ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö äóÞúáõ ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó áóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ (ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò (3) ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ äõÞöáó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö (4)
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(1) ã: áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÊõæõÝøöíó
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÃóäøóåõ
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóãú íõÈóáøöÛúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò. .
(4) Ó¡ È: Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö(7/440)
ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö (1) ãóÚó ÊóäóÇÒõÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ æóÊóÔóÇæõÑöåöãú (2) ÝöíåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö¡ æóÍöíäó ãóæúÊö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÍöíäó ÌõÚöáó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉò¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö * Ãóäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö áóæú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ äóÕøó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò äóÕøðÇ ÌóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ áöáúÚõÐúÑö Úóáöãóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ áóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö * (3) ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóäúÞõáóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ äóÞúáó ãöËúáöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑóåõ áößóËöíÑò (4) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú¡ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóæóÇØöäö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ Úóáóì ÐößúÑöåö ÝöíåóÇ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáÊøóæóÝøõÑö¡ ÝóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóáúÒõæãñ¡ æóäóÙóÇÆöÑõ Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈõ åõæó äóÞöíÖõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö íõÚúáóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÄõåõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöËõÈõæÊö äóÞöíÖöåö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö.
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãóÚó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ÎóÈöíÑðÇ ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó¡ æóÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó Úóáöãó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó íóÞöíäðÇ (5) ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö (ÅöáøóÇ) (6) ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÝóÖúáö (7) ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö æóÕöÍøóÉö ÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóßóÐöÈö ãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ.
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö
(2) ã: æóÔóÇæóÑóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) Ó¡ È: ßóËöíÑñ
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÚóíúäðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(6) ÅöáøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÝõÖõæáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ(7/441)
Ëõãøó ßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåö¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÈõØúáóÇäö ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ãöãøóäú íóÏøóÚöí äóÕøðÇ ÎóÝöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó (1) ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ Ãóæú íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÓöíØö áöÖóÚúÝö Úöáúãöåöãú ÈöãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö.
[ÊæÌÏ ÃÍÇÏíË ÃÎÑì áã íÐßÑåÇ ÇáÑÇÝÖí æåí ÃÏá Úáì ãÞÕæÏå ãä ÇáÊí ÐßÑåÇ]
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æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ Ëóãøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃõÎóÑõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ¡ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð áóÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÏóáøõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ áóßöäøóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãóßúÐõæÈóÉð Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈó Ýöí ÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò ÃóßúËóÑõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉó ÃóÌúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ãöäó ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö (2) : " ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ Úóáöíøò ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ (3) ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó áóãú ÊóÞúäóÚú ÝóæóÖóÚóÊú áóåõ ãóÇ íóÖóÚõ áóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ (4) ¡ æóÍõæÔöíóÊú (5) ÍóÇÔöíóÊõåõ (6) ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö (7) Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ".
ÞóÇáó (8) : " ÝóÇÚúáóãú (9) Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÕúäóÇÝò: ÕöäúÝñ ãöäúåõãú (10) ÓóãöÚõæÇ
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(6) ä¡ Ó: ÍóÇÔóÊúåõ ; ã: ÍóÇÓóÈóåõ
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(8) ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇÚúáóãú
(10)) ãöäúåõãú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö "(7/442)
ÃóÔúíóÇÁó (1) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóæóÖóÚõæÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó æóÒóÇÏõæÇ æóäóÞóÕõæÇ¡ æóÕöäúÝñ áóãú íóÓúãóÚõæÇ ÝóÊóÑóÇåõãú íóßúÐöÈõæäó Úóáóì ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÞóÇáó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ¡ æóÞóÇáó (2) ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÕöäúÝñ (3) ËóÇáöËñ ÚóæóÇãøñ ÌóåóáóÉñ íóÞõæáõæäó ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó ãöãøóÇ íóÓõæÛõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ ".
Ýóãöäú ÃóãóÇËöáö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö (4) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚóåõ (5) Ýöí ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö Úóáöíøò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ (6) ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÏö (7) Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÎõæ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (8) ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ¡ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåóÇ ÈóÚúÏöí (9) ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ¡ ÕóáøóíúÊõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó "¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö " (10) ¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò áóåõ (11) : " æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÓóÈúÚö Óöäöíäó ".
æóÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò.
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(1) 1) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÔóíúÆðÇ
(2) 2) ã: Ãóæú ÞóÇáó
(3) 3) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóÇáÕøöäúÝõ
(4) 4) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/341
(5) 5) ã: ÕóäøóÝóåõ
(6) 6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó
(7) 7) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó
(8) 8) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóÃóÎõæ ÑóÓõæáöåö
(9) 9) ÈóÚúÏöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(10) 0) Í 2 Õ 586 587 (ÑóÞúãõ 993)
(11) 1) Ãóíú Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóÐõßöÑóÊú Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáÑøóÞúãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö(7/443)
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (1) : " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (2) ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãõ Èöåö ÚóÈøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ßóÇäó ÖóÚöíÝó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö: (3) " (ÍóãøóÇÏñ) (4) ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ: Ñóæóì (5) ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó áóÇ íõÊóÇÈóÚõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãöäúåóÇáõ ÝóÊóÑóßóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ ÞóÇáó (6) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò: " ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÃóÎõæ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (7) " ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÖúÑöÈú Úóáóíúåöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõäúßóÑñ (8) ".
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÚóÈøóÇÏñ íõÑúæóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ (9) ßóÇäó ÃóÈóÑøó¡ æóÃóÕúÏóÞó¡ æóÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóßúÐöÈó¡ æóíóÞõæáó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÈóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ áöÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÇáúÞóÈöíÍó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöãøóÇ (10)
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(1) Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/341
(2) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚñ
(3) ä¡ ã: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö
(4) ÍóãøóÇÏñ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ó) ¡ (È) æóáóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ". Èóáú Ýöíåö: æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ
(5) ã: íóÑúæöí
(6) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóÞóÇáó
(7) ä: æóÃóÎõæ ÑóÓõæáöåö ; æóÃóÎõæ ÑóÓõæáöåö æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ æóÕöíøõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " åóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãõäúßóÑñ áöÃóÌúáö ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö ÇáúßõæÝöíøö. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " 2/368: åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò "
(9) Ó¡ È: Ãóäøóåõ
(10)) ã: ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó(7/444)
íõÔúÊóÈóåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÎúØöÆó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÇáäøóÇÞöáõ Úóäúåõ ÅöãøóÇ ãõÊóÚóãøöÏñ ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÎúØöÆñ ÛóÇáöØñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÞóÏúÍõ ÇáúãõÈúÛöÖö áöÚóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáúãõÊóÚóÕøöÈöíäó áöÈóäöí ãóÑúæóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóÇ íõÔóßøößõäóÇ Ýöí ÕöÏúÞöåö æóÈöÑøöåö æóÊóÞúæóÇåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÞóÏúÍõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú æóÞóÏúÍõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó áóÇ íõÔóßøößõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåöãú æóÈöÑøöåöãú æóÊóÞúæóÇåõãú¡ Èóáú äóÍúäõ äóÌúÒöãõ ÈöÃóäøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó.
¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäúåõ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÛúáóØõ (1) Ýöí ãöËúáöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÌóÒóãúäóÇ ÈößóÐöÈö ÇáäøóÇÞöáö ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ Ãóæú ãõÎúØöÆðÇ.
ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Ýöí " ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö " (2) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö (3) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ (4) ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò. æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ (5) Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ (6) ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö¡ «Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú: {æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214) ÏóÚóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãöäúåõãú áóÂßöáðÇ ÌóÐóÚóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÔóÇÑöÈðÇ ÝóÑóÞðÇ» . . Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
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(1) 1) Ó¡ È: ãöãøóÇ íõÛúáóØõ
(2) 2) Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " 2/650 651 (ÑóÞúãõ 1108)
(3) 3) ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö: Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö ÇáúÍöãøóÇäöíøõ
(4) 4) ã: Èúäö ÚõãóÑó
(5) 5) ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö: ÃóÓúæóÏõ
(6) 6) ã: Èúäö ÚõãóÑó(7/445)
æóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÞóØøõ¡ æóßóÐöÈõåõ ÙóÇåöÑñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö (2) ": ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ (3) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇÏöÞò¡ Úóäú ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö äóÇÌöÒò¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íõÚúáóãõ (4) Ãóäøóåõãú íóÑúæõæäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáó.
æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (5) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÌúáóÍó¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó (6) Èúäö ßõåóíúáò¡ Úóäú ÍóÈøóÉó Èúäö Ìõæóíúäò (7) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ (8) ÚóÈóÏúÊõ Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÎóãúÓó Óöäöíäó Ãóæú ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö: ÍóÈøóÉõ áóÇ íõÓóÇæöí ÍóÈøóÉð (9) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÐøóÇÈñ¡ ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì: áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò (10) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ: ÛóíúÑõ ËöÞóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö æóÇåöíðÇ (11) Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÌúáóÍõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÛóíúÑó ÍóÏöíËò ãõäúßóÑò. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö (12) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ".
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(1) 1) ÞóÇáó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÃóÌúáö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÍöãøóÇäöíøö æóÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÔóÑöíßò "
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö " ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáÊøóÇáöí¡ æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö " 2/700 (ÑóÞúãõ 1196) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÂÎóÑó
(3) ä: ÚóÝøóÇäõ ; ã: ÚóÝøóÇÑñ
(4) Ó¡ È: æóåõæó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/341 342
(6) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÃóÌóáóÍó Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó
(7) ã: Èúäö ÌõæóíúÑò (ÛóíúÑó ãóäúÞõæØóÉò)
(8) ÃóäóÇ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö "
(9) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõæÖóÚñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÈøóÉõ ÝóáóÇ íõÓóÇæöí ÍóÈøóÉð
(10) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: áóíúÓó ÍóÏöíËõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò
(11) ã: æóÇåöäðÇ
(12) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÈöÍóÏöíËöåö(7/446)
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (1) : æóãöãøóÇ íõÈúØöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÅöÓúáóÇãö ÎóÏöíÌóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÒóíúÏò (2) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÃóÓúáóãó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ (3) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÕöÍøõ åóÐóÇ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ (4) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " (ÃóäóÇ) (5) ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ (6) "¡ " æóåõæó ãöãøóÇ ÚóãöáóÊúåõ íóÏõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö äóÕúÑò ÇáÐøóÑøóÇÚö (7) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ".
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ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÍõÌøóÉò íóÓúáõßõåóÇ ÇáÔøöíÚöíøõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÈöÅöÒóÇÆöåóÇ áöáÓøõäøöíøö ÍõÌøóÉñ ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÍõÌøóÉò íóÓúáõßõåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈöíøñ ÅöáøóÇ æóáöáúãõÓúáöãö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãöäúåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ íóÃúÊõæäóßó ÈöãóËóáò ÅöáøóÇ ÌöÆúäóÇßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóÍúÓóäó ÊóÝúÓöíÑðÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 33)
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ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú áóÝóÓóÏóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ " ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ": 71) .
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(5) ã: ÝóÅöäøó(7/458)
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÕõÍúÈóÉð áóåõ¡ æóÞõÑúÈðÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇÊøöÕóÇáðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÇåóÑóåõãú ßõáøóåõãú¡ æóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÐõãøõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÚóäõåõãú¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõËúäöí Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóÈóÇØöäðÇ¡ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö¡ ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇÒöãñ: ÅöãøóÇ ÚóÏóãõ Úöáúãöåö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú¡ Ãóæú ãõÏóÇåóäóÊõåõ áóåõãú¡ æóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýóåõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóãóÇ Þöíáó:
ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó áóÇ ÊóÏúÑöí ÝóÊöáúßó ãõÕöíÈóÉñ ... æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÊóÏúÑöí ÝóÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ
æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÇäúÍóÑóÝõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎöÐúáóÇäñ ãöäó Çááøóåö áöáÑøóÓõæáö Ýöí ÎóæóÇÕøö ÃõãøóÊöåö¡ æóÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÏú ÃõÎúÈöÑó ÈöãóÇ Óóíóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ Ãóíúäó ßóÇäó Úóäú Úöáúãö Ðóáößó¿ æóÃóíúäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõæóáøóì ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑóåóÇ¡ æóãóäú æõÚöÏó Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó Ïöíäõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíäö ßõáøöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÎóæóÇÕøöåö ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¿
ÝóåóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÇáØøóÚúäó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áöíóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÑóÌõáõ ÓóæúÁò ßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÓóæúÁò¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ áóßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÕóÇáöÍöíäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÏóÓöíÓóÉõ ÇáÒøóäúÏóÞóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ æõÖöÚó ÚóáóíúåóÇ. æóØóÑöíÞñ ÂÎóÑõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÉõ áöÚóáöíøò - Åöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó -(7/459)
ÞóæöíøóÉñ (1) ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÑöÝõ ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÍóÇÕöáóÉñ. æóãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáÏøóÇÚöí¡ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó (2) ÇÈúäõ Úóãøö äóÈöíøöåöãú¡ æóãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáöåöãú äóÓóÈðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ÚóÏóÇæóÉñ: áóÇ ÚóÏóÇæóÉõ äóÓóÈò¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÓúáóÇãò¡ ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÞóÊóáó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì (3) ãõäúÊóÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃõÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú¡ æóáóåõãõ ÇáÔøóæúßóÉõ¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú ãöäú Èóäöí Êóíúãò¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö (4) ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáõ (5) ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÊóáó ãöäúåóÇ ßóÈóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò¡ ßóÇäóÊú ÊõæóÇáöíåö¡ æóÊóÎúÊóÇÑõ æöáóÇíóÊóåõ (6) ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÕøó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö (7) ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó (8) åõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó áóåóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÚöáúãõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó íõæÌöÈõ ÇäúÈöÚóÇËó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåöãú Åöáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÕóÇÑöÝñ íóãúäóÚõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÓóÇÚöÏóÉð áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóÇÚöí¡ æóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑöÖó áóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÕóÇÑöÝó ÃóÕúáðÇ.
æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝó ßóÇäó Ýöí äóÝóÑò Þóáöíáò ÝóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÇÑöÝñ íóÕúÑöÝõåõãú Úóäúåõ¡ Èóáú åõãú ÞóÇÏöÑõæäó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ: Úóáöíøñ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓóÚúÏò æóãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - (ãóÇ) (9) Ãóãúßóäó ÃõæáóÆößó
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(1) ÞóæöíøóÉñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ (Ó) . æóÝöí (È) : ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ.
(2) åõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) ÇáúãóÚúäóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(5) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(6) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(8) È: áóæú ßóÇäó
(9) ãóÇ: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú(7/460)
ÇáäøóÝóÑó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó Ãóäú íõÏóÇÝöÚõæåõãú¡ æóÞóÇãó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÚó Úóáöíøò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóßóÇäó ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ íõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚõãóÑó áöÔöÏøóÊöåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÈõÛúÖõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó áöÚõãóÑó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÈõÛúÖöåöãú áöÚóáöíøò ÈöãóÇ áóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ Èóáú áóãú (1) íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó íõÈúÛöÖõåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ (2) ßóãóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÃóãúËóÇáóåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÚõãóÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÔóÏöíÏðÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ãóäú íóäúÝöÑõæÇ Úóäú ÌöåóÉò ÝöíåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ßóÑöåó ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ØóáúÍóÉõ: ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ áöÑóÈøößó ÅöÐóÇ æóáøóíúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóÙøðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÈöÇááøóåö ÊõÎóæøöÝõäöí¿ ÃóÞõæáõ: æóáøóíúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÎóíúÑó Ãóåúáößó.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ãóÚó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ãóÚó Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÛúáöÈõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÚóåõ¿ æóåóÈú Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãõæÇ áóãú íóÛúáöÈõæÇ¡ ÃóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÊõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóÌúÑöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó Þöíáó æóÞóÇáó æóäóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÌöÏóÇáö¿ ÃóæóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÓóÚúÏò¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ ÈöÔõÈúåóÉò (3) áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåóÇ ØóãöÚõæÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÃóãøóÑó ÓóÚúÏñ¡ Ýóãóäú íóßõæäõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúãõÍöÞøõ (4) ¿
æóäóÕøõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáúÌóáöíøõ ßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÚúæóÇäõåõ ÃóØúãóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóãú íóäúÈöÒú (5) ãõÊóßóáøöãñ ãöäúåõãú (6) ÈößóáöãóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóãú íóÏúÚõ ÏóÇÚò Åöáóì Úóáöíøò:
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áöãóäú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(2) ÅöáøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) ä: ÊõÔúÈöåõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÍóÞøõ
(5) ã: íóäúÈöÒúåõ¡ Ó: íõãóíøöÒú ; È: íóäúÈöÓú
(6) ãöäúåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)(7/461)
áóÇ åõæó æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Åöáóì Ãóäú ÈõæíöÚó áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÞóÇãó åõæó æóÃóÚúæóÇäõåõ ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóáóãú íóÓúßõÊõæÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇÏõæÇ íóÛúáöÈõæÇ (1) - Úõáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÓõßõæÊóåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ ßóÇäó áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖóì áóÇ áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõãú Úöáúãñ ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó (2) ÇáúÃóÍóÞøõ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú äóÕøò Ìóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ (3) áóãøóÇ ÈóÏóÇ áóåõãõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞõåõ ÞóÇãõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúãõãóÇäóÚóÉö ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÈößóËöíÑò ßóËöíÑò¡ áóæú ßóÇäó áöÚóáöíøò ÍóÞøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò áóãú íóÏúÚõ Åöáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÑúÛóÈó æóáóÇ ÃóÑúåóÈó¡ æóáóÇ (4) ßóÇäó ØóÇáöÈðÇ áöáÑøöÆóÇÓóÉö ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò äóÓóÈóåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚóÇäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÞõæáõ: ÎóÐóáóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÊóáóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí ÚóÓúßóÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ãóäóÚóÊú ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ãõÈóÇíóÚóÊöåö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáÕøóæóÇÑöÝõ ßóÇäóÊú ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉð Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÌõäúÏõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó¡ æóÍóÞøõåõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó - áóæú ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ - ÃóÙúåóÑó¡ æóãõäóÇÒöÚõæåõ ÃóÖúÚóÝó ÏóÇÚöíðÇ æóÃóÖúÚóÝó ÞõæøóÉð¡ æóáóíúÓó åõäóÇßó ÏóÇÚò Þóæöíøñ íóÏúÚõæ Åöáóì ãóäúÚöåö (5) ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ ÌõäúÏñ (6) íõÌúãöÚõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÇÊóáóÊöåö (7) ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó.
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(1) ä¡ Ó: íõÚúáöäõæÇ
(2) Ó¡ È: ÈöÃóäøóåõ åõæó
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÃóäøóåõãú
(4) È: áóÇ
(5) ä¡ Ó: ãóäúÝóÚóÉò ; ã: ÈóíúÚóÉò (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò)
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÌõäúÏõåõ
(7) Ó: ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö(7/462)
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áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - æóåõæó Ïöíäõ Çááøóåö - ÞóæöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Ýöí ÌöÏøóÊöåö (4) æóØóÑóÇæóÊöåö (5) æóÅöÞúÈóÇáöåö¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ÃóáøóÇ (6) íóÕúÑöÝõæÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóãøóäú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóÍóÞøõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóæú (ßóÇäó) (7) áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú åóæðì ãóÚó ÇáúÛóíúÑö.
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ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåóÇ ãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑóåóÇ Úóáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò åõæó ÇáúÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó æöáóÇíóÊóåõ ÃóÑúÖóì áöáøóåö (8) æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÝóÈóÇíóÚõæåõ¡
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(8) ã: ÊõÑúÖöí Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ(7/463)
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ãöäó ÇáäøóÝúíö ÝóÚóÇÏóÊö ÇáÓøóÝúÓóØóÉõ Åöáóì ÌóÍúÏö ÇáúÍóÞøö (1) ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö¡ Ãóæú ÌóÍúÏö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö.
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æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóßóÐöÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó (6) íóÑúæõæäó (7) ãóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóíõæÌöÈõ ÚöÕúãóÉó Úóáöíøò¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ãóäú íóÑúæöí ãóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõ Èöåö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóÓóÝúÓóØóÊõåõãú ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÙõåõæÑó ÅöíãóÇäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÙõåõæÑö ÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÝóÖúáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
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æóÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÏõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò ßóÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÃóÈóÇäó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÌóáøó ÞõÑóíúÔò ÞóÏúÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÈó äóÓóÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãóáößðÇ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÞóÏøöãú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöÞõÑúÈö äóÓóÈò ãöäúåõ æóáóÇ ÈöÔóÑóÝö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãó ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì.
æóÏóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃõãøóÊóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó Çááøóåó¡ æóíõØöíÚõæäó ÃóãúÑóåõ¡ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ ÃõÈöíÍó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäó Çáúãõáúßö¡ ÝóÅöäøó (1) Çááøóåó ÎóíøóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóáößðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ (2) ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ.
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(3) Ó¡ È: ÃóÞóÇãó
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ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «Åöäøöí æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÚúØöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÃóãúäóÚõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÞóÇÓöãñ (1) ÃóÖóÚõ ÍóíúËõ ÃõãöÑúÊõ» " (2) .
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æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÊóäúÒöíåöåö Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãöäú ãõáõæßö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÏóáóÇáóÉõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì äõÈõæøóÊöåö æóäóÒóÇåóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáÙøõáúãö ÃóÚúÙóãõ æóÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ æóáóæú Êóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ Úóáöíøñ Ãóæú æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ¡ æóÇáúÅöáúØóÇÝóÇÊõ (4) ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉõ.
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(4) ã: ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ æóáóÇ ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊõ. .
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æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäóÊú ÞõÏúÑóÊõåõãóÇ Ãóßúãóáó æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊõåõãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ ÝóÈöåóÐóÇ äóÕóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ æóÃóÐóáøó ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáäøöÝóÇÞó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóãú íõÄúÊó ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ãóÇ ÃõæÊöíóÇ.
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóãóÇ ÝóÖøóáó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóÖøóáó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íõÄúÊó ãóÇ ÃõæÊöíóÇ áóãú íõãúßöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóßóÇäó (2) Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÚúÌóÒó æóÃóÚúÌóÒó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Úóáóì Ãóíøö æóÌúåò ÞõÏøöÑó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúãõÊóÔóíøöÚõ: Åöäøó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚóåõ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõØöíÚõæäóåõ.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÅöÐóÇ (3) ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ (4) áóãú íõØöíÚõæåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõØöíÚõåõ ãóäú áóãú íõÈóÇíöÚúåõ (5) ¿ æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: áóæú ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ (6) ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóÝóÚóáó Èöåöãú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ.
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(1) ÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " æóÍöíäóÆöÐò " íõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Ó) ¡ (È) ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÊóíúäö¡ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ãóÇ íóáöí: " æóßóÐóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ áóÝúÙõåõ " Ýóåõæó " æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ íõæÓõÝ ÍõÓóíúä " æóßóÊóÈó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ (È) Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÊóíúäö ". æóÝöí (ä) ßõÊöÈóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóßóÇäó " æóáóßöäú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÔóØúÈñ. æóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (ã)
(3) Ó¡ È: Åöäú
(4) ã: ÊóÇÈóÚõæåõ
(5) ã: íõÊóÇÈöÚúåõ
(6) ã: ÊóÇÈóÚõæåõ(7/470)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÏú ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóäú ÈóÇíóÚó (1) ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóäóÍúæóåõãóÇ (2) ¡ æóÚóÏõæøõåõ ÃóÖúÚóÝõ æóÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú ÚóÏõæøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÝöÚúáóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÊóÞúæðì¡ ÝóäóÕóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ áöÐóáößó.
Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Ãóæú ÝóÇÓöÞöíäó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó äóÕúÑõåõãú æóÊóÃúíöíÏõåõãú áöÅöíãóÇäöåöãú æóÊóÞúæóÇåõãú¡ Ïóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæåõãóÇ (3) ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ (4) ÚóáöíøðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ (5) ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÞöÑøöíäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ Ïóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóäúÊóÕöÑú ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÈúÛöÖõæäóåõ æóíóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Úóáóíúåö.
Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö: (Åöäøó) (6) ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÞóÑøõæÇ ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÃóÞóÑøó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ (ÚóáöíøðÇ) (7) ÚõÕóÇÉð áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÔóÑøö (8)
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(1) ã: ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ. æóÝöí (È) : ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóäú ÈóÇíóÚó.
(2) ä: Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõãú Ó¡ È: æóäóÍúæóåõãú
(3) ã: ÊóÇÈóÚõæåõãóÇ
(4) ã: ÊóÇÈóÚõæÇ. æóÓóÃóßúÊóÝöí ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóíóÊóßóÑøóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ
(5) æóÅöÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(6) Åöäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(7) ÚóáöíøðÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(8) ä¡ ÔóÑøö(7/471)
ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãóÍúãõæÏóÉñ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ íóäúÊóÕöÑõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÞóåúÑö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú (1) ßóãóÇáö ÍóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÞúÕõ (2) ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò (3) ãöäú ÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Ðóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúßóãóÇáö æóÇáäøóÞúÕö ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÙóåóÑó ÝóÖúáõåõãóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ (4) ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÑøöíäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ßóæúäóåõãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÇãúÊóÇÒó Èöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóÇ ÇãúÊóÇÒó Èöåö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ.
æóåóÐóÇ Èóíøöäñ áöãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõãú åõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú ÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò * ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ * (5) .
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(1) ä: ãóÚó
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÇáäøóÞúÕõ ; æóÝöí (ã) ßõÊöÈóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÈöäõÞúØóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÝóæúÞó ÇáÕøóÇÏö
(3) Ýöí (Ó) íõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÉò¡ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí ÇáúåóÇãöÔö ãóÇ íóáöí: " áóÚóáøó åõäóÇ ÓóÞóØó áóÝúÙõ: ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. íõæÓõÝ ÍõÓóíúä " æóíõæÌóÏõ ÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ Ýöí (È) æóßóÊóÈó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: " ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÉò "
(4) ä¡ ã: ÈöÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)(7/472)
æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÚóÇÔõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö Þóáöíáñ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó * æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõåõãú Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóãú íõÈóÇíöÚúåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ãóÚóåõ ßóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó * (1) ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ ßóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ØóáúÍóÉó¡ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáó ; áöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö - ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ - Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó æóÃóÍóÞøó ÈöåóÇ - ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö - áóßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÞóÏú ÚóÏóáõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú (2) Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ Èöåö (3) Åöáóì ãóÇ áóãú íõÄúãóÑõæÇ Èöåö¡ Èóáú ãóÇ (4) äõåõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÝóÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ Èöåö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäú ÊóÑóßóåõ¡ æóÝóÚóáó ãóÇ äóåóì Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ ÝóáóÒöãó áóæú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÍóÞøðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ Úóáöíøò
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ä¡ ã: ÃóãóÑó
(3) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(4) ãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) (È)(7/473)
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æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊú Èöåö (3) ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ¡ æóÚóáöãóÊúåõ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí æóÇáúÍõÖøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ÚóåúÏö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÌóÑóì ãöäú ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÚõáõæøöåö¡ æóÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåö¡ æóäõãõæøöåö (4) ¡ æóÇäúÊöÕóÇÑöåö¡ æóÚöÒøöåö¡ æóÞóãúÚö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóÞóåúÑö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúãóÌõæÓö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãóÇ áóãú íóÌúÑö (5) ÈõÚúÏóåõãú ãöËúáõåõ.
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æóãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏöåö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó åóÇÌóÑõæÇ ãöäú ãóßøóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóåóÇÌóÑó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ßóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò åöÌúÑóÊóíúäö: åöÌúÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ æóåöÌúÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ ãõÓúÊóæúáõæäó Úóáóì ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÄúÐóæúäó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóíóáúÞóæúäó ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóåõãú ÕóÇÈöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÐóì¡ ãõÊóÌóÑøöÚõæäó áöãóÑóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ æóÝóÇÑóÞõæÇ ÇáúÃóæúØóÇäó¡ æóåóÌóÑõæÇ ÇáúÎöáøóÇäó áöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ æóÕóÝóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {áöáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäú ÏöíÇÑöåöãú æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäðÇ æóíóäúÕõÑõæäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 8) .
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(5) ä: ãóäú íõÚóÇÏöíåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ; ã: ãõÚóÇÏöíåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò(7/477)
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æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ßóÇäóÊú ÃóæøóáðÇ ÃóÞúæóì¡ æóÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ßóÇäó ÃóæøóáðÇ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÌóÏøóÏú ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÊóÛóíøõÑó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÊöåöãú¡ ÝóÚõáöãó íóÞöíäðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó áóãú íóÊóÌóÏøóÏú (ÚöäúÏóåõãú) (2) ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÑøöÏøóÉó Úóäú Ïöíäöåöãõ ÇáúÈóÊøóÉó¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãöãøóäú ÃóÓúáóãó ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ßóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó æóÃóåúáö äóÌúÏò¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ØóæúÚðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúåõãú - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó áóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÊúÍöåóÇ åóãøó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ËóÈøóÊóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÓõåóíúáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö áóãøóÇ ÍóÇÕóÑóåõãú (3) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÃóæúÇ ÙõåõæÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ãóÛúáõæÈöíäó ÝóåóãøõæÇ ÈöÇáÑøöÏøóÉö ÝóËóÈøóÊóåõãõ (4) Çááøóåõ ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ØóæúÚðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ¡ æóåõãú ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÃóÍóÏñ¡ Èóáú ÖóÚõÝó ÛóÇáöÈõåõãú ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÐóáøóÊú ÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Úóáóì Ïöíäöåö ÍóÊøóì ËóÈøóÊóåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÞóæøóÇåõãú ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÚóÇÏõæÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúíóÞöíäö¡
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(2) ÚöäúÏóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(3) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÍóÕóÑóåõãú
(4) ã: æóËøóÈóåõãú(7/478)
æóÌöåóÇÏö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ãóäøó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö ÈöÕöÏøöíÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Ïöíäóåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÍóÝöÙóåõ Èöåö ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ íóÌúÒöíåö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÌóÒóÇÁö.
[ÇáãäåÌ ÇáÑÇÈÚ Ýí ÇáÃÏáÉ ÇáÏÇáÉ Úáì ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÇáãÓÊäÈØÉ ãä ÃÍæÇáå]
[ÇáÃæá Ãäå ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúãóäúåóÌõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö (ÇáúãõÓúÊóäúÈóØóÉö) (2) ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö (3) æóåöíó ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ".
Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó: ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÚúÈóÏóåõãú¡ æóÃóÚúáóãóåõãú¡ æóÃóÔúÌóÚóåõãú¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö áóåõ¡ æóÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáóì ÃóæúÌõåò (4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (5) : " ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " (6) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÇáúãóäúÚõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÍóÇáöåöãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÃóÒúåóÏõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáÒøõåúÏó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó áóåõ ãóÇáñ íóßúÊóÓöÈõåõ (7) ÝóÃóäúÝóÞóåõ ßõáøóåõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó¡
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(1) Ýöí (ß) 174 (ã)
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(3) ß: ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÌúåò
(5) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð
(6) ß: Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö
(7) ã: ãõßúÊóÓöÈõåõ ; Ó¡ È: íóßúÓöÈõåõ(7/479)
ÝóÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõæÞö íóÈöíÚõ æóíóÊóßóÓøóÈõ (1) ¡ ÝóáóÞöíóåõ ÚõãóÑõ æóÚóáóì íóÏöåö ÃóÈúÑóÇÏñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: Ãóíúäó ÊóÐúåóÈõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÙóäóäúÊó Ãóäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ (2) ØóáóÈó ÇáúãóÚöíÔóÉö áöÚöíóÇáöí¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÝóÑóÖõæÇ áóåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ ÝóÍóáóÝóÇ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÈóÇÍõ (3) áóåõ ÃóÎúÐõ ÏöÑúåóãóíúäö ßõáøó íóæúãò¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÑóßó ãóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÃóãóÑó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãóäú ÊóÑõÏøó Åöáóì ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ãóÇáöåö ãöäú ãóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóæóÌóÏóÊú ÌóÑúÏó ÞóØöíÝóÉò áóÇ íõÓóÇæöí ÎóãúÓóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ æóÍóÈóÔöíøóÉð ÊõÑúÖöÚõ ÇÈúäóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÍóÈóÔöíøðÇ¡ æóÈóÚöíÑðÇ äóÇÖöÍðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóÊú ÈöÐóáößó Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò áóåõ: ÃóÊóÓúáõÈõ åóÐóÇ ÚöíóÇáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóáøóÇ æóÑóÈøö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ áóÇ íóÊóÃóËøóãõ (4) ãöäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóÃóÊóÍóãøóáõåõ ÃóäóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ÒóÇåöÏðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúãóÇáõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÓöÚóÉõ¡ ÝóÃóäúÝóÞóåõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÍóÇáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÏøó ãóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ áöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÒóäúÌóæóíúåö (5) : " æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÞöíÑðÇ íõÚóÇáõ æóáóÇ íóÚõæáõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó ÇáúãóÇáó: ÇáÑøöÈóÇÚó¡ æóÇáúãóÒóÇÑöÚó¡ æóÇáäøóÎöíáó¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÝó¡ æóÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÊöÓúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓõÑøöíøóÉð¡ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõ äöÓúæóÉò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãõÈóÇÍñ - æóáöáøóåö
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(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÊóÑóßúÊõ
(3) ã: ãõÈóÇÍñ
(4) ã: áóÇ íóÊóÃóáøóãõ
(5) åõæó ÍõãóíúÏõ Èúäõ ãóÎúáóÏò¡ Ãóæú ÍõãóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÒóäúÌóæóíúåö¡ Èúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ãöäú ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãõÕóäøöÝõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö " æóßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö "¡ ÍóÏøóËó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáÓøöÌöÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 251. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 2/550 551 ; ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 2/319(7/480)
ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑú (1) ÈöÑóÏøö ãóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ (2) áöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÎóØóÈó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó (3) ÕóÝúÑóÇÁó æóáóÇ ÈóíúÖóÇÁó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÓóÈúÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÏöÑúåóãò ÈóÞöíóÊú ãöäú ÚóØóÇÆöåö ".
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ßõáóíúÈò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: (ÞóÇáó) (4) Úóáöíøñ: áóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõäöí Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÑúÈõØõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó Úóáóì ÈóØúäöí ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóÅöäøó ÕóÏóÞóÉó ãóÇáöí áóÊóÈúáõÛõ Çáúíóæúãó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ (5) . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäú ÍóÌøóÇÌò Úóäú ÔóÑöíßò (6) ¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ¡ æóÝöíåö: áóÊóÈúáõÛõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò.
ÝóÃóíúäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÒõåúÏö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¿ ! æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÇ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÒóÇåöÏóíúäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò (7) : " æóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáõæäó: Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏóåõãú " ÞóÇáó: " æóßóÐóÈó åóÐóÇ
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(4) ÞóÇáó: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö 2/712 (ÑóÞúãõ 1218)
(6) Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " ÇáÑøóÞúãõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 899¡ 927¡ 1217. æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö 1/539 æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÔóÑöíßò 2/712: " ÔóÑöíßñ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ ÓóíøöÆõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö 1/539 æóÝöíåö Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÏøõæáóÇÈöíøõ Ýöí Çáúßõäóì (2: 163) ãöäú ÔóÑöíßò ÈöÏõæäö Þóæúáöåö: æóÅöäøó ÕóÏóÞóÊöí. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÊóÕúÑöíÍñ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÇäó íóÑúÈõØõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÍúÊóãóáñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. . . . .
(7) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÝöÕóáö Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " 4/216 218. æóåõäóÇßó ÝõÑõæÞñ Èóíúäó äóÕøö ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ æóÈóíúäó " ÇáúÝöÕóáö " ÓóÃõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÃóåóãøöåóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ(7/481)
ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ¡ æóÈõÑúåóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÒøõåúÏó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚõÒõæÝõ (1) ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóäú ÍõÈøö ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÚóäö ÇááøóÐøóÇÊö¡ æóÚóäö Çáúãóíúáö Åöáóì ÇáúæóáóÏö æóÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö¡ áóíúÓó áöáÒøõåúÏö (2) ãóÚúäðì íóÞóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö ÅöáøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÚõÒõæÝõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóäö ÇáúãóÇáö ÝóÞóÏú Úóáöãó ßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ÈóÕóÑò ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÎóÇáöíóÉö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÓúáóãó æóáóåõ ãóÇáñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ Þöíáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ (3) ÃóäúÝóÞóåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ßõáøóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÚúÊóÞó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÖúÚóÝöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó Ýöí ÐóÇÊö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÊöÞú ÚóÈöíÏðÇ ÃóÌúáóÇÏðÇ (4) íóãúäóÚõæäóåõ¡ áóßöäú ßõáøó ãõÚóÐøóÈò æóãõÚóÐøóÈóÉò Ýöí Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÍóÊøóì åóÇÌóÑó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÓöÊøóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÏöÑúåóãò ÍóãóáóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íõÈúÞö áöÈóäöíåö ãöäúåóÇ ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóäúÝóÞóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóãú íóÈúÞó áóåõ ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÈóÞöíó Ýöí ÚóÈóÇÁóÉò áóåõ ÞóÏú ÎóáøóáóåóÇ ÈöÚõæÏò¡ ÅöÐóÇ äóÒóáó ÝóÑóÔóåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóßöÈó áóÈöÓóåóÇ¡ ÅöÐú Êóãóæøóáó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇÞúÊóäóì ÇáÑøöÈóÇÚó ÇáúæóÇÓöÚóÉó¡ æóÇáÖøöíóÇÚó ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉó ãöäú ÍöáøöåóÇ æóÍóÞøöåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÂËóÑó ÈöÐóáößó (Çááøóåó) (5) Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö (6) ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöãøóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó æóÃóãúÓóßó¡ Ëõãøó æóáöíó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÝóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÌóÇÑöíóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÊóæóÓøóÚó Ýöí ãóÇáò.
æóÚóÏøó ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö (7) ãóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóæóáóÏöåö ãöäú ãóÇáö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÓúÊóæúÝö ãöäúåõ
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(1) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÛõÑõæÈõ
(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÇáÒøõåúÏõ
(3) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÏöÑúåóãò
(4) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÌóáúÏðÇ
(5) Çááøóåó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã)
(6) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÂËóÑó ÈöÐóáößó ÓóÈöíáó Çááøóåö
(7) Ó¡ È: æóÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö(7/482)
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(7) Ó: ÇáúæóáöíÏö(7/483)
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(2) ã: æóßõËúÑöåóÇ ; ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóßóËúÑóÊöåóÇ
(3) ã: æóÞóÏú ÝóÊóÍó Çááøóåõ ÇáÔøóÇãó
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Ëõãøó áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇÈúäóåõ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÚõãóÑõ ÇÈúäóåõ (1) Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö (2) ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÝõÖóáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÎöíóÇÑöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö (3) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóåúáðÇ áöÐóáößó¡ æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ áóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ¡ ÝóãóÇ (4) ÝóÚóáó.
æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöÐú æóáöíó ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ: ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò (5) Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóÞõËóãðÇ æóãóÚúÈóÏðÇ ÇÈúäóíö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö (6) Úóáóì ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÌóÚúÏóÉó Èúäó åõÈóíúÑóÉó (7) ¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃõÎúÊöåö Ãóãøö åóÇäöÆò ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóì ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö æóÃóÎõæ æóáóÏöåö¡ Úóáóì ãöÕúÑó.
æóÑóÖöíó ÈöÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÇÈúäóåõ ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáóÓúäóÇ äõäúßöÑõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÓóäö áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ áóßöäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ãóäú ÒóåöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö áöæóáóÏò ãöËúáö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóæú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó (8) Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÝöí ÊóÃúãöíÑö ãöËúáö ØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇÈúäóåõ ÚõãóÑõ
(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÚõãóÑõ ÇÈúäóåõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö
(3) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ
(4) È: ÝöíãóÇ
(5) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÚóÈúÏó Çáúãóáößö Èúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 2/325 Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: " Ýóáóãú íóÒóáö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó Úóáöíøñ "
(6) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóÎóËúÚóãó æóãóÚúÈóÏðÇ Èóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 6/29 æóÝöíåö: " æóæóáøóÇåõ Úóãøõåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞõÊöáó Úóáöíøñ " æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 8/361 362
(7) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóÌóÚúÏóÉó Èúäó äõãóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/81
(8) ã: íóÊøóÝöÞõæäó(7/485)
ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ ÝóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÊóãøõ ÒõåúÏðÇ æóÃóÚúÒóÝõ (1) Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÚóÇäöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ äóÝúÓðÇ (2) ãöãøóäú íóÃúÎõÐõ ãóÇ ÃõÈöíÍó áóåõ ÃóÎúÐõåõ (3) .
ÝóÕóÍøó ÈöÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ (4) ".
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏú (6) ØóáøóÞó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞõæÊõåõ ÌóÑöíÔó ÇáÔøóÚöíÑö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÎúÊöãõåõ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÖóÚó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÇäö Ýöíåö ÃõÏúãðÇ (7) ¡ æóßóÇäó íóáúÈóÓõ ÎóÔöäó ÇáËøöíóÇÈö æóÞóÕöíÑóåóÇ¡ æóÑóÞøóÚó ãöÏúÑóÚóÊóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóÍóì (8) ãöäú ÑóÞúÚöåóÇ (9) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÍóãóÇÆöáõ ÓóíúÝöåö áöíÝðÇ (10) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ äóÚúáõåõ.
æóÑóæóì ÃóÎúØóÈõ ÎõæóÇÑóÒúãó¡ «Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó Òóíøóäóßó ÈöÒöíäóÉò áóãú íõÒóíøöäö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó ÈöÒöíäóÉò ÃóÍóÈøó (11) Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãöäúåóÇ: ÒõåúÏõßó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÈõÛúÖõåóÇ Åöáóíúßó¡
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(1) ÇáúÝöÕóáö 4/218: Ãóæú ÃóÚúÒóÈõ: æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: íóÞöíäðÇ
(3) ÇáúÝóÕúáö: ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐó ãöäúåóÇ (ãöãøóÇ) ÃõÈöíÍó áóåõ ÃóÎúÐõåõ
(4) Ó¡ È: Úóäúåõ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 174 (ã) 176 (ã)
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ: " Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏú. . " áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß)
(7) ß: ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ÅöÏóÇãðÇ
(8) ä: ÇÓúÊóÍúíóì ; ß: ÇÓúÊóÍúíóÇ
(9) ß: ãöäú ÑóÇÞöÚöåóÇ
(10)) ã: áöíÝñ ; á: ÇááøöíÝó
(11) 11) ß: æóåöíó ÃóÍóÈøõ(7/486)
æóÍóÈøóÈó Åöáóíúßó ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó¡ ÝóÑóÖöíÊó Èöåöãú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÑóÖõæÇ Èößó ÅöãóÇãðÇ. íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¡ ØõæÈóì áöãóäú ÃóÍóÈøóßó æóÕóÏøóÞó Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÇáúæóíúáõ áöãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖóßó¡ æóßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúßó. * ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøóßó æóÕóÏøóÞó Úóáóíúßó ÝóÅöÎúæóÇäõßó Ýöí Ïöíäößó¡ æóÔõÑóßóÇÄõßó Ýöí ÌóäøóÊößó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖóßó æóßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúßó * (1) ÝóÍóÞöíÞñ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÞöíãóåõãú (2) ãóÞóÇãó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó» .
ÞóÇáó (3) ÓõæóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÛóÝúáóÉó: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúÊõåõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÕóÝúÍóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ áóÈóäñ ÍóÇÑøñ¡ æóÃóÌöÏõ ÑöíÍóåõ ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÍõãõæÖóÊöåö¡ æóÝöí íóÏöåö ÑóÛöíÝñ ÃóÑóì ÞõÔóÇÑó ÇáÔøóÚöíÑö Ýöí æóÌúåöåö¡ æóåõæó (4) íóßúÓöÑõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈóåõ ßóÓóÑóåõ ÈöÑõßúÈóÊöåö (5) ¡ ÝóØóÑóÍóåõ Ýöíåö (6) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÏúäõ ÝóÃóÕöÈú ãöäú ØóÚóÇãöäóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøöí ÕóÇÆöãñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ãóäú ãóäóÚóåõ ÇáÕøöíóÇãõ Úóäú (7) ØóÚóÇãò íóÔúÊóåöíåö ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõØúÚöãóåõ ãöäú ØóÚóÇãö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóíóÓúÞöíóåõ ãöäú ÔóÑóÇÈöåóÇ» . ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÌóÇÑöíóÊöåö æóåöíó ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ (8) : æóíúÍóßö íóÇ ÝöÖøóÉõ! ÃóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞöíäó Çááøóåó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎö¿ ÃóáóÇ ÊóäúÎõáöíäó ØóÚóÇãóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÑóì Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáäøõÎóÇáö (9) ¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú:
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ß: Úóáóì Çááøóåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Ãóäú íõÞöíãóåõ
(3) : æóÞóÇáó. .
(4) æóåõæó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) Õ 175 (ã)
(5) ß: ÈöÑõßóÈöåö
(6) Ýöíåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß)
(7) ß: ãöäú
(8) ß: æóåöíó ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ ÈöÞõÑúÈò ãöäúåõ
(9) ß: áóåõ ØóÚóÇãóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÑóì Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáäøõÎóÇáóÉö(7/487)
áóÞóÏú ÚóåöÏó (1) ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ äóäúÎõáó áóåõ ØóÚóÇãðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÞõáúÊó áóåóÇ¿ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑúÊõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó (2) : ÈöÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí ãóäú áóãú íõäúÎóáú áóåõ ØóÚóÇãñ¡ æóáóãú íóÔúÈóÚú ãöäú ÎõÈúÒö ÇáúÈõÑøö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÍóÊøóì ÞóÈóÖóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÇÔúÊóÑóì íóæúãðÇ ËóæúÈóíúäö ÛóáöíÙóíúäö¡ ÝóÎóíøóÑó ÞóäúÈóÑðÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÝóÃóÎóÐó æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóáóÈöÓó åõæó ÇáúÂÎóÑó¡ æóÑóÃóì Ýöí ßõãøöåö ØõæáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö ÝóÞóØóÚóåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÖöÑóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÖóãúÑóÉó: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøò (3) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÕöÝú áöí ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÚúÝöäöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú Ðóáößó (4) ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ (5) : ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐú áóÇ ÈõÏøó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÇááøóåö ÈóÚöíÏó ÇáúãóÏóì¡ ÔóÏöíÏó ÇáúÞõæóì¡ íóÞõæáõ ÝóÕúáðÇ¡ æóíóÍúßõãõ ÚóÏúáðÇ¡ íóÊóÝóÌøóÑõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ãöäú ÌóæóÇäöÈöåö¡ æóÊóäúØöÞõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ãöäú äóæóÇÍöíåö¡ íóÓúÊóæúÍöÔõ ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÒöíäóÊöåóÇ¡ æóíóÓúÊóÃúäöÓõ (6) ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóæóÍúÔóÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó æóÇááøóåö (7) ÛóÒöíÑó ÇáúÚóÈúÑóÉö¡ Øóæöíáó ÇáúÝößúÑóÉö¡ íõÚúÌöÈõåõ (8) ãöäó ÇááøöÈóÇÓö ãóÇ ÎóÔõäó¡ æóãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ãóÇ ÞóÔõÈó¡ æóßóÇäó ÝöíäóÇ ßóÃóÍóÏöäóÇ: íõÌöíÈõäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÃóáúäóÇåõ¡ æóíóÃúÊöíäóÇ (9) ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóæúäóÇåõ¡ æóäóÍúäõ -
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(1) ß: áóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó
(2) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ åõäóÇ ÓõæóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÛóÝóáóÉó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ
(3) ß: ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáö Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(4) ß: áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÊóÕöÝóåõ
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóÞóÇáó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(6) ß: æóíóÃúäóÓõ
(7) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ: " æóßóÇäó æóÇááøóåö " áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß)
(8) ß:. . ÇáúÝößúÑóÉö¡ íóÞúáöÈõ ßóÝøóåõ¡ æóíõÚóÇÊöÈõ äóÝúÓóåõ¡ íõÚúÌöÈõåõ
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóíõáóÈøöíäóÇ(7/488)
æóÇááøóåö - ãóÚó ÊóÞúÑöíÈöåö áóäóÇ¡ æóÞõÑúÈöåö ãöäøóÇ áóÇ äõßóáøöãõåõ (1) åóíúÈóÉð áóåõ¡ íõÚóÙøöãõ Ãóåúáó ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóíõÞóÑøöÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäó¡ áóÇ íóØúãóÚõ ÇáúÞóæöíøõ Ýöí ÈóÇØöáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóíúÆóÓõ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝõ ãöäú ÚóÏúáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÏõäúíóÇ (2) ÛõÑøöí ÛóíúÑöí. Ãóáöí ÊóÚóÑøóÖúÊö¿ Ãóãú Åöáóíøó ÊóÔóæøóÝúÊö (3) ¿ åóíúåóÇÊó! ÞóÏú ÈöäúÊõßö (4) ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ áóÇ ÑóÌúÚóÉó Ýöíßö (5) ¡ ÚõãúÑõßö ÞóÕöíÑñ (6) ¡ æóÎóØóÑõßö (7) ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÚóíúÔõßö ÍóÞöíÑñ. Âåò ãöäú ÞöáøóÉö ÇáÒøóÇÏö¡ æóÈõÚúÏö ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ æóæóÍúÔóÉö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö! ÝóÈóßóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ßóÇäó (8) æóÇááøóåö ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÍõÒúäõßó (9) Úóáóíúåö íóÇ ÖöÑóÇÑõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÍõÒúäõ ãóäú ÐõÈöÍó æóáóÏõåóÇ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÑúÞóÃõ ÚóÈúÑóÊõåóÇ æóáóÇ íóÓúßõäõ ÍõÒúäõåóÇ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÒõåúÏõ Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÔøóÃúäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (æóÚõãóÑó) (10) ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì
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(1) (Õ 176 ã) : áóÇ äóßóÇÏõ äõßóáøöãõåõ. .
(2) ß: áóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóæóÇÞöÝöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÎóì Çááøóíúáõ ÓõÏõæáóåõ¡ æóÛóÇÑóÈó äõÌõæãóåõ¡ ÞóÇÈöÖðÇ Úóáóì áöÍúíóÊöåö¡ íóÊóãóáúãóáõ Êóãóáúãõáó ÇáÓøóáöíãö¡ æóíóÈúßöí ÈõßóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÒöíäö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÏõäúíóÇ. .
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÊóÔóæøóÞúÊö: æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) ¡ (ß) ¡ æóÊóÔóæøóÝóÊö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ: Ãóíú ÊóÒóíøóäóÊú
(4) ß: åóíúåóÇÊó åóíúåóÇÊó¡ ÛõÑøöí ÛóíúÑöí¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÈóäúÊõßö. . . æóÇáúÈóÊøõ: ÇáúÞóØúÚõ
(5) ß: ÝöíåóÇ ; È: áöí Ýöíßö
(6) ß: ÝóÚõãúÑõßö ÞóÕöíÑñ
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÈóØóÑõßö
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóßóÇäó ; ß: ÞóÏú ßóÇäó
(9) ß:. . ßóÐóáößó. ÞóÇáó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ: ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÍõÈøõßó áóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ßóÍõÈøö Ãõãøö ãõæÓóì áöãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇ ÍõÒúäõßó. . .
(10) æóÚõãóÑó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã(7/489)
Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÍóÞøðÇ ÝóáóÇ Ïóáöíáó Ýöíåö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí: ÅöãøóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö.
(ÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõåõ ØóáøóÞó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ) (1) Ýóãöäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ (2) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÕóÝúÑóÇÁõ¡ íóÇ ÈóíúÖóÇÁõ¡ ÞóÏú ØóáøóÞúÊõßö ËóáóÇËðÇ ÛõÑøöí ÛóíúÑöí¡ áóÇ ÑóÌúÚóÉó áöí Ýöíßö "¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÞõáú åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó äóÈöíøóäóÇ æóÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó¡ æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÒúåóÏó ãöäúåõ æóáóãú íóÞõæáõæÇ åóÐóÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÒóåöÏó áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö (3) : ÞóÏú ÒóåöÏúÊõ¡ (4) æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÒóåöÏúÊõ (5) ¡ íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÒóåöÏó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÚóÏóãõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏõåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóÞúÊóÇÊõ ÌóÑöíÔó ÇáÔøóÚöíÑö ÈöáóÇ ÃõÏúãò (6) .
ÝóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ áöæóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö ßóÇäó (7) áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ æóáóÇ íóÊóßóáøóÝõ ãóÝúÞõæÏðÇ (8) ¡ Èóáú Åöäú ÍóÖóÑó áóÍúãõ ÏóÌóÇÌò Ãóßóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÍúãõ Ûóäóãò Ãóßóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÍóáúæóÇÁõ Ãóæú ÚóÓóáñ Ãóæú ÝóÇßöåóÉñ Ãóßóáóåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íóÊóßóáøóÝúåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÖóÑó ØóÚóÇãðÇ (9) ¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóåóÇåõ Ãóßóáóåõ æóÅöáøóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóßóáøóÝõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÖõÑõ¡
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú
(2) Úóäúåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóãú íóÌöÈú ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó
(4) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(5) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(6) ã: ÅöÏóÇãò
(7) Ó¡ È:. . æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãó ÇáÒøõåøóÇÏö æóßóÇäó
(8) Ó: ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ
(9) ã: ØóÚóÇãñ.(7/490)
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÑóÈóØó Úóáóì ÈóØúäöåö ÇáúÍóÌóÑó (1) ãöäó ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó (2) íõÞöíãõ ÇáÔøóåúÑó æóÇáÔøóåúÑóíúäö áóÇ íõæÞóÏõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö äóÇÑñ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÃóÕõæãõ æóáóÇ ÃõÝúØöÑõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÃóÞõæãõ æóáóÇ ÃóäóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÊóÒóæøóÌõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóáóÇ Âßõáõ ÇááøóÍúãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóßöäøöí ÃóÕõæãõ æóÃõÝúØöÑõ¡ æóÃóÞõæãõ æóÃóäóÇãõ¡ æóÃóÊóÒóæøóÌõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó¡ æóÂßõáõ ÇááøóÍúãó Ýóãóäú ÑóÛöÈó Úóäú ÓõäøóÊöí ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøöí» . (3)
ÝóßóíúÝó íõÙóäøõ ÈöÚóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÛöÈó Úóäú ÓõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóíõÌúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóäóÇÞöÈöåö¿ ! æóÃóíøõ ãóÏúÍò áöãóäú ÑóÛöÈó ÚóäúåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÊóÇÊõ ÅöáøóÇ ÔóÚöíÑðÇ ãóÌúÑõæÔðÇ áóÇ ÃõÏúãó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÃúßõáõ ÎõÈúÒó ÈõÑøò æóáóÇ áóÍúãðÇ¡ æóÇáäøóÞúáõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó¡ æóåóáú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó¿ Ãóæú åóáú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú: Åöäøó Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ¿
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ßóÇäó ÍóãóÇÆöáõ ÓóíúÝöåö áöíÝðÇ¡ æóäóÚúáõåõ áöíÝðÇ ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÐöÈñ æóáóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö ; ÝóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó äóÚúáó (ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÌõáõæÏö¡ æóÍóãóÇÆöáó) (4) ÓóíúÝö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäóÊú (5) ÐóåóÈðÇ æóÝöÖøóÉð¡ æóÇááøóåó ÞóÏú íóÓøóÑó ÇáÑøöÒúÞó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ãóÏúÍò Ýöí Ãóäú íóÚúÏöáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌõáõæÏö ãóÚó ÊóíóÓøõÑöåóÇ¿ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÏóãö.
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(1) ã: ÈöÇáúÍóÌóÑö
(2) Ó¡ È: æóßóÇäó
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/29 - 30
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ßóÇäó(7/491)
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÇáúÈóÇåöáöíøõ: " áóÞóÏú ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó ÃóÞúæóÇãñ ßóÇäóÊú ÎõØõãõ Îóíúáöåöãú áöíÝðÇ¡ æóÑóßúÈöåöãõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÈöíøó " (1) ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ (2) .
æóÍóÏöíËõ ÚóãøóÇÑò ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÍóÏöíËõ ÓõæóíúÏö Èúäö ÛóÝóáóÉó áóíúÓó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ Ýóåõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÖöÑóÇÑö Èúäö ÖóãúÑóÉó ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáó ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÒõåúÏöåö¡ æóÕóÑúÝöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö Úóäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóäóÞúÕöåö áöÇÈúäöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö Úóäú äóÙöíÑöåö¡ æóáöÇÈúäóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö Úóäú äóÙöíÑóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÃóßúáöåö ÇáúÎóÔöäó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÓøóãó ßõäõæÒó ßöÓúÑóì æóÞóíúÕóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÓøöãõåõ Úóáöíøñ (3) ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ÝõÊõæÍö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãóÇÊó æóÚóáóíúåö ËóãóÇäõæäó ÃóáúÝó ÏöÑúåóãò ÏóíúäðÇ - ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó (4) .
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÒõåúÏõåõ áóãú íóáúÍóÞúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈóÞóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÚóáóÇíøó. æóÝöí " ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " 3/121: " ÇáúÚóáóÇÈöíøõ ÌóãúÚõ ÚöáúÈóÇÁó¡ æóåõæó ÚóÕóÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÚõäõÞö ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÊóÔõÏøõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÌúÝóÇäö ÓõíõæÝöåöãú "
(2) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÇáúÈóÇåöáöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝò Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/39: (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáÓøõíõæÝö) æóäóÕøõåõ:. . ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÃõãóÇãóÉó íóÞõæáõ: " áóÞóÏú ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÝõÊõæÍó Þóæúãñ ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÍöáúíóÉõ ÓõíõæÝöåöãõ ÇáÐøóåóÈó æóáóÇ ÇáúÝöÖøóÉó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÍöáúíóÊõåõãõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÈöíøó æóÇáúÂäõßó æóÇáúÍóÏöíÏó "
(3) ã: ÇáúÝóíúÁó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) Ó¡ È: ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 176 (ã)(7/492)
(ÃóÍóÏñ) (1) Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó (2) ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Úóáóíúåö (3) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ßöáúÊóÇ ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÊóíúäö ÈóÇØöáóÉñ: áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÒúåóÏó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÒúåóÏó ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö æóÇáÓøóÑóÇÑöíøö æóáöÃóåúáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ Íóßöíãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ßõáóíúÈò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöäøöí áóÃóÑúÈõØõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó Úóáóì ÈóØúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóÅöäøó ÕóÏóÞóÊöí Çáúíóæúãó áóÊóÈúáõÛõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ (4) .
æóåóÐóÇ - æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÖóÚöíÝðÇ - Ýóåõæó íõÞóÇÈöáõ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÃúßõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ÅöáøóÇ ÎõÈúÒó ÇáÔøóÚöíÑö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÞúáó áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó áóåõ.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ãóÇáñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íõÚúØöíåö æóÃóæúáóÇÏóåõ æóÃóåúáó ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúØöí ÓóÇÆöÑó ÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÚõãóÑõ íõÚúØöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóáóÇ Êóíúãò¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö¡ ãöËúáó ãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÞóÇÑöÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ (5) æóÍúÏóåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÓóÚóÉó ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú.
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(1) ÃóÍóÏñ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(2) ß: ÃóÒúåóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö
(3) ß: ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò¡ Õ 481
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóåóÐóÇ(7/493)
æóÚóáöíøñ áóåõ æóÞúÝñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ¡ Ýóåóáú íõæÞöÝõ ÇáúæõÞõæÝó ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãóÇáñ¿ æóÚõãóÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÝó äóÕöíÈóåõ ãöäú ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÚóÞóÇÑñ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÚóÞóÇÑñ ÈöÇáúíóäúÈõÚö (1) æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáËÇäí Ãä ÚáíÇ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ßÇä ÃÚÈÏ ÇáäÇÓ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÈóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö: íóÕõæãõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó¡ æóíóÞõæãõ Çááøóíúáó¡ æóãöäúåõ ÊóÚóáøóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÕóáóÇÉó Çááøóíúáö¡ æóäóæóÇÝöáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉö ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉö Úóäúåõ ÊóÓúÊóæúÚöÈõ ÇáúæóÞúÊó¡ æóßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Ýöí áóíúáöåö æóäóåóÇÑöåö (3) ÃóáúÝó ÑóßúÚóÉò¡ æóáóãú íõÎöáøó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö (4) Çááøóíúáö - ÍóÊøóì Ýöí áóíúáóÉö ÇáúåóÑöíÑö - æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ÍóÑúÈöåö æóåõæó íóÑúÞõÈõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÕúäóÚõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÒøóæóÇáö áöÃõÕóáøöíó¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ äõÞóÇÊöáõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö (5) . Ýóáóãú íóÛúÝõáú Úóäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö (6) Ýöí Ãóæøóáö æóÞúÊöåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúÚóÈö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö.
æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö (7) ãöäú ÌóÓóÏöåö íõÊúÑóßõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó
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(1) ã: ÈöÇáúÈóÞöíÚö
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 176 (ã) 177 (ã)
(3) ß: Ýöí äóåóÇÑöåö æóáóíúáóÊöåö
(4) ß: ÈöÕóáóÇÉö
(5) Ó¡ È: ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö
(6) ß: ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö
(7) ß: ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö(7/494)
Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóíóÈúÞóì ãõÊóæóÌøöåðÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÛóÇÝöáðÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÏúÑößò áöáúÂáóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÝúÚóáõ Èöåö.
æóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóÊóÕóÏøóÞó (1) æóåõæó ÑóÇßöÚñ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöíåö (2) ÞõÑúÂäðÇ íõÊúáóì¡ æóÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöÞõæÊöåö æóÞõæÊö ÚöíóÇáöåö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú (3) : {åóáú ÃóÊóì Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 1) ¡ æóÊóÕóÏøóÞó áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð (4) ¡ æóäóÇÌóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÞóÏøóãó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú äóÌúæóÇåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉð (5) ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúÊóÞó ÃóáúÝó ÚóÈúÏò ãöäú ßóÓúÈö íóÏöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íõÄóÌøöÑõ äóÝúÓóåõ æóíõäúÝöÞõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÈö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÈóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ æóãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ æóáóÇ (6) ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÕõæãõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó æóíóÞõæãõ Çááøóíúáó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «áóßöäøöí ÃóÕõæãõ æóÃõÝúØöÑõ¡ æóÃóÞõæãõ æóÃóäóÇãõ¡ æóÃóÊóÒóæøóÌõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó¡ Ýóãóäú ÑóÛöÈó Úóäú ÓõäøóÊöí ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøöí» ".
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(1) ß: ÝóÊóÕóÏøóÞó
(2) Ýöíåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß)
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÍóÊøóì ÃõäúÒöáó Ýöíåöãú ; ß: ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö æóÝöíåöãú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(4) ß: æóÌóåúÑðÇ
(5) ß: ÕóÏóÞóÇÊò
(6) È: áóÇ(7/495)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: " Ãóáóãú ÃõÎúÈóÑú Ãóäøóßó ÊóÞõæáõ: áóÃóÕõæãóäøó ÇáäøóåóÇÑó æóáóÃóÞõæãóäøó Çááøóíúáó ãóÇ ÚöÔúÊõ¿ " ÞóÇáó: Èóáóì. ÞóÇáó: " ÝóáóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò (1) : " «Ãóáóãú ÃõÎúÈóÑú Ãóäøóßó ÊóÕõæãõ ÇáÏøóåúÑó¡ æóÊóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ßõáøó áóíúáóÉò¿ " ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö¡ áóãú ÃõÑöÏú ÈöÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑó. ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøó ÍóÓúÈóßó Ãóäú ÊóÕõæãó ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóåúÑò ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò "¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäøöí ÃõØöíÞõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøó áöÒóæúÌößó Úóáóíúßó ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóáöÒóæúÑößó Úóáóíúßó ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóáöÌóÓóÏößó Úóáóíúßó ÍóÞøðÇ ".
ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÕõãú Õóæúãó ÏóÇæõÏó äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÈóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóÇäó íóÕõæãõ íóæúãðÇ æóíõÝúØöÑõ íóæúãðÇ¡ æóÇÞúÑóÃö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóåúÑò " ÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøöí ÃõØöíÞõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÇÞúÑóÃúåõ Ýöí ÚöÔúÑöíäó " Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: " Ýöí ÓóÈúÚò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú Úóáóì Ðóáößó» " æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö: Åöäøöí ÃõØöíÞõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Ðóáößó " (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÞóÇáó: ØóÑóÞóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóÇ ÊóÞõæãóÇäö ÝóÊõÕóáøöíóÇäö¿ " ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓõäóÇ ÈöíóÏö Çááøóåö: ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËóäóÇ ÈóÚóËóäóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: " Ýóæóáøóì æóåõæó íóÖúÑöÈõ ÝóÎöÐóåõ æóíóÞõæáõ: {æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÔóíúÁò ÌóÏóáðÇ} » (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö: 54) (3) ÝóåóÐóÇ
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(1) ã: æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö
(2) ÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóÊú ãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/39 \ 41 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÞøö ÇáúÌöÓúãö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Õóæúãö ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÞøö ÇáúÃóåúáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Õóæúãö íóæúãò æóÅöÝúØóÇÑö íóæúãò¡ ÈóÇÈõ Õóæúãö ÏóÇæõÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ) ; ãõÓúáöãò 2/812 818 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøöíóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú Õóæúãö ÇáÏøóåúÑö. . .) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 6534¡ 6477¡ 6761¡ 6762¡ 6766
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/85(7/496)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì äóæúãöåö Ýöí Çááøóíúáö (1) ãóÚó ÅöíÞóÇÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãõÌóÇÏóáóÊöåö ÍóÊøóì æóáøóì æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: {æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÔóíúÁò ÌóÏóáðÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö: 54) .
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " æóãöäúåõ ÊóÚóáøóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÕóáóÇÉó Çááøóíúáö æóäóæóÇÝöáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö ".
Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó: Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÊóÚóáøóãó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáøóãó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏö (2) ¡ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæãõæäó Çááøóíúáó æóíóÊóØóæøóÚõæäó ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÊöí ÝõÊöÍóÊú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ßóÇáÔøóÇãö æóãöÕúÑó æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö æóÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó¡ ãóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó ãöäúåõ¿ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ßóÇäõæÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäúåõ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÏøóÚóì Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö (3) ÇáúßõæÝóÉö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ (4) Ðóáößó ãöäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞúÏóãó Åöáóíúåöãú *¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú Ãóßúãóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóáöãóÇ (5) æóÏöíäðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏõæãö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ßóÇäõæÇ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ßóÇäõæÇ ßóÐóáößó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞúÏóãó Åöáóíúåöãõ * (6) ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈöÇááøóíúáö
(2) ã: ÇáäøóÇÏöÑö
(3) ä¡ Ó: Ðóáößó áóÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö. .¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ; ã: Ýöí Ãóåúáö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(4) ã: íóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó
(5) ã: æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊóÚóáøõãðÇ. .
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/497)
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉõ ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉõ Úóäúåõ ÊóÓúÊóæúÚöÈõ ÇáúæóÞúÊó ".
ÝóÚóÇãøóÊõåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ßóÇäó ÃóÌóáøó ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóáöíÞõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö æóÍóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó áöÔóíúÁò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åöíó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÏóÚóÇ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÈöåóÇ íóÏúÚõæ ÎöíóÇÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö ÃóáúÝó ÑóßúÚóÉò ".
ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ãóÌúãõæÚõ ÕóáóÇÊöåö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÑóßúÚóÉð: ÝóÑúÖðÇ æóäóÝúáðÇ¡ æóÇáÒøóãóÇäõ áóÇ íóÊøóÓöÚõ áöÃóáúÝö ÑóßúÚóÉò áöãóäú æóáöíó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÚó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóåúáöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÕóáóÇÊõåõ äóÞúÑðÇ ßóäóÞúÑö ÇáúÛõÑóÇÈö¡ æóåöíó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÇáøóÊöí äóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ áóíóÇáöí ÕöÝøöíäó¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøößúÑó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÝóÇØöãóÉó: ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõåõ ãõäúÐõ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Þöíáó: æóáóÇ áóíúáóÉó (1) ÕöÝøöíäó¿ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ áóíúáóÉó ÕöÝøöíäó¡ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöÍúÑö ÝóÞõáúÊõåõ (2) .
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(2) Ó: ÝóÞõáúÊõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ãõØóæøóáðÇ æóãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 838¡ 1228¡ 1249 æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÚóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó åõæó ÊóÓúÈöíÍõ Çááøóåö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó æóÍóãúÏõ Çááøóåö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó æóÊóßúÈöíÑõåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÚöäúÏóãóÇ íóÃúæöíóÇäö Åöáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåöãóÇ. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÑóÞúãõ 6554(7/498)
ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíÏñ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ÌóãúÚöåö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóáóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ áóÔõÑøöÚó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõæÇ æóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóÊóÕóÏøóÞõæÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöÈøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð Èóáú ãóßúÑõæåðÇ.
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ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÑõæÌõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íõÚúÊöÞú ÃóáúÝó ÚóÈúÏò¡ Èóáú (2) æóáóÇ ãöÇÆóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ßóÓúÈñ ÈöíóÏöåö íóÞõæãõ ÈöÚõÔúÑö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú Êóßõäú áóåõ ÕöäóÇÚóÉñ íóÚúãóáõåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÔúÛõæáðÇ: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÌöåóÇÏò æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö.
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ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò æõáöÏó æóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÈö¡ æóãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãõÑóÇåöÞñ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáúãóÈúÚóËõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÈöËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóÞúÕóì ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ãóæúÊöåö: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäó ËóáóÇËò æóÓöÊøöíäó¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Íöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóÇäó áóåõ ÚóÔúÑõ Óöäöíäó.
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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóãúäóÚõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÚõáóãóÇÄõåõãú: Åöäøó ÃóÚúáóãó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóÏóáóÇÆöáõ
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÃóÓúÊóÍúáöÝõåõ
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú Úóáöíøò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/114 115 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò: ßõäúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. . . æóÝöíåö: æóÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóíóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÈúÏò íõÐúäöÈõ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóíõÍúÓöäõ ÇáØøóåõæÑó Ëõãøó íóÞõæãõ ÝóíõÕóáøöí. . . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/296 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÓõæÑóÉö Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó) ; Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/446 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/153 154¡ 178¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ. . . æóÞóÇáó: ÃóØóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ÇáúÚóÓúÞóáóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö 1: 267 268. . . æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÌóíøöÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö " æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö 2/1 \ 55 "(7/501)
æóáóãú íõÍúÝóÙú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝõÊúíóÇ ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ äóÕøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó áöÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÝóÊóÇæóì ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÌóãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãõÌóáøóÏðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÌóãóÚó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö Þóæúáõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò¡ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÚóÔóÑóÉó æõÌõæåò ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö Þóæúáöåö (1) ¡ æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö: äóÍúæõ ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó (2) äõÞöáó Úóäúåõãú ÎöáóÇÝõåõ: ßóÒóíúÏò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇÖúØóÑóÈóÊú ÃóÞúæóÇáõåõãõ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈðÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ïõæäó Þóæúáöåöãú.
æóÞóÏú äóÞóáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãóäúÕõæÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÊóÞúæöíãö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö " ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö: Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÝúÊöí æóíóÃúãõÑõ æóíóäúåóì æóíóÎúØõÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åõæó æóÅöíøóÇåõ - íóÏúÚõæ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑóÇ¡ æóíóæúãó Íõäóíúäò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÔóÇåöÏö¡ æóåõæó ÓóÇßöÊñ íõÞöÑøõåõ¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉõ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ãõÔóÇæóÑóÊöåö áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö íõÞóÏøöãõ Ýöí ÇáÔøõæÑóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóåõãóÇ ÇááøóÐóÇäö íóÊóßóáøóãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóíóÊóÞóÏøóãóÇäö
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÏøõÑøöíøóÉö " Õ 59 ãöäú ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíóÉó: " æóáóåõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó íõÓúÞöØõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó "
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÇáøóÐöí(7/502)
ÈöÍóÖúÑóÊöåö Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ãöËúáó ãõÔóÇæóÑóÊöåö Ýöí ÃõÓóÇÑóì ÈóÏúÑò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó (1) : " ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞúÊõãóÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò áóãú ÃõÎóÇáöÝúßõãóÇ (2) ".
æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí: ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» " (3) .
æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú åóÐóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö» " (4) .
ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓõäøóÉö (5) ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÎóÕøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö¡ æóãóÑúÊóÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóÝöíãóÇ Óóäøóåõ (6) áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóæúÞó ãóÑúÊóÈóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚö ÝöíãóÇ Óóäøóåõ ÝóÞóØú.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò «Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑöåö» ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: " «Åöäú íõØöÚö ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó íóÑúÔõÏõæÇ» ". (7)
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝúÊöí ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÝóÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó æóáóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò åõæó ÍóÈúÑõ (8) ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ æóåõæó íõÝúÊöí ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ãõÞóÏøöãðÇ áóåõãóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÝóÞøöåúåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÚóáøöãúåõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó» " (9) .
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(1) Ó:. . . Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: È: Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/129
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/489
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/164
(5) Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÓõäøóÉö
(6) ã: íóÓõäøõåõ
(7) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/129
(8) ä¡ ã: ÎóíúÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(9) ÌóÇÁó ÇáÔøóØúÑõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/41 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóÖúÚö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóáóÇÁö) ; ãõÓúáöãò 4/1927 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. . . .) æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÇãöáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/127 (ÑóÞúãõ 2397) æóÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ (ÑóÞúãõ 2422) Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ßóÇãöáðÇ (ÑóÞúãõ 2881¡ 3033¡ 3102)(7/503)
æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúãõÑõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÚóÇãøóÉó Çááøóíúáö íõÍóÏøöËõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö æóãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó (1) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóáúÞóãóÉõ (2) ¡ «Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúãõÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö (3) ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóäóÇ ãóÚóåõ» (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÕøõÝøóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ äóÇÓðÇ ÝõÞóÑóÇÁó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð: " «ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ØóÚóÇãõ ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóáúíóÐúåóÈú ÈöËóÇáöËò¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ØóÚóÇãõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò ÝóáúíóÐúåóÈú ÈöÎóÇãöÓò æóÓóÇÏöÓò¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÌóÇÁó ÈöËóáóÇËóÉò¡ æóÇäúØóáóÞó äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÚóÔóÑóÉò¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÊóÚóÔøóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó áóÈöËó ÍóÊøóì ÕõáøöíóÊö ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁõ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó ÝóáóÈöËó ÍóÊøóì äóÚóÓó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóäóÇ (5) ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäó Çááøóíúáö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó. ÞóÇáóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ: ãóÇ
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(1) Ýöí " ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö " 2/280¡ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö ÇáúÃóÝúÛóÇäöíøö¡ Ø. ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ Ø. ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÈõãúÈóì¡ ÇáúåöäúÏö¡ 1399¡ 1979
(2) ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó
(3) Ó¡ È: íõÓúãöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò
(4) ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÓúãöÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇááøóíúáóÉó ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóäóÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÓóãóÑó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÐóÇÊó áóíúáóÉò æóÃóäóÇ ãóÚóåõ
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÌóÇÁó(7/504)
ÍóÈóÓóßó Úóäú ÃóÖúíóÇÝößó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóæóãóÇ ÚóÔøóíúÊóåõãú (1) ¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÈóæúÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÌöíÁó: ÚóÑóÖõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÚóÔóÇÁó ÝóÛóáóÈõæåõãú» ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (2) .
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÞóÇáó: " «ßóÇäó ÃóÈöí íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÝóÑö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö áóãú íóÕúÍóÈú ÛóíúÑó ÃóÈöí (3) ¡ æóíóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò áóãú íóÈúÞó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑöíÔö ÛóíúÑõåõ» " (4) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóáóíúäóÇ (5) Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ» ".
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: " «ßõäúÊõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóãóÇ æóÝöí (È) : ÃóæóãóÇ ÚóÔøóíúÊöíåöãú. æóÇáÊøóÕúæöíÈõ ãöäú " ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò "
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/134 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóãóÑö ãóÚó ÇáÖøóíúÝö æóÇáúÃóåúáö) \ 4/194 195 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö) ¡ 8/33 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáÖøóíúÝö áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö: áóÇ Âßõáõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÃúßõáó) ; ãõÓúáöãò 3/1628 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅößúÑóÇãö ÇáÖøóíúÝö æóÝóÖúáö ÅöíËóÇÑöåö) ; Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/308 309 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöíãóäú ÍóáóÝó Úóáóì ØóÚóÇãò áóÇ íóÃúßõáõåõ) ; ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 3/159 161 (ÑóÞúãõ 1712) æóÇäúÙõÑú ÑóÞúãó 1702¡ 1704¡ 1713
(3) ä¡ ã: ÛóíúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò
(4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ãóÚó ãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊöí áöáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ßõáøöåóÇ. æóÝöí ãõÓúáöãò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóÞúãö 177 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅößúÑóÇãö ÇáÖøóíúÝö) ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: " äóÒóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÃóÖúíóÇÝñ. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÃóÈöí íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö. .
(5) Ó¡ È: Úóáóíøó
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512 513(7/505)
ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐú ÃóÞúÈóáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÂÎöÐðÇ ÈöØóÑóÝö ËóæúÈöåö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÈúÏóì ãöäú ÑõßúÈóÊóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÇãóÑó ÝóÓóáöãó» ".
æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÃóÓúÑóÚúÊõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó äóÏöãúÊõ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú íóÛúÝöÑó áöí¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíøó¡ æóÅöäøöí ÃóÊóíúÊõßó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò " ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó äóÏöãó¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ãóäúÒöáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏúåõ¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó æóÌúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÊóãóÚøóÑõ¡ æóÛóÖöÈó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÝóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóÙúáóãó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÈóÚóËóäöí Åöáóíúßõãú ÝóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÐóÈúÊó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÕóÏóÞúÊó (1) ¡ æóæóÇÓóÇäöí ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóãóÇáöåö¡ Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÇÑößõæ áöí ÕóÇÍöÈöí¿ Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÇÑößõæ áöí ÕóÇÍöÈöí¿ " ÝóãóÇ ÃõæÐöíó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ» . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÓóÈóÞó ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö (2) .
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò áóãú íóÓúÃóáú ÅöáøóÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó (3) ; áöÚöáúãöåö æóÚöáúãö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö åõãú ÑõÁõæÓõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÃóäøó ÞöíóÇãóåõ Èöåöãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáó ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ãóÇáößó Èúäó ÃóäóÓò Úóäú ãóäúÒöáóÊöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóäúÒöáóÊõåõãóÇ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ßóãóäúÒöáóÊöåöãóÇ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ãóãóÇÊöåö ".
ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÔóÝóíúÊóäöí íóÇ ãóÇáößõ ÔóÝóíúÊóäöí íóÇ ãóÇáößõ ".
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÕóÏóÞó
(2) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ¡ (Õ 26) Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ãõØóæøóáðÇ¡ (Õ 164 165) æóÊóßóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ ãóßóÇäóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/523(7/506)
æóßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö æóÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö¡ ãóÚó ßóãóÇáö ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö æóÇáöÇÆúÊöáóÇÝö (1) æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ Èóíøöäñ áöãóäú áóåõ ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÞóæúãö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÚó ÞöíóÇãöåö ÈöÃõãõæÑò ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö ÚóÌóÒó ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÈóíøóäóåóÇ áóåõãú (2) ¡ áóãú íõÍúÝóÙú áóåõ Þóæúáñ íõÎóÇáöÝõ Ýöíåö äóÕøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÝóÍõÝöÙóÊú áóåõ ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÎóÇáóÝóÊö ÇáäøõÕõæÕó áößóæúäö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö áóãú ÊóÈúáõÛúåõ.
æóÇáøóÐöí æõÌöÏó áöÚõãóÑó ãöäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö (3) ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ íóÚúÑöÝõ åóÐóÇ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó¡ æóãóÑóÇÊöÈóåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöËúáõ ÚöÏøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó ÝöíåóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí æóÇÝóÞó ÇáäøóÕøó Ïõæäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö: Þóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö ÝöíåóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÎóíøóÑóåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÝóæøóÖóÉõ áöáúãóåúÑö¡ æóãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóáöíøóÉö (4) ¡ æóÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÆöäö¡ æóÇáúÈóÊøóÉö (5) ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ» " (6) ..
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ßóÃóäøöí ÃõÊöíÊõ
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(2) Ó¡ È: ÚóÌóÒó ÚóäúåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÍóÊøóì ÈóíøóäóåóÇ áóåõ
(3) Ó¡ È: ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö
(4) ã: ÇáúÍóáöíáóÉö
(5) Ó: æóÇáúÈóÊóÊóå
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/20(7/507)
ÈöÞóÏóÍö áóÈóäò ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøöí áóÃóÑóì ÇáÑøöíøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÙóÇÝöÑöí¡ Ëõãøó äóÇæóáúÊõ ÝóÖúáöí ÚõãóÑó "¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÚöáúãó» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Úóäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú áóãú ÃõÈúÚóËú Ýöíßõãú áóÈõÚöËó Ýöíßõãú ÚõãóÑõ» " æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö: " «áóæú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏöí äóÈöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑó» " ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ " (2) .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÚóãõæÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÚóáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÍõÌøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóäóÇÏóì: " «Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍõÌøó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ» ".
«æóÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãöíÑñ Ãóãú ãóÃúãõæÑñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóáú ãóÃúãõæÑñ» (3) ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú (4) ÃóãøóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íóÓúãóÚó æóíõØöíÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó ÇáøóÊöí ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
æóßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö ÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ (5) ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Úóãöáó Èöåö ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãóÇ åõæó ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ ãóäúÓõæÎñ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓöÎóÉö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãóäóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (6) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/21 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/68
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 335
(4) ã: Ýöíãóäú
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(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/100 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóæúÎóÉö æóÇáúãóãóÑøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö) æóÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóíøóÑó ÚóÈúÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ". ÝóÈóßóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí: ãóÇ íõÈúßöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎó Åöäú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ ÎóíøóÑó ÚóÈúÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åõæó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãóäóÇ. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóåõæó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 1/512 513(7/508)
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Èóáú ßóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ åõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöíåöãú ÍóÞøðÇ¡ íõÚóáøöãõåõãú¡ æóíõÞóæøöãõåõãú¡ æóíõÔóÌøöÚõåõãú¡ æóíõÈóíøöäõ áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ãóÇ ÊóÒõæáõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó.
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æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõæäó ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøóåõãú ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó íõÝúÊöí Èöåö æóíóÞúÖöí¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡(7/509)
æóÞóÇãó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó Ýóáóãú íõÎöáøó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ Èóáú ÃóÏúÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÐöáöíäó Ýóßóãõáó Èöåö ãöäú Úöáúãöåöãú æóÏöíäöåöãú ãóÇ áóÇ íõÞóÇæöãõåõ Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ.
æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÞóØóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáõ ÇááøóÝúÙöíøõ ÈöãóæúÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ: ÙóåóÑó ÓöÑøõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÐú íóÞõæáõ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö áóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäú Åöäøó Çááøóåó ãóÚóäóÇ} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 40) Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÞóØóÚó åóÐóÇ ÈöãóæúÊöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝöÚóáöíøñ ÊóÚóáøóãó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãú íóÊóÚóáøóãú ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÕóÍöÈõæÇ ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ßóÚóáúÞóãóÉó æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÔõÑóíúÍò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÇÈöÚõæ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóÙúåóÑõ æóÃóÔúåóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íõÐúßóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó (1) Úöáúãõ Úóáöíøò æóÝöÞúåõåõ Ýöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãõÞóÇãöåö ÝöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãõÏøóÉó ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöíäó ÕóÍöÈõæåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏøóãóåõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó áóÇ Ýöí ÝöÞúåò æóáóÇ Úöáúãò æóáóÇ Ïöíäò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÔöíÚóÊöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó íõäúßöÑõ Úóáóíúåö æóíóÐõãøõåõ¡ ãóÚó ÞöáøóÊöåöãú æóÍóÞóÇÑóÊöåöãú æóÎõãõæáöåöãú.
æóåõãú ËóáóÇËõ ØóæóÇÆöÝó: ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÛóáóÊú Ýöíåö¡ æóÇÏøóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÍóÑøóÞóåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö.
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æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ßóÇäóÊú ÊõÝóÖøöáõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÈúáõÛõäöí Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÖøóáóäöí (1) Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÌóáóÏúÊõåõ ÌóáúÏó ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí (2) .
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãöäú äóÍúæö ËóãóÇäöíäó æóÌúåðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Úóáóì ãöäúÈóÑö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö: " ÎóíúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ " (3) .
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÑöÌóÇáö åóãúÏóÇäó ÎóÇÕøóÊõåõ ÇáøóÊöí (4) íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåöãú:
æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ÈóæøóÇÈðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÌóäøóÉò áóÞõáúÊõ áöåóãúÏóÇäó ÇÏúÎõáöí ÈöÓóáóÇãö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ãóäú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ãóäú¿ ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó (5) ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÈõæßó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (6) .
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(2) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " 1/83 (ÑóÞúãõ 49) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " áóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõäöí. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ "
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/11 \ 12¡ 2/72
(4) ã: ÎóÇÕøóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó
(5) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/12¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎóíúÑñ.
(7) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 5/7 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ. .)
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ(7/511)
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÇãöÚõ Èúäõ ÔóÏøóÇÏò (1) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ íõÚúáóì ãõäúÐöÑñ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ (2) ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ãóäú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö (3) ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (4) ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó¡ ÃóæóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ (5) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (6) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÞõáúÊõ: Ëõãøó ãóäú¿ ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ " (7) .
æóåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ áöÇÈúäöåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÊøóÞöíåö¡ æóáöÎóÇÕøóÊöåö¡ æóíóÊóÞóÏøóãõ ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉö ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáõåõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóíóÑóÇåõ ãõÝúÊóÑöíðÇ. æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖöÚõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉö ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáõåõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ (8) ¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøöíåö ãõÝúÊóÑöíðÇ.
æóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ æóÑóÃúÓõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åóáú íóÓúÊóæöí ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúáóãõæäó æóÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} (ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 9) ¡ æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ßóËöíÑñ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (9) : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÃóÞúÖóÇßõãú Úóáöíøñ» ¡ æóÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáÏøöíäó ".
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(2) ãõäúÐöÑñ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö "
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö. . . áöÃóÈöí: Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎóíúÑñ. . .
(4) áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö
(5) áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó
(7) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö. æóåõæó Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/288 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö) ; ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/153 154 (ÑóÞúãõ 136) æóÝöíåöãóÇ: ÌóÇãöÚõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÑóÇÔöÏò¡ æóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõãóÇ ãõæóÇÝöÞóÉñ áöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ
(8) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " íõÝóÖøöáõåõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ": ÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ " ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(9) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã) æóåõæó ÊóÇÈöÚñ áößóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö(7/512)
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ (1) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÃóÚúáóãõßõãú ÈöÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò» " (2) .
ÃóÞúæóì ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ãöäúåõ. æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö íóäúÊóÙöãõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó (3) ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóÇ íóäúÊóÙöãõ áöáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí (4) ÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö¡ áóÇ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò æóáóÇ ÖóÚöíÝò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑúæóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóäú (5) åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö.
æóÞóæúáõ (6) ÚõãóÑó: " Úóáöíøñ ÃóÞúÖóÇäóÇ " ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó (Ýöí) (7) ÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ ãóÚó ÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/330 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÃõãøóÊöí ÈöÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóÔóÏøõåõãú Ýöí ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÃóÕúÏóÞõåõãú ÍóíóÇÁð ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò¡ æóÃóÝúÑóÖõåõãú ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÄõåõãú ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò¡ æóáößõáøö ÃõãøóÉò Ãóãöíäñ¡ æóÃóãöíäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäõ ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö " ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. . . ÅöáóÎú ". æóåõæó Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/184¡ 281 ; Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/55 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÎóÈøóÇÈò) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö æóÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " æóÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 1/308¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Ýöí " ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö " 3/223 225 (ÑóÞúãõ 1224)
(3) È: áöáúÞóÖóÇÁö
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(5) Ó¡ È: ãóÇ
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÞóÇáó
(7) Ýöí ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È)(7/513)
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ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö Ãóäøó ÞóÖóÇÁóåõ áóÇ íõÍöáøõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãó. æóÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó æóÇáúÈóÇØöäó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚúáóãõ Èöåö ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÇáÏøöíäö.
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ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈõ åõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝúÊóÇåõãóÇ ãóäú íóÑúÖöíóÇäö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ßóÝóÇåõãóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÊóÇÌóÇ Åöáóì ãóäú íóÍúßõãõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌóÇäö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÌóÇÍõÏö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚó ÇáúÝõÌõæÑö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãóÚó ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö.
ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ Þóáöíáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑö ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóáóÇáõ æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÈóÑøõ æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚõãóÑó Ãóäú íóÞúÖöíó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóßóËó (2) ÓóäóÉð áóãú íóÊóÍóÇßóãú Åöáóíúåö ÇËúäóÇäö.
æóáóæú ÚõÏøó ãóÌúãõæÚõ ãóÇ ÞóÖóì Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö áóãú íóÈúáõÛú ÚóÔúÑó ÍõßõæãóÇÊò¡ ÝóÃóíúäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÞöæóÇãõ Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¿
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/412
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÝóãóßóËó(7/514)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ (1) : " «ÃóÚúáóãõ ÃõãøóÊöí ÈöÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò» " ÃóÕóÍøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ æóÃóÙúåóÑó (2) ÏóáóÇáóÉð¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ (3) ãöäú ãóÚóÇÐò ÌóÇåöáñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÇááøóÐóíúäö åõãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ (4) ãöäú ãõÚóÇÐò¿ ! ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ãõÚóÇÐò æóÒóíúÏò ÈóÚúÖõåõãú íõÖóÚøöÝõåõ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íõÍóÓøöäõåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ Úóáöíøò ÝóÖóÚöíÝñ Ãóæú ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóÍóÏöíËõ: " «ÃóäóÇ ãóÏöíäóÉõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÚóáöíøñ ÈóÇÈõåóÇ» ÃóÖúÚóÝõ æóÃóæúåóì "¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚóÏøõ Ýöí (5) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ æóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó ØõÑõÞöåö ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäú äóÝúÓö ãóÊúäöåö (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÏöíäóÉó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÇÈñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóáóãú íõÈóáøöÛú Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóÓóÏó ÃóãúÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇÍöÏðÇ (7) ¡ Èóáú íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛõæäó Ãóåúáó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú áöáúÛóÇÆöÈö.
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(1) ä¡ Ó: æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Þóæúáóåõ ; ã: æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó. .
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÃóÚúÙóãó
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(4) Ó¡ È: ÃóÚúÙóãõ
(5) ã: ãöäó
(6) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóì ØõÑõÞöåö æóÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö æóÈóíøóäó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ 1/349 355 ; æóÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøó Ýöí ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö 1/328 336¡ ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøó Ýöí " ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö " Õ 348 349 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö¡ åóÇãöÔó Õ 389 353. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 2/13: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ 5/301 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ 87 ãóäóÇÞöÈö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãõäúßóÑñ. Ñóæóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÔóÑöíßò¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ Ýöíåö Úóäö ÇáÕøõäóÇÈöÍöíøö¡ æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÛóíúÑó ÔóÑöíßò. æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò "
(7) Ó: Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇÍöÏñ ; ä¡ ã: Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È)(7/515)
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Þöíáó áóåõãú: ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÚöÕúãóÊöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÚöÕúãóÊõåõ áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÎóÈóÑöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó (3) ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ (4) ÏóæúÑñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ (5) ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÍõÌøóÉð ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó¡ ÝóíóÚõæÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÚöÕúãóÊöåö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÏóÚúæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÚöÕúãóÊóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞøðÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÊõÚúáóãó ÈöØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó ÛóíúÑö ÎóÈóÑöåö.
Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú áöãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈóÇÈñ ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóÇ ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóÇåõ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ ÌóÇåöáñ Ùóäøóåõ ãóÏúÍðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóØúÑóÞõ (6) ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöÐú áóãú íõÈóáøöÛúåõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãöíÚó ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈóáóÛóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó ÝóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøóÇãõ æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÑúæõæäó Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÅöáøóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöÈõ Úöáúãöåö Ýöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò.
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È)
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È)
(3) Ó: íõÚúÑóÝó ; È: ÊõÚúÑóÝó
(4) Ó¡ È: áöÃóäøóåõ
(5) ä¡ Ó: íóËúÈõÊõ
(6) È: íóØúÑõÞõ(7/516)
æóÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÊóÚúáöíãõ ãõÚóÇÐò áöÃóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö æóãõÞóÇãõåõ Ýöíåöãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Ñóæóì Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÔõÑóíúÍñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÝóÞøóåõæÇ Úóáóì ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúßõæÝóÉó ßóÇäó ÔõÑóíúÍñ ÝöíåóÇ ÞóÇÖöíðÇ¡ æóåõæó æóÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ ÊóÝóÞøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÔóÑó Úöáúãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞúÏóãó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúßõæÝóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò (1) : " æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÚöáúãðÇ " ÞóÇáó: " æóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Úöáúãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÈöÃóÍóÏö æóÌúåóíúäö áóÇ ËóÇáöËó áóåõãóÇ: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ßóËúÑóÉõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö æóÝóÊóÇæöíåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóåõ¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇáö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóäú áóÇ Úöáúãó áóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÔóåóÇÏóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÓóÚóÊöåö¡ ÝóäóÙóÑúäóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú æóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÊöåö Øõæáó ÚöáøóÊöåö¡ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÍõÖõæÑñ ßóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚóáöíøò (2) ¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃõÈóíøò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (3) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóÒóÇ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö (4) æóÐóæöí ÇáúÃóÚúÐóÇÑö ÝóÞóØú¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÖóÑõæÑóÉõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÔóÑóÇÆöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÚúáóãó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÚóãõæÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (5) ¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÖóÑõæÑóÉõ
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(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ßóÚóáöíøò æóÚõãóÑó. .
(3) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóÂËóÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚöåöãú
(4) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö áóãú íõÓúÊóÎúáóÝú ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö
(5) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÇáÏøöíäö(7/517)
Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö ßóÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóÇ ÃóÞóáøó æóÑõÈøóãóÇ (ßóÇäó) (1) ÃóßúËóÑó¡ ÅöÐú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ Ñõßúäñ ãöäú ÃóÑúßóÇäö ÇáÏøöíäö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
æóÈõÑúåóÇäõ ãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö Úöáúãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉó Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÃóÕóÍøõåóÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö æóáóÇ (2) íóÌõæÒõ ÎöáóÇÝõåõ Ýóåõæó ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó (3) ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú (4) ØóÑöíÞö Úóáöíøò ÝóãõÖúØóÑöÈñ¡ æóÝöíåö ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÑóßóåõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ÌõãúáóÉð¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÎóãúÓðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíóÇåö (5) .
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Ëõãøó æóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈõÚõæËö ÝóÕóÍøó Ãóäøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÇáúÈõÚõæËö¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ßóÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÈõÚõæËö áóÇ ÃóÞóáøó (6) .
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(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóáóÇ
(3) Ëõãøó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúÝöÕóáö "
(4) È (ÝóÞóØú) : æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú. .
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÎóãúÓñ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíóÇåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÝöí " ÇáúÝöÕóáö ": ÎóãúÓõ ÔöíóÇåò
(6) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: áóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó æóáóÇ ÃóÞóáøó
(7) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; ÇáúÝöÕóáö 4/213: Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö(7/518)
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(3) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÈóÞöíøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö
(4) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóáóãú íóÑöÏú
(5) È: æóßóËúÑóÉö(7/519)
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æóÈõÑúåóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÚõãøöÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÚõãúÑðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ Þóáøó ÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóäú ØóÇáó ÚõãúÑõåõ ãöäúåõãú ßóËõÑó ÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäúåõ (ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúíóÓöíÑó) (2) ãöãøóäö ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöäöíóÇÈóÉö (3) ÛóíúÑöåö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÇÔó Úóáöíøñ ÈóÚúÏó ÚõãóÑó ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÚóÇãðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÃóÔúåõÑò (4) ¡ æóãõÓúäóÏõ ÚõãóÑó ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÍóÏöíËò æóÓóÈúÚóÉñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ íóÕöÍøõ ãöäúåóÇ äóÍúæõ ÎóãúÓöíäó¡ ßóÇáøóÐöí Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÓóæóÇÁñ (5) ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÒóÇÏó ÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó ÊöÓúÚóÉñ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó (6) ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö (7) ¡ æóáóãú íóÒöÏú Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ Ãóæú ÍóÏöíËóÇäö.
æóÝóÊóÇæóì ÚõãóÑó ãõæóÇÒöíóÉñ áöÝóÊóÇæóì Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÓóÈúäóÇ ãõÏøóÉð ãöäú ãõÏøóÉò¡ æóÖóÑúÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ãöäú ÖóÑúÈò ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÃóÖóÝúäóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ Åöáóì ÍóÏöíËò¡
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(3) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÈöÈóíóÇäöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäúåõ. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó " ÇáúÝöÕóáö "
(4) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÛóíúÑó ÔóåúÑò
(5) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÓóæóÇÁñ ÈöÓóæóÇÁò
(6) ä¡ Ó: ÈöÓóÈúÚóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ; ã¡ ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÊöÓúÚóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó
(7) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ÇáØøóæöíáóÉö(7/520)
æóÝóÊóÇæóì Åöáóì ÝóÊóÇæóì Úóáöãó (ßõáøõ) Ðöí ÍöÓøò (1) ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÚõãóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ãõÓúäóÏó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó (2) ÃóáúÝóíú ãõÓúäóÏò æóãöÇÆóÊóíú ãõÓúäóÏò æóÚóÔóÑóÉó ãóÓóÇäöíÏó (3) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÎóãúÓóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ãõÓúäóÏò æóËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉö ãõÓúäóÏò æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ãõÓúäóÏðÇ¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ãõÓúäóÏó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóäóÓò ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ãóÓúäóÏö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ãõÓúäóÏó ÌóÇÈöÑò æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò áößõáøò æóÇÍöÏò (4) ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóÒúíóÏõ (5) ãöäú ÃóáúÝò æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ áöÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ËóãóÇäöãöÇÆóÉö ãõÓúäóÏò æóäóíøöÝðÇ¡ æóáößõáøö ãóäú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÍóÇÔóÇ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÃóäóÓò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÝóÊóÇæóì Úóáöíøò Ãóæú äóÍúæóåóÇ (6) ¡ ÝóÈóØóáó Þóæúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÇåöáö (7) ".
Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó (8) : " ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó [ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÎúãóÇÓö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: äóÚóãú¡ áóßöäøó ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöÃóÞúÖöíóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó] (9) ÃóÞúæóì Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÃóËúÈóÊõ ãöãøóÇ ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò æóåõæó ÈöÇáúíóãóäö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
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(1) Ó¡ È: Úóáöãó Ðóáößó ÐóÇ ÍõÓúäò¡ ä¡ ã: Úóáöãó Ðóáößó Ðöí ÍõÓúäò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó " ÇáúÝöÕóáö " 4/213
(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò: Ëõãøó æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßõáøóãóÇ ØóÇáó ßóËõÑóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÍóÏöíËó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó
(3) È: ãóÓóÇäöÏó
(4) æóÇÍöÏò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(5) ã: ÃóßúËóÑõ
(6) Ó¡ È: æóäóÍúæóåóÇ
(7) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: ÝóÈóØóáó åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÞóÇÍö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö
(8) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÈöÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò¡ æóßóáóÇãõåõ Ýöí 4/214
(9) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ¡ " ÇáúÝöÕóáö " æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È)(7/521)
ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÈõÚõæËò ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÃóÎúãóÇÓõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÇæóì Úöáúãõåõ Úöáúãó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÍõßúãöåóÇ ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ íõÝúÊöíóÇäö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó¡ æóãõÍóÇáñ Ãóäú íõÈöíÍó áóåõãóÇ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ (1) ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö ãóÚó Úóáöíøò ãõÚóÇÐðÇ æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó¡ ÝóáöÚóáöíøò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÔõÑóßóÇÁõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÇáúÃóÛúáóÈö ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ".
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÝöíåö äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ} (ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö: 12) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) ¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íõÑöÏú ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÂÐóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ÃõÐõäõ ÔóÎúÕò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøõ ÃõÐõäò æóÇÚöíóÉò (4) .
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(1) ÇáúÝöÕóáö: æóåõãú ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöãøóäú ÏõæäóåõãóÇ. .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã)
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÇÚöíóÉò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ(7/522)
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÐøóßóÇÁö (2) ¡ ÔóÏöíÏó ÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚóáøõãö¡ æóáóÇÒóãó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãõáóÇÒóãóÉð áóíúáðÇ (3) æóäóåóÇÑðÇ ãöäú ÕöÛóÑöåö Åöáóì æóÝóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãöäú Ãóíúäó Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÐúßóì ãöäú ÚõãóÑó æóãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¿ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÑúÛóÈó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäúåõãóÇ¿ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöÝóÇÏóÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõãóÇ¿
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ» " (4) ¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÏøóËõ: Çáúãõáúåóãõ íõáúåöãõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÑñ ÒóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì ÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ßóÃóäøöí ÃõÊöíÊõ ÈöáóÈóäò ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ãöäúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáÑøöíøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÙúÝóÇÑöí Ëõãøó äóÇæóáúÊõ ÝóÖúáöí ÚõãóÑó " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÚöáúãó» (5) ¡ æóáóãú íõÑúæó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áöÚóáöíøò.
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã)
(2) ß: æóáöÃóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÐøóßóÇÁö æóÇáúÝöØúäóÉö
(3) ß: ãõáóÇÒóãóÉð ÔóÏöíÏóÉð áóíúáðÇ
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/20
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/21(7/523)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÚúÑóÖõæäó Úóáóíøó æóÚóáóíúåöãú ÞõãõÕñ¡ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ ÇáËøóÏúíó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ (ãóÇ) Ïõæäó Ðóáößó (1) ¡ æóÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíøó ÚõãóÑõ æóÚóáóíúåö - ÞóãöíÕñ íóÌõÑøõåõ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáÏøöíäó» (2) .
ÝóåóÐóÇäö ÍóÏöíËóÇäö ÕóÍöíÍóÇäö íóÔúåóÏóÇäö áóåõ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóáóãú íõÑúæó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áöÚóáöíøò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚõãóÑõ: " Åöäøöí áóÃóÍúÓóÈõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÈöÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóÚúÔóÇÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÔóÇÑóßó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÇáúÚõÔúÑö ÇáúÈóÇÞöí " (3) .
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ãõáóÇÒöãðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóãöäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÈößóËöíÑò.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: " æõÖöÚó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáóì ÓóÑöíÑöåö¡ ÝóÊóßóäøóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÏúÚõæäó æóíõËúäõæäó æóíõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÑúÝóÚó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÑõÚúäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ÈöãóäúßöÈöí ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöí¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊøõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÊóÑóÍøóãó (Úóáöíøñ) (4) Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÎóáøóÝúÊó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíøó Ãóäú ÃóáúÞóì Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöãöËúáö Úóãóáöåö ãöäúßó¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßõäúÊõ áóÃóÙõäøõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóßó Çááøóåõ ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøöí ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóÓúãóÚõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (5) Õóáøóì
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóãöäúåóÇ Ïõæäõ Ðóáößó
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/21¡ 65
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/59
(4) Úóáöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) (È)
(5) Ó¡ È: ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßó æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ(7/524)
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: ": «ÌöÆúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÏóÎóáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÎóÑóÌúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ» "¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõäúÊõ áóÃóÙõäøõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóßó Çááøóåõ ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúßó (1) .
æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íõÓóãøöÑóÇäö Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÇááøóíúáö.
æóÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ æóÚóáöíøñ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö íóßõæäõ ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó ÃóÑúÌóÍó¡ ßóãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ¡ æóãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÚõãóÑó æóÒóíúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò.
æóßóÇäó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÚõãóÑõ íõÔóÇæöÑõ Ýöíåö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåõ.
¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÞóÇÖöíåö ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ: " ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö ".
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: " ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÊóÍó áóäóÇ ÈóÇÈðÇ ÏóÎóáúäóÇåõ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÓóåúáðÇ¡ ÃõÊöíó Ýöí ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö æóÇãúÑóÃóÉò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áöáúÃõãøö ËõáõËõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöí¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÒóíúÏðÇ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ ".
æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúáóãö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãúÏóÉõ ÝöÞúåöåö ÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó íóÓúÃóáõåõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Úóäö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 390 391(7/525)
ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏöí äóÈöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ» ". ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ " (1) .
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ ßóÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ æóÔõÑóíúÍò¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóÚóÈöíÏóÉó ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøö¡ æóãóÓúÑõæÞò¡ æóÒöÑøö Èúäö ÍõÈóíúÔò¡ æóÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú åóÄõáóÇÁö (2) ßóÇäõæÇ íõÝóÖøöáõæäó Úöáúãó ÚõãóÑó æóÚöáúãó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Úóáóì Úöáúãö Úóáöíøò¡ æóíóÞúÕöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ïõæäó Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò (3) .
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúÚöáúãõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÛóÑö ßóÇáäøóÞúÔö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌóÑö» ¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ Úõáõæãõåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Úõáõæãö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÞóÇÈöáö ÇáúßóÇãöáö (5) ¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ÇáÊøóÇãøö (6) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú (ÚóÏóãö) (7) Úöáúãö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãóËóáñ ÓóÇÆöÑñ áóíúÓó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÃóíøóÏóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáÓøõäóäó¡ æóíóÓøóÑó Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/68
(2) ä¡ ã: æóåóÄõáóÇÁö
(3) Ó¡ È: Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã)
(5) Ó: Çáúßõáøö ; È: Çáúßõáøöíøö
(6) ß: ÇáÊøóãóÇãö
(7) ÚóÏóãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)(7/526)
Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áóãú íóßúãõáú ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó áöÚóáöíøò äóÍúæñ ãöäú ËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÝöÙó ÃóßúËóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ßöÈóÑöåö áóÇ Ýöí ÕöÛóÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöåö áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö.
æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÚóËö Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó (1) ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÚöíÓóì Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÊóÚúáöíãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÎõÕøõ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇÓúÊöÚúÏóÇÏö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÍóÝöÙó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ËóáóÇËö Óöäöíäó æóÈóÚúÖö ÃõÎúÑóì ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÝóÙúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Èöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (2) : " Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏõæÇ ÇáúÚõáõæãó (3) ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö - ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÏóÇÑóåõ - ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ¡ æóÇáúÝöÞúåó¡ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó ãöäó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞúÏóãó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúßõæÝóÉó.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö (4) ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ßóÇäó (5) ÞóÏú ÍóÝöÙó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞúÏóãó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúßõæÝóÉó¡ æóåõæó
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã) ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÇÈöÚñ áößóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö
(3) ß: æóãöäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúÚöáúãó
(4) ÇáúÃóÑúÌóÍõ Ãóäøóåõ: ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò (ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö 6/172) : " Ñóæóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÚõËúãóÇäó ". æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö (ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 5/183 184) : " Ñóæóì Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóÓóÚúÏò æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò: ÊõæõÝøöíó Òóãóäó ÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ æóÞöíáó: ãóÇÊó 72¡ æóÞöíáó: ÓóÈúÚöíäó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÞóÇäöÚò: ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ 90. . . æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò
(5) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) . (È)(7/527)
æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö: ãöËúáõ ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö (1) ¡ æóÒöÑøö Èúäö ÍõÈóíúÔò¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáäøóÌõæÏö: ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÐúåóÈõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ßóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.
æóÔõÑóíúÍñ ÞóÇÖöíåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÝóÞøóåó Úóáóì ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÈöÇáúíóãóäö¡ æóßóÇäó íõäóÇÙöÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóáøöÏõåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÞóáøöÏõåõ¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó ÝóÚöáúãõåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ áóíúÓó ãóÃúÎõæÐðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑõ ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉõ: ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞóÇäö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇãõ¡ åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ Úõáõæãõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäöíøóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö.
æóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóäúåõ (2) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ßõáøö ãöÕúÑò ãóäú íõÚóáøöãõåõãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÇãö ãõÚóÇÐó Èúäó ÌóÈóáò æóÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäó ÇáúíóãóÇäö æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ.
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæõ Ýóåõæó æóÇÖöÚõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÇááøóíúËöíøö. æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÓõæóíúÏò ÇáÊøóíúãöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò (ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/143) : " Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò æóÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøö. . . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò: ÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö. ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÑøóÎóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó ÓóäóÉó ÅöÍúÏóì Ãóæö ÇËúäóíúäö æóÓóÈúÚöíäó. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ ãöäú ÚöáúíóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò " æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 6/176
(2) ã: ãöäúåõ
(3) Ýöí (ß) 178 (ã)(7/528)
ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö (1) : ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ßõáøõåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó: ÇÓúãñ¡ æóÝöÚúáñ¡ æóÍóÑúÝñ¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ (2) æõÌõæåó ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú Úõáõæãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Úöáúãñ ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØñ¡ æóåõæó æóÓöíáóÉñ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÞóæóÇäöíäö ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí äóÒóáó Èöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö áóÍúäñ (3) ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÍúÊóÌú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Óóßóäó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúßõæÝóÉó¡ æóÈöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇØõ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÇáÏøõÄóáöíøö: " ÇáúßóáóÇãõ: ÇÓúãñ¡ æóÝöÚúáñ¡ æóÍóÑúÝñ "¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ÇäúÍõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæó "¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó áöáúÎóØøö ÇáäøóÞúØó æóÇáÔøóßúáó¡ æóÚóáóÇãóÉó ÇáúãóÏøö æóÇáÔøóÏøö (4) ¡ æóäóÍúæóåõ áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈóÓóØó ÇáäøóÍúæó äõÍóÇÉõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó Úöáúãó ÇáúÚóÑõæÖö.
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " æóÝöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ íóÑúÌöÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö (6) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö - æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö (7) - ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÝöÞúåöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇáößñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Úöáúãóåõ Úóäú
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(1) ß: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÇáÏøõÄóáöíøõ
(2) ã: æóÚóáóíúåö
(3) Ó¡ È: äóÍúæóåõ
(4) ã: æóÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã)
(6) ß: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÞúåõ ÝóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ßõáøõåõãú íóÑúÌöÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö
(7) ã: ÇáúÝöÞúåö(7/529)
Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóÇ íóßóÇÏõæäó íóÃúÎõÐõæäó ÈöÞóæúáö Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÝöÞúåóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö Úóäú ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãú.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÊóÝóÞøóåó ÃóæøóáðÇ Úóáóì Çáúãóßøöíøöíäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ ßóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÓóÇáöãò ÇáúÞóÏøóÇÍö¡ æóãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáÒøóäúÌöíøö. æóÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎóÐó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡¡ ßóÚóØóÇÁò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó áóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó íõäúßöÑõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÃóÔúíóÇÁó.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó ÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ Ëõãøó ßóÊóÈó ßõÊõÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóÃóÎóÐó ãóÐóÇåöÈó (1) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó áöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÝóÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊõÕøó Èöåö ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏñ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ æóÚóáúÞóãóÉõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝóßóÇäó Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÃóÎóÐó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÈóÔöíÑò¡ æóåöÔóÇãñ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ æóæóßöíÚö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ¡ æóÌóÇáóÓó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó áöäóÝúÓöåö ÞóæúáðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò (2) æóäóÍúæõåõãú.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ãóÐúåóÈó
(2) ã: ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó(7/530)
æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ æóÇááøóíúËõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÝöÞúåöåöãóÇ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú¡ áóÇ Úóäö ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó.
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉõ ÝóÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úöáúãóåõãú Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö " (2) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõæóØøóÃõ ãóÇáößò áóíúÓó Ýöíåö Úóäúåõ æóáóÇ Úóäú (ÃóÍóÏö) (3) ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÅöáøóÇ Þóáöíáñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ýöíåö Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÊöÓúÚóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö ãóÇáößñ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö ãöäúåóÇ Þóáöíáñ Úóäú æóáóÏöåö¡ æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÝóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö (5) ".
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 178 (ã)
(2) ß: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úöáúãóåõãú ãöäúåõ æóãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãú ßóÐóáößó. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ Ýöí (ß) áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó ÓóíóÊóßóáøóãõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóßóáóÇãõåõ åõäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö ÞóÈúáóåõãú
(3) ÃóÍóÏö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 179 (ã)
(5) ÇÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó åõäóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ßóáóÇãö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö æóåõæó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ßóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏò æóÒõÝóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö (ÓóÊóÑöÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ) æóÚóáóì ãóÇáößò¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÝöÞúåõåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÝóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÝöÞúåõåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÝöÞúåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì Òóíúäö ÇáúÚóÇÈöÏöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÒóíúäõ ÇáúÚóÇÈöÏöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÃóÈöíåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóÈõæåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóãóÇáößñ. . . . "(7/531)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõåõ (1) ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì Úöáúãò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ãöäú ÃóÞúÑóÇäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó íõÝúÊöí Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÇáöÏö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ æóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ æóáóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ Èóáú ÃóÎóÐó Úóãøóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÓóäøó ãöäúåõãóÇ ßóÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ æóÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó (2) ¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (3) .
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÝóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÌóÇáóÓóåõ æóÚóÑóÝó ØóÑöíÞóÊóåõ (5) æóäóÇÙóÑóåõ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÇáÑøóÏøó Úóáóíúåö (åõæó) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ (6) ¡
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(1) ã: ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(3) Ó¡ È: ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 179 (ã)
(5) ã: ÍóÏöíËóåõ
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È:. . . . ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ(7/532)
ÝóÅöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáÑøóÏøó Úóáóì ãóÇáößò æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ãöäúåõ (1) ÑóÏøñ Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåö (2) ¡ ÝóäóÙóÑó (3) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö¡ æóÇäúÊóÕóÑó áöãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäú Þóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö áöãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
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æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ßóÐöÈñ áóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÞóÏú äóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÃóÍóÏñ íóÓúÊóÏöáøõ Úóáóì ÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÈöÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö¡ æóíóËúÈõÊõ ÍõÏõæËõ ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö æóÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö æóÇáÓøõßõæäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöÐóáößó áóÇ ÊóäúÝóßøõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúÈöÞõ ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËó Ýóåõæó ÍóÇÏöËñ¡ æóíõÈúäóì Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÍóæóÇÏöËó áóÇ Ãóæøóáó áóåóÇ.
Èóáú Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌóÚúÏö Èúäö ÏöÑúåóãò¡ æóÇáúÌóåúãö Èúäö ÕóÝúæóÇäó¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑó Åöáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúåõÐóíúáö ÇáúÚóáøóÇÝö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóæóÇÕöáõ Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ íõÙúåöÑóÇäö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÅöäúÝóÇÐö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÑó áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóäú ÏóÎóáóåóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöãøóÇ äóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ (4) ÚóáöíøðÇ.
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(1) Ýöí (ä) Õ 179 (ã)
(2) ß: ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóßóÇäó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöäúåõ.(8/5)
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÎõØóÈö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö. æóÞõÏóãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÔõßøõ Ýöí ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóÏú ÝóÓóÞó ÚöäúÏó ÅöÍúÏóì (1) ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ: ÅöãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÔóåöÏó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ áóãú ÃóÞúÈóáú ÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõ¡ æóÝöí ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáöíøò ãõäúÝóÑöÏóÉð ÞóæúáóÇäö áóåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö (2) .
æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁõ ßõáøõåõãú ßóÇáúåöÔóÇãóíúäö (3) æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ íõËúÈöÊõæäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóíõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáö ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ Èóáú íõÕóÑøöÍõæäó ÈöÇáÊøóÌúÓöíãö¡ æóíõÍúßóì Úóäúåõãú Ýöíåö ÔóäóÇÚóÇÊñ¡ æóåõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Ðóáößó Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö (4) .
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(1) ã: ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍóÏö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) íóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ (Õ 290 - 291) : æóÞóÇáó æóÇÕöáõ Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÇáäøóÙøóÇãõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö: äóÊóæóáøóì ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóäóÊóæóáøóì ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú áóæú ÔóåöÏó Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÞõÈöáóÊú ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõãóÇ¡ æóáóæú ÔóåöÏó ØóáúÍóÉõ Ãóæö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ ãóÚó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÞõÈöáóÊú ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõãóÇ¡ æóáóæú ÔóåöÏó Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ØóáúÍóÉó Úóáóì ÈóÇÞóÉö ÈóÞúáò áóãú äóÍúßõãú ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãóÇ¡ áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ÝóÇÓöÞñ¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ãõÎóáøóÏñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö æóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÄúãöäò æóáóÇ ßóÇÝöÑò " æóÇäúÙõÑú: ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó 2/145.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ßóÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ: åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóßóãö æóåöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöãò ÇáúÌóæóÇáöíÞöíøõ.
(4) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí " ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó " 1/106 - 109 ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÌúÓöíãö æóÞóÓøóãóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÓöÊøö ÝöÑóÞò æóÐóßóÑó ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó 1/109: " æóÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Þóæúãñ ãöäú ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíåöãú. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÃóæóÇÆöáõåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ãóÇ ÍóßóíúäóÇ Úóäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö ". æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó 1/114 - 115 Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí ÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝöÑúÞóÉõ åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑñ áóåõ ãöäú æóÌúåò æóÇÖúØöÑóÇÑñ ãöäú æóÌúåò. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÌóÈúÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúæöíÖó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ãöäúåõãú Ýóåõãú " íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞóÉò áöáøóåö. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ Þóæúãò íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÒóÇáö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ".(8/6)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö: ÃóÎóÇáöÞñ åõæó Ãóãú ãóÎúáõæÞñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ÈöÎóÇáöÞò æóáóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞò¡ áóßöäøóåõ ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " Åöäøó æóÇÕöáó Èúäó ÚóØóÇÁò ÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó [ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó] ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö (1) ÞóÏú æóÖóÚó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö¡ äóÞöíÖó Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö. ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ Èöåö æóÇÕöáõ Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò (3) .
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò¡ ÅöÐú Åöäøóåõ íóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÚóáóì ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò ÇÈúäóíú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö.
(2) ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö åõæó - áóÇ æóÇáöÏõåõ - Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóáøóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö æóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÃóÞúÏóãö ÑöÓóÇáóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö æóÝöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö. ÇäúÙõÑú: ÓöÒúßöíäó ã 1 Ì [0 - 9] Õ 15 - 16.
(3) ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (Ãóíö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö " 6/16: ". . Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ ËóäóÇ: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇÈúäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÃóÑúÖóÇåõãóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÃóæúËóÞóåõãóÇ. . . . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãõÑúÌöÆñ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÔöíÚöíøñ " æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ: ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö " æóÞóÇáó: " æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö íóÊúÈóÚõ - æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò - íóÌúãóÚõ: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÓøóÈóÇÆöíøóÉö. . . ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó æóÃóÑøóÎóåõ ÇáúåóíúËóãõ ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ".(8/7)
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ åóÇÔöãò åóÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö¡ áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÎõæåõ æóáóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö.
æóÈößõáøö ÍóÇáò ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáøóÐöí äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÇ íõäúÓóÈõ (1) Åöáóì ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó (2) ¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäóÇ ÃóÎóÐóÇ åóÐóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåöãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó äöÓúÈóÉõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ; ÝóÈóØóáó ÇáúÞóØúÚõ Èößóæúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÈöåóÐóÇ.
Èóáö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚõ Èöåö (3) Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ¡ ãóÚó ÈóÑóÇÁóÊöåö ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÉð¡ æóÃóÈõæåõ Úóáöíøñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÉð ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö ãöäúåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÊöáúãöíÐðÇ áöÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö¡ áóßöäøóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡: ãóÇ äõÓöÈó.
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö áöáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Ýöí " ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö¡ 2¡ 320 - 321 Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÞóÇáó ÓóáøóÇãõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ãõØöíÚò Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÊóÈóÑøóÃõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö¡ Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö Úóäú ÒóÇÐóÇäó æóãóíúÓóÑóÉó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÏóÎóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÝóáóÇãóÇåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÒóÇÐóÇäó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóãúÑòæ áóæóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøõ æóáóãú ÃóßúÊõÈúåõ " æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 99 Ãóæú 100 æóÞöíáó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó Ýöí æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöí Êóßóáøóãó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚöíÈõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÝóæóÌóÏó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö: Åöäøóåõ íõÑúÌöÆõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÃóäøóåõ íóÑóì ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÞóØúÚö Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÊöáóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Èößóæúäöåö ãõÎúØöÆðÇ Ãóæú ãõÕöíÈðÇ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýóáóãú íõÚóÑøöÌú Úóáóíúåö ".
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóäúåõ.(8/8)
ÝóÇÑóÞóåõ æóÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ìõãóáö (1) ãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýöí äóÝúíö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÓóáóßó ÝöíåóÇ ØóÑöíÞóÉó ÇÈúäö ßõáøóÇÈò¡ æóÎóÇáóÝóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóäóÇÞóÖóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãõäóÇÞóÖóÉö ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö æóÖöÑóÇÑö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú åõæó ãõÊóæóÓøöØñ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ßóÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÌõãúåõæÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇáó Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì Þóæúáö Ìóåúãò¡ æóÎóÇáóÝóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÇäúÊóÓóÈó Åöáóì ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
ÝóÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúãóÏõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ (* åõæó ãóÇ æóÇÝóÞó Ýöíåö Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÇáúÌõãóáö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÐóãøõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÇ æóÇÝóÞó Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó áöáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóÃóÎóÐó ãóÐúåóÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú *) (2) ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøö ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö (3) ¡ æóÚóäú ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÇáó (4) : " Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú äóÞõæáõ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö äóÐúåóÈõ ".
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(1) ä¡ ã: Íóãúáö.
(2) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ÃóÈõæ íóÍúíóì ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò ÇáÖøóÈøöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøõ¡ ãõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 220 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 307. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 3/299 - 301¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/81.
(4) Ýöí " ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö " 1/325.(8/9)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ åõæó ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö Úóäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ (1) - ßóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö - ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÌóãóÚõæÇ ÃóÎóÓøó ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö: ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö.
ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÏúÍó Ýöíåö. æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉó ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉó íóäúÓõÈõæäó Þóæúáóåõãú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃõÚúØöíó ÚöáúãðÇ ÈóÇØöäðÇ ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöáÙøóÇåöÑö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «æóÇáøóÐöí ÝóáóÞó (2) ÇáúÍóÈøóÉó¡ æóÈóÑóÃó ÇáäøóÓóãóÉó¡ ãóÇ ÚóåöÏó Åöáóíøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íóÚúåóÏúåõ (3) Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ: ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÝößóÇßõ ÇáúÃóÓúÑóì¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÞúÊóáó ãõÓúáöãñ ÈößóÇÝöÑò¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÝóåúãðÇ íõÄúÊöíåö Çááøóåõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö» " (4) .
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóäúÓõÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö¡ ßóÇáúÌóÝúÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÂÎóÑõæäó íóäúÓõÈõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉó æóÃõãõæÑðÇ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöäúåóÇ.
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡ ã: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÎóáóÞó.
(3) ã: ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÚúåóÏúåõ.
(4) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌõÍóíúÝóÉó: 1/29 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö) ¡ 4/68 - 69 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝößóÇßö ÇáúÃóÓöíÑö) ¡ 9/11¡ 12 - 13 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÇÞöáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÈöÇáúßóÇÝöÑö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/432 - 433 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó áóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ ãõÓúáöãñ ÈößóÇÝöÑò) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/21 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÓóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÞóæóÏö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãö áöáúßóÇÝöÑö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/190 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ ãõÓúáöãñ ÈößóÇÝöÑò) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/35 - 36.(8/10)
æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÞóÏú ßõÐöÈó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì äõÓöÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáäøõÌõæãö æóÇáÑøõÚõæÏö¡ æóÇáúÈõÑõæÞö æóÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÓóÇãö ÈöÇáúÃóÒúáóÇãö¡ æóäõÓöÈó Åöáóíúåö ßöÊóÇÈõ " ãóäóÇÝöÚö ÓõæóÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö "¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóäøó ÌóÚúÝóÑðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÍóÊøóì äõÓöÈó Åöáóíúåö ÃóäúæóÇÚñ ãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö "¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝóÇÓöíÑö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãöäú ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑöåö¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÊóÍúÑöíÝö Çáúßóáöãö Úóäú ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö¡ æóÊóÈúÏöíáö ãõÑóÇÏö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÈöÛóíúÑö ãõÑóÇÏöåö (1) .
æóßõáøõ Ðöí Úöáúãò ÈöÍóÇáöåö íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÈóÑöíÆðÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÏú äóÓóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøóì " ÑóÓóÇÆöáó ÅöÎúæóÇäö ÇáúßóÏóÑö " (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÕõäøöÝó ÈóÚúÏó ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÓóäóÉò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌóÚúÝóÑðÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÕõäøöÝó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáÏøóæúáóÉö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóæúáóæúÇ Úóáóì ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÈóäóæúÇ (3) ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉó¡ ÕóäøóÝóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúáõßõåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøõæäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú æóáöÏó Úóáöíøò.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äõÓöÈóÊú Åöáóì ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/464 - 465.
(2) ã: ÇáÕøóÝóÇ.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÊóÈóæøóÁõæÇ.(8/11)
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÓóÈö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó äóÓóÈóåõãú ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÌóÏøóåõãú (1) íóåõæÏöíøñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö æóÝöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÌóÏøõåõãú ÏóíúÕóÇäöíøñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÌõæÓö¡ ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõåõ ÑóÈöíÈðÇ áöãóÌõæÓöíøò ; ÝóÇäúÊóÓóÈó Åöáóì ÒóæúÌö Ãõãøöåö ÇáúãóÌõæÓöíøö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì ÈóÇåöáóÉó¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú ãóæóÇáöíåöãú¡ æóÇÏøóÚóì åõæó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÇäúÊóÓóÈó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ¡ æóÇÏøóÚóæúÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚóåõãú Ïõæäó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑöíøóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó íóÏøóÚõæäó ÅöãóÇãóÉó ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÏøóÚõæäó ÅöãóÇãóÉó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò.
æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉñ¡ ÔóÑøñ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö¡ áóíúÓõæÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó¡ áóßöäú ÅöäøóãóÇ ØõÑõÞõåõãú Úóáóì (2) åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏóÉö æóäöÓúÈóÊõåóÇ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊúåõ ÇáöÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú¡ ßóÐóÈó ÃõæáóÆößó Úóáóíúåö äóæúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö (3) ¡ ÝóÝóÑøóÚóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÒóÇÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÍóÊøóì äóÓóÈõæÇ ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏó Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÓóÈó åóÄõáóÇÁö Åöáóíúåö ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉõ¡ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøõÕóíúÑöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ íóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó (4) Åöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõãú ØõÑõÞöíøóÉñ æóÚóÔúÑöíøóÉñ æóÛõÑóÈóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÕóÇÑõæÇ íõÖöíÝõæäó Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ãóÇ ÈóÑøóÃóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó ÇááøõÕõæÕõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÔúÑöíøóÉö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ãóÚóåõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö áóåõãú Ýöí ÓóÑöÞóÉö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ ÇáúÎóíóÇÈöÑóÉõ Ãóäøó ãóÚóåõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÈöÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúÌöÒúíóÉö Úóäúåõãú¡
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(1) È: ÍóÏøóåõãú.
(2) ã: Åöáóì.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú Úóáóíúåö äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
(4) ã¡ Ó¡ È: íõäúÓóÈõæäó.(8/12)
æóÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÚõÔúÑö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú (1) ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝóÉö áöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÈúÑóÃö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú (2) åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö.
Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÚõÏøõæäó ãóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóæúåõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ãóÏúÍðÇ áóåõ¡ íõÝóÖøöáõæäóåõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ÊóäóÒøõåó ÃõæáóÆößó ãöäú ãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö (3) ÚóíúÈðÇ Ýöíåöãú æóÈõÛúÖðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó (4) ÑõÄõæÓõ ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÊóÌúÚóáõ ãõäúÊóåóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÛóÇíóÊóåõ åõæó ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑõ (5) ÈöÑõÈõæÈöíøóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó æóÑóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö ÕóÇäöÚñ áóåóÇ æóáóÇ ÎóÇáöÞñ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÈóÇØöäó Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Úóáöíøñ Åöáóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÕøö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇÊøóÕóáó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏóåõãõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöãõ¡ æóÏóæúáóÊõåõ åöíó ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóäúÓóÎõ ãöáøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóíõÙúåöÑõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÉó ÇáøóÊöí íóßúÊõãõåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÓóÑøóåóÇ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò.
æóÕóÇÑó åóÄõáóÇÁö íõÓúÞöØõæäó Úóäú ÎóæóÇÕøö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÇáÕøöíóÇãó æóÇáúÍóÌøó¡ æóíõÈöíÍõæäó áóåõãõ ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáúãõäúßóÑö (6) æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
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(1) ã: ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(2) ã: Úóäú.
(3) ä: æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ÊóäóÒøõåó Ðóáößó ãöäú ãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö¡ ã: æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó Èóíúäó ÃõæáóÆößó ãöäú ãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö¡ Ó: æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö¡ È: æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(4) ã¡ Ó: ÕóÇÑõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ã: ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ Ó: Çáúãõãúßöäö¡ ã: ÇáúãóÍúßöíøö¡ È: ÇáúãõäúßóÑö. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.(8/13)
æóÕóäøóÝó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí ßóÔúÝö ÃóÓúÑóÇÑöåöãú æóåóÊúßö ÃóÓúÊóÇÑöåöãú ßõÊõÈðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉð ; áöãóÇ Úóáöãõæåõ ãöäú ÅöÝúÓóÇÏöåöãõ ÇáÏøöíäó æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáØøóíøöÈö¡ æóÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì¡ æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ¡ æóØóæóÇÆöÝõ ÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóåóÑõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóÇáúíóãóäö æóÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¡ ßóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáóãõæÊö (1) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú.
æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ Èöåö ÏóÎóáó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (2) æóÃóÝúÓóÏõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó åõæó ØóÑöíÞõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ; áöÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóÃóåúæóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóÈõÚúÏöåöãú ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ æóÕøóæúÇ ÏõÚóÇÊóåõãú Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ æóÕóÇÑõæÇ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó (3) ÈöãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö¡ æóíóÒöíÏõæäó åõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ äóÇÓóÈóåõãú ãöäó ÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãóÇ áóãú íóÝúÚóáúåõ ÚóÈóÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóæúËóÇäö æóÇáÕøõáúÈóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÃóãúÑöåöãú Ïöíäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÔóÑøñ (4) ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÚõÈøóÇÏö (5) ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö.
æóÃóæøóáõ ÏóÚúæóÊöåöãõ ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚõ¡ æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ ÇáöÇäúÓöáóÇÎõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Èóáú ãöäó Çáúãöáóáö ßõáøöåóÇ.
æóãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÊóÞóáøõÈó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåö ; ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóáóãõæÊö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/445.
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) Ó: íóÓúÊóÛöíËõæäó
(4) ã: ÃóÔóÑøõ.
(5) ä: æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉö.(8/14)
æóåóÐóÇ ÊóÕúÏöíÞñ áöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóíúåö: " «áóÊóÑúßóÈõäøó Óõäóäó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÍóÐúæó ÇáúÞõÐøóÉö ÈöÇáúÞõÐøóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÌõÍúÑó ÖóÈøò áóÏóÎóáúÊõãõæåõ ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¿ ÞóÇáó: " Ýóãóäú» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóíúåö: " «áóÊóÃúÎõÐóäøó ÃõãøóÊöí ãóÃúÎóÐó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÔöÈúÑðÇ ÈöÔöÈúÑò æóÐöÑóÇÚðÇ ÈöÐöÑóÇÚò ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÇÑöÓõ æóÇáÑøõæãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " æóãóäö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáøóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö» ¿ " (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÕóÇÑó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö¡ æóÞóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáóíúäö: ÇáäøõæÑõ æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÃõãõæÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáÑøõæãö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøóÉö ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúíõæäóÇäö¡ æóÞóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÃõãõæÑðÇ¡ æóãóÒóÌõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ æóÓóãøõæÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåöãú: ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó æóÇáÊøóÇáöíó¡ æóÌóÚóáõæåõ åõæó ÇáúÞóáóãó æóÇááøóæúÍó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞóáóãó åõæó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö: Åöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò íõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÞúÈöáú¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÏúÈöÑú ÝóÃóÏúÈóÑó. ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÚöÒøóÊöí ãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÎóáúÞðÇ ÃóßúÑóãó Úóáóíøó ãöäúßó¡ ÝóÈößó ÂÎõÐõ¡ æóÈößó ÃõÚúØöí¡ æóÈößó ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóÈößó ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ» .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ßóÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/628 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: " áóÊóÊøóÈöÚõäøó. . .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/365.(8/15)
ÇáúãõÍóÈøóÑö (1) æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ßõÐöÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøõ¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõãú (2) ¡ áóßöäú (3) áóãøóÇ æóÇÝóÞó ÑóÃúíó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÐúåóÈóåõãú.
ÝóÅöäøó áóÝúÙóåõ " Ãóæøóáó " ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö. æóÑõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ " «áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáó» " Ãóíú Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóæúÞóÇÊö ÎóáúÞöåö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇØóÈóåõ Íöíäó ÎóáóÞóåõ¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÆöåö: " «ãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÎóáúÞðÇ ÃóßúÑóãó Úóáóíøó ãöäúßó» " ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó ÞóÈúáóåõ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóæóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ " íõÞúÈöáõ æóíõÏúÈöÑõ "
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(1) Ó¡ È: ßóÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÇáúãõÍöÈøö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/174 ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò: ÇáúÝóÖúáõ ÑóÌõáõ ÓõæÁò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: æóÍóÝúÕõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áóÇ íóÍöáøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóíúÝñ ÝóßóÐøóÇÈñ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú " Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó 1/175 æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò Ëõãøó Ñóæóì (1/176) Úóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö Þóæúáóåõ: Åöäøó ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÖóÚóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ: Ãóæøóáõåõãú: ãóíúÓóÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÑóÈøöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÑóÞóåõ ãöäúåõ ÏóÇæõÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÍóÈøóÑö ÝóÑóßøóÈóåõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÛóíúÑö ÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ãóíúÓóÑóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÑóÞóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÑóÌóÇÁò ÝóÑóßøóÈóåõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÃõÎóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÑóÞóåõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì ÇáÓøöÌúÒöíøõ ÝóÃóÊóì ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÃõÎúÑóì. æóÒóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö 1/177: " æóÞóÏú ÑõæöíóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæáö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ íóËúÈõÊõ ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇááøóÂáöÆó ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉó áöáÓøõíõæØöíøö 1/129 - 130¡ ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉó áöáÓøóÎóÇæöíøö¡ Õ [0 - 9] 18¡ 134 ; ÊóäúÒöíåó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÚöÑóÇÞò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøö 1/213 ; ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉó áöáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøö¡ Õ 476 ; ÊóÐúßöÑóÉó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áöáúÝóÊóäöíøö¡ Õ 29 - 30 ; ßóÔúÝó ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö áöáúÚóÌúáõæäöíøö 1/236 - 237¡ 263¡ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áóÚóáöíøò ÇáúÞóÇÑöí¡ Õ 27¡ 30¡ ÓöáúÓöáóÉó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö áöáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö 1/11. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö " 2/20 Úóäú ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÇáúãõÍóÈøóÑö. æóÇäúÙõÑú " ÇáÕøóÝóÏöíøóÉó " 1/238 - 239.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóáóßöäú.(8/16)
æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ (1) ÚöäúÏóåõãú íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóíúåö åóÐóÇ. æóÞóÇáó: " «Èößó¡ ÂÎõÐõ¡ æóÈößó ÃõÚúØöí¡ æóÈößó ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú (* åõæó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ßõáøöåö¡ åõæó ÇáúãõÈúÏöÚõ áóåõ ßõáøöåö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúáõæáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÚúÑóÇÖò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÚöäúÏóåõãú *) (2) ãõÈúÏöÚõ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ßõáøöåóÇ: ÇáúÚõáúæöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøõÝúáöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö (3) ¡ æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÚóÑóÖñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö æóÅöãøóÇ ÞõæøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö (4) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÕúÏóÑõ [ÇáúÚóÞúáö] (5) : ÚóÞóáó íóÚúÞöáõ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ ÝóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì Ýöí áõÛóÊöåöãõ ÇáúÚóÞúáó.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåöãõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÌóæúåóÑñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö. æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÃóãúÑöåöãú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÇÑóÞóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö áóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑö æõÌõæÏöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáäøóÇØöÞóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúØóÆõæÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÕöÝóÇÊöåóÇ (6) .
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãó ãóÚúáõæáñ ÚöáøóÉð ÞóÏöíãóÉð ÃóÒóáöíøóÉð æóÇÌöÈóÉó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãó áóÇÒöãñ áóåóÇ¡ áóßöäøó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøóåõ ÚöáøóÉñ ÛóÇÆöíøóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßó ÊóÊóÍóÑøóßõ ÍóÑóßóÉð ÅöÑóÇÏöíøóÉð ÔóæúÞöíøóÉð áöáÊøóÔóÈøõåö Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÑøößñ áóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÍóÑøößõ
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(1) ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö.
(4) È: ÅöãøóÇ ÞõæøóÉõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ÇáúÚóÞúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí åóÐóÇ: ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó " ÇáÓøóÈúÚöíäöíøóÉó " áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó¡ Ööãúäó ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáúßõÈúÑóì¡ äóÔóÑóåõ ÝóÑóÌõ Çááøóåö ÇáúßõÑúÏöíøõ¡ ãóØúÈóÚóÉõ ßõÑúÏöÓúÊóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãöíøóÉõ¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉõ¡ 1329. æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈöí: ãõÞóÇÑóäóÉñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó¡ Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÞóáóãö¡ ÇáúßõæóíúÊö¡ 1395 1975.(8/17)
ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈõ ÇáúãõÊóÔóÈøóåõ Èöåö áöãõÍöÈøöåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÔóÈøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúãõÍúÏöËó áöÊóÕóæøõÑóÇÊöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö.
ÝóÞóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáúÝóáóßö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö (1) ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö¡ áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÍóÑóßóÉõ ÇáúÝóáóßö åöíó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö. ÝóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËó ßõáøóåóÇ ÊóÍúÏõËõ ÈöáóÇ ãõÍúÏöËò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóáößõáøö ãóÞóÇãò ãóÞóÇáñ.
æóåõãú ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÈóÇØöäó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóáóæóÇÍöÞöåö¡ æóÞóÓøóãõæÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏó Åöáóì ÌóæúåóÑò æóÚóÑóÖò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÓøóãõæÇ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖó Åöáóì ÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóÌúäóÇÓò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÑóÏøóåóÇ Åöáóì ÎóãúÓóÉò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÑóÏøóåóÇ Åöáóì ËóáóÇËóÉò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõãú áóåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÕúÑö. æóÞóÓøóãõæÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑó (2) Åöáóì ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóäúæóÇÚò: ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÇáäøóÝúÓõ¡ æóÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ¡ æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÌöÓúãõ.
æóæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÊóÇÑóÉð íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÌóæúåóÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÞõÏóãóÇÆöåöãú ßóÃóÑöÓúØõæ æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð áóÇ íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ. æóßóÇäó ÞõÏóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÞóæúãö íóÊóÕóæøóÑõæäó Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÃõãõæÑðÇ ÚóÞúáöíøóÉð¡ ÝóíóÙõäøõæäóåóÇ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÍúßóì Úóäú ÔöíÚóÉö ÝöíËóÇÛõæÑúÓó æóÃóÝúáóÇØõæäó (3) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÃóÚúÏóÇÏðÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúãõËõáó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇØõæäöíøóÉó¡ æóåöíó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉó¡ æóåöíó Çáúåóíõæáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáöíøóÉõ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúãõÏøóÉó
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÃóÍúæóÇáö.
(2) ã: ÇáúÌóæúåóÑó.
(3) ä¡ Ó: æóÃóÝúáóÇØöäó.(8/18)
ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉó¡ æóåöíó ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÌöÓúãö æóÃóÚúÑóÇÖöåö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÁó (1) ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÌöÓúãö æóÃóÚúÑóÇÖöåö.
æóÃóÑöÓúØõæ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõ ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÓóáóÝóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóãú íõËúÈöÊõæÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉó ÇáúãõÞóÇÑöäóÉó áöáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö ÇáúãõÞóÇÑöäóÉó áöáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúÚõÞõæáó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÝúÓõ ÇáúÝóáóßöíøóÉõ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõåõãú íóÌúÚóáõåóÇ ÞõæøóÉð ÌõÓúãóÇäöíøóÉð¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: åöíó ÌóæúåóÑñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ßóäóÝúÓö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö.
æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö " íõÑöíÏõæäó Èöåö ÊóÇÑóÉð ãóÇ åõæó ÚóÑóÖñ¡ ßóÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚöíøóÉö¡ ãöËúáó Ôóßúáö ÇáÓøóÑöíÑö æóÇáúÎóÇÊóãö æóÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÚóÑóÖñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöãóÍóáøöåö (2) ¡ æóÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ åóäóÇ ÌóæúåóÑñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö. æóíõÑöíÏõæäó ÈöÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÊóÇÑóÉð ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉó¡ æóÈöÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉó (3) ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉó.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏöäó æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊó (4) áóåóÇ ÕõæÑóÉñ åöíó ÎõáöÞóÊú ãöäú ãóæóÇÏøó¡ áóßöäú [íóÚúäõæäó] (5) ÈöÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÌóæúåóÑðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÈöÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö ÌóæúåóÑðÇ ÂÎóÑó ãõÞóÇÑöäðÇ áöåóÐöåö.
æóÂÎóÑõæäó Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåöãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÌóæúåóÑö ÇáúÝóÑúÏö æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ Ëóãøó ãöäú ÍóÇÏöËò íõÚúáóãõ ÍõÏõæËõåõ ÈöÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõæäó ÍõÏõæËó ÌóæúåóÑò ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóáóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúãóßóÇäö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÌöÓúãö.
(2) ã: ÈöäóÝúÓöåö.
(3) ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) È: æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊóÇÊö.
(5) íóÚúäõæäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) .(8/19)
æóßöáóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ ÎóØóÃñ æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.
æóÞóÏú íõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö¡ æóÈöÇáÕøõæÑóÉö (1) ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó ßöáóíúåöãóÇ ÌóæúåóÑñ ÚóÞúáöíøñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö ÃóãúÑñ ßõáøöíøñ¡ æóÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊõ áóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ ßõáøöíøóÇÊò (2) ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Ýóåõæó ãõãóíøóÒñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóÇ íóÔúÑóßõåõ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÎöÐó ßõáøöíøðÇ.
æóÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãõ íóÚúÑöÖõ áóåóÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáõ æóÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ æóÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞõ¡ æóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö¡ áóíúÓó ÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÌöÓúãö ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓö íóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáõ æóÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáõ¡ æóíõÓóãøõæäóåõ Çáúåóíõæáóì æóÇáúãóÇÏøóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö (3) .
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÏú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó æóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÍóÞøò æóÈóÇØöáò ; ÝóíóÚúáóãõæäó åóáú åõãú ãõæóÇÝöÞõæäó áöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ Ãóæú åõãú ãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó áóåõ. æóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÙóÇåõÑó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈøóÑó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóíõÚóÈøöÑõ Úóäö ÇáúÌöÓúãö ÈöÚóÇáóãö Çáúãóáóßö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÈöÚóÇáóãö ÇáúãóáóßõæÊö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈöÚóÇáóãö ÇáúÌóÈóÑõæÊö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö. æóíóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÇáúÚõÞõæáó æóÇáäøõÝõæÓó åöíó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉö.
(2) ä¡ ã: ßóáöãóÇÊò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóËóáðÇ: ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáÕøóÝóÏöíøóÉö " æóßöÊóÇÈó " ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " æóßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúØöÞöíøöíäó ".(8/20)
æóÞóÏú íóÌúÚóáõæäó Þõæóì ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÎóíúÑö åöíó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó¡ æóÞõæóÇåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÔøóÑøó åöíó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúÒöáõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí äõÝõæÓö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ¡ æóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãóãúÑõæÑöíäó (1) æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö ; ÍóíúËõ íóÊóÎóíøóáõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÃóÔúßóÇáðÇ äõæÑóÇäöíøóÉð¡ æóíóÓúãóÚõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÃóÕúæóÇÊðÇ¡ ÝóÊöáúßó åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÐóáößó åõæó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö¡ áóíúÓó áóåõ ßóáóÇãñ ãõäúÝóÕöáñ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÏøóÚöí ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ßóáøóãóåõ ßóãóÇ ßóáøóãó ãõæÓóì Èúäó ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ßóáøóãó ãõæÓóì ; áöÃóäøó ãõæÓóì ßõáøöãó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöÍõÑõæÝò æóÃóÕúæóÇÊò Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõãú íõßóáøóãõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÕóÇÍöÈõ " ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö " æó " ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÖúäõæäö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÃóåúáöåóÇ " (2) æóÞóÚó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö ÞöØúÚóÉñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóãóØö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÝøóÑóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó¡ æóÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÃóãúÑõåõ Úóáóì ãõØóÇáóÚóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóãöäú åõäóÇ Óóáóßó ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÎóáúÚö ÇáäøóÚúáóíúäö " ÇÈúäõ ÞóÓöíøò (3) æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúãóãúÑõæÒöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ. æóÝöí " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ": " æóÇáúãóÑóÇÑóÉõ: ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãöÑøóÉõ. æóÇáúãöÑøóÉõ: ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáØøóÈóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö. ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÏóåú: æóÇáúãöÑøóÉõ ãöÒóÇÌñ ãöäú ÃóãúÒöÌóÉö ÇáúÈóÏóäö. . . æóÇáúãóãúÑõæÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÛóáóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãöÑøóÉõ " æóíóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåóÇÊö " 3¡ 4/871 - 872: " æóÞóÏú íõÔóÇåöÏõ Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúÖóì æóÇáúãóãúÑõæÑöíäó ÕõæóÑðÇ ãóÍúÓõæÓóÉð ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ÍóÇÖöÑóÉð¡ æóáóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áóåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÍúÓõæÓò ÎóÇÑöÌò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇäúÊöÞóÇÔõåóÇ ÅöÐóäú ãöäú ÓóÈóÈò ÈóÇØöäò Ãóæú ÓóÈóÈò ãõÄóËøöÑò Ýöí ÓóÈóÈò ÈóÇØöäò ".
(2) æóåõæó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ.
(3) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÞóÓöíøò¡ Ñõæãöíøõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ãöäú ÈóÇÏöíóÉö ÔöáúÈó¡ ÇÓúÊóÚúÑóÈó æóÊóÃóÏøóÈó æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøöÚúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÚóßóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÚúÙö æóßóËõÑó ãõÑöíÏõæåõ¡ ÝóÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ æóÊóÓóãøóì ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãö. ËóÇÑó Úóáóì ÏóæúáóÉö ÇáúãõáóËøóãöíäó æóÇÔúÊóÑóßó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÇËö ÇáÓøöíóÇÓöíøóÉö Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞõÊöáó ÓóäóÉó 546 åÜ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÍõáøóÉö ÇáÓøöíóÑóÇÁö¡ Õ. 199 - 203¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/113 - 114. æóßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÎóáúÚö ÇáäøóÚúáóíúäö " ØõÈöÚó ÈöÈóíúÑõæÊó.(8/21)
ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍößóãö " æó " ÇáúÝõÊõæÍóÇÊö ÇáúãóßøöíøóÉö " ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÏöäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäúåõ Çáúãóáóßõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõæÍóì Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÚöäúÏóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäó Çáúãóáóßö ÇáøóÐöí íõæÍóì Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáÑøõÓõáö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÚöäúÏóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóíóÇáóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóãóËøóáóÊú Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö áóãøóÇ ÕõæøöÑóÊú áóåõ ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí (1) ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö (2) ÇáúÎóíóÇáöíøóÉö¡ æóÊöáúßó ÇáÕøõæóÑõ (3) ÚöäúÏóåõ åöíó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóåöíó ÈöÒóÚúãöåö ÊóÃúÎõÐõ Úóäú ÚóÞúáöåö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÕöíÑó ÎóíóÇáðÇ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ:
ãóÞóÇãõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÈóÑúÒóÎò ÝõæóíúÞó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÏõæäó Çáúæóáöíøö
æóÇáúæóáöíøõ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö íóÃúÎõÐõ Úóäö Çááøóåö ÈöáóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉò ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ Úóäú ÚóÞúáöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú åõæó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Úóäö Çááøóåö ÈöáóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉò (4) ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ãõäúÝóÕöáóÉñ ÊóäúÒöáõ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö (5) ¡ æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóíúÓó åõæó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ãõÈóÇíöäðÇ
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(1) ä¡ Ó: æóÇáúãóÚóÇäöí.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö.
(3) È: ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ.
(4) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " ÊóäóÈøóåú áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÓóÍúÞóÇÊö (áóÚóáøóåóÇ: ÓóÎóÇÝóÇÊö) ÇáúÚõÞõæáö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÕöíÏóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö: æóãóäú ÓóÇæóì æóáöíøðÇ ãóÚú äóÈöíøò: äõßóÝøöÑúåõ ÈöÐóÇ Çáúßóáöãö ÇááøöÍóÇÈö ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõßó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÖøóáó Çáúæóáöíøó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö! ÇåÜ. ãöäú åóÇãöÔö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ".
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÊõäúÒöáõ ÇáúæóÍúíó.(8/22)
áöáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö¡ Èóáú åõæó æõÌõæÏñ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ Ãóæú ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöäóÝúíö (1) ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ Ãóæú äóÝúíö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö æóÇáÓøóáúÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÞõæáõæäó: åõæó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö¡ Ãóæú ÍóÇáøñ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ åóÐóÇ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÛóÇíóÉõ ßõáøö ÑóÓõæáò æóäóÈöíøò (2) : ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ ÚöäúÏóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Úóäö ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÎóíøóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÕóæøóÑóÊö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõËõáö ÇáúÎóíóÇáöíøóÉö¡ æóíõÓóãøõæäóåóÇ ÇáúÞõæøóÉó ÇáúÞõÏúÓöíøóÉó ; ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ÝóæúÞó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÙóåóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÞóÇáóÈö ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö æóÇáÊøóäóÓøõßö æóÏóÚúæóì ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö æóÇáÊøóÃóáøõåö (3) ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÙóåóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÞóÇáóÈö ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö æóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö¡ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÔõíõæÎóåõãú ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáõæåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáõæåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏú íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ.
æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÃóÓóÇØöíäõ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö (4) ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÝóíúáóÓõæÝðÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÞõæøóÉò ÞõÏúÓöíøóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóì ÇáúÝóíúáóÓõæÝö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáõ ÇáúÝóíúáóÓõæÝó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö. æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó
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(1) ä: íóäúÝöí.
(2) È: æóãóÈúäðì.
(3) ä: æóÇáÊøóÃóáøõåö æóÐóáößó¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
(4) ä: æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ íõÈóÇØöäóÇ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉó¡ Ó¡ È: æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ íõÈóÇØöäóÇäö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉó¡ ã: æóßöáóÇåõãú ÃóÓóÇØöíäõ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÕóæøöÝóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö ãöäú ÃóÓóÇØöíäö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö ãöËúáó ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. . ÅöáóÎú.(8/23)
ãõßúÊóÓóÈóÉñ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó (1) : Åöäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ËóáóÇËö ÕöÝóÇÊò¡ ãóäú ÍóÕóáóÊú áóåõ Ýóåõæó äóÈöíøñ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÞõæøóÉñ ÞõÏúÓöíøóÉñ ÍóÏúÓöíøóÉñ íóäóÇáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöáóÇ ÊóÚóáøõãò¡ æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó äóÝúÓõåõ ÞóæöíøóÉð áóåóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑñ Ýöí åóíõæáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÞõæøóÉñ íóÊóÎóíøóáõ ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ íóÚúÞöáõåõ¡ æóãóÑúÆöíøðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóãóÓúãõæÚðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÚóäúåõ ÃóÎóÐó Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö " ÇáúãõÖúäõæäö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÃóåúáöåóÇ ".
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑõæåõ íóÍúÕõáõ áöÎóáúÞò ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö Úõãõæãö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö äóÈöíøðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö (2) Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáö ÓóáóÝöåöãõ ÇáÏøóåúÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßó ÞóÏöíãóÉñ ÃóÒóáöíøóÉñ¡ áóÇ ãõÝúÚõæáóÉñ áöÝóÇÚöáò ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ æóÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úöáúãóåõ ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃõÕõæáöåöãõ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏóÉö ; ÝóÊóßóáøóãó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáö ÃõæáóÆößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁõ - ÃóÑöÓúØõæ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ - ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ßóáóÇãñ ãõÍóÕøóáñ. æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ (3) ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íóØúáõÈõ Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó äóÈöíøðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ íóØúáõÈõ Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáÊøóÃóáøõåö¡ æóÓóáóßó äóÍúæðÇ ãöäú ãóÓúáóßö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö¡ æóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö æóÇáúíõæäóÇäö¡ æóÚóÙøóãó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÑøóÈó Ïöíäó ÇáúãóÌõæÓö ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ æóåöíó äõÓúÎóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóíóÞõæáõæäó. .
(2) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ.(8/24)
íóÏñ Ýöí ÇáÓøöÍúÑö æóÇáÓøöíãöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÒøóäúÏóÞóÉö ÈöÍóáóÈó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÕóáóÇÍö ÇáÏøöíäö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íóØúáõÈõ Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÌóÏøóÏó ÛóÇÑó ÍöÑóÇÁò ÇáøóÐöí äóÒóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÍúíõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ æóÍõßöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: áóÞóÏú ÐóÑöÈó ÇÈúäõ ÂãöäóÉó (1) ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí» ". È æóßóÇäó ÈóÇÑöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÊóÕóæøõÝö ÇáúãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝóÉö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÐóáößó.
æóåõæó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ ßóÇáÕøóÏúÑö ÇáúÞõæäóæöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúÝóÇÑöÖö¡ æóÇáÊøöáöãúÓóÇäöíøö: ãõäúÊóåóì ÃóãúÑöåöãõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöæóÍúÏóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó (2) ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÞóÏöíãó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞó åõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ Çáúãõãúßöäõ ÇáúãõÍúÏóËõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ¡ ãóÇ Ëóãøó áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ (3) æóáóÇ Óöæóì¡ áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÊóÚóÏøõÏó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ÕóÇÑõæÇ ÊóÇÑóÉð íóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÙóÇåöÑõ æóãóÌóÇáöí.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó áóåõãú: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÙóÇåöÑõ ÃóãúÑðÇ æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ ÊóÚóÏøóÏó (4) ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ. æóãóÇ åõæó äóÍúæó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó äóæúÚóÇäö ÎóÇáöÞñ æóãóÎúáõæÞñ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÍúäõ äõËúÈöÊõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÔúÝö ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ÕóÑöíÍó ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóãóäú
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(1) ä¡] ¡ È: áóÞóÏú ÑóÑöÈó (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) ¡ ã áóÞóÏú ÊóÑóÏøóÈó (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) ÇáÑøóÇãöíóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ. æóÝöí " ÇááøöÓóÇäö ": æóÞöíáó: ÇáÐøóÑöÈõ ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÇáÔøóÊøóÇãõ ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔõ "
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÃóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: áóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ.
(4) ä: ÈöÚóÏóÏò. æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .(8/25)
ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÍóÞøöÞðÇ ãöËúáóäóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóáúÊóÒöãó (1) ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÌöÓúãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó íóßõæäõ Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝõ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóßúËõÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõæóáö ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö (2) ¡ æóÚóÇãøóÊõåõãú Êóãöíáõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ ßóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ ; ÝóÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì ßóÔúÝö ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÈóíóÇäö ÃõãõæÑöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÏøóÚõæäó Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóÇ íóÝúåóãõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊöåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ íóÓøóÑó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøöí ÈóíøóäúÊõ áóåõãú ÍóÞóÇÆöÞóåõãú¡ æóßóÊóÈúÊõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊö ãóÇ ÚóáöãõæÇ Èöåö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Þóæúáöåöãú¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú ÈõØúáóÇäõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍö æóÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáúßóÔúÝö ÇáúãõØóÇÈöÞö¡ ÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãú (3) æóÝõÖóáóÇÆöåöãú ãóäú ÑóÌóÚó¡ æóÃóÎóÐó åóÄõáóÇÁö íõËúÈöÊõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÊóäóÇÞõÖóåõãú¡ æóíóÑõÏøõæäóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö (4) .
æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÖóáóÇáöåöãú (5) Ùóäøõåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÅöãøóÇ: ãõØúáóÞñ áóÇ ÈöÔóÑúØò (6) ¡ (* æóÅöãøóÇ ãõØúáóÞñ ÈöÔóÑúØò¡ ÝóÇáúãõØúáóÞõ áóÇ
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(1) ã: íóáúÒóãó.
(2) È: ÇáúÌóÇåöáóÉö.
(3) ã: ÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú¡ ä: ÚóíóÇíöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóÈõÑõæÏóÊóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ È: æóÈóÑóÇÁóÊóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö: ã æóíóÑõÏøõæäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(5) ã: ÅöÖúáóÇáöåöãú.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÅöãøóÇ ãóÚúáõæáðÇ ÈöÔóÑúØò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) .(8/26)
ÈöÔóÑúØò *) (1) ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøõæäóåõ Çáúßõáøöíøó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøó¡ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ åõæó ãõØúáóÞñ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ãõÞóíøóÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö (2) ÔóíúÆðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóåõæó ãõØúáóÞñ ÍóÇáó ÊóÍóÞøõÞöåö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Ýóåõæó ÛóÇáöØñ ÛóáóØðÇ Öóáøó Ýöíåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóäúØöÞö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Ýóåõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÓóáúÈö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö æóÇáÓøóáúÈöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäú ßõáøö ÞóíúÏò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ãóæú ãóÚúÏõæãñ¡ Ãóæú æóÇÍöÏñ Ãóæú ßóËöíÑñ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö - ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÞóíúÏðÇ ÒóÇÆöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÊóÃúÎõÐõåõ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäú ßõáøö ÞóíúÏò ËõÈõæÊöíøò æóÓóáúÈöíøò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÕöÝõåõ¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáÓøóáúÈöíøóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ (3) åõæó æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÓøöÌöÓúÊóÇäöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö " ÇáúÃóÞóÇáöíÏö ÇáúãóáóßõæÊöíøóÉö " æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö. áóßöäøó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ: íóÑúÝóÚõ (4) ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏó æóáóÇ ãóÚúÏõæãó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Èóáú ÃõãúÓößõ Úóäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ: ãóæúÌõæÏñ æóáóÇ ãóÚúÏõæãñ (5) ¡ ßóÃóÈöí íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÊóåóì ÊóÌúÑöíÏö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöæóÍúÏóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö.
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(1) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö. æóÝöí (Ó) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö: Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí ÇáúåóÇãöÔö: áóÚóáøóåõ: Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóåóßóÐóÇ.
(4) ä¡ Ó: ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ íóÑúÝóÚõ¡ ã: ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ¡ È: ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÑóÝúÚö.
(5) (4 - 4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .(8/27)
æóÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ åõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáÓøóáúÈöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇáúÚóÏóãö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö æóÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö.
ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöíäó áöáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö: ÃóäúÊõãú ÈóäóíúÊõãú ÃóãúÑóßõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæóÇäöíäö ÇáúãóäúØöÞöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö Úóäúåõ¡ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö (* ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÊóÞúÏöíÑðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÇÔúÊóÑóØúäóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ æóáóÇ ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ áóãú íõæÌóÏú Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Èóáú äóÝúÑöÖõ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÝúÑöÖõ ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó *) (1) ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ ÝóÝóÑúÖõ ÑóÝúÚö (2) ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö ßóÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÊóÇÑóÉð íóÕöÝõæäóåõ ÈöÌóãúÚö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßö ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ (3) ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÌúãóÚõæäó Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö " ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉö " æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó: Åöäøóåõ ãõÈúÏöÚõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóÔóÑóØõæÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöËõÈõæÊò æóáóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁò (4) - ßóÇäó ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ßóæúäóåõ ãõÈúÏöÚðÇ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÔóÑóØõæÇ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÌúÑöíÏó Úóäö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö - ßóÇäó ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ.
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(1) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ÑóÝúÚö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ã: ÈößóËúÑóÉò.
(4) ã: ÈöËõÈõæÊö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö.(8/28)
æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáöåöãú: ãóæúÌõæÏñ áóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ æóæóÇÌöÈñ áóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõäúÊóåóì ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ Ãóæú ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÕöíÑõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóíõÚóÙøöãõæäóåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãõäúÊóåóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö.
æóãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÖóáóÇáöåöãú Ùóäøõåõãú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÊóäúÒöíåñ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóÊóì æóÕóÝõæÇ ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÅöËúÈóÇÊò Ãóæú äóÝúíò ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÊóÔúÈöíåñ ÈöÐóáößó. æóáóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåó ÇáúãóäúÝöíøó Úóäö Çááøóåö åõæó ãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÕúÝõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ãöËúáó ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó ; ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ Ãóæú íóÌöÈõ áóåõ ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ áóåõãú¡ Ãóæú íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúãóäúÝöíøõ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ æóÕúÝõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáäøóÞóÇÆöÕö (1) ¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ãõãóÇËóáóÉõ ÛóíúÑöåö áóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇäö ÌõãøóÇÚñ áöãóÇ íõäóÒøóåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóÓóØúäóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ Ïóáøó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú åõæó Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ - Çááøóåõ ÇáÕøóãóÏõ - áóãú íóáöÏú æóáóãú íõæáóÏú - æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ßõÝõæðÇ ÃóÍóÏñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö] ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö (2) .
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ ßóÍóíøò æóÍóíøò¡ æóãóæúÌõæÏò æóãóæúÌõæÏò¡ æóÚóáöíãò æóÚóáöíãò - ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãóäú äóÝóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúØöíáõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó
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(1) ã: ÇáäøóÞóÇÆöÖö.
(2) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ æóØõÈöÚó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãóÑøóÉò.(8/29)
ãóæúÌõæÏóíúäö ÞóÇÆöãóíúäö ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò (1) áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚóåõãóÇ ÇÓúãñ ÚóÇãøñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì ÚóÇãøò (2) ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÚóÇãøó (3) áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÚóÇãøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ áóÇ (4) Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ãõÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöíåö áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö (5) ¡ æóßõáøõ ãóæúÌõæÏò Ýóåõæó íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÕöÝóÇÊö äóÝúÓöåö¡ áóÇ íóÔúÑóßõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ åõæó äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔóÇÈõåö æóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ Ýöíåö Çáúßõáøöíøõ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ßóÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÅöáøóÇ ãõÊóãóíøöÒðÇ Úóäú äóÙöíÑöåö¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ åõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ãõÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
ÝóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö ÅöÐóÇ æóÇÝóÞó ÇÓúãó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö¡ ßóÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö æóÇáúÍóíøö - æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÚóÇãøñ ßõáøöíøñ¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÔóßøößóÉö (6) - áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ ãöäú ãõÓóãøóì åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó ãöäú ãõÓóãøóì åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöíåö ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÂÎóÑõ¡ Èóáú æõÌõæÏõ åóÐóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõ
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(1) ä: æóÍöíäó¡ Ó: æóÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ã: æóíõÚúÊóÈóÑõ.
(2) (2 - 2) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÞóÇÆöãó.
(4) ã: æóáóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ã: áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ã: æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉö æóÇáúãõÔúßöáóÉö. . .¡ ä: æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÔúßöáóÉö.(8/30)
æóæõÌõæÏõ åóÐóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõ¡ áóßöäú ãóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ ÞóÏú íõãóÇËöáõ ãóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãöËúáóíúäö ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóáóÇ íõãóÇËöáõåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ Èóáö ÇáÊøóÈóÇíõäõ ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö Ýöí ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÈóÇíõäö ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö æóÃóÍúÞóÑöåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Çáúßõáøöíøõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó - ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ - áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ßõáøöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝóÇäö Èöåö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ äóæúÚõ ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉò æóãõÔóÇÑóßóÉò æóãõÔóÇÈóåóÉò ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó áóÇ ãóÍúÐõæÑó Ýöíåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ (1) ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóÏúÑó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó ãöäú æõÌõæÈò æóÌóæóÇÒò æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚò ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ãõÊøóÕöÝñ Èöåö¡ ÝóÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÚóáöíãõ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíøõ¡ ãóåúãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõåõ ãöäú æõÌõæÈò æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚò æóÌóæóÇÒò¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ãóæúÕõæÝñ Èöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö æóÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÚöáúãöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ ãöäú æõÌõæÈò æóÌóæóÇÒò æóÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ ãöäú æõÌõæÈò æóÌóæóÇÒò æóÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉò.
Ýóãóäú Ýóåöãó åóÐóÇ ÇäúÍóáøóÊú Úóäúåõ ÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ íóÚúËõÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐúßöíóÇÁö¡ ÇáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Úóäö ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÃóßúãóáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúØöíáö æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö: Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ (* ÈöÇáúÞõíõæÏö ÇáÓøóáúÈöíøóÉö
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(1) È: ÝóÅöäøó.(8/31)
áóÇ ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÚóÈøóÑõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ *) (1) ÊóÇÑóÉð (2) áóÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ áóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚóÈøöÑõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ - ÈöäóÇÁðÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó íóÚúÑöÖõ áöáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ÇáúãõãúßöäóÉö. ÝóÅöäøó áöáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò: Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÒóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõãúßöäö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Þóæúáóíö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÞõæáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøõÙøóÇÑö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÞöíáó: Èóáö ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö åõæó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ áóíúÓó åõäóÇßó ÔóíúÆóÇäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáäøõÙøóÇÑö ãöäú ãõËúÈöÊóÉö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ áóßöäú Ùóäøó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ æóÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ æóäóÍúæõåõãú Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ãóÞõæáñ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö¡ æóäóÞóáõæÇ Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ Úóáóíúåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö åõãú ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöÃóäøó áóÝúÙó " ÇáúæõÌõæÏö " ãóÞõæáñ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóáöíáóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Þóæúáó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Èóáú åõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÞóÏöíãò æóãõÍúÏóËò¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö íóÚõãøõåõãóÇ.
áóßöäøó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó íóäúÝöí ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÚõãõæãõ æóÇáúÎõÕõæÕõ íóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãóÚúäðì ßõáøöíøñ ÚóÇãøñ¡ áóíúÓó ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáÐøöåúäó áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ãóÚúäðì ÚóÇãøñ ßõáøöíøñ.
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(1) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) È: ÈöÃóäú.(8/32)
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó: æõÌõæÏõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò åõæó äóÝúÓõ ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åóÐóÇ åõæó Þóæúáñ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö ; áöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÚóÇãøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÓóÇæöíóÉö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÇÖöáóÉö (1) ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÔóßøößóÉó¡ æóÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈò æóãõãúßöäò¡ æóÞóÏöíãò æóãõÍúÏóËò¡ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóæúÚóÇäö ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ßõáøöíøñ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÊóãóíøóÒó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöãóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ; ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áößõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö.
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö áóíúÓó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ áóãú íõãúßöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÝúÙõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö íóÚõãøõåõãóÇ¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõ: åõæó ãóÞõæáñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ ÖóáøóÊú Ýöíåö ØóæóÇÆöÝõ¡ ßóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
ÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÝúÙõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ æóßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö¡ æóßóáóÝúÙö ÇáÐøóÇÊö æóÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõãú: ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈò æóãõãúßöäò¡ Ãóæú ÞóÏöíãò æóãõÍúÏóËò - ßóÇäó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáößõãú: ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈóÉò æóãõãúßöäóÉò¡ Ãóæú Åöáóì ÞóÏöíãóÉò æóãõÍúÏóËóÉò¡ æóÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáöåöãú: ÇáÐøóÇÊõ ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáöåöãú: ÇáÔøóíúÁõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈò æóãõãúßöäò¡ æóÞóÏöíãò æóÍóÇÏöËò.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõãú: íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ãóæö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö (2) ¡ æóíóãúÊóÇÒõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ
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(1) ã: æóÇáúãõÊóÝóÇÖöáóÉö.
(2) ã: Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.(8/33)
Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö (1) - ßóÇäó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö (2) ¡ æóíóãúÊóÇÒõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ãóæö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö (3) .
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøö Çáúßõáøöíøö¡ æóÇãúÊóÇÒó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÎõÕøõåõ.
Þöíáó: æóßóÐóáößó íõÞóÇáõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÇãúÊóÇÒó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáøóÐöí íóÎõÕøõåõ ; ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÍöíäóÆöÐò Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ ßõáøöíøðÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ (4) ¡ ßóÇáúÌöäúÓö æóÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ãõãóíøóÒðÇ ÌõÒúÆöíøðÇ¡ ßóÇáúÝóÕúáö æóÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö. áóßöäú ÚóãóÏúÊõãú Åöáóì ÔóíúÆóíúäö ãõÊóÓóÇæöíóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÚõãõæãö æóÇáúÎõÕõæÕö¡ ÝóÞóÏøóÑúÊõãú ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö Úõãõæãöåö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑó Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÎõÕõæÕöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíÑößõãú¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ßóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãõÓóÇæò áöáúÂÎóÑö Ýöí Úõãõæãöåö æóÎõÕõæÕöåö¡ æóßóæúäöåö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ æóãõãóíøóÒðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ ÌöäúÓðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÑóÖðÇ ÚóÇãøðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ ÝóÕúáðÇ Ãóæú ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ÞóÏøóÑúÊõãú ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúãõÊóÓóÇæöíóíúäö ÚóÇãøðÇ æóÇáúÂÎóÑó ÎóÇÕøðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõãõ: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇäö íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÊóãóíøóÒó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÃóãúÑò ÂÎóÑó.
Þöíáó áóßõãú: ÇáúãõãóíøóÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÏðÇ (5) ÎóÇÕøðÇ¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøóåõ
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(1) ã: æóÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö.
(2) ã: æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö.
(3) ã: æóÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
(4) È: ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ßõáøöíøðÇ.
(5) ã: ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ(8/34)
íóßõæäõ ÔóíúÁñ ÎóÇÑöÌñ (1) Úóäú ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÍóÊøóì ÊõËúÈöÊõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäóÇäö íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ íóãúÊóÇÒõ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöíøóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì - ßóÇäó ÇáúãõãóíøóÒó ÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÊõåõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÎõÕøõåõ¡ áóãú íõÍúÊóÌú Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ÇáúãõãóíøóÒõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉö íóÚúÑöÖõ áóåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉõ.
æóáóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉó Ýöí ßõáøöíøò áóÇ íóÝúÕöáõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóæóÇÏøõ ÃõÎúÑóì. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßóáóÇãñ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Úóáóì ÛóáóØö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóäúØöÞö ÝöíãóÇ ÛóáöØõæÇ Ýöíåö Ýöí ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÊóÞúÓöíãö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÊóÑúßöíÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ãöäó ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóãóæóÇÏøö ÇáúÃóÞúíöÓóÉö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãóßúÊõæÈñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇäö íóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóãúÊóÇÒó Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãóæúÌõæÏò Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÊóÔóÇÈóåóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöåóÉö¡ æóäóÝúÓõ ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöíåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóäóÝúÓõ æõÌõæÏö åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÔúÑóßúåõ Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÝúÙõ " ÇáúæõÌõæÏö " (2) ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÔóßøößóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÊóÊóãóÇËóáõ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì¡ ßóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ÈóíóÇÖö ÇáËøóáúÌö ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóÈóíóÇÖö
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÔóíúÆðÇ ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ. æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: Åöäøóåõ íõæÌóÏõ ÔóíúÁñ ÎóÇÑöÌñ. . ÅöáóÎú.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö.(8/35)
ÇáúÚóÇÌö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö¡ æóÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ÓóæóÇÏö ÇáúÞóÇÑö æóÚóáóì ÓóæóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì Úõáõæøö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÚóáóì Úõáõæøö ÇáÓøóÞúÝö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÓöÚö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö æóÚóáóì ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúæóÇÓöÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÚóáóì Çáúãõãúßöäö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÚõÑúÌõæäö æóÚóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ Ãóæøóáó áóåõ¡ æóÇáúãõÍúÏóËö ÇáúãóÞõæáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃõÍúÏöËó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóÇáúÍóíøö ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÍóíøö ÇáúÞóíøõæãö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãõæÊõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
Èóáú ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ Çááøóåö [ÇáúÍõÓúäóì] (1) ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÓóãøóì ÈöåóÇ ÎóáúÞõåõ¡ ßóÇáúãóáößö¡ æóÇáÓøóãöíÚö æóÇáúÈóÕöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÚóáöíãö æóÇáúÎóÈöíÑö (2) ¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ßõáøõåóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö æóãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö - ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóãóÇËöáóÉð Ãóæú ãõÊóÝóÇÖöáóÉð - Åöäøó ÃóÝúÑóÇÏóåóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÊú ÝöíåóÇ Ãóæö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó¡ áóãú íõÑóÏú Èöåö Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãóÚúäðì ÚóÇãøðÇ íõæÌóÏõ (3) ÚóÇãøðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåõæó äóÝúÓõåõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉó ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÊú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇãøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÚóÇáöãö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúÚóÇãøó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇãøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇááøóÇÝöÙö¡ æóÇáúÎóØøó ÇáúÚóÇãøó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇãøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÎóØøö ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö.
æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èößóæúäöåö ÚóÇãøðÇ Ôõãõæáõåõ áöáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉö¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ (4) äóÝúÓóåõ ÔóíúÁñ
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(1) ÇáúÍõÓúäóì: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÍóßöíãö.
(3) (3 - 3) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ã: Ãóäøó.(8/36)
ãóæúÌõæÏñ íóßõæäõ åõæó (1) äóÝúÓõåõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö¡ æóåõæó äóÝúÓõåõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ (2) ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÍöÓøö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÓöíäóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó áöäóÝúÓöåö åõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÓóáúÈö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö¡ áóÇ ÈöÌóÚúáöåö ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ (3) ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßö Úóäö ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáÓøöÌöÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö [æóÛóíúÑöåöãú] (4) ¡ æóÚóÈøóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ Úóäú Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ áöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ Ãóæú áöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÇÊö ; (* áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó íóÚúÑöÖõ áöáúãõãúßöäóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö äóÝúÓõ ãóÇåöíøóÊöåö.
æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÞõæáõæäó Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ãóäøó ÚöäúÏóåõ: åõæó æõÌõæÏñ ãõØúáóÞñ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÓóáúÈö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÇÊö *) (5) Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãóÇåöíøóÉñ Óöæóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö ÈöÇáÓøóáúÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõãú æóÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÝóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÊõãóÇËöáõ (6) ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ æóåöíó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ.
æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: åöíó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ ÈöæõÌõæÏò ÒóÇÆöÏò Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåóÇ.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " íóßõæäõ åõæó ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ã: ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ.
(4) æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) . æóÝöí (Ó) : æóÛóíúÑöåö.
(5) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóÇ íõãóÇËöáõ.(8/37)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÉõ áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöÃóäú íõÌúÚóáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÐöåúäöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúÂÎöÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáóÊö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇÓúãðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáÐøöåúäöíøõ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ ÇáÐøöåúäöíøóÉõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö ÝóÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ Ãóæúáóì.
æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑö ÇáÊøóÇãøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ áóãú íõãóíøóÒú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÓøóáúÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóíúäö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóÍúÖö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇãúÊöíóÇÒõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÝóÇÕöáõ Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóíúÆóíúäö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóíúäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóãúÑðÇ ËõÈõæÊöíøðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãõÊóÖóãøöäðÇ áöÃóãúÑò ËõÈõæÊöíøò.
æóåóÐóÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöÑøñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóäúØöÞö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ãõãóÇËöáðÇ áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõãúßöäóÇÊö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö (1) æóáóÇ íóãúÊóÇÒõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚóÏóãò ãóÍúÖò áóÇ ËõÈõæÊó Ýöíåö¿
Èóáú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö íóßõæäõ Ãóíøõ ãóæúÌõæÏò ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóßúãóáó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏó ãõÎúÊóÕøñ - ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö - ÈöÃóãúÑö ËõÈõæÊöíøò ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò ÚóÏóãöíøò¡ ãóÚó ÊóãóÇËõáöåöãóÇ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ãõãóÇËóáóÉó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö áöæõÌõæÏö ßõáøö ãõãúßöäò Ýöí
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(1) ã: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö.(8/38)
ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóãúÊóÇÒó Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúßóãóÇáõ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóãö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ áóÇ ßóãóÇáó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò íóãúÊóÇÒõ Úóäö ÇáúãõãúßöäóÇÊö ÈöÓóáúÈö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúßóãóÇáóÇÊö¡ æóÊóãúÊóÇÒõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúßóãóÇáóÇÊö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáúãõãúßöäóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúßóãóÇáö æóÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóæóÕúÝö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈöÇáäøóÞúÕö æóÇáúÚóÏóãö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãúÊóÇÒõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøóÉö (1) íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Èóáú áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÑóßó ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúæõÌõæÏõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßõáøöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉõ áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ËõÈõæÊóåõ (2) Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö åõæó ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøóÉö Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÓóáúÈöåóÇ (3) ÚóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúßöäðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¿
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúßõáøöíøõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÐöåúäöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøõ áóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøöíøðÇ¡ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ áóåõ æõÌõæÏñ íóÎõÕøõåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö.
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(1) ã: ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÏóãö.
(2) ã: ËõÈõæÊðÇ.
(3) Ó¡ È: áöÓóáúÈöåóÇ.(8/39)
ÝóËóÈóÊó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö - æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ - Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö áóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãóäú ÞóíøóÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøóÉö.
æóáóåõãú Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ áóÇ (1) ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøõæäóåõ Çáúßõáøöíøó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøó¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÅöáøóÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö (2) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúãõÈúÏöÚõ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÚóÑóÖðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãõÝúÊóÞöÑðÇ Åöáóì Çáúãõãúßöäö ÚóÑóÖðÇ Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö¡ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ åöíó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞóÉó áöáúÍóíóæóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉõ åöíó ÇáúãõÈúÏöÚóÉó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌõÒúÁó ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÚóÑóÖóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞó áóåõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ãõÈóÇíöäñ áóåõ ãõäúÝóÕöáñ Úóäúåõ ; ÅöÐú ÌõÒúÄõåõ æóÚóÑóÖõåõ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÎöáõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóíúÁö áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúãõÈúÏöÚó áóåõ ßõáøöåö (3) .
ÝóãóÇ æóÕóÝõæÇ Èöåö ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚóåõ (4) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ (5) áöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó (6) .
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(1) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÃóäøóåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ Ýöí (ã) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ.
(3) ã: ßõáøöíøðÇ.
(4) ã: ãöäúåõ.
(5) ä¡ Ó ÌóÇåöáðÇ¡ È: ÌóÇÚöáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ã: ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó.(8/40)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáöåöãú (1) ÊóÚúØöíáõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ æóÌóÍúÏõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö¡ æóíóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì ãõæóÇáóÇÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÚöáúãõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Åöáóíúåö íõÚúÒóì ; áöÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäó ÊöáúãöíÐóåõ Ýöíåö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö " ÇáúÈóÇÁö " ãöäú ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö ãöäú Ãóæøóáö Çááøóíúáö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: Ãóíúäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¿ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÞóáøó ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúáóãõ Èöåö ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Èöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö (3) .
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáöåöãú. . .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 179 (ã) - 180 (ã) .
(3) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÔóÑúØñ áöáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ".(8/41)
íõÐúßóÑõ ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò. æóåóÐöåö íóÑúæöíåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÌúåõæáóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ÈößóáóÇãò áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ßóáóÇãó Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ßóáóÇãöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÊóÍóÏøóËóÇäö¡ æóßõäúÊõ ßóÇáÒøöäúÌöíøö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóäúÞõáõæäó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (* áöíóÓúÃóáóåóÇ Úóäú Úöáúãöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøöÑøö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÔõãøõ ãöäú Ýöíåö ÑóÇÆöÍóÉó ÇáúßóÈöÏö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑöÞóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóÊóÒóæøóÌö ÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò *) (1) ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ Úóáöíøñ: ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊó ÚõãóíúÓò¡ æóãóÚóåóÇ ÑóÈöíÈõåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÊóÑóÈøóì ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ ÐößúÑõ Úóáöíøò. æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÚóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö. æóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóáöíáóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (2) ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÎóÑøóÌõæÇ ÍóÏöíËóåõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑõ ÃõÎöÐó Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (3) : ÃõÎöÐó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑöåö
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(1) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ã: ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(3) ä: Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Ó¡ È: Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ.(8/42)
ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÃóíúÏöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÊóÝúÓöíÑñ ËóÇÈöÊñ [Úóäúåõ] (1) . æóåóÐöåö ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ÈöÇáúÂËóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÝöíåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò Þóáöíáñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ Ýöí " ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö " ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÚóÇãøóÊõåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ßõÐöÈó Úóáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä Úáã ÇáØÑíÞÉ ãäÓæÈ Åáì Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÃóãøóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö ÝóÅöáóíúåö ãóäúÓõæÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉó ßõáøóåõãú íõÓúäöÏõæäó ÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉó Åöáóíúåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöáöÓóÇäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ Ýóßõáøõåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÚöÑúÝóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóíúäó ãóäú íõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÚöäúÏóåõãú - Åöáóì ãóäú íóäúÓõÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ áöÈóÇÓó ÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉö¿
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÕõæóÑößõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáößõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÞõáõæÈößõãú æóÃóÚúãóÇáößõãú» " (3) ¡ ÝóÃóíúäó ÍóÞóÇÆöÞõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ãöäú áöÈóÇÓö ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇäö¿
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(1) Úóäúåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 180 (ã) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/316.(8/43)
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÇáúÎöÑóÞõ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ¡ ÃóÔúåóÑõåóÇ ÎöÑúÞóÊóÇäö: ÎöÑúÞóÉñ Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÎöÑúÞóÉñ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÎöÑúÞóÉõ ÚõãóÑó áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóÇäö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ Åöáóì ÃõæóíúÓò ÇáúÞóÑóäöíøö¡ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏñ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉõ ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈóÉõ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ÝóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæäó íóÕöáõæäóåóÇ ÈöãóÚúÑõæÝò ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌõäóíúÏó ÕóÍöÈó ÇáÓøóÑöíøó [ÇáÓøóÞúØöíøó] (1) ¡ æóÇáÓøóÑöíøó ÕóÍöÈó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøó ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÝóíóäúÞóØöÚõ¡ ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÕóÍöÈó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ãõæÓóì ÇáÑøöÖóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõæäó áöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáö¡ ßóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäøóÝóåõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãóÚúÑõæÝò. æóãóÚúÑõæÝñ ßóÇäó ãõäúÞóØöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÑúÎö¡ æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæäõ ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóåõ æóáöíøó ÇáúÚõåúÏóÉö (2) ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÔöÚóÇÑóåõ áöÈóÇÓó ÇáúÎõÖúÑóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó æóÃóÚóÇÏó ÔöÚóÇÑó ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö.
æóãóÚúÑõæÝñ áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚõ (3) ÈöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ æóáóÇ äóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ËöÞóÉñ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Èöåö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈóæøóÇÈóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÕóÍöÈó ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóÇÆöíøó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö ãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøó ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóÇÆöíøó ÕóÍöÈó ÍóÈöíÈðÇ ÇáúÚóÌóãöíøó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ.
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(1) ÇáÓøóÞúØöíøó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: æóáöíøó ÇáúÚóåúÏö.
(3) ã: ÇÌúÊóãóÚó.(8/44)
æóÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó ÍóÈöíÈðÇ ÇáúÚóÌóãöíøó ÕóÍöÈó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó (1) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈñ¡ ßóËöíÑõæäó ãöËúáó ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøö¡ æóíõæäõÓó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóãöËúáó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö æóÇÓöÚò¡ æóãóÇáößö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóÍóÈöíÈò ÇáúÚóÌóãöíøö¡ æóÝóÑúÞóÏò ÇáÓøóÈóÎöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö.
æóÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÕóÍöÈó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚú ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Úóáöíøò¡ ÃóÎóÐó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æõáöÏó áöÓóäóÊóíúäö ÈóÞöíóÊóÇ ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóåõæó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. ßóÇäóÊú Ãõãøõåõ ÃóãóÉð áöÃõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Íõãöáó Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ÕóÈöíøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ æóáóÇ áóåõ ÐößúÑñ.
æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÎóáó Åöáóì ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÞõÕøóÇÕó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäó¡ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó¡ ÝóæóÌóÏó ÞóÇÕøðÇ íóÞõÕøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÇÓúãõßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ íóÍúíóì. ÞóÇáó: åóáú (2) ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó:
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(1) ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ãóæúáóì ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æõáöÏó áöÓóäóÊóíúäö ÈóÞöíóÊóÇ ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 110. ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ãóäú ÕóÍøó áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Úóäúåõãú æóãóäú áóãú íóÕöÍøó áóåõ ÓóãóÇÚñ Úóäúåõãú æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÕóÍøó áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Úóäúåõãú. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ã [0 - 9] Þ 2 Õ 40 - 42¡ ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 1/71 - 72¡ ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/527¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/263 - 270.
(2) åóáú ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/45)
åóáóßúÊó æóÃóåúáóßúÊó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÈõæ: ÇÚúÑöÝõæäöí (1) ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÃõÐõäöåö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ (2) ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö.
ÝóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö " (3) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ Ïõßóíúäò (4) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÕöíäò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇäúÊóåóì Úóáöíøñ Åöáóì ÞóÇÕøò æóåõæó íóÞõÕøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÚóáöãúÊó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: åóáóßúÊó æóÃóåúáóßúÊó.
ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒõåóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáÑøõæóÇÓöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓóÏõ Èúäõ ÍõãúÑóÇäó (5) ¡ Úóäú ÌõæóíúÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö: Ãóäøó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÏóÎóáó ãóÓúÌöÏó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÕøñ íóÞõÕøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ åóÐóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÊóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÏóäöíøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ãóßøöíøöåö¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: åóáóßúÊó æóÃóåúáóßúÊó. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ åóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÇÚúÑöÝõæäöí ÇÚúÑöÝõæäöí ÇÚúÑöÝõæäöí.
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ãõÌóáøóÏðÇ Ýöí ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö (6) ¡
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(1) ä: ÃóÈõæ ÚóÑúÝõæäöí¡ ã: ÇÈõæÇ Úóäú Ýõæáöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõ.
(3) áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÓöÒúßöíäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ööãúäó ßõÊõÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö. ÇäúÙõÑú: ÓöÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì 1 Õ 298.
(4) ã: Ðõßóíúäò. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö " 8/270: " ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ Ïõßóíúäò æóåõæó áóÞóÈñ æóÇÓúãõåõ: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÏöÑúåóãò ÇáÊøóíúãöíøõ¡ ãóæúáóì Âáö ØóáúÍóÉó¡ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúãõáóÇÆöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóáõ " Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó 8/275 ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö æóÝóÇÊöåö æóåöíó 218 ÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ.
(5) ã: Èöäõ ÍóÑøóÇäó.
(6) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö: ÃóÏóÈöåö ÍößúãóÊöåö äóÔúÃóÊöåö. ÅöáóÎú " ÊóÃúáöíÝõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ ØõÈöÚó ÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö ÓóäóÉó 1350 æóãöäúåõ äõÓúÎóÉñ ÎóØøöíøóÉñ Ýöí ÃóíóÇ ÕõæÝúíóÇ ÑóÞúãõ 1642¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÓöÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì 4 Õ. 10.(8/46)
æóÕóäøóÝó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ Ýöíãóäú áóÞöíóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (1) . æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ãöËúáö " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ". æóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÓóÇäöíÏõ¡ ÝóÈóíøóäúÊõåóÇ áöíõÚúÑóÝó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö.
æóáóåõãú ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÂÎóÑõ (2) ÈöÇáúÎöÑúÞóÉö ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈóÉö Åöáóì ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÞóØöÚñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÚõÞöáó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõáúÈöÓõæäó ãõÑöíÏöíåöãú ÎöÑúÞóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõÕøõæäó ÔõÚõæÑóåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÔóÇíöÎö ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ãöäú ßõÊõÈò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ íõÚúáóãõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó (3) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ãóäóÇÞöÈöåö æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö.
æóÃóÖúÚóÝó ãöäú åóÐóÇ äöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáúÝõÊõæøóÉö Åöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÇáúãóÌúåõæáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåõãú ÐößúÑñ ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ßóÐöÈóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú Úóáöãó ßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ Úöáúãñ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ÃóÍóÏñ íóáúÈóÓõ ÓóÑóÇæöíáó¡ æóáóÇ íõÓúÞóì ãöáúÍðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöØóÑöíÞóÉò ÊõÓóãøóì ÇáúÝõÊõæøóÉó¡ áóßöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Èöåöãõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó¡ æóÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÊóÃóÏøóÈõæÇ Èöåöãú¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏõæÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÊóÎóÑøóÌõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóíúÏöíåöãú¡ æóÕóÍöÈõæÇ ãóäú ÕóÍöÈõæåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõæäó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
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(1) È: ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÃóÓóÇäöíÏõ ÃõÎóÑõ.
(3) ã: ÃóÎúÑóÌó.(8/47)
æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑöåö. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÝóÚó Èößõáøò ãöäúåõãú ãóäú äóÝóÚóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóßõáøõåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ïöíäò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóØóÑöíÞò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÓóÈöíáò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó Çááøóåó æóíõØöíÚõæäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ (1) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãóäú ÈóáøóÛóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÈöáõæåõ¡ æóãóäú Ýóåøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö (2) ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏõæåõ¡ æóãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÌóÇÈõæåõ.
æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú íóÌúÚóáõ ÔóíúÎóåõ ÑóÈøðÇ íóÓúÊóÛöíËõ Èöåö¡ ßóÇáúÅöáóåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÃóáõåõ æóíóÑúÛóÈõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóíóÚúÈõÏõåõ æóíóÊóæóßøóáõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÛöíËõ Èöåö ÍóíøðÇ æóãóíøöÊðÇ. æóáóÇ ßóÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÌöÈõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó¡ ÝóÇáúÍóáóÇáõ ãóÇ Íóáøóáóåõ æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãóåõ.
ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ Ïöíäõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú: {ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ÃóÍúÈóÇÑóåõãú æóÑõåúÈóÇäóåõãú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈðÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáóåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÚóãøóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 31] .
æóßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊóÚóÇæöäöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöËúãö æóÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö¡ ãõÊóæóÇÕöíäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ãõÊóæóÇÕöíäó ÈöÇáÕøóÈúÑö.
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(1) ã: æóíõØöíÚõæäó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. . .
(2) Ó¡ È: ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.(8/48)
æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÍóÇÌøö ; ÝóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ íóÞúÊóÏöí Èöåö ÇáúãóÃúãõæãõæäó ÝóíõÕóáøõæäó ÈöÕóáóÇÊöåö¡ áóÇ íõÕóáøöí Úóäúåõãú (1) ¡ æóåõæó íõÕóáøöí Èöåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÚóÏóáó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÓóåúæðÇ Ãóæú ÚóãúÏðÇ áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚõæåõ.
æóÏóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÇÌøö íóÏõáøõ ÇáúæóÝúÏó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÈóíúÊö áöíóÓúáõßõæåõ æóíóÍõÌøõæåõ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ ÝóÇáÏøóáöíáõ áóÇ íóÍõÌøõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÎúØóÃó ÇáÏøöáóÇáóÉó áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚõæåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÏóáöíáóÇäö æóÅöãóÇãóÇäö äõÙöÑó ÃóíøõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÚóåõ ÇÊøõÈöÚó. ÝóÇáúÝóÇÕöáõ Èóíúäóåõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÑõÏøõæåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 59] .
æóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóßóäõæÇ ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑó ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáÏøöíäó.
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö áóãú íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ÓóÇßöäðÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ßóãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì äõÙóÑóÇÆöåö¡ ßóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Ýöí ãöËúáö ÞöÕøóÉò ÔóÇæóÑóåõãú (2) ÝöíåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóåõãú ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóíõÕóáøõæäó ÝóÕóáóÇÊõåõ áóÇ ÊõÕóáøóì Úóäúåõãú. .
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÞöÕøóÉò íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú¡ È: ÞóÖöíøóÉò íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú.(8/49)
Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó¡ æóÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÚõãóÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó Úóäú ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó¡ æóÃóäóÓò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò¡ æóÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ æóÈöáóÇáò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÇáúÚõÈøóÇÏõ æóÇáÒøõåøóÇÏõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó Úóãøóäú ÔóÇåóÏõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ØóÑöíÞó Ãóåúáö ÇáÒøõåúÏö æóÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö ãõÊøóÕöáñ Èöåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¿
æóåóÐöåö ßõÊõÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ãöËúáõ " ÇáÒøõåúÏö " áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æó " ÇáÒøõåúÏö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ æóáöæóßöíÚö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóáöåóäøóÇÏö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÑöíøö¡ æóãöËúáõ ßõÊõÈö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÒøõåøóÇÏö " ßóÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " æó " ÕóÝúæóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö " æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÃõãõæÑñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáøóÐöí ÝöíåóÇ áöÚóáöíøò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÝöíåóÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóãõÚóÇÐò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö æóÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä Úáã ÇáÝÕÇÍÉ Úáí ãäÈÚå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóÃóãøóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉö Ýóåõæó ãóäúÈóÚõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 180 (ã) .(8/50)
Þöíáó: ßóáóÇãõåõ ÝóæúÞó (1) ßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö æóÏõæäó ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ æóãöäúåõ ÊóÚóáøóãó ÇáúÎõØóÈóÇÁõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÎúØóÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (2) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÎóØöíÈðÇ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÎóØöíÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ËóÇÈöÊõ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÔóãøóÇÓò ÎóØöíÈðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÎóØöíÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÓøóÇäõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóßóÚúÈõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÑóæóÇÍóÉó ÔõÚóÑóÇÁóåõ.
æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÎúØõÈõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍõÖõæÑöåö æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÓöãö íóÏúÚõæ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãóÚóåõ íóÎúØõÈõ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóíõÈóíøöäõ ÈöÎöØóÇÈöåö ãóÇ íóÏúÚõæ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóäóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÓóÇßöÊñ íõÞöÑøõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ æóßóÇäó ßóáóÇãõåõ ÊóãúåöíÏðÇ æóÊóæúØöÆóÉð áöãóÇ íõÈóáøöÛõåõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ãóÚõæäóÉð áóåõ¡ áóÇ ÊóÞóÏøõãðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ËóÇÈöÊõ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÔóãøóÇÓò íóÎúØõÈõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóÇäó íõÓóãøóì ÎóØöíÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö.
æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÃóÎúØóÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÎúØóÈó ãöäúåõ¡ íóÚúÊóÑöÝõ áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóØóÈó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóßóÔóÝó áóåõãú Úóäú ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóËóÈøóÊó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÖúØóÑöÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ; áöÚóÙöíãö ÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äóÒóáóÊú Èöåöãú.
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(1) ß: ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö Åöäøóåõ ÝóæúÞó. . .
(2) ã: ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(3) Ó¡ È: íóÚúÑöÝõ áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó.(8/51)
æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó åõæó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõåóÇÌöÑóíúäö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÞóÚóÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÇãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íõÎóÇØöÈõ (1) ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ùóäøó ãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì Ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ÈóÚúÏõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏõ.
æóßóÇäó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúæõÝõæÏö¡ ÝóíõÎóÇØöÈõ ÇáúæõÝõæÏó¡ æóßóÇäó íõÎóÇØöÈõåõãú Ýöí ãóÛöíÈöåö. æóáóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó. æóÎóØóÈó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö ÎõØúÈóÉð ÈóáöíÛóÉð¡ ÇäúÊóÝóÚó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑõæäó ßõáøõåõãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ßõäúÊõ ÞóÏú ÒóæøóÑúÊõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí ãóÞóÇáóÉð ÃóÚúÌóÈóÊúäöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÏøöãóåóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÃõÏóÇÑöí ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: Úóáóì ÑöÓúáößó¡ ÝóßóÑöåúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÛúÖöÈóåõ¡ ÝóÊóßóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúáóãó (2) ãöäøöí æóÃóæúÞóÑó¡ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò ÃóÚúÌóÈóÊúäöí Ýöí ÊóÒúæöíÑöí ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÈóÏöíåóÊöåö ãöËúáóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåóÇ " (3) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóäóÍúäõ ßóÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íõËóÈøöÊõäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕöÑúäóÇ ßóÇáúÃõÓõæÏö.
æóßóÇäó ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöíåö ãöäú ÃóÎúØóÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóÈúáóÛöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: ãóÇ Êóßóáøóãó ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÃóÍúÓóäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÊóãóäøóíúÊõ Ãóäú íóÓúßõÊó ; ÎóÔúíóÉó Ãóäú íóÒöíÏó ÝóíõÓöíÁó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÒöíóÇÏðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóØóÇáó ÃóÌóÇÏó - Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó. æóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÎõØóÈó ÒöíóÇÏò.
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(1) ã: íóÎúØõÈõ.
(2) ã: ÃóÍúßóãó.
(3) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/518¡ 4/365.(8/52)
æóßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÎóØöíÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÎúØóÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝõ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÎõØúÈóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ãöäú ãóÎúáõæÞò ÃóÝúÍóãó æóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ãöäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.
æóßóÇäó ÇáúÎõØóÈóÇÁõ ÇáúÝõÕóÍóÇÁõ ßóËöíÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÌóãóÇåöíÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö áóãú íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ.
ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " Åöäøóåõ ãóäúÈóÚõ Úöáúãö ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉö " ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó ÃóÎúØóÈó ãöäúåõ æóÃóÝúÕóÍó¡ æóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐú ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
æóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉõ ÇáÊøóÔóÏøõÞó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÚöíÑó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÌúÚó ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑö ÎõØóÈóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÊóßóáøõÝõ ÇáúÃóÓúÌóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóßóáøõÝõ ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøóì Úöáúãó ÇáúÈóÏöíÚö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÎõØóÈö æóÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö æóÇáÔøöÚúÑö.
æóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ãöËúáö Þóæúáöåö: {æóåõãú íóÍúÓóÈõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÍúÓöäõæäó ÕõäúÚðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßóåúÝö: 104] æó {Åöäøó ÑóÈøóåõãú Èöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö: 11] æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóãú íõÊóßóáøóÝú áöÃóÌúáö ÇáÊøóÌóÇäõÓö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÊóÇÈöÚñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÕõæÏò ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ßóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ÃóæúÒóÇäö ÇáÔøöÚúÑö¡ æóáóãú íõÞúÕóÏú Èöåö ÇáÔøöÚúÑõ.
ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌöÝóÇäò ßóÇáúÌóæóÇÈö æóÞõÏõæÑò ÑóÇÓöíóÇÊò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÓóÈóÃò: 13] ¡
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÇáÊøóÞúÚöíÑó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/53)
æóÞóæúáöåö: {äóÈøöÆú ÚöÈóÇÏöí Ãóäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌúÑö 49] ¡ {æóæóÖóÚúäóÇ Úóäúßó æöÒúÑóßó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÞóÖó ÙóåúÑóßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÍö: 2¡ 3] æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõáú áóåõãú Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÞóæúáðÇ ÈóáöíÛðÇ} ) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 63] ¡ åöíó Úöáúãõ ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí æóÇáúÈóíóÇäö¡ ÝóíõÐúßóÑõ (1) ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ãóÇ åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉð áöáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ (2) ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãóÇ åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí.
ÝóÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉõ ÈõáõæÛõ ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ Ãóæú ÛóÇíóÉö Çáúãõãúßöäö¡ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÈöÃóÊóãøö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö¡ ÝóíóÌúãóÚõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ Èóíúäó Êóßúãöíáö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏóÉö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÊóÈúíöíäöåóÇ ÈöÃóÍúÓóäö æóÌúåò. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú Êóßõæäõ åöãøóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ æóáóÇ íõæóÝøöíåóÇ ÍóÞøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÈóíøöäóÉö. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãõÈóíøöäðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö (3) ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ áóßöäú áóÇ Êóßõæäõ Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ãõÍóÕøöáóÉð áöáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÞóÇãö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÎúÈöÑõ ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Èóíøóäóåõ (4) æóÈóíøóäó ãóÇ íõÍóÞøöÞõ ËõÈõæÊóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÍóÞøöÞõ ãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Èöåö ËõÈõæÊõåõ.
æóÇáúÂãöÑõ ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóãóÑó æóáóãú íõÍúßöãú ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö¡ Ãóæú áóãú íõÈóíøöäö ÇáúÍößúãóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÍößúãóÉñ¡ æóÈóíøóäó æóÌúåó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóßóáøõÝõ ÇáúÃóÓúÌóÇÚö æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÌöäóÇÓö æóÇáÊøóØúÈöíÞö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ÝóäóÐúßõÑõ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóäóÐúßõÑõ.
(3) ã: äõØúÞöåö.
(4) ã: ÃóËúÈóÊóåõ.(8/54)
ÊóßóáøóÝóåõ ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö æóÇáúÎõØóÈóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúãõÊóÑóÓøöáöíäó æóÇáúæõÚøóÇÙö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÏóÃúÈö ÎõØóÈóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÇáúÝõÕóÍóÇÁö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóåúÊóãøõ Èöåö (1) ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ.
æóÛóÇáöÈõ ãóäú íóÚúÊóãöÏõ Ðóáößó íõÒóÎúÑöÝõ ÇááøóÝúÙó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò ãóØúáõæÈóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ ßóÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏö ÇáøóÐöí íõÒóÎúÑöÝõ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó æóåõæó ÌóÈóÇäñ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌöÏõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ¡ ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóãúÚóäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÇáúåóÌúæö¡ ÎóÑóÌó Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÝúÑóÇØö Ýöí ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÇáÊøóÎóíøõáóÇÊö æóÇáÊøóãúËöíáóÇÊö (2) .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÎõØóÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÞõáõåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö " ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÃóÌóáøõ æóÃóÚúáóì ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÖóÚõæÇ ÃóßóÇÐöíÈó æóÙóäøõæÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÏúÍñ¡ ÝóáóÇ åöíó ÕöÏúÞñ æóáóÇ åöíó ãóÏúÍñ. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ßóáóÇãó Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÝóæúÞó ßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúØóÃó. æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóæúÞó ßóáóÇãöåö¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞñ.
æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãõ ÈóÔöíÑò (3) íõÔúÈöåõ ÈöæóÌúåò ãóÇ ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóäúÒöÚõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö ãóÇ Ýöí äõÝõæÓö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö. æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Úóáöíøò ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó " äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö " æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö
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(1) ã: ãöãøóÇ íõÊøóåóãõ Èöåö. . .
(2) È: Ãóæö ÇáÊøóãúËöíáóÇÊö.
(3) ã: ÊóÈúÔöíÑò¡ È: ÈóÔóÑò.(8/55)
ÝóÌóÚóáõæåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö Úóáöíøò¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõÍúßóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ Êóßóáøóãó Èöåö¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ßóáóÇãñ ÍóÞøñ íóáöíÞõ Èöåö Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó Èöåö¡ æóáóßöäú åõæó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö " ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÈúíöíäö " áöáúÌóÇÍöÙö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ßóáóÇãñ ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ " äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö " íóÌúÚóáõåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØóÈõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö " áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ßõáøõåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö ; áóßóÇäóÊú ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö¡ ãóäúÞõæáóÉð Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ãóäú áóåõ ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåóÇ - Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑóåóÇ - áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáúíõÈóíøöäö ÇáäøóÇÞöáõ áóåóÇ Ýöí Ãóíøö ßöÊóÇÈò ÐõßöÑó Ðóáößó¿ æóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¿ æóãóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ¿ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÏøóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉõ áóÇ íóÚúÌöÒõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ.
æóãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ØóÑöíÞóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ æóÊóÈóíøõäö ÕöÏúÞöåóÇ ãöäú ßóÐöÈöåóÇ¡ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÞõáõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö Èóíúäó ÕöÏúÞöåóÇ æóßóÐöÈöåóÇ.
[ÝÕá äÞá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Þæá Úáí Óáæäí ÞÈá Ãä ÊÝÞÏæäí æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóÞóÇáó (2) : Óóáõæäöí ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÝúÞöÏõæäöí¡ Óóáõæäöí Úóäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ".
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 180 (ã) .
(2) ß: æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(8/56)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóãó¡ æóÚóÑóÝõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝó. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÝúÊöíóåõãú æóíõÚóáøöãóåõãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áóåõãú Ðóáößó áöíõÚóáøöãóåõãú æóíõÝúÊöíóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÃóÎøóÑóÊú ÍóíóÇÊõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì Úöáúãöåöãú¡ äóÞóáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð áóãú íóäúÞõáúåóÇ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÓúÊóÛúäöíäó Úóäú äóÞúáöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÞóÏú ÚóáöãõæåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÚóáöãõæåóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÑúæóì áöÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÃóäóÓò¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑò æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáóÇ íõÑúæóì áöÚóáöíøò æóáóÇ áöÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú¡ áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóíúåöãú ; áößóæúäöåöãú ÊóÃóÎøóÑóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõãú¡ æóÃóÏúÑóßóåõãú ãóäú áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ; ÝóÇÍúÊóÇÌõæÇ Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõæåõãú¡ æóÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÃõæáóÆößó Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãõæåõãú æóíõÍóÏøöËõæåõãú.
ÝóÞóæúáõ Úóáöíøò áöãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö: " Óóáõæäöí " åõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ áóãú íóÞõáú åóÐóÇ áöÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóãõÚóÇÐò¡ æóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ æóÓóáúãóÇäó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Ðóáößó áöÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú íóÓúÃóáõåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÓúÃóáúåõ ÞóØøõ áóÇ ãõÚóÇÐñ æóáóÇ ÃõÈóíøñ æóáóÇ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÝúÊöíåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝúÊöí¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÝúÊöí ÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ(8/57)
íõÔóÇæöÑóÇäöåö ßóãóÇ íõÔóÇæöÑóÇäö ÃóãúËóÇáóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íõÔóÇæöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áöÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóØöáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì æóáöÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó íóÏúÎõáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÚóåõãú¡ ãóÚó ÕöÛóÑö Óöäøöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóÏóÍóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÃóãúÑõåõãú ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 38] .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó æóÍõßúãõåõ æóÓöíóÇÓóÊõåõ ãöäú ÃóÓóÏøö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÑõÆöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöËúáõåõ [ÞóØøõ] (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ æóÇäúÊóÔóÑó æóÚóÒøó ßóÙõåõæÑöåö æóÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåö æóÚöÒøöåö Ýöí Òóãóäöåö. æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÓøóÑó ßöÓúÑóì¡ æóÞóÕóÑó ÞóíúÕóÑó æóÇáÑøõæãó æóÇáúÝõÑúÓó¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑõåõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóíúÔö ÇáÔøóÇãöíøö ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÌóíúÔö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøö ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áöÃóÍóÏò - ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ãöËúáõ ÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö æóäõæøóÇÈöåö¡ æóÚõãøóÇáöåö æóÌõäúÏöåö¡ æóÃóåúáö ÔöæÑóÇåõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " ÃóäóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöØõÑõÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ".
ßóáóÇãñ ÈóÇØöáñ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÚóÇÞöáñ¡ æóáóãú íóÕúÚóÏú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÈóÏóäöåö Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ãöÚúÑóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åóáú åõæó ÈöÈóÏóäöåö Ãóæú ÈöÑõæÍöåö¿ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÈóÏóäöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íõäóÇÒóÚó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúÑõÌú ÈöÈóÏóäöåö.
æóãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÖøõáøóÇáö¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö.
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(1) ÞóØøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .(8/58)
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊõ ßõáøõåóÇ ßõÝúÑñ Èóíøöäñ¡ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ ÃóæúáóÇÏö ãóíúãõæäó ÇáúÞóÏøóÇÍö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó ÌóÏøõåõãú íóåõæÏöíøðÇ ÑóÈöíÈðÇ áöãóÌõæÓöíøò¡ æóÒóÚóãõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóæúáóÇÏõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãú Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó Ãóæö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó¡ æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò äóÓóÎó ÔóÑöíÚóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóßóÐóáößó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó Ãóæö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö: ÅöãøóÇ ÇáöÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãú.
æóßóÐóáößó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö æóÇáäøõÓøóÇßö íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö äóæúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ [æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ÎóÇÊóãó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö] (1) ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóäóÍúæõåõ Ãóäøó ÎóÇÊóãó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ãöäú ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö.
æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóíúáóÓõæÝó ÇáúßóÇãöáó ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ æóäóÍúæõåóÇ åöíó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÓúÊóÊóÇÈõ ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÊóÇÈõ äõÙóÑóÇÄõåõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóæóÑóÏóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò ÝöíåöãóÇ.(8/59)
ãöãøóäú íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ßóÇÓúÊöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõÙúåöÑðÇ áöÐóáößó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö Ãóåúáö ÇáÒøóäúÏóÞóÉö æóÇáäøöÝóÇÞö.
æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ Ðóáößó áöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: ÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäöåö ÍóÏöíËó ÚóåúÏò ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ãóæú áöäóÔúÃóÊöåö Èóíúäó Þóæúãò ÌõåøóÇáò íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó - ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú íóÌúåóáõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÑóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÊóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö - ßóÇáÒøöäóÇ æóÇáúÎóãúÑö - ãõÈóÇÍñ áöáúÎóÇÕøóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ æóÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ßóáóÇãò Ãóæú ÊóÕóæøõÝò Ãóæú ÊóÝóáúÓõÝò¡ æóåöíó ãóÞóÇáóÇÊñ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ ãóÚúáõæãóÉõ ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÈõØúáóÇäõåóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáúÚöáúãö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚáíÇ ßÇä ãÑÌÚ ÇáÕÍÇÈÉ Ýí ãÔßáÇÊåã æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóÅöáóíúåö íóÑúÌöÚõ (2) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Ýöí ãõÔúßöáóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÑóÏøó ÚõãóÑõ Ýöí ÞóÖóÇíóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó (3) ÝöíåóÇ: áóæúáóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóåóáóßó ÚõãóÑõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ íóÑúÌöÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö æóÍúÏóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ïöíäöåö áóÇ æóÇÖöÍöåö æóáóÇ ãõÔúßöáöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ äóÒóáóÊö ÇáäøóÇÒöáóÉõ
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 180 (ã) .
(2) ß: æóÅöáóíúåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÑóÌóÚó.
(3) ß: æóÞóÇáó.(8/60)
íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóíõÔóÇæöÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÒóíúÏó Èúäó ËóÇÈöÊò æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÔóÇæöÑó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÛóÑöåöãú ÓöäøðÇ. æóßóÇäó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ íóÓúÃóáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÃõÈóíøó Èúäó ßóÚúÈò ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÚõãóÑó ÊóÇÑóÉð.
æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÓõÆöáó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáúãõÔúßöáóÇÊö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú Úóáöíøñ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ áóßöäö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö ãóäú áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÚóáöíøðÇ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóãóÇ íóäúÞõáõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó ãöäúåõ¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö (1) æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú ßõáøóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó (2) ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäúåõãú. æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ëõãøó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäóåõ¡ ßóÇáúÚõãóÑöíøóÊóíúäö æóÇáúÚóæúáö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÈó Ýöí ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ Ãóæö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò (3) æóÃóÈóæóíúäö ÈöÃóäøó áöáúÃõãøö ËõáõËó ÇáúÈóÇÞöí¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ ßóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/513 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó ãóßóÇäóåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ (æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøõåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó) : ßõäúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÏöíËðÇ äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäöí¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó áöí ÕóÏøóÞúÊõåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóßóÇäó.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÇãúÑóÃóÉò.(8/61)
æóÚóáöíøò æóÒóíúÏò æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö. æóÎóÝöíó æóÌúåõ Þóæúáöåö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ; ÝóÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÃõãøó ÇáËøõáõËó¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ. æóÞóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó ÃóÕúæóÈõ ; áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÃõãøó ÇáËøõáõËó ÅöÐóÇ æóÑöËóåõ ÃóÈóæóÇåõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ æóáóÏñ æóæóÑöËóåõ ÃóÈóæóÇåõ ÝóáöÃõãøöåö ÇáËøõáõËõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 11] ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåóÇ ÇáËøõáõËó ÅöÐóÇ æóÑöËóåõ ÃóÈóæóÇåõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑúÖö ÇáÒøóæúÌóíúäö åõæó ãöíÑóÇËñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö (1) íóÞúÊóÓöãóÇäöåö ßóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÓóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáó¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö Ïóíúäñ Ãóæú æóÕöíøóÉñ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ íóÞúÊóÓöãóÇäö ãóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÃóËúáóÇËðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ÑóÏøó ÚõãóÑó Åöáóì ÞóÖóÇíóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉò ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ: áóæúáóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóåóáóßó ÚõãóÑõ ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ Åöäú ÕóÍøó Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íóÞõæáõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ áöãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò.
ÞóÇáó áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÚóÇÑóÖóÊúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞö: ÑóÌõáñ ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú. æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞó íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÒóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÕóÏóÇÞö ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóäóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóì ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÃóÞóáøóåõ ãõÞóÏøóÑñ ÈöäöÕóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö. æóÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ ÞóÏú ÈóÐóáóåõ ÇáÒøóæúÌõ æóÇÓúÊóæúÝóì ÚöæóÖóåõ (2) ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ¡ ÝóíõÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö Ëóãóäõ (3) ÚóÕöíÑö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÇÚóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ¡
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(1) ä: åõæó ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËò Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ ã: åõæó ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáÒøóæúÌóíúäö åõæó ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö.
(2) ã: ÚóÑúÖóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Ó: ÝóíõÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö Ëóãóäõ. . .¡ È: ÝóíõÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ßóËóãóäö. . .(8/62)
æóÃõÌúÑóÉõ ãóäú ÃóÌøóÑó äóÝúÓóåõ áöÍóãúáö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó¡ Úóáóì ÃóÙúåóÑö ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
ÝóÅöäøó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóæúÝóì ãóäúÝóÚóÉð ãõÍóÑøóãóÉð ÈöÚöæóÖöåóÇ¡ ßóÇáøóÐöí íóÒúäöí ÈöÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÈöÇáúÌõÚúáö¡ Ãóæú íóÓúÊóãöÚõ ÇáúãóáóÇåöíó ÈöÇáúÌõÚúáö¡ Ãóæú íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÈöÇáúÌõÚúáö¡ Åöäú ÃõÚöíÏó Åöáóíúåö ÌõÚúáõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÖóÇÁö ÛóÑóÖöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí ÅöÚóÇäóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóØúáõÈõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÚöæóÖö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáóÊú áóåõ åöíó æóÇáúÚöæóÖõ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÈúáóÛó Ýöí ÅöÚóÇäóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöËúãö æóÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÚúØöíó Ðóáößó áöáúÈóÇÆöÚö æóÇáúãõÄóÌøöÑö ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃõÈöíÍó áóåõ ÇáúÚöæóÖõ ÇáúÎóÈöíËõ¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ãóÕúÑõæÝõ (1) åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáö Ýöí ãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÚõãóÑõ ÅöãóÇãñ ÚóÏúáñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó Úóáóì ÇáúãóåúÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö íóßõæäõ åóßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÚóÇÑóÖóÊúåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ æóÞóÇáóÊú: áöãó ÊóãúäóÚúäóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃóÚúØóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÃóíúäó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂÊóíúÊõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõäøó ÞöäúØóÇÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 20] ¡ æóÑõæöíó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ: Ãóãöäúßó äóÓúãóÚõ Ãóãú ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¿ ÞóÇáó: Èóáú ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÑóÃóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ; ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÌõáñ ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú (2) .
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(1) È: ãóÕúÑöÝõ.
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÂíóÉö 20 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö 2/212 - 213) æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö áöáúÍóÏöíËö æóáóßöäú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõäóÇÞóÔóÉö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö áöÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ßóÇãöáðÇ æóÝöíåö ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ Þóæöíøñ " Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ØóÑöíÞóíúäö ÂÎóÑóíúäö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö. æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 285¡ 287¡ 340¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö æóÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö (ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - 2/277 - 278) . æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 4/74 (Ê 4) .(8/63)
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (1) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÚõãóÑó] (2) ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö¡ ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÎúÈöÑú ÈöãöËúáöåö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ØóáúÍóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó æóÞóáúÈöåö» " (4) .
ÞóÇáó (5) : æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ãóÇ äóÒóáó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóãúÑñ ÞóØøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ äóÒóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Úóáóì äóÍúæö ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ.
æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóÖóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó íóÞõæáõ Èöåö» " (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøó Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «áóæú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏöí äóÈöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑó» " (7) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöíãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö äóÇÓñ (8) ãõÍóÏøóËõæäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ. . .
(2) Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÚõãóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/56.
(5) Ãóíö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 5/280.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/191 - 192 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌö æóÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÊóÏúæöíäö ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö) .
(7) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/68.
(8) äóÇÓñ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .(8/64)
íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ» " (1) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò: ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ãõÍóÏøóËõæäó: ãõáúåóãõæäó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ãõÍóÏøóËõæäó: Ãóíú ãõÝóåøóãõæäó.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÚúÑóÖõæäó æóÚóáóíúåöãú ÞõãõÕñ¡ ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ ÇáËøõÏöíøó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíøó ÚõãóÑõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÞóãöíÕñ íóÌõÑøõåõ ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáÏøöíäó» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÃõÊöíÊõ ÈöÞóÏóÍö áóÈóäò ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøöí áóÃóÑóì (3) ÇáÑøöíøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÃóÙúÝóÇÑöí¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚúØóíúÊõ ÝóÖúáöí ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ". (* ÞóÇáó ãóäú Íóæúáóåõ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊó Ðóáößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÚöáúãó» " (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áóåõ: " «íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö *) (5) ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö ãóÇ áóÞöíóßó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÓóÇáößðÇ ÝóÌøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Óóáóßó ÝóÌøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÝóÌøößó» " (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: æóÇÝóÞúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò:
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/20
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/21
(3) Ó¡ È: ÃóÑóì.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/21.
(5) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/55.(8/65)
ÞõáúÊõ: áóæö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì ; ÝóäóÒóáóÊú: {æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 125] . æóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö: íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóì äöÓóÇÆößó ÇáúÈóÑøõ æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóãóÑúÊóåõäøó íóÍúÊóÌöÈúäó ; ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö. æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó äöÓóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÛóíúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: {ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøõåõ Åöäú ØóáøóÞóßõäøó Ãóäú íõÈúÏöáóåõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌðÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúßõäøó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 5] ; ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ßóÐóáößó " (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó ßóËöíÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúÍõßõæãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÛöÝóÉö (2) ¡ Ýóåöíó ãöãøóÇ íóÍúßõãõ ÝöíåóÇ - æóãóÇ åõæó ÃóÏóÞøõ ãöäúåóÇ - ãóäú åõæó (3) Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò. æóáöáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóÝóÇÑöíÚö ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÏøóÞóÇÆöÞö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ ãöäú åóÐöåö¡ æóáóíúÓõæÇ ãöËúáó Úóáöíøò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö (4) ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó (5) ¡
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/22.
(2) áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí (ß) Õ 180 (ã) åõæó ßóãóÇ íóáöí: " æóÃóæúÖóÍó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúßöáóÇÊö: ÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö ÔóÎúÕóÇäö¡ ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÑúÛöÝóÉò æóãóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ ÝóÌóáóÓóÇ íóÃúßõáóÇäö ÝóÌóÇÁóåõãóÇ ËóÇáöËñ æóÔóÇÑóßóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛõæÇ Ñóãóì ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãó¡ ÝóØóáóÈó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÎóãúÓóÉð¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíúåö ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøö¡ ÝóÊóÎóÇÕóãóÇ æóÑóÌóÚóÇ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÞóÏú ÃóäúÕóÝóßó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - Åöäøó ÍóÞøöí ÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóäóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÝóÞóÇáó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÎõÐú ÏöÑúåóãðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÃóÚúØöåö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíó ".
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ãóäú åõæó ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) Õ 181 (ã) : " æóæóÇÞóÚó ãóÇáößóÇäö ÌóÇÑöíóÉð áóåõãóÇ Ýöí ØõåúÑò æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÍóãóáóÊú¡ ÝóÃóÔúßóáó ÇáúÍóÇáõ¡ ÝóÊóÑóÇÝóÚóÇ Åöáóíúåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÍóßóãó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö¡ ÝóÕóæøóÈóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö -¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó ÝöíäóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ãóäú íóÞúÖöí Úóáóì Óõäóäö ÏóÇæõÏó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ íóÚúäöí Èöåö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö ".
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/376 - 377 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóáóÏö) æóäóÕøõåõ: " Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó ÞóÇáó ßõäúÊõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ËóáóÇËóÉó äóÝóÑò ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö ÃóÊóæúÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ íóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíúåö Ýöí æóáóÏò¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÉò Ýöí ØõåúÑò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÇËúäóíúäö ãöäúåõãóÇ: ØöíÈóÇ ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö áöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÛóáöíóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áöÇËúäóíúäö: ØöíÈóÇ ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö áöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÛóáöíóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áöÇËúäóíúäö: ØöíÈóÇ ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö áöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÛóáöíóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÔõÑóßóÇÁõ ãõÊóÔóÇßöÓõæäó¡ Åöäøöí ãõÞúÑöÚñ Èóíúäóßõãú Ýóãóäú ÞõÑöÚó Ýóáóåõ ÇáúæóáóÏõ æóÚóáóíúåö áöÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö ËõáõËóÇ ÇáÏøöíóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÞúÑóÚó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ áöãóäú ÞõÑöÚó¡ ÝóÖóÍößó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì ÈóÏóÊú ÃóÖúÑóÇÓõåõ Ãóæú äóæóÇÌöÐõåõ ". ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ: " ÇáúÃóÌúáóÍõ (Ýöí ÓóäóÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ÇÓúãõåõ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúßöäúÏöíøõ¡ æóÛóáöíóÇ: ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö: ÕóÇÍóÇ. æóÃóÕúáõåõ ÝöÚúáñ ãóÇÖò ãöäú " ÛóáóÊö ÇáúÞöÏúÑõ ÊóÛúáöí ÛóáóíóÇäðÇ. æóÝöí äõÓúÎóÉò: ÛóáóÈóÇ (ÈöÇáúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö) . æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÑöæóÇíóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì áöáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/150 - 151 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóáóÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöíåö. . .) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/373. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: " äóíúáö ÇáúÃóæúØóÇÑö " 7/78 - 80¡ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇááøöÚóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøõÑóßóÇÁö íóØóÆõæäó ÇáúÃóãóÉó Ýöí ØõåúÑò æóÇÍöÏò: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøó¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÃóÌúæóÏó ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö. æóßóÐóáößó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ Ýöí ãóÓúäóÏöåö æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: ÝóÃóÛúÑóãóåõ ËõáúËóíú ÞöíãóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö áöÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøõ: " ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúßöäúÏöíøõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÃóÌúáóÍö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ: áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÍóÏöíËöåö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÎõáóÇÕóÉö: æóËøóÞóåõ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÇáúÚöÌúáöíøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: íõÚóÏøõ Ýöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ: æóÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãõÑúÓóáðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÕóæóÇÈñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ: æóÞóÏú Êõßõáøöãó Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÍóÏöíËö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó¡ ÇäúÊóåóì. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö: ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó Úóäúåõ. æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÎóíúÑò Úóäú ÒóíúÏò Úóäúåõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö ÎóíúÑò ÝóÑöÌóÇáõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ËöÞóÇÊñ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáõ. ÇäúÊóåóì æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÎúáõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö ãöäú ÚöáøóÉò¡ ÝóÇáúÃõæáóì ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÃóÌúáóÍõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãóÚúáõæáóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö åóÇ åõäóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÝõ ßóãóÇ ÚóÈøóÑó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ¡ áóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÇáÔøóÇÆöÚõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ".(8/66)
áóßöäøó ÌõãúåõæÑó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöåóÐöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ÊóÖúÚöíÝõ (1) ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ; Ýóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐú Èöåö¡ æóÞöíáó ÃóÎóÐó Èöåö. æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóæúÓóÚõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÃóÎúÐðÇ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÞóÖóÇÁö Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáÒøõÈúíóÉö (2) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ (3) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÝóãóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõãú áóÇ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈóáóÛóåõãú æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ãöäú ÓóÞóãöåóÇ¡ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöÛóíúÑöåö.
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(1) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÖóÚúÝö.
(2) ä: ÇáÑøõÈúíóÉö¡ ã: ÈóíúÊöåö¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáÑøõÊúÈóÉö. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ. æóÇáÒøõÈúíóÉõ - ßóãóÇ ÔóÑóÍóåóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÍõÝóíúÑóÉñ ÊõÍúÝóÑõ áöáúÃóÓóÏö æóÇáÕøóíúÏö¡ æóíõÛóØøóì ÑóÃúÓõåóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊõÑõåóÇ áöíóÞóÚó ÝöíåóÇ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/24¡ 25¡ 236¡ 327 - 328 æóäóÕøõåõ (2/24) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓöãóÇßñ¡ Úóäú ÍóäóÔò¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ÈóÚóËóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÝóÇäúÊóåóíúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãò ÞóÏú ÈóäóæúÇ ÒõÈúíóÉð áöáúÃóÓóÏö¡ ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ åõãú ßóÐóáößó íóÊóÏóÇÝóÚõæäó ÅöÐú ÓóÞóØó ÑóÌõáñ¡ ÝóÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÂÎóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÂÎóÑó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð¡ ÝóÌóÑóÍóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÓóÏõ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÏóÈó áóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÍóÑúÈóÉò ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ æóãóÇÊõæÇ ãöäú ÌöÑóÇÍóÊöåöãú ßõáøõåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇãõæÇ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Åöáóì ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌõæÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó áöíóÞúÊóÊöáõæÇ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãú Úóáöíøñ Úóáóì ÊóÝöíÆóÉö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÊõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú ÊóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Íóíøñ¿ ! Åöäøöí ÃóÞúÖöí Èóíúäóßõãú ÞóÖóÇÁð Åöäú ÑóÖöíÊõãú Ýóåõæó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÍóÌóÒó ÈóÚúÖõßõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò ÍóÊøóì ÊóÃúÊõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóíóßõæäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÖöí Èóíúäóßõãú¡ Ýóãóäú ÚóÏóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ÍóÞøó áóåõ¡ ÇÌúãóÚõæÇ ãöäú ÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÝóÑõæÇ ÇáúÈöÆúÑó ÑõÈõÚó ÇáÏøöíóÉö æóËõáõËó ÇáÏøöíóÉö æóäöÕúÝó ÇáÏøöíóÉö æóÇáÏøöíóÉó ßóÇãöáóÉð¡ ÝóáöáúÃóæøóáö ÇáÑøõÈõÚõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ åóáóßó ãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ¡ æóáöáËøóÇäöí ËõáõËõ ÇáÏøöíóÉö¡ æóáöáËøóÇáöËö äöÕúÝõ ÇáÏøöíóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÈóæúÇ Ãóäú íóÑúÖóæúÇ. ÝóÃóÊóæõÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÝóÞóÕøõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÞúÖöí Èóíúäóßõãú¡ æóÇÍúÊóÈóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö: Åöäú ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÖóì ÈóíúäóäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÕøõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ". ÕóÍøóÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÓóäóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö: " Úóáóì ÊóÝöíÆóÉö Ðóáößó: Ãóíú Úóáóì ÃóËóÑöåö ". æóÞóÇáó: " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 6/287 ".(8/68)
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞúÖóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö " (1) ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú Ãõáúåöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ Íóßóãó ÈöÐóáößó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ (2) áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúÖöí ÈöäóÍúæò ãöãøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÖóíúÊõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÃóÎöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÃúÎõÐúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúØóÚõ áóåõ ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» " (3) . ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÞúÖöí ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöáúåóÇãõ ØóÑöíÞðÇ áóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõæÍöí Åöáóíúåö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÍóÞøö ; ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöÞúÑóÇÑò¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóäúåóì ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãöãøóÇ íõÞúÖóì áóåõ¡ æóáóãóÇ Íóßóãó Ýöí ÇááøöÚóÇäö ÈöÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö ÞóÇáó: " Åöäú ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ßóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó áöáÒøóæúÌö¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ßóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó áöáøóÐöí ÑõãöíóÊú Èöåö " ÝóÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÚúÊö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " «áóæúáóÇ ãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö áóßóÇäó áöí æóáóåóÇ ÔóÃúäñ» " (4)
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(1) æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÞö ". . . ãóäú íóÞúÖöí Úóáóì Óõäóäö ÏóÇæõÏó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ íóÚúäöí Èöåö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö ".
(2) Ó¡ È: æóåóÐóÇ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/412.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/100 - 101 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóíóÏúÑóÃõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó. . .) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " Ãóäøó åöáóÇáó Èúäó ÃõãóíøóÉó ÞóÐóÝó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÔóÑöíßö Èúäö ÓóÍúãóÇÁó. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö. . . ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóÈúÕöÑõæåóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÃóßúÍóáó ÇáúÚóíúäóíúäö ÓóÇÈöÛó ÇáúÃóáúíóÊóíúäö ÎóÏóáøóÌó ÇáÓøóÇÞóíúäö Ýóåõæó áöÔóÑöíßö Èúäö ÓóÍúãóÇÁó " ÝóÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " áóæúáóÇ ãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö áóßóÇäó áöí æóáóåóÇ ÔóÃúäñ " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/369 - 370 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇááøöÚóÇäö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/12 - 13 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/668 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇááøöÚóÇäö. æóÇäúÙõÑú äóíúáó ÇáúÃóæúØóÇÑö 7/67 - 68.(8/69)
ÝóÃóäúÝóÐó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßõãú ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íõáúåóãõ ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøó ; ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõáúåóãðÇ åõæó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøóËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÝóÚõãóÑõ» . æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íóÌõæÒõ áöÚõãóÑó Ãóäú íõÝúÊöíó æóáóÇ íóÞúÖöíó æóáóÇ íóÚúãóáó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãóÇ íõáúÞóì Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÑöÖó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ÞóÈöáóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÑóÏøóåõ (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõßõæãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÊóáóÊú ÍöãóÇÑðÇ (3) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ
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(1) È: ÈöÇáÔøóÈóåö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò.
(3) áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö æóÇÞöÚóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) Õ. 181 (ã) æóäóÕøõ ßóáóÇãöåö: " æóÑóßöÈóÊú ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÌóÇÑöíóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÝóäóÎóÓóÊúåóÇ ËóÇáöËóÉñ¡ ÝóæóÞóÚóÊö ÇáÑøóÇßöÈóÉõ ÝóãóÇÊóÊú¡ ÝóÞóÖóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöËõáõËóíú ÏöíóÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÎöÓóÉö æóÇáúÞóÇãöÕóÉö¡ æóÕóæøóÈóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö - ". æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ýóåöíó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö æóäóÕøõåóÇ: " æóÞóÊóáóÊú ÈóÞóÑóÉñ ÍöãóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÑóÇÝóÚó ÇáúãóÇáößóÇäö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÈóåöíãóÉñ ÞóÊóáóÊú ÈóåöíãóÉð¡ áóÇ ÔóíúÁó Úóáóì ÑóÈøöåóÇ: Ëõãøó ãóÖóíóÇ Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÖóì ÈöÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ. Ëõãøó ãóÖóíóÇ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉõ ÏóÎóáóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Ýöí ãóäóÇãöåö¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÑóÈøöåóÇ ÞöíãóÉõ ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍöãóÇÑõ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ýöí ãóäóÇãöåóÇ ÝóÞóÊóáóÊúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÛõÑúãó Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -: áóÞóÏú ÞóÖóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ ÈöÞóÖóÇÁö Çááøóåö - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - ".(8/70)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Åöáóì äóÕøò¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöÔóíúÁò áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¿ Èóáö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåö.
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÞóÑøóåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ Íõãöáó Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö ßóÇäó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ ÌõÈóÇÑñ» " æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö æóÊóáóÞøöíåö ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö (1) ¡ æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö.
æóÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ ÊóÃúäöíËõ ÃóÚúÌóãó¡ æóßõáøõ ÈóåöíãóÉò Ýóåöíó ÚóÌúãóÇÁõ¡ ßóÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÇáÔøóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ. æóåóÐöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÑúÚóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÑóÇÚöí ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÝúáóÊóÊú äóåóÇÑðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÝúÑöíØò ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÏóÎóáóÊú Úóáóì ÍöãóÇÑò ÝóÃóÝúÓóÏóÊúåõ¡ Ãóæú
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/130 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÑøößóÇÒö ÇáúÎõãõÓõ) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ ÌõÈóÇÑñ¡ æóÇáúÈöÆúÑõ ÌõÈóÇÑñ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÏöäõ ÌõÈóÇÑñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÑøößóÇÒö ÇáúÎõãõÓõ ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (ÇäúÙõÑú ÝóÊúÍó ÇáúÈóÇÑöí¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 2355¡ 6913) . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí " 12/255: " ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ. . . ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉõ. . . ÌõÈóÇÑñ: ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÌöíãö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö¡ åõæó ÇáúåóÏóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÔóíúÁó Ýöíåö¡ ßóÐóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ æóÚóäú ãóÇáößò: ãóÇ áóÇ ÏöíóÉó Ýöíåö¡ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ. . æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÝóÓøóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉõ ÇáúãõäúÝóáöÊóÉõ ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú ãöäó ÇäúÝöáóÇÊöåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÛõÑúãó Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1334 - 1335 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌõÑúÍö ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁö. . . .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/273 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÚúÏöäö æóÇáúÈöÆúÑö ÌõÈóÇÑñ) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/77 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁó ÌóÑúÍõåóÇ ÌõÈóÇÑñ. . .) Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 5/33 - 34 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÚúÏöäö) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóãõæóØøóÃö ãóÇáößò.(8/71)
ÃóÝúÓóÏóÊú ÒóÑúÚðÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ÖóãóÇäñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÚóÌúãóÇÁõ áóãú íõÝóÑøöØú ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ÇáÖøóãóÇäõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó ; áöÞöÕøóÉö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÔö (1) ; æóáöÍóÏöíËö äóÇÞóÉö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÏóÎóáóÊú ÍóÇÆöØðÇ ÝóÃóÝúÓóÏóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÖóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóæóÇÔöí ãóÇ ÃóÝúÓóÏóÊú ãóæóÇÔöíåõãú ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ æóÞóÖóì Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóæóÇÆöØö (2) ÈöÍöÝúÙö ÍóæóÇÆöØöåöãú (3) .
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(1) ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ åõäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÅöÐú íóÍúßõãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúËö ÅöÐú äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö Ûóäóãõ ÇáúÞóæúãö æóßõäøóÇ áöÍõßúãöåöãú ÔóÇåöÏöíäó ÝóÝóåøóãúäóÇåóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó. . .) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö 78¡ 79] æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÊóíúäö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÈöÓóäóÏöåö Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÍóÑúËõ ÇáøóÐöí äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÛóäóãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÑúãðÇ äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÛóäóãõ¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÏóÚú Ýöíåö æóÑóÞóÉð æóáóÇ ÚõäúÞõæÏðÇ ãöäú ÚöäóÈò ÅöáøóÇ ÃóßóáóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÃóÊóæúÇ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ÑöÞóÇÈóåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ: áóÇ¡ Èóáú ÊõÄúÎóÐõ ÇáúÛóäóãõ ÝóíõÚúØóÇåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßóÑúãö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ áóåõãú áóÈóäõåóÇ æóäóÝúÚõåóÇ æóíõÚúØóì Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÛóäóãö ÇáúßóÑúãó ÝóíõÕúáöÍõæåõ æóíõÚóãøöÑõæåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÚõæÏó ßóÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó áóíúáóÉó äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÛóäóãõ¡ Ëõãøó íõÚúØóì Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÛóäóãö Ûóäóãóåõãú¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßóÑúãö ßóÑúãóåõãú. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔõÑóíúÍñ æóãõÑøóÉõ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏò æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ". æóäóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö Ûóäóãõ ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó Ýöí " ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö " (Õ 287) : ÑóÚóÊú áóíúáðÇ.
(2) ã: ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÍóÑóÇãö Èúäö ãõÍóíøöÕóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÚóäú ÍóÑóÇãö Èúäö ãõÍóíøöÕóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/403 - 404 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóæóÇÔöí ÊõÝúÓöÏõ ÒóÑúÚó Þóæúãò (ÇáúÍóÏöíËóÇäö ÑóÞúãõ 3569¡ 3570) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/781 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÝúÓóÏóÊö ÇáúãóæóÇÔöí) ¡ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 2/747 - 748 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÖøóæóÇÑöí æóÇáúÍóÑöíÓóÉö) . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -: " ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãóÇáößñ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò Úóäúåõ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ãóÑóÇÓöíáö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ æóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóÌóÑóì Úóãóáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóíúåö. ÞõáúÊõ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãóæúÕõæáðÇ Ýöí. . . " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/295¡ 5/435 - 436¡ 437.(8/72)
æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÖóãóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÌóÚóáõæåóÇ ÏóÇÎöáóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁö. æóÖóÚøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÍóÏöíËó äóÇÞóÉö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ÇÚúÊóÏóì¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÒóÑúÚö Þóæúãò¡ Ãóæú ÈöÞõÑúÈö ÒóÑúÚöåöãú (2) ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÏúÎóáóåóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÕúØóÈúáö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ÝóÃóÊúáóÝóÊúåõ¡ ÝóåõäóÇ íóÖúãóäõ áöÚõÏúæóÇäöåö (3) .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÞóÖöíøóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÇáúÍöãóÇÑö¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö áóãú íõÝóÑøöØú¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØõ
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóáøóì 8/146 (Ø. ÇáúãõäöíÑöíøóÉö 1350) : " æóáóÇ ÖóãóÇäó Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÌóäóÊúåõ Ýöí ãóÇáò Ãóæú Ïóãò áóíúáðÇ Ãóæú äóåóÇÑðÇ¡ áóßöäú íõÄúãóÑõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÈöÖóÈúØöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÖóÈóØóåõ ÝóÐóÇßó¡ æóÅöäú ÚóÇÏó æóáóãú íóÖúÈõØúåõ ÈöíÚó Úóáóíúåö¡ áöÞóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÇáúÚóÌúãóÇÁõ ÌóÑúÍõåóÇ ÌõÈóÇÑñ " æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó. æóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: íóÖúãóäõ ãóÇ ÌóäóÊúåõ áóíúáðÇ æóáóÇ íóÖúãóäõ ãóÇ ÌóäóÊúåõ äóåóÇÑðÇ. æóåõæó ÞóÖóÇÁõ ÔõÑóíúÍò æóÍõßúãõ ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö. æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÍóÏöíËö äóÇÞóÉö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö ÈöÃóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÖóì Ãóäøó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóæóÇÆöØö ÍöÝúÙóåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÚóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÇÔöíóÉö ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú ÈöÇááøóíúáö. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ (Èúäõ ÍóÒúãò) : áóæú ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞõæäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö Èöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ Úóäú ÍóÑóÇãö Èúäö ãõÍóíøöÕóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó Èúäö Óóåúáö Èúäö ÍóäöíÝò Ãóäøó äóÇÞóÉð áöáúÈóÑóÇÁö. . ÝóÕóÍøó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ áöÃóäøó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ áóíúÓó åõæó ÇÈúäó ãõÍóíøöÕóÉó áöÕõáúÈöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÍóíøöÕóÉó¡ æóÓóÚúÏñ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõãóÇãóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí ãõäúÞóØöÚò¡ æóáóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøöíäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáó æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏó ÓóæóÇÁñ Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ Èöåö¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóäóÇÞóÖõæÇ Ýöíåö ". Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÞöÕøóÉö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ æóÑóÏøó Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÇáó: " æóáóæú ÑóæóæúÇ Ðóáößó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÞóÇãóÊú Èöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ ".
(2) Ó¡ È: ÒóÑóÚó.
(3) ä: áöÚóÏóÇæóÊöåö.(8/73)
ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÏóÎóáóÊö ÇáúãóÇÔöíóÉõ äóåóÇÑðÇ ÝóÃóÝúÓóÏóÊö ÇáÒøóÑúÚó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö áóãú íõÛúáöÞú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈóÇÈó (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÏóÎóáóÊö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö (2) (* Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍöãóÇÑõ äóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÝóÑøöØó ÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö ßóÇäó ÖóÇãöäðÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö *) (3) ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÝúÑöíØö (4) ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ßóÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ (5) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ßóæúäó ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö ßóÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ãóÇ ÃóÊúáóÝóåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÑóÞóÈóÊöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÌõÈóÇÑðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú Íõßúãö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóãóäú äóÞóáó åóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞõáúäóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò: Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáó íóßúÐöÈõæäó ãóÇ íóÙõäøõæäóåõ ãóÏúÍðÇ æóíóãúÏóÍõæäó Èöåö ; ÝóíóÌúãóÚõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãóÏúÍö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÕöÏúÞó æóáóÇ Úöáúãó æóáóÇ ÚóÏúáó¡ ÝóíóÖöáøõæäó (6) Ýöí ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: {íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 35] .
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(1) Ó: ÝóÅöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóåóÇ áóãú íõÛúáöÞú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó¡ È: ÝóÅöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ áóãú íõÛúáöÞú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈóÇÈó.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ßóãóÇ áóæú ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÍöãóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÃóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) Ó: æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÝúÑöíØò¡ È: æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÝúÑöíØò.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ßóÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) ä: íóØöáøõæäó¡ ã: ÝóØóáõæäó¡ Ó¡ È: íóÙõäøõæäó. æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.(8/74)
[ÝÕá Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚáíÇ ßÇä ÃÔÌÚ ÇáäÇÓ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÈöÓóíúÝöåö ËóÈóÊóÊú (2) ÞóæóÇÚöÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÊóÔóíøóÏóÊú ÃóÑúßóÇäõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ãóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãó Ýöí ãóæóÇØöäó (3) ÞóØøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÈöÓóíúÝò (4) ÅöáøóÇ ÞóØøó¡ ØóÇáóãóÇ (5) ßóÔóÝó ÇáúßóÑúÈó Úóäú æóÌúåö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (6) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóãú íóÝöÑøó ßóãóÇ ÝóÑøó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóæóÞóÇåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö áóãøóÇ ÈóÇÊó Úóáóì (7) ÝöÑóÇÔöåö¡ ãõÓúÊóÊöÑðÇ ÈöÅöÒóÇÑöåö¡ ÝóÙóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (8) - ÝóÃóÍúÏóÞõæÇ Èöåö æóÚóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍõ¡ íóÑúÕõÏõæäó ØõáõæÚó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö áöíóÞúÊõáõæåõ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ; ÝóíóÐúåóÈó Ïóãõåõ áöãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÞóÇÊöáöíåö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊöãøó áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöËóÃúÑöåö ; áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ýöí Ïóãöåö¡ æóíóÚõæÏó ßõáøõ ÞóÈöíáò Úóäú ÞöÊóÇáö ÑóåúØöåö¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 181 (ã) - Õ 182 (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ËóÈóÊó.
(3) ß (Õ 182 ã) : ãóæúÖöÚò.
(4) ß: ÈöÓóíúÝöåö.
(5) ß: æóØóÇáóãóÇ.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÈöíøö.
(7) ã: Ýöí.
(8) ß: æóÙóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó - æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö - Ãóäøóåõ åõæó. . . .(8/75)
ÓóÈóÈó ÍöÝúÙö Ïóãö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÊóãøóÊö ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉõ¡ æóÇäúÊóÙóãó Èöåö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúãöáøóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÇáúÞóæúãõ¡ æóÑóÃóæúÇ (1) ÇáúÝóÊúßó Èöåö¡ ËóÇÑó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Úóäúåõ Íöíäó ÚóÑóÝõæåõ (2) ¡ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝõæÇ æóÞóÏú ÖóáøóÊú Íöíóáõåõãú (3) ¡ æóÇäúÊóÞóÖó ÊóÏúÈöíÑõåõãú ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ãöäú ÔõÌúÚóÇäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóãöãøóäú äóÕóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÈöÌöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö (4) ¡ æóãöäú ÓóÇÏóÇÊö ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö æóÌóÇåóÏó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóãöãøóäú ÞóÊóáó ÈöÓóíúÝöåö ÚóÏóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ Èóáú ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÝóÖúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÊóÚúíöíäò (5) áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó (6) ÇáäøóÇÓö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ß: æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: Íöíäó ÚóÑóÝóåõãú. æóÇáÊøóÕúæöíÈõ ãöäú (ß) .
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÍöíáóÊõåõãú.
(4) æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(5) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÊõÚóíøõäöåö.
(6) ã: ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó¡ Ó¡ È: Èóáú ÃóÔúÌóÚõ.(8/76)
æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÌúæóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÞóÏú ÝóÒöÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÐóÇÊó áóíúáóÉò¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó äóÇÓñ ÞöÈóáó ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ ÝóÊóáóÞøóÇåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÇÌöÚðÇ æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÝóÑóÓò áöÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó ÚõÑúíò¡ Ýöí (1) ÚõäõÞöåö ÇáÓøóíúÝõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: " áóäú ÊõÑóÇÚõæÇ ". ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáóåõãú æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÈúÑóÃó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: " ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáúÈóÃúÓõ ÇÊøóÞóíúäóÇ ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóåõæó ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ãöäøóÇ " (3) .
æóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ ÊõÝóÓøóÑõ ÈöÔóíúÆóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÞõæøóÉõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö æóËóÈóÇÊõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÎóÇæöÝö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÔöÏøóÉõ (4) ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáúÈóÏóäö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóÞúÊõáó ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóíóÞúÊõáó ÞóÊúáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: åõæó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÈóÏóäö æóÚóãóáöåö.
æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó Þóæöíøó ÇáúÈóÏóäö ßóÇäó Þóæöíøó ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ
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(1) ã: Úóáóì.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/39¡ 52 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóãóÇÆöáö æóÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáÓøóíúÝö ÈöÇáúÚõäõÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÝóÒóÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõÑúÚóÉö æóÇáÑøóßúÖö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÒóÚö) ¡ 8/13 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍõÓúäö ÇáúÎõáõÞö æóÇáÓøóÎóÇÁö æóãóÇ íõßúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎúáö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/1802 - 1803 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - æóÊóÞóÏøõãöåö áöáúÍóÑúÈö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/117 - 118 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáËøóÈóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/926 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝöíÑö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/147¡ 185¡ 261¡ 271.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/228 (ÑóÞúãó 1042) ¡ 2/343 (ÑóÞúãó 1346) æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ 2/64 (ÑóÞúãó 654) æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ßóÐóáößó.
(4) ÔöÏøóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(8/77)
ÊóÌöÏõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÊõáõ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóíõÞóÇÊöáõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ãóäú íõÄóãøöäõåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÝó ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÌõÈúäõ¡ æóÇäúÎóáóÚó ÞóáúÈõåõ. æóÊóÌöÏõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊó ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÈöíóÏóíúåö ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÎóÇæöÝö¡ ãöÞúÏóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóßóÇÑöåö (1) . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÎóÕúáóÉõ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÍõÑõæÈö æóÞõæøóÇÏöåö æóãõÞóÏøóãöíåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÃõæáóì ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÔõÌóÇÚó ÇáúÞóáúÈö ËóÇÈöÊðÇ¡ ÃóÞúÏóãó æóËóÈóÊó æóáóãú íóäúåóÒöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇÊóáó ãóÚóåõ ÃóÚúæóÇäõåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóÈóÇäðÇ ÖóÚöíÝó ÇáúÞóáúÈö Ðóáøó æóáóãú íõÞúÏöãú æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Þóæöíøó ÇáúÈóÏóäö.
æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó Ãóßúãóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏóÉõ Ýöí ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÈöíóÏöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃõÈóíøó Èúäó ÎóáóÝò¡ ÞóÊóáóåõ íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÈöíóÏöåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ. æóßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÌõãúåõæÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇäúåóÒóãõæÇ íóæúãó Íõäóíúäò¡ æóåõæó ÑóÇßöÈñ Úóáóì ÈóÛúáóÉò¡ æóÇáúÈóÛúáóÉõ áóÇ ÊóßöÑøõ æóáóÇ ÊóÝöÑøõ¡ æóåõæó íõÞúÏöãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Åöáóì äóÇÍöíóÉö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ:
«
ÃóäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóÇ (2) ßóÐöÈú ... ÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈú
»
ÝóíõÓóãøöí äóÝúÓóåõ¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÞóÏö ÇäúßóÝøõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÚóÏõæøõåõ ãõÞúÏöãñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÞúÏöãñ Úóáóì ÚóÏõæøöåö Úóáóì ÈóÛúáóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÂÎöÐñ ÈöÚöäóÇäöåóÇ (3) .
æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - æóÛóíúÑõåõ - íóÊøóÞõæäó ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóäøóåõ
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(1) ã: ãõÞúÏöãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóßóÇÑöåö.
(2) ã: ÈöáóÇ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÍóÏöíËõ ÛóÒúæóÉö Íõäóíúäò ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/63¡ 64.(8/78)
ÃóÔúÌóÚõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÞóÏú ÞóÊóáó ÈöíóÏöåö (1) ¡ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÔóÌóÇÚóÉó ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÓöíóÑóåõãú æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈóÇÔóÑó ÇáúÃóåúæóÇáó ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íõÈóÇÔöÑõåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÈõäú æóáóãú íóÍúÑóÌú æóáóãú íóÝúÔóáú¡ æóßóÇäó íõÞúÏöãõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÎóÇæöÝö: íóÞöí ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ íõÌóÇåöÏõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöíóÏöåö æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöãóÇáöåö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ãõÞúÏöãñ.
æóßóÇäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑöíÔö¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÏõæøó íóÞúÕöÏõæäó ãóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó ËóÇÈöÊõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ ÑóÈöíØõ ÇáúÌóÃúÔö¡ íõÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóíõÚóÇæöäõåõ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÏúÚõæ ÑóÈøóåõ æóíóÓúÊóÛöíËõ æóíóÞõæáõ: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÃóäúÌöÒú áöí ãóÇ æóÚóÏúÊóäöí¡ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú Êõåúáößú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÕóÇÈóÉó áóÇ ÊõÚúÈóÏú¡ Çááøóåõãøó¡ Çááøóåõãøó. . . " ÌóÚóáó (2) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÞõæáõ áóåõ: " íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö åóßóÐóÇ ãõäóÇÔóÏóÊõßó ÑóÈøóßó Åöäøóåõ ÓóíõäúÌöÒõ áóßó ãóÇ æóÚóÏóßó» (3) .
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö íóÞöíäö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóËöÞóÊöåö ÈöæóÚúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóËóÈóÇÊöåö¡ æóÔóÌóÇÚóÊöåö: ÔóÌóÇÚóÉð ÅöíãóÇäöíøóÉð (4) ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉö.
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(1) ÈöíóÏöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÌóÚóáó.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/130 - 131.
(4) ã: ÅöíãóÇäò.(8/79)
æóßóÇäó ÍóÇáõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Ãóßúãóáó ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö¡ æóãóÞóÇãõåõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ãóÞóÇãöåö. æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ - ßóãóÇ Ùóäøóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö - Ãóäøó ÍóÇáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóßúãóáó (1) - äóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú Ðóáößó - æóáóÇ äóÞúÕó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ Êóæóåøóãóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÈöÎóØóáò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ãóÑúÏõæÏò Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáóåõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö - ÌóÇãöÚðÇ ßóÇãöáðÇ¡ áóåõ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÞóÇãò ÐõÑúæóÉõ ÓóäóÇãöåö æóæóÓöíáóÊõåõ¡ ÝóíóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇáúÊöÝóÇÊó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÔöÑúßñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóãóÍúæó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÞóÏúÍò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÞóÏúÍñ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóíóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÌóÇåöÏó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóíõÞöíãó ÇáÏøöíäó Èößõáøö ãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌöåóÇÏöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóãóÇáöåö æóÊóÍúÑöíÖöåö áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóíóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÕóÇÑó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉó Èöåö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÝúÊöÍõ ÈöÕóÚóÇáöíßö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó (2) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáóÊú ÞõÑóíúÔñ - æóãóÚóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ - ÃóÎúÈóÑó (3) ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ÈöãóÕóÇÑöÚöåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÔóíúÈóÉó Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÃõãóíøóÉó Èúäö ÎóáóÝò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò¡
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÃóßúÈóÑó.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÝúÊöÍõ ÈöÕóÚóÇáöíßö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóíóÞõæáõ: " åóáú ÊõäúÕóÑõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÖõÚóÝóÇÆößõãú ". ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 4/483.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÞõÑóíúÔñ æóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó æóÃóÎúÈóÑó.(8/80)
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÝõáóÇäò " (1) ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö Ãóäøó Ðóáößó Óóíóßõæäõ¡ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì ÔóíúÆðÇ íóßõæäõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóÞúÖöíóåõ ÈöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò Êóßõæäõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ ãóÃúãõæÑöíäó Èöåö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ Èöåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉõ (2) ÈöÇááøóåö¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÈöãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ Èöåö¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ Óóíóßõæäõ ãóÇ æõÚöÏó Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó æóíõØöíÚõåõ¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøó áóåõ ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö.
æóÇáúÞóáúÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóÔöíóÊúåõ ÇáúåóíúÈóÉõ æóÇáúãóÎóÇÝóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÖóÑøõÚõ ÞóÏú íóÛöíÈõ Úóäúåõ ÔõåõæÏõ ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö¡ ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò æóÌöåóÇÏò ÈöãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö. æóãóäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó (3) ¡
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËñ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1403 - 1404 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò) Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóÇæóÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ. . ÅöáóÎú æóÝöí ÂÎöÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " åóÐóÇ ãóÕúÑóÚõ ÝõáóÇäò " ÞóÇáó: æóíóÖóÚõ íóÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ åóÇåõäóÇ æóåóÇåõäóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ãóÇØó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú (Ãóíú ÊóÈóÇÚóÏó) Úóäú ãóæúÖöÚö íóÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËñ ÂÎóÑõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 2/267¡ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò (ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ãõÕúØóÝóì ÚóÈúÏ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö) 2/392 - 393¡ ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/173 - 174. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó íõÔúÈöåõ ÎóÈóÑó ÑõÄúíóÇ Ìõåóíúãö Èúäö ÇáÕøóáúÊö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö (ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 2/270) ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ¡ æóÅöäøöí áóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáúíóÞúÙóÇäö¡ ÅöÐú äóÙóÑúÊõ Åöáóì ÑóÌõáò ÞóÏú ÃóÞúÈóáó Úóáóì ÝóÑóÓò ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÝó æóãóÚóåõ ÈóÚöíÑñ áóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÞõÊöáó ÚõÊúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÔóíúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò¡ æóÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÎóáóÝò¡ æóÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ. . ÅöáóÎú. æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉó ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉó áöÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 2/398 - 399.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉõ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóãú íóÏúÎõáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ãóÇ íóáöí: " áóÚóáøó " áóãú " ÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ ãöäú Óóåúæö ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - äóÇÞöáöåö ".(8/81)
áóãú íóãúäóÚú (1) Ãóäú íóÌöÏó ÈóÚúÖó Ãóáóãö ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÇáúãóÑöíÖõ ÇáøóÐöí ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÎúÈöÑó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÏóæóÇÆöåö ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó¡ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóÌöÏó ãóÑóÇÑóÉó ÇáÏøóæóÇÁö - ÝóÞóÇãó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó ÑóÃúÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÞõØúÈó ÑóÍóì ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ÈöÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóÇ (2) íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóÐóáößó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉõ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÊöí äóÒóáó ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÕúÑõ. æóãóÞóÇãõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ïõæäó åóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÚóÇæóäóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáÐøóÈøõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÈöÃóäøóÇ æóÇËöÞõæäó ÈöäóÕúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóåóáú ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóãú áóÇ¿ æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ Åöáóì ÕõÝõæÝö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áöÆóáøóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáøó¡ æóÊóÈúáöíÛõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöáøóÇ ÊóäúÕõÑõæåõ ÝóÞóÏú äóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ËóÇäöíó ÇËúäóíúäö ÅöÐú åõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 40] . æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÕõÑõæåõ ÝóÞóÏú äóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ËóÇäöíó ÇËúäóíúäö ÅöÐú åõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÑö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóæúÝõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóÇáúæóÒöíÑõ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóãöíÑö áóåõ ÍóÇáñ¡ æóáöáúÃóãöíÑö (3) ÍóÇáñ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö
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(1) È: áóãú íóãúäóÚúåõ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóÇ.
(3) ã: æóÇáúÃóãöíäö¡ È: æóÇáúÃóãöíÑö.(8/82)
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÔúÌóÚó ãöäúåõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóäóÒóáóÊú ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ äóÇÒöáóÉò äóÒóáóÊú Èöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóæúåóäóÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæáó¡ æóØóíøöÔóÊö (1) ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈó¡ æóÇÖúØóÑóÈõæÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈó ÇáúÃóÑúÔöíóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóæöíøö (2) ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö ÇáúÞóÚúÑö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõäúßöÑõ ãóæúÊóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÃõÞúÚöÏó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÏõåöÔó ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóäú íóãõÑøõ Úóáóíúåö æóãóäú íõÓóáøöãõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÖöÌøõæäó ÈöÇáúÈõßóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÞöíóÇãóÉñ ÕõÛúÑóì ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÐóáøóÊú ßõãóÇÊõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÞóáúÈò ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÝõÄóÇÏò ÔõÌóÇÚò¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌúÒóÚú¡ æóáóãú íóäúßõáú¡ ÞóÏú ÌõãöÚó áóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÈúÑö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÇÎúÊóÇÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: " ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Íóíøñ áóÇ íóãõæÊõ¡ {æóãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÃóÝóÅöäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó ÇäúÞóáóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈößõãú æóãóäú íóäúÞóáöÈú Úóáóì ÚóÞöÈóíúåö Ýóáóäú íóÖõÑøó Çááøóåó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓóíóÌúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 144] ¡ ÝóßóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóãú íóÓúãóÚõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóáóÇåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ (3) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó íóÊúáõæåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóØóÈóåõãú ÝóËóÈøóÊóåõãú æóÔóÌøóÚóåõãú.
ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: " ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóßõäøóÇ ßóÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íõÔóÌøöÚõäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕöÑúäóÇ ßóÇáúÃõÓõæÏö ".
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(1) ã: ÃõÐúåöÈó ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ æóØóÇÔóÊö.
(2) ÇáÑøöÔóÇÁõ: ÇáúÍóÈúáõ¡ Ãóæú ÍóÈúáõ ÇáÏøóáúæö æóäóÍúæöåö. . . æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÃóÑúÔöíóÉñ. æóÇáØøóæöíøõ: ÇáúÈöÆúÑõ ÇáúãóØúæöíøóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ ãõÐóßøóÑñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃõäøöËó ÝóÚóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì. .
(3) ã: ÊóáóÇåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò.(8/83)
æóÃóÎóÐó Ýöí ÊóÌúåöíÒö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ ãóÚó ÅöÔóÇÑóÊöåöãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ ãóÚó ÅöÔóÇÑóÊöåöãú Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÊøóãóåøõáö æóÇáÊøóÑóÈøõÕö¡ æóÃóÎóÐó íõÞóÇÊöáõ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íõÚóáøöãõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÌóåöáõæÇ¡ æóíõÞóæøöíåöãú ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÚõÝõæÇ¡ æóíóÍõËøõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÊóÑõæÇ¡ ÝóÞóæøóì Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úöáúãóåõãú æóÏöíäóåõãú æóÞõæøóÊóåõãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ - ãóÚó ßóãóÇáö ÞõæøóÊöåö æóÔóÌóÇÚóÊöåö - íóÞõæáõ áóåõ: íóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÊóÃóáøóÝö ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÚóáóÇãó ÃóÊóÃóáøóÝõåõãú¿ ÃóÚóáóì Ïöíäò ãõÝúÊóÑðì¿ Ãóãú Úóáóì ÔöÚúÑò ãõÝúÊóÚóáò¿ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇÈñ æóÇÓöÚñ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåõ.
ÝóÇáÔøõÌóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉõ ãöäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö áóãú Êóßõäú Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóßúãóáó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÊúáõ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑó Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÊóáó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóäú ÞóÊóáó ÃóßúËóÑó íóßõæäõ ÃóÔúÌóÚó¡ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÔúÌóÚõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò (1) - ÃóÎõæ ÃóäóÓò - ÞóÊóáó ãöÇÆóÉó ÑóÌõáò ãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉð¡ ÛóíúÑó ãóäú ÔõæÑößó Ýöí Ïóãöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏó ãóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúßóÓóÑó Ýöí íóÏöåö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ãõÄúÊóÉó ÊöÓúÚóÉõ ÃóÓúíóÇÝò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÊóáó ÃóÖúÚóÇÝó ãóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ.
æóßóÇäó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉö ÔóÌóÇÚóÉñ ÏöíäöíøóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÞõæøóÉñ (2) íóÞöíäöíøóÉñ ÈöÇááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóËöÞóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó íóäúÕõÑõåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóåóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ Èößõáøö ãóäú ßóÇäó (3) Þóæöíøó ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ áóßöäøó åóÐöåö ÊóÒöíÏõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÚóÇÒöÈò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÏöíäöíøóÉñ æóÞõæøóÉñ. . .
(3) Ó: áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ áóßöäú ãóäú ßóÇäó (æóÝöí ÇáúåóÇãöÔö: áóÚóáøóåõ: ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäú) ¡ È: ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäú ßóÇäó. .(8/84)
æóÊóäúÞõÕõ ÈöäóÞúÕö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãóÊóì ÊóíóÞøóäó Ãóäøóåõ íóÛúáöÈõ ÚóÏõæøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÞúÏóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÞúÏóÇãö ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÅöÞúÏóÇãöåöãú Úóáóì ÚóÏõæøöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóíúÞóäõæÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö: Ãóäøóåõãú ãóäúÕõæÑõæäó æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó (1) íóÝúÊóÍõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó.
æóãöäú ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ (2) Úóäú ÃóÔóÏøö ãóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò ÌóÇÁó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó íõÕóáøöí¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÑöÏóÇÁóåõ Ýöí (3) ÚõäõÞöåö ÝóÎóäóÞóåõ ÎóäúÞðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÏóÝóÚóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÑóÈøöíó Çááøóåõ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 28] (4) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÇááøóåõ. .
(2) ã: Èúäó ÚõãóÑó.
(3) Ó¡ È: ãöäú. .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/10 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö. . .) 5/46 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ áóÞöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöãóßøóÉó) ¡ 6/127 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö 11/143 - 144 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -: " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö (7: 292) ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö (3: 45 - 46) ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóíøóÇÔö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö: " ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ " íóÚúäöí Úóäú ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæöåö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ãöäú ÐóÎóÇÆöÑó ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËö 4535) ".(8/85)
[ÝÕá ÇáÔÌÇÚÉ ÅäãÇ ÝÖíáÊåÇ Ýí ÇáÏíä áÃÌá ÇáÌåÇÏ Ýí ÓÈíá Çááå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
æóãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÖöíáóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÚöäú ÈöåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ßóÇäóÊú: ÅöãøóÇ æóÈóÇáðÇ Úóáóíúåö Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÉö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑó äóÇÝöÚóÉò áóåõ Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõÞóÑøöÈõåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
ÝóÔóÌóÇÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÎóÇáöÏò æóÃóÈöí ÏõÌóÇäóÉó¡ æóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÔõÌúÚóÇäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÅöäøóãóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåöãú áöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÊöåöãú ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøõæÇ ãóÇ ÍóãöÏó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌöåóÇÏó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáúíóÏö (1) ¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÍõÌøóÉö æóÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæú ÔöÆúäóÇ áóÈóÚóËúäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÞóÑúíóÉò äóÐöíÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊõØöÚö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó æóÌóÇåöÏúåõãú Èöåö ÌöåóÇÏðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 51¡ 52] ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäú íõÌóÇåöÏó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÌöåóÇÏðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ (2) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉõ ãóßøöíøóÉñ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõåóÇÌöÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÄúãóÑó ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ (* æóáóãú íõÄúÐóäú áóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ (3) ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÞóáúÈö æóÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö *) (4) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö¡
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(1) ÈöÇáúíóÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) (2 - 2) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö. . .
(4) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .(8/86)
æóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóÅöáóì ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáúíóÏö. æóåõæó Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ÇáúãõØóÇÚö ÃóÍúæóÌõ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÈóÏóäö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ãõÞóÏøóãóÇäö Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÛóíúÑó ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÈóÏóäö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÍóÒúãò (1) : " æóÌóÏúäóÇåõãú íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÌöåóÇÏðÇ æóØóÚúäðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÖóÑúÈðÇ¡ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö. ÞóÇáó (2) : æóåóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌöåóÇÏó íóäúÞóÓöãõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãðÇ ËóáóÇËóÉð: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇááøöÓóÇäö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÑúÈö ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö. æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúíóÏö Ýöí ÇáØøóÚúäö æóÇáÖøóÑúÈö. ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏó ÈöÇááøöÓóÇäö áóÇ íóáúÍóÞõ Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑó. ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÝóÅöäøó ÃóßóÇÈöÑó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÈö ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Úóãóáò¡ æóáóíúÓó áóÚóáöíøò ãöäú åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑõ ÍóÙøò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú íóæúãö ÃóÓúáóãó ÚóÒøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ æóÚõÈöÏó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð (3) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö. æóÞóÏö ÇäúÝóÑóÏó åóÐóÇäö ÇáÑøóÌõáóÇäö ÈöåóÐóíúäö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö áóÇ äóÙöíÑó áóåõãóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÙøó áöÚóáöíøò Ýöí åóÐóÇ.
æóÈóÞöíó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÃúíõ æóÇáúãóÔõæÑóÉõ (4) ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó áöÚõãóÑó.
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(1) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÝöÕóáö " 4/211 - 212.
(2) ÇáúÝöÕóáó: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò.
(3) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÚóÒøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ æóÚõÈöÏó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöãóßøóÉó ÌóåúÑðÇ¡ æóÌóÇåóÏó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöãóßøóÉó ÈöíóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈó æóÖõÑöÈó ÍóÊøóì ãóáøõæåõ ÝóÊóÑóßõæåõ¡ ÝóÚõÈöÏó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ. æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ßõÊöÈó: " ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ". æóÝöí (È) : æóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑõ. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó " ÇáúÝöÕóáö ".(8/87)
ÈóÞöíó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáØøóÚúäõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÃóÞóáøó ãóÑóÇÊöÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈöÈõÑúåóÇäò ÖóÑõæÑöíøò¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ Ôóßøó ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕõ Èößõáøö ÝóÖöíáóÉò¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÌöåóÇÏóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÚúãóÇáöåö æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåö ÈöÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö ÇáúÃóæøóáóíúäö ãöäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó æóÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö (1) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÞóáøó Úóãóáöåö ÇáØøóÚúäõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉõ¡ áóÇ Úóäú ÌõÈúäò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÌóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞóÇØöÈóÉð äóÝúÓðÇ æóíóÏðÇ¡ æóÃóÊóãøóåõãú äóÌúÏóÉð¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÄúËöÑõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáó ÝóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ ÝóíõÞóÏøöãõåõ (2) æóíóÔúÊóÛöáõ Èöåö¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ (3) íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò - æóÛóíúÑóåõ - ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãóÚóåõ áóÇ íõÝóÇÑöÞõåõ¡ ÅöíËóÇÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÇÓúÊöÙúåóÇÑðÇ ÈöÑóÃúíöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÈö¡ æóÃõäúÓðÇ ÈöãóßóÇäöåö¡ Ëõãøó ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÔõæÑößó (* Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÍóáøö Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÏõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÏúÑóÉö.
Ëõãøó äóÙóÑúäóÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýöí *) (4) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ãöäó (5) ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáØøóÚúäõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ (6) æóÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏú ÈöÇáÓøõíõæÝö (7) Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõåõ ÔóÑößóÉó ÇáúÚöíóÇäö (8) ¡ ßóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÓóÚúÏò¡ æóãóäú (9) ÞõÊöáó Ýöí ÕóÏúÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ßóÍóãúÒóÉó æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö æóãõÕúÚóÈö Èúäö
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(1) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: æóÇáúÅöÏóÇÑóÉö.
(2) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÞóÏøóãóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ.
(4) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýöí.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóÇáØøóÚúäõ.
(7) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÈöÇáúÈõÓõæÞö.
(8) ã¡ ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÇáúÚöäóÇäö.
(9) ÇáúÝöÕóáó: æóãöãøóäú. . .(8/88)
ÚõãóíúÑò¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ãõÚóÇÐò æóÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÎóÑóÔóÉó (1) - íóÚúäöí ÃóÈóÇ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó - æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóÇåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÍóÙøò ÍóÓóäò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóáúÍóÞóÇ ÈöÍõÙõæÙö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ðóáößó áöÔõÛúáöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö ãöäú ãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãõÄóÇÒóÑóÊöåö Ýöí Íöíäö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈõÚõæËö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÈóÚóËó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Åöáóì Èóäöí ÝóÒóÇÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÈóÚóËó [ÚõãóÑó] (2) Åöáóì Èóäöí ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóãóÇ äóÚúáóãõ áöÚóáöíøò ÈóÚúËðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÍõÕõæäö ÎóíúÈóÑó ÝóÝóÊóÍóåõ (3) . ÝóÍóÕóáó ÃóÑúÝóÚõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö (4) áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÃóÞóáøö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ãóÚó ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÛóíúÑöåöãú ".
[ÝÕá ÇáÊÚáíÞ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÈÓíÝå ËÈÊ ÞæÇÚÏ ÇáÅÓáÇã]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÈöÓóíúÝöåö ËóÈøóÊó ÞóæóÇÚöÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (5) æóÊóÔóíøóÏóÊú ÃóÑúßóÇäõ ÇáÏøöíäö " (6) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ áößõáøö ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ Èóáú ÓóíúÝõåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÍóÇÑöËóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 4/59 ÃóÈóÇ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøó æóÞóÇáó: " ÇÓúãõåõ: ÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÎóÑóÔóÉó¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÈúäõ ÃóæúÓö Èúäö ÎóÑóÔóÉó " æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí " ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö " 4/59. æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 2/75 ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ÂÎóÑó ÇÓúãõåõ " ÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÎóÑóÔóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ " æóÞóÇáó: " ÂÎóÑõ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÃóÈöí ÏõÌóÇäóÉó ".
(2) ÚõãóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊøõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÕúáö 4/212.
(3) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÝóÝóÊóÍóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËó Åöáóíúåö ÞóÈúáóåõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Ýóáóãú íóÝúÊóÍóÇåõ.
(4) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ: ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÎóÇáöÕðÇ. . .
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. æóÓóÈóÞóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ. 95 æóÝöíåóÇ: ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
(6) ÓóÈóÞóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóÝöíåóÇ: ÃóÑúßóÇäõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóßóÐóÇ åöíó Ýöí (ß) .(8/89)
ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÊóËúÈöíÊö ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáøóÊöí ËóÈóÊó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ áóãú íóßõäú áöÓóíúÝöåö ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑñ¡ ßóíóæúãö ÈóÏúÑò: ßóÇäó ÓóíúÝðÇ ãöäú ÓõíõæÝò ßóËöíÑóÉò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò Ãóäøó ÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ßõáøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊöÓúÚó ÛóÒóæóÇÊò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÞöÊóÇáó ÇáÑøõæãö æóÝóÇÑöÓó¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áöÚóáöíøò ÛóÒóÇÉñ ÃóËøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑðÇ ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú ßóÇäó äóÕúÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöäóÕúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÇáúÍõÑõæÈõ ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóãöíÑó ËóáóÇËóÉñ: íóæúãõ ÇáúÌóãóáö¡ æóÇáÕøöÝøöíäõ¡ æóÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäõ. æóÝöí ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäö ßóÇäó ãóäúÕõæÑðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌóíúÔóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÖúÚóÇÝó ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáöíäó áóåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÙúåöÑú Úóáóì ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáöíäó áóåõ (1) ¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ÒóÇáõæÇ ãõÓúÊóÙúåöÑöíäó Úóáóíúåö Åöáóì Ãóäö ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó Åöáóì ßóÑóÇãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäöåö¡ æóÃóãúÑõåõ íóÖúÚõÝõ¡ æóÃóãúÑõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáöíäó áóåõ íóÞúæóì.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáöÇäúÊöÕóÇÑó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó äóÕúÑðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö áöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóáöãóäú ÞóÇÊóáó ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì Ïöíäöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: {ÅöäøóÇ áóäóäúÕõÑõ ÑõÓõáóäóÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóíóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáúÃóÔúåóÇÏõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 51] .
æóßóÐóáößó ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑõ ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóÇäúÊöÕóÇÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó äóÕúÑðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö áöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö.
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(1) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/90)
[ÝÕá ÇáÊÚáíÞ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ãÇ ÇäåÒã Úáí ÞØ]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ãóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãó ÞóØøõ ".
Ýóåõæó Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãó¡ ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãõæÇ ÞóØøõ. æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áöÃóÍóÏò (1) ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö åóÒöíãóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÔóíúÁñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú¡ Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóãú íõäúÞóáú.
æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ßóÇäóÊú áóåõãú åóÒöíãóÊóÇäö: íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóíóæúãó Íõäóíúäò. æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇäúåóÒóãó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ËóÈóÊóÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò æóíóæúãó Íõäóíúäò¡ æóáóãú íóäúåóÒöãóÇ ãóÚó ãóäö ÇäúåóÒóãó. æóãóäú äóÞóáó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãóÇ íóæúãó Íõäóíúäò ÝóßóÐöÈõåõ ãóÚúáõæãñ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÇäúåóÒóãó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. æóãóÇ äõÞöáó ãöäó ÇäúåöÒóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáÑøóÇíóÉö íóæúãó Íõäóíúäò Ýóãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÝúÊóÑóÇåóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑõæäó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " ãóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÈöÓóíúÝöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÞóØøó ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ËõÈõæÊõåõ æóáóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÄõåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ãóÚóäóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó äóÞúáñ íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö. æóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ Ýöí ÎóÇáöÏò æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÏõÌóÇäóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó æóäóÍúæöåöãú: Åöäøóåõ ãóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÈöÓóíúÝöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÞóØøó¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ÕöÏúÞõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáö ÎóÇáöÏò æóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ãóÇáößò Ãóæúáóì.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÎóÇáöÏñ ÓóíúÝñ ãöäú ÓõíõæÝö Çááøóåö Óóáøóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó» (2) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó Ýöíãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÓõíõæÝöåö: Åöäøóåõ ãóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áöæóÇÍöÏò.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/477.(8/91)
ÖóÑóÈó ÅöáøóÇ ÞóØøó (1) ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÎóÇáöÏò Ýöí ÇáúÍõÑõæÈö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú ãóäúÕõæÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóØóÇáóãóÇ ßóÔóÝó ÇáúßõÑõæÈó Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÔóÝó ßõÑúÈóÉð Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóØøõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ðóáößó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóåóãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÌöåóÇÏðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáøóÐöí ØóÇáóãóÇ ßóÔóÝó Úóäú æõÌõæåöåöãõ ÇáúßõÑóÈó.
áóßöäú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÏóÝóÚó Úóäúåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó Ãóäú íóÖúÑöÈõæåõ æóíóÞúÊõáõæåõ ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÌóÚóáó íóÞõæáõ: " ÃóÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÑóÈøöíó Çááøóåõ "¡ ÍóÊøóì ÖóÑóÈõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÚóáó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÃóÍóÇØõæÇ Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ÎóáøóÕóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæú Úóáöíøñ ÈöÓóíúÝöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó - æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ - ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ØóÇáóÚõæÇ (2) ÇáÓøöíóÑó æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöíó ÇáøóÊöí æóÖóÚóåóÇ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó æóÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉõ¡ ãöËúáó ßöÊóÇÈö " ÊóäóÞøõáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö " áöáúÈóßúÑöíøö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇáúÈóØøóÇáö æóÏóáúåóãóÉó æóÇáúÚóíøóÇÑö æóÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáÏøóäöÝö æóÇáÒøóíúÈóÞö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúßõæäóåóÇ Úóäú åóÇÑõæäó æóæóÒöíÑöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáØøóæöíáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æõÖöÚóÊú áöÚóäúÊóÑóÉó Èúäö ÔóÏøóÇÏò.
æóÞóÏú æóÖóÚó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ åõæó
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(1) Ýöí " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ": ÇáúÞóØøõ: ÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÚóÇãøóÉð ".
(2) ã: ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ØóÇáóÚõæÇ.(8/92)
ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåõ ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ãóÈöíÊöåö Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÃóÔúåóÑõ ãóÇ äõÞöáó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÐóÈøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ áóãøóÇ æóáøóì ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó¡ ÝóØóãöÚó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÍóÑóÕõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóØóáóÈó ÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÎóáóÝò ÞóÊúáóåõ (1) ¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóÔóÌøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÌóÈöíäóåõ¡ æóåóÔøóãõæÇ ÇáúÈóíúÖóÉó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö¡ æóßóÓóÑõæÇ ÑóÈóÇÚöíóÊóåõ. æóÐóÈøó Úóäúåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó Íóæúáóåõ¡ ßóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ÌóÚóáó íóÑúãöí æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ áóåõ (2) : " «ÇÑúãö ÝöÏóÇßó ÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí» " (3) .
æóæóÞóÇåõ ØóáúÍóÉõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ ÝóÔõáøóÊú íóÏõ ØóáúÍóÉó (4) ¡ æóÞõÊöáó Íóæúáóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
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(1) Ó: æóØóãøóÚó ÃõãóíøóÉó Èúäó ÎóáóÝò ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ È: æóØóãöÚó ÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÎóáóÝò Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö.
(2) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/39 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãöÌóäøö æóãóäú íóÊóÊóÑøóÓõ ÈöÊõÑúÓö ÕóÇÍöÈöåö) æóáóÝúÙõåõ: " ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÝóÏøöí ÑóÌõáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÓóÚúÏò¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÇÑúãö ÝöÏóÇßó ÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1876 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò. . .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/314 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò. .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/47 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. . ÝóÖúáõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò. .) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/91¡ 220 - 266 - 267.
(4) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/97 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐú åóãøóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ãöäúßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÝúÔóáóÇ. .) Úóäú ÞóíúÓò ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ íóÏó ØóáúÍóÉó ÔóáøóÇÁó æóÞóì ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò.(8/93)
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö «Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöÛóÓúáö ÓóíúÝöåö íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇÛúÓöáöíåö ÛóíúÑó Ðóãöíãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Åöäú Êóßõäú ÃóÍúÓóäúÊó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ» æóÚóÏøó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (1) .
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí: æÝí ÛÒÇÉ ÈÏÑ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóåöíó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö¡ ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÔóåúÑðÇ ãöäú ãóÞúÏóãöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (3) ¡ æóÚõãúÑõåõ ÓóÈúÚñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÞóÊóáó ãöäúåõãú ÓöÊøóÉð æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÈöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö¡ æóåõãú (4) ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú äöÕúÝö ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáöíäó¡ æóÔóÑóßó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóíøöäö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóì¡ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí. æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÞõÊöáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò áóãú íóÔúÑóßú Úóáöíøñ Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ ãöËúáó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò¡ æóãöËúáó ÃóÍóÏö ÇÈúäóíú ÑóÈöíÚóÉó: ÅöãøóÇ ÚõÊúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÔóíúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ÎóáóÝò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÈóÑóÒó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ËóáóÇËóÉñ: ÚõÊúÈóÉõ¡ æóÔóíúÈóÉõ¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ¡ ÝóÇäúÊõÏöÈó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/481¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/106 ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 182 (ã) .
(3) ß: ãöäú ÞõÏõæãöåö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó.
(4) Ó¡ È: æóåõæó(8/94)
áóåõãú ËóáóÇËóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóäú ÃóäúÊõãú¿ ÝóÓóãøõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú (1) . ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóßúÝóÇÁñ ßöÑóÇãñ¡ æóáóßöäú äõÑöíÏõ Èóäöí ÚóãøöäóÇ. ÝóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÈõÑõæÒö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " «Þõãú íóÇ ÍóãúÒóÉõ¡ Þõãú íóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉõ¡ Þõãú íóÇ Úóáöíøõ» "¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÕúÛóÑó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó åõæó ÇáúæóáöíÏõ¡ æóÃóÕúÛóÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÈóÑóÒó åóÐóÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ ÞöÑúäóåõ¡ æóÞóÊóáó ÍóãúÒóÉõ ÞöÑúäóåõ. Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó ÔóíúÈóÉó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉõ ÝóÌóÑóÍó ÞöÑúäóåõ¡ æóÓóÇÚóÏóåõ ÍóãúÒóÉõ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÞöÑúäöåö¡ æóÍõãöáó ÚõÈóíúÏóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö (2) .
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÞúÊõáú Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÅöáøóÇ äóÝóÑðÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøó¡ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò¡ æóÞóÈúáóåõ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ (3) ¡
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(1) ã: äõÝõæÓóåõãú.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 2/177. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/71 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/192 - 194 (ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 948) .
(3) ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ãöäú ãõÄóÑøöÎöí ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáúÃõãóæöíøö æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ (ÈöÇáúæóáóÇÁö) ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 119 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 195¡ ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãó ÇáÔøóÇãö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ ãöäú ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãöäú ßõÊøóÇÈö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÃóáøóÝó ÍóæóÇáóíú 70 ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãöäúåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí " æóÞóÏú æóÕóáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäúåõ ÞöØóÚñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö. ÇäúÙõÑú: ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 1/344¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 9/143¡ ÓöÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] ¡ Õ 98 æóáóßöäøó ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíøóÉó íõÍóÏøöÏõ áóäóÇ ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõåõ ÈöÇáúÃõãóæöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò (Õ. 116) ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÑóÌøóÍúÊõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóØóÃõ ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáäøõÓøóÇÎö. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ åõæó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäó¡ ÃóÈõæ ÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÇáúÃõãúæóÑöíøõ¡ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 114 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 194 æóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí " ÐóßóÑóåõ ÓöÒúßöíäõ ã 1 Ì 2 Õ 97 - 98¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö: æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 11/213 - 214 ÊóÐúßöÑóÉó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 1/325 - 326.(8/95)
ÌóãöíÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó äóÝúÓðÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóäúÝõÓò¡ åóáú ÞóÊóáóåõãú åõæó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÔóÇÑóßó Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉò. åóÐóÇ ÌóãöíÚõ ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó (1) .
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí: æÝí ÛÒÇÉ ÃÍÏ áãÇ ÇäåÒã ÇáäÇÓ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö ÃõÍõÏò áóãøóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÑóÌóÚó (3) Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÝóÑñ íóÓöíÑñ¡ Ãóæøóáõåõãú ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó¡ æóÓóåúáõ Èúäõ ÍõäóíúÝò¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈóÊú ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÑöíÖóÉñ. æóÊóÚóÌøóÈóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÔóÃúäö Úóáöíøò (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóåõæó íóÚúÑõÌõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö: áóÇ ÓóíúÝó ÅöáøóÇ Ðõæ ÇáúÝóÞóÇ Ñö æóáóÇ ÝóÊðì ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøõ
æóÞóÊóáó ÃóßúËóÑó (5) ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì íóÏöåö. æóÑóæóì ÞóíúÓõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò ÞóÇáó (6) : «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÕóÇÈóäöí
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇÈúäó åöÔóÇãò 2/365 - 374.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ. 182 (ã) - 183 (ã) .
(3) ß: ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - æóÍúÏóåõ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó. . .
(4) ß Õ 183 ã) : ãöäú ËóÈóÇÊö Úóáöíøò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.
(5) ß: æóÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÃóßúËóÑó. .
(6) ß: Ñóæóì ÞóíúÓõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó. .(8/96)
íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÓöÊøóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÖóÑúÈóÉð (1) ¡ ÓóÞóØúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚò ãöäúåõäøó¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóäöí ÑóÌõáñ ÍóÓóäõ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ ÍóÓóäõ ÇááøöãøóÉö (2) ¡ ØóíøöÈõ ÇáÑøöíÍö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöÖóÈúÚóíøó¡ ÝóÃóÞóÇãóäöí¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞúÈöáú Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇÊöáú Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóåõãóÇ Úóäúßó ÑóÇÖöíóÇäö. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: ÝóÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÎúÈóÑúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ ÃóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ æóáóßöäú ÔóÈøóåúÊõåõ ÈöÏöÍúíóÉó ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ ÃóÞóÑøó Çááøóåõ Úóíúäóíúßó (3) ¡ ßóÇäó ÐóÇßó ÌöÈúÑöíáó» " (4) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí åóÐöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúÚöÙóÇãö¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóäúÝõÞõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ íõÎóÇØöÈõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÎõÑóÇÝóÇÊö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ ÌóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÊóáó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì íóÏöåö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÂÝóÉõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÌóåúáõ. æóåóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö ÝóÊúÍñ¿ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÞóÏú åóÒóãõæÇ ÇáúÚóÏõæøó ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú æóßøóáó ÈöËõÛúÑóÉö ÇáúÌóÈóáö ÇáÑøõãóÇÉó¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÍöÝúÙö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóßóÇäö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÃúÊõæåõãú ÓóæóÇÁñ ÛóáóÈõæÇ Ãóæú ÛõáöÈõæÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÕóÇÍó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Ãóíú Þóæúãö ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉó! ÝóäóåóÇåõãú ÃóãöíÑõåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÑóÌóÚó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó
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(1) ÓöÊøóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÖóÑúÈóÉð: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ß) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö äóÞúáðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÓöÊøó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÖóÑúÈóÉð.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇááøöÍúíóÉö.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÚóíúäóÇßó.
(4) ß: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÌöÈúÑöíáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.(8/97)
ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãú ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÕóÇÍó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ: ÞõÊöáó ãõÍóãøóÏñ. æóÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãö äóÍúæõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÅöáøóÇ ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ.
æóÃóÔúÑóÝó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿ ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó áóÝúÙõåõ (2) ¡ æóßóÇäó íóæúãó ÈóáóÇÁò æóÝöÊúäóÉò æóÊóãúÍöíÕò¡ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ Úóäúåõãú ãõäúÊóÕöÑðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì åóãøó ÈöÇáúÚóæúÏö (3) Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóäóÏóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áöáöÍóÇÞöåö.
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈõæÇ áöáøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãõ ÇáúÞóÑúÍõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 172] ¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõäúÊóÏóÈöíäó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ áöÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: ÃóÈõæßó æóÌóÏøõßó ãöãøóäú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú: {ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈõæÇ áöáøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãõ ÇáúÞóÑúÍõ} (4) ¡ æóáóãú íõÞúÊóáú íóæúãóÆöÐò ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÅöáøóÇ äóÝóÑñ Þóáöíáñ¡ æóÞóÕóÏó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÌúÊóåóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú ÐóÈøó Úóäúåõ
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(1) ã: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/523¡ 5/21.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÈöÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/102 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈõæÇ áöáøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö) æóäóÕøõåõ: ÞóÇáóÊú áöÚõÑúæóÉó: íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÃõÎúÊöí ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæßó ãöäúåõãú: ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãøóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò æóÇäúÕóÑóÝó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÎóÇÝó Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ. ÞóÇáó: " ãóäú íóÐúåóÈõ Ýöí ÅöËúÑöåöãú¿ " ÝóÇäúÊóÏóÈó ãöäúåõãú ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1880 - 1881 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö. .) ¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 144 - 145.(8/98)
íóæúãóÆöÐò ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÌóÚóáó íóÑúãöí Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ áóåõ: " «ÇÑúãö ÝöÏóÇßó ÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí» ".
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò ÞóÇáó: ÌóãóÚó áöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóíúäó ÃóÈóæóíúåö íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò» (1) . æóßóÇäó ÓóÚúÏñ ãõÌóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö ãõÓóÏøóÏó ÇáÑøóãúíóÉö.
æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ØóáúÍóÉó ÑóÇãöíðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó (2) ÔóÏöíÏó ÇáäøóÒúÚö¡ æóØóáúÍóÉõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö: æóÞóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöíóÏöåö ÝóÔõáøóÊú íóÏõåõ. æóÙóÇåóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóíúäó ÏöÑúÚóíúäö¡ æóÞõÊöáó Ïõæäóåõ äóÝóÑñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí " ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö " Ýöí ÇáäøóÝóÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇãõæÇ Ïõæäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó (3) : " ÊóÑøóÓó Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÈõæ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö: íóÞóÚõ ÇáäøóÈúáõ Ýöí ÙóåúÑöåö æóåõæó ãõäúÍóäò Úóáóíúåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóËõÑó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÈúáõ. æóÑóãóì ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏñ: ÝóáóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ íõäóÇæöáõäöí ÇáäøóÈúáó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ (4) : " «ÇÑúãö ÝöÏóÇßó ÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí» "¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóíõäóÇæöáõäöí ÇáÓøóåúãó ãóÇáóåõ äóÕúáñ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: " ÇÑúãö " (5) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/22 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . .) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/1876 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÓóÚúÏò. . .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/314 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÓóÚúÏò. . . Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/47 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö. . .¡ ÝóÖúáõ ÓóÚúÏò. . .) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÑóÞúãó 1495¡ 1562.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÝóßóÇäó.
(3) Ýöí: ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/87.
(4) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ:
(5) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÇÑúãö Èöåö. æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí ÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/86.(8/99)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Íöíäó ÛóÔöíóåõ ÇáúÞóæúãõ: " ãóäú ÑóÌõáñ (1) íóÔúÑöí áóäóÇ äóÝúÓóåõ¿ ". . . ÝóÞóÇãó (2) ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÇáÓøóßóäö Ýöí äóÝóÑò ÎóãúÓóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö - æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÞõæáõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚõãóÇÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö (3) Èúäö ÇáÓøóßóäö - ÝóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ Ïõæäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ íõÞúÊóáõæäó Ïõæäóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÂÎöÑóåõãú ÒöíóÇÏñ Ãóæú ÚõãóÇÑóÉõ (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇÊóáó ÍóÊøóì ÃóËúÈóÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÌöÑóÇÍóÉõ¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÇÁóÊú ÝöÆóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÃóÌúåóÖõæåõãú Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÃóÏúäõæåõ ãöäøöí» " ÝóÃóÏúäóæúåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóæóÓøóÏóåõ ÞóÏóãóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇÊó æóÎóÏøõåõ Úóáóì ÞóÏóãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ".
ÞóÇáó (5) : " æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «Ñóãóì Úóäú ÞóæúÓöåö (6) ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÏóÞøóÊú ÓöíóÊõåóÇ (7) ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåóÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÃõÕöíÈóÊú íóæúãóÆöÐò Úóíúäõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóì æóÌúäóÊöåö» (8) . æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «ÑóÏøóåóÇ ÈöíóÏöåö æóßóÇäóÊú (9) ÃóÍúÓóäó Úóíúäóíúåö æóÃóÍóÏøóåõãóÇ» " (10) .
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(1) ÑóÌõáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " äóÝúÓóåõ " íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ ÇÓúÊóÛúÑóÞóÊú ÓóØúÑðÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó
(3) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÇÑóÉó.
(5) Ãóíö ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí " ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/87
(6) ã: Ñóãóì ÈöíóÏöåö Úóäú ÞóæúÓöåö.
(7) ÇáÓøöíóÉõ: ØóÑóÝõ ÇáúÞóæúÓö.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÌúäóÊóíúåö.
(9) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÝóßóÇäóÊú.
(10) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 3/217 æóÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉó ÍóÏóËóÊú Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÌóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóæúÌõåò ÃõÎóÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõÕöíÈóÊú íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò. ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÔóÇåöíäó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÚõÐúÑöíøö Úóäú ãóÇáößò Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Úóäú ãóÍúãõæÏö Èúäö áóÈöíÏò Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Ãóäøóåõ ÃõÕöíÈóÊú Úóíúäõåõ íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÝóæóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóì æóÌúäóÊöåö¡ ÝóÑóÏøóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÃóÕóÍøó Úóíúäóíúåö. æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö " ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚöíóÇÖö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ãóäøó Úóíúäóåõ ÐóåóÈóÊú - íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÑóÏøóåóÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞóÇãóÊú. æóÓóÇÞóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ãõØóæøóáóÉð ãõÑúÓóáóÉð ".(8/100)
æóáóãú íóßõäú Úóáöíøñ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÏúÝóÚõæäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÔúÛõæáöíäó ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÂÎóÑöíäó¡ æóÌõÑöÍó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÌóÈöíäöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÌúÑóÍú Úóáöíøñ.
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÕóÇÈóÊúäöí íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÓöÊøó ÚóÔúÑóÉó (1) ÖóÑúÈóÉð¡ ÓóÞóØúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚò ãöäúåõäøó " (2) .
ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö. ÝóÃóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ¿ æóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¿ æóÝöí Ãóíøö ßöÊóÇÈò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ ÐõßöÑó åóÐóÇ¿ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÌõÑöÍó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó (3) : " ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúÊóåóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì Ýóãö ÇáÔøöÚúÈö ÎóÑóÌó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÍóÊøóì ãóáóÃó ÏóÑóÞóÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö (4) ÝóÌóÇÁó
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(1) ã: ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÓóÞóØúÊõ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚò ãöäúåõäøó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö.
(3) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 3/90 - 91.
(4) ä¡ Ó: ÍóÊøóì ãóáóÃó ÊõÑúÓóåõ ÏóÑóÞóÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö¡ È: ÍóÊøóì ãóáóÃó ÊõÑúÓóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö¡ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÍóÊøóì ãóáóÃó ÏóÑóÞóÊóåõ ãóÇÁð ãöäó ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö. æóÝöí " ÇááøöÓóÇäö ": ÇáÏøóÑóÞóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌóÝóÉõ æóåöíó ÊõÑúÓñ ãöäú ÌõáõæÏò áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÎóÔóÈñ æóáóÇ ÚóÞóÈñ ". æóÝöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò: " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö: ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓõ: ãóÇÁñ ÈöÃõÍõÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓõ: ÍóÌóÑñ íõäúÞóÑõ æóíõÌúÚóáõ Åöáóì ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÈöÆúÑö æóíõÕóÈøõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÇÁõ áöíóäúÊóÝöÚó Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ".(8/101)
Èöåö ÑóÓõæáó (1) Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöíóÔúÑóÈó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏó áóåõ ÑöíÍðÇ¡ ÝóÚóÇÝóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÔúÑóÈú ãöäúåõ¡ æóÛóÓóáó Úóäú æóÌúåöåö ÇáÏøóãó¡ æóÕóÈøó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: " «ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÛóÖóÈõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóÏúãóì (2) æóÌúåó äóÈöíøöåö» " (3) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãö " ßóÐöÈñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÞóÇáó æóåõæó íóÚúÑõÌõ:
áóÇ ÓóíúÝó ÅöáøóÇ Ðõæ ÇáúÝóÞóÇ ... Ñö æóáóÇ ÝóÊðì ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøõ (4) ".
ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö áóãú íóßõäú áöÚóáöíøò¡ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÓóíúÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò Ûóäöãóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÊóäóÝøóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓóíúÝóåõ
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(1) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÝóÌóÇÁó Èöåö Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö. . .
(2) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 3/91: Ïóãøóì.
(3) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/101 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáúÌöÑóÇÍö íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÞóÇáó: " ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÛóÖóÈõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÛóÖóÈõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì Þóæúãò ÏóãøóæúÇ æóÌúåó äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÛóÖóÈõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì Þóæúãò ÏóãøóæúÇ æóÌúåó ÑóÓõæáöåö " ãóÑúÝõæÚóÉð Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËò ãõØóæøóáò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/209 - 211 (ÑóÞúãó 2609) Ýöíåö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÛóÒúæóÉö ÃõÍõÏò æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 2/296 - 297 æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ åõæó æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö 2/261 - 262 æóäóÞóáó ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò Úóäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí " ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö " 6/110 - 111 æóÝöí " ÇáÏøõÑøö ÇáúãóäúËõæÑö " 2/84 Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ Ýöí áóÝúÙöåö ãóÇ íõæåöãõ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÔóåöÏó ÇáúæóÞúÚóÉó¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÞóØøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ØöÝúáðÇ ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö ÈöãóßøóÉó. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÚöäúÏöí Ãóäøóåõ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó ÃõÍõÏðÇ¡ æóäóÓöíó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ãóäú ÍóÏøóËó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò Èöåö ".
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 50/68 - 69.(8/102)
ÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóì Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò. ÞóÇáó: " ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÓóíúÝöí Ðöí ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö ÝóáøðÇ ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõåõ ÝóáøðÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíßõãú¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäøöí ãõÑúÏöÝñ ßóÈúÔðÇ¡ ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõåõ ßóÈúÔó ÇáúßóÊöíÈóÉö¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäøöí Ýöí ÏöÑúÚò ÍóÕöíäóÉò¡ ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõåóÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÞóÑðÇ ÊõÐúÈóÍõ¡ ÝóÈóÞóÑñ æóÇááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ " ÝóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí Ðöí ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ßóÐöÈö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÓóíúÝñ íóãúÊóÏøõ ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÑóÈó Èöåö ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóØøõ¡ áóÇ ÓóíúÝõ Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÓóíúÝõåõ íóãúÊóÏøõ áóãóÏøóåõ íóæúãó ÞóÇÊóáó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/146 - 147. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ. ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö 4/11 - 12 ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö ÈöÃóØúæóáó ãöãøóÇ åõäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Èöåö Ðõæ ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö (ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÝóÇÁö) : Óõãøöíó ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö ÍõÝóÑñ ÕöÛóÇÑñ ÍöÓóÇäñ¡ æóÇáÓøóíúÝõ ÇáúãõÝóÞøóÑõ: ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÍõÒõæÒñ ãõØúãóÆöäøóÉñ Úóäú ãóÊúäöåö. ÇáúÝóáøõ (ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÝóÇÁö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇááøóÇãö) : ÇáËøóáúãõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóÃóÕúáõåõ: ÇáúßóÓúÑõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ¡ æóãöäúåõ ÇáúÝóáøõ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáúãõäúåóÒöãöíäó " æóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÇÌóåú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 2/939 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍö) æóáóÝúÙõåõ Ýöíåö: " Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóäóÝøóáó ÓóíúÝóåõ ÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÞóÇÑö íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/267 Úóäú ÃóäóÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóáóÝúÙõåõ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßóÃóäøöí ãõÑúÏöÝñ ßóÈúÔðÇ¡ æóßóÃóäøó ÙõÈóÉó ÓóíúÝöí ÇäúßóÓóÑóÊú¡ ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÃóÞúÊõáõ ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúßóÊöíÈóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí íõÞúÊóáõ ". æóÝöí ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/66 - 67: " ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ æóÇááøóåö ÎóíúÑðÇ. ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÞóÑðÇ¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÐõÈóÇÈö ÓóíúÝöí ËóáóãðÇ¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÃóÏúÎóáúÊõ íóÏöí Ýöí ÏöÑúÚò ÍóÕöíäóÉò¡ ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõåóÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó "¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÞóÑðÇ áöí ÊõÐúÈóÍõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÞóÑõ Ýóåöíó äóÇÓñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí íõÞúÊóáõæäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóáóãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÐõÈóÇÈö ÓóíúÝöí¡ Ýóåõæó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí íõÞúÊóáõ " æóáóãú ÃóÚúÑöÝú ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö.(8/103)
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö: Åöäøóåõ ãóÏøó íóÏóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÚóÈóÑó ÇáúÌóíúÔõ Úóáóì íóÏöåö ÈöÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöáúÈóÛúáóÉö: " ÞóØóÚó Çááøóåõ äóÓúáóßö " ÝóÇäúÞóØóÚó äóÓúáõåóÇ. åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóíøöäö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóæúãó ÎóíúÈóÑó áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõãú ÈóÛúáóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈóÛúáóÉñ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÛúáóÊóåõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóåúÏóÇåóÇ áóåõ ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ãõáõæßö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö (1) : åöÑóÞúáó ãóáößö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÅöáóì ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓö ãóáößö ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÅöáóì ßöÓúÑóì ãóáößö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö. æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ãõáõæßö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö (2) ãöËúáó ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúíóãóÇãóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÌóíúÔõ áóãú íóÚúÈõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì íóÏö Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÈóÛúáóÉõ áóãú ÊóÒóáú ÚóÞöíãðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäú ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÊóáöÏõ ÝóÚóÞöãóÊú¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÛúáóÉò ãõÚóíøóäóÉò áóãú ÊóÚõãøó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ ÌöäúÓó ÇáúÈöÛóÇáö.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö Þóæúáõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó: Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÓõÈöíó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÍõãöáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌöãóÇáö ÚóÑóÇíóÇ¡ ÝóäóÈóÊóÊú áóåõãú ÓóäóÇãóÇÊñ ãöäú íóæúãöÆöÐò¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÈóÎóÇÊöíøõ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö áóãú íõÓúÈó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ Íõãöáó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú äöÓóÇÆöåöãú ãóßúÔõæÝó ÇáúÚóæúÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÑóì åóÐóÇ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú Úóáöãóåõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ.
Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ ãöËúáõ ßóÐöÈö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó ÞóÊóáó ÇáúÃóÔúÑóÇÝó¡ æóÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ (3) áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ãóÚó Ùõáúãöåö æóÝóÊúßöåö ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäú
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Åöáóì ãõáõæßö ÇáÔøóÇãö æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóáößö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) æóÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.(8/104)
ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ áóßöäú ÞóÊóáó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóßóÇäó Çáúãóáößõ ÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÞúÊõáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóÐóßóÑó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö Èóäöí ÍóÑúÈò - íóÚúäöí ãõáúßó íóÒöíÏó - ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ÔóÑøñ¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó ØóãöÚó Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó åóÇÔöãöíøóÉð¡ ÝóÎóØóÈó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇÈúäóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÕúÏóÞóåóÇ ÕóÏóÇÞðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóäú ÛóÖöÈó ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö¡ æóáóãú íóÑóæõÇ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó ÃóåúáðÇ áöÃóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóãóäóÚó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóáóãú íóÑóæúåõ ßõÝõÄðÇ áöäößóÇÍö åóÇÔöãöíøóÉò æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÞõáõåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö áóÇ ÖóÇÈöØó áóåóÇ¡ áóßöäøó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåõ ÈöØõÑõÞò ÃõÎúÑóì.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö¡ æóåöíó ÛóÒóÇÉõ ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ áóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Úóãóáö (2) ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ ÃóÞúÈóáóÊú
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 183 (ã) - 184 (ã) .
(2) Úóãóáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/105)
ÞõÑóíúÔñ íóÞúÏõãõåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó æóßöäóÇäóÉõ æóÃóåúáõ ÊöåóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÂáóÇÝò¡ æóÃóÞúÈóáóÊú ÛóØóÝóÇäõ æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö äóÌúÏò¡ æóäóÒóáõæÇ ãöäú ÝóæúÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁõæßõãú ãöäú ÝóæúÞößõãú æóãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 10] ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÚó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÂáóÇÝò (1) ¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞó Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ãóÚó ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóØóãöÚó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÈößóËúÑóÊöåöãú æóãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóÑóßöÈó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ [ÚóÈúÏö] æõÏøò (2) æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÏóÎóáóÇ ãöäú ãóÖöíÞò Ýöí ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóØóáóÈóÇ (3) ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉó ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ æóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (4) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Åöäøóåõ ÚóãúÑñæ¡ ÝóÓóßóÊó. Ëõãøó ØóáóÈó ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉó ËóÇäöíðÇ æóËóÇáöËðÇ¡ æóßõáøõ (5) Ðóáößó íóÞõæãõ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Åöäøóåõ ÚóãúÑñæ¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ [ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚóãúÑñæ: ÇÑúÌöÚú íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÃóÎöí ÝóãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃóÞúÊõáóßó] (6) . ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ: ßõäúÊõ ÚóÇåóÏúÊõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÚõæóßó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò Åöáóì ÅöÍúÏóì ÎóáøóÊóíúäö (7) ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÎóÐúÊóåóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÏúÚõæßó
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(1) ß: ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö - ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóåõãú ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÂáóÇÝò.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ æõÏøò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ.
(3) ß: æóØóáóÈó.
(4) ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) . æóÝöí (ß) : ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ. .
(5) ß: æóÝöí ßõáøö. . .
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú åóÇãöÔö (ß) æóÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö.
(7) ä¡ Ó: ÃóÍóÏö ÌöÈöáøóÊóíúäö¡ ã: ÃóÍóÏö ÎóáøóÊóíúäö¡ ß: ÈöÅöÍúÏóì ÎóÕúáóÊóíúäö. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) .(8/106)
Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑñæ: áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó áöí ÈöÐóáößó. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÏúÚõæßó Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÑóÇÒö. ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ (1) ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃóÞúÊõáóßó. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Èóáú ÃóäóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ (2) Ãóäú ÃóÞúÊõáóßó. ÝóÍóãöíó ÚóãúÑñæ¡ æóäóÒóáó Úóäú ÝóÑóÓöåö¡ æóÊóÌóÇæóáóÇ (3) ¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ (4) ¡ æóÇäúåóÒóãó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúåóÒóãó ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÇáúíóåõæÏö. æóÝöíåö ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÞóÊúáõ Úóáöíøò áöÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö æõÏøò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: Ãóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÈóíóÇäõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö¿
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóßóÇÐöíÈó. ãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: Åöäøó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ æóßöäóÇäóÉó æóÃóåúáó ÊöåóÇãóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÂáóÇÝò¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈõ ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóãöäú Ãóåúáö äóÌúÏò: Êóãöíãñ æóÃóÓóÏñ æóÛóØóÝóÇäõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö: ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÂáóÇÝò. æóÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈõ ßóÇäõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÕúäóÇÝò (5) : ÞõÑóíúÔñ æóÍõáóÝóÇÄõåóÇ (6) ¡ æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó æóãóäú ÍóæúáóåóÇ. æóÃóåúáõ äóÌúÏò: Êóãöíãñ æóÃóÓóÏñ æóÛóØóÝóÇäõ æóãóäú ÏóÎóáó ãóÚóåõãú. æóÇáúíóåõæÏõ Èóäõæ ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: Åöäøó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö (7) æõÏøò æóÚößúÑöãóÉó [Èúäó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò] (8) ÑóßöÈóÇ¡ æóÏóÎóáóÇ ãöäú ãóÖöíÞò Ýöí ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö.
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(1) ß: ÇáäøöÒóÇáö¡ ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑñæ: ãóÇ. . .
(2) ß: ÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ: áóßöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ. . .
(3) ß: æóÊóÌóÇÏóáóÇ.
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - æóæóáóÏóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. ÇäúÙõÑú: ÇÈúäó åöÔóÇãò 3/235 - 236.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝõ ßóÇäõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÍúÒóÇÈò. . . .
(6) ã: æóÍõáóÝóÇÄõåõãú.
(7) ÚóÈúÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(8) Èúäó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .(8/107)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: Åöäøó ÚóãúÑðÇ áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó æóÇäúåóÒóãó (1) ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó æóÇáúíóåõæÏõ.
åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈóÞõæÇ ãõÍóÇÕöÑöíäó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (2) ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó åõãú æóÇáúíóåõæÏõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÎóÈøóÈó Èóíúäóåõãú äõÚóíúãõ Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøöíÍó ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉó: ÑöíÍó ÇáÕøóÈóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÐúßõÑõæÇ äöÚúãóÉó Çááøóåö Úóáóíúßõãú ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÌõäõæÏñ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑöíÍðÇ æóÌõäõæÏðÇ áóãú ÊóÑóæúåóÇ æóßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ÈóÕöíÑðÇ - ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁõæßõãú ãöäú ÝóæúÞößõãú æóãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäúßõãú æóÅöÐú ÒóÇÛóÊö ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑõ æóÈóáóÛóÊö ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ ÇáúÍóäóÇÌöÑó æóÊóÙõäøõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáÙøõäõæäóÇ - åõäóÇáößó ÇÈúÊõáöíó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÒõáúÒöáõæÇ ÒöáúÒóÇáðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ - æóÅöÐú íóÞõæáõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó æóÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ ãóÇ æóÚóÏóäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÛõÑõæÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 9 - 12] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóßóÝóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 25] .
æóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ãóÇ ÑóÏøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáò. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö.
ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÇÞúÊöÊóÇáö Úóáöíøò æóÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö æõÏøò æóÞóÊúáöåö áóåõ (3) ÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÊúáõ Úóáöíøò áöÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö æõÏøò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö» . ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö
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(1) È: áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÇäúåóÒóãó. .
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/108)
ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóáóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ (1) .
æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÊúáõ ßóÇÝöÑò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáúÅöäúÓö ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞõÊöáó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö [ÚóÈúÏö] (2) æõÏøò. æóÚóãúÑñæ åóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãõÖóÇÑøóÊöåö áóåõ æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÕóäóÇÏöíÏö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞõÊöáõæÇ ÈöÈóÏúÑò¡ ãöËúáó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò¡ æóÔóíúÈóÉó Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÇáäøóÖúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÒóáó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ. æóÚóãúÑñæ åóÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÒöáú Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó áóåõ ÔóíúÁñ íóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö Ýöí ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö æõÏøò åóÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áóåõ ÐößúÑñ Ýöí ÛóÒóÇÉö ÈóÏúÑò æóáóÇ ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÛóÇÒöí ÞõÑóíúÔò ÇáøóÊöí ÛóÒóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóåöÑú ÐößúÑõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ ãóÚó (3) Ãóäøó ÞöÕøóÊóåõ áóíúÓóÊú ãóÐúßõæÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò Åöáóì ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö: ãõÈóÇÑóÒóÉõ ÍóãúÒóÉó æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóÚóáöíøò ãóÚó ÚõÊúÈóÉó æóÔóíúÈóÉó æóÇáúæóáöíÏö.
æóßõÊõÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ÈöÐößúÑö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄúÐõæäó
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(2) ÚóÈúÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Ó¡ È: æóãóÚó.(8/109)
ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöËúáö ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò¡ æóÇáäøóÖúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÈöÐößúÑö ÑõÄóÓóÇÁö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ ãöËúáö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö æõÏøò¡ áóÇ Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãõÞóÏøóãöí ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÞóÊúáõ ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö¿ æóãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóíúÔó áóãú íóäúåóÒöãú ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ Èóáú ÈóÞõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãõÍóÇÕöÑöíäó ãõÌöÏøöíäó (1) ßóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ÞóÊúáöåö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí: æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö ÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÇãöíó ËóäöíøóÉö æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö ÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÇãöíó ËóäöíøóÉö (4) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (5) æóÞóÊóáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÚóÔóÑóÉð¡ æóÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÊóÐúßõÑõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøó ÈöäóÞúáò áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÌóÒóÑóÉö ÈóÞúáò áóãú íõÞúÈóáú ãöäúåõ (6) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¿ !
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(1) ãõÌöÏøöíäó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(2) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 184 (ã)
(4) ËóäöíøóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) . æóÝöí (ß) : ÞõÈøóÉö.
(5) ß: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö ÈöÓóåúãò.
(6) Ó: Ýöí ÌóÒóÑóÉò íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ È: Ýöí ÌõÒúÆöíøóÉò áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ ã: Ýöí ÌóÒóÑóÉö ÈóÞúáò áóãú íõÚúÞóáú ãöäúåõ.(8/110)
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúæóÇÖöÍö ; ÝóÅöäøó Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÓõæÑóÉó ÇáúÍóÔúÑö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÞöÕøóÊõåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö æóÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú íõÐúßóÑú ÝöíåóÇ (1) ãóÕóÇÝøõ æóáóÇ åóÒöíãóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ Ñóãóì ÃóÍóÏñ ËóäöíøóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõÕöíÈóÊú ËóäöíøóÊõåõ íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò.
æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí ÛóÒóÇÉö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö¡ ÞóÏú (2) ÍóÇÕóÑõæåõãú ÍöÕóÇÑðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóÞóØøóÚõæÇ äóÎöíáóåõãú.
æóÝöíåöãú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ ÞóØóÚúÊõãú ãöäú áöíäóÉò Ãóæú ÊóÑóßúÊõãõæåóÇ ÞóÇÆöãóÉð Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáöåóÇ ÝóÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö æóáöíõÎúÒöíó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 5] .
æóáóãú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ áöÞöÊóÇáò ÍóÊøóì íóäúåóÒöãó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÍöÕúäò íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäóßõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÞõÑðì ãõÍóÕøóäóÉò Ãóæú ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÌõÏõÑò ÈóÃúÓõåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÔóÏöíÏñ ÊóÍúÓóÈõåõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ æóÞõáõæÈõåõãú ÔóÊøóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 14] .
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÌúáóÇåõãú ÅöÌúáóÇÁð áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõãú Ýöíåö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì (3) : {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú áöÃóæøóáö ÇáúÍóÔúÑö ãóÇ ÙóäóäúÊõãú Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ æóÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ãóÇäöÚóÊõåõãú ÍõÕõæäõåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÍúÊóÓöÈõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 2] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ íóÇÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 2] .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ýöíåö.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÞóÏú.
(3) ä¡ ã: áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõãú¡ æóÝöíåö ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì. .(8/111)
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑó äóÞúÖóåõãõ ÇáúÚóåúÏó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóíúåöãú íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Èöåöãú Ýöí ÏöíóÉö ÇáúÞóÊöíáóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö ÞóÊóáóåõãóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó (1) : " «ÝóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáÓøóíúÑö Åöáóíúåöãú æóÈöÇáÊøóåóíøõÄö áöÍóÑúÈöåöãú (2) æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇÈúäó Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò» ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò (3) . æóäóÒóáó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö (4) ".
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: " ÝóÊóÍóÕøóäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÕõæäö¡ «ÝóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÎöíáö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÞö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóäóÇÏóæúåõ: Ãóíú ãõÍóãøóÏõ (5) ÞóÏú ßõäúÊó Êóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóÊóÚöíÈõåõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÕóäóÚóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÎöíáö æóÊóÍúÑöíÞöåóÇ¿ !» ".
ÞóÇáó (6) : " æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÑóåúØñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóæúÝö Èúäö ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö ÞóÏú ÈóÚóËõæÇ (7) Åöáóì Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö: Ãóäö ÇËúÈõÊõæÇ æóÊóãóäøóÚõæÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóäú äõÓúáöãóßõãú¡ Åöäú ÞõæÊöáúÊõãú ÞóÇÊóáúäóÇ ãóÚóßõãú¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÑóÌúÊõãú ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ ãóÚóßõãú. ÝóÊóÑóÈøóÕõæÇ Ðóáößó ãöäú äóÕúÑöåöãú (8) ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÝúÚóáõæÇ¡ æóÞóÐóÝó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãõ ÇáÑøõÚúÈó¡ æóÓóÃóáõæÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (9) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú
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(1) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 3/200.
(2) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáÊøóåóíøõÄö áöÍóÑúÈöåöãú æóÇáÓøóíúÑö Åöáóíúåöãú.
(3) (3 - 3) ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò äõÓúÎóÉõ Ã. æóÝöí ÇáúãõËúÈóÊö ÝöíåóÇ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó. . ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: " ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÔóåúÑö ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÍóÇÕóÑóåõãú ÓöÊøó áóíóÇáò¡ æóäóÒóáó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö ".
(5) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: Ãóäú íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ.
(6) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(7) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò:. . ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö ãöäúåõãú ÚóÏõæøõ Çááøóåö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö Óóáõæáò æóæóÏöíÚóÉõ æóãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞóæúÞóáò¡ æóÓõæóíúÏñ æóÏóÇÚöÓñ¡ ÞóÏú ÈóÚóËõæÇ. .
(8) È: ÝóÊóÑóÈøóÕõæÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó äóÕúÑóåõãú.
(9) Ó¡ È: ÇáÑøóÓõæáó.(8/112)
íõÌúáöíóåõãú (1) æóíóßõÝøó Úóäú ÏöãóÇÆöåöãú¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó áóåõãú ãóÇ ÍóãóáóÊö ÇáúÅöÈöáõ ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉó (2) ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó¡ ÝóÇÍúÊóãóáõæÇ ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóáøóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÅöÈöáõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãöäúåõãú íóåúÏöãõ ÈóíúÊóåõ Úóäú äöÌóÇÝö ÈóÇÈöåö (3) ¡ ÝóíóÖóÚõåõ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑö ÈóÚöíÑöåö¡ ÝóíóäúØóáöÞõ Èöåö. ÝóÎóÑóÌõæÇ Åöáóì ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÓóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö ".
ÞóÇáó (4) : " æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóäøóåõ (5) ÍõÏøöËó: «Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇÓúÊóÞóáøõæÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö (6) ¡ ãóÚóåõãõ ÇáÏøõÝõæÝõ æóÇáúãóÒóÇãöíÑõ¡ æóÇáúÞóíúäóÇÊõ (7) íóÚúÒöÝúäó ÎóáúÝóåõãú ÈöÒóåúæò æóÝóÎúÑò (8) ãóÇ ÑõÆöíó ãöËúáõåõ ãöäú Íóíøò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö (9) . æóÎóáøóæõÇ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóßóÇäóÊú áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ íóÖóÚõåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ ÝóÞóÓøóãóåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóíúäó (10) ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó Óóåúáó Èúäó ÍõäóíúÝò æóÃóÈóÇ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó (11) ÐóßóÑóÇ ÝóÇÞóÉð æóÝóÞúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõãóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» " (12) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: íõÎúáöíóåõãú
(2) Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò: " ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉõ: ÇáÓøöáóÇÍõ ßõáøõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÎóÇÕøñ ÈöÇáÏøõÑõæÚö ".
(3) Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: ÇáäøöÌóÇÝõ (ÈöæóÒúäö ßöÊóÇÈò) : ÇáúÚóÊóÈóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö ".
(4) Ýöí ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò ÈóÚúÏó ÓóØúÑóíúäö: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó. . .
(5) Ó¡ È: ÈöÃóäøóåõ.
(6) æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) . æóÝöí ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò: æóÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö.
(7) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÇáúÞöíóÇäõ.
(8) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÎóáúÝóåõãú æóÅöäøó Ýöíåöãú áóÃõãøó ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÕóÇÍöÈóÉó ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáúæóÑúÏö ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÇÈúÊóÇÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÅöÍúÏóì äöÓóÇÁö Èóäöí ÛöÝóÇÑò¡ ÈöÒóåóÇÁò æóÝóÎúÑò. .
(9) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåöãú.
(10) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: Úóáóì
(11) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 3/202 æóÃóÈóÇ ÏõÌóÇäóÉó ÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÎóÑóÔóÉó.
(12) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÐóßóÑóÇ ÝóÞúÑðÇ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõãóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.(8/113)
ÞóÇáó (1) : " æóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉó (2) \ 8 ÇáúÍóÔúÑö ÈöÃóÓúÑöåóÇ¡ íóÐúßõÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ãöäú äöÞúãóÉò (3) .¡ æóãóÇ ÓóáøóØó Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú (4) .¡ æóãóÇ Úóãöáó Ýöíåöãú (5) . ".
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó «Ãóäøó íóåõæÏó Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö æó [Èóäöí] ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó (6) . ÍóÇÑóÈõæÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÌúáóì Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö¡ æóÃóÞóÑøó ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó æóãóäøó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÇÑóÈóÊú ÞõÑóíúÙóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÊóáó ÑöÌóÇáóåõãú¡ æóÓóÈóì äöÓóÇÁóåõãú æóÃóæúáóÇÏóåõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú¡ æóÞóÓøóãó ÃóäúÝóÇáóåõãú Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú áóÍöÞõæÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóãøóäóåõãú æóÃóÓúáóãõæÇ¡ æóÃóÌúáóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóåõæÏó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ßõáøóåõãú: Èóäöí ÞóíúäõÞóÇÚó¡ æóåõãú Þóæúãõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò¡ æóíóåõæÏó Èóäöí ÍóÇÑöËóÉó¡ æóßõáøó íóåõæÏöíøò ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö» (7) .
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÈöÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò.
(2) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóäóÒóáó Ýöí Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ. . .
(3) ã: äöÚúãóÉò¡ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: äöÞúãóÊöåö
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóãóÇ ÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ Úóáóíúåöãúº ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóãóÇ ÓóáøóØó Úóáóíúåöãú Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
(5) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóãóÇ Úóãöáó Èöåö Ýöíåöãú
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÞõÑóíúÙóÉó
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/88 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏöíËö Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑö. . .) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1387 - 1388 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÌúáóÇÁö ÇáúíóåõæÏö ãöäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/214 - 215 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌö æóÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáäøóÖöíÑö) .(8/114)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö ÌóÇÁó ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ. . . æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö ÌóÇÁó ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞóÕóÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóßúÈöÓõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (3) ¡ «ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóäú áöáöæóÇÆöí¿ (4) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóäóÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇááøöæóÇÁó¡ æóÖóãøó Åöáóíúåö ÓóÈúÚóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÕóáó Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ (5) .: ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ Ýöí ÌóãúÚò ßóËöíÑò¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó (6) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí (7) Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóäú áöáöæóÇÆöí¿ (8) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóäóÇ (9) .¡ ÝóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó¡ (* ÝóÝóÚóáó ßóÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö (10) : Ãóíúäó Úóáöíøñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: ÃóäóÇ ÐóÇ (11) íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ. 184 (ã) - 185 (ã) .
(3) ß: Ãóäú íõÈóíøöÊõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
(4) ä¡ ã: áöáúæóÇÏöí
(5) ß: ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ
(6) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (ß) : " ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúåóáóÇßö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóáóÇ ÊõáúÞõæÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíßõãú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóåúáõßóÉö) .
(7) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí. . .
(8) ä¡ ã: áöáúæóÇÏöí
(9) ß: ÃóäóÇ áóåõ
(10) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.
(11) ß: Ãóíúäó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÃóäóÇ ÐóÇ. . .(8/115)
ÝóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó» *) (1) ¡ æóãóÖóì Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ æóáóÞöíóåõãú (2) ÈóÚúÏó ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÕøõÈúÍö¡ ÝóÞóÊóáó ãöäúåõãú ÓöÊøóÉð Ãóæú ÓóÈúÚóÉð¡ æóÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó¡ æóÃóÞúÓóãó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÝöÚúáö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö ÖóÈúÍðÇ} ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó (3) . [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö: 1] ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÌúåóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÞõæáõ áóßó: Èóíøöäú áóäóÇ ÓóäóÏó åóÐóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì äóËúÈõÊó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ äóÞúáñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóÇáúÚóÇáöãõ íóÞõæáõ áóåõ (4) .: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉó - æóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÝöíåóÇ - ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúßöíåö ÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúßõæäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈó ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉó ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÚóäúÊóÑóÉó æóÇáúÈóØøóÇáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóäúÊóÑóÉõ áóåõ ÓöíÑóÉñ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÈóØøóÇáõ áóåõ ÓöíÑóÉñ íóÓöíÑóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì áóåõ Ýöí ÏóæúáóÉö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÑøõæãö¡ áóßöäú æóáøóÏóåóÇ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑóÊú ãõÌóáøóÏóÇÊò¡ æóÍößóÇíóÇÊö ÇáÔøõØøóÇÑö¡ ßóÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáÏøóäöÝö æóÇáÒøóíúÈóÞö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÕóÇÑõæÇ íóÍúßõæäó ÍößóÇíóÇÊò íóÎúÊóáöÞõæäóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÔöíÏö æóÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉõ ãöäú ÌóäúÓö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö¡ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÐößúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö Ýöíåö¡ ßóãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ æóÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøö¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃõãóæöíøö (5) .¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÇÆöÐò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ áóåóÇ ÐößúÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ äóÒóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
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(1) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) æóÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
(2) ß: ÝóáóÞöíóåõãú
(3) ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß)
(4) È: áóßó
(5) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÃõãúæóÑöíøö. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Õ 95 ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö(8/116)
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ãóÛóÇÒöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÛóÒóæóÇÊõ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö - ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ¡ ãóÖúÈõæØóÉñ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáöåö¡ ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóåöíó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ - ÚóÇÏóÉð æóÔóÑúÚðÇ - Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóÒóÇÉñ íóÌúÑöí ÝöíåóÇ ãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóÇ íóäúÞõáõåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÝõÑöÖó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÎóãúÓö ÕóáóæóÇÊò¡ Ãóæú ÝõÑöÖó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Õóæúãö (1) . ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Ðóáößó¡ æóßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÛóÒóÇ ÇáúÝõÑúÓó ÈöÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóÐóåóÈó Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ.
æóÓõæÑóÉõ " æóÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö " ÝöíåóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÚóØóÇÁò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ßóÐöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ íõäóÇÓöÈõ Þóæúáó ãóäú ÝóÓøóÑó " ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö " ÈöÎóíúáö ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝóÓøöÑõ " ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö " ÈöÅöÈöáö ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÌö æóÚóÏúæöåóÇ ãöäú ãõÒúÏóáöÝóÉó Åöáóì ãöäðì. æóåóÐóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ; Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ Úóáöíøñ íõßóÐøöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó. æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ íõÝóÓøöÑõæäóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóíúáö ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö (2) 208. .
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(1) Õóæúãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö 8/486 Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö ÝóÓøóÑóÇ " ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÇÊö " ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúÅöÈöáõ æóÝóÓøóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúÎóíúáõ¡ ÝóÈóáóÛó ÚóáöíøðÇ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóäóÇ Îóíúáñ íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓóÑöíøóÉò ÈõÚöËóÊú¡ Ëõãøó äóÞóáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ 8/486 - 487 æóÝöí ÂÎöÑöåö: " ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóäóÒóÚúÊõ Úóäú Þóæúáöí æóÑóÌóÚúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ". æóÇäúÙõÑú 8/487 ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö 9/206 -(8/117)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ: ÝóÝöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó äóÕóÍõæÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈößó ; ÝóÅöäøóÇ Ýöí ÌóãúÚò ßóËöíÑò. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóäúåóÒöãóÇ ÞóØøõ¡ æóãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ãöäó ÇäúåöÒóÇãöåöãóÇ íóæúãó Íõäóíúäò¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóì.
Ýóáóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÃóÍóÏñ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö æóÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÑõÈú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó áöáúÞöÊóÇáö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÛóÒóÇÊóíúäö (1) . .
æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö ÃóÛóÇÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÓóÑúÍö (2) . ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóßúÐóÈöåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóÒúæóÉõ ÐóÇÊö ÇáÓøóáóÇÓöáö¡ ÝóÊöáúßó ÓóÑöíøóÉñ ÈóÚóËó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÃóãöíÑðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Èóäöí ÚõÐúÑóÉó (3) .¡ æóßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäó ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÞóÑóÇÈóÉñ ; ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú áóÚóáøóåõãú íõÓúáöãõæäó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ ÈöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóáóíúÓó áöÚóáöíøò ÝöíåóÇ ÐößúÑñ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãö ÈóÚöíÏóÉð ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÇÍúÊóáóãó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÇÕö Ýöí áóíúáóÉò ÈóÇÑöÏóÉò ÝóÊóíóãøóãó æóÕóáøóì ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó:
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(1) ã: ÇáúÍóÑúÈóÊóíúäö
(2) ä¡ ã: ÓóÑóÇÍö
(3) ã: áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ßóÇäó ãöäú Èóäöí ÚõÐúÑóÉó¡ È: áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäúåóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Èóäöí ÚõÐúÑóÉó(8/118)
" «íóÇ ÚóãúÑõ: ÃóÕóáøóíúÊó (1) . ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó æóÃóäúÊó ÌõäõÈñ¿ " ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 29] ¡ ÝóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö æóáóãú íõäúßöÑúåõ ; áóãøóÇ Èóíøóäó áóåõ ÚõÐúÑóåõ» (2) . .
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ åóáú Þóæúáõåõ: ÃóÕóáøóíúÊó ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó æóÃóäúÊó ÌõäõÈñ¿ ÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãñ¡ Ãóíú: åóáú ÕóáøóíúÊó ãóÚó ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóØóåøóÑó ÈöÇáÊøóíóãøõãö æóáóãú íóßõäú ÌõäõÈðÇ ÃóÞóÑøóåõ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÌõäõÈñ¡ æóÇáÊøóíóãøõãõ íõÈöíÍõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÑúÝóÚõ (3) . ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉó¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÔÌÇÚÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ýí ÛÒæÉ Èäí ÇáãÕØáÞ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) .: " «æóÞóÊóáó ãöäú Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö ãóÇáößðÇ æóÇÈúäóåõ¡ æóÓóÈóì ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ãóäú ÌõãúáóÊöåöãú ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÖöÑóÇÑò¡ ÝóÇÕúØóÝóÇåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÌóÇÁóåóÇ (5) . ÃóÈõæåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó
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(1) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÕóáøóíúÊó
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/141 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÝó ÇáúÌõäõÈõ ÇáúÈóÑúÏó ÃóíóÊóíóãøóãõ¿) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/203 - 204¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 1/177. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: " ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö " æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 1/181 - 183¡ æóÇÓúÊóÏúÑóßó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãö æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò ÝóÞóØú
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 185 (ã)
(5) ß: ÝóÌóÇÁó(8/119)
Çáúíóæúãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö: ÇÈúäóÊöí (1) . ßóÑöíãóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÓúÈóì (2) .¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÃóäú íõÎóíøöÑóåóÇ (3) .¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÍúÓóäúÊó æóÃóÌúãóáúÊó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÈõäóíøóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÝúÖóÍöí Þóæúãóßö¡ ÞóÇáóÊö: ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ» " (4) -. .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú [ÈóíóÇäö] (5) . ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ßõáøö ãóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö¡ Ãóæú ÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóì ßöÊóÇÈò ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ. [æóÅöáøóÇ] (6) . Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó¿ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉó: åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÎúÊóáöÞõæäóåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈóì ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó ÈöäúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóåöíó áóãøóÇ ÓõÈöíóÊú ßóÇÊóÈóÊú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÏøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚõÊöÞóÊú ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÚúÊóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáÓøóÈúíó áöÃóÌúáöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÕúåóÇÑõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóãú íóÞúÏóãú ÃóÈõæåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ æóáóÇ ÎóíøóÑóåóÇ.
æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó (7) . ÞóÇáóÊú: «æóÞóÚóÊú ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö
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(1) ÇÈúäóÊöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) ß: æóáóÇ ÊõÓúÈóì
(3) ß: ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÃóäú íõÎóíøöÑóåóÇ¡ æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (ß) : Èóíúäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑóÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇáóÊö: ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö
(5) ÈóíóÇäö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(6) æóÅöáøóÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È)
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/30 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöÊúÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÝõÓöÎóÊö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 6/277(8/120)
ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö Ýöí Óóåúãö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÔóãøóÇÓò¡ (* [Ãóæö ÇÈúäö Úóãøò áóåõ] (1) .¡ ÝóßóÇÊóÈóÊú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ãóáøóÇÍóÉð áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóíúäö ÍóÙøñ (2) [ÊóÃúÎõÐõåóÇ ÇáúÚóíúäõ. ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ] (3) .: ÝóÌóÇÁóÊú ÊóÓúÃóáõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇãóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõåóÇ ßóÑöåúÊõ ãóßóÇäóåóÇ¡ æóÚóÑóÝúÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓóíóÑóì ãöäúåóÇ ãöËúáó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóäóÇ ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó (4) ãöäú ÃóãúÑöí ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÅöäøöí æóÞóÚúÊõ Ýöí Óóåúãö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÔóãøóÇÓò *) (5) .¡ æóÅöäøöí ßóÇÊóÈúÊõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöí¡ æóÌöÆúÊõßó ÊõÚöíäõäöí (6) . ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Ýóåóáú áóßö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÎóíúÑñ áóßö¿ " ÞóÇáóÊú: æóãóÇ åõæó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃõÄóÏøöí Úóäúßö ßöÊóÇÈóÊóßö æóÃóÊóÒóæøóÌõßö " ÞóÇáóÊú: ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáúÊõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÓóÇãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó ÃóÑúÓóáõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÃóíúÏöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÈúíö æóÃóÚúÊóÞõæåõãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÕúåóÇÑõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ [ÇãúÑóÃóÉð] (7) . ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÚúÙóãó ÈóÑóßóÉð Úóáóì ÞóæúãöåóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ;
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ãóæö ÇÈúäö Úóãøò áóåõ " Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóåöíó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóíúäö ÍóÙøñ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóåöíó áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÊóÃúÎõÐõåóÇ ÇáúÚóíúäõ. ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú æóåöíó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó
(4) È: æóÃóäóÇ ßóÇäó¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó. .
(5) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó)
(6) È: æóÌöÆúÊõ ÊõÚöíäõäöí¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: ÝóÌöÆúÊõßó ÃóÓúÃóáõßó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÊöí.
(7) ÇãúÑóÃóÉð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) æóåöíó Ýöí (È) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó(8/121)
ÃõÚúÊöÞó Ýöí ÓóÈóÈöåóÇ (1) . ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊò ãöäú Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö» (2) .
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÔÌÇÚÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ýí ÛÒæÉ ÎíÈÑ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÝöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó (4) . ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì íóÏö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÏóÝóÚó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó (5) . Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóÇäúåóÒóãó¡ Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó ÝóÇäúåóÒóãó¡ Ëõãøó Åöáóì Úóáöíøò æóßóÇäó ÃóÑúãóÏó (6) .¡ ÝóÊóÝóáó Ýöí Úóíúäóíúåö (7) .¡ æóÎóÑóÌó ÝóÞóÊóáó ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ¡ ÝóÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó¡ æóÛóáøóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÈóÇÈó¡ ÝóÚóÇáóÌóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóÞóáóÚóåõ¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ (8) . ÌöÓúÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÇÈõ íõÛúáöÞõåõ ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÇáúÍöÕúäó æóäóÇáõæÇ ÇáúÛóäóÇÆöãó¡ æóÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÞóáóÚóåõ ÈöÞõæøóÉö ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÑóÌõáò æóáóßöäú ÈöÞõæøóÉò
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÓóÈúíöåóÇ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó
(2) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/307 - 308¡ ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö (æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö Ýöíåö: ÛóÒúæóÉõ ÇáúãõÑóíúÓöíÚö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐóÇäö ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞóÇäö: " åõæó ãóÇÁñ áöÈóäöí ÎõÒóÇÚóÉó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÝõÑúÚö (ãóæúÖöÚñ ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÉö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö) ãóÓöíÑóÉõ íóæúãò¡ æóÊõÓóãøóì ÛóÒúæóÉó Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö¡ æóåõæó áóÞóÈñ áöÌõÐóíúãóÉó Èúäö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÈóØúäò ãöäú Èóäöí ÎõÒóÇÚóÉó ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞóÇäö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ". æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö áöÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 4/158 - 159 ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 2/64¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 2/610¡ 3/165.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 185 (ã) - 186 (ã) .
(4) ß: ÛóÒóÇÉö
(5) Ó¡ È: æóÏóÝóÚó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÝöíåóÇ
(6) ß: æóßóÇäó ÃóÑóãóÏó ÇáúÚóíúäö
(7) ã: Úóíúäöåö
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÌóÚóáó(8/122)
ÑóÈøóÇäöíøóÉò (1) .¡ æóßóÇäó ÝóÊúÍõ ãóßøóÉó ÈöæóÇÓöØóÊöåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÚúäóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó (2) .¡ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÞúáö¿ æóÃóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ æóÕöÍøóÊõåõ¿ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÎóíúÈóÑó áóãú ÊõÝúÊóÍú ßõáøõåóÇ Ýöí íóæúãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäóÊú ÍõÕõæäðÇ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉð¡ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝõÊöÍó ÚóäúæóÉð¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝõÊöÍó ÕõáúÍðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ßóÊóãõæÇ ãóÇ ÕóÇáóÍóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ ãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóäúåóÒöãú ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇÞúÊóáóÚó ÈóÇÈó ÇáúÍöÕúäö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÌóÚúáõåõ ÌöÓúÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " ßóÇäó ÝóÊúÍõ ãóßøóÉó ÈöæóÇÓöØóÊöåö ".
ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóíúÓó áóåõ Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó ÃóËóÑñ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ßóãóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó ÇáúÝóÊúÍó.
æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉõ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ åóÐóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÚóÒóãó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö Íóãúæóíúäö áöÃõÎúÊöåö ÃóÌóÇÑóÊúåõãóÇ ÃõÎúÊõåõ Ãõãøõ åóÇäöÆò¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÑóÊú. æóÞóÏú åóãøó ÈöÊóÒóæøõÌö (3) . ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÖöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÊóÑóßóåõ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (4) . Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó (5) : ßõäøóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÌóÚóáó ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌóäøöÈóÉö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì¡
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(1) ß: æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÞóáóÚúÊõ ÈóÇÈó ÎóíúÈóÑó ÈöÞõæøóÉò ÌõÓúãóÇäöíøóÉò Èóáú ÈöÞõæøóÉò ÑóÈøóÇäöíøóÉò
(2) ã: ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÊóÒúæöíÌö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö. ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó 5/145 - 153
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1407 - 1408 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó) .(8/123)
æóÌóÚóáó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌóäøöÈóÉö Çáúíõãúäóì (1) .¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíóÇÐöÞóÉö (2) ". æóÈóØúäö ÇáúæóÇÏöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇÏúÚõ áöíó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó» "¡ ÝóÌóÇÁõæÇ (3) íõåóÑúæöáõæäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: åóáú ÊóÑóæúäó ÃóæúÈóÇÔó ÞõÑóíúÔò¿» " ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: " «ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóÞöíÊõãõæåõãú ÛóÏðÇ Ãóäú ÊóÍúÕõÏõæåõãú ÍóÕúÏðÇ» " æóÃóÍúÝóì (4) ". ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóæóÖóÚó íóãöíäóåõ Úóáóì ÔöãóÇáöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóæúÚöÏõßõãõ ÇáÕøóÝóÇ» " ÝóãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóÝó íóæúãóÆöÐò [áóåõãú] (5) . ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇãõæåõ (6) ". . ÞóÇáó: ÝóÕóÚöÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÝóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ¡ ÝóÃóØóÇÝõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøóÝóÇ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö: ÃõÈöíÏóÊú ÎóÖúÑóÇÁõ ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ áóÇ ÞõÑóíúÔó ÈóÚúÏó Çáúíóæúãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÏóÇÑó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Ýóåõæó Âãöäñ¡ æóãóäú ÃóáúÞóì ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó Ýóåõæó Âãöäñ¡ æóãóäú ÃóÛúáóÞó ÈóÇÈóåõ Ýóåõæó Âãöäñ» ".
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (7) . ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÞóÇáó: " áóãøóÇ ÓóÇÑó ÑóÓõæáõ
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(1) ÇáúãõÌóäøöÈóÊóÇäö: åõãóÇ ÇáúãóíúãóäóÉõ æóÇáúãóíúÓóÑóÉõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÞóáúÈõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáÓøóÇÞóÉö. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) æóåõæó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò " æóÝöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: " Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíóÇÐöÞóÉö åõãõ ÇáÑøóÌøóÇáóÉõ. æóåõæó ÝóÇÑöÓöíøñ ãõÚóÑøóÈñ. . . Þöíáó: ÓõãøõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó áöÎöÝøóÊöåöãú æóÓõÑúÚóÉö ÍóÑóßóÊöåöãú
(3) ãõÓúáöãñ: ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõãú ÝóÌóÇÁõæÇ. . .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÃóßúÝóì. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) . æóÝöí " ãõÓúáöãò ": ÃóÎúÝóì¡ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö Çáäøóæóæöíøö Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò 12/132 (æóáóãú íóÔúÑóÍúåóÇ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ) æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ": " æóãöäúåõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: Ãóäú ÊóÍúÕõÏõæåõãú ÍóÕúÏðÇ¡ æóÃóÍúÝóì ÈöíóÏöåö Ãóíú ÃóãóÇáóåóÇ¡ æóÕúÝðÇ áöáúÍóÕúÏö æóÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÊúáö
(5) áóåõãú: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò
(6) ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ 12/132: " Ãóíú ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÊóáõæåõ ÝóæóÞóÚó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäõ ÈöãóÚúäóì: ÃóÓúßóäõæåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãö
(7) æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö. æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóåõæó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/146 - 147 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ Ãóíúäó ÑóßóÒó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö) æóåõæó Úóäú åöÔóÇãò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 8/6: Úóäú åöÔóÇãò (åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚõÑúæóÉó) Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö. . . åóßóÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóáóãú ÃóÑóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáØøõÑõÞö Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó ãóæúÕõæáðÇ¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÊóÑúÌóãó Èöåö æóåõæó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóæúÕõæáñ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Úóäú äóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö(8/124)
Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ¡ ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ æóÍóßöíãõ Èúäõ ÍöÒóÇãò¡ æóÈõÏóíúáõ Èúäõ æóÑúÞóÇÁó íóáúÊóãöÓõæäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ íóÓöíÑõæäó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóæúÇ ãóÑøó ÇáÙøóåúÑóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÈöäöíÑóÇäò ßóÃóäøóåóÇ äöíÑóÇäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: ãóÇ åóÐöåö¡ áóßóÃóäøóåóÇ (1) äöíÑóÇäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈõÏóíúáõ Èúäõ æóÑúÞóÇÁó: äöíÑóÇäõ Èóäöí ÚóãúÑòæ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: ÚóãúÑñæ ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó. ÝóÑóÂåõãú äóÇÓñ ãöäú ÍóÑóÓö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÏúÑóßõæåõãú¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐõæåõãú¡ ÝóÃóÊóæúÇ Èöåöãú ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÓúáóãó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóÇÑó ÞóÇáó áöáúÚóÈøóÇÓö: " «ÃóãúÓößú (2) . ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÎóØúãö ÇáúÌóÈóáö (3) . ÍóÊøóì íóäúÙõÑó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó» " ÝóÍóÈóÓóåõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóÊö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáõ ÊóãõÑøõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÊöíÈóÉð ßóÊöíÈóÉð (4) . Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ ÝóãóÑøóÊú ßóÊöíÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÚóÈøóÇÓõ ãóäú åóÐöåö¿ ÞóÇáó: [åóÐöåö] (5) . ÛöÝóÇÑñ. ÞóÇáó: ãóÇáöí æóáöÛöÝóÇÑò¿ Ëõãøó ãóÑøóÊú ÌõåóíúäóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó (6) . Ëõãøó ãóÑøóÊú ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ åõÐóíúãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó
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(1) ã: ÝóßóÃóäøóåóÇ
(2) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ 5/147: ÇÍúÈöÓú
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò (ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 8/8) : " Ãóíú ÃóäúÝö ÇáúÌóÈóáö "
(4) ã: ßóÊöíÈóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ßóÊöíÈóÉò
(5) åóÐöåö: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú. æóåöíó Ýöí " ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö "
(6) : ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ëõãøó ãóÑøóÊú ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ åõÐóíúãò ÝóÞóÇáó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) . æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : Ëõãøó ãóÑøóÊú ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ åöäúÏò. . . . æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó " ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö "(8/125)
ãöËúáó Ðóáößó. Ëõãøó ãóÑøóÊú Óõáóíúãñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÞúÈóáóÊú ßóÊöíÈóÉñ áóãú íóÑó ãöËúáóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ãóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ (1) Úóáóíúåöãú ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó¡ ãóÚóåõ ÇáÑøóÇíóÉõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Çáúíóæúãó íóæúãõ ÇáúãóáúÍóãóÉö¡ Çáúíóæúãó ÊõÓúÊóÍóáøõ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: íóÇ ÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÍóÈøóÐóÇ (2) íóæúãõ ÇáÐøöãóÇÑö (3) .¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁóÊú ßóÊöíÈóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÞóáøõ ÇáúßóÊóÇÆöÈö¡ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÑóÇíóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÑøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÞóÇáó: Ãóáóãú ÊóÚúáóãú ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó¿ ÞóÇáó: " «æóãóÇ ÞóÇáó» ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: " «ßóÐóÈó ÓóÚúÏñ¡ æóáóßöäú åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ íõÚóÙøöãõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó (4) æóíóæúãñ ÊõßúÓóì Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ " Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑó Ãóäú ÊõÑúßóÒó ÑóÇíóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÌõæäö» .
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÔÌÇÚÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå íæã Íäíä æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) .: " æóÝöí ÛóÒóÇÉö (6) . Íõäóíúäò ÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÊóæóÌøöåðÇ (7) Ýöí ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÂáóÇÝò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡
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(1) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ãóäú åóÐöåö¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ. . . .
(2) ä¡ Ó: åóÐóÇ æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãöäú (ã) . æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò (ÝóÊúÍó ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 8/8) : " æóãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: íóæúãõ ÇáÐøöãóÇÑö¡ æóåõæó ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö Çáúãöíãö¡ Ãóíö ÇáúåóáóÇßö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ: Êóãóäøóì ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ íóÏñ ÝóíóÍúãöíó Þóæúãóåõ æóíóÏúÝóÚó Úóäúåõãú. æóÞöíáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ íóæúãõ ÇáúÛóÖóÈö áöáúÍóÑöíãö æóÇáúÃóåúáö æóÇáöÇäúÊöÕóÇÑö áóåõãú áöãóäú ÞóÏóÑó Úóáóíúåö. æóÞöíáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ íóáúÒóãõßó Ýöíåö ÍöÝúÙöí æóÍöãóÇíóÊöí ãöäú Ãóäú íóäóÇáóäöí ãóßúÑõæåñ "
(4) Ó¡ È: ÊõÚóÙøóãõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.¡
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 186 (ã)
(6) Ó¡ È: ÛóÒúæóÉö
(7) ß: ãõÊóæóÌøöåðÇ Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí. . .(8/126)
ÝóÚóÇäóåõãú (1) . ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóäú äõÛúáóÈó (2) Çáúíóæúãó ãöäú ßóËúÑóÉò¡ ÝóÇäúåóÒóãõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö (3) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ (4) ÊöÓúÚóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóÃóíúãóäõ Èúäõ Ãõãøö Ãóíúãóäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó [íóÖúÑöÈõ] (5) . Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóÞóÊóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ ÝóÇäúåóÒóãõæÇ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÝóÚóÇäóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò " ÝóßóÐöÈñ (6) . ãõÝúÊóÑðì¡ æóåóÐöåö ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ Þóæúáóåõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÇäóåõãú. æóÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑõ: áóäú äõÛúáóÈó Çáúíóæúãó ãöäú ÞöáøóÉò. ÝóÅöäøóåõ (7) ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú (8) . ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " áóãú íóÈúÞó ãóÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÊöÓúÚóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò " åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí " ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö " (9) 86.: " ÈóÞöíó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÝóÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóãöãøóäú (10) ËóÈóÊó ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ (11) ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö
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(1) ÊóÍúÊó ßóáöãóÉö " ÚóÇäóåõãú " Ýöí " ß " ßõÊöÈó ßóáóÇãñ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö íóÈúÏõæ Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑúÍñ áóåóÇ. æóÚóÇäóåõãú: Ãóíú ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóíúäö æóÍóÓóÏóåõãú
(2) ß: áóäú íóÛúáöÈõæÇ. . .
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö. .
(4) ß: ÛóíúÑõ
(5) íóÖúÑöÈõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(6) ã: Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ
(7) ÝóÅöäøóåõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(8) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã)
(9) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 4/85 -
(10) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÝöíãóäú. . .
(11) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö.(8/127)
æóÇÈúäõåõ¡ æóÇáúÝóÖúáõ [Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö] ¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö (1) .¡ æóÃõÓóÇãóÉõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÃóíúãóäõ Èúäõ Ãõãøö Ãóíúãóäó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚõÏøõ Ýöíåöãú (2) . ÞõËóãó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ íóÚõÏøõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó " (3) . åóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö [íóÖúÑöÈõ] (4) . ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÊóáó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ ".
Ýóßõáøõ (5) åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóãøóÇ æóÇÝóæúÇ æóÇÏöíó Íõäóíúäò ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÑõãóÇÉð ÝóÑóãóæúåõãú ÑóãúíóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóæóáøóæúÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóãøõåõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóßóÇäó ÔóÇÚöÑðÇ íóåúÌõæ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÓúáóãó ÝóÍóÓõäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ¡ ÝóËóÈóÊó ãóÚóåõ íóæúãóÆöÐò.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ: " áóÒöãúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóáóãú äõÝóÇÑöÞúåõ " (6) . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÚóÇÒöÈò: " «æóÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó Ãóäú íõäóÇÏöíó Ýöíåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÌóåúæóÑöíøó (7) . ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ ÝóäóÇÏóì:
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ È: æóÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó " ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò " æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ
(2) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 4/86: æóÃóíúãóäõ Èúäõ Ãõãøö Ãóíúãóäó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÞõÊöáó íóæúãóÆöÐò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÇÓúãõ ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÌóÚúÝóÑñ¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉõ. æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚõÏøõ Ýöíåöãú
(3) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóáóÇ íóÚõÏøõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó
(4) íóÖúÑöÈõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(5) È: ßõáøõ
(6) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇáøóÐöí ÓóæúÝó ÃóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ - (Õ 162 ä 4) .
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ ÌóæúåóÑöíøó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ(8/128)
íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö: íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: íóÚúäöí ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ¡ ÝóÐóßøóÑóåõãú ÈöÈóíúÚóÊöåö áóåõãú åõäóÇßó Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóÝöÑøõæÇ æóÚóáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö (1) . (2) (3) . Úóáóíúåö ÚóØúÝóÉó ÇáúÈóÞóÑö (4) . Úóáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó» "¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ßóÝøðÇ ãöäú ÍóÕúÈóÇÁó ÝóÑóãóì ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãó¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «ÇäúåóÒóãõæÇ æóÑóÈøö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö» " (5) . .
æóßóÇäó Úóáóì ÈóÛúáóÊöåö æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ:
«
ÃóäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóÇ ßóÐöÈú ... ÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈú
»
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (6) . .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö¡ æóÓóÃóáóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÞóÇáó: ÃóßõäúÊõãú æóáøóíúÊõãú íóæúãó Íõäóíúäò íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚõãóÇÑóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ æóáøóì¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÇäúØóáóÞó ÃóÎöÝøóÇÁõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÍõÓøóÑñ (7) Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóíøö ãöäú åóæóÇÒöäó¡ æóåõãú
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(1) ã: Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóÝöÑøõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö
(2) ¡ ÝóÊóäóÇÏóæúÇ: íóÇ áóÈøóíúßó¡ æóÚóØóÝõæÇ
(3) Ó¡ È: ÝóÚóØóÝõæÇ
(4) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1398 - 1400 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Íõäóíúäò) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 3/208 - 210¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3/327 - 328. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -
(6) ÊóÝúÕöíáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÊøóÇáöí - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ -
(7) Ãóíö ÇäúØóáóÞó äóÝóÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎöÝóÇÝðÇ áóÇ ÓöáóÇÍó ãóÚóåõãú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí " ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö " 2/307: " ÎöÝóÇÝõåõãú æóÃóÎöÝøóÇÄõåõãú æóåõãóÇ ÌóãúÚõ ÎóÝöíÝò " æóÞóÇáó: " ÍõÓøóÑðÇ: æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ ãóÊóÇÚó ãóÚóåõãú æóáóÇ ÓöáóÇÍó " æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò 12/118 " ÇáúÍóÇÓöÑõ ãóäú áóÇ ÏöÑúÚó Úóáóíúåö ".(8/129)
Þóæúãñ ÑõãóÇÉñ¡ ÝóÑóãóæúåõãú ÈöÑöÔúÞò (1) " ãöäú äóÈúáò¡ ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÑöÌúáñ ãöäú ÌóÑóÇÏò (2) .¡ ÝóÇäúßóÔóÝõæÇ¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó ÇáúÞóæúãõ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö íóÞõæÏõ ÈóÛúáóÊóåõ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó¡ æóÏóÚóÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóäúÕóÑó æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: «
ÃóäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóÇ ßóÐöÈú ... ÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈú
¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÃóäúÒöáú äóÕúÑóßó» ". ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ: æóßõäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúãóÑøó ÇáúÈóÃúÓõ äóÊøóÞöí Èöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÔøõÌóÇÚõ ãöäøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íõÍóÇÐöí Èöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (3) .
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö «áóãøóÇ ÛóÔõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÒóáó Úóäö ÇáúÈóÛúáóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÈóÖó ÞóÈúÖóÉð ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÈöåóÇ æõÌõæåóåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÔóÇåóÊö ÇáúæõÌõæåõ " (4) . ÝóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóáóÃó Úóíúäóíúåö ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúÞóÈúÖóÉö¡ ÝóæóáøóæúÇ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó¡ ÝóåóÒóãóåõãú (5) . Çááøóåõ¡ æóÞóÓøóãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö
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(1) ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ 12/118: " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøöÔúÞõ ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö Ýóåõæó ÇÓúãñ áöáÓøöåóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÑúãöíåóÇ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÏõÝúÚóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð.
(2) ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ 12/120: " íóÚúäöí ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÞöØúÚóÉñ ãöäú ÌóÑóÇÏò¡ æóßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÔõÈøöåóÊú ÈöÑöÌúáö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö áößóæúäöåóÇ ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäúåõ "
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1400 - 1401 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Íõäóíúäò) æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ: 5/153 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóíóæúãó Íõäóíúäò ÅöÐú ÃóÚúÌóÈóÊúßõãú ßóËúÑóÊõßõãú. . .) 4/32 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóÛúáóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÈóíúÖóÇÁö) ¡ 4/43 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÕóÝøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúåóÒöíãóÉö) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/117 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáËøóÈóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/289¡ 304
(4) ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ 62/122: " Ãóíú ÞóÈõÍóÊú "
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóåóÒóãóåõãú(8/130)
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóäóÇÆöãóåõãú Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó» ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ (1) .
[ÝÕá ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎÇãÓ ÅÎÈÇÑ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÈÇáÛíæÈ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö æóÇáúßóÇÆöäö ÞóÈúáó ßóæúäöåö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö Åöáóì ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö ÞóÇáó (3) : áóÇ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏóÇäö (4) . ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏóÇäö (5) . ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó Ýöí (6) . . æóßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó (7) . æóÃóÎúÈóÑó æóåõæó ÈöÐöí ÞóÇÑò ÌóÇáöÓñ áöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö: íóÃúÊöíßõãú ãöäú ÞöÈóáö (8) . ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÃóáúÝõ ÑóÌõáò¡ áóÇ íóÒöíÏõæäó æóáóÇ íóäúÞõÕõæäó¡ íõÈóÇíöÚõæäóäöí (9) . Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóßóÇäó ÂÎöÑóåõãú ÃõæóíúÓñ ÇáúÞóÑóäöíøõ.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö Ðöí ÇáËøõÏóíøóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÔóÎúÕñ ÈöÚõÈõæÑö ÇáúÞóæúãö Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö (10) . ÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóäú
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(1) Ó¡ È: ãõÓúáöãñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ Úóäú ÅöíóÇÓö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1402 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Íõäóíúäò) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/219 - 220 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÔóÇåóÊö ÇáúæõÌõæåõ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/286.
(2) Ýöí ß Õ 186 (ã) - 188 (ã) .
(3) ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(4) ß: íõÑöíÏóÇäö
(5) ß: íõÑöíÏóÇäö
(6) (ß) : ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó¡ æóßóÊóÈó ÝóæúÞõ " ÇáúÛóÏúÑóÉó " æóÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉõ ÇáÊøóÕúæöíÈö
(7) ä: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ¡ ã: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: ß: ÝóßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.
(8) ÞöÈóáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(9) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ ß: íõÈóÇíöÚõæäöí¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È)
(10) ß: ÞóÖöíøóÉö(8/131)
íõÚúÈõÑõæÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÂÎóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóãú (1) . íóÚúÈõÑõæÇ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ - æóÇááøóåö - áóãóÕúÑóÚõåõãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÔóåúÑóÈóÇäó ÈöÃóäøó ÇááøóÚöíäó íóÞúØóÚõ íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö æóíóÕúáõÈõåõ (2) ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó Èöåö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Ðóáößó.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöíËóãó ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑó (3) . ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÕúáóÈõ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÏóÇÑö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : áóäú
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó (Ó: ÈöÃóäøó) ÔóåúÑóÈóÇäó ÇááøóÚöíäó íóÞúØóÚõ íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö æóíóÕúáõÈõåõ¡ (È) æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ÔóåúÑóÈóÇäó ÇááøóÚöíäó íõÞúØóÚõ íóÏóÇåõ æóÑöÌúáóÇåõ æóíõÕúáóÈõ¡ ß: æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó Èúäó ãõÓúåöÑò ÈöÃóäøó ÇááøóÚöíäó íóÞúØóÚõ íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö æóíóÕúáöÈõ. æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ. æóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÔøöíøó ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó Èúäó ãõÓúåöÑò ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøó Ýöí " ÑöÌóÇáöåö " Õ 98 Ø. ßóÑúÈóáóÇÁó¡ ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÇÑöíÎò æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ - ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäöíøõ -: " ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÌöíãö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúæóÇæö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáúíóÇÁö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáÑøóÇÁö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúíóÇÁö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ëõãøó åóÇÁò. æóãõÓúåöÑñ ÈöÖóãøö Çáúãöíãö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáÓøöíäö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáúåóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ äöÓúÈóÉñ Åöáóì Èóäöí ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏö¡ æóÈóäõæ ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏö ãõÕóÛøóÑðÇ ÈóØúäñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ÎóÈøóÇÈö Èúäö ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó. æóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö íóÞúÕöÏõ ÈöÇááøóÚöíäö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " 2/18 ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÇáó: " Ñóæóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÚóäúåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãóÍúÈõæÈò æóÌóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÑøö "¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ Ýöí ÑöÌóÇáö " ÇáØøõæÓöíøö "¡ Õ 37 æóÞóÇáó: " ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÓúåöÑò: ÚóÑóÈöíøñ ßõæÝöíøñ ".
(3) ä¡ Ó: ãöÓúãóÇÑó ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑó¡ ã: ãöÓúãóÑó ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑó¡ È: ãöÓúãóÇÑðÇ ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑó¡ ß: ãöíÊóãó ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑó. æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúßóÔøöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö " Õ 74 - 81 æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÕóáúÈöåö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ÈöÚóÔóÑóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò. æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö " 3/479 æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÏóÑóÌóÊóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóáúÌóãó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóäóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÒøöÑößúáöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö " 8/294 ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ æóÍóÏøóÏó ÓóäóÉó ãóÞúÊóáöåö 60 åÜ. æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ Ýöí " ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáØøõæÓöíøö " Õ 79 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ: " ãöíËóãõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Ãóæú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑõ ÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÇáõåõ ÃóÔúåóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íõÐúßóÑó¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏõæãö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö (Ú) Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ÈöÚóÔóÑóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò æóÕõáöÈó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞõØöÚó áöÓóÇäõåõ "(8/132)
ÍõÑóíúËò (1) ÚóÇÔöÑó ÚóÇÔöÑóÉò¡ æóåõæó (2) ÃóÞúÕóÑõåõãú ÎóÔóÈóÉð¡ æóÃóÑóÇåõ ÇáäøóÎúáóÉó ÇáøóÊöí íõÕúáóÈõ (3) . ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÑõÔóíúÏðÇ ÇáúåóÌóÑöíøó (4) ÈöÞóØúÚö íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ æóÕóáúÈöåö¡ æóÞóØúÚö áöÓóÇäöåö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó (5) .
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ßõãóíúáó Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏò (6) -. Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó íóÞúÊõáõåõ (7) .¡ æóÃóäú ÞóäúÈóÑðÇ íóÐúÈóÍõåõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ ÝóæóÞóÚó.
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(1) ã¡ ß: ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÍõÑóíúËò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÍõÑóíúËö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáúãóÎúÒõæãöíøõ ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóáöíó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö áöÒöíóÇÏò Ëõãøó áöÇÈúäöåö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö æóãóÇÊó ÈöåóÇ¡ áóåõ 18 ÍóÏöíËðÇ. æõáöÏó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÈöÓóäóÊóíúäö æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 85 åÜ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 2/524¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 5/243 - 244.
(2) ß: åõæó
(3) ßóáöãóÊóÇ " ÇáøóÊöí íõÕúáóÈõ " ÛóíúÑõ ÙóÇåöÑóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ß)
(4) ä¡ ã: ÑõÔúÏðÇ ÇáúåóÌóÑöíøó¡ Ó: ÑõÔúÏðÇ ÇáúÈóÍúÑöíøó¡ È: ÑóÇÔöÏðÇ ÇáúÈóÍúÑöíøó. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ãöäú (ß) æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ Ýöí " ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáØøõæÓöíøö " Õ. 73 æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúßóÔøöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö " Õ. 71 - 73 æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÕóáúÈöåö æóÞóØúÚö íóÏóíúåö æóÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö " 2/51 - 52 æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÌõæÒúÌóÇäöíøõ: ßóÐøóÇÈñ ÛóíúÑõ ËöÞóÉò. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ÑõÔóíúÏñ ÇáúåóÌóÑöíøõ ßõæÝöíøñ¡ ßóÇäó íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇáÑøóÌúÚóÉö " æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÒöíóÇÏðÇ ÞóØóÚó áöÓóÇäóåõ æóÕóáóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÏóÇÑö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÍõÑóíúËò. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãõÍöÈøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì " Õ 520
(5) ß: ÝóæóÞóÚó ßóÐóáößó.
(6) È: ßõåóíúáó Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóåõæó ßõãóíúáõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö äóåöíßò¡ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ ËöÞóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 12 æóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ ÓóäóÉó 82. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 8/447 - 448¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 1/91 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 6/93. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ßõãóíúáö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú Þöíáó Úóäúåõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÛúÊóÇáó ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ
(7) ß: ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó íóÞúÊõáõåõ ÝóæóÞóÚó(8/133)
æóÞóÇáó áöáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò: Åöäøó ÇÈúäöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäó íõÞúÊóáõ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÕõÑõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ (1) ÈöãóæúÖöÚö ÞóÊúáöåö.
æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöãõáúßö Èóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÎúÐö ÇáÊøõÑúßö Çáúãõáúßó ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãõáúßõ Èóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö íóÓöíÑñ (2) áóÇ ÚõÓúÑó Ýöíåö¡ áóæö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÊøõÑúßõ æóÇáÏøóíúáóãõ æóÇáúåöäúÏõ (3) æóÇáúÈóÑúÈóÑõ æóÇáØøóíúáóÓóÇäõ Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÒöíáõæÇ ãõáúßóåõãú ãóÇ ÞóÏóÑõæÇ Ãóäú íõÒöíáõæåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÔöÐøó Úóäúåõãú (4) ãóæóÇáöíåöãú æóÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ ÏóæúáóÊöåöãú¡ æóíõÓóáøóØõ (5) . Úóáóíúåöãú ãóáößñ ãöäó ÇáÊøõÑúßö íóÃúÊöí Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÈóÏóÃó (6) . ãõáúßõåõãú¡ áóÇ íóãõÑøõ ÈöãóÏöíäóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÊóÍóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÑúÝóÚõ áóåõ ÑóÇíóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ äóßøóÓóåóÇ¡ Çáúæóíúáõ Ëõãøó (7) Çáúæóíúáõ áöãóäú äóÇæóÃóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ßóÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì íóÙúÝóÑó Èöåöãú (8) ¡ Ëõãøó íóÏúÝóÚõ ÙóÝóÑóåõ Åöáóì ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÚöÊúÑóÊöí¡ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóíóÚúãóáõ Èöåö (9) .¡ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó (10) ßóÐóáößó ; ÍóíúËõ ÙóåóÑó åõæáóÇßõæ ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÉö (11) . ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó.
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÃóÎúÈóÑó
(2) ß: íõÓúÑñ
(3) ß: æóÇáÓøöäúÏõ æóÇáúåöäúÏõ
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÊóÔõÏøó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ã: ÊóÔúÊóÏøó Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß)
(5) ß: ÊõÓóáøóØõ
(6) ß: åóÐóÇ
(7) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(8) Èöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(9) ã: æóíóÚúÊóãöÏõ Èöåö
(10) ß: æóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ. . . .
(11) ã: äóÍúæö(8/134)
æóãöäúåõ ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó (1) ãõáúßõ Èóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÍóÊøóì ÈóÇíóÚó áóåõãú (2) . ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøõ ". (3) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÝöí ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöÃóÖúÚóÇÝö Ðóáößó¡ æóáóíúÓõæÇ ãöãøóäú íóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ åõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåöãú¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ æóÛóíúÑö ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ.
æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍóÏøöËõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÃóÖúÚóÇÝö Ðóáößó. æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íõÓúäöÏõåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ ÊóÇÑóÉð íõÓúäöÏõåõ æóÊóÇÑóÉð áóÇ íõÓúäöÏõåõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
æóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöãøóÇ ßõæÔöÝó åõæó Èöåö. æóÚóãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉõ Ýöí ßóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú¡ ãöËúáó ãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÒøõåúÏö " áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æó " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " æó " ÕóÝúæóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö " æó " ßóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " áöÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇááøóÇáúßóÇÆöíøö - ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÑóÇãóÇÊö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ßóÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö äóÇÆöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøö ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãóÇ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÕøóåúÈóÇÁö¡ æóÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóÛóíúÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú Úóáöíøñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ.
(2) ã: ÍóÊøóì äóÇÒóáóåõãú¡ ß: ÍóíúËõ ÈóÇíóÚó áóåõãú
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ËóÇÈöÊñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ(8/135)
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊõ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ (1 æóÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÕöÍøóÊõåõ 1) (1) .¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ: åóáú åõæó ÕöÏúÞñ Ãóãú ßóÐöÈñ¿
ÝóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú ãóáößö ÇáÊøõÑúßö ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÏúÝóÚú ÙóÝóÑóåõ Åöáóì ÑóÌõáò ãöäö ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ æóÖóÚóåõ ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæåõãú (2) . .
æóÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈóÉõ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÇÊö ßõáøõåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ ãöËúáõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÌóÝúÑö " æó " ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉö " æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó. (3) .
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó [ÚöäúÏóåõ] (4) . Úöáúãñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÕøóåõ Èöåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áóÚóáöíøò: åóáú ÚöäúÏóßõãú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúæóÍúíö ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÝóáóÞó ÇáúÍóÈøóÉó æóÈóÑóÃó ÇáäøóÓóãóÉó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÝóåúãðÇ íõÚúØöíåö Çááøóåõ ÑóÌõáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö. ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÝößóÇßõ ÇáúÃóÓöíÑö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÞúÊóáó ãõÓúáöãñ ÈößóÇÝöÑò (5) . .
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÕøóåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ.
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(1) (1 - 1) : ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõåõãú
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/464 - 465
(4) ÚöäúÏóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 10(8/136)
æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: " «ÍóÝöÙúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÌöÑóÇÈóíúäö: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÝóÈóËóËúÊõåõ Ýöíßõãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ Ýóáóæú ÃóÈõËøõåõ áóÞóØóÚúÊõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈõáúÚõæãó» " ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ (1) .¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÕøó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÈöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÌöÑóÇÈö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÃóÍúÝóÙó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ; ÝóÍóÝöÙó ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÝóÙúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ: " æóÇááøóåö Åöäøöí áóÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Èößõáøö ÝöÊúäóÉò Ó¡ È:. . ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÝöÊúäóÉò. . åöíó ßóÇÆöäóÉñ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóãóÇ Èöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÓóÑøó Åöáóíøó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËúåõ ÛóíúÑöí¡ æóáóßöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó æóåõæó íõÍóÏøöËõ ãóÌúáöÓðÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÞóÇáó: «Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäó ÇáÑøóåúØö ÛóíúÑõåõ» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: " «ÞóÇãó ÝöíäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÞóÇãðÇ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÔóíúÆðÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãöåö Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö¡ ÍóÝöÙóåõ ãóäú ÍóÝöÙóåõ¡ æóäóÓöíóåõ ãóäú äóÓöíóåõ» " (3) .
æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó (4) . Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò: ÞóÇáó: " «Õóáøóì
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/31 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÚöáúãö) æóÝöíåö " æöÚóÇÁóíúäö " ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäú " ÌöÑóÇÈóíúäö "
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/2216 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ Åöáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/123 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö ÞóÏóÑðÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2217 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ Åöáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö)
(4) Ó¡ È: ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 2/515¡ ÃõÓúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö 6/128 - 129 æóåõæó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÃóÎúØóÈó Èúäö ÑöÝóÇÚóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò¡ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÈößõäúíóÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: ÚóÇÔó ãöÇÆóÉð æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð(8/137)
ÈöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÙøõåúÑõ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ÝóÕóáøóì ÈöäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ÝóÕóáøóì ÈöäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÈöãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ¡ ÝóÃóÚúáóãõäóÇ ÃóÍúÝóÙõäóÇ» " (1) .
æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÃóÓúáóãó ÚóÇãó ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÕúÍóÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚö Óöäöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáúÌöÑóÇÈõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáÏøöíäö: Úöáúãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóäö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÉö¡ ãöËúáö ÇáúÝöÊóäö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÑóÊú Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó: ÝöÊúäóÉö ÇáúÌóãóáö¡ æóÕöÝøöíäó¡ æóÝöÊúäóÉö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóãóÞúÊóáö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãöãøóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊóäö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: áóæú ÍóÏøóËóßõãú ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÎóáöíÝóÊóßõãú¡ æóÊóÝúÚóáõæäó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ áóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÐóÈó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÓøöÑøö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÐóåóÈó ÚóáúÞóãóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó íóÓøöÑú áöí ÌóáöíÓðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ ÝóÌóáóÓó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö: ãöãøóäú ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö. ÞóÇáó: ÃóáóíúÓó ãöäúßõãú - Ãóæú Ýöíßõãú - ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÌóÇÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö äóÈöíøöåö - íóÚúäöí ãöäó
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/2217 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ Åöáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö) .(8/138)
ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö: íóÚúäöí ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ -¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ: Èóáóì. ÞóÇáó: ÃóáóíúÓó ãöäúßõãú - Ãóæú Ýöíßõãú - ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÓøöÑøö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ: Èóáóì. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (1) . .
æóÐóáößó ÇáÓøöÑøõ (2) ßóÇäó ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåõ ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäö äóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ åóãøõæÇ ÈöÃóäú íóÍõáøõæÇ ÍöÒóÇãó äóÇÞóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇááøóíúáö áöíóÓúÞõØó¡ ÝóÃóÚúáóãóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ ÝóÚóÑøóÝóåõ Èöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáúãóíøöÊõ ÇáúãóÌúåõæáõ ÍóÇáõåõ áóÇ íõÕóáøöí Úóáóíúåö ÚõãóÑõ ÍóÊøóì íõÕóáøöíó Úóáóíúåö ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ ; ÎóÔúíóÉó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó.
æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÇÊö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ.
æóÇáúÛõáóÇÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó [ßóÇäõæÇ] (3) . íóÏøóÚõæäó Úöáúãó Úóáöíøò ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ ; ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÈóÚúÖöåóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõ æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ áóßó (4) . Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÇÊö Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö æóÍõÑõæÈöåö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ßóÇäó íóÙõäøõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ ÝóíóÊóÈóíøóäõ áóåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/28 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - 8/62 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃõáúÞöíó áóåõ æöÓóÇÏóÉñ) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/338 - 339 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -) Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Úóäú ÎóíúËóãóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÈúÑóÉó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 6/449¡ 450¡ 450 - 451
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóßöäú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøöÑøó. . .
(3) ßóÇäõæÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ðóáößó(8/139)
Ùóäøó¡ æóáóæú Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ íóÌúÑöí ãóÇ ÌóÑóì áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáúåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóæú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÃóÚóÒøó æóÇäúÊóÕóÑó (1) .¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÊóÍúÊó æöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú ÖóÚõÝó ÃóãúÑõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó ãóÚóåõãú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí (2) . ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ ãöËúáó ãöÕúÑó æóÇáúíóãóäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒõ ÏõæóáðÇ.
æóáóæú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Íóßøóãó ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö íóÍúßõãóÇäö ÈöãóÇ ÍóßóãóÇ áóãú íõÍóßøöãúåõãóÇ. æóáóæú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÒöáóÇåõ¡ áóãú íõæóáøö ãóäú íõæóÇÝöÞõ Úóáóì ÚóÒúáò¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ ÇáúÍóßóãõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ (3) .¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ãóäú ÃóÔóÇÑó Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇÑóÊöåö Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÞöíãó áóåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíõ ÃóÍúÒóãó ÚöäúÏó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÕóÍõæäóåõ æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó - ÃóÈóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó - äóÌúÑóÇäó (4) .¡ æóßóÇäó æóÇáöíðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ßóÇäó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÅöÓúáóÇãðÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóáóãú íóÊøóåöãú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÈöäöÝóÇÞò¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÃóÈöíåö.
æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóáøóì ÃóÎóÇåõ - íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó - ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ áóãøóÇ æóáøóì ÎóÇáöÏðÇ æóÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóíóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó áóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍõæÇ ÇáÔøóÇãó¡ ÈóÞöíó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú ãóÇÊó ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ
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(1) ã: áóæú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÃóÚóÒøõ æóÃóäúÕóÑõ¡ Ó: áóæú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÚóÒøó æóäóÕóÑó¡ È: áóæú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú Ýöí ÚöÒøò æóäóÕúÑò
(2) ã: ÊóÍúÊó
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö " Úóäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúßöíãö æóÕöÍøóÉö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöí ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -¡ Õ 172 - 181
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó äóÌúÑóÇäó¡ ÃóÈóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó(8/140)
ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóÎöíåö æóÃóÈöíåö¡ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ åõæó íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáøóÐöí Êóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÐóÇßó æõáöÏó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú Óõãøöíó (1) . ÈóÇÓöãö Úóãøöåö¡ (* ÝóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö íóÙõäøõæäó íóÒöíÏó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö *) (2) . æóÈóÚúÖõ ÛóáøóÇÊöåöãú (3) íóÌúÚóáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÂÎóÑöíäó íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ Ãóæú ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó (4) .
æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóáóÚóäó ÞóÇÊöáóåõ - ÞõÊöáó ãóÙúáõæãðÇ ÔóåöíÏðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÎöáóÇÝöåö (5) ¡ áóßöäøóåõ åõæó áóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÙúåöÑö ÇáÑøöÖóÇ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇäúÊóÕóÑó ãöãøóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ.
æóÑóÃúÓõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Íõãöáó Åöáóì ÞõÏøóÇãö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÖöíÈö Úóáóì ËóäóÇíóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (6) . .
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(1) ã: æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó íõÓóãøóì
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) ã: ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãú
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÎóáöíÝóÉõ Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ ã: ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö. æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (Ó) ¡ (È) ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉó " æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö " ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓøóÇÎö æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö.
(6) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/26 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/325 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö. . ÇáúÍóÓóäö. . æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö. . - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/261 ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö 8/190(8/141)
æóÃóãøóÇ Íóãúáõåõ Åöáóì ÚöäúÏö íóÒöíÏó (1) . ÝóÈóÇØöáñ. æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ (2) . .
æóÚóãøõåõ íóÒöíÏõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ åõæó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó æóáøóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóßóÇäó ÃóÎöíåö. æóÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÃóÚúáóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóÃóÍúÐóÞöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÓøöíóÇÓóÉö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö Çáúåóæóì¡ áóãú íõæáøö Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÎúÊóÇÑõ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÕúáóÍó áóåóÇ ; Ýóáóãú íõæóáøö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏõåõ ãöãøóäú íóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö.
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó (3) ÒóÇÏó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÌóãóÚó áóåõ ÇáÔøóÇãó. æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáÔøóÇãõ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÇÚò: ÝöáóÓúØöíäó¡ æóÏöãóÔúÞó¡ æóÍöãúÕó¡ æóÇáúÃõÑúÏõäøó. Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝõÕöáóÊú ÞöäøóÓúÑöíäó æóÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäú ÑõÈúÚö ÍöãúÕó¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÚõãøöÑóÊú ÍóáóÈõ æóÎõÑøöÈóÊú ÞöäøóÓúÑöíäõ¡ æóÕóÇÑóÊö ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãõ ÏõæóáðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
æóÃóÞóÇãó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ äóÇÆöÈðÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ Ëõãøó Êóæóáøóì ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ ÔóÇßöÑõæäó áöÓöíÑóÊöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ ÑóÇÖõæäó Èöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóØóÇÚõæåõ Ýöí ãöËúáö ÞöÊóÇáö Úóáöíøò.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú æöáóÇíóÊõåõ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãöäú æöáóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ áóãú Êóßõäú ÊóÍöáøõ æöáóÇíóÊõåõ. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ßóÇäó
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(1) ã: Åöáóì íóÒöíÏó
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö " 8/192: " æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Ýöí ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö åóáú ÓóíøóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò Åöáóì íóÒöíÏó Ãóãú áóÇ¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíøóÑóåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÂËóÇÑñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ". æóÇäúÙõÑö " ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉó æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó " 8/191 - 198
(3) ä¡ ã: Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÚõËúãóÇäõ. æóÝöí (ã) ÔóØúÈñ Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉö " ÚõËúãóÇäó ".(8/142)
ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ãöãøóäú (1) íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ãóÚõæäóÉñ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú Ýöíåö Ùõáúãñ¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáÔøóÑøõ ÇáúãóÏúÝõæÚõ ÈöæöáóÇíóÊöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ÈöæöáóÇíóÊöåö.
æóÃóíúäó ÃóÎúÐõ ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞõÊöáõæÇ ÈöÕöÝøöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÚöÒøñ æóáóÇ ÙóÝóÑñ¿ !
ÝóÏóáøó åóÐóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÍóÇÒöãöíäó. æóÚóáöíøñ ÅöãóÇãñ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ¡ áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉð.
áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúßóæóÇÆöäó ßóÇäó ÞóÏú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÅöÞúÑóÇÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÃóÕúáóÍõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÑúÈö ÕöÝøöíäó¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑøö æóÊóÖóÇÚõÝõåõ¡ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú æöáóÇíóÊõåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÎóíúÑðÇ æóÃóÞóáøó ÔóÑøðÇ ãöäú ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÙóäøõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊöåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ìóåúáó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÉó¡ Èóáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóÉó: íóÏøóÚõæäó Úóáóíúåö Úöáúãó ÇáúÛóíúÈö¡ ãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöíóÉö áöÐóáößó¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö ãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõæäó ãóÚóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÕõÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇãó (2) . ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÈöÓóíúÝöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãóÚó ÖóÚúÝö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
Ëõãøó íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãöäú ÚóÌúÒöåö Úóäú ãõÞóÇæóãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÖóÚúÝöåö ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó
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(1) ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöãøóäú. .
(2) È: ÃóÞóÇãó(8/143)
ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇáñ íóÓúÊóÚúØöÝõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÞóÈöíáóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ íóäúÕõÑõæäóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóæóÇáò¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÈóíúÚóÊöåö¡ áóÇ ÈöÑóÛúÈóÉò æóáóÇ ÈöÑóåúÈóÉò. æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚöåö ÃóÞúÏóÑó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÇÑóÈõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈößóËöíÑò¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó (1) . åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÏóÝóÚó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó (2) . ãõÑöíÏðÇ áöÏóÝúÚö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóßóÇäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÞúÏóÑó¡ áóßöäøóåõãú íóÌúãóÚõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóíúäö.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóÑúÈöåö áöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÞóÏú ÞõåöÑó æóÚóÓúßóÑõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ æóÊóÍúÊó ØóÇÚóÊöåö ãóäú åõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÍúÊó ØóÇÚóÉö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóåõæó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÞúåóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÚóÓúßóÑóåõ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÕóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÖóÚúÝö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÞöáøóÊöåöãú ; áóßóÇäó ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÚóÓúßóÑöåö Úóáóì ÚóÓúßóÑö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÃóÞúÏóÑó Úóáóì ÞóåúÑö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÌóíúÔöåö ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÞóåúÑö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó Êöáúßó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÈóíúäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÌúÒö æóÇáÖøóÚúÝö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ÌóÇåöáñ ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖñ¿ !
Èóáú åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÕúÑó ßóÇäó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóíøóÏóåõ ÈöäúÕöÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóíøóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÃúíöíÏõåõ ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÊóÃúíöíÏöåö ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò.
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æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáó Ãóäøóåõ äóÏöãó Úóáóì ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöãøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: áóÞóÏú ÚóÌöÒúÊõ ÚóÌúÒóÉð áóÇ ÃóÚúÊóÐöÑú ÓóæúÝó ÃóßöíÓõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ æóÃóÓúÊóãöÑú æóÃóÌúãóÚõ ÇáÑøóÃúíó ÇáÔøóÊöíÊó ÇáúãõäúÊóÔöÑú.
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æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÑóÃúíõåõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö. æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÈöÊóÕúæöíÈö ÇáúÍóÓóäö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (1) - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇÈúäöí åóÐóÇ ÓóíøöÏñ¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íõÕúáöÍõ Èöåö Èóíúäó ÝöÆóÊóíúäö ÚóÙöíãóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó» " (2) . ÝóãóÏóÍó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö.
æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÚõæÏó Úóäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö æóÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßó Úóäö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóÍóÈøóÉó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö áöáúÚóãóáö ÈöÙõåõæÑö ËóãóÑóÊöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóäúÝóÚó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì Çááøóåö
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æóÑóÓõæáöåö. æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÑóÃúíó ÇáúÍóÓóäö ßóÇäó ÃóäúÝóÚó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; áöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ æó [Ýöí] åóÐóÇ (1) . .
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æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ßóÇäó íóßúÑóåõ ÇáÏøõÎõæáó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö. ÃóãøóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇÚúÊóÒóáó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó¡ ÝóØóáóÈóåõ Úóáöíøñ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ãóÚó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö. ßóãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÒóáó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÝõÖóáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ãöËúáó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
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æóÕóÇÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÍúÒóÇÈò:
ÍöÒúÈñ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó ÈöÍóÞøò¡ æóíóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóãúÑõßõãú Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó Èóíúäó ÌóãóÇÚóÊößõãú ÝóÇÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÚõäõÞóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó» " (3) . . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåõæó ÌóÇÁó æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÊóåõãú.
æóÍöÒúÈñ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ Èóáú íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ãóäú áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏú ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ ßóÇÝöÑñ.
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æóÇáúÍöÒúÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ - æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö - íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó ãóÙúáõæãðÇ ÔóåöíÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ áóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ ÈöæóÌúåò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËó ÇÈúäó Úóãøöåö ÚóÞöíáðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÝóÈóáóÛóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ¡ ÝóØóáóÈó (1) . ÇáÑøõÌõæÚó Åöáóì ÈóáóÏöåö¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÊóáóÊúåõ¡ ÝóØóáóÈó ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈõæÇ Èöåö Åöáóì íóÒöíÏó¡ Ãóæú íóÊúÑõßõæåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ãóÏöíäóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú íóÊúÑõßõæåõ íóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáËøóÛúÑö áöáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚõæÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóØóáóÈõæÇ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÃúÓöÑó áóåõãú áöíóÃúÎõÐõæåõ ÃóÓöíÑðÇ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Êóãúßöíäõåõ ãöãøóÇ ØóáóÈó¡ ÝóÞóÇÊóáõæåõ ÙóÇáöãöíäó áóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãõÑöíÏðÇ áöÊóÝúÑöíÞö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ØóÇáöÈðÇ áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó Úóáóì ØóáóÈö ÎöáóÇÝóÉò¡ Èóáú ÞóÇÊóáó ÏóÝúÚðÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö áöãóäú ÕóÇáó Úóáóíúåö æóØóáóÈó ÃóÓúÑóåõ.
æóÙóåóÑó ÈõØúáóÇäõ Þóæúáö ÇáúÍöÒúÈö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍöÒúÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÈõØúáóÇäõ Þóæúáöåö íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò: ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑöåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íõßóÝøöÑú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì æóáóÇ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈóì ÐõÑøöíøóÉó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ Ûóäöãó ãóÇáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Íóßóãó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ Íóßóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí Èóäöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ Èóáú Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó íóÊóÑóÖøóì (2) . Úóäú ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ æóíóÍúßõãõ Ýöíåöãú æóÝöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ãõäóÇÏöíóåõ äóÇÏóì íóæúãó ÇáúÌóãóáö: " áóÇ íõÊúÈóÚõ ãõÏúÈöÑñ¡
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æóáóÇ íõÌúåóÒõ Úóáóì ÌóÑöíÍò¡ æóáóÇ íõÛúäóãõ ãóÇáñ " (1) . æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÍóÊøóì äóÇÙóÑóåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖóÊö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ (2) . Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Úóäú ÞóÊúáóì ÚóÓúßóÑö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó: Åöäøóåõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ ãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ áóíúÓõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö. æóßóÐóáößó ÚóãøóÇÑñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÈöÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ [æóßóÇäó ÈöÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ÃóíúÖðÇ] (3) . ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ äóÇÕöÈóÉñ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÊõÈúÛöÖõ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ (4) . ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ÊõÈúÛöÖõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Óóíóßõæäõ Ýöí ËóÞöíÝò ßóÐøóÇÈñ æóãõÈöíÑñ» " (5) . . ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ ÇáøóÐöí ÝöíåóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó Èúäó ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ åõæó ÇáúãõÈöíÑó¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ íóÊóÔóíøóÚõ áöÚõËúãóÇäó æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ÔöíÚóÉó Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ íóÊóÔóíøóÚõ áóÚóáöíøò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇÊóáó ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏò æóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó íóÃúÊöíåö ; ÝóÙóåóÑó ßóÐöÈõåõ.
æóÇäúÞóÓóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö åóÐóÇ íóæúãó (6) . ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó - ÇáøóÐöí ÞõÊöáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ - Åöáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö: ÝóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇÊøóÎóÐóÊúåõ íóæúãó ãóÃúÊóãò æóÍõÒúäò íõÝúÚóáõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãõäúßóÑóÇÊö ãóÇ
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉó æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó 7/245
(2) ã: ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ
(3) ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåóÇ áöíóÓúÊóÞöíãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ
(4) ã: æóÝóÇØöãóÉó æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/69
(6) È: Ýöí íóæúãö(8/148)
áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóÖóáøöåöãú¡ æóÞóæúãñ ÇÊøóÎóÐõæåõ (1) ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ íõæóÓøöÚõæäó Ýöíåö Ýöíåö: (2) . ÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóØúÚöãóÉö æóÇááøöÈóÇÓö¡ æóÑóæóæúÇ Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉð¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " «ãóäú æóÓøóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáöåö íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó æóÓøóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÇÆöÑó ÓóäóÊöåö» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (3) . ÞóÇáó ÍóÑúÈñ ÇáúßöÑúãóÇäöíøõ: ÓõÆöáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ. æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ íóÑúæöíåö ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúÊóÔöÑö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÈóáóÛóäóÇ «Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú æóÓøóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáöåö íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó æóÓøóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÇÆöÑó ÓóäóÊöåö» . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ÌóÑøóÈúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÊóÔöÑö åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÝõÖóáóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäú íóÐúßõÑõ ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ æóáóÇ Úóãøóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ (4) . . æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóÕøöÈöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ áöíõÊøóÎóÐó íóæúãõ ÞóÊúáöåö ÚöíÏðÇ¡ ÝóÔóÇÚó åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò: Ãóäøó íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ÌóÑóì ßóÐóÇ æóÌóÑóì ßóÐóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ßóÇäóÊú íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó¡ ãöËúáó ãóÌöíÁö ÞóãöíÕö íõæÓõÝó Åöáóì íóÚúÞõæÈó æóÑóÏøö ÈóÕóÑöåö¡ æóÚóÇÝöíóÉö ÃóíøõæÈó¡ æóÝöÏóÇÁö ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÐóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " (5) . æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ åõæó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáäøõæÑö Ýöí
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÇÊøóÎóÐóÊúåõ
(2) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 2/69¡ 4/329
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóáóÇ ãóäú ÈóáøóÛóåõ¡ ã: æóÅöáóì ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú: " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 2/199 - 204(8/149)
ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö æóÇáÔøõåõæÑö " (1) . æóÐóßóÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö äóÇÕöÑò ÔóíúÎöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÝóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " æóåõæó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãöäúåõ. æóÇÈúäõ äóÇÕöÑò ÑóÇÌó Úóáóíúåö ÙõåõæÑõ ÍóÇáö ÑöÌóÇáöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáÔøóÑúÚö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏõáøöÓó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó (2) . ÃõÎóÑó¡ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó äõÓöÈóÊú Åöáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ãöäúåõ¡ ãöËúáó ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÐóåøóÈö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì (3) .¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò¡ ãöäúåõ ÈóÏóÃó¡ æóÅöáóíúåö íóÚõæÏõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäøó ÑöæóÇíóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÚóÒúæõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö áöÃóÍúãóÏó ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ (4) . ; ÝóÅöäøó ãõÓúäóÏóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Ýöíåö.
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(1) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÑóÌóÈò Ýöí " ÇáÐøóíúáö Úóáóì ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö " 1/420 æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ: ãõÌóáøóÏñ "
(2) ã: ÃóßóÇÐöíÈó
(3) ã: Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì
(4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóåõäóÇßó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉõ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö " 1/4 - 7 ãöäúåóÇ. . . Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÝóÑó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ßõáøõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ßóáóÇãõåõ ãöäúåõ ÈóÏóÃó æóÅöáóíúåö íóÚõæÏõ æóÓóíóÌöíÁõ ÃóÞúæóÇãñ. . . ÅöáóÎú. æóÐóßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚöÑóÇÞò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö " 1/134 - 135¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ Ýöí " ÇáúÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚóÉö " Õ 57¡ 259 æóÇäúÙõÑú Þóæúáóåõ (Õ 479) : æóÞóÇáó " ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÑúÔóÇÏö) : æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÌóãöíÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ãóäóÒøóáñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - "(8/150)
æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ÅöãóÇãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúãöÍúäóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì áóåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Ýöí ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÍúÊóÌøõ áöÃóäøó (1) . ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò ÈöÍõÌóÌò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉò Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÞóØøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÚöäúÏóåõ æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö¿ ! æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ æóßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÏóÓøóåõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò ÝóÞóÑóÃóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÑóÇÌó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó Ýöí ÝóÖúáöåö åõæó Õóæúãõåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõßóÝøöÑõ ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó äóÌøóì Ýöíåö ãõæÓóì ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÞö¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ Ýöíåö - Óöæóì ÇáÕøóæúãö - ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ãóßúÑõæåóÉñ¡ áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöÈøóåóÇ (2) . ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ãöËúáó ÇáöÇßúÊöÍóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö¡ æóØóÈúÎö ÇáúÍõÈõæÈö¡ æóÃóßúáö áóÍúãö ÇáúÃõÖúÍöíóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóæúÓöíÚö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóÕúáõ åóÐóÇ ãöäö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÚö ÞóÊóáóÉö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóäóÍúæöåöãú (3) .
æóÃóÞúÈóÍõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäö ÇÊøöÎóÇÐöåö ãóÃúÊóãðÇ íõÞúÑóÃõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÕúÑóÚõ¡ æóíõäúÔóÏõ Ýöíåö ÞóÕóÇÆöÏõ ÇáäøöíóÇÍóÉö¡ æóíõÚóØøöÔõæäó Ýöíåö ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú¡ æóíóáúØöãõæäó Ýöíåö (4) . ÇáúÎõÏõæÏó¡ æóíóÔõÞøõæäó ÇáúÌõíõæÈó¡ æóíóÏúÚõæäó Ýöíåö ÈöÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö.
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(1) ã: Ãóäøó
(2) ã: áóãú íõÈöÍúåóÇ
(3) áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÑöÓóÇáóÉñ ÃóÌóÇÈó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáò ÚóãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí íóæúãö ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö äõÔöÑóÊú Ýöí ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö Ì. 25 Õ 299 - 317.
(4) Ýöíåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä)(8/151)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú ÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÎõÏõæÏó æóÔóÞøó ÇáúÌõíõæÈó æóÏóÚóÇ ÈöÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö» " (1) . .
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÍóÏóËóÇäö ÇáúÚóåúÏö ÈöÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó (2) . ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉò æóäóÍúæö ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¿ æóÞóÏú ÞõÊöáó ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÚóáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ãóÃúÊóãðÇ.
æóÝöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó Úóäú (3) ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö - æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú ÔóåöÏóÊú ÞóÊúáóåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ãöäú ãõÓúáöãò íõÕóÇÈõ ÈöãõÕöíÈóÉò¡ ÝóíóÐúßõÑõ ãõÕöíÈóÊóåõ æóÅöäú ÞóÏõãóÊú¡ ÝóíõÍúÏöËõ áóåóÇ ÇÓúÊöÑúÌóÇÚðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌúÑö ãöËúáó ÃóÌúÑöåö íóæúãó ÃõÕöíÈó ÈöåóÇ» " (4) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑóÊú¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÞóÇÏóãó ÚóåúÏõåóÇ¡ Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÑúÌóÚó (5) .¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÈóÔøöÑö ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó - ÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊúåõãú ãõÕöíÈóÉñ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó - ÃõæáóÆößó Úóáóíúåöãú ÕóáóæóÇÊñ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÑóÍúãóÉñ æóÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 155 - 157] .
æóÃóÞúÈóÍõ ãöäú Ðóáößó äóÊúÝõ ÇáäøóÚúÌóÉö ÊóÔúÈöíåðÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÇáØøóÚúäõ Ýöí ÇáúÌöÈúÓö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÌóæúÝöåö Óóãúäñ ÊóÔúÈöíåðÇ áóåõ ÈöÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: íóÇ ËóÇÑóÇÊö ÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó! Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ãõäúßóÑóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåóÇ.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/52¡ 53
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÊóßõæäõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/551.
(5) ä¡ Ó: Ýöí ÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúÌóÇÚõ ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑóÊú æóÅöäú ÊóÞóÇÏóãó ÚóåúÏõåóÇ(8/152)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö Ýóåõæó ãõäúßóÑñ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ãóäú íõÞóÇÈöáõ ÈöÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉó¡ æóíõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõäúßóÑñ ãõÈúÊóÏóÚñ. æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ãóÇ Óóäøóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåöíó ÈóÑöíøóÉñ ãöäú ßõáøö ÈöÏúÚóÉò¡ ÝóãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ãöäö ÇÊøöÎóÇÐöåö ÚöíÏðÇ ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ÃóÕúáõåóÇ ãöäú ÈöÏóÚö ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö¡ æóãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ ãöäö ÇÊøöÎóÇÐöåö ãóÃúÊóãðÇ ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ÃóÔúäóÚõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó Ó¡ È. . . ÇáúÃõãõæÑó æóÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ. .
[ÝÕá ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÓÇÏÓ Ãä ÚáíÇ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ßÇä ãÓÊÌÇÈ ÇáÏÚæÉ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÌóÇÈó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö (2) . ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÈõÓúÑö Èúäö ÃóÑúØóÃóÉó (3) ÈöÃóäú íóÓúáõÈóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÚóÞúáóåõ ÝóÎõæáöØó Ýöíåö¡ æóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóíúÒóÇÑö (4) ÈöÇáúÚóãóì ÝóÚóãöíó¡ æóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÃóäóÓò (5) áóãøóÇ
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 188 (ã) - 189 (ã) .
(2) ã: ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ ß: ÈöÔúÑó Èúäó ÃóÑúØóÇåú. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ. æóåõæó ÚõãóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÚõæóíúãöÑö Èúäö ÚöãúÑóÇäó. ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 1/152 æóÞóÇáó: " ÈõÓúÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÑúØóÇÉó Ãóæö ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃóÑúØóÇÉó. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃóÑúØÇÉó ÝóÞóÏú æóåöãó " ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 7/409¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 1/435 - 436¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 2/23 æóæóÝóÇÊõåõ Ýöíåö ÓóäóÉó 23) .
(4) ß: ÇáúÛóíúÒóÇÑö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóíúÒóÇÑö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÎúäóÓö¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö 5/89 (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) .
(5) ß: ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò.(8/153)
ßóÊóãó ÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÑóÕö ÝóÃóÕóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó ÈöÇáúÚóãóì ÝóÚóãöíó " (1) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ãóÇ ÏóÇãó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÄúãöäñ. æóßóÇäó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò áóÇ ÊõÎúØöÆõ áóåõ ÏóÚúæóÉñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÓóÏøöÏú ÑóãúíóÊóåõ æóÃóÌöÈú ÏóÚúæóÊóåõ» " (2) . æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõËúäõæäó ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÓõÆöáó Úóäúåõ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÓò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐú ÃóäúÔóÏúÊõãõæäóÇ ÓóÚúÏðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúÏöáõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÓöãõ ÈöÇáÓøóæöíøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏñ: " Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ ÞóÇãó ÑöíóÇÁð æóÓõãúÚóÉð¡ ÝóÃóØöáú ÚõãúÑóåõ¡ æóÚóÙøöãú ÝóÞúÑóåõ¡ æóÚóÑøöÖúåõ áöáúÝöÊóäö " ÝóßóÇäó íõÑóì æóåõæó ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ¡ ÊóÏóáøóì ÍóÇÌöÈóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÈóÑö¡ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áöáúÌóæóÇÑöí íóÛúãöÒõåõäøó Ýöí ÇáØøõÑõÞóÇÊö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: " ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ ãóÝúÊõæäñ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊúäöí ÏóÚúæóÉõ ÓóÚúÏò " (3) .
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(1) ß: - ÝóÚóãöíó¡ æóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÍóÓøóÇäó Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò ÈöÚóãóì ÞóáúÈöåö ÈóÚúÏóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú Úóãöíó¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí ÒõÞóÇÞö ãóßøóÉó ÈöáóÇ ÚóÕðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇ áóãú íóÚõÏú (Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö: áóãú íóÌöÏú) íóåúÊóÏöí ØóÑöíÞðÇ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 3/500. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ åóÇäöÆö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáÔøóÌóÑöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÔóíúÎñ ËöÞóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö " æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/147 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö áöáúÅöãóÇãö æóÇáúãóÃúãõæãö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ßõáøöåóÇ.) ãõÓúáöãò 1/334 - 335 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ýöí ÇáÙøõåúÑö æóÇáúÚóÕúÑö) Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/135 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÝúÊöÊóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøõßõæÏö Ýöí ÇáÑøóßúÚóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõæáóíóíúäö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/264.(8/154)
æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÌóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö. ÝóÑóæóì ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÑúæóì ÈöäúÊó ÃóæúÓò ÇÓúÊóÚúÏóÊú ãóÑúæóÇäó Úóáóì ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: " ÓóÑóÞó ãöäú ÃóÑúÖöí ãóÇ ÃóÏúÎóáóåõ Ýöí ÃóÑúÖöåö " ÝóÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏñ: " Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßóÇÐöÈóÉð ÝóÃóÐúåöÈú ÈóÕóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÇÞúÊõáúåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÖöåóÇ " ÝóÐóåóÈó ÈóÕóÑõåóÇ¡ æóãóÇÊóÊú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖöåóÇ (1) .
æóÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò ßóÇäó íõÞúÓöãõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÝóíóÈóÑøõ ÞóÓóãóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «Åöäøó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏö Çááøóåö ãóäú áóæú ÃóÞúÓóãó Úóáóì Çááøóåö áóÃóÈóÑøóåõ¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò» " (2) .
æóÇáúÚóáóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö¡ äóÇÆöÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ëõãøó äóÇÆöÈõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö¡ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÈöÅöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö. Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ ÞóÇáó Óóåúãõ Èúäõ ãöäúÌóÇÈò: ÛóÒóæúäóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÏóÇÑöíäó (3) ¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÈöËóáóÇËö ÏóÚóæóÇÊò¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó Çááøóåõ áóåõ Ýöíåöäøó ßõáøöåöäøó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓöÑúäóÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóäóÒóáúäóÇ ãóäúÒöáðÇ¡ æóØóáóÈúäóÇ ÇáúæõÖõæÁó¡ Ýóáóãú äóÞúÏöÑú Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÝóÕóáøóì ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇ Çááøóåó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõ íóÇ Úóáöíãõ íóÇ Íóßöíãõ¡ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ íóÇ ÚóÙöíãõ¡ ÅöäøóÇ ÚóÈöíÏõßó¡ æóÝöí ÓóÈöíáößó äõÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóÏõæøóßó¡ ÝóÇÓúÞöäóÇ ÛóíúËðÇ äóÔúÑóÈõ ãöäúåõ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1230 - 1231 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÇÞóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÛóÕúÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ) æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 1640 - 1649.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/482.
(3) ÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊñ Ýöí " ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö " ÏóÇÑöíäõ ÝõÑúÖóÉñ ÈöÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íõÌúáóÈõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãöÓúßõ ãöäó ÇáúåöäúÏö¡ æóÇáäøöÓúÈóÉõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÏóÇÑöíøñ. . . æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÓóíúÝò " Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇÞúÊóÍóãõæÇ Åöáóì ÏóÇÑöíäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ãóÚó ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÝóÃóÌóÇÒõæÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóáöíÌó ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö. . . æóÅöäøó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóÇÍöáö æóÏóÇÑöíäó ãóÓöíÑóÉó íóæúãò æóáóíúáóÉò áöÓóÝóÑö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÇáóÇÊö ".(8/155)
æóäóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÍúÏóÇËö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú Ýöíåö äóÕöíÈðÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÛóíúÑöäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇ ÌóÇæóÒúäóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóÚöíÏò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÈöÆúÑò ãöäú ãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÊóÊóÏóÝøóÞõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÒóáúäóÇ ÝóÑóæóíúäóÇ (1) ¡ æóãóáóÃúÊõ ÅöÏóÇæóÊöí (2) ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÑóßúÊõåóÇ æóÞõáúÊõ: áóÃóäúÙõÑóäøó åóáö ÇÓúÊõÌöíÈó áóåõ¿ ÝóÓöÑúäóÇ ãöíáðÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí: Åöäøöí äóÓöíÊõ ÅöÏóÇæóÊöí (3) ¡ ÝóÌöÆúÊõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúãóßóÇäö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ãóÇÁñ ÞóØøõ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐúÊõ ÅöÏóÇæóÊöí (4) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÏóÇÑöíäó¡ æóÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõãõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ áöáøóåö ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõ íóÇ Úóáöíãõ íóÇ Íóßöíãõ¡ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ íóÇ ÚóÙöíãõ¡ ÅöäøóÇ ÚóÈöíÏõßó æóÝöí ÓóÈöíáößó äõÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóÏõæøóßó¡ ÝóÇÌúÚóáú áóäóÇ ÓóÈöíáðÇ Åöáóì ÚóÏõæøößó. Ëõãøó ÇÞúÊóÍóãó ÈöäóÇ (5) ÇáúÈóÍúÑó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÇÈúÊóáøóÊú ÓõÑõæÌõäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚúäóÇ ÇÔúÊóßóì ÇáúÈóØúäó ÝóãóÇÊó¡ Ýóáóãú äóÌöÏú ãóÇÁð äõÛóÓøöáõåõ¡ ÝóáóÝóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöí ËöíóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÏóÝóäøóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓöÑúäóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóÚöíÏò ÅöÐóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöãóÇÁò ßóËöíÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÈóÚúÖò: ÇÑúÌöÚõæÇ äóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌúåõ ÝóäõÛóÓøöáúåõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚúäóÇ ÝóÎóÝöíó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÞóÈúÑõåõ¡ Ýóáóãú äóÞúÏöÑú Úóáóíúåö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö: Åöäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÏúÚõæ Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõãøó íóÇ Úóáöíãõ íóÇ Íóßöíãõ¡ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ íóÇ ÚóÙöíãõ¡ ÇÎúÝö ÍõÝúÑóÊöí¡ æóáóÇ ÊõØúáöÚú Úóáóì ÚóæúÑóÊöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚúäóÇ æóÊóÑóßúäóÇåõ (6) .
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÏóÚóÇ ÈöÏóÚóæóÇÊò ÃõÌöíÈó ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ äóÇÒóÚóåõ ÈöáóÇáñ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö - ÞöÓúãóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö - ÝóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇßúÝöäöí ÈöáóÇáðÇ æóÐóæöíåö " ÝóãóÇ ÍóÇáó ÇáúÍóæúáõ æóãöäúåõãú Úóíúäñ ÊóØóÑöÝõ (7) .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÊóÑóæøóíúäóÇ.
(2) ã: ÅöÏóÇæöíäóÇ¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóÏóæóÇÊöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÃóÏóæóÇÊöí.
(4) Ó¡ È: ÃóÏóæóÇÊöí.
(5) Ó¡ È¡ ãóÚóäóÇ.
(6) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö " 1/290 (Ø. ÍóíúÏóÑó ÂÈóÇÏó¡ 1355) .
(7) ÓóÈóÞó ÐößúÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì.(8/156)
æóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó ÞóÏú (1) ßóÈöÑóÊú Óöäøöí¡ æóÇäúÊóÔóÑóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÊöí¡ ÝóÇÞúÈöÖúäöí Åöáóíúßó ÛóíúÑó ãóÝúÊõæäò æóáóÇ ãõÖóíøöÚò " ÝóãóÇÊó ãöäú ÚóÇãöåö (2) .
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ýöí " ãõÌóÇÈöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö " ßöÊóÇÈðÇ (3) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕóÕó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó Úóäú Úóáöíøò áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö¡ ßóÏõÚóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÃóäóÓò ÈöÇáúÈóÑóÕö¡ æóÏõÚóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó ÈöÇáúÚóãóì.
[ÝÕá ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí: ÇáÓÇÈÚ Ãäå áãÇ ÊæÌå Åáì ÕÝíä áÍÞ ÃÕÍÇÈå ÚØÔ ÔÏíÏ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÊóæóÌøóåó Åöáóì ÕöÝøöíäó áóÍöÞó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ÚóØóÔñ ÔóÏöíÏñ¡ ÝóÚóÏóáó Èöåöãú ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇÍó áóåõãú ÏóíúÑñ ÝóÕóÇÍõæÇ ÈöÓóÇßöäöåö¡ ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÝóÑúÓóÎóíúäö¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøöí ÃõæÊóì ãóÇ íóßúÝöíäöí (5) ßõáøó ÔóåúÑò Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÊöíÑö áöÊóáöÝúÊõ ÚóØóÔðÇ¡
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(1) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " Õ. 180 Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÒóÇÏó: æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ÝóãóÇ ÇäúÓóáóÎó Ðõæ ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö ÍóÊøóì ØõÚöäó ÝóãóÇÊó ".
(3) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ãõÍóÏøöËñ¡ áóåõ ãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÚúÙö æóÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 208 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 281. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÝóæóÇÊö ÇáúæóÝóíóÇÊö 1/494 - 495¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 6/12 - 13¡ ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 6/131¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 4/260 æóÊõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö " ãõÌóÇÈõæ ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö " äõÓúÎóÉñ ÎóØøöíøóÉñ Ýöí ãóßøóÉó ßõæÈúÑöíáøöí ÈöÊõÑúßöíóÇ ÑóÞúãõ 1584¡ æóÊõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ãõÕóæøóÑóÉñ Ýöí ãóÚúåóÏö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÇÊö ÈöÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö (ÊóÕóæøõÝñ æóÂÏóÇÈñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ ÑóÞúãõ 454) .
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 188 (ã) - 189 (ã) .
(5) ã: ÃõæÊóì ÈöãóÇ íóßúÝöíäöí ß: ÃõæÊóì ÈöãóÇÁò íóßúÝöíäöí.(8/157)
ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöáóì ãóßóÇäò ÞóÑöíÈò ãöäó ÇáÏøóíúÑö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈößóÔúÝöåö¡ ÝóæóÌóÏõæÇ ÕóÎúÑóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð¡ ÝóÚóÌöÒõæÇ Úóäú ÅöÒóÇáóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóáóÚóåóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÔóÑöÈõæÇ ÇáúãóÇÁó¡ ÝóäóÒóáó Åöáóíúåöãú (1) ÇáÑøóÇåöÈõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (2) : ÃóäúÊó äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ Ãóæú ãóáóßñ ãõÞóÑøóÈñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó (3) : áóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøöí æóÕöíøõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏöåö (4) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóíúÑó Èõäöíó Úóáóì ØóÇáöÈö åóÐöåö (5) ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö¡ æóãóÎúÑóÌõ ÇáúãóÇÁö ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ãóÖóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ (6) ÞóÈúáöí áóãú íõÏúÑößõæåõ. æóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇåöÈõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóäö ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóäóÙóãó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó (7) ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÞóÕöíÏóÊöåö " (8) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóÙõäøõåóÇ (9) ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóäóÇÞöÈö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚó åóÐöåö ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÈöÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóãóÇÏöÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞóÈóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÕóÎúÑóÉò ÝóæóÌóÏõæÇ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ ÇáúãóÇÁó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóáóÚóåóÇ. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íóÌúÑöí áöÎóáúÞò ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - (10) - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúãõÍöÈøöíäó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò
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(1) ß: Åöáóíúåö
(2) ã: æóÞóÇáó¡ ß: ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ.
(3) ß: ÃóäúÊó ãóáóßñ ãõÞóÑøóÈñ Ãóæú äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ¿ ÞóÇáó. .
(4) ã: íóÏóíúåö.
(5) ß: Úóáóì ØóÇáöÈò ÞóÇáöÚò åóÐöåö. . .
(6) Ó¡ È: æóÞóÏú ãóÖóì ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉó.
(8) ß:. . ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ýöí ÞóÕöíÏóÊöåö ÇáúãõÐóåøóÈóÉö.
(9) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íóØúáõÈõåóÇ.
(10) Ó¡ È: Úóäúåõãú.(8/158)
æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ãóäú íóÌúÑöí áóåõãú ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÑóì Úóáóì íóÏö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ßóÇäó äöÚúãóÉð ãöäó Çááøóåö æóßóÑóÇãóÉð áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó áöãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ßóËöíÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö: " Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóíúÑó Èõäöíó Úóáóì ØóÇáöÈö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö¡ æóãóÎúÑóÌõ ÇáúãóÇÁö ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ".
ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÈúäóì ÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓõ æóÇáÏøóíøóÇÑóÇÊõ æóÇáÕøóæóÇãöÚõ Úóáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÏöíóÉö ÈöÓöíóÑö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÝóáóÇ íóÈúäõæäó ãóÚóÇÈöÏóåõãú - æóåöíó ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó æóíõÐúßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ - ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇÓúãö Çááøóåö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÇÓúãö ãóÎúáõæÞò.
æóÞóæúáõ (1) ÇáÑøóÇåöÈö: " ÃóäúÊó äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ Ãóæú ãóáóßñ ãõÞóÑøóÈñ " íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ìóåúáöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÖóáøö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóÇ ÊóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúãóÇÁó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ [Åöáóì] (2) Ãóäú ÊóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌóåõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÕóÎúÑóÉò. æóãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇåöÈó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÊóÍõæÇ Êöáúßó ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÈúÚóËó ÑóÓõæáñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ÝóãõÍóãøóÏñ åõæó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ æóãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊõåõ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÈóÇØöäóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÏøóÞóåõ ÝóÞóÏú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÏøöÞúåõ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö Úóáóì ãóÇÁò ÊóÍúÊó ÕóÎúÑóÉò¡ Ãóæú áößóæúäö ÇáÏøóíúÑö Èõäöíó Úóáóì ÇÓúãöåö¡ æóåõãú íóÈúäõæäó ÇáÏøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö Úóáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÎóáúÞò ßóËöíÑò áóíúÓõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáÑøõÓõáö¿ !
æóãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò: " æóáóßöäøöí æóÕöíøõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó "
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÝóÞóæúáõ.
(2) Åöáóì: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä)(8/159)
åõæó ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÏøóÚö åóÐóÇ ÞóØøõ¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóáóÇ áóíóÇáöí ÕöÝøöíäó. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ãóÚó ãõäóÇÒöÚöíåö ãõäóÇÙóÑóÇÊñ æóãóÞóÇãóÇÊñ¡ ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì åóÐóÇ ÞóØøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ áóåõ. æóÞóÏú Íóßøóãó ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò áöãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÝóÖóÇÆöáóåõ æóÓóæóÇÈöÞóåõ æóãóäóÇÞöÈóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóØøõ Ãóäøóåõ æóÕöíøõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö¡ ÈöÏõæäö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÉö áöäóÞúáöåö áóæú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¿ !
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ ÝóÖóÇÆöáóåõ æóãóäóÇÞöÈóåõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÛóÏðÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ [æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ» ] " (1) .
æóßóÞóæúáöåö ÚóÇãó ÊóÈõæßó: " «ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑúÖóì Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí» " (2) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó» " (3) ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæõæÇ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ãóÓöíÓö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÐößúÑöåö [æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ Úóáöíøñ ÞóØøõ ãóÚó ãóÓöíÓö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÐößúÑöåö] (4) - Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóÇåõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó.
[ÝÕá ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáËÇãä ÞÊá Úáí áßÝÇÑ ÇáÌä æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ: «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóì Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö ; ÍóíúËõ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Úóäö
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(1) æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ 4/289.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/501 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: æóÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö. . . . 5/42.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/34
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÞóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 189 (ã) .(8/160)
ÇáØøóÑöíÞö (1) ¡ æóÃóÏúÑóßóåõ Çááøóíúáõ¡ ÈöÞõÑúÈö (2) æóÇÏò æóÚúÑò¡ ÝóåóÈóØó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøó (3) ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäú ßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáúÌöäøö ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÈúØóäõæÇ ÇáúæóÇÏöíó íõÑöíÏõæäó ßóíúÏóåõ æóÅöíÞóÇÚó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò æóÚóæøóÐóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ (4) ÈöäõÒõæáö ÇáúæóÇÏöí¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõãú» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÃóæøóáðÇ: Úóáöíøñ ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöåúáóÇßõ ÇáúÌöäøö ãóæúÌõæÏñ áöãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáóì Úóáöíøò ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÑö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ " Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑúæöíøñ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö äóÞúáöåö¡ Ãóæú ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåö - ÝóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó [Ãóäøó] (5) ÌõãúåõæÑó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ñóæóæúåõ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ. æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ãóäú áóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ.
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇÊóáó ÇáúÌöäøó Ýöí ÈöÆúÑö ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚóáóãö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
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(1) ß: ÌõäøöÈó Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
(2) ß:. . Çááøóíúáõ ÝóäóÒóáó ÈöÞõÑúÈö.
(3) ß: ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÂÎöÑó Çááøóíúáö æóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö - Ãóäøó. .
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóÃóãóÑóåõãú¡ ã ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãú¡ ß: æóÃóãóÑó.
(5) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) .(8/161)
æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú ÊóËúÈõÊó ÇáúÌöäøõ áöÞöÊóÇáöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÓö ÇáúÌöäøó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó [ÇáúÌöäøõ] (1) ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ÇáúÌöäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó.
æóßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁö ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó ÇáäøóÇÈõáúÓöíøõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÓóÃóáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Úóäú ÞöÊóÇáö Úóáöíøò (2) ÇáúÌöäøó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö áóíúÓó áóßõãú ÚóÞúáñ¡ ÃóíøõãóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú: ÚõãóÑõ Ãóæú Úóáöíøñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáú Úóáöíøñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ íóÑúæõæäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚõãóÑó: " «ãóÇ ÑóÂßó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÓóÇáößðÇ ÝóÌøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Óóáóßó ÝóÌøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÝóÌøößó» " (3) ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóåúÑõÈõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ¿ !
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÏóÝúÚõ ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóÅöåúáóÇßõåõãú ãóæúÌõæÏñ áößóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÞöÕóÕñ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " ÍóÏöíËðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ Ýöí ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊöåö áöáúÌöäøö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö ÚóÇãó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÍóÇÑóÈóåõãú ÈöÈöÆúÑö ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚóáóãö¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÓøóÇãöÑöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáÓøóßõæäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚöãóÇÑóÉõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ÊóæóÌøóåó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó ÃóÕóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚóØóÔñ ÔóÏöíÏñ æóÍõÑøñ ÔóÏöíÏñ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó
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(1) ÇáúÌöäøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÞöíãõ Èöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ.
(2) Úóáöíøò: Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/55.(8/162)
ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (* ÇáúÍõÌúÝóÉó ãõÚóØøóÔðÇ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚöØóÇÔñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - *) (1) : " åóáú ãöäú ÑóÌõáò íóãúÖöí Ýöí äóÝóÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÚóåõãõ ÇáúÞöÑóÈõ ÝóíóÑöÏõæäó ÈöÆúÑó (2) ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚóáóãö¡ Ëõãøó íóÚõæÏõ¡ íóÖúãóäõ áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¿ "
ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚóËó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóÝóÒöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÑóÌóÚó¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚóËó ÂÎóÑó æóÃóäúÔóÏó ÔöÚúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÐõÚöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÑóÌóÚó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÝóäóÒóáó ÇáúÈöÆúÑó æóãóáóÃó ÇáúÞöÑóÈó ÈóÚúÏó åóæúáò ÔóÏöíÏò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇáøóÐöí åóÊóÝó Èößó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö åõæó ÓóãóÇÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÛõÑóÇÈò (3) ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö ãöÓúÚóÑðÇ ÔóíúØóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí íõßóáøöãõ ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÝóÒöÚó ãöäú åöÌóÇÆöí» .
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö: " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÇáúÝõäóíúÏõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÇáÓøóßõæäöíøõ ãóÌúÑõæÍõæäó. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÃóæúÏöíøõ: æóÚöãóÇÑóÉñ íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó " (4) .
ÞõáúÊõ: æóßõÊõÈõ ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáøóÊöí ÑóæóÇåóÇ Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóãóßóÇäõåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ: ÝóÞóÇáó: åóáú. . .
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÈöÈöÆúÑö
(3) È: ÓóãóÇÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÚõÒóÇÈò.
(4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " ãóÚó Øõæáö ÈóÍúËöí Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÚóáøó äõÓúÎóÉó ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßóÇäóÊú ÝöíåóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊñ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíäóÇ.(8/163)
[ÝÕá ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÊÇÓÚ ÍÏíË ÑÏ ÇáÔãÓ áÚáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: ÑõÌõæÚõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö áóåõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö: ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ: Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÈóÚúÏóåõ. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóÑóæóì ÌóÇÈöÑñ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ (2) íóæúãðÇ íõäóÇÌöíåö ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÛóÔøóÇåõ ÇáúæóÍúíõ ÊóæóÓøóÏó ÝóÎöÐó ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚú ÑóÃúÓóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ÇáúÚóÕúÑó (3) ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Óóáö Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúßó ÇáÔøóãúÓó áöÊõÕóáøöíó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ; ÝóÑõÏøóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÕóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ» .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÑó ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊó ÈöÈóÇÈöáó ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö [ÈöÊóÚúÈöíÑö] ÏóæóÇÈøöåöãú (4) ¡ æóÕóáøóì áöäóÝúÓöåö (5) Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ æóÝóÇÊó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó ÑóÏøó ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÝóÑõÏøóÊú. æóäóÙóãóåõ ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ (6) ÝóÞóÇáó:
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 189 (ã) - 190 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö. .
(3) ß (Õ 190 ã) ÝóÕóáøóì - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÇáúÚóÕúÑó.
(4) ä: ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÏóæóÇÈøóåõãú¡ ã: ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÏóæóÇÈøóåõãú¡ Ó¡ È: ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÏóæóÇÈøóåõãú. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) æóãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöäóÞúáö ÏóæóÇÈøöåöãú ÚóÈúÑó ÇáäøóåúÑö.
(5) ß: ÈöäóÝúÓöåö
(6) ß: ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ.(8/164)
ÑõÏøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ áóãøóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ... æóÞúÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÞóÏú ÏóäóÊú áöáúãóÛúÑöÈö
ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈóáøóÌó äõæÑõåóÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåóÇ ... áöáúÚóÕúÑö Ëõãøó åóæóÊú åõæöíøó ÇáúßóæúßóÈö
æóÚóáóíúåö ÞóÏú ÑõÏøóÊú ÈöÈóÇÈöáó ãóÑøóÉð ... ÃõÎúÑóì æóãóÇ ÑõÏøóÊú áöÎóáúÞò ãõÚúÑöÈò (1) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝóÖúáõ Úóáöíøò æóæöáóÇíóÊõåõ áöáøóåö æóÚõáõæøõ ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ãóÚúáõæãñ (2) ¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ËóÇÈöÊóÉò ÃóÝóÇÏóÊúäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó¡ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ ãóÚóåóÇ Åöáóì ßóÐöÈò æóáóÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ. æóÍóÏöíËõ ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö áóåõ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ¡ ßóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÚóÏøõæÇ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. áóßöäö ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõæäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " (3) ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøö Ýöí ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö (4) Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö (5) ¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: " «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö æóÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò Ýóáóãú íõÕóáøö ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ (* ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÕóáøóíúÊó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ *) (6) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãõÛúÑöÈö æóÝöí (ß) ÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÈúíóÇÊö ÈóíúÊñ ÑóÇÈöÚñ åõæó: ÅöáøóÇ áöíõæÔóÚó Ãóæú áóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåóÇ æóáöÑóÏøöåóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáõ ÃóãúÑò ãõÚúÌöÈö
(2) Ó¡ È: ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ãóÚúáõæãñ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö
(3) (3) 1/355 - 357
(4) ã: ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÓóíóÑöÏõ ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí ßóãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊóåõ åõäóÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã: Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÍóÓóäò¡ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö. æóÓóÞóØóÊú " Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö " ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãöäú (È) .
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäó " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " æóãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí " ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö " " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö "¡ " ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ".(8/165)
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊößó æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáößó¡ ÝóÇÑúÏõÏú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓó. ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ: ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõåóÇ ÛóÑóÈóÊú¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÃóíúÊõåóÇ ØóáóÚóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÛóÑóÈóÊú» ". ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (1) : " æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ (2) ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÖúØóÑóÈó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò (3) ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö (4) ¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö Úóáöíøò (5) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ". ÞóÇáó: (6) " æóÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò ÖóÚøóÝóåõ íóÍúíóì¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóíõÎúØöÆõ Úóáóì ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö: " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÏóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì Úóäúåõ " (7) .
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Ãóäøó ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò (8) ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö
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(1) Õ 356
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(4) ã: Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ æóÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 12/443 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 5/328
(6) Ãóíö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò.
(7) (7 - 7) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ".
(8) È: ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ æóÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 6/206 - 207(8/166)
ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö (1) ¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö Úóáöíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÐößúÑõåõ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (3) : " æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäõ ÔóÇåöíäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (4) ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (5) ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáÕøõæÝöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (6) ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÔóÑöíßò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÞõÔóíúÑò (7) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÝóÍóÏøóËóÊúäöí [Ãóäøó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊó ÚõãóíúÓò ÍóÏøóËóÊúåóÇ] (8) Ãóäøó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. . æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËó ÑõÌõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (9) : " æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÈóÇØöáñ. ÃóãøóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÔóÑöíßò (10) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò (11) : åõæó æóÇåöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. ÞóÇáó: æóÃóäóÇ áóÇ ÃóÊøóåöãõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚõÞúÏóÉó (12) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑóÇÝöÖöíøðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöãóËóÇáöÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ". " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäõ ÚóÏöíøò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑö Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (13) íóÞõæáõ: ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó áóÇ íóÊóÏóíøóäõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÇäó íóÍúãöáõ ÔõíõæÎðÇ (14) ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ íõÓóæøöí áóåõãú äõÓóÎðÇ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõåõãú Ãóäú íóÑúæõæåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ Ó: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö
(2) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö 1/356.
(3) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(4) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(5) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(6) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(7) Ó¡ È: Èúäö ÞóíúÓò.
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ãöäó " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö.
(9) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(10) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÔóÑöíßò. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
(11) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ.
(12) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÞõáúÊõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÊøóåöãõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚõÞúÏóÉó. .
(13) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/357 ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÈöÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò æóÝöíåö: æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑö Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÛóÇáöÈò.
(14) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÍúãöáõ ÔõíõæÎóäóÇ. . .(8/167)
ÛóíúÑö äõÓúÎóÉò (1) ¡ (* æóÓõÆöáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÌõáõ ÓõæÁò. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö: " æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÝóÑóÇåöíÌó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÏóÇæõÏõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ *) " (2) .
ÞõáúÊõ: ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó åóÐóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÈóÇÈöáó ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ (3) . æóÅöäúÔóÇÏõ ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøö áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÔúåóÏú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÞóÏöíãñ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåõ ÝóäóÙóãóåõ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÛõáõæøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÇáÐøóãøö íóäúÙöãõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÕöÍøóÊõåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáúÛõáõæøö (4) .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: " «ÛóÒóÇ äóÈöíøñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÝóÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö: áóÇ íóÊúÈóÚúäöí ÑóÌõáñ ÞóÏú ãóáóßó ÈõÖúÚó ÇãúÑóÃóÉò íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÈúäöíó ÈöåóÇ æóáóãøóÇ
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(1) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóÞóÏú ÊóíóÞøóäóÇ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÔóíúÎò ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö.
(2) ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö æóáóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÊóÑúÊöíÈõåõ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚõ Ýöí ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö 1/378 - 382 ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö 1/336 - 338 ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö Õ 350.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
(4) ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò - Ãóæú ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇãöÑò - ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö ãõÝúÑöÛò ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ¡ ÔóÇÚöÑñ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 105 æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 173 æóÞöíáó: ÓóäóÉó 178 æóÞöíáó ÓóäóÉó 179. ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: æóßóÇäó ÑóÇÝöÖöíøðÇ ÎóÈöíËðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÑóÇÞõØúäöíøõ: ßóÇäó íóÓõÈøõ ÇáÓøóáóÝó Ýöí ÔöÚúÑöåö æóíóãúÏóÍõ ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - " æóÚóÏøóåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑöíøóÉö ÇáúßóíúÓóÇäöíøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóãóÐúåóÈóåõ Ýöí: áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/436 - 438 ÝóæóÇÊö ÇáúæóÝóíóÇÊö 1/32 - 36 ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö 10/173 - 174 ÑóæúÖóÇÊö ÇáúÌóäøóÇÊö¡ Õ 29 - 31 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/320 - 321 Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/133 - 134.(8/168)
íóÈúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÞóÏú Èóäóì ÈóíúÊðÇ æóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚú ÓóÞúÝóåõ (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÇÔúÊóÑóì ÛóäóãðÇ - Ãóæú ÎóáöÝóÇÊò - æóåõæó íóäúÊóÙöÑõ (2) æöáóÇÏóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÛóÒóæúÇ¡ ÝóÏóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Õóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöáÔøóãúÓö: ÃóäúÊö ãóÃúãõæÑóÉñ æóÃóäóÇ ãóÃúãõæÑñ¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÇÍúÈöÓúåóÇ Úóáóíøó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÍõÈöÓóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍóÊøóì ÝóÊóÍó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö» " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (3) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú ÑõÏøóÊú áöíõæÔóÚó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú ÊõÑóÏøó áöÝõÖóáóÇÁö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¿
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: íõæÔóÚõ áóãú ÊõÑóÏøó áóåõ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÛõÑõæÈõåóÇ¡ Øõæøöáó áóåõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú áóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ áöáäøóÇÓö ; ÝóÅöäøó Øõæáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÞöÕóÑóåõ áóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ. æóäóÍúäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ æõÞõæÝóåóÇ áöíõæÔóÚó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú Øõæáö Ðóáößó (4) ¡ áóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ áóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó. áóßöäøó íõæÔóÚó ßóÇäó ãõÍúÊóÇÌðÇ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó ßóÇäó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ; áöÃóÌúáö ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö áóíúáóÉó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö æóíóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÃõãøóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó áóåõãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ãóäúÝóÚóÉó áóåõãú Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõÝóÑøöØðÇ áóãú íóÓúÞõØú ÐóäúÈõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóãóÚó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ÓóÞöíÝóÉð
(2) ä¡ ã: ãõäúÊóÙöÑñ.
(3) ßóáöãóÉõ " ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/86 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö. . .) 7/21 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÈöäóÇÁó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÛóÒúæö æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1366 - 1367 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúáöíáö ÇáúÛóäóÇÆöãö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 16/102 - 103
(4) ä¡ ã: áöãóäú Øõæøöáó Ðóáößó. . .(8/169)
ÑóÏøò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÝóÑøöØðÇ¡ ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáäøóÇÓöí¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóáóÇãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÈöäóÝúÓö ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈõ áöáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÕóáøöí ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÕóáøöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóáóæú ÚóÇÏóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ.
æóÞóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó ÞóÈúáó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÞóÈúáó ÛõÑõæÈöåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 130] íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúÛõÑõæÈó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö¡ æóÅöäú ØóáóÚóÊú Ëõãøó ÛóÑóÈóÊú. æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉõ ÈöÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÍóÕóáóÊú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÇÆöãõ íõÝúØöÑõ¡ æóáóæú ÚóÇÏóÊú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóãú íóÈúØõáú Õóæúãõåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó áóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ áöÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú áöÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÊóÞúÏöíÑõåóÇ ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ãóÇ áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Íõßúãò ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÝóÑøöÚöíäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ íóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ ÝóÕóáøóÇåóÇ ÞóÖóÇÁð¡ åõæó æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÓúÃóáö Çááøóåó ÑóÏøó ÇáÔøóãúÓö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõãú Åöáóì Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó: " «áóÇ íõÕóáøöíóäøó ÃóÍóÏñ ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó» ".
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áóãú íõÑöÏú ãöäøóÇ ÊóÝúæöíÊó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÕóáøóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: áóÇ äõÕóáøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó¡ Ýóáóãú íõÚóäøöÝú æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö (1) .
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóáøóæõÇ ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÈóÚúÏó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/411(8/170)
ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóáøóÇåóÇ åõæó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ãóÚóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö ; ÝóÚóáöíøñ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö áóÇ ÊõÌúÒöÆõ¡ Ãóæú äóÇÞöÕóÉð ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóæúáóì ÈöÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßóÇãöáóÉð ãõÌúÒöÆóÉð ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÑóÏøöåóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚöÙóÇãö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ æóÇáöÇËúäóÇäö Úõáöãó ÈóíóÇäõ ßóÐöÈöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÇäúÔöÞóÇÞõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö ßóÇäó ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÞúÊó äóæúãö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌõæåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (1) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò (2) ¡ æóäóÒóáó Èöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÇáøóÊöí Êóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÊóåöÑõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö äóÞúáó ãöËúáöåö¿ !
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(1) ã: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö.
(2) ÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÚóÏöíÏóÉñ ÐóßóÑóÊö ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞó ÇáúÞóãóÑö Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/206 - 207 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ãóäú íõÑöíóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÂíóÉð ÝóÃóÑóÇåõãõ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞó ÇáúÞóãóÑö æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - æóÊóßóÑøóÑóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/49 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÞóãóÑö) æóäóÕøõ ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò åõæó: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ãóßøóÉó ÓóÃóáõæÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÑöíóåõãú ÂíóÉð ÝóÃóÑóÇåõãõ ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÔöÞøóÊóíúäö ÍóÊøóì ÑóÃóæúÇ ÍöÑóÇÁó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýóåõæó: ÇäúÔóÞøó ÇáúÞóãóÑõ æóäóÍúäõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èöãöäðì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÇÔúåóÏõæÇ " æóÐóåóÈóÊú ÝöÑúÞóÉñ äóÍúæó ÇáúÌóÈóáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýóåõæó: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÇäúÔóÞøó Úóáóì ÒóãóÇäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÞóãóÑö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/142 - 143 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2158 - 2159 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãú¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÞóãóÑö) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/71 - 73 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö) æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 5/204¡ 6/12¡ 135¡ (Ø ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/165¡ 220¡ 275¡ 4/81 - 82.(8/171)
æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóØøõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÑóÌóÚóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ÛõÑõæÈöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö æóÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøöíäó æóÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö íõäúßöÑõ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞó ÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ æóãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö. áóßöäøó ÇáúÛóÑóÖó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÝóáóßö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íõäúßöÑõ ÅöãúßóÇäóåõ¡ Ýóáóæú æóÞóÚó áóßóÇäó ÙõåõæÑõåõ æóäóÞúáõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑö ãóÇ Ïõæäóåõ æóäóÞúáöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞúÈóáõ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ¿ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ áóãú íóÞóÚú.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇÍúÊóÌóÈóÊú ÈöÛóíúãò¡ Ëõãøó ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÓóÍóÇÈõåóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõãú ÙóäøõæÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÛóÑóÈóÊú¡ Ëõãøó ßõÔöÝó ÇáúÛóãóÇãõ ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ - æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó - ÝóÝöíåö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó Èóíøóäó áóåõ ÈóÞóÇÁó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÍóÊøóì íõÕóáøöíó Ýöíåö. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íóÌúÑöí áößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú ÕõäøöÝó Ýöíåö ãõÕóäøóÝñ ÌõãöÚóÊú Ýöíåö ØõÑõÞõåõ: ÕóäøóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (1) Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÍóßóÇäöíøö ÓóãøóÇåõ " ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ Ýöí ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÊóÑúÛöíÈö ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö ÇáÔøõãúÓö " (2) æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò ÇáúÎóËúÚóãöíøóÉö¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò. æóÐõßöÑó ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÝõÏóíúßò.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö) : áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏöí ãöäú ãóÑóÇÌöÚó ÔóíúÆðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝö Ãóæú Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.(8/172)
ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì - æóåõæó ÇáúÞóØúÑöíøõ - Úóäú Úóæúäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Úóäú Ãõãøöåö - Ãõãøö ÌóÚúÝóÑò - Úóäú ÌóÏøóÊöåóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Õóáøóì ÇáÙøõåúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó æóÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÚúäöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò æóáóãú íõÍóÑøößúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏóßó ÚóáöíøðÇ [Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊößó æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáößó] (1) ÇÍúÊóÈóÓó äóÝúÓóåõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö (2) ¡ ÝóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÔóÑúÞóåóÇ. ÞóÇáóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ: ÝóØóáóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó æóÕóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ» ".
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: " Ãõãøõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò åóÐöåö åöíó Ãõãøõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚóäúåóÇ åõæó ÇÈúäõåóÇ Úóæúäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ¡ ÃóÈõæåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ (3) Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ¡ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÈöÇáúÞóØúÑöíøö. ãóÍúãõæÏñ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ËöÞóÉñ. æóÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÝõÏóíúßò ÇáúãóÏóäöíøõ: ËöÞóÉñ. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ: ãöäúåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐõßöÑóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáúÃóäúØóÇßöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ (4) Úóäúåõ äóÝóÑñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑö Èúäö ÍóæúÕóÇÁó¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö¡ æóÝöíåö «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Õóáøóì ÇáÙøõåúÑó ÈöÇáÕøóåúÈóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó æóÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóáóãú íõÍóÑøößúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú
(2) ã: äóÈöíøößó
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóÍúãõæÏñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò ßóãóÇ æóÑóÏó åõäóÇ.
(4) Ó: æóÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ¡ È: æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì(8/173)
æóÓóáøóãó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏóßó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇÍúÊóÈóÓó äóÝúÓóåõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö¡ ÝóÑõÏøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÔóÑúÞóåóÇ. ÞóÇáóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ: ÝóØóáóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ æóÊóæóÖøóÃó æóÕóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóåúÈóÇÁö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó» .
ÞóÇáó: æóãöäúåõãú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÝõÏóíúßò¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö " ãöäú ÊóÃúáöíÝöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö.
æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÝõÏóíúßò¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Õóáøóì ÇáÙøõåúÑó ÈöÇáÕøóåúÈóÇÁö ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó æóÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÃúÓóåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóáóãú íõÍóÑøößúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ ÕóáøóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ» . æóÐóßóÑóåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóíóÑúæöíåö Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáÔøóåöíÏö.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäñ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: «äóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ Õóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ - Ãóæú ÎóÏøóåõ áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóãú íõÕóáøö ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ» " æóÐóßóÑóåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: " æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ ãöäúåõãú ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö(8/174)
ÇÈúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö æóÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóáóãú íõÕóáøö ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ» .
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ãóØóÑò Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö (* Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö ".
ÞõáúÊõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÝöíåö Ãóäøóåõ äóÇãó Ýöí ÍöÌúÑöåö *) (1) ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó ÈöÇáÕøóåúÈóÇÁö. æóÝöí ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóíúÞöÙðÇ íõæÍöí Åöáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ æóÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúÝõæÙò ; áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó (2) ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó äóÇÆöãðÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó íóÞúÙóÇäó íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ; ÝóÅöäøó Çáäøóæúãó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ãóßúÑõæåñ ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóäóÇãõ ÚóíúäóÇåõ æóáóÇ íóäóÇãõ ÞóáúÈõåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊóÝõæÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¿
Ëõãøó ÊóÝúæöíÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ (3) . ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÅöËúãñ ÅöÐóÇ Õóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ íóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóÇåóÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóãú ÊõÑóÏøó áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó áóãøóÇ ÊóæóÇÑóÊú ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: ÕóÑöíÍñ.
(3) ä: æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌõæÒó¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó.(8/175)
æóÞóÏú äóÇãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãóÚóåõ Úóáöíøñ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ÍóÊøóì ØóáóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÑúÌóÚú áóåõãú (1) Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑúÞö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊõ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÝúæöíÊõ (2) ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ãöäó ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ãóäú ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ æõÊöÑó Ãóåúáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ» " (3) .
æóÚóáöíøñ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúæõÓúØóì¡ æóåöíó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «ÔóÛóáõæäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúæõÓúØóì¡ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ãóáóÃó Çááøóåõ ÃóÌúæóÇÝóåõãú æóÈõíõæÊóåõãú äóÇÑðÇ» " (4) æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö æóÎóíúÈóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö.
ÝóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó [ãóËúáó] (5) åóÐöåö ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö¡ æóíõÞöÑøõåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóãóäú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãóËóÇáöÈöåö áóÇ ãöäú ãóäóÇÞöÈöåö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó. Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÇÊóÊú áóãú íóÓúÞõØö ÇáúÅöËúãõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÚóæúÏö ÇáÔøóãúÓö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ Ýöí ÎóíúÈóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøöíøóÉö ÞõÏøóÇãó ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÃóáúÝò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: Åöáóíúåöãú.
(2) ä: ÝóäóÞõæáõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/212¡ 220
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/43 - 44 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöÇáúåóÒöíãóÉö. . .) ãõÓúáöãò 1/436 - 437 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÛúáöíÙö Ýöí ÊóÝúæöíÊö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÇáúæõÓúØóì åöíó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö) ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ 202 - 206 Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/286 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö ÍóÏöíËñ 4068) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 2/31¡ 46¡ 177¡ 213.
(5) ãóËúáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(8/176)
æóíõÔóÇåöÏõæäóåõ. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóäú äóÞúáöåö ; ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóäúÝóÑöÏó ÈöäóÞúáöåö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ æóÇáöÇËúäóÇäö¡ Ýóáóæú äóÞóáóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóäóÞóáóåõ ãöäúåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ ÃóãúËóÇáóåõ¡ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ ÇáúãóÌúåõæáõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÖóÈúØõåõãú æóÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõãú.
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÓóÇäöíÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ æóÇÍöÏñ íóËúÈõÊõ¡ ÊõÚúáóãõ ÚóÏóÇáóÉõ äóÇÞöáöíåö æóÖóÈúØõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÇÊøöÕóÇáõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÇãó ÎóíúÈóÑó: " «áóÃõÚúØöíóäøó ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáóåõ» " (1) ÝóäóÞóáó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö: (* áóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) æóáóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö ÃóÕúáðÇ (4) ¡ Èóáö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞøðÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæöåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö *) (5) æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö¡ æóáóÇ äóÞóáóåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö! !
æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú Úóæúäò¡ Úóäú Ãõãøöåö¡ Úóäú (6) ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò. æóÚóæúäñ æóÃõãøõåõ áóíúÓóÇ ãöãøóäú íõÚúÑóÝõ ÍöÝúÙõåõãú æóÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/289
(2) ã: æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö
(3) È: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö
(4) ÃóÕúáðÇ: Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) Úóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(8/177)
ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöäóÞúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ (1) ÈöÍóÏöíËöåöãú Ýöí Ãóåúæóäö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¿ æóáóÇ Ýöíåö ÓóãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ãöäú (2) ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊú ãóäú íóÍúßöíåö Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÝóÐóßóÑóÊúåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÐóßóÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÝõÏóíúßò Ãóäøóåõ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÞóØúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõ (3) Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó Úóãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÃóäúÓóÇÈóåõãú. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöäóÓóÈö ÇáÑøóÌõáö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ ËöÞóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóãóÏóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó (4) . ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íõÎúØöÆõ Úóáóì ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ æóíóÑúæöí Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö (5) . æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ (6) : áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò ãóÑøóÉð: åõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöíåö: áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: åõæó ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÞóæúáõ íóÍúíóì (7) ãóÑøóÉð: åõæó ËöÞóÉñ (8) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöãøóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ
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(1) ä: æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõæÇ¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó
(2) Ó¡ È: Úóäú
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ
(4) ÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò ÇáúÃóÛóÑøõ ÇáÑøóÞóÇÔöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ. ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 7/298 - 300 ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/362 - 363 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Úóäúåõ: " æóËøóÞóåõ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÞõáúÊõ: æóßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈøò "
(5) ÐóßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö äóÞúáðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö " 7/299
(6) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö " Þ [0 - 9] ã [0 - 9] Õ 75 (Ø ÍóíúÏóÑó ÂÈóÇÏó 1361 1942) .
(7) Ó¡ È: æóíóÍúíóì
(8) åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ".(8/178)
íõÎúØöÆõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì áóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãóÇ ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ãóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÓóãóÇÚõåõ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãóÇÚõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãöäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãóÇÚõ ÝóÇØöãóÉó ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó.
æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÚóÏúáñ ÖóÇÈöØñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ. æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæö áóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö - ßóÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö - æóáóÇ áóåõ ÐößúÑñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¿ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö.
æóßóæúäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÃóÈõæåõ ßóÈöíÑõ ÇáúÞóÏúÑö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÃúãõæäöíäó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ. æóÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÈöäúÊõ ÚõãóíúÓò ßóÇäóÊú ÚöäúÏó ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÝó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÝó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóáóåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö [ãöäú] (1) åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÏñ¡ æóåõãú íõÍöÈøõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó. æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò åõæó ÇÈúäõåóÇ¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ áöÚóáöíøò ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö åóÐóÇ ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ßóÇäóÊú ÒóæúÌóÉó ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÏöãóÊú ãóÚóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÊúÍö ÎóíúÈóÑó. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÎóíúÈóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÊúÍö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó ÎóíúÈóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö: ÃóáúÝñ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõãöÇÆóÉò¡
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(1) ãöäú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .(8/179)
æóÇÒúÏóÇÏó ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑõ ÈöÌóÚúÝóÑò æóãóäú ÞóÏöãó ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÏöãõæÇ ãóÚó ÌóÚúÝóÑò Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö¡ æóÇÒúÏóÇÏõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Èöãóäú ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÑúæö åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóØúÚó ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÞö.
æóÇáØøóÚúäõ Ýöí ÝõÖóíúáò æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊõíõÞøöäó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú (1) Ñóæóæúåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÝöí ÅöíÕóÇáöåö Åöáóíúåöãú äóÙóÑñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáò: ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ (2) ¡ (* ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóäóÇßöíÑõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ (3) : áóíúÓó ÈöÇáúÞóæöíøö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ: ÍõÓóíúäñ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ *) (4) ÛóÇáò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÊöãöíäó áöáúÎöíÑóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏöí ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÖõÚóÝóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö íõÍöíáõæäó ãóÇ íóÑúæõæäó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöíåö (5) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóÝöíåö ÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ ãóØóÑò¡ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò. ÞóÇáó
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(1) ã: Ãóäøóåõãú.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/531 - 532 ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/335 - 337 æóÇÓúãõåõ ÇáúßóÇãöáõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ ÇáúÝóÒóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóäóÇßöíÑõ "
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÈöíøõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ. æóÇáÊøóÕúæöíÈõ ãöäú ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/531¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/337.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/531: æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö íõÍöíáõæäó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö Úóáóì ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ Ýöíåö. æóÐóßóÑó áóåõ ãóäóÇßöíÑó¡ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåóÇ: ÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏöí ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö ".(8/180)
ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøõ: íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÈöÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: ßóÇäó íóßúÐöÈõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÈóæóÇØöáó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ãóÊúÑõæßõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (1) .
æóÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøö (2) ¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ØõÑõÞöåö Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáò¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ " (3) ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ " (4) Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÓóãöÚóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÉö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ ÇáúÍõÑøóÇÕö Úóáóì ÌóãúÚö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÑúæöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöÐóáößó. æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöíåö: ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ãóØóÑò æóíõßúäóì ÃóÈóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáÑøóåóÇæöíøó Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/169 - 170 áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 4/275 - 276 æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö Úóäú ØóÑöíÞöåö: " æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " áóãú ÊõÑóÏøó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì íõæÔóÚó Èúäö äõæäò ". æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ - æóäóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò - Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ãóØóÑò: åóÇáößñ æóËøóÞóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú æóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÇáúÍöÝúÙö " æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó íóÓúÑöÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøõ: íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÈöãóäóÇßöíÑó ". æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö " ã [0 - 9] Þ 1 Õ 394 - æóäóÞóáó ßóáóÇãóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò -: " ßóÇäó íóßúÐöÈõ ".
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóäúÓöíøö (Ýöí (ã) ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáöÇÓúãö ßóÐóáößó ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊö (175 - 176) æóåõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÈóÇÐóÇãõ ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøõ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 7
- 53 æóÝöíåóÇ: " æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò: ãóÇÊó Ýöí Ðöí ÇáúÞóÚúÏóÉö ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÞóÇÓöãó Èúäó ÞóÇÓöãò ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑöíøó ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó íóÞõæáõ: ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúÑõæßöíäó¡ ÊóÑóßóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ áöÊóÔóíøõÚöåö. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÞóÇäöÚò: ßõæÝöíøñ ÕóÇáöÍñ íóÊóÔóíøóÚõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøõ: ßóÇäó íõÝúÑöØõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö: æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/16: ". . . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ßóÇäó ÔöíÚöíøðÇ ãõÊóÍóÑøöÞðÇ ".
(3) ä¡ ã: ÍóÏöíËõäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÍóÏöíËðÇ.(8/181)
áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ åóáú ßóÇäó íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó Ãóãú áóÇ¿ áóßöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑúæöí Úóäö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò. æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞöåö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò áóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóáóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÇÊñ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó Óöæóì ãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ (1) .
Ëõãøó ÑóæóÇåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞò ãõÙúáöãóÉò¡ íóÙúåóÑõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ áöãóäú áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ ãóäõæØóÉñ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúßóÊøóÇäöíøö (2) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó (3) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí - åõæó ÇáúÌóÚøóÇäöíøõ - ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáö ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö Óõáóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÎóáóÝõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÔúÚóËó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÔøóÚúËóÇÁö¡ Úóäú Ãõãøöåö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÏóÚóÇ áöÚóáöíøò ÍóÊøóì ÑõÏøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ» .
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ äóÞúáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöãøóäú ÚõÑöÝó ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ æóÖóÈúØõåõ¡ áóÇ ãöäú ãóÌúåõæáö ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøó áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¿ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö íóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈñ íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåóÇ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÎóáóÝõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöãò. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõãú Ñóæóæúåõ ÝóÃõãøõ ÃóÔúÚóËó ãóÌúåõæáóÉñ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ.
æóÐóßóÑó ØóÑöíÞðÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäñ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑõ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö åóÇÔöãò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøö ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò.
(2) ã: ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøö. æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíøó ãöäú ãóÑóÇÌöÚó
(3) ã: Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ.(8/182)
Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö Úóáöíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
ÞõáúÊõ (1) : æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ßõáøõåõãú ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãõÊøóÕöáñ¡ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú Ðóáößó¿ æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ åóÇÔöãö Èúäö ÇáúÈóÑöíÏö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: åõæó æóÃóÈõæåõ ÛóÇáöíóÇäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈöåöãóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑó Úóäö ÇáúãóÔóÇåöíÑö (2) . æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (3) áöãóÇ ÚóÑóÝõæåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞöåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõËúÈöÊó ãóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö.
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó ÌóÚóáó åóÐóÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö. æóåóÐöåö ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ Úóáöíøò áóÇ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö.
æóßóÐóáößó (* ÐóßóÑó ÇáØøóÑöíÞó ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóäúåóÇ: ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÔóÑöíßò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö *) (4) Úóáöíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ «ÑõÝöÚó (5) Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÏú ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÌóáøóáóåõ ÈöËóæúÈöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú ßóÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÏúÈóÑóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ íóÞõæáõ: ÛóÇÈóÊú Ãóæú ßóÇÏóÊú ÊóÛöíÈõ¡ æóÃóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓõÑøöíó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÕóáøóíúÊó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó ÑõÏøó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÇáÔøóãúÓó¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛóÊú äöÕúÝó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö» .
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(1) ÞõáúÊõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó æóÛóíúÑóåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö åóÇÔöãö Èúäö ÇáúÈóÑöíÏö Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/160¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö: 7/392 - 393.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ÏõÝöÚó.(8/183)
ÝóíóÞúÊóÖöí ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóÌóÚóÊú Åöáóì ÞóÑöíÈö æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóÝöí ÐóÇßó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÈöÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ (1) ÙóåóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö. æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÔóÑöíßò ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: åõæó æóÇåöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÑóÇÈöÚò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí - æóåõæó ÇáúÌóÚøóÇäöíøõ - Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö (2) ¡ (* Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÏò (3) æóåõæó ÇáÑøóæóÇÌöäöíøõ *) (4) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ åóÇÔöãò¡ Úóäú ÕóÈóÇÍö Èúäö (5) ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Úóäú (6) ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÎóíúÈóÑó ÔóÛóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÓúãö ÇáúãóÛóÇäöãö (7) ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ Ãóæú ßóÇÏóÊú. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÃóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÝóÏóÚóÇ Çááøóåó ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÍóÊøóì ÊóæóÓøóØóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó¡ ÝóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÓóãöÚúÊõ áóåóÇ ÕóÑöíÑðÇ ßóÕóÑöíÑö ÇáúãöäúÔóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö» .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóÉó¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó
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(1) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÌóÚøóÇäöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ. æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÑóÇæöíðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö æóæóÌóÏúÊõ ËóáóÇËóÉð ÇÓúãõåõãõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö. ÇäúÙõÑú ãöíÒóÇäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 2/386 - 387¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 5/131 - 134
(3) ä: ÇáúæóáöíÏöíøö ÚóÈøóÇÏò. .¡ Ó¡ È: Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáÑøóæóÇÌöäöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(5) ã: Úóäú.
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò Úóäú. . . " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(7) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãóÛúäóãö(8/184)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÕóÇÏöÞñ ÖóÇÈöØñ¡ Èóáú åõæó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÞóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ æóÚóãöáóÊúåõ íóÏóÇåõ¡ ÝóÊóÔóÈøóåó Èöåö ÂÎóÑõ¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÞó ãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÍóÏöíËó Ðóáößó. æóÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ÈöÞóÓúãö ÇáúãóÛóÇäöãö áóÇ ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáöíøñ áóãú íõÞóÓøöãú ãóÛóÇäöãó ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáõ ÈöÞöÓúãóÊöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÎóíúÈóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ ÓóäóÉó (1) ÓóÈúÚò¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ ÓóäóÉó ÓöÊøò. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÇáúÎóäúÏóÞõ ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚò¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍóÇÝöÙõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúæõÓúØóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 238] ¡ æóäõÓöÎó ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑõ ÈöåóÇ (2) íóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áöáúÞöÊóÇáö ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) . æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõäúÓóÎú¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑõ áöáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó - Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö - Ýóáóãú íóÊóäóÇÒóÚö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÊóÝúæöíÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÃóÌúáö ÞóÓúãö ÇáúÛóäóÇÆöãö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÝõæÊõ¡ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÊóÝõæÊõ.
æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóæóÓøóØóÊö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ; ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÛóÑóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóæú ÌóÑóÊú áóäóÞóáóåóÇ ÇáúÌóãøõ ÇáúÛóÝöíÑõ. æóÝöíåö ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãøóÇ ÛóÇÈóÊú ÓõãöÚó áóåóÇ ÕóÑöíÑñ ßóÕóÑöíÑö ÇáúãöäúÔóÇÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ ãõæÌöÈó áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÚöäúÏó ÛõÑõæÈöåóÇ áóÇ ÊõáóÇÞöí ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóæúÊó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöáõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóáóßö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö Åöáóì
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(1) ä: Ýöí ÓóäóÉö. . .
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóäõÓöÎó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑõ¡ ã: æóäõÓöÎó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ.
(3) ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áöáúÞöÊóÇáö ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ. æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.(8/185)
ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ áóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÚóÌóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúÞõáõåóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÞóáõæÇ ãóÇ åõæó Ïõæäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÎóíúÈóÑó æóÛóíúÑö ÎóíúÈóÑó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ áóæú Ñõæöíó Èöåö ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Úóáöíøó Èúäó åóÇÔöãö Èúäó ÇáúÈóÑöíÏö ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ íóÑúæöí Úóäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò íõÍóÑøöÖõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÞóæøöí Èöåö åóæóÇåõ (1) ¡ æóíóÑúæöí Úóäú ãóËúáö ÕóÈóÇÍò åóÐóÇ¡ æóÕóÈóÇÍñ åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ãóäú åõæó. æóáóåõãú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ÕóÈóÇÍõ Èúäõ Óóåúáò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÍõÕóíúäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑó Úóäú ÃóÞúæóÇãò ãóÔóÇåöíÑó¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö.
æóáóåõãú ÂÎóÑõ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÕóÈóÇÍõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøõ (2) (* ÇáúÃóÍúãóÓöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ íóÑúæöí Úóäú ãõÑøóÉó ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
æóáóåõãú ÔóÎúÕñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÕóÈóÇÍñ *) (3) ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ (4) ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: åõæó ãóÌúåõæáñ. æóÂÎóÑõ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇÈúäõ ãõÌóÇáöÏò¡ ãóÌúåõæáñ íóÑúæöí Úóäúåõ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ (5) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: áóíúÓó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö¡ åõæó ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÈóÞöíøóÉó (6) ÇáúãóÌúåõæáöíäó.
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(1) ä: Úóäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ÚóÑóÖóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÞóæøöí Èöåö åóæóÇåõ¡ Ó: Úóäú ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò (ßóáóÇãñ ãóØúãõæÓñ) íóÞúæóì Èöåö åóæóÇåõ¡ È: Úóäú ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÛóÑóÖõåõ æóíóÃúÊöí ÈöãóÇ íõÞóæøöí Èöåö åóæóÇåõ.
(2) ã: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(5) ä¡ Ó: ËöÞóÊõåõ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã)
(6) ä¡ Ó: ËöÞóÊöåö. æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉñ åõäóÇ Ýöí (ã) : ÈóÞöíøóÉó.(8/186)
æóÍõÓóíúäñ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ: Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÃõÎúÊóåõ Ãóæö ÇÈúäóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞøðÇ áóßóÇäó åõæó ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö æóãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåóÇ Úóäú ÈöäúÊöåö Ãóæú ÃõÎúÊöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÃóÈöíåö.
æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäó Èúäó Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóáóåõãóÇ ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÏúáñ ÖóÇÈöØñ ËöÞóÉñ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÐóáößó. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöäöÓúÈóÊöåö áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóäú ßóÇäó. æóÝöí ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÍóÏöíËöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
åóÐóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ åóÇÔöãò ÑóæóÇåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ ÚóÈøóÇÏõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÑøóæóÇÌöäöíøõ. ÞóÇáó (1) ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó ÑóÇÝöÖöíøðÇ (* ÏóÇÚöíóÉð íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑó Úóäö ÇáúãóÔóÇåöíÑö ; ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó ÇáÊøóÑúßó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: Ñóæóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃõäúßöÑóÊú Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö *) (2) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóãóËóÇáöÈö ÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÕöÍøóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÍößóÇíóÉõ ÞóÇÓöãò ÇáúãõØóÑøöÒö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÍóÝóÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÃóÌúÑóì Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÇÁó¡ ãöãøóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö ÞóÏúÍðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ (3) .
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(1) ä: ÇáÑøóæóÇÍöÈöíøõ¡ ã: ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÊóÇ " ÇáÑøóæóÇÌöäöíøõ ÞóÇáó " ãöäúåóÇ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÑøóæóÇÌöäöíøö ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö¡ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 2/379 - 380¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 5/109 - 110 æóÝöíåóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ãõÝóÕøóáóÉñ.(8/187)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó Óöæóì åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÑóæóì (1) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚõÞúÏóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÚó ÍöÝúÙöåö ÌóãøóÇÚðÇ áöÃóßóÇÐöíÈö (2) ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóÔóÇíöÎó ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó íõÓöíÆõæäó (3) ÇáËøóäóÇÁó Úóáóíúåö¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ íóÊóÏóíøóäõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíóÍúãöáõ ÔõíõæÎðÇ ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóíõÓóæøöí (4) áóåõãú äõÓóÎðÇ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó ÑóÌõáó ÓõæÁò (5) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÈóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò: åóáú ËóÈóÊó ÚöäúÏóßõãú¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí Úóáöíøò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö. ÞõáúÊõ: ÕóÏóÞúÊó ÌóÚóáóäöí Çááøóåõ ÝóÏóÇßó¡ æóáóßöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃóÓúãóÚóåõ ãöäúßó. ÞóÇáó: [ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö] ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäõ (6) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÚõãóíúÓò ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÃóÞúÈóáó Úóáöíøñ ÐóÇÊó íóæúãò æóåõæó íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóæóÇÝóÞó
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÑóæóÇåõ
(2) ã: ÚóÇáöãó ÃóßóÇÐöíÈö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(3) ä¡ Ó: íõÓöíãõæäó¡ ã: íóÈúäõæäó (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) È: íóÓúÃóãõæäó æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú " ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö " " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö "
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóíõÓóãøöí¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) æóåõæó ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöáúãöíÒóÇäö æóáöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö.
(5) ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó åõæó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÏóÉó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: ÔöíÚöíøñ ãõÊóæóÓøöØñ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò æóÞõæøóÇåõ ÂÎóÑõæäó. . . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ Íóíøóæóíúåö: ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó íõãúáöí ãóËóÇáöÈó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ãóËóÇáöÈó ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö¡ ÝóÊóÑóßúÊõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ. . . . ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóËóáóÇËöíäó æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò Úóäú ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/136 - 138¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/263 - 266.
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäõ. æóÓóíóÑöÏõ ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö.(8/188)
ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏö ÇäúÕóÑóÝó æóäóÒóáó (1) Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæóÍúíõ¡ ÝóÃóÓúäóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÕóÏúÑöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú ãõÓúäöÏóåõ Åöáóì ÕóÏúÑöåö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÝóÇÞó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÕóáøóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÌöÆúÊõ æóÇáúæóÍúíõ íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúßó¡ Ýóáóãú ÃóÒóáú ãõÓúäöÏóßó Åöáóì ÕóÏúÑöí ÍóÊøóì ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉó. ÝóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó æóÞóÏú ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊößó ÝóÇÑúÏõÏúåóÇ Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ: ÝóÃóÞúÈóáóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóáóåóÇ ÕóÑöíÑñ ßóÕóÑöíÑö ÇáÑøóÍóì ÍóÊøóì ÑóßóÏóÊú Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ æóÞúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ (2) ÝóÕóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ÑóÌóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóáóåóÇ ÕóÑöíÑñ ßóÕóÑöíÑö ÇáÑøóÍóì¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇÎúÊóáóØó ÇáÙøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÈóÏóÊö ÇáäøõÌõæãõ» .
ÞõáúÊõ: ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö íõäóÇÞöÖõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóÉó¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ ÇáäøóÇÙöÑó ÈóíóÇäðÇ Ýöí ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóßúÐõæÈóÉñ ãõÎúÊóáóÞóÉñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑõÏøóÊú Åöáóì ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ æóÞúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÝöí ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ: Åöáóì äöÕúÝö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö: ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÓúäöÏóåõ Åöáóì ÕóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÝöí ÐóÇßó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑöåö.
æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÐóÇ ÞóØøõ¡ æóåõæó ßóÇäó ÃóÌóáøó ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó. æóÝöíåö: ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó (3) Çááøóåõ Ýöí Úóáöíøò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö (4) ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõäúÒöáú Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÔóíúÆðÇ (5) .
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(1) Ó: Ãóæú äóÒóáó. .
(2) Ó¡ È: ãõãúßöäðÇ
(3) È: ÃóÓúãóÇÁó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó. . .¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(5) (5 - 5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/189)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ËóÇÈöÊðÇ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (1) ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊóáóÞóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö. æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò: áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò. æóÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð: áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò æóáóÇ ãóÃúãõæäò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ãóÊúÑõæßõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (2) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÝóÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ (3) ÚóÞöíáõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÕóÇáöÍõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáÔøóäóÇÓöíøõ (4) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÍóæúÕóÇÁó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÇáäøóæúÝóáöíøõ (5) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÏóÇæõÏõ Èúäõ ÝóÑóÇåöíÌó¡ Úóäú ÚöãóÇÑóÉó Èúäö ÝóÑúæò (6) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÐóßóÑóåõ. . ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÇÎúÊóÕóÑúÊõåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò.
ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãõÙúáöãñ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ Èóáú íõÚúÑóÝõ
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(1) ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóäóÏó ÇáúÃóÎöíÑó áöáúÍóÏöíËö íóÈúÏóÃõ åóßóÐóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäõ. . . ÅöáóÎú
(2) åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó ÇáúßõæÝöíøö¡ íõßóäøóì ÃóÈóÇ ËóÇÈöÊò. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: " æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ " æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: " ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈöí Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõßúÊóÈõ ÍóÏöíËõåõ¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÏöíÁó ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÔóÏöíÏó ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö " ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÌóÑúÍó æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáó Þ [0 - 9] ã [0 - 9] Õ 223¡ ãöíÒóÇäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/249 - 250¡ ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 8/9 - 10.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóäúÈóÃó
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáÔøóÇÔöíøõ.
(5) ä: ÇáäøóæúÞóáöíøõ
(6) ã: ÝóÑúÏò(8/190)
ßóÐöÈõåõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÏóÇæõÏõ Èúäõ ÝóÑóÇåöíÌó ãõÖóÚøóÝðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ íõÖóÚøöÝõåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÇáäøóæúÝóáöíøó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÚöãóÇÑóÉó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõ ÔöÈúåõ áóÇ ÔóíúÁó¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ãóÊúÑõæßõ [ÖóÚöíÝõ] (1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóäóÇßöíÑõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ.
æóÅöäú (2) ßóÇäó ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøó¡ ÝóÇáúÂÝóÉõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõËúÈöÊúåõ áóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøö æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÍóæúÕóÇÁó (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóíúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝóÇäö¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõãóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ (4) ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÍóæúÕóÇÁó ÇáØøóÑöíÞó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Åöáóíúåö ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÂÝóÉó Ýöíåö ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ÞóÈúáó ÇÈúäö ÍóæúÕóÇÁó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó (5) . æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ËóÇÈöÊñ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÂÝóÉõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÝóÑóÇåöíÌó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÖóÚúÝó ÇÈúäö ÝóÑóÇåöíÌó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöíåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ
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(1) ÖóÚöíÝõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã)
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÖóÚöíÝñ Åöäú. . .¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ
(3) Ó: áóãú íõËúÈöÊúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÍóæúÕóÇÁó¡ È: áóãú íõËúÈöÊúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÍóæúÕóÇÁó. . .
(4) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóíúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝóÇäö¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõãú ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ¡ ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó.(8/191)
ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúÌõÑúÌóÇäöíøõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉð¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ØóÇåöÑò ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ÇáúæóÇÚöÙó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõäúÚöãò¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ãõÍóãøóÏò (1) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøó íóÞõæáõ: «ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÞóÏú ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÈóåó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ ÕóáøóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊõ ; ßóÑöåúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÖóÚó ÑóÃúÓóßó ãöäú ÍöÌúÑöí æóÃóäúÊó æóÌöÚñ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÇÏúÚõ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Ãóäú ÊõÑóÏøó Úóáóíúßó (2) ÇáÔøóãúÓó. (* ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÇÏúÚõ ÃóäúÊó ÃõÄóãøöäú (3) . ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊößó æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáößó ; ÝóÇÑúÏõÏú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓó» *) (4) . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò: ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊõ áöáÔøóãúÓö ÕóÑöíÑðÇ ßóÕóÑöíÑö ÇáúÈóßóÑóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÑóÌóÚóÊú ÈóíúÖóÇÁó äóÞöíøóÉð.
ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáöåö áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÉò æóáóÇ ÖóÈúØò¡ æóáóÇ Íóãúáò áöáúÚöáúãö (5) ¡ æóáóÇ áóåõãú ÐößúÑñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáöåö (6) áóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö áóãú íóßõäú ËóÇÈöÊðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú - ßóÐóáößó¡ æóãóäú åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ãöËúáó ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¿ !
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ãõÍóãøóÏò " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) Ó: ÇÏúÚõ Úóáóíúßó Ãóäú íõÑóÏøó Úóáóíúßó. . È: ÇÏúÚõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúßó. .
(3) È (ÝóÞóØú) ÇÏúÚõ ÃóäúÊó æóÃóäóÇ ÃõÄóãøöäõ
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ Íóãúáò Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö.
(6) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÑöÌóÇáöåö. . .(8/192)
æóÝöíåö: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÌöÚðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÕóæúÊóåóÇ (1) Íöíäó ØóáóÚóÊú ßóÕóÑöíÑö (2) ÇáúÈóßóÑóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÃõæáóÆößó. æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò - ãóÚó ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö áöÚóáöíøò æóÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áöÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö - áóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõæäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ ãöËúáó ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó¡ ÞóÇáó: " «ÊóÞúÊõáõåõãú Ãóæúáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö» " (3) ¡ æóãöËúáó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóãøóÇÑò: " «ÊóÞúÊõáõßõ ÇáúÝöÆóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇÛöíóÉõ» " (4) ¡ ÝóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò Èóíøóäó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÑúæöí Úóäúåõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¿ !
æóáóãú íõÍóÏøöËú ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ æóáóÇ ÃóÎõæåõ ÚõãóÑõ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ áóÍóÏøóËó Èöåö (5) ÚóäúåõãóÇ (6) ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõæäó (7) ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚóäúåõãóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÚóÙöíãñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúÝóÑúÛóÇäöíøõ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÑóÌóÇÁõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáÓøóÇãóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóÇÑõæäõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãö [Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò] (8) ÈöÓóÇãóÑøóÇ (9) ÓóäóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡
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(1) ã: ÕóæúÊðÇ
(2) È: ßóÕóÑöíÑóÉö
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáøóÊöí ÓóÈóÞóÊú 1/67 - 68¡ 3/464¡ 5/47¡ 150
(4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/413 - 420
(5) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) ä¡ ã: Úóäúåõãú
(7) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ
(8) Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(9) Ó¡ È: ÈöÓóÇãóÑøóì æóåöíó ãóÏöíäóÉõ ÓõÑøó ãóäú ÑóÃóì.(8/193)
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËõ¡ Úóäú ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÇáúßõãóíúÊö¡ Úóäú Úóãøöåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóåöáøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÓóåúáóÈò (1) ¡ Úóäú ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó ÈöäúÊö ãõÓúåöÑò (2) ¡ ÞóÇáóÊú (3) : ÎóÑóÌúÊõ ãóÚó Úóáöíøò ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö æóÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑöí¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ. .
ÞõáúÊõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÝöíåö ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÇáúãóÌóÇåöíáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÉò æóáóÇ ÖóÈúØò. æóÇäúÝöÑóÇÏõåõãú ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí áóæú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÇáóåõ áóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö (4) ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÍóÇáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÇáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÑóæóæúÇ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÃóÚúíóÇäõåõãú¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú - áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Ýöíåö (5) ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÝöíåö ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãöäúåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ßóÐöÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÑóæóæúÇ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò æóãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ åõæó Ïõæäó åóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö [ÃóÍóÏñ] (6) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáóåõ¡ æóÕóäøóÝó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó
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(1) ä: ÓóáúåóÈò
(2) ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó ÈöäúÊö ãõÓúåöÑò: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ: ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÓúåöÑò ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò æóåõæó ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÓúåöÑò ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ.
(3) ã: ÞóÇáó.
(4) æóåöíó áóíúÓóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõ¡ æóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ãõÓúåöÑò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÓúåöÑò ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúßóÔøöíøõ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö æóäóÞóáó ßóáóÇãóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ.
(5) È: Èöåö.
(6) ÃóÍóÏñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) .(8/194)
ßóËöíÑóÉð ÖóÚöíÝóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú åóÐóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÙóÇåöÑñ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö. æóßóÐóáößó áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÌóãóÚó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ ßóËöíÑñ (1) ãöäúåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö. æóÌóãóÚó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãõÕóäøóÝðÇ Ýöí (2) ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö Úóáöíøò.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ (3) Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ (4) : áóÇ (5) íóäúÈóÛöí áöãóäú ßóÇäó ÓóÈöíáõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÝõ Úóäú ÍöÝúÙö ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÓúãóÇÁó Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö (6) .
ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóáóãú íóÌúãóÚú ØõÑõÞóåõ æóÃóáúÝóÇÙóåõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÏõáøõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ. æóÊöáúßó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÑóÇæöíåóÇ ãóÌúåõæáñ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ áóíúÓó ãóÚúáõæãó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõ ßóÐöÈõåõ.
æóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ áóíúÓóÊú ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ äóÞúÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóäóÞúÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ Ñóæóì Ýöí " ÔóÑúÍö ãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúÂËóÇÑö " ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõ ãóÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõåõ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÂåõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ãóÌúÑõæÍðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö (7) ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áöÐóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú Êóßõäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ßóËöíÑóÉñ
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãöäú
(3) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ãõÔúßöáö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö " 2/11¡ Ø ÍóíúÏóÑó ÂÈóÇÏó ÇáÏøößöäú¡ 1333
(4) ãõÔúßöáõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö: æóÞóÏú Íóßóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ. . . . . . .
(5) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È)
(6) ãõÔúßöáó ÇáúÂËóÇÑö: Úóäú ÍöÝúÙö ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó áóäóÇ Úóäúåõ áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÌóáøö ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÍõÌøóÉö.(8/195)
ßóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÞöíåðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ (1) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: ÚóæúÏõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÛöíÈöåóÇ ÂßóÏõ ÍóÇáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí äóÞúáõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝóÖöíáóÉð áöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÝóÇÑöÞñ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú (2) ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóæóæúÇ ÝóÖóÇÆöáó Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÊöí áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑõæåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö¡ ÑóæóæúåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó. Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøöÞóÇÊõ¡ áóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÑúÛóÈó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÍúÑóÕó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì [ÈóíóÇäö] (3) ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÌöÏõæÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóåúáõåõ ÈöÍóãúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáÖøóÈúØö¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö (4) Úóáóì ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö.
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(1) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑöíøõ ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ¡ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ ÇäúÊóåóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÑöíóÇÓóÉõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ æõáöÏó æóäóÔóÃó Ýöí ØóÍóÇ ãöäú ÕóÚöíÏö ãöÕúÑó. æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 239 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö ÓóäóÉó 321. ãöäú ãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊöåö " ÔóÑúÍõ ãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúÂËóÇÑö "¡ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö " æó " ãóäóÇÞöÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó " æó " ãõÔúßöáõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö " ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 3/808 - 810¡ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúãõÖöíÆóÉö 1/102 - 105 æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 1/53 - 55¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/274 - 282¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/197. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Ýöí " áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " 1/277: " æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑó ßóáóÇãðÇ áöáØøóÍóÇæöíøö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö ÝóÊóÚóÞøóÈóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÈóíøöäó ÎóØóÃóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ æóÓóßóÊó Úóäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÈóíøóäó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÕöäóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö Ëõãøó áóãú íõÍúßöãúåóÇ ".
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ýöí
(3) ÈóíóÇäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ä: ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö.(8/196)
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäõ ÚõÞúÏóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ (1) ¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ (2) ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÈóÔøóÇÑó Èúäó ÏóÑøóÇÚò¡ ÞóÇáó: áóÞöíó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó (3) ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö (4) ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóãøóäú ÑóæóíúÊó ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÏøö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúÊó Úóäúåõ íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóßõáøõ åóÐöåö ÃóãóÇÑóÇÊõ ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÆöãøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÅöãóÇãñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóÔóÇåöíÑö¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íõÊøóåóãõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÏóÇÑö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú áóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóåõæó íõÍöÈøõåõ æóíóÊóæóáøóÇåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö (5) . æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÃóÚúáóãõ æóÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÌöÈúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÈöÌóæóÇÈò ÕóÍöíÍò¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ãóäú ÑóæóíúÊó Úóäúåõ ÍóÏöíËó: íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: åóÈú Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ßóÐöÈöåö ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì
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(1) ã: ÃóäóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ. . .
(3) ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ ÃóÕúáõåõ ãöäú ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÝóÇÑöÓó¡ æõáöÏó ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÓóäóÉó 80 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 150 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó 13/323 - 423¡ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúãõÖöíÆóÉö 1/26 - 32 æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 5/39 - 47 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 9/4 - 5
(4) ÚõÑöÝó ÈóÇÓúãö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõæó: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ÈóÔöíÑò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö. ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 9/492.
(5) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(8/197)
ÕöÏúÞö åóÐóÇ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó (1) ¡ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó áóÇ íõäúßöÑõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ßóÑóÇãóÇÊñ¡ Èóáú ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ; áöáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöáÔøóÑúÚö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÊóÇÈöÚöíåöãú¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÑúæõæäó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Èóáú áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÐøóÇÈñ Ãóæú ãóÌúåõæáñ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÚóÏúáõåõ æóÖóÈúØõåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞúÈóáõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãöËúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö¿ !
æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íóæóÏøõæäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÝóÖöíáóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíóÊóæóáøóæúäóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõæäó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞó ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóÑóÏøõæåõ ÏöíóÇäóÉð (2) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÚÇÔÑ ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ßÑÇãÇÊ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö: Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÒóÇÏó ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö (4) ¡ æóÎóÇÝõæÇ ÇáúÛóÑóÞó¡ ÝóÝóÒöÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (5) ¡ ÝóÑóßöÈó ÈóÛúáóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóÚóåõ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó Úóáóì ÔóÇØöÆö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö [ÝóÕóáøóì] (6) ¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇ æóÖóÑóÈó ÕóÝúÍóÉó (7) ÇáúãóÇÁö ÈöÞóÖöíÈò ßóÇäó Ýöí íóÏöåö (8) ¡ ÝóÛóÇÕó ÇáúãóÇÁõ¡
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ðóáößó
(2) Ó¡ È: ÏöíóÇäóÉð¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 190 (ã) .
(4) ã: Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúßõæÝóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ ß: Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö.
(5) ß: ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -
(6) ÝóÕóáøóì: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÕóÝöíÍóÉó: æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß)
(8) ã: ÈöÞóÖöíÈò ßóÇäó ÈöíóÏöåö¡ ß: ÈöÞóÖöíÈò Ýöí íóÏöåö.(8/198)
ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ßóËöíÑñ (1) ãöäó ÇáúÍöíÊóÇäö¡ æóáóãú íóäúØöÞö ÇáúÌóÑøöíøõ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÑúãóÇåöíøõ (2) ¡ ÝóÓõÆöáó Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúØóÞó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ØóåøóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóßö¡ æóÃóÓúßóÊó ãóÇ ÃóäúÌóÓóåõ æóÃóÈúÚóÏóåõ " (3) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: [ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ] ÈöÃóäú íõÞóÇáó (4) : Ãóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÐöí (5) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ æóËõÈõæÊöåóÇ¿ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÈóÛúáóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú Êóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö Úóáóíúåöãú. æóãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð áóßóÇäóÊú ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÇÞöáõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞúÈóáõ Ðóáößó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÍößóÇíóÉò áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó áóåóÇ¿ !
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóßó ßõáøóåõ ãõÈóÇÍñ¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö: " åõæó ÇáØøóåõæÑõ ãóÇÄõåõ¡ ÇáúÍöáøõ ãóíúÊóÊõåõ " (6) .
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(1) ß: æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
(2) ß: ÇáúÌöÑøöíøõ æóÇáÒøóãøóÇÑõ æóÇáúãóÇÑóãóÇåöíøõ. æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌöÑøöíøö æóÇáúãóÇÑóãóÇåöíøö 1/26 (Ê [0 - 9] ) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÒøóãøóÇÑõ Ýóáóãú ÃóÚúÑöÝú ãóÇ åõæó¡ æóáóßöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí " ÊóÇÌö ÇáúÚóÑõæÓö ": ÇáÒøöãøöíÑõ ßóÓößøöíÊò: äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóßö áóåõ Ôóæúßñ äóÇÊöÆñ æóÓóØó ÙóåúÑöåö¡ æóáóåõ ÕóÎóÈñ æóÞúÊó ÕóíúÏö ÇáÕøóíøóÇÏö ÅöíøóÇåõ æóÞóÈúÖöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íõÕúØóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÍóÇáö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúãöíóÇåö ÇáúÚóÐúÈóÉö ".
(3) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: ÃóäúØóÞó Çááøóåõ áöí ãóÇ ØóåõÑó ãöäó ÇáÓøõãõæßö¡ æóÃóÕúãóÊó ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãóåõ æóÃóäúÌóÓóåõ æóÃóÈúÚóÏóåõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/426.(8/199)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃõÍöáøó áóßõãú ÕóíúÏõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑö æóØóÚóÇãõåõ ãóÊóÇÚðÇ áóßõãú æóáöáÓøóíøóÇÑóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 96] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó [ÓóáóÝõ] (1) ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÆöãøóÊõåóÇ Úóáóì Íöáøö ÇáÓøóãóßö ßõáøöåö. æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íõÍöáøõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóäúÌóÓóåõ¿ !
æóáóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÌõåøóÇáñ íõÍóÑøöãõæäó ãóÇ ÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: äõØúÞõ ÇáÓøóãóßö áóíúÓó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú åõæó ãöäú ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúØóÞó ãóÇ ÃóäúØóÞó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÃóÓúßóÊó ãóÇ ÃóÓúßóÊóåõ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÐóäúÈò áöãóäú ÃóÓúßóÊóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: åõæó äóÌöÓñ¿ !
æóãóäú ÌóÚóáó áöáúÚóÌúãóÇÁö ÐóäóÈðÇ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõäúØöÞúåóÇ ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ áóåóÇ.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: Èóáö Çááøóåõ ÃóÞúÏóÑóåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚóÊú ãöäúåõ (2) .
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÅöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ áóåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó - áóæú æóÞóÚó - ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÑóÇãóÉð áöÚóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÇáúßóÑóÇãóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöÇáÓøóáóÇãö Úóáóíúåö¡ áóÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÓóáøöãú Úóáóíúåö¡ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÅöÞúÏóÇÑöåóÇ ãóÚó - ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåóÇ - ßóÑóÇãóÉñ áóåõ¡ Èóáú Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóÍúãóåóÇ ØóíøöÈñ (3) ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈöÙõáúãò ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÇÏõæÇ ÍóÑøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóíøöÈóÇÊò ÃõÍöáøóÊú áóåõãú æóÈöÕóÏøöåöãú Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ßóËöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 160] .
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(1) ÓóáóÝõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚóÊú Èöåö.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÃóØúíóÈõ(8/200)
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÊóÍúÑöíãó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÎúáóÇÞö ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÈöÈóÚöíÏò.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöäõÖõæÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÓúáöíãõ ÇáÓøóãóßö Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Åöáóíúåö ÍóÇÌóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ÓóÈóÈñ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÎóÑúÞó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áöÊóÞúæöíóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð æóÍóÇÌóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÍõÌøóÉñ æóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉñ.
ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇäúÝöáóÇÞó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö áöãõæÓóì ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú äõÖõæÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóáóãú íõÓóáøöãö ÇáÓøóãóßõ Úóáóì ãõæÓóì. æóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó ãõæÓóì (1) Åöáóì ÇáúÎóÖöÑö æóßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÍõæÊñ ãóÇáöÍñ Ýöí ãößúÊóáò¡ ÝóÃóÍúíóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÓóÇÈó æóäóÒóáó Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÑóÈðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÓóáøöãú Úóáóì ãõæÓóì æóáóÇ Úóáóì íõæÔóÚó. æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóÌúÒõÑõ æóíóãõÏøõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóßó Óóáøóãó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÇÊö (2) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÍÇÏí ÚÔÑ ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ßÑÇãÇÊ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æãÎÇØÈÊå ááËÚÈÇä æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó: Ñóæóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøöíóÑö Ãóäøó
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(1) ãõæÓóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÇÊö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 191 (ã) .(8/201)
ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó (1) íóÎúØõÈõ Úóáóì ãöäúÈóÑö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ÝóÙóåóÑó ËõÚúÈóÇäñ ÝóÑóÞöíó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó¡ æóÎóÇÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ (2) ¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáóåõ¡ ÝóãóäóÚóåõãú¡ ÝóÎóÇØóÈóåõ¡ Ëõãøó äóÒóáó (3) . ÝóÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÇßöãõ ÇáúÌöäøö¡ ÇáúÊóÈóÓóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÞöÕøóÉñ (4) ¡ ÝóÃóæúÖóÍúÊõåóÇ áóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö íõÓóãøõæäó ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí ÏóÎóáó ãöäúåõ [ÇáËøõÚúÈóÇäõ] (5) : " ÈóÇÈó ÇáËøõÚúÈóÇäö "¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó Èóäõæ ÃõãóíøóÉó ÅöØúÝóÇÁó åóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö¡ ÝóäóÕóÈõæÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÊúáóì ãõÏøóÉð¡ ÍóÊøóì Óõãøöíó: ÈóÇÈó ÇáúÞóÊúáóì " (6) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãóäú Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò ÈößóËöíÑò ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÇáúÌöäøõ Åöáóíúåö æóÊóÓúÊóÝúÊöíåö æóÊóÓúÃóáõåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó¡ ÝóÞóÏúÑõåõ ÃóÌóáøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÏúäóì ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ. æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú æóÞóÚó¡ áóãú íóäúÞõÕú ÝóÖúáõåõ ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ãóäú íõËúÈöÊó ÝóÖöíáóÉó Úóáöíøò ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãõÌúÏöÈðÇ (7) ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÈóÇÔóÑó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞö¡ Ãóæú ÑóÃóì Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞö¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÝóÖøóáó ÈöåóÇ Úóáöíøñ.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäøóÇ ÈößóËöíÑò¡
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(1) ß: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó. . .
(2) ß: ÝóÎóÇÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäúåõ.
(3) ß: Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈó.
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÇßöãñ ãöäú ÍõßøóÇãö ÇáúÌöäøö¡ ÇáúÊóÈóÓó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÖöíøóÉñ. .
(5) ÇáËøõÚúÈóÇäõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß)
(6) ß: ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÝöíáðÇ ãõÏøóÉð ØóæöíáóÉð ÍóÊøóì Óõãøöíó ÈöÈóÇÈö ÇáúÝöíáö.
(7) Ó¡ È: ãõÍúÏöËðÇ¡ ã: ãõÍúÏöÈðÇ. æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ä) . æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ(8/202)
ÝóßóíúÝó íõãúßöäõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÉö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäøóÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¿ !
æóáóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó - áöÌóåúáöåöãú æóÙõáúãöåöãú æóÈõÚúÏöåöãú Úóäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö - áóíúÓó áóåõãú ãöäú ßóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó ãóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ Èöåö¡ Ýóåõãú áöÅöÝúáóÇÓöåöãú ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö ÚóÙøóãõæåõ ÊóÚúÙöíãó ÇáúãõÝúáöÓö áöáúÞóáöíáö ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúÏö¡ æóÇáúÌóÇÆöÚö áöáúßöÓúÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÎõÈúÒö.
æóáóæú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãóÇ ÈóÇÔóÑúäóÇåõ äóÍúäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ áóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ - áöÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóÈõÚúÏöåöãú Úóäú æöáóÇíóÉö Çááøóåö æóÊóÞúæóÇåõ - áóíúÓó áóåõãú äóÕöíÈñ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ßóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö (1) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ Èóáú åóÐöåö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ - æóãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåóÇ - íóßõæäõ áöÎóáúÞò ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú¡ æóíõÞóÏøöãõæäó ãóäú ÞóÏøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÞóÏúÑó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö æóíõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÕøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöæöáóÇíóÉö Çááøóåö æóÊóÞúæóÇåõ.
æóÇááøóÈöíÈõ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ðóáößó ÈöØõÑõÞò (2) . ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõØóÇáöÚó ÇáúßõÊõÈó ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉó Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóßóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ ãöËúáó ßöÊóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö¡ æóÇááøóÇáúßóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóãöËúáõ ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ ãöËúáó " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö " áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ " æóÕóÝúæóÉö (3) ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö " æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
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(1) ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ã: ÈöØóÑöíÞò.
(3) ä: ÕöÝóÉö. .(8/203)
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÈóÇÔóÑó ãóäú ÑóÃóì Ðóáößó. æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú åõæó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ.
ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò íóÞóÚõ áóåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÁñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóíóÍúßöí Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÈóÚúÖò. æóåóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ (1) Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÞóÚó áóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐöåö ÌõíõæÔõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÑóÚöíøóÊõåóÇ: áóåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó. ãöËúáó ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö æóÚõÈõæÑöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú äõÖõæÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóãöËúáó ÇÓúÊöÞóÇÆöåö¡ æóãöËúáó ÇáúÈóÞóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ßóáøóãó ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò Ýöí æóÞúÚóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÏöÓöíøóÉö¡ æóãöËúáó äöÏóÇÁö ÚõãóÑó: " íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó " æóåõæó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÈöäóåóÇæóäúÏó¡ æóãöËúáó ÔõÑúÈö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáÓøõãøó.
æóãöËúáó ÅöáúÞóÇÁö ÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÑõ ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóÓóáóÇãðÇ¡ áóãøóÇ ÃóáúÞóÇåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ ÇáúÚóäúÓöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóäóÈøöÆõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóæúáóì Úóáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóÓóáóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ íóãúÓóÍõ ÌóÈöíäóåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåõ.
æóãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÎóæóÇÑöÞó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö Êóßõæäõ áöÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÍóÇÌóÊöåöãú¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Ãóæö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó Ãóæö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÅöáóíúåóÇ áöÊóÞúæöíóÉö ÇáúíóÞöíäö ; ÝóÙóåóÑóÊú Úóáóíúåö ßóÙõåõæÑö ÇáäøõæÑö Ýöí ÇáÙøõáúãóÉö.
ÝóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ áößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáöíäó¡ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌóÏõ áöáúÝóÇÖöáöíäó ; áöÍóÇÌóÊöåöãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó.
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(1) ßóËöíÑñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(8/204)
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞõ áóÇ ÊõÑóÇÏõ áöäóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ Èóáú áöÃóäøóåóÇ æóÓöíáóÉñ Åöáóì ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÛóÇíóÉð áóåõ æóíóÚúÈõÏõ áöÃóÌúáöåóÇ¡ áóÚöÈóÊú Èöåö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑóÊú áóåõ ÎóæóÇÑöÞó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉö æóÇáúßõåøóÇäö. Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÊóæóÕøóáõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúæóÌó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóßúËõÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÊóßúËõÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì ÚóäúåóÇ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóäóÙöíÑõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö: Úöáúãõ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇááøõÛóÇÊö: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáäøóÍúæö æóÇááøõÛóÉö ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóì Ýóåúãö ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóäú íóäúÍõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈößóáóÇãöåö äóÍúæó ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö. æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúäóæúÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÍúæö æóÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ ÕóÇÑó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÞóæóÇäöíäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöËúáõåõ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; áöäóÞúÕöåöãú æóßóãóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÕóÇÑó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöËúáõåõ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (1) ; áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö æóÓóÇÆöáõ ÊõØúáóÈõ áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáúÈóÍúËö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÛúäóì Úóäúåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áöãóäú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãóäú áõÛóÊõåõ ÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉñ ÊõÑúßöíøóÉñ æóÑõæãöíøóÉñ¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúäóæúÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÛóÑöíÈö íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÇÓúÊóÛúäóæúÇ Úóäúåõ.
Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÍúæó æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍóÇÊö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉó æóÇáúÌóÏóáöíøóÉó ÇáúãõÚöíäóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö¡ ãóÞúÕõæÏóÉð áöäóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ ÑóÃóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåóÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäú
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ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóäú ÃóÚúãóì Çááøóåõ ÈóÕöíÑóÊóåõ. æóãóäú Úóáöãó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÞúÕõæÏóÉñ áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóáöãõæÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÈöåóÐöåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú áóãú Êóßõäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõãú ãöËúáóåõãú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÇÑöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞõ: ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÕóÇÑóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÞúÕõæÏóÉð áöäóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ ÝóíõßúËöÑõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉó æóÇáúÌõæÚó æóÇáÓøóåóÑó æóÇáúÎóáúæóÉó ; áöíóÍúÕõáó áóåõ äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúãõßóÇÔóÝóÇÊö æóÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúÚóì ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áöíóÍúÕõáó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö æóÇáúãóÇáö. æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚóÙøöãõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎó áöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÊõÚóÙøóãõ Çáúãõáõæßõ æóÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁõ áöÃóÌúáö ãõáúßöåöãú æóãöáúßöåöãú.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÞóÏú íóÑóì Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íóßúËõÑõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÇáúãóäúßõæÓö ÇáúÎõÑõæÌõ Úóäö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ æóÚóäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóíóÞöÝõæäó ãóÚó ÃóÐúæóÇÞöåöãú æóÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊöåöãú (1) ¡ áóÇ ÚöäúÏó ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóíõÈúÊóáóæúäó ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö.
ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó [ãóäú] (2) ÃõÚúØöíó ãõáúßðÇ æóãóÇáðÇ ÝóÎóÑóÌó Ýöíåö Úóäö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó Ýöíåö åóæóÇåõ¡ æóÙóáóãó ÇáäøóÇÓó - ÚõæÞöÈó Úóáóì Ðóáößó: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÒúáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóæúÝö æóÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö æóÇáúÝóÞúÑö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ åõæó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ Çááøóåõ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ¡ ÈóÇØöäðÇ æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ. ÝóßõáøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÃóÊúÈóÚó áöãóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóÊúÈóÚó áöØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó. æóãóäú ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÎóÇÑöÞò¡ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÎóÇÑöÞò.
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