ÝóÝóÚóáó ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑö (1) ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó. æóæóáøóì ãóÑúæóÇäó ÃóãúÑóåõ¡ æóÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíúåö ãóÞóÇáöíÏó ÃõãõæÑöåö¡ æóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÎóÇÊóãóåõ¡ ÝóÍóÏóËó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞóÊúáõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÍóÏóËó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóÏóËó. æóßóÇäó íõÄúËöÑõ Ãóåúáóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö äóÝóÑò ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò - ÒóæøóÌóåõãú ÈóäóÇÊöåö - ÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóì ãóÑúæóÇäó ÃóáúÝó [ÃóáúÝó] ÏöíäóÇÑò (3) . æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóØúÚóäõ Úóáóíúåö æóíõßóÝøöÑõåõ¡ æóáóãøóÇ Íóßóãó ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó. æóÖóÑóÈó ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó Èöåö ÝóÊúÞñ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö (4) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÚóãøóÇÑñ ÌöáúÏóÉñ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíøó (5) ÊóÞúÊõáõåõ ÇáúÝöÆóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇÛöíóÉõ¡ áóÇ ÃóäóÇáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÔóÝóÇÚóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» . æóßóÇäó ÚóãøóÇÑñ íóØúÚóäõ Úóáóíúåö. æóØóÑóÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÍóßóãó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóãøó ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóãóÚóåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú åõæó - æóÇÈúäõåõ - ØóÑöíÏðÇ (6) Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. ÝóáóãøóÇ æóáöíó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÂæóÇåõ æóÑóÏøóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÌóÚóáó ãóÑúæóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈóåõ æóÕóÇÍöÈó ÊóÏúÈöíÑöåö. ãóÚó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÞóæúãðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö íõæóÇÏøõæäó ãóäú ÍóÇÏøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÂÈóÇÁóåõãú Ãóæú ÃóÈúäóÇÁóåõãú} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: 22] .
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(1) ß: ÇáúãóäóÇßöÑö.
(2) ß: ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ãóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÃóáúÝó ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Ýöíåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) È ÝóÞóØú: ÌöáúÏóÉõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíøó.
(6) ß: Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú ØóÑöíÏðÇ åõæó æóÇÈúäõåõ¡ Í: Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú åõæó æóÇÈúäõåõ ØóÑöíÏóÇäö¡ È: Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú åõæó æóÇÈúäõåõ ØóÑöíÏóíúäö.(6/182)
æóäóÝóì ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉö¡ æóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÖóÑúÈðÇ æóÌöíÚðÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö: «ãóÇ ÃóÞóáøóÊö ÇáúÛóÈúÑóÇÁõ æóáóÇ ÃóÙóáøóÊö ÇáúÎóÖúÑóÇÁõ Úóáóì (1) Ðöí áóåúÌóÉò ÃóÕúÏóÞó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò» . æóÞóÇáó (2) : «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí æóÃóãóÑóäöí ÈöÍõÈøöåöãú. ÝóÞöíáó (3) : ãóäú åõãú íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÓóíøöÏõåõãú Úóáöíøñ æóÓóáúãóÇäõ æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏõ (4) æóÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò» . æóÖóíøóÚó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íõÞúÊóáú (5) ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó Íöíäó ÞóÊóáó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ãóæúáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (6) ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóØúáõÈõ ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö áöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÍöÞó ÈöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó. æóÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÚóØøöáó ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøõÑúÈö (7) Ýöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó (8) ÍóÊøóì ÍóÏøóåõ (9) ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÈúØõáõ ÍóÏøõ Çááøóåö (10) æóÃóäóÇ ÍóÇÖöÑñ. æóÒóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÈöÏúÚóÉñ¡ æóÕóÇÑó (11) ÓõäøóÉð
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(1) È: ãóäú.
(2) ß: æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(3) ß: æóÃóãóÑóäöí Èöåöãú¡ Þöíáó áóåõ.
(4) ß: Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÓóíøöÏõåõãú æóÓóáúãóÇäõ æóãöÞúÏóÇÏñ.
(5) ß: Ýóáóãú íóÍõÏøó.
(6) ß: ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) ä: ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøóÑóÇÈö¡ ß: ÍóÏøó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö.
(8) ß: ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(9) Í¡ Ñ: ÍóÊøóì ÌóáóÏóåõ.
(10) ä¡ ã: áóÇ ÊóÈúØõáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Ñ: áóÇ ÊõÈúØöáõ ÍóÏøó Çááøóåö¡ È: áóÇ íõÚóØøóáõ ÍóÏøõ Çááøóåö.
(11) Í¡ Ñ: ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ÕóÇÑó.(6/183)
Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö. æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó¡ æóÚóÇÈõæÇ ÃóÝúÚóÇáóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÛöÈúÊó Úóäú ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóåóÑóÈúÊó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú ÊóÔúåóÏú ÈóíúÚóÉó ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö. æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó (1) ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú ÊõÍúÕóì ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó äõæøóÇÈõ Úóáöíøò ÎóÇäõæåõ æóÚóÕóæúåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÎóÇäó ÚõãøóÇáõ ÚõËúãóÇäó áóåõ æóÚóÕóæúåõ. æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõÊõÈðÇ Ýöíãóäú æóáøóÇåõ (2) Úóáöíøñ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãóÇáó æóÎóÇäóåõ¡ æóÝöíãóäú ÊóÑóßóåõ æóÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó. æóÞóÏú æóáøóì Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÒöíóÇÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏò ÞóÇÊöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøó¡ æóæóáøóì ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÃóãúËóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú.
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉó íõäúßöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈúáóÛó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó. ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÃóÈöíåö æóÃõãøöåö¡ ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäóíö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö. Ýóæóáøóì ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö [Èúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò] (3) Úóáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóæóáøóì Úóáóì ãóßøóÉó æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝö ÞõËóãó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉõ ÝóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ æóáøóì ÚóáóíúåóÇ Óóåúáó Èúäó ÍõäóíúÝò. æóÞöíáó: ËõãóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉõ Ýóæóáøóì ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóæóáøóì Úóáóì ãöÕúÑó ÑóÈöíÈóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÈøóÇåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑöåö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉó ÊóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ äóÕøó Úóáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì
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(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: æóáøóì.
(3) Èúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/184)
æóáóÏöåö¡ æóæóáóÏöåö Úóáóì æóáóÏöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ.
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ ÝóÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÚõÙúãóì ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö (1) ¡ æóÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ãöäú ÊóæúáöíóÉö Èóäöí ÇáúÚóãøö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúæóßöíáõ æóÇáúæóáöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÔúÊóÑöí áöäóÝúÓöåö áóÇ íóÔúÊóÑöí áöÇÈúäöåö [ÃóíúÖðÇ] (2) Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúãóÇáó áöíõÚúØöíóåõ áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ (3) áóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáóÇ íõÚúØöíåõ áöæóáóÏöåö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåöãú.
æóßóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö: åóáú áöáúÎóáöíÝóÉö Ãóäú íõæÕöíó ÈöåóÇ áöæóáóÏöåö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ áöÇÈúäöåö ãóÑúÏõæÏóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö. æóáóÇ ÊõÑóÏøõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ áöÈóäöí Úóãøöåö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÃóäúÊó æóãóÇáõßó áöÃóÈöíßó» " (4) . æóÞóÇáó: " «áóíúÓó áöæóÇåöÈò Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó Ýöí åöÈóÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÇáöÏõ ÝöíãóÇ æóåóÈóåõ áöæóáóÏöåö» ". (5)
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(2) ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Í¡ È: áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/769 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ áöáÑøóÌõáö ãöäú ãóÇáò æóáóÏöåö) æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÈõíõæÚö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ãóÇáö ÇáúæóáóÏö 4/154 - 155 ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ØõÑõÞò æóÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈóÉò æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: Åöäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÇÌóåú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøó ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÓóãõÑóÉó æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö¡ 2/25 æóÊóßóáøóãú ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Úóáóì ØõÑõÞöåö æóÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 3/323 - 330 ÑóÞúãó 838
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/394 - 395 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Ýöí ÇáúåöÈóÉö) æóäóÕøõåõ: áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöÑóÌõáò Ãóäú íõÚúØöíó ÚóØöíøóÉð Ãóæú íóåóÈó åöÈóÉð ÝóíóÑúÌöÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÇáöÏó¡ ÝöíãóÇ íõÚúØöí áöæóáóÏöåö¡ æóãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúØöí ÇáúÚóØöíøóÉó Ëõãøó íóÑúÌöÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóËóáö ÇáúßóáúÈö íóÃúßõáõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÔóÈöÚó ÞóÇÁó Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó Ýöí ÞóíúÆöåö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/299 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóáóÇÁö æóÇáúåöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Ýöí ÇáúåöÈóÉö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/222 - 223 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúåöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÑõÌõæÚö ÇáúæóÇáöÏö ÝöíãóÇ íõÚúØöí æóáóÏóåõ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö 2119¡ 4810¡ 5493 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.(6/185)
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæáåã Ãä ÚáíÇ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÝÚá Ðáß ÈÇáäÕ æÈíÇä Ûáæ ÇáÑÇÝÖÉ Ýí Úáí æÇáÃÆãÉ]
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö.
Þöíáó (1) : ÃóæøóáðÇ: äóÍúäõ äóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ÑóÇÔöÏñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÚõËúãóÇäõ. áóßöäú ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú äóÚúáóãó ÍõÌøóÉó ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÊóØóÑøõÞó ÇáÙøõäõæäö æóÇáÊøõåóãö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáÊøõåóãö æóÇáÙøõäõæäö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: áöÚóáöíøò ÍõÌøóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ (2) .
Þöíáó áóåõ: æóÍóÌøóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÏøõÚöíó áöÚóáöíøò ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ æóäóÍúæõåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÞúØóÚõ Úóäúåõ ÃóáúÓöäóÉó ÇáØøóÇÚöäöíäó¡ ßóÇäó ãóÇ íõÏøóÚóì áöÚõËúãóÇäó ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúØóÚõ ÃóáúÓöäóÉó ÇáØøóÇÚöäöíäó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö [æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö] (3) .
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó íóÌöíÁõ Åöáóì ÃóÔúÎóÇÕò ÙóåóÑó ÈöÕóÑöíÍö (4) ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú Ãóßúãóáõ ÓöíÑóÉò ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÝóÇÖöáó ãóÐúãõæãðÇ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáúÞóÏúÍö¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáúãóÏúÍö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: íóÌöíÆõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÖøóáó Çááøóåõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú
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(1) Þöíáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáó.
(3) æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚõÞõæáö.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÊóÕúÑöíÍñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.(6/186)
Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáó ÅöáóåðÇ æóÇáúÝóÇÖöáó ãóäúÞõæÕðÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÕóÍöÈõæÇ ÇáúãóÓöíÍó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÞóáúÈðÇ áöáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö. æóÃóÚúÌóÈõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóíúÓõæÇ ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁð ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóíóÞúÏóÍõæäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ßóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú äóÝúÓö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú - ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö¡ Èóáú æóßóÐóáößó ãõæÓóì. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌúÚóáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÕóÍöÈõæÇ ÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõÍóãøóÏò¿
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúÛõáõæøö ÇáøóÐöí äóåóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÇ ÊóÛúáõæÇ Ýöí Ïöíäößõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúíóãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóßóáöãóÊõåõ ÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÑúíóãó æóÑõæÍñ ãöäúåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 171] .
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãóæúÕõæÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÛõáõæøö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåöãú ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó Ýöí Úóáöíøò. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÔóÑøñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÝöíåöãú (1) ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó Ýöíåö. æóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó äóÈöíøðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò Ýóåõæó ÔóÈöíåñ ÈöÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóäóÈøöÆöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó áöäóÝúÓöåö ßóãõÓóíúáöãóÉó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÏÚæì ÇáÑÇÝÖÉ ÈÇáäÕ æÚÕãÉ ÇáÃÆãÉ]
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ íóÏøóÚõæäó ËõÈõæÊó ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ÈöÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ åõæó æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó Ùóáóãõæåõ æóÛóÕóÈõæåõ.
æóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÊõÖóÇåöí ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó íóÌöÈõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóãöäúåõãú.(6/187)
ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ Ýöí [ßõáøö] ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ (1) ¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò. æóåóÐöåö ÎóÇÕøóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃõãöÑúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÄúãöäó ÈöãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞõæáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö æóãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãú áóÇ äõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ãõÓúáöãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 136] ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Âãóäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈöãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ßõáøñ Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö æóßõÊõÈöåö æóÑõÓõáöåö áóÇ äõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÑõÓõáöåö æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ æóÃóØóÚúäóÇ ÛõÝúÑóÇäóßó ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÅöáóíúßó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 285] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÈöÑøó ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 177] .
ÝóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöãøóÇ ÃõãöÑúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÞõæáóåõ æóäõÄúãöäó Èöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó: Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Èößõáøö äóÈöíøò¡ æóãóäú ßóÝóÑó ÈöäóÈöíøò æóÇÍöÏò Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóãóäú ÓóÈøóåõ æóÌóÈó ÞóÊúáõåõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ãóäú Óöæóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÓõãøõæÇ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó Ãóæú ÃóÆöãøóÉð [Ãóæú ÍõßóãóÇÁó] (2) Ãóæú ÚõáóãóÇÁó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó. Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Èößõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÚúØóÇåõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúØöåö áóÝúÙóåóÇ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ áöåóÐóÇ: ãóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ
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(1) ä: ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõ.
(2) Ãóæú ÍõßóãóÇÁó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/188)
ãóÃúãõæÑöíäó ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö¿
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÎöåö äóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóíóÞõæáõæäó (1) : ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãóÍúÝõæÙñ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ¡ áóÇ íõÎóÇáóÝõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÃóÕúáðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Ûõáõæøö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö: ÊóÏøóÚöí Ýöí ÃóÆöãøóÊöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó.
æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ÊõæãóÑúÊó (2) ÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö: ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ æóÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÊóáõæÇ ÈóÚúÖó ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ßõáøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉñ áöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: áöáúßöÊóÇÈö (3) æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÆöãøóÊöåóÇ. ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÑõÏøõæåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 59]
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: æóíóÞõæáõ¡ ã: æóÊóÞõæáõ.
(2) Ñ: ÇÈúäö ÇáÊøõæãóÑúÊö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÊõæãóÑúÊó ÇáúãóÕúãõæÏöíøõ ÇáúÈóÑúÈóÑöíøõ¡ ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈõ ÈöÇáúãóåúÏöíøö¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóåúÏóíøö ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏöíäó: ãõÄóÓøöÓõ ÏóæúáóÉö ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏöíäó ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÇãóÊú Úóáóì ÃóäúÞóÇÖö ÏóæúáóÉö ÇáúãõÑóÇÈöØöíäó ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ãóæúáöÏöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 524 æóÚõãúÑõåõ íóÊóÑóÇæóÍõ Èóíúäó 51 ÚóÇãðÇ¡ 55 ÚóÇãðÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÃóÚóÒøõ ãóÇ íõØúáóÈõ "¡ æóÞóÏú äóÔóÑóåõ ÌõæáúÏ ÊóÓúíöåÑ¡ ÇáúÌóÒóÇÆöÑõ 1903¡ æóßöÊóÇÈõ ßóäúÒõ ÇáúÚõáõæãö¡ æóåõæó ãóÎúØõæØñ¡ æóÇáúãõÑúÔöÏóÉõ æóåöíó ÑöÓóÇáóÉñ ÕóÛöíÑóÉñ ØõÈöÚóÊú Ööãúäó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÚöÏøóÉó ãóÑøóÇÊò æóÞóÏú äóÔóÑóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ßóäõæä ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ööãúäó ßöÊóÇÈö äõÕõæÕò ÝóáúÓóÝöíøóÉò ãõåúÏóÇÉò Åöáóì ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíã ãóÏúßõæÑ¡ Õ 114 - 115¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉõ 1976¡ ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÍóíóÇÉö ÇÈúäö ÇáÊøóæúãóÑúÊö æóãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ ÈóÍúËó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ßóäõæä ÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö¡ Õ 99 - 115 ßöÊóÇÈó ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÇÑøóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúÑöíÞöíøóÉö áöáÏøõßúÊõæÑö íóÍúíóì åõæóíúÏöí 1/223 - 243 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 4/137 - 146 ÇáúßóÇãöáó áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö 10 201 - 205¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 7/104 - 105
(3) Í: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó.(6/189)
¡ Ýóáóãú íóÃúãõÑúäóÇ ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö (1) ¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÃóæúÌóÈó ÑóÏøó ãóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöíåö (2) Åöáóíúåöº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ßóÇáÑøóÓõæáö. æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÊóÌöÈõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÈöáóÇ ÞóíúÏò¡ æóãõÎóÇáöÝõåõ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúæóÚöíÏó. æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÎóÇÕøóÉð. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íõØöÚö Çááøóåó æóÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÍóÓõäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÑóÝöíÞðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 69] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóäú íóÚúÕö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ äóÇÑó Ìóåóäøóãó ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÈóÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌöäøö: 23] . ÝóÏóáøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóØóÇÚó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú Ýöí Ðóáößó ØóÇÚóÉó ãóÚúÕõæãò ÂÎóÑó.
æóãóäú ÚóÕóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóØóÇÚó ãóäú Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑøóÞó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑö æóÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÛóíøö æóÇáÑøóÔóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÞóÓöíãó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÓøóãó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Åöáóì ÔóÞöíøò æóÓóÚöíÏò¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Ýóåõæó ÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ¡ æóãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýóåõæó ÇáÔøóÞöíøõ. æóáóíúÓóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉõ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö - Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö - Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÔóÎúÕò
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ãóÇ ÊõäõæÒöÚó Ýöíåö.(6/190)
Óöæóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝóÅöäøóåõ (1) íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö æóíõÊúÑóßõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÕúÏöíÞõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó¡ æóØóÇÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáøóÐöí (2) áóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì¡ Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÓúÃóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäúåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóäóÓúÃóáóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÑúÓöáó Åöáóíúåöãú æóáóäóÓúÃóáóäøó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 6] .
æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõãúÊóÍóäõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ (3) Ýöí ÞõÈõæÑöåöãú¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áöÃóÍóÏöåöãú: ãóäú ÑóÈøõßó¿ æóãóÇ Ïöíäõßó¿ æóãóäú äóÈöíøõßó¿ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËó Ýöíßõãú¿ ÝóíõËóÈøöÊõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáúåõÏóì ÝóÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö æóÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇåõ. æóáóæú ÐóßóÑó ÈóÏóáó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóäú ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö (4) æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö áóãú íóäúÝóÚúåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íõãúÊóÍóäõ Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö ÈöÔóÎúÕò ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ íõÚúÊóÐóÑõ Èöåö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÝöíãóÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö íõÚúÊóÐóÑõ ÈöÃóÞúæóì (5) ãöäúåõ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇÊóáó Úóáóì ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ [ÚóÙöíãñ] (6) ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö áóÇ ÞöÊóÇáñ áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÊúÍñ áöÈöáóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÎóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÏú æóáøóì ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö ãóäú æóáøóÇåõ¡ ÝóæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ¡ æóäõæøóÇÈõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóØúæóÚó ãöäú äõæøóÇÈö Úóáöíøò æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäú
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(1) ÝóÅöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ñ) .
(2) È: ÇáøóÐöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ãóØúÈóÚöíøñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáäøóÇÓõ Èöåö.
(4) ã¡ Í¡ Ñ: ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
(5) ÈöÃóÞúæóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(6) ÚóÙöíãñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóÓóÞóØóÊú " ßóËöíÑóÉñ " ãöäú (Ñ) .(6/191)
ÇáÔøóÑøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÃóæøóáó ÝöíåóÇ [ÚõËúãóÇäõ] (1) ¡ ÝóßóãóÇ ÊóÃóæøóáó Úóáöíøñ Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö. æóÃóãúÑõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö ÃóÎúØóÑõ æóÃóÚúÙóãõ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏøóÚõæäóåõ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóßõãú ãóÇ íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ Þóæúãò ãöäúßõãú íóÝúÊóÑõæäó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁõæÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÚöáúãðÇ íóÞöíäðÇ (2) ¡ Èóáú ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ ßóÐöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö¡ ÈöØõÑõÞò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãóÈúÓõæØóÉò Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ (3) : ËóÇáöËðÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÙóåóÑóÊú ÍõÌøóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäóº ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåõãú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõãú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãóäú áóÇ íõÊøóåóãõ ÈöÞóÑóÇÈóÉò: Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÞóÈöíáóÉð ãöäú ÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÞõÑóíúÔò ÝöíåóÇ ÚõãøóÇáñ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÔóãúÓòº áöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ÔóÑóÝñ æóÓõÄúÏõÏñ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÚöÒøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóßøóÉó ÚóÊøóÇÈó Èúäó ÃóÓöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó Úóáóì äóÌúÑóÇäó ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäó ÍóÑúÈö Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó [ÃóíúÖðÇ] (4) ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÕóÏóÞóÇÊö Èóäöí ãóÐúÍöÌò
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(1) ÚõËúãóÇäõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ ã: íóÞöíäðÇ
(3) Í¡ Ñ: æóÞöíáó.
(4) ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/192)
æóÚóáóì ÕóäúÚóÇÁó Çáúíóãóäö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú ÚóáóíúåóÇ (1) ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÊóíúãóÇÁó æóÎóíúÈóÑó æóÞõÑóì ÚõÑóíúäóÉó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÃóÈóÇäó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑöíäö Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÍóÊøóì ÊõæõÝøöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó (2) ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÒóáó [Çááøóåõ] Ýöíåö: (3) {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉò} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 6] .
ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ: ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃóÓúÊóÚúãöáú ÅöáøóÇ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ (4) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåõãú (5) æóãöäú ÌöäúÓöåöãú æóãöäú ÞóÈöíáóÊöåöãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ [ÝóÞóÏú æóáøóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò Ýöí ÝõÊõæÍö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÚõãóÑõ¡ Ëõãøó æóáøóì ÚõãóÑõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÃóÎóÇåõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó] (6) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ËóÇÈöÊñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ [Úóäúåõ] (7) ¡ Èóáú ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ ÚöäúÏó (8) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóãöäúåõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (9) ¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íõäúßöÑõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú.
ÝóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäö
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(1) ÚóáóíúåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÍóÊøóì ÃõäúÒöáó Ýöíåö.
(4) Í¡ Ñ: ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó.
(5) ãöäúåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) Úóäúåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ä: Úóäú.
(9) ä: ÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.(6/193)
ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÙúåóÑó ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÚóÇÞöáò ãöäú ÏóÚúæóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÈöÇáäøóÕøöº áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ [æóÐóÇßó ÕöÏúÞñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóáóì Çáúíóãóäö. æóæóáøóì ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì Çáúíóãóäö ãõÚóÇÐó Èúäó ÌóÈóáò æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó¡ æóæóáøóì ÌóÚúÝóÑó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö ãõÄúÊóÉó¡ æóæóáøóì ÞóÈúáó ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ÍóÇÑöËóÉó (2) [ãóæúáóÇåõ] (3) ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÑóæóÇÍóÉó. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÞóÏøöãõ Ýöí ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ÍóÇÑöËóÉó ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ßóáúÈò¡ Úóáóì ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó ÓóÃóáóåõ æöáóÇíóÉð Ýóáóãú íõæáøöåö ÅöíøóÇåóÇ.
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÍóãúÒóÉó æóÌóÚúÝóÑò [æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÞõÊöáó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò] (4) ¡ ÝóÍóãúÒóÉõ (5) áóãú íóÊóæóáøó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÔóåöíÏðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
æóãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÊøõÑúßö¡ Èóáú æóÔõíõæÎõåõãú¡ ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÍóãúÒóÉó æóíóÊóÏóÇæóáõæäóåóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó áóåõ ÍõÑõæÈðÇ æóÍöÕóÇÑóÇÊò æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóßõáøõåõ (6) ßóÐöÈñ¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇáÐøóÇßöÑõæäó (7) ãöäó ÇáúÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉö Úóáóì Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í: æóæõáøöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÍóÇÑöËóÉó¡ Ñ: æóæóáøóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÑöËóÉó.
(3) ãóæúáóÇåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÍóãúÒóÉõ.
(6) ä: ÝóÅöäøóåõ.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó.(6/194)
ØóÇáöÈò¡ Èóáú æóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ [ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÊóäóÞøõáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö " ÝöíãóÇ æóÖóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö (1) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÝúÊóÑöíåö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÏóÇåöãóÉò æóÇáúÈóØøóÇáöíäó (2) æóÇáúÚóíøóÇÑöíäó æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó] (3) .
ÝóÅöäøó ãóÛóÇÒöíó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ãóÖúÈõæØóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÈöÖúÚðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÛóÒúæóÉð¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÊöÓúÚö ãõÛóÇÒò: ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóÃõÍõÏò¡ æóÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö¡ æóÈóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáóÞö¡ æóÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÝóÊúÍö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÍõäóíúäò¡ æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóåöíó ÂÎöÑõ ÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö. áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÍóÇÕóÑó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝó (4) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÛóÒúæóÉõ ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóåöíó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ÚóÏóÏðÇ æóÃóÔóÞøõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÓõæÑóÉó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÞöÊóÇáñ.
æóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÌõåøóÇáõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÇÌö ãöäú ÍöÕóÇÑö ÊóÈõæßó ßóÐöÈñ áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÊóÈõæßó ÍöÕúäñ æóáóÇ ãõÞóÇÊöáóÉñ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (5) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
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(1) Êóßóáøóãó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò¡ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÊóáúÎöíÕö ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøö Õ 7¡ Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö 1346 æóÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö 18 351 æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÍóæóÇáóíú ÓóäóÉó 250¡ ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/112: ÐóÇßó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáõ æóÇÖöÚõ ÇáúÞöÕóÕö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú Êóßõäú ÞóØøõ æóíõÞúÑóÃõ áóåõ Ýöí ÓõæÞö ÇáúßõÊúÈöíøöíäó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÖöíóÇÁö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/202¡ ÇáÃÚáÇã 1/148 - 149
(2) Ñ: æóÇáúÈóØøóÇáõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÍóÇÕóÑó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÓúÎö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ äóÇÞöÕñ áóãú íóÊöãøó.
(5) ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/195)
ÚöÔúÑöíäó áóíúáóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÃóÝúÖóáó Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÃóãøóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ÍóÇÑöËóÉó - æóåõæó ãöäú ßóáúÈò - Úóáóíúåö (1) ¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãó ÈöÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóÈöÍóÓúÈö ÃõãõæÑò ÃõÎóÑó¡ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö áóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÓóÈö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÏøóãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Úóáóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöº áöÃóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö¡ áóíúÓó ãöäó Çáúãõáõæßö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞóÏøöãõæäó ÈöÃóåúæóÇÆöåöãú áöÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú æóãóæóÇáöíåöãú æóÃóÕúÏöÞóÇÆöåöãú. æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ãóäú ÃóãøóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ áöÞóÑóÇÈóÉò Ãóæú ÕóÏóÇÞóÉò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó íóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóÎóÇäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ".
[ÝÕá ÞÇÚÏÉ ßáíÉ Ãä áÇ äÚÊÞÏ ÈÚÕãÉ ÃÍÏ ÈÚÏ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (2)
æóÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ äóÚúÊóÞöÏó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãñ (3) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Èóáö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ æóÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö (4) íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÎóØóÃõ¡ æóÇáÐøõäõæÈõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞóÚõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÞóÏú íóÊõæÈõæäó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊõßóÝøóÑõ (5) Úóäúåõãú ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊöåöãõ ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÈúÊóáóæúäó [ÃóíúÖðÇ] (6) ÈöãóÕóÇÆöÈó íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöåóÇ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃóãøóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ÍóÇÑöËóÉó æóåõæó ãöäú ßöáóÇÈó.
(2) (2 - 2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
(5) ä¡ ã: íõßóÝøóÑõ.
(6) ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/196)
æóÞóÏú íõßóÝøóÑõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
Ýóßõáøõ (1) ãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóäúÈðÇ Ãóæú ÎóØóÃð. æóÚõËúãóÇäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáóÊú áóåõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ãöäúåóÇ ÓóÇÈöÞóÊõåõ æóÅöíãóÇäõåõ æóÌöåóÇÏõåõ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ØóÇÚóÇÊöåö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóåöÏó áóåõ¡ Èóáú ÈóÔøóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö Úóáóì Èóáúæóì ÊõÕöíÈõåõ (2) .
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÚóÇãøóÉö ãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÇÈúÊõáöíó ÈöÈóáóÇÁò ÚóÙöíãò¡ ÝóßóÝøóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÎóØóÇíóÇåõ¡ æóÕóÈóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó ÔóåöíÏðÇ ãóÙúáõæãðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ.
[æóßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: ãóÇ ÊõäúßöÑõåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóäúÈðÇ Ãóæú ÎóØóÃð¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáóÊú áóåõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò. ãöäúåóÇ ÓóÇÈöÞóÊõåõ æóÅöíãóÇäõåõ æóÌöåóÇÏõåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóÔóåóÇÏóÉö (3) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö. æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÃõãõæÑò ßóËöíÑóÉò ÃõäúßöÑóÊú Úóáóíúåö æóäóÏöãó
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóßõáøõ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/8 - 9 \¡ 12 - 13¡ 13 - 14 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó) æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. . . . ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóæóÖøóÃó Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÇÆúÐóäú áóåõ æóÈóÔøöÑúåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö Úóáóì Èóáúæóì ÊõÕöíÈõåõ¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1867 - 1869 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõËúãóÇäó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ 5/294 - 295 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó) ÈóÇÈñ ÑóÞúãõ 81 ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 3794¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/393¡ 406¡ 407
(3) Ñ: ãöäú ØóÇÚóÇÊöåö æóãöäúåóÇ ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ.(6/197)
ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó ãóÙúáõæãðÇ ÔóåöíÏðÇ] (1) .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÊõÛúäöíäóÇ Ãóäú äóÌúÚóáó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó [æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú] (2) åõæó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Ãóæö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò ÈöäóÇ Åöáóì Ðóáößó. æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúãõäúÍóÑöÝõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÕöäúÝóÇäö: ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÏóÍõæäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÈöãóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõåõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ. æóÇáúãóÇÏöÍõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãóÛúÝõæÑóÉó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÚúíö ÇáúãóÔúßõæÑö. ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÛúáõæ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáó ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö ÍóÓóäóÇÊò. æóÐóáößó íóÌúÝõæ Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉó ãöäúåõ ãõÍúÈöØóÉð áöáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó [ßõáøõåõãú] (3) - ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ - Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøõäõæÈó ÊõãúÍóì ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõãúÍóì ÈöÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö. æóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏñ (4) Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó [Ãóæú ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ] áóãú íóÊõæÈõæÇ (5) ãöäú ÐõäõæÈöåöãú. ÝóåóÐöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõßóÝøöÑõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÏóÍõæäó Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÕöÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÎõÕøõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÏúÍö.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÊóÞóÇÈóáóÊú (6) Ýöíåö ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö: ÔöíÚóÊõåõ (7) ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóãõÈúÛöÖõæåõ (8) ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ßõáøõåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ È: ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóäóÍúæóåõ áóãú íóÊõæÈõæÇ.
(6) È: ÊóÞóÇÊóáóÊú.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÔöíÚóÉñ.
(8) Í¡ Ñ: æóãõÈúÛöÖõæäó.(6/198)
áóßöäøó ÔöíÚóÊóåõ ÃóÞóáøõ ÛõáõæøðÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóãóÇ ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ýöíåö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö ÅöáóÇåöíøóÉð æóáóÇ äõÈõæøóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
áóßöäú ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú íóÛúáõæ Ýöí ÌöäúÓö ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö¡ æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÍõáõæáó Ãóæö ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏó Ãóæö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó (1) ¡ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó.
æóáóßöäú ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãö ÇäúÍöÑóÇÝñ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÎóáöíÝóÉð íóÞúÈóáõ (2) ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóíóÊóÌóÇæóÒõ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö. æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáúÚõËúãóÇäöíøóÉö æóÚõáóãóÇÆöåóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÍóÌøó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÒöãò: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {íóÇÏóÇæõÏõ ÅöäøóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇßó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚö Çáúåóæóì ÝóíõÖöáøóßó Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÖöáøõæäó Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö áóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÔóÏöíÏñ ÈöãóÇ äóÓõæÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Õ: 26] . æóãóæúÚöÙóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ (3) .
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(1) È: ÇáúÍõáõæáó æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏó æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó¡ Í¡ Ñ: ÇáúÍõáõæáó æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏó Ãóæö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ÊõÞúÈóáõ.
(3) ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÒöãò åõæó ÓóáóãóÉõ Èúäõ ÏöíäóÇÑò ÇáúãóÎúÒõæãöíøõ¡ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÒöãò ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌõ¡ ÚóÇáöãõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÞóÇÖöíåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÈöÏðÇ ÒóÇåöÏðÇ¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 140¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 4/143 - 144 ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 1/133 - 134¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/171 - 172 æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóæúÚöÙóÊóåõ áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Ýöí ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö 3/234 - 237 ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö 2/89 - 90(6/199)
æóáóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÃóÙúåóÑó ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóÝöíó¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó¡ ÝóØóáóÈó íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Ãóäú íóÓöíÑó ÓöíÑóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÔóíúÎðÇ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö [ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö] (1) ÇáúÚõËúãóÇäöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÍóáóÝõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÊóÞóÈøóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóÊóÌóÇæõÒó áóåõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóãúÓóßó Úóäú ãöËúáö ØóÑöíÞóÉö ÚõãóÑó [Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö] (2) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåöãú ØóÇÚóÉñ ãõØúáóÞóÉñ áöãõÊóæóáøöí ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåöãú ØóÇÚóÉó æóáöíøö ÃóãúÑöåöãú ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÄóÇÎöÐõåõ Úóáóì ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúáõÛúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ýöíåöãú Ãóäøóåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÄóÇÎóÐõæäó Úóáóì ÐóäúÈò¡ ßóÃóäøóåõãú íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÓóíøöÆóÇÊö ÇáúæõáóÇÉö ãõßóÝøóÑóÉñ ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÊõßóÝøóÑõ ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑõ ÈöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóÑóæúäó ÎõáóÝóÇÁó Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ãõÄóÇÎóÐöíäó ÈöÐóäúÈò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó - ãóÚó ÓóÇÈöÞóÊöåö [æóÝóÖúáöåö] (3) æóÍõÓúäö ÓöíÑóÊöåö æóÚóÏúáöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó¿
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ¡ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó íõßóÝøöÑõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ. æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõãõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ ÈöÐóãøö ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÔöíÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú - íóÐõãøõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÑóÍøóãõæäó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÓõÈøõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóíóÐõãøõåõ¡ æóÎöíóÇÑõåõãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúßõÊõ Úóäúåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÑóÍøóãõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ íóáúÚóäõåõ.
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(1) ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) æóÝóÖúáöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/200)
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóäú íóÓõÈøõ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóíóÌúåóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãóäóÇÈöÑö æóÛóíúÑöåóǺ áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäóåõ. æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÊõäúßöÑõ Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÊóãóÓøößõ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö íõÙúåöÑõ ãóÍóÈøóÉó Úóáöíøò æóãõæóÇáóÇÊóåõ¡ æóíõÍóÇÝöÙõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö (1) Ýöí ãóæóÇÞöíÊöåóÇ. ÍóÊøóì ÑõÆöíó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ãõÑøóÉó ÇáúÌóãóáöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö: ÔóíúÎõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Èößó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÈöÍõÈøö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóãõÍóÇÝóÙóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ãóæóÇÞöíÊöåóÇ.
æóÛóáóÊú ÔöíÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑõæÇ íõÕóáøõæäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ãóÚó ÇáÙøõåúÑö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÞóÈúáó æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ æóíõÕóáøõæäó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó ãóÚó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÞóÈúáó æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ ÝóíóÌúãóÚõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÊóíúäö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÃõæáóì. æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó [íóÝúÚóáõåõ] (2) áöÓóÈóÈò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÝóÝöíåö äöÒóÇÚñ. æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÖóÑö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö áóãú íóÌúãóÚú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó æóãõÒúÏóáöÝóÉó. æóáóßöäú Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö (3) ÊóÈõæßó. æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÌóãóÚó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ áóßöäú äóÇÏöÑðÇ áöÓóÈóÈò. æóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÊóíúäö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ¿
æóÃõæáóÆößó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÎøöÑõæäó ÇáÙøõåúÑó Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ Ýóåõæó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö (4) ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáÙøõåúÑö. ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãúÚó ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÌóãúÚö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãö. ÝóÅöäøó
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(1) È: ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö.
(2) íóÝúÚóáõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ÛóÒúæóÉö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ ã: ãöãøóäú íõÞóÏøöãõ.(6/201)
ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó íóÝúÚóáõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ æóÇáäøóÇÓöí ÞóÖóÇÁð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÙøõåúÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÒøóæóÇáö ÝóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøóì ÈöÍóÇáò.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÛóÇáöÈö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÈöÏóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÔúäóÚó ãöäú ÈöÏóÚö ÃõæáóÆößó. æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö¡ æóáóÇ ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ßóÝøóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÝøóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóäú íóÚúÊóÏöí (1) ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö¡ æóíóÑúæõæäó Úóäúåõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉö Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈöÞóÊúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ æóÇáÑøöÖóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö.
æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóÞóÏú ÍóáóÝó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÈöáóÇ íóãöíäò - Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇáóÃó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÑóÖöíó ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íóáúÚóäõ ÞóÊóáóÉó ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ ÈöÏõæäö Þóæúáöåö. Ýóåõæó ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íõÚöíäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Ãóæú íóÑúÖóì ÈöÐóáößó.
ÝóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊúåõ ÔöíÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáóÊúåõ ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí Úóáöíøòº ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú íõßóÝøöÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú ÊõßóÝøöÑú ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóãóäú áóãú íõßóÝøöÑúåõ íóÓõÈøõåõ æóíóÈúÛóÖõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÊõÈúÛöÖõ ÚóáöíøðÇ.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóíóÊóÈóÑøóÁõæäó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö æóÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõæÌöÈõ ãõæóÇáóÇÉó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóãõÚóÇÏóÇÉó ÇáúÂÎóÑö. æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÃóãúÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÔúåõæÏñ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáöØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: íóÊóÚóÏøóì(6/202)
ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ [ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö] (1) . æóßóÇäó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ (2) ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÇÕøóÉð. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö (3) ¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: åõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó (4) : äóÔúåóÏõ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö.
æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÃóäøóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö. æóÞóÏú äóÇÙóÑó ÃóÍúãóÏõ [Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò] (5) áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ áöÈóÓúØöåóÇ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ. æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ åõäóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäúåõãú ãöäú ÃõãõæÑò íõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáØøóÚúäõ Úóáóíúåöãú.
ÝóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÊóÛúáõæ Ýöíåöãú ÝóÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÌúÚóáóåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó [Ãóæú ßóÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó] (6) . æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÓõÈøóåõãú æóÊóÐõãøóåõãú ÈöÃõãõæÑò¡ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕöÏúÞðÇ Ýóåõãú ãóÛúÝõæÑñ áóåõãú¡ Ãóæú åõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóÇÎóÐöíäó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ Ëóãøó ÅöáøóÇ ÐóäúÈñ Ãóæú ÎóØóÃñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö. æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ ÞóÏú ÑóÝóÚó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉó Èöåö Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æóÇáÐøóäúÈõ áöãóÛúÝöÑóÊöåö ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈò ßóÇäóÊú ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöíåöãú. æóåõãóÇ (7) ÃóÕúáóÇäö: ÚóÇãøñ æóÎóÇÕøñ. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÎúÕó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó íóÌúÊóãöÚõ Ýöíåö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÇãøóÉö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í¡ Ñ: áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ.
(5) Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Ãóæú ßóÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(7) ä¡ ã: æóåõäóÇ.(6/203)
ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó [áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò] (1) æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ Ëóãøó ÅöáøóÇ ãõËóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Ãóæú ãõÚóÇÞóÈñ¡ æóãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÑó áóãú íóÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ: áóÇ ÈöÔóÝóÇÚóÉò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉó ÊõÍúÈöØõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ãöäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÔóíúÁñ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ Þóæúãò (2) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÇãúÊõÍöÔõæÇ. æóËóÈóÊó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÔóÝóÇÚóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö. æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÈöÐóáößó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÊóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÈöäöÕóÇÈö (3) ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö¡ æóÑóÌúãö ÇáÒøóÇäöí ÇáúãõÍúÕóäö¡ æóäõÕõÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÇáÔøõÝúÚóÉö¡ æóãöíÑóÇËö ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
áóßöäú (4) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáõ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ãöËúáö (5) ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöãøóäú ÔõåöÏó áóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÑóÖöíó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞöÈõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ Èóáú äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÈóÏúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó (6) Úóäö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞö¡ [ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì¡ Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì] (7) . æóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÎóáúÞñ ãöäú
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(1) áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(2) Í¡ È: ÃóÞúæóÇãò.
(3) ä: ÈöÊóæóÇÊõÑö.
(4) Í¡ È: æóáóßöäú.
(5) ãöËúáö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(6) ä¡ ã: Ýöí Ðóáößó.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì " ãöäú (Ñ) .(6/204)
åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÚóãøóÇÑó Èúäó íóÇÓöÑò åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö (1) ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö¡ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò.
ÝóäóÍúäõ äóÔúåóÏõ áöÚóãøóÇÑò ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáöÞóÇÊöáöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú [Ãóåúáö] ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö (2) ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÚóáöíøñ æóØöáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ Ýóåõãú ÃóÌøóáõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íõÐúäöÈõ¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí äóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÐúäóÈó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÚóÐøöÈõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÏúÎöáõåõ ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ Èóáú íõÏúÎöáõåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ æóÚõÞõæÈóÉõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÊóÒõæáõ Úóäúåõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉò ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö (3) ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÆöÈöåö ÇáúãõßóÝøöÑóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
[ÇáÚÞæÈÉ Úä ÇáÐäæÈ Ýí ÇáÂÎÑÉ ÊäÏÝÚ ÈäÍæ ÚÔÑÉ ÃÓÈÇÈ]
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáÃæá ÇáÊæÈÉ]
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÐøõäõæÈó ãõØúáóÞðÇ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åöíó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Ýöí Ìóåóäøóãó ÊóäúÏóÝöÚõ ÈöäóÍúæö ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈò.
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(1) Í¡ È: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇæöíóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÖöÍóÉò Ýöí (Ñ) æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö ÇáúÌõåóäöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÃõÓúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö 6/237: ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÇÓúãöåö ÝóÞöíáó: íóÓóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÃõÒóíúåöÑò¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÓúãõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö åóÇãöÔö 4/150: ÝóÞöíáó: íóÓóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÈúÚò¡ æóÞöíáó: íóÓóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÒúåóÑó¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÓúãõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 4/150: Óóßóäó ÇáÔøóÇãó¡ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö ÇáúÌõåóäöíøõ ÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóãøóÇÑò áóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉñ¡ æóÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö ÇáúãõÒóäöíøö¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉó 3/627¡ 4/151 - 150¡ ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈó 3/629¡ 4/150 - 151 ÃõÓúÏó ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö 5/513¡ 6/237 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÑö 1/42: Åöäøóåõ ÔóåöÏó ÕöÝøöíäó ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö ÇáúÌõåóäöíøõ ÓóäóÉó 37 æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ÌóæóÇãöÚö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Õ 308¡ 322 Ööãúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑõæóÇÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóáöáúÞóÇÊöáö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö - ÓóÞóØóÊú (Ãóåúáö) ãöäú (ä) - ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö.
(3) ä: æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈöåö ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉó.(6/205)
ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈó ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö ßóãóäú áóÇ ÐóäúÈó áóåõ. æóÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÐøõäõæÈö: ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞö¡ æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ Åöäú íóäúÊóåõæÇ íõÛúÝóÑú áóåõãú ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÓóáóÝó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 38] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú ÊóÇÈõæÇ æóÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊóæõÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÝóÅöÎúæóÇäõßõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 11] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ßóÝóÑó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ËóÇáöËõ ËóáóÇËóÉò æóãóÇ ãöäú Åöáóåò ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóåñ æóÇÍöÏñ æóÅöäú áóãú íóäúÊóåõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó áóíóãóÓøóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ - ÃóÝóáóÇ íóÊõæÈõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóíóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäóåõ æóÇááøóåõ ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 73 - 74] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÊóäõæÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö Ëõãøó áóãú íóÊõæÈõæÇ Ýóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ Ìóåóäøóãó æóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÞö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈõÑõæÌö: 10] . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÑóãö æóÇáúÌõæÏö¡ ÝóÊóäõæÇ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁóåõ æóÚóÐøóÈõæåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ Ëõãøó åõæó íóÏúÚõæåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö.
æóÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ÚóÇãøóÉñ áößõáøö [ÚóÈúÏò] (1) ãõÄúãöäò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÍóãóáóåóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÙóáõæãðÇ ÌóåõæáðÇ - áöíõÚóÐøöÈó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞóÇÊö æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÇáúãõÔúÑößóÇÊö æóíóÊõæÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö æóßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÛóÝõæÑðÇ ÑóÍöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 72 - 73] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Úóäú ÊóæúÈóÉö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåö æóÏõÚóÇÆöåöãú ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 37]
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(1) ÚóÈúÏò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/206)
æóÞóæúáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÊóÞóÈøóáú ãöäøóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ - ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÇÌúÚóáúäóÇ ãõÓúáöãóíúäö áóßó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöäóÇ ÃõãøóÉð ãõÓúáöãóÉð áóßó æóÃóÑöäóÇ ãóäóÇÓößóäóÇ æóÊõÈú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 127¡ 128] .
æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: {ÃóäúÊó æóáöíøõäóÇ ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ æóÇÑúÍóãúäóÇ æóÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑöíäó - æóÇßúÊõÈú áóäóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÍóÓóäóÉð æóÝöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÅöäøóÇ åõÏúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 155¡ 156] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 16] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÊõÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 143] .
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ. æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýóåõãú ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóÃóÔóÏøóåõãú áóåõ ÎóÔúíóÉð¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÞúæóãó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö.
Ýóãóäú ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ ÚöíÈó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÊóæúÈóÊóåõãú¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ ÑóÝóÚó Çááøóåõ ÏóÑóÌóÊóåõãú¡ ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ áóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÇÈõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõãõ ÇáúÎóíúÑó. æóßóÐóáößó ÞöÕøóÉõ ÍóÇØöÈö [Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó] ÊóÇÈó ãöäúåóÇ (1) ¡ Èóáú ÒóÇäöíåöãú ßóÇäó íóÊõæÈõ ÊóæúÈóÉð áóæú ÊóÇÈóåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ãóßúÓò áóÛõÝöÑó áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÇÈó ãóÇÚöÒõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÊóì [Åöáóì] (2) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÞöÕøóÉõ ÍóÇØöÈò ÊóÇÈó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 3/399
(2) Åöáóì: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/207)
ØóåøóÑóåõ ÈöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóíúåö (1) . æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉõ [ÈóÚúÏóåõ] (2) . æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäõæÇ Òóãóäó ÚõãóÑó [æóÛóíúÑöåö] (3) ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÃóÍóÏõåõãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÃóÊóì Åöáóì ÃóãöíÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ØóåøöÑúäöí æóÃóÞöãú Úóáóíøó ÇáúÍóÏøó. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ãóäú íóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉó ãöäúåõãú Íöíäó (4) íóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóì ÃóÍóÏõåõãõ ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉó (5) Ãóæú ÐóäúÈðÇ ÊóÃóæøóáó Ýöíåö Ëõãøó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÎóØóÄõåõ¿
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÝøóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÊóÇÈó ÊóæúÈóÉð ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÕóÇÑõæÇ (6) íõäúßöÑõæäóåóÇ¡ æóíóÙúåóÑõ áóåõ (7) ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõäúßóÑñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÃúËõæÑñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ Úóäúåõ [- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÃóÑúÖóÇåõ -] (8) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - äóÏöãóÊú Úóáóì ãóÓöíÑöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóÊúåõ ÊóÈúßöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈõáøó ÎöãóÇÑóåóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ØóáúÍóÉõ äóÏöãó Úóáóì [ãóÇ Ùóäøó ãöäú] (9) ÊóÝúÑöíØöåö Ýöí äóÕúÑö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó. æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ äóÏöãó Úóáóì ãóÓöíÑöåö íóæúãó ÇáúÌóãóáö.
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(1) ÍóÏöíËõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóì ãóÇÚöÒö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÌóÇÁó ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÇÈó æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÈöáó ÊóæúÈóÊóåõ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1321 - 1323 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ) æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ: áóÞóÏú ÊóÇÈó ÊóæúÈóÉð áóæú ÞõÓøöãóÊú Èóíúäó ÃõãøóÉò áóæóÓöÚóÊúåõãú.
(2) ÈóÚúÏóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÍóÏöíËõ ÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò¡ Õ 174 Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö.
(3) æóÛóíúÑöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí.
(5) ä: ÈöÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÌóÇÁõæÇ.
(7) ä¡ ã: áóåõãú.
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(9) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/208)
æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - äóÏöãó Úóáóì ÃõãõæÑò ÝóÚóáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ:
áóÞóÏú ÚóÌóÒúÊõ ÚóÌúÒóÉð áóÇ ÃóÚúÊóÐöÑú ... ÓóæúÝó ÃóßöíÓõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ æóÃóÓúÊóãöÑøú
æóÃóÌúãóÚõ ÇáÑøóÃúíó ÇáÔøóÊöíÊó ÇáúãõäúÊóÔöÑú
æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áóíóÇáöíó ÕöÝøöíäó: " áöáøóåö ÏóÑøõ ãóÞóÇãò ÞóÇãóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó æóÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößòº Åöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÑøðÇ Åöäøó ÃóÌúÑóåõ áóÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÅöËúãðÇ Åöäøó ÎóØóÑóåõ áóíóÓöíÑñ " æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " íóÇ ÍóÓóäõ íóÇ ÍóÓóäõ ãóÇ Ùóäøó ÃóÈõæßó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó íóÈúáõÛõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóÏøó ÃóÈõæßó áóæú ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð ".
æóáöãóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ãöäú ÕöÝøöíäó ÊóÛóíøóÑó ßóáóÇãõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " áóÇ ÊóßúÑóåõæÇ ÅöãóÇÑóÉó (1) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÏú ÝóÞóÏúÊõãõæåõ áóÑóÃóíúÊõãõ ÇáÑøõÁõæÓó ÊóÊóØóÇíóÑõ Úóäú ßóæóÇåöáöåóÇ ". æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉò. æóÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÈößóÑóÇåóÊöåö (2) ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÑõÄúíóÊöåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÊóÝóÑøõÞóåõãú¡ æóßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈó Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏúÈóÑó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóíúÓó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚúÑöÝó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ÊóÇÈó¡ æóáóßöäú äóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó ãóÔúÑõæÚóÉñ áößõáøö ÚóÈúÏò: áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóáöãóäú Ïõæäóåõãú¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - íóÑúÝóÚõ ÚóÈúÏóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÈúÊóáóÇåõ ÈöãóÇ íóÊõæÈõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ßóãóÇáõ ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö áóÇ äóÞúÕõ ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈöíäó æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊóØóåøöÑöíäó¡ æóåõæó íõÈóÏøöáõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÍóÓóäóÇÊò.
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(1) ä: æöáóÇíóÉó.
(2) ä: ÈößóÑóÇåöíóÉö¡ ã: áößóÑóÇåóÊöåö.(6/209)
æóÇáÐøóäúÈõ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö íõæÌöÈõ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõÈõæÏöíøóÉö æóÇáúÎõÔõæÚö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÍúÕõáõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áóíóÝúÚóáõ ÇáÐøóäúÈó ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóíóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉó (* ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÑó. íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáÐøóäúÈó ÝóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ äõÕúÈó Úóíúäóíúåö (1) ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÊóÇÈó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÏóÚóÇåõ æóÎóÔóÚó áóåõ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóíóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉó *) (2) ÝóíõÚúÌóÈõ ÈöåóÇ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó.
æóÝöí ÇáúÃóËóÑö: «áóæú áóãú ÊõÐúäöÈõæÇ áóÎöÝúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚõÌúÈõ» . æóÝöí ÃóËóÑò ÂÎóÑó: «áóæú áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö Åöáóíúåö áóãóÇ ÇÈúÊóáóì ÈöÇáÐøóäúÈö ÃóßúÑóãó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Úóáóíúåö» .
æóÝöí ÃóËóÑò ÂÎóÑó: " «íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: Ãóåúáõ ÐößúÑöí Ãóåúáõ ãõÌóÇáóÓóÊöí¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÔõßúÑöí Ãóåúáõ ÒöíóÇÏóÊöí¡ æóÃóåúáõ ØóÇÚóÊöí Ãóåúáõ ßóÑóÇãóÊöí¡ æóÃóåúáõ ãóÚúÕöíóÊöí áóÇ ÃõÞóäøöØõåõãú (3) ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊöí¡ Åöäú ÊóÇÈõæÇ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÍóÈöíÈõåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈöíäó [æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊóØóåøöÑöíäó] (4) ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊõæÈõæÇ ÝóÃóäóÇ ØóÈöíÈõåõãú¡ ÃóÈúÊóáöíåöãú ÈöÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈö áöÃõØóåøöÑóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇíöÈö» " (5) . æóÇáÊøóÇÆöÈõ ÍóÈöíÈõ Çááøóåö ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÔóÇÈøðÇ Ãóæú ÔóíúÎðÇ.
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáËÇäí ÇáÇÓÊÛÝÇÑ]
õº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑó [åõæó] (6) ØóáóÈõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö æóÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ãóÞúÑõæäñ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö [æóãóÃúãõæÑñ
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(1) ä: ÝóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä: áóÇ ÃõæóíøöÓõåõãú.
(4) æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊóØóåøöÑöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: áöÃõßóÝøöÑó Úóäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇíöÈö.
(6) åõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/210)
Èöåö] (1) ¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú íóÊõæÈõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ [æóáóÇ íóÏúÚõæ] (2) ¡ æóÞóÏú íóÏúÚõæ æóáóÇ íóÊõæÈõ. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÃóÐúäóÈó (3) ÚóÈúÏñ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÐóäúÈöí. ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì -: ÃóÐúäóÈó ÚóÈúÏöí ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó áóåõ ÑóÈøðÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøóäúÈó æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöÇáÐøóäúÈö. Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó ÝóÃóÐúäóÈó ÝóÞóÇáó: [Ãóíú] (4) ÑóÈøö ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÐóäúÈöí. ÝóÞóÇáó - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì -: ÚóÈúÏöí ÃóÐúäóÈó ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó áóåõ ÑóÈøðÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøóäúÈó æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöÇáÐøóäúÈö. Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó ÝóÃóÐúäóÈó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: [Ãóíú] (5) ÑóÈøö ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÐóäúÈöí. ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÃóÐúäóÈó ÚóÈúÏöí ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó áóåõ ÑóÈøðÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøóäúÈó æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöÇáÐøóäúÈö. ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áöÚóÈúÏöí» " æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò áöãõÓúáöãò: " «ÝóáúíóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó» " (6) .
æóÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ÊóãúÍõæ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÔóíúÁñ íóÛúÝöÑõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ Ãóäú íõÔúÑóßó Èöåö æóíóÛúÝöÑõ ãóÇ Ïõæäõ Ðóáößó áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú íóÇÚöÈóÇÏöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúÑóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú áóÇ ÊóÞúäóØõæÇ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈó ÌóãöíÚðÇ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 53] æóåóÐöåö áöãóäú ÊóÇÈó. [æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÞúäóØõæÇ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö} Èóáú ÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ: {æóÃóäöíÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøößõãú æóÃóÓúáöãõæÇ áóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóßõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÊõäúÕóÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãõÑö: 54]
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(1) æóãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) æóáóÇ íóÏúÚõæ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÐúäóÈó.
(4) Ãóíú: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) Ãóíú: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/145 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íõÈóÏøöáõæÇ ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö) º ãõÓúáöãò 4/2112 - 2113 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 15 92 - 93 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö.(6/211)
(1) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉó¡ æóáóßöäú åõæó ÓóÈóÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö.
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáËÇáË ÇáÃÚãÇá ÇáÕÇáÍÉ]
õº ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö íõÐúåöÈúäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 114] æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[áöãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò íõæÕöíåö: " «íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ ÇÊøóÞö Çááøóåó ÍóíúËõãóÇ ßõäúÊó¡ æóÃóÊúÈöÚö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉó ÊóãúÍõåóÇ¡ æóÎóÇáöÞö ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÎõáõÞò ÍóÓóäò» " (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó] (3) : " «ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóãúÓõ¡ æóÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÑóãóÖóÇäõ Åöáóì ÑóãóÖóÇäó ßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊñ áöãóÇ Èóíúäóåõäøó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊõäöÈóÊö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑõ» " ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãóäú ÕóÇãó ÑóãóÖóÇäó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäúåõ: æóÃóäöíÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøößõãú æóÃóÓúáöãõæÇ áóåõ ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóåóÐöåö áöãóäú ÊóÇÈó.
(2) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöÏõæäö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö: íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/239 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ãõÚóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Õ 240 æóÃóæøóáõ ÓóäóÏöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÍúãõæÏõ Èúäõ ÛóíúáóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÍúæóåõ. ÞóÇáó ãóÍúãõæÏñ: æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/323 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøõÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÍõÓúäö ÇáúÎõáõÞö) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/153 æóÝöí ÂÎöÑöåö: æóÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: æóÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ãóÑøóÉð Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐò¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóåõæó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì 5/158 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÝóÞóØú 5/177 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ. Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/228 - 236 æóÍóÓøóäó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóãõÚóÇÐò æóÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 1/86
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/198(6/212)
ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÇÍúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö» " (1) . æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÍóÌøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊó Ýóáóãú íóÑúÝõËú æóáóãú íóÝúÓõÞú ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÐõäõæÈöåö ßóíóæúãö æóáóÏóÊúåõ Ãõãøõåõ» " (2) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú áóæú Ãóäøó ÈöÈóÇÈö ÃóÍóÏößõãú äóåúÑðÇ ÛóãúÑðÇ íóÛúÊóÓöáõ Ýöíåö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÎóãúÓó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ åóáú ßóÇäó íóÈúÞóì ãöäú ÏóÑóäöåö ÔóíúÁñ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóãúÓõ íóãúÍõæ Çááøóåõ Èöåöäøó ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ ßóãóÇ íóãúÍõæ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáÏøóÑóäó» ". æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÝóÞóØú Ãóæú ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÉò: æóãóäú ÞóÇãó áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÇÍúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö. Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/12 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Õóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÇÍúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö) 3/26 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÕóÇãó ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÇÍúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ æóäöíøóÉð) 3/45 - 46 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö áóíúáóÉö ÇáúÞóÏúÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö áóíúáóÉö ÇáúÞóÏúÑö) º ãõÓúáöãò 1/523 - 524 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö Ýöí ÞöíóÇãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó) º Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/66 - 67 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÑöíÚö ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÞöíóÇãö ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó) .
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/133 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÇáúãóÈúÑõæÑö) º ãõÓúáöãò 2/983 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÍóÌøö æóÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö æóíóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÏõæäö ßóáöãóÉö " ÛóãúÑðÇ " Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/108 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóãúÓö ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ) º ãõÓúáöãò 1/462 - 463 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÔúíö Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) æóÃóãøóÇ ßóáöãóÉõ ÛóãúÑðÇ ÝóÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/463 æóäóÕøõåõ: ãóËóáõ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö ßóãóËóáö äóåúÑò ÌóÇÑò ÛóãúÑò Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÃóÍóÏößõãú íóÛúÊóÓöáõ ãöäúåõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÎóãúÓó ãóÑøóÇÊò. ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: æóãóÇ íõÈúÞöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÏøóÑóäö¿ ! æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãóÓúäóÏöåö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 18 143 ÑóÞúãó 9501 Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ëõãøó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ 18 144 ÑóÞúãö 9502 Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöËúáóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/317 æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËñ ËóÇáöËñ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 3/67 - 68 Ãóæøóáõåõ: Úóäú ÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÓóÚúÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÇÓðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõæäó: ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÃóÎóæóÇäö. . . . æóÝöíåö ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóáóãú íóßõäú íõÕóáøöí¿ . . æóÝöíåö: ÅöäøóãóÇ ãóËóáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ßóãóËóáö äóåúÑò ÌóÇÑò ÈöÈóÇÈö ÑóÌõáò ÛóãúÑò ÚóÐúÈò¡ íóÞúÊóÍöãõ Ýöíåö. . . .¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÍö: ÇáúÛóãúÑõ: ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÛóíúäö æóÓõßõæäö Çáúãöíãö: ÇáúßóËöíÑõ¡ Ãóíú: íóÛúãõÑõ ãóäú ÏóÎóáóåõ æóíõÛóØøöíåö.(6/213)
æóÞóÇáó: " «ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ ÊõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó ßóãóÇ íõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÇÑó» " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßõãú Úóáóì ÊöÌóÇÑóÉò ÊõäúÌöíßõãú ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò - ÊõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÊõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóãúæóÇáößõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓößõãú Ðóáößõãú ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó íóÛúÝöÑú áóßõãú ÐõäõæÈóßõãú æóíõÏúÎöáúßõãú ÌóäøóÇÊò ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ æóãóÓóÇßöäó ØóíøöÈóÉð Ýöí ÌóäøóÇÊö ÚóÏúäò Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóæúÒõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÝøö: 10 - 12] .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «íõÛúÝóÑõ áöáÔøóåöíÏö ßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÏøóíúäó» " (2) æóãóÇ Ñõæöíó: Ãóäøó
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/124 - 125 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍõÑúãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ßõäúÊõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÎúÈöÑúäöí ÈöÚóãóáò íõÏúÎöáõäöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóíõÈóÇÚöÏõäöí Úóäö ÇáäøóÇÑö. ÞóÇáó: áóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáúÊóäöí Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóíóÓöíÑñ Úóáóì ãóäú íóÓøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ ÊõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó ßóãóÇ íõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÇÑó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ ãõÚóÇÐò ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1314 - 1315 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóÝøö ÇááøöÓóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö) æóÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó Úóäú ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ÚõÌúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/61 - 62 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö: ÇáÓøóÝóÑõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÃõÚöíÐõßó ÈöÇááøóåö íóÇ ßóÚúÈõ Èúäó ÚõÌúÑóÉó ãöäú ÃõãóÑóÇÁó íóßõæäõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: æóÇáÕøóæúãõ ÌõäøóÉñ æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ ÊõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó ßóãóÇ íõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÇÑó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ. ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ËóÇáöËò Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1408 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÓóÏö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÇáúÍóÓóÏõ íóÃúßõáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ßóãóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ ÇáúÍóØóÈó¡ æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ ÊõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó ßóãóÇ íõØúÝöÆõ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÇÑó. æóÍóÏöíËõ ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/231¡ 237¡ 248 æóÍóÏöíËõ ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ÚõÌúÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/321¡ 399
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1502 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãúÑóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÞõÊöáó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 12 13(6/214)
" «ÔóåöíÏó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö íõÛúÝóÑõ áóåõ ÇáÏøóíúäõ» "¡ ÝóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ (1) . æóÇáÏøóíúäõ ÍóÞøñ áöÂÏóãöíøò (2) ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäö ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÆöåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «Õóæúãõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉõ ÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ æóÕóæúãõ [íóæúãö] (3) ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉõ ÓóäóÉò» " (4) . æóãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÔóÑúÍõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÈóÓúØò [ßóËöíÑò] (5) .
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(1) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/928 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÛóÒúæö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÃõãóÇãóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: æóÔóåöíÏõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ãöËúáõ ÔóåöíÏóíö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: æóíõÛúÝóÑõ áöÔóåöíÏö ÇáúÈöÑøö ÇáÐøõäõæÈõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÏøóíúäó¡ æóáöÔóåöíÏö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáÐøõäõæÈõ æóÇáÏøóíúäõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 2/251: ãóæúÖõæÚñ. æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö 2/222 - 223
(2) Í: ÇáúÂÏóãöíøö¡ È: ÂÏóãöíøñ.
(3) íóæúãö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 4/111 - 112 ÈöáóÝúÙö: Õóæúãõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó íõßóÝøöÑõ ÓóäóÊóíúäö ãóÇÖöíóÉò æóãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÉò¡ æóÕóæúãõ íóæúãö ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó íõßóÝøöÑõ ÓóäóÉð ãóÇÖöíóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌúåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö ÇáÕøõÛúÑóì æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 2/818 - 819 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøöíóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÕöíóÇãö ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóåúÑò) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÑóÌõáñ ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóíúÝó ÊóÕõæãõ¿ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: ÕöíóÇãõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÃóÍúÊóÓöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõßóÝøöÑó ÇáÓøóäóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåõ æóÇáÓøóäóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÕöíóÇãõ íóæúãö ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ÃóÍúÊóÓöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõßóÝøöÑó ÇáÓøóäóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåõ. æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 4/108 - 110 ÑóÞúãó 952 æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÓõäóäö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò
(5) ßóËöíÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/215)
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÞóÏú íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßõÝøöÑó Úóäøöí ÈöÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö (1) [ÇáúÎóãúÓö] (2) ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÔóíúÁò ÊõßóÝøöÑõ [Úóäøöí] ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ (3) Ãóæú ÑóãóÖóÇäõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Õóæúãõ [íóæúãö] (4) ÚóÑóÝóÉó æóÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó¿ [æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íõÌöíÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõßúÊóÈõ áóåõãú ÏóÑóÌóÇÊñ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÌöÏú ãóÇ ÊõßóÝøöÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö] (5) .
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ (6) : ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóãúÍõæ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ æóíõßóÝøöÑõ Èöåö (7) ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö åõæó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáúãóÞúÈõæáõ.
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ áóåõãú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö (8 æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 27] 8) (8) [ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò] (9) : ØóÑóÝóÇäö æóæóÓóØñ. ÝóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÞóì ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑó. æóÚöäúÏóåõãú ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÍóÓóäóÉñ (10) ÈöÍóÇáò. æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: ãóäö ÇÊøóÞóì ÇáÔøöÑúßó. æóÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÞóÇåõ (11) Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÝóÝóÚóáóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÝøóÑóÊö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ.
(2) ÇáúÎóãúÓö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä: ÊõßóÝøöÑõåõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ.
(4) íóæúãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä¡ ã: ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð.
(7) ä: æóíõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö.
(8) (8 - 8) ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(9) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(10) ä: áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ áóåõ ÍóÓóäóÉñº áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ áóåõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊñ.
(11) ä¡ ã: ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÞóì.(6/216)
ßóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ÚöíóÇÖò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöíóÈúáõæóßõãú Ãóíøõßõãú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÚóãóáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 7] . ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúáóÕõåõ æóÃóÕúæóÈõåõ. Þöíáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ Úóáöíøò ãóÇ ÃóÎúáóÕõåõ æóÃóÕúæóÈõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÕóæóÇÈðÇ áóãú íõÞúÈóáú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áóãú íõÞúÈóáú¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ. æóÇáúÎóÇáöÕõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
ÝóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö (1) ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÞóì Çááøóåó Ýöí Úóãóáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÊóÞóÈøóáó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó Ýöí Úóãóáò áóãú íóÊóÞóÈøóáúåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÞóÈøóáó ãöäúåõ ÚóãóáðÇ ÂÎóÑó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ ãöãøóäú íóÚúãóáõ ÇáúÚóãóáó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö [Èöåö] (2) ¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áóíóäúÕóÑöÝõ Úóäú (3) ÕóáóÇÊöåö æóáóãú íõßúÊóÈú áóåõ ãöäúåóÇ (4) ÅöáøóÇ äöÕúÝõåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ËõáúËõåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÑõÈúÚõåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó: ÅöáøóÇ ÚõÔúÑõåóÇ» " (5) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: áóíúÓó áóßó ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÞóáúÊó ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " «ÑõÈøó ÕóÇÆöãò ÍóÙøõåõ ãöäú ÕöíóÇãöåö ÇáúÚóØóÔõ¡ æóÑõÈøó ÞóÇÆöãò ÍóÙøõåõ ãöäú ÞöíóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóåóÑõ» " (6) . æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÌøõ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ.
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö.
(2) Èöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ãöäú.
(4) ãöäúåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ñ) .
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/195
(6) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/196(6/217)
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇÐò ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ æóãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö: " «ÇáúÛóÒúæõ ÛóÒúæóÇäö: ÝóÛóÒúæñ íõÈúÊóÛóì Èöåö æóÌúåõ Çááøóåö¡ æóíõØóÇÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ¡ æóÊõäúÝóÞõ Ýöíåö ßóÑóÇÆöãõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóíõíóÇÓóÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíßõ¡ æóíõÌúÊóäóÈõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ¡ æóíõÊøóÞóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÛõáõæáõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúÏöáõåõ ÔóíúÁñ. æóÛóÒúæñ áóÇ íõÈúÊóÛóì Èöåö æóÌúåõ Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íõØóÇÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõäúÝóÞõ Ýöíåö ßóÑóÇÆöãõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóáóÇ íõíóÇÓóÑõ (1) Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíßõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÌúÊóäóÈõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÊøóÞóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÛõáõæáõ¡ ÝóÐóÇßó ÍóÓúÈõ ÕóÇÍöÈöåö Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó ßóÝóÇÝðÇ» " (2) .
æóÞöíáó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóáóÝö: ÇáúÍóÇÌøõ ßóËöíÑñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÏøóÇÌøõ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÌøõ Þóáöíáñ. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ.
ÝóÇáúãóÍúæõ æóÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑõ íóÞóÚõ ÈöãóÇ íõÊóÞóÈøóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö. æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íõÞóÕøöÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú. ÝóÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõßúÊóÈõ áóåõ äöÕúÝõåóÇ¡ æóåõãú íóÝúÚóáõæäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ßóËöíÑðǺ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ íõßóÝøóÑõ ÈöãóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÈöãóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÈöãóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäú ÕöíóÇãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÔóíúÁñ ÂÎóÑõ. æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÍóÓóäóÉò ÊóãúÍõæ ßõáøó ÓóíøöÆóÉò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÍúæõ íóßõæäõ áöáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóíóßõæäõ áöáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö [ÊóÇÑóÉð] (3) ¡ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõæóÇÒóäóÉö.
æóÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÞóÏú íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóßúãõáõ Ýöíåö
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ íõÈóÇÔóÑõ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/20 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöíãóäú íóÛúÒõæ æóíóáúÊóãöÓõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ) º Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/41 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó) 7/139 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö Ýöí ÚöÕúíóÇäö ÇáúÃóãöíÑö) º Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/208 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÛóÒúæö ÛóÒúæóÇäö) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/234
(3) ÊóÇÑóÉð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/218)
ÅöÎúáóÇÕõåõ æóÚõÈõæÏöíøóÊõåõ áöáøóåö¡ ÝóíóÛúÝöÑõ [Çááøóåõ] áóåõ Èöåö (1) ßóÈóÇÆöÑó. ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ [Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö] (2) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íõÕóÇÍõ ÈöÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö¡ ÝóíõäúÔóÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÊöÓúÚóÉñ æóÊöÓúÚõæäó ÓöÌöáøðÇ¡ ßõáøõ ÓöÌöáøò ãöäúåóÇ ãóÏøó ÇáúÈóÕóÑö. ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóáú ÊõäúßöÑõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: áóÇ íóÇ ÑóÈøö. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: áóÇ Ùõáúãó Úóáóíúßó. ÝóÊóÎúÑõÌõ áóåõ ÈöØóÇÞóÉñ ÞóÏúÑó ÇáúßóÝøö¡ ÝöíåóÇ ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: Ãóíúäó ÊóÞóÚõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉõ ãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøöÌöáøóÇÊö¿ ÝóÊõæÖóÚõ [åóÐöåö] (3) ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉõ Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò¡ æóÇáÓøöÌöáøóÇÊõ Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò¡ ÝóËóÞõáóÊö ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉõ æóØóÇÔóÊö ÇáÓøöÌöáøóÇÊõ» " (4) .
ÝóåóÐöåö (5) ÍóÇáõ ãóäú ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÈöÅöÎúáóÇÕò æóÕöÏúÞò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÑó ßõáøõåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡
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(1) ä: ÝóíóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõ Èöåö.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) åóÐöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/123 - 124 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöíãóäú íóãõæÊõ æóåõæó íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ) æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíõÎóáøöÕõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ. æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1437 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõÑúÌóì ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 11 197 - 200 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 1/529 æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ. æóäóÞóáóåõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ¡. . . . ÇáÓøöÌöáøõ ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáÓøöíäö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇááøóÇãö: åõæó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉõ - ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáØøóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö - ÇáÑøõÞúÚóÉõ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ãöÕúÑó íóÞõæáõæäó áöáúÈöØóÇÞóÉö: ÑõÞúÚóÉñ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóåóÐóÇ.(6/219)
æóáóãú íóÊóÑóÌøóÍú Þóæúáõåõãú Úóáóì ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÑóÌøóÍó Þóæúáõ ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÑóÌõáñ íóãúÔöí ÈöØóÑöíÞò ÇÔúÊóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚóØóÔõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏó ÈöÆúÑðÇ¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÔóÑöÈó. Ëõãøó ÎóÑóÌó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóáúÈñ íóáúåóËõ¡ íóÃúßõáõ ÇáËøóÑóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÔö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ: áóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáúÈó ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÔö ãöËúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÈóáóÛó ãöäøöí¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ÇáúÈöÆúÑó ÝóãóáóÃó ÎõÝøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãúÓóßóåõ ÈöÝöíåö ÍóÊøóì ÑóÞóì¡ ÝóÓóÞóì ÇáúßóáúÈó¡ ÝóÔóßóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ (1) ¡ ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ» " (2) .
æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: " «Åöäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÈóÛöíøðÇ ÑóÃóÊú ßóáúÈðÇ Ýöí íóæúãò ÍóÇÑøò íõØöíÝõ ÈöÈöÆúÑò ÞóÏú ÃóÏúáóÚó áöÓóÇäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÔö¡ ÝóäóÒóÚóÊú [áóåõ] ãõæÞóåóÇ¡ [ÝóÓóÞóÊúåõ Èöåö] ¡ ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåóÇ» " (3) . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò [Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö] (4) «ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóÛöíøðÇ ãöäú ÈóÛóÇíóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó» (5) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
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(1) Ñ: áóåõ Ðóáößó.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/111 - 112 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÔøõÑúÈö æóÇáúãõÓóÇÞóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÓóÞúíö ÇáúãóÇÁö) 3/132 - 133 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÂÈóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÊóÃóÐøó ÈöåóÇ) º ãõÓúáöãò 4/1761 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÓóÇÞöí ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑóãóÉö æóÅöØúÚóÇãöåóÇ) º Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/33 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö) º ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 2/929 - 930 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌóÇãöÚö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáØøóÚóÇãö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈö) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóäóÒóÚóÊú ãõæÞóåóÇ ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåóÇ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/297
(4) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/173º ãõÓúáöãò 4/1761 æóÃóÏúáóÚó áöÓóÇäóåõ: ÃóÏúáóÚó æóÏóáóÚó áõÛóÊóÇäö¡ Ãóíú: ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÚóØóÔö¡ ÇáúãõæÞõ: ÇáúÎõÝøõ.(6/220)
ÞóÇáó: " «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÑóÌõáñ íóãúÔöí [Ýöí ØóÑöíÞò] (1) æóÌóÏó ÛõÕúäó Ôóæúßò Úóáóì ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåõ ÝóÔóßóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ» " (2) .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÏóÎóáóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÇáäøóÇÑó Ýöí åöÑøóÉò¡ ÑóÈóØóÊúåóÇ: áóÇ åöíó ÃóØúÚóãóÊúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ åöíó ÊóÑóßóÊúåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ãöäú ÎóÔóÇÔö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊóÊú» " (3) .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÓóÞóÊö ÇáúßóáúÈó ÈöÅöíãóÇäò ÎóÇáöÕò ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåóÇ (4) ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåóÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÈóÛöíøò ÓóÞóÊú ßóáúÈðÇ íõÛúÝóÑú áóåóÇ. æóßóÐóáößó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí äóÍøóì ÛõÕúäó ÇáÔøóæúßö Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÈöÅöíãóÇäò ÎóÇáöÕò¡ [æóÅöÎúáóÇÕò] ÞóÇÆöãò ÈöÞóáúÈöåö (5) ¡ ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáó ÊóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ ÈöÊóÝóÇÖõáö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö áóíóßõæäõ ãóÞóÇãõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝøö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈöØóÑöíÞò.
(2) åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌõÒúÁõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/128 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÊøóåúÌöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáÙøõåúÑö) º ãõÓúáöãò 3/1521 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö) 4/2021 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÅöÒóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö) º Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/490 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÅöãóÇØóÉö ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö) º Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/230 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÅöãóÇØóÉö ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö) º æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/130 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÎóãúÓò ãöäó ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö ÝóæóÇÓöÞõ íõÞúÊóáúäó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑóãö) æóåõæó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö ÂÎóÑóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøöº ãõÓúáöãò 4/2022 - 2023 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÊóÚúÐöíÈö ÇáúåöÑøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö ÂÎóÑóíúäö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÝöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåóÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ÈöÅöíãóÇäò ÎóÇáöÕò ÞóÇãó ÈöÞóáúÈöåö.(6/221)
ÕóáóÇÊóíúåöãóÇ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú äóÍøóì ÛõÕúäó Ôóæúßò Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö íõÛúÝóÑõ áóåõ.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóäú íóäóÇáó Çááøóåó áõÍõæãõåóÇ æóáóÇ ÏöãóÇÄõåóÇ æóáóßöäú íóäóÇáõåõ ÇáÊøóÞúæóì ãöäúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 37] . ÝóÇáäøóÇÓõ (1) íóÔúÊóÑößõæäó Ýöí ÇáúåóÏóÇíóÇ æóÇáÖøóÍóÇíóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóäóÇáõåõ ÇáÏøóãõ ÇáúãõåúÑóÇÞõ æóáóÇ ÇááøóÍúãõ ÇáúãóÃúßõæáõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞõ (2) Èöåö¡ áóßöäú íóäóÇáõåõ ÊóÞúæóì ÇáúÞõáõæÈö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÃóËóÑö: «Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö áóíóßõæäõ ãóÞóÇãõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝøö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó ÕóáóÇÊóíúåöãóÇ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö» .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉó íóÚúÙõãõ ÞóÏúÑõåóÇ [æóíóÕúÛõÑõ ÞóÏúÑõåóÇ] (3) ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ¡ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ - ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ßõáøóåõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóáóãú íóÖúÑöÈú ÈóÚúÖóåõ ÈöÈóÚúÖò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄúÊõæäó ãóÇ ÂÊóæúÇ æóÞõáõæÈõåõãú æóÌöáóÉñ Ãóäøóåõãú Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 60] .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö «Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - ÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Ãóåõæó (4) ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÒúäöí æóíóÓúÑöÞõ (5) æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó æóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõÚóÇÞóÈó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó.
(2) È: æóÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) æóíóÕúÛõÑõ ÞóÏúÑõåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: åõæó.
(5) ã¡ Ñ: íóÓúÑöÞõ æóíóÒúäöí.(6/222)
íóÇ ÇÈúäóÉó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÕõæãõ æóíõÕóáøöí æóíóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ¡ æóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÊóÞóÈøóáó ãöäúåõ» " (1) .
[æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (2) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃóÍóÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» " (3) .
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú Íöíäó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÞöáøóÉö Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇáÕøóæóÇÑöÝö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÖóÚúÝö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí (4) Åöáóíúåö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó áóåõ ãöËúáõåõ ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÈóÚúÖóåõ ãóäú ÐóÇÞó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó¡ æóÚóÑóÝó ÇáúãöÍóäó æóÇáöÇÈúÊöáóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÕõáõ áöáäøóÇÓö¡ æóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúÞõáõæÈö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöËúáóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúíóÞöíäó æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö áóÇ íõÓóÇæöíåö Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò (5) : ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÕóáóÇÉò æóáóÇ ÕöíóÇãò¡ æóáóßöäú ÈöÔóíúÁò æóÞóÑó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÍóÕóáó áóåõãú ÈöÕõÍúÈóÊöåöãú áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ãõÄúãöäöíäó Èöåö ãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó ãóÚóåõ¡ ÅöíãóÇäñ æóíóÞöíäñ áóãú íõÔúÑößúåõãú Ýöíåö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/268
(2) Ñ: æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ äöÕúÝóåõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/20 - 21.
(4) Í¡ Ñ: ÇáÏøóÇÚöí.
(5) ä: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ã: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/223)
æó [ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò (1) Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÝóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÇáäøõÌõæãõ ÃóãóäóÉñ áöáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈóÊö ÇáäøõÌõæãõ ÃóÊóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ãóÇ ÊõæÚóÏõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóãóäóÉñ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈúÊõ ÃóÊóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ãóÇ íõæÚóÏõæäó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóãóäóÉñ áöÃõãøóÊöí¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈóÊú (2) ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóÊóì ÃõãøóÊöí ãóÇ íõæÚóÏõæäó» " (3) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò.
(2) ä: ÐóåóÈó.
(3) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/398 - 399 Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈõÑúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈõÑúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö æóåõæó ÇÈúäñ áöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÇÓúãõåõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÚóÇãöÑñ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÓúãõåõ ßõäúíóÊõåõ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 12 18 - 19 ÊóÐúßöÑóÉó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 1/95¡ æóäóÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1961 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÈóÞóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóãóÇäñ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö) ÞóÇáó: ÕóáøóíúäóÇ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ëõãøó ÞõáúäóÇ: áóæú ÌóáóÓúäóÇ ÍóÊøóì äõÕóáøöíó ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóáóÓúäóÇ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÒöáúÊõãú åóÇåõäóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÕóáøóíúäóÇ ãóÚóßó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó¡ Ëõãøó ÞõáúäóÇ: äóÌúáöÓõ ÍóÊøóì äõÕóáøöíó ãóÚóßó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÍúÓóäúÊõãú Ãóæú ÃóÕóÈúÊõãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÑóÝóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáäøõÌõæãõ ÃóãóäóÉñ áöáÓøóãóÇÁö. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò 16 83 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ: ÇáúÃóãóäóÉõ: ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÇáúãöíãö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúäõ æóÇáúÃóãóÇäõ ÈöãóÚúäðì¡ æóãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÌõæãó ãóÇ ÏóÇãóÊú ÈóÇÞöíóÉð ÝóÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÈóÇÞöíóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇäúßóÏóÑóÊö ÇáäøõÌõæãõ æóÊóäóÇËóÑóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóåóäóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÝóÇäúÝóØóÑóÊú æóÇäúÔóÞøóÊú æóÐóåóÈóÊú¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: æóÃóäóÇ ÃóãóäóÉñ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈúÊõ ÃóÊóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ãóÇ íõæÚóÏõæäó¡ Ãóíú: ãöäö ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÇáúÍõÑõæÈö æóÇÑúÊöÏóÇÏö ãóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÐóÑó Èöåö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ßõáøõ Ðóáößó¡ Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóãóäóÉñ áöÃõãøóÊöí ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóÊóì ÃõãøóÊöí ãóÇ íõæÚóÏõæäó. ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÙõåõæÑõ ÇáúÈöÏóÚö æóÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÝöÊóäö Ýöíåö¡ æóØõáõæÚõ ÞóÑúäö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ æóÙõåõæÑõ ÇáÑøõæãö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇäúÊöåóÇßõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó. æóåóÐöåö ßõáøõåóÇ ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.(6/224)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóíóÃúÊöíäøó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÒóãóÇäñ íóÛúÒõæ [Ýöíåö] (1) ÝöÆóÇãñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: äóÚóãú¡ ÝóíõÝúÊóÍõ áóåõãú» " æóÝöí áóÝúÙò (2) : " «åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: äóÚóãú¡ ÝóíõÝúÊóÍõ áóåõãú. Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÒóãóÇäñ íóÛúÒõæ [Ýöíåö] (3) ÝöÆóÇãñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ (4) ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: äóÚóãú¡ ÝóíõÝúÊóÍõ áóåõãú» ". åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáØøõÑõÞö¡ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊõ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøõÑõÞö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ Ýóåöíó ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ (5) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ËóäóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÕóÍöíÍóÉò¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò íóÞõæáõ ÝöíåóÇ:
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(1) Ýöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(3) Ýöíåö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Ñ: ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ È: ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Í: ãóäú ÕóÇÍóÈó ãóäú ÕóÇÍóÈó ãóäú ÕóÇÍóÈó ãóäú ÕóÇÍóÈóåõãú¡ ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÒóÇÏóÊú ä¡ ã: ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ: Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÛúÒõæ Ýöíåö ÝöÆóÇãñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/37 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó ÈöÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó) 4/197 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö) 5/2 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ) º ãõÓúáöãò 4/1962 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/7(6/225)
" «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÞóÑúäöí¡ Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú» " æóíóÔõßøõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö åóáú ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÏó [ÞóÑúäöåö] (1) ÞóÑúäóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉð (2) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÝóÖúáó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö æóËóæóÇÈóåóÇ áóíúÓó áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÕõæóÑöåóÇ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ Èóáú áöÍóÞóÇÆöÞöåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö. æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõæäó Ðóáößó ÊõÝóÇÖõáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ãóäú ÑóÌøóÍó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ßõáøö [æóÇÍöÏò] ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÌõãúáóÉó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ áóßöäú åóáú íõÝóÖøóáõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóíõÝóÖøóáõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¿
ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ [æóÛóíúÑõåõ] (4) Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó íõÝóÖøöáõæäó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÃúËõæÑñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóãöäú ÍõÌøóÉö åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóÚóÏúáõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ÚóÏúáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÃóÒúåóÏõ ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÈöÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» " (5) .
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóäóÍúäõ ÞóÏú äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÚúãóÇáó [ÈóÚúÖö] (6) ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ áóßöäú ãöäú Ãóíúäó äóÚúáóãõ (7) Ãóäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÎúÈöÑõ Ãóäøó ÌóÈóáó ÐóåóÈò ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó
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(1) ÞóÑúäöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/35
(3) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
(4) æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ äóÕúÝóåõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 223
(6) ÈóÚúÖö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(7) Í: íõÚúáóãõ.(6/226)
ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ (1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö áóÇ íõÓóÇæöí äöÕúÝó ãõÏøò ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó. æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÝóÖúáõ ÇáäøóÝúÚö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöí ÈöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: ÃóÚúØóì ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍõÞõæÞóåõãú æóÚóÏóáó Ýöíåöãú¡ Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ãõáúßõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ áóãú íóÚúÏöáú Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞóåõ (2) ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÓöíÑðÇ. æóÃóíúäó ãöËúáõ ÌóÈóáö ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ÍóÊøóì íõäúÝöÞóåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÕöíÑõ ãöËúáó äöÕúÝö ãõÏøò¿
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö: ÛõÈóÇÑñ ÏóÎóáó [Ýöí] (3) ÃóäúÝö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú [Úóãóáö] (4) ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÈóÓúØò æóÊóÍúÞöíÞò áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚóåõ¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - ãöãøóÇ íóãúÍõæ Èöåö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ÊóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ ÈöÍóÓúÈö ãóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ áóåõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊñ ÊóãúÍõæ ãöËúáó ãóÇ íõÐóãøõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãú¡ [ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¿] (5) .
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáÑÇÈÚ ÇáÏÚÇÁ ááãÄãäíä]
ó (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö æóÏõÚóÇÁóåõãú áóåõ ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö. æóßóÐóáößó ÏõÚóÇÄõåõãú æóÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõåõãú Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÌóäóÇÒóÉö. æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóÏúÚõæäó áóåõãú.
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáÎÇãÓ ÏÚÇÁ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã æÇÓÊÛÝÇÑå Ýí ÍíÇÊå æÈÚÏ ããÇÊå]
ö¡ ßóÔóÝóÇÚóÊöåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÕøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÏõÚóÇÆöåö æóÔóÝóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÍúíóÇåõ (7) æóãóãóÇÊöåö.
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(1) Þ¡ ã¡ È: ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ãöãøóÇ íõäúÝöÞõåõ.
(3) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Úóãóáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: áöáúãõÄúãöäö.
(7) ä: Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö.(6/227)
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáÓÇÏÓ ãÇ íõÝÚá ÈÚÏ ÇáãæÊ ãä Úãá ÕÇáÍ íåÏì áå]
õ¡ ãöËúáõ ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóíóÍõÌøõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóíóÕõæãõ Úóäúåõ. ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÕöáõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö æóíóäúÝóÚõåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÏõÚóÇÁö æóáóÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú Úóãóáöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó ÇäúÞóØóÚó Úóãóáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ËóáóÇËò: ÕóÏóÞóÉò ÌóÇÑöíóÉò¡ Ãóæú Úöáúãò íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú æóáóÏò ÕóÇáöÍò íóÏúÚõæ áóåõ» " ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ (1) . ÝóæóáóÏõåõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈöåö¡ æóÏõÚóÇÄõåõ ãóÍúÓõæÈñ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÏõÚóÇÁö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúæóáóÏö: ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãóÍúÓõæÈðÇ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóäúÝóÚõåõ Èöåö.
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáÓÇÈÚ ÇáãÕÇÆÈ ÇáÏäíæíÉ ÇáÊí íßÝÑ Çááå ÈåÇ ÇáÎØÇíÇ] (2) . (* ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ãöäú æóÕóÈò æóáóÇ äóÕóÈò¡ æóáóÇ Ûóãøò æóáóÇ åóãøò (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÒóäò æóáóÇ ÃóÐðì¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÔøóæúßóÉö íõÔóÇßõåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÝøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÎóØóÇíóÇåõ» (4) ¡ (5) ".
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóËóáõ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1255 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íóáúÍóÞõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãöäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåö) º Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3 \ - 159 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóäö ÇáúãóíøöÊö) º Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/418 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÝö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñº Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/210 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóäö ÇáúãóíøöÊö) º Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/88 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ËóæóÇÈö ãõÚóáøöãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáúÎóíúÑó) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 17 28 - 29
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ÎóØóÇíóÇåõ.
(3) Ñ: æóáóÇ åóãøò æóáóÇ Ûóãøò.
(4) *) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(5) ÌóãóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó åõäóÇ Èóíúäó ÍóÏöíËöíäó¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ æóäóÕøõåõ: ãóÇ ãöäú ãõÕöíÈóÉò íõÕóÇÈõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÅöáøóÇ ßõÝøöÑó ÈöåóÇ Úóäúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÔøóæúßóÉö íõÔóÇßõåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1992 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ËóæóÇÈö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÝöíãóÇ íõÕöíÈõåõ) æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃõÎúÑóì ÚóäúåóÇ æóÚóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö äóÝúÓöåö ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉð Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/220 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ËóæóÇÈö ÇáúãóÑóÖö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúãóßóÇäö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóäóÕøõåõ: ãóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ãöäú äóÕóÈò æóáóÇ ÍóÒóäò æóáóÇ æóÕóÈò ÍóÊøóì Çáúåóãøö íóåõãøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóäú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1992 - 1993 ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/4¡ 24¡ 38¡ 61(6/228)
ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ãóËóáõ ÇáúÎóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇáÒøóÑúÚö ÊõÝóíøöÆõåóÇ (1) ÇáÑøöíóÇÍõ¡ ÊõÞóæøöãõåóÇ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÊõãöíáõåóÇ ÃõÎúÑóì. æóãóËóáõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö ßóãóËóáö ÔóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÒóÉö¡ áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÇäúÌöÚóÇÝõåóÇ ãóÑøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð» " (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉò] (3) . æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ - ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú - ßóÇäõæÇ íõÈúÊóáóæúäó ÈöÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö¡ æóÇÈúÊõáõæÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÆöÈó ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉò¡ ßóÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÞõÊöáõæÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁõ ÃõÕöíÈõæÇ ÈöÃóåúáöíåöãú æóÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃõÕöíÈó Ýöí ãóÇáöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃõÕöíÈó ÈöÌöÑóÇÍóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃõÕöíÈó ÈöÐóåóÇÈö æöáóÇíóÊöåö æóÚöÒøöåö¡
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(1) Í: ÊóÓúÝöíåðÇ.
(2) ÇäúÌöÚóÇÝõåóÇ: Ãóíö ÇäúÞöáóÇÚõåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóßóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/137 - 138 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö) º ãõÓúáöãò 4/2163¡ 2164 Ýöí ÎóãúÓóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí: (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãú¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãóËóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ßóÇáÒøóÑúÚö æóãóËóáõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ßóÔóÌóÑö ÇáúÃóÑõÒøö) º Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/310 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãóËóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ãóËóáõ ÇáÒøóÑúÚö) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 12 178¡ 14 221 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/349 æóÚóäú ßóÚúÈö Èúäö ãóÇáößò Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 6/386
(3) Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/229)
Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ßõáøõåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÐõäõæÈó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¿ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (1) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÑóÈøöí ËóáóÇËðÇ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöí ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóãóäóÚóäöí æóÇÍöÏóÉð. ÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõåúáößó ÃõãøóÊöí ÈöÓóäóÉò ÚóÇãøóÉò¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓóáøöØó Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú [ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍóåõãú] (2) ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ. æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáó ÈóÃúÓóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóãóäóÚóäöíåóÇ» " (3) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(2) ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍõåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/247 æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐò ÞóÇáó: Õóáøóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÕóáóÇÉð ÝóÃóÍúÓóäó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇãó æóÇáúÎõÔõæÚó æóÇáÑøõßõæÚó æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏó æóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÑóÛóÈò æóÑóåóÈò¡ ÓóÃóáúÊõ Çááøóåó ÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöí ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÒóæóì Úóäøöí æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ ÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúÚóËó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍóåõãú ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåö¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúÚóËó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓóäóÉð ÊóÞúÊõáõåõãú ÌõæÚðÇ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåö¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáó ÈóÃúÓóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóÑóÏøóåóÇ Úóáóíøó. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò æóÝöíåö: ÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓúÍöÊóßõãú ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓóáøöØó Úóáóì ÈóíúÖóÊößõãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍóåóÇ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõáúÈöÓóßõãú ÔöíóÚðÇ æóíõÐöíÞó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú ÈóÃúÓó ÈóÚúÖò ÝóãóäóÚóäöíåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ: (Ú: ãõÓúäóÏõ ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì¡ ØÈ: ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑö¡ æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö) ¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÎõÒóÇÚöíøö¡ (Íã¡ Ê¡ ä¡ ÍÈ¡ æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö) Úóäú ÎóÈøóÇÈò. æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ (ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 2/309 - 310) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ËóæúÈóÇäó æóÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ãóÚúäóÇåõãóÇ ãõÞóÇÑöÈñ ÇäúÙõÑú: ãõÓúáöãò 4/2215 - 2216 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åóáóÇßö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈöÈóÚúÖò) æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ ËóæúÈóÇäó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/138 - 139 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÇáúãóáóÇÍöãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÏóáóÇÆöáöåóÇ) º Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/319 - 320¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ËóáóÇËðÇ Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöåö) æóÑóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÎóÈøóÇÈö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÑóÊøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó. æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ ÓóÚúÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 3/60 - 61¡ 86 æóÇáÓøóäóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ: ÇáúÞóÍúØõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚõãøõ ÈöáóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.(6/230)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËó Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ ãöäú ÝóæúÞößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 65] . ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöæóÌúåößó " (1 {Ãóæú ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÃóÑúÌõáößõãú} ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöæóÌúåößó " 1) (1) {Ãóæú íóáúÈöÓóßõãú ÔöíóÚðÇ æóíõÐöíÞó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú ÈóÃúÓó ÈóÚúÖò} ÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ Ãóåúæóäõ æóÃóíúÓóÑõ» " (2) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÚõãõæãðÇ. æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÞóáøó ÝöÊóäðÇ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßõáøóãóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ Úóäö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ßóËõÑó ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞõ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (3) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÍúÏõËú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó æóÊóÝóÑøóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÍóÏóËóÊú ÈöÏúÚóÊóÇäö ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáóÊóÇäö: ÈöÏúÚóÉõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáúãõßóÝøöÑöíäó áöÚóáöíøò¡ æóÈöÏúÚóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáúãõÏøóÚöíäó áöÅöãóÇãóÊöåö æóÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú äõÈõæøóÊöåö Ãóæú ÅöáóÇåöíøóÊöåö.
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö¡ ÍóÏóËóÊú ÈöÏúÚóÉõ ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö. Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÃõãóæöíøóÉö ÍóÏóËóÊú ÈöÏóÚóÉõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÚóØøöáóÉö æóÇáúãõÔóÈøöåóÉö ÇáúãõãóËøöáóÉö. æóáóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó (4) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÝöÊóäõ ÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó íóÛúÒõæäó ÇáúÚóÏõæøó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÞõÊöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ¡ æóÍõæÕöÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇáúÍóÑøóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
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(1) (1 - 1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/290
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöäú åóÐóÇ.(6/231)
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó íóÒöíÏõ ÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö Èóíúäó ãóÑúæóÇäó æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö ÈöãúÑóÌö ÑóÇåöØò.
Ëõãøó æóËóÈó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ æóÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ.
Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÝóÞóÊóáó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó æóÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ.
Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈó ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Åöáóì ãõÕúÚóÈò ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ æóÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ. (1)
æóÃóÑúÓóáó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÝóÍóÇÕóÑóåõ ãõÏøóÉð Ëõãøó ÞóÊóáóåõ æóÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ.
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö (2) ãóÚó ÎóáúÞò ÚóÙöíãò ãöäó ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö (3) æóßóÇäóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ ßóÈöíÑóÉñ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
Ëõãøó ÌóÑóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõåóáøóÈö ÈöÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ ÂÎóÑõæäó.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇãó ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó æóÌóÑóÊú ÍõÑõæÈñ æóÝöÊóäñ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó åóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ.
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ãõáõæßö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóáößñ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö (4) ãóáößò ãöäó Çáúãõáõæßö ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí Òóãóäö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÅöÐóÇ äõÓöÈóÊú ÃóíøóÇãõåõ Åöáóì ÃóíøóÇãö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äõÓöÈóÊú Åöáóì ÃóíøóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÙóåóÑó ÇáÊøóÝóÇÖõáõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÇáúßöäúÏöíøõ¡ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøõÌúÚóÇäö¡ ÞóÇÊóáó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøó ÓóäóÉó 81¡ æóäóÔóÈóÊú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÚóÇÑößõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÏóÇÑóÊú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóæúÞöÚóÉõ ÏóíúÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÌöãö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÏóÇãóÊú ãöÇÆóÉð æóËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò¡ æóÇäúÊóåóÊú ÈöÎõÑõæÌö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Êóãøó ÞóÊúáõåõ ÓóäóÉó 85¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉó æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó 9/35 - 37 - 40¡ 42¡ 55 ÇáúÚöÈóÑó 1/90 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 4/98 - 99
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: Òóãóäö.(6/232)
ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÌóÈóáóÉó (1) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÃóÕúÈóÍúÊõãú Ýöí ãöËúáö Úóãóáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó áóÞóÇáó ÃóßúËóÑõßõãú: åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó áóÞõáúÊõãú: åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóæøóÇÔò (2) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇáúãõßúÊöÈõ ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóÚóÏúáóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ: ÝóßóíúÝó áóæú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ýöí Íöáúãöåö¿ (3) ÞóÇáó: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÚóÏúáöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÝóÑóÖó áöáäøóÇÓö (4) Úóáóì ÃõÚúØöíøóÉö (5) ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÊóåóì Åöáóíøó¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöí ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉö ÏöÑúåóãò.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ (6) ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (7) ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ ËóäóÇ [ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ] (8) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøó (9) ¡ Ãóäøóåõ [ÐóßóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó] (10)
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(1) Í: Èúäö ÌóáóÈóÉó.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóæøóÇÓò¡ Ñ: ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóæøóÇÔò.
(3) Í¡ Ñ: Ýöí Ùõáúãöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÚóÑóÖó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ Ñ: ÝóÑóÖó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ÃõÚúØöíåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÚóØöíøóÉö.
(6) ä¡ ã: ËóäóÇ¡ Í: ÃóäóÇ¡ Ñ: äóÇ.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Í¡ Ñ: ËóäóÇ.
(8) ä¡ ã: ËóäóÇ ÇáËøöÞóÉõ¡ È: ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ.
(9) ä: ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøó¡ ã: ÇáÓøóãöíÚöíøó.
(10) ÐóßóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/233)
ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú [ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãõæåõ Ãóæú] ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãú (1) ÃóíøóÇãóåõ áóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÇäó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøó (2) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí [ÈóßúÑö] (3) Èúäö ÚóíøóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ (4) ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöËúáóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõæöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÖöãóÇãõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóíúÓò (5) ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó Ýöí ßõáøö ÞóÈöíáò (6) ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäøóÇ íõßúäóì ÃóÈóÇ íóÍúíóì¡ íõÕúÈöÍõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÝóíóÏõæÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌóÇáöÓö: åóáú æõáöÏó Ýöíßõãõ ÇááøóíúáóÉó æóáóÏñ¿ åóáú ÍóÏóËó ÇááøóíúáóÉó ÍóÏóËñ (7) ¿ åóáú äóÒóáó Çáúíóæúãó Èößõãú (8) äóÇÒöáñ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: äóÚóãú¡ äóÒóáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö ÈöÚöíóÇáöåö¡ íõÓóãøõæäóåõ æóÚöíóÇáóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈöíáö ßõáøöåö ÃóÊóì ÇáÏøöíæóÇäó¡ ÝóÃóæúÞóÚó ÃóÓúãóÇÁóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíæóÇäö.
æóÑóæóì ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ãóÑúíóãó¡ Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó [Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó] (9) íóÎúØõÈõäóÇ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ãóÇáößõãú ÝóÖúáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÃõÚúØöíóÇÊößõãú (10) ¡ æóÅöäøöí ÞóÇÓöãõåõ Èóíúäóßõãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÃúÊöíäóÇ ÝóÖúáñ ÚóÇãðÇ ÞóÇÈöáðÇ ÞóÓøóãúäóÇåõ Úóáóíúßõãú¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÚóÊóÈóÉó Úóáóíøó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÇáöí¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÇáõ Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÝóÇÁó Úóáóíúßõãú.
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóæú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãú.
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/357 æóäóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö æóäóÕøõåõ: æóÚóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó áóÞõáúÊõãú: åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ æóÝöíåö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÍöãøóÇäöíøõ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ.
(3) ÈóßúÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãú.
(5) ä¡ Ñ: Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞõÈóíúáò.
(6) Í¡ Ñ: ÞóÈöíáóÉò.
(7) È: ÍóÇÏöËñ.
(8) ä¡ ã: Èößõãõ Çáúíóæúãó.
(9) Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(10) Í¡ Ñ: ÚóØöíøóÇÊößõãú¡ ä¡ ã: ÚóØóÇÆößõãú.(6/234)
æóÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýöí ÍõÓúäö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö ßóËöíÑóÉñ. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: åóáú áóßó Ýöí ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¿ Åöäøóåõ ÃóæúÊóÑó ÈöÑóßúÚóÉò (1) ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÕóÇÈó Åöäøóåõ ÝóÞöíåñ (2) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãöåö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (3) Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑö¡ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ Úóäö ÇáÕøõäóÇÈöÍöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó ÕóáóÇÉð ÈöÕóáóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÅöãóÇãößõãú åóÐóÇ. íóÚúäöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó (4) .
ÝóåóÐöåö (5) ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÝöÞúåöåö æóÏöíäöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ ÈöÇáúÝöÞúåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÈöÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ æóåõãóÇ åõãóÇ. æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞóÉõ áöåóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ (6) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃóæúÊóÑó ÑóßúÚóÉð.
(2) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/28 - 29 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) æóäóÕøõåõ: åóáú áóßó Ýöí ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ÃóæúÊóÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöæóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÝóÞöíåñ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö.
(4) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö áöáúåóíúËóãöíøö 9/357 æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÛóíúÑó ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇáúãóÐúÍöÌöíøö¡ æóåõæó ËöÞóÉñ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(6) æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/357 Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÍóÓóäò¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ 9/356 - 357 æóÌóÇÁó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 2/913 - 915 Úóäö ÇáúÚöÑúÈóÇÖö Èúäö ÓóÇÑöíóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Úóáøöãú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáúÍöÓóÇÈó æóÞöåö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ØõÑõÞò ÖóÚöíÝóÉò Ãóæú ãõÑúÓóáóÉò æóáóßöäú íõÞóæøöí ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö¡ æóÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Úóáóì ßóáóÇãöåö¡ Õ 202 - 211 Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉõ 1371(6/235)
åóÐóÇ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ãõÓúáöãóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö. æóÞöíáó: ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. æóßóÇäó íóÚúÊóÑöÝõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ (1) áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝõÖóáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóåóÐöåö ÓöíÑóÊõåõ ãóÚó Úõãõæãö æöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö ãöäú ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÅöÝúÑöíÞöíøóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóãöäú ÞõÈúÑõÕó Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. ÝóßóíúÝó íõÔóÈøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Èöåöãú¿ æóåóáú ÊõæÌóÏõ ÓöíÑóÉõ ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó Çáúãõáõæßö ãöËúáõ ÓöíÑóÉö (2) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - (3)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÊóäó ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáÐøõäõæÈó ÇáøóÊöí áóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóÚúÙóãõ. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóãõßóÝøöÑóÇÊõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ áóåõãú. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÝóÌõãúåõæÑõåõãú æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÃóÝóÇÖöáöåöãú ãóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Ýöí ÝöÊúäóÉò.
ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ [ÇáúÅöãóÇãö] ÃóÍúãóÏó (4) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ [íóÚúäöí] ÇáÓøóÎúÊöíóÇäöíøó (5) ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ÞóÇáó: åóÇÌóÊö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÂáóÇÝò¡ ÝóãóÇ ÍóÖóÑóåóÇ (6) ãöäúåõãú ãöÇÆóÉñ¡ Èóáú áóãú íóÈúáõÛõæÇ (7) ËóáóÇËöíäó. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ
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(1) Í¡ È¡ ã: Ãóäøóåõ.
(2) ÓöíÑóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(3) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó äóÇÓöÎó (ã) ßóÇäó ÑóÇÝöÖöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÓóÇÈöÞóÉò ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö Úóáöíøò: Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. . . . .¡ ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ä¡ ã: Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøóÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ ÍóÖóÑóåóÇ.
(7) ä¡ ã: Ëõãøó áóãú íóÈúáõÛõæÇ.(6/236)
ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò (1) Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó [ãöäú] (2) ÃóæóÑöÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ãóäúØöÞöåö¡ æóãóÑóÇÓöíáõåõ ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáö.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ (* ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: áóãú íóÔúåóÏö ÇáúÌóãóáó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò æóÚóãøóÇÑò æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÎóÇãöÓò ÝóÃóäóÇ ßóÐøóÇÈñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí (3) *) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò ÞóÇáó: Þöíáó áöÔõÚúÈóÉó: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÔóíúÈóÉó Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ ÞóÇáó: ÔóåöÏó ÕöÝøöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÈó æóÇááøóåö¡ áóÞóÏú ÐóÇßóÑúÊõ ÇáúÍóßóãó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÐóÇßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÔóåöÏó ÕöÝøöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò ÛóíúÑó ÎõÒóíúãóÉó Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò.
ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞöáøóÉö ãóäú ÍóÖóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÖóÑóåóÇ Óóåúáõ Èúäõ ÍõäóíúÝò æóÃóÈõæ ÃóíøõæÈó. æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ãõÞóÇÑöÈñ (4) ÝóãóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÐúßõÑõ ãöÇÆóÉð æóÇÍöÏñ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó Úóäú ÈõßóíúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÔóÌøö ÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÇ Åöäøó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò áóÒöãõæÇ ÈõíõæÊóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóì ÞõÈõæÑöåöãú.
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(1) Ñ: æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ Í: æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ È¡ ä: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÃóÕóÍøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò.
(2) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈñ.(6/237)
[ÇáÓÈÈ ÇáËÇãä æÇáÊÇÓÚ æÇáÚÇÔÑ ãä ÈáÇÁ ÇáÞÈÑ æÃóåúæóÇáö íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æÇÞÊÕÇÕåã ãä ÈÚÖ]
ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: ãóÇ íõÈúÊóáóì Èöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÖøóÛúØóÉö æóÝöÊúäóÉö Çáúãóáóßóíúäö.
ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ãöäú ßóÑúÈö ÃóåúæóÇáö íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÈóÑõæÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó¡ æóÞóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóäúØóÑóÉò Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóíõÞúÊóÕøõ áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò (1) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõÐøöÈõæÇ æóäõÞøõæÇ ÃõÐöäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» (2) .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ áóÇ ÊóÝõæÊõ ßõáøõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (3) - ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãõ - ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÞõÑõæäö (4) ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¿ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ÇáúãõÍóÞøóÞóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó [ÈöãóÇ] (5) íõßúÐóÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú¿ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöãóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ ãöäú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåöãú (6) æóåõæó ãöäú ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåöãú¿
æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóØúÚóäó Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÝóÑøó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÈóÏúÑðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÈóíúÚóÉó ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö (7) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ÃóãøóÇ íóæúãõ ÃõÍõÏò ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. [æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: ÝóÑøó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò ÝóÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóÐúäóÈó ÚöäúÏóßõãú ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÚúÝõæÇ Úóäúåõ] (8) . æóÃóãøóÇ íóæúãõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/314 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÕó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÝöÑóÞö æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ÈöãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä: ÓöíóÇÓóÊöåöãú æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) ä: ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉó¡ Ñ: ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó.
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/238)
ÈóÏúÑò ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ Úóáóì ÇÈúäóÊöåö¡ æóÖóÑóÈó áóåõ ÈöÓóåúãöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóíúÚóÉõ ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚóËóåõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó æóÈóÇíóÚó Úóäúåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóíóÏõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú íóÏö ÚõËúãóÇäó (1) .
ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ (2) ÚóíúÈðÇ [ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõ ÚóíúÈðÇ] (3) ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí áóíúÓó ÈöÚóíúÈò¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉõ (4) ãóÇ íõÚóÇÈõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö (5) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö åõæó ÅöãøóÇ ÍóÓóäóÉñ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÚúÝõæøñ Úóäúåõ.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æáì ãä áÇ íÕáÍ ááæáÇíÉ]
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞóæúáõ (6) ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáøóì ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö. ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõæóáøö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú íóÕúáõÍõ. æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóáøóì ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó (7) íóÕúáõÍõ æóÃóÎúØóÃó (8) Ùóäøõåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó ÇáøóÐöí ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö æöáóÇíóÊõåõ ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/15 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó) 5/98 - 99 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ãöäúßõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÌóãúÚóÇäö) º Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/293 - 294 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó) º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 8/130 - 131¡ 251 - 252.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ÊóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÚóÇãøóÉõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÛóÇíóÉõ.
(5) Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí (Ñ) ¡ (ã) : Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
(6) ä: ÝóíõÞóÇáõ Þóæúáõ¡ ã: ÝóÕúáñ: ÝóÞóæúáõ.
(7) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(8) Í¡ È: ÝóÃóÎúØóÃó.(6/239)
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö [æóÇáÓøöíóÑö] (1) Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáøóÇåõ Úóáóì ÕóÏóÞóÇÊö äóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÑõÈó ãöäúåõãú ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÍóÇÑöÈõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÐúßõÑõ ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊóåõãú [áóåõ] (2) ¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÑúÓöáó Åöáóíúåöãú ÌóíúÔðÇ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉò ÝóÊõÕúÈöÍõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõãú äóÇÏöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 6] (3) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó¿ !
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáøóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ãóÝúÊõæÍñ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏö [Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò] (4) ÇÑúÊóÏøó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÊóÇÆöÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÈöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÓúáóÇãóåõ æóÊóæúÈóÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóåúÏóÑó Ïóãóåõ.
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ãöäú ÚõãøóÇáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÙõäøõåõ Ýöíåöãú. ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö. æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáøóì ãóäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÃóÕúáóÍõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ãóæóÇÑöÏö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
Ãóæú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ áöÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö ãóíøóáóÊúåõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó íóÙõäøõåõãú ÃóÍóÞøó ãöäú
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(2) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö 7/350 - 352
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ Ì: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÑúÍò¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú È.(6/240)
ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ (1) ßóÇäó ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó (2) Ãóäøó ÐóäúÈóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ¡ æóãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ ÇáúÎöíóÇäóÉõ.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÙõåõæÑõ Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ËóÇÈöÊðÇ Íöíäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çáúãõæóáøöíó Úóáöãó Ðóáößó. æóÚõËúãóÇäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ØóáóÈóåõ æóÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøó. æóßóÇäó íóÚúÒöáõ ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáúÚóÒúáö¡ æóíõÞöíãõ ÇáúÍóÏøó Úóáóì ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: æóÞóÓøóãó ÇáúãóÇáó Èóíúäó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóäúÈðÇ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãóæóÇÑöÏö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¿ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö: åóáú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóßóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí æóáöíøö (3) ÇáúíóÊöíãö: åóáú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãöäú ãóÇáö ÇáúíóÊöíãö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóäöíøðÇ ÃõÌúÑóÊóåõ ãóÚó ÛöäóÇåõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÑúßõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÑúßõ æóÇÌöÈñ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÃóÎúÐó ãöäú ãóÇáö (4) ÇáúíóÊöíãö ãóÚó ÇáúÛöäóì¡ ÌóæøóÒóåõ áöáúÚóÇãöáö Úóáóì ÈóíúÊö ãóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÌóæøóÒóåõ áöáúÞóÇÖöí æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúæõáóÇÉö. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÇáö ÇáúíóÊöíãö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõåõ ãöäú ãóÇáö (5) ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöáúÚóÇãöáö Úóáóì ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ãóÚó ÇáúÛöäóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÇãöáó Úóáóì ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÃóÎúÐõ ÌóÚóÇáóÊöåö ãóÚó ÛöäóÇåõ.
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(1) ä: æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ ã: æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ.
(2) Í¡ È: æóÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÕöíøö.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáö.
(5) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáö.(6/241)
æóæóáöíøõ (1) ÇáúíóÊöíãö ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöíåö: {æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÛóäöíøðÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚúÝöÝú æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ ÝóáúíóÃúßõáú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 6] .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö (2) Åöáóì Ãóäøó Óóåúãó Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì åõæó áöÞóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóÓóÞóØó ÍóÞøõ Ðóæöí ÞõÑúÈóÇåõ ÈöãóæúÊöåö. ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÓóÞóØó ÍóÞøõåõ ÈöãóæúÊöåö¡ ÝóÍóÞøõåõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íõÕúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÑóÇÚö æóÇáÓøöáóÇÍö æóÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ. æóÞöíáó: åõæó áöãóäú æóáöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÃóæøóáóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ. æóäõÞöáó (3) Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöÚóãóáöåö¡ æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒñ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÞúÑöÈóÇÁóåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó íõÚúØöíåöãú (4) áößóæúäöåöãú Ðóæöí ÞõÑúÈóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÚóÇãøóÉõ ãóäú Êóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó íóÎõÕøõ ÈóÚúÖó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöæöáóÇíóÉò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöãóÇáò. æóÚóáöíøñ æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (5) .
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÇÓÊÚãá ÇáæáíÏ Èä ÚÞÈÉ ÍÊì ÙåÑ ãäå ÔÑÈ ÇáÎãÑ æÕáì ÈÇáäÇÓ æåæ ÓßÑÇä]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ÔõÑúÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÕóáøóì ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö æóåõæó ÓóßúÑóÇäõ.
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(1) ä¡ Ñ¡ Í: æóæóÇáöí.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÐõßöÑó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö Ãóæú íõÚúØöíåöãú.
(5) ä: æóáøóì ÃóÑúÞóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/242)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ÌóÑóãó ØóáóÈóåõ æóÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: Þõãú ÝóÇÖúÑöÈúåõ. ÝóÃóãóÑó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÈöÖóÑúÈöåö¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó. æóÞóÇáó áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò: Þõãú ÝóÇÖúÑöÈúåõ¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóãúÓößú¡ ÖóÑóÈó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóßõáøñ ÓõäøóÉñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó. ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ [æóÛóíúÑõåõ] (1) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöÑóÃúíö Úóáöíøò æóÃóãúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÇÓÊÚãá ÓÚíÏ Èä ÇáÚÇÕ ÝÙåÑ ãäå ãÇ ÃÏì Åáì ÅÎÑÇÌ Ãåá ÇáßæÝÉ áå]
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÃóÏøóì Åöáóì Ãóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ãöäúåóÇ.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÐóäúÈò íõæÌöÈõ ÐóÇßó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæãõæäó Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇáò. ÞóÏú ÞóÇãõæÇ Úóáóì ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó¡ æóßóÓóÑó ÌõäõæÏó ßöÓúÑóì¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóáóãú íóÊóæóáøó Úóáóíúåöãú äóÇÆöÈñ (2) ãöËúáõåõ. æóÞóÏú ÔóßóæúÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ ãöËúáó ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò¡ æóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÇáúãõÛóíøóÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú áóÈøóÓõæÇ Úóáóíøó ÝóáóÈøöÓú Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÐúäóÈó ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ Ðóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÑóÇÖöíðÇ ÈöÐóäóÈöåö¡ æóäõæøóÇÈõ Úóáöíøò ÞóÏú ÃóÐúäóÈõæÇ ÐõäõæÈðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð. (3 Èóáú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú äõæøóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÐúäöÈõæäó ÐõäõæÈðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð 3) (3) . æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãõÐúäöÈðÇ
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(1) æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ñ) . æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 6/39 æóÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áöáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö Õ 85 - 87¡ 90 - 99.
(2) ä¡ ã: ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ Ñ: äóÇÆöÈðÇ.
(3) (3 - 3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .(6/243)
ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÍóÏøò (1) ¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÍóÞøò¡ Ãóæö ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÁò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó (2) .
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó åõäóÇßó ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æáì ÇÈä ÃÈí ÓÑÍ ãÕÑ ÍÊì ÊÙáã ãäå ÃåáåÇ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: æóæóáøóì ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò ãöÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÙóáøóãó ãöäúåõ ÃóåúáõåóÇ¡ æóßóÇÊóÈóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóãöÑøó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö ÓöÑøðÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÌóåúÑðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÞóÏú ÍóáóÝó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßúÊõÈú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÇáúÈóÇÑøõ ÈöáóÇ íóãöíäò¡ æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ãóÑúæóÇäó ßóÊóÈó ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ØóáóÈõæÇ Ãóäú íõÓóáøöãó Åöáóíúåöãú ãóÑúæóÇäó áöíóÞúÊõáõæåõ¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõ ãóÑúæóÇäó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ ÝóÐóÇßó (3) ãöäú ãóæóÇÑöÏö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöãóÑúæóÇäó ÐóäúÈñ íõæÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáóåõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáÊøóÒúæöíÑö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÊúáó. æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÑóßó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó ÇáúÚóÇãøó (4) .
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÃãÑ ÈÞÊá ãÍãÏ Èä ÃÈí ÈßÑ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóßõáøõ Ðöí Úöáúãò ÈöÍóÇáö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÅöäúÕóÇÝò áóåõ¡ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäúåõ ÞóØøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÊóáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÚóæúÇ Ýöí
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(1) ä: ÇáúÍóÏøö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö¡ Õ 374 - 375 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
(3) Í¡ È: ÝóÐóÇ.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú: ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö Õ 375 - 377 ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö Õ 109 - 110 Õ 126 - 129(6/244)
ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö ãõÍóãøóÏñ Ýöíãóäú ÏóÎóáó¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú ÏóÝúÚðÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóÚúÕõæãö ÇáÏøóãö¿ (1)
æóÅöäú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ áóãú íõØúÚóäú Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó. Èóáú ÚõËúãóÇäõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ãöãøóäú ØóáóÈó ÞóÊúáó ãóÑúæóÇäóº áöÃóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÅöãóÇãõ åõÏðì¡ æóÎóáöíÝóÉñ ÑóÇÔöÏñ¡ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÓöíóÇÓóÉõ ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÊúáõ ãóäú áóÇ íõÏúÝóÚõ ÔóÑøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö (2) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ØóáóÈõæÇ ÞóÊúáó ãóÑúæóÇäó ÝóÞóæúãñ ÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ãõÝúÓöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÞóÊúáõ ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÍóÏøò. æóÛóÇíóÊõåõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÙõáöãõæÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó áößõáøö ãóÙúáõæãò Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáó ÈöíóÏöåö ßõáøó ãóäú Ùóáóãóåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íõÞöíãó ÇáúÍóÏøó.
æóáóíúÓó ãóÑúæóÇäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑøö ãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÃóÔúåóÑó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãöäúåõ. Èóáú ÃóÎúÑóÌó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóäú ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ æóáóåõ Þóæúáñ ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ (3) ¡ æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö (4) .
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú: ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö¡ æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö Õ 376 - 377
(2) Í¡ È: ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö.
(3) ÃóæúÑóÏó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö ÇáäøóÇÈõáõÓöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÐóÎóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËö Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " 3/95 - 96¡ Ø. ÌóãúÚöíøóÉö ÇáäøóÔúÑö æóÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉõ¡ 1353 1934 ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ãóÑúæóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäúåóÇ 6200 - 6202 Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö.
(4) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 3/455 - 456 æóÞóÇáó: íõÞóÇáõ: æõáöÏó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÈöÓóäóÊóíúäö æóÞöíáó: ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔóÇåöíäó: ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ËóãóÇäö Óöäöíäó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóæúáöÏõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÈöÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó íóÞõæáõ: æõáöÏó ÚóÇãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ íóÚúäöí ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ãõãóíøöÒðÇ æóÝöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íõÏúÑóì ÃóÓóãöÚó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÔóíúÆðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Ýóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóåõ ÃóÒúíóÏõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö æóÃóÑúÓóáó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÑóæóì Úóäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(6/245)
æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áóíúÓó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóãú íõÏúÑößú ãöäú ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÔúåõÑðÇ ÞóáöíáóÉð: ãöäú Ðöí ÇáúÞöÚúÏóÉö Åöáóì Ãóæøóáö ÔóåúÑö ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æõáöÏó ÈöÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö áöÎóãúÓò ÈóÞöíäó ãöäú Ðöí ÇáúÞóÚúÏóÉö ÚóÇãó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö. æóãóÑúæóÇäõ ãöäú ÃóÞúÑóÇäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Ýóåõæó ÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÍóíóÇÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ ÚóÇãó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ Ãóæú ÚóÇãó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö. [æóÇáøóÐöíäó] (1) ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóãú íóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇåõ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ ÝóãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈõæåõ ÈöÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÝóì ÃóÈóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö íõäúßöÑõ Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ æóÅöäøó äóÝúíóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ ÈöãóßøóÉó ãóÚó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁö¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó ÞóÏú ÞóÇÑóÈó Óöäøó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÃóÈõæåõ ÍóÌøó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÍöÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÞóÏöãó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÌóÒúãõ ÈöäóÝúíö ÑõÄúíóÊöåö áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÇäõåõ¡ ßóÇáúãöÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõãú ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æáì ãÚÇæíÉ ÇáÔÇã ÝÃÍÏË ãä ÇáÝÊä ãÇ ÃÍÏË]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóáøóì (2) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáÔøóÇãó¡ ÝóÃóÍúÏóËó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊóäö ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáøóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÃóÎõæåõ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó æóáøóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ ãóßóÇäó ÃóÎöíåö. æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö
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(1) æóÇáøóÐöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) Í¡ È: æóáøóì.(6/246)
ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÒóÇÏóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö. æóßóÇäóÊú ÓöíÑóÉõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÚó ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÓöíóÑö (1) ÇáúæõáóÇÉö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ (2) .
æó [ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÎöíóÇÑõ ÃóÆöãøóÊößõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóßõãú¡ æóÊõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú æóíõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúßõãú¡ æóÔóÑóÇÑõ ÃóÆöãøóÊößõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõÈúÛöÖõæäóåõãú æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäóßõãú¡ æóÊóáúÚóäõæäóåõãú æóíóáúÚóäõæäóßõãú» " (4) .
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÇáúÅöÍúÏóÇËõ ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÇäúÊö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ ÔóÇãöáóÉð áöÃóßúËóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó ÈöåóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÃóØúáóÈó áöáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö (5) ÇáÔøóÑøö ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú.
æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö¡ æóãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóãöäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö (6) Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÚúæóÑö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö¡ [æóãöäú åóÇÔöãö Èúäö åóÇÔöãö Èúäö åóÇÔöãò ÇáúãöÑúÞóÇáö] (7) ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÇáúßöäúÏöíøö¡ æóãöäú ÈõÓúÑö (8) Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóÑúØóÇÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ æóãóÚó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -.
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(1) ä: ÓöíÑóÉö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö¡ Õ 231¡ 234¡ Õ 259¡ 262¡ 387 - 389.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ Í¡ È: æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/116¡ 1/565
(5) Í¡ È: ãöäó.
(6) ä: ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ä¡ ã: ÈöÔúÑö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÞõæøóÇÏö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æõáöÏó ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 86¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 1/152¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 2/23 - 24.(6/247)
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ææáì ÚÈÏ Çááå Èä ÚÇãÑ ÇáÈÕÑÉ ÝóÝóÚúáó ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóæóáøóì ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó¡ ÝóÝóÚúáó ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ áóÇ íõäúßóÑõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ãõäúßóÑðÇ ÝóÐóäúÈõåõ Úóáóíúåö (1) . Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó ÈöÇáúãõäúßóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáóåõ¿
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ææáì ãÑæÇä ÃãÑå æóÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíúåö ãóÞóÇáöíÏó ÃõãõæÑöåö]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóæóáøóì ãóÑúæóÇäó ÃóãúÑóåõ¡ æóÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíúåö ãóÞóÇáöíÏó ÃõãõæÑöåö¡ æóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÎóÇÊóãóåõ¡ æóÍóÏóËó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞóÊúáõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÍóÏóËó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóÏóËó ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÞóÊúáó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó áóãú íóßõäú ÓóÈóÈõåóÇ ãóÑúæóÇäó (2) æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Èóáö ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊú ÃõãõæÑñ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ¡ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåóÇ ÃõãõæÑñ ÊõäúßóÑõ ãöäú ãóÑúæóÇäó. æóÚõËúãóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ßóÈõÑó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó ÃóÔúíóÇÁó áóÇ íõÚúáöãõæäóåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÂãöÑðÇ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóäúßóÑúÊõãõæåóÇ Úóáóíúåö (3) ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÅöÈúÚóÇÏöåöãú æóÚóÒúáöåöãú¡ [ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó] (4) ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó (5) ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ.
æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÔóßóæúÇ ÃõãõæÑðÇ¡ ÃóÒóÇáóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ [ÚõËúãóÇäõ] (6) ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú Åöáóì ÚóÒúáö ãóäú íõÑöíÏõæäó ÚóÒúáóåõ¡ æóÅöáóì Ãóäøó ãóÝóÇÊöíÍó ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ÊõÚúØóì áöãóäú íóÑúÊóÖõæäóåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúØöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÔõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÑöÖóÇåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áóåõãú ØóáóÈñ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ
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(1) ä: ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóáóíúåö¡ ã: ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóáóíúåö.
(2) ä: áóãú Êóßõäú ÓóäóÉó ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ. ã: áóãú íóßõäú ÓóÈóÈõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäó.
(3) Ñ: ÃóäúßóÑúÊõãõæåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí ÃõäúßöÑóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) Í¡ È: æóÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(6) ÚõËúãóÇäõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/248)
- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -: " ãóÕóÕúÊõãõæåõ ßóãóÇ íõãóÕøõ (1) ÇáËøóæúÈõ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóãóÏúÊõãú Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÊóáúÊõãõæåõ ".
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÒõæøöÑó (2) Úóáóíúåö ßöÊóÇÈñ ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú (3) ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæåõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÝóÃóäúßóÑó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ. æóÃóäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóåóãõæÇ Èöåö ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ æóØóáóÈõæÇ ÊóÓúáöíãóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ Ýóáóãú íõÓóáøöãúåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ áóÇ íõÈöíÍõ [ÔóíúÆðÇ] ãöãøóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ [ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó] (4) . æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÑúæóÇäõ ÞóÏú ÃóÐúäóÈó Ýöí ÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö ÞóÊúáóåõãú¡ æó [áóßöäú] áóãú íóÊöãøó (5) ÛóÑóÖõåõ. æóãóäú ÓóÚóì Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÅöäúÓóÇäò æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ¡ áóãú íóÌöÈú ÞóÊúáõåõ. ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ. äóÚóãú íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ ãöãøóäú íóÝúÚóáõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¡ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑõåõ æóÊóÃúÏöíÈõåõ. æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøóãõ ÝóÃóãúÑñ ÚóÙöíãñ.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ßÇä íÄËÑ Ãåáå ÈÇáÃãæÇá ÇáßËíÑÉ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóßóÇäó íõÄúËöÑõ Ãóåúáóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö äóÝóÑò ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÒóæøóÌóåõãú ÈóäóÇÊöåö¡ ÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò (6) ¡ æóÏóÝóÚó Åöáóì ãóÑúæóÇäó ÃóáúÝó ÃóáúÝó ÏöíäóÇÑò ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: [ÃóæøóáðÇ] (7) Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Ãóíúäó ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ äóÚóãú ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÚóØóÇÁð ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóíõÚúØöí ÛóíúÑó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÍúÓöäðÇ Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì äóÞúáò ËóÇÈöÊò (8) .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: íõãúÊóÕøõ.
(2) ä: ÒóæøóÑõæÇ.
(3) ä¡ Ñ: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú¡ ã: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áöÞóÊúáöåöãú.
(4) ä¡ ã: áóÇ íõäöíÌõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ. æóßóáöãóÉõ íóäúÊõÌõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóáóãú íóÊöãøó.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò.
(7) ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ä¡ ã: Èóíøöäò.(6/249)
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ ËóÇäöíðÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóíøöäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÃóÚúØóæúÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãóÇ íõÞóÇÑöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÈúáóÛó. æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí (1) ãóäú íóÊóÃóáøóÝõåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ãöÇÆóÉõ ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö [ÏöÑúåóãò] (2) . æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúØö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóÏúÑó åóÐóÇ ÞóØøõ.
äóÚóãú ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ íõÚúØöí ÈóÚúÖó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö ãóÇ íõÚúØöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ íóÃúÊöí Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÊóÃúæöíáóÇäö Ýöí ÅöÚúØóÇÆöåöãú¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÃóØúÚóãó Çááøóåõ áöäóÈöíøò ØõÚúãóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ØõÚúãóÉð áöãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÑóæóæúÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ (3) ¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚó ÈóÓúØö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóÞóÇáõæÇ: [Åöäøó] (4) Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈöí Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ðóæõæ ÞõÑúÈóÇåõ¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö åõãú Ðóæõæ ÞõÑúÈóì ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãóÇ (5) ÃóÞóÇÑöÈõ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÔóãúÓò ãöäú ÃóßúÈóÑö ÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóäú íõæóÇÒöíåöãú ÅöáøóÇ Èóäõæ ãóÎúÒõæãò. æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÕöáóÉö ÑóÍöãöåö ãöäú ãóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ Ãóäøó æóáöíøó ÇáúÃóãúÑö íóÕöáõåõ ãöäú ãóÇáö ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ãöãøóÇ ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøõæÇ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íõæÕóáõæÇ ãöäú
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí.
(2) ÏöÑúåóãò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 109
(4) Åöäøó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) áóåõãóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áóåõãú.(6/250)
ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäóåõ¡ áößóæúäöåöãú Ãõæáöí ÞõÑúÈóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó äóÕúÑó æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáÐøóÈøó Úóäúåõ ãõÊóÚóíøóäñ¡ æóÃóÞóÇÑöÈõåõ íóäúÕõÑõæäóåõ æóíóÐõÈøõæäó Úóäúåõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áößõáøö Ðóæöí ÃóãúÑò (1) ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇãò íóÃúÊóãöäõåõãú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóíóÏúÝóÚõæäó Úóäúåõ ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÖóÑóÑóåõ. ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóÚó ÅöãóÇãöåöãú ßóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÈöØóÇäóÉò íóØúãóÆöäøõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóåõãú áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõãú ãöäú ßöÝóÇíóÉò. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóíúäö.
æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúÚóÇãöáöíäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 60] . æóÇáúÚóÇãöáõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáúÛóäöíøõ áóåõ (2) Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ÈöÚöãóÇáóÊöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÇáúÚóÇãöáõ Ýöí ãóÇáö ÇáúíóÊöíãö ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöíåö: {æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÛóäöíøðÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚúÝöÝú æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ ÝóáúíóÃúßõáú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 6] . æóåóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ áöáúÛóäöíøö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúÝóÇÝö ÃóãúÑõ ÅöíÌóÇÈò Ãóæú ÃóãúÑõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈò¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö.
(3 æóæóáöíøõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö æóäóÇÙöÑõ ÇáúæóÞúÝö åóáú åõæó ßóÚóÇãöáö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö 3) (3) (* Ãóæú ßóæóáöíøö ÇáúíóÊöíãö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ßóÚóÇãöáö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó ãóÚó ÇáúÛöäóì *) (4) . æóÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó ßóæóáöíøö ÇáúíóÊöíãö (5) ÝóÝöíåö ÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö. ÝóåóÐöåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ãóÚó ÇáúÛöäóì. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ áóíúÓóÊú ßóÃóÛúÑóÇÖö Çáúãõáõæßö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: áößõáøö Ðöí ÃóãúÑò.
(2) ä¡ ÇáúãóÚúäöíøõ áóåõ¡ ã: ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ áóåõ.
(3) (3 - 3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) - ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ä: æóÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó æóáöíøó ÇáúíóÊöíãö.(6/251)
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉð ÝóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÑúÌõæÍóÉð (1) ÝóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÑóÊú ãöäú Úóáöíøò áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÃóæúÌóåó ãöäúåóÇ. æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ÃóÞúæóì (2) ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö áöÞóæúáö ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÇÈä ãÓÚæÏ ßÇä íØÚä Úáì ÚËãÇä æíßÝÑå ÑÖí Çááå ÚäåãÇ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóØúÚóäõ Úóáóíúåö æóíõßóÝøöÑõåõ ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóíøöäö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÞúáö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ãóÇ ßóÇäó íõßóÝøöÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Èóáú áóãøóÇ æóáöíó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÐóåóÈó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÞóÇáó: " æóáøóíúäóÇ ÃóÚúáóÇäóÇ ÐóÇ ÝõæÞò æóáóãú äóÃúáõ ".
æóßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÇáúÃõæóáö (3) ãöäú æöáóÇíóÊöåö áóÇ íóäúÞöãõæäó ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉõ (4) äóÞóãõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó¡ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ åõãú ãóÚúÐõæÑõæäó Ýöíåö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑó Ýöíåö.
ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö Ðóáößó ÃóãúÑõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏòº ÝóÅöäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÈóÞöíó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö¡ áóãøóÇ ÝóæøóÖó ßöÊóÇÈóÊóåõ Åöáóì ÒóíúÏò Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó (5) Ãóäú íóÛúÓöáõæÇ (6) ãóÕóÇÍöÝóåõãú. æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ãóÚó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÏóÈóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ áöÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÝóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó (ã: ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÃóæúÌóåõ.
(3) Í¡ È: Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì.
(4) ä: æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ã: æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÇáúÂÎöÑö¡ Í¡ È: æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÓøóäóÉõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉõ.
(5) Í¡ È: æóÃóãóÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ.
(6) Ãóäú íóÛúÓöáõæÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Ãóäú íóÛúáõæÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäú íóÛúÓöáõæÇ ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÌöáúÏö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóÙúãö¡ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ.(6/252)
ÇáÕøõÍõÝö (1) ¡ ÝóäóÏóÈó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãóäú äóÏóÈóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÞóÏú ÍóÝöÙó ÇáúÚóÑúÖóÉó ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ Êöáúßó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÚóÇÑóÖó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞõÈöÖó Ýöíåö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó áóãøóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÏöãó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÇáäøößóÇÍó.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÚóÉõ ÛóÑóÖõåõãõ ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑõ Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÞõ (2) áöáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó áóÇ íõÝóÓøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúæõáóÇÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÝóÓøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó¿ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó Þóæúáö ÇáúÎóÕúãö [Ýöí ÎóÕúãöåö] (3) áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍó Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóáóÇãõ ÃóÍóÏö (4) ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÌöÑóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ØóÚóäó Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÝóáóíúÓó ÌóÚúáõ Ðóáößó ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäú ÌóÚúáöåö ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóËóÇÈóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö æóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ ÎóØóÃóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÏóÑó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÐóäúÈñ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ ÝóÐóäúÈõ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò (5) ãöäúåõãóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÐøöÈõåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö.
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(1) ä: áöÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö áöáÕøõÍõÝö¡ ã: áöÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö Ýöí ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: Ãóæö ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ¡ ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÝöÓúÞõ.
(3) Ýöí ÎóÕúãöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÃóÍóÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) æóÇÍöÏò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .(6/253)
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö. åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚóãøóÇÑò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò [æóãöäú] ÛóíúÑöåöãú (1) ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö.
ÝóáóíúÓó ÌóÚúáõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö ÞóÇÏöÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ Èóáú Åöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöÚöáúãò æóÚóÏúáò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Êõßõáøöãó ÈöãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåöãóÇ æóÏöíäöåöãóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÔóÌóÑó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÊóäóÇÒóÚóÇ Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑõåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóæúÕóæúÇ (2) ÈöÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßö ÚóãøóÇ ÔóÌóÑó Èóíúäóåõãúº áöÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓúÃóáõ Úóäú Ðóáößó (3) .
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: " Êöáúßó ÏöãóÇÁñ ØóåøóÑó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ íóÏóíøó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃõÎóÖøöÈó ÈöåóÇ áöÓóÇäöí ". æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: {Êöáúßó ÃõãøóÉñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú áóåóÇ ãóÇ ßóÓóÈóÊú æóáóßõãú ãóÇ ßóÓóÈúÊõãú æóáóÇ ÊõÓúÃóáõæäó ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 134] .
áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãõÈúÊóÏöÚñ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåöãú ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáÐøóÈøö Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÐößúÑö ãóÇ íõÈúØöáõ ÍõÌøóÊóåõ (4) ÈöÚöáúãò æóÚóÏúáò.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ äõÞöáó ãöäú Êóßóáøõãö ÚóãøóÇÑò Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÞóæúáö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ýöíåö¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " áóÞóÏú ßóÝóÑó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßõÝúÑóÉð ÕóáúÚóÇÁó "¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ÃóäúßóÑó [Ðóáößó] (5) Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " íóÇ ÚóãøóÇÑõ ÃóÊóßúÝõÑõ ÈöÑóÈøò Âãóäó Èöåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ¿ ".
æóÞóÏú ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö ÞóÏú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ßõÝúÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãõÎúØöÆðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö. æóáóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(2) ÃóæúÕóæúÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÕøóæúÇ.
(3) ä¡ ã: áóÇ ÈöÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóäú Ðóáößó.
(4) Í¡ Ñ: ÍõÌøóÊóåõãú.
(5) Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/254)
åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ æóæöáóÇíóÊöåö. ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÃõÓóíúÏó Èúäó ÍõÖóíúÑò ÞóÇáó áöÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " Åöäøóßó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ ÊõÌóÇÏöáõ Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó " (1) ¡ æóßóãóÇ «ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áöÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó: " ÏóÚúäöí íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóÖúÑöÈú ÚõäõÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö "¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ¡ æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßó áóÚóáøó Çááøóåó ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÚúãóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áóßõãú» " (2) .
ÝóÚõãóÑõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó ÈöÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò. æóÍõÌøóÉõ ÚõãóÑó ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÍóÇØöÈò ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ÍõÌøóÉö ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ [æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ] ÝóßöáóÇåõãóÇ (3) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÚóãøóÇÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö ãóÇ ÞóÇáó¿ ! ãóÚó Ãóäøó ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóãøóÇÑñ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä Íßã ÈÖÑÈ ÇÈä ãÓÚæÏ ÑÖí Çááå ÚäåãÇ ÍÊì ãÇÊ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (4) : " Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ Íóßóãó ÖóÑóÈó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ æóáöíó ÃóÞóÑøó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÌóÑóì ãöäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò [ãóÇ ÌóÑóì. æóãóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò] (5) ãöäú ÖóÑúÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÕúáðÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÖóÑóÈó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóæú ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/333 æóåõæó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÝúßö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/501
(3) ä¡ ã: ÚóãøóÇÑò æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ.
(4) æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: ãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ñ) .(6/255)
íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãúº ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó æóáöíó Çááøóåö ÞóÏú íóÕúÏõÑõ ãöäúåõ (1) ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö¿ (2)
æóÞóÏú ÖóÑóÈó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÃõÈóíøó Èúäó ßóÚúÈò ÈöÇáÏøöÑøóÉö áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÇÓó íóãúÔõæäó ÎóáúÝóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ åóÐóÇ íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÐöáøóÉñ áöáÊøóÇÈöÚö æóÝöÊúäóÉñ áöáúãóÊúÈõæÚö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÏøóÈó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãõÕöíÈðÇ Ýöí ÊóÚúÒöíÑöåöãú áöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåöãú Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäõ (3) Ðóáößó ÇáøóÐöí ÚõÒøöÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÇÈõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ßõÝøöÑó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊöåöãú (4) ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÙúáõæãöíäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöíåöãú æóÒöíóÇÏóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö.
æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ãõËóÇÈðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ãõÌúÊóåöÏõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ áóÇ íóÃúËóãõæäó Èöåö¡ Èóáú íõËóÇÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö áöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú. ãöËúáó ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑóÉó ÑóÌõáñ ÕóÇáöÍñ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãõÍúÊóÓöÈðÇ Ýöí ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÍúÊóÓöÈñ Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö ãõËóÇÈñ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
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(1) ä: Úóäúåõ.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö¡ Õ 54 ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 63 - 64
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: æóíóßõæäõ.
(4) ä: æóÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊöåöãú.(6/256)
ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí ÊóÃúÏöíÈö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò [æóÚóãøóÇÑò] (1) ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÊöáõæäó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ãóÛúÝõæÑðÇ áóåõ ÎóØóÄõåõ ÝóÇáúãõÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÐóáößó (2) .
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó. ÝóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ (3) íóÞóÚõ ßóËöíÑðÇ: íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóíóÑóì æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ãóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöí æóÅöäú ÊóÇÈó ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÝúÚöåö (4) Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
ÝóÇáÒøóÇäöí æóÇáÓøóÇÑöÞõ æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÝúÚö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ áóãú íóÓúÞõØö ÇáúÍóÏøõ Úóäúåõãú (5) ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ Èóáú íõÚóÇÞóÈõæäó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåöãú ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöíäó áöáúÌóäøóÉö (6) ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÍóÏøõ ãöãøóÇ íõËóÇÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõÄúÌóÑõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö.
æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÊóáó ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏóåõ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöÞóÊúáöåö ÞöÕóÇÕðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎóÐó ãóÇáðÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÇáö ÈöÍóÞøöåöãú ÚöäúÏó æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ Íõßöãó áóåõãú Èöåö¡ æóÚóÇÞóÈó ãóäö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú ÊóÓúáöíãö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Èöåö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ Èóáú ÈóÑöíÆðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö.
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(1) æóÚóãøóÇÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóæúáóì ÈöÐóáößó.
(3) Í¡ Ñ: æóåóÐóÇ.
(4) ã: ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÝúÚö.
(5) ä: Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÏøõ.
(6) Í¡ È: ÇáúÌóäøóÉó.(6/257)
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö íóÍöÏøõæäó ãöäú ÔõÑúÈö ÇáäøóÈöíÐö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÒóÚö (1) Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ. æóßóÐóáößó íóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÈóÇÛöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáö áöÏóÝúÚö ÈóÛúíöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÝóÓøöÞõæäóåõ áöÊóÃúæöíáöåö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚóãøóÇÑó Èúäó íóÇÓöÑò áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö åõæó æóÇáúÍóÓóäóº áöíõÚöíäõæÇ Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó (2) ¡ ÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ íóÇÓöÑò: ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÒóæúÌóÉõ äóÈöíøößõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÈúÊóáóÇßõãú ÈöåóÇ áöíóäúÙõÑó: ÅöíøóÇåõ ÊõØöíÚõæäó Ãóãú ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¿ (3)
ÝóÞóÏú ÔóåöÏó áóåóÇ ÚóãøóÇÑñ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÒóæúÌóÉõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÏóÝúÚöåóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãöäú ÞöÊóÇáò æóÛóíúÑöåö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóãøóÇÑñ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóíõÞóÇÊöáõåóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóíóÖúÑöÈõåõ¿
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ [íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ãóÇ] æóÞóÚó ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ [æóåóÐóÇ] ãõÐúäöÈöíäó Ýöíåö (4) . æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ãóÔúåõæÏñ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÐõäõæÈñ.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÍÏíË ãßÐæÈ íÐßÑå ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úä ÚãÇÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÚóãøóÇÑñ ÌöáúÏóÉñ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíøó¡ ÊóÞúÊõáõåõ ÇáúÝöÆóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇÛöíóÉõ¡ áóÇ ÃóäóÇáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÔóÝóÇÚóÊöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» ".
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(1) ä: ÇáúãõäóÇÒóÚö.
(2) ä¡ ã: áöíõÚöíäõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/29 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . .¡ ÈóÇÈö ÝóÖúáö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. . .¡ 9/55 - 56 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÇáúåóíúËóãö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/265
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó: íõÞóÇáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÐúäöÈöíäó Ýöíåö.(6/258)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «ÊóÞúÊõáõ ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ ÇáúÝöÆóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇÛöíóÉõ» " (1) . æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÖóÚøóÝõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÇáúßóÑóÇÈöíÓöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóäõÞöáó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «áóÇ ÃóäóÇáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÔóÝóÇÚóÊöí» " ÝóßóÐöÈñ ãóÒöíÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãóÚúÑõæÝò (2) .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " «ÚóãøóÇÑñ ÌöáúÏóÉñ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíøó» " áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ (3) .
æóáóæú Þöíáó ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (* Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈõÖúÚóÉñ ãöäøöí¡ íõÑöíÈõäöí ãóÇ íõÑöíÈõåóÇ» " (4) . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ *) (5) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú Ãóäøó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÓóÑóÞóÊú áóÞóØóÚúÊõ íóÏóåóÇ» " (6) . æó [ËóÈóÊó] Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (7) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ (8) : " «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõåõ ÝóÃóÍöÈøóåõ æóÃóÍöÈøó ãóäú íõÍöÈøõåõ» " (9) . æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÅöäúßóÇÑðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó:
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/413 - 420
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(3) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/145 - 242 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: Ãóäøó Èóäöí ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäõæäöí. . . . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 1327¡ 1328¡ 1329¡ 1330¡ 1334¡ 1335
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/534 - 5/74
(7) ä: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ.
(8) ä¡ ã: æóíóÞõæáõ.
(9) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ Úóäú ÍõÈøö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ: ÇäúÙõÑú: Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/342 (ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈó ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó) ¡ (ãóÌúãóÚó ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö áöáúåóíúËóãöíøö 9/286¡ ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö) 2/834 - 386¡ ÊóÑúÊöíÈó ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö¡ ÊóÃúáöíÝõ ÃóÍúãóÏú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÈóäøóÇ 2/140¡ Ø ÇáúãõäöíÑöíøóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøóÉö) 1372 (ÇáúãóÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) ¡ 5/205¡ 210 æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóÃúÎõÐõåõ æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóíóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõåõãóÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøóåõãóÇ. æóÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/39(6/259)
" «íóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ÃóÞóÊóáúÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¿ [ÃóÞóÊóáúÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ] (1) ¿ " ÞóÇáó: " ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íõßóÑøöÑõåóÇ Úóáóíøó ÍóÊøóì ÊóãóäøóíúÊõ Ãóäøöí áóãú Ãóßõäú ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãóÆöÐò» " (2) .
[æóËóÈóÊó] Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ íóÇ ÚóÈøóÇÓõ Úóãøó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ» " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (4) .
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÍóãøóÇÑò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÖúÑöÈõåõ (5) Úóáóì ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ãóÑøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ãóÑøóÉò¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ (6) Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ (7) .
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/560
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÚóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/6 - 7 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈö åóáú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ æóÇáúæóáóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞóÇÑöÈö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Íöíäó ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Úóáóíúåö: ((æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó)) ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÞõÑóíúÔò - Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉð äóÍúæóåóÇ - ÇÔúÊóÑõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ. . .¡ íóÇ ÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóíóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Óóáöíäöí ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊö ãöäú ãóÇáöí áóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/112 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈö ((æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó)) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 214] (Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/208 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈö: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóæúÕóì áöÚóÔöíÑóÊöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/305 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈö ((æóÃóäúÐöÑú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóßó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó)) ) .
(5) Í¡ È: íõÖúÑóÈõ.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ.
(7) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/458(6/260)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÎóÇáöÏò: " ÓóíúÝñ (1) ãöäú ÓõíõæÝö Çááøóåö " (2) æóáóãøóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ýöí Èóäöí ÌóÐöíãóÉó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åöáóíúßó ãöãøóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÎóÇáöÏñ» " (3) .
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: " «ÃóäúÊó ãöäøöí æóÃóäóÇ ãöäúßó» " (4) . æóáóãøóÇ ÎóØóÈó ÈöäúÊó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Èóäöí ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäõæäöí Ýöí Ãóäú íõÒóæøöÌõæÇ ÇÈúäóÊóåõãú (5) ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøöí áóÇ ÂÐóäõ¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÂÐóäõ¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÂÐóäõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑöíÏó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Ãóäú íõØóáøöÞó ÇÈúäóÊöí æóíóÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇÈúäóÊóåõãú. æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ÈöäúÊõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÈöäúÊõ ÚóÏõæøö Çááøóåö ÚöäúÏó ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò» " (6) .
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò íóÖúÑöÈõ ÚóÈúÏóåõ æóåõæó ãõÍúÑöãñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " «ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúãõÍúÑöãõ» " (7) æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ.
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(1) È: Åöäøóåõ ÓóíúÝñ.
(2) ãóÖóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ 4/477
(3) ãóÖóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ 4/486 - 487
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/34
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ ã: ÈöäúÊóåõãú.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Õ 259
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/223 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÍúÑöãö íõÄóÏøöÈõ ÛõáóÇãóåõ¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍõÌøóÇÌðÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÒöãóÇáóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÒöãóÇáóÉõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãóÚó ÛõáóÇãò áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÌóáóÓó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóäúÊóÙöÑõ Ãóäú íóØúáõÚó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóØóáóÚó æóáóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÈóÚöíÑõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Ãóíúäó ÈóÚöíÑõßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÖúáóáúÊõåõ ÇáúÈóÇÑöÍóÉó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÈóÚöíÑñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÊõÖöáøõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóØóÝöÞó íóÖúÑöÈõåõ¡ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÈúÊóÓöãõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÍúÑöãö ãóÇ íóÕúäóÚõ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÑöÒúãóÉó: ÝóãóÇ íóÒöíÏõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÍúÑöãö ãóÇ íóÕúäóÚõ. æóíóÈúÊóÓöãõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/978 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæóÞøöí Ýöí ÇáúÅöÍúÑóÇãö) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö 3/432 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ: æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó.(6/261)
Ýóßóæúäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãóÍúÈõæÈðÇ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íõÄóÏøóÈó ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãöäú æóÕóÈò æóáóÇ äóÕóÈò¡ æóáóÇ åóãøò æóáóÇ ÍóÒóäò¡ æóáóÇ Ûóãøò æóáóÇ ÃóÐðì¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÔøóæúßóÉó íõÔóÇßõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÝøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ [ãöäú] (1) ÎóØóÇíóÇåõ» ". ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (2) .
æóáóãøóÇ äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ãóäú íóÚúãóáú ÓõæÁðÇ íõÌúÒó Èöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 123] . «ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÞóÇÕöãóÉõ ÇáÙøóåúÑö. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóÓúÊó ÊóÍúÒóäõ¿ ÃóáóÓúÊó ÊóäúÕóÈõ¿ ÃóáóÓúÊó ÊõÕöíÈõßó ÇááøóÃúæóÇÁõ¿ Ýóåõæó ãöãøóÇ ÊõÌúÒóæúäó Èöåö» ¿ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " «ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊñ áöÃóåúáöåóÇ» ". (4) .
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(1) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 228¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ãóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ãöäú. . . . ÅöáóÎú.
(3) åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÒõåóíúÑò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ ãöäú ÕöÛóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/181 - 182 ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö 68 - 71 æóåõæó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 9/341 - 343 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãóÍúãõæÏ ÔóÇßöÑ Õ 243 ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 2/370 (æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö¡ æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -: ÇááøóÃúæóÇÁõ ÇáÔøöÏøóÉõ æóÖöíúÞõ ÇáúãóÚöíÔóÉö) ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 3/74 - 75 æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÌóÈñ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇäúÞöØóÇÚó ÓóäóÏöåö Èóíøöäñ.
(4) áöÃóåúáöåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö æóáóßöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 6/265 - 266 ÞóÏú ÎóÕøóÕó ÈóÇÈðÇ ÈöÚõäúæóÇäö: ÈóÇÈõ åóáú ÊõßóÝøöÑõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈó Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö ÑöÌóÇáõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÛóíúÑó ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáÑøóãóÇÏöíøö¡ æóåõæó ËöÞóÉñ. Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÊõÝöíÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ßóÝóÇÑøóÇÊñ¡ ãöäúåóÇ: Úóäú ÎõÒóíúãóÉó Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: ÃóíøõãóÇ ÚóÈúÏò ÃóÕóÇÈó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ äóåóì Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÞöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏøõåõ ßóÝøóÑó Úóäúåõ Ðóáößó ÇáÐøóäúÈó. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ãóäú ÃóÕóÇÈó ÐóäúÈðÇ æóÃõÞöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏøõ Ðóáößó ÇáÐøóäúÈö Ýóåõæó ßóÝøóÇÑóÊõåõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÑóÇæò áóãú íõÓóãøó¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó¡ æóÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÑöÌóÇáöåö ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃõÎóÑó ÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ.(6/262)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÈóÇíöÚõæäöí Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÒúäõæÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÑöÞõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÃúÊõæÇ ÈöÈõåúÊóÇäò ÊóÝúÊóÑõæäóåõ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíßõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáößõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÕõæäöí (1) Ýöí ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ Ýóãóäú æóÝøóì ãöäúßõãú ÝóÃóÌúÑõåõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóãóäú ÃóÕóÇÈó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÚõæÞöÈó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ýóåõæó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ áóåõ¡ æóãóäú ÃóÕóÇÈó [ãöäú Ðóáößó] (2) ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÓóÊóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóãúÑõåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÚóÐøóÈóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÛóÝóÑó áóåõ» " (3) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæöíøóÉõ (4) ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÌúÑöí ÈöÛóíúÑö ÝöÚúáö ÈóÔóÑò (5) ãöãøóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ íóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö (6) ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ ßóãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóÐóì ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõåõãú¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãó ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáÙøóÇáöãö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÕõæÇ.
(2) ãöäú Ðóáößó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/8 - 9 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö 5/55 ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö æõÝõæÏö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöãóßøóÉó æóÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö) 8/159¡ 162 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö: ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ¡ ÈóÇÈö ÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1333 - 1334 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö: ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊñ áöÃóåúáöåóÇ) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 7/144 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ËóæóÇÈö ãóäú æóÝøóì ÈöãóÇ ÈóÇíóÚó Úóáóíúåö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/220 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö: Ýöí ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáÓøóãóÇÆöíøóÉõ.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝöÚúáö ÈóÔóÑò " ãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(6) ä: ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáÙøóÇáöãö æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑö¡ Ñ: ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ßóÇÝöÑðÇ æóÇáÙøóÇáöãö¡ æóíõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóáóßöäú íõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÉò Ýöí (Í) ¡ ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö ÇáúÎóáúÞö.(6/263)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÍóÏøò æóÊóÚúÒöíÑò íóßõæäõ ÊóßúÝöíÑõ ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ Èöåö Ãóæúáóì.
æóßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÃóÍóÏõåõãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÌóÇÁó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóãöíÑö æóÞóÇáó: " ØóåøöÑúäöí ".
æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãóÇÚöÒõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóØóáóÈóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ Ýóßóæúäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö æóáöíøðÇ áöáøóåö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ãóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö¡ ãöäú ÊóÃúÏöíÈö æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åõãú ãõÌúÊóåöÏõæäó ãóÚúÐõæÑõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÏøóÈóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÝóÚõËúãóÇäõ Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÏøóÈóåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöãóÇãñ ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÊóÞúæöíãö ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö. æóßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö Çáúåóæóì¡ æóÃóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÏøóÈóåõãú Úóáóíúåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó -.
æóáóæú ÞóÏóÍó ÑóÌõáñ Ýöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇÊóáó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ [æóÞóÇÊóáó] ØóáúÍóÉó (1) æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó.
áóÞöíáó áóåõ: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÃóÝúÖóáõ æóÃóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ åõãõ ÇáúÚóÇÏöáöíäó (2) æóåõæó ÙóÇáöãñ áóåõãú.
ßóÐóáößó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöíãóäú ÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏøðÇ Ãóæú ÊóÚúÒöíÑðÇ åõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö ãöäúåõãú. æóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÈó ÇáÐøóÈøõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáÐøóÈøõ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó Ãóæúáóì.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóØóáúÍóÉó.
(2) Í: åõãõ ÇáúÚóÇÏöáõæäó.(6/264)
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÇáÑÓæá Úáíå ÇáÓáÇã ØÑÏ ÇáÍßã æÇÈäå Úä ÇáãÏíäÉ æÑÏåãÇ ÚËãÇä æÃßÑãåãÇ]
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " æóØóÑóÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÍóßóãó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóãøó ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóãóÚóåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú åõæó æóÇÈúäõåõ ØóÑöíÏóíúäö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóáöíó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÂæóÇåõ æóÑóÏøóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÌóÚóáó ãóÑúæóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈóåõ æóÕóÇÍöÈó ÊóÏúÈöíÑöåö. ãóÚó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÞóæúãðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö íõæóÇÏøõæäó ãóäú ÍóÇÏøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ} [ÇáúÂíóÉó] (1) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: 22] .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóßóãó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö ßóÇäó ãöäú ãõÓúáöãóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóáúÝóíú ÑóÌõáò¡ æóãóÑúæóÇäõ ÇÈúäõåõ ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÞúÑóÇäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÇáúãöÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó¡ ÚõãúÑõåõ Íöíäó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö Óöäøó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö: ÅöãøóÇ ÓóÈúÚõ Óöäöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÈöÞóáöíáò¡ Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøõ ÈöÞóáöíáò¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú áöãóÑúæóÇäó ÐóäúÈñ íõØúÑóÏõ Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ ÊóÓúßõäõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ØóÑóÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ØóÑóÏóåõ ãöäú ãóßøóÉó áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóáóæú ØóÑóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóßóÇäó íõÑúÓöáõåõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó. æóÞóÏú ØóÚóäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí äóÝúíöåö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åõæó ÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö.
æóÞöÕøóÉõ äóÝúíö ÇáúÍóßóãö áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö ÃóãúÑõåóÇ.
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÑúæöí Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÇßóì (2) ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ãöÔúíóÊöåö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ äóÝóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö.
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(1) ÇáúÂíóÉõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÌóÇæó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/265)
æóÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú åóÇÌóÑó¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ åöÌúÑóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóáóßöäú ÌöåóÇÏñ æóäöíøóÉñ» " (1) .
æóáóãøóÇ (2) ÞóÏöãó ÕóÝúæóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃõãóíøóÉó ãõåóÇÌöÑðÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÈöÇáÑøõÌõæÚö] (3) Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó. æóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÈöÑóÌõáò (4) áöíõÈóÇíöÚóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÃóÞúÓóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöåö æóÞóÇáó: " « [Åöäøöí] (5) ÃóÈúÑóÑúÊõ ÞóÓóãó Úóãøöí æóáóÇ åöÌúÑóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö» ".
æóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÞóÈúáó æõÕõæáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÅöáóíúåóÇ] (6) ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ ÝóáóÞöíóåõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö. Ýóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ ÊóÓúßõäõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ØóÑóÏóåõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ØóÑóÏóåõ ãöäú ãóßøóÉó áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóáóæú ØóÑóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóßóÇäó íõÑúÓöáõåõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó.
æóÞóÏú ØóÚóäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí äóÝúíöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åõæó ÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö.
æóÇáØøóÑúÏõ åõæó ÇáäøóÝúíõ¡ æóÇáäøóÝúíõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí æóÝöí ÇáúãõÎóäøóËöíäó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÚóÒøóÑõæäó ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÚóÒøóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú íóÈúÞóì ãóäúÝöíøðÇ Øõæáó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö¡ æóáóãú ÊóÃúÊö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉõ ÈöÐóäúÈò íóÈúÞóì ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/398
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóáóãøóÇ.
(3) ÈöÇáÑøõÌõæÚö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ÈöÑóÌõáò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Ñ) .
(5) Åöäøöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ÅöáóíúåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/266)
ãóäúÝöíøðÇ [ÏóÇÆöãðÇ] (1) ¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö ÓóäóÉð¡ æóåõæó äóÝúíõ ÇáÒøóÇäöí æóÇáúãõÎóäøóËö ÍóÊøóì íóÊõæÈó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÎúäöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÊóÚúÒöíÑõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãö áöÐóäúÈò ÍóÊøóì íóÊõæÈó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó ÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì ÐóäúÈò ãóÇÖò Ýóåõæó ÃóãúÑñ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøñ áóãú íõÞóÏøóÑú Ýöíåö ÞóÏúÑñ¡ æóáóãú íõæóÞøóÊú Ýöíåö æóÞúÊñ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇáäøóÝúíõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóØõáú ãõÏøóÊõåõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ØóÇáóÊú ãõÏøóÊõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÔóÝóÚó Ýöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóßóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈðÇ áöáúæóÍúíö¡ æóÇÑúÊóÏøó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÃóåúÏóÑó Ïóãóåõ Ýöíãóäú ÃóåúÏóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó [Èöåö] (2) ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÝóÞóÈöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóÝóÇÚóÊóåõ Ýöíåö æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÔóÝóÇÚóÊóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóßóãö¿ !
æóÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íóÑõÏøóåõ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÐóäúÈóåõ Ïõæäó ÐóäúÈö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò. æóÞöÕøóÉõ [ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö] ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ (3) ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúÍóßóãö ÝóÚóÇãøóÉõ ãóäú ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ãõÑúÓóáóÉð¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáúãõÄóÑøöÎõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúËõÑõ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæõæäóåõ¡ æóÞóáøó Ãóäú íóÓúáóãó áóåõãú äóÞúáõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇ (4) äóÞúáñ ËóÇÈöÊñ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍó Ýöíãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó.
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(1) ÏóÇÆöãðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÞöÕøóÉñ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ.
(4) Í: åõäóÇßó¡ È: åõäóÇáößó.(6/267)
æóÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ¡ æóËóäóÇÆöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö ÈöÇÈúäóÊóíúåö¡ æóÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö áóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóãõÈóÇíóÚóÊöåö áóåõ Úóäúåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóåõ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ æóÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö áóåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇÊó æóåõæó Úóäúåõ ÑóÇÖò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÞóØúÚöíøó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÏúÝóÚõ åóÐóÇ ÈöäóÞúáò áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóíúÝó æóÞóÚó¡ æóíõÌúÚóáõ áöÚõËúãóÇäó ÐóäúÈñ ÈöÃóãúÑò áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÚóÇÑöÖõæäó ÇáúãõÍúßóãó ÈöÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÒóíúÛñ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó.
(* æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ãöäú ÔöÑóÇÑö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÛöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó *) (1) ÇáøóÐöíäó Ðóãøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóßõäú íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöäóÝúíö ÃóÍóÏò ÏóÇÆöãðÇ Ëõãøó íóÑõÏøõåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõäúßöÑõ Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó. æóßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íõÞúÏöãó Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ (2) ¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ¡ ÝóáóÚóáøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - áóãú íóÑõÏøóÇåõ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóØúáõÈú Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóØóáóÈóåõ ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú áóÚóáøóåõ áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú áóåõãóÇ ÊóæúÈóÊõåõ¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó Ðóáößó áöÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃð ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ãóæú ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) ä¡ ã: Ðóáößó.(6/268)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊößúÊóÇÈõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ ÝóãóÑúæóÇäõ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÐóäúÈñ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ áóãú íóÌúÑö Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóáóãõ¡ æóãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãóÑúæóÇäõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛö [ÇáúÍõáõãó] (1) ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÚóÔúÑõ Óöäöíäó Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÓúáöãðÇ ÈóÇØöäðÇ æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ íóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóíóÊóÝóÞøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò íõÚóÇÈõ Èöåö (2) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÐóäúÈó áöÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí ÇÓúÊößúÊóÇÈöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ ÝóÃóÕóÇÈóÊú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÑúæóÇäõ ãöãøóäú íõÍóÇÏøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæåõ ÇáúÍóßóãõ Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁö¡ æóÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ ÍóÓõäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÐóäúÈò íõÚóÒøóÑõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö.
æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó ÊóÌúÑöí Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö íõÙúåöÑõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÏøóÉó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Èóáú íóÑöËõ æóíõæÑóËõ¡ æóíõÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõÏúÝóäõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÊóÌúÑöí Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÌúÑöí Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó äöÝóÇÞõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúÓö æóÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃõÈóíøö [ÇÈúäö Óóáõæáò] (3) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íóÊóÚóÕøóÈõæäó áóåõãú ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÚóÕøóÈó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó áöÇÈúäö ÃõÈóíøò Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ÇáúÍõáõãó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í¡ È: Ýöíåö.
(3) ÇÈúäö Óóáõæáò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/269)
æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÞóÇáó áöÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò: " æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö " (1) . æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóäúÈðÇ ãöäú ÓóÚúÏò áóãú íõÎúÑöÌúåõ Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ Èóáú ÓóÚúÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö. ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ Âæóì ÑóÌõáðÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ¿ !
æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäõ Åöáóíúåö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáØøóÚúäö [Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó] ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó (2) - ÊóÚóÇáóì - íóÞõæáõ: {áóÇ íóäúåóÇßõãõ Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæßõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌõæßõãú ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑößõãú Ãóäú ÊóÈóÑøõæåõãú æóÊõÞúÓöØõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 8] (3) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøó Ãõãøöí ÞóÏöãóÊú æóåöíó ÑóÇÛöÈóÉñ¡ ÃóÝóÃóÕöáõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: " «äóÚóãú Õöáöí Ãõãøóßö» " (4) .
æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÕóÊú ÕóÝöíøóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ Íõíóíøö Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó áöÞóÑóÇÈóÉò áóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÞóÏú íóÕöáõ ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó¡ æóáóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ æóÕóáó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ýöíåöãú Ãóäú íõÊøóåóãõæÇ ÈöÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¿ !
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(1) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóÑóÏóÊú Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÝúßö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/33.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÞóÏúÍö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö Õ 77 - 79
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/164 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúåöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúåóÏöíøóÉö áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/696 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÝóÖúáö ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó æóÇáÒøóæúÌö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/170 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 6/344 - 347(6/270)
æó [Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó] ÕóÝöíøóÉõ (1) ÈöäúÊõ Íõíóíøö Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåóÇ ãöäú ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúíóåõæÏö (2) ÇáúãõÍóÇÏøöíäó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú åöíó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÕóÇáöÍóÉð ãöäú ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊóÊú ÃóæúÕóÊú áöÈóÚúÖö ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö (3) ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÊõÍúãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÐóãøõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÕöáóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö áöÃóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ÈöÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö áóåõãú. ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Åöáóì Úóãøöåö ÇáúãõÙúåöÑö áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¿ !
æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇØöÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó áóãøóÇ ßóÇÊóÈó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö áöÔõåõæÏöåö ÈóÏúÑðÇ æóÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ: " «ãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßó áóÚóáøó Çááøóåó (4) ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÚúãóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áóßõãú» " (5) .
æóÃóíúäó ÍóÇØöÈñ ãöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó¿ Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó - æóÇáúÚöíóÇÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö - Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝóÚóáó ãóÚó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö ãóÇ åõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ áóßóÇäó ÅöÍúÓóÇäõäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ãóæúáóì ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä äÝì ÃÈÇ ÐÑ æÖÑÈå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ äóÝóì ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉö æóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÖóÑúÈðÇ æóÌöíÚðÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÕóÝöíøóÉõ.
(2) ÇáúíóåõæÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/427 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö áöÃóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú áóíúËò¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Ãóäøó ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÃóæúÕóÊú áöäóÓöíÈò áóåóÇ íóåõæÏöíøò
(4) ãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/501(6/271)
ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö: «ãóÇ ÃóÞóáøóÊö ÇáúÛóÈúÑóÇÁõ æóáóÇ ÃóÙóáøóÊö ÇáúÎóÖúÑóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ðöí (1) áóåúÌóÉò ÃóÕúÏóÞó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò» . æóÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí æóÃóãóÑóäöí ÈöÍõÈøöåöãú. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ãóäú åõãú íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ ÓóíøöÏõåõãú¡ æóÓóáúãóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò» ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Óóßóäó ÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉó æóãóÇÊó ÈöåóÇ áöÓóÈóÈö ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞóÚõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó (2) ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÒóÇåöÏðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈöåö Ãóäøó ÇáÒøõåúÏó æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÃóãúÓóßóåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ (3) ÝóÇÖöáðÇ Úóäú ÍóÇÌóÊöåö Ýóåõæó ßóäúÒñ íõßúæóì Èöåö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö. ÇÍúÊóÌøó (4) ÈöÞóæúáöåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúäöÒõæäó ÇáÐøóåóÈó æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉó æóáóÇ íõäúÝöÞõæäóåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 34] ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúßóäúÒó ãóÇ íóÝúÖõáõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäøó áöí ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ íóãúÖöí Úóáóíúåö ËóÇáöËóÉñ (5) æóÚöäúÏöí ãöäúåõ ÏöíäóÇÑñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ ÃóÑúÕõÏõåõ áöÏóíúäò» ". æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó åõãõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúãóÇáö åóßóÐóÇ æóåóßóÐóÇ» (6) ".
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(1) È: ãöäú Ðöí.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó. . . .¡ æó " - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ": áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáÑøóÌõáõ.
(4) Í¡ È: æóÇÍúÊóÌøó.
(5) ä: íóãúÖöí Úóáóíøó ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ Í: íóãúÖöí Úóáóíúåö ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ ã: íóãúÖöí Úóáóíøó ËóÇáöËóÉñ.
(6) åóÐóÇäö ÌõÒúÁóÇäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/116 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÖö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáÏøõíõæäö¡ 8/94 - 95¡ (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäøó áöí ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ) 8/60 - 61 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÈöáóÈøóíúßó æóÓóÚúÏóíúßó) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/687 - 688 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö) .(6/272)
æóáóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò æóÎóáøóÝó ãóÇáðÇ¡ ÌóÚóáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò Ðóáößó (1) ãöäó ÇáúßóäúÒö ÇáøóÐöí íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ íõäóÇÙöÑõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÏóÎóáó ßóÚúÈñ æóæóÇÝóÞó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóÈóÈö.
æóÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞó ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓøóÇßö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò æóäóÍúæöåö. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ ÇáÔøöÈúáöíøó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó æóÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÝóÚóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö.
[ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (2) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÓõÞò ÕóÏóÞóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓö ÐóæúÏò ÕóÏóÞóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓö (3) ÃóæóÇÞò ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» " (4) . ÝóäóÝóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈó ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú ßóæúäó ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ãõÍúÊóÇÌðÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÇáúßóäúÒõ åõæó ÇáúãóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú ÊõÄóÏøó ÍõÞõæÞõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÓøóãó
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(1) Í¡ È: ÌóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(3) Ñ: ÎóãúÓóÉö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/107 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÃõÏøöíó ÒóßóÇÊõåõ áóíúÓó ÈößóäúÒò) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/673 - 675 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ Ãóæøóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/127 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ Ýöíåö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ) ¡ (ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/6¡ 30¡ 44 - 45 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö.(6/273)
Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãöíÑóÇËõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäú ÎóáøóÝó ãóÇáðÇ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóåõ ãóÇáñ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Èóáú æóãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó. æóßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö áóåõ ãóÇáñ.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøñ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõæÌöÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ áóãú íõæÌöÈö Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóíóÐõãøõåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ áóãú íóÐõãøõåõãõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ãõËóÇÈñ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÅöíÌóÇÈñ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóãúÖöíó Úóáóíøó ËóÇáöËóÉñ æóÚöäúÏöí ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ» " ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö Ðóáößó ÞóÈúáó ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö áóÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈöåö. æóßóÐóÇ Þóæúáõåõ " «ÇáúãõßúËöÑõæäó åõãõ ÇáúãõÞöáøõæäó» " Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ßóËõÑó ãóÇáõåõ ÞóáøóÊú ÍóÓóäóÇÊõåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõßúËöÑö ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌó (1) ãöäúåõ¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó [ÇáÑøóÌõáõ] ÇáúÞóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö (2) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúÊö ßóÈöíÑóÉð æóáóãú íóÊúÑõßú ÝóÑöíÖóÉð [ãöäú ÝóÑóÇÆöÖö Çááøóåö] .
æóßóÇäó (3) ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - íõÞóæøöãõ ÑóÚöíøóÊóåõ [ÊóÞúæöíãðÇ ÊóÇãøðÇ] (4) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÊóÏöí (5) áóÇ ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÊóæóÓøóÚó ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÒóÇÏó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÑö (6)
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌó ãöäúåõ¡ Í¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÎúÑöÌú ãöäúåõ.
(2) ä: Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóáöíáó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö¡ ã: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÞóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóáóãú íóÊúÑõßú æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóßóÇäó¡ Ñ: áóãú íóÊúÑõßú (æóÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ) æóßóÇäó.
(4) ÊóÞúæöíãðÇ ÊóÇãøðÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÊóÏöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(6) ä: ÇáúÃóÞúÏóÇÑö.(6/274)
æóÇáäøóæúÚö¡ æóÊóæóÓøóÚó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ÍóÊøóì äóåóÇåõãú Úóäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÊóäö Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö.
ÝóßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöÒóÇáõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áöÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÛóÑóÖñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ãöäú ÃóÕúÏóÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ. ßóãóÇ [ËóÈóÊó] (2) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: " «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßó ÖóÚöíÝðÇ¡ æóÅöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ áóßó ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ áöäóÝúÓöí. áóÇ ÊóÃóãøóÑóäøó Úóáóì ÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ Êóæóáøóíóäøó ãóÇáó íóÊöíãò» " (3) .
æó [ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (4) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö¡ æóÝöí ßõáøò ÎóíúÑñ» " (5) .
æóÃóåúáõ (6) ÇáÔøõæÑóì ãõÄúãöäõæäó ÃóÞúæöíóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãõÄúãöäõæäó ÖõÚóÝóÇÁõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÚóÑóÖñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö.
(2) ËóÈóÊó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1457 - 1458 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÖóÑõæÑóÉò) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/154 - 155 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ) .
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: ãõÓúáöãò 4/2052¡ (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö: Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóÌúÒö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/31¡ (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö: Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö) ¡ 2/1395 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæóßøõáö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/366 - 370
(6) Í¡ È¡ ã: ÝóÃóåúáõ.(6/275)
ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõæäó áöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ßóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö (1)
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚñ (3) ¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÖíÚ ÍÏæÏ Çááå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ÖóíøóÚó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö (4) Èúäó ÚõãóÑó Íöíäó ÞóÊóáó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ãóæúáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóØúáõÈõ ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö áöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÍöÞó ÈöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó (5) . æóÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÚóØøöáó ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøõÑúÈö Ýöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÏøóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊõÈúØóáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ (6) Çááøóåö æóÃóäóÇ ÍóÇÖöÑñ ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ßóÇäó ãóæúáóì Úóáöíøò " Ýóãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúæóÇÖöÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑúÓö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóäóÇÈóåõãú ßöÓúÑóì Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÃóÓóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ æóÞóÏöãõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡
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(1) æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö¡ Õ 73 - 77¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö¡ Õ 380 (Ê 6) 396.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÊóßóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 4/265¡ æóÈóíøóäúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÓóäñ Ãóæú ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóåõæó: æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí. . . . . ÅöáóÎú Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ.
(4) ä: ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÝóáóÍöÞó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
(6) ä¡ ã: áóÇ íõÚóØøóáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ¡ È: áóÇ ÊõÚóØøóáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ.(6/276)
[ÝóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó] (1) ¡ Ýóãóäøó (2) Úóáóíúåö ÚõãóÑõ æóÃóÚúÊóÞóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇÁñ Ýóåõæó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóáóÇÁõ áöãóäú ÈóÇÔóÑó ÇáúÚöÊúÞó Ýóåõæó áöÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇÁñ¡ Èóáú åõæó ßóÇáúÃóÓöíÑö ÅöÐóÇ [ãõäøó Úóáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ æóáóÇÁó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓöíÑö ÅöÐóÇ] (3) ÃóÓúáóãó: åóáú íóÕöíÑõ ÑóÞöíÞðÇ ÈöÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¿ Ãóãú íóÈúÞóì ÍõÑøðÇ íóÌõæÒõ Çáúãóäøõ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúãõÝóÇÏóÇÉõ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¿ ãóÚó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÕóãó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ïóãóåõ.
æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÞóæúáóÇäö ãóÔúåõæÑóÇäö¡ åõãóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáóíúÓó áöÚóáöíøò ÓóÚúíñ [áóÇ] (4) Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÑúÞóÇÞöåö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÅöÚúÊóÇÞöåö. æóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ [Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -] ßóÇäó (5) ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ áõÄúáõÄóÉó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÇáúãóÌõæÓöíøõ ãóæúáóì ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö [Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó] (6) ¡ æóßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö ãõÌóÇäóÓóÉñ¡ æóÐõßöÑó áöÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÑõÄöíó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö [Íöíäó ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ] (7) ÝóßóÇäó (8) ãöãøóäö ÇÊøõåöãó ÈöÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉö Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó [ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö] (9) Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ÞóÏú (10) ßõäúÊó
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(1) ÝóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í¡ È: æóãóäøó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(4) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäó.
(6) Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) . æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Ýöí Ó¡ (È) : Íöíäó ÞõÊöáó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäõ. æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(8) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: æóßóÇäó.
(9) ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(10) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .(6/277)
ÃóäúÊó æóÃóÈõæßó ÊõÍöÈøóÇäö Ãóäú ÊóßúËõÑó ÇáúÚõáõæÌõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö (1) . ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó Ãóäú äóÞúÊõáóåõãú. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ßóÐóÈúÊó¡ ÃóãøóÇ [ÈóÚúÏó] ÅöÐú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ (2) ÈöáöÓóÇäößõãú¡ æóÕóáøóæúÇ Åöáóì ÞöÈúáóÊößõãú (3) ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóåõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö [Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÏúíóäõ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ] (4) ÈößóËöíÑò íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÚõáõæÌö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ áóãøóÇ ÇÊøóåóãõæåõãú ÈöÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÌóæóÇÒó ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö [ÌóæóÇÒó] (5) ÞóÊúáö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö¿ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÇáäøóÇÓó (6) Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇåõ ÞõÊöáó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö æóíõÞúÊóáõ åõæó Çáúíóæúãó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÝóÓóÇÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõãú æóÞóÚóÊú áóåõãú ÔõÈúåóÉñ Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö¡ æóåóáú ßóÇäó (7) ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÆöáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó ÇáÏøóÝúÚó¿ Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúãõÔóÇÑößöíäó Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó ÇáúÞóÊúáó¿
æó [ÞóÏú] ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Ýöí (8) ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÊúáö ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÇÔóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ïõæäó
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÊóÎúÊóÇÑóÇäö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚõáõæÌõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
(2) ä: ÅöãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ¡ ã: ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐú íóÊóßóáøóãõæÇ.
(3) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËö ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/61 - 62 æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/15 - 18 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí Õ 16 æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö 161 - 163
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÌóæóÇÒó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) Í¡ È: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäõ ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ ä: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚõËúãóÇäó.
(7) ä¡ ã: æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó.
(8) ä¡ ã: æóÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ.(6/278)
ÈóÚúÖò. ÝóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóæóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÈóÇÔöÑö ÎóÇÕøóÉð. æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó. æóÞöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÞóæöíøðÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÈóÇÔöÑö æóÇáúãõÊóÓóÈøöÈö ßóÇáúãõßúÑöåö æóÇáúãõßúÑóåö¡ æóßóÇáÔøõåõæÏö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ æóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÊóÚóãøóÏúäóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó. Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãúÓóßó æóÇÍöÏñ æóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ ÝóãóÇáößñ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóæóÏó Úóáóì ÇáúãõãúÓößö æóÇáúÞóÇÊöáö (1) ¡ æóåõæó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó. æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: íõÞúÊóáõ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ æóíõÍúÈóÓõ (2) ÇáúãõãúÓößõ ÍóÊøóì íóãõæÊó¡ ßóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÞöíáó: áóÇ ÞóæóÏó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂãöÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íõßúÑöåú¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó ãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÊúáó ãõÍóÑøóãñ¡ åóáú íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóæóÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂãöÑö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøöÏúÁõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÚóÇæóäóÉö ßóÞóØúÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÝóÌõãúåõæÑõåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏøó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÏúÁö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÔöÑö ÌóãöíÚðÇ. æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó. æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ [Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö] (3) íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáÑøóÈöíÆóÉö (4) æóåõæó ÇáäøóÇØõæÑõ (5) áöÞõØøóÇÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
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(1) Í¡ È: æóÇáúãõÈóÇÔöÑõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóíõãúÓóßõ.
(3) Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Í: ÇáÑøóÆöíøóÉö¡ ä¡ ã: ÇáÑøóÆöíøóÉö ÈöÏõæäö äõÞóØò¡ æóÝöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö: ÑóÈóÃó ÇáúÞóæúãó íóÑúÈóÄõåõãú ÑóÈúÃð¡ æóÑóÈóÃó áóåõãú: ÇØøóáóÚó áóåõãú Úóáóì ÔóÑóÝò¡ æóÑóÈóÃúÊõåõãú Ãóíú ÑóÞóÈúÊõåõãú¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ßõäúÊõ áóåõãú ØóáöíÚóÉð ÝóæúÞó ÔóÑóÝò¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÆóÉõ ÇáØøóáöíÚóÉõ.
(5) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáäøóÇÙõæÑõ: æóÝöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÇáäøóÇØöÑõ æóÇáäøóÇØõæÑõ¡ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö: ÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÒøóÑúÚö æóÇáÊøóãúÑö æóÇáúßóÑúãö¡ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: æóáóíúÓóÊú ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò ãóÍúÖóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ åöíó ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉñ æóÝöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÃóíúÖðÇ: æóÇáäøóÇÙöÑõ: ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ æóäóÇÙõæÑõ ÇáÒøóÑúÚö æóÇáäøóÎúáö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ: ÍóÇÝöÙõåõ¡ æóÇáØøóÇÁõ äóÈóØöíøóÉñ.(6/279)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäõ ãöãøóäú ÃóÚóÇäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó ÌóÇÒó ÞóÊúáõåõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÞöÕóÇÕðÇ. æóÚõãóÑõ åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ÈöÕóäúÚóÇÁó: " áóæú ÊóãóÇáóÃó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÕóäúÚóÇÁó áóÃóÞóÏúÊõåõãú Èöåö ".
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö: åóáú íõÞúÊóáõ ÞóÇÊöáõåõãú ÍóÏøðÇ Ãóæú ÞöÕóÇÕðÇ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö. ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõãú íõÞúÊóáõæäó ÍóÏøðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö ÍóÏøðÇ¡ áöÃóäøó ÞóÊúáó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ýöíåö ÝóÓóÇÏñ ÚóÇãøñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÝóÓóÇÏö ÞõØøóÇÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÞóÇÊöáõåõãú ãõÍóÇÑöÈðÇ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÓóÇÚöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÓóÇÏðÇ. æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÎóÑøóÌõæÇ ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó ÇÈúäó ãõáúÌóãò ÞóÇÊöáó Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÊúáõ ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäõ ãöãøóäú ÃóÚóÇäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõåõ áöÐóáößó. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáó ãóÚúÕõæãõ [ÇáÏøóãö] íóÍúÑõãõ ÞóÊúáõåõ (1) ¡ [áóßöäú] (2) ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ (3) Íöáøó ÞóÊúáöåö áöÔõÈúåóÉò ÙóÇåöÑóÉò¡ ÕóÇÑó Ðóáößó ÔõÈúåóÉð ÊóÏúÑóÃõ ÇáúÞóÊúáó Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó [Ðóáößó] (4) ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÈóÚúÏóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó áóÇ íóÚúÕöãõåõ¡ ÚóÒøóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáóåõ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞóÊúáö¡ ÝóÔóßøó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÕöãö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáó ãóÚúÕõæãñ íóÍúÑõãõ¡ (ã: ãõÍóÑøóãñ) ¡ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ Í¡ Ñ: æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáó ãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáÏøóãö áóßöäøó ÞóÊúáóåõ íóÍúÑõãõ.
(2) áóßöäú: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) È: æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ.
(4) Ðóáößó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/280)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ÃóÚóÇäó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ ÕóÇÑóÊú åóÐöåö ÔõÈúåóÉð íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóåóÇ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ãóÇäöÚóÉð ãöäú æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁñ íóØúáõÈõæäó Ïóãóåõ (1) æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÞóÇÊöáñ ßóÇäó áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÞóÊúáõ ÞóÇÊöáöåö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ æóáóíøõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúÚóÝúæõ Úóäúåõ [Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÉö áöÆóáøóÇ ÊóÖöíÚó ÍõÞõæÞõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó] (2) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ (3) ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÚóÝóÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÑóÃóì ÞóÏúÑó ÇáÏøöíóÉó Ãóäú íõÚúØöíóåóÇ áöÂáö ÚõãóÑó¡ áöãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ãöäó ÇáÏøóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ËóãóÇäõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó Ãóåúáóåõ Ãóäú íóÞúÖõæÇ Ïóíúäóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáö ÚóÕóÈóÊöåö (4) ÚóÇÞöáóÊöåö Èóäöí ÚõÏóíøò æóÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇÞöáóÉó ÇáÑøóÌõáö åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúãöáõæäó ßóáøóåõ¡ æóÇáÏøöíóÉõ áóæú ØóÇáóÈó ÈöåóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Ãóæú ÚõÕúÈóÉõ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõåõ ÎóØóÃð [Ãóæú ÚóÝóÇ Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÉö] (5) Ýóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄóÏøõæäó Ïóíúäó ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ (6) ÃóÚóÇäó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Ïóíúäö ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãóÍóÇÓöäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáøóÊöí íõãúÏóÍõ ÈöåóÇ áóÇ íõÐóãøõ.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóãúæóÇáõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚóØóÇÁð ßóËöíÑðÇ ÃóÖúÚóÇÝó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõÚúØöí åóÐóÇ áöÂáö ÚõãóÑó¿
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÈöÏóãöåö.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÅöÐóÇ.
(4) ÚóÕóÈóÊöåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÚõÕúÈóÉö.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú.(6/281)
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æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÊóäóÇÒõÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí [ÞóÊúáö (5) ] ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö: åóáú åõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõ ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÍóÊúãðÇ¡ ßóÇáúÞóÇÊöáöíäó áöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúãóÇáö¿ Ãóãú ÞóÊúáõåõãú ßóÞóÊúáö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÊõáõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãõ ÇáúÂÎóÑó áöÛóÑóÖò ÎóÇÕøò Ýöíåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáóì ÞóÇÊöáö ÃóÍóÏöåöãõ ÇáúÞóæúÏö¿ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõãóÇ (6) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÞóÊúáóåõãú ÍóÏøñ. ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÌöäóÇíóÊóåõãú ÊõæÌöÈõ [ãöäú] (7) ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõåõ ÌöäóÇíóÉõ [ÈóÚúÖö] (8) ÞõØøóÇÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö áóÃóÎóÐö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÇáÓøóÇÚöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÓóÇÏðÇ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ [Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö] (9) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò.
(2) ä: ßóÈöíÑóÉñ.
(3) ä: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ.
(4) æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö æóÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö Õ 106 - 108¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì Õ 397.
(5) ÞóÊúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÐóßóÑóåóÇ.
(7) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ÈóÚúÖö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(9) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/282)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóãúÑõßõãú Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÊóßõãú ÝóÇÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÚõäõÞóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó» " (1) .
ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúãõÑöíÏö áöÊóÝúÑöíÞö (2) ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÊóáó ÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÑøóÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÊóåõãú.
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÞóÇÊöáó ÚõãóÑó íóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõåõ ÍóÊúãðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÊóáóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó íóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõåõãú ÍóÊúãðÇ¡ [æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáöíøò íóÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáõåõ ÍóÊúãðÇ] (3) .
æóÈöåóÐóÇ íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇÈúäöåö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò (4) æóÛóíúÑöåö ãóäú íóÚúÊóÑöÖõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ (5) : ßóíúÝó ÞóÊóáõæÇ ÞóÇÊöáó Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí æóÑóËóÊöåö ÕöÛóÇÑñ æóßöÈóÇÑñ¡ æóÇáÕøöÛóÇÑõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛõæÇ¿
ÝóíõÌóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöÌóæóÇÈóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó ÞóÊúáóåõ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÍóÊúãðÇ¡ áöÃóäøó ÞóÊúáó Úóáöíøò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÌöíÈõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÞóæóÏö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ãóäú íóÞõæáõåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõ ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóäóÍúæöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉõ íóÔúÊóÑößõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÑøöÏúÁõ æóÇáúãõÈóÇÔöÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö. ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ãóäú ÃóÚóÇäó
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(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÊóÝúÑöíÞó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) Èúäö Úóáöíøò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÝóíóÞõæáõ.(6/283)
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æóÈößõáøö ÍóÇáò Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÝúæö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÍõßúãöåö ÈöÍóÞúäö Ïóãöåö íõÈóÇÍõ ÞóÊúáõåõ (5)
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(5) Í¡ È: ãóÇ íõÈöíÍõ ÞóÊúáóåõ.(6/284)
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æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó Ïóãó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö ÇáúãõÊøóåóãö ÈöÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇáÓøóÚúíö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ ÊõÞóÇãõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉõ¡ æóÏóãõ ÚõËúãóÇäó íõÌúÚóáõ áóÇ ÍõÑúãóÉó áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó - æóÅöÎúæóÇäõåõ - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó!
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóßóÝøö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÕúÈóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ãóäú äóÇáó (1) ãöäú ÚöÑúÖöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäú ÓóÚóì Ýöí Ïóãöåö ÝóÍóÇÕóÑõæåõ æóÓóÚóæúÇ (2) Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõãú áöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãöäú ßõáøö äóÇÍöíóÉò íóäúÕõÑõæäóåõ æóíõÔöíÑõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ æóåõæó íóÃúãõÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÇáúßóÝøö Úóäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ ãóäú íõØöíÚõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáóåõãú. æóÑõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöãóãóÇáöíßöåö: ãóäú ßóÝøó íóÏóåõ Ýóåõæó ÍõÑøñ. æóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÊóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ Ãóßõæäõ ãöãøóäú ÃóáúÍóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑóãö. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÊóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÏóÇÑó åöÌúÑóÊöí. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÝóÞóÇÊöáúåõãú. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ Ãóßõæäõ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÎóáóÝó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöåö ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö.
ÝóßóÇäó ÕóÈúÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÓõÝößóÊú ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Úóáöíøò [æóãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ] (3) áóãú íõÓúÝóßú ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ãöËúáõåóÇ ãöäú ÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍó Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú [ßóÇäó] (4) ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó áöÚóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö
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(1) ä¡ ã: íóäóÇáõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÍóÇÕóÑóåõ æóÓóÚóì.
(3) æóãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/286)
ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍöíäó Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóÃóäú íóÌöÈó (1) ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó [ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍöíäó] (2) Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó (3) ÈõÚúÏõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóäö ÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇáö ÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÈõÚúÏö Úóáöíøò Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈößóËöíÑò ßóËöíÑò (4) ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóäú ÞóÏóÍó Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÍöáøõ ÅöÑóÇÞóÉó ÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÊóÚúØöíáö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ØóÑóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí Úóáöíøò ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóÓóæøóÛó áöãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖó ÚóáöíøðÇ [æóÚóÇÏóÇåõ æóÞóÇÊóáóåõ] (5) Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÚóØøóáó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉó Úóáóì ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÊóÚúØöíáõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú æóÇÌöÈóÉð ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÝóÓóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÊóÚúØöíáö ÍóÏøò æóÌóÈó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö (6) ÇáÏøóÝúÚõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ (7) ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ãóæú ÚóÌúÒò¡ ÝóáóÃóäú íõÏúÝóÚó Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÃóÑóÇÏó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÊóÚúØöíáó ÍóÏøö ÇáÔøõÑúÈö Ýöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÏøóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú ÚõËúãóÇäõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóíúåö¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ßóËöíÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) .
(5) æóÚóÇÏóÇåõ æóÞóÇÊóáóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Í¡ Ñ: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãóÚúÐõæÑñ.(6/287)
ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó [Ðóáößó] (1) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (2) ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÎóÝøóÝó Úóäúåõ æóÌóáóÏóåõ (3) ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóáóæú ÌóáóÏóåõ ËóãóÇäöíäó áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÈúØõáõ ÍóÏøõ Çááøóåö (4) æóÃóäóÇ ÍóÇÖöÑñ " Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞðÇ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãóÏúÍö áöÚõËúãóÇäó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÞóÈöáó Þóæúáó Úóáöíøò æóáóãú íóãúäóÚúåõ ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ãóÚó ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåö áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÏöÑú Úóáöíøñ Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåö. æóÅöáøóÇ
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(1) Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäú ÍõÖóíúäö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1331 - 1332 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ ÞóÇáó: ÔóåöÏúÊõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ æóÃõÊöíó ÈöÇáúæóáöíÏö ÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÇáÕøõÈúÍó ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÒöíÏõßõãú¿ ÝóÔóåöÏó Úóáóíúåö ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÍõãúÑóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ æóÔóåöÏó ÂÎóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ íóÊóÞóíøóÃõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÃú ÍóÊøóì ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Þõãú ÝóÇÌúáöÏúåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Þõãú íóÇ ÍóÓóäõ ÝóÇÌúáöÏúåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: æóáøö ÍóÇÑøóåóÇ ãóäú Êóæóáøóì ÞóÇÑøóåóÇ. ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ æóÌóÏó Úóáóíúåö. . ÅöáóÎö ÇáúÃóËóÑó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/227 - 228 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏøö ãöäó ÇáúÎóãúÑö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/858 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö) ¡ æóÞóÏú äóÇÞóÔó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãõÍöÈøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö Õ 94 - 99¡ 100 æóåõæó íóÑóì: Ãóäøó ÇáÔøõåõæÏó Úóáóì ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇËúäóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÊõæÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊú ÔóæóÇåöÏõ Ûöáøöåöãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍö ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö æóßóáöãóÉõ ÃóÒöíÏõßõãú Ýóåöíó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÍõÖóíúäò æóáóãú íóßõäú ÍõÖóíúäñ ãöäó ÇáÔøõåõæÏö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÞúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÏöËö ÇáúãóÒúÚõæãö¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõÓúäöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚõäúÕõÑó ãöäú ÚóäóÇÕöÑö ÇáöÇÊøöåóÇãö Åöáóì ÅöäúÓóÇäò ãóÚúÑõæÝò. . . . . ÅöáóÎú. æóÇäúÙõÑú ÈóÇÞöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãóåõ Úóäö ÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏöåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓúÞñ ÈöäóÈóÃò ÞóÏú äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó. (ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö Õ 90 - 93)
(3) ä¡ ã: ÎóÝøóÝó Úóäúåõ ÌóáúÏóåõ.
(4) Í: áóÇ ÊóÈúØõáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Ñ: áóÇ ÊõÈúØöáú ÍóÏøó Çááøóåö¡ È: áóÇ ÊõÚóØøóáõ ÍõÏõæÏõ Çááøóåö.(6/288)
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó [Úóáöíøñ] (1) ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåö ãöãøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÃõäúßöÑóÊú Úóáóíúåö æóáóãú íóãúäóÚúåõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãõäúßóÑñ ãóÚó ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí Úóáöíøò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóØóÇÚó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ Ïóáøó Ðóáößó (2) Úóáóì Ïöíäö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóÏúáöåö.
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ æóáøóì ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÌõæÒõ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ æóÚóáöíøñ ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåö¡ æóÌóÈó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ãóäúÚõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóãúäóÚúåõ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÚóÌúÒö Úóáöíøò. æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÌóÒó Úóäú ãóäúÚöåö Úóäö (3) ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÚúÌöÒõ Úóäú ÖóÑúÈöåö ÇáúÍóÏøó¿ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ Úóäú ÍóÏøö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÑóÇÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ïöíäöåö.
æóÞóÇÆöáõ åóÐóÇ íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ãóÇ ÒóÇáóÊú ÊõÈúØóáõ æóÚóáöíøñ ÍóÇÖöÑñ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö íóÏøóÚõæäó (4) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÏóÚõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ÎóæúÝðÇ æóÊóÞöíøóÉð. ÝóÅöäú (5) ßóÇäó ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ æóáóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÍóÇÔöíóÊóåõ íõæóÇÝöÞõæäóåõ Úóáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó íóÊøóÞöí ãöäúåõãú áóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ. æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÏóÑó ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÇÆöáó åóÐóÇ íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ÇáúÍóÞøö Èóíúäóåõãú (6) .
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(1) Úóáöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ãöäó.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóíóÏøóÚõæäó.
(5) ä: ÝóÅöÐóÇ¡ ã: æóÅöäú.
(6) æóÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö Õ 93 - 99(6/289)
æóÏóáöíáõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõãúßöäúåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóì ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáóì äõæøóÇÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖö ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÞõÖõ ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÈóÚúÖðÇ.
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æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÈöÏúÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó (1) ÓõäøóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö ".
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[æóÃóíúÖðÇ] ÝóÅöäøó Úóáöíøó [Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò]- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - (5) ÃóÍúÏóËó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÇáúÚöíÏó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÇáúÌóÇãöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÕóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúãöÕúÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÌõãõÚóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÕóáøóì íóæúãó ÇáäøóÍúÑö æóÇáúÝöØúÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÚöíÏñ æóÇÍöÏñ. æóÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÕóáøõæäóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ æóÇáúÚöíÏõ íõÕóáøõæäóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍúÑóÇÁö. æóßóÇäó (6) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÎúØõÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÚóÑóÝóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚöíÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÓúÞóÇÁö.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö Úóáöíøò Þöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó ÈöÇáúÈóáóÏö (7) ÖõÚóÝóÇÁñ áóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíÚõæäó
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æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãöäó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ Óóäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÌóãúÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÑóãóÖóÇäó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ Óóäøóåõ Úóáöíøñ ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÚöíÏóíúäö (3) ÝóÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöíåö æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò. Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÑóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúãöÕúÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÌõãõÚóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ æóÚöíÏñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ãóÇáößò æóÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú íõÔúÑóÚõ ÊóÚóÏøõÏõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ÇáúãöÕúÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö. áóßöäøó ÞóÇÆöáó åóÐóÇ ÈóäóÇåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚöíÏö áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ áóåóÇ ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉõ æóÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ßóãóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ áöáúÌõãõÚóÉö. æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÕóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúÍóÖóÑö æóÇáÓøóÝóÑö (4) . æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÓõäøóÉö ÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Ãóäú ÊõÕóáøóì ÌõãõÚóÊóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãöÕúÑö¡ ßóãóÇ Õóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ÚöíÏóíúäö áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäú
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æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÌóæøóÒó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö. æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò äóÇÆöÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö. ÝóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Óóäøóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóäøóÇåõ. æóÂÎóÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Óóäøóåõ¡ æóßõáøõåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóäøóÇåõ. ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ Ýöí ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóäøóÇåõ - æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõåõ - ÝóáóÃóäú íõÞúÏóÍó Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÝöíãóÇ Óóäøóåõ - æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõåõ - ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Úóáöíøñ ÓóÇÆöÛñ áóÇ íõÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ÓõäøóÉñ íõÊøóÈóÚõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóÃóäú íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÐóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
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æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÇáäøóÞúáõ¡ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -¡ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóæúßöíÏö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÞõæáõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁóíúäö: Íóíøó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ Íóíøó Úóáóì ÇáúÝóáóÇÍö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÓóãøóì äöÏóÇÁõ ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö¡ [æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íõÓóãøöíåö ÇáÊøóËúæöíÈó] (2) æóÑóÎøóÕó (3) Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóßóÑöåóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÑóæóæúÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäöåö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ßóÑóÇåóÉó (4) Ðóáößó.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íõÄóÐøöäõåõ ÈöáóÇáñ (5) æóÇÈúäõ Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó (6) ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÓóÚúÏö ÇáúÞóÑúÙö Ýöí ÞõÈóÇÁó¡ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøöÚóÇÑõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ. æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö áóäóÞóáóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó æóáóãú íõåúãöáõæåõ¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóíúÓóÑõ ãöäúåõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÞóáõæÇ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó ãöäú ÐößúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ Úõáöãó (7) ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈöÏúÚóÉñ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÐøöäõæäó ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäúåõ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÐøöäõæäó Ýöí ÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö: ãóÓúÌöÏö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóãóÓúÌöÏö ÞõÈóÇÁó. æóÃóÐóÇäõåõãú ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö æóÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Í¡ È: ÑóÎøóÕó.
(4) Í¡ È: ßóÑóÇåöíóÉó.
(5) Í¡ ã¡ È: íõÄóÐøöäõ Èöåö ÈöáóÇáñ.
(6) ä: æóÃóÈõæ ãóÌúÏõæÑóÉó.
(7) ä: ÚóáöãõæÇ.(6/294)
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó äóÞúáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áöáúÃóÐóÇäö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú äóÞúáöåöãú ÅöÚúÑóÇÈó ÂíóÉò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: (æóÃóÑúÌõáóßõãú) æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó ÃóÔúåóÑõ Ýöí (1) ÔóÚóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÝóäóÞúáõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú äóÞúáö [ÓóÇÆöÑö] (2) ÔóÚóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÕöÝóÊöåö (3) .
Þöíáó: Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Èöåö ÇáäøóÞúáõ Ýóåõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ ÓõäøóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÊóÚúáöíãó [ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] ÃóÈóÇ ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó (4) ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó (5) ¡ æóÝöíåö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚõ¡ æóÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉó ãõËóäøóÇÉð ßóÇáúÃóÐóÇäö. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÈöáóÇáðÇ ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íõÔóÝøöÚó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó æóíõæÊöÑó ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäöåö ÊóÑúÌöíÚñ. ÝóäóÞúáõ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ æóäóÞúáõ ÊóËúäöíóÊöåóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõÕóÍøöÍõæäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏóÇÊö (6) ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö. æóáóßöäö ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö ÂÎöÑðÇ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÚóáøóãóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöáóÇáðÇ (7) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚõ Ýóåõæó íõÞóÇáõ ÓöÑøðÇ. æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáøóãóåõ áöÃóÈöí ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó áöíõËóÈøöÊó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö. ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãöäú.
(2) ÓóÇÆöÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýöí äóÞúáöåö.
(4) ä: Ãóäøó ÊóÚúáöíãó ÃóÈóÇ ãóÍúÏõæÑóÉó¡ ã: Ãóäøó ÊóÚúáöíãó ÃóÈóÇ ãóÍúÐóÑóÉó.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÃóÐóÇäõ.
(6) Í¡ È: ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö.
(7) ä¡ ã: áöÈöáóÇáò.(6/295)
Ãóäøóåõ áóÞøóäóåõ ÃóÈóÇ ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎöáóÇÝñ Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÇáãÓáãíä ßáåã ÎÇáÝæÇ ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÍÊì ÞÊá]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó (1) . æóÚóÇÈõæÇ ÃóÝúÚóÇáóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÛöÈúÊó Úóäú ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóåóÑóÈúÊó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóáóãú ÊóÔúåóÏú ÈóíúÚóÉó ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö. æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú ÊõÍúÕóì ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (2) : ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ " æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó [ßõáøõåõãú] ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó " (3) .
ÝóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõãú ÎóÇáóÝõæåõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ íõÈöíÍõ ÞóÊúáóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõãú [ßõáøóåõãú] ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÑóÖõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÃóÚóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö (4) . ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóáöíáóÉñ ÈóÇÛöíóÉñ ÙóÇáöãóÉñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: " áõÚöäóÊú ÞóÊóáóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ßóÇááøõÕõæÕö ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ßõáøó ÞóÊúáóÉò¡ æóäóÌóÇ ãóäú äóÌóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÊóÍúÊó ÈõØõæäö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö " íóÚúäöí åóÑóÈõæÇ áóíúáðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÛóÇÆöÈöíäó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÑöíÏõæäó ÞóÊúáóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÊóáõæåõ.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÎóÇáóÝõæåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ [ÃóíúÖðÇ] (5) ßóÐöÈñ. ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ä: ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) Í¡ È: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.
(3) äó: æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó.
(4) ä: æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö æóÑóÖõæÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ÃóÚóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö¡ ã: Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö æóÑóÖõæÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ÃóÚóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåö.
(5) ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/296)
ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÊøóåóãõæäó ÈöãõÏóÇåóäóÉò¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó æóÇÝóÞõæÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó (1) Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÇÝóÞõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóíúåö: ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÛóÇáöÈöåóÇ. æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ýöíåö ãóÚó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ áóåõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ: ÅöãøóÇ ãõÕöíÈðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÎúØöÆðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÚõæäó Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö Ýóßõáøõåõãú ãõÎúØöÆõæäó¡ Èóáú ÙóÇáöãõæäó ÈóÇÛõæäó ãõÚúÊóÏõæäó. æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú ÞóÏú íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ßóæúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÞõÊöáó ãóÙúáõæãðÇ.
æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó (2) áóåõ: ÛöÈúÊó Úóäú ÈóÏúÑò æóÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö¡ æóåóÑóÈúÊó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ Þóáöíáñ ÌöÏøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóáóãú íõÚóíøóäú ãöäúåõãú (3) ÅöáøóÇ ÇËúäóÇäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉñ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò ÛóÇÈó ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöíóÎúáõÝóåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (4) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÖóÑóÈó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÓóåúãöåö æóÃóÌúÑöåö.
æóíóæúãó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö ÈóÇíóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöíóÏöåö. æóíóÏõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóíúÑñ áóåõ ãöäú íóÏöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö (5) ¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉõ
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(1) ä: ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) Ì: æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ È: æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýöíåöãú.
(4) Í¡ È: Úóáóì ÇÈúäóÊöåö.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ãöäú íóÏö äóÝúÓöåö.(6/297)
ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÑóÓõæáðÇ] Åöáóì [Ãóåúáö] ãóßøóÉó (1) ÈóáóÛóåõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÊóáõæåõ¡ ÝóÈóÇíóÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóÝöÑøõæÇ æóÚóáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÔóÑöíßðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö¡ ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÅöÑúÓóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ¡ æóØóáóÈóÊú ãöäúåõ ÞõÑóíúÔñ Ãóäú íóØõæÝó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö Ïõæäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÍóÊøóì íóØõæÝó Èöåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÑúÓöáó (2) ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó [áóåõ] (3) ÈöãóßøóÉó ÔóæúßóÉñ íóÍúãõæäóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó áóåõ ÈöãóßøóÉó Èóäõæ ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÇÝö ãóßøóÉó¡ Ýóåõãú íóÍúãõæäóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæóáøöí íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ãöäúßõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÌóãúÚóÇäö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÒóáøóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ßóÓóÈõæÇ æóáóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÛóÝõæÑñ Íóáöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáó ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 155] ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöíäó (4) íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ ÝóÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÝúæö ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ åõæó Ýöíåö ãóÚó ÝóÖúáöåö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö (5)
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: æóßóÇäó ÃóÑóÇÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÑúÓöáó.
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÏú ÚóÝóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÌóãöíÚöåöãú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöíäó.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ æóÚöäúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö " ÊóäúÊóåöí äõÓúÎóÉõ (Í) Ýöí Õ 164 ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóäúÊóåöí äõÓúÎóÉõ (Ñ) Ýöí Õ 383 ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö (Í) ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó: Êóãøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóÕóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÎóíúÑö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó¡ æóÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÑóÓõæáö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóÚóáóì Âáöåö æóÕóÍúÈöåö ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÛõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíÑöåö ÖóÍúæóÉó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö íóæúãó ÊöÓúÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ ÔóåúÑó ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÓóäóÉó 1321 Úóáóì íóÏö ßóÇÊöÈöåö ÇáúÝóÞöíÑö Åöáóì ÑóÍúãóÉö ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ ÇáÑøóÇÌöí ÚóÝúæóåõ æóÑöÖóÇåõ¡ ÚóÈúÏóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÇíöÖò¡ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÎóØóÇíóÇåõ Èöãóäøöåö æóßóÑóãöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ æóáöãóäú ÏóÚóÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö æóÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó¡ íóÇ ÑóÍúãóäõ¡ æóíóÊúáõæåõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ. . . . ÅöáóÎú. æóßóÊóÈó ÊóÍúÊó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÈöÎóØøò ãõÎúÊóáöÝò: æóíóÊúáõæåõ ÇáúÌõÒúÁõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Ãóæøóáõåõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÈöåö Êóãøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ. æóÊõæÌóÏõ ÈóÚúÏó Õ 164 ÓöÊøõ æóÑóÞóÇÊò ÊóÖóãøóäóÊú ÞóÕöíÏóÊóíúäö ÃóÔóÑúÊõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö æóÐóßóÑúÊõ Ãóäøóäöí ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó áöí äóÔúÑõåõãóÇ Ööãúäó ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ØóÈúÚóÉö ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÚõÑõæÈóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÞøóÞóÉö Õ 35 (ã) - 50 (ã) . ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö (Ñ) ÝóßóÊóÈó ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö ãóÇ íóáöí: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó¡ æóÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÑóÓõæáö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÚóáóì ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó¡ Âãöíäó Âãöíäó Âãöíäó. ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö Ýöí äóÞúÖö ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö áöáÔøóíúÎö (ÇáúßóáöãóÊóÇäö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÊóÇäö ãóØúãõæÓóÊóÇäö) ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõ¡ ÇáúÍóÈúÑõ æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóáöíãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÓøóáóÇãö Èúäö ÊóíúãöíóÉó¡ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÌóÒóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÎóíúÑðÇ Èöãóäøöåö. æóßóÊóÈó ÃóÓúÝóáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ãóÇ íóáöí: Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÂáöåö æóÕóÍúÈöåö æóÓóáøöãú. æóÚóáóì íóÓóÇÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö æóÝöí ÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ßóÊóÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: ÈóáóÛó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉð Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåö æóÐóáößó íóæúãó ÇáúÅöËúÜ. . . . ÌõãóÇÏóì ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÓóäóÉó - æóáóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú Ýöí ÇáúãõÕóæøóÑóÉö ÃóÑúÞóÇãõ ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÈöæõÖõæÍò -¡ æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÂáöåö æóÕóÍúÈöåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÃóÓúÝóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ßóÊóÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: íóÊúáõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ: ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÔóÏøö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÕøöÈöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö. . . . ÅöáóÎú. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÊóÇäö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÊóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö Õ 384¡ 385 ÝóíóÊóÖóãøóäóÇäö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Úóáóì ßóáóÇãò áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíóÉó íóÈúÏóÃõ ßóãóÇ íóáöí: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö: åóÐóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¿ ÝóáúÓóÝóÉñ ãöäú ÑõÄóÓóÇÁó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ßóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÔóãúÓõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ Þóíøóãò ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøóÉö - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöãöÝúÊóÇÍö ÏóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö. . . .¡ æöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö: æóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ Ýöí æóåúãö ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö Ãóäøó. . . . " æóíóÓúÊóãöÑøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÍóÊøóì äöåóÇíóÉö ÕóÝúÍóÉö ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò ÎóãúÓóÉò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóíóäúÊóåöí ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö: æóÞóÇáó: (æóáóÇ ÊõÌóÇÏöáõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ) . æóåóÐöåö ãõäóÇÙóÑóÇÊõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö áöÎõÕõæãöåöãú æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÌóÌö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ áóÇ íõäúßöÑõ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÌóÇåöáñ ãõÝúÑöØõ ÇáúÌóåúáö.(6/298)
[ÝÕá äÞá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úä ÇáÔåÑÓÊÇäí ãÇ ÐßÑå ãä ÇáÊäÇÒÚ ÇáÐí æÞÚ Èíä ÇáÕÍÇÈÉ Ýí ãÑÖ ÇáäÈí Úáíå ÇáÓáÇã]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóåõæó ãöäú (2) ÃóÔóÏøö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÕøöÈöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ãóËóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÔõÈúåóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (3) . ÝóÃóæøóáõ ÊóäóÇÒõÚò æóÞóÚó Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ (4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: " «áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÑóÖõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöíåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöÏóæóÇÉò æóÞöÑúØóÇÓò¡ ÃóßúÊõÈõ áóßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóÇ ÊóÖöáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ (5) .
ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó (6) áóíóåúÌöÑõ¡ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö. æóßóËõÑó ÇááøóÛóØõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÞõæãõæÇ Úóäøöí¡ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÚöäúÏöí ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚõ» ".
ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö¡ ÚóÇãøóÊõåõ ãöãøóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ðóáößó áóãú íõÍóÑøóÑú Ýöíåö
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 142 (ã) .
(2) ãóäú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(3) ß: Ãóäøó ãóäúÔóÃó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝóÇÊõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö -¡ ä: Ãóäøó ãóËóÇÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÔõÈúåóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
(4) ß: ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ.
(5) ß: ÈóÚúÏöí.
(6) ß: ÕóÇÍóÈóßõãú.(6/300)
ÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Úóäúåõãú¡ æóáóãú íõÐúßóÑö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÉö ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó íóäúÞõáõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ãöËúáó ÃóÈöí ÚöíÓóì ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞö æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó áöáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÊøóåóãöíäó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóÇ íóäúÞõáõæäóåõ (1) ¡ æóãöËúáó ÃóÈöí íóÍúíóì æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. æóíóäúÞõáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáØøóÇÚöäöíäó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
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æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßõáøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö æóÊóÚúÙöíãöåö æóæõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóßúËõÑõ Ýöí äóÞúáöåöãõ ÇáúÛóáóØõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÒöíÏõæäó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö æóíõäúÞöÕõæäó äóÞúÕðÇ íõÝúÓöÏõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÕóÏóåõ¡ Èóáú íóÛúáóØõæäó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃõãõæÑöåö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
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(3) È¡ ä: ÃóäøóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/304)
Úóäúåõãú¡ æõÌöÏó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ Êöáúßó ÇáäøõÞõæáó Úóäúåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö äóÞúáö ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÇÊö (1) æóÇáúãóÞóÇØöíÚö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ãöãøóÇ Ýöíåö ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÖóÚöíÝñ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó [ÝóäóÞõæáõ:] (2) ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ ãöäú ãóÍóÇÓöäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÝóÖóÇÆöáöåöãú¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÏúÝóÚó ÈöäõÞõæáò ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãõÍóÑøóÝñ (3) ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ ÝöíãóÇ Úõáöãó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúíóÞöíäó áóÇ íóÒõæáõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö¡ æóäóÍúäõ ÞóÏú ÊóíóÞøóäóÇ ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö ãöäú (4) ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃõãõæÑñ ãóÔúßõæßñ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó ÈõØúáóÇäõåóÇ¿ ! .
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÇáÔåÑÓÊÇäí ãä ÃÔÏ ÇáãÊÚÕÈíä Úáì ÇáÅãÇãíÉ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøó ãöäú ÃóÔóÏøö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÕøöÈöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö ".
ÝóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú íóãöíáõ ßóËöíÑðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäú ÃõãõæÑöåöãú¡ Èóáú íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÃóÔúíóÇÁð (5) ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö ãöäúåõãú æóíõæóÌøöåõåõ (6) . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÊøóåóãóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö [ÈöÃóäøóåõ] (7) ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ãóäö ÇÊøóåóãóåõ ÔóæóÇåöÏó ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö æóÓöíÑóÊöåö. æóÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: åõæó ãóÚó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÈöæóÌúåò¡ æóãóÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÈöæóÌúåò.
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(1) È: ÇáúãõÑóÇÓóáóÇÊö.
(2) ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä: ãõÎóÑøóÞñ.
(4) È: Úóäú.
(5) ÃóÔúíóÇÁð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(6) ä: æóÈöæóÌúåöåö¡ È: æóÊóæúÌöíåõåõ.
(7) ÈöÃóäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/305)
æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúæõÚøóÇÙö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÏúÚõæäó ÈöÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉö ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÕóÍöíÝóÉö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ßóÐöÈðÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ íõÙúåöÑõ Çáúãóíúáó Åöáóì ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÈóÇØöäöåö æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÏóÇåóäóÉð áóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó - ßöÊóÇÈó " Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " ÕóäøóÝóåõ áöÑóÆöíÓò ãöäú ÑõÄóÓóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõ æöáóÇíóÉõ ÏöíæóÇäóíúåö. æóßóÇäó áöáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö ãóÞúÕõæÏñ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÚúØóÇÝöåö áóåõ. æóßóÐóáößó (1) ÕóäøóÝó áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáúãõÕóÇÑóÚóÉö " Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ (2) ¡ áöãóíúáöåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö. æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ ÃóÚúäöí ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó áóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÍóÇãóáó Ýöíåö áöáÔøöíÚóÉö (3) ÊóÍóÇãõáðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ.
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(1) ä: æóáöÐóáößó.
(2) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈõ " ãõÕóÇÑóÚóÉö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö "¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÞøóÞóÊúåõ ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑóÉõ ÓõåóíúÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏú ãõÎúÊóÇÑú Ø. ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö¡ 1396 1976 æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö Õ 13 Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøó ÃóáøóÝóåõ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúãõæÓóæöíøö¡ æóÐóßóÑóÊö ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑóÉõ ÓõåóíúÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøó ÃóáøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈó " Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " ÃóíúÖðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó áöáúæóÒöíÑö äóÕöíÑö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÊóæóáøóì æóÒóÇÑóÉó ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö ÓöäúÌöÑú ÚóÇãó 521 ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÝóÊúÍö Çááøóåö ÈóÏúÑóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/3 - 5 æóäóÞóáóÊö ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑóÉõ ÓõåóíúÑõ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÕóÇÑóÚóÉö (Õ 29) Úóäú ÕóÏúÑö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáÔøöíÑóÇÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÝóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö 2/275 Þóæúáóåõ: æóÞóÏú ÃóáøóÝó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áöãóÌúÏö ÇáÏøöíäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúãõæÓóæöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÖöÏøõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ Ýöí ÍóæóÇáóíú ÚóÇãö 540 æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉð áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíøó ãöäú ãóÑóÇÌöÚó¡ æóÐóßóÑóÊö ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑóÉõ ÓõåóíúÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö Úóáöíøò æóíóãúÊóÏøõ äóÓóÈõåõ Åöáóì ãõæÓóì ÇáúßóÇÙöãö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò Íõßúãó ÊöÑúãöÐó¡ æóÏóÚóÇ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÔóÊøóì ãõÏõäö ÅöÞúáöíãö ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóáøóÝó áóåõ Çáúãöáóáó æóÇáäøöÍóáó Ëõãøó ãõÕóÇÑóÚóÉó ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö.
(3) Ýöí ã: ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/306)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö íõÈúØöáõ ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÏóÇåóäóÉö áóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöÃóÌúáö ãóäú ÕóäøóÝóåõ áóåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÍóßóÇåóÇ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßöÊóÇÈö " Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " Úóäú ÅöÈúáöíÓó Ýöí ãõäóÇÙóÑóÊöåö áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö áóÇ ÊõÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó áóåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö áóãú ÊõäúÞóáú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóáóÇ Úóäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó¡ æóáóÇ åöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (1) .
æóåóÐöåö áóÇ ÊõÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö æóÈóÚúÖö ßõÊõÈö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
æóÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóåõãú íõßóÐøöÈõæäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö. ÝóíõÔúÈöåõ - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö æóÖóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉó áöíóÌúÚóáóåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãõËúÈöÊöíäö áöáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÖóÚõæäó ÔöÚúÑðÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö íóåõæÏöíøò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö íóÖóÚõæäó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐöåö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉó Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/23 - 25 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ (Õ 24) ÞóÇáó ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ: Åöäøöí ÓóáøóãúÊõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì Åöáóåöí æóÅöáóåó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÚóÇáöãñ ÞóÇÏöÑñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäú ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãóåúãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ¡ æóåõæó Íóßöíãñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÊóæóÌøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÓóÇÞö ÍößúãóÊöåö ÃóÓúÆöáóÉñ¡ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: ãóÇ åöíó¿ æóßóãú åöíó¿ ÞóÇáó áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÓóÈúÚñ. Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóÓúÆöáóÉò Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÅöÈúáöíÓó (Õ 24 - 25) æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåóÇ (Õ 25) : ÞóÇáó ÔóÇÑöÍõ ÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö: ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Åöáóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÞõæáõæÇ áóåõ: Åöäøóßó Ýöí ÊóÓúáöíãößó ÇáúÃóæøóáö. . . . ÅöáóÎú.(6/307)
æóÃóäøó ãóäú ÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó áöáúÎóáúÞö ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ ßóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö íóÖóÚõ ÍõÌóÌðÇ áóåõãú Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ áöíõÞóÇáó áöÃóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö: ÃóÌöíÈõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøó¡ æóíõÎóÇØöÈõ ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÓöäõ Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó ÝóÓóÇÏó Êöáúßó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ãöäú ÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úä ÇáÇÎÊáÇÝ ÇáæÇÞÚ Ýí ãÑÖ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " Åöäøó ãóËóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÔõÈúåóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö [ÇáúßóÐöÈö] (1) ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÐóäúÈò ÃõÐúäöÈó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò æóÞóÚó ÈóÚúÏó Êöáúßó ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÔõÈúåóÉó ÅöÈúáöíÓó áóãú ÊõæÞöÚú ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ÇáúÂÏóãöíøõæäó ãöäúåõ ÍóÊøóì íõæÞöÚó Èóíúäóåõãú ÎöáóÇÝðÇ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ÒóÇáó Èóíúäó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú Òóãóäö äõæÍò¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó æóÃóäúÒóáó ãóÚóåõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áöíóÍúßõãó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝöíãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö æóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ ÈóÛúíðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóåóÏóì Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÅöÐúäöåö æóÇááøóåõ íóåúÏöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 213] ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: " ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÂÏóãó
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(1) ÇáúßóÐöÈö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/308)
æóäõæÍò ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÞõÑõæäò ßõáøõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó " (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 19] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó áóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõæäó ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÍöãó ÑóÈøõßó æóáöÐóáößó ÎóáóÞóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 118¡ 119] .
æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÓúÝößõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏößó æóäõÞóÏøöÓõ áóßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäóíú ÂÏóãó ÞóÊóáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóÎóÇåõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ÊõÞúÊóáõ äóÝúÓñ ÙõáúãðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ßöÝúáñ ãöäú ÏóãöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Óóäøó ÇáúÞóÊúáó» " (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Êöáúßó ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÝóÖøóáúäóÇ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóáøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÝóÚó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÃóíøóÏúäóÇåõ ÈöÑõæÍö ÇáúÞõÏõÓö æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ æóáóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Âãóäó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝóÑó æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 253] .
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(1) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/275¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãóÍúãõæÏú ÔóÇßöÑú Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 2/546 - 547 æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ. æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó æõÑõæÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/257
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/351(6/309)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóßõæäõæÇ ßóÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 105] .
ÝóåóÐöåö äõÕõæÕõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÊõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æóÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ. æóÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóì æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð æóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð " (1) .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÊóßúÐöíÈö Þóæúãö ÚóÇÏò æóËóãõæÏó æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó áöÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÚöÈúÑóÉñ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÐóÑõæäöí ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõßõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åóáóßó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÓõÄóÇáöåöãú æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóåóíúÊõßõãú Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÝóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæåõ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊõßõãú ÈöÃóãúÑò ÝóÃúÊõæÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõãú» " (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ: {æóÃóáúÞóíúäóÇ Èóíúäóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉó æóÇáúÈóÛúÖóÇÁó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóæúÞóÏõæÇ äóÇÑðÇ áöáúÍóÑúÈö ÃóØúÝóÃóåóÇ Çááøóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 64] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ äóÕóÇÑóì ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöíËóÇÞóåõãú ÝóäóÓõæÇ ÍóÙøðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐõßøöÑõæÇ Èöåö ÝóÃóÛúÑóíúäóÇ Èóíúäóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉó æóÇáúÈóÛúÖóÇÁó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 14] .
æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/249
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÏóÚõæäöí ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõßõãú. . . . .¡ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/551(6/310)
æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚö. æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö Çáúãöáóáö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö Çáúãöáóáö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó Åöáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÃóÞóáøó.
ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäú ÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäö æóÇáúåöäúÏö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ íõÍúÕöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Úóäú ÃóÚúÙóãö Çáúãöáóáö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÚðÇ ßóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÝöíäóÇ. æóÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÝöÑóÞö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ ßóÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú. Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó (1) ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåõãú ÃóÞóáøõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáöåöãú¡ áöÃóäøó ãöíÑóÇËóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËö ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóÚóÕóãóåõãú ÍóÈúáõ Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÚúÊóÕóãõæÇ Èöåö ÝóÞóÇáó (2) {æóÇÚúÊóÕöãõæÇ ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ÌóãöíÚðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 103] .
ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ: Åöäøó ãóËóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÔõÈúåóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ æóßóãú ÞóÏú (3) æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ¿ .
æóÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏõ ÈöÔõÈúåóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö Ýöí ÇáúãóÑóÖö ÈóÇØöáñ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈúåóÉõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåóÇ ÃóËóÑõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÙóÇåöÑñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÞóÚõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÞöÊóÇáñ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÞõÈóÇÁó ÍóÊøóì ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöíõÕúáöÍó Èóíúäóåõãú.
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(1) ä: æóäóÍúæöåöãú æóáóÇ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ã: æóäóÍúæöåöãú åóÄõáóÇÁö Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
(2) ã: ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó.
(3) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/311)
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎöÐõæäó: åöíó áóäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóÇåöÈõæäó ÎóáúÝó ÇáúÚóÏõæøö: åöíó áóäóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõæäó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åöíó áóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÓúÃóáõæäóßó Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö Þõáö ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáõ áöáøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ ÐóÇÊó Èóíúäößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 1] .
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÎöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúßö¡ ÍóÊøóì åóãøó ÇáúÍóíøóÇäö ÈöÇáöÇÞúÊöÊóÇáö¡ ÝóÓóßøóäóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÔóÎúÕò åóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÞóÊúáõåõ Ãóãú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¿ .
æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó äöÒóÇÚñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ãóÑøóÉð ÈöÓóÈóÈö íóåõæÏöíøò ßóÇäó íõÐóßøöÑõåõãú ÍõÑõæÈóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóæúÓö æóÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇÎúÊóÕóãõæÇ æóåóãøõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäú ÊõØöíÚõæÇ ÝóÑöíÞðÇ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó íóÑõÏøõæßõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöíãóÇäößõãú ßóÇÝöÑöíäó æóßóíúÝó ÊóßúÝõÑõæäó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊõÊúáóì Úóáóíúßõãú ÂíóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÝöíßõãú ÑóÓõæáõåõ æóãóäú íóÚúÊóÕöãú ÈöÇááøóåö ÝóÞóÏú åõÏöíó Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 100¡ 101] .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò ÝóÇÞúÊóÊóáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíøõ: íóÇ áóáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó! æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ: íóÇ áóáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÃóÈöÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö æóÃóäóÇ Èóíúäó ÙóåúÑóÇäöíßõãú¡ ÏóÚõæåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãõäúÊöäóÉñ» " (1) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/153 - 154¡ 154 - 155 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó) ¡ (ãõÓúáöãò 4/1998 - 1999 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö äóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóÎö ÙóÇáöãðÇ Ãóæú ãóÙúáõæãðÇ) . Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/90 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/338 - 385¡ 392 - 393(6/312)
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ íóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæäó Ýöí ãõÑóÇÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ íõÕóáøöíóäøó ÃóÍóÏñ ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó " ÝóÃóÏúÑóßóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: äõÕóáøöí æóáóÇ äóÊúÑõßõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áóÇ äõÕóáøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó¡ ÝóÕóáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö. ÝóãóÇ ÚóäøóÝó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú» (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÝúÏõ Êóãöíãò¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóãøöÑö ÇáúÞóÚúÞóÇÚó Èúäó ãóÚúÈóÏò (2) . æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóãøöÑö ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÚó Èúäó ÍóÇÈöÓò. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÅöáøóÇ ÎöáóÇÝöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ÎöáóÇÝóßó¡ ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÃóÕúæóÇÊõåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÑúÝóÚõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÇÊóßõãú ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 2] ÝóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÃóÎöí ÇáÓøöÑóÇÑö (3) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/411
(2) ä¡ ã: Èúäö Íóßöíãò¡ È: Èúäö Íóßóãò¡ æóßõáøõåõ ÎóØóÃñ. æóåõæó ÇáúÞóÚúÞóÇÚõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÈóÏö Èúäö ÒõÑóÇÑóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 3/230 - 231¡ ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö ÈöåóÇãöÔö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö 3/251 - 252¡ ÃõÓúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö 4/409
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÂíóÉö 2 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 7/346 æóÞóæúáóåõ: æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ Óóåúáò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÕóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ãõÎóÇÑöÞò¡ Úóäú ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: (íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÑúÝóÚõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÇÊóßõãú ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö) ÞóáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåö áóÇ Ãõßóáøöãõßó ÅöáøóÇ ßóÃóÎöí ÇáÓøöÑóÇÑö. ÍõÕóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó åóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÖóÚöíÝðÇ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÈöäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/137 - 138 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÎöí ÇáÓøöÑóÇÑö: ÇáÕøóæúÊö ÇáúãõäúÎóÝöÖö Ãóæö ÇáúåóãúÓö.(6/313)
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÔóíúÁò Ãóæú íóÃúÐóäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíõÑóÇÌóÚõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíóäúÓóÎõ Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáúÃóæøóáó. «ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÃóæóÇäöí ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ áõÍõæãõ ÇáúÍõãõÑö ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóáóÇ äõÑöíÞõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑöíÞõæåóÇ (1) .
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäõæåõ (2) Ýöí äóÍúÑö ÙõåõæÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõãú. ÍóÊøóì ÌóÇÁó ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú ÃóÐöäúÊó Ýöí Ðóáößó äóÝöÏó ÙóåúÑõåõãú¡ æóáóßöäö ÇÌúãóÚú ãóÇ ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóÇÏúÚõ Çááøóåó ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ðóáößó» (3) .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó «ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó áóãøóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÛúáóÊóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ÇÐúåóÈú Ýóãóäú áóÞöíÊó æóÑóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÝóÈóÔøöÑúåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóáóÞöíóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÞóÇáó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇÑúÌöÚú¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ÝóáóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÊøóßöáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóÎóáøöåöãú
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú Ãóßúáö áõÍõæãö ÇáúÍõãõÑö ÇáúÅöäúÓöíøóÉö ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÏõæÑó ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ áõÍõæãõåóÇ ÃõßúÝöÆóÊú¡ ÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó 7/95 - 96 (ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö æóÇáÕøóíúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈó áõÍõæãö ÇáúÍõãõÑö ÇáúÅöäúÓöíøóÉö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1537 - 1540 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóíúÏö æóÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÊóÍúÑöíãö Ãóßúáö áóÍúãö ÇáúÍõãõÑö ÇáúÅöäúÓöíøóÉö) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/137 - 138 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑößóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóÚóÇãö¡ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: äóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóíóÃúÊõæäó ÈöÝóÖúáö ÃóÒúæóÇÏöåöãú (. æóÌóÇÁó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 18/123 ÑóÞúãö 9447(6/314)
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ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúæóäö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóÃóÈúíóäöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö: " «ÇÏúÚöí áöí ÃóÈóÇßö æóÃóÎóÇßö ÍóÊøóì ÃóßúÊõÈó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " íóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò» " (2) ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúÎóãöíÓö åóãøó Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ãóÇáóåõ ÃóåóÌóÑó¿ (3) " ÝóÔóßøó ÚõãóÑõ åóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãóäú åõÌúÑö ÇáúÍõãøóì Ãóæú åõæó ãöãøóÇ íóÞõæáõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÊöåö ÝóÎóÇÝó ÚõãóÑõ Ãóäøó íóßõæäó ãöäú åõÌúÑö ÇáúÍõãøóì¡ Ãóæú åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ßóãóÇ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ãóæúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú ÃóäúßóÑóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÇÊõæÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áóÇ ÊóÃúÊõæÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈò. ÝóÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóãú íóÈúÞó Ýöíåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÔõßøõæäó: åóáú ÃóãúáóÇåõ ãóÚó ÊóÛóíøõÑöåö ÈöÇáúãóÑóÖö¿ Ãóãú ãóÚó ÓóáóÇãóÊöåö ãöäú Ðóáößó¿ ÝóáóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚó ÝóÊóÑóßóåõ.
æóáóãú Êóßõäú ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈóåõ Ãóæú íõÈóáøöÛóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/59 - 61 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóØúÚðÇ) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/492¡ 2/51 - 52
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö 4/240: ÃóåóÌóÑó: Ãóíö: ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ßóáóÇãõåõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö¡ Ãóíú: åóáú ÊóÛóíøóÑó ßóáóÇãõåõ æóÇÎúÊóáóØó áöÃóÌúáö ãóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÅöãøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÍúÔö Ãóæö ÇáúåóÐóíóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÙóäøõ Èöåö Ðóáößó.(6/315)
ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÅöÐú áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãóÇ ÊóÑóßó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ áóßöäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉð áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÞóÚó. æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáó ÑóÈøóåõ áöÃõãøóÊöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóãóäóÚóåõ æóÇÍöÏóÉð. ÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõåúáößóåõãú ÈöÓóäóÉò ÚóÇãøóÉò ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓóáøöØõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¡ æó (1) ÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáó ÈóÃúÓóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóãóäóÚóåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: " ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉõ ßõáøõ ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóÇáó Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó " (3) .
ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÑóÒöíøóÉñ¡ Ãóíú ãõÕöíÈóÉñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÔóßøõæÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóØóÚóäõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó áóãøóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäó íõÝúÊöí ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÝóÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú Ýöí ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
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(1) ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí (È) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóãõäöÚóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö (Õ 230)
(2) ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí (È) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóãõäöÚóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö (Õ 230)
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåóÇ 1/30 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÌóÚõåõ ÞóÇáó: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈößöÊóÇÈò ÃóßúÊõÈú áóßõãú. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: åóáõãøó ÃóßúÊõÈõ áóßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóÇ ÊóÖöáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ. ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóáóÈóåõ ÇáúæóÌóÚõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ æóßóËõÑó ÇááøóÛóØõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞõæãõæÇ Úóäøöí áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÚöäúÏöí ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚõ. ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉó ßõáøõ ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóÇáó Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó ßöÊóÇÈöåö. æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÈóíøóäúÊõ ãóæóÇÖöÚó æõÑõæÏöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö (Õ 25)(6/316)
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÈöãóÇ ÃóÝúÊóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ. æóåóÐóÇ ËóÇÈöÊñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí íóÒöíÏó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÍóÇáó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÑóßó ßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Ðóáößó äöÒóÇÚñ¡ æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÇ ÞóÏöÑó ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóãúäóÚóåõ.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ. æóÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÞõÈóÇÁó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÈößóËöíÑò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃõäúÒöáó Ýöíåö: {æóÅöäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ ÝóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 9] ¡ áóßöäú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõãú ÞöÊóÇáñ ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö (1) .
æóãöäú Ìóåúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ßóÇäó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö. æóáóÇ [Ýöí]
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(1) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóäóÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/183 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøõáúÍö¡ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÃóäóÓðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: Þöíáó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóæú ÃóÊóíúÊó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÃõÈóíøò¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó Åöáóíúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÑóßöÈó ÍöãóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóãúÔõæäó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÑúÖõ ÓóÈúÎóÉñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: Åöáóíúßó Úóäøöí¡ æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÂÐóÇäöí äóÊóäõ ÍöãóÇÑößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ãöäúåõãú: æóÇááøóåö áóÍöãóÇÑõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóØúíóÈõ ÑöíÍðÇ ãöäúßó. ÝóÛóÖöÈó áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö ÝóÔóÊóãóåõ¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÖóÑúÈñ ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáúÃóíúÏöí æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö¡ ÝóÈóáóÛóäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú: (æóÅöäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ ÝóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1424 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÕóÈúÑöåö Úóáóì ÃóÐóì ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/157 - 219 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 7/353 - 354(6/317)
ÔóíúÁò (1) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÞúáö Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉð. ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. Ëõãøó íóÏøóÚõæäó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó (2) ÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò äóÕøðÇ ÌóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ áöáúÚõÐúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÛúäóì Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóãöÚõæÇ Ðóáößó áóÇ íõØöíÚõæäóåõ Ýóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íõØöíÚõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóæú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãõæÇ¿ .
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úä ÇáÎáÇÝ Ýí ÊÌåíÒ ÌíÔ ÃÓÇãÉ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (3) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö (4) : Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÌóåøöÒõæÇ ÌóíúÔó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ áóÚóäó Çááøóåõ ãóäú ÊóÎóáøóÝó Úóäúåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: íóÌöÈõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇãúÊöËóÇáõ ÃóãúÑöåö æóÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ÞóÏú ÈóÑóÒó (5) ¡ æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÏøó ãóÑóÖõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓóÚõ (6) ÞõáõæÈõäóÇ ÇáúãõÝóÇÑóÞóÉó ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (7) : " Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÞõáú: " «áóÚóäó Çááøóåõ ãóäú ÊóÎóáøóÝó Úóäúåõ» " æóáóÇ äõÞöáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ËóÈóÊó¡ Èóáú áóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ãóÚóåõ áóæú ÎóÑóÌó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó. æóáóÚóáøó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ íóÊöãøõ Èöåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
(2) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) 142 (ã) .
(4) ß: ÇáËøóÇäöí æóåõæó Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö.
(5) ß: ÞóÏú ÈóÑóÒó Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
(6) È: æóáóÇ ÊóÓóÚõ.
(7) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ(6/318)
åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö¡ áóãøóÇ ÎóÇÝó Ãóäú íóãõæÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóíúÝó ÃóÐúåóÈõ æóÃóäúÊó åóßóÐóÇ¡ ÃóÓúÃóáõ Úóäúßó ÇáÑøõßúÈóÇäó¿ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÇãö. æóáóæú ÚóÒóãó Úóáóì ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÇáÐøóåóÇÈö áóÃóØóÇÚóåõ¡ æóáóæú ÐóåóÈó ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ áóãú íóÊóÎóáøóÝú Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈõæÇ ÌóãöíÚõåõãú ãóÚóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÎóáøóÝú Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäöåö.
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æóáóßöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÝöÑúíóÉö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóíúÔó ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÞúÕõæÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ßóÇäó ÅöÎúÑóÇÌóåõãóÇ áöÆóáøóÇ íõäóÇÒöÚóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõßóÐøöÈõåõ æóíóÝúÊóÑöíåö ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊóÚóãøõÏðÇ áöáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Øõæáó ãóÑóÖöåö íóÃúãõÑõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÇÖöÑõæäó¡ æóáóæú æóáøóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú æóáøóÇåõ áóÃóØóÇÚõæåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ íõÍóÇÑöÈõæäó ãóäú äóÇÒóÚó ÃóãúÑó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÕóÑõæÇ Ïöíäóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ æóÂÎöÑðÇ.
æóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö: åóáú ßóÇäó íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóÑõÏøóåõ¿ æóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÊóÃúãöíÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ åóáú ßóÇäó íõäóÇÒöÚõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¿ æóáóæú ÞóÇáó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ Úóáóíúßõãú æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏöí¡ åóáú ßóÇäó íóÞúÏöÑõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóãúäóÚóåõ Ðóáößó¿ .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/181 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÐößúÑö ÃóÓúáóãó æóÛöÝóÇÑò¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö: ÛöÝóÇÑõ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÓúáóãõ ÓóÇáóãóåóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÚõÕóíøóÉõ ÚóÕóÊö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ. æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËñ ÂÎóÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: Çááøóåõãøó ÃóäúÌö ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö. . . ÝóÝöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/26 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÓúÞóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÌúÚóáúåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú Óöäöíäó ßóÓöäöí íõæÓõÝó. ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÛöÝóÇÑõ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåóÇ æóÃóÓúáóãõ ÓóÇáóãóåóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ËóÇáöËò ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 1/470 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞõäõæÊö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ Úóäú ÎöÝóÇÝö Èúäö ÅöíãóÇÁò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ ßóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÑóÇÈöÚò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1922 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö: ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò) ¡ æóÚóÞóÏó ãõÓúáöãñ ÝóÕúáðÇ ÂÎóÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 4/1952 - 1954 (ÈóÇÈö ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÛöÝóÇÑó æóÃóÓúáóãó) . ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÌóÇÁó ÝöíåóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö¡ æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò.
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æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÓõæÑóÉó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉò¡ æóßóÔóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÍóÇáó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ æóÚóÑøóÝóåõãõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãóÏúÍõæÖöíäó ãóÐúãõæãöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäóÇ (1) ÃóÞúÑóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÃóßúÑóãó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÍóÈøóåõãú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÎóÕøóåõãú Èöåö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉð áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãóåõãú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉð áóåõ æóãóÍóÈøóÉð áóåõ¡ æóÃóÍúÑóÕó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóãúÑöåö æóÅöÚúáóÇÁö Ïöíäöåö. ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌóæøöÒõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¿ ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝõæÇ ÅöÚúÑóÇÖóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÅöåóÇäóÊóåõ áóåõãú æóáóãú íóßõäú íõÞóÑøöÈõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÓõæÑóÉö ÈóÑóÇÁóÉò.
Èóáú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÆöäú áóãú íóäúÊóåö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó æóÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóäõÛúÑöíóäøóßó Èöåöãú Ëõãøó áóÇ íõÌóÇæöÑõæäóßó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ - ãóáúÚõæäöíäó ÃóíúäóãóÇ ËõÞöÝõæÇ ÃõÎöÐõæÇ æóÞõÊøöáõæÇ ÊóÞúÊöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 60¡ 61] ÝóÇäúÊóåóæúÇ Úóäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö æóÇäúÞóãóÚõæÇ.
åóÐóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÚóÒøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóßúÑóãõåõãú æóÃóÍóÈøõåõãú Åöáóíúåö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ßóÇäõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/322)
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ãÇ ßÇä ãä ÚãÑ ÚäÏ æÝÇÉ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (1) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ãóæúÊöåö " (2) .
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ãóæúÊõåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÞóÑøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÏö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÎúØöÆðÇ Ýöí ÅöäúßóÇÑö ãóæúÊöåö¡ ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ. æóáóíúÓó áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ. æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóÑóÌó æóÚõãóÑõ íõßóáøöãõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÌúáöÓú íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóÌúáöÓó¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóíúåö æóÊóÑóßõæÇ ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: " ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú íóÚúÈõÏõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Íóíøñ áóÇ íóãõæÊõ ". ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÃóÝóÅöäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó ÇäúÞóáóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈößõãú æóãóäú íóäúÞóáöÈú Úóáóì ÚóÞöÈóíúåö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 144] ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö áóßóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóáóÇåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÊóáóÞøóÇåóÇ (3) ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöáøóÇ íóÊúáõæåóÇ. ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: " æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ åõæó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÊóáóÇåóÇ ÝóÚõÞöÑúÊõ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇ ÊõÞöáøõäöí ÑöÌúáóÇíó¡ æóÍóÊøóì ÃóåúæóíúÊõ
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(1) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) ¡ 142 (ã) .
(2) ÇÎúÊóÕóÑó åõäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö¡ æóäóÕøõ ßóáóÇãöåö Ýöí 142 ã 143 (ã) ¡ åõæó: ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ãóæúÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -¡ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö - ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÞóÊóáúÊõåõ ÈöÓóíúÝöí åóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑõÝöÚó Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÑõÝöÚó ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ ãóÑúíóãó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóãóäú íóÚúÈõÏõ Åöáóåó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Íóíøñ áóÇ íóãõæÊõ.
(3) È: ÝóäóÞóáóåóÇ.(6/323)
Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Íöíäó ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ÊóáóÇåóÇ¡ ÚóáöãúÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó " (1) .
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáÑÇÈÚ Ýí ÇáÅãÇãÉ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (2) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö. æóÃóÚúÙóãõ ÎöáóÇÝò Èóíúäö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÎöáóÇÝõ (3) ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÅöÐú ãóÇ Óõáøó ÓóíúÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò ÏöíäöíøóÉò ãöËúáõ ãóÇ Óõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò " (4) .
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (5) : Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÛóáóØö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - áóãú íõÓóáøó ÓóíúÝñ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑó æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäöåöãú äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõãú ÓóíúÝñ ãóÓúáõæáñ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö. æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ Êóßóáøóãó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈößóáóÇãò ÃóäúßóÑóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/71 - 72 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóåõæó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/6 - 7¡ 7 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/520 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÐößúÑö æóÝóÇÊöåö æóÏóÝúäöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 6/219 - 220
(2) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) (Õ 143) (ã)
(3) ß: ÎöáóÇÝóÇÊõ.
(4) ÇÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) (Õ 143) (ã) æóÈóÇÞöí ßóáóÇãöåö åõæó: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ: ãöäøóÇ ÃóãöíÑñ æóãöäúßõãú ÃóãöíÑñ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÑóÆöíÓöåöãú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÏúÑóßó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ÈöÃóäú ÍóÖóÑóÇ ÓóÞöíÝóÉó Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ æóãóÏøó ÚõãóÑõ íóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ¡ ÝóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÝóáúÊóÉñ æóÞóì Çááøóåõ ÔóÑøóåóÇ¡ Ýóãóäú ÚóÇÏó Åöáóì ãöËúáöåóÇ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ¡ æóÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ãóÔúÛõæáñ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö - ãöäú ÏóÝúäöåö æóÊóÌúåöíÒöåö æóãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ æóÊóÎóáøóÝó åõæó æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.(6/324)
ÃóÝóÇÖöáõåõãú¡ ßóÃõÓóíúÏö Èúäö ÍõÖóíúÑò æóÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÈöÔúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú åõæó (1) ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó äóÝúÓðÇ æóÈóíúÊðÇ.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÎóíúÑõ ÏõæúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÏóÇÑõ Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÇÑõ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÔúåóáö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÇÑõ Èóäöí ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÇÑõ Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÏõæúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÎóíúÑñ» " (2) .
ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáÏøõæÑö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáóÉö: ÏóÇÑõ Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÈóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÔúåóáö¡ æóÈóäöí ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ãöäúåõãú ãóäú äóÇÒóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ Èóáú ÑöÌóÇáõ Èóäöí ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö ßóÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó¡ æóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ßõáøõåõãú áóãú íóÎúÊóÇÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò.
æóÃõÓóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÍõÖóíúÑò åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãõÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö íóæúãó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ Úóäú íóÓóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Úóäú íóãöíäöåö¡ æóåõæó ßóÇäó ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÔúåóáö¡ æóåõæó ßóÇäó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÇÒóÚó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó æóÇáúÍõÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóáöíáóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÎóáøóÝó ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãöãøóäú åõãú.
(2) Ñóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÇãöáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóíúÏò ÇáÓøóÇÚöÏöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 4/1949 - 1950 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈò: Ýöí ÎóíúÑö ÏõæúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÎóíúÑõ ÏõæúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Èóäõæ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö. . . . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 177 - 179¡ æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 8/17 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÎóíúÑö ÏõæúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö.(6/325)
æóÓóÚúÏñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ Èóáú áóåõ ÐõäõæÈñ íóÛúÝöÑõåóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú (1) ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÃóÑúÖóÇåõãú.
ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãú ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó åõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó. æóåõæó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈó áóßöäú íóäúÞõáõæäó ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ãóäú íóäúÞõáõ Úóãøóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈó.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ãóÔúÛõæáðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÏóÝúäöåö æóÊóÌúåöíÒöåö æóãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ ÝóßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ æóåõæó ãõäóÇÞöÖñ áöãóÇ íóÏøóÚõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÏúÝóäú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ áóãú íõÏúÝóäú ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÏõÝöäó ãöäó ÇááøóíúáóÉö ÇáúãõÞúÈöáóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ áóÇÒóãó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÈúÑóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞõÈöÑó Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÌúäóÈöíøñ ãöäúåóÇ.
Ëõãøó ßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó - ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú - Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¿ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóÛöáú ÈöÊóÌúåöíÒöåö Úóáöíøñ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Èóáú Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ æóÈóäõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóãóæúáóÇåõ ÔõÞúÑóÇäõ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÍóÇÖöÑöíäó ÛõÓúáóåõ æóÊóÌúåöíÒóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýöí Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó. áóßöäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúãóíøöÊó Ãóåúáõåõ¡ ÝóÊóæóáøóì Ãóåúáõåõ ÛõÓúáóåõ æóÃóÎøóÑõæÇ ÏóÝúäóåõ áöíõÕóáøöíó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóíúåö (2) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÕóáøóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÝúÑóÇÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: Çááøóåõ ÞóÏú.
(2) È: áöíõÕóáøöíó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó.(6/326)
ÑöÌóÇáõåõãú æóäöÓóÇÄõåõãú: ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊøóÓöÚú íóæúãõ ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö áöÐóáößó ãóÚó ÊóÛúÓöíáöåö æóÊóßúÝöíäöåö¡ Èóáú ÕóáøóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö íóæúãó ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁó¡ æóÏõÝöäó íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÑúÈöÚóÇÁö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäö Úóáöíøò áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó æóÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäö áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ (1) ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ.
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö (2) äóÕóÈó ÅöãóÇãðÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò ãöäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇÒóÚö ÝöíåóÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáöíäó íõÞóÇÊöáõ ØóÚúäðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö (3) ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÏøöÚóÇÁð áöáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ØóÚúäðÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò.
ÝóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ßóäöÒóÇÚö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕó Úóáóíúåö åõæó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõãú ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóßõáøó ãóäú æóÇáóÇåõãóÇ ßóÇÝöÑñ.
ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó Ãóæøóáó ÓóíúÝò Óõáøó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ßóÇäó ãóÓúáõæáðÇ Úóáóì ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÏóÚúæóì ßóÇÐöÈóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóÐöÈõåóÇ ÈöÃóÏúäóì ÊóÃóãøõáò¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó.
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(1) È: Åöäøóåõ.
(2) È: ÇáúãõÍóßøöãóíúäö.
(3) È: ÅöãóÇãóÉö.(6/327)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÞöÊóÇáõ (1) ÝöÊúäóÉò ÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú åõæó (2) ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÞöÊóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÐúáö (3) æóÇáúÈóÛúíö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáò ÓóÇÆöÛò áöØóÇÚóÉö ÛóíúÑö (4) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö áóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò ÏöíäöíøóÉò.
æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó äóÇÒóÚóåõ ãõäóÇÒöÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÞóÇÊóáóåõãú¡ áóßóÇäó ÞöÊóÇáõåõãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÞöÊóÇáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóíúÓó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃõæáóÆößó äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö.
æóáóßöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÓóíúÝò Óõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö ÓóíúÝõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÞöÊóÇáõåõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÈúÊóÏóÚõæÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÈöÐößúÑöåöãú¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÊóãúÑõÞõ ãóÇÑöÞóÉñ Úóáóì Íöíäö ÝõÑúÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÊóÞúÊõáõåõãú Ãóæúáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö» " (5) .
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóØøõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõ: áóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ØóáúÍóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó¡ æóáóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÚúÊóÑöÝöíäó ÈöÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò æóÓóÇÈöÞóÊöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáö
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(1) ÞöÊóÇáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ä¡ È: æóÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú æóåõæó.
(3) È: ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä: Úóíúäö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/306(6/328)
ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú íõãóÇËöáõåõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÐóáößó áóãú íõäóÇÒöÚú ÞóØøõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö æóÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÕóãó ÇËúäóÇäö Ýöí Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÞóæúãö íóÚúáóãõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÎóÇÕóãóÉñ Èóíúäó ØóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö (1) Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÞöÊóÇáò.
æóßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ: áóãú íóÊóÎóÇÕóãú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö Ýöí Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇÑöåðÇ áöæöáóÇíóÉö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ. ÝóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÑöåðÇ áöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóßúÑóåõ ÅöãóÇãóÉó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö.
áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö äöÒóÇÚñ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíúÝö. ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÇÊò ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉò Èóíúäóåõãú¡ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚóãóáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞóÇÆöÏö (2) ÇáúÚöáúãöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ÝóíóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæäó æóíóÊóäóÇÙóÑõæäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏöåöãú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö íóÙúåóÑõ Èóíúäóåõãõ (3) ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ¡
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(1) È: Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö.
(2) ä: æóÇáúÚóÞóÇíöáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.(6/329)
áóÇ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÕöÍøóÉö ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõãóÑó æóÕöÍøóÉö ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÕöÍøóÉö ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí (1) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãõÞóÏøóãñ ÈóÚúÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõãú (2) ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈóÚúÏó ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÌóíúÔö Úóáöíøò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ áóãú ÊõÝóÖøöáú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ Úóáóíúåö ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Ãóäú íõÝóÖøóáó Úóáóíúåö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ.
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó áöÔõÈúåóÉò ÚóÑóÖóÊú áóåõãú¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ áóåõ áóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÓóãøó ÞóØøõ ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈóÇíóÚóåõãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÚóáöíøñ ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóáóãú íõÈóÇíöÚú ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÚóÇ Åöáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ßóÇäóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó æóÃóÌóáøó ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóÇ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ áóãú íõÈóÇíöÚúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Íöíäó ßóÇäó íõÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓóãøóì ÈöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ æöáóÇíóÉð ÞóÈúáó Íõßúãö ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö (3) .
æóÚóáöíøñ íõÓóãøöí äóÝúÓóåõ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãóÚóåõ
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ÈóÚúÏóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) È: ÇáúãõÍúßóãóíúäö.(6/330)
íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÞöÑøõæäó áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ æóáóßöäö ÇÏøóÚóæúÇ ãóæóÇäöÚó ÊóãúäóÚõåõãú Úóäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö.
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýóáóãú íõÍóÇÑöÈõæåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÚóæúåõ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íõÈóÇíöÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóäúÊó¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó áóßöäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúßó ÝóÚóáóíúßó Ãóäú ÊóÊúÈóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇÊóáúäóÇßó.
ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉõ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉó åóÄõáóÇÁö áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí äõÝõæÓö ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó äõÝõæÑñ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÊóÊøóÝöÞõ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö ÝóÌóÇÒó ÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö áöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ íóÞõæáõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ æóÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÍóÞøñ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáØøóÚúäõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚõæÇ Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÚõÐúÑõåõãú ÂËóÇÑñ ÓóãöÚõæåóÇ¡ æóÃõãõæÑñ ÙóäøõæåóÇ¡ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÝóÖúáó Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÒóÚö ÝöíåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ íóßõæäõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÚó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóáóßöäö ÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó ãóÚóåõãú ãóäúÞõæáóÇÊò ÙóäøõæåóÇ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóãóÚóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊñ ÙóäøõæåóÇ ãõÑóÇÏóÉð æóãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäú ßóÐóáößó¡ æóãóÚóåõãú äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö Ùóäøõæåõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ.(6/331)
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÌúãõæÚõ ãóÇ íõæÑöËõ ÇáÔøõÈóåó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÊö ÇáäøõÝõæÓõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì æóÞóáøó Ãóäú íóÎúáõæó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö Çáúåóæóì: {Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó æóãóÇ Êóåúæóì ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓõ æóáóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóåõãú ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãõ ÇáúåõÏóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 23] .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÌóæóÇÒó ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö áöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò ãóÇäöÚóÉò ãöäú ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö åõæó Þóæúáñ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ æóÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ¡ æóÅöäøó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ãõÈóÇíóÚóÊóåõ æóØóÇÚóÊóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ áöÃóäøó ÊóæúáöíóÊóåõ ÃóÕúáóÍó.
ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ áöÚõãõæãö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ ÈóÏóÃõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáò ÃóÕúáðÇ.
æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó ÈöÏóÃõæåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÊóáõæÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÎóÈøóÇÈò áóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóÇÒó Èöåöãú¡ ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËóåõãú Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÎóÈøóÇÈö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÑóÊøö¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËóåõãú ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÑõÌõæÚóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ¡ æóÈóÞöíó Ïóãõåõ ãöËúáõ ÇáÔøöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö. ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóíúåöãú Úóáöíøñ íóÞõæáõ: ÓóáøöãõæÇ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÞóÇÊöáó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÎóÈøóÇÈò. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßõáøõäóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ. Ëõãøó ÃóÛóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÓóÑúÍö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãóÇÔöíóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÑúÓóáõæåóÇ ÊóÓúÑóÍõ ãóÚó ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì Úóáöíøñ Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇÓúÊóÍóáøõæÇ ÏöãóÇÁó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú¡ ÐóßóÑó ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáøóÊöí ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÕöÝóÊöåöãú æóÝöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ æóÑóÃóì Êöáúßó ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ãõäúØóÈöÞóÉð Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇÊóáóåõãú¡ æóäóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÝóÑöÍó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÓóÌóÏó áöáøóåö ÔõßúÑðÇ áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãõÎóÏøóÌö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú ÝóÞöÊóÇáõåõ áöáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ßóÇäó ÈöäóÕøò ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(6/332)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ äóÕøñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíðÇ. æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞõæåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóßóÇÈöÑö (1) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ: áóÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ßóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÚóÙøöãõæäó áöÚóáöíøò¡ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíõæóÇáõæäóåõ æóíõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõ Ýöí Òóãóäöåö áóßöäú áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞõæåõ Ýöí ÑóÃúíöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
æóßóÇäó ãóÚóåõãú äõÕõæÕñ ÓóãöÚõæåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÏõáøõåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÊóÑúßó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö æóÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Çáäøóåúíó Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÈöÐóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó ÃóÍóÏñ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ãóÚó Úóáöíøò ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõåõãõ ÇÚúÊóÒóáõæÇ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó.
æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíöäó¡ æóÅöäøó ÞóÇÊöáó ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö (2) ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
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(1) ÃóßóÇÈöÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) È: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÉö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.(6/333)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÚóÇåõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÍúÊó æöáóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÑõÝöÚóÊö ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝõ æóÏóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÍúßöíãö æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáúÞóÇÈöáö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÍóßóãóÇäö Úóáóì ÚóÒúáö Úóáöíøò æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö: " åóÐóÇ ÚóÒóáó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃóÚúÒöáú ÕóÇÍöÈöí " æóãóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì Åöáóì ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö áöÐóáößó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÒúáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Èóáú ÚóÒóáóåõ Úóäú æöáóÇíóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ æóáøóÇäöí ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÊóÇäö ÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÈóÇÞò Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöí ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÍóßóãóÇäö Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÚúÒóáó Úóáöíøñ Úóäú ÅöãúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Úóäú ÅöãúÑóÉö ÇáÔøóÇãö. æóßóÇäó ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÅöÈúÞóÇÁó ÕóÇÍöÈöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÙúåöÑú ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑó ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÊóÝóÑøóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞò æóáóãú íóÞóÚú ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÞöÊóÇáñ.
Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇáö ÕóÇÑó íóÏøóÚöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõãú Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÞõæÊöáó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ æóåõæó ãõØöíÚñ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÞóæúáò Ãóæú ÝöÚúáò¡ Èóáú ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö.(6/334)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÃóÚúáóãõ æóÃóÚúÏóáõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ áöÚóáöíøò: ÈóÇíöÚú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõæÇ áóåõ (1) : ÈóÇíöÚú ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó¡ æóåõãóÇ (2) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøõæÑóì.
ÝóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÈóÞöíó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÚúÏñ ÝóÇÚúÊóÒóáó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóÏúÎõáú Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ßõáøóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóæúÊðÇ¡ æóÇÚúÊóÒóáó ÈöÇáúÚóÞöíÞö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó Íõãöáó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÞö ÝóÏõÝöäó ÈöÇáúÈóÞöíÚö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò: ßóÇäó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò Ýöí ÅöÈöáöåö ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇÈúäõåõ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÓóÚúÏñ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ÔóÑøö åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇßöÈö. ÝóäóÒóáó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóäóÒóáúÊó Ýöí ÅöÈöáößó æóÛóäóãößó æóÊóÑóßúÊó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæäó Ýöí Çáúãõáúßö Èóíúäóåõãú¿ ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÓóÚúÏñ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇÓúßõÊú¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÇáÊøóÞöíøó ÇáúÛóäöíøó ÇáúÎóÝöíøó " (3) .
æóÇÈúäõåõ ÚõãóÑõ åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉó¡ æóáóæú ÍóÕóáóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ æõáøöíó æöáóÇíóÉð¡ æóÞöíáó áóåõ: áóÇ äõæóáøöíßó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÊóæóáøóì ÞöÊóÇáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ßóÇäó åõæó ÃóãöíÑó Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÚúÏñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóßóÇäó ãõÌóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÓóÏøóÏðÇ Ýöí Òóãóäöåö¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: Èóáú íóÞõæáõæÇ Åöäøóåõ.
(2) È: æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/65¡ 3/161(6/335)
æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó¡ æóßóÓóÑó ÌõäõæÏó ßöÓúÑóì¡ æóßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÝöÊóäò Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ãóäú áóÇ íõåúáößó ÃõãøóÊöí ÈöÓóäóÉò ÚóÇãøóÉò ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓóáøöØó Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóíóÓúÊóÈöíÍó ÈóíúÖóÊóåõãú ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáó ÈóÃúÓóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóãóäóÚóäöíåóÇ» " (1) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó - ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú - áóãú íóÞúÊóÊöáõæÇ ÞóØøõ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò ãöäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö æóáóÇ [Ýöí] ÇáúÞóÏóÑö (2) ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö. áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöÕöÝóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ äóÇÝöíäó ÚóäúåóÇ ÊóãúËöíáóåóÇ ÈöÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó¡ ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöáúÞóÏóÑö ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö æóÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö æóÃóãúÑöåö ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÊöåö æóáöÝöÚúáöåö ãóÚó ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåöãú áöáúÞóÏóÑö.
[Ëõãøó] (4) áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Òóãóäöåöãú ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøõ áöáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑó (5) ÍõÌøóÉð áöãóäú ÚóÕóì Ãóæú ßóÝóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõ ÈöÚöáúãö Çááøóåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö ÇáÔøóÇãöáóÉö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö (Õ 230)
(2) ä: æóáóÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö.
(3) È: æóáóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
(4) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) È: ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/336)
æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö æóÎóáúÞöåö áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóíõäúßöÑõ ÝóÖúáó Çááøóåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäóåõ æóãóäøöåö Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÚóãó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö¡ Ïõæäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íõäúßöÑõ ÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Åöáóì Çááøóåö Ýöí ßõáøö ØóÑúÝóÉö Úóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Íóæúáó æóáóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÏöÞøò æóÌöáøò¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÔøöÑúßö¡ æóíóäúåóì Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóíóÏúÎõáó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó.
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÝöíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö. æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöÊóÎúáöíÏö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõ ÈöÔóÝóÇÚóÉò (1) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÅöíãóÇäõ (* ÇáúÝõÓøóÇÞö ßóÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
Èóáú ÞóÏú (2) ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáäøõÞõæáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÎõÑõæÌö ãóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò *) (3) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÈöÔóÝóÇÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóäøó ÅöíãóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó íóÒöíÏõ æóíóäúÞõÕõ.
æóãóäú äóÞóáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÈöÊóÎúáöíÏö ÞóÇÊöáö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ (4) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö
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(1) È: íõßóÐøöÈõ ÔóÝóÇÚóÉó.
(2) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ÇáúÝöÕóáö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö 3/274¡ 4/80 Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÞõæáõ ÈöÊóÎúáöíÏö ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö ÚóãúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÑõÏøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó 3/275 - 289¡ 4/81 - 99 ÈöãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ÎóØóÃó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóåõæó íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóËóÑðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò 4/93 íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ÇáÑøóÃúíó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÅöäøóÇ áóãõæóÝøõæåõãú äóÕöíÈóåõãú ÛóíúÑó ãóäúÞõæÕò) [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 109] ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ æõÚöÏõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÎóíúÑò æóÔóÑøò¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó äóÕøõ ÞóæúáöäóÇ.(6/337)
ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÝóÝöí ÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÊóÎúáöíÏöåö æóÊóæúÈóÊöåö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö. ÝóÃóíúäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¿ .
æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉð æóáóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÎöáóÇÝóÊõåõãú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõãú ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÞøó ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏõ ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÇÎúÊõáöÝó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö. ÝóÞóÈúáó ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò áóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäóåõãú ÞöÊóÇáñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóáóÇ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö (1) áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÊóÇÈöÚðÇ áöÐóÇßó.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö Úóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÞóÈúáóåõ ÈöæóÕúÝò¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÔóÇÆöÚðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóæóÇÊóÑó (2) Úóäúåõ äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö. æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú Úóäö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö (3) ÇáúÃõæóáö ÊóÞúÏöíãõ Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ.
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(1) È: Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö.
(2) ä: ÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊú.
(3) ã: æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú Úóáóì ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ È: æóáóãú ÊõÙúåöÑö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ.(6/338)
æóÈößõáøö ÍóÇáò¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö áöáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó Ýöí Òóãóäö Úóáöíøò áóãú íóßõäú áöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ áößóæúäöåöãú áóãú íõÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú áößóæúäöåöãú ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÈõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäó ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÈóíúäó Úóáöíøò ÝóßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÙóÇäøðÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÏúÝóÚõ Õóæúáó ÛóíúÑöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ áóãú íóßõäú áöÚóáöíøò ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏõæãö Úóáöíøò íóØúáõÈõæäó ÞóÊóáóÉó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó áöáúÞóÊóáóÉö ãöäú ÞóÈóÇÆöáöåöãú ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚõ Úóäúåõãú¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊóãóßøóäõæÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Úóáöíøñ æóÚóÑøóÝõæåõ ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõãú (1) ¡ ÚóÑøóÝóåõãú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÑóÃúíõåõ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ÍóÊøóì íóäúÊóÙöãó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Úóáöãó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÞóÊóáóÉö Ðóáößó¡ Íóãóáó [Úóáóì] ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑóíúäö (2) ¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ÈóÏóÃõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÈöÞóÕúÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö áóÇ ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ Ëõãøó æóÞóÚó ÞöÊóÇáñ Úóáóì Çáúãõáúßö.
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ãöËúáó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú Èóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÈóíúäó íóÒöíÏó¡ Ëõãøó Èóíúäó ãóÑúæóÇäó æóÇÈúäöåö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøõåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÞöÊóÇáö ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú Èóíúäó íóÒöíÏó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö - ÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇáúÍóÑøóÉö - ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö íóÒöíÏó¡ áóãú Êóßõäú áöÃóÌúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóäú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáÔøóÇãö ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
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(1) ä: ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃð.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Íóãóáó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøöíäó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.(6/339)
æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ãóßóÇäó íóÒöíÏó¡ áóãú íóßõäú íõÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÊóáõæåõ. æóáóãú íóßõäú åõæó Íöíäó ÞõÊöáó ØóÇáöÈðÇ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÌóíúÔñ íõÞóÇÊöáõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÌóÚó ãõäúÕóÑöÝðÇ æóØóáóÈó Ãóäú íõÑóÏøó Åöáóì íóÒöíÏó ÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íõÑóÏøó Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåö ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ Ãóæú íóÓöíÑó Åöáóì ÇáËøóÛúÑö¡ ÝóãóäóÚóåõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÙøóáóãóÉõ ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÃúÓöÑó áóåõãú¡ Ýóáóãú íõÞúÊóáú - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóåõæó íõÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÉò¡ Èóáú ÞõÊöáó æóåõæó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáÏøóÝúÚó Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö áöÆóáøóÇ íõÄúÓóÑó æóíõÙúáóãó.
æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÃóÎõæåõ ÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÌõíõæÔõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉõ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú äóÒóáó Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö ÈöÐóáößó æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇÈúäöí åóÐóÇ ÓóíøöÏñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó Çááøóåó Ãóäú íõÕúáöÍó Èöåö (1) Èóíúäó ÝöÆóÊóíúäö ÚóÙöíãóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó» " (2) .
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÞóÇãó ãóäú íóØúáõÈõ ÈöÏóãöåö ãóÚó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøö æóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏò. Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÞóÊóáó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÐöÈó æóÇÏøóÚóì (3) Ãóäøóåõ íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Óóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ËóÞöíÝò ßóÐøóÇÈñ æóãõÈöíÑñ» (4) "¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí Óõãøöíó (5) ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó¡
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(1) ä: æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó íõÕúáöÍõ Èöåö¡ ã: æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíõÕúáöÍõ Èöåö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/539 - 540.
(3) È: æóÇÏøóÍóì¡ æóåöíó ÛóáúØóÉñ ãóØúÈóÚöíøóÉñ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/69
(5) ä¡ ã: íõÓóãøóì.(6/340)
æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö. æóÇáúãõÈöíÑõ åõæó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÝöÊúäóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö¡ ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóÚóåõ ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁõ¡ ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÙõáúãöåö æóÚóÓúÝöåö.
Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö áöÃóÌúáö ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÉö ÓõáúØóÇäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Þóæúãñ íõäóÇÒöÚõæäóåõ¡ ÞóÇãó ãóÚóåõ äóÇÓñ¡ æóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÃõäóÇÓñ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÝöÊóäõ ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÒóíúÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö åöÔóÇãò æóØóáóÈö ÇáúÃóãúÑó áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÞöÊóÇáõåõ Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉò ãöäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÞõæáõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ.
æóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò æóÔöíÚóÉõ Èóäöí åöÔóÇãò Úóáóì Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóáøöíðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóåõæó ãóÑúæóÇäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÃóäúÕóÇÑõåõ.
æóãóÇ ÒóÇáó Èóäõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö (1) ¡ ãõÞóÏøöãöíäó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóäóÇÈöÑö. Ýóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú (2) ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåöãú æóáóÇ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöËúáó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóÎöíåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ (3) ÎóÑóÌóÇ - æóãóäú ãóÚóåõãóÇ - Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö¡ áóÇ
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(1) È: áöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) È: íóÞúÊõáõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäøóãóÇ.(6/341)
Úóáóì ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚóåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ßõáøõåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
ÝóåóÐöåö - æóÃóãúËóÇáõåóÇ - ÇáúÝöÊóäõ ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓö æóÏóÇãóÊú æöáóÇíóÊõåõ ãõÏøóÉð ØóæöíáóÉð áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøöíäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó (1) .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊõ ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÇáúÞóÇÆöãõæäó ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúÎóÇÑöÌõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúæõáóÇÉö áóãú íóßõäú ÞöÊóÇáõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÝöíåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãóäú ÏóÚóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÝúÖö (2) ¡ æóÊóÓóãøóì ÈöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (3) ¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÍóÕóáó áóåõãú ãõáúßñ æóÃóÚúæóÇäñ ãõÏøóÉó Èóäöí (4) ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö (5) ÇáúÞóÏøóÇÍö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ãõÏøóÉð¡ æóÈöãöÕúÑó äóÍúæó ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÓóäóÉò.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö - ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö - ßóÇäõæÇ (6) ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóäóÓóÈõåõãú ÈóÇØöáñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇÊøöÕóÇáõ äóÓóÈò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö æóáóÇ Ïöíäñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÓóÈó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈó æóÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚó¡ áöíóÊóæóÓøóáõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó Åöáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÞóáøó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÚóÞúáðÇ æóÏöíäðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑóåóÇ ÌóåúáðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÃóãúÑõ
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(1) ä: ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑó æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ã: ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó
(2) ä: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ãóäú ÙóåóÑó Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÝúÖö¡ È: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ãóäú ÙóåóÑó Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
(3) ä: æóíõÓóãøóì ÈöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ã: æóíõÓóãøóì (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) ÈöÅöãúÑóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ È: ãõÏøóÉó Èóäõæ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) È: ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ßóÇäõæÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/342)
åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó - ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó - Ýöí ØóæóÇÆöÝö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö íóÊóÈóÑøóÃõæäó (1) ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ ÊõßóÝøöÑõåõãú æóÊóÊóÈóÑøóÃõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÊóÓöÈõ Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö (2) ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌó (3) áóåõãõ ÇáÓøößøöíäó.
æóÔóÑøñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÑóÇãöØóÉõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö¡ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌõäøóÇÈöíøö (4) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÊóÙóÇåóÑõæäó ÈöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌó¡ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏó.
ÝóåóÐöåö - æóÃóãúËóÇáõåóÇ - ÇáúãóáóÇÍöãõ æóÇáúÝöÊóäõ (5) ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ Ýöíåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÏøóÚöíåóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡ æóÅöäú ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíäó ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ãóäú íóÏúÚõæ Åöáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóãóÚóåõ ãóäú íõÞóÇÊöáõ¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÓõßøóÇäö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí æóÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóáöíáóÉñ ãóÞúãõæÚõæäó (6) ãóÚó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÓóíúÝñ ãóÓúáõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÎöáóÇÝò æóÞóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ Óõáøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÓóíúÝñ ãöËúáó ãóÇ Óõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò.
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(1) ä¡ ã: íóÊóÈóÑøóÃõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÈóÇÍö 4/101
(3) È: ÎóÑøóÌó.
(4) È: ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 1/316
(5) È: ÇáúãóáóÇÍöãõ ÇáúÝöÊóäõ.
(6) È: ãõäúÞóãöÚõæäó.(6/343)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö íóÚúäöí Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÊóÊöáõ (1) ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó æöáóÇíóÉõ ÔóÎúÕò Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö. ÝóÞóæúãñ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÞóæúãñ íóÎúÑõÌõæäó Úóáóíúåö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ; ÝóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇáøóÐöíäó Ïöíäõåõãú æóÇÍöÏñ æóäóÈöíøõåõãú æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöåóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ ãõÊóæóáøöíðÇ¡ æóáöåóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ ãõÊóæóáøöíðÇ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇÊöáõ ßõáøõ Þóæúãò Úóáóì ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ãóäú ÌóÚóáõæåõ åõãú ÅöãóÇãóåõãú.
áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö¡ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ËóÈóÊóÊú (2) ÈöÇáäøóÕøö áöÚóáöíøò (3) ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøó ÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÈóÇØöáóÉñ. Èóáú ÚóÇãøóÉõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÚúÊóÑöÝõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóãú íóÞúÊóÊöáõæÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (4) æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Èóíúäóåõãú. ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõãú ßóÇäóÊú ÈöáóÇ ÓóíúÝò ãóÓúáõæáò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóíúÝõ ãóÓúáõæáðÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÍðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóÏúÍõ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóíúÝõ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóåóÐöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ áöáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÍõÌøóÊõåõãú ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ÍõÌøóÉö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÓõíõæÝóåõãú ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ÓõíõæÝö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÏöíäõåõãú ÃóÕóÍøõ¡ æóåõãú ÕóÇÏöÞõæäó áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) ä: íóÞúÈóáõ¡ ã: íóÞúÊõáõ¡ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò.
(2) ä: ÊóËúÈõÊõ.
(3) áöÚóáöíøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) ä¡ ã: áóÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.(6/344)
æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÈúÊóÏöÚõæäó ãõÎúØöÆõæäó ÖõáøóÇáñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöäúåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúæóÑóÚö æóÚóÇãøóÉö ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúÎóíúÑö¿ ! .
æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Ýöí ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÓóíúÝö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáö ÇáúÞóæúãõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú åõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãóÇ æóãõæóÇáóÇÊöåöãóÇ.
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáÎÇãÓ Ýí ÝÏß æÇáÊæÇÑË]
æóÞóæúáõåõ (1) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (2) ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ýöí ÝóÏóßò æóÇáÊøóæóÇÑõËö. ÑóæóæúÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «äóÍúäõ ãóÚóÇÔöÑó (3) ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö áóÇ äõæÑóËõ¡ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» (4) ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú ÒóÇáó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí åóÐöåö Ïõæäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö (5) ¡ æóãöíÑóÇËõ ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö ãóÚó ÇÈúäöåóÇ¡ æóÍóÌúÈõ ÇáúÃõãøö ÇáúÃóÎóæóíúäö (6) ¡ æóÌóÚúáõ ÇáúÌóÏøö ãóÚó ÇáúÃõãøö ßóÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ.
ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ áöæõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó
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(1) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) (Õ 143) (ã) .
(2) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ß.
(3) ß: æóÇáÊøóæóÇÑõËõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -¡ æóÏóÝóÚóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -: äóÍúäõ ãóÚóÇÔöÑó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/195 - 196
(5) ä: ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö¡ ã: ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉõ æóÇáúÚõãõæãóÊóíúäö æóÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ.
(6) ä: æóÍóÌúÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö áöÃóÎóæóíúäö¡ ã: æóÍóÌúÈõ ÇáúÃõãøö ÈöÇáúÃóÎóæóíúäö.(6/345)
áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ íõæÑóËõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íõÑúæó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ãóÇ Ñõæöíó áóåõãú Ýöí ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ åõäóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò áóÇ íóÊóÚóÏøóÏõ¡ æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ãöäú ÌöäúÓò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏò¡ æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí Êöáúßó åöíó [äöÒóÇÚñ] Ýöí (1) Þóáöíáò ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö: åóáú íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö äóÇÓñ ãõÚóíøóäõæäó¿ .
æóÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÞóÏú ÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ãóÇáö Çááøóåö¡ ÈöÞóÏúÑö ãóÇ ÎóáøóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÖúÚóÇÝðÇ ãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉð. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöíÑóÇËðÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäúåõãú ÞóÑúíóÉð áóíúÓóÊú ßóÈöíÑóÉð¡ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐú ãöäúåõãú ãóÏöíäóÉð æóáóÇ ÞóÑúíóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð.
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÑöíËö ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÃóÖúÚóÇÝö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÝóÏóßò¡ æóáóÇ íõäúÓóÈõ ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÒöÚõæäó ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì Ùõáúãò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú.
Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁó ÇÌúÊóåóÏõæÇ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóæõÇ ÇáúãöíÑóÇËó ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ åóÐóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ðóáößó Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÎúØöÆõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö áöÃóäøóåõãú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøöíäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó.
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(1) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/346)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚóÙøöãõ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúåóæóì¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑøö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäö.
æóÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÝóÏóßñ æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ ÊóÍúÊó Íõßúãöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÚúØöåóÇ áöÃóæúáóÇÏö ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóáóÇ [ÃóÎóÐó] (1) ãöäú ÒóæúÌóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóÇ æóáóÏö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËöåö.
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÙõáúãðÇ æóÞóÏóÑó Úóáóì ÅöÒóÇáóÊöåö¡ áóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Ãóåúæóäõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÞöÊóÇáö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÌõíõæÔöåö. ÃóÝóÊõÑóÇåõ íõÞóÇÊöáõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúØöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóáöíáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö æóÃóãúÑõåõ Ãóåúæóäõ ÈößóËöíÑò¿ .
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáÓÇÏÓ Ýí ÞÊÇá ãÇäÚí ÇáÒßÇÉ]
[æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ] (2) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (3) ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú (4) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇÌúÊóåóÏó ÚõãóÑõ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ ÝóÑóÏøó ÇáÓøóÈóÇíóÇ æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÃóØúáóÞó ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÓöíäó ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÑóÇÌóÚóåõ ÚõãóÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò íóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ßóíúÝó ÊõÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáäøóÇÓó æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
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(1) ÃóÎóÐó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
(2) æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : æóÞóæúáõåõ. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ Ýöí (ß) (Õ 143) (ã) .
(3) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇÊóáóåõãú.(6/347)
«ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍóÊøóì íóÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæåóÇ ÚóÕóãõæÇ ãöäøöí ÏöãóÇÁóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ¡ æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö» (1) ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: Ãóáóãú íóÞõáú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö (2) ¿ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ãöäú ÍóÞøöåóÇ. æóÇááøóåö áóæú ãóäóÚõæäöí ÚóäóÇÞðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÏøõæäóåóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÞóÇÊóáúÊõåõãú Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ åõæó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÃóíúÊõ Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÔóÑóÍó ÕóÏúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöáúÞöÊóÇáö ÝóÚóÑóÝúÊõ (3) Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÊóÕúÏöíÞõ Ýóåúãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍóÊøóì íóÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó ÚóÕóãõæÇ ãöäøöí ÏöãóÇÁóåõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ» " (5) .
ÝóÚõãóÑõ æóÇÝóÞó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÃóÞóÑøó ÃõæáóÆößó ÈöÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåöãú ãöäúåóÇ (6) ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÓúÈó áóåõãú
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/75 - 76
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ Ýöí (ä) ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö æóÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö.
(3) ã: ÝóÚóáöãúÊõ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/75 - 76¡ 2/121¡ 5/346 æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãõØóæøóáóÉõ Ýóåöíó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/15¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/51 - 52
(5) ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ãóÚó ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ÃõÎúÑóì áöÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÌóÇÈöÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/10¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/53
(6) ä¡ ã: ãöäúåõãú.(6/348)
ÐõÑøöíøóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÈöÓó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÍóÈúÓñ áóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. ÝóßóíúÝó íóãõæÊõ æóåõãú Ýöí ÍóÈúÓöåö¿ (1) .
æóÃóæøóáõ ÍóÈúÓò ÇÊøõÎöÐó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÇÔúÊóÑóì ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäó ÃõãóíøóÉó ÏóÇÑóåõ¡ æóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÍóÈúÓðÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó. æóáóßöäú ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÓóÈóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò äöÓóÇÁóåõãú æóÐóÑóÇÑöíåöãú¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÃóÚóÇÏó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåöãú. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚó áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäó ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÓóÈúíöåöãú áóßöäú ÑóÏøó Åöáóíúåöãú ÓóÈúíóåõãú ßóãóÇ ÑóÏøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì åóæóÇÒöäó ÓóÈúíóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÓøóãóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýóãóäú ØóÇÈóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö æóÅöáøóÇ ÚóæøóÖóåõ (2) ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö áóãøóÇ ÃóÊóì Ãóåúáõåõãú ãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ ÑóÏøó Ðóáößó Åöáóíúåöãú.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö ßóÇäó (3) ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõãóßøóäõæäó ãöäú ÑõßõæÈö ÇáúÎóíúáö æóáóÇ Íóãúáö ÇáÓøöáóÇÍö Èóáú íõÊúÑóßõæäó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÃóÐúäóÇÈó ÇáúÈóÞóÑö ÍóÊøóì íõÑöíó Çááøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍõÓúäó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåöãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áöÚõãóÑó ÍõÓúäõ ÅöÓúáóÇãöåöãú ÑóÏøó Ðóáößó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ.
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáÓÇÈÚ Ýí äÕ ÃÈí ÈßÑ Úáì ÚãÑ Ýí ÇáÎáÇÝÉ]
æóÞóæúáõåõ (4) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (5) ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ýöí ÊóäúÕöíÕö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö (6) Ýóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: " æóáøóíúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóÙøðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ ".
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(1) Ãóíú: ßóíúÝó íóãõæÊõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÒóÚóãó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÍúÈõæÓöíäó¡ ãóÇ ÒóÇáõæÇ Ýöí ÍóÈúÓöåö.¿
(2) ä: ÚóæøóÏóåõ.
(3) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáúÍöáøöíøö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) (Õ 143) (ã) .
(5) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(6) ß: ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö.(6/349)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÌóÚúáó (1) ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÞóÏú ØóÚóäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÑöËóÉó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÇÈúäöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò íóØúÚóäõ Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöíåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó áóåóÇ ßóÇäó ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÞóÏú ÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÔóÏøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ [áöÚõãóÑó] (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ØóÚóäõæÇ Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÒóíúÏò æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Úóäú ØóÚúäöåöãú ØóÇÚóÉð áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
[ÞÇá ÇáÑÇÝÖí ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáËÇãä Ýí ÅãÑÉ ÇáÔæÑì]
æóÞóæúáõåõ (3) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (4) ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ýöí ÅöãúÑóÉö (5) ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Úóáóì ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÞúáö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝú ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóßöäú ÈóÞöíó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóÇ íóÚúÏöáõæäó ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÔóÇæóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÚóÐóÇÑóì Ýöí ÎõÏõæÑöåöäøó. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÃóÍóÏò ßóÑóÇåóÉñ¡ áóãú íóäúÞõáú - Ãóæú ÞóÇáó - ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú ÅöáóíúäóÇ.
ÝóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íóÌúÑöí Ýöí ãöËúáö (6) åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö. æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÔóÇæóÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú ßóáóÇãò¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÌóÒúãõ ÈöÐóáößó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÍóÒúÑö.
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(1) Åöäøó ÌóÚúáó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " Åöäøó " ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö.
(2) áöÚõãóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ãóíö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) Õ 144 (ã) .
(4) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) ß: Ýöí ÃóãúÑö.
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íóÌúÑöí Ýöí ãöËúáö " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/350)
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ äóÞúáðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøó ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÇáóÊú: æóáøõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: ãöäøóÇ ÃóãöíÑñ æóãöäúßõãú ÃóãöíÑñ¡ æóáóæú æõÌöÏó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó áóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó äöÒóÇÚõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉò ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÝóÇáúãõÏøóÚöí áöÐóáößó ãõÝúÊóÑò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: " áóãú íóÊøóÝöÞö ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉò ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ".
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ (1) æóáøóÇåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÔóÇæõÑöåöãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò æóåõãú ãõÄúÊóáöÝõæäó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó ãõÊóÍóÇÈøõæäó ãõÊóæóÇÏøõæäó ãõÚúÊóÕöãõæäó ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÙúåóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÃóÙúåóÑó Èöåöãú (2) ãóÇ ÈóÚóËó Èöåö äóÈöíøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóäóÕóÑóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÝóÊóÍó Èöåöãú ÈöáóÇÏó ÇáÔøóÇãö æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÈóÚúÖó ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó.
Ýóáóãú íóÚúÏöáõæÇ ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÐóáößó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÇÔúÊóÑóØó Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó (3) ÓöíÑóÉó ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö Ýóáóãú íõÌöÈú ÅöãøóÇ áöÚóÌúÒöåö Úóäú ãöËúáö ÓöíÑóÊöåöãóÇ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÌöÈò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÇÔúÊóÑóØó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò (4) ÓöíÑóÉó ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ áöÅöãúßóÇäö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãóÇ Ãóæú ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÞúáöíÏöåöãóÇ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ [ÈóÇØöáñ] (5) áóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ËóÇÈöÊñ¡
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(1) æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ä¡ È: æóÃóÙúåóÑóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ã: Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ÈóÇØöáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ Ýöí (ä) : ËóÇÈöÊñ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/351)
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáäøóÞúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÈóÞöíó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò áóãú íóÛúÊóãöÖú Ýöí áóíóÇáöíåóÇ ÈößóËöíÑö äóæúãò¡ Ýöí ßõáøö Ðóáößó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÑóåõãú íóÚúÏöáõæäó ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ Èóáú ÑóÃóæúåõ ÃóÍóÞøó æóÃóÔúÈóåó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóÏúáó ÝóÞóÇáó áößõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ: " Çááøóåó Úóáóíúßó Åöäú æóáøóíúÊõßó áóÊóÚúÏöáóäøó¡ æóÅöäú æóáøóíúÊõ Úóáóíúßó áóÊóÓúãóÚóäøó æóáóÊõØöíÚóäøó " ÝóíóÞõæáõ: " äóÚóãú " (1) .
ÝóÔóÑóØó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí ÇáúÚóÏúáó æóÚóáóì ÇáúãõÊóæóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóãúÚó æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉó æóåóÐóÇ Íõßúãõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ãÒÇÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úä ÇÎÊáÇÝÇÊ ßËíÑÉ æÞÚÊ ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (2) : æóæóÞóÚóÊö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝóÇÊñ (3) ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõåõ ÇáúÍóßóãó Èúäó ÃõãóíøóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ØóÑóÏóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóÇäó íõÓóãøóì ØóÑöíÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÔúÝóÚõ Åöáóì (4) ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóíøóÇãó ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈóÇåõ (5) Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ãõÞóÇãöåö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÝóÑúÓóÎðÇ ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Åöäú ÌóÚúáóåõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ ÌõÚöáó ßõáøóãóÇ Íóßóãó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ÈöÍõßúãò æóäóÇÒóÚóåõ Ýöíåö Þóæúãñ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÐößúÑõßó (6) áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÈóíúÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/61 - 62.
(2) æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ Ýöí (ß) Õ 144 (ã) .
(3) ß: ÇÎúÊöáóÇáóÇÊñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÔúÝóÚõ Åöáóì¡ ß: ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊóÔóÝøóÚó Åöáóì.
(5) ß: ÝóãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈóÇ.
(6) ä¡ È: ÐößúÑõ Ðóáößó.(6/352)
æóÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÃóÕóÍøó æóÃóäúÝóÚó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ËóÇÈöÊñ ãóäúÞõæáñ ÚöäúÏó [Ãóåúáö] (1) ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ íóäúÊóÝöÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÐößúÑöåö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö Ýöíåö. æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ßõáøöíøò íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú ÊóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåóÇ ÌõÒúÆöíøóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÌúÚóáõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÎöáóÇÝò íóÊóäóÇÙóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ.
åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ (2) ¡ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ØóÑóÏóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóßóÇäó íõÓóãøóì ØóÑöíÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÔúÝóÚó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóíøóÇãó ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåöãóÇ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈóÇåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóäøó ÚõãóÑó äóÝóÇåõ ãöäú ãõÞóÇãöåö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÝóÑúÓóÎðÇ. Ýóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáó Ðóáößó¿ æóÃóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ¿ æóãóÊóì ÐóåóÈó åóÐóÇ Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¿ æóãóÇ ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áöäóÝúíöåö Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÏúÚõæäóåõ ÈöÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóåöíó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãöäó Çáúíóãóäö¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áöäóÝúíöåö ÈóÚúÏó ËõÈõæÊöåö (3) Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¿ .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó äóÝúíó ÇáúÍóßóãö ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóäúÝöåö Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÐóåóÈó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö. æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøóåõ äóÝóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ÈößóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö æóÓóÈóÈöåóÇ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíãóäú íóÌöÈõ äóÝúíõåõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ
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(1) Ãóåúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä: ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ ã: åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ßóËöíÑñ.
(3) ä: ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò¡ ã: ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/353)
ÇáäøóÝúíó ÇáÏøóÇÆöãó¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ãöäú ÐóäúÈò íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáäøóÝúíó ÅöáøóÇ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉó Åöáóì æóØóäöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÝúíó ÅöãøóÇ ãõÄóÞøóÊñ¡ ßóäóÝöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí ÇáúÈößúÑö ÚöäúÏó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÚóÇÏõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÓøóäóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äóÝúíñ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ ßóäóÝöí ÇáúãõÎóäøóËö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõäúÝóì (1) Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó. æóßóÐóáößó äóÝóì ÚõãóÑõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÒöíÑö ÇáúÎóãúÑö.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÐóäúÈó ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇáøóÐöí äõÝöí ãöäú ÃóÌúáöåö áóãú íóÊõÈú ãöäúåõ Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ÈöÖúÚö ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö - ãóÚó Øõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö - ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõÚóÇÏó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöåóÌúÑö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÎõáøöÝõæÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó áóíúáóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóáøóãóåõãõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó.
æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - äóÝóì ÕõÈóíúÛó Èúäó ÚóÓóáò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøó áóãøóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ÊóÃúæöíáöåö¡ æóÖóÑóÈóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöåóÌúÑöåö ÓóäóÉð ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÇÈó ÃóãóÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈößóáóÇãöåö (2) .
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(1) È: ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÈúÞóì.
(2) ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " Õ [0 - 9] 08 - 110 ÎóÈóÑó ÕõÈóíúÛö Èúäö ÚóÓóáò ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÎóÈóÑóåõ ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò ÃóÓúäóÏóåóÇ Åöáóì ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö 6/385 äóÞúáðÇ Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó áöáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐóíúäö Úóáöíøò æóäóÇÌöí ØóäúØóÇæöíøö Õ 224 - 225 (Ø. ÏöãóÔúÞó) ¡ 1379 1959 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 1/54 - 56 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäú åóÇÈó ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ æóßóÑöåó ÇáÊøóäóØøõÚó æóÇáÊøóÈóÏøõÚó) ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " Õóæúäö ÇáúãóäúØöÞö " 1/50 - 51 æóÇáúÂÌõÑøöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö Õ [0 - 9] 3 - 74 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÏóÑúÁó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö 7/172¡ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉó 1/258(6/354)
æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóÇÚöíó Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó íõÄóÌøóáõ ÓóäóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÌøóáó ÚõãóÑõ ÕõÈóíúÛðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó¡ æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ãóÚó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÕóáóÇÍó ÇáúÚóãóáö ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö.
Ëõãøó áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáäøóÝúíó ÇáÏøóÇÆöãó¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÉõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏðÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí ÑóÏøöåö¡ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÃóÌúÑñ ãóÛúÝõæÑñ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÐóäúÈðÇ áóåõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÛõÝúÑóÇäóåõ.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÒæÌ ãÑæÇä Èä ÇáÍßã æÓáãå ÎãÓ ÛäÇÆã ÅÝÑíÞíÉ]
æóÞóæúáõåõ (1) : " æóãöäúåóÇ äóÝúíõåõ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉö (2) ¡ æóÊóÒúæöíÌõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäó Èúäó ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇÈúäóÊóåõ¡ æóÊóÓúáöíãõåõ ÎõãõÓó ÛóäóÇÆöãó ÅöÝúÑöíÞöíøóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóÊú ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÒúæöíÌõåõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇÈúäóÊóåõ ÝóÃóíøõ ÔóíúÁò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ¿ .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÚúØóÇÄõåõ ÎõãõÓó ÛóäóÇÆöãó ÅöÝúÑöíÞöíøóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóÊú ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáó Ðóáößó¿ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó (3) Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÃóáúÝó ÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò " æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Ãóäøó ÎõãõÓó ÅöÝúÑöíÞöíóÉó áóãú íóÈúáõÛú Ðóáößó.
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(1) Ãóíö: ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ýöí (ß) Õ 144 (ã) .
(2) ä: ÇáÑøóäúÏóåú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö 2/749 (Ø. ÝóáóæúÌóáó) : æóÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉõ ãöäú ÞõÑóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóãúíóÇáò ÞóÑöíÈóÉò ãöäú ÐóÇÊö ÚöÑúÞò Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÍóáúÊó ãöäú ÝóíúÏó ÊõÑöíÏõ ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÞóÈúÑõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÇÓúãõåõ ÌõäúÏõÈõ Èúäõ ÌõäóÇÏóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãõÛóÇÖöÈðÇ áöÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö 32
(3) È: æóÊóÞóÏøóãó.(6/355)
æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íõæóÇáöíåöãú æóíõÚúØöíåöãú ÃóãúæóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð. æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí Êóßóáøóãó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóäóÇ (1) áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ¡ æóÞóÇÊóáó æóÞóÊóáó ÎóáúÞðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ (2) ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ æóíóÕõæãõæäó æóíõÕóáøõæäó (3) . áóßöäú ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞöÊóÇáõåõ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí Êóßóáøóãó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ ÛóÑóÖó áóåõãú.
æóÃóãúÑõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö ÃóÎúØóÑõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóÇáÔøóÑøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ÇáÔøóÑøö ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó ÈöÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÊóæóáøóì ÚóáöíøðÇ æóäõÍöÈøõåõ æóäóÐúßõÑõ ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö (4) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÑóì Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóáóÇãö ãöãøóÇ ÌóÑóì Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÌóÑóì Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ãóÇ áóãú íóÌúÑö ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÝóáóÃóäú (5) äóÊóæóáøóì ÚõËúãóÇäó æóäõÍöÈøóåõ¡ æóäóÐúßõÑó ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ (6) ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö Ýóáóåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ãóÂÎöÐó: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇãöáñ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúÚóÇãöáõ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ãóÚó ÇáúÛöäóì.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóÇ.
(2) ßóËöíÑðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÕóáøõæÇ.
(4) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö.
(5) È: ÃóÝóáóÇ.
(6) ä: æóäóÐúßõÑó ãóäú Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ã: æóäóÐúßõÑõ ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóáóì ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö.(6/356)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì (1) åõãú Ðóæõæ ÞõÑúÈóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈöíáóÉð ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ áóíúÓõæÇ ãöËúáó ÞóÈöíáóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÝóßóÇäó íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÅöÚúØóÇÆöåöãú æóæöáóÇíóÊöåöãú¡ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÍóÇÌóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Åöáóì ÊóæóáøöíÉö ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãóÇ æóÅöÚúØóÇÆöåöãóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÏøóÚöí ÚöÕúãóÉð Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó - áóåõãú ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõæäó ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú Ðóáößó ÌóÒóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó - áöíõßóÝøöÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÓúæóÃó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóãöáõæÇ æóíóÌúÒöíóåõãú ÃóÌúÑóåõãú ÈöÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 33¡ 35] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÍúÓóäó ãóÇ ÚóãöáõæÇ æóäóÊóÌÇæóÒõ Úóäú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåöãú Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÚúÏó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäõæÇ íõæÚóÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 16] .
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÒÚã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚËãÇä Âæì ÇÈä ÃÈí ÓÑÍ ææáÇå ãÕÑ ÈÚÏ Ãä ÃåÏÑ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã Ïãå]
æóÞóæúáõåõ (2) : " æóãöäúåóÇ ÅöíæóÇÄõåõ (3) ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóåúÏóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ïóãóåõ¡ æóÊóæúáöíóÊõåõ ãöÕúÑó¡ " (4) .
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (5) : Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú ãõåúÏóÑó ÇáÏøóãö ÍóÊøóì æóáøóÇåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ßóãóÇ
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(1) ä: ÇáËøóÇäöí Ðöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ ã: ÇáËøóÇäöí Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì.
(2) Ãóíö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ Ýöí (ß) Õ 144 (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÅöíæóÇåõ¡ ß: ÅöíæóÇÆõåõ.
(4) ß:. . . . ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÊóæúáöíóÊõåõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÍúÏóËó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËó.
(5) È: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.(6/357)
íõÝúåóãõ ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö. ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÝúÑöØñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÓöíÑóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßõáøóåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÚóÇãö [ÝóÊúÍö] ãóßøóÉó (1) ¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóåúÏóÑó Ïóãó ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ ÃóÊóì ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÏó ãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÍóÞóäó Ïóãóåõ¡ æóÕóÇÑó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¡ áóåõ ãóÇ áóåõãú¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö [ÇáäøóÇÓö] ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉð áöáäøóÈöíøö (2) Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóÓúáóãó æóÍóÓõäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóåúÏóÑó Ïóãóåõ ßóãóÇ ÃóåúÏóÑó ÏöãóÇÁó Þóæúãò ÈöÛöáóÙö ßõÝúÑöåöãú ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÑöÏøóÉò ãõÛóáøóÙóÉò¡ ßóãóÞöíÓö Èúäö ÕõÈóÇÈóÉó.
«æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈðÇ áöáúæóÍúíö ÝóÇÑúÊóÏøó¡ æóÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÃóåúÏóÑó Ïóãóåõ¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Èöåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÚóÝóÇ Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÈóÇíöÚú ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö. ÝóÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäúåõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÇíóÚóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóãóÇ Ýöíßõãú ÑóÌõáñ ÑóÔöíÏñ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóíøó æóÞóÏú ÃóÚúÑóÖúÊõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÖúÑöÈó ÚõäõÞóåõ¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö åóáøóÇ ÃóæúãóÖúÊó Åöáóíøó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöäóÈöíøò Ãóäøó Êóßõæäó áóåõ ÎóÇÆöäóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúíõäö» " (3) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÚóÇãö ãóßøóÉó.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãóäú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . ÅöáóÎú. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÑøóÊóíúäö: 3/79 - 80 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÞóÊúáö ÇáúÃóÓöíÑö æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÖõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ 4/183 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöíãóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 7/97 - 98 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÏøóãö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøö) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 2/307¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöäóÈöíøò. . . ÅöáóÎú.(6/358)
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÍóÓõäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúáóãú ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÏóÇæóÉõ ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÚóÏóÇæóÊöåö¡ ãöËúáõ ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÓõåóíúáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÐóåóÈó Ðóáößó ßõáøõåõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÚóÓóì Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó Èóíúäóßõãú æóÈóíúäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÇÏóíúÊõãú ãöäúåõãú ãóæóÏøóÉð æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏöíÑñ æóÇááøóåõ ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 7] ÝóÌóÚóáó Èóíúäó ÃõæáóÆößó æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóæóÏøóÉð ÊóÌõÈøõ (1) Êöáúßó ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉó æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏöíÑñ Úóáóì ÊóÞúáöíÈö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö æóåõæó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ¡ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏøóáõæåõ (2) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóíóÚúÝõæ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóíóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚãÇá ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (3) : " ßóÇäó ÚóÇãöáõ ÌõäõæÏöåö (4) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÚóÇãöáó ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÚóÇãöáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö (5) ¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó ÚóÇãöáõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóãøóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÝóæóáøóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÃóÎõæåõ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ãóßóÇäóåõ¡ Ëõãøó æóáøóÇåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇáÔøóÇãó ßõáøóåõ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÓöíÑóÊõåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÊóÍöÊøõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä¡ È: ÈóÐóáõæåõ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) Ãóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) Õ 144 (ã) .
(4) ß: æóßóÇäó ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ ÌõäõæÏöåö.
(5) ß: æóÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÚóÇãöáó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö.(6/359)
Ýöí (1) Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÇãö ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáÓøöíóÑö (2) ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÍóÈøóÉð áóåõ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÎöíóÇÑõ ÃóÆöãøóÊößõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóßõãú¡ æóÊõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú æóíõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúßõãú» " (3) .
æóßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÊõÍöÈøõåõ ÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ æóÊóÏúÚõæ áóåõ æóåõæó íõÍöÈøõåóÇ æóíóÏúÚõæ áóåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóæúáöíóÊõåõ áöÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóÔúßõæäó (4) ãöäú æõáóÇÊöåöãú. æóáöíó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ¡ æóÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ íóÇÓöÑò æóÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÔõÚúÈóÉó æóåõãú íóÔúßõæäó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÓöíóÑõåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÔúßõæäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó æóÞóÏú Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ æóÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÇáÎáÇÝ ÇáÊÇÓÚ ÇáÐí ÐßÑå ÇáÔåÑÓÊÇäí]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ (5) : " ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ (6) ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ýöí Òóãóäö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ (7) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóíúåö æóÚóÞúÏö (8) ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö áóåõ¡ ÝóÃóæøóáðÇ ÎõÑõæÌõ ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó Íóãúáõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ Ëõãøó äóÕúÈõ
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(1) È: Åöáóì¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä: ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/116
(4) È: ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÔúßõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö Ýöí (ß) (Õ 144) (ã) 145 (ã) .
(6) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(7) ß: Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ä¡ È: æóÚóåúÏö.(6/360)
ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ãóÚóåõ (1) ¡ æóíõÚúÑóÝõ Ðóáößó ÈöÍóÑúÈö ÇáúÌóãóáö¡ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó (2) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÍóÑúÈõ ÕöÝøöíäó¡ æóãõÛóÇÏóÑóÉõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÔøõÑóÇÉö (3) ÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó ÈöÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäö. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö (4) æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ Úóáóíúåö (5) ¡ ãöËúáõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóãöÓúÚóÑö Èúäö ÝóÏóßöíøò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö (6) ¡ æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö (7) æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÙóåóÑó Ýöí Òóãóäöåö (8) ÇáúÛõáóÇÉõ ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóÈóÃò. æóãöäó ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÊóíúäö ÇÈúÊóÏóÃóÊö ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉõ æóÇáúÈöÏóÚõ (9) ¡ æóÕóÏóÞó Ýöíåö Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «íóåúáóßõ Ýöíßó ÇËúäóÇäö: ãõÍöÈøñ ÛóÇáò æóãõÈúÛöÖñ ÞóÇáò» .
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(1) ß: ãóÚóåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.
(2) ß: Èóíúäóåõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - æóÈóíúäó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáÓøõÑóÇÉö.
(4) ä: ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ã: ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ß: ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö.
(5) Úóáóíúåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóãóÓúÚõæÏö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö¡ ß: ãóÓúÚõæÏö Èúäö ãõÐóßøðì ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö¡ Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/33 ãóÓúÚõæÏö Èúäö ÝóÏóßöíøò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö¡ æóßõáøõåõ ÎóØóÃõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ãöäú ãóæúÖöÚò ÇäúÙõÑú ãóËóáðÇ 5/11¡ 49¡ 51¡ 55¡ 76¡ 77 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáØøöæóÇáó áöáÏøöíäóæóÑöíøö (Ø. ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö) 1960 (Õ 191)
(7) ä¡ ã: ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍöÕúäò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö¡ È: íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö¡ ß: íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúÍõÕóíúäö ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáØøöæóÇáö¡ (Õ 202) - 204¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ åõæó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ãöäú ãóæúÖöÚò ÇäúÙõÑú ãóËóáðÇ 5/49¡ 51¡ 75 - 77¡ 85
(8) ß: Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.
(9) ß: æóãöäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÇÈúÊóÏóÊö ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉõ æóÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉõ.(6/361)
ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ÈöÚóíúäö ÇáúÅöäúÕóÇÝö Åöáóì ßóáóÇãö åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ åóáú ÎóÑóÌó ãõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö (1) Úóäö ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö Ãóæú ÊóÚóÏøóÇåõãú¿ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ÊóÍóÇãõáõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚóåõãú Ïõæäó ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú. æóáóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó (2) : " æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÚó Úóáöíøò æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö " (3) æóÇáäøóÇÞöáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÛóÑóÖó áóåõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÍúßöíó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÈöÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúØöíó ßõáøó Ðöí ÍóÞøö ÍóÞøóåõ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ßóÇäó ãóÚó Úóáöíøò æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÊóÎúÕöíÕõåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ïõæäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÛóíúÑó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ÝóÓóÇÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó æóÞóÚó Ýöí Òóãóäö Úóáöíøò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóíúåö æóÚóÞúÏö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö áóåõ ". æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÑóÃóæúåõ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ¡ ÏóÚö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÈóÚöíÏöíäó¡ ßóÃóåúáö ÇáÔøóÇãö æóãöÕúÑó æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó.
æóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÚóÉö Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÈóíúÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáøóÊöí (4) ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ßõáøõåõãú æóáóãú íóÊóäóÇÒóÚú ÝöíåóÇ ÇËúäóÇäö¿ .
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(1) ä: ãõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåö¡ ã: ãöäú ÍõÈøö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö.
(2) Ãóíö ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/33
(3) äóÕøõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÚóåõ.
(4) ä: ÇáøóÐöí.(6/362)
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÖö ÈöÇáØøóÚúäö Úóáóì ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó áóåõãú ÚõÐúÑðÇ æóáóÇ ÑõÌõæÚðÇ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó áóãú íóßõæäóÇ ÞóÇÕöÏóíúäö ÞöÊóÇáó Úóáöíøò ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð. æóßóÐóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÕúÏõåõãú ÞöÊóÇáõåõ æóßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÕúÏõåõ ÞöÊóÇáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóáóßöäøó ÍóÑúÈó ÇáúÌóãóáö ÌóÑóì (1) ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö æóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÕóÇáóÍóÉö (2) æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö Úóáóì ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÊóæóÇØóÃóÊö ÇáúÞóÊóáóÉõ Úóáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÂÎöÑðÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÞóÇãõæåóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóÍóãóáõæÇ Úóáóì ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåöãóÇ ÝóÍóãóáõæÇ ÏóÝúÚðÇ Úóäúåõãú æóÃóÔúÚóÑõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÍóãóáóÇ Úóáóíúåö (3) ¡ ÝóÍóãóáó Úóáöíøñ ÏóÝúÚðÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÞóÕúÏõåõ ÏóÝúÚó ÇáÕøöíóÇáö áóÇ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
åóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÓøöíóÑö. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÞóÏú ÌóÑóì Úóáóì æóÌúåò áóÇ ãóáóÇãó Ýöíåö ÝóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó (4) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÎóØóÃñ Ãóæú ÐóäúÈñ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ãóæú ßöáóíúåöãóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó æóÍöÒúÈöåö ÇáúãõÝúáöÍöíäó¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö (5) .
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(1) ÌóÑóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó: ÌóÑóÊú.
(2) Ýöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáËøóáóÇËö: ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) ä: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóãóáóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ È: ÅöäøóãóÇ Íõãöáó Úóáóíúåö.
(4) ä¡ È: æóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó.
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö 7/230 - 251 æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö¡ Úóäú æóÞúÚóÉö ÇáúÌóãóáö ãóÚó ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Õ 147 - 161 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö (3) ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó¡ áöáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãóÍúãõæÏú ÔóÇßöÑú Õ 267 - 271 (Ø. ÇáúãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö) 1403 1983(6/363)
æóÞóæúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " ÇäúÙõÑú ÈöÚóíúäö ÇáúÅöäúÕóÇÝö Åöáóì ßóáóÇãö åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö (1) ¡ åóáú ÎóÑóÌó ãõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Úóäö ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö Ãóæú ÊóÚóÏøóÇåõãú¿ ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÓóÇÓõ ßõáøö ÝöÊúäóÉò æóÔóÑøò¡ æóåõãú ÞõØúÈõ ÑóÍóì ÇáúÝöÊóäö ÝóÅöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÝöÊúäóÉò ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÞóÊúáõ ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ËóáóÇËñ ãóäú äóÌóÇ ãöäúåõäøó ÝóÞóÏú äóÌóÇ: ãóæúÊöí¡ æóÞóÊúáö ÎóáöíÝóÉò ãõÖúØóåóÏò ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøò¡ æóÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö» " (2) .
æóãóäö (3) ÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÃó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúÚóÇáóãö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÝöÑóÞö ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóØøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáÑøõÔúÏö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö áóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÅöÐú íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö æóÊõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 110] .
ßóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú Ãóßúãóáõ ÇÚúÊöÕóÇãðÇ ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÇáúãõäóÒøóáõ¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãöäú äóÈöíøöåö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö. æóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö
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(1) æóåõæó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/545
(3) È: Ýóãóäö.(6/364)
ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö æóÇáÑøõÔúÏö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞö æóÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö.
æóÇÚúÊóÈöÑú Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÃõãóãö¡ ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíäó Úóäö ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ æóåõÏðì æóÑóÍúãóÉð æóÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóíúäö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ æóÈóÏøóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ ÇáúÈóÇØöáó¡ æóÚóÇÏõæÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÃóåúáóåõ.
æóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöäóÇ äóÙöíÑõ ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÊóÊøóÈöÚõäøó Óóäóäó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÍóÐúæó ÇáúÞõÐøóÉö ÈöÇáúÞõÐøóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÌõÍúÑó ÖóÈøò áóÏóÎóáúÊõãõæåõ " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¿ ÞóÇáó: " Ýóãóäö ÇáäøóÇÓõ¿» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÊóÃúÎõÐóäøó ÃõãøóÊöí ãóÃúÎóÐó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÔöÈúÑðÇ ÈöÔöÈúÑò æóÐöÑóÇÚðÇ ÈöÐöÑóÇÚò ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóÇÑöÓó æóÇáÑøõæãó¿ ÞóÇáó: " Ýóãóäö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó¿» " (2) .
áóßöäøó ÃõãøóÊóäóÇ áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ÝöíåóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ áóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú æóáóÇ ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÓóáøöØõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/628
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/102 - 103 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóÊóÊøóÈöÚõäøó Óóäóäó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: " áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÃúÎõÐó ÃõãøóÊöí ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÔöÈúÑðÇ ÈöÔöÈúÑò æóÐöÑóÇÚðÇ ÈöÐöÑóÇÚò) ÝóÞöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ßóÝóÇÑöÓó æóÇáÑøõæãö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóäö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó¿ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò.(6/365)
ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ: " «áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö áóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» " (1) . æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ: " «ÓóÃóáó ÑóÈøóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÓóáøöØó Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ (2) Ðóáößó¡ æóÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõåúáößóåõãú ÈöÓóäóÉò ÚóÇãøóÉò ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ (3) ¡ Ðóáößó æóÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáó ÈóÃúÓóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÔóÏöíÏðÇ ÝóãóäóÚóåõ Ðóáößó» " (4) .
æóãóäú ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ (5) íóÛúáöÈõ Ýöíåöãú ÍóÊøóì áóÇ ÊóÞõæãó Èöåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ãóäúÕõæÑóÉñ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ íõÓóáøóØõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóíóÌúÊóÇÍóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓõáøöØó Úóáóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÎóÑøóÈó ÈóíúÊó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ Ýóáóãú (6) íóÈúÞó áóåõãú ãõáúßñ.
æóäóÍúäõ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - áóãú íóÒóáú áöÃõãøóÊöäóÇ ÓóíúÝñ ãóäúÕõæÑñ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáó. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú äóÒóáú æóáóÇ äóÒóÇáõ. æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö ÇáúãóåúÏöíøóÉö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑóÉö åõãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúåóáõ æóÃóÙúáóãõ ØóæóÇÆöÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö.
æóÎöíóÇÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö åõãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãöäúåõãú. æóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäúåõãú ãöãøóÇ Ýöíåö äóÞúÕñ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞöíÓó Åöáóì ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßóÇäó ÞóáöíáðÇ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò. æóÅöÐóÇ ÞöíÓó ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃõãóãö
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/461
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÃóÚúØóÇåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÃóÚúØóÇåõ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 230
(5) È: ÇáúÎóáúÝõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóáóãú.(6/366)
ßóÇäó ÞóáöíáðÇ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò. æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÛúáóØõ ãóäú íóÛúáóØõ Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÞóáöíáö Ýöí ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÈóíóÇÖñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáÙøõáúãö¡ Èóáú íõæÒóäõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöäõÙóÑóÇÆöåöãú¡ ÝóíóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ æóÇáÑøõÌúÍóÇäõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÑöÍõåõ (1) ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÎúáóÞú¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó Èöåö. ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÑöÍõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÑöÍõ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóÅöäú áóãú íõÓóãøöåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ ÝóíóÞúÊóÑöÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáöãö æóÇáÔøóíúÎö æóÇáúÃóãöíÑö æóÇáúãóáößö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö Úöáúãöåö æóÏöíäöåö æóãóÍóÇÓöäöåö¡ æóßóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ íóÞúÊóÑöÍõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÎúØöÆõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò (2) ¡ æóÃóäú íóÎúÑõÌó Úóäú ÍóÏøö ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íõÞúÊóÑóÍõ Ýöíåöãú (3) ãóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÊóÑóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì äõæÍðÇ æóãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáóÇ: {áóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú ÚöäúÏöí ÎóÒóÇÆöäõ Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÛóíúÈó æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú Åöäøöí ãóáóßñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 31] ÝóíõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúÈõæÚö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èößõáøö ãóÇ íõÓúÆóáõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ íõØúáóÈõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÛóäöíøðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøóÉö ßóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍõ ãöäú æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ßóÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áöÃóÍóÏöåöãú ÐóäúÈñ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÐóäúÈñ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ãõÎóáøóÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö.
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(1) ä: ãóÇ íõÞöÑøõ Èöåö.
(2) ã: ÝóáóÇ íõÎúØöÆõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáöåö.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýöíåö.(6/367)
æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ÔóÑóÚóåõ Çááøóåõ.
ÝóÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍõ åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöíåö¡ ßóÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö ÃõæáóÆößó Úóáóíúåö Ýöíãóäú íõÑúÓöáõåõ¡ æóßóÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíãóäú íóÑúÍóãõåõ æóíóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõ.
æóÇáúÈöÏóÚõ ãõÔúÊóÞøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáò ãõÈúÊóÏóÚò ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöíåö ÔõÚúÈóÉñ ãöäú ÔõÚóÈö ÇáúßõÝúÑö.
æóßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑõæäö Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäú ÞóÑúäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãú. Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó áöáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÂËóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÊúÈóÚõ ßóÇäó Ãóßúãóáó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö æóÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æóÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö. æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÈóÚõÏó Úóäú Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÃóÏúÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö.
ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáÖøóáóÇáõ æóÇáúÛóíøõ (1) Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ØóæóÇÆöÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõ [Ýöí] ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáÑøóÔóÇÏó æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó áóíúÓó Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ØóæóÇÆöÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóäúÊóÕöÑõæäó ÅöáøóÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÎóÇÕøóÊõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÅöãóÇãõåõãõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõæäó áöÞóæúáö ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÈóÚó Þóæúáóåõ¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõåõãú äóÕúÑõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ (3) ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ Ëõãøó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö¡ Ãóæúáóì
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(1) È: æóÇáúÈóÛúíõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
(3) È: æóÅöäú.(6/368)
ÈöÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ (1) ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö Úóäö ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóÇáúÛóíøö (2) ¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ (3) Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÚóÇÞöáò¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ÌóÇåöáñ¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó ßóÇäó áóåõ ÈöÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÅöáúãóÇãñ æóÇÊøöÕóÇáñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí åóæóÇåõãú (4) ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö äóÞóáóÉö ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãõæáõæ ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö.
æóãóäú ßóÇäó Úöáúãõåõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú ãöäú ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (5) ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ÌõãúáóÉö Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö. æóãöäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÏóÚõ ßõÊõÈó ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóíóÏóÚõ ãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Èöåö ÇáäøóÞúáõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ (6) ¡ ßóÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö¡ æóÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóßõÊõÈö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí ãóäú äóÙóÑó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáöãó ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøö (7) ÖöÏøó (8) ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÃóÈúÚóÏõ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) È: æóÇáúÈóÛúíö.
(3) æóåõæó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: åóæóÇíöåöãú.
(5) ä: ÇáúßöáóÇÈö¡ ã: ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö.
(6) ä¡ È: Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåóÇ.
(7) ä¡ È: ÇáäøóÝúÓöíøö.
(8) È: ÕöÏúÞó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/369)
ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉó ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóãóÕóÇÈöíÍó ÇáÏøõÌóì¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÕúáó ßõáøö (1) ÝöÊúäóÉò æóÈóáöíøóÉò åõãõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ æó [ãóäö] ÇäúÖóæóì (2) Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÓøõíõæÝö ÇáøóÊöí ÓõáøóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåöãú¡ æóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÃóÕúáóåõãú æóãóÇÏøóÊóåõãú ãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó¡ ÇÎúÊóáóÞõæÇ ÃóßóÇÐöíÈó¡ æóÇÈúÊóÏóÚõæÇ ÂÑóÇÁð ÝóÇÓöÏóÉð¡ áöíõÝúÓöÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÒöáøõæÇ ÈöåóÇ ãóäú áóíúÓó ãóäú Ãõæáöí (3) ÇáúÃóÍúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÓóÚóæúÇ Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö Ëõãøó ÇäúÒóæóæúÇ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ áóÇ ÍõÈøðÇ Ýöíåö æóáóÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ áóßöäú áöíõÞöíãõæÇ ÓõæÞó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
Ëõãøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóÚóæúÇ ãóÚóåõ ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝøóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó æóÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ¡ æóÓóíúÝõåõãú Ãóæøóáõ ÓóíúÝò Óõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáØøóÚúäó Úóáóì (4) ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡ æóÈöåöãú ÊóÓóÊøóÑóÊö ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉõ¡ ßóÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøõÕóíúÑöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ýóåõãú ãóäúÔóÃõ ßõáøö ÝöÊúäóÉò¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ãóäúÔóÃõ ßõáøö Úöáúãò æóÕóáóÇÍò¡ æóåõÏóì æóÑóÍúãóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉó íóäúÊóÕöÑõæäó áöÃóÚúÏóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ ßóÈóäöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÙúáõæãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóíóäúÊóÕöÑõæäó áöÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÇáúãóÌõæÓöíøö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõãøó ÇÑúÖó Úóäú ÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó æóÇÍúÔõÑúäöí ãóÚóåõ. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö
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(1) ä: æóÃóäøó ßõáøó ÃóÕúáò.
(2) ä: æóÇäúÖóæóì.
(3) È: ãóäú áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÃõæáóì.
(4) ä¡ ã: Ýöí.(6/370)
ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ãöäú (1) ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊöåöãú: æóÇËóÇÑóÇÊö ÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó! ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íõÞóÏøöÑõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÕõæÑóÉó ÚõãóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈúÓö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóÈõæ áõÄúáõÄóÉó ßóÇÝöÑñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ßóÇäó ãóÌõæÓöíøðÇ ãöäú ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáäøöíÑóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäó ãóãúáõæßðÇ áöáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÕúäóÚõ ÇáúÃóÑúÍóÇÁó (2) ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÎóÑóÇÌñ áöáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÏóÑóÇåöãò¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ãóÇ Úóãöáóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÓóÈúíóåõãú íõÞúÏöãõ Åöáóì (3) ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ íóÈúÞóì (4) Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ØóáóÈó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäú íõßóáøöãó ãóæúáóÇåõ Ýöí ÎóÑóÇÌöåö¡ ÝóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú äöíøóÊöåö Ãóäú íõßóáøöãóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÊóáó ÚõãóÑó ÈõÛúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö¡ æóÍõÈøðÇ áöáúãóÌõæÓö¡ æóÇäúÊöÞóÇãðÇ áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ áöãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Èöåöãú ÚõãóÑõ Íöíäó ÝóÊóÍó ÈöáóÇÏóåõãú¡ æóÞóÊóáó ÑõÄóÓóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÞóÓøóãó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú.
ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÍóíúËõ íóÞõæáõ: " «ÅöÐóÇ åóáóßó ßöÓúÑóì ÝóáóÇ ßöÓúÑóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åóáóßó ÞóíúÕóÑõ ÝóáóÇ ÞóíúÕóÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóÊõäúÝóÞóäøó ßõäõæÒõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö» " (5) æóÚõãóÑõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÝóÞó ßõäõæÒóåõãóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö
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(1) ä: Úóäú.
(2) Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÇáÑøóÍóì ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÇáøóÊöí íõØúÍóäõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÃóÑúÍò¡ æóÃóÑúÍóÇÁñ¡ æóÑõÍöíøñ¡ æóÑöÍöíøñ¡ æóÃóÑúÍöíóÉñ¡ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉõ äóÇÏöÑóÉñ
(3) Åöáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) È: ÈóÞöíó
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/129 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ßóíúÝó ßóÇäóÊú íóãöíäõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2236 2237 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö: áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ ÍóÊøóì íóãõÑøó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈöÞóÈúÑö ÇáÑøóÌõáö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö 7184¡ 7266¡ 7472¡ 7664 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/92 - 99 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/337 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ßöÓúÑóì ÝóáóÇ ßöÓúÑóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ) .(6/371)
ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõäúÝöÞõ åóÐóíúäö ÇáúßóäúÒóíúäö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ØóÇÚóÊõåõ æóØóÇÚóÉõ ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóãóÇ íõÞóÑøöÈõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ áóãú íõäúÝöÞö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáó Ýöí ÃóåúæóÇÁö ÇáäøõÝõæÓö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÉö¡ Ýóåóáú íóäúÊóÕöÑõ áöÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ßõÝúÑðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÈõÛúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóãõÝúÑöØñ (1) Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÍóÇáó ÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó¿ .
æóÏóÚú ãóÇ íõÓúãóÚõ æóíõäúÞóáõ Úóãøóäú ÎóáóÇ¡ ÝóáúíóäúÙõÑú ßõáøõ ÚóÇÞöáò ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúÏõËõ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÞúÑõÈõ ãöäú ÒóãóÇäöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÇáÔøõÑõæÑö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÏõ ãõÚúÙóãó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóÊóÌöÏõåõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝöÊóäðÇ æóÔóÑøðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÞúÚõÏõæäó ÚóãøóÇ íõãúßöäõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÇáÔøóÑøö æóÅöíÞóÇÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÈöÇáúÚóíóÇäö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúÚóÇãøö æóãóÇ ßóÇäó (2) Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ¡ ãöäú Íöíäö ÎóÑóÌó (3) ÌöäúßöÒúÎóÇäú (4) ãóáößõ ÇáÊøõÑúßö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö.
ÝóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö æóáóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÈóÇäöí ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóáóÇ íóÕõæãõæäó ÔóåúÑó (5) ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ íóÍõÌøõæäó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÊöíÞó¡ æóáóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈößõÊõÈöåö æóÑõÓõáöåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö.
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(1) ä: æóãõÝúÑöØðÇ¡ ã: Ãóæú ãõÝúÑöØðÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóãóÇ ßóÇäó.
(3) ä: íóÎúÑõÌõ.
(4) ä: ÍöäúßóÔúÌóÇäú¡ ã: ÌöäúßóÓöíÎóÇäú.
(5) ÔóåúÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/372)
æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãóäú Ýöíåöãú æóÃóÏúíóäõ ãõÔúÑößò íóÚúÈõÏõ ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈó æóÇáúÃóæúËóÇäó æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóÇÍöÑðÇ Ãóæú ßóÇåöäðÇ¡ áóåõ ÑóÆöíøñ (1) ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö æóÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö ãóÇ åõãú Èöåö ÔóÑøñ ãöäó ÇáúßõåøóÇäö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßõæäõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈö.
ÝóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁó ãöËúáó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÚóáóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ßóÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÓóÝúßö ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö æóÓóÈúíö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇáö ÝõÑõæÌöåöäøó¡ æóÓóÈúíö ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇÓúÊöÚúÈóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåöãú Úóäú Ïöíäö Çááøóåö Åöáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóÞóÊúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÊóÚúÙöíãö ÈõíõæÊö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö - ÇáøóÊöí íõÓóãøõæäóåóÇ ÇáúÈóÐúÎóÇäóÇÊö (2) æóÇáúÈöíóÚó æóÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓó - Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö¡ æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÛóíúÑöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó (3) æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÚöÒøðÇ¡ æóÃóäúÝóÐõ ßóáöãóÉð¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÍõÑúãóÉð ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Åöáóì ÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÖóÑøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÞöÊóÇáö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ãóÇ ÌóÑóì (4) Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ßóÑóÇåóÊõåõ (5) áóåõ¡ æóÛóÖóÈõåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ßóÑóÇåóÊöåö (6) áöÇËúäóíúäö ãõÓúáöãóíúäö ÊóÞóÇÊóáóÇ Úóáóì Çáúãõáúßö¡ æóáóãú íóÓúÈö
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(1) ä: ÑóÃúíñ¡ ã: Ñöíøñ.
(2) ä: ÇáúÈóÏóÎóÇäóÇåú¡ ã: ÇáúÈóÏúÎóÇäú.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ íóÌúÑöí.
(5) ä¡ È: ßóÑóÇåöíóÊõåõ.
(6) ä¡ È: ßóÑóÇåöíóÊöåö.(6/373)
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÍóÑöíãó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ äóÝóÚó (1) ßóÇÝöÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈúØóáó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÔóÑóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö¡ æóÔóÚóÇÆöÑöåö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö.
Ëõãøó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ íõÚóÇæöäõæäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó¡ æóíóäúÕõÑõæäóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÔóÇåóÏóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ (2) ¡ áóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó åõæáóÇßõæ ãóáößõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáÊøõÑúßö ÇáÔøóÇãó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóÎóãúÓöíäó æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö ÈöÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö æóÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÍóáóÈó æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ¡ æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÏöãóÔúÞó æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóäúÕóÇÑðÇ æóÃóÚúæóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ãõáúßöåö¡ æóÊóäúÝöíÐö ÃóãúÑöåö Ýöí ÒóæóÇáö ãõáúßö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóåóßóÐóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ - ÚóÇãøóÉð æóÎóÇÕøóÉð - ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó åõæáóÇßõæ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóÞóÊóáó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó¡ æóÓóÝóßó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÒöíÑõ ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóáúÞóãöíøö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ åõãú ÈöØóÇäóÊõåõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÚóÇäõæåõ (3) Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÈóÇØöäóÉò æóÙóÇåöÑóÉò¡ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåóÇ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ÌöäúßöÒúÎóÇäú (4) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõãõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈöÓóæóÇÍöáö ÇáÔøóÇãö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì åóæóÇåõãú ãóÚó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ íóäúÕõÑõæäóåõãú ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ æóíóßúÑóåõæäó ÝóÊúÍó ãóÏóÇÆöäöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÑöåõæÇ ÝóÊúÍó ÚóßøóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóíóÎúÊóÇÑõæäó ÅöÏóÇáóÊóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÇäúßóÓóÑó
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(1) ã: æóáóÇ ÑóÝóÚó.
(2) ã: ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÔóÇåóÏóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóáóßó¡ ä: ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÔóÇåóÏóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóáóßó¡ È. . . . . ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÔóÇåöÏóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) È: ÚóÇæóäõæåõ.
(4) ä: ÌöäúßöÔúäöÎóÇäú¡ ã: ÌöäúßöÔöíÍóÇäú.(6/374)
ÚóÓúßóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÓóäóÉó ÛóÇÒóÇäó¡ ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÎóáóÊö ÇáÔøóÇãõ ãöäú ÌóíúÔö [ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó] (1) ¡ ÚóÇËõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö¡ æóÓóÚóæúÇ Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóÍóãúáö ÑóÇíóÉö ÇáÕøóáöíÈö¡ æóÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÍóãúáö ÇáÓøóÈúíö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáÓøöáóÇÍö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö ÈöÞõÈúÑõÓó æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ - æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ - ÞóÏú ÚóÇíóäóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóãú íõÚóÇíöäúåõ. æóáóæú ÐóßóÑúÊõ ÃóäóÇ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ æóÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ãöäú ÂËóÇÑö Ðóáößó áóØóÇáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ æóÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöí ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ðóáößó æóÊóÝóÇÕöíáöåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõåõ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ãóÔúåõæÏñ ãöäú ãõÚóÇæóäóÊöåöãú áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóãöäó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåöãú áöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÃóåúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÙóáóãóÉñ ÝóÓóÞóÉñ¡ æóãõÙúåöÑõæäó áöÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÓóÈøö Úóáöíøò æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÎóíúÑö ÇáúÎóíúÑóíúäö æóÔóÑøö ÇáÔøóÑøóíúäö.
ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõÚóÇæöäõæäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó Úóáóì Ïöíäöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõæäó ÙõåõæÑó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÃóåúáöåö Úóáóì ÙõåõæÑö ÈöÏúÚóÉò Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¿ .
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóãóßøóäõæÇ áóÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó. æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áóåõãú Ýöí ÏóæúáóÉö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö ÎóÏóÇÈóäúÏóÇ (2) ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäøóÝó áóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ßóíúÝó ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóæú ÏóÇãó æóÞóæöíó ÃóÈúØóáõæÇ Èöåö ÚóÇãøóÉó ÔóÑóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö! áóßöäú íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íõØúÝöÆõæÇ äõæÑó Çááøóåö ÈöÃóÝúæóÇåöåöãú¡ æóíóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÊöãøó äõæÑóåõ æóáóæú ßóÑöåó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó.
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(1) ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ã: ÍóÐóÇÈóäúÏóÇ¡ È: ÎóÏóÇÈóäúÏó.(6/375)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Ýóßõáøõ ÎóíúÑò Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Åöáóì - íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö [æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö] (1) ¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÇáäøóÌóÇÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÇäúÊöÕóÇÑöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóÚõáõæøö ßóáöãóÉö Çááøóåö - ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÈóÑóßóÉö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóáøóÛõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó¡ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö.
æóßõáøõ ãõÄúãöäò Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö ÝóáöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - Úóáóíúåö ÝóÖúáñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóßõáøõ ÎóíúÑò Ýöíåö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Ýóåõæó ÈöÈóÑóßóÉö (2) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÎóíúÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÊóÈóÚñ áöÎóíúÑö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó¡ Ýóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÞúæóãó Èößõáøö ÎóíúÑò Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäúÈóÚó ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãóäúÈóÚó ÇáúÎóíúÑö¿ ! .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó íõæóÇáöí ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó æóíõÚóÇÏöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó¡ Ýóåóáú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÔóÑøö ãóäú ÃóÚúãóì Çááøóåõ ÈóÕöíÑóÊóåõ¿ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúãóì ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÊóÚúãóì ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÕøõÏõæÑö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö æóÇáúÝöÊóäö ãóÇ áóãú íõäúÞóáú ãöËúáõåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇÈóáõ Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö.
ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö ÇáúÃóæøóáõ (3) : ÃóäøóÇ áóãú äóÐúßõÑú åóÐóÇ áöáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö¡ Èóáú ÑóÏøðÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó áóãú ÊóÎúÑõÌú ÅöáøóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó. æóäóÍúäõ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÚóÇíóäóÉö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÊóäó æóÇáÔøõÑõæÑó ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉó ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÔóÇÈöåõåóÇ ÝöÊóäñ¡
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(1) æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ÈóÑóßóÉö.
(3) ä¡ ã: ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.(6/376)
ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóæóáøóÇåóÇ¡ æóíóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøóåõãú åõãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóíúÑó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõæóÇÒöíåö ÎóíúÑñ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó¡ áöäõÈóíøöäó ÚóÙöíãó ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí¡ æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóËóáõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÅöÎúæóÇäöåö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó (1) ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ßóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøöíäó (2) æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (3) ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö æóÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó ÞóÇÊöáö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú íõÚóÙøöãõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: " ÇäúÙõÑú åóáú ÙóåóÑóÊö ÇáúÝöÊóäõ (4) ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏò¿ ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: Èóáö ÇáúÝöÊóäõ (5) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊú Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó æóÅöÎúæóÇäößó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÝúÊóÑõæäó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÇáúßóÐöÈó æóíõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöíäó¡ ßóÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøöíäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö æóÊóÚúÙöíãö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö¡ æóÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáØøõæÓöíøö ÇáúãõáúÍöÏö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇßó æóÃóãúËóÇáóßó ÊõÚóÙøöãõæäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉó - ÚõáóãóÇÁóåõãú (6) æóæõáóÇÊöåöãú (7) Úóáóì ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ Ýóáóßõãú ÃóæúÝóÑõ äóÕöíÈò ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó Åöáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ äóÕöíÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇáúÌöÈúÊö æóÇáØøóÇÛõæÊö æóíóÞõæáõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóåúÏóì ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÓóÈöíáðÇ - ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÚóäóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóãóäú íóáúÚóäö Çááøóåõ Ýóáóäú ÊóÌöÏó áóåõ äóÕöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 51¡ 52] .
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(1) È: ÅöÎúæóÇäöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó.
(2) ä: ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä: æóÛóíúÑöåöãú æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ ã: æóäóÍúæöåöãú.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ.
(6) È: ÚöáúãðÇ áóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ ä¡ ã: ÚõáóãóÇÆóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(7) æóæõáóÇÊöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) æõáóÇÊöåöãú.(6/377)
ÝóÅöäøó ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈó ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøöíäó¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÏøóÚõæäó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó¡ Ãóæú íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóíúáóÓõæÝó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÚóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ äóÕöíÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ íóÞõæáõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóåúÏóì ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÓóÈöíáðÇ¡ ÝóíóÍöÞøõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: {ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÚóäóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóãóäú íóáúÚóäö Çááøóåõ Ýóáóäú ÊóÌöÏó áóåõ äóÕöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 52] .
æóãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íõÚóÙøöãõ ÇáÔøöÑúßó æóÇáÓøöÍúÑó æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäöíøóÉó¡ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇáúÌöÈúÊö æóÇáØøóÇÛõæÊö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌöÈúÊó: åõæó ÇáÓøöÍúÑõ æóÇáØøóÇÛõæÊõ: ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ æóÇáúÃóæúËóÇäõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóäøóÇ áóæú ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÎóíúÑö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö æóÔóÑøöåöãóÇ äöÓúÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ÔóÑøðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóáóÉö ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÈóáúäóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ áóãú äóÓúÊóßúËöÑú ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ áóßöäú íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóÏúáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ [æóåõæó] (1) ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈöåö æóÍõÓúäöåö.
ÝóÊóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ãöäú ÔóÑøò íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö ãóÇ åõæó
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(1) æóåõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/378)
ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÔóÑøò íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì (1) ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú ÎóíúÑò íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÎóíúÑò íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö ãóÇ åõæó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ.
æóÃõãøóåóÇÊõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö: ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóÇáÏøöíäõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉõ¡ æóÇáúßóÑóãõ. ÝóÇÚúÊóÈöÑú åóÐóÇ Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö. ÝóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóãóÚóÇäöíåö æóÚõáõæãöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÊóÚóáøóãóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóåõãú ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ãõÞóÕøöÑõæäó¡ Ýóãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ãöäúåõãú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýóãöäú ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÃúÎõÐõ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ æóÇáúãõæÓóæöíøõ ÝóãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ãöäú Úöáúãò íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ åõæó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ãóäú íõÞöÑøõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ÏóÇÎöáõæäó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó (2) Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö (3) ÈößóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÈõÍõæËõåõãõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæåõ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó íóãúÊóÇÒõæäó Èöåö åõæó ßóáóÇãõåõãú Ýöí ËóáúÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóÏóÚúæóì ÇáäøóÕøö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ åõãú Èöåö ÃóÎúáóÞõ¡ æóåõæó Èöåöãú ÃóÔúÈóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú (4) ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö: áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ æóáóÇ ãóÊúäóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃóÍúæóÇáóåõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ (5) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúíóåõæÏö.
(2) ä: íóÓúÊóÛöíËõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö.
(4) ä: ãöäú.
(5) ä: ÃóÔúíóÇÁð.(6/379)
ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö Èöåö¡ æóÃóíøõ ßöÊóÇÈò æóÌóÏõæÇ Ýöíåö ãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ åóæóÇåõãú äóÞóáõæåõ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÌöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÇ íóÌöÏõæäóåõ ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöÃóåúæóÇÆöåöãú.
æóáóæú Ãóäøóåõãú íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÇ áóåõãú æóÚóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÞõáõæäó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ãöËúáö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ æóãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö¡ æóÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó - áóÇäúÊóÕóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäúåõãú¡ áóßöäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÞõáõæÈóåõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÞúåõ Ýóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÞúåö. æóÃóÕúáõ Ïöíäöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö åöíó ãóÓóÇÆöáõ íóäúÞõáõæäóåóÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ßóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÇÈúäöåö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏò (1) æóÇÈúäóåõ ÌóÚúÝóÑó (2) Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÓóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ åóáú ËóÈóÊó ÇáäøóÞúáõ Åöáóíúåöãú Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó áóåõãú ÈöÕöäóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÞóæúáðÇ áóÇ íóØúáõÈõ Ïóáöíáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑõÏøõæäó ãóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ.
Èóáú ÞóÏú ÃóÕøóáõæÇ áóåõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃõÕõæáò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉõ.
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(1) ä: ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃð. æóÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó íóÞúÕöÏõ ÃóÈóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑó.
(2) È: æóÌóÚúÝóÑó.(6/380)
ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ áöÐóáößó áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöí Ïóáöíáò æóáóÇ ÊóÚúáöíáò¡ Èóáú ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝöÞúåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ßóÎõÑõæÌö ÇáÔøóÚúÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌöíäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ßóÇáúãõæÓóæöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ äöÒóÇÚñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ãóäú íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó¡ æóÃóÌóÇÈõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõãú ÈöãóÇ íõÌöíÈõ Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó¡ ÝóíóÙõäøõ ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ ãöäúåõãú (1) Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ãóæö ÇáúÝöÞúåö Ãóæö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (2) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇãøóÊóåõ ÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÉñ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõßóÝøöÑõåõãú æóíõÚóÇÏöíåöãú¡ æóãóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏõæÇ Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íõÓóÇæöí ãöÏóÇÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãöÏóÇÏó íóäúÝóÚõ æóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÖõÑøõ æóáóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ãöãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏõæÇ [Èöåö] (3) ÇÚúÊóãóÏõæÇ Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóáóÇãõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö æóÇáÑøóÞóÇÆöÞö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑúÊó ãóÇ Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏóÉö ÊóÌöÏúåõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöãøóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ.
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(1) ãöäúåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) È: Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö.
(3) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) ÈöåóÇ.(6/381)
[ÇáÝÕá ÇáËÇáË Ýí ÇáÃÏáÉ ÇáÏÇáÉ Úáì ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÈÚÏ ÑÓæá Çááå Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã]
[ÇáãäåÌ ÇáÃæá Ýí ÇáÃÏáÉ ÇáÚÞáíÉ]
[ÇáÃæá íÌÈ Ãä íßæä ÇáÅãÇã ãÚÕæãÇ]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (2) . ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ Ýöí (3) Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì¡ áóßöäú äóÐúßõÑõ Çáúãõåöãøó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóäõäóÙøöãõ (4) ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ãóäóÇåöÌó: ÇáúãóäúåóÌõ (5) ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÎóãúÓóÉñ: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó íóÌöÈõ (6) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ æóãóÊóì ßóÇäó Ðóáößó (7) ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ åõæó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãóÏóäöíøñ ÈöÇáØøóÈúÚö¡ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÚöíÔó ãõäúÝóÑöÏðǺ áöÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑöåö Ýöí ÈóÞóÇÆöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÃúßõáõ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ æóíóáúÈóÓõ æóíóÓúßõäõ (8) ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ (9) Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Èóáú íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ãõÓóÇÚóÏóÉö
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 145¡ (ã) 146 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö -.
(3) ß: Úóáóì.
(4) ß: æóäõäóÙøöãõåõ.
(5) ÇáúãóäúåóÌõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(6) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó åõæó Úóáöíøñ íóÌöÈõ.
(7) ß: ßóÐóáößó.
(8) ß Õ 146 ã: Åöáóì ãóÃúßóáò æóãóáúÈóÓò æóãóÓúßóäò.
(9) ä¡ ã: áóÇ íõãúßöäõ.(6/382)
ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÝúÑóÛõ (1) ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÊöãøó ÞöíóÇãõ (3) ÇáäøóæúÚö. æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ Ýöí ãóÙöäøóÉö ÇáÊøóÛóÇáõÈö æóÇáÊøóÛóÇÈõäö (4) ¡ ÈöÃóäú ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö ÞóÏú íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ãóÇ Ýöí íóÏö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÊóÏúÚõæåõ ÞõæøóÊõåõ ÇáÔøóåúæóÇäöíøóÉõ (5) Åöáóì ÃóÎúÐöåö æóÞóåúÑöåö Úóáóíúåö æóÙõáúãöåö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíõÄóÏøöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì æõÞõæÚö ÇáúåóÑúÌö æóÇáúãóÑúÌö æóÅöËóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò íóÕõÏøõåõãú Úóäö ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáÊøóÚóÏøöí¡ æóíóãúäóÚõåõãú Úóäö ÇáÊøóÛóÇáõÈö (6) æóÇáúÞóåúÑö¡ æóíõäúÕöÝõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãó (7) ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãö¡ æóíõæóÕøöáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó Åöáóì ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöåö¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøóåúæõ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÇÝúÊóÞóÑó (8) Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÂÎóÑó¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáøóÉó ÇáúãõÍúæöÌóÉó Åöáóì äóÕúÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö åöíó (9) ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÎóØóÃõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÒöãó ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóÙóÇåöÑóÉñ (10) ¡ áöÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú
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(1) ä: íóÝúÒóÚõ.
(2) ß: ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú áöãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ.
(3) ß: äöÙóÇãö.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÇáÊøóÝóÇÊõäö¡ ß: æóÇáÊøóäóÇæõÔö.
(5) ß: æóÊóÏúÚõæ ÞõæøóÊõåõ ÇáÔøóåóæöíøóÉõ.
(6) ß: ÇáúÛóáóÈóÉö.
(7) ß: æóíóäúÊóÕöÝõ áöáúãóÙúáõæãö.
(8) ß: æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó.
(9) ß: åõæó.
(10) ß: ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ.(6/383)
íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ".
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÇáãÞÏãÉ ÇáÃæáì æåí Þæáå áÇ ÈÏ ãä ÅãÇã ãÚÕæã]
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Ðóáößó: Ãóäú äóÞõæáó (1) ßöáúÊóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãóÊóíúäö ÈóÇØöáóÉñ. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò íóÕõÏøõåõãú (2) Úóäö ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáÊøóÚóÏøöí¡ æóíóãúäóÚõåõãú Úóäö ÇáÊøóÛóÇáõÈö æóÇáúÞóåúÑö¡ æóíõäúÕöÝõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãó ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãö¡ æóíõæóÕøöáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó Åöáóì ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöåö¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøóåúæõ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉõ ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: äóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ ÈöãõæÌöÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ¡ æóØóÇÚóÊõåõ æóÇÌöÈóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò Úóáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò. æóÚöáúãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÃóãúÑöåö æóäóåúíöåö ÃóÊóãøõ ãöäú Úöáúãö ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ ßóÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö æóäóåúíöåö. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöãóÇãñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ (3) ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ¡ æóãóÚúÕõæãõåõãú íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÃóÍóÏñ áóÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ æó [áóÇ] äóåúíóåõ (4) ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ (5) ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÃóãúÑó äóÈöíøóåóÇ æóäóåúíóåõ¡ Èóáú ÚöäúÏó ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Úöáúãö ÃóãúÑöåö æóäóåúíöåö [ãóÇ ÃóÛúäóÇåõãú Úóäú ßõáøö ÅöãóÇãò ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó ÞóØøõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ïöíäöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÚóÇæõäö. æóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ] (6) ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÂÍóÇÏö ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó
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(1) ä: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃõæáóÊóÇäö ÊóÞõæáõ ßöáóÇ. . . .¡ ã: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: ßõáøõ.
(2) ä: æóíóÕõÏøõåõãú.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÊóÚúáóãõ.
(4) ä: áóÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÊóÚúáóãõ.
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ãöäú (ã) .(6/384)
æõÌõæÏõåõ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóæóáøó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ãóäö ÇÏøõÚöíóÊú áóåõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö æóÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÈöãóÇÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó æóáóÇ ÚóãøóÇÐóÇ äóåóì¡ Èóáú äõæøóÇÈõåõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõæäó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ åõæó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÑóËóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÑöËõæÇ Úöáúãó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóåõãú íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ¡ æóíóÕúÏõÞõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäúåõ¡ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú Úöáúãö äõæøóÇÈö Úóáöíøò ÈöÃóãúÑöåö æóäóåúíöåö¡ æóãöäú ÕöÏúÞöåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò Íóíøò.
ÝóäóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝó áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö. ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöãóÇãñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ íõÏøóÚóì Ýöíåö (1) åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÏøóÚöí áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Èóáú ãóÝúÞõæÏñ ÛóÇÆöÈñ ÚöäúÏó ãõÊøóÈöÚöíåö¡ æóãóÚúÏõæãñ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Èóáú ãóäú æóáöíó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ ßóÇäó ÃóäúÝóÚó áóåõãú ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõãú ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö áóÇ íõæÌóÏõæäó ãõÓúÊóÚöíäöíäó Ýöí ÃõãõæÑöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú åõãú íóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó ÈößóÝõæÑò Ãóæú Ùóáõæãò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõæäó áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚú Èöåö ÃóÍóÏñ
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(1) äó: ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ äóÏøóÚöí Ýöíåö.(6/385)
ãöäúåõãú áóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõ¡ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áöÃóÍóÏò (1) Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö (2) .
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÈöäóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉñ Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúæóÓöíáóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáó áóÇ ÊõÑóÇÏõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÞóÇÕöÏöåóÇ (3) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÒóãúäóÇ ÈöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ßóÇäó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÓöíáóÉö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚúíö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì ãóäú íõØúÚöãõåõãú æóíóÓúÞöíåöãú¡ æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ ÕöÝóÊõåõ ßóÐóÇ æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÊõåõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÊöáúßó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÝúÞóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóÚúÑõæÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÅöÝúáóÇÓö.
æóÃóíøõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò Ýöí ØóáóÈö ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÚóÏóãõåõ¡ æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¿ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÔóíúÆóíúäö (4) . ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãöº áöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö æóÊóÚúáöíãöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåöº áöíõÚöíäó ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞõæøóÊöåö æóÓõáúØóÇäöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑõ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ áóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóáóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ. Èóáú ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýóåõæó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäõæÇ Èöåöãú¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäõæÇ ÈöÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ Ýóåõãú ÃóÚúÌóÒõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ æóÃóÌúåóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ãóÚó ÏóÚúæóÇåõãõ ÇÆúÊöãóÇãóåõãú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõãú áóÇ Úöáúãñ æóáóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏøóÚõæäóåõ.
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(1) áöÃóÍóÏò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ.
(3) ä: ÈöãóÞóÇÕöÏöåóÇ.
(4) ä: æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ íõÍúÊóÌõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÔóíúÆóíúäö¡ ã: æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÔóíúÆóíúäö.(6/386)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáöÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú ÌóãöíÚõ ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÍúÕõáõ áöáäøóÇÓö (1) ãöäú Úöáúãöåö æóÏöíäöåö ãöËúáõ ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäú äõÙóÑóÇÆöåö. æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÇÈúäõåõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõåõ ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò íõÚóáøöãõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãóÇ Úóáøóãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Úóáøóãóåõ ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÒóãóÇäöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäöåöãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõãú æóÃóäúÝóÚõ áöáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÚúáóãó æóÃóÏúíóäó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ (2) ãöäú Ðóæöí ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö æóÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóãóäúÚöåöãú ÈöÇáúíóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ßóÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøöíäó¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Úóáóíúåöãú Úöáúãñ ÊóÓúÊóÝöíÏõåõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõãú íóÏñ ÊóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Èöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ßóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú (3) ãöäó ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøöíäó áóåõãú ÍõÑúãóÉñ æóãóßóÇäóÉñ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ Ýöí ÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÚóæóÇãøö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Úóäúåõãú. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐú Úóäúåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úóäú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. æóáóæú æóÌóÏõæÇ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ áóÃóÎóÐõæÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ØóÇáöÈó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ (4) ßóÇäó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö äóÓóÈñ ÔóÑöíÝñ¡ ßóÇäó (5) Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÚöíäõåõ Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö
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(1) È: áöäóÇÓò.
(2) ä: Ýóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ¡ ã: Ýóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ. . . . .
(3) ä¡ ã: ßóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ.
(4) È: æóÅöäú.
(5) ä¡ È: æóßóÇäó.(6/387)
ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäúåõ. ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚóÑóÝóÊö (1) ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ áóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏóÊú ãöäúåõ¡ æóÔóÇÚó ÐößúÑõåõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäúåõ (2) ¡ ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó áóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏõæÇ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó ÐößúÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö.
æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÏö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõ Ýöí ãóÍóáøò áóãú íóØúáõÈúåõ ãöäúåõ. ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Þöíáó Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò: Åöäøóåõ ØóÈöíÈñ Ãóæú äóÍúæöíøñ¡ æóÚóÙõãó ÍóÊøóì ÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁõ Ãóæö ÇáäøõÍóÇÉõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏõæåõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãöäó ÇáØøöÈøö æóÇáäøóÍúæö ãóÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó¡ ÃóÚúÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÝóÚúåõ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö æóÊóÚúÙöíãöåöãú.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇÑõ æóÇáÊøóãúßöíäõ æóÇááøõØúÝõ¡ ÈöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ (3) ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ ãóÚó Êóãóßøõäöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáóíúäö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ æóÇÌöÈóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÃóæúÌóÈõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ áöÃóäøó ÈöåóÇ áõØúÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ íóÞöíäðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö (4) æóÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ãóÊóì ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÑóÆöíÓñ ãóåöíÈñ ãõØóÇÚñ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝñ ãõäúÈóÓöØõ ÇáúíóÏö ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÑóÆöíÓñ (5) æóÞóÚó ÇáúåóÑúÌõ æóÇáúãóÑúÌõ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÃóÈúÚóÏó¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÃóÞúÑóÈó.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáõ ãõÔúÚöÑóÉñ ÈöÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ãóÚúáõæãóÉñ áóÇ íõäúßöÑõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú Ìóåöáó
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(1) ã: ßóíúÝó ÚóÑóÝóÊö.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ãöäúåõ.
(3) È: Çáúãõãúßöäõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ä: äóÞúÕðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ã: äóÞúÕðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö.
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.(6/388)
ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö æóáóãú íóÚúáóãö ÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑó ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÑøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ áõØúÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö áóÒöãó æõÌõæÈõåõ. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÓõÄóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áõØúÝñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóÇÆöÈñ Úóäúßõãú ÝóÃóíúäó ÇááøõØúÝõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÈóÊöåö¿ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áõØúÝõåõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö æóÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈóØóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ áõØúÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÍöíäóÆöÐò íóÝúÓõÏõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
æóÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö: ÅöäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó áõØúÝó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÍóÇÕöáñ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö áöáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáÙøõåõæÑö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÇÊó ÇááøõØúÝõ áöãóäú áóãú íóÞõáú ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåö. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó áõØúÝó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áöãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÍóÕóáó áöãóäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ Èöåö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåóÐóÇ íõÓúÞöØõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáó¡ æóíõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó.
ÝóÞöíáó áóåõãú: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇááøõØúÝõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáúÛóíúÈóÉö ßóÍóÇáö ÇáÙøõåõæÑö¡ áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÛúäõæÇ Úóäú ÙõåõæÑöåö¡ æóíóÊøóÈöÚõæåõ (1) Åöáóì Ãóäú íóãõæÊõæÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ íóÐúåóÈõæäó Åöáóíúåö.
ÝóÃóÌóÇÈõæÇ ÈöÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇááøõØúÝó Ýöí ÛóíúÈóÊöåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö Èöåö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóäúÝöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÈúÚöíÏö Úóäö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöÍö ãöËúáõ ÍóÇáö ÇáÙøõåõæÑö¡ áóßöäú äõæÌöÈõ ÙõåõæÑóåõ áöÔóíúÁò ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÑóÝúÚõ ÃóíúÏöí ÇáúãõÊóÛóáøöÈöíäó Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÃóÎúÐõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóæóÖúÚõåóÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ ãöäú ÃóíúÏöí ÇáúÌóÈóÇÈöÑóÉö¡ æóÑóÝúÚõ ãóãóÇáößö ÇáÙøõáúãö (2) ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõãúßöäõäóÇ ÑóÝúÚõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞöåö (3) æóÌöåóÇÏõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑöåö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóíóÊøóÈöÚõæäóåõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáÙøóÇáöãö.
(3) Ãóíú: ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö.(6/389)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãñ ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ áõØúÝðÇ¡ åõæó ãóÇ ÔóåöÏóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ. ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ãóÊóì ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÑóÆöíÓñ ãóåöíÈñ ãõØóÇÚñ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝñ ãõäúÈóÓöØõ ÇáúíóÏö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóÇÔúÊóÑóØúÊõãú Ýöíåö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó. ÞõáúÊõãú áöÃóäøó ãóÞúÕõæÏó ÇáöÇäúÒöÌóÇÑö (1) áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ. æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö: áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ãõäúÈóÓöØó ÇáúíóÏö æóáóÇ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝðÇ.
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Êóæóáøóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÊóÕóÑøõÝõåõ æóÇäúÈöÓóÇØõåõ ÊóÕóÑøõÝó ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ æóÇäúÈöÓóÇØóåõãú æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Ýóáóãú Êóßõäú ÃóíúÏöíåöãú ãõäúÈóÓöØóÉð æóáóÇ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõæäó Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãú ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöäõÙóÑóÇÆöåö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈõ Ýóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÝó ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóÇÈó ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÎóÇÆöÝñ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáÙøõåõæÑõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóáóÇ íóäúåóÇåõ - áóãú íóÒóáú (3) ÇáúåóÑúÌõ æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ (4) ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö åóÑúÌðÇ æóÝóÓóÇÏðÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóáúÓõäö æóÇáúÃóíúÏöí¡ æóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÊóÇáö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æóÙõáúãö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú áöÈóÚúÖò ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöíãóäú áóåõãú ãõÊóæóáøò ßóÇÝöÑò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ãõÊóæóáøò ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÝóÃóíøõ áõØúÝò ÍóÕóáó áöãõÊøóÈöÚöíåö Èöåö¿ .
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(1) ä: ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÌóÇÑò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) È: ÈöäóÙóÇÆöÑöåö.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóáóãú íóÒóáú.
(4) ã: íõæÌöÈõ.(6/390)
æóÇÚúÊóÈöÑö (1) ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäó æóÇáúÞõÑóì ÇáøóÊöí íõÞöÑøõ ÃóåúáõåóÇ ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÑóì ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÞöÑøõæäó Èöåö. ÊóÌöÏú ÍóÇáó (2) åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇäúÊöÙóÇãðÇ æóÕóáóÇÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÔö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈöíÑó ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö íóÌöÏõ ÈöáóÇÏó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ áöæõÌõæÏö ÑõÄóÓóÇÆöåöãú íõÞöíãõæäó ãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÏõäúíóÇåõãú ÃóßúËóÑó ÇäúÊöÙóÇãðÇ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö (3) ÇáøóÊöí íõäúÓóÈõæäó ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ áóÇ íõÞöíãõ áóåõãú ÓóÈóÈðÇ ãöäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú.
æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝóåõãú ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö íóÎóÇÝõæäó ãóÚóåõ Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó ÝóíõÚóÇÞöÈóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÐøõäõæÈö¡ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÎóæúÝó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú æõáóÇÉö ÃõãõæÑöåöãõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó Ãóäú íõÚóÇÞöÈõæåõãú¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÎóæúÝö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö áóåõãú.
Ëõãøó ÇáÐøõäõæÈõ ÞöÓúãóÇäö: ãöäúåóÇ ÐõäõæÈñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ¡ ßóÙõáúãö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÊóÎóÇÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ (4) ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÚõÞõæÈóÉö æõáóÇÉö ÃõãõæÑöåöãú¡ ÃóÚóÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íóÎóÇÝõåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇááøõØúÝó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈõæåõ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö ÃóÕúáðÇ áöáúÚóÇÑöÝö Èöåö æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøó ÇááøõØúÝó Èöåö íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáÙøõåõæÑö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö æóÇáúæóÚúÙö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí Ðóáößó áõØúÝñ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÙøõåõæÑö.
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(1) ä: æóÇÚúÊóÏøó¡ ã: æóÇÚúÊóÏøóÇ.
(2) ÍóÇáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ÊóßóÑøóÑóÊú Ýöí (È) ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ åóßóÐóÇ¡ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇäúÊöÙóÇãðÇ æóÕóáóÇÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÔö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈöíÑó ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö íóÌöÏõ ÈöáóÇÏó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. . . . .
(4) ä: ÇáäøóÝúÓõ.(6/391)
æóÊóÔúÈöíåõåõãú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåõ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇááøõØúÝö æóÃóäøó ÇááøõØúÝó Èöåö íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúÚóÇÑöÝö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÞöíóÇÓñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Íóíøñ ÞóÇÏöÑñ¡ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóíõËöíÈõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóíóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö æóíõÚóÇÞöÈõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÛúÈóÉö æóÇáÑøóåúÈóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÏóÇÚöíóÉð Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÛúÈóÉö Ýöí ËóæóÇÈöåö¡ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö¡ æóÇáÑøóåúÈóÉö ãöäú ÚöÞóÇÈöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÕóì¡ áöÚöáúãö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÚóÇáöãñ ÞóÇÏöÑñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÑóÊú ÓõäøóÊõåõ ÈöÅöËóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõØöíÚöíäó æóÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÕöíäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔóÎúÕñ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ãóäøóåõ (1) ãóÝúÞõæÏñ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈú ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõËöÈú ÃóÍóÏðÇ Èóáú åõæó ÎóÇÆöÝñ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó æóíóäúåóì¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Êóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ Èöåö (2) ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì ÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó æóÊóÑúßö ãóÇ ÍóÙóÑó (3) ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈöÚóÌúÒöåö æóÎóæúÝöåö ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöÍö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ãóÚó Øõæáö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö æóÊóæóÇáöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóÞúÊðÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÞúÊò¡ æóåõæó áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈú ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóáóãú íõËöÈú ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
Èóáú áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÙúåóÑõ Ýöí [ßõáøö] (4) ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò ãóÑøóÉð ÝóíõÚóÇÞöÈõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇááøõØúÝö ãöËúáó ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÂÍóÇÏö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ Èóáú æóáóæú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÙúåóÑõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÔúÑö Óöäöíäó¡ Èóáú æóáóæú ÙóåóÑó Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÉö ãóÑøóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ [áóÇ] Êóßõæäõ (5) ãóäúÝóÚóÊõåõ ßóãóäúÝóÚóÉö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíäó áöáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò¡ Èóáú åóÄõáóÇÁö - ãóÚó
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(1) È: ÈöÃóäøóåõ.
(2) ä: ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ä: ãóÇ ÎóØóÑó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ßõáøö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/392)
ÐõäõæÈöåöãú æóÙõáúãöåöãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö - ÔóÑúÚõ Çááøóåö Èöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ íóÈúÐõáõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÛóÈóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö¡ ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇãõ Èöãóäú íóÙúåóÑõ ÈóÚúÏó ßõáøö ãõÏøóÉò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóãøóäú åõæó ãóÝúÞõæÏñ¡ íóÚúáóãõ ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ¡ æóÇáúãõÞöÑøõæäó Èöåö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇÌöÒñ ÎóÇÆöÝñ áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ÞóØøõ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ (1) ÂÍóÇÏõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú æõáóÇÉö ÃóãúÑöåöãú.
æóÃóíøõ åóíúÈóÉò áöåóÐóÇ¿ æóÃóíøõ ØóÇÚóÉò¡ æóÃóíøõ ÊóÕóÑøõÝò¡ æóÃóíøõ íóÏò ãõäúÈóÓöØóÉò¿ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÑóÆöíÓñ ãóåöíÈñ ãõØóÇÚñ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝñ ãõäúÈóÓöØõ ÇáúíóÏö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö.
æóãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó åóÐóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóæúãó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúãõßóÇÈóÑóÉö æóÇáÓøóÝúÓóØóÉö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇááøõØúÝó Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÚóÌúÒöåö æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö¡ ãöËúáó ÇááøõØúÝö Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÙõåõæÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉó Èöåö ãóÚó ÚóÌúÒöåö æóÎóæúÝöåö æóÝóÞúÏöåö áõØúÝñ¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ ÂãöäðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö áõØúÝñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó Çááøóåö áõØúÝñ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõßõãú: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò íóÝúÚóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó.
ÃóÊõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäøóåõ (2) áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ æóíõÞöíãó ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¿ Ãóãú íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäú íõÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ãóäú íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó¿ .
ÝóÅöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóßöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõãóßøöäúåõ æóáóãú íõÄóíøöÏúåõ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãöãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ.
(2) ä: ÃóíõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäøóåõ¡ ã: ÃóíõÑöíÏõæäó (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) Ãóäú.(6/393)
áóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÌõäúÏò ÎóáóÞóåõãú áóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÚóáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ.
Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ ãóÞúåõæÑðÇ ãóÙúáõæãðÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÕóÇÑó áóåõ ÌõäúÏñ ÞóÇãó áóåõ ÌõäúÏñ¡ ÂÎóÑõæäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì áóãú íóÊóãóßøóäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÚöäúÏóßõãú ÙóáóãóÉñ.
Ýóíóßõæäõ Çááøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóíøóÏó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÊóãóßøóäõæÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö¡ æóáóãú íõÄóíøöÏúåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÚóáó Ðóáößó.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÑóÍúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö. æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóäú íõÈóÇíöÚõæåõ æóíõÚóÇæöäõæåõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáäøóÇÓõ áóãú íóÝúÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõØöíÚöíäó Ãóæú ÚõÕóÇÉð.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ÚöäúÏóßõãú ÊóÃúíöíÏñ¡ áóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÃúíöíÏò (1) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú Ðóáößó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãóÇ Èöåö ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ¡ Èóáú ÍóÕóáó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãóÌúãõæÚõ ãóÇ Èöåö ÊóÍúÕõáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóØóÇáöÈõ¡ Èóáú ÝóÇÊó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÔõÑõæØöåóÇ¡ Ýóáöãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊõ åõæó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó¿ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÝóÇÆöÊðÇ: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÚóÌúÒö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÚóÏóãöåóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ãóæú ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿ .
æóåõæó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ áöíóÍúÕõáó Èöåö ãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞóåõ ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö¡ Èóáú ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö.
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(1) È: ÈöÇáÊøóÃúíöíÏö.(6/394)
æóåóÐóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ: ÈöÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íõÎúáóÞú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú íóÌúÑöí Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ ÌóÑóì¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó (1) æõÌõæÏõåõ áóãú íóÏúÝóÚú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: æõÌõæÏõåõ ÏóÝóÚó ßóÐóÇ. Èóáú æõÌõæÏõåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó Ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó Èöåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ¡ æóÚóÇÏóæúÇ ÔöíÚóÊóåõ¡ æóÙóáóãõæåõ æóÙóáóãõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÍóÕóáó ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó æóäóÍúæöåõãú¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäú ÊóæúáöíóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóÈóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáÔøóÑøö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåöãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð (2) ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó (* æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåöãú (3) ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ÝóãóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõæÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõÒöíáõåõ ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ßóæúäõåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó *) (4) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÑøõ áóÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑõ.
ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóßöíãö Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÔóíúÆðÇ áöíóÍúÕõáó Èöåö ÇáúÎóíúÑõ¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÔøóÑøõ áóÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑõ¿
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÑøõ ÍóÕóáó ãöäú Ùõáúãö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõ.
Þöíáó: ÝóÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóáóÞóåõ áöÏóÝúÚö Ùõáúãöåöãú¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ ÒóÇÏó Ùõáúãõåõãú¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÎóáúÞõåõ ÍößúãóÉð Èóáú ÓóÝóåðÇ¡ æóÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ßóÊóÓúáöíãö ÅöäúÓóÇäò æóáóÏóåõ Åöáóì ãóäú íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÅöÕúáóÇÍöåö¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõØöíÚõåõ Èóáú íõÝúÓöÏõåõ¡ Ýóåóáú íóÝúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ Íóßöíãñ¿
æóãöËúáó Ãóäú íóÈúäöíó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÎóÇäðÇ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö áöÊóÃúæöíó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæóÇÝöáõ¡ æóíóÚúÊóÕöãõæÇ
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(1) ã¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó.
(2) ÃóÆöãøóÉñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ã: Ãóäøóåõãú.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.(6/395)
Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÞõØøóÇÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóäóÇåõ ÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ ÍöÕúäðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞõØøóÇÚõ ãóÃúæðì áóåõãú.
æóãöËúáó ãóäú íõÚúØöí ÑóÌõáðÇ ãóÇáðÇ íõäúÝöÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛõÒóÇÉö æóÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ (1) ÅöäøóãóÇ íõäúÝöÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌóÌó ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÃõæáóÆößó íõæÌöÈõæäó Úóáóì Çááøóåö (* ÇáÕøóáóÇÍó æóÇáúÃóÕúáóÍó (2) ÃóÎóÐó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú. æóÃóÕúáõ ÃõæáóÆößó Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö *) (3) Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó Èößõáøö ãõßóáøóÝò ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍõ áóåõ Ýöí Ïöíäöåö æóÏõäúíóÇåõ¡ [æóåõæó] (4) ÃóÕúáñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÍößúãóÊöåö æóÑóÍöãóÊöåö íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÍößúãóÉò áöÎóáúÞöåö ãóÇ íõÕúáöÍõåõãú (5) Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ÝóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÑöÚóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍö - Ãóæö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóÎúÕò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö. ÝóÛóáöØõæÇ ÍóíúËõ ÔóÈøóåõæÇ Çááøóåó ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö æóíóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ åõãú ãõÔóÈøöåóÉó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ ÝóÛóáöØõæÇ (6) ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÈóíúäó ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏú (7) Êóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉð áöÝóÓóÇÏò ÚóÇãøò¡ æóãõÖóÇÏøóÉð áöÕóáóÇÍò ÚóÇãøò.
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(1) È: Ãóäú.
(2) ã: Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) æóåõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ã: íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ íõÕúáöÍõåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÛóáöØõæÇ.
(7) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/396)
æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäó áóåõ ÍößúãóÉð æóáóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉð¡ Èóáú ÚöäúÏóåõãú íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉò ãóÍúÖóÉò¡ áóÇ áóåóÇ ÍößúãóÉñ æóáóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉñ. æóÇáúÌóåúãõ Èúäõ ÕóÝúæóÇäó ÑóÃúÓõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ßóÇäó íóÎúÑõÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÈúÊóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÐúãóì æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó íóÝúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ¿ ! íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÑóÍúãóÉñ.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö æóÃõæáóÆößó Ýöí ØóÑóÝóíúäö ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáóíúäö.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö: Åöäøó Çááøóåó Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ ÑóÍöíãñ¡ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö. æóÅöäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ßóÊóÈó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö (1) ãöäó ÇáúæóÇáöÏóÉö ÈöæóáóÏöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ äóØóÞóÊú ÈöÐóáößó äõÕõæÕõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ (2) ÍöÓøðÇ æóÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó æóÇÞöÚñ ãöäúåõ ÈöÍößúãóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ æóÈöÍõßúãö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó¡ æóÍóÑøóãó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÙøõáúãó¡ áóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóáúÞó íõæÌöÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö æóíõÍóÑøöãõæäó¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÔúÈöåõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöÈõ æóíóÍúÑõãõ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ äöÚúãóÉò ãöäúåõ ÝóÖúáñ¡ æóßõáøõ äöÞúãóÉò ãöäúåõ ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóáóíúÓó áöãóÎúáõæÞò Úóáóíúåö ÍóÞøñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÍóÞøóåõ åõæó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓóÉö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ßóÊóÈó ÑóÈøõßõãú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 54] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ äóÕúÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 47] æóÐóáößó ÈöÍõßúãö æóÚúÏöåö æóÕöÏúÞöåö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÈöÍõßúãö ßöÊóÇÈöåö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ (3) Ýöíåö ÊóÝúÕöíáñ æóäöÒóÇÚñ ãóÐúßõæÑñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.
Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍö¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõãú áöÊóÚúÑöíÖóåõãú áöáËøóæóÇÈö.
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(1) È: ÈöÚöÈóÇÏö.
(2) ä¡ È: æóßóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó. . . . .¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) È: æóÐóáößó.(6/397)
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó áóåõãú: Ýóåõæó ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÑøóÖóåõ áóÇ íóäúÊóÝöÚõ ãöãøóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ áóåõ (1) ¡ Èóáú íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßóãóäú íõÚúØöí ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãóÇáðÇ áöíõäúÝöÞóåõ (2) Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÓóíúÝðÇ áöíõÞóÇÊöáó Èöåö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íõäúÝöÞõåõ Ýöí ÍóÑúÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÞöÊóÇáöåöãú.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõÊöíó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑøóØó ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö.
ÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈöÌóæóÇÈóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò.
ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö áóãú (3) íóÍúÕõáú¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ÍößúãóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÊóÝúÑöíØö ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ßóÇäó æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóåõæó ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÎúáõÞõ ãóÇ Èöåö íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ åõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈó ÈöÇáúÎóáúÞö. æóßõáøõ ÌóæóÇÈò áöáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö Ýóåõæó ÌóæóÇÈñ áöáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
æóíõÌóÇÈõæäó ÈöÃóÌúæöÈóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÊõÌöíÈõåõãú ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ¡ æóÅöäú æóÇÝóÞõæåõãú Úóáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö æóÇáÊøóÌúæöíÑö (4) ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÎóáúÞõ ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÎóáóÞó áóåõãú ãóÇ íõÛúäöíåöãú Úóäúåõ. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáñ ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡
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(1) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) È: íõäúÝöÞõåõ.
(3) È: áóÇ.
(4) È¡ ä: æóÇáÊøóÌúæöíÒö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/398)
ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ åóßóÐóÇ.
æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÞöÚö áóåõ ØõÑõÞñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ íóÞöíäöíøóÉñ ÊõÈóíøöäõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÞöÚñ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÇäúÊöÞóÇÁó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ áóÇÒöãöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæóÓöíáóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÊóÏöáøõ Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇááøóÇÒöãö ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóáúÒõæãõ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁóåõ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ áóÇÒöãöåö.
Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Âäó Ãóäú äóÞúÏóÍó Ýöí ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÌõãúáóÉð æóÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÞõæáó (1) : ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö (2) áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóæúåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí äõæøóÇÈò (3) ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö (4) ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöáóåó ÊóÌóÓøóÏó æóäóÒóáó¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÃóäúÒóáó ÇÈúäóåõ áöíõÕúáóÈó¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáÕøóáúÈõ ãöÛúÝóÑóÉð áöÐóäúÈö ÂÏóãó¡ áöíóÏúÝóÚó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÈöÐóáößó áóåõãú.
ÝóÞöíáó áóåõãú: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõåõ æóÕóáúÈõåõ æóÊóßúÐöíÈõåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáÔøóÑøö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÒöíáó ÐóäóÈðÇ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÈöÐóäúÈò åõæó ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó Ðóáößó áóãú íõÛóíøöÑö ÇáÔøóÑøó¡ Èóáú ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÝúÚóáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ áöãóÞúÕõæÏò¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÖöÏøõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¿ ! .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÏóäöíøðÇ ÈöÇáØøóÈúÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈó äóÕúÈõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ãóäú íõÞúÏóÍó Ýöí ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÌõãúáóÉð Ãóæú ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ Ãóæú íóÞõæáõ.
(2) ã: ÇáúÍößúãóÉö.
(3) äõæøóÇÈò: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) : ËóæóÇÈò¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .
(4) È: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ.(6/399)
ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö áöíõÒöíáó ÇáÙøõáúãó æóÇáÔøóÑøó Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ Ýóåóáú ÊóÞõæáõæäó (1) ¡ Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÏöíäóÉò ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÚúÕõæãñ íóÏúÝóÚõ Ùõáúãó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóãú áóÇ¿ .
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉð ÙóÇåöÑóÉð. Ýóåóáú Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚúÕõæãñ¿ æóåóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇãö ÚöäúÏó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÚúÕõæãñ¿ .
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: Èóáú äóÞõæáõ: åõæó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÏöíäóÉò æóÇÍöÏñ æóáóåõ äõæøóÇÈñ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö.
Þöíáó: Ýóßõáøõ ãóÚúÕõæãò áóåõ äõæøóÇÈñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¿
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö. Þöíáó: ÝóãóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö ÍóÇÌóÊõåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóÇÍöÏóÉð¿ .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ íóßõæäõ æóÍúÏóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿ Ãóæú ßõáøñ ãöäú äõæøóÇÈöåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ (2) ¿ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ Èöåö ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ. ÝóÅöäøó äõæøóÇÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ äõæøóÇÈó Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí äõæøóÇÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó áöÃóãöíÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóíúäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ¿
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊó: íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöíåö æóÍúÏóåõ.
Þöíáó: ÝóÇáúÈöáóÇÏõ ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÞóåúÑö äõæøóÇÈöåö Èóáú åõæó ÚóÇÌöÒñ¡ ãóÇÐóÇ íóäúÊóÝöÚõæäó ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ æóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó
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ÎóáúÝó ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóíóÍúßõãõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóíõØöíÚõæäó ÛóíúÑó ãóÚúÕõæãò (1) ¡ æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÕõæãò¿ .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÊóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó.
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ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÎúáõÞö Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó Úóäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ.
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ ÚóÇÏöáðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóäú íõæóáøõæÇ ÃóÕúáóÍó ãóäú ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö äóÞúÕñ: ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏúáöåö.
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(3) ä: áóãú íóÌõÒú.
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ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ ãóÞúåõæÑðÇ¿ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÝúÞõæÏðÇ ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ãõÎóÇØóÈóÉõ ÃóÍóÏò¿ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ¿
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÕóÏøõ ÛóíúÑöåö Úóäö ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ æóÅöäúÕóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöíÕóÇáõ ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö Åöáóíúåö ÝóÑúÚñ Úóáóì ãóäúÚö Ùõáúãöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÍóÞøöåö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ ãóÞúåõæÑðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáÙøõáúãö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁõ ÍóÞøöåö ãöäú æöáóÇíóÉò æóãóÇáò¡ áóÇ ÍóÞøó ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ãöäú ãöíÑóÇËöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ Ùõáúãò íóÏúÝóÚõ¿ æóÃóíøõ ÍóÞøò íõæóÕøöáõ¿ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ Ãóæú ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó Ýöí ÞóÑúíóÉò Ãóæú ãóÏöíäóÉò ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõæåõ¡ æóåõæó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð (1) ¡ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÏúÝóÚõ ÇáÙøõáúãó Úóäö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ Ãóæú íõæóÕøöáó ÇáúÍóÞøó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøö¿ æóãóÇ ÃóÎúáóÞó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóãú ÊóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú íóÓúãóÚõæäó Ãóæú íóÚúÞöáõæäó Åöäú åõãú ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö Èóáú åõãú ÃóÖóáøõ ÓóÈöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 44] .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäö (2) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ íõÞóÈøóÍõ (3) ãöäó Çááøóåö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö.
ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÇáÙøõáúãõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö ãõÓúÊóÍöíáñ¡ æóãóåúãóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÓóäóÉð Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö.
(2) ã: ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ.(6/402)
ÝóÚóáóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÓóäðÇ. ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: íóÍúÓõäõ ãöäúåõ ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Þóæúáõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÏúáõ æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈöåö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÊóÈó ÑóÈøõßõãú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 54] .
æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÇáÙøõáúãõ ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãöåö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: «íóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏöí Åöäøöí ÍóÑøóãúÊõ ÇáÙøõáúãó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöí¡ æóÌóÚóáúÊõåõ Èóíúäóßõãú ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÙóÇáóãõæÇ» (1) ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈñ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö. æóÚóáóì ßõáøö Þóæúáò Ýóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ áóãú íóÞóÚú ãöäúåõ Ùõáúãñ¡ æóáóãú íõÎöáøó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ãóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóåöíó áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÎóáúÞõåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóáúÞöåö æóÎóáúÞö ÃõãõæÑò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÍúÕõáó ÈöÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ Ýóåõæó áóãú íóÎúáõÞú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÈóÚúÖóåõ.
æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáöíáö æóÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ ÝóáóÒöãó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÎóáúÞõ ÇáúãõæÌöÈö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóØóÇáöÈöº æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö Ðóáößó¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÎúáõÞóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ. ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöæõÌõæÈö æõÌõæÏöåö ÈóÇØöáñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÎóáúÞöåö æóÈöØóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó áóåõ.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/136(6/403)
Þöíáó: Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ØóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉð áöáøóåö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúáõÞúåóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÎúáõÞö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð Úóáóíúåö¿ æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉð ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö¿
æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö [æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏò] ÝóáóíúÓó [ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò] ÈöæóÇÌöÈò (1) .
ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉò áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÏõæäö ÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚóÇäóåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑõ¿ ßóÇáúÌõãúÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóáúÝó ÅöãóÇãò Ãóæú ãóÚó ÚóÏóÏò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÚóÏóÏö. æóÇáúÍóÌøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóÝóÑõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÑõÝúÞóÉò íóÃúãóäõ ãóÚóåõãú¡ Ãóæú ãóÚó ãóäú íõßúÑöíåö ÏóÇÈøóÊóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõ (2) ãóÚóåõ Ðóáößó.
æóÏóÝúÚõ ÇáÙøõáúãö Úóäö ÇáúãóÙúáõæãö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóÚúæóÇäò áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóì ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÚúæóÇäó áóåõ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÈøó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÍúÕöíáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáóÉö ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóåöíó áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ãóäú íõØöíÚõåõ. æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó íõØöíÚõæäóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÎóáúÞõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåöº áöÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÈö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóÍúÏóåõ (3) .
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: íóÎúáõÞõåõ áóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö íõØöíÚõåõ.
Þöíáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ãöãøóäú íóÚúáóãõ ÚóæóÇÞöÈó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò¡ æóáóÚóáøó ãóÇ ÒöÏúÊõåõ Èóíúäó ãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö íõæóÖøöÍõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÔúÑóÍõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÊøóÇáöí ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
(2) È: ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö.
(3) æóÍúÏóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/404)
æóÞöíáó: ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÔóÑúØõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ æóÞóÏú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ãóæú ÛóÇáöÈöåóÇ Ãóæú ÌóãöíÚöåóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ¡ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇÏöáðÇ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó (* ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ãöãøóäú (1) íóÚúÏöáõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú (2) (3) ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóíóÙúáöãõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÕúáóÍóÉõ æõÌõæÏöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãóÝúÓóÏóÊöåö¡ ÎóíúÑñ ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÚúÏöáó ÈöÍóÇáò¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÝóÚó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ ãóÕúáóÍóÉó Ýöíåö ÈöÍóÇáò.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÎóáúÞö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóæøóÊõæÇ ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÈöãóÚúÕöíóÊöåöãú áóåõ.
Þöíáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóÇ íõÚóÇæöäõæäóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÍúÕõáó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ¡ Èóáú íóÚúÕõæäóåõ ÝóíõÚóÐøóÈõæäó¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÎóáúÞõåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÍößúãóÉó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóÕóÇåõ¡ Èóáú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóÕóæúåõ æóãóäóÚõæåõ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊõÄúËöÑõ ØóÇÚóÊóåõ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ. ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõãóßøóäõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö¿
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÙøóáóãóÉõ ãóäóÚõæÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáÙøóáóãóÉö¡ ÝóåóáøóÇ ãóäóÚóåõãú Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú¿ .
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(1) ä: Èöãóäú.
(2) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) . *)
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .(6/405)
æóåóÐóÇ áóÇÒöãñ áóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú Åöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóÇáöÞõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ Ãóãúßóäóåõ ÕóÑúÝõ ÏóæóÇÚöí ÇáÙøõáúãóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÊóãóßøóäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóíúÓó ÎóÇáöÞó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö.
Þöíáó: ÝóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöÃóäú íõÑöíÏó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏóßõãú áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú íõÛóíøöÑó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÌóÚúáöåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ïóáöíáñ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøñ Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÎóáúÞö ÃóÍóÏò ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÑöíÏðÇ áöáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö¡ ÛóíúÑó ãõÑöíÏò áöáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÍúÏöËõ áöáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö (1) ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóÇËö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÎúáõÞõ ãóÇ Êóãöíáõ Èöåö ÅöÑóÇÏóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö.
Þöíáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõáúÌöÆðÇ¡ ÒóÇáó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ. æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõáúÌöÆðÇ áóãú íóäúÝóÚú. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ ÝóåóáøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÕúáóÍõ áóåõãú¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍó Èößõáøö ÚóÈúÏò¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáËøóæóÇÈó ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ (2) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÍóÇÌóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Åöáóì ÊóÏúÈöíÑö ÈóÏóäöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÍóÇÌóÉö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Åöáóì ÑóÆöíÓöåóÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íóÎúáõÞú äóÝúÓó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ãóÚúÕõæãóÉð¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÑóÆöíÓðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿
ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóßúÝõÑó ÈöÈóÇØöäöåö¡ æóíóÚúÕöíó ÈöÈóÇØöäöåö¡ æóíóäúÝóÑöÏó ÈöÃõãõæÑò
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõÍúÏöËõ áöáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö Èóíøöäñ.
(2) ã: ÇáËøóÇãöäõ.(6/406)
ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÚóáöãóåóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÅöÒóÇáóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú åóÐóÇ (1) ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌöÈõ (2) ÐóÇßó¿ .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ (3) Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍõ Èöåöãú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÚóåõãú ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö¡ ãöãøóÇ áóæú ÚõÏöãõæÇ æóáóãú íõÞóãú ãóÞóÇãõåõãú¿ Ãóãö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Èöåöãú æõÌõæÏõ ÕóáóÇÍò áóÇ ÝóÓóÇÏó ãóÚóåõ¿ Ãóãú ãöÞúÏóÇÑñ ãõÚóíøóäñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¿ .
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÍóÇÕöáñ áöÛóÇáöÈö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö. æóÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÍóÕóáó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö Úóáöíøò. æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÎõáóÝóÇÁó Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇÕöáñ Èöãõáõæßö ÇáÊøõÑúßö æóÇáúåöäúÏö¡ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈö ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóãöíÑò íóÊóæóáøóì Ëõãøó íõÞóÏøóÑõ ÚóÏóãõåõ ÈöáóÇ äóÙöíÑò¡ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ Ýöí ÚóÏóãöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Ýöí æõÌõæÏöåö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú Þöíáó: " ÓöÊøõæäó ÓóäóÉð ãóÚó (4) ÅöãóÇãò ÌóÇÆöÑò ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú áóíúáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÈöáóÇ ÅöãóÇãò.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ æõÌõæÏõ ÕóáóÇÍò áóÇ ÝóÓóÇÏó ãóÚóåõ.
Þöíáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞóÚú¡ æóáóãú íóÎúáõÞö Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈðÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ Ðóáößó áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó. Ýóãóäú ÃóæúÌóÈó Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈó ãóáúÒõæãóÇÊöåö Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ ßóÇäó ÅöãøóÇ ãõßóÇÈöÑðÇ áöÚóÞúáöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÐóÇãøðÇ áöÑóÈøöåö. æóÎóáúÞõ ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãóÚóåõ æõÌõæÏõ Ðóáößó¡ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö Ðóáößó¡ Åöäú áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Èöåö Ðóáößó.
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(1) È: Ýóáóãú íóÌöÈú åóÐóÇ.
(2) íóÌöÈõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó (ã) .
(3) ã: ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ãöäú.(6/407)
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÃóÔóÏøõº áöÃóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÊóåõ ÊóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈò ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò Úóäú ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ Èóáú Úóäú ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÚöäúÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉñ ÑóÇÝöÖóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöíÌóÇÈõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÓóÏõ ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÎóáúÞö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ßõáøö ÚóÈúÏò áóåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó (1) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: " áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÂÎóÑó ; áóÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáøóÉó ÇáúãõÍúæöÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö åöíó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÎóØóÃõ Úóáóíúåö áóÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÂÎóÑó ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áöãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóäú íõäóÈøöåõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ äóÈøóåóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Ãóæú äóÇÆöÈõåõ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÎúØóÃó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Ãóæú äóÇÆöÈõåõ äóÈøóåóåõ ÂÎóÑõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð áöáúãóÌúãõæÚö¡ áóÇ áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¿
æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØóÃõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚóãøõÏõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö (2) ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö. (* æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúåöáóÇáö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÇáÏøóÞöíÞóÉö¡ ÞóÏú íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÛóáóØõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúßóËöíÑö *) (3) . æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö æóÇáúåóäúÏóÓóÉö¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÛóáóØõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Ãóæú ãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóËõÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÐóáößó ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÛóáóØõåõãú.
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(1) ã: ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ.
(2) È: ÇáúÎóØóÃõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .(6/408)
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö áöÞóæúãò ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú ßóáöãóÊõåõãú¡ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáúæõÌõæÏö ãöäú ËõÈõæÊöåóÇ áöæóÇÍöÏò. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ áóÇ Êõãúßöäõ áöáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö¡ ÝóÃóäú áóÇ Êõãúßöäó áöáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóæúáóì æóÅöäú ÃóãúßóäóÊú áöáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ ; ÝóáóÃóäú Êõãúßöäó áóåõ æóáöÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãõÌúÊóãöÚöíäó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö áöáúãóÌúãõæÚö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ áöáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö (1) íóÍúÕõáõ (2) ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ãöäú ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÚöÕúãóÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
æóãóäú Ìóåúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Åöäøóåõãú íõæÌöÈõæäó ÚöÕúãóÉó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóíõÌóæøöÒõæäó Úóáóì ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúÎóØóÃó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú æóÇÍöÏñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ. æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ ÇáÕøóÑöíÍõ íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúßóËöíÑöíäó¡ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏóÇÊöåöãú¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáò ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÍõÕõæáõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö Ãóæúáóì.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÔóÑöíßõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó (3) åõæó æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑößó åõæó æóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó¡ æóíóÓúÊóæúÝöíó ÇáúÍõÞõæÞó¡ æóáóÇ íõæóÝøöíåóÇ (4) ¡ æóáóÇ íõÌóÇåöÏõ ÚóÏõæøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚöíäõæåõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó Èöåöãú ÌõãúÚóÉð æóáóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð Åöäú áóãú íõÕóáøõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõãú Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞõæóÇåõãú æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåöãú. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÔóÇÑößöíäó
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ä: íóÌúÚóáõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó.
(4) ã: æóíõæóÝøöíåóÇ.(6/409)
áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ áóÇ íóäúÝóÑöÏõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó (1) ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáÑøóÃúíõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú [íóäúÝóÑöÏó Èöåö Èóáú] íõÔóÇÑößõåõãú Ýöíåö (2) ¡ ÝóíõÚóÇæöäõåõãú æóíõÚóÇæöäõæäóåõ¡ æóßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÞõÏúÑóÊóåõ ÊóÚúÌóÒõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãõÚóÇæóäóÊöåöãú (3) ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó Úöáúãõåõ íóÚúÌóÒõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãõÚóÇæóäóÊöåöãú.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó (4) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáÏøöíäöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ äóæúÚóÇäö: Úöáúãñ ßõáøöíøñ¡ ßóÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóÕöíóÇãö ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÒøöäóÇ æóÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö æóÇáúÎóãúÑö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóÚöáúãñ ÌõÒúÆöíøñ¡ ßóæõÌõæÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÝóÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉõ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøóÉñ Èöåö¡ áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö. ÝóÅöäøó (5) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (6) ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóì ßõáøöíøóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÊóÑóßó ãöäúåóÇ (7) ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ËóÈóÊó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáú ÊóÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöäóÕøöåö æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ (8) Èóáú ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö Þóæúáö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÔóÑöíßðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö áóãú íóßõäú äóÇÆöÈðÇ (9) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ
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(1) ä: æóßóÐóáößó.
(2) ä: æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáÑøóÃúíõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÔóÇÑößóåõãú¡ È: ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáÑøóÃúíõ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÔóÇÑößóåõãú¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä: ÈöãõÚóÇæóäóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ã: ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó.
(5) ä: ÝóÃóãøóÇ.
(6) ã: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÝöíåóÇ.
(8) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .
(9) ä¡ È: ËóÇÈöÊðÇ.(6/410)
ßóÇäó íõæÌöÈõ æóíõÍóÑøöãõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò Åöáóì äõÕõæÕö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ äóÈöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉð áöäóÈöíøò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöáøõ Ïõæäóåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð ÌóÇÒó ÅöÍóÇáóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÍõÌøóÉð æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóäõÕøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí æóÑóÖöíÊõ áóßõãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÏöíäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 3] .
æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÏøöíäó ßóÇãöáñ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊú ÌóãöíÚó (1) ßõáøöíøóÇÊò ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö áóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõåóÇ ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ¡ ÝóÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö. æóãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú ÞóÏú íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ßóÐóáößó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÓóÑóÝñ ãöäúåõãú.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Èóáö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÊóäóÇæóáóÊö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËó ÈöØõÑõÞò ÌóáöíøóÉò Ãóæú ÎóÝöíøóÉò¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó (2) ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÈúáõÛõåõ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËõ ÞóÏú ÊóäóÇæóáóåóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ. Ãóæú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Úõãõæãö ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúÞóØúÚöíøö æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøö ÍõÌøóÉñ æóØóÑöíÞñ íóÓúáõßõ ÇáÓøóÇáößõ
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(1) ã: ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊú ÌóãúÚó¡ È: ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊú Ýöí ÌóãöíÚò.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉó.(6/411)
[Åöáóíúåö] ãóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ (1) ¡ æóåõãóÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞóÇäö áóÇ íóÊóäóÇÞóÖóÇäö ÅöáøóÇ áöÝóÓóÇÏö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊõ ÝóåóÐöåö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ÃóÚúíóÇäöåóÇ¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáúãóäóÇØö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóäõÕøó áößõáøö ãõÕóáøò Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóáößõáøö ÍóÇßöãò Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ßõáøö ÔóÇåöÏò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇÏøóÚóæúÇ ÚöÕúãóÉó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó íõæóáøöí ãóäú ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÎöíóÇäóÊõåõ æóÚóÌúÒõåõ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóØóÚó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÔóÇåöÏóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáóÇ: ÃóÎúØóÃúäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú ÃóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóßõãóÇ ÊóÚóãøóÏúÊõãóÇ áóÞóØóÚúÊõ ÃóíúÏöíóßõãóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúÖöí ÈöäóÍúæö ãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÖóíúÊõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÃóÎöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúØóÚõ áóåõ ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» (2) .
æóÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóì Þóæúãñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÎóíúÑö Úóáóì äóÇÓò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú:
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(1) ä: íóÓóáõßõ ÇáÓøóÇáößõ ÃóíúäóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ ; ã: Óóáóßó ÇáÓøóÇáößõ ÃóíøóåõãóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/180 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Çáúíóãöíäö. 9/25 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÍöíóáö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ßóËöíÑò¡ 9/69 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóæúÚöÙóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö áöáúÎõÕõæãö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1337 - 1338 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÇááøóÍúäö ÈöÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/410 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/320 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóå æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.(6/412)
Èóäõæ ÃõÈóíúÑöÞò¡ Ãóäøóåõãú ÓóÑóÞõæÇ áóåõãú ØóÚóÇãðÇ æóÏõÑõæÚðÇ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Þóæúãñ ÝóÈóÑøóÃõæÇ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÊøóåóãöíäó¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕöÏúÞó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÈóÑøöÆöíäó áóåõãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö (1) : {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áöÊóÍúßõãó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöãóÇ ÃóÑóÇßó Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ Êóßõäú áöáúÎóÇÆöäöíäó ÎóÕöíãðÇ} * {æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑö Çááøóåó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÇäó ÛóÝõæÑðÇ ÑóÍöíãðÇ} * {æóáóÇ ÊõÌóÇÏöáú Úóäö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÎúÊóÇäõæäó ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÎóæøóÇäðÇ ÃóËöíãðÇ} ÇáúÂíóÇÊö [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 105 - 107] (2) .
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ äóæúÚóÇäö: ßõáøöíøóÉñ ÚóÇãøóÉñ¡ æóÌõÒúÆöíøóÉñ ÎóÇÕøóÉñ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉõ¡ ßóÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøö ÇáøóÐöí íóãúäóÚõ ÊóÕóæøõÑóåõ ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇáÔøóÑößóÉö Ýöíåö¡ ãöËúáõ ãöíÑóÇËö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóíøöÊö¡ æóÚóÏúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö¡ æóäóÝóÞóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö¡ æóæõÞõæÚö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÒøóæúÌö¡ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ áóÇ äóÈöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãðÇ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ãóäú íóäõÕøó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÝóÑúÏò ÝóÑúÏò ãöäúåõº áöÃóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó æóÃóÚúíóÇäóåõãú íóÚúÌóÒõ Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃóÚúíóÇäöåóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö Úöáúãõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊöåö¡ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÈóÔóÑñ (3) Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ ÈöÎöØóÇÈö Çááøóåö áóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãõãúßöäóÉõ ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÈõÚöËúÊõ ÈöÌóæóÇãöÚö Çáúßóáöãö» " (4) . ÝóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ áóÇ
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(1) Úóáóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÚõãúÏóÉó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 3/264 - 265.
(3) È: ÈóÔóÑðÇ.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/54 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: äõÕöÑúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøõÚúÈö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: ÈõÚöËúÊõ ÈöÌóæóÇãöÚö Çáúßóáöãö¡ æóäõÕöÑúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøõÚúÈö¡ ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÃõÊöíÊõ ÈöãóÝóÇÊöíÍö ÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóæõÖöÚóÊú Ýöí íóÏöí¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóäúÊóËöáõæäóåóÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/36 - 37 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÝóÇÊöíÍö Ýöí ÇáúíóÏö¡ 9/91 - 92 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈõÚöËúÊõ ÈöÌóæóÇãöÚö Çáúßóáöãö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/371 - 372 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 6/3 - 4 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 14/20 - 53¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóäúÊóËöáõæäóåóÇ: Ãóíú ÊóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõæäóåóÇ¡ æóÇáÖøóãöíÑõ åõäóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ æóãóÇ ÝõÊöÍó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÒóåúÑóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.(6/413)
íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÇáäøóåúíõ áöÌóãöíÚö ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö (1) . æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ æóáøóì äóÇÆöÈðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÚúåóÏó Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóæóÇÚöÏó ßõáøöíøóÉò ÚóÇãøóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö ÊóÍúÊó Êöáúßó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ Ãóæú ÏõÎõæáö äóæúÚò ÎóÇÕøò ÊóÍúÊó ÃóÚóãøó ãöäúåõ¡ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú äóÙóÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÕöíÈõ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóíõÎúØöÆõ ÃõÎúÑóì.
ÝóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÚöÕúãóÉó (* ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÇÔúÊóÑóØó (2) ÚöÕúãóÉó *) (3) ÇáäøõæøóÇÈö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ (4) ãõäúÊóÝò (5) ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö. æóÅöäö ÇßúÊóÝóì (6) ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóäõÕøó Úóáóì ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö äóÈöíøõäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÅöÐú ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ íõÍóÑøóãõ ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóãóÇ íóÍöáøõ¡ ÝóÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÍóÑóÇãñ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóäóÇÊö Úóãøöåö¡ æóÈóäóÇÊö ÚóãøóÇÊöåö¡ æóÈóäóÇÊö ÎóÇáöåö¡ æóÈóäóÇÊö ÎóÇáóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõ Ýöí " ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö ".
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö ÍóÑøóãó ßõáøó ãõÓúßöÑò (7) Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ íõÓúßöÑõ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
Èóáú ÞóÏú ÍóÕóÑó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {Þõáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó ÑóÈøöíó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔó
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ.
(2) ã: íõÔúÊóÑóØõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) È: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(5) ã: ãõÊøóÝóÞñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÝúíó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) È: ÍóÑøóãó ãóÇ íõÓúßöÑõ.(6/414)
ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ ÈóØóäó æóÇáúÅöËúãó æóÇáúÈóÛúíó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóäú ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 33] . Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÍõÑøöãó ÊóÍúÑöíãðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÚóÇãøðÇ áóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ Ýöí ÍóÇáò ÝóíõÈóÇÍõ Ýöí ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ßóÇáÏøóãö æóÇáúãóíúÊóÉö æóáóÍúãö ÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö.
æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {Þõáú ÃóãóÑó ÑóÈøöí ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ æõÌõæåóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóÓúÌöÏò æóÇÏúÚõæåõ ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 29] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ßõáøõåõ ãóÍúÕõæÑñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö æóÍóÞøö ÚöÈóÇÏöåö.
æóÍóÞøõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏõæåõ æóáóÇ íõÔúÑößõæÇ Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÍõÞõæÞõ ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúÚóÏúáõ. ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÑóÏöíÝó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ¡ ÃóÊõÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÍóÞøõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¿ " ÞõáúÊõ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: " ÍóÞøõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏõæåõ æóáóÇ íõÔúÑößõæÇ Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ. íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ¡ ÃóÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÍóÞøõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó¿ " ÞõáúÊõ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: " ÍóÞøõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú» (1) .
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÝóÕøóáó ÃóäúæóÇÚó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÇáúÈóÛúíó¡ æóÃóäúæóÇÚó ÍõÞõæÞö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó (2) . ÝóÝóÕøóáó ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËó¡ æóÈóíøóäó ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÅöÑúËó ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ¡ æóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËõ ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóÇáÊøóÚúÕöíÈö. æóÈóíøóäó ãóÇ íóÍöáøõ ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇßöÍö æóãóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ¡ æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì äõÕõæÕò ßõáøöíøóÉò ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚó¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö. æóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ íõãúßöäõ¡ ÝóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÚúÌóÒõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/57 - 58
(2) ä: Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.(6/415)
æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊõ (1) ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉõ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÕøö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ áóÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãò¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóíõÎúØöÆõ ÃõÎúÑóì.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝóÃóÕóÇÈó Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑóÇäö æóÅöäú ÃóÎúØóÃó Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑñ " (2) .
æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÓóÚúÏö (3) Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò - æóßóÇäó ÍóßóãðÇ Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉò ãõÚóíøóäóÉò íõÄúãóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ãóäú íóÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍó - ÝóáóãøóÇ Íóßóãó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáóÉö æóÓóÈúíö ÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö ãöäú Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «áóÞóÏú ÍóßóãúÊó Ýöíåöãú ÈöÍõßúãö Çááøóåö ãöäú ÝóæúÞö ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÑúÞöÚóÉò» (4) .
æóßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áöãóäú íõÑúÓöáõåõ ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÓóÑöíøóÉò Ãóæú ÌóíúÔò: «ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÇÕóÑóÊú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍöÕúäö ÝóÓóÃóáõæßó Ãóäú ÊõäúÒöáóåõãú Úóáóì Íõßúãö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ Íõßúãõ Çááøóåö Ýöíåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóäúÒöáúåõãú Úóáóì Íõßúãößó æóÍõßúãö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó» (5) . æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÕúáóÍóÉó Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÅöáøóÇ æóåöíó ÍóÇÕöáóÉñ ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ. æóÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ íõæóÇÝöÞõ åóÐóÇ. æóÅöäøóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ßõáøó ãóäú ßóÇäó Åöáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÞúÑóÈó¡ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÕúáóÍóÊõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáÏøöíäö Ãóßúãóáó¡ æóßõáøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäú Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöí
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(1) ä: æóÇáúÍõÑõãóÇÊõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/422
(3) ä¡ È: ÓóÚúÏõ
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/332
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/423 - 424(6/416)
ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÈöÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈóÔöíÑðÇ æóäóÐöíÑðÇ¡ æóÏóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÅöÐúäöåö æóÓöÑóÇÌðÇ ãõäöíÑðÇ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌó Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Åöáóì ÇáäøõæÑö¡ æóåóÏóÇåõãú Èöåö Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÛóíøö æóÇáÑøóÔóÇÏö¡ æóÇáäøõæÑö æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉö¡ æóÃóåúáö ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáÔøóÞóÇæóÉö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÓøóãó Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Åöáóì ÔóÞöíøò æóÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÞóÇæóÉö ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó Èöåö æóÊóæóáøóì Úóäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö.
ÝóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóäóÍúæõåõãú¡ ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÌóÑóãó ÊóÌöÏõåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ ÍóÊøóì íõæÌóÏó ãöãøóäú (1) åõæó ÊóÍúÊó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ÃóÙúáóãö Çáúãõáõæßö æóÃóÖóáøöåöãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõæäó (2) Ýöí ÎóíúÑò ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäúåõãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÔúÈöåõæäó ÇáúíóåõæÏó Ýöí ÃóÍúæóÇáò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäúåóÇ åóÐóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÖõÑöÈóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÐøöáøóÉõ ÃóíúäóãóÇ ËõÞöÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÈúáò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÍóÈúáò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÖõÑöÈóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÚöíÔõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ ÈöÍóÈóáö ÈóÚúÖö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò.
æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõãú ãöäú äöÓúÈóÉò Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö íõÙúåöÑõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú¡ ÝóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ãóÇ íõÑöíäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö æóÝöí ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóäõÑöíåöãú ÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö æóÝöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 53] .
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(1) ä: ÍóÊøóì íõæÌóÏó ãöäú¡ ã: ÍóÊøóì áóæú æóÌóÏó ãöäú.
(2) ä¡ È: æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ.(6/417)
æóãöãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇäóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ (1) ÂËóÇÑó (2) ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚöíäó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÃóÕúáóÍó Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú ãöäú ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú. æóÅöäú ÒóÚóãõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÊøóÈöÚõæäó áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ýóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ ßõáøõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÃóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö æóÌóÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáËøöÞóÇÊõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÎóÈóÑõæÇ ÍóÇáó ÃóåúáöåóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó.
æóãöËóÇáõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÓóæóÇÍöáö ÇáÔøóÇãö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãóäú íóäúÊóÍöáõæäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó. æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÍóÇáó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈöÓóæóÇÍöáö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ ãöËúáö ÌóÈóáö ßóÓúÑõæÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÈóáóÛóäóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ÃóÓúæóÃó ãöäú ÍóÇáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÊóÍúÊó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö Çáúãõáõæßö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåöãú.
Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ãõáõæßö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÍóÇáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ãóáóÇÍöÏóÊöåöãú¡ ßóÇáäøõÕóíúÑöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏøóÚõæäó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ãóæú íóÊóÎóáøóæúäó (3) Úóäú åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ßóÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö æóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö.
Ýóßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊóÍúÊó ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ãõáõæßö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøó Çáúãóáößó ßóÇäó ÃóÙúáóãó Çáúãõáõæßö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÍóÇáõåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáøóÐöí íóÔúÊóÑößõ
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(1) ä: æóãöãøóÇ ÑóÂäóÇ ÃóäøóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ¡ æóãöãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇäóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÑóÇäóÇ.
(2) ÂËóÇÑñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) È: Ãóæú íóäúÍóáõæäó¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.(6/418)
Ýöíåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóíóãúÊóÇÒõæäó Èöåö Úóäö (* ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÊóÞõæãõ (1) Èöåö ãóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÏõäö æóÃóåúáöåóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæõÌõæåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóíóãúÊóÇÒõæäó Èöåö Úóäú *) (2) Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ãóÏöíäóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóáóÇ ÞóÑúíóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ (3) Ãóåúáó ãóÏöíäóÉò æóáóÇ ÞóÑúíóÉò íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøóÝúÖõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö.
æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÍúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÃóãúÑõåõãú [ÞóØøõ] (4) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúíóåõæÏó (5) æóÍúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÃóãúÑõåõãú ÞóØøõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÏóÇÆöäó ßóËöíÑóÉð ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÞõæãõæäó ÈöÏöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ áóÇ íõÍúæöÌõåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì Åöáóì ßóÇÝöÑò æóáóÇ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøò.
æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÝóÊóÍõæÇ ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑó¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó Ýöí ãóÔóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÛóÇÑöÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõãú ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ.
Èóáú Èóäõæ ÃõãóíøóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ ãóÚó ÇäúÍöÑóÇÝö ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÓóÈøö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú áóåõ¡ ÛóáóÈõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ ãöäú ãóÔúÑöÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Åöáóì ãóÛúÑöÈöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Ýöí Òóãóäöåöãú ÃóÚóÒøó ãöäúåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈößóËöíÑò¡ æóáóãú íóäúÊóÙöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÏóæúáóÊöåöãõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáÏøóæúáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøóÉõ¡ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÑúÈö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò ÇáÏøóÇÎöáõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøóì ÕóÞúÑó ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóÇÓúÊóæúáóì åõæó - æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ - Úóáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÛóÑúÈö¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÝöíåóÇ
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(1) ä: æóÊóÞõæãõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) È: æóáóÇ äóÌöÏõ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .
(4) ÞóØøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ã: ßóÇáúíóåõæÏö.(6/419)
æóÃóÞóÇãõæåõ æóÞóãóÚõæÇ ãóäú íóáöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÓøöíóÇÓóÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö (1) ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö æóÃóåúáö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÚóÙøöãõæäó ãóÐúåóÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíóäúÕõÑõåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøöíäó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäöíøöíäó (2) ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÕóÇÑó ãöäú æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÓúßõÊõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÑóÈøöÚõ Èöåö (3) Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó áóãú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÓõÈøõæäóåõ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö íóÓõÈøõåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÛóÑúÈö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝõÊõæÍö ÝóÐóßóÑó ÝõÊõæÍó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÝõÊõæÍó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏóåõ: ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÚó ÍõÈøöåö áóåõ æóãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö áóåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÝõÊõæÍñ.
æóÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ßõáøõåõãú: ãóÇáößñ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøõåõãú íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁó æóíóÊóæóáøóÇåõãú æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõãú¡ æóíõäúßöÑõ Úóáóì ãóäú íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÓõæÁò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõæäó ÐößúÑó Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ.
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(1) È: Úóäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.
(2) È: ÇáúÍõÓúäóíøöíäó¡ ä: ÇáúÍóÓóäöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) È: æóáóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/420)
æóßóÇäó ÕóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö¡ æóÝöí ÈöáóÇÏò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóáóßöäøó ÞóæóÇÚöÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóãöÑøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö¡ Èóáú ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ãõÏøóÉð ÃóÞóÇãó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÈóÚóËó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÏöíäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí íóÙúåóÑõ [Úóáóì] ÈóÇØöáöåöãú (1) .
æóÈóäõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò íóÊóÙóÇåóÑõæäó ÈöÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ æóÇÓúÊóæúáóæúÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóæúáóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÈóäõæÇ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøóÉö. Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁõæÇ Åöáóì ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÇÓúÊóæúáóæúÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÓóäóÉò¡ æóÇÓúÊóæúáóæúÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÇáÔøóÇãö äóÍúæó ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóãóáóßõæÇ ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó Ýöí ÝöÊúäóÉö ÇáúÈóÓóÇÓöíÑöíøö (2) ¡ æóÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÛóÑúÈöåóÇ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈöÏóÚö æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ÊõÍöÈøõ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ ãõÍúÊóÇÌöíäó Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóãõÍúÊóÇÌöíäó Åöáóì ãõÕóÇäóÚóÊöåöãú æóÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉö áóåõãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÑóÃúÓõ ãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉõ¡ æóåöíó Ãóäú íõÙúåöÑó ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ íõÈúØöäõ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÚúÝö æóÇáúÞöáøóÉö¡ æóåõãú íõÙúåöÑõæäó Ïöíäóåõãú áóÇ íóßúÊõãõæäóåõ.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÚúãóáõæäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íóÊøóÎöÐö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóäú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÊøóÞõæÇ ãöäúåõãú ÊõÞóÇÉð æóíõÍóÐøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 28] æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú åõãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó áóåõãú Ýöí ÊóßúÝöíÑö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö Þóæúáóíúäö. áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú íõÕóÑøöÍõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö
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(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÓóÇÓöíÑöíøö æóÝöÊúäóÊöåö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/101(6/421)
æóÝóÊóÇæöíåö ÈößõÝúÑö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãõÑúÊóÏøõæäó¡ æóÏóÇÑõåõãú ÏóÇÑõ ÑöÏøóÉò¡ íóÍúßõãõ ÈöäóÌóÇÓóÉö ãóÇÆöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäö ÇäúÊóÞóáó Åöáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäúåõãú Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈó áóãú ÊõÞúÈóáú ÊóæúÈóÊõåõ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøó ÇáøóÐöí íõæáóÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ [ãöäúåõ] (1) ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Þóæúáñ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóåõæó ÑöæóÇíóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó. ÞóÇáõæÇ: áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÝóÃóÓúáóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú íõæáóÏõ ãõÓúáöãðÇ.
ÝóÌóÚóáó åóÄõáóÇÁö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýóåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ Ýóãóäú ÕóÇÑó ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ãóÐúåóÈöåöãú ßóÇäó ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÎõæØöÈó ÈöåóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõãú: {áóÇ íóÊøóÎöÐö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 28] . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ãóÏóäöíøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÝóÅöäøó ÓõæÑóÉó Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó ßõáøóåóÇ ãóÏóäöíøóÉñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉõ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ æóÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉõ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú íóßúÊõãõ ÅöíãóÇäóåõ æóáóÇ íõÙúåöÑõ áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅöÙúåóÇÑó ãóæóÏøóÉö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÝóäõåõæÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó. æóåõãú áóÇ íõÙúåöÑõæäó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áöáúÌõãúåõæÑö. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö ßóÇäó áóåõ ÍõáóÝóÇÁõ ãöäó
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(1) ÒöÏúÊõ ãöäúåõ áöÊóÓúÊóÞöíãó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ.(6/422)
ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøó ãóÚöíó ÎóãúÓóãöÇÆóÉò ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÓúÊóÙúåöÑó Èöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
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æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÞóæúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö ßóÇäõæÇ íõÈóÇØöäõæäó ÞóæúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ áöíóÝúÊöäõæåõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåöãú¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõãú Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö. ÝóÃóÈóæúÇ¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
æóÚóäú ãõÞóÇÊöáö Èúäö ÍóíøóÇäó æóãõÞóÇÊöáö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÙúåöÑõæäó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áößõÝøóÇÑö ãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöÙúåóÇÑðÇ áöãóæóÏøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÙúåöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ïöíäóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú íóÍúÝóÙõæäó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞóÕóÇÆöÏö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ãóÏúÍöåöãú¡ æóåöÌóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãóÇ íóÊóæóÏøóÏõæäó Èöåö Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÙúåöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ïöíäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íõÙúåöÑõæäó Ïöíäóåõãú áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÊøóÞõæÇ ãöäúåõãú ÊõÞóÇÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 28] ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ÅöáøóÇ ãõÕóÇäóÚóÉð (1) .
æóÇáÊøõÞóÇÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÃóäú ÃóßúÐöÈó (2) æóÃóÞõæáó ÈöáöÓóÇäöí ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ äöÝóÇÞñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ ÃóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö.
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(2) ä: ÈöÃóäú ÃóßúÐöÈó ãöäúåõãú.(6/423)
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ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÌóÇåöÏóåõãú ÈöíóÏöåö ãóÚó ÚóÌúÒöåö¡ æóáóßöäú Åöäú Ãóãúßóäóåõ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÈöÞóáúÈöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ æóíóÞõæáõ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÙúåöÑó Ïöíäóåõ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßúÊõãóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú Úóáóì Ïöíäöåöãú ßõáøöåö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ (2) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóãõÄúãöäö [Âáö] (3) ÝöÑúÚóæúäó - æóÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó - æóåõæó áóãú íóßõäú ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áóåõãú Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö Ïöíäöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó íóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ (4) ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íóßúÊõãõ ÅöíãóÇäóåõ.
æóßöÊúãóÇäõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÔóíúÁñ ÂÎóÑõ. ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÈöÍúåõ Çááøóåõ ÞóØøõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäú ÃõßúÑöåó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÃõÈöíÍó áóåõ ÇáäøõØúÞõ ÈößóáöãóÉö ÇáúßõÝúÑö. æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö æóÇáúãõßúÑóåö.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÍóÇáõåõãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÍóÇáö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ áóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÍóÇáö ÇáúãõßúÑóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõßúÑöåó Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÞóáúÈõåõ ãõØúãóÆöäøñ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåó áóÇ íóßõæäõ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/69 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóæúäö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/406 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÎõØúÈóÉö íóæúãö ÇáúÚöíÏö 4/173 - 174¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/317 - 318 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú 1/406 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚöíÏóíúäö¡ 2/1330 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÇáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/30
(2) ä¡ ã: Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) Âáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ã: æóíóÞõæáõ.(6/424)
ÚóÇãøðÇ ãöäú ÌõãúåõæÑö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ íóßõæäõ ÃóÓöíÑðÇ Ãóæú ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ (1) Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏó íõßúÑöåõåõ Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉö ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóáöíäó áöäóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö áöíóÙõäøõæåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ Èóáú íóßúÊõãõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö.
æóÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúßöÊúãóÇäö. ÝóßöÊúãóÇäõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÍóíúËõ íóÚúÐõÑõåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑö¡ ßóãõÄúãöäö Âáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÐõÑõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõßúÑöåó. æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ áóÇ íõÚúÐóÑõ ÈöÍóÇáò¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöíÖö ãóäúÏõæÍóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö. Ëõãøó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßúÊõãõ ÅöíãóÇäóåõ íóßõæäõ Èóíúäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ïöíäóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíõßúÑöãõæäóåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÚóÇãöáóåõãú ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉö æóÇáäøõÕúÍö¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÎóíúÑö Èöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áóåõãú Úóáóì Ïöíäöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõæÓõÝõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ íóÓöíÑõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó æóßóÇäõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ¡ æóßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäõ Âáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó íóßúÊõãõ ÅöíãóÇäóåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÚóÙøöãõ ãõæÓóì æóíóÞõæáõ: {ÃóÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÑóÈøöíó Çááøóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 2] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÝóáóÇ íõÚóÇÔöÑõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ãóÚóåõ ÇáäøöÝóÇÞó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ïöíäóåõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö Ïöíäñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ íóÍúãöáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÎöíóÇäóÉö¡ æóÛöÔøö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáÓøõæÁö Èöåöãú¡ Ýóåõæó áóÇ íóÃúáõæåõãú ÎóÈóÇáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊúÑõßõ ÔóÑøðÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Èöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ãóãúÞõæÊñ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ ÊóÙúåóÑõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ÓöíãóÇ ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö æóÝöí áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõ íõäóÇÝöÞõ ÖõÚóÝóÇÁó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóãóäú áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Èöåö Åöáóíúåö¡ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÇáøóÐöí íõÖúÚöÝõ ÞóáúÈóåõ.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ãóæú ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/425)
æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãóÚóåõ ÚöÒøóÉõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö (1) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöÒøóÉó áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. Ëõãøó åõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáÐøöáøóÉõ Ýöíåöãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ áóäóäúÕõÑõ ÑõÓõáóäóÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóíóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáúÃóÔúåóÇÏõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 51] . æóåõãú ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ØóæóÇÆöÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóäö ÇáäøõÕúÑóÉö¡ æóÃóæúáóÇåõãú ÈöÇáúÎöÐúáóÇäö. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÞúÑóÈõ (2) ØóæóÇÆöÝõ [Ãóåúáö] (3) ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Åöáóì ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö.
æóÂíóÉõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÅöíãóÇäñ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ íóãöíáõæäó Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Êóãöíáõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ ÌõäõæÏñ ãõÌóäøóÏóÉñ¡ ãóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÝó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÆúÊóáóÝó¡ æóãóÇ ÊóäóÇßóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó» (4) . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: ÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÃóÎóÏóÇäöåöãú.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó Èóíúäó ÃóÑúæóÇÍö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÃóÑúæóÇÍö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ (5) ãóÍúÖðÇ: ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ æóÊóÔóÇÈõåðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞó ÔõÚóÈñ.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÑúÈóÚñ
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(1) È: ÛóíúÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö.
(2) ä: ÃóÈúÚóÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) Ãóåúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/133 - 134 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ: ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ ÌõäõæÏñ ãõÌóäøóÏóÉñ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2031 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ ÌõäõæÏñ ãõÌóäøóÏóÉñ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/359 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú íõÄúãóÑõ Ãóäú íõÌóÇáöÓó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 15/77 Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 2/527¡ 539
(5) ã: äöÝóÇÞðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/426)
ãóäú ßõäøó Ýöíåö ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö ÎóÕúáóÉñ ãöäúåõäøó ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö ÔõÚúÈóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÍóÊøóì íóÏóÚóåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ßóÐóÈó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÄúÊõãöäó ÎóÇäó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇåóÏó ÛóÏóÑó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÕóãó ÝóÌóÑó» (1) . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÂíóÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö ËóáóÇËñ: ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ßóÐóÈó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ æóÚóÏó ÃóÎúáóÝó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÄúÊõãöäó ÎóÇäó» æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò áöãõÓúáöãò: «æóÅöäú ÕóÇãó æóÕóáøóì æóÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ» (2) .
æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ íóÔúåóÏõ áöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó æóÕóÝó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÛóÏúÑö æóÇáúÎöíóÇäóÉö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáõ áóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäúåóÇ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚöíäó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÔõÚóÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÃóÈúÚóÏõåõãú Úóäú ÔõÚóÈö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÔõÚóÈö (3) ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö æóÃóÈúÚóÏõåõãú Úóäú ÔõÚóÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÞõÑúÈõåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÈõÚúÏõåõãú Úóäö (4) ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÓõäøóÊöåöãú æóÈöÏúÚóÊöåöãú.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö Úóäú (5) ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì Âáöåö. æóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýöí ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãöäö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÚö ãõäóÇÝöÞò ÒöäúÏöíÞò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/375
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/82
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) ä: Åöáóì¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) È¡ ã: ãöäö.(6/427)
ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäö ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó æóÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò æóÚöÕúãóÊöåö ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞðÇ¡ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÝóÓóÇÏó Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÕúäóÚó ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÈõæáöÕõ ÈöÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóÊóÃóÊøó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÃóÊøóì áóÈõæáöÕó¡ áöÖóÚúÝö Ïöíäö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÚóÞúáöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑõÝöÚó æóáóãú íóÊúÈóÚúåõ ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ïöíäóåõ¡ æóíóÞõæãõæäó Èöåö ÚöáúãðÇ æóÚóãóáðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÈõæáöÕõ ãóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÚóåõ ãöäú áóÛúæò Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ æóÃóÍóÈøõæÇ ÇáúÛõáõæøó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ æóÏóÎóáóÊú ãóÚóåõãú ãõáõæßñ¡ ÝóÞóÇãó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÎóÇáóÝõæåõãú æóÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÊóáóÊö Çáúãõáõæßõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú¡ æóÏóÇåóäó Çáúãõáõæßõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇÚúÊóÒóáõæÇ (1) Ýöí ÇáÕøóæóÇãöÚö æóÇáÏøöíóÇÑóÇÊö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÝöíåóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãõáúÍöÏñ æóáóÇ ãõÈúÊóÏöÚñ ãöäú ÅöÝúÓóÇÏöåö ÈöÛõáõæøò Ãóæö ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑò Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö (2) ¡ æóáóßöäú íóÖöáøõ ãóäú íóÊúÈóÚõåõ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóäõæøóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÚõæäóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó (3) Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÛóíúÑó æóÇÞöÚóÉò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Çáúãõãúßöäõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇÏöÑñ Ãóäú íóäõÕøó Úóáóì ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇÏöÑñ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó äóÕøó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ãóßúãóáó ãöäú äóÕøö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇÚúÊóÒóáõæåõãú.
(2) ä: ãöäú ÅöÝúÓóÇÏöåö æóíóÚúáõæ Ãóæö ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑò Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ã: ãöäú ÅöÝúÓóÇÏöåö æóíóÚúáõæ æóÇäúÊöÕóÇÑò Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö. æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ È: ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.(6/428)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÚóÔóÑó (1) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ áöáúÅöãóÇãö: Ãóåöíó ÝöÚúáõåõ áöáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö æóÊóÑúßõåõ áöáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ ãóÚó (2) Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚöäúÏóßõãú áóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑóåõ¿ Ãóãú åöíó ÎóáúÞõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö áóåõ¿ Ãóãú (3) ÓóáúÈõåõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö.
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÚöäúÏóßõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáöíäó¡ áóÒöãóßõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ãóÚúÕõæãò.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÈóØóáó ÃóÕúáõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóåóÈúÊõãú Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: ÓõáöÈó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ ßóÇäó [ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ] ÚöäúÏóßõãú (4) åõæó ÇáúÚóÇÌöÒõ Úóäö ÇáÐøóäúÈö. ßóãóÇ íóÚúÌóÒõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóì Úóäú äóÞúØö ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝö¡ æóÇáúãõÞúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÔúíö.
æóÇáúÚóÇÌöÒõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö áóÇ íõäúåóì Úóäúåõ æóáóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÄúãóÑú æóíõäúåó áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøó ËóæóÇÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú áóÇ ËóæóÇÈó áóåõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ãóÚúÕöíóÉò¡ Èóáú (5) æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ØóÇÚóÉò. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáäøóÞúÕö.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÃóíøõ ãõÓúáöãò ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÐúäóÈó Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈóº áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ãõÍöíóÊú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊõåõ¡ Èóáú ÈõÏøöáó Èößõáøö ÓóíøöÆóÉò ÍóÓóäóÉð ãóÚó ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ËóæóÇÈõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÚöäúÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Þóæúáóåõãú ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúãõäóÇÞóÖóÉö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) È: æóãóÚó.
(3) È: Ãóæú.
(4) È: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ãöäú (ä) .
(5) Èóáú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/429)
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì ÇáãÞÏãÉ ÇáËÇäíÉ ãä ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí æåí Þæáåã ÅÐÇ ßÇä áÇ ÈÏ ãä ãÚÕæã ÝáíÓ ÈãÚÕæã ÛíÑ Úáí]
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ (1) : Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõãú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÚõÈøóÇÏöåöãú æóÕõæÝöíøóÊöåöãú æóÌõäúÏöåöãú (2) æóÚóÇãøóÊöåöãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ ÊóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ýöí ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÚóÈøóÑõæÇ åõæó Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: " ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãóÍúÝõæÙñ ".
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÔõíõæÎöåöãú¡ ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõãú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæúáóì.
æóßóËöíÑñ (3) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÛõáõæøö Ýöí ÔõíõæÎöåöãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÛõáõæøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÚöÕúãóÉó ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú¡ æóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú - ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áóÇ ÍöÓóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈó¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÄóÇÎöÐõåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ íõØöíÚõæäó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãó¡ Èóáú ÊóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó. æóßóáóÇãõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ßóËöíÑñ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇÏó íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Ãóäú íóÓöíÑó ÈöÓöíÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåöãú¡ ÝóÍóáóÝõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÊóÞóÈøóáó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ (4) ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóÊóÌóÇæóÒó Úóäúåõ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö (5) .
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(1) ÇáúãõÞúÏøöãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Õ 348 æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: æóãóÊóì ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ åõæó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(2) È: æóÌõäóíúÏöíøöíåöãú.
(3) È: ÝóßóËöíÑñ.
(4) ä: Úóäúåõ.
(5) ã: æóíóÊóÌóÇæóÒõ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö.(6/430)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑöåöãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÉö æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ÃóØóÇÚóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóØóÇÚó Çááøóåó. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÖúÑóÈõ Èöåöãõ ÇáúãóËóáõ¡ íõÞóÇáõ: " ØóÇÚóÉñ ÔóÇãöíøóÉñ ".
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÅöãóÇãóåõãú áóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÔöíÚóÉñ¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú íõÈúÛöÖõ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóíóÓõÈøõåõ.
æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ (1) ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Èöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÊóÌöÈõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó íõËöíÈõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóíõÚóÇÞöÈõåõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö - áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú ãóÚó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ãóÚúÕõæãò ÛóíúÑó ÅöãóÇãöåö.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ßõáøñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó [áóåóÇ] (2) : Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåóÇ (3) ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò. ÊóÞõæáõ: íóßúÝöíäöí ÚöÕúãóÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÆúÊóãóãúÊõ Èöåö¡ áóÇ ÃóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó: áóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ. æóíóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ: ÔóíúÎöí æóÞõÏúæóÊöí. æóåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÅöãóÇãöí ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ. Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ãóäøó ãóäú íõØöíÚõ Çáúãõáõæßó áóÇ ÐóäúÈó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó¡ æóíóÊóÃóæøóáõæäó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 5] .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåöãú (4) .
Þöíáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö.
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(1) È: ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó.
(2) áóåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) áóåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) ä: ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÊöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/431)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÆöãøóÉó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÔõíõæÎóåõãú ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ãóÚúÏõæãò (1) áóÇ íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö ÈöÍóÇáò. Ýóåõãú Èößõáøö ÍóÇáò ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ (2) ÝóÈóØóáóÊú ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: áóãú ÊõÏøóÚó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó (* áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó.
Þöíáó: Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó áöÚóáöíøò ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõßõãú. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó *) (3) áóÚóáöíøò¡ áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó áöáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ Èóáú ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö áöåóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóæúáóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ íóÞöíäðÇ Ãóäøó ÌõãúåõæÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ íõÝóÖøöáõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõåõãóÇ Úóáóíúåö. ßóãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäúåõ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÏóÚúæóÇåõãú ÚöÕúãóÉõ åóÐóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÏóÚúæóì ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íõäúÞóáú Úóäúåõãú.
Þöíáó áóåõãú: æóáóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò. æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõËúÈöÊõ [ÚöÕúãóÉó] (4) áóÇ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ áóßöäú äóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóäúÝöíó äóÞúáó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ãóÚó ÏóÚúæóÇåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ãóäú íóÏøóÚöíóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÞõáóåõ Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÒóãóÇäñ ÇÏøóÚóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó áöÚóáöíøò Ãóæú áöÃóÍóÏò (5) ãöäó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó¡
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(1) ä: ãóÚúÏõæãöåöãú.
(2) æóÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ÚöÕúãóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ÚöÕúãóÉõ Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÃóÍóÏò.(6/432)
æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÚöÕúãóÉó ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÈóØóáó Ãóäú íõÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóæõÞõæÚö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÚóÔóÑó (1) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò¡ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌöÈó ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÈúº ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõåõãú. æóÅöäú æóÌóÈó áóãú äõÓóáøöãú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó Ïõæäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. Èóáú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ãõãúßöäóÉð¡ Ýóåöíó ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉð¡ Ýóåöíó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ.
æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÞõæáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóåõãú áóÇ íõÓóáøöãõæäó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Úóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÄõåóÇ Úóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Þóæúáó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
æóåóÐöåö ßóäõÈõæøóÉö ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóÇ íõÓóáøöãõæäó äõÈõæøóÉó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú åóÐóíúäö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó äõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóäú íõÞöÑøõ ÈöäõÈõæøóÊöåöãóÇ ãõäúÝóÑöÏóÉð Úóäú äõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ßõÝúÑö ãóäú ÃóÞóÑøó ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ßóÝóÑó ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÃóÞóÑøó ÈöÃóÍóÏö åóÐóíúäö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ßõÝúÑðÇ ãöãøóäú ÃóÞóÑøó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò æóßóÝóÑó ÈöÃóÍóÏö åóÐóíúäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó (2) ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöåöãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó
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(1) ä: ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÚóÔóÑó¡ ã: ÇáËøóÇäöí.
(2) È: Åöäøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/433)
ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöåöãóÇ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò. æóåóßóÐóÇ äóÝúíõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóËõÈõæÊõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóæöáóÇíóÉõ Çááøóåö. ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò æóÊóÞúæóÇåõ æóæöáóÇíóÊöåö áöáøóåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÞúÑõæäðÇ ÈöÅöíãóÇäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóÊóÞúæóÇåõãú æóæöáóÇíóÊöåöãú áöáøóåö. æóáóÇ íóäúÝõæäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó Úóäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÞúÑõæäðÇ ÈöäóÝúíöåóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò. æóãóÚúäóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó ÈóÇØöáñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ áóåõãú: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ËóÇÈöÊñ áöÚóáöíøò ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ (1) ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉñ Úóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ßóÇäó ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö: äõÈõæøóÉõ ãõæÓóì ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ãóæú Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉõ ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉñ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏò ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö. æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõ íóÞõæáõ: äóÝöíõ ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏò æóãõæÓóì ßóäóÝúíöåóÇ (2) Úóäö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú ÃóäúÝöíóåóÇ Úóäú ãõæÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏò æóÃõÓóáøöãó ËõÈõæÊóåóÇ áöáúãóÓöíÍö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøõ: ÇÊøóÝóÞúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóíúÓõæÇ ÂáöåóÉð¡ æóÊóäóÇÒóÚúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóáóãú íõÏøóÚó [Ðóáößó] (3) ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ßóÇäó ßóÊóÞúÑöíÑö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóáóãú íõÏøóÚó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áóÚóáöíøò.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö (* Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöÚöíÓóì (4) ãóÒöíøóÉñ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÅöáóåðÇ Ïõæäó ãõæÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö *) (5) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú [íóßõäú áóåõ] ãóÒöíøóÉñ (6) íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöåóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ Ïõæäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÞó ãóäóÚúäóÇåõ (7) Ðóáößó¡ æóÞõáúäóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó Ýöí ÇáËøõÈõæÊö Ãóæö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ãóæö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ßóäóÝúíò áóåóÇ.
(3) Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö (ã) : áóÚóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÃóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(6) ä: áóãú ãóÒöíøóÉñ¡ È: áóãú äóÑóåõ.
(7) ä¡ ã: ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/434)
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Úóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: äóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóäóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó (1) ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁóåóÇ Úóäúåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö (2) ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäúåõ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõãúßöäóÉð¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íõÍúÊóÌøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöäóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Úóäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉöº áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöäóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ. ÝóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÔóßøõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóäóÝúíõäóÇ áöÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑó.
æóåõäóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ËóÇáöËñ Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãöäú Ãóíúäó ÚóáöãúÊõãú Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò. ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö (3) ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÍõÌøóÊöåöãú.
Þöíáó áóåõãú: Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóØóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ãóäú ÍóÝóÙó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó æóäóÞóáóåõ æóáóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó (4) ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóíóÑõÏøõæäó ßóæúäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ Ïõæäó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ¿
ÝóÅöäö ÇÏøóÚóæõÇ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó
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(1) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ä¡ ã: Ãóæúáóì ãöäö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä: ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö.
(4) È: ãõÍúÊóÌøõæäó.(6/435)
ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÊóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõãú ãõÓúÊóäóÏñ ÂÎóÑõ. ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ (1) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö áóÒöãó ÇáÏøóæúÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãóÇ.
ÝóÚõáöãó ÈõØúáóÇäõ ÍõÌøóÊöåöãú Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö. [æóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó áóíúÓó áóåõãú ãõÓúÊóäóÏñ Úöáúãöíøñ ÃóÕúáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ Ýöíåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö] (2) æóÍúÏóåõ åõæó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó ÍöíäóÆöÐò Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöáøö (3) ¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ åóÐóÇ ãõÕóÇÏóÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó Þóæúáöåöãú: ÝõáóÇäñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ãóÚúÕõæãñ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó áóåõãú: Èöãó ÚóÑóÝúÊõãú Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ áóíúÓõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¿
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ (4) ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóãóäú ÓöæóÇíó (5) áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõãúßöäõ ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÃóäóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÈöÛóíúÑö Þóæúáöåö¡ áóãú íõÚúáóãú ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ.
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(1) Ýöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáËøóáóÇËö (ä) ¡ (ã) (È) : ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) æóÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) Ãóäú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÍóÐóÝúÊõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉó " Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò ".
(3) È: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) È: Åöäøóåõ.
(5) ä¡ È: æóãöäú ÓöæóÇåõ.(6/436)
æóÍõÌøóÊõåõãú åóÐöåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÍõÌøóÉö ÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÏúÚõæäó Åöáóì (1) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãõÚóáøöãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó (2) ØõÑõÞó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÕöÍøóÊõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáúãõÚóáøöãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
æóßóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏó Úóäú ÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÊö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóÃóÞóÑøóÊú (3) ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÇÏøóÚóÊö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ: ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö (4) ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ íõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÇÊö (5) Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó (6) Ãóäøó áóåóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊò ÈóÇØöäóÉð ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ (7) ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö (8) æóÍöáøö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö áöáúÎóæóÇÕøö ÇáúæóÇÕöáöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõãú ØóÈóÞóÇÊò Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚóåóÇ.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ßöáúÊóÇ (9) ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÊóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ãóÚúÕõæãò ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÊõÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåóÇ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉñ ßóÝøóÇÑñ.
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(1) Åöáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ã: Åöäøóåõ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ È: æóÃóÞúÑóÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö.
(5) È: ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö.
(6) È: Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö íóÏøóÚõæäó.
(7) È: ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ.
(8) È: ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(9) ä¡ ã: ßöáóÇ.(6/437)
æóÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú ãõáúÍöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú: ÅöãøóÇ ãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝñ ãõáúÍöÏñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó.
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóíúÓó åõæó (1) Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Ãóäú íóÊóÙóÇåóÑó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ áöãóÇ áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ (2) ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäú íõÍöÈøõ ÕóÇÍöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóíõÚóÙøöãõåõ.
æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ (3) ÍóÇÆöÑõæäó Èóíúäó ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö æóÃóÞúæóÇáö ÓóáóÝöåöãõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ æóãóÈóÇÍöËõåõãú ÊóÏõáøõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íõÚóÙøöãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉó ßóÇáØøõæÓöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ¡ æóíõÚóÙøöãõ ÔõíõæÎó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö ÊóÐõãøõåõ æóÊóÓõÈøõåõ¡ æóÊóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ Ãóåúáõ ßõáøö Ïöíäò: ÊóÌöÏõ ÝõÖóáóÇÁóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÕöíÑõæÇ ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ ãöËúáõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ åõãú Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉñ ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö íóãöíáõ Åöáóì Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóåõãú ãöäú ÝóÓóÇÏö Ïöíäö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ¡ ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÊóÚóíøõäöåö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ØõæáöÈó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ ÈöÊóÚúíöíäö ãóÚúÕõæãöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó (4)
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(1) åõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ã: íóÞõæáõ.
(3) ã: æóÃóÔúÈóåó åõæó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ.
(4) åõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/438)
ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÊóäóÇÞóÖóÊú ÃóÞúæóÇáõåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ßóáóÇãóåõãú Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍö¡ æóÈóäóì Úóáóíúåö (1) Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÚúÕõæãò. æóåöíó ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ÝóÇÓöÏóÉñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ØõæáöÈó ÈöÊóÚúíöíäöåö áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÃóÕúáðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ (2) Þóæúáö ãóäú áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú (3) ÈóÚúÏõ ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ: Åöäøöí ãóÚúÕõæãñ (4) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Åöäøöí ãóÚúÕõæãñ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó (5) ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÏøóÚö åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ. Þöíáó áóåõãú: áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó ËõÈõæÊõ ãóÚúÕõæãò Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÌóÑøóÏõ Þóæúáö ÔóÎúÕò: ÃóäóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ¡ áöÅöãúßóÇäö ßóæúäö (6) ÛóíúÑöåö åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú äóÚúáóãú äóÍúäõ ÏóÚúæóÇåõ (7) ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÙúåöÑú ÏóÚúæóÇåõ¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÓúßõÊó Úóäú (8) ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö æóÅöÙúåóÇÑöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó áöáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö Ãóäú íõÎúÝöíó äóÝúÓóåõ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóáóãóÉö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóÚúÕõæãñ ÛóíúÑó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ðóáößó æóáóãú äóÚúáóãúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóæúÇ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ Ýóáöãó áóãú íóÈúÞó ãóÚóåõãú Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö: áóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó æóáóÇ ÏóÚúæóì.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÊóáóì (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö.
(3) È: íóËúÈõÊú¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ È: áóãú íóËúÈõÊú (Ýöí (ä) ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÕúãóÊöåö: Åöäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ.
(5) È: åõæó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
(6) ßóæúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(7) È: æóÅöäú áóãú äóÚúáóãú ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÏóÚúæóÇåõ.
(8) È: Úóáóì.(6/439)
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö (1) ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÏóÚúæóì Úóáöíøò ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¡ æóÍóÇÔóÇåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÎóÇãöÓñ (2) æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäö (3) ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö: Åöäøöí ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÑóÇÖõæäó ÈöÞóæúáö Úóáöíøò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏñ (4) Ãóäú íóäúÞõáó Úóäúåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ËóÇÈöÊò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¡ Èóáö ÇáäøõÞõæáõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉõ Úóäúåõ ÊóäúÝöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÓóÇÏöÓñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÞúÑóÇÑóåõ áöÞõÖóÇÊöåö (5) Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÍúßõãõæÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÑóÃúíöåö¡ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚõÏú äóÝúÓõåõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó: " ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÑóÃúíöí æóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö Ãóäú áóÇ íõÈóÚúäó. æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáúÂäó Ãóäú íõÈóÚúäó ". ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ ÞóÇÖöíåõ: " ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó [Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö] (6) ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö ".
æóßóÇäó ÔõÑóíúÍñ íóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö æóáóÇ íõÑóÇÌöÚõåõ æóáóÇ íõÔóÇæöÑõåõ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ íõÞöÑøõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " ÇÞúÖõæÇ ßóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÞúÖõæäó ". æóßóÇäó íõÝúÊöí æóíóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÑúÌöÚõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ ßóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóåóÐöåö ÃóÞúæóÇáõåõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ.
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(1) ä: æóáóÇ ÏóÚúæóì ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö¡ ã: æóáóÇ ÏóÚúæóì ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ.
(2) ÎóÇãöÓñ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáËøóáóÇËö¡ æóåõæó íõÄóßøöÏõ ÕöÍøóÉó ÊóÕúæöíÈö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì.
(3) ã: áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑö
(4) È: ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: áöÞóÖóÇíöåö.
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.(6/440)
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöíåö ÎöáóÇÝõ Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö íõäóÇÙöÑõæäóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóíóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöÞóæúáöåöãóÇ. ÝóÌóãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÊóÑóßõæåõ ãöäú Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò (1) ¡ æóÌóãóÚó ÈóÚúÏóåõ (2) ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ (3) ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÃóßúÈóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈößóËöíÑò (4) ÐóßóÑóåõ (5) Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóíúåö ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò (6) .
æóåóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãñ ãóÚó ÚõáóãóÇÁò íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ßóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó (7) ÃóßúËóÑó ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÃóÈóÇ íõæÓõÝó¡ æóáóÇ äóÇÙóÑóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú ÊõæõÝøöíó ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËò æóËóãóÇäöíäó (8) æóÞóÏöãó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóäúåõ.
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(1) æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ ÏóÇÎöáó ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃõãøö áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö 7/163 - 191 Ø. ãóßúÊóÈóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøóÉö 1381 1961 æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÓöÒúßöíäõ ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 185 Åöáóì æõÌõæÏöåö Ýöí ØóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1321 - 1326 Ýöí 7/151 - 177
(2) ã: ÈóÚúÏó
(3) ã: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 2/106.
(4) È: ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó ßóÈöíÑðÇ.
(5) ÐóßóÑóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(6) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ æóáóßöäú ÐóßóÑó áóåõ ÓöÒúßöíäõ ã [0 - 9] ¡ Ì 3 Õ 198 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ãöäúåõ äõÓúÎóÉð ÎóØøöíøóÉð Ýöí íõæÓõÝó ÃóÛóÇ ÈóÞõæäöíóÉó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÒøöÑößúáöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 7/346 ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ßöÊóÇÈó ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãõÚúÌóãó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 12/78
(7) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ.
(8) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/471¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó Ãóäøóåõ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 182(6/441)
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ýöí (1) ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌöåöãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãñ Èößóæúäö ÛóíúÑöåöãú íóäúÝöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌðÇ áöÞóæúáöåöãú (2) ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÇáúÌóåúáö.
æóãöäú ÊóæóÇÈöÚö Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÔõíõæÎöåöãú: Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóÇÆöáõåõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóÇÆöáõåõ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÚöäúÏóåõãõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóÇÆöáõåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ (3) : áöÃóäøó ÞóÇÆöáóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ýóåóáú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÌóåúáö æóãöäú Ãóíúäó íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÂÎóÑó æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÞóÇÆöáõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ!
æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó æõÌõæÏõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú (4) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú (5) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ. æóáöãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúÑóÝõ æóÃóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÂÎóÑó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáóåõ ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáóåõ ÔóíúØóÇäñ ãöäú ÔóíóÇØöíäö ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáúÅöäúÓö¿ Ýóåõãú íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö æóÕöÍøóÊöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ åõäóÇ: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ (6) ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÞóÇÆöáö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö. æóåóÐóÇ (7) ÍóÇáõ ãóäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú äõæÑö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÑóÓõæáóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÙõáõãóÇÊö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö¡ ÙõáõãóÇÊñ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò.
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(2) áöÞóæúáöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÞóÇáó.
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(6) ä¡ ã: ßóãóÇ.
(7) ä¡ È: æóåóÐöåö.(6/442)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÇáæÌå ÇáËÇäí ãä æÌæå ÅãÇãÉ Úáí æåæ æÌæÈ ÇáäÕ Úáì ÇáÅãÇã æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúæóÌúåõ (2) ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ ãöäú ÈõØúáóÇäö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑöíäó (3) áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö (4) ¡ æóáöÃóÏóÇÆöåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö (5) æóÇáÊøóÔóÇÌõÑö¡ ÝóíõÄóÏøöí äóÕúÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Åöáóì ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí (6) áöÃóÌúáö ÅöÚúÏóÇãö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ãöäúåóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈúäóÇ äóÕúÈóåõ. æóÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò (7) ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú áóãú íóßõäú ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÈöãóäúÚò (8) ÇáúãõÞúÏøöãóÊóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚó åõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÃóÙúåóÑõ æóÃóÈúíóäõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö¡ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. æóÐóåóÈóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö.
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 146 (ã) .
(2) ÇáúæóÌúåõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
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(4) ß: áöáúÂÎóÑö.
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(6) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÐöí.
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(8) ã: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ(6/443)
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú áóãú íóßõäú ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö " ßóÐöÈñ ãõÊóíóÞøóäñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáäøóÕøö Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö Èóäöí ÌöäúÓöåö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÈóÑøóÒöíäó Úóáóì ØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉó ßõáøóåóÇ ÌõåøóÇáñ. æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóãóäú áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ ÈöãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóíúÝó íóÏøóÚöí ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¿ !
æóäõÌöíÈõ åõäóÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÈò ËóÇáöËò ãõÑóßøóÈò (2) ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: áóÇ íóÎúáõæÇ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑó. ÝóÅöäö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ãóäóÚúäóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó¡ Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÕøó ËóÇÈöÊñ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúÊóÈóÑú ÈóØóáóÊö [ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ] (3) ÇáúÃõæáóì.
æóåõäóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÑóÇÈöÚñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóíóÚõæÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáäøóÕøö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáøóÐöí íõÏøóÚóì áóåõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ. æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÈóÚúÏõ áóÇ äóÕøñ æóáóÇ ÚöÕúãóÉñ¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÕöÍøóÉó Þóæúáöåö: ÃóäóÇ (4) ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöí " ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúáóÛö ÇáúÌóåúáö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ.
æóÌóæóÇÈñ ÎóÇãöÓñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÊóÚúäöí ÈöÞóæúáößó: " íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö "¿ (5) . áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡
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(1) ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) È: æóäõÌöíÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó åõäóÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÈò ËóÇáöËò ãõÑóßøóÈò¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíóÉó: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó. . . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Þóæúáõåõ: æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: ÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò¡ ßóÐöÈñ ãõÊóíóÞøóäñ ÅöáóÎú.
(3) ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (È) .
(4) ã: ÕöÍøóÉõ Þóæúáöåö ÈóÚúÏõ ÃóäóÇ.
(5) ä¡ È: íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö.(6/444)
ÝóÇÓúãóÚõæÇ áóåõ æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ (1) ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö¿ Ãóãú áóÇ íóÕöíÑõ åóÐóÇ (2) ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÚúÞóÏó (3) áóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó¿ .
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö. Þöíáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáäøóÕøö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö. æóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÊõäúßöÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó¡ æóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÊøóåóãõæäó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò (4) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÃóÏøóì (5) Åöáóì ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö æóÇáÊøóÔóÇÌõÑö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó æóÊõÚúáóãõ ÏóáóÇáóÊõåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÝóáóíúÓóÊú ßõáøõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãóäúÕõæÕóÉð äóÕøðÇ ÌóáöíøðÇ íóÓúÊóæöí Ýöí Ýóåúãöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøõ æóÇáúÎóÇÕøõ (6) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÌöÈõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò íõßúÊóÝóì ÝöíåóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö¡ ÝóáóÃóäú íõßúÊóÝóì ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÅöãóÇãò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì. ÝóÅöäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö íõãúßöäõ äóÕøõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ýöí Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú (7) ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö.
æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÈóíøöäóÉñ¡ áóãú
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(1) ã: Ëõãøó íóßõæäõ.
(2) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) È: íóÚúÞöÏó¡ ã: ÊóÚúÊóÞöÏó¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ä) .
(4) È: áóÇ íóÊøóåöãõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ.
(5) ä: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÏøóì¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÄóÏøöí.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ.
(7) ã: ãöäö.(6/445)
íõäóÇÒöÚú ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóãóäú äóÇÒóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö áóãú íõäóÇÒöÚú Ýöí Ãóäøó (1) ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ØóáóÈó Ãóäú íõæóáøóì æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ãóÚó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó áóåõãú (2) åóæðì ãõäöÚõæÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö.
Þöíáó: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõãú åóæðì ÚóÕóæúÇ Êöáúßó ÇáäøõÕõæÕó æóÃóÚúÑóÖõæÇ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóíúÊõãú ÃóäúÊõãú Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóãóÚó ÞóÕúÏöåöãõ ÇáúÞóÕúÏó ÇáúÍóÞøó íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÈöåóÐóÇ¡ æóãóÚó ÇáúÚöäóÇÏö áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ åóÐóÇ.
æóÌóæóÇÈñ ÓóÇÏöÓñ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóì æóÌúåóíúäö: äóÕøñ ßõáøöíøñ (3) ÚóÇãøñ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÃóÚúíóÇäóåóÇ¡ æóäóÕøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõãú: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö. Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõãõ ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì (4) ÇáúÚóÇãøö Çáúßõáøöíøö: [Úóáóì] (5) ãóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ áöáúÅöãóÇãö¡ æóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ áóåõ¡ ßóÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßøóÇãö æóÇáúãõÝúÊöíäó æóÇáÔøõåõæÏö æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáúãõÄóÐøöäöíäó æóÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ æóÛóíúÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó - ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ (6) ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - ßóËöíÑóÉñ (7) ¡ ßóãóÇ åöíó ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú äóÕøò Úóáóì ÃóÚúíóÇäö ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì.
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(1) ä¡ È: áóãú íõäóÇÒöÚú ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí Ãóäú¡ ã: áóãú íõäóÇÒöÚú Ãóäú¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: áóåõ.
(3) È: Ìóáöíøñ
(4) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(5) Úóáóì ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(6) ä¡ È: ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ.
(7) ã: ßóËöíÑðÇ.(6/446)
Þöíáó: ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ. æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ Íõßúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æöáóÇíóÉð ãóÇ Åöáóì (1) ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò æóáóÇ æóÇÞöÚò. æóÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò Ïõæäó ãõÚóíøóäò áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÚóíøóäò¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ äóÕøðÇ (2) Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäöíäó.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: íõãúßöäõ ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãò¡ æóíõÝóæøóÖõ Åöáóíúåö (3) ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ.
[Þöíáó: æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóäõÕøó Úóáóì ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ] (4) ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐõåõ æóÒöíÑðÇ¡ æóÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕõ Úóáóì Úóíúäöåö: Ãóåõæó (5) ãóÚúÕõæãñ Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöíåö Ãóæú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò¿ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó äõæøóÇÈõåõ ßõáøõåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ (6) ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö. æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó (7) ÛóíúÑó ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÒúãöäóÉö ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åõæó ãóÚúÕõæãñ Ýöíãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ïõæäó ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö.
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(1) ã: Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãóÇ Åöáóì¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä¡ ã: äõÕøó.
(3) ã: Úóáóíúåö.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(5) ã: åõæó.
(6) ßõáøõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(7) ã: Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/447)
Þöíáó: ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ (1) Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Ýöí ßöáóíúåöãóÇ (2) ¡ æóÚöáúãõåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÇÖöÑö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Úöáúãöåö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ æóáóíúÓó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑö¿
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÇáäøóÕøõ ãõãúßöäñ¡ Ýóáóæú äóÕøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÎóáöíÝóÉò. Þöíáó: ÝóäóÕøõåõ Úóáóì ÎóáöíÝóÉò ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßóÊóæúáöíóÉö æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äóÔúÊóÑöØõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó áóÇ (3) Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ.
æóÌóæóÇÈñ ÓóÇÈöÚñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõãõ ÇáäøóÕøó¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íõÝúÖöíó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÔóÇÌõÑö¡ ÇáúãõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí (4) áöÃóÌúáö ÅöÚúÏóÇãö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ãöäúåóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõãú äóÕúÈóåõ.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Êóæóáøóì ÈöÏõæäö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö. æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÊóæóáøóíóÇ ÈöÏõæäö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö. (* ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÙõãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚóíúÊõãú Ãóäøóåõ ãóäúÕõæÕñ Úóáóíúåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÔóÇÌõÑö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö *) (5) [ÇáøóÊöí] áöÃóÌóáò (6) ÅöÚúÏóÇãö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ãöäúåóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõãú äóÕúÈóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõæåõ æóÓöíáóÉð ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ãóÚóåõ äóÞöíÖõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ [æóÍóÕóáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ] (7) ÈöÏõæäö æóÓöíáóÊößõãú¡ ÝóÈóØóáó ßóæúäõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ æóÓöíáóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö.
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(1) ä: ÇáÏøóÇÚöíóÉõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ßöáóÇåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÐöí.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) ã: ãóÇ áöÃóÌóáò æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáøóÊöí ãöäú (ä) .
(7) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÍóÕóáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .(6/448)
æóåóÐóÇ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóæúÌóÈõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú¡ ÝóáóÒöãó ãöäú ßóÐöÈöåöãú æóÌóåúáöåöãú åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ.
æóÌóæóÇÈñ ËóÇãöäñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáäøóÕøõ (1) ÇáøóÐöí íõÒöíáõ åóÐóÇ (2) ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó íóßõæäõ Úóáóì æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ [- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (3) ÈöæöáóÇíóÉö ÇáÔøóÎúÕö æóíõËúäöí Úóáóíúåö Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÊóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Åöäú (4) Êóæóáøóì ßóÇäó ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ ãóÑúÖöíøðÇ¡ ÝóíóÑúÊóÝöÚõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞõáú: æóáøõæåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑó ÈöÃõãõæÑò ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÕóáóÇÍó ÇáúæõáóÇÉö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú (5) íóÃúãõÑó ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÔóÎúÕðÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉñ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö. æóåóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (6) .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÑöíÏó ßöÊóÇÈóÉó ßöÊóÇÈò¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóÇ íõæóáøõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó ÈöÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöÔóÎúÕò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓõäøóÉö ÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøöíäó¡ æóíóÌúÚóáó
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(1) ÇáäøóÕøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) .
(4) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ.
(5) ã: ãóäú.
(6) ã: áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.(6/449)
ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõãú Åöáóì ãõÏøóÉò ãõÚóíøóäóÉò¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöíäó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãõÏøóÉö åõãõ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó.
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íóÎõÕøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö ÈöÃóãúÑò íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóåõäóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÊóÇÓöÚñ (1) : æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÊóÑúßõ ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó (2) ÇáäøóÕøõ áöíóßõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó (3) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö (4) ÝóÞóÏú íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏñ (5) ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ãóäú íõÑóÇÌöÚó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö áöíóÑõÏøóåõ Ãóæú íóÚúÒöáóåõ (6) ¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóäõÕøó (7) Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö. æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú íõæóáøöíåö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ (8) ÃóÎúØóÃó Ãóæú ÃóÐúäóÈó Ãóãúßóäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÈóíóÇäõ ÎóØóÆöåö æóÑóÏøõ ÐóäúÈöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ðóáößó æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÚóÒúáõåõ áöÊóæúáöíóÉö (9) ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó (10) ÚóÏóãõ ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò - ãóÚó Úöáúãö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÏöíäöåöãú - ÃóÕúáóÍó áöáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó æóÞóÚó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ áóæú äóÕøó Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò áöíõÄúÎóÐó ÇáÏøöíäõ ãöäúåõ (11) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóæøóáóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡
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(2) È: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó.
(3) ã: ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ.
(4) ä: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãñ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö.
(5) ä¡ È: ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
(6) ã: Ãóæú íóÞõæáóåõ.
(7) ä¡ È: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóäõÕøõ¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóäõÕøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(8) ä¡ È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ.
(9) ä¡ È: ÚóÒúáõ ÊóæúáöíóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(10) ã: Ýóßõáøõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(11) ä: áöíóÃúÎõÐó ÇáÏøöíäó ãöäúåõ¡ ã: áöíóÃúÎõÐó ÇáÏøöíäó ãóÚóåõ.(6/450)
ÈóØóáóÊú ÍõÌøóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÔóÎúÕñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó.
æóãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó æóÛóíúÑóåóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Çááøóåõ áöãõÍóãøóÏò [- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (1) æóÃõãøóÊöåö Ãóßúãóáõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
æóÌóæóÇÈñ ÚóÇÔöÑñ: æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ¡ æóÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊõ ÞóÏú äõÕøó [ÚóáóíúåóÇ] (2) . Ýóáóæú äóÕøó Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò æóÃóãóÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóãóÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ æóÇÝóÞóÊö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö Ãóæú ÎóÇáóÝóÊúåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóãóÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÅöÐóÇ ØóÇÈóÞóÊö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Íõßúãõ ßõáøö ãõÊóæóáøò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýóáóæú äóÕøó Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò áóßóÇäó ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ íóÙõäøõ ÇáÙøóÇäøõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõ¡ ÅöÐú ØóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈóÊú ÈöÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóáóÇ äóÕøó ãóÚóåõ.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò íóäõÕøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ.
æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉñ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö ÝóÑúÚñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÃóÝúÓóÏö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö.
ÝóßóÐóáößó åóÐóÇ¡ ÃóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöØóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÑóÏøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÅöÐóÇ äõæÒöÚó.
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(1) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) .
(2) ÚóáóíúåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) È: ÝóßóÐóáößó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÃóÚúäöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó(6/451)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÑõÏøõ ãóÇ ÊõäõæÒöÚó Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö (1) áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú ÍöíäóÆöÐò Åöáóì äóÕøò Úóáóíúåö áöÍöÝúÙö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÏøöíäó (2) ãóÍúÝõæÙñ ÈöÏõæäöåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò: Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ íõØóÇÚõ ßóãóÇ íõØóÇÚõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö (3) æóíóäúåóì Úóäúåõ æóíõÈöíÍõåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó (4) áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú (* íõäóÇÒöÚóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ ßóãóÇ áóíúÓó [áóåõ] (5) Ãóäú *) (6) íõäóÇÒöÚõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÈöÏøõ ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ãóÚóåõ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóåóÐóÇ (7) áóÇ íóßõæäõ áöÃóÍóÏò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ åóÐóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ áóÇ íóÃúÊöíåö ÇáúæóÍúíõ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÃúÊöíåö¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÃóÍóÏñ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÚóÑóÝóåõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÓóÈöíáñ Åöáóì ãõãóÇËóáóÊöåö: áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Ãóäøóåõ íõÈóíøöäõ áöáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÃóäú íóÊóæóáøóì Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóæöáóÇíóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÃóÕúáóÍõ áóßõãú Ýöí Ïöíäößõãú æóÏõäúíóÇßõãú¡ æóäóÍúæó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãö Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö - ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
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(6) ãöËúáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (È) .(6/453)
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(9) ã: áöáÕøöÏøöíÞö.
(10) ã: ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóØøõ.(6/454)
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöáÔøóÑúÚöº áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÇáúæóÍúíö ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞõÕõæÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóäú ÊóÝóÇÕöíáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö (2) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóäúÕõæÈò (3) ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ãóÚúÕõæãò ãöäó ÇáÒøóáóáö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö (4) ¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÊúÑõßó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ Ãóæú íóÒöíÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÚóãúÏðÇ Ãóæú ÓóåúæðÇ. æóÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò (5) áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöáÔøóÑúÚö¡ Èóáú íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÍóÇÝöÙóÉð áöáÔøóÑúÚö. æóÍöÝúÙõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Èóáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÅöÐóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóäúÞõáóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåöãú (6) ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÊõäúÞóáõ ÈöÚöÕúãóÉò (7) ¡ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ. æóÚöÕúãóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÍóÕóáó Ýöí äóÞúáöåöãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÚöäúÏó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ßõáøöåöãú ãöäú ÚöÕúãóÉö ãóäú (8) áóíúÓó ÈöäóÈöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó
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(4) ß (Õ 147 ã) : ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÒøóáóáö.
(5) ß: Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ä¡ È: Èöåö.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÊóäúÞõáõ ÈóÚúÖóåõ¡ È: íõäúÞóáõ ÈöÚöÕúãóÉò¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(8) ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(6/457)
æóÚóáöíøðÇ - æóáóæú Þöíáó Åöäøóåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó - ÝóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ ÃóÈúáóÛõ ãöãøóÇ äóÞóáóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó (1) ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóØúÚóäõæäó Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáäøóÇÞöáö áóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö íõßóÝøöÑõåõ¿ .
æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó ÇáúßóËöíÑöíäó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊõÚúáóãú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõãú.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ Èöåö ãóäú íóßõæäõ (2) ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöáÔøóÑúÚö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿ Ãóæú ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿ ÝóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØóÊö (3) ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÑøóÑúÊõåõ¡ æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóáóíúåö (4) . æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØóÊú (5) ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúÝóÙó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú åóãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÈóØóáó ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÚúäöí (6) Èößóæúäöåö ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöáÔøóÑúÚö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ Ãóäøóåõ (7) áóÇ íóÚúáöãõ ÕöÍøóÉó ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÞúáöåö¿ Ãóãú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÕöÍøóÉó ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÏõæäö äóÞúáöåö¿ .
Åöäú (8) ÞõáúÊó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí (9) áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú áóÇ Åöáóì ÍöÝúÙöåö æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåö (10) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ
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(1) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(2) È: ãóäú ßóÇäó.
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(7) È: æóÃóäøóåõ.
(8) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäú.
(9) ã: ÇáËøóÇäöí.
(10) ã: áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÍöÝúÙò æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÚöÕúãóÉò.(6/458)
ÅöÐóÇ (1) Ãóãúßóäó ÍöÝúÙõ ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÏõæäöåö¡ Ãóãúßóäó ÍöÝúÙõ ÇáúÂÎóÑó¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÍúÝóÙó ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ßõáøõåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóíúåö.
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ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÍõÌøóÉñ (3) Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÞúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÍøóÉõ äóÞúáöåö ÍóÊøóì íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÚöÕúãóÉö ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÍöÝúÙõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóãú ÊõÚúáóãú ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝóÈöãóÇÐóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ äõÈõæøóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚöäúÏó ãóäú íõÞöÑøõ ÈöäõÈõæøóÊöåö¿
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÈöãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö.
Þöíáó: ãóäú áóãú íõÞöÑøó ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò áóãú íõÞöÑøó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ Èóáú íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÈöãóÇ ÊóäúÞõáõåõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ äóÞúáðÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö¡ ßóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó äóÞúáõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÍõÌøóÉð íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöåóÇ ÃóÕúáõ äõÈõæøóÊöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöåóÇ (4) ÝõÑõæÚõ ÔóÑöíÚóÊöåö¿
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó: åóáú íõãúßöäõåõ ÊóÈúáöíÛõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Åöáóì ãóäú íóäúÞõáõåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¿ [Ãóãú] (5) áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ãóäúÞõæáðÇ äóÞúáó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò¿
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(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú.
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(4) ã: Èöåö.
(5) Ãóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (È) : Ãóæú.(6/459)
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ íõãúßöäõåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõãúßöäõåõ Ðóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì äóÞúáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ Ðóáößó.
áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÇáäøóÞóáóÉõ áóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍó Ýöí äõÈõæøóÊöåö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Åöäøóåõãú [íóÞõæáõæäó] Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ íóÔóÇÄõæäó (1) ¡ æóíóÕöíÑõ (2) Ïöíäõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÔóÑøðÇ ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóÆöãøóÊóåõãú íóÎúÊóÕøõæäó ÈöÚöáúãöåö æóäóÞúáöåö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ (3) : Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ íõäúÞöÕõ ãöäú ÞóÏúÑö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí íõÏøóÚóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó Ýöíåö æóÍõÝöÙó ãöäú ÚóÕóÈóÊöåö (4) ¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáÊøõåóãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍó Ýöí äõÈõæøóÊöåö. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ØóÇáöÈó ãõáúßò ÃóÞóÇãóåõ áöÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö (5) ¡ æóÚóåöÏó Åöáóíúåöãú ãóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõæäó Èöåö Çáúãõáúßó¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑö Çáúãõáúßö ÃóÔúÈóåó ãöäúåõ ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÚúÕõæãò Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóäóÞúáöåö¡ [æóÍöíäóÆöÐò] (6) ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÝöÙõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÈóáøóÛõæåõ åõãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó (7) ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÕóáó Èöåöãú ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÍöÝúÙö
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(1) ä¡ È: Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁõæÇ.
(2) ã: Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) È: ÚöÕúãóÊöåö.
(5) ä¡ È: ÃóÞóÇÑöÈõåõ áöÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) æóÍöíäóÆöÐò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(7) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõæäó.(6/460)
ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö ãöäó ÇáäøóÞóáóÉö ÍóÕóáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉó.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóÇáúÈóáóÇÛö ËóÇÈöÊóÉð áößõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ ÍóãóáóÊúåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö. ÝóÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁõ ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Ýöí Ýóåúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Úóáóì (1) ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÛúäóì Çááøóåõ Èöåö (2) Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãóÚúÏõæãò.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚó æóíõÈóáøöÛõåõ (3) ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò ãóÚúÕõæãò Úóäú ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑõ áóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð áóãú íóÃúÎõÐú Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó ÚóáöãúÊõãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¿ æóáöãó áóÇ [íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú] íóßõæäó (4) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞúÑóÄõæäóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö [Çááøóåö] (5) ¿ .
æóßóÐóáößó ãöäú Ãóíúäó áóßõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú áóãú ÊóÓúãóÚõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÚúÕõæãòº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÅöãøóÇ ãóÝúÞõæÏñ æóÅöãøóÇ (6) ãóÚúÏõæãñ.
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(1) ä¡ È: Ýöí
(2) È: Èöåö Çááøóåõ¡ ã: ÃóÛúäóì Ãóäú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) È¡ ã: æóÊóÈúáöíÛõåõ.
(4) ä¡ È: æóáöãó áóÇ íóßõæäõ.
(5) áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö áóíúÓó Ýöí (ä) .
(6) ã: Ãóæú.(6/461)
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÈöäóÞúáöåöãú (1) Úóäö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó.
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóæóÇÊõÑõ (2) ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößõãú Úóäö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö íõæÌöÈõ ÍöÝúÙó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóäóÞúáóåõ¡ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóæóÇÊõÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßõáøöåóÇ Úóäú äóÈöíøöåóÇ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÍöÝúÙö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóäóÞúáöåö¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÍúÊöíóÇÌò Åöáóì äóÞúáö æóÇÍöÏò Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò (3) ¿ .
æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ãóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãú [ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãóæúÑõæËö] (4) Úóãøóäú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö íõÛúäöíåöãú Úóäú ÃóÎúÐö ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóÑö¡ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäú äóÈöíøöåóÇ íõÛúäöíåóÇ Úóäú ÃóÎúÐö ÔóíúÁò Úóãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¿ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõæäóåõ Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ËóÇÈöÊñ (5) ¡ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÊóäúÞõáõåõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóäú äóÈöíøöåóÇ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ¿ .
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ãóÌúãõæÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ÃóÖúÚóÇÝö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÈößóËöíÑò¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÍúÑóÕõ Úóáóì [ÍöÝúÙö] (6) Ïöíäö äóÈöíøöåöãú æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö (7) ¡ ÃóÞúÏóÑõ (8) Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö: Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóäóÞúáöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõßó: " áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÇáúæóÍúíö æóÞõÕõæÑö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóäú ÊóÝóÇÕöíáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö " ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ Èöåö ÞõÕõæÑóåóÇ Úóäú ÈóíóÇäò ÌõÒúÆöíøò ÈöÚóíúäöåö¿ Ãóæú ÞõÕõæÑóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Çáúßõáøöíøö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇæöáö áöáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¿
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(1) È: íóäúÞõáõåõãú¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .
(2) È: äóÞúáõ.
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) (È) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ËóÇÈöÊðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ÍöÝúÙö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(7) È: æóÊóÈúáöíÛöåö.
(8) È: æóÃóÞúÏóÑõ.(6/462)
ÝóÅöäö ÇÏøóÚóíúÊó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ Þöíáó áóßó: æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò (1) ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóãöíÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó (2) ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõÎóÇØöÈóåõãú ÈößóáóÇãò ÚóÇãøò íóÚõãøõ ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäó æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚö Ãóäú íõÚóíøöäó ÈöÎöØóÇÈöåö ßõáøó ÝöÚúáò ãöäú [ßõáøö] (3) ÝóÇÚöáò Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò¡ ÝóÅöÐðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ Çáúßõáøöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ Çáúßõáøöíøõ ãõãúßöäñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóÅöäö ÇÏøóÚóíúÊó Ãóäøó äóÝúÓó äõÕõæÕö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóíúÓóÊú ÚóÇãøóÉð ßõáøöíøóÉð.
Þöíáó áóßó: åóÐóÇ ãóãúäõæÚñ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íõãúäóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýöí äõÕõæÕö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ ÝóãóäúÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú äõÕõæÕö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÍúÑóì¡ ÝóÃóäúÊó ãõÖúØóÑøñ Ýöí ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÃóãúÑóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ ËõÈõæÊõ Úõãõæãö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ËõÈõæÊõ Úõãõæãö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö. æóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóãúßóäó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäöåö (4) ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú (5) ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäö Þóæúãöåö áöíõÈóíøöäó áóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 4] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöÆóáøóÇ íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõÓõáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 165] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ ÇáúãõÈöíäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 54] æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó.
[ÝóíõÞóÇáõ:] (6) æóåóáú (7) ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö (8) ÈöÈóíóÇäö ÇáÑøõÓõæãö Ãóãú áóÇ¿
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(1) ã: æóßóáóÇãõ ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò.
(2) ä: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÅöÍóÇØóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(3) ßõáøö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ä: ËóÈóÇÊõåõ¡ È: ËõÈõæÊõ.
(5) ã¡ È: ÞóÏú.
(6) ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(7) ä¡ È: åóáú.
(8) ä¡ È: ÇáúÍóÞøö.(6/463)
ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÞõãú (1) ÈóØóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÈóíóÇäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ãõÚóíøóäò ÂÎóÑó (2) íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì ÈóíóÇäöåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú [ÍöÝúÙö] (3) ÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÞöáóÉö áößóáóÇãö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÈóíóÇäöåö ßóÇÝöíóÉñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú Öóãöäó Çááøóåõ ÍöÝúÙó ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÐøößúÑö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó Ðóáößó ãóÃúãõæäðÇ Ãóäú íõÈóÏøóáó Ãóæú íõÛóíøóÑó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÏóÚúæóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóÎúÐõæáöíäó Ãóäøó Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóÇ íõÍúÝóÙõ æóáóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÅöÝúÓóÇÏö áöÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö (4) . æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ - æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ áóæóÇÒöãóåõ - ÅöáøóÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ ãõáúÍöÏñ¡ ÞóÇÕöÏñ (5) áöÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóáóÇ íóÑõæÌõ åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãõÝúÑöØò Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈóáóÛóåõãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÈöÏõæäö äóÞúáö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑó ÈóÚóËó Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú Úóáøóãóåõãú æóÝóÞøóåóåõãú¡ æóÇÊøóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó Åöáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåõ Úóáöíøñ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ãóÚúáõæãñ. æóáóæú áóãú íõÍúÝóÙö ÇáÏøöíäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäú Úóáöíøò áóÈóØóáó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõäúÞóáó Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÅöáøóÇ ÃóãúÑñ Þóáöíáñ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ
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(1) ã: ÝóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú.
(2) ã: Åöáóì ÂÎóÑó ãõÚóíøóäò.
(3) ÍöÝúÙö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(4) ã: ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ áöÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
(5) ÞóÇÕöÏñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(6/464)
æóÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäúåõ áóíúÓó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ (1) ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãñ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ Íóæúáó æóáóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÓúÎóÝó ÚõÞõæáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÇáæÌå ÇáÑÇÈÚ ãä æÌæå ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ãä Çááå ÊÚÇáì ÞÇÏÑ Úáì äÕÈ ÅãÇã ãÚÕæã]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: (3) Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö [ÅöãóÇãò] (4) ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóÍóÇÌóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ äóÕúÈõåõ. æóÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ (5) ¡ ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ åõæó Úóáöíøñ (6) . ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÝóÙóÇåöÑóÉñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ÝóÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÃóíúÖðÇ áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãö. æóÃóãøóÇ [ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ] (7) ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ (8) ÃóíúÖðǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉó áóÇÒöãóÉñ áöÚóÏóãöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ æõÌõæÈõ äóÕúÈöåö¡ ÝóáöÃóäøó (9) ÚöäúÏó ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóáóßöäú ÞóÑøóÑóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú (10)
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(1) ã: ÈöãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò¡ È: ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 147 (ã) .
(3) ä: ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ.
(4) ÅöãóÇãò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ß: ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
(6) È: åõæó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ß: åõæó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(7) ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(8) È: ÝóÙóÇåöÑóÉñ.
(9) È: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ.
(10) ä¡ È: æóÞõÏøöãóÊú.(6/465)
ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉõ Úóäúåõ ÈöãóäúÚö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÈóíóÇäö ÝóÓóÇÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÈúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÃóÛúäóì Úóäú ÚöÕúãóÉö [Úóáöíøò] (1) ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÈóØóáóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ [ÝóÈóØóáó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ] (2) Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö.
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÊõËúÈöÊõ (3) ÃõÕõæáõåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóåõãú ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóÇÊö (4) ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÇ (5) ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö (6) æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó (7) ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÇáäøóÕøó¡ æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó. ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚõæäó áöáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑö (8) ÈöÈóíóÇäö ÝóÓóÇÏöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÚöÕúãóÉó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãõÛúäöíóÉñ Úóäú ÚöÕúãóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ (9) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: áöÃóäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÏøóáõæÇ Ïöíäóåõãú ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøðÇ
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(1) Úóáöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÈóØóáó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(3) È: ÈóäóÊú.
(4) ã: æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö.
(5) ÈöåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(6) ä¡ È: ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
(7) È: ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
(8) ä¡ ã: ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö.
(9) ã: ãóÇ.(6/466)
íõÈóíøöäõ (1) ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÚöÕúãóÊõåóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú íõÈóÏøöáó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÞóÇãó Çááøóåõ ãóäú íõÈóíøöäõ ÎóØóÃóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÏøóáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ (2) Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáò.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ áóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú æóáóÇ ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ» " (3) . æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÌóÇÑóßõãú Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö äóÈöíøößõãú Ãóäú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò» " (4) . Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Ãóäøó ÍóÇáóåõãú ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö Ãóßúãóáõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÍóÇáóåõãú ãóÚó ÚöÕúãóÉö äõæøóÇÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóßúãóáõ¡ æóÍóÇáóåõãú ãóÚó ÚöÕúãóÉö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ãóßúãóáõ. æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÊõÞóÏøöÑõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ãóßúãóáõ áößõáøò ãöäúåõãú íóÝúÚóáõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöÚúáõåõ.
æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøóåõãú ãóÚó ÚóÏóãöåö íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÚöíÔõæäó (5) Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõãú [äóæúÚñ] (6) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐóì.
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(1) ã: ÈöãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ.
(2) ã: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/461
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/129 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÇáúãóáóÇÍöãö ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÏóáóÇÆöáöåóÇ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÌóÇÑóßõãú ãöäú ËóáóÇËö ÎöáóÇáò: Ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÚõæó Úóáóíúßõãú äóÈöíøõßõãú ÝóÊóåúáóßõæÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÙúåóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãõÍóãøóÏ ãõÍúíöíö ÇáÏøöíäö ÚóÈúÏ ÇáúÍóãöíÏö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøõäóäö ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÝöíåö ÇäúÞöØóÇÚñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÃóÌóÇÑóßõãú ÍóãóÇßõãú¡ æóÃóáøóÇ íóÙúåóÑó Ãóíú áóÇ íóÛúáöÈõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö 2/67 æóÞóÇáó: ÖóÚöíÝñ.
(5) Ãóæú áóÇ íóÚöíÔõæäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (È) : áóÇ íóÚöíÔõæäó¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÍúíóæúäó ÍóíóÇÉð ØóíøöÈóÉð Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
(6) äóæúÚñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó (ä) ¡ (È) .(6/467)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßóÐóáößó. Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó ÅöÒóÇáóÉó åóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑóÇÖó (1) æóÇáúåõãõæãó æóÇáúÛõãõæãó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ¡ æóÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈó (2) : Ýöí ÇáúÃóåúáö æóÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÛóáóÇÁõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÆöÍõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÕöíÈõ ÇáËøöãóÇÑó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó (3) ãóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãó ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑóÑö ÈöÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÕöíÈõåõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íõÒöáú Ðóáößó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÚöäúÏó ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ".
íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áöãó (4) ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó ÇáÏøóÇÚöíó ËóÇÈöÊñ æóÇáÕøóÇÑöÝó ãõäúÊóÝò¿
æóÞóæúáõåõ (5) : " ÍóÇÌóÉñ (6) ÇáúÚóÇáóãö (7) ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóíúåö ".
íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáÏøóÇÚöí åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÏóÇÚöíðÇ áöáúÝóÇÚöáö¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ áöáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝöíåóÇ¿
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö " æóÃóäúÊó áóãú ÊóÏøóÚö ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÏøóÚóíúÊóåóÇ¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó (8) Ýöí Ðóáößó¿ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäøóÇ (9) íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÇáö (10) æóÇáÕøöÍøóÉö æóÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
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(1) ã: ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖó.
(2) ã: ÝóÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈõ.
(3) È: ÝóáóíúÓó.
(4) ã: æóáöãó.
(5) ä¡ ã: Þóæúáõåõ.
(6) ã: áöÃóäøó ÍóÇÌóÉó.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(8) ã: Ãóäú áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó.
(9) ãöäøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(10) ã: ÇáúßóãóÇáö.(6/468)
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò " ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ (1) Èöåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö (2) ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íóÎúáõÞö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑóåõ ßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõåõãú (3) ¿ Ãóãú ÊõÑöíÏõ (4) Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑò íóÎúáõÞõåõ (5) Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö¿
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ßóÇäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ãõÄúãöäò (6) ãóÚúÕõæãò ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ãõÄúãöäò æóßóÇÝöÑò ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö. ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÍóíøö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøóÉó ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ áóãú íóßõäú áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ËóæóÇÈñ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íõËóÇÈõæäó Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåöãú æóÊóÑúßö ãóÚóÇÕöíåöãú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ËóæóÇÈó áóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö¿
ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó ÇäúÊöÞóÇÖõ ãóÐúåóÈöåöãú ÍóíúËõ ÌóãóÚõæÇ Èóíúäó ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóíúäö (7) ¡ Èóíúäó ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÎóáúÞò ãóÚúÕõæãò Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÈóíúäó Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÌóÚúáö ÃóÍóÏò ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö áöáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÊóÑúßöåö áöáúãóÚóÇÕöí.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõßó (8) : " íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò "
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(1) È: ÃóíõÑöíÏõ.
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) È: Þóæúáõåõ.
(4) ä: ÊõÑöíÏõæäó¡ È: íõÑöíÏõ.
(5) ã: ÎóáóÞóåõ.
(6) ãõÄúãöäò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(7) ã: ãõäóÇÞöÖóíúäö.
(8) ã: Þóæúáõåõ.(6/469)
áóÝúÙñ ãõÌúãóáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÌóÚúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöÓúãö ÃóÓúæóÏó æóÃóÈúíóÖó¡ æóãõÊóÍóÑøößðÇ æóÓóÇßöäðÇ¡ æóãóíøöÊðÇ æóÍóíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÓóæøóÏóåõ (æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÈóíøóÖóåõ) æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó (1) ÃóÍúíóÇåõ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÃóãóÇÊóåõ¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÕöíÑõ ÃóÈúíóÖó æóÃóÓúæóÏó Ýöí ÍóÇáò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö (2) ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí Úõãõæãö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇááøóåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 284] .
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÞóæúáõßó: " ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö ÅöãóÇãò (3) ãóÚúÕõæãò " Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì Ãóäú íõäóÕøöÈó ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ æóíõáúåöãóåõ ÝöÚúáó ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÊóÑúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí. ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ßóÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ ÈöÌóÚúáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÞúÏõæÑóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÍößúãóÊõåõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöíóÉõ áöæõÌõæÏö Ðóáößó¡ ÇáøóÊöí íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó ÊóÚúáóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÌóãöíÚö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõäóÇÝöí [æõÌõæÏó] (4) Ðóáößó¿ .
æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÅöáøóÇ ÚöÙóãõ ÃóÌúÑö ÇáúãõØöíÚöíäó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÅöãóÇãñ ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóÔóÞøõ¡ ÝóËóæóÇÈõåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ (5) . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ íóÝõæÊõ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÒöÏúÊõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉó " æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÈóíøóÖóåõ " áöíóÓúÊóÞöíãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
(2) È: ÇáÖøöÏøóíúÞö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ãóØúÈóÚöíøñ.
(3) ÅöãóÇãò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) æõÌõæÏó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(5) È: ÃóßúËóÑõ.(6/470)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÍöÝúÙõ (1) ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÊóÝóÞøõåõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõãú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÚóãóáö [Èöåö] (2) ÊóÞöáøõ (3) ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ [ÝóÊóÝõæÊõ] (4) åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóãö æóÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÌóÚúáõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãõãóÇËöáðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáÔøõÈóåö æóÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÈó Ãóäú (5) íõÄúãöäó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ åóÐóÇ (6) ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ (7) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ¡ áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú ÎóÇÕøóÉõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÄúãöäó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó áóäóÇ ãóäú íõÓóÇæöíåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ áóæóÌóÈó (8) ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ ÝóíóÈúØõáõ (9) ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏúÚõæ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö: Ãóåõæó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ (10) Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÅöÒóÇáóÉö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¿ Ãóãú åõæó ÚóÇÌöÒñ Úóäú Ðóáößó (11) ¿ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÌöÒó áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóáóÇ ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ÊõÝöíÏõ (12) æõÌõæÏó ÏóÇÚöíóÉò Åöáóì
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(1) È: áöÍöÝúÙö.
(2) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáËøóáóÇËö¡ æóÒöÏúÊõåóÇ áöíóÊöãøó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
(3) ÊóÞöáøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(4) ÝóÊóÝõæÊõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) È: æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ åõäóÇ Èö åóÐóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
(7) È: ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ.
(8) ä: íõæÌöÈõ.
(9) ã: ÝóíóäúÙõÑõ.
(10) ã: åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ¡ È: Ãóåõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ.
(11) ä¡ ã: Ãóãú æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó.
(12) ä: ÊóÞúÈóáõ¡ È: ÊõÞöáøõ.(6/471)
ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ áóßöäøó ÍõÕõæáó ÇáÏøóÇÚöí (1) ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ.
Þöíáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏú (2) . æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö (3) ÇáöÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÞóÇÏöÑöíäó (4) Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóáóãú íóÝúÚóáõæåõ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÚõÕóÇÉð (5) áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞúÏöÑõæÇ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÚóÇÌöÒöíäó. ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇÒöãñ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóæú ßöáóÇåõãóÇ: ÇáúÚóÌúÒõ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ (6) ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö Úóáóì æõÌõæÏöåö. æóÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊõ áóÇ ÊõÚóÇÑóÖõ ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí [åóÐóÇ] (7) ÇáÒøóãóÇäö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÒúãöäóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÃóÍóÏñ íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö íóÌúáöÈõ ãõÕúáóÍóÉð Ãóæú íóÏúÝóÚõ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉð¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÈóÇØöáðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì äóÕúÈö ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó Ýöí äóÕúÈöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíõ [ÇáúÚóÇãøõ] (8) áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò¡ æóáóÇ íóßúÝöí Ýöí Ðóáößó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÚöáúãö áóíúÓó ÚöáúãðÇ
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(1) ÇáÏøóÇÚöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ È: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö.
(4) ã: ÞóÇÏöÑñ.
(5) È: ßóÇäõæÇ ÚõÕóÇÉð.
(6) ã: Ãóæö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ
(7) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(8) ÇáúÚóÇãøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .(6/472)
ÈöÇáúÚóÏóãö. Ëõãøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ØóÇÚóÉõ ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöäóÈöíøò æóÊóÕúÏöíÞõåõ ãöËúáó ØóÇÚóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãõØúáóÞðÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÓóÇæóì (1) ÇáäøóÈöíøó Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóæõÌõæÈö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóäóÝúíö ßõáøö ÛóáóØò ãöäúåõ (2) .
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÝóÃóíøõ (3) ÔóíúÁò ÎóÇÕøóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáøóÊöí ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöåóÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöäóÈöíøò¿ .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÈöäõÒõæáö ÇáúæóÍúíö Úóáóíúåö.
Þöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöäõÒõæáö ÇáúæóÍúíö Úóáóíúåö ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÑóÇÍó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóÈö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÍúÕõáõ áöáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÚöÕúãóÊõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöÅöáúåóÇãö ÇáúÍóÞøö áóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÍúíñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (4) ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö¡ Ãóæú íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑò æóÃóæóÇãöÑó ÒóÇÆöÏóÉò (5) . ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áóãú íóßõäú Åöáóíúåö ÍóÇÌóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö (6) . æóÃóæóÇãöÑöåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó (7) Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúÕõæãñ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ äóÈöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó (8) ÈöãõÈóáøöÛò Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Èóáú íóÍúÝóÙõ (9) ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ.
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(1) È: æóÃóäú íõÓóÇæöíó.
(2) ã: Úóäúåõ.
(3) ã: Ãóíøõ
(4) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ã: ÒöíóÇÏóÉò.
(6) ã: ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(7) ã: ÈöÛóíúÑö.
(8) ä¡ ã: ÈöÃóäú áóíúÓó.
(9) ä¡ È: íóÚúÑöÝõ.(6/473)
Þöíáó: íóÍúÝóÙõåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöäóÝúÓöåö ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíúåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÝóÈöÃóíøö ÔóíúÁò íóÕöáõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõåõ: ÃóÝóÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (1) Ãóãú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¿ ÝóÈöÃóíøö ØóÑöíÞò æóÕóáó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈöíäó¡ æóÕóáó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ãóÚó ÞöáøóÉö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØö.
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ ãóÕúáóÍóÉó Ýöí æõÌõæÏö ãóÚúÕõæãò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÅöáøóÇ æóåöíó ÍóÇÕöáóÉñ ÈöÏõæäöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÒõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚóÏóãöåö. ÝóÞóæúáõåõãú: " ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóíúåö " ãóãúäõæÚñ. æóÞóæúáõåõãú: " ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ Ýöíåö ãóÚúÏõæãóÉñ " ãóãúäõæÚñ.
Èóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö ; ÝóÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ [ãóÚóåõ] (2) ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ¡ æóÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ãóÚóåõ ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉñ. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ æõÌõæÏöåö ÞóÏú ÃóæúÌóÈó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáÙøóäøõ ÈöÊóÍóÞøõÞö æõÌõæÏöåö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÇáæÌå ÇáÎÇãÓ ãä æÌæå ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ãä ÇáÅãÇã íÌÈ Ãä íßæä ÃÝÖá ãä ÑÚíÊå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ (4) : Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö. æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãóåúáö (5) ÒóãóÇäöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÞúÏöíãö (6) ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÚóÞúáðÇ æóäóÞúáðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÝóãóäú íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íõÊøóÈóÚó Ãóãøóäú áóÇ íóåöÏøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÝóãóÇ áóßõãú ßóíúÝó ÊóÍúßõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 35] .
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(1) ã: ÅöÐú ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
(2) ãóÚóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 147 (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ.
(5) ä¡ È: ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö.
(6) áöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÞúÏöíãö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ß) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (È) áöíóÕöÍøó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ.(6/474)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ãóäúÚõ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåö. Èóáú ÎóíúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ æóÊóÞúÑöíÑõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: íóÌöÈõ ÊóæúáöíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö. æóÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíåóÇ áóåõº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó Ýöí [ÇáúÂíóÉö] : ãóäú íóåúÏöí (1) Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íóåöÏøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì. æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóåõ ÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ (2) ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ åõÏðì ßóËöíÑñ ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÚóáøõãò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÚúáóãõ ãöãøóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóíøõ [ÇáøóÐöí] (3) åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ áóãú íóÊóÚóáøóãú ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáøóÐöí (4) íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ãõØúáóÞðÇ åõæó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóåöÏøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÕöÝóÉõ ßõáøö ãóÎúáõæÞò áóÇ íõåúÏóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö æóåöíó Ãóäøó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó Çááøóåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÎóáúÞöåö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓöíóÇÞöåóÇ: {Þõáú åóáú ãöäú ÔõÑóßóÇÆößõãú ãóäú íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö Þõáú
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(1) ä¡ È: áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó Ýöíãóäú íóåúÏöí.
(2) ã: æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì Èöåö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ¡ È: æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóåúÏöíóåõ ÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ.
(3) ÇáøóÐöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÝóÇáøóÐöí. . . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(6/475)
Çááøóåõ íóåúÏöí áöáúÍóÞøö ÃóÝóãóäú íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íõÊøóÈóÚó Ãóãøóäú áóÇ íóåöÏøöí ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõåúÏóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 35] .
ÝóÇÝúÊóÊóÍó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Þõáú ãóäú íóÑúÒõÞõßõãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóãøóäú íóãúáößõ ÇáÓøóãúÚó æóÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑó æóãóäú íõÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúÍóíøó ãöäó ÇáúãóíøöÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 31] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {Þõáú åóáú ãöäú ÔõÑóßóÇÆößõãú ãóäú íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 35] .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÞõæáõ: æöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö æóÇÌöÈóÉñ¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäú [Ýöí] æöáóÇíóÉö (1) ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ ÑóÇÌöÍóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉñ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÈõÍõæËõ íóÈúÍóËõåóÇ ãóäú íóÑóì ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò [æóÚõãóÑó] (2) ¡ ßóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãóäú íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì ãóäúÚö åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. áóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó Ãóäú äõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõæäó Ãóäú íõÏöáøõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÏóáöíáò ÕóÍöíÍò¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÓóÏøõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ ÚóÇÌöÒöíäó Úóäú ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ [áóÇ] (3) íõãúßöäõåõãú ÊóÞúÑöíÑõ ÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑöíÑõ ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÑúæóÇäöíøóÉö.
æóãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÏöáøõ Èöåö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÞóÏú ÃóØúáóÞó (4) ÌöäúÓóåõ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãúº áöÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÃóÞúæóÇáóåõãõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉó (5) ãöäó ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖö æóÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ áöÞõæøóÉö Ìóåúáöåöãú¡ æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãõ Çáúåóæóì (6) ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò (7) .
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(1) ä: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú æöáóÇíóÉõ.
(2) æóÚõãóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(3) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ä¡ È: ÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáõæÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÉó.
(6) È: æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó æóÇáúåóæóì.
(7) È: ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(6/476)
[ÇáãäåÌ ÇáËÇäí ÚäÏ ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ýí ÇáÃÏáÉ ãä ÇáÞÑÂä Úáì ÅãÇãÉ Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
[ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÃæá " ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúãóäúåóÌõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãóÃúÎõæÐóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ßóËöíÑóÉñ (2) .
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóåõãú ÑóÇßöÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 55] æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò (3) . ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö (4) Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò: [ÞóÇáó] (5) : ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöåóÇÊóíúäö æóÅöáøóÇ ÕóãóÊóÇ (6) ¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ÈöåóÇÊóíúäö æóÅöáøóÇ ÚóãöíóÊóÇ (7) íóÞõæáõ: «Úóáöíøñ ÞóÇÆöÏõ ÇáúÈóÑóÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö¡ ÝóãóäúÕõæÑñ (8) ãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóãóÎúÐõæáñ (9) ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ " ÃóãóÇ Åöäøöí ÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãðÇ) (10) ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÙøõåúÑö¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÓóÇÆöáñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÚúØöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÑóÝóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ íóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøóßó ÊóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøöí) (11) ÓóÃóáúÊõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö
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(1) ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉö (ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ) ÊóÈúÏóÃõ äõÓúÎóÉõ (Ó) æóåöíó ãóÎúØõæØóÉõ ÌóÇãöÚóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÑóÞúãõ 4968¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí (ß) Õ [0 - 9] 47 (ã) - 149 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ.
(3) ß (Õ 148 ã) : Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(4) ã: Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ; ß: ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö.
(5) ÞóÇáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) ß: æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÕóãóÊóÇ.
(7) ß: æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÚóãöíóÊóÇ.
(8) ß: ãóäúÕõæÑñ.
(9) ß: ãóÎúÐõæáñ.
(10) íóæúãðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(11) ß: Çááøóåõãøó ÇÔúåóÏú Ãóäøöí.(7/5)
ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóáóãú íõÚúØöäöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÇßöÚðÇ¡ ÝóÃóæúãóÃó ÈöÎöäúÕóÑöåö (1) Çáúíõãúäóì¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÊóÎóÊøöãðÇ ÝöíåóÇ (2) ¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÎóÇÊóãó (3) ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÚóíúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (4) . ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊöåö ÑóÝóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÓóÃóáóßó æóÞóÇáó (5) : {ÑóÈøö ÇÔúÑóÍú áöí ÕóÏúÑöí - æóíóÓøöÑú áöí ÃóãúÑöí - æóÇÍúáõáú ÚõÞúÏóÉð ãöäú áöÓóÇäöí - íóÝúÞóåõæÇ Þóæúáöí - æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí - åóÇÑõæäó ÃóÎöí - ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÃóÒúÑöí - æóÃóÔúÑößúåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 25 - 32] (6) ÝóÃóäúÒóáúÊó Úóáóíúåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ äóÇØöÞðÇ: {ÓóäóÔõÏøõ ÚóÖõÏóßó ÈöÃóÎöíßó æóäóÌúÚóáõ áóßõãóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöáõæäó ÅöáóíúßõãóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 35] . Çááøóåõãøó æóÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÈöíøõßó æóÕóÝöíøõßó¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÝóÇÔúÑóÍú áöí ÕóÏúÑöí¡ æóíóÓøöÑú áöí ÃóãúÑöí¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí¡ ÚóáöíøðÇ (7) ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÙóåúÑöí " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò: " ÝóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÊóãøó ßóáóÇãõ (8) [ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö (9) ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ÇÞúÑóÃú.
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(1) ß: ÝóÃóæúãóÃó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÎöäúÕóÑöåö.
(2) ß: æóßóÇäó íóÊóÎóÊøóãõ ÈöåóÇ.
(3) ß: ÇáúÎóÇÊóãó ãöäú ÎöäúÕóÑöåö.
(4) Ó: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ß: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(5) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(6) ÒóÇÏóÊú (ß) : ßóíú äõÓóÈøöÍóßó ßóËöíÑðÇ.
(7) ß: ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÎöí.
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ßóáóÇãõåõ.
(9) ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.(7/6)
ÞóÇáó (1) : æóãóÇ (2) ÃóÞúÑóÃõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇÞúÑóÃú: {ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóåõãú ÑóÇßöÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 55] » .
æóäóÞóáó ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (3) ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò (4) ¡ æóÇáúæóáöíøõ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó áóåõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó (5) Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö (6) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö (7) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: " áóíúÓó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íõÞúÈóáó ÙóäøðÇ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ßóÐöÈñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáÓøóÝúÓóØóÉö. æóåõæó áóæú ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÙõäõæäðÇ (8) ßóÇäó ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ (9) ÈóÑóÇåöíäó ÊóÓúãöíóÉñ ãõäúßóÑóÉñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÛóíúÑöåö íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáúíóÞöíäó¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì Êöáúßó ÃóãóÇäöíøõåõãú Þõáú åóÇÊõæÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 111] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóãøóäú íóÈúÏóÃõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó Ëõãøó íõÚöíÏõåõ æóãóäú íóÑúÒõÞõßõãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö
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(1) ã: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(2) Ó: ãóÇ.
(3) Ó¡ ã¡ È: ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(4) ß: Õ 149 ã: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó.
(6) ß: ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
(7) ß: Çááøóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(8) ä: æóåõæó áóæú ÃóÝóÇÏóÊú ÙõäõæäðÇ¡ ã: æóåöíó áóæú ÃóÝóÇÏóÊú ÙõäõæäðÇ.
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ ã: íõÓóãøöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/7)
æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóÅöáóåñ ãóÚó Çááøóåö Þõáú åóÇÊõæÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 64] .
ÝóÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÈõÑúåóÇäò Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ÇáúãóÌúÒõæãõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÌóãöíÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÝöíåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÝóáóÇ (1) íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ÍõÌøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÌóãöíÚõ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊöåóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉó íõãúÊóäóÚõ Ãóäú ÊóÞõæãó Úóáóì ÈóÇØöáò. æóÓóäõÈóíøöäõ - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÚöäúÏó (2) ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ßóÐöÈóåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÓúãöíóÉõ åóÐöåö ÈóÑóÇåöíäó ãöäú ÃóÞúÈóÍö ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ íóÚúÊóãöÏõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì Þóæúáò íõÍúßóì Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö [ÇáøóÐöí] (3) áóãú íõÚúáóãú ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó ÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞöíãõ (4) ÈóÑóÇåöíäó ßóËöíÑóÉð ãöäú åóÐóÇ (5) ÇáúÌöäúÓö Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ ÝóÊóÊóÚóÇÑóÖõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäõ ÝóÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäõ áóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖõ.
Èóáú ÓóäõÈóíøöäõ (6) - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞöíóÇãó (7) ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖõ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈö ãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÊöåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ.
(2) È: Ýöí¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ÚöäúÏó ãóäú (Ó)
(3) ÇáøóÐöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ä¡ ã: íóÞõæãõ.
(5) ä¡ Ó: ãöäú åóÐöåö.
(6) ã: æóÓóäõÈóíøöäõ.
(7) ã: ÈóíóÇäó.(7/8)
áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóÚúãóì Çááøóåõ ÞóáúÈóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäó ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì äõÈõæøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÃóäøó Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÍóÞøñ - ÊõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÃóãøóáóåõ ÇááøóÈöíÈõ¡ æóÊóÃóãøóáó áóæóÇÒöãóåõ æóÌóÏóåõ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóåóÐóÇ áöÃóäøó ÃóÕúáó ÇáÑøóÝúÖö (1) ßóÇäó ãöäú æóÖúÚö Þóæúãò ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉò ãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõãõ ÇáØøóÚúäõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóæóÖóÚõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ Èöåö ØóÚúäðÇ Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÑóæøóÌõæåóÇ (2) Úóáóì ÃóÞúæóÇãò¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈó åóæðì æóÌóåúáò¡ ÝóÞóÈöáóåóÇ áöåóæóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÙõÑú Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåóÇ. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ äóÙóÑñ ÝóÊóÏóÈøóÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóæóÌóÏóåóÇ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí [ÍóÞøö] (3) ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöãõæÌöÈöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏóÍó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (4) ¡ ÅöãøóÇ áöÝóÓóÇÏö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÕóÍöíÍóÉð æóÞóÏóÍóÊú ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ ãöäú Ïöíäö (5) ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÏóÎóáóÊú ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÊóäúÞõáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÊóÓóáøóØõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÕóÇÑóÊú ÔõÈóåðÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóãú [íóÚúáóãú] Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ (6) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ (7) ÎöÈúÑóÉñ ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÖóáøóÊú ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøõÕóíúÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö.
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÑóÏøõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÍóÞøö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(4) ã: Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
(5) ä: Ïõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ Ó: ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóãú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ È: ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ.
(7) ä¡ ã: áóåõ.(7/9)
ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó. æóßóÇäó ãóÈúÏóÃõ ÖóáóÇáöåöãú ÊóÕúÏöíÞõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí ÃóßóÇÐöíÈöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÐúßõÑõæäóåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÃóÆöãøóÉö (1) ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøöíäó (2) ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞöíãõæäó ãóÈúÏóÃó ÏóÚúæóÊöåöãú (3) ÈöÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÎúÊóáóÞóÊúåóÇ (4) ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ; áöíóÓúÊóÌöíÈó (5) áóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáÖøõáøóÇáö¡ Ëõãøó íóäúÞõáõæäó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ Ëõãøó Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ëõãøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóÊøóÈóåõ áóåõãú ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö¡ æóÇáäøóÇãõæÓö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÝúÖõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ÈóÇÈò æóÏöåúáöíÒò Åöáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö (6) .
Ëõãøó (7) äóÞõæáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÍóÞøñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÃóäøóÇ äõØóÇáöÈõåõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ (8) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóáóì æóÌúåò ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóì ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ Ãóæú (9) äóÞóáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó Ýöí äóÞúáöåóÇ¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ Åöäú (10) áóãú äóÚúÑöÝú ËõÈõæÊó ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÝóÖöíáóÉð áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ áóãú íóÌõÒö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ËõÈõæÊö Ðóáößó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ËõÈõæÊö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ßóÇäó ÃóÆöãøóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) Ó¡ ä¡ È: ÇáúÚóÈúÏöíøöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÏóÚúæóÇåõãú¡ ä: ÏóÚóæóÇÊöåöãú.
(4) ä: ÇÎúÊóáóÞóåóÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áöíóÓúÊóÌöíÈõæÇ.
(6) Ó: æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö.
(7) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(8) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ äóÐúßõÑõ.
(9) ã: ÅöÐú.
(10) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöäú.(7/10)
ÝóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ - Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö - áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó ÅöËúÈóÇÊóåõ: áóÇ ÍõßúãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÖöíáóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö [ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö] ßõáøöåóÇ (1) ¡ ÈóØóáó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ æóÚóÒóÇåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Ãóæö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔö Ãóæö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (2) æóäóÍúæöåöãú.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Þóæúáõåõ: " ÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò " ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáÏøóÚóÇæóì ÇáúßóÇÐöÈóÉö¡ Èóáú ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóäúÒöáú Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞú ÈöÎóÇÊóãöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó (3) ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö. (4)
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(1) Ó¡ ä: ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ È: ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ßöáóíúåöãóÇ.
(2) È: Ãóæö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(3) Ó: ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉó.
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æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÃóÚúáóãó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúæöíåóÇ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ (3) ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøó Ýöíåö ÎóíúÑñ æóÏöíäñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóÇ ÎöÈúÑóÉó áóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ (4) æóáóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö (5) .
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æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ: Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ãöËúáõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÈóÞöíøö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÏõÍóíúãò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú - Ýóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ (1) ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
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(4) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Èúäõ åóãøóÇãö Èúäö äóÇÝöÚò ÇáúÍöãúíóÑöíøõ ÇáÕøóäúÚóÇäöíøõ¡ Ñóæóì Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóáöíáðÇ æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: äóÞóãõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚó¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÛúáõæ Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú íõÍöÈøõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò: ãóÇÊó Ýöí äöÕúÝö ÔóæøóÇáó ÓóäóÉó 211 æóÚóÇÔó ÎóãúÓðÇ æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó áöáúÏøóÇæõÏöíøö 1/296 ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/27 ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 2/609 - 614
(5) ä: íóÑóæúäóåõ¡ Ó¡ È: íóÑúæöíåö.(7/13)
ÈóíóÇäõ ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Ãóæú ßóËúÑóÉö (1) Ìóåúáöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " * ÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò " ÝóíóÇ áóíúÊó ÔöÚúÑöí ãóäú äóÞóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¿ * (2) . ÝóÅöäøó äóÞúáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚò æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò.
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æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò ßóÇÊöÈõ ÇááøóíúËö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ [Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò] (5) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí åóÐöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: " ßõáøõ ãóäú Âãóäó (6) ÝóÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ". ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö
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(3) Ó¡ È: íóäúÞõáõ.
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(5) Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(6) ã: ÃóÓúáóãó.(7/14)
ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøò Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ". ÞõáúÊõ: äóÒóáóÊú [Ýöí Úóáöíøò¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ] (1) . æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö ãöËúáõåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÃóäøóÇ äõÚúÝöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóäõØóÇáöÈõåõ Ãóäú íóäúÞõáó Ðóáößó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò æóÇÍöÏò ÕóÍöíÍò. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ (2) ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Ýöíåö ÑöÌóÇáñ ãõÊøóåóãõæäó. æóÃóãøóÇ äóÞúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (3) ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøö (4) ÝóÃóÖúÚóÝõ æóÃóÖúÚóÝõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö (5) ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò íóÊóäóÇæóáõ åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäú íõÄúÊöíó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÍóÇáó ÑõßõæÚöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöÎóÇÊóãöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) Ó¡ È: ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ.
(3) È: ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(4) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóæú ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáØøóíøöÈõ ÇáúÌõáøóÇÈöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ Ëõãøó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáÔøóåöíÑõ ÈöÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó 483 æõáöÏó ÈöÈóáúÏóÉö æóÇÓöØó Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÞóáó Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ÚõãõÑöåö Åöáóì ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ ßóÇäó ÔóÇÝöÚöíøðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÃóÔúÚóÑöíøðÇ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÓõãøöíó ÈöÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÓúáóÇÝöåö ßóÇäó äóÒöíáðÇ ÈöãóÍóáøóÉö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøöíäó Ýöí æóÇÓöØó¡ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö Ãóäøó ãöäú ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊöåö (Ðóíúáó ÊóÇÑöíÎö æóÇÓöØó) æóÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ÛóÑöÞó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÓóäóÉó 483 æóÍõãöáó ãóíøöÊðÇ Åöáóì æóÇÓöØó æóÏõÝöäó ÈöåóÇ. æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú áóåõ ÊóÑúÌóãóÉð ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö áöáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö Õ [0 - 9] 46 (Ø. ãóÑúÌöáúíõæËú) - 3/446 Ø. ÍóíúÏóÑó ÂÈóÇÏó 1383 1963 ÊóÇÌö ÇáúÚóÑõæÓö áöáÒøóÈöíÏöíøö 1/186 ÊóÈúÕöíÑö ÇáúãõäúÊóÈöåö ÈöÊóÍúÑöíÑö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÈóåö áöÇÈúäö ÍóÌóÑò 1/380 Ø. 183 1964¡ ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö Õ 3 - 92¡ ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏ ÈóÇÞöÑ ÇáúÈóåúÈõæÏöíøö¡ äóÔúÑõ ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÖúæóÇÁö ÈóíúÑõæÊó 1403 1983
(5) Ó¡ ä¡ È: ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö.(7/15)
Ðóáößó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ æóáóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò. æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÇáøóÐöíäó " ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò ; ÝóáóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåõ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÇ íõËúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö [ÅöáøóÇ] (1) ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãóÍúãõæÏñ ÚöäúÏóåõ: ÅöãøóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ. æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÊúÞõ æóÇáúåóÏöíøóÉõ æóÇáúåöÈóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÉõ æóÇáäøößóÇÍõ æóÇáØøóáóÇÞõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ áóíúÓóÊú æóÇÌöÈóÉð æóáóÇ ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøóÉð ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Ðóáößó íõÈúØöáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóßóáøóãú¡ Èóáú ÊóÈúØõáõ ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãõÝúåöãóÉö. æóÂÎóÑõæäó íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Çáúãöáúßõ ÈöåóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö. æóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ ; áóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÝúÚóáõåõ æóíóÍõÖøõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóáóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íóÝúÚóáõåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö (2) .
ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉö¡ æóÅöÚúØóÇÁõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöáö áóÇ íóÝõæÊõ¡ Ýóíõãúßöäõ ÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞõ ÅöÐóÇ Óóáøóãó Ãóäú íõÚúØöíóåõ¡ æóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóÔóÛúáðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÔúÑõæÚñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó ÈöÇáÑøõßõæÚö¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇãö æóÇáúÞõÚõæÏö Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõßõæÚö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ æóáöíøó [áóßõãú] (3) ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõæäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáÑøõßõæÚö. Ýóáóæú ÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞõ
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(1) ÅöáøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) È: ÇáúæóÞúÚóÉö.
(3) áóßõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÚóáóíúåóÇ ÔóØúÈñ Ýöí (ä) .(7/16)
Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáúÞöíóÇãö æóÇáúÞõÚõæÏö: ÃóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉó¿ .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÇ (1) ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝó ÈöÚóáöíøò Úóáóì ÎõÕõæÕöåö (2) .
Þöíáó áóåõ: ÃóæúÕóÇÝõ Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ (3) ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÊúÑõßõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝóåõ ÈöÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö¡ æóíõÚóÑøöÝõåõ (4) ÈöÃóãúÑò (5) áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóãöÚó åóÐóÇ æóÕóÏøóÞóåõ¿ .
æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóãú (6) ÊóÓúãóÚú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó¡ æóáóÇ [åõæó] (7) Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö: áóÇ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóåóÇÊö. ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇÒöãñ: Åöäú ÞóÕóÏó (8) Èöåö ÇáúãóÏúÍó ÈöÇáúæóÕúÝö Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÕóÏó (9) Èöåö ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝó Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: {æóíõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóåõãú ÑóÇßöÚõæäó} Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÃóÊóì ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÑõßõæÚöåö. æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú ÊóÌöÈõ (10) Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ¡ æóÒóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÝöÖøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ãóäú ãóáóßó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈó ÍóæúáðÇ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÚúØóÇÁó ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö áóÇ íóÌúÒöÆõ ÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑò ãöäó
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåóÇ.
(2) ã: áöÎõÕõæÕöåö.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ.
(4) Ó: æóäõÚóÑøöÝõåõ.
(5) È: ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö.
(6) Ó¡ È: áóÇ.
(7) åõæó: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(8) Ó: ÕóÏóÞó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(9) Ó: ÕóÏóÞó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(10) Ó: íóÌöÈõ.(7/17)
ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍõáöíøö. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúÍõáöíøö¡ æóãóäú ÌóæøóÒó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÞöíãóÉö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÞúæöíãõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ¡ æóÇáúÞöíóãõ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÇÑúßóÚõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 43] åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÇáÑøõßõæÚö.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {íóÇãóÑúíóãõ ÇÞúäõÊöí áöÑóÈøößö æóÇÓúÌõÏöí æóÇÑúßóÚöí ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇßöÚöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 43] æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÇáÑøõßõæÚö.
ÞóÏú Þöíáó: ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó áöíõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÏúÑößðÇ áöáÑøóßúÚóÉö ÈöÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÑõßõæÚöåóÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÓøõÌõæÏó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáÑøóßúÚóÉõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇãõ ÝóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö " ÇáúæóÇæõ " ÅöãøóÇ æóÇæõ ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ æóÇæõ ÇáúÚóØúÝö. æóÇáúÚóØúÝõ åõæó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö. æóÞóæúáõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ (1) ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú æóÇæó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó (2) áóãú íóßõäú Ëóãøó (3) Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö Ðóáößó ÈóØóáóÊö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ [ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö¿ !] (4) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÎóáóÝðÇ Úóäú ÓóáóÝò¡ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ; áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃõÈóíøò¡ íõæóÇáöí ÇáúíóåõæÏó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÆöÑó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóåõæó (5) ÚõÈóÇÏóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö: Åöäøöí
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ÊõÝúÊóÍõ¡ È: íóÊøóÖöÍõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöÐóÇ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóåõãú.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ó¡ È: åõæó.(7/18)
íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ (1) ÃóÊóæóáøóì Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäú ÍöáúÝö (2) åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóæöáóÇíóÊöåöãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú Èóäõæ ÞóíúäõÞóÇÚó æóÓóÈóÈõ ÊóÂãõÑöåöãú ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö Óóáõæáò¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ íõÈóíøöäõ ÝöíåóÇ æõÌõæÈó ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãõæãðÇ¡ æóíóäúåóì Úóäú ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÚõãõæãðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ßóáóÇãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÚóáöíøò (3) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó ÓöíóÇÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó áöãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ (4) ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÇáúíóåõæÏó æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøóåõãú ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäúåõãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóåúÏöí ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 51] . ÝóåóÐóÇ äóåúíñ Úóäú ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÊóÑóì ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ íõÓóÇÑöÚõæäó Ýöíåöãú íóÞõæáõæäó äóÎúÔóì Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈóäóÇ ÏóÇÆöÑóÉñ ÝóÚóÓóì Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö Ãóæú ÃóãúÑò ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ ÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 52 - 53] . ÝóåóÐóÇ æóÕúÝõ ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõæóÇáõæäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ßóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúßõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåö ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ÃóÐöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò Ðóáößó ÝóÖúáõ Çááøóåö íõÄúÊöíåö ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóÇááøóåõ æóÇÓöÚñ Úóáöíãñ
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÍöáúÝö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÚóáöíøò) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÝóÅöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó (ã) .(7/19)
} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] (1) ÝóÐóßóÑó ÝöÚúáó (2) ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÃóäøóåõãú áóäú íóÖõÑøõæÇ Çááøóåó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãóäú íóÃúÊöí Èöåö ÈóÏóáóåõãú (3) .
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøõßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóåõãú ÑóÇßöÚõæäó} . {æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÍöÒúÈó Çááøóåö åõãõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 55 - 56] .
ÝóÊóÖóãøóäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÐößúÑó ÃóÍúæóÇáö ãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ æóãöãøóäú íóÑúÊóÏøõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÍóÇáó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóÈóÇØöäðÇ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ¡ ãóÚó ÅöÊúíóÇäöåö ÃóÊóì ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ áöãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó Ðóáößó (4) ÚöáúãðÇ íóÞöíäðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÏóÝúÚõåõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝöíäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ÈöÚóíúäöåö: áóÇ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú. áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÝöíåóÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóíúÓó ÞóÇÆöÏðÇ áößõáøö ÇáúÈóÑóÑóÉö¡ Èóáú áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (5) ¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇÊöáðÇ áößõáøö ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÊóáó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÊóáó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú. æóãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó ÇáúÞóÇÊöáöíäó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ÞóÇÊöáñ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäúÕõæÑñ ãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¡ ãóÎúÐõæáñ (6) ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ» " åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ
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(1) Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóÇááøóåõ Ðõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÝóÕúáó¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÖúáó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
(4) Ó¡ È: ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÌóãúÚó áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) ã: Èóáú áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÑóÓõæáðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(6) ä: æóãóÎúÐõæáñ.(7/20)
ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö. æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó (1) ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ßõáøóåóÇ ÎóÐóáóÊúåõ Åöáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ãóäúÕõæÑóÉð Ýöí ÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ äóÕúÑðÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöËúáõåõ. Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÍúÒóÇÈò: ÍöÒúÈñ äóÕóÑóåõ æóÞóÇÊóáó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÍöÒúÈñ ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ æóÍöÒúÈñ ÎóÐóáõæåõ áóãú íõÞóÇÊóáõæÇ áóÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö - áóãú íóßõäö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ãóäúÕõæÑöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍöÒúÈóíúäö ÇáúÂÎóÑóíúäö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ Èóáú ÃõæáóÆößó (2) ÇáøóÐöíäó äõÕöÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ áóåõãú ; áóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÕóÑõæÇ (3) Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóÝóÊóÍõæÇ ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ (4) ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãóäúÕõæÑðÇ ßóäóÕúÑö ÃóãúËóÇáöåö Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö (5) .
æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóäúÕõæÑöíäó äóÕúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÕúÑõ (6) æóÞóÚó ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ áóäóäúÕõÑõ ÑõÓõáóäóÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóíóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáúÃóÔúåóÇÏõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 51] .
ÝóÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÃóãúÑö ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö ãóäúÕõæÑöíäó [äóÕúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ] (7) ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ æóÕóÈóÑõæÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóÇáÕøóÈúÑó ãöäú ÊóÍúÞöíÞö (8) ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí ÚõáøöÞó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕúÑõ.
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(1) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: íóáúÒóãõ ÃõæáóÆößó.
(3) ÝóÇäúÊóÕóÑõæÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöäøóãóÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇáäøóÕúÑõ.
(7) äóÕúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(8) ã: åõæó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ.(7/21)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÞöÈó ÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞö ÈöÇáúÎóÇÊóãö ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúßóÐöÈö. Ýóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóÞúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóäóÝúÚðÇ ãöäú ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÓóÇÆöáò ÎóÇÊóãðÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáñ ßóãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» "¡ (2) " «Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ» (3) .
æóÞóÏú «ÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÈöÃóáúÝö ÈóÚöíÑò Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÚõÓúÑóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ãóÇ ÖóÑøó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÈóÚúÏó Çáúíóæúãö» " (4) .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/21
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512 - 513 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ ãóæóÇÖöÚóåõ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáóíúßó äóÕøõåõ ßóÇãöáðÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/96 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóæúÎóÉö æóÇáúãóãóÑøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö) Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: (Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóíøóÑó ÚóÈúÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö) ÝóÈóßóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí: ãóÇ íõÈúßöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ Åöäú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ ÎóíøóÑó ÚóÈúÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö. ÝóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó åõæó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãõäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: (íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ áóÇ ÊóÈúßö¡ Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóãóÇáöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ÎóáöíáðÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóßöäøó ÃõÎõæøóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóæóÏøóÊóåõ¡ áóÇ íóÈúÞóíóäøó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÈóÇÈñ ÅöáøóÇ ÓõÏøó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò) .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/289 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÌóÇÁó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÃóáúÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: (ãóÇ ÖóÑøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ Úóãöáó ÈóÚúÏó Çáúíóæúãö) ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/36 æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËñ ÂÎóÑõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/288 - 289 ÇáúÈóÇÈõ æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÇäö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÎóÈøóÇÈò æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóËøó ÌóíúÔó ÇáúÚõÓúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Úóáóíøó ãöÇÆóÉõ ÈóÚöíÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏøóãó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÈóÚöíÑò Ëõãøó ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉö ÈóÚöíÑò ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ãóÇ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ Úóãöáó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö¡ ãóÇ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ Úóãöáó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö) ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/504 - 505 ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 822¡ 823 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ.(7/22)
æóÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóÝöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÕóÏóÞóÉò Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöáò ãõÍúÊóÇÌò. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ; ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãõÏøó (1) ÃóÍóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» " (2) ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (3) .
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ãöäúßõãú ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáó ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóßõáøðÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍõÓúäóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 10] .
ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞõ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÏóÑó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó áóåõ äóÙöíÑñ íõÓóÇæöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÚúØóÇÁõ ÇáÓøõÄøóÇáö áöÍóÇÌóÊöåöãú ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈöÑøõ íõæÌóÏõ ãöËúáõåõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóÌúáö Êöáúßó ÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö (4) ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚóÉö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö áóÇ íóÏúÚõæ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÏúÚõæó Èöåö (5) áöÃóÌúáö ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÎóÇÊóãò áöÓóÇÆöáò ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ýöí ÓõÄóÇáöåö¿ .
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(1) ãõÏøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóÇ äöÕúÝóåõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/21
(4) ä¡ Ó: ÇáúãõäúÝöÞóÇÊö.
(5) Ó: íóÏúÚõæäóåõ.(7/23)
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóãöËúáóåõ ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ÌóÇåöáò ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÚóÇÑöÖó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó (1) áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÓóíõÌóäøóÈõåóÇ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóì - ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÊöí ãóÇáóåõ íóÊóÒóßøóì - æóãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú äöÚúãóÉò ÊõÌúÒóì - ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó æóÌúåö ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - æóáóÓóæúÝó íóÑúÖóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 17 - 21] . ÈöÃóäú íóÐúßõÑó áóÚóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ ÝóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ Ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈó Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõßúÐõæÈóÉó ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÑõæÌõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãõÝúÑöØò Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÇáäøõÕúÑóÉö -: æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí¡ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÙóåúÑöí¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÚóÒøóåõ ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ (2) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáöíó: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 62] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÅöáøóÇ ÊóäúÕõÑõæåõ ÝóÞóÏú äóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ËóÇäöíó ÇËúäóíúäö ÅöÐú åõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÑö ÅöÐú íóÞõæáõ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö áóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäú Åöäøó Çááøóåó ãóÚóäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 40] .
ÝóÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ Íöíäó äóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ; {ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ} ¡ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóßóÇäóÇ ÇËúäóíúäö Çááøóåõ ËóÇáöËõåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò ; áóãøóÇ ÕõäöÚó áóåõ ÚóÑöíÔñ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÏóÎóáó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑöíÔö Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò (3) ¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóåõ Ýöí äóÕúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓóÚúíñ ãóÔúßõæÑñ æóÚóãóáñ ãóÈúÑõæÑñ.
æóÑõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ «áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÓóíúÝöåö íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ ÞóÇáó áöÝóÇØöãóÉó: ÇÛúÓöáöíåö íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóÇ íõËúÈóÊõ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
(3) È: ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò.(7/24)
ÛóíúÑó Ðóãöíãò. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " Åöäú Êóßõ ÃóÍúÓóäúÊó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ» " ÝóÚóÏøóÏó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (1) .
æóáóãú íóßõäú áóÚóáöíøò ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ ÈöäóÕúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ïõæäó ÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóæúØöäñ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíåö Åöáóì ãóÚõæäóÉö Úóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåõ¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáúíóÏö æóáóÇ ÈöÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöíãóÇäõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóØóÇÚóÊõåõãú áóåõ áöÃóÌúáö Úóáöíøò¡ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÏóÚúæóÉö Úóáöíøò áóåõãú¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÇÑõæäõ æóãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó åóÇÑõæäó ÌöÏøðÇ æóíóåóÇÈõæäó ãõæÓóì¡ æóßóÇäó åóÇÑõæäõ íóÊóÃóáøóÝõåõãú.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú áöÈõÛúÖöåöãú áóåõ áóãú íõÈóÇíöÚõæåõ. ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ãõæÓóì Åöáóì åóÇÑõæäó¿ .
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑòÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ÓöÊøóÉñ Ãóæó ÎóãúÓóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö: ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóØóáúÍóÉõ¡ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ æóÓóÚúÏñ (2) ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó. æóáóãú íõÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏö Úóáöíøò æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö.
æóãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑò åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóãøóÇ ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö¡ æóÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏöåö ÑõÁõæÓõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ßóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò ÇáøóÐöí ÇåúÊóÒøó ÚóÑúÔõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áöãóæúÊöåö (3) ¡ æóÃõÓóíúÏö Èúäö ÍõÖóíúÑò æóÛóíúÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/481
(2) æóÓóÚúÏñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/35 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: ÇåúÊóÒøó ÚóÑúÔõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóÑúÔõ áöãóæúÊö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1915 - 1916 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ; Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/353 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÃõÓóíúÏö Èúäö ÍõÖóíúÑò æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÑõãóíúËóÉó¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóãóÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.(7/25)
æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÎúÑõÌõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÏúÚõæ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÓöãö¡ æóíõÚóÇæöäõåõ ãõÚóÇæóäóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ» " (1) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «ÃóíøõåóÇ (2) ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøöí ÌöÆúÊõ Åöáóíúßõãú¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÐóÈúÊó. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÕóÏóÞúÊó. Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÇÑößõæ áöí ÕóÇÍöÈöí¿» (3) ".
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÏóÚóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÈóáøöÛó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö áöíõÚóÇæóäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ. æóäóÈöíøõäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÈóáøóÛóåóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ¡ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÎóÏöíÌóÉõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö Úóáöíøñ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãóæóÇáöí ÒöíÏñ.
æóßóÇäó ÃóäúÝóÚõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÏöíÌóÉõ ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÑóÌõáò ÍõÑøò ÈóÇáöÛò Âãóäó Èöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ ÞóÏúÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÞõÑóíúÔò áöãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÍóÇÓöäö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ ÏóÚóÇ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóÔõÏøó ÃóÒúÑóåõ ÈöÃóÍóÏò: áóÇ ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512
(2) ã: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ.
(3) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÓóíóÑöÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÇãöáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 164 - 165 ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.(7/26)
Èóáú ÞóÇãó ãõØöíÚðÇ áöÑóÈøöåö¡ ãõÊóæóßøöáðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÕóÇÈöÑðÇ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Þõãú ÝóÃóäúÐöÑú} . {æóÑóÈøóßó ÝóßóÈøöÑú} . {æóËöíóÇÈóßó ÝóØóåøöÑú} . {æóÇáÑøõÌúÒó ÝóÇåúÌõÑú} . {æóáóÇ Êóãúäõäú ÊóÓúÊóßúËöÑõ} . {æóáöÑóÈøößó ÝóÇÕúÈöÑú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö: 2 - 7] æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúåõ æóÊóæóßøóáú Úóáóíúåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 123] .
Ýóãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - Ãóäú íóÔõÏøó ÃóÒúÑóåõ ÈöÔóÎúÕò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÃóáó ãõæÓóì Ãóäú íóÔõÏøó ÃóÒúÑóåõ ÈöåóÇÑõæäó¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóÎóÓóåõ ÍóÞøóåõ. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö æóÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ áóßöäú ÊóÇÑóÉð íóÙúåóÑõ [áóåõãú] (1) Ðóáößó Ýöíåö (2) æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÎúÝóì.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåöãú ãõæóÇáóÇÉõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóíõæóÇáõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãõæóÇáóÇÉó Úóáöíøò æóÇÌöÈóÉñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ãõæóáóÇÉõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäú ÊóÙóÇåóÑóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 4] . ÝóÈóíøóäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÕóÇáöÍò ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýóåõæó (3) ãóæúáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ (4) æóÇááøóåõ ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóæúáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (5) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÌöÈúÑöíáó ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ Ãóäú íóßõæäó (6) ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõÊóæóáøöíðÇ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóÇ ãõÊóÕóÑøöÝðÇ Ýöíåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò}
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(1) áóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ýöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ýóåõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) È ÝóÞóØú: áóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/27)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 71] ¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó ßõáøó ãõÄúãöäò æóáöíøðÇ áößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò. æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¡ áóÇ íóÊóæóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ åõæó.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó Çááøóåö áóÇ ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ åõãú íóÍúÒóäõæäó} . {ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 62 - 63] ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãõÄúãöäò ÊóÞöíøò (1) Ýóåõæó æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ æóáöíøõåõ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 257] æóÞóÇáó: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ãóæúáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÃóäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó áóÇ ãóæúáóì áóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 11] æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóåóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂæóæúÇ æóäóÕóÑõæÇ} (2) Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃõæáõæ ÇáúÃóÑúÍóÇãö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóæúáóì ÈöÈóÚúÖò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 72 - 75] .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ßõáøõåóÇ ËóÈóÊóÊú ÝöíåóÇ ãõæóÇáóÇÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ æóáöíøõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóáöíøõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó æóãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóæóÇáöí ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ åõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Ãóäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó æóáöíøðÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö ßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ Ýöíåö Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó " ÇáúæóáóÇíóÉö " ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö æó " ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö " ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ; ÝóÇáúæóáóÇíóÉõ ÖöÏøõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö¡ áóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ íóÌúÚóáõæäó Çáúæóáöíøó åõæó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ¡ æóáóãú íõÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóÇáúæóáóÇíóÉö. æóÇáúÃóãöíÑõ íõÓóãøóì ÇáúæóÇáöí áóÇ íõÓóãøóì
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(1) ÊóÞöíøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÇáøóÐöíäó åóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/28)
Çáúæóáöíøõ (1) ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: åõæó æóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: æõáøöíÊõ ÃóãúÑóßõãú¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Ãõæáõæ ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúãóæúáóì æóÅöÑóÇÏóåõ Çáúæóáöíøö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ Èóáú íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí Çáúæóáöíøö: Çáúãóæúáóì¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÇáúæóÇáöí. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉö ÇáúæóÇáöí æóÇáúæóáöíøö¡ ÝóÞöíáó: íõÞóÏøóãõ ÇáúæóÇáöí¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú. æóÞöíáó: íõÞóÏøóãõ Çáúæóáöíøõ.
ÝóÈóíøöäñ Ãóäøó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó (2) ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö¡ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝóÉö áöáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö¡ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö (3) . Ýóßõáøõåõãú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóáóãú ÊóÏõáøó ÇáúÂíóÉõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú íóßõæäõ ÃóãöíÑðÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÅöÐú áóÝúÙõ " Çáúæóáöíøö " æó " ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö " ÛóíúÑõ áóÝúÙö " ÇáúæóÇáöí ". æóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÚóÇãøóÉð.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ áóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóæóáøóì Úóáóíúßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ (4) ¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöãóäú æóáöíó Úóáóíúåöãú æóÇáò (5) : Åöäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó (6) : Êóæóáøóæúåõ¡ Èóáú íõÞóÇáõ: Êóæóáøóì Úóáóíúåöãú.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì Çáúæóáöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) È: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäõ Úóáóíúåöãú.
(4) ã: æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) íóÞõæáõæäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/29)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãõÊóæóáøò Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóãöíÑñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ¡ æóÊóÞóÏøóÓóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÄõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõåõãú æóÑóÇÒöÞõåõãú¡ æóÑóÈøõåõãú æóãóáöíßõåõãú¡ áóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ æóáóÇ (1) íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí¡ ãöËúáõ Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö: ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Èóáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõ ãõÊóæóáøò Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÃóãöíÑñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÏúÑóåõ ÃóÌóáøõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ. Èóáú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú Óõãøöíó ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö " ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " åõæó ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÌóÍúÔò ßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ Ýöí ÓóÑöíøóÉò¡ ÝóÓõãøöíó ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áóßöäú ÅöãóÇÑóÉñ ÎóÇÕøóÉñ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉö¡ áóãú íõÓóãøó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãõæãðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÚõãóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÎóáöíÞðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝóÉõ áöáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ; ÝóíõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ æóíóÑúÖóì Úóäúåõãú æóíóÑúÖóæúäó Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóäú ÚóÇÏóì áóåõ æóáöíøðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóÇÑóÒóåõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúæóáóÇíóÉõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ áóíúÓóÊú ßóæöáóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö áöáúãóÎúáõæÞö áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö Åöáóíúåö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõáö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÊøóÎöÐú æóáóÏðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÔóÑöíßñ Ýöí Çáúãõáúßö æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ æóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáÐøõáøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 111] . ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóíúÓó áóåõ æóáöíøñ (2) ãöäó ÇáÐøõáøö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: {ãóäú ßóÇäó íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÚöÒøóÉó Ýóáöáøóåö ÇáúÚöÒøóÉõ ÌóãöíÚðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 10] ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Çáúãõáõæßö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú íóÊóæóáøóÇåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ æóáöíøñ íóäúÕõÑõåõ.
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(1) Ó¡ È: áóÇ.
(2) ã: ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóíúÓó áóåõ æóáöíøñ¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ æóáöíøñ.(7/30)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚó ÚóÔóÑó (1) : Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú Êóæóáøóì (2) Úóáóíúåö ÅöãóÇãñ ÚóÇÏöáñ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÍöÒúÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÆöãøóÉó ÇáúÚóÏúáö íóÊóæóáøóæúäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö (3) ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÍúÊó Íõßúãöåö Ðöãøöíøõæäó æóãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó. æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊó æöáóÇíóÉö Úóáöíøò ßõÝøóÇÑñ æóãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó. æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÍöÒúÈó Çááøóåö åõãõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 56] ; Ýóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉó áóßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÊóÃúãøóÑó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ íóßõæäõæäó ãöäú ÍöÒúÈöåö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó ÊóÍúÊó ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÞóÖóÇÄõåõ æóÞóÏóÑõåõ¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóÇ íóÊóæóáøóÇåõãú Èóáú íõÈúÛöÖõåõãú.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇäí " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáú ÝóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛúÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67] (5) ¡ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Ýöí äõÒõæáöåóÇ Ýöí Úóáöíøò. æóÑóæóì (6) ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ - ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö - ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÞóÇáó: äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (7) . æóãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö
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(1) ä: ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ã: íóÊóæóáøóì.
(3) È: æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 149 (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö.
(6) ß: Ýöí Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ñóæóì.
(7) ß: Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö Ýöí Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(7/31)
ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÞóÇáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó Ýöí ÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóåõ «ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöíóÏö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» . æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ.
æóãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö (1) : «áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò äóÇÏóì ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏö Úóáöíøò æóÞóÇáó: " ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ " ÝóÔóÇÚó Ðóáößó æóØóÇÑó Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö (2) ¡ ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËó Èúäó ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÇáúÝöåúÑöíøó¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì äóÇÞóÊöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóì ÇáúÃóÈúØóÍö¡ ÝóäóÒóáó Úóäú äóÇÞóÊöåö æóÃóäóÇÎóåóÇ ÝóÚóÞóáóåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (3) - æóåõæó Ýöí ãóáóÃò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ¡ ÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ Úóäö Çááøóåö Ãóäú äóÔúåóÏó Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÃóäøóßó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ; ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇ (4) ãöäúßó. æóÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÕóáøöíó ÎóãúÓðÇ ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúßó. æóÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÒóßøöíó ÃóãúæóÇáóäóÇ (5) ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúßó. æóÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÕõæãó ÔóåúÑðÇ (6) ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúßó. æóÃóãóÑóÊúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÍõÌøó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúßó. Ëõãøó áóãú ÊóÑúÖó
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(1) ß ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÞóÇáó.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÇáúÈöáóÇÏö.
(3) ß: æóÚóÞóáóåóÇ æóÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ.
(5) ß: Ãóäú äóÕõæãó ÔóåúÑðÇ.
(6) ß: Ãóäú äõÒóßøöíó ÃóãúæóÇáóäóÇ.(7/32)
ÈöåóÐóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÑóÝóÚúÊó ÈöÖóÈúÚóíö (1) ÇÈúäö Úóãøößó æóÝóÖøóáúÊóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÞõáúÊó: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ (2) . æóåóÐóÇ ãöäúßó (3) Ãóãú ãöäó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇááøóåö (4) ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó åõæó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö (5) ¡ Ýóæóáøóì ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ (6) íõÑöíÏõ ÑóÇÍöáóÊóåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó (7) ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò¡ ÝóãóÇ æóÕóáó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÑóãóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÍóÌóÑò ÝóÓóÞóØó Úóáóì åóÇãóÊöåö æóÎóÑóÌó (8) ãöäú ÏõÈõÑöåö ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó (9) Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóÃóáó ÓóÇÆöáñ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò æóÇÞöÚò} . {áöáúßóÇÝöÑíäó áóíúÓó áóåõ ÏóÇÝöÚñ ãöäó Çááøóåö} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÌö: 1 - 3] . æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ßóÐöÈðÇ æóÝöÑúíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäõÈóíøöäõåõ - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì -. æóÞóæúáõåõ: " ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì äõÒõæáöåóÇ Ýöí Úóáöíøò " ÃóÚúÙóãõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÂíöåö. Ýóáóãú íóÞõáú áóÇ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ ÐóÇßó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈöÖúÚöì¡ Ó: ÈöÖúÚò¡ æóÝöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö: ÇáÖøóÈúÚõ ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáúÈóÇÁö: æóÓóØó ÇáúÚóÖõÏö ÈöáóÍúãöåö íóßõæäõ áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇáúÚóÖõÏõ ßõáøõåóÇ¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇáúÅöÈöØõ¡ æóÞöíáó: ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÈöØö Åöáóì äöÕúÝö ÇáúÚóÖõÏö ãöäú ÃóÚúáóÇåõ¡ ÊóÞõæáõ: ÂÎõÐõ ÈöÖóÈúÚóíúåö¡ Ãóíú: ÈöÚóÖõÏóíúåö.
(2) ß: ÝóåóÐóÇ Úóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ.
(3) ß: ÝóåóÐóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúßó.
(4) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö.
(5) ä: åõäøó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö¡ ß Õ 150 ã: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö.
(6) ß: ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö.
(7) ã: Åöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ ß: Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú (ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó) .
(8) ß: ÝóÎóÑóÌó.
(9) ß: ÝóÃóäúÒóáó.(7/33)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ (1) íóÑúæöíåö ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö " Ãóæú Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö " æóÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ æóäóÍúæõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÝóÞóÏö (2) ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÝöíãóÇ (3) íóÑúæõæäóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (4) åõæó ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö¡ æóÓóäõÈóíøöäõ ÃóÏöáøóÉð íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ (5) ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóáóíúÓó [ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ] (6) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö * ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõäóÇ ÃóäøóÇ äóÐúßõÑõ ÞóÇÚöÏóÉð ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö * (7) ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (8) ¡ ßóãóÇ äóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó äóÍúæö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóäóÍúæö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö (9) ¡ æóäóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇááøõÛóÉö æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáÔøöÚúÑö æóÇáØøöÈøö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáößõáøö Úöáúãò ÑöÌóÇáñ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó Èöåö¡
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóãóÇ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÞóÏú.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ãóäøó ãóÇ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó 427 ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/27 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó Ãóäøó ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ " ÇáúßóÔúÝó æóÇáúÈóíóÇäó " Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö " ÛóíúÑõ ãóØúÈõæÚò. æóÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: " ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó " áöáÏøóÇæõÏöíøö 1/65 - 66¡ " ãõÚúÌóãó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó " 2/60¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÈõÑõæßúáöãóÇäõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Ýöí ÏóÇÆöÑóÉö ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ Úóäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö: æóÞóÏú äóÞóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóÛúÑöí ÈóÑúÏöí áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐó Ýöíåö ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö æóÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÇáÓøõæóÑö ÇáúÃõæáóì. æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉó æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó 12/40 ÍóíúËõ íóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇÓöÚó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö ÔóíúÁñ ßóËöíÑñ.
(5) Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÈöåóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(8) Åöáóì Úöáúãö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Ó¡ È: Åöáóì Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(9) Ó¡ È: æóÛóíúÑö äóÍúæö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö.(7/34)
æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóÌóáøõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏúÑðÇ (1) ¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúáóÇåõãú ãóäúÒöáóÉð¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÏöíäðÇ.
æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÕöÏúÞðÇ æóÃóãóÇäóÉð¡ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóÎöÈúÑóÉð¡ ÝöíãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö¡ ãöËúáó ãóÇáößò¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ æóæóßöíÚò¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóÇáúÚöÌúáöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò (2) ÇáúÈóÓúÊöíøö¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö: ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ áóÇ íõÍúÕóì ÚóÏóÏõåõãú¡ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóÚúÏóáó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò Ýöí æóÒúäö ßóáóÇãöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ßóÐóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó áöáäøóÇÓö ßõÊõÈðÇ Ýöí äóÞóáóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö: ßöÈóÇÑðÇ æóÕöÛóÇÑðÇ¡ ãöËúáó ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö áöÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ æóÊóÇÑöíÎóíö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ. æóÞóÈúáóåóÇ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöíö ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóßöÊóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóßõÊõÈö (3) ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóÕõäøöÝóÊú ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÊóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö¡ ÝóÊóÐúßõÑõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈõ (4) Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ßóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö.
(2) ¡ È: æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃõ.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóßöÊóÇÈö.
(4) È: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ.(7/35)
ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöíö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇáúÚóÏóäöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäöíÚò¡ æóÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÊóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæöÇÈö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÕóÏó ãóÞúÕöÏóåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó (1) ßóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò æóÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÎóÑøóÌó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ ßóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö æóÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøö æóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÎóÑøóÌó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÎóÑøóÌó ÇáúÌóÇãöÚó ÇáøóÐöí íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáõ æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ¡ ßóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ Úöáúãñ ÚóÙöíãñ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö Úõáõæãö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÃóÞóáøõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö æóÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÃóÌúåóáõ ãöäúåõãú Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÇÆöÑó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö - ßóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö - * ãõÞóÕøöÑõæäó (2) Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉó¡ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ * (3) ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÃóÏúíóäõ æóÃóæúÑóÚõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ Èóáú åõãú [ãöäú] (4) ÃóÕúÏóÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ - ãöËúáõ ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö - Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóßúÐöÈõ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú íóÕúÏõÞõ¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö (5) ãóÇ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÊóÏóíøóäõæäó (6) Èöåö (7) ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ.
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(1) ä: ãóäú ÞóÕóÏó ÞóÕúÏó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ Ó¡ È: ãóäú ÞóÕóÏó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó.
(2) Ó¡ È: íõÞóÕøöÑõæäó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ó¡ È: æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) È: ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÊóÏóíøóäõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(7) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/36)
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÓóáóßõæÇ ØóÑöíÞðÇ ÂÎóÑó ÇÈúÊóÏóÚõæåóÇ ÇÚúÊóãóÏõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ (1) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáöåöãú [ÅöáøóÇ] (2) áöáöÇÚúÊöÖóÇÏö áóÇ áöáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÃóÞóáøõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð æóÚöäóÇíóÉð ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ ÅöÐú (3) ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö: åóáú (4) ÊõæóÇÝöÞõ Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÊõÎóÇáöÝõåõ¿ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ áóåõãú ÃóÓóÇäöíÏõ ãõÊøóÕöáóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ÞóØøõ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãõÊøóÕöáñ áóåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ãóäú (5) åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö Ãóæú ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÛóáóØö.
æóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÔóÈöíåñ ÈöÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ. æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ëõãøó åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö. æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÞóáøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚöäóÇíóÉð ; ÅöÐú (6) ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÚóáóÇãóÉõ ßóÐöÈöåö Ãóäøóåõ (7) íõÎóÇáöÝõ åóæóÇåõãú ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóßúÊõÈõæäó ãóÇ áóåõãú æóãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö áóÇ íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ áóåõãú.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó Ãóæøóáóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ßóËöíÑöí (8) ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÞóáóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõãú Åöáóì Þóæúãò áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÞöíãö¡ Ýóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõãõ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ãóæú ÊóßúÐöíÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõäúÝóÕöáò ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö.
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(1) È: ÇÈúÊóÏóÚõæåóÇ æóÇÚúÊóãóÏõæåóÇ.
(2) ÅöáøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ¡ (Ó) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(4) Ó: Èóáú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) Ó¡ È: ãóÇ.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) ä¡ ã: Ãóäú.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/37)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáäøóÞøóÇÔö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (1) : ÃóÊóÞúÈóáõæäóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¿ Ãóãú ÊóÑõÏøõæäóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¿ Ãóãú ÊóÞúÈóáõæäóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóßõãú [áóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú] (2) ¡ æóÊóÑõÏøõæäóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúßõãú¿ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÞúÈóáõæåõ (3) ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÝöí Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóåñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö (4) ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÊõäóÇÞöÖõ Þóæúáóßõãú. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí Ãóæøóáö " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö " Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ Èóáú ãõäúßóÑóÉñ (5) . æóßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ¡ áóßöäú åõæó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ íóÑúæõæäó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ Ñóæóì ßóÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÞõáõ ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõ ÍõÌóÌó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ áöíóÐúßõÑó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ (6) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÚúÊóÞóÏõ ÕöÍøóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú íõÚúÊóÞóÏõ ÖóÚúÝõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ äóÞóáúÊõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑöí¡ ÝóÇáúÚõåúÏóÉõ (7) Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÞöáö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö¡ æóÛóíúÑö
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(1) ã: æóäóÍúæöåöãú.
(2) áóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú ÞóÈöáõæåõ.
(4) ÝóÖóÇÆöáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö (ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö) Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/111 ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÃóÔúíóÇÁó íóÊóÓóÇåóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ; ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõØúáöÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ¡ ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈñ ÑóÂåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ãöäúÏóåú Ýöí ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÝóÙöíÚñ áóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ ÍößóÇíóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáõ Þóæúáó ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö ; Èóáú åõãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ãóÞúÈõæáóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ áóåõãóÇ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÓóÇßöÊöíäó ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú: " áöÓóÇäó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö " 1/201 - 202
(6) ã: ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæåõ.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÇáúÚóåúÏõ.(7/38)
Ðóáößó: íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð æóåöíó ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó [ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó] (1) Ýöí ÝóÖúáö Õóæúãö ÑóÌóÈò ßõáøõåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÑøóÛóÇÆöÈö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö áóíúáóÉö (2) ÌõãõÚóÉò ãöäúåõ¡ æóÃóáúÝöíøóÉó äöÕúÝö ÔóÚúÈóÇäó¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ãóÇ æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÓöÚóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚöíóÇáö¡ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö æóÇáúÍöäøóÇÁö æóÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö æóÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉð.
æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóãú íóÕöÍøó Ýöí ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÖúáõ ÕöíóÇãöåö. ÞóÇáó ÍóÑúÈñ ÇáúßöÑúãóÇäöíøõ: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì: «ãóäú æóÓøóÚó Úóáóì ÚöíóÇáöåö (3) íóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó æóÓøóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÇÆöÑó ÓóäóÊöåö» ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ (4) .
æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö - ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ ãöËúáõ ÎóíúËóãóÉó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÃóØúÑóÇÈõáúÓöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò. íóÑúæöí Úóäúåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð. æóåóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ÌóÑóæúÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö áöÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú ãöãøóäú íõÕóäøöÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúæöÇÈö: Ãóäøóåõ íóÑúæöí ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ (5) ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
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(1) ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ æóÝöí (È) : ßóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Ýöí ÝóÖúáö Õóæúãö ÑóÌóÈò ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó.
(2) áóíúáóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: Ãóåúáöåö.
(4) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó¡ æóåõæó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò ãóäúÓõæÈò Åöáóì ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö 2/109 - 110 æóÞóÇáó: ãóæúÖõæÚñ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó æóÖóÚóåõ æóÑóßøóÈóåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö¡ æóäóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 6/256
(5) ä¡ ã: Ðóáößó.(7/39)
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö¡ ãöËúáó " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÏöãóÔúÞó " áöÇÈúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö (1) íóÐúßõÑõ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóíóÐúßõÑõ áöÚóáöíøò æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö Ýöí ÝóÖúáöåöãóÇ ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóáóßöäú áöÚóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÔóåöÏó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍõäóíúäðÇ æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝó æóÊóÈõæßó¡ æóÍóÌøó ãóÚóåõ ÍóÌøóÉó ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúæóÍúíó¡ Ýóåõæó ãöãøóäö ÇÆúÊóãóäóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúæóÍúíö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÆúÊóãóäó ÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ íóÞúÈóáõ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÊõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÐúåóÈóåõãú. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÑõÏøõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚó¡ ÈóØóáó ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõåõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÚóÒúæöåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó [ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö] Åöáóíúåöãú (2) . æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞúÈóáõ ãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ãóÐúåóÈöí æóÃóÑõÏøõ ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ¡ Ãóãúßóäó ãõäóÇÒöÚõåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó áóåõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¡ [æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ] (3) ÈóÇØöáñ¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäøó íõÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì * ÕöÍøóÉö ãóÐúåóÈò ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ßõäúÊó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó ÕöÍøóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ ÝóÇÐúßõÑú ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì * (4) ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ áöÃóäøóåõ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ãóæúÞõæÝóÉð Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóæúÞõæÝóÉð Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÇáÏøóæúÑó ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚó.
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(1) È: Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(2) ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö Åöáóíúåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) : ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÚóÒúæöåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Åöáóíúåöãú.
(3) æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4)) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/40)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ: Åöäú ßõäúÊó ÚóÑóÝúÊó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ ÈöÏõæäö åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú ÕöÍøóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÞóÏú íóßúÐöÈõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÞóæúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÑúæöí Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (1) ÞóæúáðÇ åõæó ÍóÞøñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (2) - ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÕöÏúÞðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö (3) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú ÊóÚúÑöÝó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö ; áöÅöÝúÖóÇÆöåö Åöáóì ÇáÏøóæúÑö.
ÝóËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÍøóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÚúáõæãó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ (4) Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì Úöáúãò æóÅöäúÕóÇÝò íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÝöíåóÇ ÕöÏúÞñ æóßóÐöÈñ (5) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÐóÈõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóËóÇáöÈö æóÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÐóÈõæÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÐóÈõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõåõ æóíõÎóÇáöÝõåõ.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÐóÈõæÇ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ (6) Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈóì ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÐóÈõæÇ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ (7) Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ÃóßúËóÑõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó (8) áóÇ íóßóÇÏõæäó íóßúÐöÈõæäó¡ Èóáú åõãú ãöäú ÃóÕúÏóÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÚó ÈöÏúÚóÊöåöãú æóÖóáóÇáöåöãú.
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) æóÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ä¡ ã: ßóÐöÈñ æóÕöÏúÞñ.
(6) Ó¡ È: ãöãøóÇ íóÑúæõæäóåõ.
(7) Ó: íóÑúæõæåõ¡ È: íóÑúæõæäóåõ.
(8) Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö.(7/41)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ÝóáóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóíõßóÐøöÈõæäó [Èöåö] (1) ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ãóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóäúÞõáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃõãøóÊöåö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóíóÑõÏøõæäóåóÇ áöÚöáúãöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóíóÞúÈóáõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð áöÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑõåóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäóåõ: ÅöãøóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóäúÓõæÎóÉñ¡ Ãóæú áóåóÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑñ áóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõæäóåõ¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó.
ÝóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö Ãóäú íõÑúÌóÚó Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÚõáóãóÇÆöåö¡ æóãóäú íõÔúÑößõåõãú Ýöí Úöáúãöåöãú Úóáöãó ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó¡ æóÃóäøó íõÓúÊóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö æóÇáÖøóÚúÝö ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõäúÝóÕöáò Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÝõáóÇäñ " áóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö: áóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èößõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ßõáøõ ãõÕóäøöÝò¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÍóÏöíËò íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö äõØóÇáöÈõåõ ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóÞóÇãò ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö.
æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóäóÍúæöåö áóíúÓó ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÑúÌöÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áóÇ [Ýöí] (2) ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö (3) æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøó ßóÐöÈó ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Ùóäøö ãóäú íóÙõäøõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö - æóÈóÚúÖö ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÛöãóÇÑö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö - Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóäóÍúæóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ýöí: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) È: ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö.(7/42)
æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ãóæú ßóãóÇ íóÙõäøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÊøõÑúßõãóÇäö Ãóäøó ÍóãúÒóÉó áóåõ ãóÛóÇÒò ÚóÙöíãóÉñ æóíóäúÞõáõæäóåóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÏúÑðÇ æóÃõÍõÏðÇ æóÞõÊöáó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò¡ æóãöËúáó ãóÇ íóÙõäøõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøó Ýöí ãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÏöãóÔúÞó ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãõãøó ÓóáóãóÉó æóÛóíúÑóåóÇ¡ æóãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÃõæóíúÓñ ÇáúÞóÑúäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÞúÏóãú ÏöãóÔúÞó¡ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇãö ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÈöäúÊõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÇáÓøóßóäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö íõÓóãøõæäóåóÇ Ãõãøó ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ ÃóäøóåóÇ Ãõãøõ ÓóáóãóÉó ÒóæúÌõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò ãóÇÊó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóÃõæóíúÓñ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ áóãú íóÞúÏóãö ÇáÔøóÇãó. \ 507 æóãöËúáó ãóäú íóÙõäøõ ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö Ãóäøó ÞóÈúÑó Úóáöíøò ÈöÈóÇØöäö ÇáäøóÌóÝö. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö - ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ - íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈõØúáóÇäó åóÐóÇ¡ æóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ÏõÝöäó Ýöí ÞóÕúÑö ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÈöÈóáóÏöåö¡ ÎóæúÝðÇ Úóáóíúåö (1) ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö Ãóäú íóäúÈõÔõæåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÊóÍóÇáóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÌóÑóÍõæÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóßóÇäó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ (2) ÎóÇÑöÌóÉõ¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ íóÙõäøõåõ ÚóãúÑðÇ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ÚóãúÑðÇ æóÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉó¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ãóËóáðÇ.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö íóÚúáóãõæäó ÎöáóÇÝó Ðóáößó.
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(1) ã: Úóáóíúåöãú.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Åöäøóåõ.(7/43)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú äóÞõæáó (1) : Ýöí äóÝúÓö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò ; ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÛóÏöíÑò íõÏúÚóì ÎõãøðÇ äóÇÏóì ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏóíú Úóáöíøò æóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÔóÇÚó æóØóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÈöáóÇÏö¡ æóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËó Èúäó ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÇáúÝöåúÑöíøó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì äóÇÞóÊöåö æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúØóÍö æóÃóÊóì æóåõæó Ýöí ãóáóÃò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇãúÊóËóáõæÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáÕøöíóÇãö æóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " Ãóáóãú ÊóÑúÖóì ÈöåóÐóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÑóÝóÚúÊó ÈöÖóÈúÚóíö ÇÈúäö Úóãøößó ÊõÝóÖøöáõåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ " æóÞõáúÊó: «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝöÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» ¿ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäúßó Ãóãú (2) ãöäó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: åõæó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö (3) ¡ Ýóæóáøóì ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö íõÑöíÏõ ÑóÇÍöáóÊóåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: {Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò} ¡ ÝóãóÇ æóÕóáó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÑóãóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÍóÌóÑò¡ ÝóÓóÞóØó Úóáóì åóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÏõÈõÑöåö ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ: {ÓóÃóáó ÓóÇÆöáñ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò æóÇÞöÚò - áöáúßóÇÝöÑíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÌö: 1¡ 2] ÇáúÂíóÉó. ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áöåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó: ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò (4) ßóÇäó ãóÑúÌöÚóåõ ãöäú ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö. æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÊõÓóáøöãõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÊóÌúÚóáõ Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÚöíÏðÇ æóåõæó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáËøóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäú Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö. æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ÑóÌóÚó ãöäú ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÊóãóÇãó Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö æóÕóÝóÑò¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
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(1) ä: Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáó.
(2) Ó¡ È: Ãóæú.
(3) ã: åõæó ÃóãúÑñ ãöäó Çááøóåö.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/44)
æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõÐúßóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò æóÔóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö¡ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ æóåõæó ÈöÇáúÃóÈúØóÍö¡ æóÇáúÃóÈúØóÍõ (1) ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈõ ÌóÇåöáò áóãú íóÚúáóãú ãóÊóì ßóÇäóÊú ÞöÕøóÉõ ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ (2) ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó - ÓõæÑóÉó ÓóÃóáó ÓóÇÆöáñ - ãóßøöíøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö äóÒóáóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò ÈöÚóÔúÑö Óöäöíäó Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó [Êóßõæäõ] (3) äóÒóáóÊú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¿ .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 32] Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÒóáóÊú ÚóÞöíÈó ÈóÏúÑò (4) ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÞóÈúáó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò ÈöÓöäöíäó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÐóßøóÑó äóÈöíøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ (5) ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö} Ãóíö ÇÐúßõÑú Þóæúáóåõãú¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30] ¡ {æóÅöÐú ÛóÏóæúÊó ãöäú Ãóåúáößó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 121] ¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó: íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÃóäú íóÐúßõÑó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝúÊóÍõæÇ Èóíøóäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíåöãú ; ÝóÞóÇáó:
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(1) æóÇáúÃóÈúØóÍõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) æóÃóíúÖðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) Êóßõæäõ: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÞóÏú äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÈóÏúÑò.
(5) Ó¡ È: íóÞõæáõæäó.(7/45)
{æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäúÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 32] Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú æóÃóäúÊó Ýöíåöãú æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ãõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú æóåõãú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 33] æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ãóßøóÉó áóãú ÊóäúÒöáú Úóáóíúåöãú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÂíóÉð áóßóÇäó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÂíóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÝöíáö¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö.
æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÞöáó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö: áóÇ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÑö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõÑúæóì ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö - Úõáöãó (1) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ æóÈóÇØöáñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó (2) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó ÃõãöÑó ÈöãóÈóÇäöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ßóÇäó ãõÓúáöãðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ (3) ãöäúßó. æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÕöÈúåõ åóÐóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáøóÊöí íóÐúßõÑõåóÇ ÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉõ¡ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÚóäúÊóÑò æóÏóáúåóãóÉó. æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõÊõÈðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÐõßöÑõæÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö¡ ãöËúáó ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö " áöÇÈúäö
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Úóáóì¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ãöäú (È) .
(2) ã: ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÞóÈöáúäóÇ.(7/46)
ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ãöäúÏóåú¡ æóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÐößúÑñ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉö¡ ãöËúáó " ÊóäóÞøõáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö " áöáúÈóßúÑöíøö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö (1) æóÛóíúÑöåö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãõ ÇÏøóÚóíúÊõãú Ãóäøóßõãú ÃóËúÈóÊøõãú ÅöãóÇãóÊóåõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑöåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÕúáðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö¡ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãõÚóíøóäò.
ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÅöãóÇãóÉó Úóáöíøò åöíó (2) ãöãøóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãöãøóÇ (3) ÃõãöÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ÝóÅöäú ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. Ýóãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì [Ãóäøó] (4) ÅöãóÇãóÉó Úóáöíøò ãöãøóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÚõãõæãðÇ æóáóÇ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ (5) : Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõäóÒøöáúåóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑúåõ ÈöåóÇ (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãöãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ áóÈóáøóÛóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúÕöí Çááøóåó Ýöí Ðóáößó.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøö æóßöÊóÇÈöåö ÊóäóÞøõáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö.
(2) åöíó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ãöãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ä (ã) ¡ (Ó) .
(5) ã: ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ã: æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÈöåóÇ.(7/47)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -: " ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ßóÊóãó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúæóÍúíö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáú ÝóãóÇ ÈóáøóÛúÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67] .
áóßöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÈóáøöÛú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóåõãú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ØõÑõÞñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ íõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöåóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó.
ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóÕúáñ áóäõÞöáó¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó ÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ íõäúÞóáõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõäúÞóáõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ [ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ] (1) ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÈõáøöÛó áöáäøóÇÓö¿ ! .
æóáöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóãóÑó ÃõãøóÊóåõ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåöãú ßöÊúãóÇäõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó¡ æóØóáóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäúåõãú ÃóãöíÑñ æóãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÃóãöíÑñ¡ ÝóÃõäúßöÑó (2) Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóÑóæóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Ýöí [ãóæóÇØöäó] (3) ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí (4) : " Ãóäøó «ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò» " (5)
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(1) ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) È: ÝóÃóäúßóÑõæÇ.
(3) ãóæóÇØöäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò " ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/298 - 301 ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 520 æóÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÑóÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåõãú ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÃóÈõæ ÈóÑúÒóÉó ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó Êóßóáøóãó Úóáóì ØõÑõÞöåö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/129 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóáóåõãú Úóáóíúßõãú ÍóÞøñ æóáóßõãú ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Úóäúåõ: Íã ãõÓúäóÏõ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ä Óõäóäõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ ÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö Åöäøó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÃóÈúÑóÇÑõåóÇ ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ ÃóÈúÑóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÝõÌøóÇÑõåóÇ ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ ÝóÌøóÇÑöåóÇ. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøó æóÇáúÍóÇßöãó ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö¡ 4/75 - 76 æóÝöí ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö áöáúØóÈóÑóÇäöíøö Õ 85 æóÝöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 5/192 æóÝöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÈóÑúÒóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/421¡ 424 æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò ÑóÞúãõ 1009¡ 1029(7/48)
æóáóãú íóÑúæö æóÇÍöÏñ (1) ãöäúåõãú: áóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò.
æóÈóÇíóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõ Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãõäóÇÝò - ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÈóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú - áóåõãú ãóíúáñ Þóæöíøñ Åöáóì Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò íóÎúÊóÇÑõæäó æóáóÇíóÊóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÃõÌúÑöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ (2) Ýöí ÚóåúÏö ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÝöí ÚóåúÏöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãøóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú áóåõ æóáóÇíóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú (3) åõæó æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó (4) : Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ßóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚóåõãú (5) Ýöí Ðóáößó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó ÒóãóÇäõåõ ÒóãóÇäó ÝöÊúäóÉò æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò (6) Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ áóãú ÊóÊøóÝöÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ýöíåö áóÇ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃóÍóÏñ.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóåóßóÐóÇ ÌóÑóì ÇáäøóÕøõ.
(3) ä¡ È: áóãú íóÐúßõÑú¡ Ó: áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ.
(4) È: íóÞõæáõæäó.
(5) Ó: æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚóåõãú¡ È: ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚóåõãú¡ ã: ÊóäóÇÒóÚóåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ.(7/49)
æóÞóÇáó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøóÉö: Èóáú åõæó ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãðÇ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ æóÌóæøóÒõæÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãóÇäö áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóíóÒöíÏó¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÌöÏõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãò.
æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö: " «Êóßõæäõ ÎöáóÇÝóÉõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÕöíÑõ ãõáúßðÇ» " (1) . æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÖóÚøóÝó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ áóßöäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑóåõ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÚõãúÏóÊõåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ Ýóáóæú ÙóÝöÑõæÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãõÓúäóÏò Ãóæú ãõÑúÓóáò ãõæóÇÝöÞò áöåóÐóÇ áóÝóÑöÍõæÇ Èöåö.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö¡ åõæó ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóáóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ßóÐöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ßóÐöÈó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì ÊóÍúßöíãõ ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö¡ æóãóÚóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãóäú ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó¡ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÔöíÚóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöíåöãú ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö¡ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Ýöíåö Çáúåöãóãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÕøõ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò - ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú - ; áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú: åóÐóÇ äóÕøõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãõåõ Úóáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì äóÝúÓõåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ áóæú (2) Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/515.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÞóÏú.(7/50)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöáøó ÚóÒúáóåõ¡ æóáóæú ÚóÒóáóåõ áóßóÇäó ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó ÚóÒúáóåõ (1) Úóáóíúåö íóÞõæáõ: ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúÒöáõ ãóäú äóÕøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö¿ .
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÊóÞúÊõáõ ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ ÇáúÝöÆóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇÛöíóÉõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÎóÈóÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæö ÇËúäóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉò æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ (2) . æóÇáäøóÕøõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó Èöåö ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ¡ ÝóíóÇ áöáøóåö ÇáúÚóÌóÈõ ßóíúÝó ÓóÇÛó (3) ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÕøö¿ .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇáË " Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí æóÑóÖöíÊõ áóßõãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÏöíäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 3] Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ (5) - «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò (6) ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÒóÇáóÉö ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑö ãöäó ÇáÔøóæúßö (7) ¡ ÝóÞóÇãó (8) ÝóÏóÚóÇ
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(1) ÚóÒúáóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ã: æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/413 - 420
(3) ä¡ ã: ÔóÇÚó.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 150 (ã) .
(5) ß: ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó.
(6) ß: ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò.
(7) ß: æóÃóãóÑó ÈöãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑö ãöäó ÇáÔøóæúßö¡ ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÈóÍóÊøö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóæúßö. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã)
(8) ß: ÝóÞõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/51)
ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó (1) ÈöÖóÈúÚóíúåö ÝóÑóÝóÚóåõãóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì äóÙóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì [ÈóíóÇÖö] (2) ÅöÈöØóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: {Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí æóÑóÖöíÊõ áóßõãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÏöíäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 3] . ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Çááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ Úóáóì ÅößúãóÇáö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÅöÊúãóÇãö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö¡ æóÑöÖóÇ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöí¡ æóÈöÇáúæóáóÇíóÉö áöÚóáöíøò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ Çááøóåõãøó æóÇáö ãóäú æóÇáóÇåõ¡ æóÚóÇÏö ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÇåõ¡ æóÇäúÕõÑú ãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÐõáú ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøó Úóáóíúåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò áóÇ ÊõÝöíÏõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö: ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ äõÚóíúãò Ñóæóì ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ (3) ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇÓöÚó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ áóßöäú Ñóæóì¡ ßóãóÇ ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÃóãúËóÇáöåö íóÑúæõæäó ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ; áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖöåö. æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊöåöãú: ãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúæöí Úóãøóäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ ãöËúáó ãóÇáößò¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÑúæõæäó Úóäú ÔóÎúÕò áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡
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(1) ã: æóÃóÍóÏó.
(2) ÈóíóÇÖö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ ËöÞóÉð.(7/52)
æóáóÇ íóÑúæõæäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ Úóäú ßóÐøóÇÈò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÑúæõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÚúÑóÝõæäó ÈöÊóÚóãøõÏö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú íóÊøóÝöÞõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæõæäóåõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÃóÎúØóÃó Ýöíåö.
æóÞóÏú íóÑúæöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Êóßõæäõ ÖóÚöíÝóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõãú ; áöÇÊøöåóÇãö ÑõæóÇÊöåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁö ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ áöíõÚúÊóÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ æóíõÓúÊóÔúåóÏó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ áöÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÍúÝõæÙñ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ áóåõ ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÎóØóÃñ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ßóÐøóÈóåóÇ (1) Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ áóíúÓó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ Èóáú íóÑúæöí ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóíõÑúæóì ÍóÏöíËõåõ.
æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ Èóáú íóÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÈóíøõäõ (2) ãöäú ÎóÈóÑöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 6] ÝóíõÑúæóì áöÊóäúÙõÑó ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö: åóáú ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Ãóæó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¿ .
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó íóÚöÒøõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóãúíöíÒõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö¡ Èóáú íóÚúÌöÒõ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóíóÑúæöí ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ æóÇáÏøóÑúßõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö áóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÝöí ÑöÌóÇáöåö æóÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö. æóåóÐóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóáöÐóáößó (4) áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúÌöÚõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
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(1) È: ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÇáÊøóÈúíöíäõ.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: æóáöåóÐóÇ.(7/53)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (1) æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó æóÇÞöÝñ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ «æóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÂíóÉñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈößõãú ÊóÞúÑóÁõæäóåóÇ ; áóæú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúíóåõæÏö äóÒóáóÊú áóÇÊøóÎóÐúäóÇ Ðóáößó [Çáúíóæúãó] (2) ÚöíÏðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: æóÃóíøõ ÂíóÉò åöíó¿ ÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: {Çáúíóæúãó ÃóßúãóáúÊõ áóßõãú Ïöíäóßõãú æóÃóÊúãóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßõãú äöÚúãóÊöí æóÑóÖöíÊõ áóßõãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÏöíäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 3] ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøöí áóÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóíøõ íóæúãò äóÒóáóÊú¡ æóÝöí Ãóíøö ãóßóÇäò äóÒóáóÊú. äóÒóáóÊú (3) íóæúãó ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó (4) æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÞöÝñ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó» . æóåóÐóÇ ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖñ ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉö æõÌõæåò ÃõÎóÑó (5) . æóåõæó ãóäúÞõæáñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó: ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö æóÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö (6) æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó (7) .
æóåóÐóÇ Çáúíóæúãõ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò ÈöÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÊóÇÓöÚó Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú íóæúãó ÇáúÛóÏöíÑö¿ ! .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ÈöæóÌúåò
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(1) ã: æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö.
(2) Çáúíóæúãó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) äóÒóáóÊú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃõÎúÑóì.
(6) ã: æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏõ æóÇáÓøõäóäõ æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑõ.
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/14¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóäõÞúÕóÇäöåö) 6/50 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2312 - 2313 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 3¡ 4¡ 5) Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/316 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/100 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÔóÑóÇÆöÚöåö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝõ) 1/237¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 3/24(7/54)
ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ Èóáú ÝöíåóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ Çááøóåö ÈöÅößúãóÇáö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÅöÊúãóÇãö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÑöÖóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÏöíäðÇ. ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö. æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ.
ÝóÚóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøóäõ Èöåö (1) ßóÐöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó äõÒõæáó ÇáúÂíóÉö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: " «Çááøóåõãøó æóÇáö ãóäú æóÇáóÇåõ¡ æóÚóÇÏö ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÇåõ¡ æóÇäúÕõÑú ãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÐõáú ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ» " ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäú ßõäúÊõ ãóæúáóÇåõ ÝóÚóáöíøñ ãóæúáóÇåõ» " Ýóáóåõãú Ýöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö¡ æóÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ - Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÏõÚóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÌóÇÈñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ áóíúÓó ÈöãõÌóÇÈò¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÕúäóÇÝò: ÕöäúÝñ ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÕöäúÝñ ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ¡ æóÕöäúÝñ ÞóÚóÏõæÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ. æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÚõæÏö. æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ. æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ãóäøó ÚóãøóÇÑó Èúäó íóÇÓöÑò ÞóÊóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö (2) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö
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(1) Èöåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇÏöíóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÇáúÛóÇÏöíóÉö.(7/55)
åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó¡ ãöãøóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö. æóÃõæáóÆößó ÌóãöíÚõåõãú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ.
ÝóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈóÇíóÚó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Ãóäøó ÛõáóÇãó ÍóÇØöÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóáúÊóÚóÉó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ áöíóÏúÎõáóäøó ÍóÇØöÈñ ÇáäøóÇÑó. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ßóÐóÈúÊó ; Åöäøóåõ ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ æóÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó» " (2) .
æóÍóÇØöÈñ åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇÊóÈó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó äóÒóáó (3) : {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÚóÏõæøöí æóÚóÏõæøóßõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ÊõáúÞõæäó Åöáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäóÉö: 1] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÓöíÆðÇ Åöáóì ãóãóÇáöíßöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóãúáõæßõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ æóßóÐøóÈóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÞóÇáó: " Åöäøóåõ ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ æóÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó " æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈóÇíóÚó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö» ".
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíåöãú ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ßóØóáúÍóÉó (4) æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇÊöáõ ÚóãøóÇÑò Ýöíåöãú Ýóåõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö äóÍúæó ÃóáúÝò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÊóÍó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú (5) ÎóíúÈóÑó (6) ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ æóÞóÓøóãóåóÇ Èóíúäóåõãõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/28
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/39
(3) ä: äóÒóáóÊú.
(4) Ó¡ È: ØóáúÍóÉó.
(5) ä¡ ã: áóåõãú.
(6) ã: ßõáøó ÎóíúÑò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/56)
ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÓóåúãðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãöÇÆóÊóÇ ÝóÇÑöÓò¡ ÝóÞóÓøóãó áöáúÝóÇÑöÓö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÓúåõãò: ÓóåúãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÓóåúãóíúäö áöÝóÑóÓöåö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÎóíúáö ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö Óóåúãò¡ æóáöÛóíúÑöåöãú ÃóáúÝñ æóãöÇÆóÊóÇ Óóåúãò. åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö (1) ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÓúåóãó áöáúÝóÇÑöÓö Óóåúãóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÎóíúáó ßóÇäóÊú ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ãóäú íóÞõæáõåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇÊóáó ãóÚóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ ßóÓóåúáö Èúäö ÍõäóíúÝò¡ æóÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò. áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ãóÚóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ. æóßóÐóáößó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö (2) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Ýöí (3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " «Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõåõ» " (4) ÝóÇÚúÊóÒóáó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊõÏöáøó Èöåö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó ßóÇäó ÞöÊóÇáó ÝöÊúäóÉò ÈöÊóÃúæöíáò¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøö.
æóÚóáöíøñ - æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ - Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÊóãúÑõÞõ ãóÇÑöÞóÉñ Úóáóì ÎóíúÑö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÊóÞúÊõáõåõãú Ãóæúáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö» " (5) ÝóÏóáøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ãöãøóäú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó áóãøóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ ÝóßóÇäó Þóæúãñ ãóÚóåõ æóÞóæúãñ Úóáóíúåö. Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ áóãú íõÎúÐóáõæÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ÒóÇáõæÇ (6)
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö¡ 7/308 - 309 æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/28¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú 2/23 - 28
(2) ã: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ.
(3) ã: Ýöíåö.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/541
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/306
(6) Ó¡ È: Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ.(7/57)
ãóäúÕõæÑöíäó íóÝúÊóÍõæäó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó æóíóÞúÊõáõæäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÙóÇåöÑöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ áóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú æóáóÇ ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ» " (1) ÞóÇáó: " ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ÌóÈóáò: " æóåõãú ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö ".
æóÝöí ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈö ÙóÇåöÑöíäó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ» " (2) . ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑõåõ: " Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈö åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö ".
æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ÈóáóÏò áóåõ ÛóÑúÈñ æóÔóÑúÞñ¡ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÛóÑúÈö ãóÏöíäóÊöåö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö åõæó ÛóÑúÈõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÈöíÑóÉõ (3) æóäóÍúæõåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóãúÊö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÍóÑøóÇäó (4) æóÇáÑøóÞøóÉó (5) æóÓõãóíúÓóÇØó (6) æóäóÍúæóåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóãúÊö ãóßøóÉó. æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ÞöÈúáóÉó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÚúÏóáõ ÇáúÞöÈóáö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóßó ÊóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÞõØúÈó ÇáÔøóãóÇáöíøó ÎóáúÝó ÙóåúÑößó¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóÑúÈöíøó ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö Ýóåõæó ÛóÑúÈöíøõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö Ãóæøóáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/461.
(2) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/461
(3) ÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö¡ ÇáúÈöíÑóÉõ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäúåóÇ ÈóáóÏñ ÞõÑúÈó ÓõãóíúÓóÇØó Èóíúäó ÍóáóÈó æóÇáËøõÛõæÑö ÇáÑøõæãöíøóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÞóáúÚóÉñ ÍóÕöíäóÉñ.
(4) ÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö¡ åöíó ãóÏöíäóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ãöäú ÌóÒöíÑóÉö ÃóÞõæÑó æóåöíó ÞóÕóÈóÉõ ÏöíóÇÑö ãõÖóÑó¡ ÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøõåóÇ íóæúãñ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøóÞøóÉö íóæúãóÇäö.
(5) ÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊõ ÇáÑøóÞøóÉõ ÈöÝóÊúÍö Ãóæøóáöåö æóËóÇäöíåö ÊóÔúÏöíÏõåõ¡ æóåöíó ãóÏöíäóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö ÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÍóÑøóÇäó ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóíøóÇãò¡ ãóÚúÏõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö áöÃóäøóåóÇ¡ ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøö.
(6) ã: æóÓõãóÓóÇØó. æóÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö: ÓõãóíúÓóÇØõ¡ ÈöÖóãøò Ãóæøóáöåö æóÝóÊúÍö ËóÇäöíóÉò Ëõãøó íóÇÁò ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÓóÇßöäóÉò æóÓöíäò ÃõÎúÑóì Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóáöÝö ØóÇÁñ ãõåúãóáóÉñ¡ ãóÏöíäóÉñ Úóáóì ÔóÇØöÆö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö Ýöí ØóÑóÝö ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÑøõæãö Úóáóì ÛóÑúÈöíøö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö.(7/58)
æóÇáúÚóÓúßóÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÇ ÎõÐöáõæÇ ÞóØøõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö Úóáöíøò. ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÇÎúÐõáú ãóäú ÎóÐóáóåõ æóÇäúÕõÑú ãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ» " [æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ áóãú íõäúÕóÑõæÇ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Èóáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÎúÊóÕøõæäó ÈöÚóáöíøò ãóÇ ÒóÇáõæÇ ãóÎúÐõæáöíäó ãóÞúåõæÑöíäó áóÇ íõäúÕóÑõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÅöãøóÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÅöãøóÇ ßõÝøóÇÑò¡ æóåõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóäúÕóÇÑõåõ] (1) ¡ ÝóÃóíúäó äóÕúÑõ Çááøóåö áöãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¿ ! æóåóÐóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ßóÐöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÑÇÈÚ " æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÇáäøóÌúãö {ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì - ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 1 - 2] Ñóæóì ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (3) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö «Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ ãóÚó ÝöÊúíóÉò ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐö ÇäúÞóÖøó ßóæúßóÈñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ãóäö ÇäúÞóÖøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãõ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúæóÕöíøõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí " ÝóÞóÇãó ÝöÊúíóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ÝóäóÙóÑõæÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇáúßóæúßóÈõ ÞóÏö ÇäúÞóÖøó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö Úóáöíøò (4) ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÏú (5) ÛóæóíúÊó Ýöí ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È)
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 150 (ã) ¡ Õ 151 (ã) .
(3) È: ÇÈúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøõ¡ Ó: ÇÈúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøñ.
(4) ß: Õ 151 ã: Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) ß: áóÞóÏú.(7/59)
{æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì - ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 1 - 2] .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò ÍóÑóÇãñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 36] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Þõáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó ÑóÈøöíó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔó ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ ÈóØóäó æóÇáúÅöËúãó æóÇáúÈóÛúíó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóäú ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 33] .
æóÞóÇáó: {åóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍóÇÌóÌúÊõãú ÝöíãóÇ áóßõãú Èöåö Úöáúãñ Ýóáöãó ÊõÍóÇÌøõæäó ÝöíãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßõãú Èöåö Úöáúãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 66] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íõÌóÇÏöáõ Ýöí Çááøóåö ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 3] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÌóÇÏöáõæäó Ýöí ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÓõáúØóÇäò ÃóÊóÇåõãú ßóÈõÑó ãóÞúÊðÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóÚöäúÏó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò: 35] (1) .
æóÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÊóÇåõãú åõæó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÂÊöíóÉõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Ãóãú ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ Ýóåõæó íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Èöåö íõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 35] æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóãú áóßõãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ ãõÈöíäñ ÝóÃúÊõæÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈößõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 156 - 157] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäú åöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁñ ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 23]
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÍõÑøöÝóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ Åöáóì Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó.(7/60)
ÝóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ Úóäö Çááøóåö Ýóåõæó ÓõáúØóÇäñ¡ ÝóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ (1) ÓõáúØóÇäñ¡ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÓõáúØóÇäñ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãóäúÞõæáò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ¡ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏó ãõæÌöÈóåõ æóíóÓúÊóÏöáøó Èöåö. æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÚóáóíúåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ ãõÓúÊóÏöáøðÇ ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò.
æóÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÕóÇÑó ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãöËúáó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÕúÏõÞõ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóíóßúÐöÈõ ÃõÎúÑóì. Èóáú áóæú áóãú íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ áóãú íóÝöÏúäóÇ ÚöáúãðÇ ÍóÊøóì äóÚúáóãó (2) ËöÞóÉó ãóäú ÑóæóÇåóÇ.
æóÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöÆõæäó ãöäó ÇáÓøöäöíäö (3) ¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøó ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÞõáõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÕöÏúÞðÇ æóßóÐöÈðÇ (4) ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóíõßúÐóÈõ Úóáóíøó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõßúÐóÈó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÐöÈðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúåö. æóÅöäú (5) ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóÌõÒú áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÝóÑúÚöíøóÉò ÈöÍóÏöíËò ÍóÊøóì íõÈóíøöäó ãóÇ Èöåö íóËúÈõÊõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÍúÊóÌøõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ ÇáøóÊöí íóÞúÏóÍõ ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúÞõÑõæäö æóÌóãóÇåöíÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÓóÇÏóÇÊö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈöíäó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÕöÏúÞóåõ¿ .
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(1) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ.
(2) Ó¡ È: íóÚúáóãõ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÕöÏúÞñ æóßóÐöÈñ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) È: æóÅöÐú.(7/61)
æóåõæó áóæú Þöíáó áóåõ: ÃóÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÇÞöÚñ¿ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó. Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó (1) íóÚúáóãõ æõÞõæÚóåõ¿ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ãöäú Ãóíúäó ÚóáöãúÊó ÕöÏúÞó Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóáößó [ãöãøóÇ] (2) áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö (3) æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¿ æóÃóäúÊó áóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøóßó ÚóÑóÝúÊóåõ áóÚóÑóÝúÊó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÓõæÛõ áóßó (4) ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõ (5) ÕöÍøóÊóåõ¿ .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøõ (6) áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ (7) ãöäú ÌóÇãöÚöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãóÇ ÛóÇáöÈõåõ ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ; ßóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÕóäúÚóÊöåö¡ ÝóÚóãóÏó Åöáóì ãóÇ æóÌóÏóåõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ÝóÌóãóÚóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóÎúØóÈõ ÎõæóÇÑöÒúãó¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ íóÑúæöí ÝöíãóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö¡ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÃóÞóáøö ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö (8) .
æóáóÓúäóÇ äóÚúáóãõ (9) Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ) (10) ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ (11) ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöí
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóíúäó.
(2) ãöãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä: ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò.
(4) È: áóåõ.
(5) ã¡ È: íóÚúáóãõ.
(6) È: ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöíøõ.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
(8) Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÞúáö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(9) ã: æóáóíúÓó íóÚúáóãõ.
(10) ä¡ Ó: íóÚúÊóãöÏõ¡ ã: ÊóÚúÊóãöÏõ.
(11) 11) ã: ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ.(7/62)
ÊóíóÞøóäóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúæõæäóåóÇ (1) ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ßóËöíÑñ (2) ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóãóÇ ÞóÏú ßóÐøóÈóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÞóÈúáóåõãú¡ æóåõãóÇ - æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ - ÞóÏú íóÑúæõæäó Ðóáößó æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÞóÏú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ. ÝóáóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí åóáú ßóÇäóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¿ Ãóæú ßóÇäóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãóÇäö Ðóáößó¿ .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ (3) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " (4) áóßöäú ÈöÓöíóÇÞò ÂÎóÑó (5) ¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ÚõÑöÌó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö (6) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÃóÑóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÈö Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó (7) ÌóÚóáó íõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóäú ÚóÌóÇÆöÈö ÑóÈøöåö (8) ¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãóßøóÉó ãóäú ßóÐøóÈóåõ¡ æóÕóÏøóÞóåõ ãóäú ÕóÏøóÞóåõ¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÇäúÞóÖøó äóÌúãñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ãóäú (9) æóÞóÚó [åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãõ] (10) Ýóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ (11) Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÌúãó (12) ÝóæóÌóÏõæåõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò [- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -] (13) ÝóÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ãóßøóÉó:
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(1) ã: íóÑúæöíåóÇ.
(2) ßóËöíÑñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) 1/372 - 373.
(5) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÓöíóÇÞðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ íóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÍõÏøöËúÊõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÅöáóÎú.
(6) ã: áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ¡ Ó¡ È: áóãøóÇ ÚõÑöÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ä) ¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
(7) Ó¡ È: ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó.
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóäö ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÈö¡ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ãöäú ÚóÌóÇÆöÈö ÑóÈøöåö.
(9) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ãóäú.
(10)) åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóÝöí (ã) : åóÐóÇ.
(11) 11) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ.
(12) 12) ÇáäøóÌúãó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(13) 13) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: Ýöí (ã) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÝóÞóØú.(7/63)
Öóáøó ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóÛóæóì¡ æóåóæóì Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöåö (1) ¡ æóãóÇáó Åöáóì ÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉõ: {æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì - ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì} (2) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 1 - 2] . ÞóÇáó:» ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (3) : " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöíåö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÈúÑóÏó ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÙõáõãóÇÊñ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò æóßóÐóáößó (4) ÇáúßóáúÈöíøõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóåóãõ Èöåö ÇáúßóáúÈöíøõ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó (5) : ßóÇäó ÇáúßóáúÈöíøõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóãõÊú¡ æóÅöäøóåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÃóæúÇ ÓóÍóÇÈóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝöíåóÇ. áóÇ íóÍöáøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÚóÌóÈõ (6) ãöäú ÊóÛúÝöíáö (7) ãóäú æóÖóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ßóíúÝó ÑóÊøóÈó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ (8) Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö (9) ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÌúãó íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑò æóíóËúÈõÊõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íõÑóì (10) ¡ æóãöäú Èóáóåöåö Ãóäøóåõ æóÖóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Òóãóäó (11) ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö ÇÈúäó ÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÔúåóÏõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö (12) æóíóÑúæöíåóÇ¿ ".
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(1) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóåóæóì Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö.
(2) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì.
(3) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(4) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö 1/373: ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò ÈóÇÐóÇãõ æóåõæó ßóÐøóÇÈñ æóßóÐóáößó.
(5) ä¡ Ó: Èúäö ÍóíøóÇäó
(6) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÞõáúÊõ: æóÇáúÚóÌóÈõ.
(7) ãöäú ÊóÛúÝöíáö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóÝöí (È) : ãöäú ÊóÚóÞøõáö¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) ãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ.
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÇ áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ.
(9) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÇáúÚõÞõæáö.
(10)) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóíóËúÈõÊõ ÍóÊøóì íõÑóì.
(11) 11) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Ýöí Òóãóäö.
(12) 12) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÍóÇáó.(7/64)
ÞõáúÊõ: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ãöãøóÇ æõÖöÚó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (1) : æóÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÚóíúäöåö Þóæúãñ æóÛóíøóÑõæÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ¡ æóÑóæóæúåõ (2) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÛóÑöíÈò (3) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑö¡ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ËóæúÈóÇäõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÛóÓøóÇäó ÇáäøóåúÔóáöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò (4) ÞóÇáó: " «ÇäúÞóÖøó ßóæúßóÈñ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóæúßóÈö Ýóãóäö ÇäúÞóÖøó Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåö Ýóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ (5) ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí. ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÙóÑúäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú (6) ÇäúÞóÖøó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö Úóáöíøò (7) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ (8) : ÞóÏú Ûóæóì ãõÍóãøóÏñ Ýöí ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò (9) . ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì - ãóÇ Öóáøó ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú æóãóÇ Ûóæóì} » ÇáúÂíóÇÊö (10) [ÓõæÑóÉõ
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÑóæóæúÇ.
(3) ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö " æóÑóæóæúåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÛóÑöíÈò " ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Úóäú ÍóãúÏö Èúäö äóÕúÑö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Åöáóì Ãóäú æóÕóáó Åöáóì: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö äóÕúÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóäóÏö.
(4) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó ÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ËóæúÈóÇäõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÛóÓøóÇäó ÇáäøóåúÔóáöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ËóÇÈöÊñ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò.
(5) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ.
(6) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.
(7) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò.
(8) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(9) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò.
(10)) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: æóÇáäøóÌúãö ÅöÐóÇ åóæóì¡ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì.(7/65)
ÇáäøóÌúãö: 1 - 2] ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö (1) : æóåóÐóÇ [ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ] åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ (2) ÓóÑóÞóåõ (3) ÈóÚúÖõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÝóÛóíøóÑó (4) ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ¡ æóãöäú ÊóÛúÝöíáöåö æóÖúÚõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ Úóáóì ÃóäóÓò ÝóÅöäøó ÃóäóÓðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÈöãóßøóÉó Òóãóäó ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö (5) ¡ æóáóÇ Íöíäó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö (6) ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌó ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÈöÓóäóÉò¡ æóÃóäóÓñ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÙõáõãóÇÊñ. ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇáößñ ÇáäøóåúÔóáöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÃúÊöí Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ËóæúÈóÇäõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÎõæ Ðöí Çáäøõæäö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö ÖóÚöíÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÊúÑõæßõåõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò (7) ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ãóÌúåõæáóÇäö ".
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÔóåöÏó äõÒõæáó ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÌúãö Íöíäó ÇäúÞóÖøó ÇáúßóæúßóÈó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóÇ äóÒóáó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Íöíäó ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó ãõÑóÇåöÞðÇ áöáúÈõáõæÛö áóãú íóÍúÊóáöãú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ åóßóÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö. ÝóÚöäúÏó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóãú íóßõäú æõáöÏó ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ØöÝúáðÇ áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑó ßóÇäó áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò äóÍúæó ÎóãúÓö (8) Óöäöíäó¡ æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú æõáöÏó ÚöäúÏó äõÒõæáö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÌúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóæóÇÆöáö ãóÇ äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(2) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ.
(3) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓóÑóÞóåõ.
(4) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÝóÛóíøóÑõæÇ.
(5) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: Ýöí Òóãóäö.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÂíóÉö.
(7) ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊõ: æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö.
(8) ä¡ Ó: ÇáúÎóãúÓö.(7/66)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóäúÞóÖøó ÞóØøõ ßóæúßóÈñ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöãóßøóÉó æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ. æóáóãøóÇ ÈõÚöËó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóËõÑó ÇáÑøóãúíõ ÈöÇáÔøõåõÈö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú (1) íóäúÒöáú ßóæúßóÈñ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöËúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúæöí ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú [åõæó ãöäú] ÃóæúÞóÍö (2) ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÌúÑóÆöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÃóÞóáøöåöãú ÍóíóÇÁð æóÏöíäðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑõæÌõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóÍúãóÞöåöãú¡ æóÃóÞóáøöåöãú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð æóÚöáúãðÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó äõÒõæáó ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÌúãö ßóÇäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäö ÇÍúÊóáóãó (3) æóáóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÔõÑöÚó ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÑóÇÆöÖõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ æóËóáóÇËðÇ æóÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÑóÇÆöÖõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö (4) ¡ æóáóÇ Õóæúãõ ÑóãóÖóÇäó (5) ¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÃóãúÑõ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áóæú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ßóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóæúåõ íóæúãó ÛóÏöíÑö Îõãøò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú äóÒóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¿ .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÌúãó ÇáúãõÞúÓóãó Èöåö: ÅöãøóÇ äõÌõæãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äõÌõæãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ: Åöäøóåõ ßóæúßóÈñ äóÒóáó Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÃóÍóÏò ÈöãóßøóÉó.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÛóæóíúÊó "
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(1) ã: áóãú.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÃóæúÞóÍö.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóãú íóÍúÊóáöãú.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ: æóáóÇ ÍóÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ä: æóáóÇ ÕóÇãó ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ ã: æóáóÇ ÕóÇãó ÔóåúÑó ÑóãóÖóÇäó.(7/67)
¡ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö æóÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãó Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÚöÞóÉð¡ ÝóáóíúÓó äõÒõæáõ ÇáÕøóÇÚöÞóÉö Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÔóÎúÕò ßóÑóÇãóÉð áóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú äõÌõæãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóåóÐöåö áóÇ ÊõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÇáúÝóáóßó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÔøõåõÈö ÝóåóÐöåö (1) íõÑúãóì ÈöåóÇ ÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö¡ æóåöíó áóÇ ÊóäúÒöáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí Ñõãöíó ÈöåóÇ æóÕóáó Åöáóì ÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøò ÍóÊøóì ÇÍúÊóÑóÞó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ßóÑóÇãóÉð áóåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú (2) íóÞóÚú ÞóØøõ.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÎÇãÓ " ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 33] . ÝóÑóæóì (4) . (5) Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäú æóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö ÞóÇáó: «ØóáóÈúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí (6) ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ [- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -] (7) : ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÇÁóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÝóÏóÎóáóÇ æóÏóÎóáóÊú ãóÚóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÌúáóÓó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö¡ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó Úóäú íóãöíäöåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÊóÝóÚó Úóáóíúåöãú (8) ÈöËóæúÈöåö¡
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(1) ã: Ýóåõæó¡ Ó: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(2) ã: áóÇ.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 151 (ã) 152 (ã) .
(4) ß: Ñóæóì
(5) ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò
(6) ã: Åöáóì.
(7) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí (ß) ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ã: ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ.(7/68)
æóÞóÇáó: " {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáöí ÍóÞøðÇ (1) .» «æóÚóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÊúåõ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - (2) ÈöÈõÑúãóÉò ÝöíåóÇ ÍóÑöíÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÏóÎóáóÊú ÈöåóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (3) : " ÇÏúÚöí (4) ÒóæúÌóßö æóÇÈúäóíúßö. ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóÌóÇÁó Úóáöíøñ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (5) ÝóÏóÎóáõæÇ æóÌóáóÓõæÇ íóÃúßõáõæäó (6) ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÑöíÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó æóåõãú Úóáóì ãóäóÇãö áóåõ Úóáöíøò (7) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊóåõ ßöÓóÇÁñ ÎóíúÈóÑöíøñ (8) . ÞóÇáóÊú: æóÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌúÑóÉö ÃõÕóáøöí (9) ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÝóÖúáó ÇáúßöÓóÇÁö æóßóÓóÇåõãú Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌó íóÏóåõ ÝóÃóáúæóì ÈöåóÇ) (10) . Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí¡ ÝóÃóÐúåöÈú (11) Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó
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(1) ß: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí¡ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÍóÞøõ.
(2) ß: ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(3) ß: ÞóÇáó.
(4) ß: ÇÏúÚöí áöí.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóÍóÓóäñ æóÍóÓóäñ¡ ß: æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: ÝóÃóßóáõæÇ.
(7) Úóáöíøò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) : æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÚóÇáò.
(8) ÎóíúÈóÑöíøñ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ß) ¡ (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò¡ æóÝöí (Ó) ¡ (È) ÍöÈúíóÑöíøñ.
(9) ÃõÕóáøöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(10) Ó¡ È: íóÏóíúåö ÝóÃóáúæóì ÈöåöãóÇ¡ ä: íóÏóíúåö ÝóÃóáúæóì ÈöåóÇ
(11) ß: (Õ 152 ã) : Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí æóÎóÇÕøóÊöí Çááøóåõãøó ÝóÃóÐúåöÈú.(7/69)
æóØóåøöÑúåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ¡ æóßóÑøóÑó (1) Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóÃóÏúÎóáúÊõ ÑóÃúÓöí æóÞõáúÊõ: æóÃóäóÇ ãóÚóåõãú (2) íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóßö Åöáóì (3) ÎóíúÑò.» æóÝöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÈöáóÝúÙöåö: " ÅöäøóãóÇ " æóÅöÏúÎóÇáõ (4) ÇááøóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ Ýöí ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: [" Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö " æóÇáÊøóßúÑöíÑõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú " æóÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö:] (5) " ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ ". æóÛóíúÑõåõãú áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÕõæãò¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ (6) Ýöí Úóáöíøò ; æóáöÃóäøóåõ (7) ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉò ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÊóÞóãøóÕóåóÇ (8) ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ (9) Ãóäøó ãóÍóáøöí ãöäúåóÇ ãóÍóáøó ÇáúÞõØúÈö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍóì. æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó äóÝúíõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓö Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (10) ÕóÍöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó (11) æóÍóÓóäò æóÍõÓóíúäò (12) : «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí ÝóÃóÐúåöÈú Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó æóØóåøöÑúåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ» " (13) .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóßóÑøóÑó.
(2) ß: ãóÚóßõãú.
(3) ß: Úóáóì.
(4) ß: æóÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáö.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) Ó¡ È: æöáóÇíóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) ä¡ Ó: ÇäúÞóãóÕóåóÇ.
(9) ß: æóÅöäøóåõ áöíóÚúáóãõ.
(10)) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(11) ä¡ Ó: Ãóæú ÝóÇØöãóÉó.
(12) Ó: æóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö.
(13) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/22(7/70)
æóÑóæóì Ðóáößó ãõÓúáöãñ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóÏóÇÉð æóÚóáóíúåö ãöÑúØñ ãõÑóÍøóáñ (1) ãöäú ÔóÚúÑò ÃóÓúæóÏó¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÝóÃóÏúÎóáóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáóåõ [ãóÚóåõ] (2) ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáóåóÇ [ãóÚóåõ] (3) ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó Úóáöíøñ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} » . æóåõæó ãóÔúåõæÑñ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö (4) ¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú æóáóÇ ÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãú. æóÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÞóÇãóíúäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíóÌúÚóáó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 6] ¡ æóßóÞóæúáöåö: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Èößõãõ ÇáúíõÓúÑó æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Èößõãõ ÇáúÚõÓúÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 185] ¡ æóßóÞóæúáöåö: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÈóíøöäó áóßõãú æóíóåúÏöíóßõãú Óõäóäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú æóíóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúßõãú æóÇááøóåõ Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ æóÇááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúßõãú æóíõÑöíÏõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö Ãóäú ÊóãöíáõæÇ ãóíúáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 26 - 27] . ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó Çááøóåö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉð áöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö áöÐóáößó (5) ¡ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö æóÑöÖóÇåõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÔóÑóÚóåõ áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóãóÑóåõãú Èöåö¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóÇåõ æóÞóÏøóÑóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó. æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÏó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö
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(1) Ó: ãõÑóÌøóáñ.
(2) ãóÚóåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) ãóÚóåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(4) ÐóßóÑúÊõ ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 4/22 ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö.
(5) ä¡ Ó: ÈöÐóáößó.(7/71)
ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí ÝóÃóÐúåöÈú Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó æóØóåøöÑúåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ» ". ÝóØóáóÈó ãöäó Çááøóåö áóåõãú ÅöÐúåóÇÈó ÇáÑøöÌúÓö æóÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö. Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó Çááøóåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÐúåóÈó Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó æóØóåøóÑóåõãú¡ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÇáØøóáóÈö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö. æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó Çááøóåö ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íõÑöíÏõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóíóßõæäõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÑöíÏðÇ áöÐóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ÞóÏóÑöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö¿ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅöíãóÇäó ãóäú Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýóáóãú íóÞóÚú ãõÑóÇÏõåõ¿ . æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö äóæúÚóÇäö: ÅöÑóÇÏóÉñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ ÏöíäöíøóÉñ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ æóÑöÖóÇåõ¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉñ ßóæúäöíøóÉñ ÞóÏóÑöíøóÉñ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÎóáúÞóåõ æóÊóÞúÏöíÑóåõ. ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöËúáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö. æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãöËúáõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú íõÑöÏö Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóåÏöíóåõ íóÔúÑóÍú ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóäú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íõÖöáøóåõ íóÌúÚóáú ÕóÏúÑóåõ ÖóíøöÞðÇ ÍóÑóÌðÇ ßóÃóäøóãóÇ íóÕøóÚøóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 125] æóÞóæúáõ äõæÍò: {æóáóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú äõÕúÍöí Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóäúÕóÍó áóßõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÛúæöíóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 34](7/72)
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊóÉö (1) æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö íóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó äóæúÚðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ. Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ íóäúÝõæäó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõ áöãóÇ Èóíøóäó (2) Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑóÇÏñ Ýöí ÂíóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö (3) ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó íóäúÝõæäó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõ áöãóÇ Èóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑóÇÏñ Ýöí ÂíóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö (4) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ßõáøõ ãóÇ Þöíáó: " Åöäøóåõ ãõÑóÇÏñ " ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó (5) Ãóäú íóßõæäõ ßóÇÆöäðÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóäú íõØóåøöÑóåõãú¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ÊóÇÈó¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú áóãú íóÊõÈú¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ÊóØóåøóÑó¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú áóãú íóÊóØóåøóÑú. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÏóÇáøóÉð Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö æóÅöÐúåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÂíóÉö ËõÈõæÊõ ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ. æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÃóÒúæóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÐúßõæÑóÇÊò Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈöåö¡ æóæóÚúÏö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇäöÓóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãóäú íóÃúÊö ãöäúßõäøó ÈöÝóÇÍöÔóÉò ãõÈóíøöäóÉò íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÖöÚúÝóíúäö æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Çááøóåö íóÓöíÑðÇ} . {æóãóäú íóÞúäõÊú ãöäúßõäøó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÊóÚúãóáú ÕóÇáöÍðÇ äõÄúÊöåóÇ ÃóÌúÑóåóÇ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö æóÃóÚúÊóÏúäóÇ áóåóÇ ÑöÒúÞðÇ ßóÑöíãðÇ} . {íóÇäöÓóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö áóÓúÊõäøó ßóÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Åöäö ÇÊøóÞóíúÊõäøó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÎúÖóÚúäó ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÝóíóØúãóÚó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÑóÖñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 30 - 32] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {
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(1) ã: ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
(2) ä¡ ã: íõÈóíøöäõ.
(3) ä: Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ¡ Ó¡ È: Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚõ.
(4) Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóÞóØú æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÝöí (ä) Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚõ æóÝöí (ã) : Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(5) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ.(7/73)
æóÃóØöÚúäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 33] . ÝóÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ßõáøõåõ áöÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóãóÚóåõäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÇáäøóåúíõ æóÇáúæóÚúÏõ æóÇáúæóÚöíÏõ. áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÝóÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚõãøõåõäøó æóÊóÚõãøõ ÛóíúÑóåõäøó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó (1) ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ; æóáöÐóáößó ÎóÕøóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö áóåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {áóãóÓúÌöÏñ ÃõÓøöÓó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúæóì ãöäú Ãóæøóáö íóæúãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 108] äóÒóáóÊú ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóÓúÌöÏö ÞõÈóÇÁó¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó íóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ æóíóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ íõæóÌøöåõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÓøöÓó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " åõæó ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ» " (2) . æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÃúÊöí ÞõÈóÇÁó ßõáøó ÓóÈúÊò ãóÇÔöíðÇ æóÑóÇßöÈðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÞõæãõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöåö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóíóÃúÊöí ÞõÈóÇÁó íóæúãó
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(1) ä¡ È: æóÛóíúÑöåö áóíúÓó¡ Ó: æóÛóíúÑö áóíúÓó.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/344 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 5097) æóäóÕøõåõ: ÊóãóÇÑóì ÑóÌõáóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÓøöÓó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúæóì ãöäú Ãóæøóáö íóæúãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ: åõæó ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÞõÈóÇÁó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ: åõæó ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (åõæó ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ) ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/30 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÓøöÓó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúæóì) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ ((Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)) 3/8¡ 5/116¡ 331¡ 335(7/74)
ÇáÓøóÈúÊö (1) . æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãõÄóÓøóÓñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúæóì. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (2) ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ áóßöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó (3) ÃóÎóÕøõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö. æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò: ãóäú åõãú¿ ÝóÞöíáó: åõãú (4) ÃõãøóÊõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (5) . æóÞöíáó: ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö. æóÑóæóæúÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ: " «Âáõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ßõáøñ ãõÄúãöäò ÊóÞöíøò» " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ æóÊóãøóÇãñ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö " áóåõ. æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (6) . æóÈóäóì Úóáóì (7) Ðóáößó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Ãóäøó Âáó ãõÍóãøóÏò åõãú ÎóæóÇÕøõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó Âáó ãõÍóãøóÏò åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. áóßöäú åóáú ÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/61 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÊóì ãóÓúÌöÏó ÞõÈóÇÁó ßõáøó ÓóÈúÊò) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: (ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÃúÊöí ãóÓúÌöÏó ÞõÈóÇÁò ßõáøó ÓóÈúÊò ãóÇÔöíðÇ æóÑóÇßöÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÝúÚóáõåõ) . æóÌóÇÁó Ðóáößó Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ (ÈóÇÈõ ãóÓúÌöÏö ÞõÈóÇÁó) ¡ 2/60 - 61 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 2/1017 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö) ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ãóÓúÌöÏö ÞõÈóÇÁó. . .)
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) åõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ó¡ È: ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóãóÇáößò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(6) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " ÈöáóÝúÙö: " Âáõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ßõáøõ ÊóÞöíøò "¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ØÓ (ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö) ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò " æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö "¡ " ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ ".
(7) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/75)
ÈóíúÊöåö (1) ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ åõãóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõäøó áóÓúäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö. æóíõÑúæóì åóÐóÇ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó. \ 5 (2) . æóÇáËøóÇäöí: - åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ - Ãóäøó ÃóÒúæóÇÌóåõ ãöäú Âáöåö. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ Úóáøóãóåõãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóíúåö: " «Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö» " (3) . æóáöÃóäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãöäú Âáöåö æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÉó áõæØò ãöäú Âáöåö æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ãöäú Âáöåö æóÃóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¿ . æóáöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõäøó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöÐößúÑö Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÚúäðì. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÊúÞöíóÇÁõ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö Ýóåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ. ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Âáó Èóäöí ÝõáóÇäò (4) áóíúÓõæÇ áöí ÈöÃóæúáöíóÇÁó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøöíó Çááøóåõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó» (5) . ÝóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁóåõ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó: " «Åöäøó ÃóæúáöíóÇÆöíó ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäõæÇ æóÃóíúäó ßóÇäõæÇ» " (6) .
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(1) ã: ãöäú Âáöåö.
(2) ä: Èúäö ÈóÇÞóãó¡ Ó: Èúäö ÈóÇÑóÞóãó¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/24
(4) ã: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Âáó ÃóÈöí ÝõáóÇäò.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8 - 6 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ íóÈõáøõ ÇáÑøóÍöãõ ÈöÈöáóÇåóÇ) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Ãóäøó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌöåóÇÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÓöÑøò íóÞõæáõ: " Åöäøó Âáó ÃóÈöí - ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑñæ (æóåõæó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò) : æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑó (ÇáøóÐöí Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò) ÈöÈóíóÇÖò - áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÃóæúáöíóÇÆöí¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóáöíøöíó Çááøóåõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/197 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãõÞóÇØóÚóÉö ÛóíúÑöåöãú. . .) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ ((Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)) 4/203
(6) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ áóßöäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/235 æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö ÎóÑóÌó ãóÚóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõæÕöíåö¡ æóãõÚóÇÐñ ÑóÇßöÈñ¡ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóãúÔöí ÊóÍúÊó ÑóÇÍöáóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ Åöäøóßó ÚóÓóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóáúÞóÇäöí ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÇãöí åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú áóÚóáøóßó Ãóäú ÊóãõÑøó ÈöãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ Ãóæú ÞóÈúÑöí " ÝóÈóßóì ãõÚóÇÐñ ÌóÔóÚðÇ áöÝöÑóÇÞö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ëõãøó ÇáúÊóÝóÊó ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó ÈöæóÌúåöåö äóÍúæó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: " Åöäøó Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Èöí ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó ãóäú ßóÇäõæÇ æóÍóíúËõ ßóÇäõæÇ "¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 2/181 - 182 æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí " ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " æóÇáúÌóÔöÚõ ÇáúÌóÒöÚõ áöÝöÑóÇÞö ÇáúÅöáúÝö ".(7/76)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäú ÊóÙóÇåóÑóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 4] . æóÝöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøóì ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÅöÎúæóÇäöí "¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóæóáóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó¿ ÞóÇáó: " Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ æóÅöÎúæóÇäöí (1) Þóæúãñ íóÃúÊõæäó (2) ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí íõÄúãöäõæäó Èöí æóáóãú íóÑóæúäöí» (3) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÅöÎúæóÇäöí¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí. .¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ä: Þóæúãñ ÂÎóÑöíäó íóÃúÊõæäó.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/218 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÅöØóÇáóÉö ÇáúÛõÑøóÉö æóÇáÊøóÍúÌöíáö Ýöí ÇáúæõÖõæÁö. æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÊóì ÇáúãóÞúÈóÑóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÏóÇÑó Þóæúãò ãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÅöäøóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Èößõãú áóÇÍöÞõæäó¡ æóÏöÏúÊõ ÃóäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóäóÇ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóæóáóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ æóÅöÎúæóÇäõäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóÃúÊõæÇ ÈóÚúÏõ. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ãóäú áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈóÚúÏõ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó áóæú Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ áóåõ Îóíúáñ ÛõÑøñ ãõÍóÌøóáóÉñ Èóíúäó ÙóåúÑóíú Îóíúáò Ïõåúãò Èõåúãò¡ ÃóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Îóíúáóåõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÃúÊõæäó ÛõÑøðÇ ãõÍóÌøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÝóÑóØõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóæúÖö¡ ÃóáóÇ áóíõÐóÇÏóäøó Úóäú ÍóæúÖöí ßóãóÇ íõÐóÇÏõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ ÇáÖøóÇáøõ. ÃõäóÇÏöíåöãú: ÃóáóÇ åóáõãøó¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÈóÏøóáõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóßó¡ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ: ÓõÍúÞðÇ ÓõÍúÞðÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 1/79 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1439 - 1440 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÐößúÑö ÇáúÍóæúÖö) ¡ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 1/28 - 29 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö. Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 15/152¡ 18/56 - 57 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 6/107 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.(7/77)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõãú ÞóÑóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇáØøöíäöíøóÉö (1) ¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÈõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞõáõæÈö æóÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÈö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇäö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÞóÇÑöÈõåõ ÝóÝöíåöãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÑøõ æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝóÇÖöáðÇ (2) ãöäúåõãú ßóÚóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÝóÊóÝúÖöíáõåõãú (3) ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ áóÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ ÝóÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäú Âáöåö¡ æóÅöäú Õóáøóì Úóáóì Âáöåö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áóåõ (4) áóãú íóÞúÊóÖö (5) Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÃóæúáöíóÇÆöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íõÕóáøö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÃóæúáöíóÇÆöåö¡ æóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÚóåõ ÊóÈóÚðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ ÞóÏú íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÃóãúÑò¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö. æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÃóÒúæóÇÌóåõ åõãú ãöãøóäú íõÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú (6) ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßõáøöåöãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ÃóÝúÖóáõ (7) ãöäúåõäøó ßõáøöåöäøó.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉö.
(2) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÝóÇÖöáðÇ.
(3) ä: ÝóíõÝóÖøöáõåõãú¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÝóÖøóáóåõãú.
(4) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ó: áóãú íóäúÞõÕú.
(6) ä¡ Ó: ÞóÏú¡ È: æóÞóÏú.
(7) ä: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö. .¡ Ó: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó åõãú ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö. .(7/78)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóåóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö æóÅöÐúåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ áóßöäøó ÏõÚóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõãú (1) ÈöÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÏõÚóÇÁóåõ ãõÓúÊóÌóÇÈñ (2) . Þöíáó: ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãöäú ËõÈõæÊö (3) ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö æóÅöÐúåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÏõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÐóÇßó ãóÞóÇãñ ÂÎóÑõ. Ëõãøó äóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáËøóÇäöí: åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó Ïóáøó Úóáóì ØóåóÇÑóÊöåöãú æóÅöÐúåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö Úóäúåõãú (4) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÌóÇÈó (5) áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞó (6) ãóÚóåõ ØóåóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÏúÚõæøö áóåõãú æóÅöÐúåóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓö Úóäúåõãú¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö. æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõÑöÏú ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö ÃóÒúæóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúÏõÑó ãöäú æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåõäøó ÎóØóÃñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóØóÃó ãóÛúÝõæÑñ áóåõäøó æóáöÛóíúÑöåöäøó¡ æóÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúÂíóÉö íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó - ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúÎõÈúËõ ßóÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö - æóíõØóåøöÑóåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö. æóÇáÊøóØúåöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö Úóáóì æóÌúåóíúäö: ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóËöíóÇÈóßó ÝóØóåøöÑú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö: 4] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Åöäøóåõãú ÃõäóÇÓñ íóÊóØóåøóÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 82] ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó
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(1) áóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ãõÌóÇÈñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÈöËõÈõæÊö.
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÚóáóì ÐóåóÇÈö ÑöÌúÓöåöãú.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõÌóÇÈó.
(6) Ó¡ È: íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ.(7/79)
ÝöíåóÇ: {ãóäú íóÃúÊö ãöäúßõäøó ÈöÝóÇÍöÔóÉò ãõÈóíøöäóÉò íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÖöÚúÝóíúäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 30] æóÇáÊøóØúåöíÑõ Úóäö ÇáÐøóäúÈö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáóåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóÊõæÈó ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÎõÐú ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð ÊõØóåøöÑõåõãú æóÊõÒóßøöíåöãú ÈöåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 103]
[áóßöäú] (1) ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉð ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ äóåúíóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉö¡ áóÇ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÇáúÅöÐúäó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÍóÇáò¡ áóßöäú åõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóäúåóì ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóÊõæÈó ãöäúåóÇ. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: «Çááøóåõãøó ÈóÇÚöÏú Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÎóØóÇíóÇíó (2) ßóãóÇ ÈóÇÚóÏúÊó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóÇÛúÓöáúäöí ÈöÇáËøóáúÌö æóÇáúÈóÑóÏö æóÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏö¡ Çááøóåõãøó äóÞøöäöí ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÇíóÇ ßóãóÇ íõäóÞøóì ÇáËøóæúÈõ ÇáúÃóÈúíóÖõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóäóÓö» (3) . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúßö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÊóåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÇÈó Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: «íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ¡ Åöäú ßõäúÊö ÈóÑöíÆóÉð ÝóÓóíõÈóÑøöÆõßö Çááøóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊö ÃóáúãóãúÊö [ÈöÐóäúÈò] (4)
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(1) áóßöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ã: ÎóØóÇíó.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö -¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/145 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/419 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Èóíúäó ÊóßúÈöíÑö ÇáúÅöÍúÑóÇãö æóÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/288 - 289 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóßúÊóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÝúÊöÊóÇÍö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 1/45 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ÈöÇáËøóáúÌö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(4) ÈöÐóäúÈò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/80)
ÝóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑöí Çááøóåó æóÊõæÈöí Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÈöÐóäúÈöåö Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈó ÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö» (1) . æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÝúÙõ " ÇáÑøöÌúÓö " ÃóÕúáõåõ ÇáúÞóÐóÑõ¡ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÔøöÑúßõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúËóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 30] . æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóÈóÇÆöËõ ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÉõ ßóÇáúãóØúÚõæãóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÔúÑõæÈóÇÊö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ Ýöí ãóÇ ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíøó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ Úóáóì ØóÇÚöãò íóØúÚóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóíúÊóÉð Ãóæú ÏóãðÇ ãóÓúÝõæÍðÇ Ãóæú áóÍúãó ÎöäúÒöíÑò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÑöÌúÓñ Ãóæú ÝöÓúÞðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 145] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑõ æóÇáúãóíúÓöÑõ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÈõ æóÇáúÃóÒúáóÇãõ ÑöÌúÓñ ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 90] æóÅöÐúåóÇÈõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐúåóÇÈñ áößõáøöåö. æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÐúåóÈó Úóäú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøöÑúßó æóÇáúÎóÈóÇÆöËó. æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáÑøöÌúÓö " ÚóÇãøñ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó Çááøóåó [íõÑöíÏõ] Ãóäú (2) íõÐúåöÈó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÏóÚóÇ ÈöÐóáößó. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóØóåøöÑúåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ " Ýóåõæó ÓõÄóÇáñ ãõØúáóÞñ ÈöãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ØóåóÇÑóÉð. æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ ÝóíóßúÊóÝöí Ýöíåö (3) ÈöÝóÑúÏò ãöäú ÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ íóÇÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 2] æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãúÑñ ÈöãõÓóãøóì (4) ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÃóßúÑöãú åóÐóÇ ; Ãóíö: ÇÝúÚóáú ãóÚóåõ ãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÅößúÑóÇãðÇ. æóßóÐóáößó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÝúßö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/33
(2) íõÑöíÏõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóíóäúÊóÝöí (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) Ýöíåö.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íõÓóãøóì.(7/81)
ãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ. æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ãõÚúÊóÈöÑðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉò æóÊóÑóßó Ðóáößó Ýöí äóÙöíÑöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: åõæó ØóÇåöÑñ¡ Ãóæú ãõÊóØóåøöÑñ¡ Ãóæú ãõØóåøóÑñ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ãõÊóäóÌøöÓðÇ ÈöäóÙöíÑöåö. æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáØøóÇåöÑö " ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáØøóíøöÈö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊõ áöáØøóíøöÈöíäó æóÇáØøóíøöÈõæäó áöáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 26] ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÇáúÎóÈöíËóÇÊõ áöáúÎóÈöíËöíäó æóÇáúÎóÈöíËõæäó áöáúÎóÈöíËóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 26] æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚóãøóÇÑò: «ÇÆúÐóäõæÇ áóåõ ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúãõØóíøóÈö» (1) . æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóáóÝúÙö " ÇáúãõÊøóÞöí " æóáóÝúÙö " ÇáúãõÒóßøöí ". ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó ãóäú ÒóßøóÇåóÇ - æóÞóÏú ÎóÇÈó ãóäú ÏóÓøóÇåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö: 9 - 10] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÎõÐú ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð ÊõØóåøöÑõåõãú æóÊõÒóßøöíåöãú ÈöåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 103] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó ãóäú ÊóÒóßøóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì: 104] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæúáóÇ ÝóÖúáõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúßõãú æóÑóÍúãóÊõåõ ãóÇ ÒóßóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÃóÈóÏðÇ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íõÒóßøöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 21] . æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó æóäóÍúæöåöãú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÞóÚó ãöäúåõãú ÐóäúÈñ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÐøõäõæÈö. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãõÊøóÞò¡ Èóáú ãóäú ÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÐõäõæÈöåö ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó (2) ¡ æóãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõ ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ (3) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ÊóÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ßóÈóÇÆöÑó ãóÇ Êõäúåóæúäó Úóäúåõ äõßóÝøöÑú Úóäúßõãú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊößõãú æóäõÏúÎöáúßõãú ãõÏúÎóáðÇ ßóÑöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 31] .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/52 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÖúáõ ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö¡ 3/188 æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: " ÕóÍöíÍñ "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ãõÕóäøóÝö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó 12/118 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö.
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/82)
ÝóÏõÚóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÃóäú íõØóåøöÑóåõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ¡ ßóÏõÚóÇÆöåö ÈöÃóäú íõÒóßøöíóåõãú æóíõØóíøöÈóåõãú æóíóÌúÚóáóåõãú ãõÊøóÞöíäó æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÃóãúÑõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÏóÚóÇ ÈöåóÇ ÈöÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇ Èöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: «Çááøóåõãøó ØóåøöÑúäöí ãöäú ÎóØóÇíóÇíó (1) ÈöÇáËøóáúÌö æóÇáúÈóÑóÏö æóÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏö» . Ýóãóäú æóÞóÚó ÐóäúÈõåõ ãóÛúÝõæÑðÇ Ãóæú ãõßóÝøóÑðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ØóåøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ãóäú ãóÇÊó (2) ãõÊóæóÓøöÎðÇ ÈöÐõäõæÈöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõØóåøóÑú ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö. æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ÊóØúåöíÑöåöãú ÕöíóÇäóÊõåõãú Úóäö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóæúÓóÇÎõ ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÈöÏõÚóÇÁò ÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇÓúÊöÚúÏóÇÏö ÇáúãóÍóáøö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö (3) ¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ãóäú áóÇ íõæÌóÏó ãõÄúãöäñ ãõÐúäöÈñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó æóÇÞöÚðÇ áóãóÇ ÚõÐøöÈó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ Èóáú íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áöåóÐóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ÇáúãóÇÍöíóÉö¡ æóíóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áöåóÐóÇ ÐõäõæÈðÇ (4) ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ æóÅöäøó æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÈöÃõÎúÑóì. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáÊøóØúåöíÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÏóÚóÇ Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúÅöãóÇãö. ÝóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ (5) Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúÅöãóÇãö Úóäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö æóÈóäóÇÊöåö æóÛóíúÑöåöäøó ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö
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(1) ã: ÎóØóÇíó.
(2) Ó¡ ÊóÇÈó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) È: æóáöáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö.
(4) ã: æóíóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõãú ÐõäõæÈðÇ.
(5) Ó: ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.(7/83)
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑõ ÇáúãóÏúÚõæøõ Èöåö (1) áöáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò ãõÊóÖóãøöäðÇ áöáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú (2) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ (3) ÈöåóÐöåö (4) ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö: áóÇ áöÚóáöíøò (5) æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÏóÚóÇ ÈöÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö áöÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò ãõÔúÊóÑößöíäó áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó (6) ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÈöÏóÚúæóÉò. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú æóÈöÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøóÉó - ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö (7) æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö - ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉò áöáÑøóÈøö¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ (8) Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ãõØöíÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÚóÇÕöíðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóØóåøöÑò¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæó áöÃóÍóÏò ÈöÃóäú íóÌúÚóáóåõ ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áöáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÊóÇÑößðÇ áöáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÞõÏúÑóÉñ ÊóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáÔøóÑøö¡ ßóÇáÓøóíúÝö ÇáøóÐöí íóÕúáõÍõ áöÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑö¡ æóÇáúãóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí íõãúßöäõ ÅöäúÝóÇÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö: ÅöãøóÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑó æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÑøó ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáõ íõÈúØöáõ ÍõÌøóÊóåõãú. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõãú (9) ÈöÇáÊøóØúåöíÑö. ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõãú æóáóÇ íõÄóÇÎöÐõåõãú.
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(1) ã: ÇáúãõØóåøóÑõ ÇáúãóÏúÚõæøõ áóåõ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÚöäúÏóåõãú.
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) È: ÈöåóÐóÇ.
(5) ã: ÅöáøóÇ áöÚóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ãõÔúÑößöíäó áóãú íóÎõÕøó.
(7) ã: ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÇÊö.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ.
(9) áóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/84)
ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö ãöäú ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö (1) . ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó áóåõãú Ýöíåö ÈöÍóÇáò [Úóáóì] (2) ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö. æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ - ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö - áóíúÓóÊú ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõãú áöáøóåö¡ æóáóÇ (3) íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áöØóÇÚóÉò æóáóÇ ÊóÇÑößðÇ áöãóÚúÕöíóÉò¡ áóÇ áöäóÈöíøò æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ãóäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇÔó íõØöíÚõåõ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö äóÝúÓöåö áóÇ ÈöÅöÚóÇäóÉö Çááøóåö æóåöÏóÇíóÊöåö (4) . æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó Þóæúáöåöãú Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó ËõÈõæÊõ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ æóáóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ (5) Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÊóÈúØõáõ ÍõÌøóÊõåõãú Èößõáøö ØóÑöíÞò. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ (6) ¡ æóÞóÏú (7) ËóÈóÊó äóÝúíõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓö Úóäúåõ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ". ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ¡ Èóáú äóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö [ÚöáúãðÇ ãõÊóíóÞøöäðÇ] (8) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ ÞóØøõ ÍóÊøóì ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÅöäú (9)
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö.
(2) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) .
(3) ã: ÝóáóÇ.
(4) ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäú. . . áóÇ ÈöÅöÚóÇäóÉö Çááøóåö æóåöÏóÇíóÊöåö¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö äóÞúÕñ æóÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõØöíÚðÇ áöáøóåö ÈöÅöÚóÇäóÉö Çááøóåö æóåöÏóÇíóÊöåö Èóáú ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö äóÝúÓöåö.
(5) È (ÝóÞóØú) : æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ã: ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÞóÏú.
(8) ÚöáúãðÇ ãõÊóíóÞøöäðÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(9) ã: ÝóÅöäú.(7/85)
ßóÇäó ÞóÏú (1) íóãöíáõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö Åöáóì Ãóäú íõæóáøóì¡ áóßöäú ãóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóáóÇ: Åöäøóì ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ æóáóÇ: Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (2) ÌóÚóáóäöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöí¡ æóáóÇ äóÍúæó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö. Èóáú äóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ãóäú äóÞóáó åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö. æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÏøóÚöíó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÚúáóãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ. æóÃóãøóÇ äóÞúáõ ÇáäøóÇÞöáö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " áóÞóÏú ÊóÞóãøóÕóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóÍóáøöí ãöäúåóÇ ãóÍóáøó ÇáúÞõØúÈö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍóì ". ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÃóæøóáðÇ: Ãóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö (3) ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóäúÞõáõåõ ËöÞóÉñ Úóäú ËöÞóÉò ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ Åöáóíúåö¿ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÞóØøõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö " æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÎõØóÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ãõÊóÞóÏøöãò¡ æóáóÇ áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåóÇ ãöäú Ãóíúäó äóÞóáóåóÇ¿ . æóáóßöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØóÈó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóæöíøñ Ãóæú ÚóÈøóÇÓöíøñ¡ æóáóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÓóáóÝöåö ÇÏøóÚóì Ðóáößó ÞóØøõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì Ðóáößó áóåõ¡ ÝóíõÚúáóãõ ßóÐöÈõåõ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÓóÈó íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúáöåö ÍóÊøóì íóÊøóÕöáó ÈöÝóÑúÚöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ËóÇÈöÊóÉð ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉð Úóãøóäú äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÊøóÕöáó ÈöäóÇ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó æóÇÍöÏñ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ÎõØóÈðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò
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(1) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ó: Åöäøó ÇáÑóÓõæáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ È: Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) Ó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáäøóÞúáõ.(7/86)
æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Êöáúßó ÇáúÎõØóÈó ÞóÈúáóåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÐöÈñ. æóÝöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØóÈö ÃõãõæÑñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ (1) íóÞöíäðÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõåóÇ. æóäóÍúäõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö áóíúÓó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ Èóáú íóßúÝöíäóÇ ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõæÌöÈú Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ãóäú íõÕóÏøöÞõæÇ ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú Ïóáöíáñ (2) Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÊóßúáöíÝö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÊóßúáöíÝö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ãóäú íõËúÈöÊó ÇÏøöÚóÇÁó Úóáöíøò áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÈöãöËúáö ÍößóÇíóÉò (3) ÐõßöÑóÊú Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ; áóãøóÇ ßóËõÑó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó (4) Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÕóÇÑó áóåõãú ÏóæúáóÉñ ÊóÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõãú (5) ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó¡ ÓóæóÇÁð ßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞðÇ Ãóæú ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóäú íõØóÇáöÈõåõãú ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚõãúÏóÊõäóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÝöíãóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. Ëõãøó äóÞõæáõ (6) : åóÈú Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó (7) : Åöäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Åöäøöí ÅöãóÇãñ [ãóÚúÕõæãñ] (8) ãóäúÕõæÕñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáöãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöí. áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ æóÃóÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ (9) íóßõæäõ ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ÊóÚóãøóÏó Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóáóßöäú íóßõæäõ ãõÊóßóáøöãðÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ íõÕöíÈõ æóíõÎúØöÆõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÞóÏú Úõáöãó.
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú Èöåö Ïóáöíáñ¡ È: ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú áóåõ Ïóáöíáñ. . .
(3) ã: ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö.
(4) Ó¡ È: ÇáúßóÇÐöÈõæäó.
(5) ã: Úóäúåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã: Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ.
(7) ä¡ ã: Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊõãú.
(8) ãóÚúÕõæãñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(9) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóÇ.(7/87)
æóäóÝúíõ (1) ÇáÑøöÌúÓö áóÇ [íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú] íóßõæäó (2) ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõÑöÏú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ãóäú íõÐúåöÈó Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóØóÃó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Úóáóíúåö ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ ãóÛúÝõæÑñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõ æõÌõæÏõåõ. æóÃóíúÖðÇ [ÝóÇáúÎóØóÃõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ] (3) Ýöíåö Úõãõæãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓö. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ãöäú Ãóäú íõÞöÑøó Úóáóì ÎóØóÃò ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóåõãú íóÎõÕøõæäó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöÐúåóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓö ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÑóßó Ýöíåö Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏó ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóÚóãøóÏõæÇ áöáúßóÐöÈö. áóßöäú áóæú Þöíáó áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö: ÃóäúÊó áóãú ÊóÐúßõÑú ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÐúßõÑú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÏóáöíáðÇ áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäú ÅöÐúåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö ÅöÐúåóÇÈõ ÇáúßöÐúÈóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ (4) ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöÌúÓó ÐóÇåöÈñ¡ Ýóåõæó Ýöíãóäú (5) íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöÐúåóÇÈö (6) ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó æóÇáúÎóØóÃó ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌúÓö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó. æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ áóæú ÕóÍøó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúåõ áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊò áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÃóíúäó ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¿ æóåóáú íóÏøóÚöí åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÎöÒúíö æóÇáäøóÏóÇãóÉö¿ .
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(1) È: æóÈöäóÝúíö.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóÇ íóßõæäó. . .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ó¡ È: Åöäú.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýóåõæó Öóãöäó Ãóäú.
(6) ã: ÐóåóÇÈö.(7/88)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÏÓ " Ýöí ÈõíõæÊò ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó æóíõÐúßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ýöí (2) Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýöí ÈõíõæÊò ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó æóíõÐúßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ íõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÛõÏõæøö æóÇáúÂÕóÇáö ÑöÌóÇáñ} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {íóÎóÇÝõæäó íóæúãðÇ ÊóÊóÞóáøóÈõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ æóÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 36 - 37] (3) ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò (4) æóÈõÑóíúÏóÉó ÞóÇáóÇ: «ÞóÑóÃó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíøõ ÈõíõæÊò åóÐöåö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÈõíõæÊõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ". ÝóÞóÇãó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ãöäúåóÇ¿ íóÚúäöí ÈóíúÊó Úóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó (5) . ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáöåóÇ» (6) ¡ æóÕõÝøó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåöãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ (7) åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÒöãó ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö (8) ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÚóÒúæö Ðóáößó
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 152 (ã) .
(2) Ýöí: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(3) ß: ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøó ÊõÑúÝóÚó¡ ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(4) ß: ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò.
(5) ß: æóÝóÇØöãóÉó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: ãöäú ÃóÝóÇÖöáöåóÇ.
(7) ß: Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/89)
Åöáóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÎóÈóÑò ÑóæóÇåõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ Èóáú ÚõáóãóÇÁõ (1) ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó Èöåö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö Íõßúãò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó ËõÈõæÊõåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞò (2) ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöäøóÇ äóÍúÊóÌøõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúæöíåóÇ [æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó] ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÍúßõãõ Úóáóíúßõãú Èöãóäú íóÔúåóÏõ (4) Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ Ýóåóáú íóÞõæáõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÔóåöÏó (5) ãöäúåõãú Ýóåõæó ÚóÏúáñ¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó (6) ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãú: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú Ñóæóì ãöäúåõãú (7) ÍóÏöíËðÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ. Ëõãøó (8) ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøó æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ íóÑúæõæäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝó¡ æóãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó Ðóáößó. æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö (9) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÇØöÈõ áóíúáò íóÑúæöí ãóÇ æóÌóÏó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Ãóæú ÓóÞöíãðÇ. ÝóÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöÈõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöíåö ÕóÍöíÍóÉð¡ ÝóÝöíåö ãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) ÚõáóãóÇÁõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) .
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÈöØóÑöíÞóÉò¡ È: ÈöØóÑöíÞöåö.
(3) ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúæöíåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) : ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúæöíåóÇ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ.
(4) ä: ÈöãóÇ ÔóåöÏó¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ.
(5) ã: íóÔúåóÏõ.
(6) ã: æóÞóÇáó.
(7) ã: ßõáøó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäúåõãú.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ãóãú.
(9) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/247.(7/90)
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ - æóßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó -[ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó] (1) æóÇáäøõÍóÇÉö æóÞóÕóÕö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ äóÞóáóåóÇ ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ ãöäó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ¡ Èóáú íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ãöäúåóÇ æóíóÚúÒõæåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÕóäøöÝõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÔóÑúÍõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉó " æóßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍõ " æóÐóßóÑó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÙúåóÑõ áöÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ ßóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (2) . ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ßóÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáÓøõäóäö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (3) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐöåö (4) ãóÇ åõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Èóáú ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ Þóáöíáñ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ (5) æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ßóÐöÈðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑõæåõ Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö åöíó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö (6) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó:
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 1/457
(3) ã: æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö
(4) Ó¡ È: åóÐóÇ.
(5) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(6) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÂíóÉö 36 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøõæÑö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö æóÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò æóÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓöíÑö¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÝóÎúÑö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö 24/3(7/91)
: {Ýöí ÈõíõæÊò ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó æóíõÐúßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ íõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÛõÏõæøö æóÇáúÂÕóÇáö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 36] æóÈóíúÊõ Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö (1) áóíúÓó ãóæúÕõæÝðÇ (2) ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÈóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÏúÎõáú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö ÑöÌóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ýöíåö åõæó æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉõ ãöäú äöÓóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈóíúÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ ÈõíõæÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 53] æóÞóÇáó: {æóÇÐúßõÑúäó ãóÇ íõÊúáóì Ýöí ÈõíõæÊößõäøó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 34] . ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " åöíó ÈõíõæÊõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö " ßóÐöÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóßõäú áöÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝöíåóÇ äóÕöíÈñ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {íõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÛõÏõæøö æóÇáúÂÕóÇáö ÑöÌóÇáñ áóÇ Êõáúåöíåöãú ÊöÌóÇÑóÉñ æóáóÇ ÈóíúÚñ Úóäú ÐößúÑö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 36 - 37] ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áößõáøö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {Ýöí ÈõíõæÊò ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó} äóßöÑóÉñ ãóæúÕõæÝóÉñ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÚúíöíäñ (3) . æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÝóÚó æóíõÐúßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ} : Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ãöäó ÇáÐøößúÑö Ýöí ÇáúÈõíõæÊö (4) æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈõíõæÊõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝöíäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈõíõæÊõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
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(1) æóÛóíúÑöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ¡ æóÝöí (Ó) Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö. æóÝöí (ä) : ËóÈóÊó Úóáöíøñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ.
(3) Ó¡ È: áóíúÓó ÊóÛúíöíÑñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ Ó: ãöäó ÇáÐøößúÑö ãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÈõíõæÊö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/92)
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáÐøößúÑö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð ÈöÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÈõíõæÊõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÝóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÎõÕõæÕöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåóÇ ÝóÖúáñ ÈöÓõßúäóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÝöíåóÇ. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÈõíõæÊö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãóÇ Óóßóäóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãöäú ÈõíõæÊö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÈõíõæÊõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈóíúÊõ Úóáöíøò. æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ãóÇ ÏóÎóáóåõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú (1) ÏóÎóáó ÈõíõæÊó ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÃóíøõ ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÞõÏøöÑó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ ÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøò ÈöÃóäøóåõ (2) ãöäú ÈõíõæÊö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ Ïõæäó ÈóíúÊö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ¡ ÝóÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ãõÔúÊóÑößõæäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó ãóæúÕõæÝõæäó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ Êõáúåöíåöãú ÊöÌóÇÑóÉñ æóáóÇ ÈóíúÚñ Úóäú ÐößúÑö Çááøóåö¡ áóíúÓó (3) Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÐößúÑõ ãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÇáËøóäóÇÁõ Úóáóíúåöãú (4) ¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó (5) ßõáøõ ãóäú ÃõËúäöíó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú æõÚöÏó (6) ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö íóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóáúÒóãú (7) Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.
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(1) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ã: ÊóÎúÕöíÕõåõ ÈöÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøò ÈöÃóäøóåõ. . .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóáóíúÓó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Ó¡ È: æóÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãú.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóáóíúÓó.
(6) ä: æóÃõæúÚöÏó ; Ó: Ó: æóÃóæúÚóÏóåõ¡ È: æóæóÚóÏóåõ.
(7) Ó: áóãú íóáúÒóãú¡ È: ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ.(7/93)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÈú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ áóßöäú áöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöÚóáöíøò¿ Èóáú ßõáøõ (1) ãóäú ßóÇäóÊú áóÇ Êõáúåöíåö ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉõ æóÇáúÈóíúÚõ Úóäú ÐößúÑö Çááøóåö æóÅöÞóÇãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÅöíÊóÇÁö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóíóÎóÇÝõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö. Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó (2) : Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¿ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÂíóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÑöÌóÇáñ áóíúÓõæÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ Èóáú åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãõÔúÊóÑößõæäó ÝöíåóÇ. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔóÇÑößöíäó áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Óõáøöãó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó Ðóáößó íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¿ . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÅöÐóÇ Óõáøöãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí (3) ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõäóÇÓöÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú ÝõÖøöáó Ýöí ÎóÕúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ. æóáóæú ÌóÇÒó åóÐóÇ áóÞöíáó: ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú ÞóÊóáó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó ÕóáóÇÉð æóÕöíóÇãðÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ (4) æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ÃõæÐöíó Ýöí Çááøóåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÓóäøõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò (5) ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøò. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (6) áóåõ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (7) ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íóßõæäõ áóåõ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò
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(1) ßõáøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ã: ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊó.
(3) ã: ãöäú.
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ¡ (Ó)
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (È) ¡ (Ó)
(6) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó)
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó)(7/94)
ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí íóãúÊóÇÒõ ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö ÈöÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÈÚ " Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 23] Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú: {Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóäú ÞóÑóÇÈóÊõßó ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÌóÈóÊú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: " Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ [æóÇÈúäóÇåõãóÇ] » (2) . æóßóÐóÇ (3) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ æóäóÍúæöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö. æóÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò (4) ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ (5) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáöíøñ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊóåõ ÊõäóÇÝöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó¡ æóÈöÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóæóÇãöÑöåö Êóßõæäõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ (6) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö " (7) . æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ (8) ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóæúáõåõ:
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 152 (ã) 153 (ã) .
(2) æóÇÈúäóÇåõãóÇ: Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ó)
(3) È: æóßóÐóáößó.
(4) ß: Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(5) ß: ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ.
(6) ß: æóÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóæóÇãöÑöåö íóßõæäõ ãóæóÏøõÉõ.
(7) Ó: ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
(8) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/95)
" Åöäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö " ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó [åóÐóÇ] (1) ãõÓúäóÏõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ Èöåö (2) ãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ. æóÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ßóÐöÈðÇ Þóæúáõåõ: Åöäøó äóÍúæó (3) åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ Èóáú ÝöíåöãóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ÌõåøóÇáñ ÈößõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóÇ íõØóÇáöÚõæäóåóÇ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÌóãóÚó áóåõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ (4) Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöäú ßõÊõÈò ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò¡ ãóÚúÒõæøóÉñ ÊóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (5) æóÇáúãõæóÝøóÞö ÎóØöíÈö ÎóæóÇÑöÒúãó æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóÓóãøóÇåõ " ÇáØøóÑóÇÆöÝõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ". æóÂÎóÑõ ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóåõãú ÓóãøóÇåõ " ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉõ " æóÇÓúãõ ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÈöØúÑöíÞö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæõæäóåõ¡ Ýóåõãõ ÃóãúËóáõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäøóÝó áóåõãú æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÑúæõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúÒõæøö ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÒóÇåõ ÃõæáóÆößó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ¡ íóÚúÒõæäó Åöáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÃóÕúáðÇ. áóßöäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò [æóÛóíúÑöåöãú] (6) ¡ æóÞóÏú íóÑúæöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö. æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ
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(1) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(2) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) äóÍúæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ¡ (Ó)
(4) ã: ÌóãóÚó áóåõãú ßöÊóÇÈñ ; È¡ Ó: ÌóãóÚó áóåõãú ßõÊõÈðÇ
(5) È: ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöíøö.
(6) æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ó)(7/96)
ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ Èóáú íóÑúæöí ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÔóÑúØõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúæöíó Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÔóÑúØõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ãöËúáõ ÔóÑúØö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÝóíóÑúæöí (1) ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Ãóæú ÖóÚöíÝðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúæöí Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÚöäúÏóåõ. Ëõãøó ÒóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò. æóÝöí ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ [ßóÐöÈñ] (2) ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö. æóåóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃñ ÞóÈöíÍñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøõíõæÎó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó ÔõíõæÎõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö¡ æóßõáøõåõãú (3) ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑñ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóåõãú ãöãøóäú íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ áóÇ ãöãøóäú íóÑúæöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäúåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ãõÓúäóÏõ ÃóÍúãóÏó æóßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáÒøõåúÏö " áóåõ¡ æóßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö " æóßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö " æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö¡ íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ. æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãóÚúãóÑò ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò ÇáÊøóãøóÇÑõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö. æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " áóåõ (4) Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóÝöíåö ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö. íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ¡ ãöãøóäú åõæó ãöËúáõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóäú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÊóÑóßó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãõÑöåö ; áóãøóÇ ØóáóÈó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËóåõ æóíõÍóÏøöËó ÇÈúäóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÑóæóì.
(2) ßóÐöÈñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ó)
(3) ä¡ È¡ Ó: ßõáøõåõãú.
(4) áóåõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .(7/97)
æóíõÞöíãó ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÎóÇÝó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÝöÊúäóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áöíóÓúáóãó ãöäú Ðóáößó ; æóáöÃóäøóåõ (1) ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËó ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóäú íóÓúãóÚõæäó ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó íóÝúÑóÍõæäó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäúåõ. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ (2) ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó áóåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóáóãú íóäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÓóÇÆöÑö (3) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇÞúÊóÕóÑõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ (4) ¡ æóßõáøóãóÇ ÒóÇÏó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó Ðóáößó åõæó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó æóØóÈóÞóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÃóäøó ÔõíõæÎó ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ÃóÍúãóÏõ (5) Úóäúåõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõãú (6) áöÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóæóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúæöí Ýöí (7) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ ÕóÇÑõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó áöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö. åóÐóÇ Åöäú áóãú íóÒöíÏõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö ãóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÚöäúÏóåõãú (8) ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúãõæäò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÚúÒõæ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáØøóÑóÇÆöÝö " æóÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉö " ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó íóÚúÒõæåóÇ (9) Åöáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ áóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚöåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ (10)
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(1) ä¡ È¡ Ó: áöÃóäøóåõ.
(2) ã: ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäúåóÇ.
(3) ÓóÇÆöÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ä¡ È¡ Ó: Èóáú ÚóÑóÖó Ðóáößó Úóáóì¡ ã: Èóáú ÚóÒøó ãöäú Ðóáößó Úóáóì¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ. æóáóÚóáøó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ Èöåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
(5) ä¡ Ó: ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú.
(7) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(8) ã: ãöäúåõãú.
(9) íóÚúÒõæåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(10)) È: ÃóÍúãóÏõ.(7/98)
ÞóØøõ. æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ÍóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Êöáúßó ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ¡ æóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍóÉö ÇáúæóÖúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÚóÇáöãò. æóäóÞúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÕóÇÍöÈö ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉõ " æó " ÇáØøóÑóÇÆöÝõ " ÝóãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí äóÞóáó ãöäúåõ (1) Ãóæú Úóãøóäú (2) íóäúÞõáõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóãóäú áóåõ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò íóÓúÊóÍúíöí Ãóäú íóÚúÒõæó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Åöáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÇäö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ äõÓóÎõåõãóÇ ãöáúÄõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóãú íõÑúæó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúæöí ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ãöäú íóÍúØöÈõ ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ ßóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÑúæõæäó ÇáúÛóËøó æóÇáÓøóãöíäó ÈöáóÇ ÊóãúíöíÒò. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúãóÑúÌõæÚõ Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ (3) áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúÌöÚõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ (4) . ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõæÑóì æóåöíó ãóßøöíøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÌóãöíÚõ Âáö Íã ãóßøöíøóÇÊñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Âáö ØÓ. æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æõáöÏó Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ãöäó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÞóÏú äóÒóáóÊú ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÈöÓöäöíäó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÝóÓøöÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ãóæóÏøóÉö ÞóÑóÇÈóÉò áóÇ ÊõÚúÑóÝõ æóáóãú ÊõÎúáóÞú [ÈóÚúÏõ] (5) ¿ ! .
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(1) 1) È: Úóäúåõ.
(2) 2) ã: äóÞóáó.
(3) 3) Ó¡ È: æóáöåóÐóÇ.
(4) 4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(5) ÈóÚúÏõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .(7/99)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó. ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò ÞóÇáó: ÓõÆöáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 23] ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÄúÐõæÇ (1) ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Ýöí ÞóÑóÇÈóÊöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÚóÌöáúÊó¡ Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÈóØúäñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò ÅöáøóÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíåöãú ÞóÑóÇÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ¡ áóßöäú [ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú] Ãóäú ÊóÕöáõæÇ (2) ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉó ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßõãú (3) . ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÊõÑúÌõãóÇäõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò¡ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ ãóæóÏøóÉó Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ áóßöäú ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ: áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóíóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÞõÑóíúÔò Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÕöáõæÇ ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉó ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßõãú¡ Ýóåõæó ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÑúÓöáó Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóæøóáðÇ Ãóäú íóÕöáõæÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÊóÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÊøóì íõÈóáøöÛó ÑöÓóÇáóÉó ÑóÈøöåö (4) .
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(1) ä: ÃóáøóÇ ÊõÄúÐõæÇ¡ ã: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÄúÐõæÇ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: áóßöäú ÊóÕöáõæÇ¡ È: áóßöäú Ãóäú ÊóÕöáõæÇ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/25 - 26
(4) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí (ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓöíÑö) 7/284 - 285: Ëõãøó Ýöí ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö ÈöÞóÑóÇÈóÊöåö ÞóæúáóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóæóáóÏóÇåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóæúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóÞøóÞõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó: " ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáÏøõÑøö) 6/7: ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö ÈöÓóäóÏò ÖóÚöíÝò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: " Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóäú ÞóÑóÇÈóÊõßó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÌóÈóÊú ãóæóÏøóÊõåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóæóáóÏóÇåóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí (ÊóÎúÑöíÌö ÇáúßóÔøóÇÝö) æóÞóÇáó: Ýöí ÓóäóÏöåö ÍõÓóíúäõ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö ÖóÚöíÝñ ÓóÇÞöØñ. ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ ãóÇ åõæó Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåõ ; ÝóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ØóÇæõÓó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò: ÞõÑúÈóì áöÂáö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÚóÌöáúÊó¡ Åöäö ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóßõäú ÈóØúäñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÞóÑóÇÈóÉñ. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.(7/100)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} ¡ áóãú íóÞõáú: ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áöáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì. Ýóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì áóÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ ÃóäøóãóÇ ÛóäöãúÊõãú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÝóÃóäøó áöáøóåö ÎõãõÓóåõ æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 41] æóÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞõÑóì Ýóáöáøóåö æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] . æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÂÊö ÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ÍóÞøóåõ æóÇáúãöÓúßöíäó æóÇÈúäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 38] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÂÊóì ÇáúãóÇáó Úóáóì ÍõÈøöåö Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 177] æóåóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò. ÝóÌóãöíÚõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÕöíóÉö ÈöÍõÞõæÞö Ðóæöí ÞõÑúÈóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÐóæöí ÞõÑúÈóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÅöäøóãóÇ Þöíáó ÝöíåóÇ: Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ áóãú íóÞõáú: [Ýöí] ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì (1) . ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó åõäóÇ ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑó Ïõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãö Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÑöÏú Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃõÑöíÏó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ áóåõãú ; áóÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì. ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö áöÛóíúÑöåö: ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÞõÑúÈóì ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áöÝõáóÇäò æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó áöÝõáóÇäò. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ (2) áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõ Úóáóì
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(1) ä¡ Ó: áóãú íóÞõáö ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ ã: áóãú íóÞõáú áöÐóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ä: ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ¡ ã: ÈöÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö.(7/101)
ÊóÈúáöíÛö ÑöÓóÇáóÉö ÑóÈøöåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó¡ Èóáú ÃóÌúÑõåõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Þõáú ãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöÝöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Õ: 86] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Ãóãú ÊóÓúÃóáõåõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ Ýóåõãú ãöäú ãóÛúÑóãò ãõËúÞóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøõæÑö: 40] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ {Þõáú ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊõßõãú ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò Ýóåõæó áóßõãú Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÓóÈóÃò: 47] . æóáóßöäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó åõäóÇ (1) ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Þõáú ãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐó Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 57] . æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãóÍóÈøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÌöÈóÉñ¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóËúÈõÊú æõÌõæÈõåóÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõãú ÃóÌúÑñ áöáäøóÈöíøö (2) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóäóÇ (3) Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÈöÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ÈöÛóÏöíÑò íõÏúÚóì ÎõãøðÇ Èóíúäó ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: «ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí¡ (4) ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí» (5) ". æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÍóÊøóì íõÍöÈøõæßõãú (6) áöáøóåö æóáöÞóÑóÇÈóÊöí» (7) " Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáó
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(1) ã: åóÐóÇ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÈöíøö.
(3) ã: ÃóãóÑó.
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/240 - 241 æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ((Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)) 4/366 - 367 ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáÏøóÇÑóãöíøö 2/431 - 432 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó) .
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãóäú (Ó) (È) æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/240 - 241 æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ((Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)) 4/366 - 367 ãóÓúäóÏö ÇáÏøóÇÑóãöíøö 2/431 - 432 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó) .
(6) ä¡ Ó: íõÍöÈøõæäóßõãú.
(7) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/317 - 318 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö. . æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö) ¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö (. . Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ãõÛúÖóÈðÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÃóÛúÖóÈóßó¿ " ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÇ áóäóÇ æóáöÞõÑóíúÔò ÅöÐóÇ ÊóáóÇÞóæúÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ÊóáóÇÞóæúÇ ÈöæõÌõæåò ãõÈóÔøöÑóÉò¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóÞõæäóÇ áóÞõæäóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÊøóì ÇÍúãóÑøó æóÌúåõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÞóáúÈó ÑóÌõáò ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÍóÊøóì íõÍöÈøóßõãú áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ãóäú ÂÐóì Úóãøöí ÝóÞóÏú ÂÐóÇäöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ Úóãøõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö Õöäúæõ ÃóÈöíåö ". ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ". æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 3/206¡ 207¡ 210 " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) " 4/165 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/50 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö. . .¡ ÝóÖúáõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö) . æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 6/46 ÍóÏöíËó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóáóßöäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáØøóÑóÝó ÇáúÂÎóÑó ãöäúåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ) .(7/102)
[ãóÍóÈøóÉó] (1) Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ áóåõ íõæóÝøöíåö ÅöíøóÇåõ ÝóÞóÏó ÃóÎúØóÃó ÎóØóÃð ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÃóÌúÑðÇ áóåõ áóãú äõËóÈú Úóáóíúåö äóÍúäõ¡ áöÃóäøóÇ ÃóÚúØóíúäóÇåõ ÃóÌúÑóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ Ýóåóáú íóÞõæáõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¿ ! . ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ãõÚóÑøóÝóÉõ ÈöÇááøóÇãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó áóåõãú: {Þõáú áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ} æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ (2) ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÎõáöÞó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó. ÝóÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈõæäó íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó åóÐöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú. ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÍöãö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóíúäóäóÇ¡ æóßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóÏúáó ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóßõãú (4) ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÊøóÞöíó Çááøóåó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: ÃóäøóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ (5) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ æóãõæóÇáóÇÊõåõ ÈöÏõæäö
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(1) ãóÍóÈøóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó.
(3) È: æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ.
(4) ã: æóÈóíúäóßó.
(5) ã: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/103)
ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö æóãóæóÏøóÊöåö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãõæóÇáóÇÊõåõãú " ÝóãóãúäõæÚñ (1) ¡ Èóáú íóÌöÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõãú æóãõæóÇáóÇÊõåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõåõãú¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÍöÈøõåõ æóÌóÈó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÍöÈøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍõÈøó Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÇáúÈõÛúÖó Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóæúËóÞõ ÚõÑóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. æóßóÐóáößó åõãú ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÌóÈó Çááøóåõ ãõæóÇáóÇÊöåöãú¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÑóÖöíó Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó æóÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó æóÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí åóÐöåö (2) ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãóËóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÊóæóÇÏøöåöãú æóÊóÑóÇÍõãöåöãú æóÊóÚóÇØõÝöåöãú ßóãóËóáö ÇáúÌóÓóÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Åöäö ÇÔúÊóßóì ãöäúåõ ÚõÖúæñ ÊóÏóÇÚóì áóåõ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÌóÓóÏö ÈöÇáúÍõãøóì æóÇáÓøóåóÑö» (3) Ýóåõæó ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóÊóæóÇÏøõæäó æóíóÊóÚóÇØóÝõæäó æóíóÊóÑóÇÍóãõæäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóÇáúÌóÓóÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÅöíãóÇäõåõãú ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÅöíãóÇäõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãóäú ÞõÏöÍó (4) Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäöåöãú Ãóäú íõËúÈöÊó ÅöíãóÇäó Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ (5) ØóÑöíÞò Ïóáøó
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ãõæóÇáóÇÊõåõãú ãóãúäõæÚñ ÝóãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈò Úóäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ÈóÔöíÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1999 - 2000 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÑóÇÍõãö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÊóÚóÇØõÝöåöãú æóÊóæóÇÏøöåöãú) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöíåö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/10 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÍúãóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÊóÑóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÊóÑóÇÍõãöåöãú. . . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ((Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö)) 4/270. æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö " 3/71 (ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 1083
(4) È: íóÞúÏóÍõ.
(5) ã: Ýóßóáøõ.(7/104)
Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäöåöãú ÃóÏóáøõ¡ æóÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáøóÊöí (1) íõÞúÏóÍõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöíåöãú íõÌóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ (2) ßóãóÇ íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóÃóæúáóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåöãú æóíóÊóÚóÕøóÈõ áöÚóáöíøò Ýóåõæó ãõäúÞóØöÚõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ ßóÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÑöíÏõæäó (3) ÅöËúÈóÇÊó äõÈõæøóÉö ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí äõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÞúÏóÍõæäó Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÈöÃóíøö ÔóíúÁò ÚóáöãúÊó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãõÄúãöäñ Ãóæú æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì (4) ¿ . ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÈöÅöÓúáóÇãöåö æóÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö. Þöíáó áóåõ: åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. Èóáö ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÇáÓøóáöíãóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö¡ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó áöÚóáöíøò. æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: " ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÂäö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäö Úóáöíøò ". Þöíáó áóåõ: ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Ïóáøó ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁò ÚóÇãøóÉò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {áóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 18] æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó. æóÃóäúÊó ÊõÎúÑöÌõ [ãöäú Ðóáößó] (5) ÃóßóÇÈöÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ æóÇÍöÏò ÃóÓúåóáõ. æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö¡ Ãóæú äõÒõæáö (6) ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöíåö. Þöíáó: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóÕóÍøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÏóÍúÊó Ýöíåöãú (7) .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáøóÐöí.
(2) ã: Úóäúåõãú.
(3) ã: íóÏøóÚõæäó.
(4) ä: Ãóæú æóáöíøñ áöáøóåö¡ ã: Ãóæú æóáöíøõ Çááøóåö.
(5) ãöäú Ðóáößó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(6) ã: Ãóæú ÅöäúÒóÇáö.
(7) ã: æóÞóÏú ÞóÏóÍó ÝöíåóÇ.(7/105)
æóÞöíáó áóåõ: Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåóÇ (1) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÏóÍúÊó Ýöíåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ÈóØóáó ÇáäøóÞúáõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ÈóØóáó ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ. æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÈöäóÞúáö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Ãóæú ÊóæóÇÊõÑöåöãú. Þöíáó áóåõ: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÃóÍóÏñ. æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊóØúÚóäõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÅöáøóÇ äóÝóÑðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ: ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú (2) ÊóæóÇØóÆõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞóáõæåõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÏóÍó Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ßóíúÝó íõãúßöäõåõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ äóÞúáö äóÝóÑò Þóáöíáò æóåóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " æóÛóíúÑõ Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ " ßóáóÇãñ ÈóÇØöáñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ Èóáú ãóæóÏøóÉõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóæúÌóÈõ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú ãóæóÏøóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ áöÃóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö Úóáóì ãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ßóÇäóÊú ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ Ãóßúãóáó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æõÏøðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 96] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍóÈøöÈõåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóäú Âãóäó æóÚóãöáó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ ÃóÔöÏøóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÑõÍóãóÇÁõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÊóÑóÇåõãú ÑõßøóÚðÇ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäðÇ ÓöíãóÇåõãú Ýöí æõÌõæåöåöãú ãöäú ÃóËóÑö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 29] Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö. æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó: «Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ". Þöíáó (3) : Ýóãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóÈõæåóÇ» (4) .
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(1) ã: ÑóÏøóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÞóÏú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) .
(3) Ó¡ È: ÞóÇáó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/356(7/106)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö: «Èóáú ÃóäúÊó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ æóÎóíúÑõäóÇ æóÃóÍóÈøõäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» - (1) . æóÊóÕúÏöíÞõ Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ãóæóÏøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö» " (2) . ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöãóÍóÈøóÊöåö æóãóæóÏøóÊöåö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäó ãóÇ ÃöÍóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ [ßóãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ] (3) . æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáó ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáó áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊóåõ ÊõäóÇÝöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó¡ æóÇãúÊöËóÇáõ (4) ÃóæóÇãöÑöåö åõæó ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ (5) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúäóì (6) ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ". ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó ÝóÞóÏú æóÌóÈóÊú ãóæóÏøóÉõ Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì ÝóÊóÌöÈõ ØóÇÚóÊõåõãú¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÝóåóÐóÇ (7) ãöËúáõåõ. ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉð áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö Ýöí ÍóÇáö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/518
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) È: æóÈöÇãúÊöËóÇáö.
(5) ã: ÈöãóæóÏøóÊöåö ; È: Êóßõæäõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ
(6) ã: æóãóÚúäóì.
(7) ä¡ ã: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÝóÐóÇßó.(7/107)
ãóäú æóÌóÈóÊú ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõãóÇ ÞóÈúáó ãóÕöíÑöåöãóÇ ÅöãóÇãóíúäö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÊõåõ (1) Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóãú íóßõäú ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ Èóáú ÊóÌöÈõ æóÅöäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ Åöáóì ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóáúÒõæãó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ [æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö] (2) íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇááøóÇÒöãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ. ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò áóÇ íóæóÏøõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ (3) ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ãóæóÏøóÉõ ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉð: áóÇ ÔöíÚóÉó Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÊõäóÇÝöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó ". íõÞóÇáõ: ãóÊóì¿ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö Ãóæú ãõØúáóÞðÇ¿ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóßóÇäó (4) ãóäú ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íõæÌöÈúåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö Åöäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍöÈøðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄúãöäñ (5) ãõÍöÈøðÇ áöãõÄúãöäò ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÊóÞöÏó æõÌõæÈó ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ (6) : ÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÞóÇÏöÍóÉð Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó ÃóæøóáðÇ æõÌõæÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ÞóÇÏöÍóÉð Ýöí ãóæóÏøóÊöåö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó (7) æõÌõæÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: ÃóÍóÏñ.
(4) ã: ßóÇäó.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãõÄúãöäðÇ.
(6) ä¡ Ó: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóËúÈóÊó.(7/108)
ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÏóæúÑðÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãó æõÌõæÈó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãóÇãñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãóÇãñ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊóåõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ãóæóÏøóÊöåö (1) . ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Ãóãú áóãú íõÄúãóÑú (2) ¿ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõäúÊóÝò ÖóÑõæÑóÉð. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÃúãõÑö ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó. ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: íõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö íõÞóÇáõ: " Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóæóÏøóÊóåõãú æóãóÍóÈøóÊóåõãú æóãõæóÇáóÇÊóåõãú æóÇÌöÈóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõãú ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí Ðóáößó. ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÏóÚõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì æóáóÇíóÊöåöãú æóØóÇÚóÊöåöãú æóÇÏøóÚóæõÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó ØóÇÚóÊóåõãú¡ ÝóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõãú (3) (4) ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ãóæóÏøóÊöåöãú¡ Èóáú ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó áóãú íóßõäú ãõÍöÈøðÇ áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó (5) ÚóÏõæøðÇ (6) áöáøóåö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóæúãõ ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÅöáóåðÇ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÃóÞóáøó ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ÚöíÓóì. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ¡ Ãóæú åõæó (7) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ãóæú Åöáóåñ (8) ¡ æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ (9)
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(1) ã: ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝóÉõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉö.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóáóãú íõÄúãóÑú¡ ã: æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÄúãöäú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) È: ÝóãõÎóÇáöÝõåõãú.
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) .
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) .
(6) Ó¡ È: ÚóÏõæøñ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(7) Ó¡ È: æóåõæó.
(8) ã: Ãóæö ÇáúÅöáóåõ.
(9) ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/109)
ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú (1) ãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö (2) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ìóåúáõåõãú æóÙõáúãõåõãú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú Ãóäú íõæÕóÝó: æóíóÊóãóÓøóßõæäó ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáúãóßúÐõæÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÞúíöÓóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏóÉö¡ æóíóÏóÚõæäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉó Èóáú (3) ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉó¡ æóÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉó¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉó.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇãä " æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÔúÑöí äóÝúÓóåõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÊö Çááøóåö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: (4) " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÔúÑöí äóÝúÓóåõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÊö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 7 - 2] . ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ: Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉó ÎóáøóÝó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (5) áöÞóÖóÇÁö Ïõíõæäöåö æóÑóÏøö ÇáúæóÏóÇÆöÚö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ (6) áóíúáóÉó ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÍóÇØó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ÈöÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ Ãóäú íóäóÇãó Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: «íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¡ ÇÊøóÔöÍú ÈöÈõÑúÏöí ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö (7) ¡ æóäóãú Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõÕó (8) Åöáóíúßó ãöäúåõãú ãóßúÑõæåñ - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ
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(1) ä¡ Ó: ãöäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÎóÝöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ãõãóÇËöáóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/55
(3) Èóáú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 153 (ã) ¡ 154 (ã) .
(5) ß¡ ã: Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ã: æóÃóãóÑó.
(7) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö.
(8) ß: áóÇ íóÕöáõ.(7/110)
[ÊóÚóÇáóì] (1) ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì (2) Åöáóì ÌöÈúÑöíáó (3) æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó Ãóäøöí ÞóÏú ÂÎóíúÊõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáúÊõ ÚõãõÑó ÃóÍóÏößõãóÇ (4) ÃóØúæóáó ãöäó ÚõãõÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÃóíøõßõãóÇ íõÄúËöÑõ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¿ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ßöáóÇåóãóÇ ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó¡ ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ. (5) ÅöáóíúåóÇ: ÃóáóÇ ßõäúÊõãóÇ ãöËúáó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ ÂÎóíúÊõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÝóÈóÇÊó Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö íóÝúÏöíåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóíõÄúËöÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¿ ÇåúÈöØóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÇÍúÝóÙóÇåõ ãöäú ÚóÏøõæöåö. ÝóäóÒóáóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ (6) ÚöäúÏó ÑóÃúÓöåö¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ÚöäúÏó ÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ: ÈóÎò ÈóÎò (7) ãóäú ãöËúáõßó íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò íõÈóÇåöí (8) Çááøóåõ Èößó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó¿ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó ãõÊóæóÌøöåñ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÔóÃóäö Úóáöíøò (9) : {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÔúÑöí äóÝúÓóåõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÉö Çááøóåö} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 207] . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò (10) áóãøóÇ åóÑóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÇÑö¡ æóåóÐöåö
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(1) ÊóÚóÇáóì: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ß) : ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó.
(2) ß: ÝóÃóæúÕóì Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ä¡ ã: ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ.
(3) ß: ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ.
(5) ß: Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó.
(6) ß: ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) ß: ÈóÎò ÈóÎò áóßó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ.
(8) Ó¡ È: ÈóÇåóì.
(9) ß: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(10)) ß Õ 154 ã: Ýöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(7/111)
ÝóÖöíáóÉõ (1) áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì (2) ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (3) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ". ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ äóÞúáö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö áöÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ØóæóÇÆöÝö [Ãóåúáö] (4) ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ (5) ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑñ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ¡ æóÝöí äóÞúáöåö ãöäú (6) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌöäúÓö áöáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÇÊö ÃõãõæÑñ íõÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åõæó áóãú íóÊóÚóãøóÏö (7) ÇáúßóÐöÈó. ËóÇäöíåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö (8) ßóÐöÈñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö (9) ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑó åõæó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áóãú íóßõäú áöáúÞóæúãö ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ØóáóÈö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóØúáõæÈõåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ Ýöí ßõáøò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÏöíóÊóåõ áöãóäú ÌóÇÁó Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö (10) ¡ æóÊóÑóßó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ýöí (11)
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(1) ß: ÝóÖöíáóÉñ áóåõ.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÖöíáóÉö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì¡ ß: ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö Úóáóì. . .
(3) Ó¡ È: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
(4) Ãóåúáö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) .
(5) ã: ãöäú ãóËóáò æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íóÚúÊóãöÏö.
(8) ä¡ Ó: Úóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ È: Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
(9) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ íóáöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝóÍóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö.
(10) ÓóíóÑöÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇãöäö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/58 - 60 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÓóíóÑöÏõ Ýöíåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøó ÓõÑóÇÞóÉó Èúäó ÌóÚúÔóãò ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ÑõÓõáõ ßõÝøóÇÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò íóÌúÚóáõæäó Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÏöíóÉó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ áöãóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ Ãóæú ÃóÓóÑóåõ.
(11) ä¡ ã: Úóáöíøñ.(7/112)
ÝöÑóÇÔöåö áöíóÙõäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóáóÇ íóØúáõÈõæåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÙóåóÑóÊú ÎóíúÈóÊõåõãú¡ æóáóãú íõÄúÐõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ Èóáú ÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Úöáúãó áóåõ Èöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò (1) ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóæúÝõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÕóÏöíÞöåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó áóåõãú Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÛóÑóÖñ áóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæÇ áóåõ áóãøóÇ æóÌóÏõæåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæÇ áóåõ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú (2) áóÇ ÛóÑóÖó áóåõãú Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÝöÏóÇÁò åõäóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö¿ . æóÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÝúÏöíåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ æóíóÞúÕöÏõ Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Úóäúåõ¡ æóíóßõæäó ÇáÖøóÑóÑõ Èöåö Ïõæäóåõ ; åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò. ßóÇäó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáØøóáóÈóÉó Ýóíóßõæäõ ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÑøõÕøóÏó Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóãóÇãóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÐúåóÈõ ÝóíóßúÔöÝõ áóåõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó. æóÅöÐóÇ [ßóÇäó] (3) åõäóÇßó ãóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Èöåö áóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÏú ÝóÏóÇåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ãõæóÇØöäö ÇáúÍõÑõæÈö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞõÊöáó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÔõáøóÊú íóÏõåõ¡ ßóØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö. æóåóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßõáøöåöãú. Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ÝöÏóÇÁñ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö áóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÉö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¿ . ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí " ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö " - ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöíäó (4) áóÚóáöíøò ÇáúãóÇÆöáöíäó Åöáóíúåö - æóÐóßóÑó ÎõÑõæÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝó Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö áóíúáóÉó ãóßóÑó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ Èöåö¡ ÞóÇáó (5) : " «ÝóÃóÊóì ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò.
(2) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ.
(3) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(4) ä: ÇáúãõÊóæóÇáöíäó.
(5) ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáÊøóÇáöí ãóÚó ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 2/126 - 128(7/113)
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ (1) : áóÇ ÊóÈöÊú åóÐöåö ÇááøóíúáóÉó Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔößó ÇáøóÐöí ßõäúÊó ÊóÈöíÊõ Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÊóãóÉõ Çááøóíúáö (2) ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈöåö íóÑúÕõÏõæäóåõ ãóÊóì (3) ¡ íóäóÇãõ¡ ÝóíóËöÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÞóÇãóåõãú ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò (4) : äóãú Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöí æóÇÊøóÔöÍú (5) ÈöÈõÑúÏöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö¡ Ýóäóãú Ýöíåö (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóäú íóÎúáõÕó (7) Åöáóíúßó ÔóíúÁñ ÊóßúÑóåõåõ ãöäúåõãú» . æóÚóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö (8) ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ áóåõ¡ æóÝöíåöãú: ÃóÈõæ Ìóåúáò (9) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó æóåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÇÈöåö: Åöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ íóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøóßõãú Åöäú ÊóÇÈóÚúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑöåö ßõäúÊõãú ãõáõæßó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÇáúÚóÌóãö¡ Ëõãøó ÈõÚöËúÊõãú [ãöäú] (10) ÈóÚúÏö ãóæúÊößõãú¡ ÝóÌõÚöáóÊú áóßõãú ÌóäøóÇÊñ ßóÌóäøóÇÊö (11) ÇáúÃõÑúÏõäøö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáõæÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Ýöíßõãú ÐóÈúÍñ¡ Ëõãøó ÈõÚöËúÊõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóæúÊößõãú¡ ÝóÌõÚöáóÊú (12) áóßõãú äóÇÑñ ÊõÍúÑóÞõæäó ÝöíåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóíúåöãú (13) ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÍóÝúäóÉð (14)
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(1) ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò: ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó.
(2) ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò: ÚóÊóãóÉñ ãöäó Çááøóíúáö.
(3) È: ÍóÊøóì.
(4) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ãóßóÇäóåõãú ÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò.
(5) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÊóÓóÌøó.
(6) Ýöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) (Ó)
(7) ã: áóÇ íóÎúáõÕó.
(8) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËóäöí íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö ÞóÇáó.
(9) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÃóÈõæ Ìóåúáö Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò.
(10)) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊøõåóÇ ãöäú (ã) ¡ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò.
(11) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÌöäóÇäñ ßóÌöäóÇäö.
(12) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: Ëõãøó ÌõÚöáóÊú.
(13) ÓóÞóØóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú (ã) ¡ " æóÝöí ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò ": æóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(14) ä: ÍóÝöíøóÉð¡ ã: ÍóÕóÇÉð.(7/114)
ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈò Ýöí íóÏöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú (1) ÃóäóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó¡ ÃóäúÊó (2) ÃóÍóÏõåõãú. æóÃóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃóÈúÕóÇÑöåöãú Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ (3) . . . æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäúåõãú ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÖóÚó Úóáóì (4) ÑóÃúÓöåö ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÕóÑóÝó (5) Åöáóì ÍóíúËõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãú ÂÊò ãöãøóäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÊóäúÊóÙöÑõæäó åóÇåõäóÇ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ (6) : ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÎóíøóÈóßõãõ Çááøóåõ! ÞóÏú æóÇááøóåö ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúßõãú ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãöäúßõãú ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æóÖóÚó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÇäúØóáóÞó áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö (7) ¡ ÃóÝóãóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó ãóÇ Èößõãú (8) ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóæóÖóÚó ßõáøõ ÑóÌõáò ãöäúåõãú íóÏóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÊõÑóÇÈñ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáõæÇ íóØøóáöÚõæäó (9) ÝóíóÑóæúäó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÑóÇÔö ãõÓóÌøóì (10) ÈöÈõÑúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: æóÇááøóåö Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÇÆöãðÇ¡ Úóáóíúåö ÈõÑúÏóÉñ. Ýóáóãú íóÈúÑóÍõæÇ ßóÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ. ÝóÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ Úóäö ÇáúÝöÑóÇÔö¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÕóÏóÞóäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (11) æóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ [ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö] Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó (12) : {
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(1) äóÚóãú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò ".
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóäúÊó.
(3) ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ ÊõæÌóÏõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÓúØõÑò Ýöí " ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò " ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó.
(4) ã: ÅöáøóÇ æóÖóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì. . . ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÏú æóÖóÚó Úóáóì. . .
(5) ä: ÇäúÕóÑóÝõæÇ.
(6) Ó¡ È: ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ.
(7) ã: Ëõãøó ÇäúÕóÑóÝó æóÇäúØóáóÞó áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇäúØóáóÞó Åöáóì ÍóÇÌóÊöåö.
(8) ã: ÃóãóÇãóßõãú.
(9) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: íóÊóØóáøóÚõæäó.
(10) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ãõÊóÓóÌøöíðÇ.
(11)) ã: æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÕóÏóÞóäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ¡ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÕóÏóÞóäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(12)) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó¡ ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò 2/128: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: æóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ áóåõ.(7/115)
æóÅöÐú íóãúßõÑõ Èößó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ áöíõËúÈöÊõæßó Ãóæú íóÞúÊõáõæßó Ãóæú íõÎúÑöÌõæßó æóíóãúßõÑõæäó æóíóãúßõÑõ Çááøóåõ æóÇááøóåõ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúãóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 30] æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Ãóãú íóÞõæáõæäó ÔóÇÚöÑñ äóÊóÑóÈøóÕõ Èöåö ÑóíúÈó Çáúãóäõæäö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøõæÑö: 30] æóÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ áöäóÈöíøöåö (1) Ýöí ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó (2) » . ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÃóÕúáðÇ. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (3) ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: " ÇÊøóÔöÍú ÈöÈõÑúÏöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö¡ Ýóäóãú Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóäú íóÎúáõÕó Åöáóíúßó ãöäúåõãú ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÔóíúÁò ÊóßúÑóåõåõ ". ÝóæóÚóÏóåõ - æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ - Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõÕõ Åöáóíúåö ãóßúÑõæåñ¡ æóßóÇäó ØõãóÃúäöíäóÊõåõ ÈöæóÚúÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö [- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (4) . ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöíåöãú ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóáöíÞõ Èöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÌóÇÆöÚðÇ ÝóíõÄúËöÑõåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÈöÇáØøóÚóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ åõäóÇßó ÎóæúÝñ ÝóíõÄúËöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúäö (5) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ áóåõãóÇ: ÃóíøõßõãóÇ íõÄúËöÑõ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¿ æóáóÇ áöáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÃóÕúáñ¡ Èóáú ÌöÈúÑöíáõ áóåõ Úóãóáñ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö Ïõæäó ãöíßóÇÆöíáó¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ áóåõ Úóãóáñ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö Ïõæäó ÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÂËóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÍúíó æóÇáäøóÕúÑó áöÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÑøöÒúÞó æóÇáúãóØóÑó áöãöíßóÇÆöíáó.
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(1) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉó 31 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáØøõæÑö Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÃóÓúØõÑò ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: æóÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÈöíøöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÝöí (Ó) (È) : ÝóÃóÐöäó.
(2) ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò: ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(4) ä: ÈöæóÚúÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ó¡ È: ÈöæóÚúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö.
(5) ã: ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö.(7/116)
Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÞóÖóì ÈöÃóäøó ÚõãõÑó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÃóØúæóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ýóåõæó ãóÇ ÞóÖóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÖóÇåõ áöæóÇÍöÏò æóÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäúåõãóÇ Ãóäú íóÊøóÝöÞóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúÃóØúæóáö¡ Ãóæú íõÄúËöÑó Èöåö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ æóåõãóÇ ÑóÇÖöíóÇäö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó. æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÇ íóßúÑóåóÇäö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóáöíÞõ ÈöÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö Ãóäú íõÍóÑøöÔó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóíõáúÞöí ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉó¿ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÍóÞøðÇ - ÊóÚóÇáóì Çááøóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó - Ëõãøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑõ áóæú æóÞóÚó ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ãöäú Íöíäö ÎóáóÞóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÂÏóãó Åöáóì Íöíäö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¿ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó áóæú ßóÇäó ÚóÞöÈó ÎóáúÞöåöãóÇ. ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÄóÇÎö ÚóáöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ýöí åóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ. æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÇÉö ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì Ýöí Ðóáößó - ãóÚó ÖóÚúÝöåö æóÈõØúáóÇäöåö - ÅöäøóãóÇ Ýöíåö ãõÄóÇÎóÇÊöåö áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ (1) ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó ÝóãõÄóÇÎóÇÊõåõ áóåõ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÏóÇÁñ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö æóáóÇ ÅöíËóÇÑñ ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÞúáö. ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó åõÈõæØó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó áöÍöÝúÙö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú
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(1) ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/32 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíóÉó ÓóíóÊóßóáøóãõ ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ (7/361) æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Ýóåõæó Ýöíåö 5/300 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ ÈóÇÈõ 85) æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÂÎóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Úóáöíøñ ÊóÏúãóÚõ ÚóíúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÂÎóíúÊó Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó æóáóãú ÊõÄóÇÎö Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎöí Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö "¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ æóÝöíåö Úóäú Òóíúäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì ". æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 2/14 æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ: " Ê (ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ) ¡ ß (ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ) ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ: " ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ " æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÊøöÈúÑöíÒöíøõ Ýöí " ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö " 3/243 - 244(7/117)
ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãõäúßóÑóÇÊö ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íóÍúÝóÙõ ãóäú ÔóÇÁó (1) ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö ÈöÏõæäö åóÐóÇ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ñõæöíó åõÈõæØõåõãóÇ íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò áöáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ æóÝöí ãöËúáö Êöáúßó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö (2) ÇáúÚöÙóÇãö¡ æóáóæú äóÒóáóÇ áöÍöÝúÙö æóÇÍöÏò (3) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóäóÒóáóÇ áöÍöÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÕóÏöíÞöåö¡ ÇááøóÐóíúäö ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁõ íóØúáõÈõæäóåõãóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÐóáõæÇ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÏöíóÊóåõ¡ æóåõãú ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÛöáóÇÙñ ÔöÏóÇÏñ ÓõæÏõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÇÏö. ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóåöíó ãóÏóäöíøóÉñ ÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈóÚúÏó åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ áóãú ÊóäúÒöáú æóÞúÊó åöÌúÑóÊöåö (4) . æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú áóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑó ÕõåóíúÈñ æóØóáóÈóåõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ãóÇáóåõ¡ æóÃóÊóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÑóÈöÍó ÇáúÈóíúÚõ ÃóÈóÇ íóÍúíóì ". æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ äóÞóáóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò (5) . æóåóÐóÇ ãõãúßöäñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÕõåóíúÈðÇ åóÇÌóÑó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò (6) : " ÇÎúÊóáóÝó (7) Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö Ýöíãóäú äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ [Ýöíåö] (8) ¡ æóãóäú Úõäöíó ÈöåóÇ
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(1) Ó¡ È: ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ.
(2) Ó: æóÝöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ È: æóÝöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
(3) ã: ÃóÍóÏò.
(4) ä: ÈóÚúÏó åöÌúÑóÊöåö¡ Ó¡ È: ÞóÈúáó åöÌúÑóÊöåö.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3/398 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ¡ æóäóÓóÈó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÕõåóíúÈò ; æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö æóÓóÇÞó ÈöÓóäóÏöåö æóÐóßóÑó ÎóÈóÑó åöÌúÑóÉö ÕõåóíúÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãúÊõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÈöÍó ÕõåóíúÈñ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú: " ÒóÇÏõ ÇáúãóÓöíÑö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö.
(6) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöå Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 4/247 - 248
(7) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó.
(8) Ýöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ä (ã) ¡ (Ó)(7/118)
ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÚõäöíó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ". æóÐóßóÑó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó (1) " æóÚóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Þóæúãò ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú (2) " æóÑóæóì Úóäö " ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (3) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÌøóÇÌñ (4) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò (5) ¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó (6) ÞóÇáó: «äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÕõåóíúÈò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÌõäúÏóÈò (7) ¡ ÃóÎóÐó Ãóåúáõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò [ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò] (8) ÝóÇäúÝóáóÊó (9) ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÏöãó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ãõåóÇÌöÑðÇ ÚóÑóÖõæÇ áóåõ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ (10) ÈöãóÑøö ÇáÙøóåúÑóÇäö¡ ÝóÇäúÝóáóÊó (11) ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãó Úóáóíúåö (12) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÕõåóíúÈñ ÝóÃóÎóÐó Ãóåúáóåõ¡ ÝóÇÝúÊóÏóì ãöäúåõãú ÈöãóÇáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÑóÌó ãõåóÇÌöÑðÇ ÝóÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ÞõäúÝõÐõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑö Èúäö ÌõÏúÚóÇäó (13) ¡
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú 4/247
(2) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÑöÌóÇáò ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÈöÃóÚúíõäöåöãú.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ.
(4) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÍóÌøóÇÌñ.
(5) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò.
(6) ÈóÚúÏó ÚößúÑöãóÉó ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ýöí ÕõåóíúÈò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÌõäúÏóÈò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: Ýöí ÕõåóíúÈö Èúäö ÓöäóÇäò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö ÌõäúÏóÈö Èúäö ÇáÓøóßóäö.
(8) ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(9) ã¡ Ó: ÝóÇäúÞóáóÈó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(10)) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóßóÇäó.
(11) 11) ã¡ Ó: ÝóÇäúÞóáóÈó.
(12) 12) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(13) 13) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÌõÏúÚóÇäó¡ È: ãõäúÞöÐõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑö Èúäö ÌõÏúÚóÇäó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãóÍúãõæÏ ãõÍóãøóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö 4/248 Ê [0 - 9] : Ãóäøó ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ãõÍóÑøóÝóÉð Åöáóì: ãõäúÞöÐö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóì ÞõäúÝõÐò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.(7/119)
ÝóÎóÑóÌó áóåõ ãöãøóÇ (1) ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ÝóÎóáøóì (2) ÓóÈöíáõåõ (3) » . æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Úõäöíó (4) [ÈöÐóáößó] (5) ßõáøó ÔóÇÑò äóÝúÓóåõ Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö (6) æóÌöåóÇÏò (7) Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóãúÑò (8) ÈöãóÚúÑõæÝò ". æóäõÓöÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó Èóáú æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÃóäú ÕõåóíúÈðÇ ßóÇäó ÓóÈóÈó ÇáäøõÒõæáö (9) . ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãõØúáóÞñ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÊóÎúÕöíÕñ. Ýóßõáøñ ãóäú ÈóÇÚó äóÝúÓóåõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÝóÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó ÝöíåóÇ. æóÃóÍóÞøõ ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÕóÏöíÞõåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ ÔóÑóíóÇ äóÝúÓóåõãóÇ (10) ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÊö Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÇÌóÑóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáúÚóÏõæøõ íóØúáõÈõåõãóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò. ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " åóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö [ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö] (11) Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ " (12) .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÈöãóÇ.
(2) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: æóÎóáøóì
(3) ÊóÑóßó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÃóÓúØõÑò ãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " ÓóÈöíáõåõ ".
(4) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: Èóáú Úõäöíó
(5) ã: Úõäöíó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " ÈöÐóáößó " ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(6) ä¡ Ó: Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö.
(7) Ó¡ È: æóÌóÇåóÏó.
(8) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: Ãóæú ÃóãúÑò.
(9) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 4/250 - 251
(10)) ã: ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãóÇ.
(11)) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö " Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ßóáóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö (Õ 112) ¡ æóÝöíåö: ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
(12) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .(7/120)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ (1) : áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÕóáóÊú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉõ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð áóåõ Ïõæäó ÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ. ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ßóÐöÈó Ýöíåö. íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: {ÅöáøóÇ ÊóäúÕõÑõæåõ ÝóÞóÏú äóÕóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ËóÇäöíó ÇËúäóíúäö ÅöÐú åõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÑö ÅöÐú íóÞõæáõ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö áóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäú Åöäøó Çááøóåó ãóÚóäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 40] . æóãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúæöÞóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð ÝóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÞóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöäóÝúÓöåö. æóåóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò¡ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÇáúÎóÕóÇÆöÕö áóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÇÊö. íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃõæÐöíó Ýöí ãóÈöíÊöåö (2) Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃõæÐöíó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí æöÞóÇíóÊöåöãõ (3) ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáÖøóÑúÈö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö. Ýóãóäú ÝóÏóÇåõ æóÃõæÐöíó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóäú ÝóÏóÇåõ æóáóãú íõÄúÐö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ: ãóÇ ÕóÍøó áöÚóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö Ýóåöíó ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ¡ ÔóÇÑóßóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö - æóÃóßúËóÑöåóÇ - ÎóÕóÇÆöÕñ áóåõ¡ áóÇ íõÔúÑößõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö (4) .
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(1) ä: ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ã: Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) È: æöÞóÇíóÊöåö.
(4) Ó¡ È: Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(7/121)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÊÇÓÚ " Ýóãóäú ÍóÇÌøóßó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóßó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú ÍóÇÌøóßó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóßó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÞõáú ÊóÚóÇáóæúÇ äóÏúÚõ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ æóÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú æóäöÓóÇÁóäóÇ æóäöÓóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú Ëõãøó äóÈúÊóåöáú ÝóäóÌúÚóáú áóÚúäóÉó Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 61] . äóÞóáó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ßóÇÝøóÉð Ãóäøó " ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ " ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æó " äöÓóÇÁóäóÇ " ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì ÝóÇØöãóÉó. æó " ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ " ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò (2) . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ Ïóáöíáñ (3) Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áöÚóáöíøò áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì \ ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó äóÝúÓó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉö áóåõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ (4) . æóÃóíúÖðÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áóåõãú æóÃóÝúÖóáó (5) ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö áöÃóãúÑöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÃóÎúÐöåöãú ãóÚóåõ áöÃóäøóåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ ÊóÚóíøóäóÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ Ýöíåöãú (6) . æóåóáú ÊóÎúÝóì ÏóáóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÅöáøóÇ [Úóáóì] (7) ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÍúæóÐó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÎóÐó ÈöãóÌóÇãöÚö
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 154 (ã) .
(2) ß: Åöáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(3) ß: ÃóÏóáøõ Ïóáöíáò.
(4) ß: ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ: ÇáúãõÓóÇæöí¡ æóáóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ¡ ÝóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓóÇæöíóÉõ.
(5) ß: Ãóæú ÃóÝúÖóáó.
(6) ß: Ýöíåöãú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)(7/122)
ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóÍõÈøöÈóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ (1) ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóäóÇáõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóäúÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú (2) ÍóÞøöåöãú¿ ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÐõåõ ÚóáöíøðÇ [æóÝóÇØöãóÉó] (3) æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö ÝóÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò. ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò (4) : «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: {ÝóÞõáú ÊóÚóÇáóæúÇ äóÏúÚõ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ æóÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú æóäöÓóÇÁóäóÇ æóäöÓóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 61] (5) ÏóÚóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÍóÓóäðÇ æóÍõÓóíúäðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáöí» . æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö. æóÞóæúáõåõ: " ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÈóÞóì ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ áóåõ (6) ¡ æóáóåõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ¡ ÝóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓóÇæöíóÉõ " (7) . ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ¡ æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóÇ íõÓóÇæöí ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ (8) æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ
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(1) ß: æóÎõíøöáó áóåõ ÍõÈøõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
(2) ß: Úóäú.
(3) æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1871 " ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ " æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ Øóæöíáñ Ãóæøóáõåõ: " ÃóãøóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÓóÚúÏðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó Ãóäú ÊóÓõÈøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö¿ " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(5) Ýöí " ãõÓúáöãò " ÐóßóÑó ÌõÒúÁð ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÍóÊøóì Þóæúáöåö " æóÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú " ÝóÞóØú.
(6) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(7) ã¡ Ó: ÝóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ¡ ä: ÝóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓóÇæöíóÉõ.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: áóÇ Úóáöíøñ.(7/123)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉó. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúßö: {áóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚúÊõãõæåõ Ùóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 12] ¡ æóáóãú íõæÌöÈú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ãõÊóÓóÇæöíäó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó: {ÝóÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÈóÇÑöÆößõãú ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú Ðóáößõãú ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ÈóÇÑöÆößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 54] ¡ Ãóíú: íóÞúÊõáõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõæÌöÈú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÊóÓóÇæöíäó¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóäú ÚóÈóÏó ÇáúÚöÌúáó ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áöãóäú áóãú íóÚúÈõÏúåõ. æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 29] Ãóíú: áóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÓóÇæöíäó. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóáúãöÒõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 11] : Ãóíú áóÇ íóáúãöÒõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ ; ÝóíóØúÚóäõ Úóáóíúåö æóíóÚöíÈõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ äóåúíñ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÈóÚúÖö åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÚúäó æóÇáúÚóíúÈó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÓóÇæöíäó áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõ ßóÇáúãóÙúáõæãö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ßóÇáúãóÃúãõæãö. æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóäúÊõãú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 85] : Ãóíú íóÞúÊõáõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} ßóÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ ÊóáúãöÒõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 11] ¡ {áóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚúÊõãõæåõ Ùóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 12] æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöíó åõäóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò Èóáú ãõãúÊóäöÚò¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó åõäóÇßó æóÃóÔóÏøõ. Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌóÇäóÓóÉö æóÇáúãõÔóÇÈóåóÉö. æóÇáÊøóÌóÇäõÓõ æóÇáúãõÔóÇÈóåóÉõ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö(7/124)
Ýöí [ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ßóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí] ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö (1) ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöÎúæóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóåúæó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {áóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚúÊõãõæåõ Ùóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 12] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóáóÇ ÊóáúãöÒõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 11] . æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõ¡ ßóÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÓóÈö Ýóåõæó ÃóæúßóÏõ. æóÞóæúãõ ãõæÓóì ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ (2) ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö. Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊóÚóÇáóæúÇ äóÏúÚõ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ æóÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú æóäöÓóÇÁóäóÇ æóäöÓóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 61] Ãóíú ÑöÌóÇáóäóÇ æóÑöÌóÇáóßõãú¡ Ãóíö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ æóÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓößõãú. Ãóæö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ (3) ÇáÊøóÌóÇäõÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö ÝóÞóØú ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ æóÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú æóäöÓóÇÁóäóÇ æóäöÓóÇÁóßõãú} ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏó æóÐóßóÑó [ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó] (4) æóÇáÑøöÌóÇáó¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÐøõßõæÑö æóÇáúÅöäóÇËö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö æóÇáúÚóÕóÈóÉö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö¡ æóÏóÚóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉó ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ æóÏóÚóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáöåö (5) ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóíúåö äóÓóÈðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÏóÇÑó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúßöÓóÇÁó. æóÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ÈóÇåóáóåõãú ÈöÇáúÃóÈúÚóÏöíäó Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ Ó: íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ È: íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ã: íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(2) ã: æóÃóäúÝõÓðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ.
(4) ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ã: ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáò.(7/125)
ÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö¡ áóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÏúÚõæäó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ íóÏúÚõæ åõæó (1) ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóíúåö. æóÇáäøõÝõæÓõ ÊóÍúäõæ Úóáóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÍúäõæ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóíóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú Åöäú ÈóÇåóáõæåõ äóÒóáóÊö ÇáúÈóåúáóÉõ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÚóáóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú¡ æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÎóæúÝõåõãú (2) Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÚóáóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåöãú¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÞóÏú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäú íóåúáóßó æóíóÍúíóÇ ÇÈúäõåõ¡ æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÞóÏú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÇáúãóæúÊó ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈõåõ Ýöí äöÚúãóÉò æóãóÇáò. æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ ßóËöíÑñ. ÝóØóáóÈó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉó ÈöÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö. æóÂíóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö äóÒóáóÊú ÓóäóÉó ÚóÔúÑò ; áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó æóÝúÏõ äóÌúÑóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇãöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Èöåö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕñ ßóÚóáöíøò. æóÃóãøóÇ Èóäõæ Úóãøöåö Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãöËúáõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÇäó ÌóÚúÝóÑõ ÞóÏú ÞõÊöáó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉó ßóÇäóÊú áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó æóÝúÏõ äóÌúÑóÇäó ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò Ãóæú ÚóÔúÑò¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑõ ÞõÊöáó ÈöãõÄúÊóÉó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò¡ ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóßóæúäõåõ ÊóÚóíøóäó áöáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ãóäú íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ¡ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó (3) ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú áóåõ ÈöÇáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö äóæúÚõ ÝóÖöíáóÉò¡
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(1) ä¡ Ó: åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáúÎóæúÝõ.
(3) Ó¡ È: Èóáú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ.(7/126)
æóåöíó ãõÔúÊóÑößóÉñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÍóÓóäò æóÍõÓóíúäò¡ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóÕóÇÆöÕó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóäú ÈóÇåóáó Èöåö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú íõæÌöÈú Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÍóÓóäñ æóÍõÓóíúäñ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " áóæú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áóåõãú¡ Ãóæú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö áóÃóãóÑóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÃóÎúÐöåöãú ãóÚóåõ ; [áöÃóäøóåõ] (1) Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ". ÝóíõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö: áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÅöÌóÇÈóÉó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÏõÚóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÍúÏóåõ ßóÇÝò¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöãóäú íóÏúÚõæåõ ãóÚóåõ Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÌóÇÈó ÏõÚóÇÄõåõ ; áóÏóÚóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (2) ßõáøóåõãú æóÏóÚóÇ Èöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÓúÞöí Èöåöãú æóßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÝúÊöÍõ ÈöÕóÚóÇáöíßö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " æóåóáú (3) ÊõäúÕóÑõæäó æóÊõÑúÒóÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÖõÚóÝóÇÆößõãú¿ ÈöÏõÚóÇÆöåöãú æóÕóáóÇÊöåöãú æóÅöÎúáóÇÕöåöãú " (4) . æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÌóÇÈöíäó¡ ÝóßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö (5) ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÈóÉö. áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÏóÚúæóÉó ãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ áöÅöÌóÇÈóÉö ÏõÚóÇÆöåö (6) ¡ Èóáú áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóåúáö æóÇáúÃóåúáö. æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) áöÃóäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) (Ó)
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: Ýóåóáú.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/782 - 483
(5) ã: ÇáÏøóÇÚöí.
(6) ã: áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÏóÚúæóÉó ãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ ÅöÌóÇÈóÉó ÏõÚóÇÆöåö ; È: áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäú ÏóÚúæóÉö ãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ ÅöÌóÇÈóÉó ÏõÚóÇÆöåö.(7/127)
æóÓóáøóãó - áóæú ÏóÚóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó¡ æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÃõÈóíøó Èúäó ßóÚúÈò æóãõÚóÇÐó Èúäó ÌóÈóáò æóÛóíúÑóåõãú áöáúãõÈóÇåóáóÉö¡ áóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÈóÉð áöÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÏõÚóÇÁõ åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÃóÈúáóÛó Ýöí ÅöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóÃúãõÑúåõ Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÈöÃóÎúÐöåöãú [ãóÚóåõ] (1) ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó Ãóäøó ÃõæáóÆößó íóÃúÊõæäó Èöãóäú íõÔúÝöÞõæäó Úóáóíúåö ØóÈúÚðÇ (2) ¡ ßóÃóÈúäóÇÆöåöãú æóäöÓóÇÆöåöãú æóÑöÌóÇáöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíúåöãú. Ýóáóæú ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóæúãðÇ ÃóÌóÇäöÈó áóÃóÊóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÈöÃóÌóÇäöÈó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÔúÊóÏøõ Úóáóíúåö äõÒõæáõ ÇáúÈóåúáóÉö ÈöÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÃóÌóÇäöÈö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÔúÊóÏøõ Úóáóíúåöãú äõÒõæáõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈöíäó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ØóÈúÚó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö íóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóì ÃóÞúÑöÈóíúåö (3) ¡ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÌóÇäöÈö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæó ÞóÑóÇÈóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íóÏúÚõæóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó ÞóÑóÇÈóÊóåõãú. æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÊóÞõæáõ ßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò áöáúÃõÎúÑóì: ÃóÑúåöäõæÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú æóäöÓóÇÁóßõãú¡ Ýóáóæú ÑóåóäóÊú ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÃóÌúäóÈöíøðÇ áóãú íóÑúÖó ÃõæáóÆößó¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÇáúÃóÌóÇäöÈó áóãú íóÑúÖó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõæäó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÃóÝúÖóáó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÈóáó Èöåöãú áöãóäú íõÞóÇÈöáõåõ ÈöÃóåúáöåö. ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ Úóáóì ãóØúáõæÈö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö¡ áóßöäøóåõ æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ãöãøóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÒóíúÛñ¡ ßóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÚóáøóÞõæäó ÈöÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÌúãóáóÉö æóíóÏóÚõæäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏúÍóåõ (4) Ýöí ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÒóÚúãöåö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö¡
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(1) ãóÚóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ØóÈúÚðÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ã: ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö.
(4) È: Ëõãøó ÞóÏóÍó.(7/128)
ÍóíúËõ ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÃóäúÝõÓö: ÇáúãõÓóÇæõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáö Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö. æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " äöÓóÇÁóäóÇ " áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ Èóáú ãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ ãöäú ÈóäóÇÊöåö ßóÇäóÊú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÊöåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÑõÞóíøóÉó æóÃõãøó ßõáúËõæãò æóÒóíúäóÈó ßõäøó ÞóÏú ÊõæõÝøöíäó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. ÝóßóÐóáößó " ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ " áóíúÓó ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ Èóáú åóÐöåö (1) ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó " äöÓóÇÁóäóÇ " ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò æóßóÐóáößó " ÃóÈúäóÇÁóäóÇ " ÕöíÛóÉõ ÌóãúÚò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóÍõÓóíúäðÇ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíúåö (2) ÈöÇáúÈõäõæøóÉö ÓöæóÇåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó Ýóåõæó ØöÝúáñ áóÇ íõÏúÚóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÑöíóÉó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóåúÏóÇåóÇ áóåõ [ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓõ] (3) ÕóÇÍöÈõ ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÃóåúÏóì áóåõ ÇáúÈóÛúáóÉó æóãóÇÑöíóÉó æóÓöíÑöíäó¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóì ÓöíÑöíäó áöÍóÓøóÇäö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÊóÓóÑøóì ãóÇÑöíóÉó ÝóæóáóÏóÊú áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÔóåúÑðÇ æóãóÇÊó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Åöäøó áóåõ ãõÑúÖöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÊõÊöãøõ ÅöÑúÖóÇÚóåõ» (4)
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: åóÐóÇ.
(2) ä¡ Ó: ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓõ¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(4) ÑóÖóÇÚóåõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ó) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÑóÖóÇÚóÊóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: (ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/283¡ 297¡ 304 æóæóÌóÏúÊõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãõÞóÇÑöÈðÇ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1808 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÍúãóÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäó æóÇáúÚöíóÇáó æóÊóæóÇÖõÚöåö æóÝóÖúáö Ðóáößó) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÑúÍóãó ÈöÇáúÚöíóÇáö ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÝöíåö: ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑõæ (Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäú ÃóäóÓò) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇÈúäöí¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÇáËøóÏúíö¡ æóÅöäøó áóåõ ÙöÆúÑóíúäö ÊõßúãöáóÇäö ÑóÖóÇÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ". ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÇáËøóÏúíö: Ãóíú ãóÇÊó æóåõæó Ýöí Óöäøö ÑóÖóÇÚö ÇáËøóÏúíö¡ æóÇáÙøöÆúÑõ åöíó ÇáúãõÑúÖöÚóÉõ æóáóÏó ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/112 æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËóÇäö ÖóÚöíÝóÇäö ÝöíåöãóÇ Ãóäøó ÑóÖóÇÚóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÊóÊöãøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/484 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÐößúÑö æóÝóÇÊóåõ) .(7/129)
æóßóÇäó ÅöåúÏóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓö ÈóÚúÏó (1) ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ Èóáú ÈóÚúÏó Íõäóíúäò.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÚÇÔÑ " ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 37] . Ñóæóì [ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ] (3) ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (4) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÓõÆöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäö ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóáóÞøóÇåóÇ ÂÏóãõ (5) ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáóåõ ÈöÍóÞøö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúåö (6) ¡ ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö» . æóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ áóãú íóáúÍóÞúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áöãõÓóÇæóÇÊöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÓøõáö Èöåö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÑöæóÇíóÉö (7) ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (8) áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöåóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) Ó: æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓõ ÈóÚúÏó¡ È: æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÏó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 154 (ã) ¡ 155 (ã) .
(3) ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) È: ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(5) ß: ÂÏóãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÅöáøóÇ ÊõÈúÊó Úóáóíøó
(7) ä¡ Ó: Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÕöÍøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö.
(8) È: ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.(7/130)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " Úóäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö (1) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ ßõÊõÈðÇ (2) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö æóÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö (3) . ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: " ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåö Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÓóäò (4) ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö. ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò áóíúÓó ËöÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÃúãõæäðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäò: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö ". ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóáóÞøóÇåóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ãõÝóÓøóÑóÉð Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÙóáóãúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ æóÊóÑúÍóãúäóÇ áóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 23] . æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö åóÐóÇ æóãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõåõ (5) ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäúåõãú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÓóãö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ÂÏóãó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúÝõÓøóÇÞö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÞúÓöãú Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóÍóÏò. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÂÏóãõ Ýöí ÊóæúÈóÊöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÐúäöÈöíäó áóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ æóáóÇ ßóÇÝöÑñ. æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóÏú ÑóæóæúÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóæóÓøóáó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì ÞóÈúáó ÊóæúÈóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ. æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ãóÇáößò Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍößóÇíóÉñ Ýöí ÎöØóÇÈöåö áöáúãóäúÕõæÑö¡ æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ãóÇáößò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ Ýöí " ÇáÔøöÝóÇÁö ".
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(2) ä¡ ã: ßöÊóÇÈðÇ.
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÓöÒúßöíäõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóÇÉö ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÍöÓóÇäö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÓöÒúßöíäó ã 1 Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 22 æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö 1/534
(4) ã: ÍõÓóíúäò.
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö 1 ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò " Ø ÇáÔøóÚúÈö " 1/116(7/131)
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóæúÈóÉò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÔóÑøóÚó áöÃõãøóÊöåö Ãóäú íõÞúÓöãõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöãóÎúáõæÞò æóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ áöÔóÑúÚöåö áöÃõãøóÊöåö. ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÞúÓóÇãó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÃóãúÑñ áóãú íóÑöÏú Èöåö ßöÊóÇÈñ æóáóÇ ÓõäøóÉñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú äóÕøó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö - ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ - Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞúÓóãó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöãóÎúáõæÞò. æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó. ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ ÝóÂÏóãõ äóÈöíøñ ßóÑöíãñ¡ ßóíúÝó íõÞúÓöãõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Èöãóäú åõæó ÃóßúÑóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäúåõ¿ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó äóÈöíøóäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÂÏóãó¡ áóßöäøó ÂÏóãó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÍóÓóäò æóÍõÓóíúäò. ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊóÊú áöÝóÇØöãóÉó. æóÎóÕóÇÆöÕõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö. æóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåöãú áóãú íóÓúÊóáúÒöãö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ïóáöíáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóáúÒõæãðÇ áóåóÇ¡ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú æõÌõæÏöåö ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞõåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áóßóÇäó ãóäú íóÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÍÇÏí ÚÔÑ " Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáõßó áöáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöí (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáõßó áöáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí}
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 155 (ã) .(7/132)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 124] . Ñóæóì ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (1) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò (2) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÇäúÊóåóÊö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ Åöáóíøó æóÅöáóì Úóáöíøò¡ áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú ÃóÍóÏõäóÇ áöÕóäóãò ÞóØøõ¡ ÝóÇÊøóÎöÐúäöí äóÈöíøðÇ æóÇÊøóÎöÐú ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÕöíøðÇ» . æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) . æÇäÙÑ: ÒÇÏ ÇáãÓíÑ 1 139 - 141¡ ÇáÏÑ ÇáãäËæÑ ááÓíæØí 1 118. ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÇäúÊóåóÊö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ " ßóáóÇãñ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõäúÓóÈó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó: ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊõÕöÈú ãóäú ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÏóÎóáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó äóÇÝöáóÉð æóßõáøðÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍöíäó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð íóåúÏõæäó ÈöÃóãúÑöäóÇ æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö æóÅöÞóÇãó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÅöíÊóÇÁó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 72 - 73] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ åõÏðì áöÈóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 2] . æóÞóÇáó Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð íóåúÏõæäó ÈöÃóãúÑöäóÇ áóãøóÇ ÕóÈóÑõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ íõæÞöäõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 24]
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(1) È: ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(2) ß: ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò.
(3) ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö " 1 \ \ 237 237 - 242 " Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö "¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÞóÇáó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóäóÇáõ ÚóåúÏöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó " áóãøóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ ÝóÃõÌöíÈó Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÃõÎúÈöÑó Ãóäøóåõ Óóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÙóÇáöãõæäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäóÇáõåõãú ÚóåúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ÃóÆöãøóÉð ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåöãú "(7/133)
æóÞóÇáó: {æóäõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú äóãõäøó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊõÖúÚöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËöíäó æóäõãóßøöäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 5¡ 6] . ÝóåóÐöåö ÚöÏøóÉõ äõÕõæÕò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÌóÚúáö Çááøóåö [ÃóÆöãøóÉð] (1) ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÞóÈúáó ÃõãøóÊöäóÇ. æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó: ÇäúÊóåóÊö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÅöãóÇãó ÈóÚúÏóäóÇ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (2) . Ëõãøó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáõ Èößóæúäöåö áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú áöÕóäóãò [åõæ] (3) åõæó ÚöáøóÉñ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ßóæúäó ÇáÔøóÎúÕö áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú áöÕóäóãò ÝóÖöíáóÉñ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÌóãöíÚõ ãóäú æõáöÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌúÚóáõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö¿ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Þöíáó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú áöÕóäóãò áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÓúÌõÏú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ßóáøõ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÇáÕøóÈöíøõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõßóáøóÝò. æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú ÞóÈúáó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÆöáõåõ ãöãøóäú íõæËóÞõ Èöåö. æóíõÞóÇáõ: áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú áóãú íóßúÝõÑú Ãóæú ãóäú áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈößóÈöíÑóÉò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú ÊóÇÈó ÚóäúåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈõ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäú áóãú íóßúÝõÑú æóáóãú íóÝúÓõÞú¡ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ [ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ] (4) ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÝóÖøóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó [ÇáúßõÝúÑö] (5) . æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíåöãú ãóäú æõáöÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóÝóÖøóáó
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(1) ÃóÆöãøóÉð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)
(2) ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) åõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (Ó) : æóåõæó.
(4) ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö.(7/134)
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æó [ÃóßúËóÑõ] ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó (1) æõáöÏõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóäøó áõæØðÇ Âãóäó áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÈóÚóËóåõ Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÔõÚóíúÈñ: {ÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Åöäú ÚõÏúäóÇ Ýöí ãöáøóÊößõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú äóÌøóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚõæÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 89] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ áöÑõÓõáöåöãú áóäõÎúÑöÌóäøóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖöäóÇ Ãóæú áóÊóÚõæÏõäøó Ýöí ãöáøóÊöäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 13] . æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÅöÎúæóÉö íõæÓõÝó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó¡ Ëõãøó äóÈøóÃóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÊóæúÈóÊöåöãú¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõãöÑúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÄúãöäó ÈöãóÇ ÃõæÊõæÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÂáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú ÕóÇÑó äóÈöíøðÇ¡ ÝóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊõäóÇÒöÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãóäú ÕóÏóÑó ãöäúåõ ÐóäúÈñ áóÇ íóÕöíÑõ äóÈöíøðÇ. æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöíãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ. æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóäóÚõæÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÚõãúÏóÊõåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈó ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö íóßõæäõ äóÇÞöÕðÇ ãóÐúãõæãðÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó¡ æóáóæú ÕóÇÑó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ØóÇÚóÉð. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáøóÐöí äõæÒöÚõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æó [ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ] íóÏõáøõ (2) Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö Þóæúáöåöãú Ýöíåö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇäí ÚÔÑ " Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æõÏøðÇ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æõÏøðÇ}
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(1) ä¡ Ó: æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ È: æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó.
(2) ä¡ Ó: æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ íóÏõáøõ¡ È: æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ íóÏõáøóÇäö.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 155 (ã) . . . . ÅöáóÎú(7/135)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 96] Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ (1) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáóíøò. æóÇáúæõÏøõ ãóÍóÈøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ÇáúãõÄúãöäóÉö. æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö (2) ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÚóáöíøò (3) : íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Þõáú: Çááøóåõãøó ÇÌúÚóáú áöí ÚöäúÏóßó ÚóåúÏðÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí Ýöí ÕõÏõæÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (4) ãóæóÏøóÉð. ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æõÏøðÇ} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 96] ¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó (5) ". æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ (6) ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò æóãöäú ÞóÝúæö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó áóåõ Èöåö Úöáúãñ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇÌøóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò. æóÇáúÚóÒúæõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ (7) ÇáËøõÈõæÊó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (8) .
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(1) ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(2) ß: Úóáóíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúæõÏøõ ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö.
(3) ß: áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(4) ã: ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó.
(5) ß: áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó.
(6) ã: ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ.
(8) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓöíÑö " 5/266 266 ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò æóáóãú íõÚóáøöÞú Úóáóì Ðóáößó.(7/136)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó (1) Þóæúáóåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 96] ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõåóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡ Èóáú åöíó ãõÊóäóÇæöáóÉñ áöÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö (2) ¡ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó (3) ÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõÚóÙøöãõåõãõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÏóÇÎöáõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÚõáöãó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " ÝóãóãúäõæÚñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö Ýöíåöãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÞõÑõæäö¡ æóåõãú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÞóÑúäò ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö. ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áöáøóÐöíäö ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö æõÏøðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ æóÚúÏñ ãöäúåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóæóÏøóÉð Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóæóÏøõæäóåõãóÇ (4) ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ (5) ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÞõÑõæäö. æóáóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÈúÛöÖõæäóåõ
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(1) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóåõæó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Çááøóåõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ äóÇÏóì ÌöÈúÑöíáó: Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøóåõ¡ ÝóíõäóÇÏöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó íõäúÒöáõ áóåõ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æõÏøðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: " æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö Èöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
(3) ä¡ Ó: æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó¡ È: æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íóæóÏøõæåõãóÇ.
(5) ã: æóåõãóÇ.(7/137)
æóíóÓõÈøõæäóåõ æóíõÞóÇÊöáõæäóåõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÞóÏú ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõãóÇ æóÓóÈøóåõãóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÇáäøóÕöíÑöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ. áóßöäú ãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÍóÈøõæÇ Ðóíúäößó (1) ÃóÝúÖóáõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÈúÛóÖõæåõãóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóÞóáøõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÈúÛóÖõæåõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæåõ åõãú ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÈúÛóÖõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÈúÊóÏöÚöíäó ÙóÇáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÔöíÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóäúÞóÕõ ãöäúåõãú ÚöáúãðÇ æóÏöíäðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÌóåúáðÇ æóÙõáúãðÇ. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÌõÚöáóÊú áöáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ. æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏö ÇÏøõÚöíóÊú (2) Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉõ æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ. Þöíáó: ÞóÏú ßóÝøóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ßõáøõåóÇ¡ æóÃóÈúÛóÖóÊúåõ ÇáúãóÑúæóÇäöíøóÉõ. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÓõÈøõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö (3) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇáË ÚÔÑ " ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãõäúÐöÑñ æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãõäúÐöÑñ æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 7] ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö " Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (5) ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÃóäóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÃõæáóÆößó.
(2) ä¡ È: ÃõÏúÛöíóÊú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 155 (ã) 156 (ã) .
(5) ß: æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.(7/138)
ÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ (1) æóÚóáöíøñ ÇáúåóÇÏöí¡ Èößó (2) íóÇ Úóáöíøõ íóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó» . æóäóÍúæõåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö (3) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ [Èöåö] (4) . æóßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö " áöáÏøóíúáóãöíøö (5) Ýöíåö ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ßóæúäöåö ÑóæóÇåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (6) ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÊóßúÐöíÈõåõ æóÑóÏøõåõ.
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(1) ß: ÃóäóÇ ÇáäøóÐöíÑõ.
(2) ß: æóÈößó.
(3) ß: Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö áóåõ.
(4) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÔõÌóÇÚò ÔöíÑóæóíúåö Èúäõ ÔóåúÑóÏóÇÑó Èúäö ÝóäóÇÎöÓúÑõæ ÇáÏøóíúáóãöíøõ ÇáúåóãóÐóÇäöíøõ¡ ãõÄóÑøöÎñ æóãõÍóÏøöËñ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 445 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 509 áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝöÑúÏóæúÓö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö " ßöÊóÇÈñ ßóÈöíÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÔóåúÑóÏóÇÑó Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ÇáúÚóÓúÞóáóÇäöíøõ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 7/111 - 112 (æóÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó íõáóÞøóÈõ ÅöáúßöíóÇ) ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/268 ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 4/313¡ ßóÔúÝö ÇáÙøõäõæäö 1254
(6) Ñóæóì ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö " Ø ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 16/357 ÝóÞóÇáó " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáÕøõæÝöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ÈóíøóÇÚõ ÇáúåóÑóæóì¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú " ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãõäúÐöÑñ æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò " æóÖóÚó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÏóåõ Úóáóì ÕóÏúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò æóÃóæúãóÃó ÈöíóÏöåö Åöáóì ãóäúßöÈö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóäúÊó ÇáúåóÇÏöí íóÇ Úóáöíøõ¡ Èößó íóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó ÈóÚúÏöí ". ÞóÇáó ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöí ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãóÍúãõæÏ ãõÍóãøóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö: " æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúÚõÑóäöíøõ ßóÃóäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ: " ÇáúÚóÑóäöíøõ " áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö " ÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóäöíøö "¡ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÑõÄóÓóÇÁö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÏõæÞò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäò: " íóÃúÊöí Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö ÈöÇáúãõáóÒøóÞóÇÊö¡ æóíóÑúæöí ÇáúãóÞúáõæÈóÇÊö æóÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑó ". ãõÊóÑúÌóãñ Ýöí ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò 1/2 \ 6 æóãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/225 æóáöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 2/98 1 æóãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ÈóíøóÇÚõ ÇáúåóÑóæóì¡ áóãú íõÐúßóÑú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö " ÈóíøóÇÚö ÇáúåóÑóæóì " Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÇáúåóÑóæóì ËöíóÇÈñ ÊõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì åóÑóÇÉó¡ æóÌóÚóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÉö¡ " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúåóÑóæóì " ÝóÃóÝúÓóÏó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÅöÝúÓóÇÏðÇ. æóãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ãóÌúåõæáñ¡ åóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÑúÌóãñ Ýöí ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò 4 248 æóãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/178¡ æóáöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 6 æóåóÐóÇ ÎóÈóÑñ åóÇáößñ ãöäú äóæóÇÍöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö " ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö " ÞóÇáóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÓóÇÞóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö æóáóÝúÙöåö æóäöÓúÈóÊöåö áöÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÃóíúÖðÇ: " ãõÚóÇÐñ äóßöÑóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÚóáøó ÇáúÂÝóÉó ãöäúåõ "¡ æóÃóÞõæáõ: Èóáö ÇáúÂÝóÉõ ãöäú ßöáóíúåöãóÇ: ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí " ãõÎúÊóÕóÑö ÇáÊøõÍúÝóÉö ÇáöÇËúäóì ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó " Õ 157(7/139)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: «ÃóäóÇ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ æóÈößó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ íóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó» ¡ ÙóÇåöÑõåõ Ãóäøóåõãú Èößó íóåúÊóÏõæäó Ïõæäöí¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÙóÇåöÑóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøöÐóÇÑóÉó æóÇáúåöÏóÇíóÉó ãóÞúÓõæãóÉñ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ äóÐöíÑñ áóÇ íõåúÊóÏóì Èöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åóÇÏò [æóåóÐóÇ] (1) áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ åóÇÏöíðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò - ÕöÑóÇØö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 52 - 53] ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌúÚóáõ ÇáúåóÇÏöí ãóäú áóãú íõæÕóÝú ÈöÐóáößó Ïõæäó ãóäú æõÕöÝó Èöåö¿ !
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " Èößó íóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó " ÙóÇåöÑõåõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäö ÇåúÊóÏóì ãöäú ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÝóÈöåö ÇåúÊóÏóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú Âãóäó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÇåúÊóÏóæúÇ Èöåö¡ æóÏóÎóáõæÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóÓúãóÚõæÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò ßóáöãóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇåúÊóÏóæúÇ Èöåö áóãú íóåúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò Ýöí ÔóíúÁò. æóßóÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÝõÊöÍóÊö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑõ æóÂãóäó æóÇåúÊóÏóì ÇáäøóÇÓõ Èöãóäú ÓóßóäóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ßóÇäó ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóãú íóÓúãóÚõæÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Èößó íóåúÊóÏöí ÇáúãõåúÊóÏõæäó¿ !
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(1) æóåóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/140)
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Þöíáó ãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó äóÐöíÑñ æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò¡ æóåõæó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáñ ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó äóÐöíÑñ æóåóÇÏò áößõáøö Þóæúãò¡ Þóæúáñ ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó äóÐöíÑñ ßóãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó äóÐöíÑñ (1) ¡ æóáößõáøö ÃõãøóÉò äóÐöíÑñ íóåúÏöíåöãú Ãóíú íóÏúÚõæåõãú (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÅöäú ãöäú ÃõãøóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÝöíåóÇ äóÐöíÑñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 24] æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ãöËúáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóÚößúÑöãóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÇáÖøõÍóì æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ (3) : " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöÔúÑñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (4) íóÒöíÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏñ¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ßõÑóíúÈò (5) ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ [æóßöíÚñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ] (6) ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó. æóãóäúÕõæÑò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÖøõÍóì: " {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãõäúÐöÑñ} (7) {æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} " ÞóÇáóÇ: ãõÍóãøóÏñ åõæó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ æóåõæó ÇáúåóÇÏöí ".
" ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ (8) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò (9) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏò: áößõáøö Þóæúãò äóÈöíøñ (10) . " ÇáúåóÇÏöí " ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (11) æóÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (12) . æóÞóÑóÃó: {æóÅöäú ãöäú ÃõãøóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÝöíåóÇ äóÐöíÑñ}
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(1) È: ßóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó äóÐöíÑðÇ.
(2) ã: íóåúÏöíåöãú æóíóÏúÚõæåõãú¡ Ó: íóåúÏöí áóåõãú Ãóíú íóÏúÚõæ áóåõãú¡ È: íóåúÏöí áóåõãú Ãóíú íóÏúÚõæ.
(3) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 16/353 - 354
(4) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö:. . ÈöÔúÑñ ÞóÇáó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
(5) ÃóÏúãóÌó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ÇáÓøóäóÏóíúäö ãóÚðÇ 20138¡ 20139
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó
(7) Ó¡ È: äóÐöíÑñ.
(8) " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ " åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 16/356 æóÝöíåö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí íõæäõÓõ.
(9) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò.
(10) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò ÞóÇáó: áößõáøö Þóæúãò äóÈöíøñ.
(11) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(12) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.(7/141)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 24] . æóÞóÑóÃó (1) : {äóÐöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÐõÑö ÇáúÃõæáóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 56] ÞóÇáó: äóÈöíøñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö. " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóÔøóÇÑñ (2) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ (3) ¡ Úóäú áóíúËò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúãõäúÐöÑõ " (4) ãõÍóãøóÏñ (5) ¡ " {æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} " ÞóÇáó: äóÈöíøñ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {íóæúãó äóÏúÚõæÇ ßõáøó ÃõäóÇÓò ÈöÅöãóÇãöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 71] ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ [åõæó] (6) ÇáøóÐöí íõÄúÊóãøõ Èöåö¡ Ãóíú íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö. æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö åõæó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÏöíåöãú¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÕóÍøõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ ÈöÚóáöíøò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÇÏöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÛóíúÑó åóÇÏöí åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóÏøóÏõ ÇáúåõÏóÇÉõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌúÚóáõ Úóáöíøñ åóÇÏöíðÇ (7) áößõáøö Þóæúãò ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó¿ !
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇåúÊöÏóÇÁó ÈöÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÊóÃúãöíÑöåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ íõåúÊóÏóì ÈöÇáúÚóÇáöãö. æóßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö: «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÝóÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» (8) " ÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó (9) ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí.
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(1) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó.
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóÔøóÇÑñ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö 16/355 æóÝöíåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò ÞóÇáó:
(3) Ó¡ È: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó.
(4) Ó¡ È: ÇáäøóÐöíÑõ.
(5) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ãõÍóãøóÏñ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(6) åõæó: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(7) ã: ÝóßóíúÝó íóÍúÕõáõ åóÇÏöíðÇ.
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÇÕöÑõ ÇáÏøóíúäö ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí " ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö " 1/78 - 79 (ÍóÏöíËõ ÑóÞúãö 58) Åöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ æóäóÞóáó ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÏóÏö. æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉó: 59¡ 60¡ 61¡ 62 Ýóåöíó ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóßõáøõåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ.
(9) ä¡ Ó: Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó¡ È: Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.(7/142)
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} äóßöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóíúÓó ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌðÇ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ.
ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: ßõáøõ Þóæúãò ÕöíÛóÉõ Úõãõæãò. æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøó åóÇÏöíðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áöáúÌóãöíÚö áóÞöíáó: áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö åóÇÏò (1) . áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: (áößõáøö Þóæúãò) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóæúãó [ÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóæúãö] (2) ¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÞõáú: áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ÃóÖóÇÝó " ßõáøðÇ " Åöáóì äóßöÑóÉò¡ áóãú íõÖöÝúåõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáößó: " ßõáøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó åõäóÇ (3) ÞóæúãðÇ æóÞóæúãðÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ßõáøó Þóæúãò áóåõãú åóÇÏò áóíúÓó åõæó åóÇÏöíó ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó ". æóåóÐóÇ íõÈúØöáõ Þóæúáó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: [Åöäøó] (4) ÇáúåóÇÏöíó åõæó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö Þóæúáö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: " åõæó Úóáöíøñ ÃóÙúåóÑõ.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÑÇÈÚ ÚÔÑ " æóÞöÝõæåõãú Åöäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞöÝõæåõãú Åöäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 24] ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò (6) Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞöÝõæåõãú Åöäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó} Úóäú æöáóÇíóÉö Úóáöíøò. æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö " Úóäú ÃóÈöí
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(1) ä¡ Ó: æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøó åóÇÏöíðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÞöíáó: áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö åóÇÏöíðÇ¡ È: æóáóæú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøó åóÇÏöíðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÞöíáó áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö åóÇÏò.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: åóÐóÇ.
(4) Åöäøó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 156 (ã) .
(6) ß: ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò.(7/143)
ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (1) . æóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóÌóÈó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ËóÇÈöÊóÉð áóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö (2) ¡ æóÇáúÚóÒúæõ Åöáóì " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö " æóÅöáóì ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö (3) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {Èóáú ÚóÌöÈúÊó æóíóÓúÎóÑõæäó - æóÅöÐóÇ ÐõßøöÑõæÇ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó - æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÂíóÉð íóÓúÊóÓúÎöÑõæäó - æóÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÓöÍúÑñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÃóÆöÐóÇ ãöÊúäóÇ æóßõäøóÇ ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ æóÚöÙóÇãðÇ ÃóÆöäøóÇ áóãóÈúÚõæËõæäó - ÃóæóÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó - Þõáú äóÚóãú æóÃóäúÊõãú ÏóÇÎöÑõæäó - ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÒóÌúÑóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú íóäúÙõÑõæäó - æóÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇæóíúáóäóÇ åóÐóÇ íóæúãõ ÇáÏøöíäö - åóÐóÇ íóæúãõ ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáøóÐöí ßõäúÊõãú Èöåö ÊõßóÐøöÈõæäó - ÇÍúÔõÑõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ æóÃóÒúæóÇÌóåõãú æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó - ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÝóÇåúÏõæåõãú Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØö ÇáúÌóÍöíãö - æóÞöÝõæåõãú Åöäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó - ãóÇ áóßõãú áóÇ ÊóäóÇÕóÑõæäó - Èóáú åõãõ Çáúíóæúãó ãõÓúÊóÓúáöãõæäó - æóÃóÞúÈóáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò íóÊóÓóÇÁóáõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøóßõãú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÃúÊõæäóäóÇ Úóäö Çáúíóãöíäö - ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáú áóãú ÊóßõæäõæÇ ãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áóäóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò Èóáú ßõäúÊõãú ÞóæúãðÇ ØóÇÛöíäó - ÝóÍóÞøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Þóæúáõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ áóÐóÇÆöÞõæäó - ÝóÃóÛúæóíúäóÇßõãú ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÛóÇæöíäó - ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóæúãóÆöÐò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ãõÔúÊóÑößõæäó - ÅöäøóÇ ßóÐóáößó äóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó - Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó áóåõãú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ íóÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó - æóíóÞõæáõæäó ÃóÆöäøóÇ áóÊóÇÑößõæ ÂáöåóÊöäóÇ áöÔóÇÚöÑò ãóÌúäõæäò - Èóáú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÕóÏøóÞó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó}
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(1) ß: Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö.
(3) Ýöí " ãõÎúÊóÕóÑö ÇáÊøõÍúÝóÉö ÇáöÇËúäóì ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó "¡ ". . æóåóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ æóÇÞöÚóÉñ Ýöí ÝöÑúÏóæúÓö ÇáÏøóíúáóãöíøö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö áöáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö ÇáúæóÇåöíóÉö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÓóäóÏöåóÇ ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁõ æóÇáúãóÌóÇåöíáõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõæäó.(7/144)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 12 - 37] .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ Úóäö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó Èöíóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íõÓúÃóáõæäó Úóäú ÊóæúÍöíÏö Çááøóåö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÑõÓõáöåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö. æóÃóíøõ ãóÏúÎóáò áöÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÓõÄóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÊõÑóÇåõãú áóæú ÃóÍóÈøõæåõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÔøöÑúßö ÃóßóÇäó Ðóáößó íóäúÝóÚõåõãú Ãóæú ÊõÑóÇåõãú áóæú ÃóÈúÛóÖõæåõ Ãóíúäó ßóÇäó ÈõÛúÖõåõãú áóåõ Ýöí ÈõÛúÖöåöãú áöÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóáößöÊóÇÈöåö æóÏöíäöåö¿
æóãóÇ íõÝóÓøöÑõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ - ÅöáøóÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ ãõáúÍöÏñ ãõÊóáóÇÚöÈñ ÈöÇáÏøöíäö ÞóÇÏöÍñ Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ãóæú ãõÝúÑöØñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö¡ áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ æóÃóíøõ ÝóÑúÞò Èóíúäó ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÓóÚúÏò æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¿ !
æóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: Åöäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó Úóäú ÍõÈøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ áóãú íóßõäú Þóæúáõåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö (1) ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÃóÑúÌóÍõ¡ Èóáú ÏóáóÇáóÊõåóÇ (2) Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊöåöãóÇ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåöãóÇ (3) ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ (4) Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÍõÈøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÞúæóì.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ " ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó " áóÝúÙñ ãõØúáóÞñ áóãú íõæÕóáú [Èöåö] ÖóãöíÑñ (5) íóÎõÕøõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÐößúÑó ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáöåöãú Úóäú ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä: ÏóáóÇáóÊõåõãóÇ.
(3) Ó: Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊöåóÇ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåóÇ¡ ã: Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊöåóÇ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) .
(5) ä¡ Ó: áóãú íõæÕóáö ÇáÖøóãöíÑõ¡ È: áóãú íõæÕóáú ÈöÖóãöíÑò.(7/145)
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÏøóÚóì ãõÏøóÚò Ãóäøóåõãú ãóÓúÆõæáõæäó Úóäú ÍõÈøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ áóãú íóßõäú (1) ÅöÈúØóÇáõ Ðóáößó ÈöæóÌúåò ÅöáøóÇ æóÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóäú ÍõÈøö Úóáöíøò ÃóÞúæóì æóÃóÙúåóÑõ.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÎÇãÓ ÚÔÑ " æóáóÊóÚúÑöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÊóÚúÑöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 30] . Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò (3) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú (4) ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÊóÚúÑöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö} ÞóÇáó: ÈöÈõÛúÖöåöãú ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóíóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö ÃóæøóáðÇ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (5) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóæú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ ÝóãõÌóÑøóÏõ Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò Þóæúáõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈñ ÂÎóÑõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: áóãú íõãúßöäú.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 156 (ã) .
(3) ß: ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ.
(4) ß: Åöáóì.
(5) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÉö: " æóáóÊóÚúÑöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ": Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ íóÈúÏõæ ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåöãõ ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ãóÞóÇÕöÏöåöãú¡ íóÝúåóãõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãó ãöäú Ãóíøö ÇáúÍöÒúÈóíúäö åõæó ÈöãóÚóÇäöí ßóáóÇãöåö æóÝóÍúæóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÝøóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ãóÇ ÃóÓóÑøó ÃóÍóÏñ ÓóÑöíÑóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈúÏóÇåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÕóÝóÍóÇÊö æóÌúåöåö æóÝóáóÊóÇÊö áöÓóÇäöåö. æóÇäúÙõÑú: ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 7/411(7/146)
Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÞóÏúÍõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÍúÊõÌøó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ áóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÂÎóÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÃóäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó áóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõæäó Èöåö ãöäú (1) áóÍúäö ÇáúÞóæúáö åõæó ÈõÛúÖó Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÝöÑúíóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉð áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú * æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ æóßóÇäó ÈõÛúÖõåõãú áöÚõãóÑó ÃóÔóÏøó * (2) .
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÂíóÉõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÍõÈøõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö (3) ¡ æóÂíóÉõ ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÈõÛúÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö» . æóÞóÇáó: «áóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÑóÌõáñ íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö» (4) . ÝóßóÇäó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó Ýöí áóÍúäöåöãú ÈöÈõÛúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ãóæúáóì.
ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃóÕóÍøõ ãöãøóÇ íõÑúæóì «Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: [Åöäøóåõ] (5) áóÚóåúÏõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáúÃõãøöíøö Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ æóáóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ» . ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Úóäú ÒöÑøö Èúäö ÍõÈóíúÔò Úóäú Úóáöíøò (6) ¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýöí.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ¡ æóáóßöäú ÝöíåóÇ ÝóßóÇäó ÈõÛúÖõåõãú ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ó) æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÈõÛúÖõåõãú áöÚõãóÑó ÃóÔóÏøó¡ æóÝöí (È) æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóæúäó ãöäúåõ ÝóßóÇäó ÈõÛúÖõåõãú áöÚõãóÑó ÃóÔóÏøó.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/297
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/297
(5) Åöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) (È) .
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/396(7/147)
ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ßõáøõåõãú: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÚúáóãõæäó íóÞöíäðÇ (1) Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÞóÇáóåõ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò ÞóÏú Ôóßøó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÂíóÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö ËóáóÇËñ: ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ßóÐóÈó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ æóÚóÏó ÃóÎúáóÝó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÆúÊõãöäó ÎóÇäó» (2) . ÝóåóÐöåö ÚóáóÇãóÇÊñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÍõÈøö ÔóÎúÕò Ãóæú ØóÇÆöÝóÉò æóáóÇ ÈõÛúÖöåöãú¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÇÊö. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áöáøóåö ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö áöáøóåö¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ; áöÃóäøóåõãú äóÕóÑõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ æóãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó áöãóÇ Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö ; Ýóåõæó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó Ãóæú ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõãú áöÃóãúÑò ØóÈöíÚöíøò ãöËúáö ÞóÑóÇÈóÉò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ßóãóÍóÈøóÉö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóãóäú ÛóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Ãóæú Ýöí Úóáöíøò Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö Ãóæú Ýöí äóÈöíøò ÝóÃóÍóÈøóåõ æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ýöíåö ÝóæúÞó ãóÑúÊóÈóÊöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÍöÈøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ãóÇ áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ¡ ßóÍõÈøö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì áöáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ áóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ ÇáúÍõÈøõ áöáøóåö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÍõÈøõ ãóÚó Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐõ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÍõÈøðÇ áöáøóåö}
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(1) íóÞöíäðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/82(7/148)
æóãóäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÃóãúÑðÇ íõæÌöÈõ (1) ÈõÛúÖóåõ ÝóÃóÈúÛóÖóåõ áöÐóáößó¡ ßóÇäó ÖóÇáøðÇ ãõÎúØöÆðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ ÈöÐóáößó. æóßóÐóáößó ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõØóÇÈöÞò¡ æóÙóäøó Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ Ãóæú ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ ÝóÃóÈúÛóÖóåõ áöÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÙóÇáöãðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøóäõ Èöåö ßóÐöÈõ ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÈõÛúÖöåöãú Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò " ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíó ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÈõØúáóÇäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúíö Úóáóì [ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÎúÝóì ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì] (2) ÌóÇÈöÑò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåö.
ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú ÃõãõæÑðÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ ÈõÛúÖõ Úóáöíøò.
ßóÞóæúáöåö (3) {æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÇÆúÐóäú áöí æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÊöäøöí ÃóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÓóÞóØõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 49] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóáúãöÒõßó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö ÝóÅöäú ÃõÚúØõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÖõæÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúØóæúÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ åõãú íóÓúÎóØõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 58] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄúÐõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóíóÞõæáõæäó åõæó ÃõÐõäñ Þõáú ÃõÐõäõ ÎóíúÑò áóßõãú íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 61] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÚóÇåóÏó Çááøóåó áóÆöäú ÂÊóÇäóÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåö áóäóÕøóÏøóÞóäøó æóáóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó}
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(1) È: ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóßóÞóæúáöåö(7/149)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 75] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö {æóÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 77] . Åöáóì ÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íóÕöÝõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó (1) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÚóáóÇãóÇÊöåöãú æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÉó áöáäøöÝóÇÞö.
æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáäøöÝóÇÞö Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóÇãóÉñ áóåõ. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ áöÚóÇÞöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóãú íóßõäú áöáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÚóáóÇãóÉñ [íõÚúÑóÝõæäó ÈöåóÇ] (2) ÛóíúÑõ (3) ÈõÛúÖö Úóáöíøò¿ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÊöåöãõ ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÝõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÍóÇÝöÙõæÇ Úóáóì [åóÄõáóÇÁö] (4) ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö ÍóíúËõ íõäóÇÏóì Èöåöäøó (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõäøó ãöäú Óõäóäö ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó (6) ÔóÑóÚó áöäóÈöíøöåö Óõäóäó ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÅöäøóßõãú áóæú ÕóáøóíúÊõãú Ýöí ÈõíõæÊößõãú ßóãóÇ íõÕóáøöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÊóÎóáøöÝõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö áóÊóÑóßúÊõãú ÓõäøóÉó äóÈöíøößõãú¡ (7) æóáóæú ÊóÑóßúÊõãú ÓõäøóÉó äóÈöíøößõãú (8) áóÖóáóáúÊõãú¡ æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõäóÇ æóãóÇ íóÊóÎóáøóÝõ ÚóäúåóÇ (9) ÅöáøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóáóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÄúÊóì Èöåö íõåóÇÏóì Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇãó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝøö (10) "
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáøóÊöí æõÕöÝó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó.
(2) íõÚúÑóÝõæäó ÈöåóÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) ã: ÅöáøóÇ.
(4) åóÄõáóÇÁö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) Ó¡ È: Åöáóíúåöäøó.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇááøóåõ.
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(8) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(9) ä¡ Ó: ãöäúåóÇ.
(10) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/453 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ãöäú Óõäóäö ÇáúåõÏóì) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö 256¡ 257¡ æóåõæó ãõØóæøóáñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑøóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: (ãóäú ÓóÑøóåõ Ãóäú íóáúÞóì Çááøóåó ÛóÏðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ ÝóáúíõÍóÇÝöÙú Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÍóíúËõ íõäóÇÏóì Èöåöäøó) æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/255 - 216 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/84 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÍóíúËõ íõäóÇÏóì Èöåöäøó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/255 - 256 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÔúíö Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 1/382¡ 414 - 415¡ 419¡ 455(7/150)
æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö æóÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåö áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóÙúåóÑó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõæÌóÏó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÛóáöíÙö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÔöÚóÇÑõ Ïöíäöåöãú " ÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉõ " ÇáøóÊöí åöíó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉõ ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóßõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÌóãúÚóÇäö ÝóÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö æóáöíóÚúáóãó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóáöíóÚúáóãó ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÇÝóÞõæÇ æóÞöíáó áóåõãú ÊóÚóÇáóæúÇ ÞóÇÊöáõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö Ãóæö ÇÏúÝóÚõæÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóæú äóÚúáóãõ ÞöÊóÇáðÇ áóÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇßõãú åõãú áöáúßõÝúÑö íóæúãóÆöÐò ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäúåõãú áöáúÅöíãóÇäö íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÃóÝúæÇåöåöãú ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ íóßúÊõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 166 - 167] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÍúáöÝõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ æóáóÞóÏú ÞóÇáõæÇ ßóáöãóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåöãú æóåóãøõæÇ ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóäóÇáõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 74] (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ ÝóÒóÇÏóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ãóÑóÖðÇ æóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 10] æóÝöíåóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊóÇäö (2) : íóßúÐöÈõæäó¡ æóíõßóÐøöÈõæäó (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö [ÝóÚóáóÇãóÇÊõ] (4) ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ãöËúáõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÎöíóÇäóÉö æóÅöÎúáóÇÝö (5) ÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúÛóÏúÑö áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåöãõ ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÛúÏöÑõæäó ÈöÚóáöíøò æóÈöÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö
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(2) Ó¡ È: ÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊñ.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/284
(4) ÝóÚóáóÇãóÇÊõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ä¡ Ó: æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ ã: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó.(7/151)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÑúÈóÚñ ãóäú ßõäøó Ýöíåö ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö ÎóÕúáóÉñ ãöäúåõäøó ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö ÎóÕúáóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö ÍóÊøóì íóÏóÚóåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ßóÐóÈó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ æóÚóÏó ÃóÎúáóÝó (1) ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇåóÏó ÛóÏóÑó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÕóãó ÝóÌóÑó» (2) . æóåóÐóÇ áöÈóÓúØöåö ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉó áöáäøöÝóÇÞö ÅöáøóÇ ÈõÛúÖõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÈõÛúÖóåõ ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö: «áóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ» (3) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÊóæúÌöíåõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú Úóáöãó ãóÇ ÞóÇãó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ.
æóäöÝóÇÞõ ãóäú íõÈúÛöÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÞóÈöíáóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ áóåõãú ãóÏöíäóÉñ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÈóæøóÁõæÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑó æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ æóÈöÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö Åöáóì ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÚóÒøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÙúåóÑó Ãóåúáõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõãú ãöäú äóÕúÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöÃóåúáö ãóÏöíäóÉò ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ áöÞóÈöíáóÉò ÓöæóÇåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóáóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÈõÛúÖö ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ãöäú ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáäøöÝóÇÞö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö. æóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÃóÔóÏøó ÚóÏóÇæóÉð áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøó ÊóÃúËöíÑóåõ Ýöí äóÕúÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÅöÚúÒóÇÒöåö
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(1) ã: ÎóáóÝó.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/375
(3) Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " Åöäøóåõ áóÚóåúÏõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáúÃõãøöíøö: áóÇ íõÍöÈøõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõäöí. . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/296(7/152)
æóÅöÐúáóÇáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÊóÃúËöíÑö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö íõÈúÛöÖõæäóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ íõÈúÛöÖõ Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõãøóÊóåõ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÈõÛúÖðÇ áöáÑøóÓõæáö æóÏöíäöåö æóÃõãøóÊöåö. æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí æóíóÕõæãõ æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ æóÞóÊóáóåõ ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÞóÊúáó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãóÍóÈøóÉð áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö - Ýöí ÒóÚúãöåö - æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÖóÇáøðÇ ãõÈúÊóÏöÚðÇ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøöÝóÇÞó Ýöí ÈõÛúÖö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÈõÛúÖö Úóáöíøò. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö äöÝóÇÞðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÓóãøõæäó ÚõãóÑó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æóßóÇäõæÇ íõæóÇáõæäó ÃóÈóÇ áõÄúáõÄóÉó - ÞóÇÊóáóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãöäú ÃóßúÝöÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÃóÚúÙóãöåöãú ÚóÏóÇæóÉð áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö (1) .
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÏÓ ÚÔÑ " æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈõæäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó - ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö: 10 - 11] (3) . Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò (4) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (5) Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: ÓóÇÈöÞõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö
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(1) ä: æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ó¡ È: æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 156¡ (ã) ¡ 157 (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: " ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóåóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö " " æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈõæäó ".
(4) ß: ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó:.(7/153)
Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. Ñóæóì (1) ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (2) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó} ÞóÇáó: ÓóÈóÞó íõæÔóÚõ Èúäõ äõæäò Åöáóì ãõæÓóì¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ãõæÓóì Åöáóì åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÕóÇÍöÈõ íÓ Åöáóì ÚöíÓóì¡ æóÓóÈóÞó Úóáöíøñ Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (3) . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉõ áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó (4) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ßóËöíÑñ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóáóæú ÕóÍøó Úóäúåõ (5) áóãú íóßõäú ÍõÌøóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ãóäú åõæó ÃóÞúæóì ãöäúåõ (6) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ æóÃóÚóÏøó áóåõãú ÌóäøóÇÊò ÊóÌúÑöí ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 100]
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(1) ß: æóÑóæóì.
(2) È: ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ß: ÓóÈóÞó íõæÔóÚõ Èúäõ äõæäò Åöáóì ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ãõæÓóì Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ íÓ Åöáóì ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.
(4) ß: Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó.
(5) Úóäúåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) ÞóÇáó ÔóÇåú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáÏøóåúáóæöíøõ (ãõÎúÊóÕóÑõ ÇáÊøõÍúÝóÉö ÇáöÇËúäóì ÚóÔúÑöíøóÉó Õ 158 - 159) " æóãóÏóÇÑõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøõ: åõæó ÔöíÚöíøñ ãóÊúÑõæßõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ ÅöÐú Ýöíåö ãöäú ÃóãóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúæóÖúÚö Ãóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó íóÇÓöíäó áóãú íóßõäú Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÚöíÓóì Èóáú ÈöÑõÓõáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö äóÕøõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. . . ÅöáóÎú ".(7/154)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóËúäóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÕúØóÝóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ÙóÇáöãñ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóãöäúåõãú ãõÞúÊóÕöÏñ æóãöäúåõãú ÓóÇÈöÞñ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 32] .
æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáó æóÏóÎóáó Ýöíåöãú Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóáúÝò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÓóÇÈöÞó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÇÍöÏñ¿ !
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Þóæúáõåõ: " æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉõ áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " ãóãúäõæÚñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãõÊóäóÇÒöÚõæäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó¡ ÝóÞöíáó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÓúÈóÞõ ÅöÓúáóÇãðÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáóåõ. áóßöäú Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ¡ æóÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøö Ýöíåö äöÒóÇÚñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö. æóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÅöÓúáóÇãó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóßúãóáõ æóÃóäúÝóÚõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó Ãóßúãóáó ÓóÈúÞðÇ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÃóÓúÈóÞó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: Úóáöíøñ ÃóÓúÈóÞõ ãöäúåõ ÈöáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉò ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÝóÖøóáóÊö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó (1) ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ æóáóãú ÊóÏõáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÓúÈóÞó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ - Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ãöäúßõãú ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáó ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóßõáøðÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍõÓúäóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 10] ¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóÈóÞõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÊúÍó ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó
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(1) Ó¡ È: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉó áöáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó.(7/155)
Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÓúÈöÞõ (1) Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóäú ÓóÈóÞóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöãøóäú ÃóÓúáóãó ÈóÚúÏó ÊöÓúÚóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ æóÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóØøõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó æóäóÍúæóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó ÚõãóÑó. æóáóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóäú íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö [ÇáúÚöáúãö] (2) : Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó ÚõãóÑó.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÖúáõ ÈöÇáÓøóÈúÞö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÝóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÎóÕøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÌóÇåöÏú ÞóÈúáóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ: áóÇ ÈöíóÏöåö æóáóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöäú Íöíäö Âãóäó ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö íõäúÝöÞõ ãóÇáóåõ æóíõÌóÇåöÏõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ ÝóÇÔúÊóÑóì ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó Ýöí Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóßóÇäó íõÌóÇåöÏõ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö (3) æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö (4) . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÇåöÏúåõãú Èöåö ÌöåóÇÏðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 52] ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÓúÈóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóßúãóáóåõãú Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáúãóÇáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: «Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíøó (5) Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóÐóÇÊö íóÏöåö - ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò» (6) . æóÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÐóÇÊõ ÇáúíóÏö åõæó ÇáúãóÇáõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãóäøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáúãóÇáö.
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(1) ã: ÓóÈóÞó.
(2) ÇáúÚöáúãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã) .
(5) ã¡ Ó¡ È: ÚóáóíúäóÇ.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512 - 513(7/156)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÈÚ ÚÔÑ " ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóåóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóåóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö} ÇáúÂíóÇÊö [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 20] . Ñóæóì ÑóÒöíäõ Èúäõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó (2) Ýöí " ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö " ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò áóãøóÇ ÇÝúÊóÎóÑó ØóáúÍóÉõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ. æóåóÐöåö áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú (3) áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó (4) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóÑóÒöíäñ (5) ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö áóíúÓó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú ÑóÒöíäò¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ (6) «ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÈóÔöíÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ãöäúÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ: áóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÚúãóáó ÚóãóáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÓúÞöíó ÇáúÍóÇÌøó. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ áóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÚúãóáó ÚóãóáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú
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(1) Ýöí (ß) ¡ Õ 157 (ã) .
(2) ß: ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
(3) ß: æóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú.
(4) ä¡ Ó¡ È: Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáó.
(5) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÑóÒöíäõ Èúäõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÚóãøóÇÑò ÇáúÚóÈúÏóÑöíøõ ÇáÓøóÑóÞõÓúØöíøõ ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓöíøõ¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 535 æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóãöäú ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö " ÇáÊøóÌúÑöíÏõ áöáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö " ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 4/106 ÑóæúÖóÇÊö ÇáúÌóäøóÇÊö¡ Õ 286¡ ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 4/155 - 156¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/46
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÇ Ñóæóì.(7/157)
ÃõÚóãøöÑó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÇáúÍóÑóÇãó. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóÇ ÞõáúÊõãú. ÝóÒóÌóÑóåõãú ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÑúÝóÚõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÇÊóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ãöäúÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóåõæó íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊõ ÇáúÌõãúÚóÉó ÏóÎóáúÊõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÝúÊóíúÊõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝúÊõãú Ýöíåö. ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÌóÚóáúÊõãú ÓöÞóÇíóÉó ÇáúÍóÇÌøö æóÚöãóÇÑóÉó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ßóãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö æóÌóÇåóÏó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö} ÇáúÂíóÉó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåóÇ» (1) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 19] ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó Þóæúáó Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÖøóáó Èöåö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÏóÇäóÉö æóÇáÓøöÞóÇíóÉö - ÃóÕóÍøõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóäú ÝóÖøóáó ÇáÓøóÏóÇäóÉó æóÇáÓøöÞóÇíóÉó¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãöãøóäú äóÇÒóÚóåõ ÝöíåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóÚõãóÑõ ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞó ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÃõãõæÑò¡ íóÞõæáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóíóäúÒöáõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö. «ÞóÇáó áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóæö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊó ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú: {æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 125] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó äöÓóÇÁóßó íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúåöäøó ÇáúÈóÑøõ æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóãóÑúÊóåõäøó ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö. æóÞóÇáó: {ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøõåõ Åöäú ØóáøóÞóßõäøó Ãóäú íõÈúÏöáóåõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌðÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúßõäøó ãõÓúáöãóÇÊò ãõÄúãöäóÇÊò ÞóÇäöÊóÇÊò ÊóÇÆöÈóÇÊò} ¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ßóÐóáößó» (3) . æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÊóÕúæöíÈö Úóáöíøò Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ËóÇÈöÊñ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóåóÇÌóÑõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åóÇåõäóÇ ÝóÖöíáóÉñ ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÈöåóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö.
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(1) Ó¡ È: ÅöáóÎú.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ÈóÔöíÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1449 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/269 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/25 - 26
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 6/22 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " æóÇÝóÞúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò ". . .(7/158)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÈöãóÒöíøóÉò ÝóåóÐöåö áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãõæÌöÈóÉð áöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãõØúáóÞðÇ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóÖöÑó áóãøóÇ Úóáöãó ËóáóÇËó ãóÓóÇÆöáó áóãú íóÚúáóãúåóÇ ãõæÓóì áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ãõæÓóì ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÇáúåõÏúåõÏõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó: {ÃóÍóØÊõ ÈöãóÇ áóãú ÊõÍöØú Èöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 22] áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóãú íóÚúáóãúåóÇ¿ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÚöáúãöåóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÈóØóáó ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö. Èóáú ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäøó ÌöåóÇÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöãóÇáöåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÌöåóÇÏö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ãõæÓöÑðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáñ ßóãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» (1) æóÚóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÌöåóÇÏðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ - Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì (2) -.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇãä ÚÔÑ " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÇÌóíúÊõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÞóÏøöãõæÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú äóÌúæóÇßõãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÇÌóíúÊõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÞóÏøöãõæÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú äóÌúæóÇßõãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð}
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/21 æóÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/270 - 271 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. .¡ ÈóÇÈõ 52) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ãóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÚöäúÏóäóÇ íóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ßóÇÝóíúäóÇåõ¡ ãóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ íóÏðÇ íõßóÇÝöíåö Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáõ ÃóÍóÏò ÞóØøõ ãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú Îóáöíáõ Çááøóåö ". ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
(2) Ó¡ È: Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
(3) Ýöí (ß) 157 (ã) .(7/159)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: 12] (1) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÍóÑøóãó ßóáóÇãó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö¡ æóÈóÎöáõæÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ßóáóÇãöåö¡ æóÊóÕóÏøóÞó Úóáöíøñ¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ßóÇäó áóÚóáöíøò ËóáóÇËóÉñ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú áöí æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ãöäúåõäøó ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÍõãõÑö ÇáäøóÚóãö: ÊóÒúæöíÌõåõ ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóÅöÚúØóÇÄõåõ (2) ÇáÑøóÇíóÉó íóæúãó ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóÂíóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúæóì.
æóÑóæóì ÑóÒöíäõ Èúäõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýöí " ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö " Úóäú Úóáöíøò: ãóÇ Úóãöáó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÛóíúÑöí¡ æóÈöí ÎóÝøóÝó Çááøóåõ (3) Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÊöåö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö " (4) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÊóÕóÏøóÞó æóäóÇÌóì¡ Ëõãøó äõÓöÎóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÈöåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ (5) ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó áóãú ÊõæÌöÈö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ áóßöäú ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ äóÇÌóæúÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõæÇ¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íõäóÇÌö áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞó. æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúãõäóÇÌóÇÉõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ãóáõæãðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú (6) ÚóÇÌöÒðÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö æóáóßöäú áóæú ÞóÏóÑó áóäóÇÌóì
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(1) ß:. . ÕóÏóÞóÉð ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(2) ß: æóÅöÚúØóÇÁõ.
(3) áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö áóíúÓó Ýöí Ó¡ (È) .
(4) ß: Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
(5) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÂíóÉö 12 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: " æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúãóáú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÞóÈúáó äóÓúÎöåóÇ Óöæóì Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ "¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ. . . äóÌúæóÇßõãú ÕóÏóÞóÉð - Åöáóì - ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ) . ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íõÞóÏøöãõæäó Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáäøóÌúæóì ÕóÏóÞóÉð¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ äõÓöÎó åóÐóÇ ".
(6) È: ãöäúåõãú.(7/160)
ÝóÊóÕóÏøóÞó¡ Ýóáóåõ äöíøóÊõåõ æóÃóÌúÑõåõ¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÖú áóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ íõäóÇÌöí áöÃóÌúáöåö áóãú íõÌúÚóáú äóÇÞöÕðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ãóäú ÚóÑóÖó áóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ ÇÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúãõäóÇÌóÇÉó ÝóÊóÑóßóåõ ÈõÎúáðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøó. æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÔúåóÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÊõåõãú (1) ÍóÇÖöÑöíäó ÚöäúÏó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ Èóáú íõãúßöäõ ÛóíúÈóÉõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóíõãúßöäõ ÍóÇÌóÉõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóíõãúßöäõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúãõäóÇÌóÇÉö.
æóáóãú íóØõáú ÒóãóÇäõ ÚóÏóãö äóÓúÎö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÇáÒøóãóÇäó ÇáØøóæöíáó áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÊóÚúÑöÖó Ýöíåö ÍóÇÌóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúãõäóÇÌóÇÉö.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÊóÑúßó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò Ãóäøó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ãóäú ÃóÕúÈóÍó ãöäúßõãõ Çáúíóæúãó ÕóÇÆöãðÇ¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: " Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚó ãöäúßõãú ÌöäóÇÒóÉð¿ " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: " åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÚóÇÏó ãóÑöíÖðÇ¿ " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: " åóáú Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöÕóÏóÞóÉò¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÃóäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó áöÚóÈúÏò åóÐöåö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáõ ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» (2) . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ áóãú íõäúÞóáú ãöËúáõåóÇ áöÚóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí íóæúãò.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÒóæúÌóíúäö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÏõÚöíó ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÎóíúÑñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú
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(1) È: Ãóäøóåõãú ËóáóÇËóÊõåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 2/713 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÌóãóÚó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó æóÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÈöÑøö) .(7/161)
Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÏõÚöíó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÏõÚöíó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÏõÚöíó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóãóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú íõÏúÚóì ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ßõáøöåóÇ ãöäú ÖóÑõæÑóÉò¡ Ýóåóáú íõÏúÚóì ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ßõáøöåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäúåõãú» (1) . æóáóãú íõÐúßóÑú åóÐóÇ áöÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÑóÌõáñ íóÓõæÞõ ÈóÞóÑóÉð ÞóÏú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊóÊú Åöáóíúåö (2) ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøöí áóãú ÃõÎúáóÞú áöåóÐóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøöí ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎõáöÞúÊõ áöáúÍóÑúËö ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÈóÞóÑóÉñ ÊóÊóßóáøóãõ! ! ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: * ÝóÅöäøöí ÃõÄúãöäõ Èöåö ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ " æó [ãóÇ] åõãóÇ Ëóãøó» (3) . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - * (4) : «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÑóÇÚò Ýöí Ûóäóãöåö ÚóÏóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóÇÉð¡ ÝóØóáóÈóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÚöí ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóäúÞóÐóåóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú áóåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈõÚö¡ íóæúãó áóíúÓó [áóåóÇ] (5) ÑóÇÚò ÛóíúÑöí¿ ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö! ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÝóÅöäøöí ÃõÄúãöäõ ÈöÐóáößó: ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ " æóåõãóÇ Ëóãøó» (6) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/24 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóíøóÇäö áöáÕøóÇÆöãöíäó) 4/26 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö) 4/119 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÉö ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö) 5/6 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ. . .) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/711 - 713 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÌóãóÚó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó æóÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÈöÑøö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/376 - 277 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. . .¡ ÈóÇÈõ 60) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(2) ä: ÇáúÊóÝóÊóÊú Åöáóíúåö¡ ã: ÇáúÊóÝóÊóÊú Úóáóíúåö.
(3) ä: æóåõãóÇ Ëóãøó.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) .
(5) áóåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) (È) .
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÔöÞøóíúåö ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3 - 104 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæößóÇáóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÈóÞóÑö áöáúÍöÑóÇËóÉö) 4/174 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö) 5/5 - 6 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ) ãõÓúáöãò 4/1857 - 1858 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/279 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÞúãö 64) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 13/71(7/162)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ãóÇ äóÝóÚóäöí ãóÇáñ ßóãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» (1) . æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö¡ áóãú íõÔúÑößúåõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: «Åöäøó Ãóãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóãóÇáöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ÎóáöíáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÑóÈøöí áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÃõÎõæøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóæóÏøóÊõåõ. áóÇ íóÈúÞóíóäøó ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÅöáøóÇ ÓõÏøó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÇÈó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» (2) .
æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: " ÃóãóÇ Åöäøóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí» (3)
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò (Õ 159
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò (Õ 156
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/295 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö) ¡ æóäóÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " ÃóÊóÇäöí ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöí¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇäöí ÈóÇÈó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏúÎõáõ ãöäúåõ ÃõãøóÊöí ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãóÚóßó ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÙõÑó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÃóãóÇ Åöäøóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí ". ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: " ÃóÈõæ ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáÏøóÇáóÇäöíøõ: ÇÓúãõåõ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóËøóÞóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó äóÍúæõåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ æóÇÝóÞó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáúãõÚúÖöáóÇÊö "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: Î ã (Ãóíú Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò) ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíøõ Úóäúåõ "¡ æóáóßöäú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö¡ æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 1/71.(7/163)
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÓõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó «Úóäú ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÑóäóÇ (1) ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú äóÊóÕóÏøóÞó¡ ÝóæóÇÝóÞó (2) ãöäøöí ãóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Çáúíóæúãó ÃóÓúÈöÞõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Åöäú ÓóÈóÞúÊõåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌöÆúÊõ ÈöäöÕúÝö ãóÇáöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ãóÇ ÃóÈúÞóíúÊó áöÃóåúáößó¿ " ÞõáúÊõ: ãöËúáõåõ. æóÃóÊóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ ãóÇ ÃóÈúÞóíúÊó áöÃóåúáößó¿ " ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ ÃõÓóÇÈöÞõåõ Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÃóÈóÏðÇ» (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐú ÃóÞúÈóáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÂÎöÐðÇ ÈöØóÑóÝö ËóæúÈöåö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÈúÏóì Úóäú ÑõßúÈóÊöåö (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõßõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÇãóÑó ÝóÓóáöãó ". æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ (5) ßóÇäó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÃóÓúÑóÚúÊõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó äóÏöãúÊõ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Ãóäú íóÛúÝöÑó áöí¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíøó¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáúÊõ Åöáóíúßó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ËóáóÇËðÇ. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó äóÏöãó¡ ÝóÃóÊóì ãóäúÒöáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó (6) : ÃóËóãøó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö] (7) ÝóÌóÚóáó æóÌúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÊóãóÚøóÑõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÝóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÌóËóÇ Úóáóì ÑõßúÈóÊóíúåö¡ æóÞóÇáó:
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(1) ã: ÃóãóÑó.
(2) ã: æóæóÇÝóÞó.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/52
(4) Ó: ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÈúÏóì Úóäú ÑõßúÈóÊóíúåö.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Åöäøöí.
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(7) ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(7/164)
íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ [æóÇááøóåö] (1) ÃóäóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóÙúáóãó¡ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÈóÚóËóäöí Åöáóíúßõãú ÝóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÐóÈúÊó (2) . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÕóÏóÞó (3) ¡ æóæóÇÓóÇäöí ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóãóÇáöåö¡ Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÇÑößõæäó áöí ÕóÇÍöÈöí¿ Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÇÑößõæäó áöí ÕóÇÍöÈöí¿ ÝóãóÇ ÃõæÐöíó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ " æóÝöí áóÝúÙò ÂÎóÑó: " [Åöäøöí] (4) ÞõáúÊõ [: ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ] (5) Åöäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Åöáóíúßõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÐóÈúÊó. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÕóÏóÞúÊó» (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: «áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÞóæúãò Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóäú íóÄõãøóåõãú ÛóíúÑõåõ» (7) .
æóÊóÌúåöíÒõ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÃóáúÝö ÈóÚöíÑò ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÕóÏóÞóÉö Úóáöíøò ÈößóËöíÑò ßóËöíÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞó Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ßóÇäó ÝóÑúÖðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÃóãóÇãó ÇáäøóÌúæóì ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÔúÑõæØñ Èöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÇáäøóÌúæóì (8) ¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íõÑöÏúåóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: {æóíõÄúËöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóáóæú ßóÇäó Èöåöãú ÎóÕóÇÕóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 9]
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(1) æóÇááøóåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ã: ßóÐóÈó.
(3) á Ó¡ È: ÕóÏóÞúÊó.
(4) Åöäøöí: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(5) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(6) ä: ÕóÏóÞó¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/5 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ) 6/60 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö¡ ÈóÇÈõ " Þõáú íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ") æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 26
(7) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/276 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÞúãö 59) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö " 3/373 æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö " 6/96 " ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ ".
(8) Ó¡ È: ÈöãõÑöíÏö ÇáäøóÌúæóì.(7/165)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: «ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ãóÌúåõæÏñ. ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖö äöÓóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: æóÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËóßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö äóÈöíøðÇ (1) ãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇÁñ. Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÃõÎúÑóì ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì Þõáúäó ßõáøõåõäøó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó: áóÇ (2) æóÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËóßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇÁñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóäú íõÖöíÝõåõ åóÐöåö ÇááøóíúáóÉó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¿ " ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. æóÇäúØóáóÞó (3) Èöåö Åöáóì ÑóÍúáöåö (4) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö: åóáú ÚöäúÏóßó ÔóíúÁñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: áóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÞõæÊõ ÕöÈúíóÇäöäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÝóÚóáøöáöíåöãú ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÖóíúÝõäóÇ ÝóÃóØúÝöÆöí ÇáÓøöÑóÇÌó¡ æóÃóÑöíåö ÃóäøóÇ äóÃúßõáõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ãóåúæóì (5) áöíóÃúßõáó (6) ÝóÞõæãöí Åöáóì ÇáÓøöÑóÇÌö ÍóÊøóì ÊõØúÝöÆöíåö (7) . ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÚóÏõæÇ [ÝóÃóßóáó ÇáÖøóíúÝõ] (8) ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÛóÏóÇ Úóáóì (9) ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÞóÏú ÚóÌöÈó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÕõäúÚößõãóÇ ÈöÖóíúÝößõãóÇ ÇááøóíúáóÉó ". æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÝóäóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: {æóíõÄúËöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóáóæú ßóÇäó Èöåöãú ÎóÕóÇÕóÉñ} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 9] ) (10) .
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(1) ã: äóÈöíøðÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó.
(4) ã: ÑóÇÍöáöåö.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ åóæóì.
(6) áöíóÃúßõáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) .
(7) ä¡ Ó: ÊõØúÝöíåö.
(8) ÝóÃóßóáó ÇáÖøóíúÝõ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(9) ã: Åöáóì.
(10) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò íóÓöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ " æóíõÄúËöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóáóæú ßóÇäó Èöåöãú ÎóÕóÇÕóÉñ ") 6/148 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÈóÇÈõ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÔúÑö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1624 - 1625 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅößúÑóÇãö ÇáÖøóíúÝö æóÝóÖúáö ÅöíËóÇÑöåö) .(7/166)
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãóÇáñ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚó ÚóÔóÑó: {æóÇÓúÃóáú ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 45] ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÃóíúÖðÇ (2) : «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóíúáóÉó ÃõÓúÑöíó Èöåö ÌóãóÚó Çááøóåõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (3) Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Óóáúåõãú íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ÚóáóÇãó ÈõÚöËúÊõãú¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÈõÚöËúäóÇ (4) Úóáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö ÈöäõÈõæøóÊößó æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò» . æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÑöíÍñ ÈöËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áöÚóáöíøò (5) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö. æóÞóæúáõäóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóßøò ãöäøóÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÌö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÃóÞúÈóÍöåö¡ áóßöäú Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóäóÒøõáö Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ áóæú [áóãú] íõÚúáóãú (6) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ áóãú íóÌõÒú Ãóäú íõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÍóÊøóì íóËúÈõÊó ÕöÏúÞõåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 157 (ã) 158 (ã) .
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(4) ß:. . ÈõÚöËúÊõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö: Úóáóì ãóÇÐóÇ ÈõÚöËúÊõãú íóÇ ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÈõÚöËúäóÇ. .
(5) ß: Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áöÚóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ä¡ Ó: áóæú íõÚúáóãõ¡ åõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/167)
ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊõÚúáóãõ ÕöÍøóÊõåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Þóæúáñ ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì (1) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ (2) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ãóäú áóåõ Úöáúãñ æóÏöíäñ Ãóäøóåõ (3) ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõ Èöåö ãóäú áóåõ ÚóÞúáñ æóÏöíäñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÞõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúæóÞóÇÍóÉö æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÁóÉö Ýöí ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøõÓõáó - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú - ßóíúÝó íõÓúÃóáõæäó ÚóãøóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¿
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æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãöíËóÇÞó Úóáóíúåöãú áóÆöäú ÈõÚöËó ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóåõãú ÃóÍúíóÇÁñ áöíõÄúãöäõäøó Èöåö æóáóíóäúÕõÑõäøóåõ. åóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ (4) ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ãöíËóÇÞó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó áóãóÇ ÂÊóíúÊõßõãú ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò æóÍößúãóÉò Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 81] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÃóÞúÑóÑúÊõãú æóÃóÎóÐúÊõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößõãú ÅöÕúÑöí ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÞúÑóÑúäóÇ ÞóÇáó ÝóÇÔúåóÏõæÇ æóÃóäóÇ ãóÚóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 81] (5) .
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(1) Úóáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) .
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(5) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí: ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 6/555 - 557 ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö) 2/56 ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 1/414 - 415(7/168)
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÊóÝúÕöíáö ãóÇ ÈõÚöËó Èöåö [ãõÍóãøóÏñ] (1) Ýóáóãú íõÄúÎóÐú Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÄúÎóÐõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãõæóÇáóÇÉõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÂíóÉö: {æóÇÓúÃóáú ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöäóÇ ÃóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÂáöåóÉð íõÚúÈóÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 45] . áóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÓõÄóÇáñ áóåõãú ÈöãóÇÐóÇ ÈõÚöËõæÇ¿ (2) .
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøóåõãú ÈõÚöËõæÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íõÈúÚóËõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáÑøõÓõáö. æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõÕõæáõ ãóÇ ÈõÚöËõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÐöÈñ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõÕõæáó ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáøóÊöí ÈõÚöËõæÇ ÈöåóÇ: ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö¡ æóÃõÕõæáó (3) ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö¡ [Ãóåóãøõ] (4) ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö äóÈöíøò ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Èóáú æóãöäó ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ äóÍúäõ ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑõ ÈöäõÈõæøóÇÊöåöãú ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ áóßöäú ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ãöäúåõãú æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÔóÑúÚöåö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÔóÑóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ Ýóåõæó
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(1) ãõÍóãøóÏñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúÂíóÉö: æóÞóæúáõåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì: " æóÇÓúÃóáú ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöäóÇ ÃóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÂáöåóÉð íõÚúÈóÏõæäó " Ãóíú: ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö ÏóÚóæúÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÏóÚóæúÊó ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóäóåóæúÇ Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö æóÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÌóáøóÊú ÚóÙóãóÊõåõ: " æóáóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËúäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÃõãøóÉò ÑóÓõæáðÇ Ãóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ÇáØøóÇÛõæÊó ". æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó: æóÇÓúÃóáúåõãú áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌõãöÚõæÇ áóåõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 7/318 - 320
(3) ã: ÈöÃõÕõæáö.
(4) Ãóåóãøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/169)
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ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ßóÇäóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÈöãõÏøóÉò. Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóäóÉñ æóäöÕúÝñ. æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÎóãúÓõ Óöäöíäó. æóÞöíáó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó. æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ áóíúáóÉó ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö¡ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõ åöÌúÑóÉñ æóáóÇ ÌöåóÇÏñ æóáóÇ ÃóãúÑñ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ. æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ áóãú [íóßõäú] (2) íõÐúßóÑõ Úóáöíøñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö [ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö] (3) ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ ÐößúÑõ Úóáöíøò¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈõæÊö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÞóæúÞöÓö ÕõæóÑõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö - ÕõæÑóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ãóÚó ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÈöåóÇ íõÞöíãõ Çááøóåõ ÃóãúÑóåõ. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÐõßöÑó Úóáöíøñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈõÚöËõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö ÈöæöáóÇíóÉö [Úóáöíøò] (4) æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ Ðóáößó áöÃõãóãöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú¿
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÚÔÑæä " æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö: 12] Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö
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(2) íóßõäú: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÈöæöáóÇíóÊöåö.
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 158 (ã) .(7/170)
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÓóÃóáúÊõ Çááøóåó - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóåóÇ ÃõÐõäóßó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ» (1) . æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: [íóÇ Úóáöíøõ] (2) Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃõÏúäöíóßó (3) æóÃõÚóáøöãóßó¡ (4) íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃõÏúäöíóßó æóÃõÚóáøöãóßó (5) áöÊóÚöíó¡ æóÃõäúÒöáóÊú Úóáóíøó (6) åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ: {æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ} ÝóÃóäúÊó ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ» (7) . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉõ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÈóíóÇäõ ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö. æóÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò íóÑúæöíóÇäö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (8) 348.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {áóãøóÇ ØóÛóì ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÍóãóáúäóÇßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö - áöäóÌúÚóáóåóÇ áóßõãú ÊóÐúßöÑóÉð æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö: 11 - 12] áóãú íõÑóÏú Èöåö ÃõÐõäõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÞóØú¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó.
æóÍóãúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂíóÉñ áóåõãú ÃóäøóÇ ÍóãóáúäóÇ ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÝõáúßö ÇáúãóÔúÍõæäö - æóÎóáóÞúäóÇ áóåõãú ãöäú ãöËúáöåö ãóÇ íóÑúßóÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: (9)
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(1) ß: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ: ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÝóãóÇ äóÓöíÊõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöí Ãóäú ÃóäúÓóÇåõ.
(2) íóÇ Úóáöíøõ: Ýöí (ã) ¡ (ß) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ß: ÃõÄúÐöäõßó.
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãóäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) (ß) .
(5) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãóäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) (ß) .
(6) Ó¡ È: æóÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóíøó¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " Úóáóíøó " ãöäú (ã) .
(7) ß: æóÇÚöíóÉñ áöáúÚöáúãö.
(8) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÂíóÉö 12 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö Óóåúáò Úóäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍóæúÔóÈò Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÑúÓóáñ "¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÎóáóÝò Úóäú ÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ÂÏóãó Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÃóÚúãóì Úóäú ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ". æóÇäúÙõÑú: ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö
(9) ã: ÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú.(7/171)
41 -¡ 42] æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝõáúßó ÊóÌúÑöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÈöäöÚúãóÉö Çááøóåö áöíõÑöíóßõãú ãöäú ÂíóÇÊöåö Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áößõáøö ÕóÈøóÇÑò ÔóßõæÑò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ áõÞúãóÇäó: 31] ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ßõáøõåõ áöíóÚöíó Ðóáößó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¿
äóÚóãú ÃõÐõäõ Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÐõäö ÇáúæóÇÚöíóÉö¡ ßóÃõÐõäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó áöÚóáöíøò ÈöÐóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂÐóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÚöíóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ÃõÐõäó Úóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåóÇ. ÃóÊóÑóì ÃõÐõäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóíúÓóÊú æóÇÚöíóÉð¿ æóáóÇ ÃõÐõäó ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóÚóãøóÇÑò æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏö æóÓóáúãóÇäó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö æóÓóåúáö Èúäö ÍóäöíÝò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú íõæóÇÝóÞõæäó Úóáóì ÝóÖöíáóÊöåöãú æóÅöíãóÇäöåöãú¿
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃõÐõäõ ÇáúæóÇÚöíóÉõ áóåõ æóáöÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉõ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó ÇáúÌóÇåöáó ÇáÙøóÇáöãó íóÈúäöí ÃóãúÑóåõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊò ÈóÇØöáóÉò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ýöí ØóæóÇÆöÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö Ãóæúåóì ãöäú ÍõÌóÌö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõãú ÍõÌóÌðÇ æóÃóÏöáøóÉð ÞóÏú ÊõÔúÈöåõ Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉñ ÞóØøõ ÊóäúÝõÞõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÌóÇåöáò Ãóæú ÙóÇáöãò ÕóÇÍöÈö åóæðì¡ íóÞúÈóáõ ãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ åóæóÇåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Ãóæú ÈóÇØöáðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöíåöãú áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÚóÞúáñ æóáóÇ äóÞúáñ¡ æóáóÇ Ïöíäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóÇ ÏõäúíóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑóÉñ.(7/172)
æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: áóæú ÚóáøóÞó ÍõßúãðÇ ÈöÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÊóäóÇæóáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó¡ ãöËúáó Ãóäú íóÍúáöÝó: Åöäøöí ÃóÈúÛóÖõ ÃóÌúåóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóÃóãøóÇ áóæú æóÕøóì áóÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞõÑúÈóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÕøóì áöÞóæúãò íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÌóÇÒó¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ áóæú ÌóÚóáó ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáúÌóåúáó ÌöåóÉð æóÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö.
Ëõãøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ íóÏøóÚöí Ýöí ÔóíúÁò Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÞóÏú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó. Ëõãøó íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉó áóíúÓóÊú áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÝóÖóÇÆöáó Úóáöíøò ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó (1) ÚóÇãøóÊõåóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇãøóÊóåóÇ ÎóÕóÇÆöÕõ áóãú íõÔóÇÑóßóÇ ÝöíåóÇ. Ëõãøó íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉó ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉó ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉó Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóíúÓóÊú ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉð áöáúÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö æóáóÇ áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãö (2) ¡ Èóáú ÊóËúÈõÊõ áöáúÅöãóÇãö æóáöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöáúÝóÇÖöáö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö æóáöÛóíúÑöåö.
ÝóÈóäóì (3) åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÃóãúÑóåõ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÇáËøóáóÇËö¡ æóÇáËøóáóÇËõ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ (4) . Ëõãøó íõÑúÏöÝõåóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÊöáúßó ÝöíåóÇ äöÒóÇÚñ¡ áóßöäú äóÍúäõ áóÇ äõäóÇÒöÚõåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Èóáú äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøó áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó (5) .
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
(2) Ó¡ È: æóÛóíúÑöåö.
(3) È: ÝóíóÈúäöí.
(4) Ó: ÇáËøóáóÇËõ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ È: ÇáËøóáóÇËõ æóåöíó ÈóÇØöáóÉñ.
(5) Ó¡ È: Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(7/173)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÍÇÏí æÇáÚÔÑæä " ÓæÑÉ åá ÃÊì " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: ÓõæÑóÉõ åóáú ÃóÊóì Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò ÞóÇáó: «ãóÑöÖó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ (2) ¡ ÝóÚóÇÏóåõãóÇ ÌóÏøõåõãóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ (3) : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ áóæú äóÐóÑúÊó Úóáóì æóáóÏóíúßó. ÝóäóÐóÑó Õóæúãó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ æóßóÐóÇ äóÐóÑóÊú (4) ÃõãøõåõãóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÌóÇÑöíóÊõåõãú ÝöÖøóÉñ¡ ÝóÈóÑöÆóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏó Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò Þóáöíáñ æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑñ (5) ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÖó Úóáöíøñ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÂÕõÚò (6) ãöäú ÔóÚöíÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇãóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÚò ÝóØóÍóäóÊúåõ¡ æóÎóÈóÒóÊú (7) ãöäúåõ ÎóãúÓóÉó ÃóÞúÑóÇÕò¡ áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÞõÑúÕðÇ (8) ¡ æóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóì ÇáúãóäúÒöáó ÝóæõÖöÚó ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ; ÅöÐú ÃóÊóÇåõãú (9) ãöÓúßöíäñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (10) : ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 158 (ã) ¡ 160 (ã) .
(2) ß: æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ.
(3) ß: ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ æóÇáúÚóÌóãõ ÝóÞóÇáó.
(4) äóÐóÑóÊú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) ß: æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö.
(6) ß: ÃóÕúæõÚó.
(7) ß: æóÇÎúÊóÈóÒóÊú.
(8) È: ÞõÑúÕñ.
(9) È: ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãú.
(10)) ß: Õ 159 ã ãöÓúßöíäñ ÝóæóÞóÝó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö ÝóÞóÇáó.(7/174)
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ãöÓúßöíäñ ãöäú ãóÓóÇßöíäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÃóØúÚöãõæäöí ÃóØúÚóãóßõãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ãóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóæúåõ ÇáØøóÚóÇãó æóãóßóËõæÇ íóæúãóåõãú æóáóíúáóÊóåõãú áóãú íóÐõæÞõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóÇÁó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÍó.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÞóÇãóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÝóÎóÈóÒóÊú (1) ÕóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ëõãøó ÃóÊóì ÇáúãóäúÒöáó (2) ÝóæõÖöÚó (3) ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõãú íóÊöíãñ¡ ÝóæóÞóÝó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ íóÊöíãñ ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó æóÇáöÏöí íóæúãó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö¡ ÃóØúÚöãõæäöí ÃóØúÚóãóßõãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ãóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóæúåõ ÇáØøóÚóÇãó¡ æóãóßóËõæÇ íóæúãóíúäö æóáóíúáóÊóíúäö (4) áóãú íóÐõæÞõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ (5) ÇáúãóÇÁó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÍó.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÞóÇãóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÇÚö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ ÝóØóÍóäóÊúåõ æóÎóÈóÒóÊúåõ (6) ¡ æóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóì ÇáúãóäúÒöáó ÝóæõÖöÚó ÇáØøóÚóÇãõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ ÅöÐú ÃóÊóì ÃóÓöíÑñ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÃúÓöÑõæäóäóÇ (7) æóÊõÔóÑøöÏõæäóäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõØúÚöãõæäóäóÇ¡ ÃóØúÚöãõæäöí ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÓöíÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÃóØúÚóãóßõãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ãóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóæúåõ ÇáØøóÚóÇãó¡
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(1) 1) ß: ÝóÇÎúÊóÈóÒóÊú.
(2) 2) ß: æóÕóáøóì Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö ÝóÃóÊóì ÇáúãóäúÒöáó.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóæóÖóÚõæÇ.
(4) æóáóíúáóÊóíúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(5) ß: áóãú íóÐõæÞõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
(6) ß: æóÇÎúÊóÈóÒóÊúåõ.
(7) ß: ÅöÐú ÃóÊóÇåõãú ÃóÓöíÑñ¡ ÝóæóÞóÝó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÊóÃúÓöÑõæäóäóÇ.(7/175)
æóãóßóËõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÈöáóíóÇáöíåóÇ (1) áóãú íóÐõæÞõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóÇÁó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÍó.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ; æóÞóÏú æóÝøóæúÇ äõÐõæÑóåõãú (2) ¡ ÃóÎóÐó Úóáöíøñ ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÈöíóÏöåö Çáúíõãúäóì (3) ¡ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó ÈöíóÏöåö (4) ÇáúíõÓúÑóì¡ æóÃóÞúÈóáó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóåõãú íóÑúÊóÚöÔõæäó ßóÇáúÝöÑóÇÎö ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóÕóÑóåõãóÇ (5) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ ãóÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ãóÇ íóÓõæÁõäöí (6) ãóÇ ÃóÑóì Èößõãú¡ ÇäúØóáöÞú ÈöäóÇ Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáö (7) ÇÈúäóÊöí ÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞõæÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ÍõÌúÑóÊöåóÇ (8) ¡ ÞóÏú (9) áóÕóÞó ÈóØúäõåóÇ ÈöÙóåúÑöåóÇ (10) ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóÛóÇÑóÊú ÚóíúäóÇåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: æóÇÛóæúËóÇåõ¡ ÈöÇááøóåö (11) Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊö ãõÍóãøóÏò íóãõæÊõæäó ÌõæÚðÇ! ÝóåóÈóØó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ (12) Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ¡ ÎõÐú
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(1) ß: æóáóíóÇáöíåóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóÞóÏú ÝóÇäóÏóåõãú (æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ) ¡ È: æóäóÝóÏó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÃóÎóÐó Úóáöíøñ ÈöíóÏö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöíóÏöåö Çáúíõãúäóì¡ È: ÃóÎóÐó Úóáöíøñ íóÏó ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöíóÏöåö Çáúíõãúäóì¡ ß: ÃóÎóÐó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÓóäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÇáúíóÏö Çáúíõãúäóì.
(4) ß: ÈöÇáúíóÏö.
(5) Ó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóÕóÑóåõãóÇ¡ È: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÈúÕóÑóåõãóÇ¡ ß: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóÕóÑó Èöåö.
(6) È: íõÓöíÆõäöí¡ Ó: íõÓöíÆõæäöí.
(7) ãóäúÒöáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(8) ß: ãöÍúÑóÇÈöåóÇ.
(9) ß: æóÞóÏú.
(10)) ß: ÙóåúÑõåóÇ ÈöÈóØúäöåóÇ.
(11) 11) ä¡ Ó: íóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ È: íóÇ áóáøóåö.
(12) 12) ß Õ 260 ã: ÌöÈúÑóÆöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(7/176)
ãóÇ åóäøóÃóßó Çááøóåõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊößó. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÂÎõÐõ íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¿ ÝóÃóÞúÑóÃóåõ: {åóáú ÃóÊóì Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Íöíäñ} » (1) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 1] .
æóåöíó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÌóãøóÉò áóãú íóÓúÈöÞúåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÍóÞúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö. æóáóæú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇËúäóÇäö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò (2) áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö áóåõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö¡ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãõäóÇÒöÚöåö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú ÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú íóÑúæõæäó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóßóËöíÑñ (3) ãöäú Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó åóáú åõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ Ãóãú ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóíóÑúæõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ; áöÃóäøó æóÕúÝóåõãõ (4) ÇáäøóÞúáó áöãóÇ äõÞöáó Ãóæú ÍößóÇíóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ - ÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö æóÖóÚúÝöåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóØøóÑöÏõæäó åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÒöãõæäóåõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö æóÍõßøóÇãõåõ. æóÞóæúáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö åõæó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Ýöí
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(1) Íöíäñ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : Íöíäñ ãöäó ÇáÏøóåúÑö.
(2) ã: ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: æóßóËöíÑõæäó.
(4) È: æóÙöíÝóÊóåõãú.(7/177)
åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÑúæó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑúÌóÚõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö (1) ¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö (2) ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú íóÊóÓóÇãóÍõæäó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÖóÚöíÝóÉò¡ ßóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÕóäøóÝó (4) ÎóÕóÇÆöÕó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ (5) ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÖóÚöíÝóÉò¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö (6) åóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõ (7) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí " ÇáúÎóÕóÇÆöÕö " (8) ¡ æóÎóíúËóãóÉõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó (9) ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö " Ñóæóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ áöÙõåõæÑö ßóÐöÈöåö.
æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÖóÚöíÝóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ ãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Ýöíåö: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÞõáõæäóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö¡ ßóÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò¡
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(2) ã: ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö.
(3) ã: æóáóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö æóáóÇ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö.
(4) ÕóäøóÝó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ æóÝöí (È) : Ñóæóì.
(5) ã: áóåóÇ.
(6) ã: æóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ.
(7) ÐóßóÑó ÓöÒúßöíäõ (ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 30) åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóäõÓóÎóåõ ÇáúÎóØøöíøóÉó¡ æóåõæó ãóØúÈõæÚñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö ÓóäóÉó 1308.
(8) ã: Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö: æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò åõæó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ " ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò " ÍóÇÝöÙñ ãõÄóÑøöÎñ æõáöÏó ÈöÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó ÓóäóÉó 326 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 430 áóåõ ÍöáúíóÉõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö æóØóÈóÞóÇÊõ ÇáúÃóÕúÝöíóÇÁö¡ æóÏóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö æóØóÈóÞóÇÊõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: æóÝöíøóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 1¡ ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 1/111¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/201¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 4/18 - 25¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/150.
(9) ä¡ Ó: æóÍóËúãóÉõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ È: æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóËúãóÉó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÎóíúËóãóÉõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÍóíúÏóÑóÉó ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ ÇáØøóÑóÇÈõáõÓöíøõ¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 250 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 343¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈñ ßóÈöíÑñ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóÂÎóÑõ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö " ÐóßóÑó ÓöÒúßöíäõ Ãóäøó ãöäúåõãóÇ äõÓúÎóÉð ÎóØøöíøóÉð Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/365¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 2/411 - 412¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 2/374¡ ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 4/131 ÓöÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì 1 Õ 368¡ 369.(7/178)
æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÈóÞöíøö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏò æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ÇáØøõæÓöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (1) áöÓóÇäõ ÕöÏúÞò¡ æóÊóÝóÇÓöíÑõåõãú ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉñ áöáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáó Úóáóì ßóÐöÈö åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ. ãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÏúÎõáú ÈöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ æõáöÏóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËò Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚò¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóÊóÒóæøóÌú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóáóãú íõæáóÏú áóåõ æóáóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõåõ [ßóáøõ] (2) ãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ØóÑóÝñ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
æóÓõæÑóÉõ " åóáú ÃóÊóì " ãóßøöíøóÉñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáäøóÞúáö¡ áóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú: ÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÏóäöíøóÉñ. æóåöíó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö ÇáÓøõæóÑö ÇáúãóßøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ßóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö æóÐößúÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÇáúÈóÚúËö. æóáöåóÐóÇ [Þöíáó:] (4) Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (5) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞúÑóÄõåóÇ ãóÚó: (Ãáã ÊóäúÒöíáõ) (6)
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(1) ã: Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
(2) ßõáøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) Ó¡ È: ØóÑóÝñ ãöäú Úöáúãò.
(4) Þöíáó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) æóåöíó ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö.(7/179)
Ýöí ÝóÌúÑö íóæúãö ÇáúÌõãúÚóÉö ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÝöíåö ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ.
æóåóÇÊóÇäö ÇáÓøõæÑóÊóÇäö ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÊóÇäö áöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÎóáúÞö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÝóÑöíÞñ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóÝóÑöíÞñ ÇáäøóÇÑó. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉõ äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó äóÞúáó (1) ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ãóÑóÖö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúãóíúäö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÓöíóÇÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóáúÝóÇÙóåõ ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó. Ýóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÝóÚóÇÏóåõãóÇ ÌóÏøõåõãóÇ æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö " ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó (2) ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúÊõæäóåõãóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäóåõãóÇ.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ: " ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ (3) : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ áóæú äóÐóÑúÊó Úóáóì æóáóÏóíúßó ". æóÚóáöíøñ áóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáÏøöíäó ãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ Èóáú íóÃúÎõÐõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑðÇ ÈöØóÇÚóÉò ÝóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑóåõ Èöåö ãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ØóÇÚóÉð áóãú íóßõäú Úóáöíøñ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõæäó Èöåö. Ëõãøó ßóíúÝó íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõãú Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉò Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí Ðóáößó¿ !
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ «äóåóì Úóäö ÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ (4) áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈöÎóíúÑò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÎöíáö» (5) ".
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøó ãóäú äóÞóáó.
(2) ä: æóÚóÇãøóÉõ. æóÓóÞóØóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö " ãöäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) .
(3) ä¡ Ó: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(4) Åöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/124 - 125 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÈóÇÈõ ÅöáúÞóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáäøóÐúÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏóÑö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöíåö: äóåóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ ÞóÇáó: ((Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÎöíáö)) ãõÓúáöãò 3/1260 - 1261 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ) æóÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ËóáóÇËõ ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò (ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÑóÞúãó 2¡ 3¡ 4) ãöäúåóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö " 8/208 - 209 ÑóÞúãó 2585.(7/180)
æóÝöí ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó: «Åöäøó ÇáäøóÐúÑó íóÑõÏøõ ÇÈúäó ÂÏóãó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏóÑö * ÝóíõÚúØóì Úóáóì ÇáäøóÐúÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúØóì ÛóíúÑõåõ» (1) . æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáäøóÐúÑö æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈöÎóíúÑò æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÇÈúäó ÂÏóãó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏóÑö * (2) .
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÃóåúáöåöãóÇ (3) áóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóáöãóåõ Úõãõæãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÍñ Ýöí Úöáúãöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóíúäó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí áöáúÚöÕúãóÉö¿
æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ (4) ÚóáöãõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóÝóÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ØóÇÚóÉó Ýöíåö áöáøóåö æóáöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó áóåõãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú äóåóíóÇ Úóäúåõ: ÅöãøóÇ äóåúíó ÊóÍúÑöíãò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äóåúíó ÊóäúÒöíáò - ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÍðÇ ÅöãøóÇ (5) Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú (6) æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÚóÞúáöåöãú æóÚöáúãöåöãú.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúæöí ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåöãú ÌóÇåöáñ¡ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ íóãúÏóÍõåõãú¡ æóíõÎúÝöÖõåõãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ íóÑúÝóÚõåõãú¡ æóíóÐõãøõåõãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ íóÍúãóÏõåõãú.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö áöáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ: Åöäøó ãóÍóÈøóÊóßõãú áóäóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ãóÚóÑøóÉð ÚóáóíúäóÇ. æóÝöí ÇáúãóËóáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑö (7) " ÚóÏõæøñ ÚóÇÞöáñ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÕóÏöíÞò ÌóÇåöáò "
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) æó (È) .
(3) È: æóÃóåúáöåöãóÇ.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäú (ÈöÏõæäö ßóÇäõæÇ) .
(5) ÅöãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ¡ (Ó) .
(6) Ó: Ýöí ÏöíäöåöãóÇ.
(7) ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) .(7/181)
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöäøóãóÇ ãóÏóÍó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö ÈöÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÚóÞúÏö ÇáäøóÐúÑö¡ æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõäúåóì Úóäö ÇáÙøöåóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú ÙóÇåóÑó æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ áöáÙøöåóÇÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇæóÏó ãõÏöÍó (1) Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö * ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑõ¡ áóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÇáÙøöåóÇÑö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö. æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ØóáøóÞó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÝóÝóÇÑóÞóåóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö¡ ãõÏöÍó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ¡ áóÇ äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö. æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÈóÇÚó Ãóæö ÇÔúÊóÑóì ÝóÃóÚúØóì ãóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ãõÏöÍó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö * (2) ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúÏõ¡ áóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÇáúÚóÞúÏö ÇáúãõæÌöÈö. æóäóÙóÇÆöÑõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÝöÖøóÉñ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÝöÖøóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó [ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú] (3) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÃóÍúæóÇáóåõãú: ÏóÞøóåóÇ æóÌõáøóåóÇ. æóáóßöäú ÝöÖøóÉñ åóÐöåö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöÈö ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÚóáøöãó ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃõÚúØöíó ÊõÝøóÇÍóÉð ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÉö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÐöíÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÑõæÌõ (4) Úóáóì ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö. æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåõãóÇ (5) áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãóÇ ãõÚóáøöãñ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú (6) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÍóÏñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöÈò.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöãõ ÇáúãóäúÙõæãóÉõ (7) ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈóÉõ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöÈò¡ åöíó ãöäú äóÙúãö ÈóÚúÖö
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇÏó æóãõÏöÍó¡ Ó: æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇæóÏó æóãõÏöÍó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) Ó¡ È: ÊóÌõæÒõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: Ãóäøóåõ.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ ßóÇäó.
(7) ÇáúãóäúÙõæãóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/182)
ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö [ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö] (1) ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Òóãóäó äõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÕóáóÇÍö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãö ÈöÃóíúÏöí ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóãöÕúÑõ ÈöÃóíúÏöí ÇáúÞóÑóÇãöØóÉö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö ÈóÞóÇíóÇ Èóäöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÝóÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöãö ãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÈöäóÙúãò ÌóÇåöáò ÚóÇãøöíøò.
æóåóßóÐóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ ÝöÖøóÉñ. æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú Úóáöíøò «Ãóäøó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÓóÃóáóÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÇÏöãðÇ¡ ÝóÚóáøóãóåóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÓóÈøöÍó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóäóÇãö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó¡ æóÊõßóÈøöÑó ËóáóÇËðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó æóÊóÍúãóÏó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó. æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÎóíúÑñ áóßö ãöäú ÎóÇÏöãò " ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: ÝóãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõåõäøó ãõäúÐõ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõäøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. Þöíáó áóåõ: æóáóÇ áóíúáóÉó ÕöÝøöíäó¿ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ áóíúáóÉó ÕöÝøöíäó» ". æóåóÐóÇ ÎóÈóÑñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö (2) ¡ æóåõæó íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúØöåóÇ ÎóÇÏöãðÇ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó (3) Ðóáößó ÍóÕóáó ÎóÇÏöãñ (4) Ýóåõæó ãõãúßöäñ¡ áóßöäú [áóãú íóßõäú] (5) ÇÓúãõ ÎóÇÏöãöåóÇ ÝöÖøóÉð ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ÂËóÑó
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(1) ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò íóÓöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/19 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò) 3/65 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÎóÇÏöãö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2091 - 2092 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÐøößúÑö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö. . .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö Ãóæøóáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÚöäúÏó Çáäøóæúãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/430 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö ÚöäúÏó Çáäøóæúãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/142 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö æóÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÍúãöíÏö ÚöäúÏó Çáäøóæúãö) .
(3) ÈóÚúÏó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) Ó¡ È: ÎóÇÏöãðÇ
(5) áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(7/183)
ÖóíúÝóåõ ÈöÚóÔóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóäóæøóãó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÉó¡ æóÈóÇÊó åõæó æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ØóÇæöíóíúäö. ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíõÄúËöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóáóæú ßóÇäó Èöåöãú ÎóÕóÇÕóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 9] (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÏúÍõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÏúÍö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóíõØúÚöãõæäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãó Úóáóì ÍõÈøöåö ãöÓúßöíäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 8] ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÂÊóì ÇáúãóÇáó Úóáóì ÍõÈøöåö Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì æóÇáúíóÊóÇãóì æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 177] .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " Ãóäú ÊóÕóÏøóÞó (2) æóÃóäúÊó ÕóÍöíÍñ ÔóÍöíÍñ¡ ÊóÃúãõáõ ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁó¡ æóÊóÎóÇÝõ ÇáúÝóÞúÑó¡ æóáóÇ Êõãúåöáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóÊö ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãó¡ ÞõáúÊó: áöÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ æóáöÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áöÝõáóÇäò» (3) ..
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóäú ÊóäóÇáõæÇ ÇáúÈöÑøó ÍóÊøóì ÊõäúÝöÞõæÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÍöÈøõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 92] . ÝóÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞõ ÈöãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÌöäúÓñ ÊóÍúÊóåõ ÃóäúæóÇÚñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöíËóÇÑõ (4) ãóÚó ÇáúÎóÕóÇÕóÉö Ýóåõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÞö ãóÚó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãõÊóÕóÏøöÞò ãõÍöÈøðÇ ãõÄúËöÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ßõáøõ ãõÊóÕóÏøöÞò íóßõæäõ Èöåö ÎóÕóÇÕóÉñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ¡ ãóÚó ÇßúÊöÝóÇÆöåö ÈöÈóÚúÖöåö¡ ãóÚó ãóÍóÈøóÉò áóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóÕóÇÕóÉó.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò (Õ 166
(2) Ó: Ãóäú ÊóÕóÏøóÞúÊó.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö -¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 2/716 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÕóÏóÞóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÇáÔøóÍöíÍö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 5/51 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ " Ãóíøõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ") 6/198 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ Ýöí ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/903 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÕóÇíóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÇáÊøóÈúÐöíÑö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö 7159¡ 7401¡ 9367¡ 9767.
(4) ã: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞõ.(7/184)
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ãóÏóÍó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÈöÅöíËóÇÑö ÇáÖøóíúÝö áóíúáóÉð ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÏúÍö¡ æóÇáúÅöíËóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÏúÍõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑó¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ Úóáóíúåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö.
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí äöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò æóÝóÇØöãóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÚö¡ æóåõæó ÅöÈúÞóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóØúÝóÇáö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÌöíóÇÚðÇ¡ æóæöÕóÇáõåõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõæÚö ÞóÏú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÇáúÚóÞúáó æóÇáúÈóÏóäó æóÇáÏøöíäó.
æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöËúáó ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöí ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó (1) ÈóíøóÊóåõãú áóíúáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÈöáóÇ ÚóÔóÇÁò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íóÍúÊóãöáõåõ ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÈöáóíóÇáöíåóÇ.
ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúíóÊöíãó ÞóÇáó: " ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó æóÇáöÏöí íóæúãó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö " æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö áóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ ÞöÊóÇáñ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÇíóÚó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÄúãóÑó ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáóæú ÞóÇáó: " ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó æóÇáöÏöí íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò " áóßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó.
ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóßúÝöí ÃóæúáóÇÏó ãóäú ÞõÊöáó ãóÚóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÝóÇØöãóÉó áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáóÊúåõ ÎóÇÏöãðÇ: " áóÇ ÃóÏóÚõ íóÊóÇãóì ÈóÏúÑò æóÃõÚúØöíßö ".
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÐóÇßó.(7/185)
ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú íóÊóÇãóì ÇáúãõÌóÇåöÏöíäó ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö ãóäú áóÇ íóßúÝöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö æóÞóÏúÍñ Ýöíåö.
ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÞóØøõ ÃóÓöíÑñ íóÓúÃóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóÞõæãõæäó ÈöÇáúÃóÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÃúÓöÑõæäóåõ. ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÏøöÚöí Ãóäøó ÃóÓúÑóÇåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÍúÊóÇÌöíäó Åöáóì ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÞóÏúÍñ Ýöíåöãú. æóÇáúÃõÓóÑóÇÁõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõæäó [ÅöäøóãóÇ] (1) ßóÇäõæÇ íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó Úóáöíøñ ÈöÝóÇØöãóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - æóÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÃóÓúÑóì Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÞöáøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉð¡ æóåöíó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ áóãú ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö. ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÃóßúËóÑó ÅöØúÚóÇãðÇ áöáúãóÓóÇßöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «ÃóÔúÈóåúÊó ÎóáúÞöí æóÎõáõÞöí» . (2) ¡ 5 - 29 æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÐóì ÇáäøöÚóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö. Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÐóáößó (3) ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÅöäúÝóÇÞó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÃóãúæóÇáóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ æóÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöØúÚóÇãó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÚö (4) ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí íõãúßöäõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ÝöÚúáóåóÇ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Èóáú æóßõáøõ ÃõãøóÉò íõØúÚöãõæäó ÌöíóÇÚóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóÊóÞóÑøóÈõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡
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(1) ÅöäøóãóÇ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4
(3) ä¡ È: æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÐóáößó¡ Ó: æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÌöíóÇÚö.(7/186)
ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÝúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö¡ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÊóãóíøóÒõæÇ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõãú: {ÅöäøóãóÇ äõØúÚöãõßõãú áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö áóÇ äõÑöíÏõ ãöäúßõãú ÌóÒóÇÁð æóáóÇ ÔõßõæÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 9] .
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æóÅöäúÝóÇÞõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÝöí (2) äóÕúÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞóÇØöÈóÉð ÃóÚúÏóÇÁó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóÊöáúßó ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉõ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó íõãúßöäõ ãöËúáõåóÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö: «áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» (3) æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÎúÊõÕøõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÌöäúÓõ ÅöØúÚóÇãö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÚö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ íõãúßöäõ ÝöÚúáõåõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇäí æÇáÚÔÑæä " æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 33] . ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö}
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(1) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÃóÕúÝóåóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " 1/147.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýöí. . .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/21
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 160 (ã) .(7/187)
[: ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáõåõ] (1) {æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö} : ÞóÇáó: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò. æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò (2) : {æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö} ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö Úóáöíøñ. æóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ ÇÎúÊõÕøó ÈöåóÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãóäúÞõæáðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÞóæúáõ ãõÌóÇåöÏò æóÍúÏóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò¡ áóæú ßóÇäó (3) åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ËóÇÈöÊðÇ Úóäúåõ¿ ! ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ÈößóËúÑóÉö (4) ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
æóÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò (5) ÎöáóÇÝõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó åõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö åõæó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóãöáó Èöåö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉð. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ [æóÛóíúÑõåõ] (6) Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó (7) : åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö íóÌöíÆõæäó [Èöåö] (8) íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ß) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ß:. . ãõÌóÇåöÏò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. . .
(3) Ó¡ È: æóáóæú ßóÇäó æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ßóËúÑóÉö.
(5) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ãõÌóÇåöÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÈúÑò Çáúãóßøöíøõ¡ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ¡ ãõÝóÓøöÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãóßøóÉó¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 21 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 104 ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ÓöíóÑö ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈóáóÇÁö "¡ " ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó. .¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÞõáúÊõ áöáúÃóÚúãóÔó: ãóÇ ÈóÇáõåõãú íóÊøóÞõæäó ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ãõÌóÇåöÏò¿ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÃóáõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÎöÑóÇÔò: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãõÌóÇåöÏò Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ãóÑóÇÓöíáõ "¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó ãõÌóÇåöÏò Ýöí " ÓöíóÑö ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈóáóÇÁö " 4/449 - 457¡ ØóÈúÚóÉö ãõÄóÓøóÓóÉö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ÈóíúÑõæÊó 1401 1981¡ ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/439 - 440 ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö 3/279 - 310 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 6/161.
(6) æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(7) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö (Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó) 24/4
(8) Èöåö: Ýöí (ä) æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö.(7/188)
ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó (1) : åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÚúØóíúÊõãõæäóÇ ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇ (2) ãóÇ Ýöíåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ (3) ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ Úóäú áóíúËò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÌõæóíúÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö: æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÌóãöíÚðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: {æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö} . ÞóÇáó: ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (4) -.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÃóÔúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö: ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì Úóáöíøò. ÞóÇáó (5) : ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÍößóÇíóÉñ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÛõáóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö: Ãóäøó ÓóÇÆöáðÇ ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ åõæó - Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó (6) -: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ: Èóáú Ýöí Úóáöíøò¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò: ÇÞúÑóÃú ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ: {ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 33] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö (7) {áöíõßóÝøöÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÓúæóÃó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóãöáõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 35] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÈõåöÊó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÂíóÉö ÚóÇãøñ ãõØúáóÞñ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò¡
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(1) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: íóÞõæáõæäó.
(2) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÑóæóÇåõ.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö) 7/89 - 90¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 7/182
(5) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 24/3
(6) ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó.
(7) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/189)
Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÚõãõæãöåóÇ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÍõßúãöåóÇ. æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÍóÞøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÝöíåóÇ¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåöãú. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåõ ÃóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ìóåóäøóãó ãóËúæðì áöáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó - æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 32 - 33] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÏú Ðóãøó Çááøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - ÇáúßóÇÐöÈó Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáúãõßóÐøöÈó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ðóãøñ ÚóÇãøñ.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÏõÎõæáðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁð áöáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÊóßúÐöíÈðÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö áöãóÇ (1) ÌóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö Úóäö ÇáúãóÌöíÁö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö Èöåö.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö Ãóæúáóì ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÈöåóÐóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÕúÏõÞõæäó æóíõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõãú åõæðì ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö.
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÏóÍó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞó ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöíÁõ Èöåö æóÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøö. ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÏúÍñ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáößõáøö ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö æóÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö. æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú: æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáøóÐöí ÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌúÚóáúåõãóÇ ÕöäúÝóíúäö¡ Èóáú ÌóÚóáóåõãóÇ (2) ÕöäúÝðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãóÏúÍõ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöíÁõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóíõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ Ýóåõæó ãóãúÏõæÍñ Úóáóì ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúæóÕúÝóíúäö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãöäú ÔóÃúäöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöíÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóãöäú ÔóÃúäöåö Ãóäú íõÕóÏøöÞó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö} ÇÓúãõ ÌöäúÓò áößõáøö ÕöÏúÞò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö Ãóíú ÈöÌöäúÓö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö (3) . æóÞóÏú
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(1) Ó¡ È: áöáÕøöÏúÞö æóáöãóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Èóáú ÌóÚóáóåõãú.
(3) È: ãóäú íõÍúÓöäõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞó.(7/190)
íóßõæäõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ÇáøóÐöí ÕõÏøöÞó Èöåö áóíúÓó (1) åõæó Úóíúäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ: ÝõáóÇäñ íóÓúãóÚõ ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó æóíóÞúÈóáõåõ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö æóíóÚúãóáõ Èöåö. Ãóíú åõæó ãóæúÕõæÝñ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö áóíúÓó åõæó Úóíúäó ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúãóáõ Èöåö.
ÝóáóãøóÇ Ðóãøó Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúæóÕúÝóíúäö: ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÅöÐú ßóáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Èöåö (2) ÇáÐøóãøó¡ ãóÏóÍó ÖöÏøóåõãóÇ ÇáúÎóÇáöíó ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó íóÌöíÁõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö áóÇ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöãøóäú íóÞõæáõåõ åõæó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ áóãú (3) íõÕóÏøöÞúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÕúÏõÞõ æóáóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ áóßöäú íóßúÑóåõ: Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÓóÏðÇ æóãõäóÇÝóÓóÉð¡ ÝóíõßóÐøöÈõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Ýöí ÕöÏúÞöåö Ãóæú áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåõ¡ Èóáú íõÚúÑöÖõ Úóäúåõ. æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú íõÕóÏøöÞõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú¡ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ: ÃóÕöÏúÞñ åõæó Ãóãú ßóÐöÈñ¿ æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåóÇ (4) ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÕóÏøöÞóåóÇ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúÑöÖó ÚóäúåóÇ (5) .
æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö: ÊóÌöÏõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ¡ áóßöäú ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ Úóäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö íõÚúÑöÖõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÍö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáÐøóãøö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõÕóÏøöÞú ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóåõ.
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(1) áóíúÓó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) (È) .
(2) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: áóÇ.
(4) Ó¡ È: áóÇ ÊõÕóÏøöÞõåóÇ.
(5) Ó¡ È: Èóáú ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕóÏøöÞóåóÇ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÚúÑöÖó ÚóäúåóÇ.(7/191)
æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏú Ðóãøó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈó æóÇáúãõßóÐøöÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ; áöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÂíóÉò: {æóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóæú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 68] æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóæú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöÂíóÇÊöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 21] .
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ æóÕóÝó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãú íóÌöíÁõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÝóáóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ Ýóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ÕóÇÏöÞñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãõÕóÏøöÞñ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ: (æóÇáøóÐöí) ÕöäúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö áóÇ íõÞúÕóÏõ (1) Èöåö æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÃóÚóÇÏó ÇáÖøóãöíÑó ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 33] .
æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÌöÏõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì Úöáúãò æóÏöíäò áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ (2) ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÕøöÏúÞó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõæäó ãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö ÛóíúÑóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ Èóáú íóÍúãöáõåõãõ Çáúåóæóì æóÇáúÌóåúáõ Úóáóì ÊóßúÐöíÈö ÛóíúÑöåöãú æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÅöãøóÇ ÊóßúÐöíÈö äóÙöíÑöåö æóÅöãøóÇ ÊóßúÐöíÈö (3) ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö.
æóäóÝúÓõ ÊóßúÐöíÈö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö åõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÑóäóåõ ÈöÇáúßóÇÐöÈö (4) Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 32] ÝóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ: [åóÐóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ] (5) ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö Úóäö Çááøóåö.
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(1) Ó¡ È: áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) È: ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó.
(3) ã: ÅöãøóÇ ÈößóÐöÈö äóÙöíÑöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈößóÐöÈö.
(4) ã: ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ " Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(7/192)
æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì íóßúËõÑõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑõæäó áöáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáúíóåõæÏõ íóßúËõÑõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈõæäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö. æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö äóæúÚðÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÌóãöíÚó ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑó ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóì Çááøóåö. æóÃóäúÊó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÏóÈøóÑúÊó åóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóáöãúÊó Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ãóÐúãõæãñ¡ æóÃóäøó (1) ÇáúãóÏúÍó áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÂÊöíðÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ áöáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÚóáöãúÊó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ åóÏóì Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØöåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö.
ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÃóãøóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóßó Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑóåõ - íóÞóÚõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏö åóÐóíúäö (2) ¡ ÝóÊóÌöÏõ ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö (3) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ áóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ãóÇ ÊóÃúÊöí Èöåö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ (4) ÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö.
æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúåõ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÃóÏúÎóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ßóÐöÈðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (5) æóÚóáóì Ðóæöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì. æóßóÐóáößó åõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÊóßúÐöíÈðÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóíõßóÐøöÈõæäó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍö.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ãóÏúÍò Ýóåõæó íóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÝúÊóÑóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ æóÙóáóãóÊúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÕóÏøóÞõæÇ Èöåö¡
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(1) ã: ÝóÅöäøó.
(2) ã: ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú åóÐóíúäö.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö.
(4) ã: æóÑõÈøóãóÇ.
(5) ã: æóÚóáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.(7/193)
æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÏõÎõæáðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú Ðóãøò ÝóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÃóÏúÎóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåö¡ Ýóåöíó ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö (1) ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö Úóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ Ýóåöíó (2) ÍõÌøóÉñ [Úóáóíúåöãú] (3) ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó áóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÍóÇáò.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáËÇáË æÇáÚÔÑæä " åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 62] ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ãóßúÊõæÈñ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ (5) ¡ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÚóÈúÏöí æóÑóÓõæáöí ÃóíøóÏúÊõåõ ÈöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (6) ¡ æóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: ( {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} ¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÚóáöíøò (7) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (8) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
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(1) ä: ãöäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö.
(2) ã: ÝóåóÐöåö.
(3) Úóáóíúåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó) .
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 160 (ã) .
(5) ß: ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áöí.
(6) ß: æóÃóíøóÏúÊõåõ ÈöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) ß: ÈöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .(7/194)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÚóÒúæö Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÝóáóíúÓó (1) ÍõÌøóÉð ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö. æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " (2) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö "¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ íõäúÞöÖõ ÈõäúíóÇäóåõãú æóíóåúÏöãõ ÃóÑúßóÇäóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ [áóÇ] (3) íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõæäó Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÑúÌöÚõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ - åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ - Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö æóÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóßóÐöÈõåõ¡ ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö æóÑöÌóÇáöåö¡ æóåóáú åõãú ËöÞóÇÊñ ÓóãöÚó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò Ãóãú áóÇ¿ æóäóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÔóæóÇåöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ [Úóáóíúåö] (4) Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Èóíúäó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ ÕóÏøóÞúäóÇåõ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐöÈðÇ ßóÐøóÈúäóÇåõ.
ÝóäóÍúäõ äóÌöíÁõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóäõÕóÏøöÞõ Èöåö¡ áóÇ äóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóáóÇ äõßóÐøöÈõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóæú ßóÐøóÈó (5) ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äõßóÐøöÈóåõ Ýöí ßóÐöÈöåö æóÊóßúÐöíÈöåö áöáúÍóÞøö¡ ßóÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÝóáóíúÓóÊú.
(2) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÒøöÑößúáöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö " 1/150 Ãóäøó áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈó " ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " ßóÈöíÑñ¡ ÈóÞöíóÊú ãöäúåõ ÃóÌúÒóÇÁñ Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò æóÇÍöÏò ãóÎúØõæØò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö " Úóäúåõ: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÃóÔúíóÇÁó íóÊóÓóÇåóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõØúáöÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ æóáóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ. ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈñ ÑóÂåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú Ýöí ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÝóÙöíÚñ áóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ ÍößóÇíóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáõ Þóæúáó ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Èóáú åõãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ãóÞúÈõæáóÇäö¡ áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ áóåõãóÇ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÓóÇßöÊóíúäö ÚóäúåóÇ ".
(3) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) .
(4) Úóáóíúåö: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) Ó¡ È: æóßóÐøóÈó.(7/195)
ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö æóÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó Èöåö: ÕöÏøöíÞõåõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ äóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (1) . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ - ãöãøóÇ ÌóÒóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóåõ (2) ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ æóÇááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó - äóÚúáóãõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöäóÇ¡ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó áóäóÇ Åöáóì ÏóÝúÚöåö¡ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó [ßóÐöÈñ] (3) ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ äóÙóÇÆöÑõåõ (4) ãöãøóÇ äóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö ãöËúáó Ðóáößó.
æóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÈöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö íóÚúÑöÝõ¡ æóßõáøõ ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Úöáúãñ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ãóÚóäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉö ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö íóÍúáöÝõæäó Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÛúÔõæÔñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóäú áóÇ ÎöÈúÑóÉó áóåõ áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÛúÔõæÔö æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóáøóÝó Èóíúäó ÞõáõæÈöåöãú áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞúÊó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ ãóÇ ÃóáøóÝúÊó Èóíúäó ÞõáõæÈöåöãú æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóáøóÝó Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 62 - 63] . æóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóÏóÏñ ãõÄóáøóÝñ Èóíúäó ÞõáõæÈöåöãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóÇÍöÏñ [ãöäúåõãú] (5) áóíúÓó áóåõ ÞõáõæÈñ íõÄóáøóÝõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ.
æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó (6) ÕöíÛóÉõ (7) ÌóãúÚò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ äóÕøñ ÕóÑöíÍñ áóÇ íóÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö æóÇÍöÏðÇ
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó.
(2) Ó¡ È: íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ¡ ä: äóÓúåóÏõ (ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò) áóåõ.
(3) ßóÐöÈñ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(4) Ó¡ È: äóÙöíÑõåõ.
(5) ãöäúåõãú: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) Ó¡ È: æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
(7) È: ÕöÝóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(7/196)
ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ æóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóÍúÏóåõ¿
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞöíóÇãõ Ïöíäöåö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó (1) ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ¡ ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó åóÏóì ãóäú åóÏóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÇáäøõÕúÑóÉö¡ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöÚóáöíøò æóÍúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúíöíÏö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú (2) ÅöíãóÇäõ ÇáäøóÇÓö æóåöÌúÑóÊõåõãú æóáóÇ äõÕúÑóÊõåõãú Úóáóì íóÏö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Úóáöíøñ ãõäúÊóÕöÈðÇ: áóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áöáÏøóÚúæóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõäúÊóÕöÈðÇ áöÐóáößó¡ æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏö Úóáöíøò ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Èóáú áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏö Úóáöíøò ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö (3) ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó æóÞóÚó Ðóáößó æóáóíúÓó ÃõæáóÆößó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì íóÏö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó íóÏúÚõæ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóíõäóÇÙöÑõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÏúÚõæåõãú æóíõäóÇÙöÑõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó íóÎóÇÝõæäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
Èóáú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöÏö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ «áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÃõÍõÏò æóÇäúåóÒóãó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ ÕóÚöÏó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Úóáóì (4) ÇáúÌóÈóáö æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿ [ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ¿] (5) ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
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(1) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ.
(3) Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÝöí (ä) : Úóáóì íóÏöåö.
(4) Ó¡ È: Åöáóì.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.(7/197)
" áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ ". ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¿ ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ " ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " áóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ ". ÝóÞóÇáó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ÃóãøóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÝóÞóÏú ßõÝöíÊõãõæåõãú. Ýóáóãú íóãúáößú ÚõãóÑõ (1) - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - äóÝúÓóåõ Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÈúÊó íóÇ ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÏóÏúÊó (2) áóÃóÍúíóÇÁñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó áóßó ãóÇ íóÓõæÁõßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóæúãñ Èöíóæúãö ÈóÏúÑò. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: áóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ ÞóÊúáóÇäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÞóÊúáóÇßõãú Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö. Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó íóÑúÊóÌöÒõ æóíóÞõæáõ:
ÇÚúáõ åõÈóáú. . ÇÚúáõ åõÈõáú.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóáóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ (3) ¿ " ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÞõæáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóì æóÃóÌóáøõ " ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó áóäóÇ ÇáúÚõÒøóì æóáóÇ ÚõÒøóì áóßõãú. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóáóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ (4) " ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÞõæáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ ãóæúáóÇäóÇ æóáóÇ ãóæúáóì áóßõãú " ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóÊóÌöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ãõËúáóÉð áóãú ÂãõÑú ÈöåóÇ æóáóãú ÊóÓõÄúäöí» (5) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÌóíúÔõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÎóÇÆöÝöíäó ãöäú Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóæú ØóáúÍóÉó Ãóæö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãú¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó áöáÑøóÓõæáö ÊóÃúíöíÏñ ÈöåóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ßóÊóÃúíöíÏöåö ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ áóßóÇäó íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäúåõãú ßóãóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíó áöáÓøõÄóÇáö (6) ÞóÇÆöãñ¡ æóÇáúãóÇäöÚõ
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(1) ã ÍóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ã: ÐóßóÑúÊó.
(3) È: ÃóÌöíÈõæåõ.
(4) È: ÃóÌöíÈõæåõ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 1/523
(6) ä¡ Ó: áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(7/198)
ãõäúÊóÝò¡ æóãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö (1) íóÌöÈõ ãóÚóåõ (2) æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áöÚóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóËóÑñ ÍóÓóäñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóáöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöËúáõåõ¡ æóáöÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÂËóÇÑñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÂËóÇÑöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãñ áöãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáÓøöíÑóÉó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöäóÞúáö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáØøõÑõÞöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÈóÇÈõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ãóÝúÊõæÍñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ (3) íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ {æóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóæú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 68] .
æóãóÌúãõæÚõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊöÓúÚõ ãóÛóÇÒò¡ æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ßõáøõåóÇ ÈöÖúÚñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÛóÒóÇÉð (4) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó (5) .
æóãóÌúãõæÚõ ãóäú ÞõÊöáó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Ýöí ÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÈúáõÛõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøó¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú [Úóáöíøñ] (6) ãöäúåõãú ÚõÔúÑóåõãú æóáóÇ äöÕúÝó ÚõÔúÑöåöãö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÎúÑõÌõ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóáóãú íóÔúåóÏú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÊõæÍóÇÊö: áóÇ åõæó æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóáóÇ ØóáúÍóÉõ¡
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(2) ãóÚóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ã: ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈõ.
(4) ã: ÛóÒöíøóÉð.
(5) ã: ÊöÓúÚöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÚóÏóÏö ÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ æóÈõÚõæËóåõ¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 1/129 - 130¡ ÌóæóÇãöÚó ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ Õ 16 - 21¡ ÕóÍöíÍó ãõÓúáöãò 3/1447 - 1448 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÚóÏóÏö ÛóÒóæóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) .
(6) Úóáöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó)(7/199)
æóáóÇ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Íöíäó ÎóÑóÌó (1) Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ ÝóÞóÏú ÔóåöÏó ÝóÊúÍó ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÓóÚúÏñ ÔóåöÏó ÝóÊúÍó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÓöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÝóÊúÍó ÇáÔøóÇãö.
ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÊóÃúíöíÏõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (2) Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑöåöãú æóÇáúÍóÇáõ åóÐöåö¿ æóÃóíúäó ÊóÃúíöíÏõåõ ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßõáøöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¿
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóíóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò äóÍúæó (3) ÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóíóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóíóæúãó ÈóíúÚóÉö ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäö ÃóáúÝðÇ æóÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÔóåöÏõæÇ ÝóÊúÍó ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóíóæúãó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÂáóÇÝò¡ æóíóæúãó Íõäóíúäò ßóÇäõæÇ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÃóáúÝðÇ: Êöáúßó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉõ (4) ¡ æóÇáØøõáóÞóÇÁõ ÃóáúÝóÇäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÈõæßõ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÕóì ãóäú ÔóåöÏóåóÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ËóáóÇËöíäó [ÃóáúÝðÇ] (5) . æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÌøóÉõ ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÕóì ãóäú ÔóåöÏóåóÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏöåö (6) ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ (7) ãóäú ÑóÂåõ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóíøóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáúíóãóäö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. æóßõáøõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóíøóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóäú Âãóäó æóÌóÇåóÏó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÏóÎóáó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì (8) .
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(1) Ó¡ È: íóÎúÑõÌõ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
(3) äóÍúæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) ä¡ Ó: ÚóÔóÑóÉñ.
(5) ÃóáúÝðÇ: Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) Ó¡ È: Úóáóì ÚóåúÏöåóÇ.
(7) È: ÃóÕúäóÇÝõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) Ó¡ È:. . ÇáúãóÚúäóì: æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.(7/200)
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÑÇÈÚ æÇáÚÔÑæä " íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (1) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 64] . ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÞóÇáó: äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò (2) . æóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáú áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ãóäúÚõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ (3) ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÝöÑúíóÉö Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 64] ãóÚúäóÇåõ: Ãóäøó (4) Çááøóåõ ÍóÓúÈõßó æóÍóÓúÈõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Ýóåõæó æóÍúÏóåõ ßóÇÝöíßó æóßóÇÝöí ãóäú ãóÚóßó (5) ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó. æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ: ÍóÓúÈõßó æóÒóíúÏðÇ ÏöÑúåóãñ.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
ÝóÍóÓúÈõßó æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßó ÓóíúÝõ ãõåóäøóÏö
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(1) Ýöí (ß) Õ 160 (ã) 161 (ã) .
(2) ß: Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ßóáóÇãñ.
(4) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) ã: ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó.(7/201)
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó " ÍóÓúÈó " ãóÕúÏóÑñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃõÖöíÝó áóãú íóÍúÓõäö ÇáúÚóØúÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÑøö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóØúÝó ÈöÏõæäö Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ Ýöí ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Ýóåõæó Þóáöíáñ¡ æóÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇÑøö ÃóÍúÓóäõ æóÃóÝúÕóÍõ¡ ÝóÚóØóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÇáúãõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÕõæÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÝóÍóÓúÈõßó æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßó " [ãóÚúäóÇåõ: íóßúÝöíßó æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßó] (1) .
æóÇáúãóÕúÏóÑõ íóÚúãóáõ Úóãóáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÖöíÝó Úóãöáó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Åöäú ÃõÖöíÝó Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö äóÕóÈó ÇáúãóÝúÚõæáó¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÖöíÝó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÝúÚõæáö ÑóÝóÚó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáó¡ ÝóÊóÞõæáõ: ÃóÚúÌóÈóäöí ÏóÞøõ ÇáúÞóÕøóÇÑö ÇáËøóæúÈó¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÌúåõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö. æóÊóÞõæáõ: ÃóÚúÌóÈóäöí ÏóÞøõ ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáúÞóÕøóÇÑõ.
æóãöäó ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÚúãóÇáõåõ ãõäóßøóÑðÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú ÅöÚúãóÇáöåö ãõÖóÇÝðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Þóæöíó ÔóÈóåõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÅöÖóÇÝóÊóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÅöÚúãóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú ÊóäúßöíÑöåö æóÅöÚúãóÇáöåö ÝöíåöãóÇ. ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÃóÚúÌóÈóäöí ÏóÞøõ ÇáúÞóÕøóÇÑö ÇáËøóæúÈó. ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ÏóÞøõ ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáúÞóÕøóÇÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóäúßöíÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉõ ÃóÎóÝøõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÇÓúãñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöíåö Ãóäú íõÖóÇÝó æóáóÇ íõÚúãóáó¡ áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÊóÚóÐøóÑóÊú ÅöÖóÇÝóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö æóÇáúãóÝúÚõæáö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ ÃõÖöíÝó Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ æóÃõÚúãöáó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö (2) .
æóåóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝóÇÊö: Åöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÅöÖóÇÝóÊõåóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ (3) ¡ ßóÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóì ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ. ßóÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÍóÑøóãó ÈóíúÚó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ æóÝöí (È) ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò åöíó " ãóÕúÏóÑñ ".
(2) ã: æóÚóãöáó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
(3) Ó¡ È: Åöäú ÃõÖöíÝó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ.(7/202)
ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÇáúãóíúÊóÉö [æóÇáÏøóãö] (1) æóÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö æóÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö» " (2) .
æóßóÞóæúáöåöãú: «äóåóì Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáúãóáóÇÞöíÍö æóÇáúãóÖóÇãöíäö æóÍóÈóáö (3) ÇáúÍóÈóáóÉö» .
æóÅöäú ÊóÚóÐøóÑó áóãú íóÍúÓõäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóÞóæúáößó: ÍóÓúÈõßó æóÒóíúÏðÇ ÏöÑúåóãñ¡ ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó ÓóßóäðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ÍõÓúÈóÇäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 96] (4) ¡ äõÕöÈó åóÐóÇ (5) Úóáóì ãóÍóáøö Çááøóíúáö ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ßóÇáúãóÕúÏóÑö¡ æóíõÖóÇÝõ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóíóÚúãóáõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì (6) .
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(1) æóÇáÏøóãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/84 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíúÚö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö æóÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÍóÑøóãó ÈóíúÚó ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÇáúãóíúÊóÉö æóÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö æóÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö "¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1207 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÇÞóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÇáúãóíúÊóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö æóÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/732 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ ÈóíúÚõåõ) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö " 3/324¡ 326.
(3) ã: æóÌóÚúáö.
(4) ä¡ Ó: æóÌóÇÚöáõ Çááøóíúáö. . .¡ æóÝöíåöãóÇ æóÝöí (È) ßóáöãóÉõ " Ðóáößó " ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " ÍõÓúÈóÇäðÇ " æóåöíó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: äóÕóÈó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ.
(6) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 11/556 - 557 " æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ " æóÌóÇÚöáõ Çááøóíúáó ÓóßóäðÇ "¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉó ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃó Ðóáößó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÞõÑøóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó¡ " æóÌóÇÚöáõ Çááøóíúáö " ÈöÇáúÃóáöÝö Úóáóì áóÝúÙö ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ æóÑóÝóÚóåõ ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì " ÝóÇáöÞõ " æóÎóÝóÖó " Çááøóíúáö " ÈöÅöÖóÇÝóÉö " ÌóÇÚöáõ " Åöáóíúåö¡ æóäóÕóÈó " ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó "¡ ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóæúÖöÚö Çááøóíúáö áöÃóäøó Çááøóíúáó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÎúÝõæÖðÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáäøóÕúÈö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÝúÚõæáõ " ÌóÇÚöáõ " æóÍóÓõäó ÚóØúÝõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÚúäóì " Çááøóíúáö " áóÇ Úóáóì áóÝúÙöåö¡ áöÏõÎõæáö Þóæúáö: " ÓóßóäðÇ " Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó " Çááøóíúáö ". . . .¡ æóÞóÑóÃó Ðóáößó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÞõÑøóÇÁö ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó " æóÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó ÓóßóäðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó "¡ Úóáóì " ÝóÚóáó " ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóäóÕúÈö " Çááøóíúáó ".(7/203)
æóÞóÏú Ùóäøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÛóÇáöØöíäó (1) Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÂíóÉö: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍóÓúÈõßó¡ æóíóßõæäõ: {ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó} (2) ÑóÝúÚðÇ ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃñ ÞóÈöíÍñ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöáúßõÝúÑö (3) ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó æóÍúÏóåõ ÍóÓúÈõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚõæÇ áóßõãú ÝóÇÎúÔóæúåõãú ÝóÒóÇÏóåõãú ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 173] * Ãóíö: Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ ßóÇÝöíäóÇ ßõáøóäóÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö: ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Íöíäó ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÇáóåóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ Íöíäó ÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚõæÇ áóßõãú ÝóÇÎúÔóæúåõãú ÝóÒóÇÏóåõãú ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ * (4) (5) .
Ýóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÓúÈöí Çááøóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÔúÑößú ÈöÇááøóåö ÛóíúÑóåõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÍóÓúÈóåõ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóÍúÏóåõ ÍóÓúÈõåõ áóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóáóíúÓó Çááøóåõ ÈößóÇÝò ÚóÈúÏóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 36] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæú Ãóäøóåõãú ÑóÖõæÇ ãóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÓóíõÄúÊöíäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 59] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÑúÖóæúÇ ãóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÅöáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõæÇ: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöíÊóÇÁó (6) íóßõæäõ ÈöÅöÐúäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ ÂÊóÇßõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÝóÎõÐõæåõ æóãóÇ äóåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ ÝóÇäúÊóåõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7]
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóäú ãóÚóßó.
(3) ã: ÇáúßõÝúÑö.
(4) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/39 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó) ¡ ÈóÇÈõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚõæÇ áóßõãú ÝóÇÎúÔóæúåõãõ. . . ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 2/147.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó.(7/204)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÛúÈóÉõ ÝóÅöáóì Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛúÊó ÝóÇäúÕóÈú - æóÅöáóì ÑóÈøößó ÝóÇÑúÛóÈú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÍö: 7] .
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÍóÓøõÈõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáÊøóæóßøõáõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõæÇ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌõÒú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ * ÍóÓúÈó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö¡ ßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÍóÓúÈðÇ áöÑóÓõæáöåö¿ !
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ãõÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ ßóÍóÇÌóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöáóì Çááøóåö * (1) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõãú ãöäú ÍóÓúÈöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚõæäóÊõåõãú æóÞõæøóÊõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÞõæøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäúåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáÏøóæúÑó¡ Èóáú ÞõæøóÊõåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÞõæøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ [ÝóÇááøóåõ] æóÍúÏóåõ (2) íóÎúáõÞõ ÞõæøóÊóåõãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ íóÎúáõÞõ ÞõæøóÉó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóßó ÈöäóÕúÑöåö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóÃóáøóÝó Èóíúäó ÞõáõæÈöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 62 - 63] ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÄóíøöÏõ áöáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÔóíúÆóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: äóÕúÑõåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÕõÑõ Èöåö (3) ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÊóì Èöåöãú.
æóåõäóÇßó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: äóÕúÑõ Çááøóåö. ÝóäóÕúÑõ Çááøóåö ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú (4) ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÚóØóÝó ãóÇ ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÅöÐú ßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãöäúåõ. æóÃóãøóÇ åõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóÇËö ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ Èóáú åõæó æóÍúÏóåõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ (5) ÊóÈóíøóäó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÑóÊøóÈõæÇ ÌóåúáðÇ Úóáóì Ìóåúáò¡ ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ Ýöí
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(2) Ó: ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(4) : ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ.(7/205)
ÙõáõãóÇÊò ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} ãóÚúäóÇåõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍóÓúÈõßó¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ åõãú (1) Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò.
æóÌóåúáõåõãú [Ýöí] (2) åóÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú Ìóåúáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÞóÏú íóÔúÊóÈöåõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ (3) íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÚóÇÞöáò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú æóÍúÏóåõ [ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö] (4) ßóÇÝöíðÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóãóÇ ÃóÞóÇãó Ïöíäóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóãú íõÛúäö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö æóãóÚóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÌõíõæÔö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Èóáú áóãøóÇ ÍóÇÑóÈóåõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ ßóÇäó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ãõÞóÇæöãðÇ áóåõ Ãóæú ãõÓúÊóÙúåöÑðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöÞõæøóÉö ÞöÊóÇáò Ãóæú ÞõæøóÉö ãóßúÑò æóÇÍúÊöíóÇáò (5) ¡ ÝóÇáúÍóÑúÈõ ÎõÏúÚóÉñ:
ÇáÑøóÃúíõ ÞóÈúáó ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÇáÔøõÌúÚóÇäö ... åõæó Ãóæøóáñ æóåöíó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ áöäóÝúÓò ãóÑøóÉð ÈóáóÛóÊú (6) ãöäó ÇáúÚóáúíóÇÁö ßõáøó ãóßóÇäö (7) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÛúäö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÛúäöí Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÚúÏóÇÄõåõ¿ !
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÛúáöÈú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ áöÃóäøó ÌóíúÔóåõ áóÇ íõØöíÚõæäóåõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) : ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) : Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ¡ ã: ÝóãóÇ.
(4) ÇáúÎóáúÞö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) : æóÇÍúÊöíóÇÑò¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑò.
(6) ¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ áöÚóÈúÏò ãóÑøóÉð: ÈóáóÛóÇ.
(7) ÇáúÈóíúÊóÇäö áöáúãõÊóäóÈøöí Ýöí ãóØúáóÚö ÞóÕöíÏóÉò íóãúÏóÍõ ÈöåóÇ ÓóíúÝó ÇáÏøóæúáóÉö ÚöäúÏó ãõäúÕóÑóÝöåö ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÑøõæãö ÓóäóÉó 345 ÇäúÙõÑú: ÔóÑúÍó ÏöíæóÇäö ÇáúãõÊóäóÈøöí 4/307 æóÖúÚó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÈõÑúÞõæÞöíøö¡ Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö¡ ÈóíúÑõæÊó.(7/206)
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóãú íõØöíÚõæåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõØöíÚõåõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúÝõÑõæäó ÈöäóÈöíøöåö æóÈöåö¿ !
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ íóÌúãóÚõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö ; áöÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóÙõáúãöåöãú: íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóßúãóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞõÏúÑóÉð æóÔóÌóÇÚóÉð¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÚóáõæåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÞóÇãó Ïöíäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ßóÇäó ãõÍúÊóÇÌðÇ Åöáóíúåö. æóíóÞõæáõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÅöÐú íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ (1) ÔóÑöíßðÇ áöáøóåö Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö Ïöíäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Ëõãøó íóÕöÝõæäóåõ ÈöÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÚóÌúÒö æóÇáÖøóÚúÝö æóÇáúÌóÒóÚö æóÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÞõæøóÊöåö æóÏõÎõæáö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåö ÃóÝúæóÇÌðÇ (2) .
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈóÚúÏó ÏõÎõæáöåöãú Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóÊúÈóÚõ áöáúÍóÞøö ãöäúåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÏõÎõæáöåöãú Ýöíåö¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÔóÇÑößðÇ áöáøóåö Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö Ïöíäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóåóÑó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÃóÓúáóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÞóåúÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÈóÛóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ åõãú ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö (3) ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóÞóáøõ ãöäúåõãú ÔóæúßóÉð¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäúåõãú¿ !
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó Íöíäó ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóäú äóÇÒóÚó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÇáÔøóÇãö æóÇáúíóãóäö æóãöÕúÑó æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ßõáøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ¡ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ãõÔúÑößò æóßöÊóÇÈöíøò æóãóÌõæÓöíøò æóÕóÇÈöÆò¡ æóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäóÊú ÌóÒöíÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇãö æóãöÕúÑó æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö.
ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÞóáøó ãöäúåõãú
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ.
(2) ÃóÝúæóÇÌðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ã: Ýóåõãú ÃóÞóáøõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö.(7/207)
æóÃóÖúÚóÝó¡ æóÃóÞóáøó (1) ÚóÏóÇæóÉð ãöäúåõãú áóåõ (2) ÚöäúÏó ãóÈúÚóËöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäõæÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÞóáøó ãöäúåõãú æóÃóÖúÚóÝó¡ æóÃóÞóáøó ÚóÏóÇæóÉð ãöäúåõãú áóåõ (3) Íöíäó ÈõÚöËó ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íõÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ¡ åõæó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇÊóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÇÊóáóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóÐøóÈó ÈöãóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó Úóáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö ÞóÏú ÖóÚõÝó æóÚóÌóÒó Úóäú äóÕúÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÏóÝúÚö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÍóÇáõåõ Íöíäó ÇáúãóÈúÚóËö (4) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÖúÚóÝõ æóÃóÚúÌóÒõ¡ æóÃóÚúÏóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÃóÚúÙóãõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóÔóÏøõ ÚóÏóÇæóÉð¿ !
æóãöËúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöËúáõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: ÇÏøóÚóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóãóáöíßõåõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ. Ëõãøó íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁóåõ ÕóÝóÚõæåõ æóæóÖóÚõæÇ ÇáÔøóæúßó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö æóÕóáóÈõæåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó íóÓúÊóÛöíËõ ÝóáóÇ íõÛöíËõæåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ [ÃóÝúáóÍõæÇ] ÈöÏóÚúæóì (5) Êöáúßó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö åóÐöåö ÇáÐøöáøóÉö ÇáÊøóÇãøóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈöÑöÖóÇåõ (6) .
Þöíáó: ÝóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúÖóì ÈöÃóäú íõØóÇÚó áóÇ ÈöÃóäú íõÚúÕóì. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõåõ æóÕóáúÈõåõ ÈöÑöÖóÇåõ (7) ¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð æóØóÇÚóÉð áöáøóåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÕóáóÈõæåõ ÚóÇÈöÏöíäó
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(1) æóÃóÞóáøó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) (È) .
(3) Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ã) ¡ (Ó) (È) .
(4) È: ÇáúÈóÚúËö.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÝóáóÇ íóÏóÚõæÇ¡ ä: ÝóáóÇ ÈöÏóÚúæóì¡ æóÒöÏúÊõ ßóáöãóÉó " ÃóÝúáóÍõæÇ " áöÊóÓúÊóÞöíãó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ æóßóáöãóÉõ " ÈöÑöÖóÇåõ " áóíúÓóÊú ãóäúÞõæØóÉð Ýöí (ã) æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(7) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ã) .(7/208)
áöáøóåö ãõØöíÚöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóíõãúÏóÍõæäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÐóãøõæäó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãóäú Ýöíåö ÔóÈóåñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÔõíõæÎöåöãú¡ ÊóÌöÏõåõãú Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÏøóÚúæóì æóÝöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÚóÌúÒö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «ËóáóÇËóÉñ áóÇ íõßóáøöãõåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóíúåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö (1) æóáóÇ íõÒóßøöíåöãú æóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ: ÔóíúÎñ ÒóÇäò¡ æóãóáößñ ßóÐøóÇÈñ¡ æóÝóÞöíÑñ ãõÎúÊóÇáñ ". æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " ÚóÇÆöáñ (2) ãóÒúåõæøñ " æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " æóÚóÇÆöáñ ãõÓúÊóßúÈöÑñ» " (3) æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö: ÇáúÝóÞúÑõ æóÇáÒøóäúØóÑóÉõ (4) .
ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ÔõíõæÎõ ÇáÏøóÚóÇæóì æóÇáÔøóØúÍö: íóÏøóÚöí ÃóÍóÏõåõãõ ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó æóãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóíóÚúÒöáõ ÇáÑøóÈøó Úóäú ÑõÈõæÈöíøóÊöåö æóÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóäú ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó (5) ÂÎöÑóÊõåõ ÔóÍøóÇÐñ íóØúáõÈõ ãóÇ íõÞöíÊõåõ (6) ¡ Ãóæú ÎóÇÆöÝñ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÙóÇáöãò Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚö ãóÙúáóãóÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÝúÊóÞöÑõ (7) Åöáóì áõÞúãóÉò¡ æóíóÎóÇÝõ ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò¡ ÝóÃóíúäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÞúÑõ æóÇáÐøõáøõ ãöäú ÏóÚúæóì ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö áöáúÛöäóì æóÇáúÚöÒøö¿ !
æóåóÐöåö ÍóÇáõ (8) ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú: {æóãóäú íõÔúÑößú ÈöÇááøóåö ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ ÎóÑøó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÊóÎúØóÝõåõ ÇáØøóíúÑõ Ãóæú Êóåúæöí Èöåö ÇáÑøöíÍõ Ýöí ãóßóÇäò ÓóÍöíÞò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 31] .
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(1) Ó¡ È: áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóáóÇ íõßóáøöãõåõãú.
(2) ÚóÇÆöáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/412
(4) ã: æóÇáÒøóÈúØóÑóÉõ.
(5) ã: ÃóËøóÑó.
(6) ä: ãóÇ íóÝúÊöäõåõ¡ ã: ãóÇ íõÛúäöíåö.
(7) ä: íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ¡ ã: ãõÝúÊóÞöÑñ.
(8) ã: ÍóÇáóÉõ.(7/209)
æóÞóÇáó: {ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ßóãóËóáö ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö ÇÊøóÎóÐóÊú ÈóíúÊðÇ æóÅöäøó Ãóæúåóäó ÇáúÈõíõæÊö áóÈóíúÊõ ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 41] æóÞóÇáó: {ÓóäõáúÞöí Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÇáÑøõÚúÈó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 151] .
æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Ýöíåöãú ÔöÑúßñ Èóíøöäñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ÃóÍúÈóÇÑóåõãú æóÑõåúÈóÇäóåõãú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈðÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáóåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÚóãøóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 31] . æóåóßóÐóÇ ãóäú ÃóÔúÈóåóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÇáäøõÓøóÇßö: Ýöíåö ÔöÑúßñ æóÛõáõæøñ¡ [ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÔöÑúßñ æóÛõáõæøñ] (1) æóÇáúíóåõæÏõ Ýöíåöãú ßöÈúÑñ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóßúÈöÑõ ãõÚóÇÞóÈñ ÈöÇáÐøõáøö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÖõÑöÈóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÐøöáøóÉõ Ãóíúäó ãóÇ ËõÞöÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÈúáò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÍóÈúáò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÈóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÛóÖóÈò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÖõÑöÈóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉõ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÝõÑõæäó ÈöÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö æóíóÞúÊõáõæäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøò Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ ÚóÕóæúÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÊóÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 112] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÝóßõáøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ Êóåúæóì ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãõ ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑúÊõãú ÝóÝóÑöíÞðÇ ßóÐøóÈúÊõãú æóÝóÑöíÞðÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 87] ÝóÊóßúÐöíÈõåõãú æóÞóÊúáõåõãú áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (2) ßóÇäó ÇÓúÊößúÈóÇÑðÇ.
ÝóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ Ýöíåöãú ÔóÈóåñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö ãöäú æóÌúåò¡ æóÔóÈóåñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãöäú æóÌúåò. ÝóÝöíåöãú ÔöÑúßñ æóÛõáõæøñ æóÊóÕúÏöíÞñ ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö ßóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÝöíåöãú ÌõÈúäñ æóßöÈúÑñ æóÍóÓóÏñ æóÊóßúÐöíÈñ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ßóÇáúíóåõæÏö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ã) ÝóÞóØú æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(2) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.(7/210)
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÛóíøóÑó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö æóÇáúÈöÏóÚö¡ ÊóÌöÏõåõãú Ýöí äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóäóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáúÛóíøö¡ Ýöíåöãú ÔöÑúßñ æóßöÈóÑñ.
áóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÃóÈúáóÛõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõãú ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÊóÚúØöíáðÇ áöÈõíõæÊö Çááøóåö æóãóÓóÇÌöÏöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌõãóÚö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚóÇÊö Åöáóì Çááøóåö. æóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁó ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íõæóÇáõæäóåõãú æóíóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó Èöåöãú (1) Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇæóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Ýóåõãú íõÚóÇÏõæäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóíõæóÇáõæäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÁóåõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚóÇÏõæäó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáúÎóáúÞö [ãöäó] ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó (2) æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóíõæóÇáõæäó ÃóßúÝóÑó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÕöíÑöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: åõãú ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ ÝóÞõáõæÈõåõãú æóÃóÈúÏóÇäõåõãú Åöáóíúåöãú Ãóãúíóáõ ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÌóãóÇåöíÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö æóÇáúÈöÏóÚö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúßóáóÇãö (3) æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöíåö ÔõÚúÈóÉñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉñ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö Çáúãõáõæßö æóÇáúæõÒóÑóÇÁö æóÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö æóÇáÊøõÌøóÇÑö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóÇáúÛóíøö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÎÇãÓ æÇáÚÔÑæä " ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì:
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(1) ä¡ Ó: æóíóÓúÊóÛöíËõæäó Èöåöãú.
(2) Ó: ÈöÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ È: ßóÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó. æóÓóÞóØóÊú " ãöäú " ãöäú (ä) .
(3) æóÇáúßóáóÇãö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ã) .
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 161 (ã) .(7/211)
{ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ (1) äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ (2) Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö [Ýöí] åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö (3) : " ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ: Åöäøóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: åõãú (4) Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö ". æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËó ÚöíóÇÖö Èúäö Ûõäúãò: Ãóäøóåõãú Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó: " «ÃóÊóÇßõãú Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö» ". ÝóÞóÏú äóÞóáó ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÓøóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ (5) Úóäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ åóÇÔöãò (6) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóíúÝõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÑóæúÞò¡ [Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö] (7) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò [Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúßõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] (8) ÞóÇáó: Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóæóÞóÚó (9) ãóÚúäóì (10) ÇáÓøõæÁö
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(1) ß: ÅöäøóåóÇ.
(2) Ó¡ È: Ïóáöíáñ.
(3) ä¡ Ó¡ È: æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(4) åõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 10/413 - 414.
(6) ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò.
(7) Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ó)
(9) È: æóÃóæúÞóÚó.
(10)) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: íóÚúäöí.(7/212)
Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÔúæö ÇáøóÐöí (1) Ýöíåöãú [ãöäó] ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó (2) æóãóäú Ýöí Úöáúãöåö Ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøõæÇ (3) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúßõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåö ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ} (4) : ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøóÉõ Ýöí ÏõæÑöåöãú (5) ¡ {ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ} : ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -.
æóÐóßóÑó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáÖøöÍøóÇßö æóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò (6) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Þóæúãñ Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ (7) ¡ æóÚóäú ÂÎóÑöíäó Ãóäøóåõãú Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö (8) ¡ æóÑóÌøóÍó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÑóåúØõ ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì (9) ¡ ÞóÇáó (10) : " æóáóæúáóÇ ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÚöäúÏöí [Ýöí Ðóáößó] ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó (11) ãóäú ÞóÇáó: åõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ " (12) ÞóÇáó: " áóãøóÇ ÇÑúÊóÏøó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøõæäó ÌóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - (13) .
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(1) ã: È: ÇáøóÐöíäó.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: Ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó.
(4) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó.
(5) È: Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú.
(6) ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/411 - 413
(7) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/417 - 418.
(8) ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/416 - 417
(9) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/419
(10) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10 Ê 419
(11) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏöí ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó.
(12) ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/419 " æóáóæúáóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÚöäúÏöí Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó ãóäú ÞóÇáó: åõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ".
(13) ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 10/420 " æóÞöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÐóßóÑóåõ áóãú íóÚöÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ãóäú íõÈóÏøöáóåõãú ÈöÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ãöäúåõãú íóæúãóÆöÐò ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó áöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíóÃúÊöíåöãú ÈöÎóíúÑò ãöäúåõãú ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Èöåöãú ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóÚöíÏò¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Èöåöãú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÚõãóÑó. . . Ó¡ È: áóãøóÇ.(7/213)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Þóæúáñ ÈöáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÞóÈõæáõåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ (1) åõæó ÃóÔúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ æóÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Ãóåúáó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ [ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö] (2) ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò íóÌúÚóáõæäóåóÇ (3) áöÚóáöíøò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóßúÑö ÇáÓøóíøöÆö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÍöíÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóåúáöåö.
æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáËøöÞóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈöÔóíúÎò ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåö Ïöíäñ æóÒõåúÏñ æóÃóÍúæóÇáñ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ áóßöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÊóÔóíøõÚñ. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ßöÊóÇÈñ íõÚóÙøöãõåõ¡ æóíóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÑóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐóåõ ãöäú ÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö¡ æóÈóÇáóÛó Ýöí æóÕúÝöåö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÍúÖóÑóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Èöåö ßöÊóÇÈñ (4) ÞóÏú ßõÊöÈó ÈöÎóØøò ÍóÓóäò¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóãóÏõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò ÌóãöíÚöåóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ÌóÚóáõæåóÇ áöÚóáöíøò. æóáóÚóáøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ßóÇäó ãöäú ÎóÒóÇÆöäö Èóäöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóæóÇÕøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóáóÇÍöÏóÉð ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉð ÛóÑóÖõåõãú ÞóáúÈõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú æóÖóÚõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí íõäóÇÞöÖõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÏøöíäó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ.
æóãöËúáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõÎöÐóÊú Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò¡ ßóãóÇ íóÙõäøõ ãöËúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö æóäóÍúæöåö ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó æóãõÓúáöãðÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóáóØõ íóÑõæÌõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ Ãóæú
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(1) Ó¡ È: áöãóÇ.
(2) ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) íóÌúÚóáõæäóåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) ã: æóÅöÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ Ó¡ È: æóÅöÐóÇ Èöåö ßöÊóÇÈñ.(7/214)
ßóÇäóÇ íóÊóÚóãøóÏóÇäö (1) ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÞóæúáóäóÇ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ÚóáóÇãóÉñ áóäóÇ Úóáóì [ËõÈõæÊö] (2) ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ (3) ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò¡ Èóáú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ (4) ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏú æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÞóÈúáó ÒóãóÇäöåö æóÝöí ÒóãóÇäöåö æóÈóÚúÏó ÒóãóÇäöåö ØóæóÇÆöÝõ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íõÎúáóÞö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ áóãú íóäúÞõÕú ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ æóÝóæúÞó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóæúáõäóÇ: ÑóæóÇåõ (5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ßóÞóæúáöäóÇ: ÞóÑóÃóåõ (6) ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉõ. æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãóäúÞõæáñ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉõ ÈöäóÞúáö ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍõ áóãú íõÞóáøöÏú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöíåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó æóãõÓúáöãðÇ¡ Èóáú ÌõãúåõæÑõ ãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóÇåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ãõÊóáóÞøðì ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãóÇ æóßóÐóáößó ÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ ÞóÏú äóÙóÑó (7) ÃóÆöãøóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞõæåõãóÇ (8) Úóáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍö (9) ãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóÇåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóæóÇÖöÚó íóÓöíÑóÉð¡ äóÍúæó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÇäúÊóÞóÏóåóÇ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö¡ æóåóÐöåö
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(1) ä¡ Ó¡ È: íóÚúÊóãöÏóÇäö.
(2) ËõÈõæÊö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(3) ã: áöÃóäøóåõ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÛóíúÑõåõãú.
(5) ã: ÑöæóÇíóÉõ.
(6) ã: ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ÞóÏú íóÙõäøõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) ã: æóæóÞóÝõæÇ.
(9) Ó¡ È: ÕöÍøóÉö.(7/215)
ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚõ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóÏóÉõ ÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÕóÑó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áóåõãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóÑøóÑóÊú Þóæúáó ÇáúãõäúÊóÞöÏóÉö (1) .
æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÝöíåóÇ ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõäúÊóÞóÏóÉð ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ ãöËúáó ÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÍóÈöíÈóÉó¡ æóÍóÏöíËö ÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö¡ æóÍóÏöíËö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ÈöËóáóÇËö ÑõßõæÚóÇÊò æóÃóßúËóÑó.
æóÝöíåóÇ ãóæóÇÖöÚõ áóÇ ÇäúÊöÞóÇÏó ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóíúäö Úóäö ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÑúæöí áóÝúÙðÇ Ýöíåö ÇäúÊöÞóÇÏñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÑúæöí ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúÂÎóÑó ÇáøóÐöí íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÞóÏñ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö áóÝúÙñ ãõäúÊóÞóÏñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÞóÏñ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ãóäú äóÞóÏó ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöÑúåóãò¡ Ýóáóãú íóÑõÌú Úóáóíúåö (2) ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÏóÑóÇåöãõ íóÓöíÑóÉñ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóåöíó ãõÛóíøóÑóÉñ áóíúÓóÊú ãóÛúÔõæÔóÉð ãóÍúÖóÉð¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöãóÇãñ Ýöí ÕóäúÚóÊöåö. æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÇäö ÓóÈúÚóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÍóÏöíËò æóßóÓúÑñ (3) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËóåõãóÇ ÇäúÊóÞóÏóåóÇ (4) ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúÌóåóÇÈöÐóÉõ ÞóÈúáóåõãú æóÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÑóæóÇåóÇ ÎóáóÇÆöÞõ áóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏóÇ áóÇ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉò æóáóÇ ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍò¡ æóÇááøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - åõæó ÇáúßóÝöíáõ ÈöÍöÝúÙö (5) åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ äóÍúäõ äóÒøóáúäóÇ ÇáÐøößúÑó æóÅöäøóÇ áóåõ áóÍóÇÝöÙõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 9] .
æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ ÛóÇáöÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö Ýöí ãóÐóÇåöÈö (6) ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöËúáö ÇáúÞõÏõæÑöíøö æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö æóÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö (7) æóÇáúÌóáøóÇÈö¡ ÛóÇáöÈõ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ
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(1) ä¡ È: ÞóÑøóÑóÊú Þóæúáó ÇáúãõäúÊóÞöÏö¡ ã: ÞóÑøóÑóÊö ÇáúãõäúÊóÞöÏóÉó.
(2) Úóáóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó)
(3) ã: æóßóËöíÑñ.
(4) Ó: ÇäúÞõÏúåóÇ¡ È: äóÞóÏóåóÇ.
(5) Ó¡ È: ÇáúÍóÝöíÙõ íóÍúÝóÙõ.
(6) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ãóÐúåóÈö.
(7) ã: æóÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö¡ Ó¡ È: æóÇáúÍóæúÝöíøö.(7/216)
Þöíáó: ÐóßóÑóåõ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÐúåóÈõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÞóáó Ðóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóåõãú ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÐúåóÈóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáõ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ äöÒóÇÚñ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ áóßöäú ÛóÇáöÈðÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ÝóÌõãúåõæÑõ ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÔóÏøõ ÚöäóÇíóÉð ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÖóÈúØðÇ áóåóÇ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö áöÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú¡ æóÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö [Ýöí ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö] (1) ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈöãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú¡ æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Èóíúäóåõãú (2) Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú ÊóäóÇÒõÚö ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ýöí ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ - áöÌóåúáöåöãú - íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÈöáõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö áöÚóáöíøò¡ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÝöÙó Çááøóåõ Èöåöãõ ÇáÐøößúÑó.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇÊóáó Ãóåúáó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇÊóáó ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöíó áöáäøõÈõæøóÉö æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚóåõ Èóäöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóåúáó ÇáúíóãóÇãóÉö. ÞóÏú Þöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ äóÍúæó ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó (3) ¡ æóÞóÇÊóáó ØõáóíúÍóÉó ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøó¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÈöäóÌúÏò¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ ãöäú ÃóÓóÏò æóÊóãöíãò æóÛóØóÝóÇäó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ ÇÏøóÚóÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÓóÌóÇÍñ¡ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ ãõÓóíúáöãóÉõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ ÈöÇáúßóÐøóÇÈóÉö.
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(1) Ýöí ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) Èóíúäóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÃóßúËóÑó.(7/217)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÊøóÈöÚú ãõÊóäóÈøöÆðÇ ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú Þóæúãñ ÃóÞóÑøõæÇ ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö¡ áóßöäö ÇãúÊóäóÚõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãóÇ ßóãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö. æóÞöÕóÕõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ íóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ ßõáøõ ãóäú áóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò.
æóÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáõæäó áöáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó [åõãú ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ] (1) ¡ æóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáÑøõæãö æóÇáúÝõÑúÓö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóáöåóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÓõÆöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " åõãú Þóæúãõ åóÐóÇ " (2) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó æóËóÈóÊõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Íöíäó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó¡ åõãú ÏóÇÎöáõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ÃóÐöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] .
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ ãöãøóäú íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó ÈöÃóÍóÞøó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ * ßóÇäó ÌöåóÇÏõåõ áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÌöåóÇÏö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö áöáÏøöíäö ÃóÚúÙóãõ * (3) ãöãøóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÈöåóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Èóáú ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú áóåõ ÓóÚúíñ ãóÔúßõæÑñ æóÚóãóáñ ãóÈúÑõæÑñ æóÂËóÇÑñ ÕóÇáöÍóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÌúÒöíåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö ÎóíúÑó ÌóÒóÇÁò¡ Ýóåõãõ
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(1) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáöíäó áöáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò¡ æóáóÚóáøó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ÊóÓúÊóÞöíãõ Èöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ.
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö 10/414 - 415 " æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö ".
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)(7/218)
ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãóåúÏöíøõæäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÖóæúÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÈöåö ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÏöáõæäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó Åöáóì ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó äóÝúÚõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó¡ ÝóíóÌúÚóáóåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ Ãóæú ÝõÓøóÇÞðÇ (1) ÙóáóãóÉð¡ æóíóÃúÊöíó Åöáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÌúÑö Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÌóÑóì Úóáóì íóÏö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ * ÝóíóÌúÚóáóåõ Çááøóåó Ãóæú ÔóÑöíßðÇ áöáøóåö¡ Ãóæú ÔóÑöíßó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú * (2) ÌóÚóáóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóäú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú åóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú ÃõæáóÆößó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóíóÌúÚóáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÕóáøõæäó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓó¡ æóíóÕõæãõæäó ÔóåúÑó ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóíóÍõÌøõæäó ÇáúÈóíúÊó¡ æóíõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö íóÌúÚóáõåõãú (3) ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÞöÊóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ Úóãóáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáÙøõáúãö æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Úóãóáõ ãóäú áóÇ ÚóÞúáó áóåõ æóáóÇ Ïöíäó æóáóÇ ÅöíãóÇäó.
æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó ßóÇäó ÒöäúÏöíÞðÇ ãõáúÍöÏðÇ¡ ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÅöÝúÓóÇÏõ [Ïöíäö] (4) ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóáöåóÐóÇ [ÕóÇÑó] (5) ÇáÑøóÝúÖõ ãóÃúæóì ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö ÇáúãõáúÍöÏöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö æóÇáúãõÚóØøöáóÉö (6) ¡ ßóÇáäøóÕöíÑöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú.
æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÝößúÑóÉö (7) ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó ßóÇäó ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÅöÝúÓóÇÏó (8)
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(1) ¡ È: æóÝõÓøóÇÞðÇ¡ ã: Ãóæú ÝóÓóÞóÉð.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ó) : ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ) ÅöáóÎú.
(3) íóÌúÚóáõåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(4) Ïöíäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÕóÇÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(6) ã: æóÇáúãõÈúØöáóÉö.
(7) ã: ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) ã: ÅöÝúÓóÇÏóåõ.(7/219)
Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóäóÞúÖó ÚõÑóÇåõ¡ æóÞóáúÚóåõ ÈöÚõÑõæÔöåö ÂÎöÑðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÕóÇÑó íóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõßöäøõåõ (1) ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÊöãøó äõæÑóåõ æóáóæú ßóÑöåó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Úóäö (2) ÇÈúäö ÓóÈóÃò æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáäøóÕøó Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ æóÇÈúÊóÏóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÕõæãñ. ÝóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ (4) ÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ åõãú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóÛöáúãóÇäõ ÇáúãõáúÍöÏöíäó¡ æóæóÑóËóÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÚúíóÇäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÇáúãõáúÍöÏöíäó.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÈú Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò¡ ÃóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ Èöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåóÇ íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¿ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúßõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåö ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò} . ÃóÝóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö áóíúÓõæÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó (5) áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÞóæúãðÇ Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö: áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
æóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åõæó æóÔöíÚóÊõåõ.
áóÞöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÃóÏúÎóáóÊú ãóÚó Úóáöíøò ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÝöíåóÇ ãöãøóäú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõæóÇáõæäó ÇáúíóåõæÏó æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ æóíõÚóÇÏõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚó Úóáöíøò ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö.
Þöíáó: æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö. ÝóßöáóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ãóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ.
(2) Ó¡ È: ÚöäúÏó.
(3) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(4) ã: æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ.
(5) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó.(7/220)
ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑóíúäö ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúíóãóÇäöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÞóíúÓöíøóÉõ Ýöíåöãú ßóËöíÑóÉð (1) ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÐúæóÇÁö Çáúíóãóäö ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ßóÐöí ßõáóÇÚò (2) æóÐöí ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÐöí ÑõÚóíúäò¡ æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãõ: ÇáÐøóæöíäõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
æóãóÇ ÃóÚúäöí ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÕúÛóÑóíúåöãú ... æóáóßöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Èöåö ÇáÐøóæöíäóÇ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ} áóÝúÙñ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÊóÚúíöíäñ. æóåõæó ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áöãóäú ÞóÇãó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÈöÚóáöíøò. æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ ÝóÈóØóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóäú íõÔóÇÑößõåõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÓúÊóæúÌöÈó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó.
Èóáú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúÊóÏøõ ÃóÍóÏñ [Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö] (3) Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÞóÇãó Çááøóåõ ÞõæúãðÇ íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ ÃóÐöáøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó.
æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉõ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ßóÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕöíÑöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÑúÊóÏøõæäó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóßóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøóÉö (4) .
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(1) ã: ßóËúÑóÉð.
(2) ã: ßóÐöí ÇáúßõáóÇÚö.
(3) Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ó: ßóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøóÉö¡ æóíóÞúÕöÏõ Èöåöãõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó åõäóÇ ÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøóÉó¡ æóåõãú ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ (1/14) ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ëõãøó ÝóÇÑóÞóåõãú æóåóÇÌóãó ãóÐúåóÈóåõãú æóÕóÇÑó ãõáúÍöÏðÇ ÒöäúÏöíÞðÇ¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøóÉõ ÝöÑóÞñ ãöäú ÝöÑóÞö ÇáúßóíúÓóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøõæÈóÎúÊöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÝöÑóÞö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö " Õ 57: " ÝóÇáúßóíúÓóÇäöíøóÉõ ßõáøõåóÇ áóÇ ÅöãóÇãó áóåóÇ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÊóÙöÑõæäó ÇáúãóæúÊóì ÅöáøóÇ " ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøóÉó " ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõËúÈöÊõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó Ýöí æóáóÏö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö æóÞóÇÏõæåóÇ Ýöíåöãú Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö ". æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøõæÈóÎúÊöíøö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó (Õ 54) " æóÝöÑúÞóÉñ ÞóÇáóÊú ÃóæúÕóì ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöÃóÑúÖö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÉö ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÚöäúÏó æóÝóÇÉö ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚóåóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÏóÝúÚóåóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ æóåõæó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ Ýóãóäú ÚóÑóÝóåõ ÝóáúíóÕúäóÚú ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÛõáóÇÉõ ÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøóÉö "¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøóÉö 1/14¡ 500: æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò Ýöí " ÇáúÝöÕóáö " 4/154 ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí æóáóÏö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö æóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÇæóäúÏöíøóÉõ ". æóÞóÏú äóÞóáúÊõ ßóáóÇãóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 1/500 - 503 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ 1¡ 546 æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö " Õ 281.(7/221)
æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÇáÑøöÏøóÉõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ßóÍóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÞöíãõ ÞóæúãðÇ íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ æóíõÌóÇåöÏõæäó ãóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞöíãõ ãóäú íõÌóÇåöÏõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåö¡ Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò.
æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáúãóÓúÆõæáõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó [æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó] (1) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò.
[ÝÕá ÇáÈÑåÇä ÇáÓÇÏÓ æÇáÚÔÑæä " æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑõÓõáöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú " æÇáÌæÇÈ Úáíå]
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ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑõÓõáöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 19] Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú (3) ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -:
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(1) æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ã) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 161 (ã) .
(3) ß: Åöáóì.(7/222)
" «ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó ËóáóÇËóÉñ: ÍóÈöíÈõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑõ ãõÄúãöäõ Âáö íóÇÓöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó. æóÍóÒúÞöíáõ ãõÄúãöäõ Âáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÞúÊõáõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÑóÈøöíó Çááøóåõ. æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÇáËøóÇáöËõ (1) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõåõãú» . æóäóÍúæõåõ Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö (2) ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ (3) æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö ". æóåóÐöåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó. æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ áóæú ßóÇäó ÑóæóÇåõº áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÑúæöí ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú ÕöÍøóÊõåõ. æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÚöáúãó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ (4) áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö æóäóÍúæöåö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ßõáøõ ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ Èóáú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãõÓúäóÏöåö åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóãøóäú åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÚöáøóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Èóáú ÈóÇØöáñ. áóßöäøó ÛóÇáöÈóåóÇ æóÌõãúåõæÑóåóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÌóíøöÏóÉñ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÌúæóÏõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ãõÍóÏøöËóåõ ÛóáöØó Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÐøóÈóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò (5) ÈöÍóÇáö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ Èóáú ÈöÏóáóÇÆöáó ÃõÎóÑó.
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(1) ß: Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ åõæó ÇáËøóÇáöËõ.
(2) È: ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÛóÇÒöíøö.
(3) ß: ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáöíøö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ.
(4) Ó¡ È: Ãóäú.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÚöáúãö.(7/223)
æóÇáúßõæÝöíøõæäó ßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóØó ßóÐöÈõåõãú ÈöÕöÏúÞöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóÎúÝóì ßóÐöÈõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãú Ãóæú ÛóáóØõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóáóßöäú íõÚúÑóÝõ Ðóáößó ÈöÏóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó. ÝóßóíúÝó æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóáóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö "¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøö (1) ÑóæóÇåõ (2) Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íõæäõÓó ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ (3) ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ (4) Èúäõ ÌõãóíúÚò ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì (5) (6 Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì (6) 6) [Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö] (7) ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ (8) .
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(1) ä: ÇáúÞóÚúäóäöíøö¡ ã¡ È: ÇáúÞóÚúíóäöíøö¡ Ó: ÇáúÞóÚúíóäöíøö¡ æóÑóÌøóÍúÊõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøö. æóÇáúÞóÚúäóÈöíøõ åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó Èúäö ÞóÚúäóÈò ÇáúÞóÚúäóÈöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 221¡ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ æóáóíúÓóÊú áóåõ ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ßõÊõÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáóãú ÊõÐúßóÑú Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö Ãóíøõ ÕöáóÉò Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÇäúÙõÑú: ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 6/31 - 33¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 4/280 - 281 æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÍóãúÏóÇäó Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøõ Ýóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÇÊö Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóÓóíóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò ÝóíóÞõæáõ: " æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó ". æõáöÏó ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøõ ÓóäóÉó 273 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 368 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö 2 6 - 7 ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ 4 73 - 74 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1 103.
(2) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 2 627 - 628 ÑóÞúãó 1072
(3) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ.
(4) Ó: ÚõãóÑõ.
(5) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÞóÇáó: äóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÌõãóíúÚò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì.
(6) (6 - 6) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ " æóÝöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÚöíÓóì Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì.
(7) Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ó) ¡ (È) .
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ æóÕöíøõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " ãóæúÖõæÚñ áöÃóÌúáö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÌõãóíúÚò ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóÞöíáó: ÃóÈöí ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÊúÑõæßñ ßóÐøóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ßóÇäó íõÊøóåóãõ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÈóÇÞöíó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö.(7/224)
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÞõØóíúÚöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÂÎóÑó ÞóÇáó (1) : ßóÊóÈó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÛóäøóÇãò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ (2) íóÐúßõÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì ÇáúãóßúÝõæÝó ÍóÏøóËóåõãú ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ (3) ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÌõãóíúÚò ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì Úóäú ÚöíÓóì (4) Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó (5) . æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÌõãóíúÚò ãöãøóäú áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöäóÞúáöåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: íõÊøóåóãõ (6) ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö. ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì: ßóÐøóÇÈñ ÎóÈöíËñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ãóÊúÑõæßñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúãóäóÇßöíÑó Úóäö ÇáúãóÔóÇåöíÑö¡ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ (7) ßóÊúÈõ ÍóÏöíËöåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö (8) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ (9) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóæúÖõæÚñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò ÊóÓúãöíóÉó ÛóíúÑö Úóáöíøò ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ¡ ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ¿
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóÚöÏó ÃõÍõÏðÇ¡
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(1) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: 2/655 - 656 ÑóÞúãõ 1117
(2) ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóÝöíãóÇ ßóÊóÈó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÅöáóÎú.
(3) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÃóäóÇ.
(4) ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: Èúäõ ÌõãóíúÚò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì Úóäú ÚöíÓóì Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö.
(5) ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ æóÕöíøõ Çááøóåö: " ãóæúÖõæÚñ ".
(6) È: ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ãõÊøóåóãñ.
(7) ä: áóÇ ÊóÍöáøõ.
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ æóÕöíøõ Çááøóåö: " ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁó áöáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö (Õ 299) ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍöíäó (2/77) ÇáúãöíÒóÇäó (3/251) ÇááøöÓóÇäó¡ 4/358
(9) åóÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) .(7/225)
æóÊóÈöÚóåõ (1) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÝó Èöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÇËúÈõÊú ÃõÍõÏõ ; ÝóãóÇ Úóáóíúßó ÅöáøóÇ äóÈöíøñ Ãóæú ÕöÏøöíÞñ æóÔóåöíÏóÇäö» " (2) . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóäóÓò (3) . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò " «ÇÑúÊóÌøó Èöåöãú ÃõÍõÏñ» (4) ".
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (5) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ æóÇáúÈöÑøó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÕúÏõÞõ æóíóÊóÍóÑøóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞó ÍóÊøóì íõßúÊóÈó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ¡ æóÅöíøóÇßõãú æóÇáúßóÐöÈó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÝõÌõæÑö¡ æóÇáúÝõÌõæÑó íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóßúÐöÈõ æóíóÊóÍóÑøóì ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÍóÊøóì íõßúÊóÈó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ» " (6) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú Óóãøóì ãóÑúíóãó ÕöÏøöíÞóÉð¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó ËóáóÇËóÉñ¿ !
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(1) ã: æóãóÚóåõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/501 (Ê [0 - 9] ) æóÝöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ " ÇËúÈõÊú ÍöÑóÇÁõ "¡ Ãóæú " ÇÓúßõäú ÍöÑóÇÁõ " ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÑóÞúãó 1638 Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 3/112 ÝóÝöíåö " ÇËúÈõÊú ÍöÑóÇÁõ Ãóæú ÃõÍõÏõ ".
(3) Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö " 3/112 æóÝöíåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäøó ÃóäóÓó Èúäó ãóÇáößò¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóäóÓò Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/15 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõËúãóÇäó) ¡ æóÝöíåö " ÃõÍõÏõ " ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäú " ÍöÑóÇÁõ " æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö Ýöí " ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö " 2/454 - 458 (ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÞúãö 875
(4) ÃõÍõÏñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ó) ¡ (È) ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/331
(5) ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/266(7/226)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÕöÏøöíÞó ÅöáøóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ (1) ßóÐöÈñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó (2) Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÇãöáó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíøóÉö åõãõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÎóØóÃñ ; áöÃóäøó ÃõãøóÊóäóÇ ÎóíúÑõ ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö ; ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöãõæÓóì æóÑõÓõáö ÚöíÓóì ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞöíäó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò¿ !
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íõÓóãøö ãõÄúãöäó Âáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì (3) ÕóÇÍöÈõ Âáö íóÇÓöíäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú ÕóÏøóÞõæÇ ÈöÇáÑøõÓõáö (4) . æóÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõæäó ÈöãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÞóÏú Óóãøóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ÕöÏøöíÞöíäó Ýöí ãöËúáö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 41] ¡ {æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 56] æóÞóæúáöåö Úóäú íõæÓõÝó: {ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 46] .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ (5) : Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑõÓõáöåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 19] . æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãõÄúãöäò Âãóäó (6) ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑõÓõáöåö (7) Ýóåõæó ÕöÏøöíÞñ (8) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö.
(3) Ó¡ È: æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì.
(4) ä: ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
(5) ä: ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ßõáøó ãóäú Âãóäó.
(7) ã: æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
(8) ä¡ Ó¡ È: ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ.(7/227)