æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ äóÇÒóÚóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÚóãúÏðÇ ÝóÚóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãõãúßöäóÉõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇ (1) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÓöíÁö Ýöí ÕóáóÇÊöåö¡ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó *) (2) : " «ÇÑúÌöÚú ÝóÕóáøö ; ÝóÅöäøóßó áóãú ÊõÕóáøö» " æóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ØõãóÃúäöíäóÉñ (3) ¡ ÝóÏóáøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó áóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÕóáóÇÉð¡ Èóáú íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (4) áóÇ íóäúÝöí ÇáöÇÓúãó ÅöáøóÇ áöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈóÚúÖö æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÝóÅöäøóßó (5) áóãú ÊõÕóáøö» " áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ æóáóãú Êóßõäú ÕóáóÇÊõåõ ÊóÇãøóÉð ãõÞóÇãóÉð ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇØúãóÃúäóäúÊõãú ÝóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 103] ÝóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÊúãóÇãöåóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÊúãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÌøö æóÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÃóÊöãøõæÇ ÇáúÍóÌøó æóÇáúÚõãúÑóÉó áöáøóåö}
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ã) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãõØóæøóáñ Ãóæøóáõåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ: ÇÑúÌöÚú ÝóÕóáøö ÝóÅöäøóßó áóãú ÊõÕóáøö. Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/135 - 136 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóäóËó äóÇÓöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/298 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æõÌõæÈö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÑóßúÚóÉò¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/185 - 187 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí æóÕúÝö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóäú ÑöÝóÇÚóÉó Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2¡ 96 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÝúÊöÊóÇÍö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÑúÖö ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/336 - 337 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÊúãóÇãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
(4) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) Ñ¡ Í¡ È: Åöäøóßó¡ ä: áöÃóäøóßó.(5/201)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 196] ÃóáúÒóãó (1) ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÝöíåöãóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ (2) ÊõÑößó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÌõÈúÑóÇäö. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú áóãú íóÃúÊö (3) ÈöÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö ÊóÇãøðÇ ÇáÊøóãóÇãó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó (4) æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÚóáóíúåö ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÉò Ãóæú ÌõÈúÑóÇäò.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóãóÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÂåõ íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö æóÍúÏóåõ Ãóäú íõÚöíÏó. æóÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöÝóÐøò ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö» " (5) . æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÓöíÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö
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(1) ÃóáúÒóãó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áóÒöãó.
(2) ÝóÅöÐóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÅöÐóÇ.
(3) Åöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ã) ¡ (í) ¡ æóÝöí (æ) : ãóäú áóãú íóÃúÊö.
(4) Í¡ È: ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ Èöåö ÈöÅöÊúãóÇãö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.
(5) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö æóáóßöäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/320 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö æóÍúÏóåõ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÈóÇíóÚúäóÇåõ æóÕóáøóíúäóÇ ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóíúäóÇ æóÑóÇÁóåõ ÕóáóÇÉð ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÞóÖóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ ÝóÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ ÝóÑúÏðÇ íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóæóÞóÝó Úóáóíúåö äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Íöíäó ÇäúÕóÑóÝó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇÓúÊóÞúÈöáú ÕóáóÇÊóßó¡ áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöáøóÐöí ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö¡ æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/23 ãóæóÇÑöÏõ ÇáÙøóãúÂäö Åöáóì ÒóæóÇÆöÏö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ Õ 116 ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 401¡ 402 Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö 1/322 æóÝöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/328 - 329 æóÊóßóáøóãó ØóæöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõäúÝóÑöÏö ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö 2/323 - 330 æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö æóÇÈöÕóÉó Èúäö ãóÚúÈóÏò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÚöíÏó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.(5/202)
ÑöÝóÇÚóÉó Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó ãóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ (1) ãöäú Ðóáößó íõÄóÇÎóÐõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö (2) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóíõÍúÓóÈõ áóåõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóãóäú áóãú íõÕóáøö.
Þöíáó: æóßóÐóáößó äóÞõæáõ (3) : ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåóÇ æóÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ¡ Èóáú íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ æóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö áöÏóÝúÚö ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÓóÈóÈñ áöáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ (4) ßóÇäó íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö áóÒöãóåõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÌõÈúÑóÇäñ Ãóæú Ãóãúßóäó ÝöÚúáõåõ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÝöÚúáõåõ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ (5) áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ ØóÇÚóÉð áóãú íõËóÈú Úóáóíúåö ÃóæøóáðÇ.
Þöíáó: åõæó ÃóæøóáðÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÓóÇåöíðÇ¡ ßóÇáøóÐöí íõÕóáøöí ÈöáóÇ æõÖõæÁò¡ Ãóæú íóÓúåõæ Úóäö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖö¡ ÝóíõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÈöäöÓúíóÇäöåö æóÎóØóÆöåö¡ áóßöäú íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÃóäøóåóÇ æóÇÌöÈóÉñ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÕóáøóÇåóÇ Ãóíøó æóÞúÊò (* ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÝöÚúáõ Ðóáößó *) (6) ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ (7) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ Èöåö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ (8) .
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í¡ æ: ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó¡ Í: ãóäú ÊóÑóßó.
(2) Ã: ÈöãóÇ íóÊúÑõßõåõ¡ æ: ÈöãóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã: íóÞõæáõ.
(4) È ÝóÞóØú: ÝóÅöäú.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú.
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú Ã.
(7) Í¡ È: ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ.
(8) Í¡ È: ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ.(5/203)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóáóæú ÊóÚóãøóÏó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúáóãõ æõÌõæÈóåóÇ.
Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøñ áöáúÚöÞóÇÈö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚóÇÕò ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÅöËúãõåõ ßóÅöËúãö ÇáÊøóÇÑößö. æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú (1) íõËóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóíúåö (2) ËóæóÇÈó ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö¡ Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó áóåõ Úóáóíúåö ËóæóÇÈðÇ ÈöÍóÓóÈöåö (3) ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ Ãóæú ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò ÎóíúÑðÇ íóÑóåõ æóãóäú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò ÔóÑøðÇ íóÑóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøóáúÒóáóÉö: 7 - 8] .
æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö æóÏõÚóÇÄõåõ ÎóíúÑñ. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúãõÓúáöãõ áóÇ íõÕóáøöí Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÞöÈúáóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö æõÖõæÁò Ãóæú ÑõßõæÚò Ãóæú ÓõÌõæÏò¡ æóãóäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáÐøóãøö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó íõãúßöäõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãóÚó (* ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãõÐúäöÈñ áóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö (4) ÇáöÇÓúÊöåóÇäóÉö (5) æóÇáöÇÓúÊöåúÒóÇÁö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúÝóÇÝö¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúßóÓóáö¡ Ãóäú íõËóÇÈó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ ßóãóäú ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÇáúãóÌúÈõæÑóÉö ÈöÏóãò¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ËóæóÇÈõåõ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãóÚó *) (6) ÛóíúÑöåö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÔõÈúåóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ãöãøóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó áóÇ íóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ æóáóÇ íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ æóáóÇ íóäúÞõÕõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ãöäúåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ÐóåóÈó ßõáøõåõ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈó ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò
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(1) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) Úóáóíúåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ã¡ í: íóÍúÓöÈõåõ.
(4) ØóÑöíÞö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÇáöÇÓúÊöåóÇäóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(6) : ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ã)(5/204)
ãóÊóì (1) ÐóåóÈó ãöäúåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ÐóåóÈó ßõáøõåõ¡ ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãöäúåóÇ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈóØóáóÊú. æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÊóÔóÚøóÈóÊú Èöåöãõ ÇáØøõÑõÞõ (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøóåõ íóÒöíÏõ æóíóäúÞõÕõ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÍóÈøóÉö (3) ÎóÑúÏóáò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò» (4) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ.
(2) íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó 1/198 - 201 Åöäøó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó áóÇ íóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ Ãóåúáõåõ Ýöíåö. æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ æóáóÇ íóäúÞõÕõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ: Åöäøó ÇáÓøöãøóÑöíøóÉó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó íõæäõÓó ÇáÓøöãøóÑöíøö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúÎõÖõæÚõ áóåõ æóåõæó ÊóÑúßõ ÇáöÇÓúÊößúÈóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö áóåõ¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊú Ýöíåö åóÐöåö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáõ Ýóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ áóæú ÊóÑóßó ÎóÕúáóÉð ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÔøöãúÑöíøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÔöãúÑò æóÇáúíõæäõÓöíøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ íõæäõÓó ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ýóåúãñ íóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúÎõÖõæÚõ áóåõ æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ æóÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑõ ÈöÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ Èöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøõæäó ßõáøó ÎóÕúáóÉò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÅöíãóÇäò ÍóÊøóì ÊóÌúÊóãöÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÎóÕóÇáõ¡ ãöËúáó ÇáúÝóÑóÓö áóÇ ÊõÓóãøóì ÈóáúÞóÇÁó ÍóÊøóì íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÓøóæóÇÏõ æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÈöíÈóÉõ ãöäú ãõÑúÌöÆóÉö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÕóÇÈóÉö ßõáøö ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÕúáóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ØóÇÚóÉð æóÈóÚúÖó ÅöíãóÇäò æóáóßöäú íóßõæäõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö.
(3) á æ: ÍóÈøóÉò ãöäú ÎóÑúÏóáò.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/93 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúßöÈúÑö æóÈóíóÇäöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáñ ÍóÈøóÉö ÎóÑúÏóáò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ íõÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÍóÈøóÉö ÎóÑúÏóáò ãöäú ßöÈúÑöíóÇÁó¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò íóÓöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/84 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇááøöÈóÇÓö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúßöÈúÑö¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/22 - 23 ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÉö Ìóåóäøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ãóäøó áöáäøóÇÑö äóÝóÓóíúäö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò: Ýóãóäú Ôóßøó ÝóáúíóÞúÑóÃú (Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÙúáöãõ ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò) ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÐóßóÑõåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö: ÕóÍöíÍñ æóåõæó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÓõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö.(5/205)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ äóÞóÕó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó Ðóáößó ÇáúßóãóÇáõ æóÇáÊøóãóÇãõ¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ äóÝúíõ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö äóÝúíõ Ðóáößó ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÐóäúÈðÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÕöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöíäó áöËóæóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÍúÖö ÇáúÎóÇáöÕö Úóäö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ÝóÚóáó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáËøóæóÇÈó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó. æóÇáúãóäúÝöíøõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚõ áóÇ ßõáøõ ÌõÒúÁò ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÔúÑóÉö¡ áóãú ÊóÈúÞó ÇáúÚóÔúÑóÉõ ÚóÔóÑóÉð¡ áóßöäú ÈóÞöíó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Ãóäøóåõ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ (1) ãöäúåóÇ æóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇÞöí¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ (2) Åöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÊóØóæøõÚñ ÌõÈöÑó ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÈöÇáÊøóØóæøõÚö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÈóÇØöáðÇ æóÌõæÏõåõ ßóÚóÏóãöåö áóÇ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóíúåö áóãú íõÌúÈóÑú ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÝöáö ÔóíúÁñ. æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó Ïóáøó ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÓöíÁö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö (3) : Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ äóÞóÕó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃõËöíÈó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ.
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊó: ÝóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ íõØúáöÞõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóØóáóÊú ÕóáóÇÊõåõ æóÕóæúãõåõ æóÍóÌøõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãöäúåõ ÑõßúäðÇ.
Þöíáó: áöÃóäøó ÇáúÈóÇØöáó Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ÖöÏøõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ãóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó.
(2) Åöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) æ: ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓöíÁö.(5/206)
ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ æóÊóÑóÊøóÈó Úóáóíúåö Íõßúãõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÐøöãøóÉö. æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÞóØó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó. ÝóÕóÇÑó Þóæúáõåõãú: ÈóØóáóÊú¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì: æóÌóÈó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ¡ áóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõËóÇÈõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáäøóÝúíõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «áóÇ íóÒúäöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí Íöíäó íóÒúäöí æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ» " (1) ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «áóÇ ÅöíãóÇäó áöãóäú áóÇ ÃóãóÇäóÉó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ïöíäó áöãóäú áóÇ ÚóåúÏó áóåõ» " (2) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó Çááøóåõ æóÌöáóÊú ÞõáõæÈõåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 2] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ëõãøó áóãú íóÑúÊóÇÈõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 15] ; ÝóÅöäøó äóÝúíó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Úóãøóäú ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ÝóÚóáó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/136 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐóäú ÕóÇÍöÈöåö¡ 7/104 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑõ æóÇáúãóíúÓöÑõ¡ 8/157 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ 8/164 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöËúãö ÇáÒøõäóÇÉö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/76 - 77 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö äõÞúÕóÇäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí¡ Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/306 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóäõÞúÕóÇäöåö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/127 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóÇ íóÒúäöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1298 - 1299 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáäøõåúÈóÉö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/115 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÛúáöíÙö áöãóäú ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 13/41 æóäóÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/136: (áóÇ íóÒúäöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí Íöíäó íóÒúäöí æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó Íöíäó íóÔúÑóÈõ æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÑöÞõ Íöíäó íóÓúÑöÞõ æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÊóåöÈõ äõåúÈóÉð íóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóíúåö ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÈúÕóÇÑóåõãú Íöíäó íóäúÊóåöÈõåóÇ æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ.)
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/135 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÎóÇØóÈóäóÇ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÅöíãóÇäó áöãóäú áóÇ ÃóãóÇäóÉó áóåõ. æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíåö 3/154¡ 210¡ 251(5/207)
Ýöíåö ßóäóÝúíö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " «áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃõãøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö» " (1) . æóÞóæúáõåõ áöáúãõÓöíÁö: " «ÇÑúÌöÚú ÝóÕóáøö ÝóÅöäøóßó áóãú ÊõÕóáøö» " (2) . æóÞóæúáõåõ áöáúãõäúÝóÑöÏö ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö: " «áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöÝóÐøò ÎóáúÝó ÇáÕøóÝøö» " (3) æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁó Ëõãøó áóãú íõÌöÈú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò ÝóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áóåõ» " (4) .
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áöäóÝúíö ÇáúßóãóÇáö.
Þöíáó áóåõ: Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáúßóãóÇáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøó ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ áöæóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÞóØøõ Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÝöí ÚóãóáðÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó íóäúÝöíåö áöÊóÑúßö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøóÇÊö. Èóáö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ áóÇ íóäúÝöí ÚóãóáðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ßóãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) æ: ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: (áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöãóäú áóãú íóÞúÑóÃú ÈöÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) æóÈöáóÝúÙö: áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöãóäú áóãú íóÞúÑóÃú ÈöÃõãøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. Úóäú ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/147 - 148 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö áöáúÅöãóÇãö æóÇáúãóÃúãõæãö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/295 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æõÌõæÈö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÑóßúÚóÉò¡ Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/301 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÊöåö ÈöÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áöãóäú áóãú íóÞúÑóÃú ÈöÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/10 - 12 ÍóÏöíËñ ÑóÞúãõ 302
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò.
(4) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁó Ýóáóãú íóÃúÊöåö ÝóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÚõÐúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/260 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÛúáöíÙö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÝö Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ãóÑøóÉð æóÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁó Ýóáóãú íõÌöÈú ÝóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áóåõ¡ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 1/245 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/337 - 338 æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ÃõÎúÑóì áóåõ.(5/208)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú äõÝöíó ÈöÊóÑúßö ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøò¡ áóßóÇäó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áóåõãú æóáóÇ ÕöíóÇãó. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóãóÇáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøó ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊñ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏó íõÕóáøöí ßóÕóáóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝóßõáøõ ãóäú áóãú íõßúãöáúåóÇ ßóÊóßúãöíáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó áóåõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊúÑõßõæäó ÝóÑúÖðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó ÈöÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊõÑößó ÈóÚúÖõ ÝóÑóÇÆöÖöåö áóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÅöÚóÇÏóÊöåö¿ .
Þöíáó: áóíúÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáúãõãúßöäö ; ÝóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÃóÚóÇÏó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõãúßöäú ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÍóÓóäóÇÊò ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáÙøõåúÑö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓõÏøõ ãóÓóÏøó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÅöËúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö íóÒõæáõ ÌóãöíÚõåõ ÈöÇáÙøõåúÑö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÚóãúÏðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ ÏóÇãó íõãúßöäõ ÝöÚúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÇÊó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáÏøóãö ÇáúÌóÇÈöÑö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãõÓúÞöØðÇ Úóäúåõ ÅöËúãó ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊö (* ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íõãóßøöäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÏóáö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó ÊóæúÈóÉð ÊóÛúÓöáõ ÅöËúãó ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊö *) (1) ¡ ßóãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó ãöäúåõ ÊóæúÈóÉð ÊóÛúÓöáõ ÅöËúãóåõ¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈöÍóÓóäóÇÊò ÊóãúÍõæåõ. æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÝóæøóÊó æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóÇ (2) íõãúßöäõåõ ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßõåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßõåõ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ äóÞõæáõ (3) Ýöíãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ Èóáú ßõáøó ãóÃúãõæÑò ÊóÑóßóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÑóßó ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÏúÑößõåõ ÈöÍóÓúÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÝóÇÊó æóÞúÊõåõ ÊóÇÈó æóÝóÚóáó ÍóÓóäóÇÊò ÃõÎóÑó ÛóíúÑóåõ.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) Í¡ È: áóãú.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ: íóÞõæáõ.(5/209)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóäøóåõ íõãúßöäõ ÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö æóÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÕóáøöí ÇáÙøõåúÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóíõÄóÎøöÑõ (2) ÇáúÚóÕúÑó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÕóáóÇÊõåõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÅöËúãõ ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúãóÐúãõæãöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóæóíúáñ áöáúãõÕóáøöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Úóäú ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú ÓóÇåõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÚõæäö: 4 - 5] æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÎóáóÝó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ÎóáúÝñ ÃóÖóÇÚõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 59] ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÃúÎöíÑóåóÇ (3) Úóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÝöÚúáõåóÇ Ýöíåö åõæó ÅöÖóÇÚóÉñ áóåóÇ æóÓóåúæñ ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöáóÇ äöÒóÇÚò ÃóÚúáóãõåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö (4) . æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄóÎøöÑõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ: " «ÕóáøõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáõæÇ ÕóáóÇÊóßõãú ãóÚóåõãú äóÇÝöáóÉð» " (5) . æóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄóÎøöÑõæäó ÇáÙøõåúÑó Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÇáúÚóÕúÑó
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(1) æ: Ãóæö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö.
(2) æ: Ãóæú íõÄóÎøöÑõ.
(3) ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÃúÎöíÑóåóÇ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÖóÇÚóÊóåóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑõåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ä) : ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÖóÇÚóÊóåóÇ ÊóÃóÎøõÑõåóÇ.
(4) Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãö 14/449 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö: äõÕóáøöí íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó ÎóáúÝó ÃõãóÑóÇÁó¡ ÝóíõÄóÎøöÑõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÝóÎúÐöí ÖóÑúÈóÉð ÃóæúÌóÚóÊúäöí æóÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÝóÎúÐöí æóÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÕóáøõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáõæÇ ÕóáóÇÊóßõãú ãóÚóåõãú äóÇÝöáóÉð) ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö: ÐõßöÑó áöí Ãóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÖóÑóÈó ÝóÎúÐó ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 1/279 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÎóáúÝó ãóäú íõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/159 æóÇäúÙõÑú: 4/338(5/210)
Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö. æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ åõãú ãóÐúãõæãõæäó Úóáóíúåö. æóáóßöäú áóíúÓõæÇ ßóãóäú ÊóÑóßóåóÇ Ãóæú ÝóæøóÊóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ æóäóåóì Úóäú ÞöÊóÇáö ÃõæáóÆößó. «ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ Óóíóßõæäõ ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ æóíóÝúÚóáõæäó æóíóÝúÚóáõæäó. ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÝóáóÇ äõÞóÇÊöáõåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ¡ ãóÇ ÕóáøóæúÇ» " (1) æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí íõÄóÎøöÑõæäóåóÇ æóÃóãóÑó Ãóäú ÊõÕóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóÊõÚóÇÏó ãóÚóåõãú äóÇÝöáóÉð ; ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäõæÇ áóãú íõÕóáøõæÇ áóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó» (2) " ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) : " «Êöáúßó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö¡ Êöáúßó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞö¡ íóÑúÞõÈõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäó ÞóÑúäóíú ÔóíúØóÇäò ÞóÇãó ÝóäóÞóÑó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ» " (4) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/116
(2) ÇáúÚóÕúÑó: Ýöí (æ) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú: æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ãöäó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö ÑóßúÚóÉð ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóØúáõÚó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáÕøõÈúÍó¡ æóãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó. Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/116 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÝóÖúáöåóÇ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ÑóßúÚóÉð¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/424 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÓóÌúÏóÉð ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóáúíõÊöãøó ÕóáóÇÊóåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó) æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/112 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/425 ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö¡ 1/272 - 275 ÑóÞúãõ 252¡ 253.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/434 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÈúßöíÑö ÈöÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/107 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÊóÚúÌöíáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 1/203 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóæóÇÞöíÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö Ýöí ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ 4/31(5/211)
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ æõÊöÑó Ãóåúáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ» " (2) . æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (3) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÈöØó Úóãóáõåõ» " (4) . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: " «Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÚõÑöÖóÊú Úóáóì ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÝóÖóíøóÚõæåóÇ¡ Ýóãóäú ÍóÇÝóÙó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÌúÑõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö» " (5) .
æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " «ãóäú äóÇãó Úóäú ÕóáóÇÉò Ãóæú äóÓöíóåóÇ ÝóáúíõÕóáøöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó æóÞúÊõåóÇ» " (6) . ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÝõæÊõåõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÅöáóÎú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/111 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóæóÇÞöíÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöËúãö ãóäú ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/435 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÛúáöíÙö Ýöí ÊóÝúæöíÊö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ 1/436 ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóäú ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò æóÝöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøõäóäö æóÝöí ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/111 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 1/191¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö. æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö ÑóÞúãõ 255.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóÕúÑóÉó ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/568 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí äõåöíó Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: Õóáøóì ÈöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÈöÇáúãõÎóãøóÕö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÂÎöÑõåõ: ßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóÌúÑõåõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóØúáõÚó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ æóÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ ÇáäøóÌúãõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 1/208 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóæóÇÞöíÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 6/396 - 397.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/118 - 119 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú äóÓöíó ÕóáóÇÉð ÝóáúíõÕóáøö ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/477 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøöÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäöÏö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 1/291 - 293.(5/212)
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÆöãó íõÕóáøöí ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓöíó ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÞóÖóÇÁõ ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóæúÑö ÚöäúÏó ÌõãúåõæÑöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõ ÞóÖóÇÁó ÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáäøóÇÓöí Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑóÇÎöí¡ æóãóäú (1) äóÓöíó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ Ýóåõæó ßóãóäú äóÓöíóåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú Õóáøóì Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúæóÞúÊö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö æõÖõæÁò ÃóÚóÇÏó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÚóÇÏó ÚõãóÑõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ áóãøóÇ ÕóáøóæúÇ ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÌõäõÈðÇ ÝóÃóÚóÇÏõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑõæÇ ÇáúãóÃúãõæãöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö.
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö (2) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑðÇ íóÑóì Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ. ßóãóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö æóÕóáøóÇåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÛöíÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö (3) ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöäöÓúíóÇäò ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÔúÛõæáöíäó ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö Ãóäú íõÄóÎøöÑõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó.
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýóãóäú.
(2) áóÚóáøó ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíøóÉó íóÞúÕöÏõ ÈöÐóáößó ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 5/240 ÑóÞúãõ 3657 æóáóÝúÙõåõ¡ ÃóÞúÈóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó áóíúáðÇ ÝóäóÒóáúäóÇ ÏóåóÇÓðÇ Ãóíú: ÓóåúáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú íóßúáóÄõäóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöáóÇáñ: ÃóäóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóäú ÊóäóÇãõ. ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÝóäóÇãó ÍóÊøóì ØóáóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ýöíåöãú ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇåúÖöÈõæÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÝúÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ ÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ ÝóÇÝúÚóáõæÇ¡ áöãóäú äóÇãó ãöäúßõãú Ãóæú äóÓöíó. æóÕóÍøöÍú ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö¡ 1/293 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/179 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú äóÇãó Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóæú äóÓöíóåóÇ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/411(5/213)
æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ áóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò: Þöíáó: íõÕóáøöí ÍóÇáó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö æóáóÇ íõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó (1) ¡ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑõ ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö ãóäúÓõæÎñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ.
æóÞöíáó: íõÎóíøóÑõ Èóíúäó ÊóÞúÏöíãöåóÇ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑöåóÇ. áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú áóÇ íõÕóáøõæÇ ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÞõÑóíúÙóÉó¡ ßóÇäóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÎøóÑóÊú (2) ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝóÕóáøóæúÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóãú íõÑöÏú ãöäøóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÏõæøö áóÇ ÊóÝúæöíÊó (3) ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. ÝóÕóáøóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÚóäøöÝö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó (4) . æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãöíøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóÞöíáó: Èóáú íõÄóÎøöÑõæäóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó íóæúãó ÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö. æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó. ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ßõáøõ ãóäú ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑðÇ íõÚúÐóÑõ Èöåö ÅöãøóÇ áöäöÓúíóÇäò Ãóæú áöÎóØóÃò Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÕóáøöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ßóãóäú Ùóäøó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó áóãú ÊóØúáõÚú ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ØóáóÚóÊú¡ Ãóæú Ùóäøó Ãóäøó æóÞúÊó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÈóÇÞò ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÑóÈóÊú ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íõÕóáøöí.
æóÚóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÊóÃúÎöíÑõåóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÕóáøöíåóÇ¡ æóáóæú ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÕóáøöíåóÇ.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÎúØóÃó Ýöí ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö (5) ¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö
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(1) ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: ÃóÎøóÑõæÇ.
(3) Ã: æóáóÇ ÊóÝõæÊõ¡ ã: áóÇ ÊõÝóæøóÊõ¡ ä: æóáóÇ ÊóÝúæöíÊó.
(4) æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó Þóáöíáò æóÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/411
(5) Í¡ È: ÃóÎúØóÃó ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö.(5/214)
ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " «ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóÞóÏó (1) ÍóÈöØó Úóãóáõåõ» " (2) ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ ãõÊóÃóæøöáñ ãõÎúØöÆñ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÌóÇæóÒó áöí Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáúÎóØóÃó æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäó» " (3) . æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ (4) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÝóæøóÊóåóÇ ÚóãúÏðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöæõÌõæÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝóæøóÊó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúáóãõ æõÌõæÈóåõ ãöäúåóÇ ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ. ÝóÞöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö: íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊö¡ æóíóÌöÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ æóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊö¡ ßóãóäú ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáÙøõåúÑó Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó æóÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö Çááøóíúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò.
æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó íóÞõæáõæäó (5) : åõæó (6) Ýöí ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò æóÌóÈó (7) ÅöÚóÇÏóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÅöÚóÇÏóÊõåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇáõßñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝóíõÝóÑøöÞõæäó Èóíúäó ãóÇ íõÚóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóãóÇ íõÚóÇÏõ ÈóÚúÏó ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÝóÑúÖðÇ Èóáú æóÇÌöÈðÇ - æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøõæäóåõ ÓõäøóÉð - ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ßóãóäú Õóáøóì ÈöÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÝóÑúÖðÇ¡ ßóÇáÑøõßõæÚö æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö æóÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú áóãú íõÕóáøö¡ ÝóíõÚöíÏõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
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(2) ãóÖóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò.
(3) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ 4/458
(4) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(5) á Í¡ æ¡ Ñ¡ í: íóÞõæáõæäóåõ.
(6) åõæó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÌóÈóÊú.(5/215)
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÕóäøóÝó ÇáúãõÒóäöíøõ ãõÕóäøóÝðÇ ÑóÏøó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇáößò ËóáóÇËöíäó ãóÓúÃóáóÉð ãöäúåóÇ åóÐöåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóÏøó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÒóäöíøö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóÈúåóÑöíøõ (1) æóÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö. æóÚõãúÏóÊõåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Åöäú (2) ÝõÚöáóÊú ßóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÝóáóÇ ÅöÚóÇÏóÉó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊõÝúÚóáú ßóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýóåöíó Ýöí ÐöãøóÊöåö¡ ÝóíõÚöíÏõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÝöÚúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÇÌöÈñ áóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò ÞóØøõ Ãóäú íõÄóÎøöÑóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ ÃóæúßóÏó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÑóßó áóãú íõÚöÏú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö íõãúßöäõåõ ÊóáóÇÝöíåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÉö Ãóæú ÚõÑúíóÇäðÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöáóÇ äóÌóÇÓóÉò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóãóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóäú íõÚöíÏóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóßõäøóÇ äóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÃóäúÞóÕö ãöãøóÇ Õóáøóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÑõßúäðÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÐóÇßó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú áóãú íõÕóáøö ÝóíõÚöíÏõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ãöäú æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ (3) ãóÇ åõæó Ñõßúäñ áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó æóÇÌöÈñ ÊóÊöãøõ ÈöÏõæäöåö (4) ¡ ÅöãøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÓøóåúæö æóÅöãøóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó íõæÌöÈõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÈöÍóÇáò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ
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(2) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ.
(3) ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ãöäú æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ¡ íõæÌóÏõ ÓóÞúØñ Øóæöíáñ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö (í) ¡ íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó äóÊöíÌóÉó ÖóíóÇÚö ÃóæúÑóÇÞò ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö ÅöÐú Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö íóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉö Èöåö ÇáÔøöÑúßõ Èóáú ÃóÑóÇÏóÊö ÇáÊøóÞöíøó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÞúÏöãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÌõæÑö¡ æóæóÌóÏúÊõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉó Ýöí Õ 3/73 (È) .
(4) Ñ¡ Í: ÊóÊöãøõ Èöåö.(5/216)
ÃóæúÌóÈó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚö. æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ãóÚó ãóÇáößò íõæÌöÈóÇäö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáÓøóåúæö æóíõÌúÈóÑõ ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö¡ Ëõãøó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ ÚóãúÏðÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑö ãóÐúåóÈöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ßóãóÇ áóæú ÊóÑóßó ÝóÑúÖðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇáößñ ÝóÝöí ãóÐúåóÈöåö ÞóæúáóÇäö Ýöíãóäú ÊóÑóßó ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáÓøõÌõæÏõ áöÊóÑúßöåö ÓóåúæðÇ¡ ßóÊóÑúßö ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÊóÑúßö ÊóßúÈöíÑóÊóíúäö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö (1) ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö æóÇáúÌóåúÑö æóÇáúãõÎóÇÝóÊóÉö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåöãóÇ.
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æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ËóÇáöËóÉñ: ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÅöÐóÇ ÊõÑößó áöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò ÍóÊøóì ÝóÇÊó æóÞúÊõåõ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ßóÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúæõÞõæÝö ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÑóãúíö ÇáúÌöãóÇÑö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÔúÑóÚõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑóÚóåóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÔúÑõæÚóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÔóÑúÚöåö¡ æóáóÇ æóÇÌöÈóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö. æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÝóÇÊóåõ ÇáúæõÞõæÝõ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑöåö (3) áóÇ íóÞöÝõ ÈöÚóÑóÝóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ØõáõæÚö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ñóãúíõ ÇáúÌöãóÇÑö áóÇ ÊõÑúãóì ÈóÚúÏó ÃóíøóÇãö ãöäðì¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ (4) áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò (5) . ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ áóÇ íóÞúÖöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÈöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö
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(1) Ãóæú ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ (Í) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÞöÑóÇÁóÉö.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóßóÐóáößó.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ: Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö.
(4) Ã: ÝóÇÊóåõ¡ ä¡ ã: ÝóÇÊóÊú.
(5) ä¡ ã: áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Í: áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò¡ æ¡ Ñ: ÈöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò.(5/217)
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(2) Í: áóæú Óóåóì.
(3) æ: æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÝóæøóÊó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãöÕúÑö ßõáøõåõãú ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö áóãú íõÕóáøõæåóÇ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 212
(5) á æ¡ Ñ: Ãóäú íóÕõæãó¡ Í¡ È: Ãóäú ÊóÕõæãó.
(6) æóÞúÊñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) .
(7) ä¡ ã: ÝöÚúáöåóÇ.
(8) æ: ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ËóÇáöËóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.(5/218)
ÚóãúÏðÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÃõÕóáøöíåöãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóíõÄóÎøöÑõ (1) ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó æóÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó æóíóÞõæáõ: ÃõÕóáøöíåöãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ Ãóæú íõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáúÝóÌúÑó æóíóÞõæáõ: ÃõÕóáøöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÊóÝúæöíÊñ ãóÍúÖñ ÈöáóÇ ÚõÐúÑò.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ãóäú «ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ æõÊöÑó Ãóåúáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ» "¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÈöØó Úóãóáõåõ» " (2) ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßõ áóãú íõÍúÈóØú Úóãóáõåõ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «æõÊöÑó Ãóåúáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ» " Ãóíú ÕóÇÑó æöÊúÑðÇ áóÇ Ãóåúáó áóåõ æóáóÇ ãóÇáó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåóÇ ãõãúßöäðÇ ÈöÇááøóíúáö áóãú íóßõäú ãóæúÊõæÑðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó» " (3) Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ áóßóÇäó ãõÏúÑößðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð Ãóæú áóãú íõÏúÑößú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÑöÏú Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ÕóÍøóÊú ÕóáóÇÊõåõ ÈöáóÇ ÅöËúãò¡ Èóáú íóÃúËóãõ ÈöÊóÚóãøõÏö Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÃóäú ÊõÕóáøóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóåõ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÄóÎøóÑó ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö¡ ÝóÝöÚúáõåóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö æóÇÌöÈñ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÕóáøóæõÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ» " (4) . ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßó áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáúÅöËúãó Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑö¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: Ãóæú íõÄóÎøöÑõ.
(2) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóÇäö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 212
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ [0 - 9] 11
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò 5/209 æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙö Õóáøö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÕóáøóæõÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóÌóãóÚó ãõÓúáöãñ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 1/448 - 449 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ æóåöíó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ: ÞóÇáó áöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö: ßóíúÝó ÃóäúÊó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóíúßó ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ íõÄóÎøöÑõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú íõãöíÊõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÃúãõÑõäöí¿ ÞóÇáó: (Õóáøö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊóåóÇ ãóÚóåõãú ÝóÕóáøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóßó äóÇÝöáóÉñ.) æóÝöí ÂÎöÑö ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÞúãö 244 ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÕóáøõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ æóÇÌúÚóáõæÇ ÕóáóÇÊóßõãú ãóÚóåõãú äóÇÝöáóÉð) æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/173 - 174 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/113 - 114 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÊóÚúÌöíáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/398 - 399 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ.(5/219)
ÞóÏú ÕóáøóÇåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöËúãö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊõÕóáøóì ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöËúãö¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó ãóäú íõÕóáøöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö Ãóæú íõÕóáøöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÅöËúãðÇ. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ÅöËúãðÇ¡ ÝóÍóíúËõ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãö ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó áöÅöËúãöåö.
æóãóäú äóÇãó Úóäú ÕóáóÇÉò Ãóæú äóÓöíóåóÇ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ; [ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó æóÞúÊõåóÇ] (1) . æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò ÃóËöãó¡ ßóãóÇ íóÃúËóãõ ãóäú ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÝóæúÑö¡ æóíóÕöÍøõ ÝöÚúáõåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö¡ áóãú íóßõäú áöÊóÍúÏöíÏö æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÈöÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÑóßúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ» " (2) ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäóÊú Êóßõæäõ ßóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóæúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäóÊú Êóßõæäõ ßóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåóÇ Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íóÌõæÒõ¡ Èóáú íõÓóäøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí áóíúáóÉö ÇáúãõÒúÏóáöÝóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÓóäøõ ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì æóÞúÊö ÇáÙøõåúÑö íóæúãó ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö 5/12(5/220)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö (1) ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÄúÐóäú Ýöíåö ÞóØøõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑö¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú íõÄúÐóäú Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÞóÈúáó ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö. ÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö: æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÇÌöÈóÉñ Úóáóì Ãóíøö ÍóÇáò ÈöÊóÑúßö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäóåõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÇáÊøóíóãøõãö¡ Ãóæú ÈöáóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÈöáóÇ ÅöÊúãóÇãö ÑõßõæÚò æóÓõÌõæÏò¡ Ãóæú Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ Ãóæú íõÕóáøöí ÚõÑúíóÇäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóíúÝóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó æóÌóÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãóÚó ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÚóÇãøóÊõåõ ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÞúÊó ãõÞóÏøóãñ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóãóäú Õóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöáóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÚõÑúíóÇäðÇ ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉò æóÓõÊúÑóÉò¡ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ¡ æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöáóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò æóáóÇ ÓõÊúÑóÉò¡ æóáóÇ íõÄóÎøöÑõåóÇ æóíõÕóáøöí ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉò æóÓõÊúÑóÉò.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊó (2) ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßõåõ ãõãúßöäðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑõ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóÚóáó ÇáúæóÞúÊó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö ãóÊóì Ãóãúßóäóåõ¡ Ýóãóäú äóÓöíó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ ÕóáøóÇåóÇ ãóÊóì ÐóßóÑóåóÇ (3) ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ßóÇäóÊú Ãóßúãóáó.
Þöíáó: äóÚóãú¡ áóßöäøó Êöáúßó áóãú ÊóÌöÈú Úóáóíúåö áöÚóÌúÒöåö ÈöÇáäøóæúãö æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó æóÐóßóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÅöÐóÇ ØóåõÑóÊú
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(1) Í¡ È: ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛõÑõæÈö.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÊó.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ: ãóÊóì ÐóßóÑó.(5/221)
Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýóåöíó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãóÃúãõæÑóÉñ ÈöÇáÙøõåúÑö æóÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ãõÕóáøöíóÉð áöáÙøõåúÑö Ýöí æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÃóÏóÇÁð¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ØóåõÑóÊú ÂÎöÑó Çááøóíúáö ÕóáøóÊö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈó æóÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåóÇ ÃóÏóÇÁð ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåóÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (1) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Úóäú ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ÎöáóÇÝõåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö¡ æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãóæóÇÞöíÊó ËóáóÇËóÉð Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑö¡ æóåóÐöåö ãóÚúÐõæÑóÉñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö " æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò (2) ¡ æóåõæó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÞúÊó ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ãóäú íóäúæöíó ÇáúÌóãúÚó¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó: ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößò æóÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÞõÏóãóÇÁö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
áóßöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÊóÌöÈõ ÇáäøöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÕúÑö æóÇáúÌóãúÚö. æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÇáäøöíøóÉõ áóÇ áöåóÐóÇ æóáóÇ áöåóÐóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÞõÏóãóÇÁö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö (4) .
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(2) Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóÞõÏóãóÇÁö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.
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(5) æóÞóÖöíøóÉõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÞöÕøóÉõ.(5/222)
Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóæú ßóÇäó ãõãúßöäðÇ áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖõ ÊõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóãúÑó ÅöíÌóÇÈò Ãóæú ÃóãúÑó ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈò (1) .
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ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáäøóÇÓöí ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ¡ áóãú íõÄúãóÑú ÈöåóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. æóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÕóáøö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÅöäøóãóÇ Õóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóãú íõÌóæøöÒö Çááøóåõ áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÛóíúÑö æóÞúÊöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÈóáóåóÇ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó. æóßóÐóáößó ÔóåúÑõ ÑóãóÖóÇäó. æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÃóÝúØóÑó íóæúãðÇ ãöäú ÑóãóÖóÇäó áóãú íóÞúÖöåö ÕöíóÇãõ ÇáÏøóåúÑö æóÅöäøó ÕóÇãóåõ» " (3) ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ Çááøóåõ ÕöíóÇãóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÔøóåúÑö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÐõæÑö¡
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(2) ä¡ ã: áöÊóÍúÕöíáö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/32 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇãóÚó Ýöí ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/422 - 423 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÛúáöíÙö Ýöíãóäú ÃóÝúØóÑó ÚóãúÏðÇ¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/113 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÝúØóÇÑö ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ.(5/223)
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(2) ä¡ ã: áöÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò.(5/224)
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ÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó: ãóÇ ÞöÓúÊõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÇáúÍóÌøö æóÑóãúíö ÇáúÌöãóÇÑó áóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÍóÇáò¡ áóÇ áöãóÚúÐõæÑò æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑö ãóÚúÐõæÑò (2) . ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöÒóãóÇäò ßóãóÇ åöíó ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöãóßóÇäò.
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æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÇÊóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÕóáøöí ÇáÙøõåúÑó¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏõ Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò¡ áóÇ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÈóÏóáñ Úóäö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò: ÅöãøóÇ
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(4) Í: ãóÝúÑõæÖðÇ.(5/227)
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æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Èóáú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóäú ÝóæøóÊóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÅöËúãó Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ ãõÑúÊóÏøñ íõÓúÊóÊóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÇÈó æóÅöáøóÇ ÞõÊöáó. æóáóßöäøó ÊóÝúæöíÊó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÚóãúÏðÇ ãöËúáó ÊóÝúæöíÊö ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÚóãúÏðÇ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú
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(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 2/804 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøöíóÇãö ÈóÇÈõ ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáÕøöíóÇãö Úóäö ÇáúãóíøöÊö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/110 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö Úóäö ÇáúãóíøöÊö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
(3) æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) (Ñ) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ: áöáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
(5) Í¡ È: ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóãøöÏõ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (ÇáúãõÝóæøöÊõ ÚóãúÏðÇ) ãöäú (æ) .(5/232)
ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÈöÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈöíäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö¡ ÝóíóÌúÊóåöÏõ Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö (1) Çááøóåö æóÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊöåö ÈöãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóãóÑõæåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö (2) áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö [íóÓúÞõØõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÅöËúãõ¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõæäó: ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö] (3) íóÎöÝøõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÅöËúãõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöËúãõ ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÊö æóÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóäú æóÞúÊöåóÇ Ýóåõæó ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ: ÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÊóæúÈóÉò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÍóÓóäóÇÊò ãóÇÍöíóÉò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ Èöåö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáõ áöÈóÓúØöåóÇ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáØøóÇÞóÉö Ýóåõæó ãóÚúÝõæøñ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóÇáäøóæúãö æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ãõÏöÍó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (4) Ãóæøóáöåöãú æóÂÎöÑöåöãú Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÃóËóÇÈóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÑóÝóÚó Èöåö ÞóÏúÑóåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÇáËøóæóÇÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ (5) ¡ æóÇáäøõÕúÑóÉõ áöãóäú äóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉõ áöãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ¡ æóÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö (6) Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Èöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóáøöãöíäó áöáäøóÇÓö Ïöíäóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ íóÏõæÑõ ãóÚóåõ ÍóíúËõãóÇ ÏóÇÑó¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóÊúÈóÚõåõãú áóåõ ÃóÚóãóáõåõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöåö æóÃóÊúÈóÚõåõãú áóåóÇ¡ æóßõáøõ Þóæúáò ÎóÇáóÝó Þóæúáóåõ Ýóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ïöíäñ ãóäúÓõæÎñ æóÅöãøóÇ Ïöíäñ ãõÈóÏøóáñ áóãú íõÔúÑóÚú ÞóØøõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÝóÇæóÖóÉò ÌóÑóÊú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: " ÎóíúÑõäóÇ ÃóÊúÈóÚúäóÇ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøöíäö " æóÚõËúãóÇäõ íõæóÇÝöÞõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö [ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó] (7) .
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(1) Í¡ È: ØóÇÚóÇÊö.
(2) ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Ñ¡ Í: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
(5) ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) ¡ (Ã) .
(6) ä: æóÓóáóÇãõåõ¡ Ã: æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/233)
[ÝóÕúáñ Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÝóÓóÈøóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ]
ÝóÕúáñ
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ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÓöÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÝõÓõæÞñ æóÞöÊóÇáõåõ ßõÝúÑñ» " (3) . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ íóÓúÎóÑú Þóæãñ ãöäú Þóæúãò ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú æóáóÇ äöÓóÇÁñ ãöäú äöÓóÇÁò ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóßõäøó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõäøó æóáóÇ ÊóáúãöÒõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú æóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÈóÒõæÇ ÈöÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö ÈöÆúÓó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáúÝõÓõæÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóãóäú áóãú íóÊõÈú ÝóÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 11] ÝóÞóÏú äóåóì Úóäö ÇáÓøõÎúÑöíóÉö æóÇááøóãúÒö æóÇáÊøóäóÇÈõÒö ÈöÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö.
æóÇááøóãúÒõ: ÇáúÚóíúÈõ æóÇáØøóÚúäõ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóáúãöÒõßó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 58] Ãóíú íóÚöíÈõßó æóíóØúÚóäõ Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáúãöÒõæäó ÇáúãõØøóæøöÚöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 79] æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóáóÇ ÊóáúãöÒõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 49] Ãóíú áóÇ íóáúãöÒú ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {áóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚúÊõãõæåõ Ùóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊõ ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 12]
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(1) æ: ÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÝóÓóÈøõæåõãú.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/21
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/499(5/234)
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÈóÇÑöÆößõãú ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 54] æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíúáñ áößõáøö åõãóÒóÉò áõãóÒóÉò} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúåõãóÒóÉö: 1] æóÇáúåóãúÒõ: ÇáúÚóíúÈõ (1) æóÇáØøóÚúäõ ÈöÔöÏøóÉò æóÚõäúÝò¡ æóãöäúåõ åóãóÒó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈöÚóÞöÈöåö¡ æóãöäúåõ ÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ æóåöíó äóÈúÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÏúÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõ áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãõæãðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áöÐóäúÈößó æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 19] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ãóäú íóãõæÊõ. æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áöáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó ÍóÊøóì äõåöíó Úóäú Ðóáößó (2) . Ýóßõáøõ ãõÓúáöãò áóãú íõÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ ÌóÇÒó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõ áóåõ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÈöÏóÚóÉñ Ãóæú ÝöÓúÞñ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íõÕóáøöí Úóáóíúåö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö æóÇáúãõÙúåöÑö áöáúÝõÌõæÑö ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇäúÒöÌóÇÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÇáúßóÝøõ Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ßóÇäó ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ áöãóäú ßóÇäó (3) íõÄúËöÑõ ÊóÑúßó ÕóáóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇáÒøóÌúÑö ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íõÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíãóäú ÞóÊóáó äóÝúÓóåõ:
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: áöÚóíúÈò.
(2) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/96 - 97 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõßúÑöåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃõÈóíøò ÇÈúäõ Óóáõæáó ÌóÇÁó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöíõÕóáøöíó Úóáóíúåö ÑóÌóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÃóáøóÇ íóÝúÚóáó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÎøöÑú Úóäøöí íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáó: (Åöäøöí ÎõíøöÑúÊõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ áóæú ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøöí ÒöÏúÊõ Úóáóì ÇáÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåõ áóÒöÏúÊõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.) ÞóÇáó: ÝóÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÕóÑóÝó¡ Ýóáóãú íóãúßõËú ÅöáøóÇ íóÓöíÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáóÊö ÇáúÂíóÊóÇäö ãöäú ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó: (æóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú ãóÇÊó ÃóÈóÏðÇ) Åöáóì (æóåõãú ÝóÇÓöÞõæäó) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 84] ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÃóÍóãúÏó æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö 3/123 - 124
(3) ßóÇäó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .(5/235)
" «ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈößõãú» " (1) æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáøö: " «ÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈößõãú» " (2) æóÞóÏú Þöíáó áöÓõãúÑóÉó Èúäö ÌõäúÏóÈò: Åöäøó ÇÈúäóßó áóãú íóäóãö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÍóÉó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÈóÔóãðÇ (3) ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÈóÔóãðÇ. ÞóÇáó: áóæú ãóÇÊó áóãú ÃõÕóáøö Úóáóíúåö. íóÚúäöí: áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÞóÊóáó äóÝúÓóåõ.
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(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/91 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáúÛõáõæáö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 4/52 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ãóäú Ûóáøó¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/950 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÛõáõæáö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/192 ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 2/127 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö¡ æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö 3/174 - 175 æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö.
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö: ÇáúÈóÔóãõ: ÇáÊøõÎóãóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóÓóãö.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ æ: ÊóÑóßó¡ Ã: ÊõÊúÑóßõ.
(5) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .(5/236)
æóÅöãøóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ. Ýóãóäú Úõáöãó äöÝóÇÞõåõ áóãú ÊóÌõÒö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõ áóåõ. æóãóäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ (1) Õõáøöíó Úóáóíúåö. æóÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó ÔóÎúÕñ äöÝóÇÞó ÔóÎúÕò áóãú íõÕóáøö åõæó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÕóáøóì (2) Úóáóíúåö ãóäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú äöÝóÇÞóåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóÇ íõÕóáøöí Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íõÕóáøö Úóáóíúåö ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÒóãõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÊúßö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
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æóáöåóÐóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöãóäú íõÚóÇÞöÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ÇáÐøõäõæÈö Ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäó Åöáóíúåöãú æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉó áóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏõ ÊóÃúÏöíÈó æóáóÏöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáØøóÈöíÈõ ãõÚóÇáóÌóÉó ÇáúãóÑöíÖö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ áóßõãú ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúæóÇáöÏö» " (6) . . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊõåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 6]
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(2) È ÝóÞóØú: æóíõÕóáøöí.
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(4) Úóäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Úóäú ÑóÍúãóÉö ÇáúÎóáúÞö.
(5) Í¡ È¡ Ñ¡ Ã: áóåõãú.
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æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÃõÈóíøò: æóåõæó ÃóÈñ áóåõãú (1) . æóÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉõ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó: ÝóÅöäøó äöÓóÇÁóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßõäøó ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÊóÈóÚðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇáúÃóÈö áóãú íóßõäú äöÓóÇÄõåõ ßóÇáúÃõãøóåóÇÊö. æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÃóØöÈøóÇÁõ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÔöÝóÇÁð áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÏõæÑö¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí íõÚóÇÞöÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚõÞõæÈóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó äóÇÆöÈñ Úóäúåõ (2) æóÎóáöíÝóÉñ áóåõ¡ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö æóÊõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 110] ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáäøóÇÓö (3) ÊóÃúÊõæäó Èöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞúíóÇÏö æóÇáÓøóáóÇÓöáö ÊõÏúÎöáõæäóåõãõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó (4) . ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÃõãóãö áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íõÚóÇÞöÈõæäóåõãú ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö (5) æóÇáúÃóÓúÑö¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÓóæúÞõåõãú Åöáóì ßóÑóÇãóÉö
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(2) Í¡ È: äóÇÆöÈñ áóåõ.
(3) á È: ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö¡ Í: ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑðÇ áöáäøóÇÓö.
(4) æóÑóÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/37 - 38 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöíåö: Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáäøóÇÓö¡ ÊóÃúÊõæäó Èöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÓøóáóÇÓöáö Ýöí ÃóÚúäóÇÞöåöãú ÍóÊøóì íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö 2/77 Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÚúÈö.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã¡ Ñ: ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.(5/238)
Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäöåö¡ æóÅöáóì ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: Åöäú áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú Ýöíåö ÈóíóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóåõÏóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÑóÍúãóÊóåõãú æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ áóãú íóßõäú Úóãóáõåõ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÛóáøóÙó Ýöí Ðóãøö ÈöÏúÚóÉò æóãóÚúÕöíóÉò (1) ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ ÈóíóÇäó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö áöíóÍúÐóÑóåóÇ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí äõÕõæÕö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. æóÞóÏú íõåúÌóÑõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÚõÞõæÈóÉð æóÊóÚúÒöíÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÐóáößó ÑóÏóÚõåõ æóÑóÏóÚõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ áöáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö¡ áóÇ áöáÊøóÔóÝøöí æóÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö.
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ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÕúÏõåõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóÇ íóßúÝõÑõ¡ Èóáú (3) æóáóÇ íóÝúÓõÞõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó ÝóÃóÎúØóÃó. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚóãóáöíøóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáõ ÇáúÚóÞóÇÆöÏö ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÝøóÑó (4) ÇáúãõÎúØöÆöíäó ÝöíåóÇ.
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(2) ÇäúÙõÑú Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 1/65¡ 4/459
(3) È: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (æ) .
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(6) ßõáøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (Í) .(5/240)
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(3) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó 1/156 æóÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ Úóáóì ÅößúÝóÇÑö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú Íóßøóãó. . . .
(4) Í¡ È: Úóáóì ãóÇÔöíóÉò ÝóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó.(5/243)
ÃõÚúØõæåõ áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæäó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö *) (1) æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíäö ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÚóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåöãõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö æóÝóåúãöåöãõ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö áöáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÕóÑøóÍó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó áóíúÓõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇíöíäöíøö æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: " áóÇ äõßóÝøöÑõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú íóßúÝõÑõ " (2) ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßõÝúÑó áóíúÓó ÍóÞøðÇ áóåõãú¡ Èóáú åõæó ÍóÞøñ áöáøóåö (3) ¡ æóáóíúÓó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ãóäú íóßúÐöÈó Úóáóì ãóäú íóßúÐöÈõ (4) Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉó ÈöÃóåúáö ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉó ÈöÃóåúáöåö¡ Èóáú æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóßúÑóåóåõ ÑóÌõáñ Úóáóì ÇááøöæóÇØóÉö (5) ¡ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóßúÑöåóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæú ÞóÊóáóåõ ÈöÊóÌúÑöíÚö ÎóãúÑò Ãóæú ÊóáóæøóØó Èöåö (6) áóãú íóÌõÒú ÞóÊúáõåõ ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó (7) ¡ áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÍóÑóÇãñ áöÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. æóáóæú ÓóÈøó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì äóÈöíøóäóÇ¡ áóãú íóßõäú áóäóÇ Ãóäøó äóÓõÈøó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÝøóÑõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóäóÇ Ãóäú äõßóÝøöÑó ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò íõæóÇÝöÞõ Ðóíúäóßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö. ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäö ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó Þóæúáñ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚó Úóáöíøð íóæúãó ÇáúÌóãóáö Ãóæú íóæúãó (8) ÕöÝøöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÛúáõæ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ã) .
(2) Í¡ È¡ Ñ¡ æ: ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú íõßóÝøöÑõäóÇ.
(3) Í: Çááøóåö.
(4) á æ: ßóÐóÈó.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóßúÑóåóåõ Úóáóì ÇááøõæØöíøóÉö¡ æ¡ Ñ: æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóßúÑóåóåõ ÑóÌõáñ Úóáóì ÇááøõæØöíøóÉö.
(6) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ã) ¡ (È) ¡ (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(7) æ: áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáóåõ ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó.
(8) Í¡ È: æóíóæúãó.(5/244)
áóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõãú Þóæúãñ ÒóÚóãõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÈóÛóíúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÒóÚóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÈóÛõæÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóÞóÇÊóáúäóÇåõãú. ÝóÐõßöÑó áöÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÛúäóÇåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÑóÇÔöÏò¡ Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò: Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó Úóáöíøò ÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóãøóäú ÞõÊöáó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÇ åõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: åõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó (1) . æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí Úóæúäò¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÑøó Úóáöíøñ æóåõæó ãõÊøóßöÆñ (2) Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑö Úóáóì ÞóÊúáóì ÕöÝøöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÇÈöÓñ ÇáúíóãóÇäöíøõ ãóÞúÊõæáñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÔúÊóÑõ: ÅöäøóÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó¡ åóÐóÇ ÍóÇÈöÓñ ÇáúíóãóÇäöíøõ ãóÚóåõãú íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Úóáóíúåö ÚóáóÇãóÉõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÃóãóÇ æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÚóåöÏúÊõåõ (3) ãõÄúãöäðÇ. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: æóÇáúÂäó åõæó ãõÄúãöäñ.
ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÍóÇÈöÓñ ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö¡ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Èúäõ äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóØóÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: ãóÊóì íóäúÈóÚöËõ ÃóÔúÞóÇåóÇ¿ Þöíáó: ãóäú ÃóÔúÞóÇåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÊõáõäöí. ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌóãò ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ÝóæóÞóÚó ÈöÑóÃúÓö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåóãøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈöÞóÊúáöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÈóÑöÆúÊõ ÝóÇáúÌõÑõæÍõ ÞöÕóÇÕñ¡ æóÅöäú ãöÊøõ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóßó ãóíøöÊñ. ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÓóíúÝöí ãóÓúãõæãðÇ (4) .
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(1) ãõÄúãöäõæäó ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó.
(2) ä¡ Í: æóåõæó íóÈúßöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä: ÚóáöãúÊõåõ.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó ãóÞúÊóáö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö 5/143 - 147(5/245)
æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò (1) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ Úóäú ÑóÈóÇÍö (2) Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö (3) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóÇ áóÈöæóÇÏò¡ æóÅöäøó ÑõßúÈóÊöí áóÊóßóÇÏõ ÊóãóÓøõ (4) ÑõßúÈóÉó ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò¡ ÅöÐú ÃóÞúÈóáó ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÝóÑó æóÇááøóåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö (5) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇÑñ: áóÇ ÊóÞõáú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞöÈúáóÊõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóäóÈöíøõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú Þóæúãñ ãóÝúÊõæäõæäó¡ ÝóÍóÞøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÞöÊóÇáõåõãú ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö.
æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ íóÍúíóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÈöíÕóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú ÑóÈóÇÍö (6) Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÏöíäõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÞöÈúáóÊõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóÏóÚúæóÊõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú Þóæúãñ ÈóÛóæúÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóÞóÇÊóáúäóÇåõãú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ íóÍúíóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÚúáóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãöÓúÚóÑõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäú ÑóÈóÇÍö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ íóÇÓöÑò: áóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ ßóÝóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ ÞõæáõæÇ: ÝóÓóÞõæÇ¡ ÞõæáõæÇ: ÙóáóãõæÇ.
ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò: " æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó: åõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ ÎóÈóÑñ ÈóÇØöáñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ßõÝúÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÙúåöÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó Ýöí Ïóãö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Ýóåõæó áöÊóßúÝöíÑö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÔóÏøõ ÅöäúßóÇÑðÇ ".
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÇáúãóÑúæöíøõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚóãøóÇÑò Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¡ ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ
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(1) æ: æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò.
(2) Í¡ È: ÑöíóÇÍö.
(3) æ: Èúäö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ã: áóÊóãóÓøõ.
(5) È ÝóÞóØö: ÇáÔøóÃúãö.
(6) È ÝóÞóØú: ÑöíóÇÍö.(5/246)
ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóßúÝõÑõ ÈöÑóÈøò Âãóäó Èöåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ¿ æóÍóÏøóËóåõ ÈöãóÇ íõÈóíøöäó ÈõØúáóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáö. Ýóíóßõæäõ ÚóãøóÇÑñ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÌóÚó Úóäúåõ Íöíäó Èóíøóäó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ (1) Þóæúáñ ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóãú íõßóÝøöÑõæÇ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íõÕóáøõæäó ÎóáúÝóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (2) íõÕóáøõæäó (3) ÎóáóÝó äóÌúÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÑõæÑöíøö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõæäóåõãú æóíõÝúÊõæäóåõãú æóíõÎóÇØöÈõæäóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ íõÎóÇØöÈõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãó¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò íõÌöíÈõ äóÌúÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÑõæÑöíøó áóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóíúåö íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú ãóÓóÇÆöáó¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (4) . æóßóãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈó äóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞö Úóäú ãóÓóÇÆöáó ãóÔúåõæÑóÉò (5) ¡ æóßóÇäó äóÇÝöÚñ íõäóÇÙöÑõåõ Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÊóäóÇÙóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãóÇäö.
æóãóÇ ÒóÇáóÊú ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ãóÇ ÌóÚóáõæåõãú ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ßóÇáøóÐöíäó
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(1) Ñ¡ Í¡ È¡ ä¡ ã: Íöíäó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ.
(2) ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ã) .
(3) Í¡ È: ßóÇäõæÇ íõÕóáøõæäó.
(4) ÐóßóÑó ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 3/1444 - 1445 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÇáúÛóÇÒöíóÇÊö íõÑúÖóÎõ áóåõäøó¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó¡ Ãóäøó äóÌúÏóÉó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú ÎóãúÓö ÎöáóÇáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõãó ÚöáúãðÇ ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãóÓúäóÏöåö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó: 1967¡ 2235¡ 685¡ 2812¡ 2943 æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøö¡ æóáóãú ÃóÚúÑöÝú ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(5) ÐóßóÑó ÓóÒúßöíäõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö ã [0 - 9] ¡ ÌÜ[0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 30 ã [0 - 9] ¡ Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] : Ãóäøó äóÌúÏóÉó Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÍóÑõæÑöíøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó 69 ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÝöÞúåöíøóÉò ãõÊóäóæøöÚóÉò ÃóÔóÇÑó ÓóÒúßöíäõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉó ÐõßöÑóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö áöáúÈóáóÇÐõÑöíøö 1/715 æóáöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö áöÇÈúäö ÍóÌóÑò 6/148 æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú æóÕóáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÞöÓúãñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÑóÇÓóáóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúãõÏóæøóäóÉö 3/6¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÊóÈó äóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞö Åöáóíúåö íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú ÃõãõæÑò ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÚöáóáó áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö 1/307.(5/247)
ÞóÇÊóáóåõãõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÃóãúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú (1) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ æóãóÇ Ñõæöíó ãöäú Ãóäøóåõãú " «ÔóÑøõ ÞóÊúáóì ÊóÍúÊó ÃóÏöíãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÎóíúÑõ ÞóÊöíáò (2) ãóäú ÞóÊóáõæåõ» " Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÃõãóÇãóÉó¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (3) . Ãóíú Ãóäøóåõãú ÔóÑøñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóÑøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäúåõãú: áóÇ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóáóÇ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú¡ ãõÓúÊóÍöáøöíäó áöÏöãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÞóÊúáö ÃóæúáóÇÏöåöãú¡ ãõßóÝøöÑöíäó áóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊóÏóíøöäöíäó ÈöÐóáößó áöÚóÙúãö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóÈöÏúÚóÊöåöãõ ÇáúãõÖöáøóÉö.
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò áóãú íõßóÝøöÑõæåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÚóáõæåõãú ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊóÏóæúÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÞóæúáò æóáóÇ ÝöÚúáò¡ Èóáö ÇÊøóÞóæõÇ Çááøóåó Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÓóÇÑõæÇ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÏöáóÉö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÝöÑóÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ; æóÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýóãóäú ßóÝøóÑó ÇáËøöäúÊóíúäö æóÇáÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð
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(1) ãóÚó ÃóãúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãóÚó ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÈöÞöÊóÇáöåöãú.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã: ÞóÊúáóì.
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ßõáøóåõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó æóÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáËøöäúÊóíúäö æóÇáÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ áóßöäú ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóæú ÕóÍøóÍóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóÑõæöíó ãöäú ØõÑõÞò (1) .
æóáóíúÓó Þóæúáõåõ: " «ËöäúÊóÇäö æóÓóÈúÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö æóæóÇÍöÏóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» " ÈöÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÃúßõáõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáó ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì ÙõáúãðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÃúßõáõæäó Ýöí ÈõØõæäöåöãú äóÇÑðÇ æóÓóíóÕúáóæúäó ÓóÚöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 10] æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóäú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ æóÙõáúãðÇ ÝóÓóæúÝó äõÕúáöíåö äóÇÑðÇ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì Çááøóåö íóÓöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 30] ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉö ÈöÏõÎõæáö ãóäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÇÑó.
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(1) ÊóßóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Õ [0 - 9] 2 ãöäó ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóì Ãóæö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð¡ æóÊóÝóÑøóÞóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóì Ãóæö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð¡ æóÊóÝúÊóÑöÞõ ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ËóáóÇËò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÍóÏöíËò ÑóÞúãö 203 ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/276 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/134 - 135 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1321 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞö ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 16/169 æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøö áóåõ¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 1/128 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÚóæúÝö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóÞúãö 204 æóÇäúÙõÑú: Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/276 - 277 Óõäóäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/135¡ Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1322 Óõäóäó ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/241¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßó¡ áöáúÍóÇßöãö 1/128 ÇáúãóÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/145¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÕóáö 3/292(5/249)
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ áöãõÚóíøóäò ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö áöÅöãúßóÇäö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÇÈó¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊñ ãóÍóÊú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊóåõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÝøóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöãóÕóÇÆöÈó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÈóÇØöäðÇ æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÕóÏó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúØóÃó æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÍóÞøó ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÚúÐöÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÚóãøöÏö ÇáúÚóÇáöãö ÈöÇáÐøóäúÈö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÕò ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøñ áöáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ðóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ áöáÐøóäóÈö Èóáú åõæó ãõÎúØöÆñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóÌóÇæóÒó áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö.
æóÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Êóßõæäõ áöÏóÝúÚö ÖóÑóÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöãøóäú áóãú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöí áöáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì. æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö íóÈúÞóì ÕóÇÍöÈõ åóæðì íóÚúãóáõ áöåóæóÇåö áóÇ ÏöíóÇäóÉð¡ æóíóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ åóæóÇåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÚóÇÞöÈõåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì åóæóÇåõ¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö. æóãóäú ÝóÓóÞó ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóäóÍúæóåõãú ßóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåöãú Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íõÖöáøõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó - ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÞõÖõæäó ÚóåúÏó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãöíËóÇÞöåö æóíóÞúØóÚõæäó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Ãóäú íõæÕóáó æóíõÝúÓöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 26 - 27] ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÕóÏóåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóØúáõÈõ (1) ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉó áóåõ æóáöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ÞóÏú íõÞóÇÊöáõåõãú ÔóÌóÇÚóÉð æóÍóãöíøóÉð æóÑöíóÇÁð¡ æóÐóáößó áóíúÓó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÎóÇÕöãõæäó æóíõÞóÇÊöáõæäó
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(1) á È: ÝóßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóØúáõÈõ.(5/250)
ÚóáóíúåóÇ¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÝúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó ÔóÌóÇÚóÉð æóÍóãöíøóÉð¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõæäó áóãøóÇ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú ÈöÛóíúÑö åõÏóì ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ áóÇ áöãõÌóÑøóÏö (1) ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÌúÊóåóÏõæÇ Ýöíåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: " áóÃóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöí Úöáúãò íõÞóÇáõ áöí Ýöíåö: ÃóÎúØóÃúÊó¡ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöí Úöáúãò íõÞóÇáõ áöí Ýöíåö: ßóÝóÑúÊó ". Ýóãöäú ÚõíõæÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÊóßúÝöíÑõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóãöäú ãóãóÇÏöÍö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøóåõãú íõÎóØøöÆõæäó æóáóÇ íõßóÝøöÑõæäó. æóÓóÈóÈõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãú ÞóÏú íóÙõäøõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈößóÝúÑò ßõÝúÑðÇ¡ [æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ßõÝúÑðÇ] (2) áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóßúÐöíÈñ áöáÑøóÓõæáö æóÓóÈøñ áöáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú áóåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö íóßúÝõÑõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ Ãóäú íóßúÝõÑó ãóäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú ÈöÍóÇáöåö.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ áóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ (3) ßõÝúÑðÇ ØõÑõÞñ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ (4) ; Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÊóßúÐöíÈõ ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ãöäú Ïöíäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö ÈöÐóáößó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúßõÝúÑõ åõæó ÇáúÌóåúáõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú íõÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ ÈöÇáÕøöÝóÉö ßóÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö æóÞóÏú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáõåóÇ¡ æóåõãú ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÍõÏøõåõ ÈöÍóÏøò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóßúÐöíÈñ áöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö ÌóÚóáóåõ ßõÝúÑðÇ¡ Åöáóì ØõÑõÞò ÃõÎóÑó.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÝúÑó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóÊóßúÐöíÈõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ßõÝúÑñ¡ æóÈõÛúÖõåõ
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(1) áöãõÌóÑøóÏö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (æ) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Í¡ Ñ: íóÌúÚóáõæäó.
(4) ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/251)
æóÓóÈøõåõ æóÚóÏóÇæóÊõåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ßõÝúÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÌóåúãó æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ßóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíøö æóÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ßõÝúÑñ Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ßõÝúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóáúÒóãó ÇáúÌóåúáó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ (1) áóÇ íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöÇáÑøóÈøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö áóÇ íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÈóÚúÖñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÕøóÑöíÍóÉö¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ æóáöÈóÓúØö åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÊóÇÈó ãöäú Ãóåøóáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÐøóäúÈõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ýóåõæó ÍóÞøñ ãóÍúÖñ áöáøóåö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäøó íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö (2) ÞóÇÕöÏðÇ áöæóÌúåö Çááøóåö¡ ãõÊúÈöÚðÇ áöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ áöíóßõæäó Úóãóáõåõ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì Êöáúßó ÃóãóÇäöíøõåõãú Þõáú åóÇÊõæÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó - Èóáóì ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÌúåóåõ áöáøóåö æóåõæó ãõÍúÓöäñ Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåö æóáóÇ ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ åõãú íóÍúÒóäõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 111 - 112] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÏöíäðÇ ãöãøóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÌúåóåõ áöáøóåö æóåõæó ãõÍúÓöäñ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ãöáøóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóÇÊøóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 125] ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó æóÃóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö: ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÂíóÉö: ÃóÎúáóÕó Ïöíäóåõ æóÚóãóáóåõ (3) áöáøóåö æóåõæó ãõÍúÓöäñ Ýöí Úóãóáöåö.
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(1) ä: ÍóÊøóì.
(2) Í¡ È: ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
(3) æóÚóãóáóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ä¡ ÝóÞóØú.(5/252)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÞõáú ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 20] ÃóÎúáóÕúÊõ Úóãóáöí. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ: ÞóÕóÏúÊõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöí Åöáóì Çááøóåö. æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó ÊóæúÌöíåõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì íóÏõæÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóãóÑó Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÈóÏó ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊõåõ ÝöÚúáõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ãóÇ ÍóÙóÑó. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÅöÎúáóÇÕõ ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÚóãóáõ áöáøóåö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí åõæó ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆöåö: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇÌúÚóáú Úóãóáöí ßõáøóåõ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáúåõ áöæóÌúåößó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú áöÃóÍóÏò Ýöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ".
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÕõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ÚöíóÇÖò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: áöíóÈúáõæóßõãú Ãóíøõßõãú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÚóãóáðÇ [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 7] . ÞóÇáó ÃóÎúáóÕõåõ æóÃóÕúæóÈõåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ Úóáöíøò ãóÇ ÃóÎúáóÕõåõ æóÃóÕúæóÈõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÕóæóÇÈðÇ áóãú íõÞúÈóáú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áóãú íõÞúÈóáú: ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ. æóÇáúÎóÇáöÕõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö åõæó (1) ÃóãúÑñ ÈöãóÚúÑõæÝò æóäóåúíñ Úóäú ãõäúßóÑò¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóÈúÊóÛöíó Èöåö æóÌúåó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáúÃóãúÑö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " «ãóäú ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóäóåóì Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóáöíãðÇ (2) ÈöãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö ; ÚóáöíãðÇ (3) ÈöãóÇ íóäúåóì Úóäúåõ¡ ÑóÝöíÞðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö¡ [ÑóÝöíÞðÇ ÝöíãóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: åõãøóÇ.
(2) Í¡ È: ÚóÇáöãðÇ.
(3) Í¡ È: ÚóÇáöãðÇ.(5/253)
íóäúåóì Úóäúåõ] (1) ¡ ÍóáöíãðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö¡ ÍóáöíãðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóäúåóì Úóäúåõ» " (2) . ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÇáÑøöÝúÞõ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÇáúÍöáúãõ ÈóÚúÏó (3) ÇáúÃóãúÑö ; ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇáöãðÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞúÝõæó ãóÇ (4) áóíúÓó áóåõ Èöåö Úöáúãñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÑóÝöíÞðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ßóÇáØøóÈöíÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÑöÝúÞó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíõÛúáöÙõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÑöíÖö ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÇáúãõÄóÏøöÈö ÇáúÛóáöíÙö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúæóáóÏõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó: {ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ áóíøöäðÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊóÐóßøóÑõ Ãóæú íóÎúÔóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 44] .
Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó æóäóåóì (5) ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõÄúÐóì Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÕúÈöÑó æóíóÍúáõãó. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃúãõÑú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÇäúåó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö æóÇÕúÈöÑú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóßó Åöäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÚóÒúãö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ: áõÞúãóÇäó 17] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóÈúÑö Úóáóì ÃóÐóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò¡ æóåõæó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÂãöÑöíäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÇáäøóÇåöíäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóæøóáðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóãúÑõåõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÞóÕúÏõåõ ØóÇÚóÉó Çááøóåö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö (6) . æóåõæó íõÍöÈøõ ÕóáóÇÍó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö¡ Ãóæú ÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó áöØóáóÈö ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáöØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö¡ æóÊóäúÞöíÕö ÛóíúÑöåö ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÍóãöíøóÉð (7) áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó áöØóáóÈö ÇáÓøõãúÚóÉö æóÇáÑøöíóÇÁö ßóÇäó Úóãóáõåõ ÍóÇÈöØðÇ. Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó æóÃõæÐöíó (8) Ãóæú
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(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(3) á È: ãóÚó.
(4) Í¡ Ñ: ÝöíãóÇ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: Ãóæú äóåóì.
(6) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ñ) : ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö.
(7) Í¡ È¡ Ñ: ÎóØöíÆóÉð.
(8) Í¡ È: Ãóæú ÃõæÐöíó.(5/254)
äõÓöÈó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãõÎúØöÆñ æóÛóÑóÖõåõ ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ ØóáóÈóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÕóÇÑó áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÈúÏóÃõ Úóãóáöåö áöáøóåö¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑó áóåõ åóæðì íóØúáõÈõ Èöåö Ãóäú íóäúÊóÕöÑó Úóáóì ãóäú ÂÐóÇåõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÏóì Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÄúÐöí.
æóåóßóÐóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó áóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó åóæðì Ãóäú íóäúÊóÕöÑó ÌóÇåõåõãú Ãóæú ÑöíóÇÓóÊõåõãú æóãóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ áóÇ íóÞúÕöÏõæäó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ßóáöãóÉõ Çááøóåö åöíó ÇáúÚõáúíóÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøöíäõ ßõáøõåõ áöáøóåö¡ Èóáú íóÛúÖóÈõæäó Úóáóì ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ áóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÑúÖóæúäó Úóãøóäú íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú (1) ¡ æóÅöäøó ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÓóíøöÆó ÇáúÞóÕúÏö¡ áóíúÓó áóåõ Úöáúãñ æóáóÇ ÍõÓúäõ ÞóÕúÏò¡ ÝóíõÝúÖöí åóÐóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÍúãóÏõæÇ ãóäú áóãú íóÍúãóÏúåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. æóíóÐöãøõæÇ ãóäú áóãú íóÐöãøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. æóÊóÕöíÑõ ãõæóÇáóÇÊõåõãú æóãõÚóÇÏóÇÊõåõãú Úóáóì ÃóåúæóÇÁö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú áóÇ Úóáóì Ïöíäö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: åóÐóÇ ÕóÏöíÞõäóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÚóÏõæøõäóÇ¡ æóÈöáõÛóÉõ ÇáúãõÛúáö: åóÐóÇ ÈóÇáò¡ åóÐóÇ ÈóÇÛò¡ áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Åöáóì ãõæóÇáóÇÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
æóãöäú åõäóÇ ÊóäúÔóÃõ ÇáúÝöÊóäõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇÊöáõæåõãú ÍóÊøóì áóÇ Êóßõæäó ÝöÊúäóÉñ æóíóßõæäó ÇáÏøöíäõ ßõáøõåõ áöáøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 39] ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÏøöíäõ ßõáøõåõ áöáøóåö æóßóÇäóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ.
æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáÏøöíäö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍõÈøõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúÈõÛúÖõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉõ ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóÇáúÎóæúÝõ ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáÑøóÌóÇÁõ
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(1) Í¡ È: Úóãøóäú ßóÇäó íõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú ; æ: Úóãøóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõãú.(5/255)
áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÚúØóÇÁõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÚõ áöáøóåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãúÑõåõ ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö¡ æóäóåúíõåõ äóåúíõ Çááøóåö¡ æóãõÚóÇÏóÇÊõåõ ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æóØóÇÚóÊõåõ ØóÇÚóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æóãóÚúÕöíóÊõåõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉõ Çááøóåö.
æóÕóÇÍöÈõ Çáúåóæóì íõÚúãöíåö Çáúåóæóì æóíõÕöãøõåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúÖöÑõ ãóÇ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íóØúáõÈõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÑöÖóÇ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ áöÛóÖóÈö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Èóáú íóÑúÖóì ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ãóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ ÈöåóæóÇåõ¡ æóíóÛúÖóÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ãóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ áóåõ ÈöåóæóÇåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãóÚóåõ ÔõÈúåóÉõ Ïöíäò: Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÖóì áóåõ æóíóÛúÖóÈõ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ (1) ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÏøöíäõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÚóåõ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÕúÏõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøöíäõ ßõáøõåõ áöáøóåö¡ æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ßóáöãóÉõ Çááøóåö åöíó ÇáúÚõáúíóÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÕóÏó ÇáúÍóãöíøóÉó áöäóÝúÓöåö æóØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö Ãóæö ÇáÑøöíóÇÁó¡ áöíõÚóÙøóãó åõæó æóíõËúäóì Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÔóÌóÇÚóÉð æóØóÈúÚðÇ¡ Ãóæú áöÛóÑóÖò ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöáøóåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãõÌóÇåöÏðÇ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö. ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó åõæó ßóäóÙöíÑöåö¡ ãóÚóåõ ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÓõäøóÉñ æóÈöÏúÚóÉñ¡ æóãóÚó ÎóÕúãöåö ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÓõäøóÉñ æóÈöÏúÚóÉñ¿ .
æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ïóíúäóåõãú æóßóÇäõæÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ¡ æóßóÝøóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÝóÓøóÞó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöíåöãú: {æóãóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ - æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÍõäóÝóÇÁó æóíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÐóáößó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 4 - 5] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 213] ¡ íóÚúäöí:
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ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö íõæäõÓó¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó: Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ÚóØöíøóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö (1) . æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò. æóÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇÈúäö ÚóØöíøóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóíúÓó ÈöËóÇÈöÊò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÂÏóãó æóäõæÍò ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÞõÑõæäò ßõáøõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö íõæäõÓó: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 19] ÝóÐóãøóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì Ïöíäò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ.
æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö Úóáóì æóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõåõ ãóÐúãõæãðÇ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÝöí ÔöÞóÇÞò ÈóÚöíÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 176] .
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {Êöáúßó ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÝóÖøóáúäóÇ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóáøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÝóÚó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÃóíøóÏúäóÇåõ ÈöÑõæÍö ÇáúÞõÏõÓö æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ æóáóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Âãóäó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝóÑó æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ}
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú " ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò " (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö) áöáúÂíóÉö 1/364 - 365 æóÝöíåö: ". . Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö (ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ (ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó) ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ äóÈöíøò ÈõÚöËó äõæÍðÇ¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: (ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð) íóÞõæáõ: ßóÇäõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóÕóÍøõ ÓóäóÏðÇ æóãóÚúäðì¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ãöáøóÉö ÂÏóãó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ ÍóÊøóì ÚóÈóÏõæÇ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö äõæÍðÇ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ÑóÓõæáò ÈóÚóËóåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö.(5/257)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 253] . áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÃõØúáöÞó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÝóÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ãóÐúãõæãñ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõæäó ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÍöãó ÑóÈøõßó æóáöÐóáößó} ÎóáóÞóåõãú [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 118 - 119] . æóÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ åóáóßó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáßõãú ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÓõÄóÇáöåöãú æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú» ". (1)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÓøóÑõæÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßõáøóåõ ãóÐúãõæãñ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ: Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú æóÌúåóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ßõÝúÑõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈößöÊóÇÈö ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÊóÈúÏöíáõ ãóÇ ÈóÏøóáõæÇ. æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú íóßõæäõ ãóÚóåõ ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóíóßúÝõÑõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ãóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóíõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö ÇáøóÐöí ãóÚóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÈúÏöíáõ ãóÇ ÈõÏøóáó.
ÝóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚó ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ (2) ãöäú åóÐóÇ: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ¡ ÝóÇáúíóæúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃõãöÑõæÇ Èöåö íóæúãõ (3) ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÝóÚóÏóáóÊú Úóäúåõ ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ; ÝóåóÐöåö ÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÊó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáúÃóÍóÏó.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «äóÍúäõ ÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóíúÏó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöäóÇ æóÃõæÊöíäóÇåõ ãöäú
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/534
(2) ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö äóæúÚðÇ.
(3) íóæúãõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) .(5/258)
ÈóÚúÏöåöãú¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ÝóåóÏóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóåõ¡ ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóäóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÈóÚñ¡ Çáúíóæúãó áóäóÇ¡ æóÛóÏðÇ áöáúíóåõæÏö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ÛóÏò áöáäøóÕóÇÑóì» " (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ íõØóÇÈöÞõ Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóåóÏóì Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÅöÐúäöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 203] .
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö íõÕóáøöí íóÞõæáõ: " Çááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó¡ ÝóÇØöÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÚóÇáöãó ÇáúÛóíúÈö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ ÃóäúÊó ÊóÍúßõãõ Èóíúäó ÚöÈóÇÏößó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó¡ ÇåúÏöäöí áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÅöÐúäößó¡ Åöäøóßó ÊóåúÏöí ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò» " (2)
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - åóÏóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áöÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó ; ÝóáóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ßõáøóåõ ãóÐúãõæãñ.
æóÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉõ. Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÕóáøöí Åöáóì ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÕóáøöí Åöáóì ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö. æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãóÐúãõæãñ áóãú íõÔóÑøöÚúåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ. ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ ßóÇäó íóåõæÏöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ßóÇäó
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(1) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö åóÐöåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ: " ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò Ãóäú íóÛúÊóÓöáó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò íóæúãðÇ íóÛúÓöáõ Ýöíåö ÑóÃúÓóåõ æóÌóÓóÏóåõ " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóåõæó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/2¡ 6 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åóáú Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÔúåóÏö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó ÛõÓúáñ ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ 4/177 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/585 - 586 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åöÏóÇíóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áöíóæúãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 7213¡ 7308¡ 7395¡ 8484¡ 10537 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíË ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/19(5/259)
äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ. æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö: {ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ íóåõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÍóäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 67] .
æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÚöíÓóì. ÌóÚóáóÊúåõ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ áöÛóíøóÉð (1) ¡ æóÌóÚóáóÊúåõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÅöáóåðÇ.
æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõäóÒøóáóÉõ. Âãóäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÈóÚúÖò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÈóÚúÖò.
æóÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: ÇáÏøöíäõ. ÃóÎóÐó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÏöíäò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÏöíäò. æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ áóíúÓóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 113] . æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - «Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÇÎúÊóÕóãóÊú íóåõæÏõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóäóÕóÇÑóì äóÌúÑóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ: áóíúÓóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó íóåõæÏöíøðÇ¡ æóßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö æóÚöíÓóì. æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò¡ æóßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó æóÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ» (2) .
æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö åõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóãóØö ; ÝóÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáÔøöíÚöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáÔøöíÚöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøõ ÇáäøóÇÝöí íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøõ ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøõ ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáäøóÇÝöí Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúæóÚöíÏöíøóÉõ ÊóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ ÊóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúæóÚöíÏöíøóÉõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò.
Èóáú æóíõæÌóÏõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÚöíøóÉö
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(1) Í: ÇÈúäõ ÈóÛöíøóÉò¡ Ñ: ÈóÛöíøóÉð.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáúÂíóÉö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 1/223 - 224º ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö 1/133(5/260)
ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö. ÝóÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò. æóÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò.
æóíõÕóäøöÝõ (1) ÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøõ ßóÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÒöíøö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ãóËóÇáöÈö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö (2) æóíõÕóäøöÝõ (3) ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãóËóÇáöÈó ÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøóÉö (4) .
æóßóÐóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÏú ÊóáóÈøóÓó ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøóÉö¡ æóÎóáóØó åóÐóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøõ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ íóÎúáöØõ ÈöãóÐúåóÈö ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉö æóÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó. æóíõÖöíÝõåõ Åöáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ íóÎúáöØõ ÈöãóÐóÇåöÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøóÉö æóÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö¡ æóíõÖöíÝõåõ Åöáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáÑøóÝúÖö æóÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÊóÔóíøõÚñ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ áóÇ ÊóÔóíøõÚñ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ
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(1) Í¡ È: æóÕóäøóÝó.
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÓóÒúßöíäõ ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 6 æóãõÄóáøöÝõåõ åõæó ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÒöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó 446¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÓóÒúßöíäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊõæÌóÏõ äõÓúÎóÉñ ÎóØøöíøóÉñ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøóÉö ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó.
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÕóäøóÝó.
(4) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÈúíöíäö ßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí ÝöíãóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö åöÈóÉö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó 571¡ æóØõÈöÚó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó ÚóÇãó 1347.(5/261)
æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáõ ÞóÕúÏöåö ÊóæúÍöíÏó Çááøóåö ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ æóØóÇÚóÉó ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ íóÏõæÑõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÊøóÈöÚõåõ Ãóíúäó æóÌóÏóåõ¡ æóíóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóäúÊóÕöÑõ áöÔóÎúÕò ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÚóÇãøðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ áöØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÚóÇãøðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúåõÏóì íóÏõæÑõ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÍóíúËõ ÏóÇÑó¡ æóíóÏõæÑõ ãóÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Ïõæäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÛóíúÑöåö ÍóíúËõ ÏóÇÑõæÇ ; ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ áóãú íõÌúãöÚõæÇ (1) Úóáóì ÎóØóÃò ÞóØøõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÚóÇáöãò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú íõÌúãöÚõæäó (2) Úóáóì ÎóØóÃò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ Þóæúáò ÞóÇáõæåõ æóáóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (3) áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóØóÃð ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ (4) áóíúÓó ãõÓóáøóãðÇ Åöáóì ÚóÇáöãò æóÇÍöÏò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ äóÙöíÑðÇ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó ÔóÈöíåñ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö.
æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ (5) Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáó¡ ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÊúÈõæÚöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÍóÞøò íõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Úóáöãó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò¡ ÝóáóÇÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõåõ - Åöäú
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ¡ Ñ: ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ æ¡ Ã¡ È: íóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó.
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÑõÓõáóåõ.
(5) Çááøóåõ: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú(5/262)
ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ - ãóÃúÎõæÐðÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Ýöíãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóßõáøõ Þóæúáò Þöíáó Ýöí Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöãóÇ ãóÖóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó¡ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Èóáú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÎöáóÇÝóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Þóæúáñ ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ¡ æóÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÈóÛúíðÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ Ðóãøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÚóÇÞóÈóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãõÎúØöÆöíäó (1) ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÇÕöÏöíäó ÇáúÈóÛúíó¡ ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ [ãõÚúÑöÖöíäó Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÚóäö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö] (2) .
æóäóÙöíÑõ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáÏøöíäó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ æóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈóÛúíðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 19] ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ: ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ áöáúÈóÛúíö áóÇ áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäö.
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóáóÞóÏú ÈóæøóÃúäóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ãõÈóæøóÃó ÕöÏúÞò æóÑóÒóÞúäóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö ÝóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó íóÞúÖöí Èóíúäóåõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 93] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáúÍõßúãó æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÑóÒóÞúäóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö æóÝóÖøóáúäóÇåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - æóÂÊóíúäóÇåõãú ÈóíøöäóÇÊò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈóÛúíðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú - Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó íóÞúÖöí Èóíúäóåõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó - Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßó Úóáóì ÔóÑöíÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚúåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó - Åöäøóåõãú áóäú íõÛúäõæÇ Úóäúßó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÅöäøó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÖò æóÇááøóåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó - åóÐóÇ ÈóÕóÇÆöÑõ áöáäøóÇÓö æóåõÏðì æóÑóÍúãóÉñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇËöíóÉö: 16 - 20] .
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(1) ä: ãõÎúáöÕöíäó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) ¡ (Ã) .(5/263)
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÊõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ áöáúÈóÛúíö æóÇáÙøõáúãö¡ áóÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö Úóáóíúåöãú. æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö ãóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú ; áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó áóåõãõ (1) ÇáúÍóÞøõ ; æóíóÌöíÆóåõãõ¡ ÇáúÚöáúãõ (2) ÝóíóÈúÛöí ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò. Ëõãøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó ÇáúãóÐúãõæãõæäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú íóÈúÛöí Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóíõßóÐøöÈõ ÈöãóÇ ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóíõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöãóÇ ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö (3) Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøõåõãú ãóÐúãõæãõæäó. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö (4) ßõáøõåõãú ãóÐúãõæãöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÍóÞøðÇ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ÈóÇØöáðÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇáÑøõÓõáó Ãóäú ÊóÏúÚõæó Åöáóì Ïöíäò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóåõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãú.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÔóÑóÚó áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ æóÕøóì Èöåö äõæÍðÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó æóãóÇ æóÕøóíúäóÇ Èöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì Ãóäú ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöíåö ßóÈõÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæåõãú Åöáóíúåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 13] .
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ßõáõæÇ ãöäó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö æóÇÚúãóáõæÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Åöäøöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó Úóáöíãñ - æóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÃõãøóÊõßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãú ÝóÇÊøóÞõæäö - ÝóÊóÞóØøóÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÒõÈõÑðÇ ßõáøõ ÍöÒúÈò ÈöãóÇ áóÏóíúåöãú ÝóÑöÍõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 51 - 53]
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(1) áóåõãú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÇáúÚöáúãõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) .
(3) á È: ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö.
(4) ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/264)
Ãóíú ßõÊõÈðÇ¡ ÇÊøóÈóÚó ßõáøõ Þóæúãò ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãõÈúÊóÏóÚðÇ ÛóíúÑó ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞöíäó ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó¡ áöÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö áóíúÓõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÅöÎúáóÇÕõ ÇáÏøöíäö áöáøóåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÍõäóÝóÇÁó æóíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÐóáößó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö: 5] æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÝóÃóÞöãú æóÌúåóßó áöáÏøöíäö ÍóäöíÝðÇ ÝöØúÑóÉó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÈúÏöíáó áöÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãõ æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó - ãõäöíÈöíäó Åöáóíúåö æóÇÊøóÞõæåõ æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóáóÇ ÊóßõæäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó - ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ïöíäóåõãú æóßóÇäõæÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ ßõáøõ ÍöÒúÈò ÈöãóÇ áóÏóíúåöãú ÝóÑöÍõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 30 - 32] ¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ïóíúäóåõãú æóßóÇäõæÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ¡ æóÃóÚóÇÏó ÍóÑúÝó " ãöäú " áöíõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÈóÏóáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö. æóÇáúÈóÏóáõ åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ ÊóæúØöÆóÉñ áóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÝóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö æóáóæúáóÇ ßóáöãóÉñ ÓóÈóÞóÊú ãöäú ÑóÈøößó áóÞõÖöíó Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 110] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó áóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõæäó ãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÍöãó ÑóÈøõßó æóáöÐóáößó ÎóáóÞóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 18 - 119] ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó.
æóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò Ãóäøó Ïöíäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Úóäú äõæÍò: {æóÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 91] ¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó:(5/265)
{ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÃóÓúáöãú ÞóÇáó ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ áöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - æóæóÕøóì ÈöåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èóäöíåö æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ íóÇÈóäöíøó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì áóßõãõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÝóáóÇ ÊóãõæÊõäøó ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú ãõÓúáöãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 131 - 132] ¡ æóÞóÇáó íõæÓõÝõ: {ÝóÇØöÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóäúÊó æóáöíøöí Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÊóæóÝøóäöí ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóÃóáúÍöÞúäöí ÈöÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 101] . {æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì íóÇÞóæúãö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÂãóäúÊõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ÝóÚóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáõæÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÓúáöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 84] ¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóäö ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉö: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÃóÝúÑöÛú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÕóÈúÑðÇ æóÊóæóÝøóäóÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 126] .
æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÈöáúÞöíÓó: {ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí æóÃóÓúáóãúÊõ ãóÚó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 44] .
æóÞóÇáó: {íóÍúßõãõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ áöáøóÐöíäó åóÇÏõæÇ æóÇáÑøóÈøóÇäöíøõæäó æóÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 44] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÐú ÃóæúÍóíúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó Ãóäú ÂãöäõæÇ Èöí æóÈöÑóÓõæáöí ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ æóÇÔúåóÏú ÈöÃóäøóäóÇ ãõÓúáöãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 111] .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöäøóÇ ãóÚóÇÔöÑó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÏöíäõäóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ» " (1) . æóÊóäóæøõÚõ ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøöíäõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóåõæó
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 4/167 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÇÈõ " æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÑúíóãó "¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóäóÇ Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÃóÎóæóÇÊõ ÚóáøóÇÊò¡ ÃõãøóåóÇÊõåõãú ÔóÊøóì¡ æóÏöíäõåõãú æóÇÍöÏñ "¡ æóÑóæóì ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÂÎóÑó íõÞóÇÑöÈõåõ¡ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö¡ æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ØõÑõÞò Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 4/1837 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚöíÓóì - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí " ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí " (Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö) ¡ 6/489 æóÇáúÚóáøóÇÊõ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáÖøóÑóÇÆöÑõ æóÃóÕúáõåõ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð Ëõãøó ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÃõÎúÑóì ßóÃóäøóåõ Úóáøó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÚóáóáõ¡ ÇáÔøõÑúÈõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÔøõÑúÈö¡ æóÃóæúáóÇÏõ ÇáúÚóáøóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóÃõãøóåóÇÊõåõãú ÔóÊøóì¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí: " Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó " 4/302 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈóÇÈñ: Ýöí ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/319¡ 406¡ 463¡ 482¡ 541 ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö 2/84.(5/266)
ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ ßóÇáÏøöíäö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÃóæøóáðÇ æóÂÎöÑðÇ.
æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóíúÊó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑóÊö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉõ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó¡ æóÝöí ßöáóÇ ÇáúÍóÇáóíúäö ÇáÏøöíäõ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóåõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ãóÇ ÔõÑöÚó áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÌóÚóáóåõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÈóÇØöáó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ.
ßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÕöÑóÇØöí ãõÓúÊóÞöíãðÇ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáÓøõÈõáó ÝóÊóÝóÑøóÞó Èößõãú Úóäú ÓóÈöíáöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 153] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÇåúÏöäóÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó - ÕöÑóÇØó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíúåöãú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÛúÖõæÈö Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: 6 - 7] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõ æóåóÏóÇåõ Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÍúáö: 121] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóíóåúÏöíóßó ÕöÑóÇØðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 2] .
æóÞóæúáöåö: {Çááøóåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Åöáóì ÇáäøõæÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõãõ ÇáØøóÇÛõæÊõ íõÎúÑöÌõæäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõæÑö Åöáóì ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 257] .
æóåóÐóÇ íõØóÇÈöÞõ ãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ßõáøóåõ ãóÐúãõæãñ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö ÇáøóÐöí Þöíáó Ýöíåö: {æóáóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Âãóäó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝóÑó æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 253] . ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú Èóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {åóÐóÇäö ÎóÕúãóÇäö ÇÎúÊóÕóãõæÇ Ýöí ÑóÈøöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 19] .(5/267)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊö Ýöí ÇáúãõÞúÊóÊöáöíäó íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò: Ýöí ÍóãúÒóÉó Úóãøö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÚóáöíøò ÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö (2) ¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇÑóÒóåõãú: ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÊúÈóÉó (3) .
æóÞóÏú ÊóÏóÈøóÑúÊõ ßõÊõÈó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáøóÊöí íõÐúßóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÞóÇáóÇÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöãøóÇ äóÞúáðÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ¡ ãöËúáó ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈö Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö áöáÔøóåúÑöÓúÊóÇäöíøö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÚöíÓóì ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞö¡ Ãóæú ãóÚó ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑò áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÇ ÕóäøóÝóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ØóÈóÞóÇÊöåöãú ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáøóÐöí ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Èöåö ßöÊóÇÈóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÓóáóÝõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ Èóáú íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåõ æóáóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ íóÐõãøõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó. æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÇáúÍóÇÐöÞõ
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(1) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (æ) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(2) Í¡ È: æóÚóáöíøò æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇÈúäóíú Úóãøóíúåö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÚóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏò Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/98 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö ãõÓúáöãò 4/2323 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (åóÐóÇäö ÎóÕúãóÇäö ÇÎúÊóÕóãõæÇ Ýöí ÑóÈøöåöãú) æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóåóÐöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÞúÓöãõ ÝöíåóÇ Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó (åóÐóÇäö ÎóÕúãóÇäö ÇÎúÊóÕóãõæÇ Ýöí ÑóÈøöåöãú) äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÍóãúÒóÉó æóÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö æóÚõÊúÈóÉó æóÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö íóæúãó ÈóÑóÒõæÇ Ýöí ÈóÏúÑò. æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏò Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÌúËõæ Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áöáúÎõÕõæãóÉö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó ÞóíúÓñ: æóÝöíåöãú äóÒóáóÊú (åóÐóÇäö ÎóÕúãóÇäö ÇÎúÊóÕóãõæÇ Ýöí ÑóÈøöåöãú) ÞóÇáó: åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÑóÒõæÇ íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò: Úóáöíøñ æóÍóãúÒóÉõ æóÚõÈóíúÏóÉõ æóÔóíúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÚõÊúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 5/401(5/268)
ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõäúÕöÝõ (1) ÇáøóÐöí ÛóÑóÖõåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãúÑöåö íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóÇáÔøóßøö¡ ÅöÐú áóãú íóÌöÏú Ýöí ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí äóÙóÑó ÝöíåóÇ æóäóÇÙöÑñ ãóÇ åõæó ÍóÞøñ ãóÍúÖñ. æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú íóÊúÑõßõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚó æóíóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Ïöíäö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÒõ æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí æóÞúÊó ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö: " áóÞóÏú ÎõÖúÊõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ÇáúÎöÖóãøó¡ æóÎóáøóíúÊõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÚõáõæãóåõãú¡ æóÏóÎóáúÊõ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí äóåóæúäöí Úóäúåõ. æóÇáúÂäó Åöäú áóãú íóÊóÏóÇÑóßúäöí ÑóÈøöí ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÝóÇáúæóíúáõ áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøö¡ æóåóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÐóÇ ÃóãõæÊõ Úóáóì ÚóÞöíÏóÉö Ãõãøöí ".
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãúÑöåö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÃóãúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÞúÝö æóÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú äóÙóÑó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáäøõÙøóÇÑö: Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö¡ æóÓóáóßó ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó (2) áóåõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ æóÝöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãúÑöåö ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÈöÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó (3) ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ æóÕóäøóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó ÈöäöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÞóÇáó (4) : " ÞóÏú (5) ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíøó (6) ãóäú ÅöÔóÇÑóÊõåõ Ûõäúãñ¡ æóØóÇÚóÊõåõ ÍóÊúãñ¡ Ãóäú ÃóÐúßõÑó áóåõ ãöäú ãõÔúßöáóÇÊö (7) ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãóÇ ÃõÔúßöáó Úóáóì Ðóæöí ÇáúÚõÞõæáö (8) ¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ æ: ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝõ¡ Ã: ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝõ.
(2) á È: ÊóíóÓøóÑó.
(3) ßóÇäó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) .
(4) Õ 3 ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáÝÑÏ Ìíæã.
(5) äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÞóÏú.
(6) äöåóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö: Åöáóíøó.
(7) äöåóÇíóÉö: Ãóäú ÃóÌúãóÚó áóåõ.
(8) äöåóÇíóÉö. . ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóÃóÍöáøó áóåõ ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ãöäú ÛóæóÇãöÖöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö.(5/269)
ÇÓúÊóÓúãóäó (1) ÐóÇ æóÑóãò¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÖóÑóãò¡ áóÚóãúÑöí:
áóÞóÏú ØõÝúÊõ (2) ÇáúãóÚóÇåöÏó ßõáøóåóÇ æóÓóíøóÑúÊõ ØóÑúÝöí Èóíúäó Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇáöãö Ýóáóãú ÃóÑó ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÖöÚðÇ ßóÝøó ÍóÇÆöÑò Úóáóì ÐóÞóäò Ãóæú ÞóÇÑöÚðÇ Óóäøó äóÇÏöãö
ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÌöÏú ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÇÆöÑðÇ ÔóÇßøðÇ æóãõÑúÊóÇÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ëõãøó äóÏöãó áóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÎóØóÄõåõ. ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö ÇáúÈóÓöíØö: ßóÙõáõãóÇÊò ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó íóÏóåõ áóãú íóßóÏú íóÑóÇåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ Ìóåöáó ÝóäóÏöãó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö íóÐúßõÑõ ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúÝöÑóÞö æóÍõÌóÌöåöãú (3) ¡ æóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõÑóÌøöÍõ ÔóíúÆðÇ áöáúÍóíúÑóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ¡ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæóÞúÝõ æóÇáúÍóíúÑóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõ¡ íóäúÕõÑõ ÞóæúáðÇ¡ æóÝöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò ÂÎóÑó íóäúÕõÑõ äóÞöíÖóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÃóãúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóÇáÔøóßøö. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó Ãóßúãóáó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇááøóåö (4) æóÈöÕöÝóÇÊöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó Úóáóì ßõáøò ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáñ (5) . æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúÊõ
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(1) äöåóÇíóÉö: ÇáúÚõÞõæáöº áöÍõÓúäö Ùóäøöåö Èöí Ãóäøóí æóÞóÝúÊõ Úóáóì äöåóÇíóÇÊö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóÝõÒúÊõ ÈöÛóÇíóÇÊö ãóØóÇÑöÍö ÇáúÝößóÑö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÓúãóäó. . .
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áóÚóãúÑöí áóÞóÏú ØõÝúÊõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí " äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö "¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉõ Ýöí ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö¡ 1/159 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöí åõäóÇßó Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Õ 2 Ø) ÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÝóÞöíÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ - ÚóÝóì Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÚóáøóßó ÃóåúãóáúÊó ÇáØøóæóÇÝó ÈöãóÚúåóÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóãóäú áóÇÞóÇåõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÚóÇáöãö. ÝóãóÇ ÍóÇÑó ãóäú íõåúÏóì ÈöåóÏúíö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóáóÓúÊó ÊóÑóÇåõ ÞóÇÑöÚðÇ Óóäøó äóÇÏöãö
(3) Í¡ Ñ: ÃóÞúæóÇáóåóÇ æóÍõÌóÌóåõãú¡ È: ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúÝöÑóÞö æóÍõÌóÌóåóÇ.
(4) æ: ÝóÞóÇáó áóãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇááøóåö¡ Ã: æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇááøóåö.
(5) Ã: ÐõßöÑó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáñ¡ È¡ Í: ÐõßöÑó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáñ.(5/270)
ßóáóÇãóåõ¡ æóÈóíøóäúÊõ ãóÇ ÃõÔúßöáó Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó.
ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáó ÑõÓõáóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú ßóãøóáó ÝöØúÑóÊóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑõÓõáóåõ¡ æóÌóÏó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáúíóÞöíäó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö¡ æóáóãú íóÊóäóÇÞóÖú. áóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÝúÓóÏõæÇ ÝöØúÑóÊóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉó æóÔöÑúÚóÊóåõãõ ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉó¡ ÈöãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøõÈõåóÇÊö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóåúÊóÏõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó ÊóÝúÕöíáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: æóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí æóÕóáó Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö æóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóÇÞó åóÐóÇ (1) ÇáÔøóÑóÇÈó.
äöåóÇíóÉõ ÅöÞúÏóÇãö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö ÚöÞóÇáõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÓóÚúíö ÇáúÚóÇáöãöíäó ÖóáóÇáõ æóÃóÑúæóÇÍóäóÇ Ýöí æóÍúÔóÉò ãöäú ÌõÓõæãöäóÇ æóÍóÇÕöáõ ÏõäúíóÇäóÇ ÃóÐðì æóæóÈóÇáõ æóáóãú äóÓúÊóÝöÏú ãóäú ÈóÍúËöäóÇ Øõæáó ÚõãúÑöäóÇ Óöæóì Ãóäú ÌóãóÚúäóÇ Ýöíåö Þöíáó æóÞóÇáõæÇ æóÞóÇáó (2) : " áóÞóÏú ÊóÃóãøóáúÊõ ÇáØøõÑõÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉó¡ æóÇáúãóäóÇåöÌó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝöíøóÉó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåóÇ ÊóÔúÝöí ÚóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÑúæöí ÛóáöíáðÇ. æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÞúÑóÈó ÇáØøõÑõÞö ØóÑöíÞóÉó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; ÇÞúÑóÃú Ýöí ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö (3) : {Åöáóíúåö íóÕúÚóÏõ Çáúßóáöãõ ÇáØøóíøöÈõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ íóÑúÝóÚõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 10]
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(1) á È: ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö. . . " 1/160 æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó Ãóäøóäöí áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏöí ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíóÉó íóÐúßõÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøó ßóÇäó íóÊóãóËøóáõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇááøóÐøóÇÊö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãóÎúØõæØñ ÈöÇáúåöäúÏö¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÈÑæßáãÇä Ööãúäó ãõÄóáøöÝóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóì " ÏóÑúÁö. . " Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíóÉó íóÐúßõÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó ßóËöíÑðÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö¡ ãöËúáó ãóÌúãõæÚö ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö 4/71 ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ Õ 97 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì Ø. ÕõÈóíúÍò¡ ãóÚóÇÑöÌö ÇáúæõÕõæáö¡ Õ 185 ãöäó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö.
(2) æóÞóÇáó: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) æ¡ ã: ÇáúÂíóÇÊö: æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(5/271)
¡ {ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇÓúÊóæóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 5] (1) æóÇÞúÑóÃú Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúíö: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÈóÕöíÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 11] (2) ¡ {æóáóÇ íõÍöíØõæäó Èöåö ÚöáúãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øóå: 110] (3) æóãóäú ÌóÑøóÈò ãöËúáó ÊóÌúÑöÈóÊöí¡ ÚóÑóÝó ãöËúáó ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöí ".
æóåõæó ÕóÇÏöÞñ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÝöÏú ãöäú ÈõÍõæËöåö Ýöí ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝöíøóÉö Óöæóì Ãóäú ÌóãóÚó Þöíáó æóÞóÇáõæÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÌöÏú ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÔúÝöí ÚóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúæöí ÛóáöíáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó ßõÊõÈóåõ ßõáøóåóÇ (4) áóãú íóÌöÏú ÝöíåóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ãõæóÇÝöÞóÉð áöáúÍóÞøö [ÇáøóÐöí íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö] (5) ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ¡ Èóáú íóÐúßõÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö¡ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÚóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞõ áöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáö: ÝöØúÑóÉõ Çááøóåö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚóáóíúåóÇ (6) .
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú åõãú ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ïóíúäóåõãú æóßóÇäõæÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ¡ æóåõãú ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö: {æóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÝöí ÔöÞóÇÞò ÈóÚöíÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 176] .
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(1) æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ íóÑúÝóÚõåõ¡ Ýöí (æ) ÝóÞóØú: æóÌóÇÁó ÂíóÉõ ÓõæÑóÉö Øóå ÞóÈúáó ÂíóÉö ÓõæÑóÉö ÝóÇØöÑò Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö. . . " 1/160.
(2) æóåõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÈóÕöíÑõ¡ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö. . ".
(3) Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö. . . " ÌóÇÁóÊú ÈóÚúÏó åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ÂíóÉõ ÓõæÑóÉö ãóÑúíóãó (åóáú ÊóÚúáóãõ áóåõ ÓóãöíøðÇ) .
(4) ßõáøóåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Ã) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) Í¡ È¡ Ñ: ÝóØóÑó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ¡ æó: ÝóØóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ.(5/272)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ãõÕóäøóÝöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäøóÝóåõ Ýöí ãóÍúÈóÓöåö (1) Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö æóÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÔóßøóÊú Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÊóÃóæøóáóÊúåõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÞóÇáó (2) : " ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò ÝóÊúÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ ÈóÞóÇíóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ íóÏúÚõæäó ãóäú Öóáøó Åöáóì ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóíóÕúÈöÑõæäó ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÐóì¡ íõÍúíõæäó ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóæúÊóì (3) ¡ æóíõÈóÕøöÑõæäó ÈöäõæÑö Çááøóåö Ãóåúáó ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÚóãóì (4) ¡ Ýóßóãú ãöäú ÞóÊöíáò áöÅöÈúáöíÓó ÞóÏú ÃóÍúíóæúåõ¡ æóßóãú ãöäú ÊóÇÆöåò ÖóÇáøò (5) ÞóÏú (6) åóÏóæúåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÃóËóÑóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÞúÈóÍó ÃóËóÑó (7) ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåöãú.
íóäúÝõæäó Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝó ÇáúÛóÇáöíäó¡ æóÇäúÊöÍóÇáó ÇáúãõÈúØöáöíäó¡ æóÊóÃúæöíáó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÞóÏõæÇ ÃóáúæöíóÉó ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö¡ æóÃóØúáóÞõæÇ ÚöäóÇäó (8) ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö¡ Ýóåõãú ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó (9) Úóáóì ãõÝóÇÑóÞóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ (* íóÞõæáõæäó Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÝöí Çááøóåö¡ æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò *) (10) ¡ íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ÈöÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóíóÎúÏóÚõæäó ÌõåøóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöãóÇ íõáóÈøöÓõæäó (11) Úóáóíúåöãú ".
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(1) ä: ÍóÈúÓöåö.
(2) Õ [0 - 9] 2 ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáäøóÔøóÇÑö¡ ãóÌúãõæÚóÉõ ÚóÞóÇÆöÏö ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ ÏóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ ÇáúÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉõ¡ 1971¡ Õ 85¡ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ï. ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäú ÚóãöíÑóÉú¡ ÏóÇÑõ ÇááøöæóÇÁö ÇáÑøöíóÇÖõ 1397/1977.
(3) äõÓúÎóÉõ ÇáäøóÔøóÇÑö¡ æó: íõÍúíõæäó ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóæúÊóì¡ æóíóÕúÈöÑõæäó ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÐóì.
(4) Í: ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóÇáúÚóãóì¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøõÓúÎóÊóíúäö ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÊóíúäö.
(5) äõÓúÎóÊóÇ ÇáäøóÔøóÇÑö æóÚóãöíÑóÉó: ÖóÇáøñ ÊóÇÆöåñ.
(6) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(7) äõÓúÎóÊóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøö: æóÃóÞúÈóÍó ÃóËóÑó.
(8) äõÓúÎóÊóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøö: ÚöÞóÇáó
(9) äõÓúÎóÊóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøö: ãõÌúãöÚõæäó.
(10) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(11) äõÓúÎóÊóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøö: ÈöãóÇ íõÔóÈøöåõæäó.(5/273)
æóåõæó ßóãóÇ æóÕóÝóåõãú - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúßóáóÇãö: ÅöãøóÇ äóÞúáðÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ áöáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äóÞúáðÇ æóÈóÍúËðÇ æóÐößúÑðÇ áöáúÌöÏóÇáö (1) ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÈóÚúÖðÇ æóíóÑõÏøõ ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõ ãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÑóÃúíóåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÍúßóãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ¡ æóãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ (2) åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ Ãóæú ÊóÝúæöíÖõåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó (3) Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÐóßóÑó (4) ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáøóÊöí (5) íóÍúÊóÌøõ (6) ÈöåóÇ æóíõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóíúåö ; ÊóÌöÏõåõ íóÊóÃóæøóáõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕó ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊò áóæú ÝóÚóáóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ áóÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÊóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÈöãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó áóãú íõÑöÏúåõ¡ æóÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóÕúáðÇ (7) ¡ æóÈöãóÇ åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ (8) ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ äõÕõæÕò ÃõÎúÑóì.
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(1) Í: áöáúÌóÏóáö.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã: æóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ.
(3) Ýöí ãóßóÇäö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (Ã) Ýöí ßõáøö ãõÕóäøóÝò¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) Ýöí ßõáøö ÕöäúÝò.
(4) æóÐóßóÑó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóíóÐúßõÑõ.
(5) æ: ÇáøóÐöí.
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÊóÌøõ ãóßóÇäóåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(7) Í: áóãú íõÑöÏúåõ æóÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóÕúáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÔóÇÈóåóÊú (Ñ) ¡ äõÓúÎóÉó (Í) ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö (áóãú íõÑöÏúåõ æóÝöí (Ã) : áóãú íõÑöÏúåõ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóÕúáðÇ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) áóãú íõÑöÏúåõ¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÏõáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö íõæÌóÏõ ßóáóÇãñ ÇÓúÊóÛúÑóÞó ÍóæóÇáóíú ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚöåö Ýöí (È) ¡ (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (Ã) æóÓóÃõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ãóßóÇäöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(8) ä¡ ã: æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ¡ Ñ¡ È: æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) Ýöí ãõäúÊóÕóÝö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö 3/70(5/274)
æóáóæú ÐóßóÑúÊõ ãóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó áóÐóßóÑúÊõ ÎóáúÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊóËúäöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö (1) : áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó ÈöÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö ãöäú ãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøò æóÑóÇÝöÖöíøò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈöíäó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ãöäú ßóÑøóÇãöíøò æóÃóÔúÚóÑöíøò æóÓóÇáöãöíøò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞöåöãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÈóÍúËöåöãú Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö (2) æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó (3) Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäú ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (4) " ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " æóÛóíúÑöåö. æóãöäú ÃóÌúãóÚö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÃóíúÊõåóÇ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó (5) Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö æóÊóÝóÇÕöíáöåóÇ (6) ãóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãóÐúåóÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈöÍóÓúÈö ãóÇ Ýóåöãóåõ Úóäúåõãú. æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÌöäúÓöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóíúåöãú ãöäúåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ æóÞóÇáó Èöåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ (7) æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò: Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö (8) ¡
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(1) æó: ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
(2) á È: ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) æ: æóÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
(4) Í¡ È: Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æ: Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí (æ) ¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: æóãöäú ÃóÌúãóÚö ÇáúßõÊõÈö.
(5) ä: Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö áöáäøóÇÓö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó.
(6) Í¡ È: æóÊóÝúÕöíáöåóÇ.
(7) æ: æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ.
(8) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÝöí ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö.(5/275)
æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö áóíúÓó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞúÕóì ãóÇ ÚóÑóÝóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÂËóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÚöáúãñ ÂÎóÑõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóáóÝõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÆöãøóÊõåóÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì Ðóãøö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ; ÝóÅöäøó ßóáóÇãóåõãú áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÔúÊóãöáó Úóáóì ÊóÕúÏöíÞò ÈöÈóÇØöáò¡ æóÊóßúÐöíÈò ÈöÍóÞøò (1) ¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (2) æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÐóãøõæåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö. æóáóãú íóÐõãøó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ßóáóÇãõåõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ [ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ] (3) ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ (æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÐõãøõåõ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ) (4) ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóíõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåöãú (5) äóÞúÖõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ßõáøõ ßóáóÇãöåöãú Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö (6) ¡ æóßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊóÞúÕöÏõ ÈóíóÇäó ÈõØúáóÇäö (7) Þóæúáö (8) ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÚöäúÏó ÏóáóÇÆöáó ßóËöíÑóÉò ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáö ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ãõÏöÍó Èöåö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Èóíøóäó ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöÍö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÊóäóÇÞõÖö
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(1) Í: Úóáóì ÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÈóÇØöáò æóÊóßúÐöíÈö ÍóÞøò¡ Ñ: Úóáóì ÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÈóÇØöáò æóÊóßúÐöíÈò ÈöÍóÞøò.
(2) æ: áöáúßöÊóÇÈö.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ã) .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (Ã) ¡ (È) .
(5) ßóáöãóÉõ ßóáóÇãöåöãú Ýöí Ãóæøóáö Õ 71 æóåõäóÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈñ Ýöí ÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáÕøóÝóÍóÇÊö Ýöí (È) ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ.
(6) æ: Ýöíåö ÈóÇØöáñ¡ Ã: Ýöíåö Þóæúáñ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö.
(7) ÈõØúáóÇäõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(8) Þóæúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ã) .(5/276)
ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú æóÝóÓóÇÏöåóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íõÈóíøöäúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÏóÑóÓó ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó ÐóßöíøðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÑóÌóÚó Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóäóÕóÑó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ØóÑöíÞóÉó ÇÈúäö ßõáøóÇÈò¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÛóíúÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈöíÑðÇ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝö áöáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ (1) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ (2) Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ãóÞóÇáóÉó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ãõÝóÕøóáóÉð: íóÐúßõÑõ (3) Þóæúáó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáÏøöÞøö æóÇáúÌöáøö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÍúßöí ÇÈúäõ (4) ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò (5) ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÍúßöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÞõÏõæÑöíøõ (6) ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó. æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö (7) ¡ áóßöäøó äóÞúáóåõ áóåóÇ (8) ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊö¡ áóÇ Úóäú ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉò
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã: ãöäú åõäóÇ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÐóßóÑó.
(3) íóÐúßõÑõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .
(4) ã¡ Ñ¡ Í: ßóãóÇ íõÍúßóì Úóäú.
(5) ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÇáäøóÝÒÇæöíøõ ÇáúÞóíúÑóæóÇäöíøõ¡ ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ íõáóÞøóÈõ ÈöãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÕúÛóÑö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÇáúßóáóÇãó æóáóÇ íóÊóÃóæøóáõ¡ ÃóÔúåóÑõ ßõÊõÈöåö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ¡ Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ØõÈöÚóÊú æóÔóÑóÍóåóÇ ßóËöíÑõæäó. æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 310 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 386 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 3/131¡ ÇáÏøöíÈóÇÌö ÇáúãõÐúåóÈö áöÇÈúäö ÝóÑúÍõæäó¡ Õ 136 - 138¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 4/230 - 231
(6) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÞõÏõæÑöíøõ¡ ÇäúÊóåóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÑöÆóÇÓóÉõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö¡ æóÕóäøóÝó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó ÈöÇÓúãöåö ÇáúÞõÏõæÑöíøõ Ýöí ÝöÞúåö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ØõÈöÚó¡ æõáöÏó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÓóäóÉó 362 æóÊõæÝøöíó ÈöåóÇ ÓóäóÉó 428 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 1/60 - 61¡ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúãõÖöíøóÉö 1/93 - 94¡ ÇáäøõÌõæãö ÇáÒøóÇåöÑóÉö 5/24 - 25¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/206
(7) æ: æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
(8) Ã: áóßöäú äóÞúáðÇ áóåóÇ¡ È¡ æ: áóßöäú äóÞúáðÇ áóåóÇ¡ Ñ: áóßöäú íóÚúáóãõ¡ Í: áóÇ áöÃóäú íóÚúáóãó.(5/277)
ãöäúåõ áöáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó¡ æóáóÇ Úóäú ÎöÈúÑóÉò ÈößõÊõÈöåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ ãóÞóÇáóÉó ÇÈúäö ßõáøóÇÈò Úóäú ÎöÈúÑóÉò ÈöåóÇ æóäóÙóÑò Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ßõÊõÈò (1) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Åöáóì (2) ãóÞóÇáóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÐóßóÑó ÃóãúÑðÇ ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ íóáúÞóì (3) ÃóßúËóÑóåõ Úóäú ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøö (4) ¡ æóÈóÚúÖóåõ Úóãøóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÍóäúÈóáöíøóÉö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó æóäóÍúæöåöãú. æóÃóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúãõÝóÕøóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãõÌúãóáö¿ (5) æóåõæó íõÔúÈöåõ (6) ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ (7) ¡ æóÚóáöãúäóÇ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ áöãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäú (8) ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö¡ æóÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Úöáúãö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøö Ãóæö ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö ÈöãóÐúåóÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÑóÝó ÃõÕõæáóåõ æóÝõÑõæÚóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ãóåúáöåö æóÃóÏöáøóÊöåö¡ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÂÎóÑö (9) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ãõÌúãóáóÉð.
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(1) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ßõÊõÈò ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ æóãóßóÇäõåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (Ñ) .
(2) Åöáóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(4) ÃóÈõæ íóÍúíóì ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò ÇáÖøóÈøöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÇáÓøóÇÌöíøõ ãöäú ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö æóãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 220 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 307¡ áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 3/299 - 301 ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/81
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãõÌúãóáö¡ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (Ã) ¡ (È) ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÌúãóáö.
(6) ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö æóåõæó íõÔúÈöåõ äóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ÕóÝúÍóÉö 3/69 ãöäú äõÓúÎóÉö (È) ÍóíúËõ íõæÌóÏõ ÇáúÎóØóÃõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóíõæÌóÏõ ÎóØóÃñ ãõãóÇËöáñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (Ã) .
(7) á È: ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ.
(8) Í¡ È: ãöäó.
(9) Í¡ È: ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÃõÎóÑö.(5/278)
ÝóåóßóÐóÇ (1) ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ ÈöãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÑóÝö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÝõæÑóßò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí æóÐóæöíåö¡ æóãöäó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö¡ [æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ] (2) ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö äóÇÞöÕðÇ ÚóãøóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó äóÞúáðÇ æóÊóæúÌöíåðÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÃóÚúÑóÝó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. Ãóæö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÞóåó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝöÞúåö. æóÇáúãõÞúÑöÆõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáäøóÍúæö æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö. æóÇáäøóÍúæöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö¡ æóäóÙóÇÆöÑõ åóÐóÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãöäú Ðóãøö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÞóæúáöíøõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÚóãóáöíøõ æóåõæó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÈöÇáúíóÏö æóÇáÓøóíúÝö æóÇáúÚóÕóÇ æóÇáÓøóæúØö Ýóåõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö.
æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóäóÍúæõåõãú (3) íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö. æóÇáúãõáõæßõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÞóÇÊóáõæäó (4) Úóáóì ãóÍúÖö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí. æóÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÚõæäó Åöáóì Þóæúáò ÇÈúÊóÏóÚõæåõ¡ æóíõÍóÇÑöÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú áóÇ ÈöíóÏò¡ æóáóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäò¡ åóÄõáóÇÁö åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÎóØóÄõåõãú ãóÛúÝõæÑñ
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(3) ä¡ ã: æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
(4) ä¡ ã: íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó.(5/279)
áóåõãú æóáóíúÓõæÇ ãóÐúãõæãöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáóåõãú åóæðì æóÚõÏúæóÇäñ Ãóæú ÊóÝúÑöíØñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÐõäõæÈöåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÇáÕøöÑóÇØö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö Ýöí ßõáøö ÃõãõæÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÑøóÚó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ãóäú äóÓúÃóáóåõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö æóÃóÝúÑóÖõåõ æóÃóÌúãóÚõåõ áößõáøö ÎóíúÑò¡ æóßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò ãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Åöáóì ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Èöåö¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Ýöí ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú åõÏöíó åóÏðì ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ ãöËúáõ ÅöÞúÑóÇÑöåö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÍóÞøñ æóÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÍóÞøñ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ æóíóÝúÚóáõåõ æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ¡ ÝóíõËúÈöÊõåõ Ãóæú íóäúÝöíåö¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Ãóæú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö Ãóæú íóäúåóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóíóÍúãóÏõåõ Ãóæú íóÐõãøõåõ. æóåõæó ãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö Ðóáößó Åöáóì Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó¡ ÕöÑóÇØó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÍóÓõäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÑóÝöíÞðÇ. ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚó Ðóãøó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó (1) Ðóãøó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøóÉö ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÊóÝóÇÕöíáó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö: ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóÓøöØðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ áóãú íóÕöáú Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÇíóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ãöäúåóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõ íóÐõãøõ ÇáúÞóæúáó æóÞóÇÆöáóåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò¡ æóíóÞúÈóáõåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò (2) ¡ æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ßõÊõÈó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÔõÑõæÍó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÇÊõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íóÐõãøõåóÇ¡ ÝóíóÞúÈóáõåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÔúÎóÇÕò ÃõÎóÑó íõÍúÓöäõ ÇáÙøóäøó Èöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæåóÇ (3) ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ãóæú Ýöí Ööãúäö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÂíóÉò Ãóæú ÍóÏöíËò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
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(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉò¡ æóíóÞúÈóáõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæåóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÐóßóÑõæåóÇ.(5/280)
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ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú ÞóÈöáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó (2) ÊóÞúáöíÏöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÊøóÈöÚõ ãóäú íóßõæäõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÃóÚúÙóãó¡ ÝóÅöäú Ùóäøó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ÍóÞøóÞõæÇ ãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÞøöÞúåõ ÃóÆöãøóÊõåõãú ÞóáøóÏóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú Ùóäøó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉó ÃóÌóáøõ ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö (3) æóÃóÊúÈóÚõ áöáÑøóÓõæáö ÞóáøóÏóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÚóÑöÝó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÈóáóÛóåõ Ãóäøó ÃóÆöãøóÉð íõÚóÙøöãõåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö Ãóæú ÌóÇÁó (4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö (5) ÈóÞöíó Ýöí ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÌøóÍó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö ÑóÌøóÍó Úóáóì ãóÖóÖò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÇ íóÈúäöí Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöÑøõ ÞóáúÈõåõ ÈöãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÕöÍøóÉó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÌóÒúãðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏó áóÇ íõæÑöËõ ÇáúÌóÒúãó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÒóãó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÞóÇáóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ ÌóÒóãó ÈöÐóáößó æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
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(2) ä¡ ã¡ æ: Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö¡ Ñ: Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó.
(3) æóÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ æ¡ È: æóÌóÇÁó.
(5) Ã: ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåóÇ.
(6) Ñ: ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú.
(7) ÞóÏú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .(5/281)
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æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑöÝó ÑóÏøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÃõæáóÆößó (1) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃõæáóÆößó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ÝóíóÊøóÞöí ÇáúÈóÇØöáó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÚóåõãú. Ëõãøó ãóäú Èóíøóäó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÞóæúáðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÖó Þóæúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÈóÚúÖó Þóæúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóÚóáóíúåö Ïóáøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÊóãøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉó¡ ÅöÐú åóÏóÇåõ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó¡ æóÌóäøóÈóåõ ÕöÑóÇØó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóÛúíö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö.
æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú áóåõ¡ ßóÇäó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõåõ ãöäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáöåöãú¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáöåöãú¡ äöÚúãóÉð Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÕóãó ÈöãóÇ ÚóÑóÝóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãõÌúãóáðÇ¡ æóÃóãúÓóßó Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ Êóßóáøóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÌöÏõåõãú íóÍúßõæäó ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ Èóáú æóÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇáØøöÈøö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÍúßöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó æóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÍóÞøó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÕöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ áößóËúÑóÊöåö æóáöÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú (2) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉó ÇáøóÊöí (3) ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ßóÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ æóãóäú äóÓóÌó Úóáóì ãöäúæóÇáöåöãóÇ åöíó ÝóáúÓóÝóÉõ ÃóÑöÓúØõæ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÊøóÚóÇáöíãö: ÇáúãóäúØöÞö¡ æóÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøö¡ æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáØøóÈöíÚóÉö (4) . æóÇáøóÐöí (5) íóÍúßöíåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ
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(1) Í: Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö.
(2) Í¡ æ¡ È: æóÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú.
(3) ÇáøóÊöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) á È: æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøö¡ Í¡ æ: æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉö.
(5) ä¡ ã: åõæó ÇáøóÐöí.(5/282)
æóÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ (1) æóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö åõæó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ.
æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉõ ÃóÕúäóÇÝñ ãõÕóäøóÝóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö. æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÏóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúßóáóÇãö (2) æóÞóÈúáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó (3) ¡ æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈñ ßóÈöíÑñ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäú ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð áöáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÃúÎõÐõæäó Úóäö ÇÈúä ÓöíäóÇ. æóßóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚöíÓóì ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞõ (4) æóÇáäøõæÈóÎúÊöíøõ (5) æóÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò (6) æóÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò (7) æóÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ßõÊõÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò. æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÑóÏøö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉö áößóæúäöåóÇ áóãú ÊóÎúØõÑú ÈöÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóáóÇ åõäóÇßó ãóäú íõÎóÇØöÈõåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõØóÇáöÚõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ åöíó Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÊóÝöÚõ Èöåö ãóäú áóãú íóÝúåóãö ÇáÑøóÏøó¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íõÓúÊóÖóÑøõ Èöåö ãóäú ÚóÑöÝó ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉó æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÝóÓóÇÏóåóÇ.
æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõäóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÑõÏøõæäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÈöÈóÇØöáò¡ æóßöáóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÐúãõæãðÇ ãóãúäõæÚðÇ ãöäúåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõåõ ÈóÇØöáñ.
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(1) ä: íóÍúßöíåö ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøö 1/394 Ãóäøó ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÞóÇÆöÞö ãóÝúÞõæÏñ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÓóÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 7 - 51
(3) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈñ ãóÝúÞõæÏñ ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÓóÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 35 - 39
(4) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 2/501
(5) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 1/72
(6) ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 1/395
(7) ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ 1/278(5/283)
æóÈößõáøö ÍóÇáò Ýóåõãú íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãöäú ÚõíõæÈö ÈóÇØöáö ÛóíúÑöåöãú æóÐóãøóåö ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóäúÊóÝöÚõ Èöåö.
ãöËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ÊóäóÇÒõÚõåõãú Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö. ÝóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÊõÈú ãöäúåóÇ ãõÎóáøóÏñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ áóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. Ëõãøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÊóÞõæáõ: åõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ÊõæóÇÝöÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúãö. æóÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ ÊóÞõæáõ: åõæó ãõÄúãöäñ ÊóÇãøõ (1) ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ áóÇ äóÞúÕó Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ Èóáú ÅöíãóÇäõåõ ßóÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö. æóåóÐóÇ äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö. Ëõãøó ÊóÞõæáõ ÝõÞóåóÇÄõåõãú ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö: Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ. ßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íõäóÇÒöÚõæäó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí Íõßúãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõäóÇÒöÚõæäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö. æóíõäóÇÒöÚõæäó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíãóäú ÞóÇáó æóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú. æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ãõÊóßóáøöãóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö ÊóÞõæáõ: áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ (2) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáóåóÇ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÝõÓøóÇÞö¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáóåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ ÏõÎõæáõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú. æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãóäú ÃóÐúäóÈó æóÊóÇÈó áóÇ íõÞúØóÚõ ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÊóæúÈóÊöåö¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÇáäøóÇÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ýóåõãú íóÞöÝõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÓõãøõæÇ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝóÉõ. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
ÝóíóÍúÊóÌøõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÈöäõÕõæÕö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö æóÚõãõæãöåóÇ¡ æóíõÚóÇÑöÖõåõãú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöäõÕõæÕö ÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÚõãõæãöåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÃõæáóÆößó: ÇáúÝõÓøóÇÞõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ÇáúæóÚúÏö¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú (3) áóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ßóÇãöáõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
(3) ã¡ æ: áöÃóäøóåõ.(5/284)
ÍóÓóäóÇÊö áóåõãú (1) ¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 27] . æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {áóÇ ÊõÈúØöáõæÇ ÕóÏóÞóÇÊößõãú ÈöÇáúãóäøö æóÇáúÃóÐóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 264] . æóÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÑúÝóÚõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÇÊóßõãú ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóáóÇ ÊóÌúåóÑõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ßóÌóåúÑö ÈóÚúÖößõãú áöÈóÚúÖò Ãóäú ÊóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáõßõãú æóÃóäúÊõãú áóÇ ÊóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 2] . æóÞóÇáó: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÎóØó Çááøóåó æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 28] .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇÖöíó ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÞóÏú íõÍúÈóØõ ÈöÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÞúæóì. æóÇáúæóÚúÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó áöáúãõÄúãöäö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóíúÓõæÇ ãõÄúãöäöíäó (2) ; ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó Çááøóåõ æóÌöáóÊú ÞõáõæÈõåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 2] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ëõãøó áóãú íóÑúÊóÇÈõæÇ æóÌóÇåóÏõæÇ ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 15] ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö (3) : {ÃóÝóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ßóãóäú ßóÇäó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóæõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 18] . æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ áóíúÓó ÈöãõÄúãöäò ÝóáóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ ÇáúæóÚúÏõ.
æóÈöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÒúäöí ÇáÒøóÇäöí Íöíäó íóÒúäöí æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó Íöíäó íóÔúÑóÈõåóÇ æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÑöÞõ ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞõ Íöíäó íóÓúÑöÞõ æóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ» " (4) æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ãóäú ÛóÔøóäóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ¡ æóãóäú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ» " (5) æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó.
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(1) ä: áóÇ ÍöÓóÇÈó áóåõãú.
(2) È¡ æ: áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöãõÄúãöäöíäó.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ æ: ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó æóÈöÞóæúáöåö È: ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó¡ æóÞóæúáöåö.
(4) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 207
(5) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóäú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ¡ æóãóäú ÛóÔøóäóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ. Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/99 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóäú ÛóÔøóäóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ. ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 18/100 æóÌóÇÁó ÞöÓúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ãóäú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÓóáóãóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/4 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóãóäú ÃóÍúíóÇåóÇ) 9/49 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóäú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ¡ ãõÓúáöãñ 1/98 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóäú Íóãóáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ãóäú ÛóÔøóäóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ) Ãóæú (áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú ÛóÔøó) Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ Ýóåõæó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/370 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáúÛöÔøö¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/389 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÇáúÛöÔøö Ýöí ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóÑöåõæÇ ÇáúÛöÔøó æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÛöÔøõ ÍóÑóÇãñ(5/285)
æóÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ: Þóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 27] ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö: ãóäö ÇÊøóÞóì ÇáÔøöÑúßó. æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ áóÇ ÊõÍúÈóØõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÆöäú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊó áóíóÍúÈóØóäøó Úóãóáõßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö 65] æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóäú íóßúÝõÑú ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÈöØó Úóãóáõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 5] .
æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóËúäóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÕúØóÝóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ÙóÇáöãñ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóãöäúåõãú ãõÞúÊóÕöÏñ æóãöäúåõãú ÓóÇÈöÞñ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúÝóÖúáõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ - ÌóäøóÇÊõ ÚóÏúäò íóÏúÎõáõæäóåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò 32 - 33] ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. æóÞóÏú Íõßöíó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÛõáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó. æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ Èöåö ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ÝóÃóÍúßöíåö Úóäúåõ. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÍúßöíåö (1) Úóäú ãõÞóÇÊöáö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóáóØñ Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ã: ãóäú íóÐúßõÑõåõ.(5/286)
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóíóÍúÊóÌøõæäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóäúÐóÑúÊõßõãú äóÇÑðÇ ÊóáóÙøóì - áóÇ íóÕúáóÇåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóì - ÇáøóÐöí ßóÐøóÈó æóÊóæóáøóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 14 - 16] æóÞóÏú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Ðóáößó íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 16] ÞóÇáó: ÝóÇáúæóÚöíÏõ ÔóíúÁñ íõÎóæøöÝõßõãú Èöåö.
æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 9] ÝóåóÐöåö Ýöí ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÝóÊóÚúÓðÇ áóåõãú æóÃóÖóáøó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 8 - 9] . æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóÏúÈóÇÑöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãõ ÇáúåõÏóì ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Óóæøóáó áóåõãú æóÃóãúáóì áóåõãú - Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ ÓóäõØöíÚõßõãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇááøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ ÅöÓúÑóÇÑóåõãú - ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÝøóÊúåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÖúÑöÈõæäó æõÌõæåóåõãú æóÃóÏúÈóÇÑóåõãú - Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÎóØó Çááøóåó æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 25 - 28] ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóÏúÈóÇÑöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãõ ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó Óóæøóáó áóåõãú æóÃóãúáóì áóåõãú¡ Ãóíú: æóÓøóÚó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚõãúÑö¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö æóÚúÏöåöãú áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö (1) ÈöÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ ÓóäõØöíÚõßõãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóãúÑö} .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÓøóÑó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó {ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ} ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÓóÈóÈó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÇáúíóåõæÏö. ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúæóÚöíÏöíøóÉõ: Çááøóåõ (2) - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÅöäøóãóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: æóÚúÏöåöãõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó.
(2) æ: ÝóÇááøóåõ.(5/287)
æóÕóÝóåõãú ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ßóÑóÇåóÉö ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ (1) Úóãóáõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö. æóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáúÞóáúÈö (2) æóÚöáúãõåõ (3) ¡ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ Ìóåúãò æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíøö æóÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö.
æóÚöäúÏó ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö: åõæó Þóæúáõ ÇááøöÓóÇäö ãóÚó ÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáúÞóáúÈö. æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈö áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÚöäúÏóåõãú ßóÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö¡ Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö æóÞóáúÈöåö (4) ãóÚó ßóÑóÇåóÉö ãóÇ äóÒøóáó (5) Çááøóåõ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ßóÇÝöÑñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú. æóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåö ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö Þóæúáöåöãú.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõßõãú: ÇáúãõÊøóÞõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÞóæõÇ ÇáÔøöÑúßó. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó Ýöí ÙöáóÇáò æóÚõíõæäò - æóÝóæóÇßöåó ãöãøóÇ íóÔúÊóåõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÇÊö: 41 - 42] ¡ {Åöäøó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó Ýöí ÌóäøóÇÊò æóäóåóÑò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö: 54] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Çáã - Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö åõÏðì áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó - ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇáúÛóíúÈö æóíõÞöíãõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóãöãøóÇ ÑóÒóÞúäóÇåõãú íõäúÝöÞõæäó - æóÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó æóÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö åõãú íõæÞöäõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 1 - 4] .
æóÞóÇáóÊú ãóÑúíóãõ: {Åöäøöí ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãöäúßó Åöäú ßõäúÊó ÊóÞöíøðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 18]
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ ÈöÇáúÞóáúÈö.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ã: æóÚóãóáõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Í¡ È: ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö æóáöÓóÇäöåö¡ Ã: ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ æóÞóáúÈõåõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÃóäúÒóáó.(5/288)
æóáóãú ÊõÑöÏú Èöåö ÇáÔøöÑúßó (1) ¡ Èóáú ÃóÑóÇÏóÊö ÇáÊøóÞöíøó ÇáøóÐöí íõÊøóÞóì ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÏöãõ (2) Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÌõæÑö.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóåõ ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ æóíóÑúÒõÞúåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: 1 - 2] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÊóÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóßõãú ÝõÑúÞóÇäðÇ æóíõßóÝøöÑú Úóäúßõãú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 29] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøóåõ ãóäú íóÊøóÞö æóíóÕúÈöÑú ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÖöíÚõ ÃóÌúÑó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 90] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÊõÈúáóæõäøó Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáößõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓößõãú æóáóÊóÓúãóÚõäøó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú æóãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÔúÑóßõæÇ ÃóÐðì ßóËöíÑðÇ æóÅöäú ÊóÕúÈöÑõæÇ æóÊóÊøóÞõæÇ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÚóÒúãö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 186] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßó Úóáóì ÔóÑöíÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚúåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇááøóåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇËöíóÉö: 18 - 19] .
æóÞóÇáó: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÞõæáõæÇ ÞóæúáðÇ ÓóÏöíÏðÇ - íõÕúáöÍú áóßõãú ÃóÚúãóÇáóßõãú æóíóÛúÝöÑú áóßõãú ÐõäõæÈóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 70 - 71] Ýóåõãú ÞóÏú ÂãóäõæÇ æóÇÊøóÞóæõÇ ÇáÔøöÑúßó Ýóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑóåõãú Èöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÊóÑúßö ÇáÔøöÑúßö.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó ÍóÞøó ÊõÞóÇÊöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 102] .
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(1) ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö æóáóãú ÊõÑöÏú Èöåö ÇáÔøöÑúßó ÊóÚõæÏõ äõÓúÎóÉõ (í) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÓøóÞúØö ÇáØøóæöíáö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÑúÊõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Åöáóì Ãóæøóáöåö.
(2) Í¡ È¡ í¡ Ñ: ÃóÑóÇÏóÊö ÇáÊøóÞöíøó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÞúÏöãõ¡ á æ: ÃóÑóÇÏóÊö ÇáøóÐöí íõÊøóÞóì ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõ.(5/289)
ÃóÝóíóÞõæáõ ãõÓúáöãñ: Åöäøó ÞõØøóÇÚó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÓúÝößõæäó ÏöãóÇÁó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóÃúÎõÐõæäó ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãõ ÇÊøóÞóæõÇ Çááøóåó ÍóÞøó ÊõÞóÇÊöåö áößóæúäöåöãú áóãú íõÔúÑößõæÇ¡ æóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÙõáúãö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇÊøóÞóæõÇ Çááøóåó ÍóÞøó ÊõÞóÇÊöåö¿ .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ: ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò (1) æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ßóÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóãõÞóÇÊöáò: " ÍóÞøó ÊõÞóÇÊöåö Ãóäú íõØóÇÚó ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÕóì¡ æóÃóäú íõÔúßóÑó ÝóáóÇ íõßúÝóÑõ¡ æóÃóäú íõÐúßóÑó ÝóáóÇ íõäúÓóì " (2) . æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÑúæöíåö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÝöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúæóÇáöÈöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: åõæó Ãóäú íõÌóÇåöÏó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýöí Çááøóåö ÍóÞøó ÌöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐóåõ Ýöí Çááøóåö áóæúãóÉõ áóÇÆöãò¡ æóÃóäú íóÞõæãõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóáóæú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÃóÈúäóÇÆöåöãú (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÂíóÉö (4) ÃõÎúÑóì: {ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÛóÇÈõäö: 16] æóåóÐöåö ãõÝóÓøöÑóÉñ áöÊöáúßó. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö åöíó äóÇÓöÎóÉñ áóåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚóÉñ áöãóÇ íõÙóäøõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÊõÞóÇÊöåö: ãóÇ íóÚúÌöÒõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑõ Úóäúåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÈöåóÐóÇ ÞóØøõ. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑó Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÛóáöØó. æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáäøóÓúÎö Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáÓøóáóÝö íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ßõáøõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö äóæúÚõ ÑóÝúÚò áöÍõßúãò¡ Ãóæú ÙóÇåöÑò¡ Ãóæú Ùóäøö ÏóáóÇáóÉò ÍóÊøóì íõÓóãøõæÇ ÊóÎúÕöíÕó ÇáúÚóÇãøö äóÓúÎðÇ (5) ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÓóãøöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁó äóÓúÎðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑó äõÒõæáõåõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Ã: æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÃóäú íõÐúßóÑó ÝóáóÇ íõäúÓóì¡ æóÃóäú íõÔúßóÑó ÝóáóÇ íõßúÝóÑõ
(3) ÃóæúÑóÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö 2/72
(4) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÝöí ÂíóÉò.
(5) ÚöäúÏ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÚóÇãøö æóÝöí ÃóÓúÝóáö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ßóáöãóÉõ äóÓúÎðÇ ÊóäúÊóåöí äõÓúÎóÉõ (Ã) ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö.(5/290)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò æóáóÇ äóÈöíøò ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Êóãóäøóì ÃóáúÞóì ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÃõãúäöíøóÊöåö ÝóíóäúÓóÎõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ íõáúÞöí ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ëõãøó íõÍúßöãõ Çááøóåõ ÂíóÇÊöåö æóÇááøóåõ Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 52] ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóÝúÚñ áöÔóíúÁò ÃóáúÞóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ æóáóãú íõäóÒøöáúåõ Çááøóåõ¡ áóßöäøó ÛóÇíóÊóåõ Ãóäú íõÙóäøó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóäúÒóáóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ äóÓóÎóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÓøóåõãú ØóÇÆöÝñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÊóÐóßøóÑõæÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ãõÈúÕöÑõæäó - æóÅöÎúæóÇäõåõãú íóãõÏøõæäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÛóíøö Ëõãøó áóÇ íõÞúÕöÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 201 - 202] ¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ íóãõÏøõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóíøö¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÊóÐóßøóÑõ æóáóÇ íõÈúÕöÑõ¡ ßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¿ .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ýöí ÂíóÉö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: {æóãóäú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóåõ ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ æóíóÑúÒõÞúåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: 2 - 3] . æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò áóæú Úóãöáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö áóßóÝóÊúåõãú» " (1) æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÏøóì ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÍóÏøó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáØøóáóÇÞö íóÞõæáõæäó áóåõ: áóæö ÇÊøóÞóíúÊó Çááøóåó áóÌóÚóáó áóßó ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ æóÝóÑóÌðÇ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóÞúæóì åõäóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÊóÞúæóì ÇáÔøöÑúßö. æóãöäú ÃóæóÇÎöÑö (2)
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1411 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÑóÚö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóäóÕøõåõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÚóãøóÇÑò æóÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Åöäøöí áóÃóÚúÑöÝõ ßóáöãóÉð æóÞóÇáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ: ÂíóÉð¡ áóæú ÃóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú ÈöåóÇ áóßóÝóÊúåõãú¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóíøóÉó ÂíóÉò¿ ÞóÇáó: (æóãóäú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóåõ ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ) ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóáøöÞõ: " Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóáöíáö áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò¡ ÞóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö ". æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÒóÇÏó " ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÊúáõæåóÇ æóíõÑóÏøöÏõåóÇ Úóáóíøó ÍóÊøóì äóÚóÓúÊõ ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: (íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò ßóíúÝó ÊóÕúäóÚõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¿ . . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.)
(2) ä¡ ã: æóãöäú ÂÎöÑö(5/291)
ãóÇ äóÒóáú ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÂÎöÑõ ÂíóÉò äóÒóáóÊú Þóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ íóæúãðÇ ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó Ýöíåö Åöáóì Çááøóåö Ëõãøó ÊõæóÝøóì ßõáøõ äóÝúÓò ãóÇ ßóÓóÈóÊú æóåõãú áóÇ íõÙúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 281] ¡ Ýóåóáö ÇÊøöÞóÇÁõ Ðóáößó åõæó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÊóÑúßö ÇáÔøöÑúßö¿ ¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÚóáó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÑóßó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö¿ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ØóáúÞõ Èúäõ ÍóÈöíÈò æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò íóäúÓõÈõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÁö ÞóÇáó: ÇáÊøóÞúæóì Ãóäú ÊóÚúãóáó ÈöØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö Úóáóì äõæÑò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÑúÌõæ ÑóÍúãóÉó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäú ÊóÊúÑõßó ãóÚúÕöíóÉó Çááøóåö Úóáóì äõæÑò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÎóÇÝõ ÚöÞóÇÈó Çááøóåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ýóßóæúäõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó åõãõ ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõæäó (1) áöáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ ÇáúãõÌúÊóäöÈõæäó (2) áöáúãóÍóÇÑöãö¡ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÎóáóÝðÇ Úóäú ÓóáóÝò¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó (3) .
ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõßõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÝóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ßóãóäú ßóÇäó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóæõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 18] ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ áöÃóäøó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÂíóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÓóÞõæÇ ÝóãóÃúæóÇåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÃõÚöíÏõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÞöíáó áóåõãú ÐõæÞõæÇ ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí ßõäúÊõãú Èöåö ÊõßóÐøöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 20] ÝóÞóÏú æóÕóÝóåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÕúÝõ ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈö áóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÕöí.
æóÞóÇáõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö áöáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö: áóæú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö ßóÇÝöÑðÇ áóßóÇäó ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ æóæóÌóÈó ÞóÊúáõåõ. æóÇááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÈöÌóáúÏö ÇáÒøóÇäöí æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÌóáúÏö ÇáúÞóÇÐöÝö æóÃóãóÑó
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáúÝóÇÚöáöíäó.
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáúãõÌúÊóäöÈöíäó.
(3) ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/292)
ÈöÞóØúÚö ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö (1) ¡ æóãóÖóÊú ÓõäøóÉõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÌóáúÏö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö. ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÕóÑöíÍóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÒøóÇäöíó æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÈó æóÇáÓøóÇÑöÞó æóÇáúÞóÇÐöÝó áóíúÓõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó ÇáúÞóÊúáó¡ Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó äóÕøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö.
æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõãú æóáöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö: ÞóÏú (2) ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÅöäú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇÞúÊóÊóáõæÇ ÝóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÈóÛóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÝóÞóÇÊöáõæÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÈúÛöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóÝöíÁó Åöáóì ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÝóÅöäú ÝóÇÁóÊú ÝóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÃóÞúÓöØõæÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó - ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöÎúæóÉñ ÝóÃóÕúáöÍõæÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÎóæóíúßõãú æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊõÑúÍóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 9 - 10] ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóÞóÏú ÓóãøóÇåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóÚó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÊóÇáö æóÇáúÈóÛúíö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÈöÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõãú ÅöÎúæóÉó ÇáúãõÕúáöÍö (3) Èóíúäóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÛúíó áóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóáóÇ Úóäú ÃõÎõæøóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö.
ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ: æóÞóæúáõåõ (4) : " áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ " Ãóíú áóíúÓó ãöËúáóäóÇ¡ Ãóæú áóíúÓó ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑöäóÇ. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõãú: Ýóáóæú áóãú (5) íóÛöÔøó æóáóãú íóÍúãöáö ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó¡ ÃóßóÇäó íóßõæäõ ãöËúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ Ãóæú ßóÇäó íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑöåöãú ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö¿ .
æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉõ: äõÕõæÕõ ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÚóÇãøóÉñ¡ æóãöäøóÇ ãóäú íõäúßöÑõ ÕöíóÛó ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃóãóÑó ÈöÌóáúÏö ÇáÒøóÇäöí æóÇáúÞóÇÐöÝö æóÈöÞóØúÚö ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö.
(2) ÞóÏú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (æ) ¡ (È) .
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: áöáúãõÕúáöÍö.
(4) Ãóíö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
(5) Í¡ È: áóæú áóãú.(5/293)
æóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊóåóÇ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ (1) ÊóäóÇæõáóåóÇ (2) áößõáøö ÝóÑúÏò ãöäú ÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøö (3) ¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íõÚóÐøóÈú (4) áóãú íóßõäö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÞóÏú Ôóãóáóåõ.
ÝóÞöíáó áöáúæóÇÞöÝóÉö ãöäúåõãú: ÚöäúÏóßõãú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáó ÇáúæóÚöíÏõ ÈöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÊóÚúØöíáõ äõÕõæÕö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÞóì áóÇ ÎóÇÕøóÉñ æóáóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ.
æóáóíúÓó ãóÞúÕõæÏõäóÇ åõäóÇ ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ ÈöÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚõæäó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ãõÊóæóÓøöØõæäó Èóíúäó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö. áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÊóÎúáöíÏö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ. áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí (5) ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ãóäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò (6) æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÔóÝóÇÚóÉö äóÈöíøöäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíãóäú íóÔúÝóÚõ áóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö (7) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ.
(2) ã: ÈöÊóäóÇæõáöåóÇ¡ ä: ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Í¡ ã: ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(4) Í¡ Ñ: Ýóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú íõÚóÐøóÈõ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ æ: ãöäó.
(6) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 205
(7) Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: (ÔóÝóÇÚóÊöí áöÃóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/325 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/45 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ: ÑóÞúãõ 11 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/213 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö (Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1441 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÔóÑúÍó ÇáúÚóÞöíÏóÉö ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøóÉö ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÔõÚóíúÈ ÇáúÃóÑúäóÄõæØ 1401/1981 Õ 198 - 200(5/294)
[æóåóÐöåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉñ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóÇ äóÞöÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö¡ Èóáú äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÏúÎöáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãóäú íõÏúÎöáõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö] (1) ¡ æóäóÇÓñ ÂÎóÑõæäó áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäóåóÇ áöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò. áóßöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ: åóáú íóßõæäõ ÇáÏøóÇÎöáõæäó ÈöÓóÈóÈò ÇÞúÊóÖóì Ðóáößó¡ ßóÚöÙóãö (2) ÇáÐøõäõæÈö æóßóËúÑóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóÏúÎõáõæåóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈò ãóäóÚó Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¿ æóÃóäøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì - íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈöÍößúãóÉò æóÃóÓúÈóÇÈò¿ Ãóãú ÞóÏú íõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáóíúäö ÈöãóÍúÖö ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö¡ ÝóíõÚóÐøöÈõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕó æóíóÚúÝõæ Úóãøóäú åõæó ãöËúáõåõ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò ÈöãóÍúÖö ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö¿ åóÐóÇ áóåõãú Ýöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö æóÇáäøõÕõæÕõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÊóæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÏú äóÞöÝõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ; ÝóáóÇ äóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÈöÌóäøóÉò æóáóÇ äóÇÑò ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Úöáúãò¡ áöÃóäøó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÈóÇØöäöåö æóãóÇ ãóÇÊó Úóáóíúåö áóÇ äõÍöíØõ Èöåö¡ áóßöäú äóÑúÌõæ áöáúãõÍúÓöäö æóäóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓöíÁö.
æóáóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö áöÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö áößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÌóÇÁó Ýöíåö äóÕøñ. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö áöåóÄõáóÇÁö æóáöãóäú ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÃóäúÊõãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁõ Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö» " (3) . æóÞóÇáó: " «íõæÔößõ Ãóäú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ßóÚöÙóãö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóåõæó ÕóæóÇÈñ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áöÚöÙóãö.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/498 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: (æóÌóÈóÊú)(5/295)
ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö " ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èöãó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö ÇáÓøóíøöÆö» " (1) ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóåúáõ ÇáäøóÇÑö. æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò íóÞõæáõ: " ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö " æóíóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ. æóÈóÓúØõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áóåõ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÅöíãóÇäñ Ãóßúãóáó ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Ãóßúãóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöíãóÇäðÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõåõãú ÎõáõÞðÇ» " (2) ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Þóæúáõåõ: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 27] Ãóíú ãöãøóäö ÇÊøóÞóÇåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÎõáõæøó ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáúÎõáõæøö ãöäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö¡ Èóáú ãóäö ÇÊøóÞóÇåõ Ýöí Úóãóáò ÞóÈöáóåõ ãöäúåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÐõäõæÈñ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÒõáóÝðÇ ãöäó Çááøóíúáö Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö íõÐúåöÈúäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 114] Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉö áóãú ÊóãúÍõåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö (3) ÇáúãõæóÇÒóäóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö æóÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉõ ÊõÍúÈöØõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö áóãú ÊóÈúÞó ÍóÓóäóÉñ ÊõæÒóäõ ãóÚóåóÇ.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/498
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ -¡ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/304 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóäõÞúÕóÇäöåö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/315 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÖóÇÚö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö Úóáóì ÒóæúÌöåóÇ¡ 4/122 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇÓúÊößúãóÇáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/323 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÍõÓúäö ÇáúÎõáõÞö¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 13/133¡ (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/472¡ 527¡ 6/47¡ 99
(3) ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(5/296)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøó ÈóÛöíøðÇ ÓóÞóÊú ßóáúÈðÇ ÝóÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ» (1) áóåóÇ ÈöÓóÞúíöåö (2) .
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇÈúäóÇ ÂÏóãó áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãõÔúÑößðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóãú íóÞúÕöÏö ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÇáØøóíøöÈö ãöäú ãóÇáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÃóËóÑö. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÞóÈøóáö Çááøóåõ ÞõÑúÈóÇäóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó: {æóãóÇ ãóäóÚóåõãú Ãóäú ÊõÞúÈóáó ãöäúåõãú äóÝóÞóÇÊõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÈöÑóÓõæáöåö æóáóÇ íóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõãú ßõÓóÇáóì æóáóÇ íõäúÝöÞõæäó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõãú ßóÇÑöåõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 54] ÝóÌóÚóáó åóÐöåö ãóæóÇäöÚó ÞóÈõæáö ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö Ïõæäó ãõØúáóÞö ÇáÐøõäõæÈö.
ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö (3) : æóãóäú äóÝóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖó æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåö. æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ íõäúÝóì ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÈöäóÝúíö ÈóÚúÖö æóÇÌöÈóÇÊöåóÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóÈúÞó ßóÇãöáóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ÏóáøóÊö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÈúÞóì ÈóÚúÖõåõ¡ æóíóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãóÚóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÝöíåóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ ßóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ Ýöíåö æóÇÌöÈñ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÌøõåõ äóÇÞöÕðÇ¡ íóÃúËóãõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÑóßó¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÚóÇÏóÉó Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú íóÌúÈõÑõåõ ÈöÏóãò¡ ßóÑóãúíö ÇáúÌöãóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌúÈõÑúåõ ÈóÞöíó Ýöí ÐöãøóÊöåö. ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ íóäúÞõÕõ ÈöÇáÐøõäõæÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÇÈó ÚóÇÏó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÈóÞöíó äóÇÞöÕðÇ äóÞúÕðÇ íóÃúËóãõ Èöåö. æóÞóÏú íóÍúÑõãõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö ÃóÝúÚóÇáñ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóåóÇ
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(1) Çááøóåõ: Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/173 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö. . . .) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöíåö: (ÈóíúäóãóÇ ßóáúÈñ íõØöíÝõ ÈöÑóßöíøóÉò ßóÇÏó íóÞúÊõáõåõ ÇáúÚóØóÔõ ÅöÐú ÑóÃóÊúåõ ÈóÛöíøñ ãöäú ÈóÛóÇíóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÝóäóÒóÚóÊú ãõæÞóåóÇ ÝóÓóÞóÊúåõ ÝóÛõÝöÑó áóåóÇ Èöåö) æóÇáúãõæÞõ: ÇáúÎõÝøõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1761 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÓóÇÞöí ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑöãóÉö æóÅöØúÚóÇãöåóÇ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: (Åöäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÈóÛöíøðÇ. . . ÅöáóÎú) " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/507
(3) æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .(5/297)
äóÞóÕó ÍóÌøõåõ æóáóãú íóÈúØõáú¡ ßóÇáÊøóØóíøõÈö æóáõÈúÓö ÇáËøöíóÇÈö¡ Èóáú íóÌúÈõÑõ Ðóáößó æóáóÇ íõÝúÓöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÌöãóÇÚõ.
ÝóßóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÒöíáõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ßõáøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÇáúãóÍúÖõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúÈöØõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ Ïõæäõ Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú íõÍúÈöØõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÂíóÉö Çáúãóäøö æóÇáúÃóÐóì ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íõÈúØöáõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó¡ áóÇ íõÈúØöáõ ÓóÇÆöÑó ÃóÚúãóÇáöåö (1) .
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÑöåõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ßõÝøóÇÑñ¡ æóÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈö¡ ãöËúáõ ÍõÈøö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÎóÔúíóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ßõáøõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö. æóßóÑóÇåóÉõ ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ßõÝúÑñ. æóÃóæúËóÞõ ÚõÑóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúÍõÈøõ Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÇáúÈõÛúÖõ Ýöí Çááøóåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÞóæúãðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö íõæóÇÏøõæäó ãóäú ÍóÇÏøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: 22] .
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö æóÇáúãõÞúÊóÕöÏö æóÇáÙøóÇáöãö áöäóÝúÓöåö: {ÌóäøóÇÊõ ÚóÏúäò íóÏúÎõáõæäóåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 23] áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãõ áöäóÝúÓöåö ÞóÏú ÚõÐøöÈó ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ Ëõãøó íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÇ íóÕúáóÇåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÃóÔúÞóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çááøóíúáö: 15] áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÕøöáöíøö äóæúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúÐöíÈö ; ßóãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÕúáöíåö ÇáäøóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÍöíØõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö áóÇ ÊóÍúÑöÞõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ ãöäúåõãú ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö¡ Ãóæú Êóßõæäõ äóÇÑðÇ ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉð.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 16] ßóÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ åõäóÇ Åöáóì ÂíóÉö 264 ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ (íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ áóÇ ÊõÈúØöáõæÇ ÕóÏóÞóÇÊößõãú ÈöÇáúãóäøö æóÇáúÃóÐóì) ÇáúÂíóÉó.(5/298)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö: " «ÅöäøóåõãóÇ ÂíóÊóÇäö ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ» " (1) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ äõÑúÓöáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÎúæöíÝðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 59] æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáøóÊöí ÎóæøóÝó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ (2) Êóßõæäõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ Ýöí ÔóÑøò íóäúÒöáõ ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÊøóÞóì Çááøóåó ÈöÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö æõÞöíó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÑøó. æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ áóãú íóÎóÝú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑøó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝõ áöáúÌóÇåöáö ÇáúÝóÏúãö (3) ßóãóÇ íóÝúÒóÚõ ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÎóíóÇáö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Ðóáößó íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ íóÇÚöÈóÇÏö ÝóÇÊøóÞõæäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 16] ÝóÎóæøóÝó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÃóãúÑóåõãú ÈöÊóÞúæóÇåõ¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íõäúÒöáó ÇáúãõÎóæøöÝó¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÈöãóÇ íõÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú æõÌöÏóÊö ÇáúãõÎóæøöÝóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÚóÇÞóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ÃõãóãðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÕøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÔõæåöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú ÏõÎõæáö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö ÇáäøóÇÑó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÔóì Çááøóåó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 28] æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóãóÇ íóÊóæóåøóãõåõ ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ áóßóÇäó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÔóÇåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/36 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ÈóÇÈõ íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ ÈöÇáúßõÓõæÝö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 2/628 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúßõÓõæÝö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáäøöÏóÇÁö ÈöÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÓõæÝö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúßõÓõæÝö Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö.
(2) ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÇáúÝóÏúãõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö: ÇáúÚóíöíøõ Úóäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãóÚó ËöÞóáò æóÑóÎóÇæóÉò æóÞöáøóÉö Ýóåúãò.(5/299)
íóÊóÎóíøóáõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ (1) ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ åõäóÇ ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó (2) ÇáøóÊöí ßõáøõåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ.
æóãöËóÇáõ Ðóáößó: ÅöÐóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉõ (3) ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ: ÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ Çááøóåö åöíó ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ æóåöíó ÑöÖóÇåõ (4) . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ: æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáúÚóãóáó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍó¡ æóíóßúÑóåõ ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞó æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÑöíÏðÇ áóåõ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 7] æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÅöÐú íõÈóíøöÊõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÖóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 10] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 205] .
æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÈöÑøö ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈò æóãõÓúÊóÍóÈøò¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ åõæó ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó Çáúãóäúåöíøó Úóäúåõ (5) ßõáøõåõ ãóßúÑõæåñ¡ ßóÑöåóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ. æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ äóæúÚóÇäö: ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÊóÍúÑöíãò¡ æóßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÊóäúÒöíåò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö: {ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÆõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó ãóßúÑõæåðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 38] . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóßúÑóåõ áóßõãú Þöíáó æóÞóÇáó¡ æóßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ æóÅöÖóÇÚóÉó
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(1) ßõáøõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ Èóíúäó ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó¡ í: ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó.
(3) ä: æóÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉõ.
(4) È: åöíó ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ æóÑöÖóÇåõ¡ æó: åöíó ÊóÍóÈøõÈõåõ æóåöíó ÑöÖóÇåõ.
(5) Úóäúåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(5/300)
ÇáúãóÇáö» " (1) æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚõØóÇÓó æóíóßúÑóåõ ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈó» " (2) ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ãóÇ åõæó ãóßúÑõæåñ áöáøóåö¡ [ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÑóÇÏðÇ áöáøóåö] (3) Ýóíóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ áóãú íóÃúãõÑö Çááøóåõ Èöåö Ãóæú íóäúåó Úóäúåõ (4) .
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ áóÇ íõÚúÞóáõ ÃóãúÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÂãöÑö áöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÏøóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂãöÑó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑó Èöåö ØóáóÈðÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉð æóáóÇ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãðÇ áöáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóì ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÝóÓóÇÏõåõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóãóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõãúÊóÍöäö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó áóãú íóßõäú ØóÇáöÈðÇ (5) áöáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÑöíÏðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ Èóáú ÃóÙúåóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑöíÏñ ØóÇáöÈñ.
[æóÞóÇáõæÇ] (6) : ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Èößõãõ ÇáúíõÓúÑó æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Èößõãõ ÇáúÚõÓúÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 185] .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/159 æóáóÝúÙõåõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÑöåó
(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/49 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõØóÇÓö æóãóÇ íõßúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈö æóáóÝúÙõåõ Ýöíåö: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚõØóÇÓó æóíóßúÑóåõ ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóØóÓó ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó¡ ÝóÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò ÓóãöÚóåõ Ãóäú íõÔóãøöÊóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ ÝóáúíóÑõÏøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: åóÇ¡ ÖóÍößó ãöäúåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/50 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóËóÇÁóÈó ÝóáúíóÖóÚú íóÏóåõ Úóáóì Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/180 - 181 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÎóÝúÖö ÇáÕøóæúÊö æóÊóÎúãöíÑö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚõØóÇÓö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/31 - 33 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö¡ 18/151 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/571.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(4) ä¡ ã: Ãóæú äóåóì Úóäúåõ
(5) ã: ØóáóÈðÇ.
(6) æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)(5/301)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíóÌúÚóáó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò æóáóßöäú íõÑöíÏõ áöíõØóåøöÑóßõãú æóáöíõÊöãøó äöÚúãóÊóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÔúßõÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 6] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÈóíøöäó áóßõãú æóíóåúÏöíóßõãú Óõäóäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú æóíóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúßõãú æóÇááøóåõ Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ - æóÇááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúßõãú æóíõÑöíÏõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö Ãóäú ÊóãöíáõæÇ ãóíúáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ - íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íõÎóÝøöÝó Úóäúßõãú æóÎõáöÞó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 26 - 28] .
æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 33] .
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏóÇÊõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÈöåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóØóÇÚó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÚóÕóì¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÑöíÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõãú (1) ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ.
ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõãú: Èóáú ÅöÑóÇÏóÊõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÊóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãóÇ æõÌöÏó Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ãóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Êóãóäøò. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ: {æóíõÖöáøõ Çááøóåõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó æóíóÝúÚóáõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 27] ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÄõåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæú ÔöÆúäóÇ áóÂÊóíúäóÇ ßõáøó äóÝúÓò åõÏóÇåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 13] ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÔóÃú Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóãú íõÑöÏú åõÏóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Èöåö.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú(5/302)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú íõÑöÏö Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóåÏöíóåõ íóÔúÑóÍú ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóäú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íõÖöáøóåõ íóÌúÚóáú ÕóÏúÑóåõ ÖóíøöÞðÇ ÍóÑóÌðÇ ßóÃóäøóãóÇ íóÕøóÚøóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 125] ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÅöÖúáóÇáó¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÔóÑúÍó ÇáÕøóÏúÑö áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÞóÇáó äõæÍñ: {æóáóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú äõÕúÍöí Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóäúÕóÍó áóßõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÛúæöíóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 34] ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÅöÛúæóÇÁó ãóäú Ûóæóì.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Çááøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 16] ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö [ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö] (1) . æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóÇáöÞõåõ.
[ÞóÇáõæÇ] (2) : æóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÍóÈøóåõ æóÑóÖöíóåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 205] Ãóíú: ãöãøóäú áóãú íõÝúÓöÏú¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÏöíäðÇ (3) .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 7] Ãóíú: ãöãøóäú áóãú íóßúÝõÑú¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ (4) ÏöíäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ãöãøóäú áóãú íõÄúãöäú¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÛóíúÑó Ïöíäò.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäóÇÒöÚõæäó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {ÅöÐú íõÈóíøöÊõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÖóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 108] . æóÃõæáóÆößó ãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó¡ æóÐóÇßó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãõÍóÑøóãñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóåõæó æóÇÞöÚñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ (5) . ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäú ÊóßúÝõÑõæÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Ûóäöíøñ Úóäúßõãú æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó}
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(1) ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)
(2) ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)
(3) ä: æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ.
(4) ä: æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ.
(5) È ÝóÞóØú: Ãóäøó(5/303)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 7] : ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æõÞõæÚöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÑúÖóì ßõáøó ãóæúÌõæÏò.
æóÞóæúáõßõãú: áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ ÏöíäðÇ¡ ÝóÇáÑøöÖóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ [áóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò] (1) ãóÍúÐõæÝò¡ æóßóæúäõåõ áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ ÏöíäðÇ ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ ãóÚúäóÇåõ: áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõËöíÈó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäó áóÇ íóÑúÖóæúäóåõ ÏöíäðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÅöÈúáöíÓó íóÑúÖóì ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóíóÎúÊóÇÑõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõåõ Çááøóåõ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ [Çááøóåõ] (2) áöíõÛúæöíó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÐóáößó.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõ: {ÃóÝóÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäóåõ æóÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ãöäú Ïõæäöí æóåõãú áóßõãú ÚóÏõæøñ ÈöÆúÓó áöáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈóÏóáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßóåúÝö: 50] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú ÃóÚúåóÏú Åöáóíúßõãú íóÇÈóäöí ÂÏóãó Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó Åöäøóåõ áóßõãú ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÈöíäñ - æóÃóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæäöí åóÐóÇ ÕöÑóÇØñ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íÓ: 60 - 61] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ãõÊøóÝöÞóÉñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáúÚóãóáó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó æóÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈöíäó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊóØóåøöÑöíäó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöíó æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåóÇ.
æóÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõäóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃóÞúæóì ãöäö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌößõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú (3) : " ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú " ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßõáøõåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉó íóÑúÖóÇåóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó Úóäö ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö æóÇáÙøõáúãö: åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÖóÇåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ.
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(1) áóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)
(2) áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö áóíúÓó Ýöí (ä)
(3) Í¡ È: ÈöÞóæúáö¡ æó: ÈöÞóæúáöåö(5/304)
ÝóÃóäúÊõãú ÎóÇáóÝúÊõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöí Þóæúáößõãú: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö [æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞö] (1) æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ.
ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöäöÚúãóÉò ÇåúÊóÏóæúÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ Èóáú äöÚúãóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö [æóÇáúÚóÞúáö] (2) ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ: {æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÍóÈøóÈó Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÒóíøóäóåõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈößõãú æóßóÑøóåó Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞó æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 7] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóãõäøõæäó Úóáóíúßó Ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ Þõáú áóÇ ÊóãõäøõæÇ Úóáóíøó ÅöÓúáóÇãóßõãú Èóáö Çááøóåõ íóãõäøõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóäú åóÏóÇßõãú áöáúÅöíãóÇäö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 17] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÝóÊóäøóÇ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÈöÈóÚúÖò áöíóÞõæáõæÇ ÃóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÈóíúäöäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 53] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæúáóÇ ÝóÖúáõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúßõãú æóÑóÍúãóÊõåõ ãóÇ ÒóßóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÃóÈóÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 21] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÍõæáõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÑúÁö æóÞóáúÈöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 24] .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÇÌúÚóáúäóÇ ãõÓúáöãóíúäö áóßó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöäóÇ ÃõãøóÉð ãõÓúáöãóÉð áóßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 128] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÇÌúäõÈúäöí æóÈóäöíøó Ãóäú äóÚúÈõÏó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ÑóÈøö Åöäøóåõäøó ÃóÖúáóáúäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 35 - 36] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó ãöäúßõãú Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÞöíãó æóãóÇ ÊóÔóÇÁõæäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóßúæöíÑö: 28 - 29] .
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(1) æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (æ) : ÇáúÝöÓúÞö
(2) æóÇáúÚóÞúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú(5/305)
æóÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÇÊøóÎóÐó Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÒøóãøöáö: 19] .
[æóÞóÇáó] (1) : {æóãóÇ ÊóÔóÇÁõæäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÇäó ÚóáöíãðÇ ÍóßöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 30] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÐóßóÑóåõ - æóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ åõæó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö: 55 - 56] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÞõæáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö: {ÇåúÏöäóÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó - ÕöÑóÇØó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíúåöãú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÛúÖõæÈö Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: 6 - 7] .
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú: åõãõ (2) ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ãóÚó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíäó æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÍóÓõäó ÃõæáóÆößó ÑóÝöíÞðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 69] .
æóÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ ÝóÏóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì [Ãóäøó] ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó (3) ÇáúÍóÇÕöáóÉó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÚóãó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú äöÚúãóÊõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ßóäöÚúãóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö áóßóÇäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÚóãö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøöÑóÇØö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÛúÖõæÈö Úóáóíúåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: 7] ÕöÝóÉñ áóÇ ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁñ (4) ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóÝóÖó " ÛóíúÑö " ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ: Åöäøöí áóÃóãõÑøõ ÈöÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÛóíúÑö
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(1) æóÞóÇáó: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú
(2) åõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È)
(3) ä: ÝóÏóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ ã: ÝóÏóáøó Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉõ
(4) ä¡ ã: ÕöÝóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö(5/306)
ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö. ÝóÇáúãóÛúÖõæÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÇáÖøóÇáøõæäó áóãú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõäúÚóãö Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ¡ Èóáú Èóíøóäó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÛóÇíöÑõæäó áöÃõæáóÆößó¡ ßóãõÛóÇíóÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö áöáúßóÇÐöÈö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú íóåúÏö Çááøóåõ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõåúÊóÏöí æóãóäú íõÖúáöáú Ýóáóäú ÊóÌöÏó áóåõ æóáöíøðÇ ãõÑúÔöÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßóåúÝö: 17] ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú åóÏóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÇåúÊóÏóì¡ æóáóæú åóÏóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ßóãóÇ åóÏóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäó áóÇåúÊóÏóì.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ: {ÑóÈøö ÇÌúÚóáúäöí ãõÞöíãó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÊóÞóÈøóáú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí æóáöæóÇáöÏóíøó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 40 - 41] ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúÚóáõåõ ãõÞöíãó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
[æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð íóåúÏõæäó ÈöÃóãúÑöäóÇ áóãøóÇ ÕóÈóÑõæÇ} ] (1) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 73] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð íóÏúÚõæäó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 41] Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÆöãøóÉó åõÏðì æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÆöãøóÉó ÖóáóÇáò.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈöãóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö áöäúÊó áóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 159] ÝóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó áöíäóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö.
æóÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí åóÏóÇäóÇ áöåóÐóÇ æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ áöäóåúÊóÏöíó áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú åóÏóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 43] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó: {æóãöäú ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú æóÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãú æóÇÌúÊóÈóíúäóÇåõãú æóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò - Ðóáößó åõÏóì Çááøóåö íóåúÏöí Èöåö ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö æóáóæú ÃóÔúÑóßõæÇ áóÍóÈöØó Úóäúåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö:
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.(5/307)
{ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÏóì Çááøóåõ ÝóÈöåõÏóÇåõãõ ÇÞúÊóÏöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 87 - 90] ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ íóÎõÕøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúåõÏóì ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑó: Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÏóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÕøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúåõÏóì ãóäö ÇåúÊóÏóì Èöåö Ïõæäó ãóäú áóãú íóåúÊóÏö Èöåö (1) ¡ æóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúãõåúÊóÏöíäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ åóÏóÇåõãú æóáóãú íóåúÏö ãóäú áóãú íóåúÊóÏö.
æóÇáúåõÏóì íóßõæäõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ. ßóÞóæúáöåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÃóãøóÇ ËóãõæÏõ ÝóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÈøõæÇ ÇáúÚóãóì Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 17] .
æóíóßõæäõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÌóÚóáóåõ (2) ãõåúÊóÏöíðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÇåúÏöäóÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: 7] ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {åõÏðì áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 2] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó åóÏóì ÈöãóÚúäóì Ïóáøó æóÃóÑúÔóÏó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøñ. ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ (3) : ÚóáøóãúÊõåõ ÝóÊóÚóáøóãó¡ æóÚóáøóãúÊõåõ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóãó. æóßóÐóáößó: åóÏóíúÊõåõ ÝóÇåúÊóÏóì¡ æóåóÏóíúÊõåõ ÝóãóÇ ÇåúÊóÏóì¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÎúÊóÕøñ ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ.
æóáóíúÓó ÊóÚúáöíãõåõ æóåõÏóÇåõ ßóÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÚóáøöãó íóÞõæáõ¡ æóÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöãõ íóÊóÚóáøóãõ ÈöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãõÚóáøöãõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö (4) ãóäú Úóáøóãóåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ íõØúáóÈõ ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: {ÇåúÏöäóÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó} æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ðóáößó áöáúÈóÔóÑö (5) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõæäó Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) æó: ãóäú åóÏóì Èöåö Ïõæäó ãóäú áóãú íóåúÏöåö.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÌóÚóáúÊõåõ
(3) ä¡ ã: æóåóÐóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö. .
(4) Í¡ È¡ í: Ýöí ÞóáúÈö
(5) ä¡ ã: áöÈóÔóÑò(5/308)
æóíóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäó Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÝóåøöãóåõ æóíõÚóáøöãóåõ (1) æóíóÔúÑóÍó ÕóÏúÑóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íõÍóÈøöÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáúÚóãóáó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍó¡ æóáóÇ íóØúáõÈõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÝóãóäú ÔóÑóÍó Çááøóåõ ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýóåõæó Úóáóì äõæÑò ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 22] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú íõÑöÏö Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóåÏöíóåõ íóÔúÑóÍú ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóäú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íõÖöáøóåõ íóÌúÚóáú ÕóÏúÑóåõ ÖóíøöÞðÇ ÍóÑóÌðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 125] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÝóåøóãúäóÇåóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 79] ¡ ÝóÎóÕøó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÈöÇáÊøóÝúåöíãö ãóÚó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ÍóÇßöãóíúäö¡ áóãú íóÎõÕøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ÈöÚöáúãò ÙóÇåöÑò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóäóÝúÓò æóãóÇ ÓóæøóÇåóÇ - ÝóÃóáúåóãóåóÇ ÝõÌõæÑóåóÇ æóÊóÞúæóÇåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö: 7 - 8] .
«æóßóÇäóÊú ÃóßúËóÑõ íóãöíäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " áóÇ æóãõÞóáøöÈö ÇáúÞõáõæÈó» " (2) .
æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ãöäú ÞóáúÈò ãöäú ÞõáõæÈö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó Èóíúäó ÅöÕúÈöÚóíúäö ãöäú ÃóÕóÇÈöÚö
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(1) Í¡ È: Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãóåõ æóíõÝóåøöãóåõ
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/128 - 129 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó ßóÇäóÊú íóãöíäõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - 9/118 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõÞóáøöÈö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/48 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøõÐõæÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó íóãöíäõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 7/3¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóáöÝö ÈöãõÕóÑøöÝö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö¡ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö¡ Óõäóäõ ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/676 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ íóãöíäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íóÍúáöÝõ ÈöåóÇ) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/187 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøõÐõæÑö æóÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈöÃóíøö ÃóÓúãóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÍóáóÝúÊó áóÒöãóßó¡ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 2/480 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøõÐõæÑö æóÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 7/17¡ 215(5/309)
ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íõÞöíãóåõ ÃóÞóÇãóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íõÒöíÛóåõ ÃóÒóÇÛóåõ» " (1) .
æó [ÞóÏú] ÞóÇáó [ÊóÚóÇáóì] Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö (2) ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ áóÇ ÊõÒöÛú ÞõáõæÈóäóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú åóÏóíúÊóäóÇ æóåóÈú áóäóÇ ãöäú áóÏõäúßó ÑóÍúãóÉð Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúæóåøóÇÈõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 8] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÏóÎóáúÊó ÌóäøóÊóßó ÞõáúÊó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ áóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßóåúÝö: 39] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó áóÂãóäó ãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßõáøõåõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 99] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó áóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 118] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÊóáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 253] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔöÆúäóÇ áóÂÊóíúäóÇ ßõáøó äóÝúÓò åõÏóÇåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 13] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 112] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 107] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÃóÚúäóÇÞöåöãú ÃóÛúáóÇáðÇ Ýóåöíó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÐúÞóÇäö Ýóåõãú ãõÞúãóÍõæäó - æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóíúÏöíåöãú ÓóÏøðÇ æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåöãú ÓóÏøðÇ ÝóÃóÛúÔóíúäóÇåõãú Ýóåõãú áóÇ íõÈúÕöÑõæäó}
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóæøóÇÓö Èúäö ÓóãúÚóÇäó ÇáúßöáóÇÈöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/72 ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÈóÇÈñ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóÊö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/182 æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌö ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò 1/98 - 99 Ø. ÇáúãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö 1400/1980 æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö.
(2) ä: æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö. .(5/310)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ íÓ: 8 - 9] .
æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ æóÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÇáúãõËúÈöÊóÉõ áöáúÞóÏóÑö ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÝöíóÉö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö äõÕõæÕñ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö äõÕõæÕñ. æóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö íóÊóÃóæøóáõ äõÕõæÕó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÈöÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊò ÝóÇÓöÏóÉò¡ æóíõÖóãøõ Åöáóì ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÊóÌøõ (1) ÈöåóÇ ÃõãõæÑñ áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó [áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó] æóÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÝóÂãóäõæÇ (2) ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßõáøöåö¡ æóáóãú íõÍóÑøöÝõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ: " ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú " æóäóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò æóÑóÈøõåõ æóãóáöíßõåõ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ Óöæóì Çááøóåö ãóÎúáõæÞñ áóåõ (3) ¡ ÍóÇÏöËñ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÔóÇÄõåõ æóíóÎúáõÞõåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóãúäóÚó Çááøóåó ÚóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ æóíõßóæøöäóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ÇáúÞóåøóÇÑó {ãóÇ íóÝúÊóÍö Çááøóåõ áöáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉò ÝóáóÇ ãõãúÓößó áóåóÇ æóãóÇ íõãúÓößú ÝóáóÇ ãõÑúÓöáó áóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö [æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ]] (4) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 2] .
æóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóíóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞö æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäö¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ æóíóßúÑóåõ ãóÇ äóåóì Úóäúåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí ÇÍúÊóÌøó.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÂãóäõæÇ.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áóåõ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .(5/311)
æóíõÓúÎöØõåõ¡ æóåõæó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó Èöåö æóÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõæåõ¡ ÃóÑóÇÏó åõæó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ áóåõãú æóíõÚöíäóåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú ÅöÚóÇäóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áöãóäú ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÝóÖúáñ ãöäúåõ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøöÚóãö¡ æóåõæó íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöåö ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ.
æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ÛóáöØõæÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Ãóäøóåõãú [áóãú] (1) íõãóíøöÒõæÇ Èóíúäó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö áöãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊõåõ áöãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ: {ÃóáóÇ áóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 54] ¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ ÝóÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö ÎóáóÞóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ ÝóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóãú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ [Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó] (2) ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Úöáúãõåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÓóíóÎúáõÞõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó íõØóÇÈöÞõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó (3) ÈöÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúÝóÚõåõãú¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÖõÑøõåõãú. æóÇáúÍóÓóäóÇÊõ ãóÍúÈõæÈóÉñ áöáøóåö ãóÑúÖöíøóÉñ (4) æóÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊõ ãóßúÑõæåóÉñ áóåõ íóÓúÎóØõåóÇ æóíóÓúÎóØõ Úóáóì ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóÅöÈúáöíÓó¡ æóåõæó íõÍöÈøõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóÇáäøóÇÑó¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö æóÇáäøõæÑó¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáÙøöáøó æóÇáúÍóÑõæÑó¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúãóæúÊó æóÇáúÍóíóÇÉó¡ æó [ÎóáóÞó] ÇáÐøóßóÑó æóÇáúÃõäúËóì¡ æó [ÎóáóÞó] ÇáúÃóÚúãóì (5) æóÇáúÈóÕöíÑó.
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(1) áóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ.
(4) Í¡ È: ãóÍúÈõæÈóÉñ ãóÑúÖöíøóÉñ áöáøóåö.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÇáÐøóßóÑó æóÇáúÃõäúËóì æóÇáúÃóÚúãóì. .(5/312)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÇÑö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö åõãõ ÇáúÝóÇÆöÒõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 20] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ÇáúÃóÚúãóì æóÇáúÈóÕöíÑõ - æóáóÇ ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊõ æóáóÇ ÇáäøõæÑõ - æóáóÇ ÇáÙøöáøõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍóÑõæÑõ - æóãóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇÊõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 19 - 22] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÝóäóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ßóÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó - ãóÇ áóßõãú ßóíúÝó ÊóÍúßõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóáóãö: 35 - 36] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóãú äóÌúÚóáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ßóÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóãú äóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó ßóÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Õ: 28] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóãú ÍóÓöÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÌúÊóÑóÍõæÇ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö Ãóäú äóÌúÚóáóåõãú ßóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÓóæóÇÁð ãóÍúíóÇåõãú æóãóãóÇÊõåõãú ÓóÇÁó ãóÇ íóÍúßõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇËöíóÉö: 21] .
æóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö æóÇáúÎóÈóÇÆöËó¡ æóáóíúÓó (1) ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊõ ßóÇáúÎóÈóÇÆöËö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÝóæóÇßöåõ æóÇáúÍõÈõæÈõ ßóÇáúÈóæúáö æóÇáúÚóÐöÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - Åöáóíúåö íóÕúÚóÏõ Çáúßóáöãõ ÇáØøóíøöÈõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ íóÑúÝóÚõåõ¡ æóåõæó ØóíøöÈñ áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ØóíøöÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó äóÙöíÝñ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáäøóÙóÇÝóÉó¡ æóÌóãöíáñ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáó¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ íóÕúÚóÏõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ [ØóíøöÈðÇ] (2) ãóÍúÈõæÈðÇ áóåõ ãóÑúÖöíøðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓúßöäõ Ýöí ÌóäøóÊöåö ãóäú íõäóÇÓöÈõåóÇ æóíóÕúáõÍõ áóåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÇÑõ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ØöÈúÊõãú ÝóÇÏúÎõáõæåóÇ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 73] .
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: æóáóíúÓóÊö.
(2) ØóíøöÈðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.(5/313)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÈóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó¡ æóÞóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóäúØóÑóÉò Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóíóÞúÊóÕøõ áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú (1) ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò ãóÙóÇáöãó ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ åõÐøöÈõæÇ æóäõÞøõæÇ ÃõÐöäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö æóÇáÊøóäúÞöíóÉö (2) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ØöÈúÊõãú ÝóÇÏúÎõáõæåóÇ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 73] .
æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ: {ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑò æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇåúÈöØú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÊóßóÈøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú Åöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÛöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 12 - 13] ¡ ÝóÈóíøóäó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ãóäú íóÊóßóÈøóÑó.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ßöÈúÑò¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò " (3) ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ËóæúÈõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóäóÚúáõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ (4) ÃóÝóãöäó ÇáúßöÈúÑö ÐóÇßó¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ. Åöäøó Çááøóåó Ìóãöíáñ íõÍöÈøõ
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(1) Í¡ È: áöÈóÚúÖò¡ ã: ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/128 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö æóÇáúÛóÕóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÞöÕóÇÕö ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö. æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÕó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÍõÈöÓõæÇ ÈöÞóäúØóÑóÉò Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóíóÊóÞóÇÕøõæäó ãóÙóÇáöãó ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ äõÞøõæÇ æóåõÐøöÈõæÇ ÃõÐöäó áóåõãú ÈöÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓõ ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöíóÏöåö áóÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÈöãóÓúßóäöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÃóÏóáøõ ÈöãóäúÒöáöåö ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/111 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/13¡ 57¡ 63¡ 74.
(3) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 205
(4) ËóæúÈõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóäóÚúáõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: äóÚúáõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóËóæúÈõåõ ÍóÓóäðÇ.(5/314)
ÇáúÌóãóÇáó. ÇáúßöÈúÑõ ÈóØóÑõ ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÛóãúØõ ÇáäøóÇÓö» " (1) æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «Ìóãöíáñ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáó» " Ãóíú: íõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóÊóÌóãøóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ áóåõ æóíóÊóÒóíøóäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÎõÐõæÇ ÒöíäóÊóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóÓúÌöÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 31] .
æóåõæó íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ áóåõ ÚõÑúíóÇäðÇ¡ Èóáú íóßúÑóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - Ãóäú ÊõÕóáøöíó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ áóåõ ãóßúÔõæÝóÉó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ Çááøóåõ ÕóáóÇÉó ÍóÇÆöÖò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎöãóÇÑò» " (2) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ [áóãøóÇ] (3) ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó íóØõæÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑóÇÉð¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁö ÃóÊóÞõæáõæäó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 28] .
ÝóÊóÍúÓöíäõ ÇáäøóÚúáö æóÇáËøóæúÈö áöÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö åõæó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÌóãøõáö ÇáøóÐöí íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóæú ÊóÒóíøóäó [Èöåö] (4) áöãóÚúÕöíóÉò (5) áóãú íõÍöÈøó Ðóáößó. æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáøóÐöí äóæøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÞóáúÈóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö íóÙúåóÑõ äõæÑõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö¡ æóíõßúÓóì ãóÍóÈøóÉð æóãóåóÇÈóÉð¡ æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõ
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(1) ÌóãóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ÞöØúÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÝóÞóØú¡ åöíó: (áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ßöÈúÑò) æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/161.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: (áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎöãóÇÑò) Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -¡ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/234 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎöãóÇÑò) . æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ "¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: " áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ Çááøóåõ ÕóáóÇÉó ÍóÇÆöÖò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎöãóÇÑò " Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/213 - 214 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÇÖóÊö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ áóãú ÊõÕóáøö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎöãóÇÑò. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 6/218¡ 259
(3) áóãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí (æ) : æóáóæú ÊóÌóãøóáó Èöåö.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: áöãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö¡ È: áöãóÚúÕöíóÉò áóåõ.(5/315)
ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÓóäóÉð ãõÔúÊóåóÇÉð¡ ßóÔóåúæóÉö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö áöáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö áöáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ Ãóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ãõÔúÊóåóÇÉð¡ ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÕõæóÑößõãú æóáóÇ ÃóãúæóÇáößõãú¡ æóáóßöäú íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÞõáõæÈößõãú æóÃóÚúãóÇáößõãú» " (1) ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: æóáóÇ Åöáóì áöÈóÇÓößõãú.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÅöÐóÇ ÊõÊúáóì Úóáóíúåöãú ÂíóÇÊõäóÇ ÈóíøöäóÇÊò ÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Ãóíøõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÎóíúÑñ ãóÞóÇãðÇ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ äóÏöíøðÇ - æóßóãú ÃóåúáóßúäóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõãú ãöäú ÞóÑúäò åõãú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÃóËóÇËðÇ æóÑöÆúíðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 73 - 74] ¡ æóÇáúÃóËóÇËõ: ÇááøöÈóÇÓõ æóÇáúãóÇáõ. æóÇáÑøöÆúíõ: ÇáúãóäúÙóÑõ æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ.
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -[Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó] (2) : {æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊóåõãú ÊõÚúÌöÈõßó ÃóÌúÓóÇãõåõãú æóÅöäú íóÞõæáõæÇ ÊóÓúãóÚú áöÞóæúáöåöãú ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÎõÔõÈñ ãõÓóäøóÏóÉñ íóÍúÓóÈõæäó ßõáøó ÕóíúÍóÉò Úóáóíúåöãú åõãõ ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ ÝóÇÍúÐóÑúåõãú ÞóÇÊóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóì íõÄúÝóßõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó: 4] ¡ ÝóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó áóåõãú ÃóÌúÓóÇãðÇ æóãóäóÇÙöÑó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÃõÈóíøò ÌóÓöíãðÇ¡ ÝóÕöíÍðÇ¡ ØóáúÞó (3) ÇááøöÓóÇäö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: æóÕóÝóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö æóÅöÈóÇäóÉö ÇáúãóäúØöÞö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÈóÇäó Ãóäøóåõãú Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝóåúãö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÎõÔõÈö ÇáúãõÓóäøóÏóÉö ÇáúãõãóÇáóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌöÏóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÃóÔúÌóÇÑò ÊõËúãöÑõ (4) ¡ [Èóáú åöíó ÎõÔõÈñ ãõÓóäøóÏóÉñ Åöáóì
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/1987 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö Ùõáúãö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö) Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1388¡ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóäóÇÚóÉö¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/277 ÑóÞúãõ 7814 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/539
(2) Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) æ: ÐáÞ
(4) ã: ãõËúãöÑóÉò¡ æ: æóËóãóÑò.(5/316)
ÍóÇÆöØò] (1) ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÇÈóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌõÈúäö ÝóÞóÇáó: {íóÍúÓóÈõæäó ßõáøó ÕóíúÍóÉò Úóáóíúåöãú åõãõ ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ ÝóÇÍúÐóÑúåõãú ÞóÇÊóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóì íõÄúÝóßõæäó} Ãóíú: áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõæäó ÕóæúÊðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÃõÊõæÇ¡ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÑøõÚúÈö Ãóäú íóßúÔöÝó Çááøóåõ ÃóÓúÑóÇÑóåõãú.
ÝóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÌóãöíáóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáøóÊöí íõÈúÛöÖõåóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÈúÛöÖõåõ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ áöÌóãóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÞóáúÈöåö æóÚóãóáöåö.
æóíõæÓõÝõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÌúãóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «Ãóäøóåõ ÃõÚúØöíó ÔóØúÑó ÇáúÍõÓúäö» " (2) ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ ßóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóíóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóãõæÓóì¡ æóÚöíÓóì¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏò¡ - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - æóíõæÓõÝõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕõæÑóÊõåõ ÃóÌúãóáó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöíãóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäöåö æóÚóãóáöåö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÃõæÐõæÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÇÏõæåõãú ãõÚóÇÏöíäó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÕóÈúÑõåõãú ÕóÈúÑðÇ Úóáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏö Çááøóåö æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ 1/145 - 147 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöíõæÓõÝó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÃõÚúØöíó ÔóØúÑó ÇáúÍõÓúäö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÃõÚúØöíó íõæÓõÝõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÔóØúÑó ÇáúÍõÓúäö. Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/286 ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 2/570 æóÞóÇáó: íõæÓõÝõ æóÃõãøõåõ ÔóØúÑõ ÇáúÍõÓúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ. æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö 3/470 æóÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò.(5/317)
æóØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÞóÕóÕö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóíõæÓõÝõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÅöäøóãóÇ ÂÐóÇåõ ÅöÎúæóÊõåõ áöÊóÞúÑöíÈö ÃóÈöíåö áóåõ¡ ÍóÓóÏðÇ Úóáóì ÍóÙøò ãöäú ÍõÙõæÙö ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì Ïöíäò. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÈúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÇæóÏóÊúåõ¡ æóÍóÈúÓö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÈóÓõæåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÃóÝúÖóáó áóåõ ãöäú ÕóÈúÑöåö Úóáóì ÃóÐóì ÅöÎúæóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÕóÈúÑñ Úóáóì ÊóÞúæóì Çááøóåö ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÝúÚóáó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó¡ æóÐóáößó ÕóÈúÑñ Úóáóì ÃóÐóì ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÕóÈúÑö ÇáúãõÕóÇÈö Úóáóì ãõÕöíÈóÊöåö¡ æóÐóÇßó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÕóÈúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÃúãõÑõæäóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí¡ æóíóÏúÚõæäóåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÝóíóÕúÈöÑõ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÚóäú ãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö¡ æóíóÛúáöÈõ åóæóÇåõ æóÔóåúæóÊóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÕóÈúÑõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóäóÈöíøöäóÇ - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú - Úóáóì ÃóÐóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóÚóÏóÇæóÊöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ (1) ßõáøöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÊóÑúßö ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóßóãóÇ Ãóäøó [Êöáúßó] (2) ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÈúÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÚóáóì ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ÃóåúáöåóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ßóÇäõæÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó ÞóÊúáó ãóäú íõÄúãöäõ æóÅöåúáóÇßóåõ Èößõáøö ØóÑöíÞò¡ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö íõæÓõÝó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÈúÊõáöíó ÈöÇáúÍóÈúÓö (3) ¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÊõÍöÈøõåõ Ýóáóãú ÊõÚóÇÞöÈúåõ ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {äóÍúäõ äóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúßó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 3] ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕõ ãóÕúÏóÑó ÞóÕøó íóÞõÕøõ ÞóÕóÕðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ãóÝúÚõæáðÇ: Ãóíú ÃóÍúÓóäó
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ðóáößó.
(2) Êöáúßó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä: ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäö.(5/318)
ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÕö¡ ÝóÐóÇßó áóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÞöÕøóÉö íõæÓõÝó¡ Èóáú ÞöÕøóÉõ ãõæÓóì ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåóÇ ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ [ßóÑøóÑó] (1) ÐößúÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÈóÓúØóåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ æóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÕóÕó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 25] æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 3] æóÞóÏú ÞõÑöÆó: {ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕö} ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÞöÕøóÉö íõæÓõÝó¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÞóÕøóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãóÞúÕõæÕò¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÕøóåõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÞóÕóÕò.
æóÞóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó Ìóãöíáñ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáó» " ÞóÇáóåõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áöáÓøóÇÆöáö Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóãóÇ íóßúÑóåõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ßöÈúÑò¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãóäú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãöËúÞóÇáõ ÐóÑøóÉò ãöäú ÅöíãóÇäò» " (2) . æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÈúÑó ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáö ÊóÍúÊó ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ æóãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÖöÏøöåö¡ ÝóÎóÇÝó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ íóÊóÌóãøóáõ Èöåö (3) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÌúãóáõ Èöåö ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÈúÑö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ËóæúÈöí ÍóÓóäðÇ [æóäóÚúáöí ÍóÓóäðÇ] (4) ¡ ÃóÝóãöäó ÇáúßöÈúÑö ÐóÇßó¿
æóÍõÓúäõ ËóæúÈöåö æóäóÚúáöåö åõæó ãöãøóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÈöÝöÚúáöåö æóÞóÕúÏöåö¡ áóíúÓó åõæó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ßóÓúÈöåö ßóÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó Ìóãöíáñ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáó» " ÝóÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúßöÈúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóãúÞõÊõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÌóãóÇáö
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(1) ßóÑøóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) ÃóßúËóÑó.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 314
(3) ä: ãóÇ íóÊóÍóáøóì Èöåö.
(4) æóäóÚúáöí ÍóÓóäðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/319)
ÇáøóÐöí íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÔóÎúÕò¡ æóÃóßúÈóÑó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö: ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÌöÓúãöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÞõæøóÊöåö¡ æó [ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí] ÚóÞúáöåö (1) ¡ æóÐóßóÇÆöåö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãõÈúÛóÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ãõÊóßóÈøöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö ÇáøóÐöí íóãúÞõÊõåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÅöÈúáöíÓó: {ÝóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÊóßóÈøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 13] .
ßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÍóÓóäó Çááøóæúäö ãõÚúÊóÏöáó ÇáúÞóÇãóÉö Ìóãöíáó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú Úóãóáöåö ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íõÐóãøõ¡ Ãóæú íõËóÇÈõ (2) Ãóæú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ (3) æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ [Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÓúæóÏó Ãóæú ÞóÕöíÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú ØóæöíáðÇ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íõÐóãøõ¡ æóíõËóÇÈõ Ãóæú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ (4) ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ] (5) ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ ÝóÖúáó áöÚóÑóÈöíøò Úóáóì ÚóÌóãöíøò¡ æóáóÇ áöÚóÌóãöíøò Úóáóì ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóáóÇ áöÃóÈúíóÖó Úóáóì ÃóÓúæóÏó¡ æóáóÇ áöÃóÓúæóÏó Úóáóì ÃóÈúíóÖó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÞúæóì» " (6) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ [áóãøóÇ] (7) ßóÇäó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó áóåõãú ÌóãóÇáñ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö] æóáóíúÓó Ýöí
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(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í: æóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ.
(4) í¡ æ¡ Ñ: æóíõÐóãøõ æóíõËóÇÈõ æóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/606
(7) áóãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/320)
ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÅöíãóÇäñ¡ ÔóÈøóåóåõãõ Çááøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - ÈöÇáúÎõÔõÈö ÇáúãõÓóäøóÏóÉö ÇáúíóÇÈöÓóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõËúãöÑõ¡ ÝóÇáúÎóÔóÈóÉõ [ÇáúíóÇÈöÓóÉõ] ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú [áóÇ ËóãóÑó ÝöíåóÇ] áóÇ ÊõãúÏóÍõ (1) æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÙöíãóÉð¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÞóáúÈö (2) ¡ äóÚóãú ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ ÚóæúäðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ [ßóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÞõæøóÉõ] æóÇáúãóÇáõ (3) æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóíõÍúãóÏõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó ÈöåóÇ (4) Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÚóÝøó Úóäú ãóÚóÇÕöíåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýöíåö ÇáúÌóãóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÃóÓúæóÏó¡ æóÝóÚóáó ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóãóÇáö ßóÇäó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúÌóãóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÐößúÑõ ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ Çááøóåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõËóÇÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ Úóáóíúåö æóíóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó Èóíúä ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ íõÑöíÏõ ßõáøó ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÈóÛöíÖñ Åöáóíúåö ãóßúÑõæåñ áóåõ ; íõÑöíÏõåõ áöÃóäøóåõ æóÓöíáóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãóÍúÈõæÈñ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúãóÑöíÖõ ÊóäóÇæõáó (5) ÇáÏøóæóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöí íóßúÑóåõåõ æóíóÊóÃóáøóãõ ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÓöíáóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉö¡ æóÅöáóì ÒóæóÇáö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÈúÛóÖõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÂáóÇãö (6) .
æÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú ÊõÝóÑøöÞú Èóíúäó ãóÇ íóÔóÇÄõåõ æóãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäó áöáøóåö ãóÍóÈøóÉð áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÉö Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÝóÑóÍðÇ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈö. æóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐóÇ: ÇáúÌóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÏöÑúåóãò¡ ÝóÖóÍøóì Èöåö ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ
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(3) ä¡ ã: æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ æóÇáúãóÇáõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÛóáó ÈöåóÇ.
(5) æ: ÈöÊóäóÇæõáöåö.
(6) Í¡ È: ãöäó ÇáúÃóáóãö.(5/321)
ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö [ÇáúÞóÓúÑöíøõ] (1) æóÞóÇáó: " ÖóÍøõæÇ ÊóÞóÈøóáó Çááøóåõ ÖóÍóÇíóÇßõãú ÝóÅöäøöí (2) ãõÖóÍøò ÈöÇáúÌóÚúÏö Èúäö ÏöÑúåóãò¡ Åöäøóåõ ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõßóáøöãú ãõæÓóì ÊóßúáöíãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ (3) ¡ ÊóÚóÇáóì Çááøóåõ ÚóãøóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÌóÚúÏõ [Èúäõ ÏöÑúåóãò] (4) ÚõáõæøðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ " Ëõãøó äóÒóáó [Úóäö ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö] (5) ÝóÐóÈóÍóåõ (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáúÎõáøóÉõ ãöäú ÊóæóÇÈöÚö ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöåö: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ æóáóÇ íõÍóÈøõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú áöáúÎõáøóÉö ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÚúäðì (7) ¡ æóÇáÑøõÓõáõ - ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÉö (8) æóíóÑúÖóÇåóÇ (9) ¡ æóíóÓúÎóØõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóíóãúÞõÊõåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÊõÑúÖöíåö [ÊóÇÑóÉð] (10) æóÊõÓúÎöØõåõ ÃõÎúÑóì.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÎóØó Çááøóåó æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 28] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {áóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐú íõÈóÇíöÚõæäóßó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÝóÚóáöãó ãóÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 18] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÓóÝõæäóÇ ÇäúÊóÞóãúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 55] . Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÃóÛúÖóÈõæäóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó: ÇáúÃóÓóÝõ ÇáúÛóÖóÈõ¡ [íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÓöÝúÊõ
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(2) ä: íóÞúÈóáõ Çááøóåõ ÖóÍóÇíóÇßõãú ÝóÅöäøöí¡ æ: ÊóÞóÈøóáó Çááøóåõ ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäøöí.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ: áóãú íóÊøóÎöÐú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõßóáøöãú ãõæÓóì ÊóßúáöíãðÇ.
(4) Èúäõ ÏöÑúåóãò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (æ) .
(5) Úóäö ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóÚúÏö Èúäö ÏöÑúåóãò æóÚóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/309
(7) ä: áöáúÎõáøóÉö áóåõ ãóÚúäðì.
(8) æ: æóíóÑúÖóì ÈöåóÇ.
(9) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö.
(10) ÊóÇÑóÉð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/322)
ÃóÓóÝðÇ¡ Ãóíú: ÛóÖöÈúÊõ] (1) .
æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÞúÊõáú ãõÄúãöäðÇ ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóÌóÒóÇÄõåõ Ìóåóäøóãõ ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÛóÖöÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÚóäóåõ æóÃóÚóÏøó áóåõ ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 93] .
æó [ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (2) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóáøóåõ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÝóÑóÍðÇ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÚóÈúÏöåö ãöäú ÑóÌõáò ÃóÖóáøó ÑóÇÍöáóÊóåõ ÈöÃóÑúÖò ÏóæöíøóÉò (3) ãõåúáößóÉò ÚóáóíúåóÇ ØóÚóÇãõåõ æóÔóÑóÇÈõåõ¡ ÝóØóáóÈóåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (4) ÊóÍúÊó ÔóÌóÑóÉò íóäúÊóÙöÑõ ÇáúãóæúÊó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÈöÏóÇÈøóÊöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ØóÚóÇãõåõ æóÔóÑóÇÈõåõ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÝóÑóÍðÇ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÚóÈúÏöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÈöÑóÇÍöáóÊöåö» " (5) .
æóÇáúÝóÑóÍõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö¡ æóÇáúãõÐúäöÈõ ßóÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÂÈöÞö ãöäú ãóæúáóÇåõ ÇáúÝóÇÑøö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó Ýóåõæó ßóÇáúÚóÇÆöÏö Åöáóì ãóæúáóÇåõ æóÅöáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóËóáõ (6) ÇáøóÐöí ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÈóíøöäõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÝóÑóÍöåö ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóãöäú ßóÑóÇåóÊöåö áöãóÚóÇÕöíåö¡ ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö ÈöÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÂÈöÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÚóáóíúåóÇ ØóÚóÇãõåõ æóÔóÑóÇÈõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãõåúáößóÉö (7) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÇ Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáöíãñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃóÐøöí¡ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÝóÞúÏö ÇáØøóÚóÇãö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÈö æóÇáúãóÑúßóÈö¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ãóÝóÇÒóÉð áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÎóáóÇÕõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ØóáóÈóåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏúåóÇ íóÆöÓó æóÇØúãóÃóäøó Åöáóì ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÝóæóÌóÏóåóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑóÍö ãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Úóäúåõ ÈöæõÌõæÏò (8) ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: ÏóÇæöíóÉò.
(4) È: ÝóäóÇãó¡ ã: ÝóãóÇáó.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/430
(6) æ: áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóËóáó.
(7) æ: æóÔóÑóÇÈõåõ Ýöí ÇáúåóáóßóÉö.
(8) æ: ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö.(5/323)
æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÞúÏö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöí áöÐóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö áöáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö áöáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóãöäú ßóÑóÇåóÊöåö áöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ íóÑõÏøõ Úóáóì ãõäúßöÑöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÊóÌúÚóáõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ÓóæóÇÁð. [Ëõãøó] (1) ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: åõæó íóÞúÕöÏõ äóÝúÚó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áößóæúäö Ðóáößó ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáÙøõáúãó áößóæúäöåö ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ æÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ÍóÓóäñ æóÔóíúÁñ ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÃõãõæÑò ÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉò áöáúÚöÈóÇÏö.
ÝóÇáúÍõÓúäõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãóÇ íõáóÇÆöãõåõ æóãóÇ ÊóÑóÊøóÈó (2) Úóáóíúåö ËóæóÇÈñ íõáóÇÆöãõåõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÈöíÍõ (3) ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ æóãöäú åõäóÇ ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÓóæóÇÁð¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - íõÍöÈøõ æóíóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÍõÕõæáö ãóÍúÈõæÈöåö - ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ - ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú ÍößúãóÊõåõ¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó áöÍößúãóÉò. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉó ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ÓóæóÇÁð¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó áöÍößúãóÉò¡ [æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÝúÚóáõ áöÍößúãóÉò] (4) ÊóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö. ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõãõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ: [Êöáúßó ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ] (5) íóÚõæÏõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäúåóÇ Íõßúãñ (6) Ãóæú áóÇ íóÚõæÏõ¿ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ (7) ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÕøóáúÊõãõæåõ (8) . æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÇáúÍóÓóäó Úóáóì
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(1) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) È: æóãóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ.
(3) æ: æóÇáúÞõÈúÍõ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) Êöáúßó ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) æ: ÍößúãóÉñ.
(7) ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ.
(8) æ: ÃóÕøóáõæåõ.(5/324)
ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö (1) Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãóÚúäðì íóÚõæÏõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö íõäóÇÓöÈõåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó äóÝúíõ Ðóáößó ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó áöÍößúãóÉò.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóæúäõåõ ãóÍúÈõæÈðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö åõæó (2) ÃóÕúáõ Ïöíäö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßõáøóåõãú ÏóÚóæúÇ Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóÇáúÅöáóåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú íõÚúÈóÏó¡ æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÚúÙöíãò æóãóÍóÈøóÉò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóãóäú Úóãöáó áöÛóíúÑöåö áöÚöæóÖò (3) íõÚúØöíåö ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íõÍöÈøõåõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇÈöÏðÇ [áóåõ] (4) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÍõÈøðÇ áöáøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 165] ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÝõæäó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ æóíõÍóÈøõ ÂÎöÑõ ÃóãúÑöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ (5) áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÝóÑúÞñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö Èóíúäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÆöåö æóÈóíúäó ÃóÚúÏóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö æóãóÇ äóåóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÈõíõæÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÍóÇäóÇÊö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÔøöÑúßö.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Úóáóãñ Úóáóì áóÐøóÉò ÊóÍúÕõáõ áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóãñ Úóáóì Ãóáóãò íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ (7) ãöäó ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó
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(1) æ¡ ã: ÇáúÞõÈúÍó.
(2) Í¡ È: æóåõæó.
(3) Í: áöÚóÑóÖò.
(4) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ " ÂÎöÑõ ÃóãúÑöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í: íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö " ãöäú (æ) .
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó.(5/325)
íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÇáúßóãóÇáó Ýöí ÝóäóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Úóäú ÍõÙõæÙöåö¡ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõæäó Ýöíåö: (1) ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõ ÍóÓóäóÉð æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍõ ÓóíøöÆóÉð. æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó (2) åóÐóÇ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúÚöÑúÝóÇäö¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóÃóÚúÏóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö (3) æóÇáúßõÝúÑö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÍóãúÏöåö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÓóÈøöåö æóÔóÊúãöåö¡ æóÌóÚúáöåö ËóÇáöËó ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÈóíúäó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò (4) ¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ãõæÓóì æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó.
æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö (5) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ Ëóãøó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÍóÙøñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ÕóÇÑõæÇ ãõÓóÎøóÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ãõÓúÊóËúÞöáöíäó áóåóÇ (6) ¡ æóÝöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑúÊóÚñ áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞóÚõ áóåõãú: áöãó áóÇ íõäúÚöãõ ÈöÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÈöÏõæäö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö (7) ¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóáóÐøõ (8) ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ (9) ãöäú ÃóÈúÑóÏö ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö æóÃóÓúãóÌöåóÇ (10) .
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(1) æ: ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö íóÞõæáõæäó¡ Í¡ È¡ ã: ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó Ýöíåö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: æóíóÌúÚóáõ.
(3) ä¡ æ: æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æ: æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò.
(5) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì åóÐóÇ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ãõÓúÊóÞöáøöíäó áóåóÇ.
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÇáÊøóßóáøõÝö.
(8) Í: ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(9) ÈóÚúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö " ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ " ÊõæÌóÏõ æóÑóÞóÉñ äóÇÞöÕóÉñ Ýöí ãõÕóæøóÑóÉò (ã) æóÓóÃõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÈöÏóÇíóÉö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö ÝöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(10) æóÃóÓúãóÌöåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .(5/326)
ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ [ÅöäøóãóÇ] (1) íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇÙöÑöíäó (2) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÝóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏó ÅöáøóÇ [æóåõæó] (3) ãõÞöÑøñ ÈöÝóÖúáöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ÈöØóáóÈö ÇáúÃóáóÐøö ãöäú ÔóÞóÇæóÉö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóáúÞõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöáóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóáóÐøö ÃóÌúæóÏó áóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö áóÐøóÇÊò ÚóÙöíãóÉò¡ Åöáóì ÃóãúËóÇáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÌöÆóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöíãóÇäõåõãú ÈöÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ ÇÓúÊóÑúÓóáóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáúÎóáúÞö. ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú æóÌóÏó ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóÚöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáðÇ æóÃóÔúÎóÇÕðÇ¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáðÇ æóÃóÔúÎóÇÕðÇ¡ æóíóÑúÖóì Úóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóíóÛúÖóÈõ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóíóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈöíäó¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö (4) ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö íóÔúåóÏõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ.
æóãóäú áóãú íóÞõáú ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌúÚóáö Çááøóåó ãóÚúÈõæÏðÇ ãóÍúÈõæÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ (5) Ãóäú áóÇ ÑóÈøó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ áóãú íóÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ (6) ¡ æóÇáÑøõÓõáõ - Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ÈõÚöËõæÇ ÈöÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáúÃõáõæåöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäõ ÊóæúÍöíÏó ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö.
[æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö] (7) ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó íõÞöÑøõæäó (8) ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó (9) æóÍúÏóåõ (10) ÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäúåõãú [Ýöí
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(1) ÅöäøóãóÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÙöÑöíäö.
(3) æóåõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ä: ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö.
(5) ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÔóåöÏó.
(6) æ: ÅöáøóÇ åõæó.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(8) Í¡ Ñ: íõÄúãöäõæäó.
(9) ä: ÈöÇááøóåö.
(10) æóÍúÏóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .(5/327)
ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö] (1) .
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÆöäú ÓóÃóáúÊóåõãú ãóäú ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó áóíóÞõæáõäøó Çááøóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 38] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõãú ãõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 106] . æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÏøóÚõæäó ãóÍóÈøóÉó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö¡ æóíõÚóÙøöãõæäó ÃóãúÑó ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÍöÈøõæäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ÈöÇáúÛöäóÇÁö æóÇáÏøõÝõæÝö æóÇáÔøóÈøóÇÈóÇÊö¡ æóíóÑóæúäóåõ ÞõÑúÈóÉð ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú íõÍóÑøößõ ãóÍóÈøóÉó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍõÞøöÞó ÃóãúÑõåõãú æõÌöÏóÊú ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõãú ÊõÔúÈöåõ ãóÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó áóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏöíäó ÈöãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáúãõÌóÇåóÏóÉö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæäöí íõÍúÈöÈúßõãõ Çááøóåõ æóíóÛúÝöÑú áóßõãú ÐõäõæÈóßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 31] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú Åöäú ßóÇäó ÂÈóÇÄõßõãú æóÃóÈúäóÇÄõßõãú æóÅöÎúæóÇäõßõãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌõßõãú æóÚóÔöíÑóÊõßõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáñ ÇÞúÊóÑóÝúÊõãõæåóÇ æóÊöÌóÇÑóÉñ ÊóÎúÔóæúäó ßóÓóÇÏóåóÇ æóãóÓóÇßöäõ ÊóÑúÖóæúäóåóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÌöåóÇÏò Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö ÝóÊóÑóÈøóÕõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó Çááøóåõ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 24] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóäú íóÑúÊóÏøó ãöäúßõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåö ÝóÓóæúÝó íóÃúÊöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÞóæúãò íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ÃóÐöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] .
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íõÍóÞøöÞõæäó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú ßóËöíÑñ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/328)
ãöäúåõãú - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú - íóßúÑóåõæäó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú íõÚóÇæöäõæäó (1) ÃóÚúÏóÇÁóåõ¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ ; áöÃóäøó ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõãú ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó (2) ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóáóÇÊõåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÅöáøóÇ ãõßóÇÁð æóÊóÕúÏöíóÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 35] .
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó ÓóãóÇÚó ÇáúÞóÕóÇÆöÏö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó ÓóãóÇÚó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóíóÌúÊóåöÏõæäó (3) Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö ãóÔóÇíöÎöåöãú¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö Èöåöãú ÚöäúÏó ÞõÈõæÑöåöãú¡ æóÝöí ÍóíóÇÊöåöãú Ýöí ãóÛöíÈöåöãú¡ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íóÌúÊóåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö [æóÇáúÈõíõæÊö] (4) .
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøöÑúßö áóíúÓó ãóäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÎúáöÕöíäó áöáøóåö Ïöíäóåõãú¡ ßóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó [áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò] (5) ¡ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÏóÎóáõæÇ Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóÇäö ÎóÇÑöÌóÊóÇäö Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
ÝóäóÝúÓõ ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö ÃóÕúáñ áöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÔøöÑúßõ Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇßö Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó Ýöíåöãú ÔóÈóåñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö (6) ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú ßöÈúÑñ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ßöÈúÑö ÇáúíóåõæÏö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíåöãú ÔóÈóåñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÝöíåöãú ÔöÑúßñ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÔöÑúßö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÖóÇáøõæäó áóåõãú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ æóÑóÍúãóÉñ æóÑóåúÈóÇäöíøóÉñ áóßöäú ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì [: {íóÇÃóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÇ ÊóÛúáõæÇ Ýöí Ïöíäößõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó}
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(1) ä: íõÚóÇÞöÈõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä: æóãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó.
(4) æóÇáúÈõíõæÊö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(6) Í¡ È: ÔóÈóåñ ÈöÇáúíóåõæÏö.(5/329)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 171] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì] (1) : {íóÇÃóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÇ ÊóÛúáõæÇ Ýöí Ïöíäößõãú ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÃóåúæóÇÁó Þóæúãò ÞóÏú ÖóáøõæÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóÃóÖóáøõæÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóÖóáøõæÇ Úóäú ÓóæóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 77] Ãóíú: æóÓóØó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóåöíó ÇáÓøóÈöíáõ ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÝöíåóÇ: {æóÚóáóì Çááøóåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÍúáö: 9] ¡ æóåöíó ÇáÕøöÑóÇØõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÊóÞóÏøõãö ÖóáóÇáöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÕöÝóÉó ÖóáóÇáöåöãú.
æóÇáúÃóåúæóÇÁõ åöíó ÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö (2) ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõåõ äóÝúÓõåõ ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ Ýóåõæó ãõÊøóÈöÚñ åóæóÇåõ¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö åõæó [ÇáúÚöáúãõ] (3) ÇáøóÐöí [ÌóÇÁóÊú] (4) Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÌöíÈõæÇ áóßó ÝóÇÚúáóãú ÃóäøóãóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú æóãóäú ÃóÖóáøõ ãöãøóäó ÇÊøóÈóÚó åóæóÇåõ ÈöÛóíúÑö åõÏðì ãöäó Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 50] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóäú ÊóÑúÖóì Úóäúßó ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóáóÇ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÊóÊøóÈöÚó ãöáøóÊóåõãú Þõáú Åöäøó åõÏóì Çááøóåö åõæó ÇáúåõÏóì æóáóÆöäö ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊó ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóßó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ áóßó ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú æóáöíøò æóáóÇ äóÕöíÑò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 120] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú ÚóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóßó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 48] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßó Úóáóì ÔóÑöíÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚúåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇËöíóÉö: 18] .
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä: ÇáäøõÝõæÓõ
(3) ÇáúÚöáúãõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (æ) .
(4) ÌóÇÁóÊú ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/330)
[ÇáÊÚáíÞ Úáì ßáÇã ÈÚÖ ÇáÕæÝíÉ ÇáÐí íÊÖãä ÇáÇÊÍÇÏ æÇáÍáæá ææÍÏÉ ÇáæÌæÏ]
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÔóÇíöÎõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõæäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö íõæÕõæäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ÈöãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ; áöÃóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÓóáóßõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö ãõÌóÑøóÏó (1) ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊöåóÇ æóåóæóÇåóÇ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÚúÊöÕóÇãò ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ÝóÖóáøõæÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó ÖóáóÇáðÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÖóáóÇáó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö - æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ äõÌóíúÏò (2) -: " ßõáøõ æóÌúÏò áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ "¡ æóÞóÇáó Óóåúáñ (3) : " ßõáøõ Úóãóáò ÈöáóÇ ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁò Ýóåõæó ÚóíúÔõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóßõáøõ Úóãóáò ÈöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁò Ýóåõæó ÚóÐóÇÈñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúÓö ". æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ (4) : " ãöäú ÃóãøóÑó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÞóæúáðÇ æóÝöÚúáðÇ äóØóÞó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ ì¡ È: ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ äõÌóíúÏò¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ (È) Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö äõÓúÎóÉò ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝöíåóÇ: ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ äóÌúÏò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ äõÌöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íõæÓõÝó ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Õ 454: ÌóÏøöí áöÃõãøöí¡ áóÞöíó ÇáúÌõäóíúÏó æóßóÇäó ÃóßúÈóÑó ãóÔóÇíöÎö æóÞúÊöåö¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 366 åÜ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/171¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö¡ Õ 454 - 457¡ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì 1/103 ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 3/222 - 224 ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóãó 7/84 - 85¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 3/50
(3) ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò Óóåúáõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö íõæäõÓó ÇáÊøõÓúÊóÑöíøõ¡ ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 200 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 283¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Õ 206 - 211¡ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì 1/66 - 68¡ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö 4/46 - 48¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/182 - 184¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/210¡ æóÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/85 (æóÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ Óóåúáò ÇáÊøõÓúÊóÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/83 - 85)
(4) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÍöíÑöíøõ ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ æóÃóÕúáõåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóíøö¡ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ÈöäóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó æóÈöåóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 298 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Õ 170 - 175¡ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö 4/85 - 88¡ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì 1/74 - 75¡ æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 2/111 - 112 ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó 9/99 - 102 ÇáúãõäúÊóÙóãö 6/106 - 108¡ ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/109 - 111 æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/111(5/331)
ÈöÇáúÍößúãóÉö¡ æóãóäú ÃóãøóÑó Çáúåóæóì Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö [ÞóæúáðÇ æóÝöÚúáðÇ] (1) äóØóÞó ÈöÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö ; áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ {æóÅöäú ÊõØöíÚõæåõ ÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 54] ". æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: " ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÃóÍóÏñ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ áößöÈúÑò Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ".
æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áöáúÃóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ßóÇäó íóÚúãóáõ ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áöåóæóÇåõ ÈöÛóíúÑö åõÏðì ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÚóíúÔõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßöÈúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉñ (2) ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: {áóäú äõÄúãöäó ÍóÊøóì äõÄúÊóì ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ÑõÓõáõ Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 124] .
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÕöáõ ÈöÑöíóÇÖóÊöåö æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÊóÕúÝöíóÉö äóÝúÓöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ æóÕóáóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚò áöØóÑöíÞöåöãú (3) ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ØóæóÇÆöÝõ íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ÕóÇÑõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäøó Çáúæóáöíøó (4) ÇáøóÐöí íóÙõäøõæäó åõãú Ãóäøóåõ Çáúæóáöíøõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÝöíåöãú (5) ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó æóÇáÑøõÓõáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ æóíóÏøóÚöí Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ æóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ
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(1) ÞóæúáðÇ æóÝöÚúáðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä: ÔöíÚóÉñ.
(3) Í¡ È¡ í¡ Ñ: áöØóÑöíÞóÊöåöãú.
(4) Í¡ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁó.
(5) ä¡ æ: æóãöäúåõãú.(5/332)
ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏó æóÇÌöÈñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÕóÇäöÚñ ãõÈóÇíöäñ áóåõ. áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ: åõæó Çááøóåõ (1) ¡ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑó ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ áóßöäú ßóÇäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ÃóÚúÑóÝó ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõËúÈöÊðÇ áöáÕøóÇäöÚö. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÙóäøõæÇ (2) Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó åõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäú ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏöíøóÉö (3) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÐößúÑõ ãóäú ÚóÏóáó Úóäö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÔóÑóÚóåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊò ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÐóæúÞöåö æóæóÌúÏöåö æóãóÍóÈøóÊöåö æóåóæóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÕóÇÑõæÇ Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäó ÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ [ãóäú ÌöäúÓö ÖóáóÇáö] (4) ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì. ÝóÝöíåöãú ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÅöÓúÞóÇØó æóÓóÇØóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúæõÕõæáó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞöåöãú¡ æóíóÏøóÚöí ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏó æóÇáúÍõáõæáó ÇáúÎóÇÕøó: ÅöãøóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöØóÇÆöÝóÊöåö ÇáúæóÇÕöáöíäó (5) ¡ Åöáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÈöÒóÚúãöåö (6) .
æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãóæúÕõæÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÛõáõæøö æóßóÐóáößó åóÄõáóÇÁö
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí ÑöÓóÇáóÉö " Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò Ýöí ÏóÚúæóì ÅöíãóÇäö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó " Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö " 1/203 - 210 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊöí åõäóÇßó.
(2) æ: íóÙõäøõæäó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú " ÌóÇãöÚó ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö " 1/164 - 167
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) ä: ÇáúæóÇÕöáóÉö.
(6) ÈöÒóÚúãöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .(5/333)
ãõÈúÊóÏóÚóÉõ ÇáúÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáúÛõáõæøõ Ýöíåöãú æóÝöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí åóÐóíúäö ÇáÕøöäúÝóíúäö ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÅöãøóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÅöãøóÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö [ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó] (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö (2) áöÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú Èóäöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíå ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇáöíóÉö: ÅöãøóÇ áöáöÇËúäóì ÚóÔóÑö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáäøõÕóíúÑöíøóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÌöäúÓö ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÚóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíäó Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö [æóÇáÊøóÃóáøõåö] (3) æóÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö¡ ãöäúåõãú ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö íóÏøóÚõæäó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó¡ æóÏóÚúæóì ãóÇ åõæó ÝóæúÞó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝðÇ íõÌóæøöÒõ æõÌõæÏó äóÈöíøò ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ßóÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö Ýöí ÇáÒøóäúÏóÞóÉö (4) ¡ æóÇÈúäö ÓóÈúÚöíäó (5) ¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÕóÇÑõæÇ
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(1) ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) æ: ßóãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Õ [0 - 9] 0
(3) æóÇáÊøóÃóáøõåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (æ) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ÔöåóÇÈõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝõÊõæÍö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÃõãóíúÑóßó ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøõ¡ ÇáúãóæúáõæÏõ ÈöÓõåúÑóæóÑúÏó ÓóäóÉó 549¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÈöÍóáóÈó ÓóäóÉó 587 åÜ¡ æóÚõÑöÝó ÈöÝóáúÓóÝóÊöåö ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞöíøóÉö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÂÑóÇÆöåö: æóÝóíóÇÊó ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 5/312 - 318 áöÓóÇäó ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 3/156 - 158¡ ÇáäøõÌõæãó ÇáÒøóÇåöÑóÉó 6/114 - 115¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 9/169 - 170 æóÇäúÙõÑú: ßöÊóÇÈó: " ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞöíøóÉö " ÊóÃúáöíÝõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ãõÍóãøóÏú Úóáöí ÃóÈöí ÑóíøóÇäó (Ø. ÇáúÃóäúÌõáõæ) ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1959¡ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÊøöÐúßóÇÑöíøó áöáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑóì ÇáúãöÆóæöíøóÉö ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉö áöæóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÃóÔúÑóÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãú ãóÏúßõæÑú¡ äóÔúÑõ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áöáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1394/1974
(5) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö 1/366(5/334)
íóØúáõÈõæäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó (1) ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ÃóÞóÑøó ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÊóÛúíöíÑöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ ÎõÊöãóÊú¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó áóãú ÊõÎúÊóãú. æóíóÏøóÚöí ãöäó (2) ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõæäó ãöäúåóÇ.
æóãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÍõáõæáö æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö¡ æóåõãú Ýöí (3) ÇáúÍõáõæáö æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö äóæúÚóÇäö (4) : äóæúÚñ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÍõáõæáö æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö: Åöäøó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò:
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " 5/22 æóÕóÇÑó ßõáøñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÏøóÚöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó¡ Ãóæú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÝúÕöÍó ÈöÐóáößó áóæúáóÇ ÇáÓøóíúÝõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ÃóãõæÊõ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó áöí: Þõãú ÝóÃóäúÐöÑú. æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó íóÞõæáõ: áóÞóÏú ÒóÑøóÈó ÇÈúäõ ÂãöäóÉó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÊóÍóÑøóì ÛóÇÑó ÍöÑóÇÁó áöíóäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÍúíõ. æóÚóáøóÞúÊõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÈöÞóæúáöí: " íóÞõæáõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ãõÍóãøóÏ Úóáöí ÃóÈõæ ÑóíøóÇäó Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÊöåö áößöÊóÇÈö " åóíóÇßöáö ÇáäøõæÑö " áöáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö Õ 11 Ø. ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1377/1957 Åöäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÍóáóÈó ÓóÃóáõæÇ ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøó ÃóËúäóÇÁó ãõäóÇÞóÔóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÍóáóÈó: åóáú íóÞúÏöÑõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó äóÈöíøðÇ ÂÎóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò¿ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöÃóäú: " áóÇ ÍóÏøó áöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö ". æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóÝóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÊóÇÒóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÉö " ÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó æóÍóßöíãõ ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞö "¡ Õ 296 ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøöÐúßóÇÑöíøö áöÔöåóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö Ø. ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1394/1974 æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí " ÈõÏøö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö " íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÑõÊúÈóÉñ ãóãúäõæÚóÉñ æóáóÇ ØóãóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ØóÈúÚö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ãóæú Ýöí ØóÈúÚö ÌöäúÓöåö Ãóäú ÊõæÌóÏó áóåõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÈóÔóÑñ "¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÌöÚóíúäö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóíúäö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÃóÈõæ ÑóíøóÇäó Ýöí: ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞöíøóÉö¡ Õ 304 - 312 ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ßöÊóÇÈö ÍößúãóÉö ÇáúÅöÔúÑóÇÞö áöáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö Õ 11 - 12 " Ø ÈóÇÑöíÓó "¡ 1952 ãóÌúãõæÚóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö áöáÓøõåúÑóæóÑúÏöíøö¡ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóáúæöíÍóÇÊö¡ Õ 95 - 113 Ø. ÇÓúÊóÇäúÈõæáó¡ 1945
(2) æ: Ýöí
(3) æ: æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áöáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõæäó ãöäúåóÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöæóÍúÏóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóåõãú Ýöí.
(4) æ: ÃóäúæóÇÚñ.(5/335)
ãóÞóÇãõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÈóÑúÒóÎò ... ÝõæóíúÞó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÏõæäó Çáúæóáöíøö (1)
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò Ýöí " ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö " (2) : " æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöáøóÇ áöÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (3) ¡ æóãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö (4) ¡ [ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ áóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ -[ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ] (5) - ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö] (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó - ÃóÚúäöí ÑöÓóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö æóäõÈõæøóÊóåõ (7) - ÊóäúÞóØöÚóÇäö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÝóáóÇ ÊóäúÞóØöÚõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ (8) . ÝóÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó¡ ãöäú ßóæúäöåöãú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó¡ áóÇ íóÑóæúäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö (9) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöãóäú (10) Ïõæäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¿ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó
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(1) áóãú ÃóÚúËõÑú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóáóßöäú æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈóíúÊðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö áóØóÇÆöÝö ÇáúÃóÓúÑóÇÑö áöÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÃóÍúãóÏú Òóßöí ÚóØöíøóÉú æóØå ÚóÈúÏ ÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÓõÑõæÑ¡ ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÝößúÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö¡ 1380/1960 Õ 49 æóäóÕøõåõ: ÓóãóÇÁõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÈóÑúÒóÎò Ïõæóíúäó Çáúæóáöíøö æóÝóæúÞó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÝöí ÇáúÝõÊõæÍóÇÊö ÇáúãóßøöíøóÉö 2/252 íóÞõæáõ: Èóíúäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÈóÑúÒóÎñ Ýöíåö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ ÍõßúãõåóÇ áóÇ íõÌúåóáõ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÝõÊõæÍóÇÊö 2/52 - 53
(2) Ýöí ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍößóãö 1/62
(3) ÝõÕõæÕõ ÇáúÍößóãö: ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÑøõÓõáö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö.
(4) ÝõÕõæÕõ ÇáúÍößóãö: æóáóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãöÔúßóÇÉö Çáúæóáöíøö ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö.
(5) ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ Ýöí (æ) ¡ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí " ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍößóãö " ãóÊóì ÑóÃóæúåõ.
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(7) ÝõÕõæÕõ ÇáúÍößóãö: ÃóÚúäöí äõÈõæøóÉó ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö æóÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ.
(8) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ áóÇ ÊóäúÞóØöÚõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
(9) ä: ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(10) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ãóäú.(5/336)
ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÊóÇÈöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö áöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö¡ ÝóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÇ ÐóåóÈúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú æóÌúåò íóßõæäõ ÃóäúÒóáó¡ æóãöäú æóÌúåò (1) íóßõæäõ ÃóÚúáóì ".
ÞóÇáó (2) : " æóáóãøóÇ ãóËøóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó] (3) ÈöÇáúÍóÇÆöØö ãöäó ÇááøóÈöäö¡ ÝóÑóÂåóÇ ÞóÏú ßóãõáóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ãóæúÖöÚó áóÈöäóÉò (4) ¡ ÝóßóÇäó åõæó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóæúÖöÚó ÇááøóÈöäóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÎóÇÊóãõ (5) ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ¡ ÝóíóÑóì ãóÇ ãóËøóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (6) ¡ æóíóÑóì äóÝúÓóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö ãóæúÖöÚó áóÈöäóÊóíúäö¡ æóíóÑóì äóÝúÓóåõ (7) ÊóäúØóÈöÚõ [Ýöí] (8) ãóæúÖöÚó [Êóíúäößó] (9) ÇááøóÈöäóÊóíúäö¡ Ýóíóßúãõáõ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØõ (10) ¡ æóÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áößóæúäöåö ÑóÂåóÇ áöÈöäúÊóíúäö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÆöØó áóÈöäóÉñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò
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(1) ä¡ æ: ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú æóÌúåò.
(2) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÈöÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò 1/63
(3) ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ãöäó ÇááøóÈöäö æóÞóÏú ßóãõáó Óöæóì ãóæúÖöÚö áóÈöäóÉò.
(5) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ÝóßóÇäó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Êöáúßó ÇááøóÈöäóÉó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ íóÑóÇåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóÈöäóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÎóÇÊóãõ.
(6) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ÝóíóÑóì ãóÇ ãóËøóáóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
(7) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: æóíóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö ãóæúÖöÚó áöÈöäóÊóíúäö¡ æóÇááøóÈöäõ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò æóÝöÖøóÉò¡ ÝóíóÑóì ÇááøóÈöäóÊóíúäö ÇááøóÊóíúäö ÊóäúÞõÕõ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØó ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÊóßúãõáõ ÈöåöãóÇ¡ áóÈöäóÉó ÐóåóÈò æóáóÈöäóÉó ÝöÖøóÉò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÑóì äóÝúÓóåõ.
(8) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(9) Êóíúäößó: Ýöí (æ) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
(10) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ÇááøóÈöäóÊóíúäö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Êóíúäößó ÇááøóÈöäóÊóíúäö¡ Ýóíóßúãõáõ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØõ.(5/337)
æóáóÈöäóÉñ ãöäú ÝöÖøóÉò¡ æóÇááøóÈöäóÉõ ÇáúÝöÖøóÉõ åöíó ÙóÇåöÑõåõ (1) æóãóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõåõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ÂÎöÐñ Úóäö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáÓøöÑøö ãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö (2) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö ãõÊøóÈöÚñ Ýöíåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÑóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ åóßóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇááøóÈöäóÉö ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÏöäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäúåõ Çáúãõáúßõ ÇáøóÐöí íõæÍóì [Èöåö] (3) Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ".
ÞóÇáó (4) : ÝóÅöäú ÝóåöãúÊó ãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö (5) ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó áóßó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáäøóÇÝöÚõ (6) ".
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáÑøóÏøó Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ ßóÔúÝó ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÖøóáóÇáö æóÇáúÎóíóÇáö¡ æóÇáäøöÝóÇÞö æóÇáÒøóäúÏóÞóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãñ ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö [ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö] (7) ¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ ãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÔóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö æóíõÑúãóÒõ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ Èöåö. Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõÚóÙøöãðÇ áöáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö [Ùóäøó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó] (8) ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóãú íóÈõÍú Èöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑõ Ãóäú íóÈõæÍõæÇ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó
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(1) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: áóÈöäóÊóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÔóÑúÚö ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇááøóÈöäóÉö ÇáúÝöÖøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõåõ.
(2) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ÈöÇáÕøõæÑóÉö.
(3) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Ýöí ÝõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍõßúãö 1/63 ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(5) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Èöåö.
(6) ÇáúÝõÕõæÕö: ÇáäøóÇÝöÚõ Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò.
(7) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(8) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.(5/338)
ÛóíúÑó ãõÚóÙøöãò áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÏøóì ÍóÏøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóáóÇáõ ÍóÏóËó ÞóÏöíãðÇ ãöäú ÌõåøóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõæäó¡ ßóÇáúÌõäóíúÏö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò: ÓóíøöÏö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö (1) - ÞóÏøóÓó Çááøóåõ ÑóæúÍóåõ - (2) áóãøóÇ ÓõÆöáó Úóäö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÞóÇáó: " ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ ÇáúÍõÏõæËö Úóäö ÇáúÞöÏóãö " (3) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ¡ æóÑóÃóì ÃóÞúæóÇãðÇ íóäúÊóåöí Èöåöãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãóíøöÒõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúãõÍúÏóËö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóíúÖðÇ [ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ] (4) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõãóíøóÒõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõãóíøóÒõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú áóãú íóÝúåóãú ßóáóÇãóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøõ Ýöí " ØóÈóÞóÇÊö
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(1) ÓóíøöÏö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .
(2) Í¡ È: ÓöÑøóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúÎóÒøóÇÑõ¡ ÃóÕúáõ ÃóÈöíåö ãöäú äóåóÇæóäúÏó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÈöíÚõ ÇáÒøõÌóÇÌó¡ æóáöÐóáößó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÇáúÞóæóÇÑöíÑöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÓõãøöíó ÈöÓóíøöÏö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö áöÖóÈúØö ãóÐúåóÈöåö ÈöÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÓóäóÉó 279 æóÞöíáó 298 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Õ 155 - 163¡ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì 1/72 - 74¡ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö 2/235 - 240¡ æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 1/323 - 325¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/228 - 230¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö 2/260 - 265¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 2/137 - 138.
(3) ÃóæúÑóÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉó æóäóÓóÈóåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/24 - 25 æóÞóÇáó: ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ ÇáúÞöÏóãö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏóËö.
(4) ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãóäú (ä) .(5/339)
ÇáäøõÓøóÇßö " (1) æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö¡ æóãöäú ÔõíõæÎö (2) ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Çáúãóßøöíøö¡ [ßóÇäó] (3) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÒøõåøóÇÏö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúãõÍúÏóËö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö æóÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö¡ ÈöåöãóÇ íóÒõæáõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóáóÇáö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÖøõáøóÇáõ ãöäúåõãú íóÐõãøõæäó ÇáúÌõäóíúÏó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ " ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáúÃóÓúÑóì " (4) ãóÖúãõæäõåõ ÍóÏöíËõ äóÝúÓò æóæóÓóÇæöÓõ (5) ÔóíúØóÇäò ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÌóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãöÚúÑóÇÌðÇ ßóãöÚúÑóÇÌö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö (6) ¡ æóÃóÎóÐó íóÚöíÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö æóÚóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ æóÚóÇÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö Þóæúáóåõ: " ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ ÇáúÍõÏõæËö Úóäö ÇáúÞöÏóãö " æóÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: íóÇ ÌõäóíúÏõ¡ ãóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóíúÆóíúäö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÅöãøóÇ
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(1) ä: ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 246¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáäøõæÑöíøö¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 341¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÓóÒúßöíäõ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ " ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáäøõÓøóÇßö "¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÇÏó ãöäúåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí " ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/165¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö¡ Õ 427 - 430¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/354 - 355¡ ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö 10/375 - 376¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 1/308 - 309¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 1/199 ÓóÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 155 - 156.
(2) ä: æóãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö.
(3) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò Ööãúäó ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÑóÓóÇÆöáö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö¡ Ø ÍöíÏóÑú ÂÈóÇÏó ÇáÏøößöäú 1367/1948
(5) æ: æóæóÓúæóÓóÉõ.
(6) ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇ Åöáóì ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúÃóÓúÑóì æóÇäúÙõÑú Þóæúáóåõ Õ 9 - 10 " ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ¡ æóÓöÑøõ æõÌõæÏöí ãõÊóåóÌøöÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ¡ ÌóÇÁóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ áöíóåúÏöíóäöí ÓóæóÇÁó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóãóÚó ÈõÑóÇÞö ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ Úóáóíúåö áöÈóÏõ ÇáúÝóæúÒö æóáöÌóÇãõ ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ ÝóßóÔóÝó Úóäú ÓóÞúÝö ãóÍóáøöí¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Ýöí äóÞúÖöí æóÍóáøöí¡ æóÔóÞøó ÕóÏúÑöí ÈöÓößøöíäö ÇáÓøóßöíäóÉö¡ æóÃóÓúÑóì Èöí ãóäú ÍóÑóãö ÇáúÃóßúæóÇäö¡ Åöáóì ÞõÏõÓö ÇáúÌöäóÇäö¡ ÝóÑóÈóØúÊõ ÇáúÈõÑóÇÞó ÈöÍóáóÞóÉö ÈóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃõÊöíÊõ ÈöÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÇááøóÈóäö¡ ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ãöíÑóÇËó ÊóãóÇãö ÇááøóÈóäö¡ æóÊóÑóßúÊõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ ÍóÐöÑðÇ Ãóäú ÃóßúÔöÝó ÇáÓøöÑøó ÈöÇáÓøõßúÑö.(5/340)
ÞóÏöíãñ Ãóæú ãõÍúÏóËñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊõãóíøöÒõ¿ " (1) .
æóåóÐóÇ Ìóåúáñ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõãóíøöÒó Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóíúÆóíúäö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ åóÐóÇ¡ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØöåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ËóÇáöËðÇ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò íõãóíøöÒõ Èóíúäó äóÝúÓöåö æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö æóáóíúÓó åõæó ËóÇáöËðÇ¡ æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íõãóíøöÒõ äóÝúÓóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõäóÇßó ËóÇáöËñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Ðóãøóåõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó¡ æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ ÍóÊøóì ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÙøöãöíäó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÈóÇØöäðÇ æóÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÇáúãõÍöÈøöíäó áöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáÐøóÇÈøöíäó ÚóäúåóÇ - æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÛóáóØðÇ áóÇ ÊóÚóãøõÏðÇ¡ æóåõãú íóÍúÓóÈõæäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ äöåóÇíóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö. ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó "
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ æóíóÈúÏõæ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÂÎóÑó áöÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóæóÌóÏúÊõ äóÕøðÇ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÊøóÌóáøöíóÇÊö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö "¡ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò äóÔóÑóåõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÚõËúãóÇäú íóÍúíóì Ööãúäó ãóÞóÇáöåö " äõÕõæÕñ ÊóÇÑöíÎöíøóÉñ ÎóÇÕøóÉñ ÈöäóÙóÑöíøóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝóßøõÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö " æóåõæó ãóÞóÇáñ Ýöí " ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøöÐúßóÇÑöíøö: ãõÍúíöí ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑóì ÇáúãöÆóæöíøóÉö ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉö áöãöíáóÇÏöåö " äóÔúÑõ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áöáÊøóÃúáöíÝö æóÇáäøóÔúÑö. 1389/1969 æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýöí Õ 264 æóåõæó: " ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÌóáøöí ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ ßóíúÝó ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö: íóÊóãóíøóÒõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÈøö¿ æóÃóíúäó Êóßõæäõ ÃóäúÊó ÚöäúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö¿ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Ýöí ÈóíúäõæäóÉò ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁó æóÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇãóíúäö¡ ãóÚó ÊóÌóÑøõÏößó ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÑóÇåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÎóÌöáó æóÃóØúÑóÞó "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Åöáóì Õ 268(5/341)
ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö æóÓõäøóÊöåö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö æóÏöíäöåö (1) .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó " ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÍóÓóäóÉð äóÇÝöÚóÉð¡ æóÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÈóÇØöáóÉð. æóáóßöäú åõæó Ýöíåö íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó (2) : " ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö: ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÔóåöÏó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 18] ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ: ÊóäúÒöíåõ Çááøóåö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏóËö (3) .
ÞóÇáó (4) : æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóØóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÈöãóÇ äóØóÞõæÇ Èöåö¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõæäó (5) Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Åöáóíúåö (6) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö áöÞóÕúÏö ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÇáò Ãóæú ãóÞóÇãò Ýóßõáøõåõ ãóÕúÍõæÈõ ÇáúÚöáóáö ".
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(1) ÕóÇÍöÈõ ßöÊóÇÈö " ãóäóÇÒöáõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó "¡ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ¡ ßóÇäó íõÏúÚóì ÔóíúÎó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãó Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈöåóÑóÇÉó æóíõÓóãøóì ÎóØöíÈó ÇáúÚóÌóãö áöÊóÈóÍøõÑö Úöáúãöåö æóÝóÕóÇÍóÊöåö æóäõÈúáöåö¡ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 481. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö 2/247 - 248¡ ÇáÐøóíúáö áöÇÈúäö ÑóÌóÈò 1/50 - 68¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 4/267¡ ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö 3/1183 - 1190¡ ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 6/133 - 134. æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö "¡ ÊóÃúáöíÝõ ÏßÊæÑ ãõÍóãøóÏú ÓóÚöíÏú ÚóÈúÏ ÇáúãóÌöíÏú ÓóÚöíÏú ÇáúÃóÝúÛóÇäöíøö (Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóÉö) ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1388/1968
(2) Õ 110 - 113 (Ø. ÇáúãóÚúåóÏö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøö ÇáúÝóÑóäúÓöíøö) ¡ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ó. Ïí áæÌíå¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1962
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ¡ ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇáúÍõÏõæËö.
(4) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(5) ä: æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõæäó.
(6) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: ÈöãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Åöáóíúåö.(5/342)
ÞóÇáó (1) : " æóÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò: (2) : ÇáúÃóæøóáõ (3) : ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöÍøõ ÈöÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí (4) : ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö. æóÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÊóæúÍöíÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúÞöÏóãö¡ æóåõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóåõæó ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ [æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ] (5) ¡ ÇáúÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóáöÏú¡ æóáóãú íõæáóÏú¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ßõÝõæðÇ ÃóÍóÏñ. åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÌóáöíøõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí äóÝóì ÇáÔøöÑúßó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó¡ æóÚóáóíúåö äõÕöÈóÊö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉõ¡ æóÈöåö æóÌóÈóÊö ÇáÐøöãøóÉõ¡ æóÈöåö ÍõÞöäóÊö ÇáÏøöãóÇÁõ æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ¡ æóÇäúÝóÕóáóÊú ÏóÇÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú ÏóÇÑö ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóÕóÍøóÊú Èöåö ÇáúãöáøóÉõ áöáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞõæãõæÇ ÈöÍõÓúäö (6) ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÓóáöãõæÇ (7) ãöäó ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö æóÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóÇáÑøöíÈóÉö¡ ÈöÕöÏúÞö ÔóåóÇÏóÉò ÕóÍøóÍóåóÇ ÞóÈõæáõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö.
åóÐóÇ (8) ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöÍøõ ÈöÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö¡ æóÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏõ åöíó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ¡ æóÇáÕøóäóÇÆöÚõ ÊóÌöÈõ (9) ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóÊõæÌóÏõ (10) ÈöÊóÈúÕöíÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÊóäúãõæ (11) Úóáóì ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö (12) ÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö ".
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(2) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: æõÌõæåò.
(3) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ.
(4) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: æóÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ " Ýöí (æ) ¡ ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó ÝóÞóØú.
(6) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó Õ 111: ÈöÍóÞøö.
(7) ÓóáöãõæÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ¡ ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: íóÓúáóãõæÇ.
(8) åóÐóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ¡ " ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó "¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóåóÐóÇ.
(9) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: íóÌöÈõ.
(10) ä: æóÊóæúÍöíÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ Í¡ í: æóÊõÄúÎóÐõ¡ ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: æóíõæÌóÏõ.
(11) ä¡ æ: ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: æóíóäúãõæ.
(12) æ: ãóÔóÇåöÏö.(5/343)
ÞóÇáó (1) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáøóÐöí íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö Ýóåõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö. æóåõæó ÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøõÚõæÏõ Úóäú (2) ãõäóÇÒóÚóÇÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö (3) ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö ÈöÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÔúåóÏó (4) Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóßøõáö ÓóÈóÈðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÌóÇÉö (5) æóÓöíáóÉð (6) ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ (7) ãõÔóÇåöÏðÇ ÓóÈóÞó (8) ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÈöÍõßúãöåö æóÚöáúãöåö¡ æóæóÖúÚöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãóæóÇÖöÚóåóÇ¡ æóÊóÚúáöíÞöåö (9) ÅöíøóÇåóÇ ÈöÃóÍóÇíöíäöåóÇ¡ æóÅöÎúÝóÇÆöåö (10) ÅöíøóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÑõÓõæãöåóÇ (11) ¡ æóíõÍóÞøöÞõ (12) ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáúÚöáóáö¡ æóíóÓúáõßõ (13) ÓóÈöíáó ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúÍóÏóËö (14) . åóÐóÇ ÊóæúÍöíÏõ (15) ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöÍøõ ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö¡ æóíóÕúÝõæ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóíóÌúÐöÈõ Åöáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ". ÞóÇáó (16) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýóåõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏñ ÇÎúÊóÕøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð Õ 111
(2) Í: ãöäú.
(3) æ: ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
(4) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó ÊóÔúåóÏó.
(5) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: áöáäøóÌóÇÉö.
(6) ÚöäúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " æóÓöíáóÉð " ÊóÚõæÏõ äõÓúÎóÉõ (ã) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö.
(7) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: ÝóÊóßõæäõ.
(8) ä: íóÓúÈöÞõ¡ ã: áöÓóÈúÞö.
(9) ä¡ ã: æóÊóÚúáöíÞöåóÇ.
(10) È (ÝóÞóØú) : æóÅöÎúÝóÇÆöåö.
(11) æ: ÔõÆõæäöåóÇ.
(12) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó¡ Ñ¡ Í¡ í æóÊõÍóÞøöÞõ.
(13) ä¡ ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó æóÊóÓúáõßõ.
(14) ã¡ È: ÇáúÍõÏõæËö.
(15) Í¡ È: åóÐóÇ åõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏõ.
(16) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð¡ Õ 112(5/344)
æóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóåõ ÈöÞóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÃóáóÇÍó ãöäúåõ áóÇÆöÍðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÕóÝúæóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÓóåõãú Úóäú äóÚúÊöåö¡ æóÃóÚúÌóÒóåõãú Úóäú ÈóËøöåö. æóÇáøóÐöí íõÔóÇÑõ [Èöåö] (1) Åöáóíúåö Úóáóì ÃóáúÓõäö ÇáúãõÔöíÑöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÍóÏóËö (2) ¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÞöÏóãö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóãúÒó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÚöáøóÉñ¡ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ [Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ] (3) ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÞóÇØöåóÇ.
åóÐóÇ ÞõØúÈõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóíúåö Úóáóì ÃóáúÓõäö ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö (4) ¡ æóÅöäú ÒóÎúÑóÝõæÇ áóåõ äõÚõæÊðÇ¡ æóÝóÕóáõæåõ ÝõÕõæáðÇ (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó ÊóÒöíÏõåõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÎóÝóÇÁð (6) ¡ æóÇáÕøöÝóÉõ äõÝõæÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóÓúØõ ÕõÚõæÈóÉð¡ æóÅöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö (7) ÔóÎóÕó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö æóÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö (8) ÞóÕóÏó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö¡ æóÅöíøóÇåõ (9) Úóäóì ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó Ýöí Úóíúäö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÊóÕúØóáöãõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊõ¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íóäúØöÞú Úóäúåõ (10) áöÓóÇäñ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÔöÑú Åöáóíúåö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó æóÑóÇÁó ãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö ãõßóæøóäñ¡ Ãóæú íóÊóÚóÇØóÇåõ ÎóÈóÑñ (11) ¡ Ãóæú íõÞöáøõåõ ÓóÈóÈñ ".
ÞóÇáó (12) : " æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÈúÊõ Ýöí ÓóÇáöÝö ÇáÏøóåúÑö (13) ÓóÇÆöáðÇ ÓóÃóáóäöí Úóäú ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö
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(1) Èöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÃõËúÈöÊõåóÇ ãöäú ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó.
(2) È¡ ã: ÇáúÍõÏõæËö.
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) æ: ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: ÚõáóãóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
(5) ÝõÕõæáðÇ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ.
(6) æ: ÌóÝóÇÁð¡ ä: ÍóÞøðÇ.
(7) Í¡ È¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÅöáóì Ãóåúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö.
(8) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: æóáóåõ.
(9) í¡ Ñ: æóÅöáóíúåö æóÅöíøóÇåõ.
(10) ä¡ ã: Èöåö.
(11) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó Õ 113: Íöíäñ.
(12) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð Õ 113
(13) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó: ÇáÒøóãóÇäö.(5/345)
ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÞóæóÇÝöí ÇáËøóáóÇËö:
ãóÇ æóÍøóÏó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ... ÅöÐú ßõáøõ ãóäú æóÍøóÏóåõ ÌóÇÍöÏõ
ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ãóäú íóäúØöÞõ Úóäú äóÚúÊöåö ... ÚóÇÑöíóÉñ ÃóÈúØóáóåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ
ÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ ÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ ... æóäóÚúÊõ ãóäú íóäúÚóÊõåõ áóÇÍöÏõ
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúÊõ (1) ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì [åóÐóÇ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö] Ýöí ÛóíúÑö (2) åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ áóßöäú äõäóÈøöåõ åõäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ¿ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ [ÇáúÃóæøóáõ] (3) ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýóåõæó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ¡ æóäóÒóáóÊú Èöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈõ¡ æóÈöåö ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÃóáú ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöäóÇ ÃóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÂáöåóÉð íõÚúÈóÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 45] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËúäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÃõãøóÉò ÑóÓõæáðÇ Ãóäö ÇõÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ÇáØøóÇÛõæÊó Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú åóÏóì Çááøóåõ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÍóÞøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÍúáö: 36] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ äõæÍöí Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏõæäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 25] .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ ãöËúáö äõæÍò æóåõæÏò¡ æóÕóÇáöÍò æóÔõÚóíúÈò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ áöÞóæúãöåöãõ: ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóåóÐóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÏóÚúæóÉö ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ.
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(1) æ: ÈóÓóØúäóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã: Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö.
(3) ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/346)
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö: " «ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍóÊøóì íóÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæåóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÕóãõæÇ ãöäøöí ÏöãóÇÁóåõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ¡ æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö» " (1) . æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ: " «ãóäú ãóÇÊó æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó» " (2) . æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ßóÇäó ÂÎöÑõ ßóáóÇãöåö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó» " (3) .
æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ßõáøõåõ ãóãúáõæÁñ ãöäú ÊóÍúÞöíÞö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáäøóÌóÇÉö æóÇáúÝóáóÇÍö¡ æóÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Èöåö. æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãõÊóÝóÇÖöáõæäó Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞöåö¡ æóÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ ÅöÎúáóÇÕõ ÇáÏøöíäö ßõáøöåö áöáøóåö. æóÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ãóÞúÑõæäñ ÈöÇáúÈóÞóÇÁö (4) ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú ÊõËúÈöÊó ÅöáóåöíøóÉó ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí ÞóáúÈößó¡ æóÊóäúÝöíó ÅöáóåöíøóÉó ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÊóÌúãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóÊóÞõæáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÝúíõ åõæó ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊõ åõæó ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁõ. æóÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ Ãóäú ÊóÝúäóì ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ÚóãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ [æóãóÍóÈøóÊöåö Úóäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ] (5) ¡ æóÈöÎóÔúíóÊöåö Úóäú ÎóÔúíóÉö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöØóÇÚóÊöåö Úóäú ØóÇÚóÉö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöãõæóÇáóÇÊöåö Úóäú ãõæóÇáóÇÉö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÓõÄóÇáöåö Úóäú ÓõÄóÇáö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÐóÉö Èöåö Úóäú ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÐóÉö (6) ÈöãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáÊøóæóßøõáö Úóáóíúåö Úóäö ÇáÊøóæóßøõáö Úóáóì
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/121
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/55 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóØúÚðÇ) ¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/376
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/122
(4) ä¡ ã: ÈöÇáúÝóäóÇÁö.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(6) ä: æóÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö Èöåö Úóäú ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛóÇËóÉö.(5/347)
ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáÊøóÝúæöíÖö Åöáóíúåö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝúæöíÖö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáúÅöäóÇÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö Úóäö ÇáúÅöäóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáÊøóÍóÇßõãö Åöáóíúåö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍóÇßõãö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÇáÊøóÎóÇÕõãö Åöáóíúåö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÎóÇÕõãö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ «ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: (* ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó íõÕóáøöí ãöäó Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõåõ (1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö *) (2) : " Çááøóåõãøó áóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÃóäúÊó Þóíøöãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö (3) æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó¡ æóáóß ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÃóäúÊó äõæÑõ ÇáÓøöãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó¡ æóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ (4) ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóÞóæúáõßó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóæóÚúÏõßó ÇáúÍóÞøó (5) ¡ æóáöÞóÇÄõßó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÇáúÌóäøóÉõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÇáäøóÇÑõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ ÍóÞøñ¡ Çááøóåõãøó áóßó ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ¡ æóÈößó ÂãóäúÊõ¡ æóÚóáóíúßó ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ¡ æóÅöáóíúßó ÃóäóÈúÊõ¡ æóÈößó ÎóÇÕóãúÊõ¡ æóÅöáóíúßó ÍóÇßóãúÊõ ; ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí¡ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó» " (6) .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Þõáú ÃóÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ÃóÊøóÎöÐõ æóáöíøðÇ ÝóÇØöÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóåõæó íõØúÚöãõ æóáóÇ íõØúÚóãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 14] .
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È¡ ã: íóÞõæáõ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(3) æ: ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó¡ æóáóß ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÃóäúÊó Þóíøõæãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóáóß ÇáúÍóãúÏõ " áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (æ) .
(5) È: ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóÞóæúáõßó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóæóÚúÏõßó ÍóÞøñ¡ Í: ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÞóæúáõßó ÍóÞøñ æóæóÚúÏõßó ÇáúÍóÞøõ.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/48 - 49 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö ãöäó Çááøóíúáö) æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/532 - 534 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó æóÞóÕúÑöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö Çááøóíúáö æóÞöíóÇãöåö) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö¡ æóåõæó Ýöíó " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/249 - 250¡ 291 - 292¡ 5/125(5/348)
æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÝóÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ÃóÈúÊóÛöí ÍóßóãðÇ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáó Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 114] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÝóÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ÊóÃúãõÑõæäøöí ÃóÚúÈõÏõ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÌóÇåöáõæäó - æóáóÞóÏú ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíúßó æóÅöáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó áóÆöäú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊó áóíóÍúÈóØóäøó Úóãóáõßó æóáóÊóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó - Èóáö Çááøóåó ÝóÇÚúÈõÏú æóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 64 - 66] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Þõáú Åöäøóäöí åóÏóÇäöí ÑóÈøöí Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò ÏöíäðÇ ÞöíóãðÇ ãöáøóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó - Þõáú Åöäøó ÕóáóÇÊöí æóäõÓõßöí æóãóÍúíóÇíó æóãóãóÇÊöí áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ æóÈöÐóáößó ÃõãöÑúÊõ æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó - Þõáú ÃóÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ÃóÈúÛöí ÑóÈøðÇ æóåõæó ÑóÈøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóáóÇ ÊóßúÓöÈõ ßõáøõ äóÝúÓò ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 161 - 164] .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ßóËöíÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáÏøöíäö æóÂÎöÑõåõ¡ æóÈóÇØöäõ ÇáÏøöíäö æóÙóÇåöÑõåõ¡ æóÐõÑúæóÉõ ÓóäóÇãö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö áöÃõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ Ëõãøó áöáúÎóáöíáóíúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ æóÓóáøóãó ÊóÓúáöíãðÇ -. ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÊøóÎóÐóäöí ÎóáöíáðÇ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ» " (1) .
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/475 Úóäú ÌõäúÏõÈö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõ åõäóÇßó ãóßóÇäóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöíåö: " Åöäøöí ÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöí ãöäúßõãú Îóáöíáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÎóÐóäöí ÎóáöíáðÇ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÎöÐõæäó ÞõÈõæÑó ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú æóÕóÇáöÍöíåöãú ãóÓóÇÌöÏó¡ ÃóáóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÇáúÞõÈõæÑó ãóÓóÇÌöÏó¡ Åöäøöí ÃóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉõ åõäóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/50 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÝóÖúáõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÊøóÎóÐóäöí ÎóáöíáðÇ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÝóãóäúÒöáöí æóãóäúÒöáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÊõÌóÇåóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÈóíúäóäóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ Èóíúäó Îóáöíáóíúäö "¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 2/66(5/349)
æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Úóäú «ÎóíúÑö ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö: " Åöäøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» (1) . æóåõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÃõãøóÉð¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏúæóÉõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÞøóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøóÉõ ãöáøóÊõåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú áóßõãú ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ Ýöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇ áöÞóæúãöåöãú ÅöäøóÇ ÈõÑóÂÁõ ãöäúßõãú æóãöãøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ßóÝóÑúäóÇ Èößõãú æóÈóÏóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóßõãõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉõ æóÇáúÈóÛúÖóÇÁõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÄúãöäõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áöÃóÈöíåö áóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑóäøó áóßó æóãóÇ Ãóãúáößõ áóßó ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÑóÈøóäóÇ Úóáóíúßó ÊóæóßøóáúäóÇ æóÅöáóíúßó ÃóäóÈúäóÇ æóÅöáóíúßó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ - ÑóÈøóäóÇ áóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáúäóÇ ÝöÊúäóÉð áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ æóÇÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ - áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ýöíåöãú ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ áöãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúÌõæ Çááøóåó æóÇáúíóæúãó ÇáúÂÎöÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõãúÊóÍóäóÉö: 4 - 6] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ áöÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö Åöäøóäöí ÈóÑóÇÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóíóåúÏöíäö - æóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ßóáöãóÉð ÈóÇÞöíóÉð Ýöí ÚóÞöÈöåö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÑúÌöÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 26 - 28] .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1839 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -) ¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: " ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÐóÇßó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/302 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö) " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/178¡ 184(5/350)
æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇÞóæúãö Åöäøöí ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó - Åöäøöí æóÌøóåúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó - æóÍóÇÌøóåõ Þóæúãõåõ ÞóÇáó ÃóÊõÍóÇÌøõæäøöí Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÞóÏú åóÏóÇäöí æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøöí ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó - æóßóíúÝó ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó Ãóäøóßõãú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö Úóáóíúßõãú ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóíøõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúäö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó - ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóáóãú íóáúÈöÓõæÇ ÅöíãóÇäóåõãú ÈöÙõáúãò ÃõæáóÆößó áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúäõ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó - æóÊöáúßó ÍõÌøóÊõäóÇ ÂÊóíúäóÇåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Íóßöíãñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 78 - 83] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó - ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãõ ÇáúÃóÞúÏóãõæäó - ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÚóÏõæøñ áöí ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 75 - 77] .
æóÇáúÎóáöíáõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÎóáøóáóÊú ãóÍóÈøóÉõ Îóáöíáöåö ÞóáúÈóåõ (1) ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ãóÓúáóßñ áöÛóíúÑöåö ßóãóÇ Þöíáó:
ÞóÏú ÊóÎóáøóáóÊú ãóÓúáóßó ÇáÑøõæÍö ãöäøöí ... æóÈöÐóÇ Óõãøöíó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÎóáöíáðÇ
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ [ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÝóÞöíÑõ¡ ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáøóÉö ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö. ßóãóÇ Þöíáó:
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(1) æ¡ í: ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÞóáúÈóåõ¡ Í: ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ ÞóáúÈó Îóáöíáöåö.(5/351)
æóÅöäú ÃóÊóÇåõ Îóáöíáñ íóæúãó ãóÓúÛóÈóÉò ... íóÞõæáõ áóÇ ÛóÇÆöÈñ ãóÇáöí æóáóÇ ÍóÑóãõ (1)
æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøóåõ (2) ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöáËøóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøó ßóãóÇáó] (3) ÍõÈøöåö áöáøóåö åõæó ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÚõÈõæÏöíøóÉò æóÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑò¡ áóíúÓóÊú ßóãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøö áöÚóÈúÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁò æóÅöÍúÓóÇäò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÞõáö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÊøóÎöÐú æóáóÏðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÔóÑöíßñ Ýöí Çáúãõáúßö æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ æóáöíøñ ãöäó ÇáÐøõáøö æóßóÈøöÑúåõ ÊóßúÈöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 111] .
ÝóÇáÑøóÈøõ áóÇ íõæóÇáöí ÚóÈúÏóåõ ãöäú Ðõáøò (4) ¡ ßóãóÇ íõæóÇáöí ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú íõæóÇáöíåö ÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúæóáöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ ÖöÏøõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö. æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍõÈøõ¡ æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö ÇáúÈõÛúÖõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åõæó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó Çáúæóáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÈõ. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãóÚúäóÇåõ (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çáúæóáöíøó íóÞúÑõÈõ Åöáóì (6) æóáöíøöåö¡ æóÇáúÚóÏõæøõ íóÈúÚõÏõ Úóäú ÚóÏõæøöåö. æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÎóáøóÉõ ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ßóãóÇáó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈó ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ áóãú íóÕúáõÍú áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÎóÇáöáó ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ (7) ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: " «áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú Îóáöíáõ Çááøóåö» " (8) .
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(1) ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ãöäú ÔöÚúÑö ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí Óõáúãóì (ÏöíæóÇäõåõ¡ Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúßõÊõÈö Õ 153)
(2) æ: ÃóäøóåóÇ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ È: ãöäó ÇáÐøõáøö.
(5) æ: ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ.
(6) Í¡ È: ãöäú.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
(8) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/512(5/352)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇãúÊóÍóäó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÐóÈúÍö ÇÈúäöåö. æóÇáÐøóÈöíÍõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÓõæÑóÉõ " ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö " æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÇäó (1) ÓóÃóáó ÑóÈøóåõ Ãóäú íóåóÈó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ ÝóÈóÔøóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÛõáóÇãö ÇáúÍóáöíãö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøóÚúíó ÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÐúÈóÍóåõ¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ãóÎúáõæÞò ÊõÒóÇÍöãõ ãóÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ØóáóÈóåõ æóåõæó ÈößúÑõåõ.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö íóÞõæáõ: " ÇÐúÈóÍö ÇÈúäóßó æóÍöíÏóßó "¡ æóÝöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì " ÈößúÑõßó "¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóáúÍóÞó ÇáúãõÈóÏøöáõæäó áóÝúÙó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ (2) . ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó åõæó ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö (3) ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó æóÍöíÏõåõ æóáóÇ ÈößúÑõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÍöíÏõåõ æóÈößúÑõåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÞöÕøóÉó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ: {æóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó äóÈöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 112] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 71] . ÝóßóíúÝó íõÈóÔøöÑõåõ ÈöæóáóÏò Ëõãøó íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÐóÈúÍöåö¿ .
æóÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÞóÚóÊú áöÓóÇÑøóÉó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú ÛóÇÑóÊú ãöäú åóÇÌóÑó áóãøóÇ æóáóÏóÊú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó ÈöÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÃóãøöåö Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÖøóíúÝõ - æóåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ - áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÈóÔøóÑõæåóÇ (4) ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÐóÈúÍö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¿ .
æóåöíó áóãú ÊóÕúÈöÑú Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Èóáú ÛóÇÑóÊú Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÇÈúäñ
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(1) ÞóÏú ßóÇäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ßóÇäó ÞóÏú.
(2) Í¡ í¡ Ñ¡ æ: ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
(3) æ: ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö.
(4) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÈóÔøóÑõæåóÇ.(5/353)
ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊóÕúÈöÑõ Úóáóì ÐóÈúÍö ÇÈúäöåóÇ æóÈóÞóÇÁö ÇÈúäö ÖõÑøóÊöåóÇ¿ æóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÐóÈúÍö ÇÈúäöåö (1) æóÃõãøõåõ ãõÈóÔøóÑóÉñ Èöåö æóÈöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäöåö [íóÚúÞõæÈó] (2) ¿ æóÃóíúÖðÇ (3) ÝóÇáÐøóÈúÍõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÑúäóíö ÇáúßóÈúÔö Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóÞóÇáó áöáúÍóÇÌöÈö: " «Åöäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÞóÑúäóíö ÇáúßóÈúÔö Ýöí ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ ÝóÎóãøóÑóåõãóÇ (4) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÔóíúÁñ íõáúåöí ÇáúãõÕóáøöí» " (5) . æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ åõãóÇ ÇááøóÐóÇäö ÈóäóíóÇ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ (6) ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇãö. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáÐøóÈúÍö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÍóÈøóÉñ áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇÈúäñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑó áóåõ ÇÈúäóÇäö¡ ÝóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ áóÇ
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(1) æ: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÐóÈúÍöåö.
(2) æóÈöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäöåö íóÚúÞõæÈó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) : æóÈöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäöåö¡ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (È) æóÈöÇÈúäöåö æóÓóÞóØóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóÈöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäöåö " ãöäú (æ) .
(3) Í¡ È: ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãöäú (æ) .
(4) Í¡ í¡ È: ÝóÎóãøóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) " íóÚúäöí: ÝóÛóØøóÇåõãóÇ ".
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/289 - 290 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóÑúÍö æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò æóãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ËöäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÍóÌóÈöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÎóÇáöí¡ Úóäú Ãõãøöí ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøóÉó ÊóÞõæáõ: ÞõáúÊõ áöÚõËúãóÇäó: ãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóßó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Íöíäó ÏóÚóÇßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí äóÓöíÊõ Ãóäú ÂãõÑóßó Ãóäú ÊõÎóãøöÑó ÇáúÞóÑúäóíúäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÔóíúÁñ íóÔúÛóáõ ÇáúãõÕóáøöíó. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóÑúÍö: ÎóÇáöí ãõÓóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó. æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóÞóãö 2030: ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÑõæöíó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò Úóäú ÎóÇáöåö ãõÓóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäú ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ãóäú Èóäöí Óõáóíúãò¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Úóäú ÎóÇáöåö Úóäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ãöäú Èóäöí Óõáóíúãò¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ãõãøóåõ. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÃóÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/68¡ 5/380 æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö 1/316 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ " Íã (ÃóÍúãóÏõ) Ö (ÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌöäóÇäö) Þ (ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö) Úóäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ãöäú Èóäöí Óõáóíúãò Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ØóáúÍóÉó ".
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.(5/354)
íóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÐóÈúÍöåöãóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ. æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäö ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö æóÇáÊøóÈúÏöíáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Úóäúåõãú.
[æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò] (1) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóáöíáóíúäö åõãóÇ Ãóßúãóáõ ÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÊóæúÍöíÏðÇ ; ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóäú åõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ÊóæúÍöíÏðÇ ãöäú äóÈöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóáöíáóíúäö.
æóßóãóÇáõ ÊóæúÍöíÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÃõáõæåöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÔóíúÁñ áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Èóáú íóÈúÞóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ (2) ãõæóÇáöíðÇ áöÑóÈøöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ íõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ãóÇ ÃóÈúÛóÖó¡ æóíóÑúÖóì ÈöãóÇ ÑóÖöíó (3) ¡ æóíóÓúÎóØõ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÎöØó (4) ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó¡ æóíóäúåóì ÚóãøóÇ äóåóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ æóÓóãøóÇåõ " ÊóæúÍöíÏó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö "¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó ÑõÈõæÈöíøóÉð (5) ÇáÑøóÈøõ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ ÑóÈøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóãóáöíßõåõ¡ æóÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáúÃõáõæåöíøóÉö: æóåõæó (6) Ãóäú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (æ) ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäúåõ: " æóåóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ". æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí " ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÏøõÑøöíøóÉö " Õ 54 " æóáóåõ ÌóæóÇÈñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó ãöäú æóáóÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó - Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ - åõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó áöÐóáößó ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò "¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ýöí " ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó "¡ Õ 22.
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóßóãóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóÈúÞóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ.
(3) ÑóÖöíó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: íóÑúÖóì.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ í: íóÓúÎóØõ.
(5) Í¡ È¡ æ: ÈöÑõÈõæÈöíøóÉò.
(6) È ÝóÞóØú: åõæó.(5/355)
íóÓúÊóæúáöíó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÔõåõæÏõ ãóÚúÈõæÏöåö æóÐößúÑõåõ æóãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÍöÓøó ÈöÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöËõÈõæÊö ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÍößóãö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊõåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ æóáóßöäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÔõåõæÏõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÛóÇÈó ÈöãóæúÌõæÏöåö Úóäú æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóÈöãóÚúÈõæÏöåö Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÈöãóÐúßõæÑöåö Úóäú ÐößúÑöåö¡ æóÈöãóÚúÑõæÝöåö Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö.
ßóãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈõ Ýöí Çáúíóãøö¡ ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ äóÝúÓóåõ ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóäóÇ æóÞóÚúÊõ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ æóÞóÚúÊó ÃóäúÊó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÛöÈúÊõ Èößó Úóäøöí¡ ÝóÙóäóäúÊõ Ãóäøó Ãóäøöí (1) . ÝóÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÛõáöÈó (2) Ýöí Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ãóÚúÐõæÑñ¡ áöÚóÌúÒöåö ÚöäúÏó ÛóáóÈóÉö ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøóÈøö Úóáóì ÞóáúÈöåö Úóäú ÔõÚõæÑöåö ÈöÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚúÐóÑõ ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÝóãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÛõÔöíó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÚõÐöÑó ãõæÓóì - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÕõÚöÞó Íöíäó ÊóÌóáøóì ÑóÈøõåõ áöáúÌóÈóáö.
æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáÓøóÇáößöíäó¡ æóáóÇ áóÇÒöãðÇ áößõáøö ÓóÇáößò. [æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áößõáøö ÓóÇáößò] (3) ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó. ÝóäóÈöíøõäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó¡ åõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ. æóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ æóáóÇ ÕóÚúÞñ æóáóÇ ãóæúÊñ (4) ÚöäúÏó ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ (5) åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÚúÞõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó.
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(1) È: ÝóÙóäóäúÊõ Ãóäøóßó ÃóäóÇ¡ ä¡ ã: ÍóÊøóì ÙóäóäúÊõ Ãóäøóßó Ãóäøöí.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ ÛóÇÈó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Í¡ È: æóáóÇ ÕõÚöÞó æóáóÇ ãóÇÊó.
(5) ÊóÌöÏõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (í) æóÝöí (ä) ÊóÌöÏõ æóÝöí (ã) íóÌöÏõ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) (æ) (È) ÊóÌóÏøóÏó.(5/356)
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁó åõæó ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÊóåöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÓóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÖúÚóÝõ [ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ] (1) . æóãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøö (2) ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ " æóÞóæúáöåö: " Ãóíúäó ÃóÈõæ íóÒöíÏó¿ ÃóäóÇ ÃóØúáõÈõ ÃóÈóÇ íóÒöíÏó ãõäúÐõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ ÓóäóÉò " æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó (3) ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Íóãóáõæåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Úóäúåõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝóÇÞó ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐóÇ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæõåõ ßõÝúÑñ¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇáó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÈöÓóÈóÈò íõÚúÐóÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ¡ ßóÇáäøóæúãö
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÃóÈõæ íóÒöíÏó ØóíúÝõæÑõ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøõ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÈóÇ íóÒöíÏó¡ ÕõæÝöíøñ ÔóåöíÑñ áóåõ ÔóØóÍóÇÊñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáÒøöÑößúáöíøõ: " æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúÑöÞöíäó ãóäú íóÑóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÈöæóÍúÏóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ÞóÇÆöáò ÈöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö Nirvana æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõ ÈöÇáØøóíúÝõæÑöíøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøóÉö "¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 188 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 261 ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ æóãóÐúåóÈóåõ Ýöí: ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö Õ 67 - 74¡ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì 1/65 - 66¡ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö 4/89 - 94¡ ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/143 - 144¡ ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 2/346 - 347¡ ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøóÉö 1/80 - 82¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 3/339
(3) ááÏßÊæÑ ÚóÈúÏ ÇáÑøóÍúãóä ÈóÏóæöí ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÔóØóÍóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö "¡ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ÇáúßóËöíÑó ãöäú ÔóØóÍóÇÊö ÃóÈöí íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøö æóäóÔóÑó Ýöíåö ÑöÓóÇáóÉó " ÇáäøõæÑõ ãöäú ßóáöãóÇÊö ÃóÈöí ØóíúÝõæÑò " ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈóÉó Åöáóì ÇáÓøóåúáóÌöíøö (Ø. ÇáäøóåúÖóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö) ¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1949 " æóæõÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáÊøóÇáöíó Õ 65. ÞóÕóÏó ÃóÈóÇ íóÒöíÏó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Ðöí Çáäøõæäö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ãóäú ÊóØúáõÈõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈóÇ íóÒöíÏó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó ÃóÈõæ íóÒöíÏó íóØúáõÈõ ÃóÈóÇ íóÒöíÏó ãõäúÐõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÝóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì Ðöí Çáäøõæäö æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÝóÛõÔöíó Úóáóíúåö. æóåõæó äóÕøñ ãõÞóÇÑöÈñ áöáäøóÕøö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó (æóÇäúÙõÑú Õ 110) . ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ¡ æóåõæó íõäúÓóÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌö (ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ãóÏúÎóáñ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö " ááÏßÊæÑ ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóÝóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÊóÇÒóÇäöíøö¡ Õ 129 Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáËøóÞóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1979) ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøó áóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ ãõÔóÇÈöåóÉñ Èóáú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÔóäóÇÚóÉð ãöËúáõ Þóæúáöåö: " ÓõÈúÍóÇäöí ãóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ÓõáúØóÇäöí "¡ " ÔóØóÍóÇÊö Õ 111 " æóÞóæúáõåõ áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÞóÑóÃó ÚöäúÏóåõ Åöäøó ÈóØúÔó ÑóÈøößó áöÔóÏöíÏñ ÞóÇáó: " æóÍóíóÇÊöåö Åöäøó ÈóØúÔöí ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÈóØúÔöåö "¡ (ÔóØóÍóÇÊö Õ 111) æóÞóæúáöåö: " ßõäúÊõ ÃóØõæÝõ Íóæúáó ÈóíúÊö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú æóÕóáúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáúÈóíúÊó íóØõæÝõ Íóæúáöí " Õ 108(5/357)
æóÇáúÅöÛúãóÇÁö¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÄóÇÎóÐðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÖóÚúÝö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáúãóäóÇÒöáö " Ýóåõæó ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö (1) ¡ æóåõæó íõËúÈöÊõ ÊóæúÍöíÏó ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö ãóÚó äóÝúíö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉö (2) ¡ ßóÇáúÌóåúãö Èúäö ÕóÝúæóÇäó æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÔóíúÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (3) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ãöäú ÃóÔóÏøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãõÈóÇíóäóÉð áöáúÌóåúãóíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ " ÇáúÝóÇÑõæÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊóÉö æóÇáúãõÚóØøóáóÉö " (4) æóÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈó " ÊóßúÝöíÑõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö " (5) æóÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈó " Ðóãøõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö " (6) ¡ æóÒóÇÏó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúÛõáõæøö Ýöí ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö áöáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ áóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ äõÝóÇÉõ ÇáúÍößóãö æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÃõáõæåöíøóÉö.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉö.
(3) æóíóÞúÕöÏõ Èöåö ÇÈúäó ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÃóÈóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúåóÑóæöíøó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ãõäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó
(4) æ: ÇáúÝóÇÑõæÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊóÉö. . æóÐóßóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏú ÓóÚöíÏú ÇáúÃóÝúÛóÇäöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Úóäö ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö æóÞóÇáó (Õ 102) " ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÑóÌóÈò Ýöí Õ 51 ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáÐøóíúáõ Úóáóì ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö " æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈóÇÔóÇ (ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Õ 452) æóÇáúÚóáøóÇãóÉõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ (ØóÈóÞóÇÊõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 20)
(5) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúåóÑóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " Ðóãøõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö " (ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÃóÝúÛóÇäöíøö Õ 105)
(6) ÐóßóÑóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏú ÓóÚöíÏú ÇáúÃóÝúÛóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (Õ 104 - 105) æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö äõÓóÎò ÎóØøöíøóÉò ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóßúÊóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøóÉö æóÝöí ãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúãóÊúÍóÝö ÇáúÈöÑöíØóÇäöíøö ÈöáõäúÏóäó æóÝöí ãóÚúåóÏö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÇÊö ÈöÃóäúÞöÑóÉó ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ãöäúåõ äõÓúÎóÉð ãõÕóæøóÑóÉð Ýöí ãóÚúåóÏö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÇÊö ÈöÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú áóÎøóÕóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: " Õóæúäõ ÇáúãóäúØöÞö æóÇáúßóáóÇãö ". æóÞóÏú äóÞóáó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó äõÕõæÕðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " 2/82 - 83 7/185(5/358)
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö äóæúÚñ¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö äóæúÚñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ íõÌóÇãöÚõ ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ äóÝúíñ áößõáøö ãóÇ Óöæóì Íõßúãö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö ÇáÔøóÇãöáóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÎóÕøöÕõ ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáóíúäö ÈöáóÇ ãõÎóÕøöÕò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí " ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö " Ýöí áóØóÇÆöÝö ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö (1) : " ÇááøóØöíÝóÉõ (2) ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøó (3) ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍõßúãó áóãú ÊóÏóÚú áóåõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäó ÍóÓóäóÉò æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇÍó ÓóíøöÆóÉò¡ áöÕõÚõæÏöåö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí Åöáóì ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍõßúãö " Ãóíö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÎóáúÞõåõ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóãú íõËúÈöÊú Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÝóÑúÞðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÈøö¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõ: ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ãóÍúÈõæÈñ áóåõ¡ ãóÑúÖöíøñ áóåõ¡ ãõÑóÇÏñ áóåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ áóíúÓó íõÍöÈøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚóåó ÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäõ ÍóÓóäóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇÍõ ÓóíøöÆóÉò ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÈøö ; ÅöÐú ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇÍõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö: íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõ ãóÇ íõáóÇÆöãõåõ¡ æóíóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍõ ãóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåö.
æóÝöí Úóíúäö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ äóÝúÓóåõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÝöÚúáó ÑóÈøöåö¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóíóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍõ ÂÎóÑó¡ Úóáóì Þóæúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚöíäó áöÌóåúãö Èúäö ÕóÝúæóÇäó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö æóÇÝóÞõæÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉó Ýöí Ãóäøó ãóÔöíÆóÉó ÇáÑøóÈøö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõ æóãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ æóÑöÖóÇåõ ÓóæóÇÁñ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáäøõÝóÇÉõ: æóåõæó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞó æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó¡ Ýóåõæó áóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ æóáóÇ íóÔóÇÄõåõ ; Ýóíóßõæäõ Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ.
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(1) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó Õ 11
(2) ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑöíäó æóÇááøóØöíÝóÉõ.
(3) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(5/359)
æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÈöÑóÉõ: Èóáú åõæó íóÔóÇÁõ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ Ýóåõæó íõÑöíÏõåõ æóíõÍöÈøõåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõãú: ÝóíõÝóÑøöÞõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõËúÈöÊöíäó áöáúÞóÏóÑö: Þóæúáõ ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáÑøöÖóÇ. æóÞóæúáõ ãóäú Óóæøóì ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó åõæó ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Óóæøóì ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ áóßöäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí " ÇáúãõæÌóÒö " ÞóÏú Íóßóì Þóæúáóåõ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò¡ æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ßõáøóÇÈò¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúßóÑóÇÈöíÓöíøö¡ æóÚóäú ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò íóÞõæáõ: " ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáúÝõÓõæÞó æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: Åöäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõåõ¡ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì Ýóåõæó Ýöí " ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö " íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó¡ æóÝöí " ãõÎúÊóÕóÑöåö " ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí " ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö " Þóæúáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: Ãóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö¡ æóÊóÃóæøóáó ßóáóÇãó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÊóÃúæöíáò ÈóÇØöáò (1) . áóßöäøó Ãóåúáó Çáúãöáóáö ßõáøóåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõËöíÈõ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö¡ æóíõÚóÇÞöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉõ ÔóÇãöáóÉð áöáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡ Ýóåõãú íõÓóáøöãõæäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúãõÏøóÚõæäó áöáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúÝóäóÇÁö ÝöíåöãóÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõãú ãõÑóÇÏñ¡ Èóáú íõÑöíÏõæäó ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ; ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúßóãóÇáõ Ãóäú ÊóÝúäóì Úóäú ÅöÑóÇÏóÊößó¡ æóÊóÈúÞóì ãóÚó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÑóÈøößó¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúßóÇÆöäóÇÊö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì
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(1) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö Ýöí åóÇãöÔö äõÓúÎóÊóíú (Ñ) (í) ßóÊóÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóßúÊõæÈñ ÈöÎóØøö ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: " æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõäóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ Þóæúáöåöãú ". æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÊóíúäö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÈúÏóÃõ åóßóÐóÇ: áóßöäøó Ãóåúáó Çáúãöáóáö. . ".(5/360)
ÇáÑøóÈøö ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõæäó ÍóÓóäóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍõæäó ÓóíøöÆóÉð.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáõæåõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÚóÞúáðÇ ãõÍóÑøóãñ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõäóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ Þóæúáöåöãú. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÊóæúÍöíÏöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: " Åöäøóåõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö " ÝóÅöäøó ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóãú íóÎúáõÞö Çááøóåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈò¡ Èóáú íóÝúÚóáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ Èöåö.
ÞóÇáó: " æóÇáÕøõÚõæÏõ Úóäú ãõäóÇÒóÚóÇÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö ÈöÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÔúåóÏó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóßøõáö ÓóÈóÈðÇ¡ [æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÌóÇÉö æóÓöíáóÉð " æóÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøó ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÔóíúÁñ íóßõæäõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ] (1) áöÔóíúÁò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó ÌõÚöáó áöÃóÌúáö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÔóíúÁñ ÈöÔóíúÁò.
ÝóÇáÔøöÈóÚõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÃóßúáö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúãõÊóæóßøöáö ãöäó ÇáÑøöÒúÞö æóÇáäøóÕúÑö áóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ ÃóÕúáðÇ: áóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÓóÈóÈñ áöáËøóæóÇÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÓóÈóÈñ áöáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áöáäøóÌóÇÉö æóÓöíáóÉñ¡ Èóáú ãóÍúÖõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö íóÕúÏõÑõ ÚóäúåóÇ ßõáøõ ÍóÇÏöËò¡ æóíóÕúÏõÑõ ãóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãõÞúÊóÑöäðÇ Èöåö ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäðÇ ÚóÇÏöíøðÇ¡ áóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ãõÚóáøóÞñ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ãóæú ÓóÈóÈñ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÍößúãóÉñ áóåõ¡ æóáóßöäú áöÃóÌúáö ãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ íõÌúÚóáõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóãóÇÑóÉð æóÚóáóãðÇ¡ æóÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóíúäö ÚóÇÏóÉð ßóÇäó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇäóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏöíøóÉö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/361)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: " Ýóíóßõæäõ ãõÔóÇåöÏðÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÈöÍõßúãöåö æóÚöáúãöåö " Ãì: íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáöãó ãóÇ Óóíóßõæäõ æóÍóßóãó Èöåö¡ Ãóíú ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ æóÞóÖóÇåõ æóßóÊóÈóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÔóíúÁñ ÅöáøóÇ åóÐóÇ. æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö íóÊúÑõßõæäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉó¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó æõÌõæÏó ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ßóÚóÏóãöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú Þóæúãñ íóÊúÑõßõæäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäú ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÃóäøóÇ ÓõÚóÏóÇÁõ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÓõÚóÏóÇÁõ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóÈóÞó ÃóäøóÇ ÃóÔúÞöíóÇÁõ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÃóÔúÞöíóÇÁõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÊúÑõßõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏó (1) ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ æóãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÍöÓøö æóÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏóÑö (2) ¡ ÝóÑóÏøó Ðóáößó. ßóãóÇ [ËóÈóÊó] (3) Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú Úõáöãó ãóÞúÚóÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóãóÞúÚóÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÝóáóÇ äóÏóÚõ ÇáúÚóãóáó æóäóÊøóßöáõ Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóÇ. ÇÚúãóáõæÇ Ýóßõáøñ ãõíóÓøóÑñ áöãóÇ ÎõáöÞó áóåõ» " (4)
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(1) ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) Í¡ È: áöáúÞóÏóÑö.
(3) ËóÈóÊó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúæöíøò - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÝöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóËóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/96 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóæúÚöÙóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÈúÑö) 6/170 - 171 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÈóÇÈõ ÓõæÑóÉö æóÇááøóíúáö ÅöÐóÇ íóÛúÔóì) ¡ 8/123 - 124 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö ÞóÏóÑðÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2039 - 2040 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúÂÏóãöíøö Ýöí ÈóØúäö Ãõãøöåö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/307 - 308 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö) . æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/301 - 302 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÞóÇÁö æóÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1 - 31 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö) ¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ¡ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 621¡ 1067¡ 1068¡ 1110¡ 1181¡ 1348. .(5/362)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ «Þöíáó áóåõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó ãóÇ íóßúÏóÍõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöíåö Çáúíóæúãó æóíóÚúãóáõæäó¡ ÃóÔóíúÁñ ÞõÖöíó Úóáóíúåöãú æóãóÖóì¡ Ãóãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÓúÊóÞúÈöáõæäó ãöãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõãú Ýöíåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " Èóáú ÔóíúÁñ ÞõÖöíó Úóáóíúåöãú æóãóÖóì Ýöíåöãú " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÝóáóÇ äóÏóÚõ ÇáúÚóãóáó æóäóÊøóßöáõ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóÇ. ÇÚúãóáõæÇ Ýóßõáøñ ãõíóÓøóÑñ áöãóÇ ÎõáöÞó áóåõ» (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊ ÃóÏúæöíóÉð äóÊóÏóÇæóì ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÑõÞðì äóÓúÊóÑúÞöí ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÊõÞóÇÉð äóÊøóÞöíåóÇ¡ åóáú ÊóÑõÏøõ ãöäú ÞóÏóÑö Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " åöíó ãöäú ÞóÏóÑö Çááøóåö» (2) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúÓöáõ ÇáÑøöíóÇÍó ÈõÔúÑðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÞóáøóÊú ÓóÍóÇÈðÇ ËöÞóÇáðÇ ÓõÞúäóÇåõ áöÈóáóÏò ãóíøöÊò ÝóÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Èöåö ÇáúãóÇÁó ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ßõáøö ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 57] .
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(1) ÌóãóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó åõäóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÈóíúäó ÌõÒúÁò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍõÕóíúäö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2041 - 2042 (ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö) æóÝöíåö: Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ íóÓúÊóÞúÈöáõæäó Èöåö ãöãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõãú Èöåö äóÈöíøõåõãú¡ æóËóÈóÊóÊö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóíúåöãú¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóÇ¡ Èóáú ÔóíúÁñ ÞõÖöíó Úóáóíúåöãú æóãóÖóì Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÊóÕúÏöíÞõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó (æóäóÝúÓò æóãóÇ ÓóæøóÇåóÇ ÝóÃóáúåóãóåóÇ ÝõÌõæÑóåóÇ æóÊóÞúæóÇåóÇ [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö: 7¡ 8] .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/232(5/363)
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäú ãóÇÁò ÝóÃóÍúíóÇ Èöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇËöíóÉö: 5] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÞóÇÊöáõæåõãú íõÚóÐøöÈúåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÃóíúÏöíßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 14] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóäóÍúäõ äóÊóÑóÈøóÕõ Èößõãú Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö Ãóæú ÈöÃóíúÏöíäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 52] .
æóÞóÇáó: {íõÖöáøõ Èöåö ßóËöíÑðÇ æóíóåúÏöí Èöåö ßóËöíÑðÇ æóãóÇ íõÖöáøõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 26] .
æóÞóÇáó: {íóåúÏöí Èöåö Çááøóåõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÓõÈõáó ÇáÓøóáóÇãö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 16] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 52] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáößõáøö Þóæúãò åóÇÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 7] ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõÔúåóÏõ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¿ ! .
ÞóÇáó: {æóíõäóÌøöí Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ ÈöãóÝóÇÒóÊöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 61] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö íóåúÏöíåöãú ÑóÈøõåõãú ÈöÅöíãóÇäöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 9] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóÊúåõãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõãú ÈöÅöíãóÇäò ÃóáúÍóÞúäóÇ Èöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú æóãóÇ ÃóáóÊúäóÇåõãú ãöäú Úóãóáöåöãú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøõæÑö: 21] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ßöÊóÇÈñ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ Åöáóíúßó áöÊõÎúÑöÌó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Åöáóì ÇáäøõæÑö ÈöÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 1] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ßõáõæÇ æóÇÔúÑóÈõæÇ åóäöíÆðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö ÇáúÎóÇáöíóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö: 24] .(5/364)
æóÞóÇáó: {ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÈöãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÍúáö: 32] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ÊóÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóßõãú ÝõÑúÞóÇäðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 29] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóäú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóåõ ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ - æóíóÑúÒõÞúåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: 2 - 3] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÈöãóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö áöäúÊó áóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 159] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÈöÙõáúãò ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÇÏõæÇ ÍóÑøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóíøöÈóÇÊò ÃõÍöáøóÊú áóåõãú æóÈöÕóÏøöåöãú Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ßóËöíÑðÇ - æóÃóÎúÐöåöãõ ÇáÑøöÈóÇ æóÞóÏú äõåõæÇ Úóäúåõ æóÃóßúáöåöãú ÃóãúæóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 160 - 161] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÃóåúáóßúäóÇåõãú ÈöÐõäõæÈöåöãú æóÃóäúÔóÃúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ÞóÑúäðÇ ÂÎóÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 6] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÃóËóÇÈóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóäøóÇÊò ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 85] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÌóÒóÇåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÕóÈóÑõæÇ ÌóäøóÉð æóÍóÑöíÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö: 42] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö áóÂíóÇÊò áöÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 190] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÇáúÝõáúßö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÌúÑöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÈöãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäú ãóÇÁò ÝóÃóÍúíóÇ Èöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåóÇ æóÈóËøó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÏóÇÈøóÉò æóÊóÕúÑöíÝö ÇáÑøöíóÇÍö æóÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö ÇáúãõÓóÎøóÑö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóÂíóÇÊò áöÞóæúãò íóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 164] æóÃóãúËóÇáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ßóËöíÑñ.(5/365)
(* æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÓóÚúÏò: " ÚóÓóì Ãóäú ÊõÎóáøóÝó ÝóíóäúÊóÝöÚó Èößó ÃóÞúæóÇãñ æóíõÖóÑøó Èößó ÂÎóÑõæäó» *) (1) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÔúåóÏó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóäúÕöÈú Úóáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÚóáó áöáäøóÌóÇÉö ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈöåö æóÓöíáóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÚóáó áöãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ.
æóåõæó ãõÓóÈøöÈõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÈöÓóÈóÈò ãöäúåõ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ (2) ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö [Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö] (3) æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ: " ÇáöÇáúÊöÝóÇÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÔöÑúßñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóãóÍúæõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈðÇ ÊóÛúíöíÑñ (4) Ýöí æóÌúåö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÞóÏúÍñ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ".
æóÇáÊøóæóßøõáõ ãóÚúäðì íóáúÊóÆöãõ (5) ãöäú ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö (6) æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ æóÇáÔøóÑúÚõ¡ ÝóÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ (7) ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõ áóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóØúãóÆöäøõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ 2/81 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö ÈóÇÈõ ÑöËóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÎóæúáóÉó) æóäóÕøõåõ: " ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÚõæÏõäöí ÚóÇãó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ãöäú æóÌóÚò ÇÔúÊóÏøó Èöí. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃõÎóáøóÝõ ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóßó áóäú ÊõÎóáøóÝó ÝóÊóÚúãóáó ÚóãóáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÒúÏóÏúÊó Èöåö ÏóÑóÌóÉð æóÑöÝúÚóÉð¡ Ëõãøó áóÚóáøóßó Ãóäú ÊõÎóáøóÝó ÍóÊøóì íóäúÊóÝöÚó Èößó ÃóÞúæóÇãñ æóíõÖóÑøó Èößó ÂÎóÑõæäó¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÃóãúÖö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí åöÌúÑóÊóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÑõÏøóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈöåöãú¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÈóÇÆöÓó ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÎóæúáóÉó íóÑúËöí áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú ãóÇÊó ÈöãóßøóÉó ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí 5/68 - 69 (ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: Çááøóåõãøó ÃóãúÖö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí åöÌúÑóÊóåõãú. .) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ãóÑøóÉð ËóÇáöËóÉð Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö.
(2) áóßöäøó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö.
(3) ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(4) È: ÊóÛúÈöíÑñ¡ æóÊóÛóíøõÑñ¡ ä: ÊõÚúÊóÈóÑõ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ: ãõáúÊóÆöãñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÇáÊøóæóßøõáõ ãóÚúäðì íóáúÊóÆöãõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ãöäú (È) .
(7) ä¡ ã: ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ.(5/366)
æóáóÇ íóËöÞõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÌõæåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÓóÈóÈñ íóÓúÊóÞöáøõ ÈöÍõßúãò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÓóÈóÈò Ýóåõæó ãõÝúÊóÞöÑñ Åöáóì ÃõãõæÑò ÃõÎúÑóì ÊõÖóãøõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóåõ ãóæóÇäöÚõ æóÚóæóÇÆöÞõ ÊóãúäóÚõ ãõæÌöÈóåõ¡ æóãóÇ Ëóãøó ÓóÈóÈñ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøñ ÈöÇáúÅöÍúÏóÇËö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÔöíÆóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ßóÇäó æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ÎóáóÞóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÍúÏöËõåóÇ æóíóÕúÑöÝõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóæóÇäöÚó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóæóßøõáõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóíúåö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú íóäúÕõÑúßõãõ Çááøóåõ ÝóáóÇ ÛóÇáöÈó áóßõãú æóÅöäú íóÎúÐõáúßõãú Ýóãóäú ÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÕõÑõßõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö æóÚóáóì Çááøóåö ÝóáúíóÊóæóßøóáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 160] .
æóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäú Úöáúãöåö æóÍõßúãöåö Ýóåõæó ÍóÞøñ. æóÞóÏú Úóáöãó æóÍóßóãó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó íõÍúÏöËõåõ åõæó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö. Ýóãóäú äóÙóÑó Åöáóì Úöáúãöåö æóÍõßúãöåö ÝóáúíóÔúåóÏö ÇáúÍõÏõæËó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÍõÏõæËö ÈöáóÇ ÓóÈóÈò ãöäúåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÔõåõæÏõåõ ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöÚöáúãöåö æóÍõßúãöåö.
Ýóãóäú ÔóåöÏó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÎóáóÞó ÇáúæóáóÏó áóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈóæóíúäö áóÓóÈúÞö Úöáúãöåö æóÍõßúãöåö ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ÔõåõæÏõåõ Úóãðì¡ Èóáú íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì - ÓóÈóÞó Úöáúãõåõ æóÍõßúãõåõ ÈöÃóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáúæóáóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÈóæóÇäö ÓóÈóÈñ Ýöí æõÌõæÏöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÓóÈóÞó Úöáúãõåõ æóÍõßúãõåõ ÈöÍõÏõæËöåö ÈöáóÇ ÓóÈóÈò. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úöáúãõåõ æóÍõßúãõåõ ÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÃóÔúåóÏó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ åöíó [Úóáóíúåö] (1) Ýöí Úöáúãöåö æóÍõßúãöåö¿ æóÇáúÚöáóáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõäúÝóì äóæúÚóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäú ÊóÚúÊóãöÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÊóÊóæóßøóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÔöÑúßñ ãõÍóÑøóãñ (2) . æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú ÊóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ ÃóãöÑúÊó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡
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(1) Úóáóíúåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) Í: ÔöÑúßñ æóãõÍóÑøóãñ.(5/367)
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÍóÑøóãñ.
Èóáú Úóáóíúßó Ãóäú ÊóÚúÈõÏóåõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóßó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÚóáóíúßó Ãóäú ÊóÊóæóßøóáó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Ãóäú íõÚöíäóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóßó Èöåö¡ æóÃóäú íóÝúÚóáó åõæó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÞúÏöÑõ ÃóäúÊó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÏõæäö ÓóÈóÈò ãöäúßó (1) ¡ ÝóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÚöáøóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÑúßó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóßó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÃóãúÑó ÅöíÌóÇÈò Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈò (2) ¡ æóãóäú ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÚöáøóÉñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú íóÌúåóáõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö [ßóãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö] (3) Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäúåõ ÚöáøóÉñ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " íóÓóáõßõ ÓóÈöíáó ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúÍóÏóËö¡ Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøöí (4) ÃóÚúÊóÞöÏõ äóÝúíó ÍõÏõæËö ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ æóÊóßúÐöíÈñ ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáÑøóÈøö æóÌóÍúÏñ áöáÕøóÇäöÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøöí ÃõÓúÞöØõ ÇáúÍóÏóËó ãöäú ÞóáúÈöí ÝóáóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏõ ãõÍúÏóËðÇ - æóåõæó ãõÑóÇÏõåõãú - ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÃõãöÑúÊõ Èöåö¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÍóÞøö.
Èóáú ÞóÏú ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÔúåóÏó Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÔúåóÏõ ÍõÏõæËó ÇáúãõÍúÏóËóÇÊö ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöåö ÈöãóÇ (5) ÎóáóÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóáöãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍößóãö (6) ¡ æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏó ÈöÞóáúÈöí ÍõÏõæËó ÔóíúÁò ÞóØøõ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " íóÝúäóì (7) ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóíóÈúÞóì (8) ãóäú áóãú íóÒõáú " Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ æ¡ í: æóÃóäú íóÝúÚóáó åõæó ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈöÏõæäö ÓóÈóÈò ãöäúßó.
(2) æ: Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ Ãóæú ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ¡ ä: Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÃóãúÑó ÅöíÌóÇÈò æóÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈò¡ ã: Èöåö ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÃóãúÑó ÅöíÌóÇÈò Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäò.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) ¡ (È) .
(4) æ: Ãóäú.
(5) æ: æóÈöãóÇ.
(6) ãöäó ÇáúÍößóãö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (í) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö.
(7) æ: Ýóäóì.
(8) æ: æóÈóÞöíó.(5/368)
íóÈúÞóì Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö [Èöåö] (1) ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó åõæó ÇáúãõÍúÏöËõ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóáöãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÍóÞøñ. æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó (2) Ãóäøöí áóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏõ ÞóØøõ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóÏöíãó ÝóÞóØú ; ÝóåóÐóÇ äóÞúÕñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ßóÇäó ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ. ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ (3) ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõÑóÇÏóåõãú ÞóÇáó (4) : " åóÐóÇ ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöÍøõ ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö¡ æóíóÕúÝõæ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóíóÌúÐöÈõ Åöáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö "¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó (5) ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ ãõÌúÊóãöÚóÉð Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÑøóÈøö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ ÕóÇÏöÑóÉñ ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö¡ áóÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõ (6) ãóËóáðÇ Úóäú ãóËóáò¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúä ãóÃúãõæÑò æóãóÍúÙõæÑò¡ æóÍóÓóäò æóÞóÈöíÍò¡ æóÃóæúáöíóÇÁö [Çááøóåö] æóÃóÚúÏóÇÆöåö (7) .
æóÇáúæõÞõæÝõ ÚöäúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóãúÚö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ØóÑöíÞö Ãóåúáö Çááøóåö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö (8) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó (9) ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóãúÚö Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÈøó ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ äóåóì Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÃóÍóÈøó åóÐóÇ¡
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(1) Èöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) ¡ (í) .
(2) æ: æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó.
(3) Í: áöãóÇ.
(4) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúåóÑóæöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ßóáóÇãõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÈóÞó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ãóäú ÊóÔúåóÏó.
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÉò ÊõÑóÌøöÍõ.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ æ: æóÃóæúáöíóÇÁó æóÃóÚúÏóÇÁò.
(8) È ÝóÞóØú: Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö.
(9) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ãóäú ÊóÔúåóÏó.(5/369)
æóÃóÈúÛóÖó åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóËóÇÈó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóÇÞóÈó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóíõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ ãóÇ ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞó (1) Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö¡ áóÇ (2) íõÔúåóÏõ ÌóãúÚðÇ ãóÍúÖðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞðÇ ãóÍúÖðÇ (3) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóíóÌúÐöÈõ Åöáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö " ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÔóÑöÈõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáøóÊöí ÔóÑöÈó ãöäúåóÇ äõÝóÇÉõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÃõäõÝñ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Úöáúãõåõ æóÍõßúãõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóæóÌóÈó æõÌõæÏõåõ. æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ áóßöäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÚóÙøöãöíäó (4) áöáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö ; ÝóÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍõßúãö íõäóÇÝöíåö¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáÔøóÑúÚó æóäóÝóæõÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑó.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑó æóäóÝóæúÇ Úóãøóäú ÔóÇåóÏóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäó ÍóÓóäóÉð íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍó ÓóíøöÆóÉð íóäúåóì ÚóäúåóÇ ; ÝóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúÞóÏóÑó¡ æóÃóÈúØóáõæÇ ÇáÔøóÑúÚó Úóãøóäú ÔóÇåóÏó ÇáúÞóÏóÑó. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉð áöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú Þóæúáö äõÝóÇÉö ÇáúÞóÏóÑö.
ÞóÇáó: " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýóåõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏñ ÇÎúÊóÕøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóåõ ÈöÞóÏóÑöåö. . . Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ßóáóÇãöåö " æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÍößóÇíóÊõåõ. ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ ßóÇáúÌõäóíúÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúãõÍúÏóËö¡ æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ Þóæúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ æóÇáúÍõáõæáõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ¡ ãóäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ åõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏõ¡ æóáóÇ íõæóÍøöÏõ
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(1) æ: æóíóÔúåóÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóáóÇ.
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞðÇ ãóÍúÖðÇ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) .
(4) æ: ãõÚóØøóáöíäó.(5/370)
Çááøóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóßõáøõ ãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö íõæóÍøöÏõ Çááøóåó Ýóåõæó ÌóÇÍöÏñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó:
ãóÇ æóÍøóÏó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò (Ãóíú ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ÛóíúÑöåö) ... ÅöÐú ßõáøõ ãóäú æóÍøóÏóåõ ÌóÇÍöÏõ
ÝóÅöäøóåõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: åõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏõ æóÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó:
ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ãóäú íóäúØöÞõ Úóäú äóÚúÊöåö ... ÚóÇÑöíóÉñ ÃóÈúØóáóåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ
íóÚúäöí ÅöÐóÇ Êóßóáøóãó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóåõæó íóÑóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäú äóÚúÊö äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÚöíÑõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóåõ¡ ÝóíóÊóßóáøóãõ Èöåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÚóÇÑöíóÉñ ÃóÈúØóáóåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ Ýóäóì Úóäú ÔõåõæÏö äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ Ýóäóì ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú¡ æóÈóÞöíó ãóäú áóãú íóÒõáú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ åõæó ÇáäøóÇØöÞõ ÈöäóÚúÊö äóÝúÓöåö¡ áóÇ ÈöäóÚúÊö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóíóßõæäõ åõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏõ æóåõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ ÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ - Ãóíú ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÅöíøóÇåõ - Ãóíú: äóÝúÓõåõ åõæó (1) ¡ ÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ åõæó¡ áóÇ ÊóæúÍöíÏó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó áóåõ) ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõæóÍøöÏõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÎúáõæÞñ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáäøóÇØöÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÎóÇÕøóÊöåö¡ áóíúÓó ÇáäøóÇØöÞõ åõæó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÓöíÍö: Åöäøó ÇááøóÇåõæÊó Êóßóáøóãó ÈöáöÓóÇäö ÇáäøóÇÓõæÊö.
æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö Ãóæú ÊóÕóæøóÑóåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÔúåóÏõ ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõæóÍøöÏò (2) ÚöäúÏóåõãú. æóÅöÐóÇ ÛóÇÈó æóÝóäóì Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ; ÝóÊóãøó áóåõ ãóÞóÇãõ ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö (3) ¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúÐöÈõåõ (4) ¡ Åöáóì ÊóæúÍöíÏö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÍóÞøõ åõæó
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ æ: åöíó.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÝóáóíúÓó íõæóÍøöÏõ.
(3) æ: Êóãøó áóåõ ãóÞóÇãõ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö ; Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÝóÊóãøó áóåõ ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö.
(4) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúÐöÈõåõ.(5/371)
ÇáäøóÇØöÞõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏõ¡ áóÇ ãõæóÍøöÏó ÛóíúÑóåõ.
æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóÕöíÑó ÇáÑøóÈøõ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ ÝóíóÊøóÍöÏõ ÇááøóÇåõæÊõ æóÇáäøóÇÓõæÊõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãó ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÓúãóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö åõæó Çááøóåõ. æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ åõãú ÑõÓõáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì (1) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ Êóßóáøóãó ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇááøóÇåõæÊö æóÇáäøóÇÓõæÊö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö æóÇáúÍõáõæáö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ íõäúÔöÏõæäó ÞóÕöíÏóÉó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÝóÇÑöÖö¡ æóíóÊóÍóáøóæúäó ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ æóíóÑóæúäó ßõáøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö åõæó ãóÌúáðì æóãóÙúåóÑñ¡ ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö Úóíúäõ ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ãóäúÙóÑðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ (2) ÃóäúÔóÏó:
íóÊóÌóáøóì Ýöí ßõáøö ØóÑúÝóÉö Úóíúäò ... ÈöáöÈóÇÓò (3) ãöäó ÇáúÌóãóÇáö ÌóÏöíÏö
æóíõäúÔöÏõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ:
åóíúåóÇÊó íóÔúåóÏõ äóÇÙöÑóíú ãóÚóßõãú Óöæóì ... ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Úóíúäõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö æóÇáúÞõæóì
(* æóíõäúÔöÏõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ:
ÃõÚóÇíöäõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÌóãóÇáóßõãú ... æóÃóÓúãóÚõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÇáúÌöåóÇÊö äöÏóÇßõãõ (4)
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(1) æ: æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì.
(2) æ: ãóÇ ÃõáöÝõæÇ Èöåö.
(3) æ: Ýöí áöÈóÇÓò.
(4) ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (í) : " æóÃóÑúÔõÝõ "¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí (í) æóíóÊúáõæåõ ÈóíóÇÖñ.(5/372)
æóÊóáúÊóÐøõ (1) Åöäú ãóÑøóÊú Úóáóì ÌóÓóÏöí íóÏöí
áöÃóäøöíó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö áóÓúÊõ ÓöæóÇßõãõ
*) (2) æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÙõåõæÑõ Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöãøóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ áóãú íõãúßöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö Ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóßóáøóãóÊú Èöåö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ Èóáú ÕóÇÑó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöãøóÇ íõÔúåóÏõ æóáóÇ íõäúØóÞõ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóãóäú ÈóÇÍó ÈöÇáÓøöÑøö ÞõÊöáó.
æóÞóÏú íóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌó áóãøóÇ ÈóÇÍó (3) ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöÑøö æóÌóÈó ÞóÊúáõåõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó (4) : " åõæó ÊóæúÍöíÏñ ÇÎúÊóÕøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóåõ ÈöÞóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÃóáóÇÍó ãöäúåõ áóÇÆöÍðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÕóÝúæóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÓóåõãú Úóäú äóÚúÊöåö¡ æóÃóÚúÌóÒóåõãú Úóäú ÈóËøöåö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÊóæúÍöíÏõ ÇáúÍóÞøö äóÝúÓóåõ (5) ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó Úöáúãõåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóßóáóÇãõåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÔóåöÏó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 18] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Åöäøóäöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúäöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øóå: 14] ; ÝóÐóÇßó ÕöÝóÊõåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉõ Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ãöäú ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÐóÇÊó ÇáÑøóÈøö æóíóäúÊóÞöáõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÕöÝóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö áóÇ ÊõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÐóÇÊóåõ æóÊóäúÊóÞöáõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¿ ! .
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(1) ã: æóÃóáúÊóÐøõ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÃóÈóÇÍó.
(4) ä: æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÞóÇáó.
(5) Í¡ È: áöäóÝúÓöåö.(5/373)
æóáóßöäú åõæó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - íõäóÒøöáõ (1) Úóáóì ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåö ãöäú Úöáúãöåö æóßóáóÇãöåö ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó (3) ¡ æóåõæó ßóáóÇãõåõ¡ Úóáóì ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ -: {ÔóåöÏó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ æóÃõæáõæ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 18] ¡ Ýóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóÔúåóÏõ áöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáúæóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÔúåóÏõæäó¡ æóÃõæáõæ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö íóÔúåóÏõæäó¡ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÇÊõ ãõÊóØóÇÈöÞóÉñ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÞóÉñ.
æóÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ åöíó åóÐöåö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äóæúÚõåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó äóÝúÓõ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö åöíó äóÝúÓõ ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ æóáóßöäøó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö åõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÑóÄõåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ æóåõæó ßóáóÇãõåõ - ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - ãóÓúãõæÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛöíäó áóåõ¡ áóíúÓó ÊöáóÇæóÉõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö áóåõ æóÓóãóÇÚõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÓóãúÚö ãõæÓóì áóåõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÈöáóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõæÓóì ÓóãöÚó äóÝúÓó ßóáóÇãö ÇáÑøóÈøö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ ßóáóÇãó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ßóáóÇãó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÓóãöÚõæåõ ãõÈóáøöÛðÇ Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ (4) ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ßóáóÇãó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÈóáøóÛðÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áöÑóÓõæáöåö: {ÈóáøöÛú ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóíúßó ãöäú ÑóÈøößó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 67] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {áöíóÚúáóãó Ãóäú ÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛõæÇ ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌöäøö: 28] .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÈóáøöÛõæÇ Úóäøöí [æóáóæú ÂíóÉð] » " (5) . æóÞóÇáó:
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(1) æ: äóÒøóáó.
(2) æ¡ ã: ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó¡ æ: ãóÇ äóÒøóáóåõ.
(3) ã: ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö.
(4) æ: ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó.
(5) æóáóæú ÂíóÉð: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (æ) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóäóÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " ÈóáøöÛõæÇ Úóäøöí æóáóæú ÂíóÉð¡ æóÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó¡ æóãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö "¡ æóåõæó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/170¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/147 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 9/250 - 251¡ 11/127¡ 207(5/374)
" «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð ÓóãöÚó ãöäøóÇ (1) ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÝóÈóáøóÛóåõ Åöáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ; ÝóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝóÞúåò ÛóíúÑö ÝóÞöíåò (2) ¡ æóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò Åöáóì ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäúåõ» " (3) . æóÞóÇáó: " «ÃóáóÇ ÑóÌõáñ íóÍúãöáõäöí Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö áöÃõÈóáøöÛó ßóáóÇãó ÑóÈøöí¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ÞóÏú ãóäóÚõæäöí Ãóäú ÃõÈóáøöÛó ßóáóÇãó ÑóÈøöí» " (4) .
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " æóÃóáóÇÍó ãöäúåõ áóÇÆöÍðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÕóÝúæóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÓóåõãú Úóäú äóÚúÊöåö¡ æóÃóÚúÌóÒóåõãú Úóäú ÈóËøöåö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÕóÝúæóÊöåö åõãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõåõãõ ÇáÑøõÓõáõ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö Ãõæáõæ ÇáúÚóÒúãö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóãóÇ ÃóáóÇÍóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýóåõæó Ãóßúãóáõ ÊóæúÍöíÏò ÚóÑöÝóåõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ¡ æóåõãú ÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóäóÚóÊõæåõ æóÈóËøõæåõ¡ æóãóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóØøõ Ãóäú íóäúÞõáó Úóäú äóÈöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: ãöäøöí.
(2) Í¡ È: ÝöÞúåò Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÝóÞöíåò.
(3) æóÑóÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò æóÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚóãò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/141 - 142 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóì ÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÏöíËõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/438¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö äóÔúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/84 - 86 (ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÈóáøóÛó ÚöáúãðÇ) ¡ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/225
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/324 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/255 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ßóíúÝó ßóÇäóÊú ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ".(5/375)
æóÇÑöËö äóÈöíøò¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ ÊóæúÍöíÏðÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáäøõØúÞõ Èöåö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ÇáúÞóáúÈõ Ãóãúßóäó ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Úóäúåõ¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóÇÌöÒñ Úóäú Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó ãóÇ ÚóÑøóÝóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÊóæúÍöíÏöåö. ÝóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÇÆöÍö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ äóÝúÓõåõ åõæó ÇáúãõæóÍøöÏõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö ÕóÝúæóÊöåö áöÇÊøöÍóÇÏöåö Èöåöãú¡ Ãóæú Íõáõæáöåö Ýöíåöãú. ÝóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÔóÑúÚðÇ æóÚóÞúáðÇ.
æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøóåõ íõÚóÑøöÝõ ÕóÝúæóÊóåõ ãöäú ÊóæúÍöíÏöåö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÑøöÝõåõ ÛóíúÑóåõãú. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÍóÞøñ¡ áóßöäú ãóÇ ÞóÇãó ÈöÞõáõæÈöåöãú áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáÑøóÈøö [ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö] ÊóÚóÇáóì (1) ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö æóãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ æóÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ.
æóÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÇáúãóËóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóíõÝóÓøóÑõ Èöåö Þóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóáóåõ ÇáúãóËóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 27] Ãóíú Ýöí ÞõáõæÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúãöËóÇáõ ÇáúÍõÈøöíøõ æóÇáúãöËóÇáõ ÇáúÚöáúãöíøõ (2) . æóÞóÏú íõÎóíøóáõ áöäóÇÞöÕö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉð ÊóÇãøóÉð¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Ýóäöíó Ýöí ÍõÈøöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÔúåóÏó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ãóäøó äóÝúÓó ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö ÕóÇÑó (3) Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóÇáöØñ (4) Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó: ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö (5) ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáÑøóÈøö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -¡ È: áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö¡ Í¡ Ñ¡ æ¡ í: áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáÑøóÈøö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö.
(2) æ: ÇáúãöËóÇáõ ÇáúÚóáöíøõ æóÇáúãöËóÇáõ ÇáúÍöÓøöíøõ.
(3) ä: ÕóÇÑóÊú.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóåóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö.(5/376)
ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó. æóáóßöäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö åõæó ãöËóÇáõåõ.
æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí¡ æóÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÝõÄóÇÏöí¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãöËóÇáõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúäö ÐóÇÊóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÐóÇÊóåõ ãõäúÝóÕöáóÉñ Úóäúåõ. ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóäúÊó Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíú¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöí (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ãöËóÇáõßó Ýöí Úóíúäöí æóÐößúÑõßó Ýöí Ýóãöí ... æóãóËúæóÇßó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí ÝóßóíúÝó ÊóÛöíÈõ (2)
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ:
ÓóÇßöäñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö íóÚúãõÑõåõ ... áóÓúÊõ ÃóäúÓóÇåõ ÝóÃóÐúßõÑõåõ
ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ÓóÇßöäðÇ ÚóÇãöÑðÇ áöáúÞóáúÈö áóÇ íõäúÓóì¡ æóáóãú íõÑöÏú Ãóäøó ÐóÇÊóåõ ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ßóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ (3) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÇáÓøóÇßöäõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ åõæó ÇáúãöËóÇáõ ÇáúÚöáúãöíøõ. (* æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ:
æóãöäú ÚóÌóÈò Ãóäøöí ÃóÍöäøõ Åöáóíúåöãõ ... æóÃóÓúÃóáõ Úóäúåõãú ãóäú áóÞöíÊõ æóåõãú ãóÚöí
æóÊóØúáõÈõåõãú Úóíúäöí æóåõãú Ýöí ÓóæóÇÏöåóÇ ... æóíóÔúÊóÇÞõåõãú ÞóáúÈöí æóåõãú Èóíúäó ÃóÖúáõÚöí *) (4)
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " ÇáúÞóáúÈõ ÈóíúÊõ ÇáÑøóÈøö " æóãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " ãóÇ æóÓöÚóÊúäöí ÃóÑúÖöí æóáóÇ ÓóãóÇÆöí¡ æóáóßöäú æóÓöÚóäöí ÞóáúÈõ ÚóÈúÏöíó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö¡ ÇáÊøóÞöíøõ ÇáäøóÞöíøõ¡ ÇáúæóÑöÚõ (5) Çááøóíøöäõ (6) "¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: ÏóÇÆöãðÇ Ýöí áöÓóÇäöí.
(2) æ: ÝóÃóíúäó ÊóÛöíÈõ.
(3) æ: ÌõÚöáóÊú Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ßóãóÇ íóÌúÚóáõ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(5) ÇáúæóÑöÚõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇáúæóÇÑöÚõ.
(6) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÌúáõæäöíøõ Ýöí " ßóÔúÝö ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö " 2/195: " ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÍúíóÇÁö " (Ãóíö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ) ¡ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: áóãú íóÓóÚúäöí ÓóãóÇÆöí æóáóÇ ÃóÑúÖöí¡ æóæóÓöÚóäöí ÞóáúÈõ ÚóÈúÏöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Çááøóíøöäö ÇáúæóÇÏöÚö - ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌöåö: áóãú ÃóÑó áóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ. æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Ýöí " ÇáÏøõÑóÑö " ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÚöÌúáõæäöíøõ ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: " æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó: åõæó ãóÐúßõæÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - "¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " æóÞóÇáó Ýöí " ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö " ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö Ýöí " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ": áóíúÓó áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÇáÏøõÑóÑö ÇáúãõäúÊóËöÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÔúÊóåöÑóÉö " Õ 175 ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö áõØúÝöí ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö¡ Ø. ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö 1403/1983¡ æóÈóíøóäó ÇáÏßÊæÑ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö.(5/377)
äóÝúÓóåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ßõáøö ÚóÈúÏò¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊõåõ.
æóÇáäøóÇÆöãõ íóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ íõÎóÇØöÈõåõ æóíõÔóÇåöÏõåõ¡ æóíõÌúÑöí ãóÚóåõ ÝõÕõæáðÇ (1) ¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÑúÆöíøõ ÞóÇÚöÏñ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ãóíøöÊñ Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóÃóì ãöËóÇáóåõ. æóßóÐóáößó íóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãöÑúÂÉö ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó æóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈó æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ æóíóÑóÇåóÇ ÊóßóÈõÑõ ÈößöÈóÑö ÇáúãóÑúÂÉö¡ æóÊóÕúÛõÑõ ÈöÕöÛóÑöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÓúÊóÏöíÑó ÈöÇÓúÊöÏóÇÑóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÕöÝõæÇ ÈöÕóÝóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóÊöáúßó ãöËóÇáõ ÇáúãóÑúÆöíøóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉö ÈöÇáúãöÑúÂÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÕöÑú ÐóÇÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãöÑúÂÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÎóÇØóÈóäöí ãóÑøóÉð ÔóíúÎñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌó ÞóÇáó: " ÃóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ " ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÇáúÍóáøóÇÌö: Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÞóÇáó: {ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 24] æóåõæó íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì äóÝúÓöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌõ ÝóßóÇäó ÝóÇäöíðÇ (2) Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ äóØóÞó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö. ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÃóÝóÕóÇÑó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌö íóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö ßóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãóÕúÑõæÚö¿ !
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(1) æ: ÝõÕõæáñ.
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ.(5/378)
(1 æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÈóÇÆöäñ Úóäú ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö (1) 1) ¡ ÝóÞóáúÈõ (2) ÇáúÍóáøóÇÌö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ßóíúÝó íóÓóÚõ ÐóÇÊó ÇáúÍóÞøö¿ ! Ëõãøó ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÌóÓóÏö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóíóÔúÛóáõ (3) ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÚúÖóÇÆöåö¡ (4 æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÇáúãóÕúÑõæÚõ áóÇ íõÍöÓøõ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ æóíóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈöÃóÚúÖóÇÆöåö (4) 4) ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÝóÞóØú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóáúÈó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚóÑóÖñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö¡ áóíúÓó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÑõæÍõåõ.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú íóÏøóÚõæäó (5) Ãóäøó ÐóÇÊó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÞóÇãóÊú ÈöÞóáúÈöåö ÝóÞóØú¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö (6) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÇáúÎóÇáöÞö Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ¿ ! .
æóÞóÏú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ: ÓóãöÚó Çááøóåõ áöãóäú ÍóãöÏóåõ. ÝóÞõæáõæÇ: ÑóÈøóäóÇ¡ æóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ» " (7) ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö äóÈöíøöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÓóãöÚó Çááøóåõ áöãóäú ÍóãöÏóåõ» ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãõ: ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÑöÏú ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍõáõæáö
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÞõáúÊõ¡ æ: æóÞõáúÊõ.
(3) æ: æóíóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ.
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (æ) .
(5) æ: ÞóÏú íóÒúÚõãõæäó.
(6) æ: ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö.
(7) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ - æóåóÐöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ãõÓúáöãò - " ÅöÐóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊõãú ÝóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÕõÝõæÝóßõãú¡ Ëõãøó áöíóÄõãøóßõãú ÃóÍóÏõßõãú. . "¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/303 - 305 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/75 - 76 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãõÈóÇÏöÑóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö) 2/192 - 193 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóØúÈöíÞö ÈóÇÈõ äóæúÚò ÂÎóÑó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö) .(5/379)
æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÈóáøóÛóßõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóßõãú Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúãóÚõ (1) ÏõÚóÇÁó ãóäú ÍóãöÏóåõ ÝóÇÍúãóÏõæåõ ÃóäúÊõãú¡ æóÞõæáõæÇ: ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ; ÍóÊøóì íóÓúãóÚó Çááøóåõ áóßõãú ÏõÚóÇÁóßõãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóãúÏó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÓóÈóÈñ áöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúãõÑúÓöáõ áöÑóÓõæáöåö: Þõáú Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöí ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ áöãõÑúÓöáöåö: ÞõáúÊõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäößó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúãõÑúÓöáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÞõáúÊõ áóßõãú Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÑóÓõæáöí (2) ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÈóÔóÑò Ãóäú íõßóáøöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíðÇ Ãóæú ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÍöÌóÇÈò Ãóæú íõÑúÓöáó ÑóÓõæáðÇ ÝóíõæÍöíó ÈöÅöÐúäöåö ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 51] ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó ÑóÓõæáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÉò¡ ßóÇäó ãõßóáøöãðÇ áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÈóíøöäðÇ áóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÏú äóÈøóÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 94] Ãóíú: ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö. æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃúäóÇåõ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚú ÞõÑúÂäóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: 18] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {äóÊúáõæÇ Úóáóíúßó ãöäú äóÈóÅö ãõæÓóì æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 3] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {äóÍúäõ äóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúßó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕö ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö áóãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÝöáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæÓõÝó: 3] .
ÝóßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáÊøöáóÇæóÉõ æóÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ æóÇáúÞóÕóÕõ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÌöÈúÑöíáó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íõßóáøöãõ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÑóÓõæáò íõÑúÓöáõåõ¡ ÝóíõæÍöí ÈöÅöÐúäöåö ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÈöáóÝúÙö
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(1) È ÝóÞóØú: ÓóãöÚó.
(2) Í: ÑóÓõæáößõãú.(5/380)
ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáúãõØóÇÚõ ÈöÌõäúÏöåö íõÞóÇáõ Ýöíåö: äóÍúäõ äóÝúÚóáõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÑõÓõáõ Çááøóåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ æóíóÃúãõÑõ Èöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ æóÃóãóÑó Èöåö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÑõÓõáöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: äóÍúäõ ÝóÚóáúäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃúäóÇåõ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚú ÞõÑúÂäóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: 18] .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÌúãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈößó¡ Ëõãøó Ãóäú (1) äóÞúÑóÃóåõ ÈöáöÓóÇäößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÇÓúÊóãöÚú áóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÑõÛó (2) .
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó (3) Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÌóáú ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Ãóäú íõÞúÖóì Åöáóíúßó æóÍúíõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 114] Ãóíú: áóÇ ÊóÚúÌóáú ÈöÊöáóÇæóÉö ãóÇ íóÞúÑóÄõåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóíúßó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Ãóäú íóÞúÖöíó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÊöáóÇæóÊóåõ¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóãöÚú áóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÞúÖöíó (4) ÊöáóÇæóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó
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(1) Ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö -¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/4 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúæóÍúíö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÈóÏúÁõ ÇáúæóÍúíö. .) ¡ 6/163 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö) 9/152 - 153 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: áóÇ ÊõÍóÑøößõ Èöåö áöÓóÇäóßó. .) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/330 - 331 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöãóÇÚö áöáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 3/278¡ (ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ) 5/69 æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑò (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö) 5/312¡ 8/303 - 304 æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/163) : " ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöÐóÇ äóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íõÍóÑøößõ Èöåö áöÓóÇäóåõ æóÔóÝóÊóíúåö ÝóíóÔúÊóÏøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÂíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí (áóÇ ÃõÞúÓöãõ Èöíóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö) : áóÇ ÊõÍóÑøößú Èöåö áöÓóÇäóßó áöÊóÚúÌóáó Èöåö Åöäøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÌóãúÚóåõ æóÞõÑúÂäóåõ [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: 16¡ 17] ÞóÇáó: ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÌúãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑößó (æóÞõÑúÂäóåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃúäóÇåõ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚú ÞõÑúÂäóåõ) ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóãöÚ (Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈóíóÇäóåõ) ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÈóíøöäóåõ ÈöáöÓóÇäößó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÃóØúÑóÞó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÞóÑóÃóåõ ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ ".
(3) Í¡ È: ßóãóÇ Þöíáó.
(4) Í¡ È: ÊõÞúÖóì.(5/381)
ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇÞúÑóÃú ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ (1) Åöáóíúßó¡ æóÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äóÌúãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÞóáúÈößó¡ æóÃóäú ÊóÞúÑóÃóåõ ÈöáöÓóÇäößó¡ Ëõãøó Ãóäú ÊõÈóíøöäóåõ (2) áöáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÐóåóÇÈö ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóäúßó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " æóÇáøóÐöí íõÔóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö Úóáóì ÃóáúÓõäö ÇáúãõÔöíÑöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÍóÏóËö (3) ¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÞöÏóãö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãõÑóÇÏõåõãú ÈöåóÐóÇ äóÝúíõ ÇáúãõÍúÏóËö (4) ¡ Ãóíú: áóíúÓó åõäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåóíúäö. ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö äóÝúíõ ÇáúãõÍúÏóËö (5) ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó åõæó ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÔóÑøñ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÑöíÈñ Åöáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúíóÚúÞõæÈöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúíóÚúÞõæÈöíøóÉó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäö ÇááøóÇåõæÊó æóÇáäøóÇÓõæÊó ÇãúÊóÒóÌóÇ æóÇÎúÊóáóØóÇ ÝóÕóÇÑóÇ ÌóæúåóÑðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÃõÞúäõæãðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóØóÈöíÚóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúíóÏóíúäö ÇááøóÊóíúäö ÓóãøóÑóÊóÇ (6) åõãóÇ ÇáúíóÏóÇäö ÇááøóÊóÇäö ÎõáöÞó ÈöåöãóÇ ÂÏóãõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøõÓúØõæÑöíøóÉõ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÍõáõæáö ÇááøóÇåõæÊö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓõæÊö¡ æóÇáúãóáóßóÇäöíøóÉõ (7) íóÞõæáõæäó: ÔóÎúÕñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ áóåõ ÃõÞúäõæãñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÈöØóÈöíÚóÊóíúäö æóãóÔöíÆóÊóíúäö (8) . æóíõÔóÈøöåõæäóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíÏóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáäøõÓúØõæÑöíøóÉõ íõÔóÈøöåõæäóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÙøõÑõæÝö¡ æóÇáúíóÚúÞõæÈöíøóÉõ íõÔóÈøöåõæäóåõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇØö ÇáúãóÇÁö æóÇááøóÈóäö¡ æóÇáúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÎóãúÑö (9) .
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó.
(2) æ: Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÈóíøöäóåõ.
(3) È¡ ã: ÇáúÍõÏõæËõ.
(4) æ: ÇáúÍóÏóËö.
(5) Í: ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó äóÝúíñ áöáúÍóÏóËö.
(6) ä: ÔóãøóÑúäóÇ
(7) Í: æóÇáúãóáóßöíøóÉõ.
(8) æ: æóäöÓúÈóÊóíúäö.
(9) È ÝóÞóØú: æóÇáúÍõãúÑö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúíóÚúÞõæÈöíøóÉö æóÇáäøõÓúØõæÑöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóáóßóÇäöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö áöáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö 1/203 - 208 ÇáúÝöÕóáö Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö 1/110 - 132 æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö áöãóäú ÈóÏøóáó Ïöíäó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö " áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ø. ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1379/1959(5/382)
ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " ÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÍõÏõæËö " (1) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍúÏóËó ÚóÏóãñ ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÅöÓúÞóÇØó ÇáúãõÍúÏóËö ãöäú ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ ; ÝóåóÐóÇ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÐóÇÊõ ÇáúÞóÏöíãö Ýóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøõÓúØõæÑöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Èöåö æóÊóæúÍöíÏõåõ¡ Ãóæú Þöíáó: ãöËúáõåõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãöËúáõ (2) ÇáúÚöáúãöíøõ¡ Ãóæú äõæÑõåõ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞõáõæÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ãóãúáõæÁóÉñ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÐóÇÊõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÕöÝóÇÊõåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉõ Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö.
æóÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó áóãú íõÑöÏú åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ÈöÊóßúÝöíÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÇáúÍõáõæáöíøóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÈöÐóÇÊöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóßóÇäò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóÇÍó ãöäúåõ áóÇÆöÍðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÕóÝúæóÊöåö ".
[ÇáßáÇã Úáì ÑÄíÉ Çááå ÊÚÇáì]
æóÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ æóÇáúÍõáõæáõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÈøóÇÏö æóÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ (3) íóÝúÌóÄõåõãú ãóÇ íóÚúÌöÒõæäó Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö¡ æóÊóÖúÚõÝõ ÚõÞõæáõåõãú Úóäú ÊóãúíöíÒöåö¡ ÝóíóÙõäøõæäóåõ ÐóÇÊó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì Çááøóåó ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú íóÍúßöí ãõÎóÇØóÈóÇÊöåö (4) áóåõ¡ æóãõÚóÇÊóÈóÇÊöåö (5) . æóÐóÇßó ßõáøõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäó
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(1) æ: ÇáúãõÍúÏóËö.
(2) Í: Ãóæú ãöËúáõ¡ È: Ãóæö ÇáúãöËóÇáõ.
(3) Í¡ È: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú.
(4) Í¡ È: ãõÎóÇØóÈóÊóåõ.
(5) Í¡ È: æóãõÚóÇÊóÈóÊóåõ¡ ä¡ ã: æóãõÚóÇíóäóÇÊöåö.(5/383)
ÇáúãöËóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÅöíãóÇäöåöãú Èöåö.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÇáúãöËóÇáó ÇáúÚöáúãöíøó ÑõÄúíóÉõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì (1) Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÑóì Ýöí ÕõæóÑò (2) ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ íóÑóÇåõ ßõáøõ ÚóÈúÏò (3) Úóáóì ÍóÓóÈö ÅöíãóÇäöåö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÚúÙóãó ÅöíãóÇäðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÃóÍúÓóäö ÕõæÑóÉò¡ æóåöíó ÑõÄúíóÉõ ãóäóÇãò ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ äóØóÞóÊú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉõ Úóäúåõ (4) ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ áóíúáóÉõ ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ áóíúáóÉó ÇáúãöÚúÑóÇÌö¡ áóßöäú Ñõæöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì Ýöí " ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö " (5) ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö åõæó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) æ: ÑõÄúíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÞøö.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÕõæÑóÉò.
(3) ßõáøõ ÚóÈúÏò ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: íóÑóÇåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ.
(4) Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/201 (ÑóÞóãú 2580) ¡ 221 (ÑóÞúãõ 2634) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÈøöí ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì ". æóÕóÍøóÍó ÃóÍúãóÏú ÔóÇßöÑú ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö æóÞóÇáó: " æóåõæó Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 1/78 æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö "¡ æóÚóÞóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò Ýöí " ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " ÝóÕúáðÇ ÈöÚõäúæóÇäö " ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäú ÑõÄúíóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÈøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì " (Õ 188 - 193) ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöäúåóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (ÑóÞúãõ 433) æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æÇáúÂÌõÑøöíøõ (Õ 494) æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö " (Õ 444) æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ Ýöí " ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑóÉö "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö Úóáóì ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóáøóÞó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 3/168 Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ßóãóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ".
(5) ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì 1/142 æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ " ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö "¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈÑæßáãÇä GAL ÇáúãõáúÍóÞó 3/503 æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ. Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÙóåóÑó ãóÎúØõæØðÇ ãõÄóÎøóÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÑöÓóÇáóÉò áöáÏøõßúÊõæÑóÇÉö (ÏöÑóÇÓóÉñ æóÊóÍúÞöíÞñ) ãõÞóÏøóãóÉñ Åöáóì ÞöÓúãö ÇáúÚóÞöíÏóÉö ÈößõáøöíøóÉö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ÈöÌóÇãöÚóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓõÚõæÏò ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö.(5/384)
æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÞõæáõ: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÝõÄóÇÏöåö ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñóæóì ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÃóì ÑóÈøóåõ ÈöÝõÄóÇÏöåö (1) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò: «Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: åóáú ÑóÃóíúÊó ÑóÈøóßó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " äõæÑñ Ãóäøóì ÃóÑóÇåõ» (2) . æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó (3) : " äóÚóãú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ "¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÓóÃóáóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóãú ÃóÑóåõ " Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÌöíÈõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõäóÒøóåñ Úóäú Ðóáößó (4) .
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(1) ÐóßóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóì ßóáóÇãò ãõãóÇËöáò áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí " ÏóÑúÁö ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " 8/42 Ãóäøóäöí ÈóÍóËúÊõ Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó " ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäú ØóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö "¡ Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ. æóÞõáúÊõ: " æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö " (ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Îóáöíá åóÑøóÇÓ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ø. ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1387 1968) Õ 208 æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãóäöíÚò ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ åõÔóíúãñ¡ ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑñ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÒóÇÐóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÇáÑøöÔúßö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ åõÔóíúãñ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÈóÃó ãóäúÕõæÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÇáÑøöÔúßö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö æóáóãú íóÑóåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ".
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/636 - 637
(3) æó: ÓóÃóáóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö áöáúÂÌõÑøöíøö ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏ ÍóÇãöÏ ÇáúÝöÞöí ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ø. ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÍóãøóÏöíøóÉö 1369 1950 Õ 491 - 497 (æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏ ÍóÇãöÏ) ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö áöÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó Õ 197 - 230 æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Õ 433 - 447 ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏ ÒóÇåöÏ ÇáúßóæúËóÑöíøõ Ø. ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö 1358(5/385)
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÝõÄóÇÏöåö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö (1) . æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÞõæáõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÑóÂåõ. ÝóíõØúáöÞõ (2) ÇááøóÝúÙó æóáóÇ íõÞóíøöÏõåõ ÈöÚóíúäò æóáóÇ ÞóáúÈò (* ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõ Þóæúáó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÑóÂåõ. æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÚóíúäò æóáóÇ ÞóáúÈò *) (3) ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇÔóÑõæåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ äóÞóáõæåõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " æóÛóíúÑöåö (4) .
æóßóÐóáößó áóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÑóÂåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö "¡ Èóáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Úóäúåõ ÅöãøóÇ ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÝõÄóÇÏö.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì (5) æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ËóáóÇËó ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò Ýöí ÑõÄúíóÊöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÅöÍúÏóÇåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑõæÇ Ðóáößó. æóßóÐóáößó ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ. æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóäú
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(1) Ñóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 1/158 - 159 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì) ÃóËóÑóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö æóÇáËøóÇäöí¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: (ãóÇ ßóÐóÈó ÇáúÝõÄóÇÏõ ãóÇ ÑóÃóì) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 11] (æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö: 13] ÞóÇáó: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÝõÄóÇÏöåö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 5/70 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÌúãö) ÃóËóÑðÇ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßóÐóÈó ÇáúÝõÄóÇÏõ ãóÇ ÑóÃóì ÞóÇáó: ÑóÂåõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ "¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 3/294 Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: " æóäóÓóÈóåõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõÑøö ÇáúãóäúËõæÑö 6/124 ÃóíúÖðÇ áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ".
(2) Í¡ È: æóíõØúáöÞõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(4) áóÚóáøó ßóáóÇãó ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ áöÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ".
(5) ä: ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(5/386)
ÃóÍúãóÏó áóÝúÙðÇ ÕóÑöíÍðÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóäúÞõæáó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáäøõÞõæáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÅöãøóÇ ÊóÞúíöíÏõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö ÈöÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÞúíöíÏõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóíúäö Ýóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú áóÇ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó æóáóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú Óöæóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáÓøóáóÝö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÑóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúßõãú áóäú íóÑóì ÑóÈøóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóãõæÊó» " (1) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áöÈóÓúØöåö ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇáößöíäó íóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ãóÇ íóÕúØóáöãõåõ (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÙõäøó Ãóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó íóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ íóÑóì ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÔóÇåöÏõæäóåõ æóíõÎóÇØöÈõæäóåõ åõæó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãóäú íóÑóì ÚóÑúÔðÇ Úóáóíúåö äõæÑñ¡ æóíóÑóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó
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(1) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò 4/2245 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÃóÔúÑóÇØö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇÈúäö ÕóíøóÇÏò) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò: æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó íóæúãó ÍóÐøóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó: " Åöäøóåõ ãóßúÊõæÈñ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ íóÞúÑóÄõåõ ãóäú ßóÑöåó Úóãóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÞúÑóÄõåõ ßõáøõ ãõÄúãöäò ". æóÞóÇáó: " ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íóÑóì ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú ÑóÈøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÍóÊøóì íóãõæÊó ". æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/345 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö) ¡ æóÝöíåö: " ÊóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íóÑóì. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ".
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÔóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇÕúØöáóÇÍóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö " (ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ï. ãõÍóãøóÏ ßóãóÇá ÌóÚúÝóÑ¡ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉõ ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö 1981) Õ 30 " ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇãõ ": åõæó Çáúæóáóåõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóåõæó ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäó ÇáúåóíóãóÇäö ". æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò Ýöí ÑöÓóÇáóÉö " ÇÕúØöáóÇÍóÇÊö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö " Õ 240: " ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇãõ: äóæúÚõ æóáóåò íóÑöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÝóíóÓúßõäõ ÊóÍúÊó ÓõáúØóÇäöåö ".(5/387)
Íóæúáó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ æóÊöáúßó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ Íóæúáóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì åóÐóÇ áöÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò.
[ÝóÕúáñ ÇáßáÇã Úáì ãÍÈÉ Çááå ÊÚÇáì]
(ÝóÕúáñ)
æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó¡ æóÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÛóíúÑóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÍóÈøóÉó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áöÑóÈøöåöãú ÃóãúÑñ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõáõæÈö (1) æóÇáúÝöØóÑö¡ ÔóåöÏó Èöåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó Úóäú ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáÕøóÝúæóÉö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇááøóåö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáúÊöÐóÇÐó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ áóÐøóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó äóÇÏóì ãõäóÇÏò íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: Åöäøó áóßõãú ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ãóæúÚöÏðÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõäúÌöÒóßõãõæåõ. ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ åõæó¿ Ãóáóãú íõÈóíøöÖú æõÌõæåóäóÇ¡ æóíõËóÞøöáú ãóæóÇÒöíäóäóÇ¡ æóíõÏúÎöáúäóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóíõÌöÑúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóßúÔöÝõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈó ÝóíóäúÙõÑõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö. æóåõæó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ» " (2) .
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: " «ÃóÓúÃóáõßó áóÐøóÉó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì æóÌúåößó¡ æóÇáÔøóæúÞó Åöáóì áöÞóÇÆößó¡ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÖóÑøóÇÁó ãõÖöÑøóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÝöÊúäóÉò ãõÖöáøóÉò» (3) ".
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(1) ä: ÇáúÞóáúÈö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/166
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/114 - 115¡ 3/166 - 167(5/388)
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: " «ÝóãóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö» " íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇááøóÐøóÉó ÇáúÍóÇÕöáóÉó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ßõáøö áóÐøóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ íóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÈöÐößúÑö Çááøóåö¡ æóÐößúÑö ãóÍóÇãöÏöåö¡ æóÂáóÇÆöåö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ ãöäó ÇááøóÐøóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÏõåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÌõÚöáóÊú ÞõÑøóÉõ Úóíúäöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö» " (1) ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " «ÃóÑöÍúäóÇ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ» " (2) æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " «ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑóÑúÊõãú
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóäóÕøõåõ: " ÍõÈøöÈó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÏõäúíóÇßõãõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ æóÇáØøöíÈõ æóÌõÚöáóÊú ÞõÑøóÉõ Úóíúäöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö "¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 7/58 - 60 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÚöÔúÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍõÈøö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " ÍõÈøöÈó Åöáóíøó ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/128 - 119 - 285 æóÃóÖóÇÝó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö " 3/87 æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì " ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö " áöáÊøöÈúÑöíÒöíøö 2/669 (Ø. ÇáúãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö ÏöãóÔúÞó 1381 1961) : " æóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóåóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì æóåöíó " ËóáóÇËñ " æóáóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Èóáú åöíó ãõÝúÓöÏóÉñ áöáúãóÚúäóì ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ". æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÚóäö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö " 2/118 - 119
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ æó: ÃóÑöÍúäóÇ ÈöåóÇ íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÏóÇæõÏó 4/406 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÊóãóÉö) æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ - ÞóÇáó ãöÓúÚóÑñ: ÃóÑóÇåõ ãöäú ÎõÒóÇÚóÉó -: áóíúÊóäöí ÕóáøóíúÊõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÑóÍúÊõ¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõãú ÚóÇÈõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: " íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÃóÑöÍúäóÇ ÈöåóÇ ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/364 Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇäúØóáóÞúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈöí Åöáóì ÕöåúÑò áóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö äóÚõæÏõåõ¡ ÝóÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáöåö: íóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöæóÖõæÁò áóÚóáøöí ÃõÕóáøöí ÝóÃóÓúÊóÑöíÍó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóäúßóÑúäóÇ Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: " Þõãú íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ ÝóÃóÑöÍúäóÇ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 5/371 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ãöÔúßóÇÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö " 1/393 æóÝöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 6/284(5/389)
ÈöÑöíóÇÖö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÇÑúÊóÚõæÇ ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóÇ ÑöíóÇÖõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ãóÌóÇáöÓõ ÇáÐøößúÑö» " (1) . æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõåõ: " «ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÈóíúÊöí æóãöäúÈóÑöí ÑóæúÖóÉñ ãöäú ÑöíóÇÖö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» " (2) ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãóÌóÇáöÓö ÇáÐøößúÑö.
æóÇáúãõäúßöÑõæäó áöÑõÄúíóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÊõäúßöÑõ åóÐöåö ÇááøóÐøóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú íõÝóÓøöÑõåóÇ ãóäú íóÊóÃóæøóáõ (3) ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉó ÈöãóÒöíÏö ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì áóÐøóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö¡ ßóÇááøóÐøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöÐößúÑöåö¡ áóßöäú Êöáúßó Ãóßúãóáõ.
æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ãõÊóÕóæøöÝóÉö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö æóÇáäøõÝóÇÉö¡ ßóÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöí¡ æóßóÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö ãöäó " ÇáúÅöÍúíóÇÁö " æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú áóÐøóÉö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì æóÌúåöåö åõæó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì (4) ¡ [æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉõ ÊõËúÈöÊõ ÇááøóÐøóÉó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò ÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöíøõ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/194 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ãöäúåõ) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ËóÇÈöÊò Úóäú ÃóäóÓò) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/150
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÇáúãóÇÒöäöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/61 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÈúÑö æóÇáúãöäúÈóÑö) ¡ æóåõæó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/23 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ Úóäú íóÍúíóì. . .) æóÒóÇÏó æóãöäúÈóÑöí Úóáóì ÍóæúÖöí 8/121 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóæúÖö) 9/105 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. .) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/376 - 377 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
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(4) íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Úóáóì áóÐøóÉö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÍúíóÇÁö " 14/62 - 76 ÝóíóÞõæáõ: 14 " 62 ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇááøóÐøóÇÊö ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöáúÅöÏúÑóÇßóÇÊö "¡ æóíõÝóÕøöáõ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÞúØóÉö¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ 14/64: " æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó áóÐöíÐñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóáóÐøó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÈöÕöÝóÇÊöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóÊóÏúÈöíÑöåö Ýöí ãóãúáóßóÊöåö ãöäú ãõäúÊóåóì ÚóÑúÔöåö Åöáóì ÊõÎõæãö ÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó. ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó áóÐøóÉó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇááøóÐøóÇÊö ÃóÚúäöí áóÐøóÉó ÇáÔøóåúæóÉö æóÇáúÛóÖóÈö. ÅöáóÎú Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ 14/70: " ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÏúÑóßóÇÊö ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóíóÇáö. . . æóÅöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóíóÇáö¡ ßóÐóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóßõáøõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÌöÓúãò¡ ßóÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ. . Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó 14/71 " æóæóÇÝóì ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó æóÞúÊñ ãõÈúåóãñ. .¡ áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö íóÊóÌóáøóì ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóíóÊóÌóáøóì áóåõ ÊóÌóáøöíðÇ íóßõæäõ ÇäúßöÔóÇÝõ ÊóÌóáøöíåö ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ßóÇäúßöÔóÇÝö ÊóÌóáøöí ÇáúãöÑúÂÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÊóÎóíøóáóåõ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÌóáøöí åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÓóãøóì ÑõÄúíóÉñ. . ".(5/390)
æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõ (1) ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝóÉö íõËúÈöÊõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉó áöáøóåö¡ æóíõÝóÓøöÑõåóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì] (2) .
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æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò¡ æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ÝóíõäúßöÑõæäó Ãóäú íóáúÊóÐøó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí: íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó (3) ãóÚó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö áóÐøóÉñ ÈöÈóÚúÖö
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(1) ã: ÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ãóÏúßõæÑ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " Ýöí ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö: ãóäúåóÌñ æóÊóØúÈöíÞñ Õ 35 - 36 Ø. ÚöíÓóì ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 1367 - 1947 " áóÚóáøó ÃóÎóÕøó ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉö ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÇáó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöíøõ ÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÃóÓóÇÓò ÚóÞúáöíøò ÝóáóíúÓó ÊóÕóæøõÝõåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö ÇáÑøõæÍöíøö ÇáúÈóÍúÊö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæãõ Úóáóì ãõÍóÇÑóÈóÉö ÇáúÌöÓúãö æóÇáúÈõÚúÏö Úóäö ÇááøóÐóÇÆöÐö áöÊóØúåõÑó ÇáäøóÝúÓõ æóÊóÑúÞóì Ýöí ãóÏóÇÑöÌö ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÊóÕóæøõÝñ äóÙóÑöíøñ íóÚúÊóãöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøöÑóÇÓóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃóãøõáö. . ÅöáóÎú "¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúÝóÇÑóÇÈöíøõ Ýöí " ßöÊóÇÈö ÂÑóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáóÉö " Õ 16 - 17 Ø. ãóßúÊóÈóÉö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ 1368 1948 " æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æõÌõæÏõåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ ÝóÌóãóÇáõåõ ÝóÇÆöÊñ áöÌóãóÇáö ßõáøö Ðöí ÇáúÌóãóÇáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÒöíäóÊõåõ æóÈóåóÇÄõåõ¡ æóÇááøóÐøóÉõ æóÇáÓøõÑõæÑõ æóÇáúÛöÈúØóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõäúÊóÌõ æóíóÍúÕõáõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÈöÃóäú íõÏúÑóßó ÇáúÃóÌúãóáõ æóÇáúÃóÈúåóì æóÇáúÃóÒúíóäõ ÈöÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÇáúÃóÊúÞóäö æóÇáúÃóÊóãøö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÃóÌúãóáó Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö æóÇáúÃóÈúåóì æóÇáúÃóÒúíóäó¡ ÝóÅöÏúÑóÇßõåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßõ ÇáúÃóÊúÞóäõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö æóÚöáúãõåõ ÈöÌóæúåóÑöåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ. . áóÐøóÉñ áóÇ äóÝúåóãõ äóÍúäõ ßõäúåóåóÇ æóáóÇ äóÏúÑöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑó ÚöÙóãöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ äóÌöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇááøóÐøóÉö ÚöäúÏóãóÇ äóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßúäóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Ãóßúãóáõ æóÃóÈúåóì ÅöÏúÑóÇßðÇ æóÃóÊúÞóäõ æóÃóÊóãøõ. . ÅöáóÎú ".
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) æó: Ãóäú äóÌúÚóáó.(5/391)
ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇááøóÐøóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö (1) .
æóÓóãöÚó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÓúÃóáõßó áóÐøóÉó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì æóÌúåößó. ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÈú Ãóäøó áóåõ æóÌúåðÇ ÃóÝóÊóáúÊóÐøõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö¿ ! .
æóåóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃõäúßöÑó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÝóÇÖöáðÇ ÐóßöíøðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÊóáóæøóäõ ÂÑóÇÄõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ Ýöíåö Þóæúáó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÐóÇßó.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí Èóäóì åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí æóÇÝóÞóåõãú Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ¡ ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÐóÇÊóåõ¡ æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäú ÈóÞóÇíóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáö Ìóåúãö Èúäö ÕóÝúæóÇäó¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ Ãóæú íõÍóÈøõ ÇáúÌóåúãõ Èúäõ ÕóÝúæóÇäó æóÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúÌóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÏöÑúåóãò¡ æóßóÐóáößó åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó Êóßúáöíãö Çááøóåö áöãõæÓóì æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó Ìóåúãõ íóäúÝöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÞóáó ÈóÚúÖõ (2) Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ; ÝóäóÝóæõÇ ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö.
æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÆöãøóÊöåóÇ (3) ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÃóäú íõÍóÈøó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóÌúáöåö æóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãöäú ØóÚóÇãò æóÔóÑóÇÈò æóáöÈóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÓúÊóÚöíäó Èöåö Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏöí ãöäú ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ÇáúãóÝúÞõæÏóÉö.
(2) Ñ¡ È¡ Í¡ í: ÈóÚúÏó.
(3) Í¡ È: æóÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú.(5/392)
ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö áöãóÍóÈøóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÎóáúÞó áöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÎóáóÞó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö áöíóÊóäóÇæóáõæÇ ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó Èöåö (1) Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÈõÏö Çááøóåó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÝóÇÓöÏñ åóÇáößñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ Ãóäú íõÔúÑóßó Èöåö ÝóíõÚúÈóÏó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöãóäú ÚóØøóáó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÚúÈõÏúåõ ÇáúÈóÊøóÉó ßóÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¿ ! .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ Ãóäú íõÔúÑóßó Èöåö æóíóÛúÝöÑõ ãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 48] ¡ [æóÇáÊøóÚúØöíáõ áóíúÓó Ïõæäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö¡ Èóáú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÌõÑúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåõ æóíóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÃõæáóÆößó Ãóæúáóì (2) ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú ãõÄúãöäò ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÍõÈøõ Çááøóåö] (3) ¡ æóáóæú ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö - æóåõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó - áóæú ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÝöØúÑóÊöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí ÝõØöÑõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑõæÇ ÃóÍúæóÇáó ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ; áóæóÌóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÈøöÑõ Úóäú ÞóÏúÑöåö¡ æóåõãú ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö äóÙóÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö æóÈöÕöÝóÇÊöåö æóÐößúÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö (4) ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íõÍóÈøõ áóÇ ÊóÍúÑöÕõ ÇáäøõÝõæÓõ Úóáóì ÐößúÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ áöÊóÚóáøõÞö ÍóÇÌóÊöåóÇ Èöåö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÐößúÑöåö.
æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ íóÌöÏõ äóÝúÓóåõ ãõÍúÊóÇÌóÉð Åöáóì Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóØóÇáöÈöåö¡ æóíóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÍóÈøóÉó Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑó åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ¡ æóãöäú ÌöåóÉö
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(1) Í: ÈöåóÇ.
(2) æó: ÃóÚúÙóãõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) æó: æóÐóáößó ØóÑöíÞõ ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö.(5/393)
Ãóäøóåõ Åöáóåõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöíøóÇßó äóÚúÈõÏõ æóÅöíøóÇßó äóÓúÊóÚöíäõ} ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÚóÇÈöÏðÇ áöáøóåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóÚöíäðÇ Èöåö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÝóÑúÖðÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò Ãóäú íóÞõæáóåõ Ýöí ÕöáóÇÊöåö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøóÈøö¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö (1) ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ -: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóäúÒóáó ãöÇÆóÉó ßöÊóÇÈò æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ßõÊõÈò¡ ÌóãóÚó ÓöÑøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÌóãóÚó ÓöÑøó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÌóãóÚó ÓöÑøó (2) ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö¡ æóÌóãóÚó (3) ÓöÑøó ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö Ýöí åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúßóáöãóÊóíúäö: [ {ÅöíøóÇßó äóÚúÈõÏõ æóÅöíøóÇßó äóÓúÊóÚöíäõ} ] (4) ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ËóäøóÇåóÇ Çááøóåõ [Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö] (5) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúåõ æóÊóæóßøóáú Úóáóíúåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 123] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃõäöíÈõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 88] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÅöáóíúåö ãóÊóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 30] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóäú íóÊøóÞö Çááøóåó íóÌúÚóáú áóåõ ãóÎúÑóÌðÇ - æóíóÑúÒõÞúåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈõ æóãóäú íóÊóæóßøóáú Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ýóåõæó ÍóÓúÈõåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö: 2 - 3] æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóåõãú íóÊóÃóæøóáõæäó ãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ Úóáóì ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÊöåö.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö Ãóäú íõÍöÈøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ØóÇÚóÉó ãõØóÇÚò æóÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÍöÈøðÇ áöáøóåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íõÍóÈøõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö (6) áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ áóÇ
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(1) Úóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÓöÑøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) ¡ (Ñ) .
(3) æ¡ Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÌóÚóáó.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(5) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (æ) .
(6) Í¡ È: ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íõÍóÈøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö.(5/394)
ØóÇÚóÊóåõ æóáóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåõ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉó áöáúÚöæóÖö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö¡ Ýóåõæó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÅöáøóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöæóÖó¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó.
ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó æóÇáÙøóÇáöãó æóãóäú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÞóÏú íóÓúÊóÃúÌöÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó Úóáóì Úóãóáò íóÚúãóáõåõ¡ ÝóíóÚúãóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ áöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöæóÖö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãõÍöÈøðÇ áöáúßóÇÝöÑö æóáóÇ áöáÙøóÇáöãö ÅöÐóÇ Úóãöáó áóåõ ÈöÚöæóÖò ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚöæóÖó. Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚöæóÖó Úóáóì Úóãóáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ [ÞóØøõ] (1) ÅöáøóÇ ßóãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ áöãóäú íóÓúÊóÃúÌöÑõåõ (2) æóíõÚúØöíåö ÇáúÚöæóÖó [Úóáóì Úóãóáöåö] (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóÍúÈõæÈò¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøó áöÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö åõæó Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøó áößóæúäöåö æóÓöíáóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö¡ æóÇáúæóÓöíáóÉõ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ãóßúÑõæåóÉð ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö¡ áóßöäú íóÊóÍóãøóáõåóÇ (4) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÊóÌóÑøóÚõ ÇáúãóÑöíÖõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÁó ÇáúßóÑöíåó áöÃóÌúáö ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö áöáúÚóÇÝöíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóæóÇÁó ÇáúßóÑöíåó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ áóÇ íõÍóÈøõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøöÚóãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍóÈøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐõ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÍõÈøðÇ áöáøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 165] ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÔóÏøõ ÍõÈøðÇ áöáøóåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏó ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö.
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(1) ÞóØøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) æó: ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑóåõ.
(3) Úóáóì Úóãóáöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ (í) : íóÍúÊóãöáõåóÇ.(5/395)
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó íõÍöÈøõæäó ÂáöåóÊóåõãú ãóÍóÈøóÉð ÞóæöíøóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃõÔúÑöÈõæÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãõ ÇáúÚöÌúáó ÈößõÝúÑöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 93] ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: [Åöäøóåõ] (1) áöãóÇ íóÙõäøõæäóåõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó íõÍóÈøõ áöåóÐóÇ æóáöåóÐóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ Ùõäøó Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúßóãóÇáö ßóÇäóÊú ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ (2) ÃóÔóÏøó¡ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú äóÝúÚöåö.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì: " «ÃóÍöÈøõæÇ Çááøóåó áöãóÇ íóÛúÐõæßõãú Èöåö ãöäú äöÚóãöåö¡ æóÃóÍöÈøõæäöí ÈöÍõÈøö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÍöÈøõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöí ÈöÍõÈøöí» " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ (3) ; ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íõÍóÈøó áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð áöÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ áöáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÊöáúßó ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö - áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãõÄúãöäò ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóæú ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö. æóãóäú áóãú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÄúãöäðÇ. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ (4) åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇÒöãñ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ Ìóåúáò æóÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò
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(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/329 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 3/149 - 150 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ æóãöäú ãóäóÇÞöÈö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó) æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: " ÕóÍöíÍñ ". æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö " 1/98
(4) ä: áóÃóÌöÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ Ñ: áóÇ Ëõãøó ÃóÌöÏõ.(5/396)
æóÃóãúËóÇáóåõãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ðóáößó ßóÇäõæÇ ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑñ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ Ýöí äõÝõæÓöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÍóÈøóÉõ Çááøóåö (1) áóßöäú ãóÚó ÇáÔøöÑúßö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóÈúÛóÖõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÚóÇÏõæåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÑóÝúÖö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ãóÚóåõ¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõãú Ãóäú íõÍöÈøõæÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ßóÍõÈøöåö (2) ¡ ÝóÃóÈúÛóÖõæåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ. ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÖõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö¡ íõÝóÖøöáõ Ðóáößó ÇáäøöÏøó Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÌóáøõ æóÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ áóßöäú Êóåúæóì äõÝõæÓõåõãú Ðóáößó ÇáäøöÏøó ÃóßúËóÑó.
æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÚóáó ãóäú íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏó ßóÍõÈøöåö ãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáäøöÏøó ÃóßúËóÑó ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãó ÔöÑúßðÇ æóßõÝúÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÚõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÝóíóÓõÈøõæÇ Çááøóåó ÚóÏúæðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 108] ¡ ÝóáóæúáóÇ ÊóÚúÙöíãõåõãú áöÂáöåóÊöåöãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö áóãóÇ ÓóÈøõæÇ Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÓõÈøóÊú ÂáöåóÊõåõãú.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáõæÇ áöáøóåö ãöãøóÇ ÐóÑóÃó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑúËö æóÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö äóÕöíÈðÇ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ áöáøóåö ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú æóåóÐóÇ áöÔõÑóßóÇÆöäóÇ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÔõÑóßóÇÆöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóÕöáõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöáøóåö Ýóåõæó íóÕöáõ Åöáóì ÔõÑóßóÇÆöåöãú ÓóÇÁó ãóÇ íóÍúßõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 136] ¡ «æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó íóæúãó ÃõÍõÏò: ÃõÚúáõ åõÈóáú ÃõÚúáõ åõÈóáú. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóáóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõæáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóì æóÃóÌóáøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: Åöäøó áóäóÇ ÇáúÚõÒøóì¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÒøóì áóßõãú. ÞóÇáó: ÃóáóÇ ÊõÌöíÈõæåõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ:
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(1) æ¡ Ñ¡ í: ãóÍóÈøóÉñ áöáøóåö.
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æóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõæáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ ãóæúáóÇäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãóæúáóì áóßõãú» (1) .
æóíõæÌóÏõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÍúáöÝõ ÈöäöÏøò ÌóÚóáóåõ áöáøóåö¡ æóíóäúÐöÑõ áóåõ¡ æóíõæóÇáöí Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö¡ æóíõÚóÇÏöí ãóäú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ¡ æóíóÍúáöÝõ Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóíõæÝöí ÈöãóÇ äóÐóÑóåõ áóåõ (2) ¡ æóåõæó íóßúÐöÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íõæÝöí ÈöãóÇ äóÐóÑóåõ áöáøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íõæóÇáöí Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÏöí Ýöí Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõæóÇáöí æóíõÚóÇÏöí áöÐóáößó ÇáäøöÏøö.
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇÒöãñ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýóíóßõæäõ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ãõÎóáøóÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÛóÇáöØðÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí åóÐóÇ.
æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÚóÇÑöÝõ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ ÝóæõÌõæÏõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÇáÏøöÑóÇíóÉõ Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ÂÎóÑõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö íóØúáõÈõ ÊóÍúÕöíáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ ÝóÊóÑóÇåõ íóÊúÚóÈõ ÊóÚóÈðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ áöÌóåúáöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇáúãõæóÓúæóÓö (3) Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÝöÚúáðÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ (4) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóäúæöíóåõ¡ æóæõÌõæÏõ Ðóáößó ÈöÏõæäö ÇáäøöíøóÉö - ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ - ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÞõæãõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýóåõæó íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó (5) ¡
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(2) ä¡ ã: ÈöãóÇ äóÐóÑó áóåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ.
(4) æó: ßóÇáúæóÓúæóÓóÉö.
(5) æõ: ãõÑöíÏñ áöáÕøóáóÇÉö.(5/398)
ÝóØóáóÈó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáäøöíøóÉö ãöäú Ìóåúáöåö ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóæõÌõæÏöåóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÛóÏðÇ ãöäú ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ãõÓúáöãñ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ æóåõæó ãõÑöíÏñ áöáÕøóæúãö (1) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ äöíøóÉõ ÇáÕøóæúãö. æóåõæó Íöíäó íóÊóÚóÔøóì íóÊóÚóÔøóì ÚóÔóÇÁó ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóæúãó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÚóÔóÇÁö áóíúáóÉö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÚöÔóÇÁö áóíóÇáöí ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ ÝóáóíúáóÉõ ÇáúÚöíÏö íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕõæãõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóæúãó æóáóÇ íóäúæöíåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÔøóì ÚóÔóÇÁó ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóæúãó.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÃúßõáõ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ¡ æóíóãúÔöí æóíóÑúßóÈõ¡ æóíóáúÈóÓõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõÑöíÏóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö äöíøóÊõåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö: ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÖóÚó íóÏöíó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöäóÇÁö áöÂÎõÐó áõÞúãóÉð ÂßõáõåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúãóÞó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö. ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí äöíøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÕøöíóÇãö (2) . æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÊóÌöÏõ ÎóáúÞðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõæóÓúæóÓöíäó ÈöÚöáúãò æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉò íóÌúÊóåöÏõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö åóÐöåö ÇáäøöíøóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íóÌúÊóåöÏõ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÞóÚúÑö ãóÚöÏóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóíúÁö¡ Ãóæú ãóäú íóÈúÊóáöÚõ ÇáúÃóÏúæöíóÉó ÇáúßóÑöíåóÉó.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ æóÝöØúÑöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáÏøóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö ; áöÅöÚúÑóÇÖöåö ÚóãøóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÔõÚõæÑöåö ÈöÔõÚõæÑöåö.
ÝóåóßóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÍóÈøóÉñ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙóÑó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö äõÝóÇÉö ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ðóáößó ÞóæúáðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ; áöãóÇ Ùóäøóåõ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÔõÈõåóÇÊöåöãú¡ Ãóæú ÊóÞúáöíÏðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó íóÞõæáõ ÈöãõæÌöÈö Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö¡
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ æ: íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÕøóæúãó.
(2) ä: æóÇáÕøóæúãö.(5/399)
æóíõäúßöÑõ ãóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
ÝóÅöäøó äóÇÝöíó ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõ ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈó¡ æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúãõÍúÏóËö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõãúßöäö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö æóÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: áóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉö áóÝúÙñ ãõÌúãóáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉó Èóíúäó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóíú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõäúÓóÈõ åóÐóÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ. ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áöãóÇáö ÝõáóÇäò Åöáóì ãóÇáö ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áöÚöáúãöåö Ãóæú ÌõæÏöåö Ãóæú ãöáúßöåö [Åöáóì Úöáúãö ÝõáóÇäò æõÌõæÏö ÝõáóÇäò æóãöáúßö ÝõáóÇäò¡] (1) íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉó ÍóÞöíÑóÉñ ÕóÛöíÑóÉñ ßóáóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áöáúÎóÑúÏóáóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö¡ æóáóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áöáÊøõÑóÇÈö Åöáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÈö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ äöÓúÈóÉó áöáúãõÍúÏóËö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÏöíãö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóäóÍúæõåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöåóÐöåö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ãóÚúäðì íõÍöÈøõåõ áöÃóÌúáöåö ÇáúãõÍúÏóËõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóÃóÓõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÍúÏóËö æóÇáúÞóÏöíãö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÍúÏóËõ ÇáúÞóÏöíãó áöÃóÌúáöåö¿ æóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÏöíãó áóíúÓó ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöãóÍóÈøóÉö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ãöäú ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö¿
æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ äóÞúÕðÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ÕöÝóÉõ ßóãóÇáò¡ Èóáú åöíó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö. Ýóßõáøõ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉò ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãó ãóÍóÈøóÉðº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÍúÈõæÈñ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ æóÓöíáóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö áóÇãúÊóäóÚóÊö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉó áóÇÒöãóÉñ áöáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÊóÝóì ÇááøóÇÒöãõ ÇäúÊóÝóì ÇáúãóáúÒõæãõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.(5/400)
ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÊóÖóãøóäó ÍõÈøõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉð áöÈóÚúÖö ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÇÊöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóáúÞõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö áöÍößúãóÉò (1) ¡ æóÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ãõÑóÇÏóÉñ ãóÍúÈõæÈóÉñ. Ýóåõæó ÎóáóÞó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó áöãõÑóÇÏò ãóÍúÈõæÈò ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóíõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóåõãú íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ÝóíõÑöíÏõæäó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåõ (2) [æóØóÇÚóÊóåõ] .
æó [ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (3) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÍóÊøóì Ãóßõæäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú æóáóÏöåö æóæóÇáöÏöåö æóÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó» " (4) æóãóÇ ãöäú ãõÄúãöäò ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó íóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö áöáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÏõ (5) áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãóÍúÈõæÈðÇ áóåõ - ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö æóÃóÕúÏöÞóÇÆöåö (6) - íóÓõÈøõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó¡ åóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÚóÏóÇæóÊõåõ æóãõåóÇÌóÑóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÊúáõåõ áöÍõÈøö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó áóãú íóßõäú ãõÄúãöäðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÞóæúãðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö íõæóÇÏøõæäó ãóäú ÍóÇÏøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÂÈóÇÁóåõãú Ãóæú ÃóÈúäóÇÁóåõãú Ãóæú ÅöÎúæóÇäóåõãú Ãóæú ÚóÔöíÑóÊóåõãú ÃõæáóÆößó ßóÊóÈó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÃóíøóÏóåõãú ÈöÑõæÍò ãöäúåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö: 22] ¡ [Èóáú ÞóÏú] .
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: ÈöÍößúãóÉò¡ æó: ÈöÍößúãóÊöåö.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóíõÑöíÏõæäó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåõ (æóÓóÞóØóÊú: æóØóÇÚóÊóåõ) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/447
(5) ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÏõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ.
(6) È (ÝóÞóØú) : Ãóæú ÃóÕúÏöÞóÇÆöåö.(5/401)
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì (1) : {Þõáú Åöäú ßóÇäó ÂÈóÇÄõßõãú æóÃóÈúäóÇÄõßõãú æóÅöÎúæóÇäõßõãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌõßõãú æóÚóÔöíÑóÊõßõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáñ ÇÞúÊóÑóÝúÊõãõæåóÇ æóÊöÌóÇÑóÉñ ÊóÎúÔóæúäó ßóÓóÇÏóåóÇ æóãóÓóÇßöäõ ÊóÑúÖóæúäóåóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÌöåóÇÏò Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö ÝóÊóÑóÈøóÕõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó Çááøóåõ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 24] ¡ ÝóÊóæÚøóÏó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóåúáõ æóÇáúãóÇáõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ËóáóÇËñ ãóäú ßõäøó Ýöíåö æóÌóÏó Èöåöäøó (2) ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö: ãóäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõãóÇ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãóÑúÁó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó Ýöí ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú ÃóäúÞóÐóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íõáúÞóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö» " (3) .
ÝóæõÌõæÏõ ÍóáóÇæóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúÚöæóÖö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúãóáõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáúßöÑóÇÁö áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ÍóÇáó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÊøóÚóÈó æóÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉó æóãóÇ íõÄúáöãõåõ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉó
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì.
(2) Èöåöäøó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ) ¡ (È) .
(3) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈò Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/8 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ ÍóáóÇæóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö) ¡ 1/9 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ßóÑöåó Ãóäú íóÚõæÏó Ýöí ÇáúßõÝúÑö. . .) 9/20¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÖøóÑúÈó. . .) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/66¡ (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö ÎöÕóÇáö. . .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1338 - 1339 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóÈúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóáóÇÁö) . æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÃóíúÖðÇ æóáóßöäú ÈöáóÝúÙö: " áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÍóÊøóì íõÍöÈøó ÇáúãóÑúÁó áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö¡ æóÍóÊøóì Ãóäú íõÞúÐóÝó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó Åöáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóäúÞóÐóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõãóÇ "¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/14 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÈøö Ýöí Çááøóåö) .(5/402)
ãóÇ ÓóíóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌúÑö¡ áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇ ÍóáóÇæóÉõ ÅöíãóÇäò íóÌöÏõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö æóåõæó Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóØóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÞõáõæÈó ÚöÈóÇÏöåö.
ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ßõáøõ ãóæúáõæÏò íõæáóÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö» " (1) æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÚöÈóÇÏöí ÍõäóÝóÇÁó¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóÇáóÊúåõãõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ¡ æóÍóÑøóãóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇ ÃóÍúáóáúÊõ áóåõãú¡ æóÃóãóÑóÊúåõãú Ãóäú íõÔúÑößõæÇ Èöí ãóÇ áóãú ÃõäúÒöáú Èöåö ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ» " (2) .
ÝóÇááøóåõ ÝóØóÑó ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøóÉö ãöáøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÃóÕúáõåóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÝöØúÑóÉò áóãú ÊóÝúÓõÏú ÅöáøóÇ æóåöíó ÊóÌöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÍóÈøóÉó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÊóÝúÓõÏõ ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ áößöÈóÑò æóÛóÑóÖò ÝóÇÓöÏò (3) ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÝöÑúÚóæúäó. æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íõÔúÑóßó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐõ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ íõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú ßóÍõÈøö Çááøóåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 165] .
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÈõÏõæäó Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/307 - 308
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚöíóÇÖö Èúäö ÍöãóÇÑò ÇáúãõÌóÇÔöÚöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2197 - 2198 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÕöÝóÉö äóÚöíãöåóÇ æóÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóåúáõ ÇáäøóÇÑö) æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó ÐóÇÊó íóæúãò Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåö: " ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃõÚóáøöãóßõãú ãóÇ ÌóåöáúÊõãú. . . æóÅöäøöí ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÚöÈóÇÏöí ÍõäóÝóÇÁó ßõáøóåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÊóÊúåõãõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ ÝóÇÌúÊóÇáóÊúåõãú Úóäú Ïöíäöåöãõ. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó " æóåõæó - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/162
(3) æó: æóÚóÑóÖò ÂÎóÑó.(5/403)
ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãõÍöÈøóÉó Çááøóåö¡ áóÇ íõãóÇËöáõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ãóÍúãõæÏðÇ ÍóãúÏðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ æóÍóãúÏðÇ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÇãöÏö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÍóãúÏõ ÇáÔøõßúÑö¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÍóãúÏõåõ (1) Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóÌóÚóáó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö æóÇáäøõæÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 1] ¡ {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÝóÇØöÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 1] .
æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÖöÏøõ ÇáÐøóãøö. æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÎóÈóÑñ ÈöãóÍóÇÓöäó ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö ãóÞúÑõæäñ ÈöãóÍóÈøóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÐøóãøõ ÎóÈóÑñ ÈöãóÓóÇæöÆö ÇáúãóÐúãõæãö ãóÞúÑõæäñ ÈöÈõÛúÖöåö ; ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóãúÏñ áöãóÍúãõæÏò ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóãøñ áöãóÐúãõæãò ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÈõÛúÖöåö¡ æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ áóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö.
æóÃóæøóáõ ãóÇ äóØóÞó Èöåö ÂÏóãõ: [ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó] (2) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö: íóÑúÍóãõßó ÑóÈøõßó¡ æóÂÎöÑõ ÏóÚúæóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: Ãóäö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú íõÏúÚóì Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáúÍóãøóÇÏõæäó¡ æóäóÈöíøõäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóÇÍöÈõ áöæóÇÁö ÇáúÍóãúÏö¡ ÂÏóãõ Ýóãóäú Ïõæäóåõ ÊóÍúÊó áöæóÇÆöåö¡ æóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÛúÈöØõåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó.
ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍõÈøö ÇáúãóÚúÈõæÏö (3) ¡ [æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóãúÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍõÈøö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö] (4) ¡ æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ ÇáúãóÚúÈõæÏõ ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏõ.
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(1) Í: ÍóãúÏñ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ Í: íõÍöÈøõ áöáúãóÚúÈõæÏö.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (ã) ¡ (í) ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍõÈøò áöáúãóÍúãõæÏö.(5/404)
æóÃóæøóáõ äöÕúÝö ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö ÇáøóÐöí áöáÑøóÈøö ÍóãúÏõåõ¡ æóÂÎöÑõåõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÊõåõ¡ Ãóæøóáõåõ: {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} ¡ æóÂÎöÑõåõ: {ÅöíøóÇßó äóÚúÈõÏõ} . ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö: " íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì -: «ÞóÓóãúÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÚóÈúÏöí äöÕúÝóíúäö¡ ÝóäöÕúÝõåóÇ áöí¡ æóäöÕúÝõåóÇ áöÚóÈúÏöí¡ æóáöÚóÈúÏöí ãóÇ ÓóÃóáó. íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} ; ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: ÍóãöÏóäöí ÚóÈúÏöí¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: {ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö} ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÃóËúäóì Úóáóíøó ÚóÈúÏöí¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: {ãóÇáößö íóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö} ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ - ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì -: ãóÌøóÏóäöí ÚóÈúÏöí¡ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: {ÅöíøóÇßó äóÚúÈõÏõ æóÅöíøóÇßó äóÓúÊóÚöíäõ} ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÚóÈúÏöí¡ æóáöÚóÈúÏöí ãóÇ ÓóÃóáó. íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ: {ÇåúÏöäóÇ ÇáÕøöÑóÇØó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó} Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö. íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: åóÄõáóÇÁö (1) áöÚóÈúÏöí¡ æóáöÚóÈúÏöí ãóÇ ÓóÃóáó» ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ [Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö] (2) . æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóäóÇ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöí: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ áóåõ Çáúãõáúßõ¡ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ» " (3) ÝóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : åóÐóÇ.
(2) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 1/296 - 297 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ æõÌõæÈö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö) Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/269 - 270 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö) .
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö " 1/128 ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöí ÚóÔöíøóÉó ÚóÑóÝóÉó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ áóåõ Çáúãõáúßõ áóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ. ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑö ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó Úóäú Úóáöíøò "¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÚóÌúáõæäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ßóÔúÝö ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö " 1/153 ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÏõÚóÇÁõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ãóÇáößñ Úóäú ØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ßõÑóíúÒò ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÍóÓøóäóåõ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÎóíúÑõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÏõÚóÇÁõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÒóÇÏó: áóåõ Çáúãõáúßõ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÏõÚóÇÁõ íóæúãö ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ Þóæúáöí æóÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÞóÈúáöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ - ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÏó: æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ íõÍúíöí æóíõãöíÊõ æóÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúÎóíúÑõ ". æóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ãóÇáößðÇ ÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõÑúÓóáðÇ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÚóÌúáõæäöíøõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö 1/214 - 215 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö) 2/422 - 423 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÍóÌøö) ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: " áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Úóäú ãóÇáößò Ýöí ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍúÝóÙõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãõÓúäóÏðÇ ãöäú æóÌúåò íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ãõÍúÊóÌøò Èöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãõÓúäóÏðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ". ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÚóÌúáõæäöíøõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 5/231 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö áóÇ Íóæúáó æóáóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍõãóíúÏò åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍõãóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÈöÇáúÞóæöíøö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö "¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 11/180 Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö " ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóäóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ÊóÍúÓöíäóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö áöáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÝóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåóÇ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 1/315(5/405)
æóÇáÊøóÍúãöíÏö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÏúÚõæåõ ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÛóÇÝöÑò 65] .
æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÞõáö: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ íóÊóÃóæøóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó (1) .
æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÐøößúÑö: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö» " (2) .
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(1) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ãõÓúäóÏðÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö (Ø. ÈõæáóÇÞó) 24/53 æóäóÕøõ ßóáóÇãöåö Ýöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóáúíóÞõáú Úóáóì ÃóËóÑöåóÇ: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÝóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: ÝóÇÏúÚõæåõ ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóäóÞóáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ßóáóÇãóåõ Ýöí (Ø. ÇáÔøóÚúÈö) 7/145
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/130 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ãóäøó ÏóÚúæóÉó ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ãõÓúÊóÌóÇÈóÉñ) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1249 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÍóÇãöÏöíäó) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 1/362 æóÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ.(5/406)
æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ßõáøõ ÃóãúÑò Ðöí ÈóÇáò áóÇ íõÈúÏóÃõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÍóãúÏö áöáøóåö Ýóåõæó ÃóÌúÐóãõ» " (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: " «ßõáøõ ÎõØúÈóÉò áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÔóåøõÏñ Ýóåöíó ßóÇáúíóÏö ÇáúÌóÐúãóÇÁö» " (2) .
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/360 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúåóÏúíö Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö) ¡ ÈöáóÝúÙö: " ßõáøõ ßóáóÇãò áóÇ íõÈúÏóÃõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÍóãúÏö áöáøóåö Ýóåõæó ÃóÌúÐóãõ "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: " ÑóæóÇåõ íõæäõÓõ æóÚóÞöíáñ æóÔõÚóíúÈñ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõÑúÓóáðÇ ". æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 1/610 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáäøößóÇÍö) ¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: " ßõáøõ ÃóãúÑò Ðöí ÈóÇáò áóÇ íõÈúÏóÃõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÍóãúÏö ÃóÞúØóÚõ "¡ æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö: æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøöäúÏöíøõ: " ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÇáäøóæóæöíøõ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö ". æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö æóÑöæóÇíóÉð ËóÇáöËóÉð ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Ýöí " ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 4/147 - 148 æóÊóßóáøóãó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÑúæóÇÁö "¡ ÅöÑúæóÇÁö ÇáúÛóáöíáö Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóäóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö 1/29 - 32 Ø. ÇáúãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö ÈóíúÑõæÊó 1399 - 1979 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÕóÍøóÍó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÈóÚúÖó ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö æóÍóÓøóäó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö " 1/108¡ 2/67 æóÇäúÙõÑú " ßóÔúÝó ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÚóÌúáõæäöíøö 2/119º ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö áöáÓøóÎóÇæöíøö¡ Õ 322
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 361 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/386 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáäøößóÇÍö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 15/170¡ 16/216 (æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøö áóåõ) . æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö " 4/172¡ æóÑöÓóÇáóÉö " ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚóÉö Úóäú ÃóÓúÆöáóÉö áóÌúäóÉö ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö " Õ 56¡ Ø. ÇáúãóßúÊóÈö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøö¡ ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ ÈóíúÑõæÊú¡ 1400(5/407)
ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÇáúÎõØóÈö (1) ãöäó ÇáúÍóãúÏö áöáøóåö æóãöäú ÊóæúÍöíÏöåö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÎõØóÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãóÚö æóÇáúÃóÚúíóÇÏö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãõÔúÊóãöáóÉð Úóáóì åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÃóÕúáóíúäö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóæøóáõåõ ËóäóÇÁñ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÂÎöÑõåõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÊóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáËøóäóÇÁõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóÍúÈõæÈò¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÃóáøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÍúÈõæÈò¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ (2) ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ íóÍúãóÏõæäóåõ æóíõËúäõæäó Úóáóíúåö æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ¡ Ýóåõæó (3) ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÍóãúÏö äóÝúÓöåö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö: " «áóÇ ÃõÍúÕöí ËóäóÇÁð Úóáóíúßó ÃóäúÊó ßóãóÇ ÃóËúäóíúÊó Úóáóì äóÝúÓößó» " (4) ÝóáóÇ ËóäóÇÁó ãöäú ãõËúäò ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ËóäóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÈøö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ËóäóÇÁó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍõÈøò¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÈøó ãöäú ãóÍúÈõæÈò áöãóÍúÈõæÈò ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøö áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö Ýóåõæó ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÍõÈøöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Ýóåõæó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó æóÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó¡ æóÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈöíäó¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÊóØóåøöÑöíäó¡ æóíóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈöíäó¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöãóÍóÈøóÊöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö (5) ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö áöáøóåö ; Ýóíóßõæäõ ÍõÈøõåõ áöáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÍõÈøöåö áöáøóåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝöíãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ãöäú ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö¿ ! .
ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÍõÈøöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö (6) ¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö áöÍößúãóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí íõÍöÈøõåóÇ.
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó.
(3) Í¡ È: æóåõæó.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/159
(5) Í¡ È: ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöãóÍóÈøóÉö äóÝúÓöåö.
(6) ã: áöãóÍóÈøóÉö äóÝúÓöåö.(5/408)
ÝóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöÍößúãóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {ÃóÍúÓóäó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÎóáóÞóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 7] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÕõäúÚó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÊúÞóäó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 88] .
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö ÇáúÍõÓúäóì ÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúãñ íõãúÏóÍõ Èöåö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ßõáøõåóÇ ÍõÓúäóì¡ æóÇáúÍõÓúäóì ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøõæÃóì¡ ÝóßõáøõåóÇ ÍóÓóäóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ ãóÍúÈõæÈñ ãóãúÏõæÍñ.
ÝóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúÎóáúÞö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÃóãúÑñ ãóãúÏõæÍñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú áóæóÇÒöãö Ðóáößó ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú áóæóÇÒöãö ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ æóæóÓóÇÆöáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö ÈöÏõæäö ÇááøóÇÒöãö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ ßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÍóíóÇÉò¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãóæúáõæÏö -[ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãóæúáõæÏðÇ] (1) - ÈöáóÇ æöáóÇÏóÉò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÍóÏöíËö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúÊóÇÍö: " «æóÇáúÎóíúÑõ ßõáøõåõ (2) ÈöíóÏóíúßó¡ æóÇáÔøóÑøõ áóíúÓó Åöáóíúßó» " (3) æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áóÇ íõÊóÞóÑøóÈõ Èöåö Åöáóíúßó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ Çáúãóäúåöíøõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó:
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ßõáøõåõ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ ÝóÞóØú.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/534 - 536 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó æóÞóÕúÑöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö Çááøóíúáö æóÞöíóÇãöåö) æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÞóÇáó: " æóÌøóåúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: " áóÈøóíúßó æóÓóÚúÏóíúßó æóÇáúÎóíúÑõ ßõáøõåõ Ýöí íóÏóíúßó æóÇáÔøóÑøõ áóíúÓó Åöáóíúßó ". æóÑóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 2/134 - 135 (ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 803 - 805) . æóÇäúÙõÑú ãöÔúßóÇÉó ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö áöáÊøöÈúÑöíÒöíøö (Ø. ÏöãóÔúÞó) 1/255 - 257 ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑó áöáäøóæóæöíøö Õ 43(5/409)
áóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóíúßó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ.
æóÇáÔøóÑøõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ áóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóíúÑö [ÞóØøõ] (1) ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö æõÌõæåò ËóáóÇËóÉò: ÅöãøóÇ ãóÚó ÅöÖóÇÝóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ãöäú ÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóáóÞö: 2] ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÚó ÍóÐúÝö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÏúÑöí ÃóÔóÑøñ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóãú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåöãú ÑóÈøõåõãú ÑóÔóÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÌöäøö: 10] .
æóãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: {ÕöÑóÇØó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíúåöãú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÛúÖõæÈö Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö: 7] ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãó ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÛóÖóÈó ãóÍúÐõæÝðÇ ÝóÇÚöáõåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÖøóáóÇáó ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÅöÐóÇ ãóÑöÖúÊõ Ýóåõæó íóÔúÝöíäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 80] .
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó Ýöí ÇáúÚõãõæãö ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 102] ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÈöÇÓúãöåö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö ÞõÑöäó ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö ÇáúÍõÓúäóì: ÇáÖøóÇÑøõ¡ ÇáäøóÇÝöÚõ¡ ÇáúãõÚúØöí¡ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ¡ [ÇáúÎóÇÝöÖõ¡ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚõ¡ ÇáúãõÚöÒøõ¡ ÇáúãõÐöáøõ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó (2) Èóíúäó ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõæãö (3) æóÇáÔøõãõæáõ ÇáÏøóÇáøõ Úóáóì æóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ÌóãöíÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÏúÚóì ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö: ßóÇáÖøóÇÑøö¡ æóÇáäøóÇÝöÚö¡ æóÇáúÎóÇÝöÖö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÚö¡ Èóáú íõÐúßõÑóÇäö ÌóãöíÚðÇ] (4) . æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ äöÚúãóÉò ãöäúåõ ÝóÖúáðÇ¡ æóßõáøõ äöÞúãóÉò ãöäúåõ ÚóÏúáðÇ.
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(1) ÞóØøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (æ) .
(2) æ¡ ã: ÝóíóÌúãóÚõ.
(3) áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõæãö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú. æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .(5/410)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íóãöíäõ Çááøóåö ãóáúÃóì áóÇ íõÛöíÖõåóÇ äóÝóÞóÉñ¡ ÓóÍøóÇÁõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó¡ ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúÝóÞó ãõäúÐõ ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÛöÖú ãóÇ Ýöí íóãöíäöåö¿ æóÇáúÞöÓúØõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì íóÎúÝöÖõ æóíóÑúÝóÚõ» " (1) ¡ ÝóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäõ ÈöíóÏöåö Çáúíõãúäóì¡ æóÇáúÚóÏúáõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóßöáúÊóÇ íóÏóíúåö íóãöíäñ ãõÈóÇÑóßóÉñ.
ßóãóÇ [ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (2) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúãõÞúÓöØõæäó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Úóáóì ãóäóÇÈöÑó ãöäú äõæÑò Úóáóì íóãöíäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóßöáúÊóÇ íóÏóíúåö íóãöíäñ¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÏöáõæäó Ýöí Ãóåúáöíåöãú æóãóÇ æõáøõæÇ» " (3) ¡ æóáöÈóÓúØö åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó ãóÇ íõÈúÛöÖõåõ æóíóßúÑóåõåõ¡ áöÍößúãóÉò íõÍöÈøõåóÇ æóíóÑúÖóÇåóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÑöíÏñ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó íõÈúÛöÖõåõ æóáóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãõÊóßóáøöãöí Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö æóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøóÉö (4) ¡
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/139
(2) ä¡ ã: ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1458 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÚóÇÏöáö) ¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/195 - 196 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÇáúÚóÇÏöáö Ýöí Íõßúãöåö) . æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíåöãóÇ: " Åöäøó ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Úóáóì ãóäóÇÈöÑó. . ÅöáóÎú "¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 9/249 - 250¡ 254
(4) ã: æóÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö.(5/411)
æóÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó [ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò] (1) : ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúãõÞúäöÚö "¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Þóæúáóíö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ æóÑóÌøóÍóåõ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó áöáúãõÄúãöäö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÍöÈøõåõ ÏöíäðÇ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóÃóäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõãóÇ (2) ÓóæóÇÁð ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ åõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÊóÈóÚñ áöáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞö íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó äóæúÚóÇäö: ÅöÑóÇÏóÉñ Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉñ áöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö. [ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ Èöåö] (3) Ýóåõæó ãõÑóÇÏñ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð ÏöíäöíøóÉð¡ [ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉð] (4) Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö æóíóÑúÖóÇåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóì ÞóæúáöäóÇ: íõÑöíÏõ (5) ãöäú ÚóÈúÏöåö¡ Ýóåõæó íõÑöíÏõåõ áóåõ ßóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍó áöáúãóÃúãõæÑö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÍö¡ íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ ÎóíúÑñ áóßó¡ æóÃóäúÝóÚõ [áóßó] (6) ¡ æóåõæó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÍóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÖöíóåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊõ ãõÑóÇÏóÉñ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉð ÎóáúÞöíøóÉð ßóæúäöíøóÉð¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉñ áöãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóãú íóÞóÚú¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ãõÑóÇÏðÇ áóåõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÍúÈõæÈò¡ Èóáú ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ áöÅöÝúÖóÇÆöåö Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ åõæó ãóÍúÈõæÈñ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú áößóæúäöåö ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ åõæó ãóÍúÈõæÈñ áóåõ.
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(1) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú ÌóÚóáó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉð: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) ä¡ Ñ¡ æ¡ í: íõÑöíÏõåõ.
(6) áóßó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/412)
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÎöáúÞöíøóÉõ åöíó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú íõÑöÏö Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóåÏöíóåõ íóÔúÑóÍú ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóäú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íõÖöáøóåõ íóÌúÚóáú ÕóÏúÑóåõ ÖóíøöÞðÇ ÍóÑóÌðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 125] .
æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú äõÕúÍöí Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóäúÕóÍó áóßõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÛúæöíóßõãú åõæó ÑóÈøõßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 34] .
æóÝöí Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó: ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÔóÃú áóãú íóßõäú.
æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóæú ÔöÆúäóÇ áóÂÊóíúäóÇ ßõáøó äóÝúÓò åõÏóÇåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 13] ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóãúÑöíøóÉõ åöíó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Èößõãõ ÇáúíõÓúÑó æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Èößõãõ ÇáúÚõÓúÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 185] .
æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Úóáóíúßõãú æóíõÑöíÏõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö Ãóäú ÊóãöíáõæÇ ãóíúáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ - íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íõÎóÝøöÝó Úóäúßõãú æóÎõáöÞó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 27 - 28] ¡ æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: {ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíóÌúÚóáó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò æóáóßöäú íõÑöíÏõ áöíõØóåøöÑóßõãú æóáöíõÊöãøó äöÚúãóÊóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 6] ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ åóáú íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó¡ Ãóãú íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¿
Þöíáó: åõæó áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóåöíó (1) : ÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö. ÝóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑó ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áóåõ.
æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉõ ÊóäúÝöí Ãóäú íõÑöíÏó Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóÌúÚóáõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóÇÚöáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ
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(1) æóåöíó ßóÐóáößó Ýöí (ã) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóåõæó.(5/413)
íóÎúáõÞõ ÝöÚúáó ÃóÍóÏò.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝóÚöäúÏóåõãú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑó ÃóÈúÑóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóäú ÃóãóÑóåõ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áöáúãóÃúãõæÑö ÕóÇÑó ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌúÚóáúåõ ÝóÇÚöáðÇ [áóåõ] (1) áóãú íóÕöÑú ÝóÇÚöáðÇ áóåõ (2) ÝóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäúåõãú ÅöíãóÇäóåõãú æóØóÇÚóÊóåõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ æóÎóáúÞðÇ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó æóÃóÚóÇäóåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó áöÐóáößó (3) ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÅöÚóÇäóÊõåõ áóåõãú Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö áóãóÇ ÃóØóÇÚõæåõ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÃóãóÑóåõãú æóáóãú íóÌúÚóáúåõãú ãõØöíÚöíäó¡ Ýóáóãú íõÑöÏú Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ØóÇÚóÊóåõãú¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöåóÇ æóÃóÑóÇÏóåóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÅöÑóÇÏóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð ÏöíäöíøóÉð ; áößóæúäöåóÇ ãóäúÝóÚóÉð áóåõãú æóãóÕúáóÍóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÑöÏú åõæó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåóÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõåóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æóÌõæÏöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãðÇ áöÃóãúÑò íóßúÑóåõåõ¡ Ãóæú áöÝóæóÇÊö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÏóÝúÚõåõ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÊóÑúßõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú æõÌõæÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóáúÒöãö áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö íóÌúÚóáõåõ ãõÑóÇÏðÇ áöÃóÌúáöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ áóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúæóÓöíáóÉõ (4) .
æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäú äóÕóÍúÊóåõ ÈöÞóæúáößó Úóáóíúßó Ãóäú ÊõÚöíäóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑúÊóåõ Èöåö. ÝóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ æóÇáÕøóÇáöÍõæäó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóäúÕóÍõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó æóíóÃúãõÑõæäóåõãú¡ æóíóÏõáøõæäóåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ßóÇäó ÕóáóÇÍðÇ áóåõãú¡ æóáóãú íõÚóÇæöäõæäóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõæäó ÞóÇÏöÑöíäó¡ áóßöäú ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÍößúãóÊöåöãú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó áöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò.
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(1) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .
(3) ä¡ ã: áóåõ.
(4) æ: æóÓöíáóÉñ.(5/414)
æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ¡ áóßöäú ãóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ æóáóåõ ÖöÏøñ íõäóÇÝöíåö¡ æóáóåõ áóÇÒöãñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ ; ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ãóÚðÇ¡ Ãóæú æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö ÈöÏõæäö ÇááøóÇÒöãö¡ ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ãóÞúÏõæÑñ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ¡ áóßöäú ÈöÔóÑúØö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ãóÚðÇ ÝóãõãúÊóäöÚñ (1) áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ æõÌõæÏõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ ÞóÏú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ÇáÊøóäóÇÝöíó Ãóæö ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ; ÝóíóÙõäøõæäóåõ ãõãúßöäó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ ãóÚó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö (2) áöáÑøóÈøö¡ æóÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö [æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏõåõãú ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö] (3) æóÇáúÚóÏóãõ áóÇ ÝóÇÚöáó áóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÊóæúÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö Úöáúãöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóåúáõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúßõÝúÑö (4) .
æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú ÍößúãóÊõåõ ÎóáúÞó ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÎóáúÞö áóæóÇÒöãöåö æóäóÝúíö ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: áöãó áóãú íóÌúÚóáú (5) ãóÚóåõ ÇáÖøöÏøó ÇáúãõäóÇÝöíó¿ Ãóæú áöãó æõÌöÏó ÇááøóÇÒöãõ¿ ßóÇäó áöÚóÏóãö Úöáúãöåö ÈöÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: åóáøóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÒóíúÏðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÃóÈöíåö¿ .
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÈúäóåõ æóíõÎúáóÞó ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ Ãóæú íõÎúáóÞó ÍóÊøóì íõÎúáóÞó ÃóÈõæåõ¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÊóÙúåóÑõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÊóÝóÇÕöíáö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóÏóÈøóÑõæäóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÙúåóÑõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ Ýöí ãõáõæÍóÉö ãóÇÁö ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ æóÚõÐõæÈóÉö ãóÇÁö ÇáúÝóãö¡ æóãóÑóÇÑóÉö
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(1) ã¡ È: ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõØúáóÞö.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí (È) ¡ (Í) : æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Ñ: ÃóÕúáõ áöáúßõÝúÑö
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÊóÌúÚóáú.(5/415)
ãóÇÁö ÇáúÃõÐõäö¡ æóãõáõæÍóÉö ãóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö. æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ ÍößúãóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÈóÇÑöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÍúæö Ãóæö ÇáØøöÈøö Ãóæö ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÔúßóáó Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ßóáóÇãöåö Ýóáóãú íóÝúåóãúåõ¡ Óóáøóãó Ðóáößó Åöáóíúåö.
ÝóÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÇáøóÐöí ÈóåóÑóÊö ÇáúÚõÞõæáó ÍößúãóÊõåõ æóÑóÍúãóÊõåõ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÍóÇØó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ¡ æóÃóÍúÕóì ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚóÏóÏðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó¡ æóÃóÍúßóãõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó¡ æóÃóÑúÍóãõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ãöäó ÇáúæóÇáöÏóÉö ÈöæóáóÏöåóÇ¡ ßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Ãóäú íõÓóáøöãó ãóÇ Ìóåöáóåõ (1) ãöäú ÍößúãóÊöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ãöäúåóÇ¿ ! .
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÑõÏøõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú Þóæúáó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÝöí ßóáóÇãö ßõáøò ãöäúåõãú ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöËóÇáóíúäö: ãöËóÇáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ æóãöËóÇáðÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö.
[ÇáßáÇã Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò]
æóäóÐúßõÑõ ãöËóÇáðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉó æóÇáÓøóáóÝó ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí Êóßóáøóãó Èöåö ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ áóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Åöäøóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ¡ æóáóÇ Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏöíãñ.
æóÕóÇÑó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: Þóæúãñ (2) íóÞõæáõæäó: åõæó ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÎóáóÞóåõ [Çááøóåõ] Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö (3) ¡ æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ßóáóÇãñ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÕöÝóÉõ ÝöÚúáò áóÇ ÕöÝóÉõ ÐóÇÊò¡ æóãõÑóÇÏõåõãú ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ÛóíúÑó ÞóÇÆöãò Èöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÞóáõ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ãõÊóßóáøöãñ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ßóáóÇãõåõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ Ìóåöáó.
(2) È: ÝóÞóæúãñ.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ æ: ÎóáóÞóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö.(5/416)
æóÞóæúãñ íóÞõæáõæäó: Èóáú åõæó ÞóÏöíãñ áóãú íóÒóáú ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ÃóÒóáðÇ æóÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ áóÇ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóáóÇ ãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáú äöÏóÇÄõåõ áöãõæÓóì ÃóÒóáöíøðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ íóÇ ãõæÓóì¡ íóÇ ÚöíÓóì.
Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍöÒúÈóíúäö: ÍöÒúÈðÇ ÚóÑóÝõæÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏöíãðÇ áóãú íóÒóáú íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÑõæÝðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÍõÑõæÝðÇ æóÃóÕúæóÇÊðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝó ãõÊóÚóÇÞöÈóÉñ: ÇáúÈóÇÁõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøöíäö¡ æóÇáÕøóæúÊõ áóÇ íóÈúÞóì¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÔóíúÁò ßóÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö ; ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæúÊõ ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ ãõæÓóì ÞóÏöíãðÇ áóãú íóÒóáú æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ; ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóáóÇãõåõ ãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÐóÇÊöåö: åõæó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èößõáøö ãóÃúãõæÑò¡ æóÇáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ßõáøö ãóäúåöíøò Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö¡ Åöäú ÚóÈøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ßóÇäó ÞõÑúÂäðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÚóÈøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÚöÈúÑóÇäöíøóÉö (1) ßóÇäó ÊóæúÑóÇÉð¡ æóÅöäú ÚóÈøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáÓøõÑúíóÇäöíøóÉö (2) ßóÇäó ÅöäúÌöíáðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì åõæó ÃóãúÑñ Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Èöåö¡ æóåõæó äóåúíñ Úóäú ßõáøö ãóÇ äóåóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎóÈóÑñ Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö. æóßóæúäõåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ¡ æóäóåúíðÇ¡ æóÎóÈóÑðÇ ÕöÝóÇÊñ áóåõ ÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉñ¡ ãöËúáó ÞóæúáöäóÇ: ÒóíúÏñ ÃóÈñ æóÚóãøñ æóÎóÇáñ¡ áóíúÓóÊú ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÞóÓöãõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇááøóåõ áóãú íóÊóßóáøóãú ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÇáúÚöÈúÑóÇäöíøóÉö (3) ¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö ÇáÓøõÑúíóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãõæÓóì æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÃõÐõäöåö ÕóæúÊðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøó ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Ãóæú ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ áöíõÚóÈøöÑó Èöåö ÚóãøóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ÅöÝúåóÇãõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì (4) ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
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(1) ä¡ æ¡ í: ÈöÇáúÚöÈúÑöíøóÉö.
(2) ã: ÈöÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÉö¡ æó: ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ä¡ æ¡ í: ÈöÇáúÚöÈúÑöíøóÉö.
(4) ÇáúãóÚúäóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(5/417)
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì ÂíóÉö ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö áóíúÓó åõæó ãóÚúäóì ÂíóÉö ÇáÏøóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì: {Þõáú åõæó Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ} ¡ åõæó ãóÚúäóì: {ÊóÈøóÊú íóÏóÇ ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò} ¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÑøóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó ÝóæóÌóÏõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÚóÇäöíó áóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÈóÏúÑò æóÃõÍõÏò æóÇáúÎóäúÏóÞö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ áóãú íõäúÒöáúåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú íõäúÒöáú Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáúÚöÌúáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ßõáøõ ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏðÇ (1) ¿ ! .
æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ãóÚóÇäöíóåö æóÍõÑõæÝóåõ ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑò æóÅöäúÔóÇÁò¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÔóÇÁõ ãöäúåõ ÇáØøóáóÈõ¡ æóÇáØøóáóÈõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò æóäóåúíò¡ æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÈö ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ Êóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÃóäúæóÇÚöåö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãóæúÕõæÝñ ÈöåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ¿ ! .
(* æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÎúÈöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ [áóãøóÇ] (2) ÃóÊóì ãõæÓóì ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó äóÇÏóÇåõ¡ ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ áóãú íõäóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÒóáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÕóæøóÑúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö *) (3) ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó} ) . [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 11] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ãóËóáó ÚöíÓóì ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ßóãóËóáö ÂÏóãó ÎóáóÞóåõ ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈò Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 59] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30] Åöáóì ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäó
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(1) ä: ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò.
(2) áóãøóÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)(5/418)
ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÊõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÃóÒóáöíøðÇ ÃóÈóÏöíøðÇ¡ ãóÇ ÒóÇáó æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ¿ ! æóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ áóãú íóÒóáú æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ¿ ! ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {íóÇäõæÍõ ÇåúÈöØú ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 48] ¡ {íóÇÚöíÓóì Åöäøöí ãõÊóæóÝøöíßó æóÑóÇÝöÚõßó Åöáóíøó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 55] ¡ íóÇ ãõæÓóì: {Åöäøóäöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øóåó: 14] ¡ {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÒøóãøöáõ - Þõãö Çááøóíúáó ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÒøóãøöáö: ÂíóÉõ 1 - 2] .
æóÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøõ áóíúÓó åõæó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö. æóÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö: ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö áóÇ íóÊóÚóÏøóÏõ æóáóÇ íóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ.
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ãõæÓóì áóãøóÇ ßóáøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÝúåóãóåõ ßóáóÇãóåõ ßõáøóåõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖóåõ¿ Åöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: ßõáøóåõ ; ÝóÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó ãõæÓóì íóÚúáóãõ Úöáúãó Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: ÈóÚúÖóåõ ; ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÈóÚøóÖó¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏõßõãú æóÇÍöÏñ áóÇ íóÊóÈóÚøóÖõ.
æóßóÐóáößó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøõ åõæó ÚöäúÏóßõãú áóíúÓó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäúåõ¡ ÃóÝóåõæõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ßõáøöåö¿ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ãóãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåö¿ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Åöáóì ßóáóÇãò ÂÎóÑó íóØõæáõ ÐößúÑõåõ åõäóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍöÒúÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ÝóÓóÇÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö:¡ Èóáú äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÞóÏöíãñ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÍõÑõæÝñ¡ Ãóæú ÍõÑõæÝñ æóÃóÕúæóÇÊñ¡ æóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÝöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóæóÇÖöÚõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÊõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÒöáó åõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ æóåõæó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÚóÑóÈöíøñ.
æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ íõÔóäøöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÅöäúßóÇÑóåõãú (1) Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö ; ÝóÅöäøó
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ È: ÈöÅöäúßóÇÑöåöãú.(5/419)
ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÞõÑúÂäóíúäö: ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÞóÏöíãðÇ¡ æóÞõÑúÂäðÇ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ. ÝóÃóÎóÐó åóÄõáóÇÁö íõÔóäøöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÞõÑúÂäóíúäö.
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃõæáóÆößó: ÝóÃóäúÊõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÚóáúÊõãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøó - æóåõæó ÞóÏöíãñ - ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ¡ æóßõäúÊõãú ãõæóÇÝöÞöíäó áöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóßõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøó ÞóÏöíãñ. ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ýöí ÕóÑóÇÆöÍö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóäóÍúäõ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö äõäúßöÑõ Úóáóíúßõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ æóäóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóßõãõ ÇÈúÊóÏóÚúÊõãõæåõ æóÎóÇáóÝúÊõãú Èöåö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáó æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóßóíúÝó Êóßõæäõ ÇáÓøöíäõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúÈõæÞóÉõ ÈöÇáúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö ÞóÏöíãóÉð ÃóÒóáöíøóÉð (1) ¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÞóÏöíãóÉð¡ æóÇáÕøóæúÊõ (2) ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÞóÏöíãðÇ¿ ! .
æóáóãú íóÞõáú åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó íóÞõæáõæäóåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÇáöãò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ (3) ¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ÐóßóÑó Ýöí " äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö " Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó Þóæúáó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáó ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ ÌõãúåõæÑöåöãú.
ÝóÕóÇÑó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞöíäó áöáÓøóÇáöãöíøóÉö¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞöíäó áöáúßõáøóÇÈöíøöÉö¡ Èóíúäóåõãú ãõäóÇÒóÚóÇÊñ æóãõÎóÇÕóãóÇÊñ¡ Èóáú æóÝöÊóäñ¡ æóÃóÕúáõ Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ: Åöäøó
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(1) ä: ÞóÏöíãóÉð æóÃóÒóáöíøóÉð.
(2) æ¡ Ñ¡ í: Ãóæö ÇáÕøóæúÊõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóÇáöãöíøóÉö 1/156(5/420)
ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÞóÏöíãñ. æóåöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÏúÚóÉñ áóãú íóÞõáúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞò¡ ãöäúåõ ÈóÏóÃó æóÅöáóíúåö íóÚõæÏõ (1) ¡ æóßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ: Åöäøóåõ ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ßóÇÝöíðÇ (2) ÚöäúÏóåõãú. ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóáóÇãðÇ áöãõÊóßóáøöãò áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÝöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íõæÕóÝó ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝõ ÈöÕöÝóÉò áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÞóØøõ ÞóÇÆöãóÉð Èöåö¡ Èóáú áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÇÆöäóÉð Úóäúåõ.
æóãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõåõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãóåõ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊóåõ¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÊóåõ æóßóÑóÇåóÊóåõ¡ æóÑöÖóÇåõ æóÛóÖóÈóåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó - ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊñ áóåõ ãõäúÝóÕöáóÉñ Úóäúåõ ; åõæó ãöãøóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÎóáóÝö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÊóßúÐöíÈó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö (3) ¡ æóÌõÍõæÏö ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåö.
æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ýöí ÑóÏøö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ Èóáú (4) æóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúßõÝúÑö Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóËöíÑñ ãõäúÊóÔöÑñ. æóßóÐóáößó áóãú íóÞõáö ÇáÓøóáóÝõ: [Åöäøó] (5) ÛóÖóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÞóæúãöåö ÞóÏöíãñ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøó ÝóÑóÍóåõ ÈöÊóæúÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÆöÈö ÞóÏöíãñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ãóÇ æóÕóÝó Èöåö äóÝúÓóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÒóÇÁö áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ ãöäú ÑöÖóÇåõ æóÛóÖóÈöåö¡ áóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏöíãñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóÒóÇÁó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÚóãóáö.
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(1) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ¡ (í) ßóÊóÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÈóÏóÃó ãöäúåõ ÊóäúÒöíáðÇ¡ æóíóÚõæÏõ Åöáóíúåö ÍõßúãðÇ ".
(2) ßóÇÝöíðÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ßóÇÝò.
(3) æó: ÇáÑøõÓõáö.
(4) Èóáú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) .
(5) Åöäøó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(5/421)
æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÕóÑöíÍñ ÈöÃóäøó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú ßóÇäóÊú ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÐóáößó ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÓóÝõæäóÇ ÇäúÊóÞóãúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 55] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÎóØó Çááøóåó æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÝóÃóÍúÈóØó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò: 28] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Þõáú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæäöí íõÍúÈöÈúßõãõ Çááøóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 31] ¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
Èóáú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö íóÞõæáõ: " «Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÞóÏú ÛóÖöÈó Çáúíóæúãó ÛóÖóÈðÇ áóãú íóÛúÖóÈú ÞóÈúáóåõ ãöËúáóåõ¡ æóáóäú íóÛúÖóÈó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöËúáóåõ» " (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÞóÇáó: «Õóáøóì ÈöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö Ýöí ÅöËúÑö ÓóãóÇÁò ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó Çááøóíúáö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÊóáó ãöäú ÕöáóÇÊöåö ÞóÇáó (3) : " ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßõãõ ÇááøóíúáóÉó¿ " ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÕúÈóÍó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöí ãõÄúãöäñ Èöí æóßóÇÝöÑñ Èöí¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãõØöÑúäóÇ ÈöÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö Ýóåõæó ãõÄúãöäñ Èöí¡ ßóÇÝöÑñ ÈöÇáúßóæúßóÈö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãõØöÑúäóÇ ÈöäóæúÁö ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöÑñ Èöí¡ ãõÄúãöäñ ÈöÇáúßóæúßóÈö» " (4) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: Èóáú æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/401 - 402
(3) æ: ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÅöËúÑö ÓóãóÇÁò ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÝóÞóÇáó.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò íóÓöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/165 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ íóÓúÊóÞúÈöáõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÅöÐóÇ Óóáøóãó) ãõÓúáöãò 1/83 - 84 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö ßõÝúÑö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãõØöÑúäóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæúÁö) Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/21 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøöÈøö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáäøõÌõæãö) ¡ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 1/192 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÓúÞóÇÁö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöãúØóÇÑö ÈöÇáäøõÌõæãö) .(5/422)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (1) Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: «íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: " æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÚóÈúÏöí íóÊóÞóÑøóÈõ Åöáóíøó ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÝöáö ÍóÊøóì ÃõÍöÈøóåõ» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóØõæáõ ÐößúÑõåõ. æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÏóÑúÁö (3) ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöäöÏóÇÆöåö áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó. æóÇáäøöÏóÇÁõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÕóæúÊðÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÎúÈóÑó: Ãóäøóåõ äóÇÏóì ãõæÓóì Íöíäó ÌóÇÁó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåóÇ äõæÏöíó Ãóäú ÈõæÑößó ãóäú Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö æóãóäú ÍóæúáóåóÇ æóÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 8] ¡ {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ äõæÏöíó íóÇãõæÓóì - Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 11 - 12] ¡ {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ äõæÏöíó ãöäú ÔóÇØöÆö ÇáúæóÇÏöí ÇáúÃóíúãóäö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 30] ¡ {æóÅöÐú äóÇÏóì ÑóÈøõßó ãõæÓóì Ãóäö ÇÆúÊö ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 10] ¡ {æóäóÇÏóíúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáØøõæÑö ÇáúÃóíúãóäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 52] {åóáú ÃÊóÇßó ÍóÏöíËõ ãõæÓóì - ÅöÐú äóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÏöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓö Øõæðì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 15 - 16] ¡ {æóãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáØøõæÑö ÅöÐú äóÇÏóíúäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 46] ¡ {æóíóæúãó íõäóÇÏöíåöãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ Ãóíúäó ÔõÑóßóÇÆöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÒúÚõãõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 62 - 74]
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(1) È (ÝóÞóØú) : æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/105 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó ãóäú ÚóÇÏóì áöí æóáöíøðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÂÐóäúÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÑúÈö¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÈó Åöáóíøó ÚóÈúÏöí ÈöÔóíúÁò ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíøó ãöãøóÇ ÇÝúÊóÑóÖúÊõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÚóÈúÏöí íóÊóÞóÑøóÈõ Åöáóíøó ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÝöáö. . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó "¡ æóåõæó Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 6/256
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÏóÑúÁö. .¡ æ: åóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.(5/423)
[Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö] (1) {æóíóæúãó íõäóÇÏöíåöãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ ãóÇÐóÇ ÃóÌóÈúÊõãõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 65] ¡ {æóäóÇÏóÇåõãóÇ ÑóÈøõåõãóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 22] .
Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú ãõäóÇÏöíðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÒóáö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÈóÏö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÇáúÚóÞúáó¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö (2) áóãú íõäóÇÏö¡ æóáóßöäú ÎóáóÞó äöÏóÇÁð Ýöí ÔóÌóÑóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ; áóÒöãó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉõ åöíó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáóÉõ: Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÇÓö: äóÇÏóì ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ¡ ÅöÐú ÃóãóÑó ãõäóÇÏöíðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõäóÇÏöíó Úóäö ÇáúÃóãöíÑö íóÞõæáõ: ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ ÈößóÐóÇ¡ æóÑóÓóãó ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäõ ÈößóÐóÇ¡ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊõßõãú. æóáóæú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó áóÃóåóÇäóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ.
æóÇáúãõäóÇÏöí ÞóÇáó áöãõæÓóì: {Åöäøóäöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúäöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 14] ¡ {Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 30] ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáóåõ ãóáóßñ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåõ Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞúÑóÃõ äóÍúäõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ æóÇáúãóáóßõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáäøöÏóÇÁö ÞóÇáó ßóãóÇ [ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Çááøóåõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ äóÇÏóì ÌöÈúÑöíáó: Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó íõäóÇÏöí ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøõæåõ» " (4) ÝóÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÅöÐóÇ
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(1) Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Ñ¡ Í¡ í¡ æ: äóÝúÓõåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/111 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö) ¡ æóÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ". . ÝóÃóÍöÈøõæåõ¡ ÝóíõÍöÈøõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó íõæÖóÚõ áóåõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ". æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/14 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãöÞóÉö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì) 9/142 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáÑøóÈøö ãóÚó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóäöÏóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2030 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó Çááøóåõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÍóÈøóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/378 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 14/48¡ 16/209¡ 18/81 - 82 (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 2/514(5/424)
äóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÍöÈøõæåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ äóÇÏóì ÌöÈúÑöíáó íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ äóÇÏóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÇÏóÊúåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ íõÕóáøöí Ýöí ÇáúãöÍúÑóÇÈö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÈóÔøöÑõßó ÈöíóÍúíóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 39] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÇãóÑúíóãõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóÇßö æóØóåøóÑóßö æóÇÕúØóÝóÇßö Úóáóì äöÓóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 42] .
æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÞóØøõ áöãóÎúáõæÞò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú íóÏúÚõæäöí ÝóÃóÓúÊóÌöíÈõ áóåõ¿ ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõäöí ÝóÃõÚúØöíóåö¿ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõäöí ÝóÃóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõ¿ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÕöÝóÉð Ýöí ãóÍóáøò ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó Ýöí ãóÍóáøò ÚöáúãðÇ Ãóæú ÞõÏúÑóÉð Ãóæú ÍóíóÇÉð Ãóæú ÍóÑóßóÉð Ãóæú áóæúäðÇ Ãóæú ÓóãúÚðÇ Ãóæú ÈóÕóÑðÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ åõæó ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ Èöåö¡ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ¡ ÇáúãõÊóÍóÑøößõ¡ ÇáúÍóíøõ¡ ÇáúãõÊóáóæøöäõ¡ ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ¡ ÇáúÈóÕöíÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÈøó áóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ ÈöãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ Ýöí ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊøóÕöÝõ ÈöÕöÝóÇÊöåö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉö Èöåö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóæúÕõæÝò áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö¡ áóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö æóáóãú íóÞõãú Èöåö.
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáäøöÏóÇÁõ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ; áóßóÇäóÊú åöíó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáóÉõ: Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ (1) Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ßóáóÇãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ßóáóÇãñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöäúØóÇÞõåõ áöÃóÚúÖóÇÁö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ßóáóÇãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÊóÓúÈöíÍõ ÇáúÍóÕóì ßóáóÇãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÊóÓúáöíãõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ßóáóÇãðÇ áóåõ¡ Èóáú íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ ßóáóÇãò Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ßóáóÇãóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò.
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(1) ä: Çááøóåõ.(5/425)
æóåóßóÐóÇ ØóÑúÏõ Þóæúáö ÇáúÍõáõæáöíøóÉö ÇáöÇÊøöÍóÇÏöíøóÉö ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó:
æóßõáøõ ßóáóÇãò Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ßóáóÇãõåõ ... ÓóæóÇÁñ ÚóáóíúäóÇ äóËúÑõåõ æóäöÙóÇãõåõ (1)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøõ (2) : ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {Åöäøóäöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúäöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 14] ãóÎúáõæÞñ¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö Þóæúáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: {ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 42] ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞñ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞñ¡ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áöãóÇ ÞóÇãó Èöåö.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÕöÝóÉõ ÝöÚúáò¡ Ýöíåö ÊóáúÈöíÓñ.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: ÃóÊõÑöíÏõæäó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÝúÚõæáñ ãõäúÝóÕöáñ Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö¿ Ãóãú ÊõÑöíÏõæäó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇÆöãñ Èöåö¿ (3) .
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÞóØøõ ãõÊóßóáøöãñ ÈößóáóÇãò¡ æóßóáóÇãõåõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ ßóæúäóåõ ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÚöáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÝúÚõæáõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ ÈóÇÆöäðÇ Úóäúåõ.
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(1) ÇáúÈóíúÊõ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí " ÇáúÝõÊõæÍóÇÊö ÇáúãóßøöíøóÉö " (Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1329) 4/141 æóäóÕøõåõ åõäóÇßó: ÃóáóÇ ßõáøõ Þóæúáò Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ßóáóÇãõåõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÚóáóíúäóÇ äóËúÑõåõ æóäöÙóÇãõåõ æóÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊúáõæåõ: íóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÃóÓúãóÇÚó ßõáøö ãõßóæøóäò Ýóãöäúåõ Åöáóíúåö ÈóÏúÄõåõ æóÎöÊóÇãõåõ
(2) ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøõ¡ ÃóÈõæ ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö "¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ ËöÞóÉñ ÕóÏõæÞñ¡ ÊõæÝøöíó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ ÓóäóÉó 219 (æóÞöíáó 220) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 4/187 - 188 ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 2/45¡ ÇáúÚöÈóÑö 1/376 - 377
(3) ä: Åöäøóåõ ãõÊóßóáøöãñ Èöåö¡ ã¡ Ñ: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇÆöãñ.(5/426)
æóÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ ÇáúãõäúÝóÕöáõ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÈøö áóíúÓó åõæó ÎóáúÞõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ Èóáú ÎóáúÞõåõ áöáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö (1) æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÎóáúÞõ åõæó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ¡ ÝóÑøõæÇ ãöäú ÃõãõæÑò ÙóäøõæåóÇ ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÑøõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÔóÑøðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÝóÑøõæÇ ãöäúåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö áóßóÇäó ÅöãøóÇ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ÍóÇÏöËðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏöíãðÇ áóÒöãó ÞöÏóãõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÏöËðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÎóáúÞò ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ.
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãóäúÞõæÖñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáößõãú (2) ; ÝóÅöäøóßõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÉò ÞóÏöíãóÉò¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏóÇÊõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÍóÇÏöËóÉñ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ ÍóÇÏöËðÇ¿ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÌóÇÆöÒò¡ Èóáö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÊõÞóÇÑöäõ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó¡ áóÒöãó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö Èöåö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæãó Èöåö ÎóáúÞñ ãõÞóÇÑöäñ áöáúãóÎúáõæÞö. ÝóáóÒöãó ÝóÓóÇÏõ Þóæúáößõãú Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÎóáúÞó ÍóÇÏöËñ. Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøóåõ ãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò ÂÎóÑó. ÝóÅöäøóßõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÍóÇÏöËóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò ÍóÇÏöËò. Ýóáöãó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóÎúáõæÞóÉð ÈöÎóáúÞò ÍóÇÏöËò¿ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò ÂÎóÑó.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÍõÏõæËóåóÇ ÈöÎóáúÞò ÍóÇÏöËò ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚõÞõæáö ãöäú ÍõÏõæËöåóÇ ßõáøöåóÇ ÈöáóÇ ÎóáúÞò ÃóÕúáðÇ ; ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÍóÇÏöËò íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõßõãú¡ æóÅöäú
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö.
(2) ä: ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãóäúÕõæÕñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáößõãú¡ ã: ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: ÎóÇáóÝóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: Èóáú.(5/427)
ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò¡ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ äóÝúÓõåõ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞò ÂÎóÑó.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáÊøóãúËöíáõ ÈößóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÍóÞøñ æóÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ áóåõãú Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ØóÑöíÞóÇäö ãõÈúÊóÏóÚóÇäö æóØóÑöíÞñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ¡ ÝóÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ åõæó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÃóÏöáøóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãõæÌóÈöåóÇ ; ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú Úöáúãò ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö (1) æóÚóãóáò Èöåö¡ áóÇ íóßúÝöí ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ãõÊóÖóãøöäñ áöáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó Èóíøóäó ÈöÇáúÈóÑóÇåöíäö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö ãóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÇáÓøóãúÚõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÈóíøóäõæÇ áöáäøóÇÓö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäú ßõáøö ãóËóáò¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøöÑóÇØõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõæåõ åöÏóÇíóÊóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÇäö ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏóÚóÇäö: ÝóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ØóÑöíÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúÈöÏúÚöíøö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáúÈöÏúÚöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ Ýöíåö ÈóÇØöáñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö íõÝóÑøöØõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÝóÓóÇÏö Úöáúãò æóÝóÓóÇÏö Úóãóáò¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ãõäúÍóÑöÝõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ØóÑöíÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö æóÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÈöÏúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö
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(1) Í: ãöäú Úöáúãö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö.(5/428)
ãõäúÍóÑöÝõæäó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉö. ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÝøóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ äóÝúÓóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÇÖóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚõáõæãõ ÈöáóÇ ÊóÚóáøõãò¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö Êóßõæäõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÊõåõ (1) ãõÈúÊóÏóÚóÉð¡ Èóáú ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉð áöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóíóÈúÞõæäó (2) Ýöí ÝóÓóÇÏò ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ æóÝóÓóÇÏò ãöäú äóÞúÕö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäú (3) åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÊóÞúÏóÍõ ßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóíóäúÊóÍöáõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ áóíúÓó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöãóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóáóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö: {ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ íóåõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÍóäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 67] ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÊøóÕóæøõÝö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóÚóËóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúÍößúãóÉö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Ãåá ÇáäÙÑ æÃåá ÇáÑíÇÖÉ]
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáäøóÙóÑö íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ÈöáóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ Ïöíäò æóáóÇ ÊóÒúßöíóÉò áöáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ØóÑöíÞó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝõ (4) ¡ ÈöáóÇ ÊóÚóáøõãò æóáóÇ äóÙóÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÏóÈøõÑò áöáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
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(1) Í¡ È¡ Ñ: ÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊõåõ.
(2) Í¡ È: ÝóíóÞóÚõæäó.
(3) ãöäú: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Èóíúäó.
(4) ä¡ ã: ØóÑöíÞó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝõ¡ æ: ØóÑöíÞó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ Í¡ È: ØóÑöíÞó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝõ.(5/429)
æóßöáóÇ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÛóÇáöØñ¡ Èóáú áöÊóÒúßöíóÉö ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÊóÞúæóì Çááøóåö ÊóÃúËöíÑñ ÚóÙöíãñ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóßöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÚóãóáö áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÙóÑò æóÊóÏóÈøõÑò æóÝóåúãò áöãóÇ ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáó. æóáóæú ÊóÚóÈøóÏó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÇ ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóÊóÚóÈøóÏó¡ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ãóÇ ÎóÕøó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Ðóáößó ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú äóÙóÑó æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ãóÇÐóÇ ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÙõÑó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÚóáøõãö ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáÊøóÚóáøõãõ ÇáúãõØóÇÈöÞõ (1) ÇáäøóÇÝöÚõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÒóÇÛõæÇ ÃóÒóÇÛó Çááøóåõ ÞõáõæÈóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÕøóÝøö: 5] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ íõÔúÚöÑõßõãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó - æóäõÞóáøöÈõ ÃóÝúÆöÏóÊóåõãú æóÃóÈúÕóÇÑóåõãú ßóãóÇ áóãú íõÄúãöäõæÇ Èöåö Ãóæøóáó ãóÑøóÉò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáöÃóäúÚóÇãö: 109 - 110] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóæúáöåöãú ÞõáõæÈõäóÇ ÛõáúÝñ Èóáú ØóÈóÚó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈößõÝúÑöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 155] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóáøóÇ Èóáú ÑóÇäó Úóáóì ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÓöÈõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÝøöÝöíäó: 14] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóæóáóãú íóåúÏö áöáøóÐöíäó íóÑöËõæäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÃóåúáöåóÇ Ãóäú áóæú äóÔóÇÁõ ÃóÕóÈúäóÇåõãú ÈöÐõäõæÈöåöãú æóäóØúÈóÚõ Úóáóì ÞõáõæÈöåöãú Ýóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 100] .
æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóæú Ãóäøóåõãú ÝóÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ íõæÚóÙõæäó Èöåö áóßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ áóåõãú æóÃóÔóÏøó ÊóËúÈöíÊðÇ - æóÅöÐðÇ áóÂÊóíúäóÇåõãú ãöäú áóÏõäøóÇ ÃóÌúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ - æóáóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú ÕöÑóÇØðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 66 - 68] .
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇááøóÇÆöÞõ.(5/430)
æóÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö äõæÑñ æóßöÊóÇÈñ ãõÈöíäñ - íóåúÏöí Èöåö Çááøóåõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ ÓõÈõáó ÇáÓøóáóÇãö æóíõÎúÑöÌõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Åöáóì ÇáäøõæÑö ÈöÅöÐúäöåö æóíóåúÏöíåöãú Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 15 - 16] .
æóÞóÇáó: {åóÐóÇ ÈóíóÇäñ áöáäøóÇÓö æóåõÏðì æóãóæúÚöÙóÉñ áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 138] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö åõÏðì áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 2] .
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÌóÇÚó æóÓóåöÑó æóÎóáóÇ æóÕóãóÊó æóÝóÚóáó ãóÇÐóÇ ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõåúÊóÏöíðÇ Åöäú áóãú íóÊóÚóÈøóÏú ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóáóÞøó Úöáúãó ÇáúÛóíúÈö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÃóÒúßóì ÇáäøóÇÓö äóÝúÓðÇ¡ æóÃóßúãóáóåõãú ÚóÞúáðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúæóÍúíö: {æóßóÐóáößó ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÑõæÍðÇ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöäóÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ æóáóßöäú ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ äõæÑðÇ äóåúÏöí Èöåö ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 52] .
æóÞóÇáó: {Þõáú Åöäú ÖóáóáúÊõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÖöáøõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöí æóÅöäö ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõ ÝóÈöãóÇ íõæÍöí Åöáóíøó ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ ÓóãöíÚñ ÞóÑöíÈñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÓóÈóÃò: 50] .
æóÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöãøóÇ íóÃúÊöíóäøóßõãú ãöäøöí åõÏðì Ýóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó åõÏóÇíó ÝóáóÇ íóÖöáøõ æóáóÇ íóÔúÞóì - æóãóäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú ÐößúÑöí ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ ãóÚöíÔóÉð ÖóäúßðÇ - æóäóÍúÔõÑõåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÃóÚúãóì - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö áöãó ÍóÔóÑúÊóäöí ÃóÚúãóì æóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ - ÞóÇáó ßóÐóáößó ÃóÊóÊúßó ÂíóÇÊõäóÇ ÝóäóÓöíÊóåóÇ æóßóÐóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÊõäúÓóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 123 - 126] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÚúÔõ Úóäú ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö äõÞóíøöÖú áóåõ ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ Ýóåõæó áóåõ ÞóÑöíäñ}(5/431)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 36] Ãóíú: Úóäö ÇáÐøößúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáúÊõåõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: íóÚúÔõ Úóäúåõ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊõ Åöáóì ßóáóÇãöåö æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ÚöÞóÇÈóåõ.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ: {æóåóÐóÇ ÐößúÑñ ãõÈóÇÑóßñ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 50] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ãóÇ íóÃúÊöíåöãú ãöäú ÐößúÑò ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãú ãõÍúÏóËò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 2] ¡ æóÔóÇåöÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {æóãóäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú ÐößúÑöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 124] Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {ßóÐóáößó ÃóÊóÊúßó ÂíóÇÊõäóÇ ÝóäóÓöíÊóåóÇ æóßóÐóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÊõäúÓóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Øå: 126] Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ÚóÔóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞóíøóÖõ áóåõ ÔóíúØóÇäñ íõÖöáøõåõ¡ æóáóæú ÊóÚóÈøóÏó ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚóÈøóÏó.
" æóíóÚúÔõ " Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: " íóÚúãóì " æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁñ æóÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÞóÇáó: " ÊõÙúáöãõ Úóíúäõåõ " (1) æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó æóÑóÌøóÍóåõ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: " íõÚúÑöÖõ ". æóÇáúÚóÔóÇ ÖóÚúÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÕóÑö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Þöíáó: Ýöíåö íóÚúÔõ. æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: íõÚúÑöÖõ¡ æóåõæó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÞóÇáóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ æóÇáÒøóÌøóÇÌõ (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ; ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " íóÚúÔõ " Öõãøöäó ãóÚúäóì " íõÚúÑöÖú " æóáöåóÐóÇ ÚõÏøöíó ÈöÍöÑóÝö ÇáúÌóÇÑøö (3) " Úóäú " ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóäúÊó ÃóÚúãóì Úóäú ãóÍóÇÓöäö ÝõáóÇäò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúÑóÖúÊó Ýóáóãú ÊóäúÙõÑú ÅöáóíúåóÇ. ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: " íóÚúÔõ " Ãóíú: íóßõäú (4) ÃóÚúÔóì ÚóäúåóÇ (5) ¡ æóåõæó Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóãóì (6) ¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúÙõÑú ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ äóÙóÑðÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ.
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(1) ä¡ Ñ: Úóíúäóíúåö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú " ÒóÇÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÑö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö 7/314 - 315
(3) È ÝóÞóØú: ÇáúÌóÑøö.
(4) íóßõäú: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö íóßõæäõ.
(5) Í: ãöäúåóÇ.
(6) ÇáúÚóãóì: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáúÃóÚúãóì.(5/432)
æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÖøóáóÇáö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÓóáóÝöåöãú ; áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÍúÓóÈõæäó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÔóæúÇ Úóäúåõ ÝóÞõíøöÖóÊú áóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ¡ ÊóÞúÊóÑöäõ Èöåöãú æóÊóÕõÏøõåõãú Úóäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö¡ æóåõãú íóÍúÓóÈõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ãóäú áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó ÈóíóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÚöáúãðÇ æóÚóãóáðÇ ÃóÈóÏðÇ ; áößóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö ãöäú æóÓóÇæöÓö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö (1) .
æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑøóÉò ÑóÌõáñ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝóÖúáö æóÇáÐøóßóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÔóÎúÕò ÓóãøóÇåõ áöí¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ ÏõÑõæÓðÇ ãöäó " ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäú " ÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö " ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÍóÇáöí ÞóÏú ÊóÛóíøóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ äõæÑñ æóåõÏðì¡ æóÑõÄöíóÊú áóåõ ãóäóÇãóÇÊñ ÓóíøöÆóÉñ¡ ÝóÑóÂåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÈöÍóÇáò ÓóíøöÆóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åöíó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈößó.
æóÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Ïöíäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ãóäøó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáúÍóÇÏðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö " ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö " íóÙõäøõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÈõÍõæËðÇ ÊõÍóÕøöáõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó.
ÞóÇáó ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúåö: ãõÍóÕøóáñ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ÍóÇÕöáõåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö ÃóÕúáñ ÈöáóÇ Ïöíäö ÃóÕúáõ ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÇÊö æóÇáÔøóßøö ÇáúãõÈöíäö ÝóãóÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÃóßúËóÑõåõ æóÍúíõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõÈó Úóáóì " ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö " ãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÝöíãóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö.(5/433)
ÐóßóÑóåõ¡ ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚóåõ (1) ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÊóßóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó (2) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãóáö¡ ÝóãóÇ (3) Ýöí " ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö " æóÓóÇÆöÑö ßõÊõÈö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝö Ãóåúáõåõ: ßõÊõÈõ (4) ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö æóãóäú ÍóÐóÇ ÍóÐúæóåõãú¡ æóßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö æóäóÍúæö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑõÓõáóåõ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Èóáú íõæÌóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ÍóÞøñ ãóáúÈõæÓñ ÈöÈóÇØöáò.
æóíóßúÝöíßó äóÝúÓõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÎóáúÞö ÇáÑøóÈøö ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊöåö áóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö æÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáÏøóåúÑöíøóÉö: ÅöãøóÇ ÇáúÚöáøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõËúÈöÊõåóÇ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉõ ÇáÏøóåúÑöíøóÉõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊõËúÈöÊõåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ. Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö ÃóËúÈóÊó Êöáúßó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉó (5) ¡ æóãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÍóÞóÇÆöÞó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåóÇ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉñ áöÕóÑóÇÆöÍö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö (6) .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝóÉõ ÊõËúÈöÊõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãõ
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí " ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÏøõÑøöíøóÉö " Õ 37: " æóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÔóÑúÍö Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö ãõÌóáøóÏñ "¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ýöí " ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó " Õ 19 æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ßöÊóÇÈõ " ãõÍóÕøóáö ÃóÝúßóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó " áöáÑøóÇÒöíøö.
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí " ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÝóÏöíøóÉö " 2/281: " ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ßóÊóÈúäóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøõÙøóÇÑö Ýöí Ðóáößó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö " ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáö " æóÚóáóì " ãóäúØöÞö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö " æóÚóáóì " ÇáúãóäúØöÞö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøö ": ãõÕóäøóÝñ ßóÈöíÑñ æóãõÕóäøóÝñ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑñ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ".
(3) ä¡ ã: ßóãóÇ.
(4) Í¡ È: æóßõÊõÈõ¡ Ñ: ßóßõÊõÈö.
(5) Í¡ È: Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó Êöáúßó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉó¡ í¡ Ñ: Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉö ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó Êöáúßó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉó.
(6) Í¡ È: áöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.(5/434)
ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞõæøóÉñ ÞõÏúÓöíøóÉñ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøõÝõæÓö (1) ; áößóæúäöåóÇ ÃóÞúæóì äóíúáðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóÞúæóì ÊóÃúËöíÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóÃóÞúæóì ÊóÎóíøõáðÇ áöãóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõåõ (2) Ýöí ÕõæóÑò ãõÊóÎóíøóáóÉò æóÃóÕúæóÇÊò ãõÊóÎóíøóáóÉò¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÎóÇÕøóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöåóÇ Ýóåõæó äóÈöíøõ ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÞõÏúÓöíøóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑõ Ýöí Çáúåóíõæáöíøö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÎóíøóáõåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÃóÕúæóÇÊò åöíó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö¡ æóãöäú ÕõæóÑò åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ [Çááøóåö] (3) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÚöäúÏó ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇáúÚóÇáóãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑó íõæÌóÏõ áößóËöíÑò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõãú äóÕöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ØóãöÚó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö: Åöäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ãõßúÊóÓóÈóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íõËúÈöÊõæÇ áöáøóåö ÚöáúãðÇ ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ßóáóÇãðÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ Èöåö ÊóäúÒöáõ Èöåö ãóáóÇÆößóÊõåõ (4) .
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉó æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉó íóÑõÏøõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú ÊóÇÑóÉð ÑóÏøðÇ ãõÞóÇÑöÈðÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÑóÏøðÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ ; áößóæúäöåöãú ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÕóÇäöÚó ÇáúÚóÇáóãö íõÑóÌøöÍõ ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáöíäó ÈöáóÇ ãõÑóÌøöÍò¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó íõÑóÌøöÍõ ÈöáóÇ ãõÑóÌøöÍò¡ æóÒóÚóãó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú (5) Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí ÇáÊøóÇãøö áóÇ íóÌöÈõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóÝóÒöÚõæÇ (6) ãöäó ÇáúãõæÌöÈö ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö. æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõæÌöÈö ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ãõÌúãóáñ¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚóÊúåõ ÇáúãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝóÉõ ÈóÇØöáñ ;
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(1) Í¡ È: íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: íóÚúÞöáõåõ.
(3) ä¡ È: åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ¡ Í¡ í: ÚöäúÏóåõãú åöíó ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ Ñ: åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú åöíó ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æó: åöíó ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóåö.
(4) È: íóäúÒöáõ Èöåö ãóáóÇÆößóÊõåõ¡ æó: íõäúÒöáõ ãóáóÇÆößóÉð.
(5) ä: ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã¡ È: ÝóÝóÑóÚõæÇ.(5/435)
ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ãõæÌöÈðÇ ÈöÐóÇÊò ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉò Úóäö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ãóÝúÚõæáóÇÊöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÊóÃóÎøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö ãóÇ íõÖóãøöäõæäóåõ äóÝúíó ÕöÝóÇÊöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉö Èöåö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ áóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚõæåõ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö.
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ãóÐóÇåöÈöåöãú æóÅöÈúØóÇáöåóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ æóÇÖúØöÑóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÏóÚúæóÇåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÚöáøóÉñ ãõæÌöÈóÉñ áöáúãóÚúáõæáö (1) ÃóÒóáðÇ æóÃóÈóÏðÇ ÝóÇÓöÏóÉñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åõæó ãõæÌöÈñ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ ; ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö¡ ÝóÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì áóåõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ ÈöÐóÇÊöåö äöÒóÇÚñ áóÝúÙöíøñ.
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö áóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö íóáúÒóãõ æõÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÏõæÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ æóÞóÏú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ¡ ÝóíõÑóÌøöÍõ (2) Åöäú ÍóÕóáó ÈöáóÇ ãõÑóÌøöÍò.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉó ÊõËúÈöÊõ äõÈõæøóÉð áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÝóÕúáó ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ æóáóÇ ßóãóÇáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕóåõ ÞóØøõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö (3) ÇáäøóÇÓö äóÈöíøðÇ.
Ëõãøó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú íóÎúáõÞõ Çááøóåõ ßóáóÇãðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóíóäúÒöáõ Èöåö Çáúãóáóßõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßõáøóÇÈöíøóÉõ ÝóÚöäúÏóåõãõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÃóäúÊó ÚóÈúÏöí æóÑóÓõæáöí. ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ ã: áöáúãóÝúÚõæáö.
(2) æ: ÝóÑóÌøóÍó.
(3) Í¡ ã¡ È: ãóäú åõæó ÃóÌúåóáõ.(5/436)
ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöáúÍõßúãö ãóÚúäðì ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö Èöåö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöãõ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ Èöåö áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäó (1) Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÕøóÇáúÍóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÊóãóíøóÒóÊú Èöåö (2) Úóäö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóãóÑó ÈöåóÇ áöÃóÌúáöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõãú íõËúÈöÊõæäó áöáøóåö ÔóÑöíÚóÉð ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóíõæÌöÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóíõÍóÑøöãõæäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íõÍóÑøóãõ (3) Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÌúÚóáõæäó ÃóãúÑóåõ æóäóåúíóåõ¡ æóÍõÈøóåõ æóÈõÛúÖóåõ¡ æóÑöÖóÇåõ æóÓõÎúØóåõ - áóåõ ËÃËíÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ Èóáú ÕöÝóÇÊõåóÇ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ßóÇÔöÝò¡ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎúÈöÑõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö æóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÈöãóÇ åöíó ãõÊøóÕöÝóÉñ Èöåö.
æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÕúØóÝöí ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÑõÓõáðÇ æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáöÇÕúØöÝóÇÁõ ÇÝúÊöÚóÇáñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÝöíóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó ÇÝúÊöÚóÇáñ ãöäó ÇáúÎöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóíóÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãõÕúØóÝðì. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÍóíúËõ íóÌúÚóáõ ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 124] (4) Ýóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú íóÌúÚóáõåõ ÑóÓõæáðÇ ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÌúÚóáúåõ ÑóÓõæáðÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÕúáõÍõ áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö (5) áóÇãúÊóäóÚó åóÐóÇ.
æóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáóÊú ÎóÏöíÌóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - áóãøóÇ ÝóÌóÃó ÇáúæóÍúíõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (6)
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(1) Í: áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ.
(2) È: ÈöåóÇ.
(3) Í: ãóÇ íõÍóÑøöãõæäó.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ æ: ÍóíúËõ íóÌúÚóáõ ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö.
(5) Í¡ Ñ: íóÕöáõ Åöáóì ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ í: íóÕöáõ áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö.
(6) ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáúæóÍúíõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö.(5/437)
- Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎóÇÝó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ: " ßóáøóÇ æóÇááøóåö áóÇ íõÎúÒöíßó Çááøóåõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ Åöäøóßó áóÊóÕöáõ ÇáÑøóÍöãó¡ æóÊóÕúÏõÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÊóÍúãöáõ Çáúßóáøó¡ æóÊõßúÓöÈõ ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãó¡ æóÊõÞúÑöí ÇáÖøóíúÝó¡ æóÊõÚöíäó Úóáóì äóæóÇÆöÈö ÇáúÍóÞøö " (1) ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÎóÏöíÌóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - ÃóÚúÞóáõ æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÑóÃóÊú Ãóäøó ãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö áöÚóÏúáöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö¡ áóÇ íõÎúÒöíåö Çááøóåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÍößúãóÉó ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÃúÈóì Ðóáößó.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÚöäúÏóåõãú åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íõÎúÒöí ãóäú íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú íõäóÈøóÃõ ÔóÑøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÇáúãóÇÒöÑöíøõ (2) æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÎóÏöíÌóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úóáóì åöÑóÞúáó ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáó Úóäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (3) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/419 - 420
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÇáúãóÇÒöäöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ ÇáúãóÇÒöÑöíøõ¡ ãõÍóÏøöËñ æóãöäú ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö¡ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì ãóÇÒöÑó ÈöÌóÒöíÑóÉö ÕöÞöáøöíóÉó¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 453 åÜ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 536 åÜ¡ æóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõ " ÇáúßóÔúÝö æóÇáúÅöäúÈóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÍúíóÇÁö áöáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö "¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 3/413 ÇáÏøöíÈóÇÌö ÇáúãõÐóåøóÈö áöÇÈúäö ÝóÑúÍõæäó Õ 279 - 281 ÔóÐóÑóÇÊö ÇáÐøóåóÈö 4/114 ÇáúÚöÈóÑö 4/100 - 101¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 7/164¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÓöíÑóÉó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö Õ 72 - 73 - 79 - 81¡ 109 - 110¡ 112 - 121
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/434 æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ åöÑóÞúáó ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåóÇ: 1/4 - 6 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúæóÍúíö ÈóÇÈñ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö) ¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ØóÈúÚóÉö Ï. ÇáúÈõÛóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö 51¡ 2535¡ 2650¡ 2738¡ 2778¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1393 - 1397 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì åöÑóÞúáó. .) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 4/110 - 114 æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ (Õ 110) : " æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÈö æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌúåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÓúØóáóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/70 "(5/438)
æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÑóÓõæáðÇ ÝóÖóáøóåõ ÈöÕöÝóÇÊò ÃõÎúÑóì áóãú Êóßõäú ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð Ýöíåö ÞóÈúáó ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÙúåóÑõ áößõáøö ãóäú ÑóÃóì ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú æóÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö. æóÊöáúßó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæóÍúíö ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÕöÝóÉò ÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉò ßóÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ [áóãøóÇ] (1) ÕóÇÑó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö - ßóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö - áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö¡ ÊóÌöÏõåõãú Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ßõÊõÈöåöãú¡ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð ßõáøõåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ ãöËúáó ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöáúåöáóÇáö (2) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÓúÃóáõæäóßó Úóäö ÇáúÃóåöáøóÉö Þõáú åöíó ãóæóÇÞöíÊõ áöáäøóÇÓö æóÇáúÍóÌøö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 189] ÝóÐóßóÑó Þóæúáó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö Ýöíåö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Þóæúáó ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑó íóÍúÏõËõ Ýöíåö ÇáÖøóæúÁõ ÈöáóÇ ÓóÈóÈò ÃóÕúáðÇ æóáóÇ áöÍößúãóÉò (3) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ Êóßóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóØóÑö íóÐúßõÑõ Þóæúáó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ Úóäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÕóÇÚöÏö æóÇáúãõäúÚóÞöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæøö¡ æóÞóæúáó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÈöáóÇ ÓóÈóÈò¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ Þóæúáó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ äóÒóáó ãöäó
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(1) áóãøóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í)
(2) Ãóíö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö " ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö " Ãóæú " ãóÝóÇÊöíÍö ÇáúÛóíúÈö "¡ " Ø. ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãõÍóãøóÏ¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1357 1938) 5/132 - 136 æóÇäúÙõÑú Þóæúáóåõ (Õ 132) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóäóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ãöäú ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ãöäú äõÞúØóÉò ãõÚóíøóäóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÝóáóßö ÈöÍóÑóßóÊöåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáóÉö Úóäú ÎöáóÇÝö ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáúÝóáóßö¡ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÊóÚõæÏó Åöáóì Êöáúßó ÇáäøõÞúØóÉö ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇÕúØóáóÍõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáäøõÞúØóÉó. . ÅöáóÎú ".(5/439)
ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö. æóÞóÏú íõÑóÌøöÍõ (1) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö (2) ¡ æóíóÌúÒöãõ ÈöÝóÓóÇÏöåö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ [Èóáú ÓóÇÆöÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó] (3) ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó ÇáúãóØóÑó äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö.
æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö " Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇÓúãñ áößõáøö ãóÇ ÚóáóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇÓúãõ ÌöäúÓò áöáúÚóÇáöí¡ áóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {ÝóáúíóãúÏõÏú ÈöÓóÈóÈò Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 15] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 99] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÃóÃóãöäúÊõãú ãóäú Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó: 16] ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚõáõæøõ¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÚóíøóäõ åõäóÇ ÈöÇáÓøóÞúÝö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóåõäóÇ (4) ÈöÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö¡ æóåõäóÇßó ÈöãóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ßõáøöåö.
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 99] Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö¡ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ÌöÓúãò ãõÚóíøóäò. áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó ÈöäõÒõæáöåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊõãõ ÇáúãóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÔúÑóÈõæäó - ÃóÃóäúÊõãú ÃóäúÒóáúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÒúäö Ãóãú äóÍúäõ ÇáúãõäúÒöáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö: 68 - 69] æóÇáúãõÒúäõ: ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÑóÌøóÍó.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóËóáðÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö 4/223
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) È: æóåõäóÇßó.(5/440)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõÒúÌöí ÓóÍóÇÈðÇ Ëõãøó íõÄóáøöÝõ Èóíúäóåõ Ëõãøó íóÌúÚóáõåõ ÑõßóÇãðÇ ÝóÊóÑóì ÇáúæóÏúÞó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÎöáóÇáöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 43] ¡ æóÇáúæóÏúÞõ: ÇáúãóØóÑõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúÓöáõ ÇáÑøöíóÇÍó ÝóÊõËöíÑõ ÓóÍóÇÈðÇ ÝóíóÈúÓõØõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ßóíúÝó íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÌúÚóáõåõ ßöÓóÝðÇ ÝóÊóÑóì ÇáúæóÏúÞó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÎöáóÇáöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÑøõæãö: 48] ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÈúÓõØõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÑöÏú ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÁö åõäóÇ ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó áóÇ íõÈúÓóØõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö¡ Èóáö ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõÔóÇåöÏõæäó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó íõÈúÓóØõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæøö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÚóÇáò: ÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì ÌóÈóáò Ãóæú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáÓøóÍóÇÈõ íõÈúÓóØõ ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóäúÒöáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãóØóÑõ¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóæúÞóåõ.
æóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ (1) áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Úóáóì Þóæúáò [æóÇÍöÏò] (2) ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóäúÕõÑõ åõäóÇ ÞóæúáðÇ¡ æóåõäóÇßó ãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõåõ áöÃóÓúÈóÇÈò ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó.
æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÝúåóãõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúäðì ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ÇáúÚóÞúáó. æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò " ÏóÑúÁó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö (3) ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö " æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÚóÇãøóÉó ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö Ýöí ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖó áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ Óóãøóì ãóÚúÞõæáðÇ ÝóÇÓöÏðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóì ßóáóÇãö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóßõæäó (4) ãóÇ ÃõÖöíÝó
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(1) Ñ¡ æ¡ í: æóÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
(2) æóÇÍöÏò ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (È) .
(3) æ: Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ßóËöíÑò áóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó: ßóÈöíÑò ãõÝúÑóÏò ãóäúÚó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: Ãóæú íóßõæäõ.(5/441)
Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýóåúãñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ ãöäú äóÕøò áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äóÞúáõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚò ÈóÇØöáò.
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ðóãøó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáäøõÌõæãöíøóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÐúãõæãóÉñ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÎóØóÃó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÕóÑøõÝóÇÊöåö¡ æóÃóÚúÑóÖó ÚóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ ÎóÓöÑó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó.
áóßöäú ÞóÏú (1) íóÑõÏøõæäóåóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú ÈöÃóäú íóÏøóÚõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÃóËóÑó áöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáúæöíøóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáÓøõÝúáöíøóÇÊö ÃóÕúáðÇ: ÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö (2) ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ áóßöäú Êöáúßó áóÇ ÊóäúÝöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊõËúÈöÊú ÓóÈóÈðÇ æóãõÓóÈøóÈðÇ æóÍößúãóÉð¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö (3) Ýöí Ðóáößó.
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú íõäóÇÒöÚõæäó (4) Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÏóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö¡ æóíóÏøóÚõæäó ÔóßúáðÇ ÂÎóÑó. æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÓõÆöáúÊõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßó ãõÓúÊóÏöíÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú äóÞóáó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (5) ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí¡ ÃóÍóÏö ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ãöäú
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(1) ÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (æ)
(2) ä¡ ã¡ æ: ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö.
(3) æó: ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ È: ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö.
(4) ä¡ æ: ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ.
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí " ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔöíøóÉö " Ýöí ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö 6/545 - 583¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð 557¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÅöÌóÇÈóÊóåõ áöãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÓõÆöáó ÚóäúåóÇ 6/586 - 591(5/442)
ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóáóåõ äóÍúæõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉö ãõÕóäøóÝò (1) ¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóÒúãò ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö.
æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó Ýöí " ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö " (2) æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóØóÑõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÎúáõÞõåõ ãöäó ÇáúåóæóÇÁö æóãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÕóÇÚöÏö¡ áóßöäøó ÎóáúÞóåõ áöáúãóØóÑö ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÎóáúÞö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ãöäú äõØúÝóÉò¡ æóÎóáúÞõåõ áöáÔøóÌóÑö æóÇáÒøóÑúÚö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÈøö æóÇáäøóæóì¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ (3) ÈöÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÎõáöÞó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóäóÝúÓõ ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ãóÇ ÎõáöÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöãøóÇ Èöåö íóÎúáõÞõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó (4) Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö ÇáúÍóßöíãö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÎúáõÞõ ÇáúãóØóÑó Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑò ãóÚúáõæãò æóÞúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÌõÑõÒö (5) íóÓõæÞõ Åöáóíúåö (6) ÇáúãóÇÁó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÃóãúØóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó:
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(1) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 256 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 336¡ ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö¡ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö 2/3 - 6¡ ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö 11/219¡ ÇáúãóäúåóÌö ÇáúÃóÍúãóÏö Ýöí ÊóÑóÇÌöãö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó áöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÚóáöíãöíøö 2/37 - 39 (Ø. ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö¡ ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏö ãõÍúíí ÇáÏøöíäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö 1383 1963) ¡ ãóäóÇÞöÈó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó (ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÊøõÑúßöíøö) Õ 617¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó 4/69 - 70¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 1/103
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÏøõÑøöíøóÉö) Õ 51 ãöäú ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó (ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì) æóÝöí Õ 52 (æóÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö ÇáÕøõÛúÑóì) .
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ.
(4) Í: Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÇÏøóÉò íóÎúáõÞõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæóÑó¡ Ñ: Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÇÏøóÉò ÊóÎúáõÞõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÇÁò Èöåö ÊõÎúáóÞõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ¡ ã: Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ãóÇÆöåö íóÎúáõÞõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó.
(5) Ýöí " ÇááøöÓóÇäö ": " æóÃóÑúÖñ ãóÌúÑõæÒóÉñ æóÌõÑõÒñ æóÌõÑúÒñ æóÌóÑúÒñ: áóÇ ÊõäúÈöÊõ ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáäøóÈúÊó ÃóßúáðÇ¡ æóÞöíáó: åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏú Ãõßöáó äóÈóÇÊõåóÇ¡ æóÞöíáó: åöíó ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íõÕöÈúåóÇ ãóØóÑñ ".
(6) Í¡ È: ÅöáóíúåóÇ.(5/443)
{íóÓúãóÚõæäó Ãóæóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ ÃóäøóÇ äóÓõæÞõ ÇáúãóÇÁó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÌõÑõÒö ÝóäõÎúÑöÌõ Èöåö ÒóÑúÚðÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ãöäúåõ ÃóäúÚóÇãõåõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú ÃóÝóáóÇ íõÈúÕöÑõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: 27] ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáúÌõÑõÒõ áóÇ (1) ÊõãúØöÑõ ãóÇ íóßúÝöíåóÇ¡ ßóÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó: áóæú ÃóãúØóÑóÊö ÇáúãóØóÑó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏó áóãú íóßúÝöåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÑúÖñ ÅöÈúáöíÒñ (2) . æóÅöäú ÃóãúØóÑóÊú ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöËúáó ãóØóÑö ÔóåúÑò ÎóÑõÈóÊö (3) ÇáúãóÓóÇßöäõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãöäú ÍößúãóÉö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö Ãóäú ÃóãúØóÑó ãóØóÑðÇ ÃóÑúÖðÇ ÈóÚöíÏóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÇÁó Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ (4) íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì Úöáúãö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúãóØóÑó æóÇáÔøóÌóÑó æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÍößúãóÊöåö (5) .
æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóØøõ ÎõáöÞó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãóÇÏøóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÈöãóÎúáõæÞò ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãóÇÏøóÉò.
æóßóÐóáößó ßóæúäõ ßõÓõæÝö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö åõæó ãöãøóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó áóÇ íóäúßóÓöÝóÇäö áöãóæúÊö ÃóÍóÏò æóáóÇ
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: ãóÇ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: Êóáöíäõ¡ í: ÅöÈúáöíäñ¡ æóÝöí " ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúæóÓöíØö " ÇáúÅöÈúáöíÒõ: " ÇáØøöíäõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóáøöÝõåõ äóåúÑõ Çáäøöíáö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÚúÏó ÐóåóÇÈöåö ".
(3) Í: ÃóÎúÑóÈóÊö.
(4) Í¡ È: ÇáúÂíóÉõ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ æ¡ í: ÇáúÍößúãóÉö.(5/444)
áöÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãóÇ ÂíóÊóÇäö ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - íõÎóæøöÝõ [Çááøóåõ] ÈöåöãóÇ (1) ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãú Ðóáößó ÝóÇÝúÒóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö» " (2) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ÈöÑõßõæÚò ÒóÇÆöÏò Ýöí ßõáøö ÑóßúÚóÉò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ØóæøóáóåóÇ ÊóØúæöíáðÇ áóãú íõØóæøöáúåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÕóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÐøößúÑö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÚóÊóÇÞóÉö æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö (3) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «íõÎóæøöÝõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ» " ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ äõÑúÓöáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÎúæöíÝðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 59] ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ ãóÔúÑõæÚóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÚõãõæãðÇ¡ ãöËúáó ÊóäóÇËõÑö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóÇáÒøóáúÒóáóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÓóÈóÈñ áöáÔøóÑøö ÇáúãõÎóæøöÝö¡ ßóÇáÒøóáúÒóáóÉö æóÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáúÚóÇÕöÝö. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóÇ æóÌõæÏõåõ ßóÚóÏóãöåö áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÊóÎúæöíÝñ.
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÓõæÝó ÓóÈóÈñ áöáÔøóÑøö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ (4) Úóäúåõ ÔóÑøñ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöíåö ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö: åóáú åõæó ÓóÈóÈñ¿ ßóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÚóÇÏóÉò ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉõ¿
æóåõæó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÚöäúÏó (5) ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑøö ÈöãóÇ íóÏúÝóÚõåóÇ ãöäó
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(1) ä¡ Í¡ Ñ: íõÎóæøöÝõ ÈöåöãóÇ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 299
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 3/126 - 132 æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
(4) Èö: Ëõãøó ÞóÏú áóÇ íóßõæäõ¡ æ: Ëõãøó åóáú åõæó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ.
(5) È ÝóÞóØú: Úóäú.(5/445)
ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÞóæøöí ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó (1) ÓóÈóÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ æóÊóÏúÝóÚõ Ãóæú ÊõÖúÚöÝõ ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÓóÈóÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó æóÇáúÈóáóÇÁó áóíóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö ÝóíóÚúÊóáöÌóÇäö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö» " (2) .
æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉõ ÊóÚúÊóÑöÝõ (3) ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ áóßöäú åóáú Ðóáößó ÈöäóÇÁð (4) Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÏúÝóÚõ Ðóáößó ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõæóì ÇáäøóÝúÓóÇäöíøóÉó ÊõÄóËøöÑõ¿ åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáöåöãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
æóíõÍúßóì Úóäú ÈóØúáóíúãõæÓó (5) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÖóÌöíÌõ ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊö¡ Ýöí åóíóÇßöáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ÈöÝõäõæäö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö¡ ÊóÍúáõáõ (6) ãóÇ ÚóÞøóÏóÊúåõ ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßõ ÇáÏøóÇÆöÑóÇÊõ "¡ æóÚóäú
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(1) ä: ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó.
(2) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö æóáóßöäú Ñóæóì ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ Ýöí " ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö " 3/142 (Ø. ãõÕúØóÝóì ãõÍóãøóÏ ÚöãóÇÑóÉ 1352 1933) Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " áóÇ íõÛúäöí ÍóÐóÑñ Úóäú ÞóÏúÑò¡ æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ íóäúÝóÚõ ãöãøóÇ äóÒóáó æóãöãøóÇ áóãú íóäúÒöáú¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÈóáóÇÁó áóíóäúÒöáõ ÝóíóáúÞóÇåõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ÝóíóÚúÊóáöÌóÇäö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö "¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ: " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ íóÚúÊóáöÌóÇäö: Ãóíú íóÊóÕóÇÑóÚóÇäö æóíóÊóÏóÇÝóÚóÇäö ".
(3) æ: ÊóÚúÑöÝõ
(4) ä¡ ã: áóßöäú åõæó ÈöäóÇÁð.
(5) ÈóØúáóíúãõæÓõ ÇáúÞóáúæóÐöíøõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÌóÓúØöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóáóßö¡ ÅöãóÇãñ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖóÉö¡ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÃóäúÏóÑúíóÇÓúíõæÓú æóÝöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÃóäúØóãúíõæÓú ãöäú ãõáõæßö ÇáÑøõæãö æóÈóÚúÏó ÃóíúÑóÞöÓú ÈöãöÇÆóÊóíúäö æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÌóÓúØöí Ýóåõæó ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ãóÞóÇáóÉð¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú Úõäöí ÈöÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÈóÑúãóßò. ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ: ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö Õ 95 - 98 ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö Õ 35 - 38 ÇáúÝöåúÑöÓúÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÏöíãö Õ [0 - 9] 67 - 268 ÎõØóØó ÇáúãóÞúÑöíÒöíøö 1/154
(6) Í¡ Ñ: ÊóÍõáøõ.(5/446)
ÃóÈöÞúÑóÇØó (1) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ØöÈøóäóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ØöÈøö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúåóíóÇßöáö ßóØöÈøö ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÒö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ØöÈøöäóÇ ".
ÝóÇáúÞóæúãõ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÚúÊóÑöÝöíäó ÈöãóÇ æóÑóÇÁó ÇáúÞõæóì ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝóáóßöíøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÞõæóì ÇáäøóÝúÓóÇäöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ (2) ¡ Èóáú ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ãóáúÁõ (3) ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÇáúÚõáúæöíøö æóÇáÓøõÝúáöíøö¡ æóÇáúÌöäøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÞóÏú æóßøóáó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÈöÊóÏúÈöíÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ÚóÞúáöíøóÉò.
æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÃóÍúíóÇÁñ äóÇØöÞõæäó¡ áóíúÓõæÇ ÃóÚúÑóÇÖðÇ ÞóÇÆöãóÉð ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÝóáúÓöÝóÉö. æóáóÇ åöíó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúÚõÞõæáö ÇáúÚóÔúÑóÉö æóÇáäøõÝõæÓö ÇáÊøöÓúÚóÉö¡ Èóáú åóÐöåö (4) ÈóÇØöáóÉñ ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò (5) .
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(1) ÃóÈöÞúÑóÇØõ Hippocrates ØóÈöíÈñ ãóÇåöÑñ ÚóÇÔó ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÊóÊóáúãóÐó Ýöí ÇáØøöÈøö Úóáóì ÃóÓúÞóáöíãúÈöíõæÓú¡ Êóßóáøóãó Úóäúåõ ãõÈóÔøöÑõ Èúäõ ÝóÇÊóßò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÇáúÍößóãö) æóÍõäóíúäõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: " äóæóÇÏöÑõ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö " ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 357 Þ. ã. ÇäúÙõÑú: Úõíõæäó ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÁö Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö Õ 24¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö æóÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö áöÇÈúäö ÌõáúÌõáò Õ 16 - 19 ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö áöáúÞöÝúØöíøö Õ 90 ÇáúÝöåúÑöÓúÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÏöíãö Õ 287 - 288.
(2) Í¡ È: æóØóÇÆöÝóÊõåõ.
(3) Èóáú ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ãóáúÁõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (æ) æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Èóáú Èöãóáöíßöåö Èóáú.
(4) ä¡ ã: åöíó.
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí " ãõÞóÇÑóäóÉñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó " (Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÞóáóãö¡ ÇáúßõæóíúÊö 1395 1975) Õ 89 - 92 ãöäú ÑóÏøö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó åöíó ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ æóÇáäøõÝõæÓõ æóãóæóÇÖöÚõ ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÇäúÙõÑö: ÇáÑøóÏøó Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúØöÞöíøöíäó¡ Õ 493 - 499 ÇáÕøóÝóÏöíøóÉó 1/196 - 202(5/447)
æóãóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÇÊö ÇáúãõÝóÇÑóÞóÇÊö áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãóÚóåõãú ãöäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÇáäøóÇØöÞóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÈóÏóäóåóÇ. æóãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ãóÚóåõãú Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÉõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú íóÙõäøõæäó ËõÈõæÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÙõäøõ ÔöíÚóÉõ ÃóÝúáóÇØõæäó (1) ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúãõËõáö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇØõæäöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóÊóËúÈõÊõ (2) ßõáøöíøóÇÊñ ÞóÏöíãóÉñ ÃóÒóáöíøóÉñ ÃóÈóÏöíøóÉñ ãõÝóÇÑöÞóÉñ (3) ßóÅöäúÓóÇäò ßõáøöíøò.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÛóáóØõåõãú (4) ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÙóäøõæÇ ãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íõËúÈöÊõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ: ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÇáäøóÝúÓõ¡ æóÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ¡ æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ßóÔöíÚóÉö ÃóÝúáóÇØõæäó (5) ÊõËúÈöÊõ ÌóæúåóÑðÇ ÚóÞúáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáÏøóåúÑõ¡ æóÌóæúåóÑðÇ ÚóÞúáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáúÎóíúÑõ¡ æóÊõËúÈöÊõ ÌóæúåóÑðÇ ÚóÞúáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖóÉõ áöáÕøõæÑóÉö.
æóßõáøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íõËúÈöÊõæäóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍõÞøöÞóÊú ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö ÊóÈóíøóäó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõãõæÑñ ãóÚúÞõæáóÉñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÝóíóÊóÕóæøóÑõåóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ýóåöíó ãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊñ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóåöíó ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉñ Úóäú ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊöåóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÞúáó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóäúÊóÒöÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏóÉö ßõáøöíøóÇÊò ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉð ÚóÞúáöíøóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ íóÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚóãúÑðÇ æóÈóßúÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ßõáøöíøðÇ íóäúØóÈöÞõ Úóáóì ÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ æóÈóßúÑò¡
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(1) ã¡ Ñ¡ æ: ÃóÝúáóÇØõäó.
(2) ä¡ æ: ÝóíóËúÈõÊõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ãõÞóÇÑöäóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Í¡ Ñ: æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÛóáóØöåöãú.
(5) ä¡ ã¡ æ¡ Ñ: ÃóÝúáóÇØõäó.(5/448)
æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö æóÐöåúäöåö¡ íóÚúÞöáõåõ ÈöÞóáúÈöåö¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ ßõáøöíøñ íóÔúÊóÑößõ (1) Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÐóÇÊöåö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÞóØøõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉõ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉð æóÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉð ÊõÔóÇÈöåõ ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóíóÔúÊóÑößóÇäö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ßõáøöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö. æóåõæó ÊóÇÑóÉð íõæÌóÏõ (2) ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáúãõËõáó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇØõæäöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö. æóÊóÇÑóÉð íõæÌóÏõ (3) ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóÇ ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ãóÎúÕõæÕðÇ. ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑóÓõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ æõÌõæÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö [ãóÚó] (4) ßóæúäöåö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çáúßõáøöíøó ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ åõæó ßõáøöíøñ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ßõáøöíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ (5) : ãóÇ íóÊóÕóæøóÑõåõ ÇáÐøöåúäõ ÞóÏú íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: íõÄúÎóÐõ.
(3) Í¡ Ñ: íõÄúÎóÐõ.
(4) ãóÚó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) Í: ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ.(5/449)
ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö æóÞóÏú áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó (1) äóÝúÓó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáÐøöåúäöíøóÉö Êóßõæäõ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóáóßöäú íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ãóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÞóÏú íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ßóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÃóãúËóÇáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
ßóãóÇ íóÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ (2) ÏóÇÑðÇ íóÈúäöíåóÇ æóÚóãóáðÇ íóÚúãóáõåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áöÛóíúÑöåö: ÌöÆúÊó ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí äóÝúÓöí¡ æóÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí äóÝúÓöí¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: " ÒóæøóÑúÊõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí ãóÞóÇáóÉð¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÈóÏöíåóÊöåö ÈöÃóÍúÓóäó ãöäúåóÇ ". æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó áóåõ æõÌõæÏñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóåõ ãöËóÇáñ ãõØóÇÈöÞñ [áóåõ] (3) Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÝúÙñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúãöËóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøö¡ æóÎóØøñ íõØóÇÈöÞõ Ðóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙó. æóíõÞóÇáõ: áóåõ æõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ æóæõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö¡ æóæõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóæõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóäóÇäö (4) ¡ æóæõÌõæÏñ Úóíúäöíøñ¡ æóÚöáúãöíøñ¡ æóáóÝúÙöíøñ¡ æóÑóÓúãöíøñ¡ ßóÇáÔøóãúÓö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó íõãóËøöáõåóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ ÈöáöÓóÇäöåö: ÔóãúÓñ¡ æóßóÚúÈóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó íóßúÊõÈõ ÈöÎóØøöåö: ÔóãúÓñ¡ æóßóÚúÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó æóÞöíáó: åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íõÕóáøöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó¡ áóãú íõÑöÏú ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóØøó åõæó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãóÚúÑõæÝñ.
ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó (5) : íóÇ ÒóíúÏõ¡ ÝóÇáúãõäóÇÏöí áóÇ íõäóÇÏöí ÇáÕøóæúÊó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÖóÑóÈúÊõ
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(1) Ãóäøó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö Ãóäøóåõ.
(2) æ: ÇáÑøóÌõáõ.
(3) áóåõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ ã: ÇáúÈóíóÇäö.
(5) È: Þöíáó.(5/450)
ÒóíúÏðÇ¡ áóãú íõÑöÏú Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝó¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊõåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÌõÚöáóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÏóÇáøóÉð ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßõÊöÈóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÎóØøö ãóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì (1) ÈöÇáöÇÓúãö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ØóÇÈóÞóåõ ÇáúÎóØøõ.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö: áóíúÓó ÈöÚóíúäöåö åõæó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ Ãóíú: ãóÇ ÊóÕóæøóÑúÊóåõ [Ýöí] (2) ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ áóßöäú íõØóÇÈöÞõåõ ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö áöáúÚöáúãö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: Çáúßõáøöíøõ ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö Ãóíú: íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãóÇ íõØóÇÈöÞõåõ Çáúßõáøöíøõ (3) ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ áóÇ ÈöÔóÑúØò¡ ÝóíõØóÇÈöÞõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÈöÞõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: [Åöäøó] (4) Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÃóãúÑðÇ ßõáøöíøðÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ åõæó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ (5) ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ãóÇåöíøóÇÊò ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉó ÛóÔöíóÊúåóÇ ÛóæóÇÔò ÛóÑöíÈóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúØöÞö æóÚóáóì " ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö " æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÈõíøöäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ãóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ Ýöí
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(1) Í: ÈöÇáúãõÓóãøóì.
(2) Ýöí ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) Í: ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøö.
(4) Åöäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (Ñ) .
(5) ä: æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(5/451)
ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö¡ Ýóãóäú Úóäóì ÈöÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÕöíÈñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áöáúãóÇåöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóäóì ÈöÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÈöÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÔóíúÆóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÔóíúÆóíúäö: æõÌõæÏñ æóãóÇåöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÊóÎóíøóáõ (1) ÎóíóÇáðÇ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö íóÒõæáõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö.
æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö " ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáÓøóÇÆöáö: ãóÇ åõæó¿ æóãóÇ åõæó ÓõÄóÇáñ ÚóãøóÇ íóÊóÕóæøóÑõåõ ÇáúãóÓúÆõæáõ áöíõÌöíÈó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊöáúßó åöíó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ áöáÔøóíúÁö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÏúáõæáõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáøóÝúÙö ; ÝóÊóßõæäó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì áóÇÒöãö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö (2) .
æóáóíúÓóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó (3) ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó (4) ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí áóÇÒöãö ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
Èóáú íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÚóäóÇåõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ íóÍúãöáõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙó¡ ÝóÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇááøóÝúÙó Ýöí
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(1) æ: ãõÊóÎóíøóáñ.
(2) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ßóÊóÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " ßóáóÇãñ Ýöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáËøóáóÇËö: ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÖóãøõäõ æóÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãõ ".
(3) Í¡ È¡ æ: æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ.
(4) Í¡ È.¡ æ: æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ.(5/452)
ãóÚúäðì ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóäóÇåõ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÓõãøöíó " ãóÚúäðì " (1) áöÃóäøóåõ Úóäóì Èöåö (2) Ãóíú ÞõÕöÏó æóÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö æóãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáðÇ [ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáðÇ] (3) Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ æóãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö Ýöí ÇááøóÇÒöãö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóåöíó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉð (4) ¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó. Ëõãøó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÏúáõæáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ÝóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö ÊóÖóãøõäñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÊóÖóãøóäó (5) Ðóáößó ÇáúÌõÒúÁó¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì áóÇÒöãö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì åöíó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö¡ æóßõáøõ áóÝúÙò ÇÓúÊõÚúãöáó Ýöí ãóÚúäðì ÝóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóíúåö ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ØóÇÈóÞó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÃóíøö áõÛóÉò ßóÇäó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Óõãøöíó Ðóáößó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
ÝóÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúäöíåóÇ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö ÏóáóÇáóÉõ áóÝúÙöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ [ÏóáóÇáóÉð] (6) ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉð¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÊóÖóãøõäò¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåóÇ æóåõæó ÎóÇÑöÌñ ÚóäúåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö.
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(1) æ: ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
(2) Èöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ: ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉð¡ æ: ÍóÞöíÞóÊóåõ Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒóÊóåõ.
(5) Í¡ Ñ: íóÖúãóäõ.
(6) ÏóáóÇáóÉð: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.(5/453)
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊõ ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö æóÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö¡ æóÚõäöí ÈöÇáÏøóÇÎöáö ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÈöÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö¡ æóÈöÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö (1) ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøõÎõæáõ æóÇáúÎõÑõæÌõ åõæó ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ ÊóÕóæøóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÊóÕóæøóÑó ÍóíóæóÇäðÇ äóÇØöÞðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäúÓóÇäñ¡ ßóÇäóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉð¡ æóÚóáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÊóÖóãøõäñ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇááøóÇÒöãö - ãöËúáó ßóæúäöåö ÖóÇÍößðÇ - ÇáúÊöÒóÇãñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÕóæøóÑó ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÖóÇÍößðÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉð¡ æóÚóáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÊóÖóãøõäñ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇááøóÇÒöãö ãöËúáó ßóæúäöåö (2) äóÇØöÞðÇ ÇáúÊöÒóÇãñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊõ ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉõ áöáúãóæúÕõæÝö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö: ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö æóãóÇåöíøóÊöåö¡ [æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÎóÇÑöÌñ Úóäú ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö æóãóÇåöíøóÊöåö] (3) ¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÎöáõ åõæó ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÎóÇÑöÌõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì áóÇÒöãò áöáúãóÇåöíøóÉö (4) æóÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÅöáóì áóÇÒöãò áöáúæõÌõæÏö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö [Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó] (5) ¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúØöÞö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÛóÇáöíØö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãöäú ãõÚóáøöãöåöãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãöäú ÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
æóÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÆöãøóÊõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó [æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ] (6) ßóÇÈúäö ÓöíäóÇ
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(1) æ: ÈöÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö.
(2) Í¡ í¡ Ñ: æóÚóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÖóÇÍößðÇ ÇáúÊöÒóÇãñ¡ æ: æóÚóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÖóÇÍößðÇ ÅöáúÒóÇãñ¡ ä¡ ã: ãöËúáó ßóæúäöåö äóÇØöÞðÇ ÇáúÊöÒóÇãñ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ä: Åöáóì ÇááøóÇÒöãö áöáúãóÇåöíøóÉö¡ Í¡ æ: Åöáóì áóÇÒöãö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö.
(5) Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/454)
æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÑóßóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ (1) íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåöãú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú (2) ¡ æóãöäú ÑóÏøö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ãóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÊóÞúÓöíãö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉö áöáúãóæúÕõæÝö Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÊóÞúÓöíãñ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó Ðóáößó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ãöäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÇåöíøóÉò ãóæúÌõæÏóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÝóÑøóÚõæåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäúÓö æóÇáúÝóÕúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúßöíÈó (3) Ðöåúäöíøñ áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÊóÑóßøõÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö æóÇáäøóÇØöÞö ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÊóÑßøõÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö æóÇáÖøóÇÍößö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÊóíúäö (4) áóÇÒöãðÇ ãóáúÒõæãðÇ¡ æóÃõÑöíÏó ÇáÖøóÇÍößõ ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇØöÞõ ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö (5) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: [Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö] (6) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ. ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãóæúÕõæÝñ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ (7) ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó (8) ÅöÐóÇ ÝõÑøöÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉö áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇØöÞöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÖøóÇÍößöíøóÉö¡ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóÇáÓøóæóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö¡ æóÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÌóãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åõæó ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉö áóåõ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁñ áóåõ¡ æóåöíó
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(1) ä: ÝóÅöäøóåõ.
(2) Í¡ È: ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú.
(3) æ: ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈó.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ æ: ÇáÕøöäúÝóíúäö.
(5) ä: æóÈöÇáäøóÇØöÞö ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäú (ã) .
(6) Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(7) ä: Ýóåõæó.
(8) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: æóåóßóÐóÇ.(5/455)
ãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉñ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÞóÏøõãðÇ ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ - ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌõÒúÁó ÞóÈúáó Çáúßõáøö¡ æóÇáúãõÝúÑóÏó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈö -¡ æóÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÑúßöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÊóÎúáöíØñ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöáúãóæúÕõæÝö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Êóßõæäõ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉð Úóáóíúåö ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¿
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: åõæó ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇØöÞöíøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö æóÇáäøóÇØöÞö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäú ÌóæúåóÑóíúäö ÞóÇÆöãóíúäö ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãóÇ¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóæúÕõæÝò ÌóæóÇåöÑõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÈöÚóÏóÏö ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÌóæúåóÑñ åõæó ÌöÓúãñ¡ æóÌóæúåóÑñ åõæó ÍóÓøóÇÓñ¡ æóÌóæúåóÑñ åõæó äóÇãò¡ æóÌóæúåóÑñ åõæó ãõÊóÍóÑøößñ ÈöÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÌóæúåóÑñ åõæó äóÇØöÞñ.
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æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÛúáóØõæäó Ýöí ÌóÚúáö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÐøöåúäöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõæäó Ðóáößó ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÃõãõæÑðÇ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÝöíËóÇÛõæÑúÓó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÏö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãöäú åõäóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóáóØõåõãú (3) ¡
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(3) ÝöíËóÇÛõæÑúÓõ Pythagoras ÝóíúáóÓõæÝñ æóÑöíóÇÖöíøñ ÔóåöíÑñ¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÍóæóÇáóíú ãõäúÊóÕóÝö ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãöíáóÇÏö. ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãó ÃóÔúÈóåõ ÈöÚóÇáóãö ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÏö ãöäúåõ ÈöÚóÇáóãö ÇáúãóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÇÑö Ãóæö ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö ÃóÚúÏóÇÏñ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãó ÚóÏóÏñ æóäóÛóãñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóäóÇÓõÎö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ: Çáúãöáóáó æóÇáäøöÍóáó 2/78 - 79¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö áöáúÞöÝúØöíøö Õ 258¡ 259¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõÕóíúÈöÚóÉó¡ 1/60 - 68¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÚöÈúÑöíøö Õ 50¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøóÉö áößóÑóãò Õ 20 - 26¡ ÝóÌúÑó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøóÉö¡ Õ 70 - 92¡ äóÔúÃóÉó ÇáúÝößúÑö ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝöíøö 38 - 60¡ ÑóÈöíÚó ÇáúÝößúÑö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøö Õ 106 - 116¡ ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúíõæäóÇäö Õ 69 - 82 Greek Philosophy¡ pp¡ 36 - 40.(5/456)
æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÃóÝúáóÇØõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÇáúãõËõáó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇØõæäöíøóÉó ãöäú \ åõäóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóáóØõåõãú (1) ¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÃóÑöÓúØõæ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÌóæóÇåöÑó ãóÚúÞõæáóÉð ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãõÞóÇÑóäóÉð áöáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÉö¡ ßóÇáúãóÇÏøóÉö æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉö æóÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ãöäú åõäóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóáóØõåõãú (2) .
æóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉó¡ Þöíáó áóåõãú: Ãóåöíó Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö Ãóãú Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¿ ÝóÝöí ÃóíøöåöãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊõæåóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÛóáóØõåõãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äõËúÈöÊõåóÇ ãõØúáóÞóÉð¡ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö
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(1) ÃóÝúáóÇØõæäó¡ æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí (ä) ¡ (æ) ¡ (Ñ) ÃóÝúáóÇØõäó Plato: åõæó ÇáúÝóíúáóÓõæÝõ ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøõ ÇáÔøóåöíÑõ. æõáöÏó 428 Þ. ã æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 348 Þ. ã ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÂÑóÇÆöåö Çáúãöáóáó æóÇáäøöÍóáó 2/94 - 101¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö áöáúÞöÝúØöíøö Õ 17 - 27¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõÕóíúÈöÚóÉó 78 - 84¡ ÃóÝúáóÇØõæäú áöáÏøõßúÊõæÑö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÈóÏóæöíø¡ ãóßúÊóÈóÉõ ÇáäøóåúÖóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1954¡ ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúíõæäóÇäö¡ Õ 165 - 243¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøóÉö áöíõæÓõÝó ßóÑóã Õ 62 - 111¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøóÉö áöÈöÑúÊöÑóÇäúÏ ÑóÓöá ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ Ï. Òóßöí äóÌöíÈ ãóÍúãõæÏ Õ 176 - 257 Greek Philosophy pp 58 - 255 AE Taylor: Plato¡ London¡ 1963
(2) ÃóÑöÓúØõæ ÇáøóÐöí ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇáúãõÚóáøöãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÔúåóÑõ ÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 384 Þ. ã æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 322 Þ. ã ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÂÑóÇÆöåö: Çáúãöáóáó æóÇáäøöÍóáó 2/128 - 145 ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö Õ 27 - 53¡ ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁö Õ 84 - 105¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøóÉö¡ Õ 112 - 209¡ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉö ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøóÉö Õ 258 - 331¡ ÇáúÝóáúÓóÝóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúíõæäóÇäö Õ 245 - 364¡ ÃóÑöÓúØõæ áöáÏøõßúÊõæÑö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÈóÏóæöí¡ ãóßúÊóÈóÉõ ÇáäøóåúÖóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö 1944 Greek Philosophy pp¡ 257 - 380. Ross Aristotle London¡ 1974.(5/457)
Úóäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ãóæú ÃóÚóãøó (1) ãöäú åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ Þöíáó: ÚóÏóãõ äóÙóÑö ÇáäøóÇÙöÑö áóÇ íõÛóíøöÑõ ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞó ÚóãøóÇ åöíó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö: ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
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Èóáú íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏóÉö ÈößóæúäöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÊóÞóÏøóÑõ ÈöÐöåúäò æóáóÇ ÎóÇÑöÌò¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÇåöíøóÉó ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉó áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó ÇáÐøöåúäõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö. ÝóßóæúäõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈößóæúäöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö ÔóíúÁñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÊóÕóæøóÑõæäó (3) ÃóÔúíóÇÁó æóíõÞóÏøöÑõæäóåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ áóßöäú ÍóÇáó ãóÇ íóÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ [ÔóíúÆðÇ] (4) Ýöí Ðöåúäöåö æóíõÞóÏøöÑõåõ¡ ÞóÏú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ Èößóæúäöåö Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ßóãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáÔøóíúÁó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ ÝóÇÔúÊóÛóáó ÈöÇáúãóÑúÆöíøö Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÑóÇÆöíðÇ áóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ãóÇ íõÓóãøöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇáúÝóäóÇÁó¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúäóì ÈöãóÐúßõæÑöåö Úóäú ÐößúÑöåö¡
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æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ÅöãøóÇ ãõÊóÍóíøöÒñ æóÅöãøóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúãõÊóÍóíøöÒö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áóÇ ãõÊóÍóíøöÒñ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúãõÊóÍóíøöÒö. æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÞöÓúãö [ÇáËøóÇáöËö] (3) æóåóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ÅöãøóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÅöãøóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóáóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ.
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(1) æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáóÉõ áóÇ: ÚöäúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÊóäúÊóåöí äõÓúÎóÉõ (æ) ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊøóÍöÏóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑöíßöíøóÉö Ýöí Õ 282 ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäúÊõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö.
(2) Ñ¡ í: Ãóæú ßõáøõ.
(3) ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)(5/459)
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: ÅöãøóÇ ÞóÏöíãñ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÍúÏóËñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áóÇ ÞóÏöíãñ æóáóÇ ãõÍúÏóËñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõãúßöäñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ æóáóÇ ãõãúßöäñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó åóÐóÇ.
æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúÛóáóØõ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍóíúËõ ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÐøöåúäö æóÝóÑúÖöåö íóÞúÊóÖöí ÅöãúßóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáö ÇáÐøöåúäõ íóÝúÑöÖõ ÃõãõæÑðÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉð¡ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ æõÌõæÏõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ Êöáúßó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóÇÊõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó åõäóÇ ÐößúÑõ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÐøóãøö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇáó íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÃóÕúáóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ: åóáú íõãúßöäõ [ßõáøõ] (1) ÃóÍóÏò ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏñ íóÚúÑöÝõ Èöåö ÇáúÍóÞøó¿ Ãóãö (2) ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóäúÞóÓöãõæäó Åöáóì ÞóÇÏöÑò Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÛóíúÑö ÞóÇÏöÑò¿ .
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ÇáúÚóÇÌöÒõ Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö: åóáú íõÚóÇÞöÈõåõ Çááøóåõ Ãóãú áóÇ íõÚóÇÞöÈõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÞóì Çááøóåó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó æóÚóÌóÒó Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¿
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó åóÐóÇäö ÇáúÃóÕúáóÇäö¡ ÝóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÌóãöíÚõ] (3) ãóÇ íõØúÚóäõ Èöåö Ýöíåöãú ÃóßúËóÑõåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ãöäúåõ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóäúÈðÇ Ãóæú ÎóØóÃð¡ æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ ãóÛúÝõæÑñ¡ æóÇáÐøóäúÈõ áóåõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈñ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉó¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÍóÏñ (4) Ãóäú íóÞúØóÚó ÈöÃóäøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÝóÚóáó ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáäøóÇÑó
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(1) ßõáøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ä: Èóáú.
(3) ÌóãöíÚõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Ñ¡ È¡ í: ÃóÍóÏðÇ.(5/460)
áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó. æóßóËöíÑñ ãöãøóÇ íõØúÚóäõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãú íóßõæäõ ãöäú ãóÍóÇÓöäöåö æóÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ (1) ÌóæóÇÈñ ãõÌúãóáñ (2) .
Ëõãøó äóÍúäõ äóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóÊúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãóØóÇÚöäö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö Ýöí Òóãóäöåö (3) ÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáúÈöíøó ÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí " ÇáúãóËóÇáöÈö " (4) .
[ãäÇÞÔÉ ÇÈä ÇáãØåÑ Úáì ßáÇãå Úä ãËÇáÈ ÃÈí ÈßÑ Ýí ÒÚãå]
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) " æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäúåóÇ (6) ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ æóäóÍúäõ (7) äóÐúßõÑõ ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÓöíÑðÇ. ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ (8) Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö: «Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóÚúÊóÕöãõ (9) ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö¡ æóÅöäøó áöí ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ íóÚúÊóÑöíäöí¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÞóãúÊõ ÝóÃóÚöíäõæäöí¡ æóÅöäú ÒöÛúÊõ ÝóÞóæøöãõæäöí» ¡ æóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ (10) ÅöãóÇãóÉõ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÞúæöíãöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉó ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö¿ ".
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(1) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: æóåóÐóÇ.
(2) åõäóÇ íóäúÊóåöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöØúÑóÇÏõ ÇáØøóæöíáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÏóÃóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó 3/29 (È) æóíóÚõæÏõ ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí Åöáóì ãõäóÇÞóÔóÉö ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö.
(3) Í¡ È: Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö.
(4) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö " ÇáúãóËóÇáöÈö " Ýöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö¡ ÒóÇÏóÊú (ã) : ÝóÕúáñ.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí (ß) Õ 132 (ã) .
(6) ß: ãöäúåõãú.
(7) æóäóÍúäõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ (ß) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: äóÍúäõ.
(8) Í¡ È: ÑóæóÇåõ.
(9) ä¡ ã: ßóÇäó íõÚúÕóãõ.
(10) íóÌõæÒõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (í) (ß) æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) : ÊóÌõæÒõ(5/461)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÃóßúÈóÑö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÃóÏóáøöåóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú [íõÑöíÏõ ÚõáõæøðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ ÝóÓóÇÏðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú] (1) ØóÇáöÈó ÑöíóÇÓóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÃúãõÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÞóãúÊõ Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö ÝóÃóÚöíäõæäöí ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÒöÛúÊõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÞóæøöãõæäöí¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: [ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ] (2) ÃóØöíÚõæäöí ãóÇ ÃóØóÚúÊõ Çááøóåó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÕóíúÊõ Çááøóåó ÝóáóÇ ØóÇÚóÉó áöí Úóáóíúßõãú.
æóÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÊóÑöíåö íóÚúÊóÑöí ÌóãöíÚó Èóäöí (3) ÂÏóãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ [æóÞóÏú] (4) æóßøóáó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÞóÑöíäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÞóÑöíäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö.
æóÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÌúÑöí ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó (5) ãóÌúÑóì ÇáÏøóãö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æóßøóáó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÞóÑöíäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÞóÑöíäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö " Þöíáó: æóÃóäúÊó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " æóÃóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÚóÇäóäöí Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóÓúáóãó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóíúÑò " (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóåõæó íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ ãóÚó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä: ÌóãöíÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
(4) æóÞóÏú ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) Ñ: ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáóÎú Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2167 - 2168 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãú¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíÔö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö æóÈóÚúËö ÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ. .) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/306 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóãóÚóåõ ÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 5/235 - 236¡ 293 - 294¡ 306 6/182 (ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò. .) .(5/462)
ÕóÝöíøóÉó áóíúáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: " Úóáóì ÑöÓúáößõãóÇ¡ ÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóÝöíøóÉõ (1) [ÈöäúÊõ Íõíóíøò] (2) " Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " Åöäøöí ÎóÔöíÊõ Ãóäú íóÞúÐöÝó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈößõãóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÌúÑöí ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ãóÌúÑóì ÇáÏøóãö» " (3) .
æóãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÈöÐóáößó: Åöäøöí áóÓúÊõ ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ßóÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÞøñ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ßóíúÝó ÊóÌõæÒõ ÅöãóÇãóÉõ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Úóáóì ÊóÞúæöíãöåö ÈöÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö¿ ßóáóÇãõ ÌóÇåöáò ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó áóíúÓó åõæó ÑóÈøðÇ áöÑóÚöíøóÊöåö (4) ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÛúäöíó Úóäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Åöáóíúåöãú ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäó Çááøóåö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æóÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉõ ÔõÑóßóÇÁõ íóÊóÚóÇæóäõæäó åõãú æóåõæó Úóáóì ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÅöÚóÇäóÊöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõãú ãöäú ÅöÚóÇäóÊöåö¡ ßóÃóãöíÑö ÇáúÞóÇÝöáóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓöíÑõ Èöåöãú Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö: Åöäú Óóáóßó Èöåöãõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÎúØóÃó Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö (5) äóÈøóåõæåõ æóÃóÑúÔóÏõæåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ÕóÇÆöáñ íóÕõæáõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÊóÚóÇæóäó åõæó æóåõãú Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚöåö¡ áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóßúãóáóåõãú ÚöáúãðÇ æóÞõÏúÑóÉð æóÑóÍúãóÉð ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÕúáóÍó áöÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú.
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(1) Í¡ È: áóÕóÝöíøóÉõ.
(2) ÈöäúÊõ Íõíóíøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÈöäúÊö Íõíóíøò Ãõãøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/124 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÌõäõæÏöåö) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑíøö 3/50 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊößóÇÝö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÒöíóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÒóæúÌóåóÇ Ýöí ÇÚúÊößóÇÝöåö¡ ÈóÇÈõ åóáú íóÏúÑóÃõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóßöÝõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö) 9/70 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Êóßõæäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö. .) . æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
(4) Í¡ È: ÑóÈøó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö.
(5) Í¡ Ñ: Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.(5/463)
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÞóÇãó ÕóáøõæÇ ÈöÕóáóÇÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÓóåóÇ ÓóÈøóÍõæÇ Èöåö ÝóÞóæøóãõæåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÛó.
æóßóÐóáößó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÇÌøö Åöäú ãóÔóì Èöåöãú Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ãóÔóæúÇ ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÛóáöØó Þóæøóãõæåõ.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó ÇáÏøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö (1) ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú íóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó ÇáÏøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúãõÑö Çááøóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö ÈöÑóÏøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÑõÏøõæåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 59] ¡ (2 ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚö Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö 2) (2) áóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóæõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöØóÇÚóÉö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöØóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö» " (3) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ØóÇÚóÉó áöãóÎúáõæÞò Ýöí ãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö» " (4) ¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÃóãóÑóßõãú ÈöãóÚúÕöíóÉö Çááøóåö ÝóáóÇ ÊõØöíÚõæåõ» " (5) .
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(1) ä: áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó ÇáÏøöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
(2) (2 - 2) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/562¡ 3/388 (Ê [0 - 9] )
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/388 (Ê [0 - 9] )
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/388 (Ê [0 - 9] )(5/464)
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ßóíúÝó ÊóÌõæÒõ ÅöãóÇãóÉõ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÞúæöíãöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉó ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö¿
æóÇÑöÏñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãõÊóÚóÇæöäóíúäö æóãõÊóÔóÇÑößóíúäö íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÔøõÑóßóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÇÊö æóÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÇÊö¡ æóÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö åõæó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÃúãõæãöíäó íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó íóÍúãöáõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÓøóåúæó æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóåõæó íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Èöåöãú ÅöÐóÇ ÓóåóÇ ÝóíõäóÈøöåõæäóåõ Úóáóì Óóåúæöåö æóíõÞóæøöãõæäóåõ¡ æóáóæú ÒóÇÛó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö (1) ÝóÎóÑóÌó Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚõæåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóäóÙóÇÆöÑõåõ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÈöÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóÍóÇÌóÊõåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÞúæöíãõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÊõåõãú áóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú ÊóÞúæöíãö Úóáöíøò áöÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóØóÇÚóÊöåöãú áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÇÒóÚõæåõ ÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÃóØóÇÚõæåõ. æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Þóæúáóåõ Ýöí ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö æóÃóäøóåõ (2) ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÑóÃúíõåõ æóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íõÈóÚúäó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÃóì Ãóäú íõÈóÚúäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÞóÇÖöíåö ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ: ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö.
æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÇÞúÖõæÇ ßóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÞúÖõæäó ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóßúÑóåõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð Ãóæú ÃóãõæÊó ßóãóÇ ãóÇÊó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí.
æóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ ßóËöíÑóÉó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö áóåõ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÔöíÑõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáøóÐöí
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(1) Í¡ È: Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö Ãóäøóåõ.(5/465)
íõÎóÇáöÝõåõãú Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ áóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÈöÃõãõæÑò¡ ãöËúáö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌó ãöäó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌó Åöáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáó ÈöÕöÝøöíäó¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÒöáó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÚóÇÞöáñ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøöíóÇÓóÉó ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó ãóÇ áóãú ÊóäúÊóÙöãú áöÚóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú -¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ áößóãóÇáö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí æóßóãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ åõãú æóÑóÚöíøóÊõåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáó. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áößóãóÇáö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÝóÖúáöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó áöÝóÑúØö äóÞúÕö ÑóÚöíøóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÚöíøóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÃóäúÞóÕó ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÃóÞóÑøõæÇ ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåö. æóÑóÚöíøóÉõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÞöÑøöíäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÊöåöãú. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÞöÑøöíäó ÈöÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊö ÇáÓøöíóÇÓóÉõ áöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó (1) ãóÇ áóãú ÊóäúÊóÙöãú áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÑóÚöíøóÉõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÑóÚöíøóÉõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÝöíåöãõ ÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈõ ÇáúãõÈúÛöÖõæäó áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇáäøóæóÇÕöÈõ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÔöíÚóÉö Úóáöíøò æóÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö.
æóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó áóÒöãó ÝóÓóÇÏõ ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÏøóÚõæäó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóßúãóáõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇäúÊóÙóãóÊö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ áöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.(5/466)
ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÔöíÚóÊóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇäúÊóÙóãó áöáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóáöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÇ áóãú íóäúÊóÙöãú áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúßóÇãöáõ æóÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉõ ÇáúßóÇãöáóÉõ - Úóáóì ÑóÃúíöåöãú - ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈðÇ æóÃóÞóáøó ÇäúÊöÙóÇãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕö æóÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉö¿ Èóáú ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑóÉö æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞóÉö Úóáóì ÑóÃúíöåöãú¿
æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Úóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúßóÑóãö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ åõæó Ïõæäó ãóÇ Ýöí ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. Ýóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóÕúáóÍó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö.
æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú áöáÔøöíÚóÉö ÅöãóÇãñ Ðõæ ÓõáúØóÇäò ãóÚúÕõæãñ ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöíãõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ßóÇäõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõæÇ ãóÚó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÍúÑóì¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ÔóÑøñ æóÃóäúÞóÕõ (1) ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÈóÊú ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ áöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇááøõØúÝö ÈöÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó æóÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö áóåõãú. ÝóÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÛóíúÑö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÒóãóÇäò ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÇááøõØúÝó áóåõãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇááøõØúÝö áöáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ (2) ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóÊóÈóíøóäó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÍóÇÌóÉõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÚóÏúáó ÃóßúËóÑó (3) ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóäúÞóÕõ.
(2) Í: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÃóÚúÙóãó.(5/467)
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: (2) " æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÞöíáõæäöí ÝóáóÓúÊõ (3) ÈöÎóíúÑößõãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ Ýöíßõãú (4) . ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ ÍóÞøðÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇÓúÊöÞóÇáóÊõåõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÈóÇØöáóÉð áóÒöãó ÇáØøóÚúäõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ãóÚúáõæãñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú: " æóÚóáöíøñ Ýöíßõãú "¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó (5) Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö: ÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ÃóÍóÏó åóÐóíúäö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö: ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: Èóáú ÃóäúÊó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ¡ æóÎóíúÑõäóÇ (6) ¡ æóÃóÍóÈøõäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÞóÇáó " ÚõãóÑõ: ßõäúÊõ (7) æóÇááøóåö áóÃóäú ÃõÞóÏøóãó ÝóÊõÖúÑóÈó ÚõäõÞöí¡ áóÇ íõÞóÑøöÈõäöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÅöËúãò¡ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÊóÃóãøõÑöí (8) Úóáóì Þóæúãò Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò (9) .
Ëõãøó áóæú ÞóÇáó: " æóÚóáöíøñ Ýöíßõãú " áóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ãóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóãúÑóåõ ßóÇäó ãõØóÇÚðÇ.
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(1) í: ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓó ÚóÔóÑó: æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÝóÕúáò ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) 132 (ã) - 133 (ã) .
(3) ä: áóíúÓó¡ ß: áóÓúÊõ.
(4) ßõÊöÈóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóÚóáöíøñ Ýöíßõãú Ýöí (ß) Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóØúÑóíúäö.
(5) È (ÝóÞóØú) : Èóáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÎóíúÑõäóÇ æóÓóíøöÏõäóÇ.
(7) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ßóÇäó.
(8) ä¡ ã: ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóÊóÃóãøóÑó.
(9) ÓóÈóÞó ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/518¡ 2/50¡ 51(5/468)
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ ÍóÞøðÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇÓúÊöÞóÇáóÊõåõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóæúäóåóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒóÉð¡ æóÇáúÌóÇÆöÒõ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÑúßõåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåóÇ æóÇÌöÈóÉð ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæóáøõæÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÞöíáõæåõ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÞóÇáõæåõ æóæóáøóæúÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú Êóßõäú æóÇÌöÈóÉð Úóáóíúåö.
æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÞóÏú íóÚúÞöÏõ ÈóíúÚðÇ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÑóÉð¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÚóÞúÏõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇáóÉó æóåõæó áöÊóæóÇÖõÚöåö æóËöÞóáö ÇáúÍöãúáö Úóáóíúåö ÞóÏú íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇáóÉó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ãóäú åõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÊóæóÇÖõÚõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áóÇ íõÓúÞöØõ ÍóÞøóåõ.
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóáúÊóÉð æóÞóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (3) ÔóÑøóåóÇ¡ Ýóãóäú ÚóÇÏó Åöáóì ãöËúáöåóÇ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÊõåõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉð áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøó ÝóÇÚöáõåóÇ ÇáúÞóÊúáó¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÊóØóÑøõÞõ ÇáØøóÚúäö Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó. æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÈóÇØöáóÉð áóÒöãó ÇáØøóÚúäõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ " (4) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÓóíóÃúÊöí. ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: " ÝóáóÇ íóÛúÊóÑøóäøó ÇãúÑõÄñ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: " ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóáúÊóÉð ÝóÊóãøóÊú. ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú æóÞóì Çááøóåõ ÔóÑøóåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÊõÞúØóÚõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÞõ ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò " (5) æóãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÈóíúÚóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈõæÏöÑó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÑóíøõËò æóáóÇ ÇäúÊöÙóÇÑò ; áößóæúäöåö
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(1) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóÕúáñ " ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓó ÚóÔóÑó
(2) Ýöí (ß) 133 (ã) .
(3) ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) ¡ (È) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ í¡ È ÌóãöíÚðÇ.
(5) ÓóíóÑöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÇãöáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(5/469)
ßóÇäó ãõÊóÚóíøöäðÇ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " áóíúÓó Ýöíßõãú ãóäú ÊõÞúØóÚõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÞõ ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ".
æóßóÇäó ÙõåõæÑõ ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóãúÑðÇ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ. ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóáóì ÊóÚúíöíäöåö ÊõÛúäöí Úóäú ãõÔóÇæóÑóÉò æóÇäúÊöÙóÇÑò æóÊóÑóíøõËò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ãõÈóÇíóÚóÊõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö æóÇáöÇäúÊöÙóÇÑö æóÇáÊøóÑóíøõËö¡ Ýóãóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÛóíúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇäúÊöÙóÇÑò æóÊóÔóÇæõÑò áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãõÝóÓøóÑðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÎóØóÈó ÈöåóÇ ãóÑúÌöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãõÑöåö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉõ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö (1) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó (2) : " ßõäúÊõ ÃõÞúÑöÆõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ãöäúåõãú: ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ (3) ÃóäóÇ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöåö (4) Èöãöäðì¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÍóÌøóÉò ÍóÌøóåóÇ¡ ÅöÐú ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò (5) ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö 3/386 (Ê 6) æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/168 - 170 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÌúãö ÇáúÍõÈúáóì ãöäó ÇáÒøöäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÒóäóÊú) ¡ æóÓóÃõÞóÇÈöáõ ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáÊøóÇáöíó Úóáóíúåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÞöØóÚñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (ÇäúÙõÑú Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÞóáóãö ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ï. ãõÕúØóÝóì ÇáúÈóÛóÇ ÏöãóÔúÞó æóÈóíúÑõæÊó 1401/1981) ¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 2330¡ 3261¡ 3713¡ 3796¡ 6441¡ 6892
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í: ÝóÈóíúäóÇ¡ Í: ÝóíúäóäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Í¡ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöí¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) Èúäö ÚóæúÝò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ".(5/470)
ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÃóÊóì ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Çáúíóæúãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ åóáú áóßó Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò íóÞõæáõ: áóæú ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÚõãóÑõ áóÞóÏú (1) ÈóÇíóÚúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÅöáøóÇ ÝóáúÊóÉð ÝóÊóãøóÊú¿ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÚõãóÑõ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó (2) : Åöäøöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ áóÞóÇÆöãñ ÇáúÚóÔöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóãõÍóÐøöÑõåõãú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íóÛúÕöÈõæåõãú ÃõãõæÑóåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (3) ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóæúÓöãó íóÌúãóÚõ ÑóÚóÇÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÛóæúÛóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóåõãú (4) åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÛúáöÈõæäó Úóáóì ÞõÑúÈößó Íöíäó ÊóÞõæãõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóäóÇ (5) ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäú ÊóÞõæãó ÝóÊóÞõæáó ãóÞóÇáóÉð íõØóíøöÑõåóÇ Úóäúßó ßõáøõ ãõØóíøöÑò¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÚõæåóÇ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÖóÚõæåóÇ Úóáóì ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãúåöáú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞúÏöãó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÏóÇÑõ ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÊóÎúáõÕó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÃóÔúÑóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÊóÞõæáó ãóÞóÇáóÊóßó (6) ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ (7) ¡ ÝóíóÚöí Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÞóÇáóÊóßó æóíóÖóÚõæäóåóÇ (8) Úóáóì ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (9) ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóãóÇ æóÇááøóåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ áóÃóÞõæãóäøó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóæøóáó ãóÞóÇãò ÃóÞõæãõåõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóÞóÏöãúäóÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó Ýöí ÚóÞöÈö Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÚóÌøóáúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøóæóÇÍö (10) Íöíäó ÒóÇÛóÊö
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(1) áóÞóÏú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(2) Í: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú.
(5) æóÃóäóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÃóäóÇ.
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãóÇ ÞõáúÊó.
(7) Í: ãõÓúÊóãúßöäðÇ.
(8) Í: æóíóÖóÚõæåóÇ.
(9) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í: ÞóÇáó.
(10) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÚóÌøóáúäóÇ ÇáÑøóæóÇÍó (æóÝöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäúåõ¡ ÚóÌøóáúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøóæóÇÍö) .(5/471)
ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÌöÏó ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö äõÝóíúáò ÌóÇáöÓðÇ Åöáóì Ñõßúäö ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö¡ ÝóÌóáóÓúÊõ Íóæúáóåõ ÊóãóÓøõ ÑõßúÈóÊöí ÑõßúÈóÊóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú ÃóäúÔöÈú Ãóäú ÎóÑóÌó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö (1) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ãõÞúÈöáðÇ ÞõáúÊõ: áöÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö [Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö äõÝóíúáò] (2) : áóíóÞõæáóäøó ÇáúÚóÔöíøóÉó ãóÞóÇáóÉð áóãú íóÞõáúåóÇ ãõäúÐõ ÇÓúÊõÎúáöÝó. ÝóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíøó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÚóÓóíúÊó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú ÞóÈúáóåõ¿ ÝóÌóáóÓó ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóßóÊó ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäõæäó (3) ÞóÇãó ÝóÃóËúäóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöãóÇ åõæó Ãóåúáõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóÇÆöáñ áóßõãú ãóÞóÇáóÉð ÞóÏú ÞõÏøöÑó áöí Ãóäú ÃóÞõæáóåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí áóÚóáøóåóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÃóÌóáöí¡ Ýóãóäú ÚóÞóáóåóÇ æóæóÚóÇåóÇ ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ ÍóíúËõ ÇäúÊóåóÊú Èöåö ÑóÇÍöáóÊõåõ¡ æóãóäú ÎóÔöíó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöáóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃõÍöáøõ áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóßúÐöÈó Úóáóíøó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÈóÚóËó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ (4) ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö ÂíóÉõ (5) ÇáÑøóÌúãö¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃúäóÇåóÇ æóÚóÞóáúäóÇåóÇ æóæóÚóíúäóÇåóÇ¡ ÑóÌóãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÑóÌóãúäóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÔóì Åöäú ØóÇáó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö ÒóãóÇäñ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: [æóÇááøóåö] (6) ãóÇ äóÌöÏõ ÂíóÉó ÇáÑøóÌúãö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóíóÖöáøõæÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÝóÑöíÖóÉò ÃóäúÒóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÌúãõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ãóäú Òóäóì [ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÍúÕöäó] (7) ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÈóáõ Ãóæö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝõ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÞúÑóÃõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞúÑóÃõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö
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(1) Í¡ È: ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(2) Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö äõÝóíúáò Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÞóØú.
(3) Í¡ ã¡ È: ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäõ.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöãøóÇ (æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò Ýöíåö: ÝöíãóÇ) .
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÂíóÉó.
(6) æóÇááøóåö: Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(7) ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÍúÕöäó¡ Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÞóØú.(5/472)
Çááøóåö: [Ãóäú] (1) áóÇ ÊóÑúÛóÈõæÇ Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆößõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßõÝúÑñ Èößõãú Ãóäú ÊóÑúÛóÈõæÇ Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆößõãú (2) ¡ ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó (3) ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ ÊõØúÑõæäöí ßóãóÇ ÃóØúÑóÊö ÇáäøóÕøóÇÑöí ÚöíÓóì (4) ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó¡ æóÞõæáõæÇ: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ» " Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ãöäúßõãú (5) íóÞõæáõ: æóÇááøóåö¡ áóæú ãóÇÊó ÚõãóÑõ áóÈóÇíóÚúÊõ (6) ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÛúÊóÑøóäøó ÇãúÑõÄñ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóáúÊóÉð (7) ÝóÊóãøóÊú (8) ¡ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó æóÞóì ÔóÑøóåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíßõãú (9) ãóäú ÊõÞúØóÚõ ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÞõ Åöáóíúåö ãöËúáõ
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(1) Ãóäú Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÞóØú.
(2) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆößõãú Ãóæú Åöäøó ßõÝúÑðÇ Èößõãú Ãóäú ÊóÑúÛóÈõæÇ Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆößõãú.
(3) È: ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøó¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÃóáóÇ Ëõãøó Åöäøó.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ßóãóÇ ÃõØúÑöíó ÚöíÓóì¡ ã: áóÇ ÊõØúÑõæäöí ÅöØúÑóÇÁó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÚöíÓóì.
(5) Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ãöäúßó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) : Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ Ýöíßõãú¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ Ýöíßõãú æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (í) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: Åöäøó ÂíóÉó ÇáÑøóÌúãö ÇáøóÊöí äõÓöÎóÊú: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÇáÔøóíúÎóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÒóäóíóÇ ÝóÑóÇÌöãõæåõãú ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó. æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúÞóì Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö äóÙöíÑóåóÇ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóíóÏúÑóÄõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 8] .
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÈóÇíóÚúÊõ.
(7) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 12/147: " Ãóíú: ÝóÌúÃóÉð æóÒúäõåõ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ "¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó (ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 12/149) : " ÇáúÝóáúÊóÉõ ÇááøóíúáóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íõÔóßøõ ÝöíåóÇ: åóáú åöíó ãöäú ÑóÌóÈò Ãóæú ÔóÚúÈóÇäó¡ æóåóáú ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö Ãóæú ÕóÝóÑò¿ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ áóÇ íõÔúåöÑõæäó ÇáÓøöáóÇÍó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÔúåõÑö ÇáúÍõÑõãö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóäú áóåõ ËóÃúÑñ ÊóÑóÈøóÕó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Êöáúßó ÇááøóíúáóÉõ ÇäúÊóåóÒó ÇáúÝõÑúÕóÉó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Ãóäú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÇäúÓöáóÇÎõ ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÝóíóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöãøóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÅöíÞóÇÚó ÇáÔøóÑøö Èöåö æóåõæó Âãöäñ ÝóíóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÑøõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ¡ ÝóÔóÈøóåó ÚõãóÑõ ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉó ÈöÇáÔøóåúÑö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóÇáúÝóáúÊóÉó ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ æóæóÞóì Çááøóåõ ÔóÑøó Ðóáößó ÈöÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ ãöäó ÇáäøõåõæÖö Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú æóÅöÎúãóÇÏö ÔóæúßóÊöåöãú¡ ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó (ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö) æóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÌóÇãöÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇäúÊöåóÇÒõ ÇáúÝõÑúÕóÉö¡ áóßöäú ßóÇäó íóäúÔóÃõ Úóäú ÃóÎúÐö ÇáËøóÃúÑö ÇáÔøóÑøõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ÝóæóÞóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÔóÑøó Ðóáößó ".
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóÊóãøóÊú.
(9) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãöäúßõãú (æóÝöì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò Ýöíåö: Ýöíßõãú) .(5/473)
ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (1) ¡ ãóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÔõæÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÈóÇíóÚõ åõæó æóáóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÊóÛöÑøóÉð Ãóäú íõÞúÊóáóÇ (2) ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÎóÈóÑöäóÇ (3) Íöíäó ÊóæóÝøóì Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøó (4) ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ÎóÇáóÝõæäóÇ æóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÈöÃóÓúÑöåöãú Ýöí ÓóÞöíÝóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ æóÎóÇáóÝó ÚóäøóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ æóãóäú ãóÚóåõãóÇ (5) ¡ æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇäúØóáöÞú ÈöäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÎúæóÇäöäóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞúäóÇ äõÑöíÏõåõãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóäóæúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú áóÞöíóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÕóÇáöÍóÇäö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑóÇ ãóÇ ÊóãóÇáóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÇ: Ãóíúäó ÊõÑöíÏõæäó íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¿ ÝóÞõáúäóÇ: äõÑöíÏõ ÅöÎúæóÇäóäóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö (6) ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö. ÝóÞóÇáóÇ: áóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóäú [áóÇ] (7) ÊóÞúÑóÈõæåõãõ. ÇÞúÖõæÇ ÃóãúÑóßõãú. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: æóÇááøóåö¡ áóäóÃúÊöíóäøóåõãú. ÝóÇäúØóáóÞúäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóíúäóÇåõãú Ýöí ÓóÞöíÝóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ãõÒóãøóáñ (8) Èóíúäó ÙóåúÑóÇäóíúåöãú. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ãóÇ áóåõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íõæóÚóßõ (9) .
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ: íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó ãöäúßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóáúÍóÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö áóÇ íóÕöáõ Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóØúãóÚú ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóÞóÚó áóåõ ãöËúáóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóáóÃö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö æóÚóÏóãö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Úóáóíúåö ".
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö 3/386
(3) Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãöäú ÎóíúÑöäóÇ. æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó ãöäú ÎóíúÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Íöíäó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõãóÇ.
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: äõÑöíÏõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöÎúæóÇäóäóÇ.
(7) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " ãõÒóãøóáñ ÈöÊóÔúÏöíÏö Çáúãöíãö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö Ãóíú: ãõÛóáøóÝñ ".
(9) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " íõæÚóßõ ÈöÖóãøö Ãóæøóáöåö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ Ãóíú: íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ ÇáúæóÚúßõ æóåõæó ÇáúÍõãøóì ÈöäóÇÝöÖò æóáöÐóáößó Òõãøöáó ".(5/474)
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóáóÓúäóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ ÊóÔóåøóÏó ÎóØöíÈõåõãú¡ ÝóÃóËúäóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöãóÇ åõæó Ãóåúáõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÃóäúÕóÇÑõ Çááøóåö æóßóÊöíÈóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú ãóÚúÔóÑó (1) ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÑóåúØñ æóÞóÏú ÏóÝøóÊú ÏóÇÝøóÉñ (2) ãöäú Þóæúãößõãú¡ [ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú] (3) íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íóÎúÊóÒöáõæäóÇ (4) ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ æóÃóäú íóÍúÖõäõæäóÇ (5) ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóßóÊó ÃóÑóÏúÊõ (6) Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÒóæøóÑúÊõ (7) ãóÞóÇáóÉð ÃóÚúÌóÈóÊúäöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÏøöãóåóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÃõÏóÇÑöí ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: Úóáóì ÑöÓúáößó (8) . ÝóßóÑöåúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÛúÖöÈóåõ¡ ÝóÊóßóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóßóÇäó åõæó ÃóÍúáóãó ãöäøöí æóÃóæúÞóÑó. æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò ÃóÚúÌóÈóÊúäöí Ýöí ÊóÒúæöíÑöí ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÈóÏöíåóÊöåö ãöËúáóåóÇ Ãóæú ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÓóßóÊó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãú Ýöíßõãú ãöäú ÎóíúÑò ÝóÃóäúÊõãú áóåõ Ãóåúáñ¡ æóáóäú íõÚúÑóÝó (9) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÅöáøóÇ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóíøö ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ åõãú ÃóæúÓóØõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: ãóÚóÇÔöÑó.
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " æóÞóÏú ÏóÝøóÊú ÏóÇÝøóÉñ ãöäú Þóæúãößõãú¡ ÈöÇáÏøóÇáö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÇáúÝóÇÁö: Ãóíú ÚóÏóÏñ Þóáöíáñ¡ æóÃóÕúáõåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóÝøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóØöíÁõ Ýöí ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ".
(3) ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú: Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " íóÎúÊóÒöáõæäóÇ: ÈöÎóÇÁò ãõÚúÌóãóÉò æóÒóÇíò: Ãóíú íóÞúÊóØöÚõæäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóíóäúÝóÑöÏõæÇ Èöåö ÏõæäóäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò: ÎóÒóáúÊõåõ Úóäú ÍóÇÌóÊöåö: ÚóæøóÞúÊõåõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åõäóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö: ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ".
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ãóäú íóÌúÊóËøõæäóÇ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " æóÃóäú íóÍúÖõäõæäóÇ ÈöÍóÇÁò ãõåúãóáóÉò æóÖóÇÁò ãõÚúÌóãóÉò¡ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí: Ãóíú íõÎúÑöÌõæäóÇ¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÍóÖóäóåõ æóÇÍúÊóÖóäóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö: ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Ýöí äóÇÍöíóÉò Úóäúåõ æóÇÓúÊóÈóÏøó Èöåö Ãóæú ÍóÈóÓóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ä: æóÃóÑóÏúÊõ.
(7) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " ÞóÏú ÒóæøóÑúÊõ¡ ÈöÒóÇíò Ëõãøó ÑóÇÁò: Ãóíú åóíøóÃúÊõ æóÍóÓøóäúÊõ¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇáößò: ÑóæóíúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóæöíøóÉö ÖöÏøõ ÇáúÈóÏöíåóÉö ".
(8) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: Úóáóì ÑöÓúáößó: ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáÑøóÇÁö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóíóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ Ãóíú: Úóáóì ãóåóáößó ÈöÝóÊúÍóÊóíúäö.
(9) ä¡ Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóáóäú äóÚúÑöÝó.(5/475)
äóÓóÈðÇ æóÏóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíÊõ áóßõãú ÃóÍóÏó åóÐóíúäö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö¡ ÝóÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÔöÆúÊõãú. ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöí æóÈöíóÏö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö æóåõæó ÌóÇáöÓñ ÈóíúäóäóÇ. Ýóáóãú ÃóßúÑóåú ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑóåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó æóÇááøóåö¡ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÏøóãó ÝóÊõÖúÑóÈó ÚõäõÞöí áóÇ íõÞóÑøöÈõäöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÅöËúãò ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóÊóÃóãøóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúãò Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÓóæøöáó áöí (1) äóÝúÓöí ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÔóíúÆðÇ áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõåõ (2) ÇáúÂäó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö: ÃóäóÇ ÌõÐóíúáõåóÇ ÇáúãõÍóßøóßõ æóÚõÐóíúÞõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÌøóÈõ (3) ¡ ãöäøóÇ ÃóãöíÑñ¡ æóãöäúßõãú ÃóãöíÑñ íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÝóßóËõÑó ÇááøóÛóØõ¡ æóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊö ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊõ ÍóÊøóì ÝóÑöÞúÊõ ãöäú ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÇÈúÓõØú íóÏóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò. ÝóÈóÓóØó íóÏóåõ¡ ÝóÈóÇíóÚúÊõåõ æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÇíóÚúÊõåõ (4) ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ¡ æóäóÒóæúäóÇ (5) Úóáóì ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ [ãöäúåõãú] (6) : ÞóÊóáúÊõãú ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÊóáó Çááøóåõ ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó. ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: æóÅöäøóÇ æóÇááøóåö
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(1) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Åöáóíøó¡ " æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò: áöí ".
(2) Ñ: ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÌöÏõåõ.
(3) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ¡ (Í) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: (ÞóÇáóåõ (Í) : ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ åõæó) ¡ ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ãõäúÐöÑò¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ (Ñ: ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ) ¡ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (í) : " æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: " ÇáúÌõÐóíúáõ ÊóÕúÛöíÑõ ÌöÐúáò¡ ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÌöíãö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáÐøóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚõæÏõ ÇáøóÐöí íõäúÕóÈõ áöáúÅöÈöáö ÇáúÌóÑúÈóì áöÊóÍúÊóßøó Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÕúÛöíÑõ ÊóÚúÙöíãò¡ Ãóíú ÃóäóÇ ãöãøóäú íõÓúÊóÔúÝóì ÈöÑóÃúíåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊõÓúÊóÔúÝóì ÇáúÅöÈöáõ ÇáúÌóÑúÈóì ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊößóÇßö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚõæÏö¡ æóÞöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÕõáúÈõ ÇáúãóßúÓóÑö¡ ÇáúÚõÐóíúÞõ: ÊóÕúÛöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÐúÞö¡ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÚóíúäö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáÐøóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáäøóÎúáóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÕúÛöíÑõ ÊóÚúÙöíãò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÇáúãõÑóÌøóÈõ: ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÈö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú ÊõÚóãøóÏó ÇáäøóÎúáóÉõ ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉõ ÈöÈöäóÇÁò ãöäú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉò Ãóæó ÎóÔóÈò ÅöÐóÇ ÎöíÝó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöØõæáöåóÇ æóßóËúÑóÉö ÍöãúáöåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÞóÚó.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ä: Ëõãøó ÈóÇíóÚóåõ.
(5) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: " æóäóÒóæúäóÇ: Èöäõæäò æóÒóÇíò ãóÝúÊõæÍóÉò Ãóíú: æóËóÈúäóÇ ".
(6) ãöäúåõãú: Ýöí (È) æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÞóØú.(5/476)
ãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóÖóÑúäóÇ ãöäú ÃóãúÑò ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÎóÔöíäóÇ Åöäú ÝóÇÑóÞúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãó æóáóãú Êóßõäú ÈóíúÚóÉñ Ãóäú íõÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈóÚúÏóäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ ÈóÇíóÚúäóÇåõãú (1) Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ äóÑúÖóì (2) ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äõÎóÇáöÝóåõãú (3) Ýóíóßõæäó ÝóÓóÇÏñ¡ Ýóãóäú ÈóÇíóÚó ÑóÌõáðÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö (4) ãóÔõæÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÇÈöÚõ (5) åõæó æóáóÇ ÇáøóÐöí (6) ÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÊóÛöÑøóÉó Ãóäú íõÞúÊóáóÇ " (7) ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ (8) : æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö áóÞöíóÇåõãóÇ (9) . ÚõæóíúãöÑõ (10) (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/327. Èúäõ ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó æóãóÚúäõ Èúäõ ÚóÏöíøò - æóåõãóÇ ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ (11) - ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò: æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö: Ãóäøó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äõÈóÇíöÚóåõãú¡ í: ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äõÈóÇíöÚóåõãú ÈóÇíóÚúäóÇåõãú.
(2) Ê: Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÖóì Çááøóåõ.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóÅöãøóÇ äõÎóÇáöÝõåõãú.
(4) Í¡ È: ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö¡ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÛóíúÑó.
(5) Í¡ í¡ ä: ÝóáóÇ íõÈóÇíöÚõ.
(6) Í¡ È: åõæó æóÇáøóÐöí.
(7) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÔóÑúÊõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÞöØúÚóÉñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáØøóæöíáö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1317 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÑóÌúãö ÇáËøóíøöÈö Ýöí ÇáÒøöäóÇ) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/203 - 204 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌúãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/422 - 443 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÑøóÌúãö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/853 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÌúãö) ¡ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö 2/823 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌúãö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/323 - 327 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ãõØóæøóáðÇ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö áöáúÍóÏöíËö: " æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö 23 ÞõÈóíúáó ãóÞúÊóáö ÚõãóÑó ".
(8) æóåõæó ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò ÑóÇæöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÅöäú áóãú íõæÑöÏúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö ßóÇãöáðÇ Èóáú ÃóæúÑóÏõ ÞöØúÚóÉð ãõÎúÊóÕóÑóÉð ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö " 1/327
(9) í: ÇááøóÐóíúäö áóÞöíóÇåõãóÇ
(10) ÚõæóíúãöÑõ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÝöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Úõæóíúãñ
(11) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " æóåõãóÇ ãöãøóäú ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ " ÅöíÖóÇÍñ ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó: æóáóíúÓóÊú Ýöí " ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö " æóáóÇ Ýöí (ã) .(5/477)
ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÌõÐóíúáõåóÇ ÇáúãõÍóßøóßõ¡ æóÚõÐóíúÞõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÌøóÈõ: ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (1) Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -: Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇÊó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáÓøõäúÍö (2) ÝóÞóÇãó ÚõãóÑõ íóÞõæáõ: æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ãóÇÊó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÞóÇáó (3) : " æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí (4) ÅöáøóÇ ÐóÇßó - æóáóíóÈúÚóËóäøóåõ Çááøóåõ ÝóáóíõÞóØøöÚóäøó ÃóíúÏöíó ÑöÌóÇáò æóÃóÑúÌõáóåõãú ÝóÌóÇÁó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò [- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -] (5) ÝóßóÔóÝó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ÝóÞóÈøóáóåõ] (6) ÝóÞóÇáó (7) : ÈöÃóÈöí æóÃõãøöí (8) ¡ ØöÈúÊó ÍóíøðÇ æóãóíøöÊðÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö¡ áóÇ íõÐöíÞõßó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãóæúÊóÊóíúäö ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÑóÌó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇáöÝõ Úóáóì ÑöÓúáößó. ÝóáóãøóÇ Êóßóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÌóáóÓó ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÇáó (9) : ÃóáóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ (10) ÝóÅöäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Íóíøñ áóÇ íóãõæÊõ¡ æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì (11) : {Åöäøóßó ãóíøöÊñ æóÅöäøóåõãú ãóíøöÊõæäó}
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/6 - 7 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈõ áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ÎóáöíáðÇ) .
(2) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó: ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ: ÈöÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 7/29 " ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÖóÈúØõåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö æóÃóäøóåõ ÈöÓõßõæäö Çáäøõæäö¡ æóÖóÈóØóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøõ ÈöÖóãøöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóäóÇÒöáõ Èóäöí ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌö ÈöÇáúÚóæóÇáöí¡ æóÈóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö ãöíáñ ".
(3) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞóÇáóÊú.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Ýöí äóÝúÓöí.
(5) ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ (í) .
(6) ÝóÞóÈøóáóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó.
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöÃóÈöí ÃóäúÊó æóÃõãøöí.
(9) Í¡ È: ÝóÞóÇáó.
(10) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(11) ä: æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóÞóÇáó.(5/478)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 30] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÃóÝóÅöäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó ÇäúÞóáóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈößõãú æóãóäú íóäúÞóáöÈú Úóáóì ÚóÞöÈóíúåö Ýóáóäú íóÖõÑøó Çááøóåó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓóíóÌúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 144] ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÔóÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÈúßõæäó¡ æóÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ Åöáóì ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Ýöí ÓóÞöíÝóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãöäøóÇ ÃóãöíÑñ¡ æóãöäúßõãú ÃóãöíÑñ¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäõ ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÚõãóÑõ íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÝóÃóÓúßóÊóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íóÞõæáõ: æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ÈöÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøöí åóíøóÃúÊõ ßóáóÇãðÇ ÞóÏú ÃóÚúÌóÈóäöí¡ ÎóÔöíÊõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúáõÛóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó Êóßóáøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÊóßóáøóãó ÃóÈúáóÛó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö: äóÍúäõ ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁõ æóÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáúæõÒóÑóÇÁõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÍõÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ áóÇ äóÝúÚóáõ ãöäøóÇ ÃóãöíÑñ¡ æóãöäúßõãú ÃóãöíÑñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: áóÇ. æóáóßöäøóÇ ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáúæõÒóÑóÇÁõ. åõãú ÃóæúÓóØõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÏóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúÑóÈõåõãú (1) ÃóÍúÓóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÈóÇíöÚõæÇ ÚõãóÑó Ãóæú ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Èóáú äõÈóÇíöÚõßó ÃóäúÊó. ÝóÃóäúÊó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ æóÎóíúÑõäóÇ¡ æóÃóÍóÈøõäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÝóÈóÇíóÚóåõ¡ æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: ÞóÊóáúÊõãú ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó (2) . ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÞóÊóáóåõ Çááøóåõ (3) ".
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÞóÇáóÊú (4) : " ãóÇ ßóÇäó (5) ãöäú ÎõØúÈóÊöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÎõØúÈóÉò ÅöáøóÇ äóÝóÚó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ áóÞóÏú ÎóæøóÝó ÚõãóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóÅöäøó Ýöíåöãú
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóÃóÑúÝóÚõåõãú.
(2) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÞóÊóáúÊõãú ÓóÚúÏðÇ¡ È: ÞóÊóáúÊõãú æóÇááøóåö ÓóÚúÏðÇ.
(3) ÌóÇÁó ÎóÈóÑõ æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí: 2/71 \ 72 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö. .)
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/7 ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú.(5/479)
áóäöÝóÇÞðÇ¡ ÝóÑóÏøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ Ëõãøó áóÞóÏú ÈóÕøóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÚóÑøóÝóåõãõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåöãú ".
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò (1) : Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÎõØúÈóÉó ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó (2) Íöíäó ÌóáóÓó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáúÛóÏó ãöäú íóæúãö ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÊóÔøóåóÏó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÕóÇãöÊñ áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóÚöíÔó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì íóÏúÈõÑóäóÇ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÂÎöÑóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú (3) ãõÍóãøóÏñ (4) ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó (5) ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑößõãú (6) äõæÑðÇ ÊóåúÊóÏõæäó Èöåö¡ Èöåö åóÏóì Çááøóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ (7) ¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÕóÇÍöÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ËóÇäöíó ÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ (8) Ãóæúáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÃõãõæÑößõãú¡ ÝóÞõæãõæÇ ÝóÈóÇíöÚõæåõ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÏú ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓóÞöíÝóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÉõ (9) ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö ".
æóÚóäúåõ (10) : " ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ (11) ÚõãóÑó íóÞõæáõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò íóæúãóÆöÐò: ÇÕúÚóÏö ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáú Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ÕóÚöÏó [ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó] (12) ÝóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚóÇãøóÉð ".
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(1) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/81 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö) .
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉó.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÅöäú íóßõ.
(4) ã¡ Í¡ Ñ: ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ.
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì.
(6) Ñ¡ í: ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó áóßõãú Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑößõãú.
(7) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÅöäøóåõ " æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ".
(9) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÈóíúÚóÊõåõ.
(10) Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/81 (ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð) .
(11) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ.
(12) ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/480)
æóÝöí ØóÑöíÞò (1) ÃõÎúÑóì áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö (2) : " ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó Çááøóåõ áöÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáøóÐöí (3) åóÏóì Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ (4) ¡ ÝóÎõÐõæÇ Èöåö ÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ¡ áöãóÇ åóÏóì Çááøóåõ (5) Èöåö ÑóÓõæáóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (6) ".
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÚäÏ ÇáÇÍÊÖÇÑ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (7)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (8) : " æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö: áóíúÊóäöí ßõäúÊõ ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åóáú áöáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÍóÞøñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí Ôóßøò ãöäú ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö æóáóãú ÊóÞóÚú ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ (9) Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóåõæó áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Ýöí Ãóíøö ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöãóäú íóØúÚóäõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÍößóÇíóÉò áóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó áóåóÇ¿
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚõæäóåõ (10) ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú
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(1) ä: ØóÑöíÞóÉò.
(2) Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/91 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÚõãóÑó.
(3) Í¡ È: æóåóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÑóÓõæáóßõãú.
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóÅöäøóãóÇ åóÏóì Çááøóåõ (æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì: áöãóÇ åóÏóì Çááøóåõ. .) .
(6) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(7) í: ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÝóÕúáò ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(8) Ýöí (ß) Õ 133 (ã) .
(9) Í: ßóÐøóÇÈñ.
(10) ä¡ ã: íóÏøóÚõæåõ.(5/481)
äóÕøó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò áóãú íóßõäú áöáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ýöíåö ÍóÞøñ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Ðóáößó Ôóßøñ.
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÞóÇáó ÚöäúÏó ÇÍúÊöÖóÇÑöåö: áóíúÊó Ãõãøöí áóãú ÊóáöÏúäöí! íóÇ áóíúÊóäöí (3) ßõäúÊõ ÊöÈúäóÉð Ýöí áóÈöäóÉò¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú [ÞóÏú] (4) äóÞóáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ãöäú ãõÍúÊóÖöÑò íóÍúÊóÖöÑõ ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÑóì ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö» (5) ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó Êóßóáøõãóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò¡ Èóáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊõÖöÑó¡ æóÊóãóËøóáóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
áóÚóãúÑõßó ãóÇ íõÛúäöí ÇáËøóÑóÇÁõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÊóì ... ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÔúÑóÌóÊú íóæúãðÇ æóÖóÇÞó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÕøóÏúÑõ
ÝóßóÔóÝó Úóäú æóÌúåöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú Þóæúáöí: {æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÓóßúÑóÉõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Ðóáößó ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ãöäúåõ ÊóÍöíÏõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Þ: 19] .
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(1) í: ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇãöäó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóÕúáñ " ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (Í) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 133 (ã) .
(3) Í¡ È: áóíúÊóäöí.
(4) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) ß: Ãóæö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóßöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/99 \ 100 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóíøöÊö íõÚúÑóÖõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÞúÚóÏõåõ ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö) ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: (Åöäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíúåö ãóÞúÚóÏõåõ ÈöÇáúÛóÏóÇÉö æóÇáúÚóÔöíøö¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö Ýóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ ãóÞúÚóÏõßó ÍóÊøóì íóÈúÚóËóßó Çááøóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö) . æóÊóßóÑøóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/117 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ) 8/107 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö ÈóÇÈõ ÓóßóÑóÇÊö ÇáúãóæúÊö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2199 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÕöÝóÉö äóÚöíãöåóÇ æóÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÚóÑúÖö ãóÞúÚóÏö ÇáúãóíøöÊö ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö. .)(5/482)
æóáóßöäú äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö: áóíúÊó Ãõãøöí áóãú ÊóáöÏúäöí! æóäóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÎóæúÝðÇ - Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäúåõ. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæåõ ÎóæúÝðÇ æóåóíúÈóÉð ãöäú ÃóåúæóÇáö íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áóæú ÎõíøöÑúÊõ Èóíúäó Ãóäú ÃõÍóÇÓóÈó æóÃóÏúÎõáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú ÃóÕöíÑó ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ¡ áóÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÕöíÑó ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö áóæóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÔóÌóÑóÉñ ÊõÚúÖóÏõ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " (1) ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó (2) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáÕøóÇÆöÛõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáÓøóÑöíøõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì. ÞóÇáó (3) : ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: " áóæú æóÞóÝúÊõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞöíáó áöí: ÇÎúÊóÑú Ýöí ÃóíøöåöãóÇ Êóßõæäõ¡ Ãóæú Êóßõæäõ ÑóãóÇÏðÇ¡ áóÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ÑóãóÇÏðÇ " (4) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò (5) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇáöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ÚöäúÏó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Çáúíóãöíäö¡ Ãóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈöíäó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: áóßöäøó åóÇåõäóÇ ÑóÌõáñ æóÏøó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó áóãú íõÈúÚóËú¡ íóÚúäöí äóÝúÓóåõ.
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ (6) : åóáú åõæó ãóÔúÑõæÚñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ áóåõ ãóæúÖöÚñ ÂÎóÑõ. áóßöäøó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: Ýöí ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " 1/133
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóáúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ åõæó ãóÇ Ýöí " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö ".
(3) Ýöí " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö "¡ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó.
(4) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö ÇÎúÊóÑú äõÎóíøöÑúßó ãöäú ÃóíøöåöãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúßó Ãóæú Êóßõæäõ ÑóãóÇÏðÇ áóÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ÑóãóÇÏðÇ
(5) Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö.(5/483)
ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑó Úóäú ÎóæúÝö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó Çááøóåö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäöåö ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áöãóäú ÎóÇÝóåõ Íöíäó ÃóãóÑó Ãóåúáóåõ ÈöÊóÍúÑöíÞöåö æóÊóÐúÑöíóÉö äöÕúÝöåö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö æóäöÕúÝöåö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúãóáú ÎóíúÑðÇ ÞóØøõ. æóÞóÇáó: «æóÇááøóåö¡ áóÆöäú ÞóÏóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó áóíõÚóÐøöÈóäöí ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ áóÇ íõÚóÐøöÈõåõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ; ÝóÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÈóÑøó ÝóÌóãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ÝóÌóãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö. æóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ Íóãóáóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÊößó íóÇ ÑóÈøö¡ ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ» ¡ ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (1) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚó Ôóßøöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ÈöÎóæúÝöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóæúÝó ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö áöáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÐõäõæÈñ.
(ÝóÕúáñ) (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: áóíúÊóäöí Ýöí ÙõáøóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó ÖóÑóÈúÊõ ÈöíóÏöí Úóáóì íóÏö (4) ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö¡ ÝóßóÇäó (5) åõæó ÇáúÃóãöíÑó¡ æóßõäúÊõ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/145 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íõÈóÏøöáõæÇ ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö) ãõÓúáöãò 4/2109 - 2110 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÓóÚóÉö ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì) ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÝöíåóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/176 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö) Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò 8/101 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó Çááøóåö) ¡ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/2110¡ 2111 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÓóÚóÉö ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö) ÍóÏöíËñ 25¡ 27 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/1421 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÒøõåúÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 3/77 - 78¡ 5/4¡ 383¡ 407 - 408
(2) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóÕúáñ " ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚó ÚóÔóÑó.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 133 (ã)
(4) íóÏö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(5) ß: æóßóÇäó.(5/484)
ÇáúæóÒöíÑó ". ÞóÇáó (1) : " æóåõæó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÕóÇáöÍðÇ íóÑúÊóÖöí áöäóÝúÓöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó " (2) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇáóåõ (3) Ýóåõæó ÃóÏóáøõ Ïóáöíáò (4) Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáó åóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÖóíøöÚó ÍóÞøó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóáøóì ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó æóÒöíÑðÇ áóåõ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÈúÑóÃó áöÐöãøóÊöåö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó¡ áóßóÇäóÊú ÊóæúáöíóÊõåõ áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö ÅöÖóÇÚóÉð áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóßõæäõ æóÒöíÑðÇ áöÙóÇáöãò ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÈóÇÚó ÂÎöÑóÊóåõ ÈöÏõäúíóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ãóäú íóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó¡ æóíóØúáõÈõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó ÐöãøóÊöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóíøöÊõ ÞóÏú æóÕøóì ÈöÏõíõæäò¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÇáúæóÇÑöËõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó áóåóÇ ÔóÎúÕñ¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóåóÇ Åöáóíúåö ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ áóíúÊóäöí (5) ÃóÑúÓóáúÊõåóÇ ãóÚó ãóäú åõæó ÃóÏúíóäõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÎóæúÝðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÞóÕøöÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö¡ ÊóÝúÑöíØðÇ Ãóæú ÎöíóÇäóÉð. æóåõäóÇßó ÔóÎúÕñ ÍóÇÖöÑñ íóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõ áöáÏøóíúäö Ïõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ Ýóáóæú Úóáöãó ÇáúæóÇÑöËõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ; áóßóÇäó íõÚúØöíåö æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö Èöåö Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚÏã ÎÑæÌ ÃÈí ÈßÑ æÚãÑ ãÚ ÌíÔ ÃÓÇãÉ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (6)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (7) : " æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí
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(1) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(2) ß: íóÑúÊóÖöí äóÝúÓóåõ áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
(3) Í: Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÏóáøö Ïóáöíáò.
(5) Í¡ È: ÞóÇáó áóíúÊóäöí.
(6) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÝóÕúáñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(7) Ýöí (ß) Õ 133 (ã) .(5/485)
ãóÑóÖö ãóæúÊöåö¡ ãóÑøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ãõßóÑøöÑðÇ áöÐóáößó: «ÃóäúÝöÐõæÇ (1) ÌóíúÔó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ áóÚóäó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÊóÎóáøöÝó Úóäú ÌóíúÔö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóãõäöÚó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉó (2) ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÑúÓóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæú ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí ÌóíúÔö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÚõãóÑó¡ æóßóíúÝó íõÑúÓöáõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÌóíúÔö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ íõÕóáøöí ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõÏøóÉó ãóÑóÖöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ ãóÑóÖöåö ãöäú íóæúãö ÇáúÎóãöíÓö Åöáóì ÇáúÎóãöíÓö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö¡ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó íóæúãðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÞóÏøöãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÕóáøóÇåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóáóÇÉð æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÊóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÕóáóÇÉó íóæúãò æóáóÇ íóæúãóíúäö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÙóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÏøóÚöíåö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÏøóãóÊúåõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÃóãúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Èöåöãú ãõÏøóÉó ãóÑóÖöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó (3) Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÕóáøö Èöåöãú Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ãóæúÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÚöÏøóÉó (4) ÃóíøóÇãò. æóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÕóáóÇÉð¡ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÎóØóÈó Èöåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö.
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(1) ÇäúÝõÐõæÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ (ß) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: äóÝøöÐõæÇ.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáÓøöíóÑó.
(3) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ¡ (í) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóßúÊõæÈñ ÈöÎóØøö ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ãöäú åõäóÇ Åöáóì ÚöäúÏö Þóæúáöåö áóßöäú ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ".
(4) Í¡ È: ãõÏøóÉó.(5/486)
åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉõ¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáú íõÕóáøöí Èöåöãú Åöáóì ÝóÌúÑö íóæúãö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö: Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóßóÔóÝó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáÓøöÊóÇÑóÉó¡ ÝóÑóÂåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó ÎóáúÝó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ßóÇÏõæÇ íõÝóÊóäõæäó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÎóì ÇáÓøöÊóÇÑóÉó. æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÂÎöÑõ ÚóåúÏöåöãú Èöåö¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó íóæúãó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö Íöíäó ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáÖøõÍóì ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøóæóÇáö.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãöäú (1) ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáó (2) Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÏú Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ãõÏøóÉó ãóÑóÖöåö ßõáøóåóÇ¡ áóßöäú (3) «ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò áóãøóÇ æóÌóÏó ÎöÝøóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÌóÚóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÃúÊóãøõ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (4) ¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÃúÊóãøõæäó ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò» ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÔóÝó ÇáÓøöÊóÇÑóÉó íóæúãó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö¡ æóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó ÎóáúÝó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóæóÌúåõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÃóäøóåõ æóÑóÞóÉõ ãõÕúÍóÝò¡ ÝõÓøöÑó ÈöÐóáößó áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÎóáúÝó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóãú íóÑóæúåõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÂÎöÑó ÕóáóÇÉò ÕóáøóÇåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÎóáúÝó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. æóÞöíáó: Õóáøóì ÎóáúÝóåõ ÛóíúÑóåóÇ.
ÝóßóíúÝó íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÒóÇÉö æóåõæó íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö¿ !
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(1) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáøóÊöí Þöíáó¡ æóÈóÚúÏó " ÞóÈúáó " íõæÌóÏõ ÈóíóÇÖñ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ßóáöãóÉò Ýöí (í) .
(3) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßõÊöÈó " ßõÊöÈó Åöáóì åõäóÇ Ïõæäó ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ".
(4) ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö " Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " ÊóäúÊóåöí Õ 241 æóßõÊöÈó Ýöí ÃóÓúÝóáö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ãóÇ íóáöí: " ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöí ÑóÈúØó ÂÎóÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÝóÊóäóÈøóåú "¡ æóæõÌöÏóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóßóÇäöåóÇ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö (í) ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí Õ 252(5/487)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóåøóÒó ÌóíúÔó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóãúÑóÖó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóãøóÑóåõ Úóáóì ÌóíúÔò ÚóÇãøóÊõåõãõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó¡ ãöäúåõãú ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚóåúÏöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ (1) ËóáóÇËóÉó ÂáóÇÝò¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÛöíÑó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ãõÄúÊóÉó¡ æóÚóáóì ÌóÇäöÈö ÝöáóÓúØöíäó¡ ÍóíúËõ ÃõÕöíÈó ÃóÈõæåõ¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÑóæóÇÍóÉó¡ ÝóÊóÌóåøóÒó ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò áöáúÛóÒúæö¡ æóÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ËöÞóáöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÑúÝö¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ ÃóíøóÇãðÇ áöÔóßúæóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: " «ÇÛúÏõ Úóáóì ÈóÑóßóÉö Çááøóåö æóÇáäøóÕúÑö æóÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉö. Ëõãøó ÃóÛöÑú (2) ÍóíúËõ ÃóãóÑúÊõßó Ãóäú ÊõÛöíÑó " ÞóÇáó ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÕúÈóÍúÊó ÖóÚöíÝðÇ¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Çááøóåõ ÞóÏú ÚóÇÝóÇßó¡ ÝóÃúÐóäú áöí ÝóÃóãúßõËõ ÍóÊøóì íóÔúÝöíóßó Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøöí Åöäú ÎóÑóÌúÊõ æóÃóäúÊó Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÎóÑóÌúÊõ æóÝöí äóÝúÓöí ãöäúßó ÞõÑúÍóÉñ¡ æóÃóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú ÃóÓúÃóáó Úóäúßó ÇáäøóÇÓó " ÝóÓóßóÊó Úóäúåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈöÃóíøóÇãò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóáóÓó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóäúÝóÐóåõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóíúÔö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóåõ Ýöí (3) Ãóäú íóÃúÐóäó áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Ðõæ ÑóÃúíò äóÇÕöÍò áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ¡ æóÓóÇÑó ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ áöæóÌúåöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÃóÕóÇÈó Ýöí Ðóáößó (4) ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ãõÕöíÈóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð¡ æóÛóäöãó åõæó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÞóÊóáó ÞóÇÊöáó ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÑóÏøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÓóÇáöãöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö» .
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(1) Í¡ È: æóßóÇäó.
(2) ä¡ ã: Ëõãøó ÃóÛöÑú.
(3) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(4) Ðóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(5/488)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÝóÐó ÌóíúÔó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÍõáøõ ÑóÇíóÉð ÚóÞóÏóåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Ãóäú íóÑõÏøó ÇáúÌóíúÔó ÎóæúÝðÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÎóÇÝõæÇ Ãóäú íóØúãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóíúÔö ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãöäú ÑóÏøö ÇáúÌóíúÔö æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöäúÝóÇÐöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÛúÒõæäó ÚóÞöÈó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóíøóÏó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáÏøöíäó¡ æóÔóÏøó Èöåö ÞõáõæÈó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÃóÐóáøó Èöåö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó æóÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóÅöíãóÇäöåö æóíóÞöíäöåö æóÊóÏúÈöíÑöåö [æóÑóÃúíöåö] (1) .
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ãä ÇáäÈí Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áã íæáå ÃÈÏÇ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íõæóáøö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó ÚóãóáðÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö¡ Èóáú æóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÃóäúÝóÐóåõ (4) ÈöÓõæÑóÉö " ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó " ÑóÏøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÈöæóÍúíò ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóßóíúÝó íóÑúÊóÖöí (5) ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ ÅöãóÇãóÉó ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúÊóÖöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (6) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöæóÍúíò ãöäó Çááøóåö áöÃóÏóÇÁö ÚóÔúÑö ÂíóÇÊò ãöäú " ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó "¿ ! ".
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(1) æóÑóÃúíöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÝóÕúáñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 134 (ã) .
(4) ÃóäúÝóÐóåõ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ (ß) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö äóÝøóÐóåõ.
(5) Í¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: íóÑúÖóì.
(6) Í¡ È¡ í¡ Ñ: ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö.(5/489)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúíóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö ÚóÇãó ÊöÓúÚò¡ æóåõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÍóÌøò ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú ãóÏöíäóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáóåõ ÍóÌøñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÌøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÞóÇãóåóÇ ÚóÊøóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÓöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóßøóÉó ÝõÊöÍóÊó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäö¡ ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÍóÌøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÇãó ÚóÊøóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÃõÓóíúÏò¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãøóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò áöáúÍóÌøö¡ ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáúãõäóÇÏóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÓöãö: «Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍõÌøó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ¡ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäõ» ¡ æóáóãú íõÄóãøöÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóíúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóæóáóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÄóãøöÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ßóÊóÃúãöíÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ßóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÍöÞóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãöíÑñ Ãóæú (1) ãóÃúãõæÑñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Èóáú ãóÃúãõæÑñ¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãóÚó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóíóÃúÊóãöÑõ áöÃóãúÑöåö ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊóãöÑõ áóåõ ÓóÇÆöÑõ ãóäú ãóÚóåõ¡ æóäóÇÏóì Úóáöíøñ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö (2) Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
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(2) ÈóÚúÏó ßóáöãóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÃóÓúÝóáö äõÓúÎóÉö (í) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: " ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÑóÈúØó åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö¡ Ýöí ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö " æóæóÌóÏúÊõ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáÊøóÇáöíó Ýöí Õ 244(5/490)
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(1) Í¡ È: Ýóåõæó ãöäó.
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(3) Í¡ È: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú¡ Ñ¡ í: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáó.
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(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÊóØóÇæóÚóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝóÇ " ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú ÊóÑöÏú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈõÑúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÚóËó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö æóÞóÇáó áóåõãóÇ: " íóÓøöÑóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÚóÓøöÑóÇ¡ æóÈóÔøöÑóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõäóÝøöÑóÇ¡ æóÊóØóÇæóÚóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝóÇ ". æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáúÃóÏóÈö æóÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí (Ýöí ØóÈúÚóÉö Ï. ÇáúÈõÛóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãö: 2873¡ 4086 - 4088¡ 5773¡ 6751) æóåõæó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1358¡ 1359 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáÊøóíúÓöíÑö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáÊøóäúÝöíÑö) æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) 4/412¡ 417 æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáÓøóáóÇÓöáö ÝóåõæóÚóäú ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 3/151 æóäóÕøõåõ: ÞóÇáó: ÈóÚóËó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌóíúÔó ÐóÇÊö ÇáÓøóáóÇÓöáö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãóÇ: ÊóØóÇæóÚóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó Ãóäú íõÛöíÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó ÚóãúÑñæ ÝóÃóÛóÇÑó Úóáóì ÞõÖóÇÚóÉó¡ áöÃóäøó ÈóßúÑðÇ ÃóÎúæóÇáõåõ¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÔõÚúÈóÉó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóßó ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇÈúäó ÝõáóÇäò ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÈóÚó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóßó ãóÚóåõ ÃóãúÑñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó: Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÊóØóÇæóÚó¡ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÃõØöíÚõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÅöäú ÚóÕóÇåõ ÚóãúÑñæ ". ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔÇßÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: " ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö¡ ÚóÇãöÑñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÔóÑóÇÍöíáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÅöãóÇãñ ßóÈöíÑñ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ ËöÞóÉñ ÍõÌøóÉñ: æóáóßöäøóåõ áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÚóãúÑðÇ ÝóÃóæúáóì Ãóäú áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó. . . ÇÑúÊóÈóÚó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúÞóæúãö: Ãóíö: ÇäúÊóÙóÑó Ãóäú íõÄóãøóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÛóÒúæóÉö Ýöí (ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö) 3/386 - 387¡ ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 4/272 - 274¡ ÅöãúÊóÇÚó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö Õ 352 - 354.(5/491)
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(1) Í¡ È¡ í: ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåöãú.
(2) Í¡ È: ãöäú ÊóÃúáöíÝö.
(3) Åöáóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(5/492)
æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ÝóíóÃúãõÑõ æóíóäúåóì¡ æóíóÎúØõÈõ æóíõÝúÊöí¡ íõæóÞøöÑõåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÑóÇÖöíðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ.
æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÊóÞóÏøõãðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ Èóáú ÈöÅöÐúäò ãöäúåõ ÞóÏú Úóáöãóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÚõæäóÉð áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÊóÈúáöíÛðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóäúÝöíÐðÇ áöÃóãúÑöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãóåõãú ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÃóÍóÈøóåõãú (1) Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÃóÊúÈóÚóåõãú áóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóäúÝóÐóåõ ÈöÈóÑóÇÁóÉó ÑóÏøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÃóãøóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÐóåóÈó ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÍóÌøó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÇãö¡ ÚóÇãó ÊöÓúÚò¡ áöáäøóÇÓö æóáóãú íóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÞóÖóì ÇáúÍóÌøó¡ æóÃóäúÝóÐó Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍõÌøõæäó ÇáúÈóíúÊó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóØõæÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑóÇÉð¡ æóßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÚõåõæÏñ ãõØúáóÞóÉñ¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõäóÇÏöíó: «Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍõÌøó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÇãö ãõÔúÑößñ¡ æóáóÇ íóØõæÝó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÚõÑúíóÇäñ» ¡ ÝóäóÇÏóì ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú ÃóãóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáäøöÏóÇÁö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÇãó¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóäú äóÇÏóì ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÓöãö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò áöíóäúÈöÐó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáúÚõåõæÏó.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöÏó ÇáúÚõåõæÏó æóáóÇ íóÝúÓóÎõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõØóÇÚõ¡ Ãóæú ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö. ÝóÈóÚóËó ÚóáöíøðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÝóÓúÎö ÇáúÚõåõæÏö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ áóãú íóÈúÚóËúåõ áöÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íõÕóáøöí ÎóáúÝó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÃóÎóÕøóåõãú.(5/493)
ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóíóÏúÝóÚõ ÈöÏóÝúÚöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÓöãö.
æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ æóÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝöåö áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÊóÑóßóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ áóåõ: «ÃóãóÇ ÊóÑúÖóì Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäøöí ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö åóÇÑõæäó ãöäú ãõæÓóì» ¿
Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÃóãøóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÓöãö¡ æóÃóÑúÏóÝóåõ ÈöÚóáöíøò ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÎóáöíÝóÉð áóåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÏøóÉó ãóÛöíÈöåö Úóäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝóÞóØú. Ëõãøó ÃóãøóÑó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóíúåö ÚóÇãó ÊöÓúÚò¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÈóÚóËó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó¡ æóãõÚóÇÐðÇ Åöáóì Çáúíóãóäö¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó Úóáöíøñ æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÞóÏú Ãóåóáøó ÈöÅöåúáóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãõÚóÇÐñ Ýóáóãú íóÑúÌöÚú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ãäå ÞØÚ íÓÇÑ ÓÇÑÞ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÞóØóÚó íóÓóÇÑó ÓóÇÑöÞò (3) ¡ æóáóãú íóÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóØúÚó áöáúíóÏö Çáúíõãúäóì " (4) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò íóÌúåóáõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúßóÐöÈö. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó íõÌöíÒõ Ðóáößó (5) ¡ áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÞóæúáðÇ ÓóÇÆöÛðÇ ;
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(1) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóÕúáñ " ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 134 (ã) .
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ ä¡ ã¡ í: íóÏó ÓóÇÑöÞò È: íóÏó ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ß) .
(4) Ñ¡ ã: Çáúíóãöíäö.
(5) Ðóáößó ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .(5/494)
áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áóíúÓó Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑöåö ãóÇ íõÚóíøöäõ Çáúíóãöíäó¡ áóßöäøó ÊóÚúíöíäó (1) Çáúíóãöíäö Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: " ÝóÇÞúØóÚõæÇ ÃóíúãóÇäóåõãóÇ " æóÈöÐóáößó ãóÖóÊö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ. æóáóßöäú Ãóíúäó ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóØóÚó ÇáúíõÓúÑóì¿ æóÃóíúäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ¿ ÈöÐóáößó æóåóÐöåö ßõÊõÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÂËóÇÑö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ äóÞóáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó (2) ÞóæúáðÇ¡ ãóÚó ÊóÚúÙöíãöåöãú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ Ãäå ÃÍÑÞ ÇáÝÌÇÁÉ ÇáÓáãí ÈÇáäÇÑ æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (3)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " æóÃóÍúÑóÞó ÇáúÝõÌóÇÁóÉó ÇáÓøõáóãöíøó ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÏú äóåóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäö (5) ÇáúÅöÍúÑóÇÞö ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö ".
ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÍúÑóÇÞó ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÃóÔúåóÑõ æóÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ [æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó] Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (6) . Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃõÊöíó ÈöÞóæúãò ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉò ãöäú ÛõáóÇÉö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÝóÍóÑøóÞóåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú ßõäúÊõ ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃõÍóÑøöÞúåõãú ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö ; áóäóåúíö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íõÚóÐøóÈó ÈöÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÖóÑóÈúÊõ ÃóÚúäóÇÞóåõãú ; áöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãóäú ÈóÏøóáó Ïöíäóåõ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ» " (7) .
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(1) Ñ: ÊóÚõíøõäó.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
(3) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " ÝóÕúáñ " ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 134 (ã) .
(5) ß: ãöäó.
(6) í: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ä¡ ã: ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö
(7) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/307 æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ßõÊöÈó: " æóãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáöíøñ: áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÃóãúÑðÇ ãõäúßóÑóÇ ÃóÌøóÌúÊõ äóÇÑöí æóÏóÚóæúÊõ ÞõäúÈõÑóÇ(5/495)
ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóíúÍó ÇÈúäö Ãõãøö ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãóÇ ÃóÓúÞóØóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúåóäóÇÊö.
ÝóÚóáöíøñ ÍóÑøóÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ ÝóÝöÚúáõ Úóáöíøò ÃóäúßóÑõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõ Úóáöíøò ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõäúßóÑõ ãöËúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íõäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÃÈÇ ÈßÑ ÎÝí óáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú (3) íóÚúÑöÝú Íõßúãó ÇáúßóáóÇáóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÞõæáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÑóÃúíöí¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõ (4) ÕóæóÇÈðÇ Ýóãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöäú íóßõ (5) ÎóØóÃð Ýóãöäøöí æóãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ æóÞóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöÓóÈúÚöíäó ÞóÖöíøóÉð¡ æóåõæó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞõÕõæÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäö. ßóíúÝó (6) íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóäú íóÞúÖöí æóíõÝúÊöí ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¿ ! æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóßúËóÑó ãõÔóÇæóÑóÉð áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (7) ãöäúåõ áóåõ æóáöÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåõ Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ.
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 134 (ã) .
(3) Í¡ È¡ ä¡ ã: æóáóãú.
(4) Í¡ È: íóßõäú¡ ß: ßóÇäó.
(5) ß: ßóÇäó.
(6) È: æóßóíúÝó.
(7) ä¡ ã: ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(5/496)
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ ãöËúáõ ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ Èóíøöäñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó áóãú ÊóÎúÊóáöÝú Ýöí æóáóÇíóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÕøóáóåóÇ åõæó ÈöÚöáúãò íõÈóíøöäõåõ áóåõãú¡ æóÍõÌøóÉò íóÐúßõÑõåóÇ áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Èóíøóäó áóåõãú ãóæúÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÊóËúÈöíÊóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÂíóÉó (1) ¡ Ëõãøó Èóíøóäó áóåõãú ãóæúÖöÚó ÏóÝúäöåö¡ æóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú ÞöÊóÇáó ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó [áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÑóÇÈó Ýöíåö ÚõãóÑõ] (2) ¡ æóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò Ýöí ÓóÞöíÝóÉö Èóäöí ÓóÇÚöÏóÉó¡ áóãøóÇ Ùóäøó ãóäú Ùóäøó ÃóäøóåóÇ Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò.
æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì Ãóæøóáö ÍóÌøóÉò ÍõÌøóÊú ãöäú ãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÚöáúãõ ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö ÃóÏóÞøõ ãóÇ (3) Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÓóÚóÉõ Úöáúãöåö ÈöåóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáúåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Úöáúãõåõ ÈöåóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÛóíúÑóåõ áóÇ Ýöí ÍóÌøò æóáóÇ Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉò.
æóßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÑóÖóåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÎóÐóåõ ÃóäóÓñ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÛóáöØó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó áöÛóíúÑöåö ãóÓóÇÆöáõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚóÊö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáó: ãöËúáö ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö¡ æóãöËúáö
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(1) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ¡ (í) ßõÊöÈó ÃóãóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö¡ " æóãóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÓõæáñ. .) ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ãóÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(5/497)
ÇáúÚõãúÑóÊóíúäö¡ æóãöËúáö ÇáúÚóæúáö (1) ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö (* ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö æóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö (2) . ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÇáËøóáóÇËö ÈößóáöãóÉò¡ æóÇáúÎóáöíøóÉö (3) .¡ æóÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉõ (4) ¡ æóÇáúÈóÊøóÉõ (5) ¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáó *) (6) . ÕóÇÑóÊú ãóÓóÇÆöáó äöÒóÇÚò Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö. æóßóÇäó ÊóäóÇÒõÚõåõãú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó äöÒóÇÚó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ãóÍúÖò: ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú íõÞöÑøõ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Úóáóì ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ ßóÊóäóÇÒõÚö (7) . ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝóÞóæöíó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑó íóÍúÕõáõ ßóáóÇãñ ÛóáöíÙñ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú áöÈóÚúÖò¡ æóáóßöäú áóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ ÈöÇáúíóÏö (8) . æóáóÇ ÈöÓóíúÝò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò ÝóÊóÛóáøóÙó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ ÈöÇáÓøõíõæÝö.
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(1) ä: ÇáúÚóÒúáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÝöí " ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝóÇÊö " áöáúÌõÑúÌóÇäöíøö: " Çáúãóíúáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæúÑö æóÇáÑøóÝúÚö¡ æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÓøöåóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö¡ ÝóÊóÚõæáõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ Åöáóì ÓöåóÇãö ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö¡ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÍöÕóÕöåöãú ". æóÝöí " ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúæóÓöíØö "¡ æóÇáúÚóæúáõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö: " ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÕöÈóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö ÝóÊóäúÞõÕõ ÞöíãóÊõåóÇ ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÇáúÍöÕóÕö ".
(2) ä: ãóÓóÇÆöáö
(3) Ýöí " ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúæóÓöíØö ": " æóÇáúÎóáöíøóÉõ ßóáöãóÉñ ãöäú ßöäóÇíóÇÊö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ íõÞóÇáõ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö: ÃóäúÊö ÎóáöíøóÉñ: ÅöÐóÇ äóæóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáØøóáóÇÞó æóÞóÚó "
(4) Ýöí " ÇáúãõÍóáøóì " áöÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò 10/186 " Ø. ÇáúãõäöíÑöíøóÉö 1352 ": " æóãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÝóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó¡ äóæóì ÈöåóÇ ØóáóÇÞðÇ Ãóæú áóãú íóäúæö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÝõÊúíóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÞóÖóÇÁò¡ ãöËúáó ÇáúÎóáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóäúÊö ãõÈúÑóÃóÉñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÇÑóÃúÊõßö¡ æóÍóÈúáõßö Úóáóì ÛóÇÑöÈößö¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóÌõ¡ æóÞóÏú æóåóÈúÊõßö áöÃóåúáößö¡ Ãóæú áöãóäú íóÐúßõÑõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÃóåúáö. .)
(5) Ýöí " ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúæóÓöíØö ": " ÈóÊøó ØóáóÇÞó ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÌóÚóáóåõ ÈóÇÊøðÇ áóÇ ÑóÌúÚóÉó Ýöíåö ". æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãõÍóáøóì 10/187 - 194
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ã)
(7) ä¡ ã: ßóÓóÇÆöÑö
(8) È (ÝóÞóØú) : ÈöíóÏò(5/498)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýóáóãú íõÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Èóíúäóåõãú äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáÏøöíäö ; æóÐóáößó áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóÚóÏúáöåö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÒöíáõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚó¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íóÞóÚõ Èóíúäóåõãú äöÒóÇÚñ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÝúÕöáõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚó ãóÇ íóÒõæáõ ãóÚóåóÇ (1) . ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáúÝóÇÕöáóÉö áöáäøöÒóÇÚö íóÃúÊöí ÈöåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ æóÞóáöíáñ ãöäú Ðóáößó íóÞõæáõåõ ÚõãóÑõ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÝóíõÞöÑøõåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ.
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Ëõãøó ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÎõæáöÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ Þóæúáõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö. æóØóÑúÏõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö æóÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÃóßóÇÈöÑöåöãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÞõØõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ØóæóÇÆöÝó (2) . ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÓõÑóíúÌò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúÈóÑúãóßöíøö ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ Ðóáößó ÑöæóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÈöÊóæúÑöíËö ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ ßóÚóáöíøò æóÒóíúÏò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ (3) . ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÇáó ÞóæúáðÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö
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(1) È: ãóÇ íóÒõæáõ Èöåö¡ Í: ãóÇ íõÒöíáõ ãóÚóåõ
(2) ä¡ Ñ: ØóÇÆöÝóÉò
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ(5/499)
Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö æóÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ [áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚõ ÈóÓúØöåóÇ] (1) . .
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÕöÏøöíÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÝóÓúÎö ÇáúÍóÌøö Åöáóì ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóãóÊøõÚö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ØóáøóÞó ËóáóÇËðÇ ÈößóáöãóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò áóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ØóáúÞóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ åõæó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ¡ Ïõæäó ãóäú íõÍóÑøöãõ ÇáúÝóÓúÎó æóíõáúÒöãõ ÈöÇáËøóáóÇËö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áöÐóáößó.
æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö ÍóÇáö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú æóáöíó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó¡ Èóáú æóãöãøóäú æóáöíó ÛóíúÑóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ßóÇäóÊú Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÊóÓõæÓõåõãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ ßõáøóãóÇ åóáóßó äóÈöíøñ ÎóáóÝóåõ äóÈöíøñ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ äóÈöíøó ÈóÚúÏöí¡ æóÓóíóßõæäõ ÎõáóÝóÇÁõ æóíóßúËõÑõæäó " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÃúãõÑõäóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÝõæÇ (2) ÈóíúÚóÉó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáö» " (3) .
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøóåõ (4) . ãóäú Êóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö äóÞúÕñ ßóËöíñÑ Úóäú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí " ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáÏøõÑøöíøóÉö " Õ 59 ãöäú ãõÄóáøóÝóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó: " æóáóåõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó íõÓúÞöØõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó " æóåóÐöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ãõÝúÑóÏóÉñ áóãú ÊõäúÔóÑú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Ööãúäó ÅöÌóÇÈóÊöåö Úóäú ÓõÄóÇáò ÂÎóÑó Ýöí Õ 342 - 343 ãöäú ãõÌóáøóÏö 31 ãöäú ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö
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(3) ãóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ 1/117
(4) È ÝóÞóØú: Ãóäú(5/500)
ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÙóåóÑó Ðóáößó (1) . ÇáäøóÞúÕõ ÙõåõæÑðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãñ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúæõáóÇÉö ÅöÐóÇ Êóæóáøóì ãóáößñ ÈóÚúÏó ãóáößò¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇÖò ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÇÖò¡ Ãóæú ÔóíúÎñ ÈóÚúÏó ÔóíúÎò¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó äóÇÞöÕó ÇáúæóáóÇíóÉö äóÞúÕðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ ÙóåóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöíåö¡ æóÊóÛóíøóÑóÊö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÞóÏú äóÙøóãóåóÇ æóÃóáøóÝóåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ Êóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏó Ãóßúãóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÓöíóÇÓóÉð¡ Ýóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö äóÞúÕñ ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇÊóáó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÍóÊøóì ÚóÇÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó [Úóáóíúåö] (2) ¡ æóÃóÏúÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÔóÑóÚó Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÚóáøóãó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ãóÇ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÞóæøóÇåõãú áóãøóÇ ÖóÚõÝõæÇ¡ æóÔóÌøóÚóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÌóÈõäõæÇ¡ æóÓóÇÑó Ýöíåöãú ÓöíÑóÉð ÊõæÌöÈõ ÕóáóÇÍó Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ ÝóÃóÕúáóÍó Çááøóåõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉó Ýöí Úöáúãöåöãú¡ æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåöãú æóÏöíäöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÍóÝöÙó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÏöíäóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÍóÞøöÞõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Íõßúãó ÇáúßóáóÇáóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÑóÃúíåö ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö Úöáúãöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇáóÉö ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇáóÉö ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóåõæó ãóäú áóÇ æóáóÏó áóåõ æóáóÇ æóÇáöÏó¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÑøóÃúíó ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞó áöáúÍóÞøö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ áöÕóÇÍöÈöåö
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æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÞóíúÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò áöÚóáöíøò: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó ãóÓöíÑóßó åóÐóÇ: ÃóáöÚóåúÏò ÚóåöÏóåõ Åöáóíúßó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóãú ÑóÃúíñ ÑóÃóíúÊóåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóáú ÑóÃúíñ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÛóíúÑõåõ (1) . .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ãöäú ÓóÝúßö ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó¡ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì ÍõÓúäöåö.
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(1) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 4/2143 - 2144 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞöíäó æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãú¡ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóÇäö ÑóÞúãõ 9¡ 10) ¡ æóäóÕøõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÞõáúÊõ áöÚóãøóÇÑò ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú ÕóäöíÚóßõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÃóãúÑö Úóáöíøò¡ ÃóÑóÃúíðÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæåõ Ãóæú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÚóåöÏóåõ Åöáóíúßõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÚóåöÏó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íóÚúåóÏúåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÇÝøóÉð¡ æóáóßöäøó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ãõäóÇÝöÞðÇ¡ Ýöíåöãú ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÍóÊøóì íóáöÌó ÇáúÌóãóáõ Ýöí Óóãøö ÇáúÎöíóÇØö¡ ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ÊóßúÝöíßóåõãõ ÇáÏøõÈóíúáóÉõ æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ " áóãú ÃóÍúÝóÙú ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Ýöíåöãú. ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò 17/125: ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí " ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íõäúÓóÈõæäó Åöáóì ÕõÍúÈóÊöí¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: " Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí " æóÓóãøõ ÇáúÎóíøóÇØö ÈöÝúÊóÍö ÇáÓøöíäó æóÖóãøöåóÇ æóßóÓúÑöåóÇ¡ ÇáúÝóÊúÍõ ÃóÔúåóÑõ¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ËõÞúÈõ ÇáúÅöÈúÑóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøõÈóíúáóÉõ ÝóÈöÏóÇáò ãõåúãóáóÉò Ëõãøó ÈóÇÁò ãõæóÍøóÏóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÓøóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÓöÑóÇÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò. . " æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó åõäóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/300 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö)
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ÈóßúÑò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÛóÇíóÉö Ìóåúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖö æóßóÐöÈöåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú äóÞóáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöÓóÈúÚöíäó ÞóÖöíøóÉð¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÈóÇØöáñ (1) ¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóãõÊú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÌóÏøðÇ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäó áöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäöåö ÅöÎúæóÉñ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚõ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÞóæúáðÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõåõ ßõáøõ ÌóÏøò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãö (2) .¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö [ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúÈóÑúãóßöíøö¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ ÑöæóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó] (3) . ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó (4) .¡ æóåõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÎóØóÃñ Ýöí ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ (5) Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó æóÑøóËõæÇ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóåõãú Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÒóíúÏñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚõãóÑõ¡ Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ¡ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÝóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö: ÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÒóíúÏò ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãúÖóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ. æóáóãú íóÐúåóÈú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÒóíúÏðÇ ÞóÇÖöí ÚõãóÑó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÒöíÏò.
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æóÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ËóáóÇËñ æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóíøóäóåõäøó áóäóÇ: ÇáúÌóÏøõ¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇáóÉõ¡ æóÃóÈúæóÇÈñ ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÈóÇ " (1) . .
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì Óóãøóì ÇáúÌóÏøó ÃóÈðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÃóÈóæóíúßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 27] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ãöáøóÉó ÃóÈöíßõãú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÌøö: 78] ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: {íóÇÈóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó} ¡ {íóÇ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó} ¡ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÇáöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÈö ÃóÈðÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãó ÇáúÃóÈö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÑöÏö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÓúÞöØõ æóáóÏó ÇáúÃõãøö ßóÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóíõÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚóÕóÈóÇÊö¡ Óöæóì ÇáúÈóäöíäó ßóÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóíóÃúÎõÐõ ãóÚó ÇáúæóáóÏö ÇáÓøõÏõÓó ßóÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóíõÌúãóÚõ áóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóÇáÊøóÚúÕöíÈö ãóÚó ÇáúÈóäóÇÊö ßóÇáúÃóÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøóÊóíúäö ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ æóÒóæúÌóÉò (2) æóÃóÈóæóíúäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃõãøó ÊóÃúÎõÐõ ËõáõËó ÇáúÈóÇÞöí¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí áöáúÃóÈö (3) .¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÚóåóÇ (4) . ÌóÏøñ áóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáËøõáõËó ßõáøóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãøó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏøö¡
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 7/106 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ãóÇ ÎóÇãóÑó ÇáúÚóÞúáó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑóÇÈö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÎóØóÈó ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ãöäúÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú äóÒóáó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóåöíó ãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: " æóËóáóÇËñ æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íõÝóÇÑöÞúäóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúåóÏó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÚóåúÏðÇ: ÇáúÌóÏøõ æóÇáúßóáóÇáóÉõ æóÃóÈúæóÇÈñ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÈóÇ. . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö - Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2322 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí äõÒõæáö ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúÎóãúÑö) ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/444 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúÎóãúÑö)
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: Ãóæú ÒóæúÌóÉò
(3) ä¡ ã: áöáúÌóÏøö
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ãóÚóåõãóÇ(5/504)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÌóÏøóÉõ äóÙöíÑõ ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóÇáúÃõãøõ ÊóÃúÎõÐõ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóÈö ÇáËøõáõËó¡ æóÇáúÌóÏøóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõ ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÓøõÏõÓó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÞóæøóì Èöåö ÇáúÌóÏøõ ; æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÏúäóì ßóÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì.
æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì íõÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÌóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÏúäóì íõÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ; áöÃóäøó äöÓúÈóÉó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÏúäóì ßóäöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ; æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ áößóæúäöåöãú Èóäöí ÇáúÃóÈö (1) . íõÔóÇÑößõæäó ÇáúÌóÏøó¡ áóßóÇäó Èóäõæ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ßóÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èóäõæ ÇáúÈóäöíäó ãóÞóÇãó ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Èóäõæ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõæäó ÇáúÌóÏøó¡ ßóÇäó ÂÈóÇÄõåõãõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÚóßúÓõåõ ÇáúÈóäõæäó: áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóÏøõ íõÝúÑóÖõ áóåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÈóäöíäó¡ ÝõÑöÖó áóåõ ãóÚó Èóäöí ÇáúÈóäöíäó (2) . .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÑóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÒóíúÏò Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó íõÔóÇÑößõæäó ÇáúÌóÏøó¡ ÍóíúËõ ÔóÈøóåõæÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÕúáö ÔóÌóÑóÉò ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÑúÚñ¡ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÛõÕúäóÇäö¡ ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÛõÕúäóíúäö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÈöäóåúÑò ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ äóåúÑñ ÂÎóÑõ¡ æóãöäúåõ ÌóÏúæóáóÇäö¡ ÝóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ (3) . ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏúæóáö Åöáóì ÇáäøóåúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
ÝóãóÖúãõæäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏøö.
æóãóäú ÊóÏóÈøóÑó ÃõÕõæáó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÍõÌøóÉó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóÇ ÊõÚóÇÑöÖõåóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð áóßóÇäó Èóäõæ ÇáúÃóÎö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóãøõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó äöÓúÈóÉó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈö Åöáóì
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(1) ä¡ ã: áößóæúäöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈö
(2) Í: ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÈóäöíäó
(3) Ñ: ÝóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö(5/505)
ÇáúÌóÏøö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÈö¡ ßóäöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö Èóäöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÌóÏøö ÇáúÃóÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÏúäóì Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö.
æóåóÐöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøóÉñ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóÑúÌöíÍó ÇáúÌóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö áöáúÌóÏøö áóåõãú ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ãõÊóÚóÇÑöÖóÉñ ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóÉñ¡ áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ðóáößó ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖó¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì Úáã Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " ÝóÃóíøõ äöÓúÈóÉò áóåõ Èöãóäú ÞóÇáó (3) : Óóáõæäöí ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÝúÞöÏõæäöí¡ Óóáõæäöí Úóäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö (4) .¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÎúÊóÑöíøö: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÚóáóíúåö ãöÏúÑóÚóÉñ ßóÇäóÊú áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ãõÊóÞóáøöÏðÇ ÈöÓóíúÝö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: (* ãõÊóÚóãøöãðÇ (5) ÈöÚöãóÇãóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÝöí ÅöÕúÈóÚöåö (6) ÎóÇÊóãõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 134 (ã) 135 (ã) .
(3) ß: Åöáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáó.
(4) ß: ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Óóáõæäöí ÚóãøóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö
(5) ä¡ ã¡ È: ãõÚúÊóãøðÇ.
(6) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóÝöí íóÏöåö.(5/506)
Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - *) (1) ÝóÞóÚóÏó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö¡ æóßóÔóÝó (2) . Úóäú ÈóØúäöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Óóáõæäöí [ãöäú] (3) . ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÝúÞöÏõæäöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóæóÇäöÍö ãöäøöí Úöáúãñ Ìóãøñ¡ åóÐóÇ ÓóÝóØõ (4) . ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ åóÐóÇ áõÚóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÒóÞøóäöí (5) ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÒöÞøðÇ (6) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÍúíò Åöáóíøó (7) ¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö¡ áóæú ËõäöíóÊú (8) . áöí æöÓóÇÏóÉñ ÝóÌóáóÓúÊõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÃóÝúÊóíúÊõ Ãóåúáó (9) . ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÈöÊóæúÑóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÃóåúáó (10) . ÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö ÈöÅöäúÌöíáöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì íõäúØöÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáó ÝóÊóÞõæáõ (11) : ÕóÏóÞó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÝúÊóÇßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíøó¡ {æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÊúáõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò " Óóáõæäöí " ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÎóÇØöÈõ ÈöåóÐóÇ (12) . Ãóåúáó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö áöíõÚóáøöãóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáÏøöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇáöÈóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÌõåøóÇáðÇ áóãú íõÏúÑößõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöíäó (13) Íóæúáó ãöäúÈóÑöåö åõãú ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ È: ÝóßóÔóÝó
(3) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(4) ä¡ ã: ÖóÛóØõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) Í¡ È¡ ã: ÑóÒóÞóäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÝöí (ß) : ÒóÝøóäöí Èöåö.
(6) Í¡ È¡ ã: ÑöÒúÞðÇ.
(7) Í¡ È¡ ä¡ ã¡ í: ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÍúíò ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíøó.
(8) áóæú ËõäöíóÊú ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ (ß) ¡ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) (ä) ¡ (í) ÈõäöíóÊú æóÝöí (È) ÈõíøöÊóÊú
(9) ß: áöÃóåúáö
(10) ß: æóáöÃóåúáö
(11) ß: ÝóíóÞõæáõ¡ æóßõÊöÈó Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõØõæÑö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÖöÍóÉò ßóÃóäøóåóÇ: " Ãóíú ßõáøõ æóÑóÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö ".
(12) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÈöåóÇ
(13) Í¡ ã: ÇáøóÐöí(5/507)
ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáÏøöíäó¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÚúáóãó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÏúíóäóåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íõÎóÇØöÈõåõãú Ýóåõãú ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÚóæóÇãøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ãöäú ÔöÑóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - íóÐõãøõåõãú æóíóÏúÚõæ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ÈöãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáÔøóÇãö æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉó æóÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóæóÌóÏõæÇ ÃóÕúæóÈóåóÇ æóÃóÏóáøóåóÇ Úóáóì Úöáúãö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ ÃõãõæÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí æõÌöÏó äóÕøñ íõÎóÇáöÝõåóÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÃóÞóáøó ãöãøóÇ æõÌöÏó Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõæÌóÏõ äóÕøñ íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÕöáõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÈöåóÉó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏöåö. æóÚóÇãøóÉõ ãóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ßóÐöÈñ ÙóÇåöÑñ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ äöÓúÈóÉõ ãöËúáöåö Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ; ÝóÅöäøó [ÚóáöíøðÇ] (1) . ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÈöÏöíäö Çááøóåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöãõÓúáöãò Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö (* æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÍóÇßóãó ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõãú Ãóäú íóÍúßõãõæÇ [Èóíúäóåõãú] (2) . ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö *) (3) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ áóÇ íóÍúÒõäúßó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÓóÇÑöÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßõÝúÑö ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÃóÝúæóÇåöåöãú æóáóãú ÊõÄúãöäú ÞõáõæÈõåõãú æóãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åóÇÏõæÇ ÓóãøóÇÚõæäó áöáúßóÐöÈö ÓóãøóÇÚõæäó áöÞóæúãò ÂÎóÑöíäó áóãú íóÃúÊõæßó}
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøóåõ
(2) Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .(5/508)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 41] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÁõæßó ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú Ãóæú ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäúåõãú æóÅöäú ÊõÚúÑöÖú Úóäúåõãú Ýóáóäú íóÖõÑøõæßó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÅöäú ÍóßóãúÊó ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúãõÞúÓöØöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 42] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÆóåõãú ÚóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóßó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö áößõáøò ÌóÚúáöäóÇ ãöäúßõãú ÔöÑúÚóÉð æóãöäúåóÇÌðÇ æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ áóÌóÚóáóßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð æóáóßöäú áöíóÈúáõæóßõãú Ýöí ãóÇ ÂÊóÇßõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÈöÞõæÇ ÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãóÑúÌöÚßõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 48] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóÃóäö ÇÍúßõãú Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚú ÃóåúæóÇÁóåõãú æóÇÍúÐóÑúåõãú Ãóäú íóÝúÊöäõæßó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúßó ÝóÅöäú ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ÝóÇÚúáóãú ÃóäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóåõãú ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÐõäõæÈöåöãú æóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÝóÇÓöÞõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 49] (1) .
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó Èóíúäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó Èóíúäóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ æóÇÝóÞó ãóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãú (2) ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö Ãóæú áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞúåõ¡ ßóÇäó ãóäú äóÓóÈó ÚóáöíøðÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ (3) íóÍúßõãó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö Èóíúäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì¡ Ãóæú íõÝúÊöíåöãú ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóíóãúÏóÍõåõ ÈöÐóáößó: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö (4) ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÈöãóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ Èöåö ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÒöäúÏöíÞðÇ ãõáúÍöÏðÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÞóÏúÍó Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáÐøóãøó æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈó¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: áóÝóÇÓöÞõæäó ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíåöãú.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: Åöáóì Ãóäú.
(4) Ñ: ãöäú Ìóåúáö.(5/509)
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÝÖÇÆá Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáÊÚáíÞ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ (3) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ (4) ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóäúÙõÑó Åöáóì ÂÏóãó (5) Ýöí Úöáúãöåö¡ æóÅöáóì äõæÍò (6) Ýöí ÊóÞúæóÇåõ¡ æóÅöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó (7) Ýöí Íöáúãöåö (8) ¡ æóÅöáóì ãõæÓóì (9) Ýöí åóíúÈóÊöåö¡ æóÅöáóì ÚöíÓóì (10) Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ÝóáúíóäúÙõÑú Åöáóì [Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò] (11) ÝóÃóËúÈóÊó áóåõ (12) ãóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞó Ýöíåöãú» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóæøóáðÇ: Ãóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¿ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ íóÑúæöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÖóÚöíÝóÉð¡ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ËóÇäöíðÇ: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÐöÈñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 135 (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ; ß: æóÚóäö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö.
(4) Ãóäøóåõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) ß: ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(7) ß: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(8) ß: Ýöí ÎöáøóÊöåö.
(9) ß: ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(10) ß: ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(11) Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(12) ß: Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊó áóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(5/510)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöáóÇ ÑóíúÈò ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö (1) ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÍõÑøóÇÕðÇ Úóáóì ÌóãúÚö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö Úóáöíøò ßóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÕóÏó Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚó ÝóÖóÇÆöáó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÓóãøóÇåõ " ÇáúÎóÕóÇÆöÕó "¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ (2) ãóÇ åõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ Èóáú ãóæúÖõæÚñ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ.
(ÝóÕúáñ) (3)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏõ: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö (5) : áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåö: " Óóáõæäöí " ãöäú ÔöíËò (6) Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÃóÔúÈóÇåõåõãóÇ (7) ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÞóØóÚó
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó - ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö - Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö " 1/370 æóÞóÇáó: " åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó ãóÊúÑõæßñ "¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøö Ýöí " ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö " 1/355 - 356 " ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö " Õ 367 - 368 (æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö) ¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚöÑóÇÞò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøö Ýöí " ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö " 1/385
(2) È: æóãöäúåóÇ.
(3) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 135 (ã) .
(5) ß: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÊóÛúáöÈõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ËóÚúáóÈñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÓóíøóÇÑò ÇáäøóÍúæöíøõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÈöËóÚúáóÈò¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÎöáøößóÇäó ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãó ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó Ýöí ÇáäøóÍúæö æóÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÓóãöÚó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö æóÇáÒøóÈöíÑó Èúäó ÈóßøóÇÑò¡ æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÃóÎúÝóÔõ ÇáúÃóÕúÛóÑõ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 291 ÇäúÙõÑú æóÝóíóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö 1/84 - 87
(6) ãóäú ÔöÆúÊó: æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) æóÃóÔúÈóÇåõåõãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .(5/511)
ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ (1) : íóÇ ßõãóíúáõ Èúäó ÒöíóÇÏö¡ Åöäøó åóÇåõäóÇ áóÚöáúãðÇ (2) ÌóãøðÇ áóæú ÃóÕóÈúÊõ (3) áóåõ ÍóãóáóÉð ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáó Åöäú ÕóÍøó Úóäú ËóÚúáóÈò ÝóËóÚúáóÈñ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÍóÊøóì íõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö. æóáóíúÓó ËóÚúáóÈñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÕóÍöíÍóåõ ãöäú ÓóÞöíãöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ. ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ãóæú íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò Ãóæö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóäóÍúæõåõãú¡ Èóáú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú ËóÚúáóÈò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ËóÚúáóÈñ¿ ! æóåõæó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó (4) ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò.
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íóßõäú íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑó æóáóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ; áöíõÚóáøöãó ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áóåõãú Úöáúãõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó (5) åóÐóÇ áöÊóÞúÕöíÑöåöãú Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÓøõÄóÇáö.
æóÍóÏöíËõ ßõãóíúáö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò (6) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ßõãóíúáðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóãú
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(1) ß: ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÚöáúãðÇ.
(3) ß: áóæú æóÌóÏúÊõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÏúÑõæäó.
(5) ä: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó.
(6) ßõãóíúáõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö äóåöíßö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ ËöÞóÉñ¡ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÔóåöÏó ÕöÝøöíäó ãóÚó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ ÓóäóÉó 82 åÜ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò: ßóÇäó ËöÞóÉð Þóáöíáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö: áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 8/447 - 448¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 6/93(5/512)
íóÕúÍóÈúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑóì ÊóÞúÕöíÑðÇ ãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó Úóäú ßóæúäöåöãú ÍóãóáóÉð áöáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÚóÙöíãó ÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýóáóãú íóÓúÃóáú ÚóáöíøðÇ ÞóØøõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó: ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÒóíúÏó Èúäó ËóÇÈöÊò æóÛóíúÑóåõãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ ßóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú (1) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóáóÇ ÚõãóÑõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íóÎõÕøóÇäö ÚóáöíøðÇ ÈöÓõÄóÇáò.
æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÚöáúãó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäó (2) ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÏöíËðÇ äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäöí¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÛóíúÑõåõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó áöí ÕóÏøóÞúÊõåõ¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÈúÏò ãõÄúãöäò íõÐúäöÈõ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóíõÍúÓöäó ÇáØøõåõæÑó¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæãó ÝóíõÕóáøöí¡ Ëõãøó íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑó Çááøóåó ÅöáøóÇ (3) ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ» " (4) .
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(1) Í: æóáóÇ ßóÇäó.
(2) Í¡ È¡ Ñ: Úóäö.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ëõãøó íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑó ÅöáøóÇ.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/114 - 115 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö) ¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: ßõäúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏöíËðÇ äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäöí¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝúÊõåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó áöí ÕóÏøóÞúÊõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: " ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÈúÏò íõÐúäöÈõ ÐóäúÈðÇ ÝóíõÍúÓöäó ÇáØøóåõæÑó¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæãõ ÝóíõÕóáøöíó ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑó Çááøóåó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ "¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ ÝóÇÍöÔóÉð Ãóæú ÙóáóãõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú ÐóßóÑõæÇ Çááøóåó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/252 - 253 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: " ÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. . " 4/296 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó "¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/446 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 1/154¡ 174¡ 178 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑ åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö.(5/513)
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÃÈí ÈßÑ Ãäå Ãóåúãóáó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊóÕøó ãöäú ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÃóåúãóáó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊóÕøó ãöäú ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÏøóåõ ÍóíúËõ (3) ÞóÊóáó ãóÇáößó Èúäó äõæóíúÑóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÓúáöãðÇ (4) ¡ æóÊóÒóæøóÌó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ [Ýöí] (5) áóíúáóÉó ÞóÊóáóåõ æóÖóÇÌóÚóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö (6) ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö Ýóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú " (7) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÃóæøóáðÇ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÊóÑúßõ ÞóÊúáö ÞóÇÊöáö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ãöãøóÇ íõäúßóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÍõÌøóÉö ÔöíÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ãóáúÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ãöËúáö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞõÊöáó ãóÙúáõæãðÇ ÔóåöíÏðÇ ÈöáóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáò ãõÓóæøöÛò áöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÞóÊóáóÊóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚóÊú Èöåö ÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóäú ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö Úóáöíøò ;
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 135 (ã) .
(3) ß: Íöíäó.
(4) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ¡ " æóßóÇäó ãõÓúáöãðÇ " ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(5) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ß) : ãöäú.
(6) ß: Åöáóíúåö.
(7) Í¡ È: Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ¡ Ñ¡ í¡ í: Ýóáóãú íóÞúÈóáú¡ ß: Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú.(5/514)
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ áóåõ ÚõÐúÑñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÞóÊúáö ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóÚõÐúÑõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÞóÊúáö ÞóÇÊöáö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó ÃóÞúæóì¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÚõÐúÑñ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÚóáöíøñ Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõ ÚõÐúÑñ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÞóÊúáö ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö¡ æóÊóÑúßö ÅöäúßóÇÑö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ; ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóÊóäóÇÞõÖöåöãú.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöäúßóÇÑõåõãú Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóæúäóåõ áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö¡ åõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö (1) .
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÐõæÑðÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÞóÊúáö ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ; áöÃóäøó ÔõÑõæØó ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö áóãú ÊõæÌóÏú: ÅöãøóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäö ÇáúÞóÊóáóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÚóÌúÒöåö Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúãö áößóæúäöåöãú Ðóæöí ÔóæúßóÉò¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
Þöíáó: ÝóÔõÑõæØõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö áóãú ÊõæÌóÏú Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÞóÇÊöáö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÞóÊúáö ÞóÇÊöáö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö ; áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ÊõÏúÑóÃõ ÈöÇáÔøõÈóåóÇÊö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö " Õ 106 - 108 (Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö 1371) ÈöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöí ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " æóÃóãøóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõåõ Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÈöÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ÝóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÑõæäó¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäó ÓóÚóì Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÍóãóáó ÇáúÎöäúÌóÑó æóÙóåóÑó ÊóÍúÊó ËöíóÇÈöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÊúáõ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö áóåõ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ áóãú íóáö ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóì Úóáóì ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÍóÞøðÇ áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö æóÝöÚúáöåö. . "¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö æóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÞóãóÇÐóÈóÇäö Èúäö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ãóßøóäóåõ ãöäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " íóÇ Èõäóíøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÇÊöáõ ÃóÈöíßó¡ æóÃóäúÊó Ãóæúáóì Èöåö ãöäøóÇ¡ ÝóÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÇÞúÊõáúåõ "¡ æóßóíúÝó ÚóÝóÇ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÞóãóÇÐóÈóÇäõ. . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ " ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãó ãóäö ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö " Õ 146(5/515)
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÞóÊúáö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö (1) ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó.
Þöíáó: æóØóáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈöÞóÊúáö ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÇáúÞóæóÏö¡ ÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåöãú ÍõÌøóÉð ÓóáøóãõæÇ áóåóÇ (2) : ÅöãøóÇ áöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÓõæÛõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ.
æóÚóáöíøñ áóãøóÇ áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÞóæóÏö¡ ÌóÑóì Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÈö ãóÇ ÞóÏú Úõáöãó¡ æóÞóÊúáõ ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóåúæóäõ ãöãøóÇ ÌóÑóì ÈöÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó (3) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏñ ÓóÇÆöÛñ¡ ÝóÝöí Ðóáößó Ãóæúáóì.
æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÚõËúãóÇäõ ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍó ÇáÏøóãö.
Þöíáó áóåõãú: ÝóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÅöÈóÇÍóÉó Ïóãö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Ïóãö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Èóáú ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ äõæóíúÑóÉó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáÏøóãö (4) ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ í: ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúåõÑúãõÒóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ (æóÝöí åóÇãöÔö í ÕõÍøöÍóÊú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: áóÚóáøóåõ: ÈöÞóÊúáö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÓóáøóãõæåóÇ.
(3) ä: æóÈöÕöÝøöíäó.
(4) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí " ÇáúÈöÏóÇíóÉö æóÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö " 6/321 - 322 Úóäú ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó ÇáúíóÑúÈõæÚöíøö ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö (ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 6/145) : " ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÕóÇäóÚó ÓóÌóÇÍó Íöíäó ÞóÏöãóÊú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÊøóÕóáóÊú ÈöãõÓóíúáöãóÉó - áóÚóäóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ - Ëõãøó ÊóÑóÍøóáóÊú Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó äóÏöãõ ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ äõæóíúÑóÉó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóÊóáóæøóãó Ýöí ÔóÃúäöåö¡ æóåõæó äóÇÒöáñ ÈöãóßóÇäò íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÇáúÈöØóÇÍõ¡ ÝóÞóÕóÏóåóÇ ÎóÇáöÏñ ÈöÌõäõæÏöåö. . ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÕóáó ÇáúÈöØóÇÍó æóÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ äõæóíúÑóÉó ÝóÈóËøó ÎóÇáöÏñ ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöØóÇÍö íóÏúÚõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáóåõ ÃõãóÑóÇÁõ Èóäöí Êóãöíãò ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÈóÐóáõæÇ ÇáÒøößóæóÇÊö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÊóÍóíøöÑñ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö¡ ãõÊóäóÍøò Úóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÇáÓøóÑóÇíóÇ ÝóÃóÓóÑõæåõ æóÃóÓóÑõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊö ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉõ Ýöíåöãú¡ ÝóÔóåöÏó ÃóÈõæ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó - ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÑóÈúÚöíøò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ -¡ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íõÄóÐøöäõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóáóÇ ÕóáøõæÇ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì ÈóÇÊõæÇ Ýöí ßõÈõæáöåöãú Ýöí áóíúáóÉò ÔóÏöíÏóÉö ÇáúÈóÑúÏö¡ ÝóäóÇÏóì ãõäóÇÏöí ÎóÇáöÏò: Ãóäú ÃóÏúÝöÆõæÇ ÃóÓúÑóÇßõãú¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáúÞóæúãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÞóÊúáó¡ ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõãú¡ æóÞóÊóáó ÖöÑóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÒúæóÑö ãóÇáößó Èúäó äõæóíúÑóÉó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóì ÎóÇáöÏñ ãóÇáößó Èúäó äõæóíúÑóÉó ÝóÃóäøóÈóåõ ãóÇ ÕóÏóÑó ãöäúåõ ãöäú ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÌóÇÍó æóÚóáóì ãóäúÚöåö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: Ãóáóãú ÊóÚúáóãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÑöíäóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: Åöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú ßóÇäó íóÒúÚõãõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõäóÇ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÕóÇÍöÈößó¿ íóÇ ÖöÑóÇÑõ ÇÖúÑöÈú ÚõäõÞóåõ¡ ÝóÖõÑöÈóÊú ÚõäõÞõåõ. .¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì Õ 323 æóÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãóÊú ÓóÌóÇÍõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÞúÊóáö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 3/112(5/516)
æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóäõÕõæÕö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáÏøóãö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍó ÇáÏøóãö¡ áóãú íõãúßöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáÏøóãö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚöÕúãóÉó Ïóãö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ÚöÕúãóÉö Ïóãö Úóáöíøò æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäú (1) ãõæÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÊúáö ãöäú Úóáöíøò æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÔõÈúåóÉõ ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäú ÔõÈúåóÉö ÞóÊóáóÉö Úóáöíøò æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú íóÞúÊõáú ãõÓúáöãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö [æóáóãú íóØúáõÈú ÞöÊóÇáó ÃóÍóÏò Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö] (2) ÃóÕúáðÇ (3) ; ÝóÅöäú æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÞóÊóáó ÎóáúÞðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö [Åöäøóåõ] (4) ãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáÏøóãö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÃóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÚõËúãóÇäõ ãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáÏøóãö¡ [æóÅöäøóåõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö (5) ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ãöäú.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÃóÕúáðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) .
(4) Åöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) ¡ (È) .
(5) Í¡ È: æóÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ.(5/517)
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãó ÇáÏøóãö] (1) ¡ æóÅöäøó ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáò¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÈöíÍõ ÞóÊúáó ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «íóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ¡ ÃóÞóÊóáúÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¿ íóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ¡ ÃóÞóÊóáúÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¿ [íóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ¡ (2) . ÃóÞóÊóáúÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¿] » (3) ÝóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÊúáóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõæÌöÈú Úóáóíúåö ÞóæóÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÏöíóÉð æóáóÇ ßóÝøóÇÑóÉð.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ «Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó: Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ áöãóäú ÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãó áóÓúÊó ãõÄúãöäðÇ} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 94] äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÔóÃúäö ãöÑúÏóÇÓò¡ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÛóØóÝóÇäó¡ ÈóÚóËó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÌóíúÔðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö¡ Úóáóíúåöãú ÛóÇáöÈñ ÇááøóíúËöíøõ¡ ÝóÝóÑøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ æóáóãú íóÝöÑøó. ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ãõÄúãöäñ¡ ÝóÕóÈøóÍóÊúåõ ÇáúÎóíúáõ¡ ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ Ûóäóãóåõ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÑóÏøö ÃóãúæóÇáöåö Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåö æóÈöÏöíóÊöåö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóäóåóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóäú ãöËúáö Ðóáößó» (4) .
æóßóÐóáößó ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÞóÏú ÞóÊóáó Èóäöí ÌóÐöíãóÉó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ¡ æóÑóÝóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÏóíúåö æóÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åöáóíúßó ãöãøóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÎóÇáöÏñ» " (5) ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ ãóÚó ÞóÊúáöåö (6) ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ íóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (í)
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) æóÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/560 "
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) 9/76 - 78
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/487
(6) Í: ãóÚó ÞóÊúáö.(5/518)
ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú Èóäöí ÌóÐöíãóÉó áöáÊøóÃúæöíáö (1) ¡ ÝóáöÃóäú áóÇ íóÞúÊõáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áöÞóÊúáöåö ãóÇáößó Èúäó äõæóíúÑóÉó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÎóÇáöÏò ÈöÈóäöí ÌóÐöíãóÉó¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóãú íóÌúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí Ãóäú áóÇ íóÞúÊõáóåõ¿ ! áóßöäú ãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áöåóæóÇåõ ÃóÚúãóÇåõ Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúåõÏóì.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó ÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöÞóÊúáöåö.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÛóÇíóÉõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÊóáó ÎóÇáöÏðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÞóÊúáóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÃóÚúáóãó ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: áóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö (2) ¡ æóáóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÊóÑúßõ ÑóÃúíöåö áöÑóÃúíö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú ÈöÏóáöíáò ÔóÑúÚöíøò Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó åõæó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÚóíúÈðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÞóáøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚöáúãðÇ æóÏöíäðÇ¿
æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÌóÑóì Úóáóì æóÌúåò íõæÌöÈõ ÞóÊúáó ÎóÇáöÏò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ÊóÒóæøõÌöåö ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö áóíúáóÉó ÞóÊúáöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ËõÈõæÊõåõ¡ æóáóæú ËóÈóÊó áóßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ÊóÃúæöíáñ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáÑøóÌúãó¡ æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö: åóáú ÊóÌöÈõ áöáúßóÇÝöÑö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóßóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ: åóáú íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÐøöãøöíøóÉö ÚöÏøóÉõ æóÝóÇÉò¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ãóÔúåõæÑóíúäö áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (3) ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÚöÏøóÉö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö ; ÝóÅöäøó Êöáúßó ÓóÈóÈõåóÇ (4) ÇáúæóØúÁõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÑøóÍöãö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚöÏøóÉõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö ÝóÊóÌöÈõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
(2) È: ÇáÓøõäøöíøóÉö.
(3) Í Ñ¡ í: Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
(4) Í¡ È: ÈöÓóÈóÈö.(5/519)
ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÚóÞúÏö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÈöåóÇ Ýóåóáú ÊóÚúÊóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö Ãóãú áóÇ¿ Ýöíåö äöÒóÇÚñ. æóßóÐóáößó Åöäú ßóÇäó ÏóÎóáó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÇÖóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÍóíúÖóÉð.
åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÃóÕúáöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõÊöáó¡ Ãóæú ãóÇÊó Úóáóì ÑöÏøóÊöåö¡ ÝóÝöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏò áóíúÓó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöÏøóÉõ æóÝóÇÉò¡ Èóáú ÚöÏøóÉõ ÝõÑúÞóÉò ÈóÇÆöäóÉò ; áöÃóäøó ÇáäøößóÇÍó ÈóØóáó ÈöÑöÏøóÉö ÇáÒøóæúÌö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ØóáóÇÞðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóåöíó ØóáóÇÞñ ÚöäúÏó ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌöÈõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöÏøóÉó æóÝóÇÉò¡ Èóáú ÚöÏøóÉó ÝõÑúÞóÉò ÈóÇÆöäóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóãú íóÏúÎõáú ÈöåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÚöÏøóÉó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöÏøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáØøóáóÇÞö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ÞóÊóáó ãóÇáößó Èúäó äõæóíúÑóÉó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó (1) áóãú íóÏúÎõáú ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÝóáóÇ ÚöÏøóÉó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó ÈöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇÓúÊöÈúÑóÇÁñ ÈöÍóíúÖóÉò áóÇ ÈöÚöÏøóÉò ßóÇãöáóÉò Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåöãú¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöËóáóÇËö ÍöíóÖò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÃóÕúáöíøðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÚöÏøóÉõ æóÝóÇÉò Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåöãú. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇÓúÊöÈúÑóÇÁð ÈöÍóíúÖóÉò ÝóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÍóÇÖóÊú. æóãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÍóíúÖóÉö ÇÓúÊöÈúÑóÇÁð¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÌóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊöÈúÑóÇÁð áöÏóáóÇáóÊöåö Úóáóì ÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÑøóÍöãö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóäóÍúäõ áóãú äóÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉó æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóì æóÌúåò áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ æóÇáØøóÚúäõ ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÍóÑøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ Ò¡ í: ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.(5/520)
(ÝóÕúáñ) (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÎóÇáóÝó ÃóãúÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (3) Ýöí ÊóæúÑöíËö ÈöäúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóãóäóÚóåóÇ ÝóÏóßðÇ (4) ¡ æóÊóÓóãøóì ÈöÎóáöíÝóÉö (5) ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝóåõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãöíÑóÇËõ ÝóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ãóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ÈóÇØöáñ ÞóØúÚðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ãöäú ÝóÏóßò¡ æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóÊóÚóáøóÞóÇ ãöäú ÝóÏóßò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÞóÇÑö ÈöÔóíúÁò æóáóÇ ÃóÚúØóíóÇ ÃóåúáóåõãóÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÚúØóíóÇ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÃóÖúÚóÇÝó ÃóÖúÚóÇÝö Ðóáößó.
Ëõãøó áóæö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ãõÍúÊóÌøñ ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúãóÇáó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎóÐó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇáö ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö æóÐóåóÈó áóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãóÇãñ ÚóÇÏöáñ ÞóÇÕöÏñ áöáúÍóÞøö¡ áóÇ íõÊøóåóãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ åõæó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 136 (ã) .
(3) ß: ÃóãúÑó Çááøóåö.
(4) Í¡ È: ÝóÏóßó.
(5) ß: æóíõÓóãøóì ÎóáöíÝóÉõ.(5/521)
ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãóÍóÈøóÉð áöÝóÇØöãóÉó æóãõÑóÇÚóÇÉð áóåóÇ ãöäú Úóáöíøò áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈöÚóáöíøò ÃóÔúÈóåõ ãöäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÝóÖúáó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóáóíúÓó ÊóÈúÑöÆóÉõ (1) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áöÝóÇØöãóÉó ãöäó ÇáÙøóäøö æóÇáúåóæóì ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóÈúÑöÆóÉö (2) ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÅöãóÇãñ áóÇ íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Èóáú áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúãóÇáõ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐúåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Èóáú áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÊóØúáõÈõ áöäóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ æóÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö äóÚúáóãõ (3) Ãóäøó ÈõÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö Çáúåóæóì ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÈõÚúÏö ÇáúÎóÕúãö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö áöäóÝúÓöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó Úöáúãó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÈöãöËúáö (4) åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö áößóËúÑóÉö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÊöåöãú áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Úöáúãö ÝóÇØöãóÉó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóæúáóì ÈöÚöáúãö ãöËúáö (5) Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ Ýóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÃóÚúáóãó (6) ãöäúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÃóÚúÏóáó¡ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ ÛóÑóÖó áóåõãú åõãú (7) ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó áóÇ íõæóÑøöËõæäó ãóÇáðÇ¡ æóßõáøõåõãú íõÍöÈøõ ÝóÇØöãóÉó æóíõÚóÙøöãõ ÞóÏúÑóåóÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõÊúÑóßõ ãóÇ Úóáöãõæåõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÞóæúáö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑúåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ Ïöíäóåõãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: áóÇ Úóäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóáóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöØóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ã: ÊóäúÒöíåõ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ã: ÊóäúÒöíåö.
(3) Í¡ È: ÊóÚúáóãõ.
(4) Í¡ È: áöãöËúáö.
(5) ãöËúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(6) Í¡ È: ÃóÚúÙóãó.
(7) åõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) Ýóåõãú.(5/522)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «áóÇ (1) ÃóÝúáóÍó Þóæúãñ æóáøóæúÇ ÃóãúÑóåõãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð» " (2) ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÓõæÛõ áöáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóäú ÊóÚúÏöáó ÚóãøóÇ ÚóáöãóÊúåõ ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöãóÇ íõÍúßóì Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ØóáóÈóÊö ÇáúãöíÑóÇËó¡ ÊóÙõäøõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÑöËõ (3) .
(ÝóÕúáñ)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ ÈöÎóáöíÝóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Óóãøóæúåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó
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(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóäóÕøõåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/8 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈóÇÈõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì ßöÓúÑóì æóÞóíúÕóÑó) ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: áóÞóÏú äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ÈößóáöãóÉò ÓóãöÚúÊõåóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóíøóÇãó ÇáúÌóãóáö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ßöÏúÊõ ÃóáúÍóÞõ ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãóáö ÝóÃõÞóÇÊöáó ãóÚóåõãú¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÝóÇÑöÓó ÞóÏú ãóáøóßõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöäúÊó ßöÓúÑóì ÞóÇáó: " áóäú íõÝúáöÍó Þóæúãñ æóáøóæúÇ ÃóãúÑóåõãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð "¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/55 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÇáúåóíúËóãö. .) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/360 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÊóäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ 60 ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúßóäóÏöíøõ) Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/200 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö (Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö) ¡ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö (Êóãúáößõåõãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ¡ ÃóÓúäóÏõæÇ. .) . ÇäúÙõÑú 5/38¡ 43¡ 47¡ 50¡ 51
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÅöÍúÓóÇä Åöáóåöí ÙóåíöÑ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö "¡ Ãóäøó ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÅöÍúÓóÇäõ (Õ 84 - 85 Ø. ÈóÇßöÓúÊóÇäõ 1403 1983) Èóáú æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáÔøöíÚöíøóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóÖöíóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãöíËóãö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö: " Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: Åöäøó áóßö ãóÇ áöÃóÈöíßö¡ ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÂáöåö íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäú ÝóÏóßò ÞõæÊóßõãú¡ æóíóÞúÓöãõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíó æóíóÍúãöáõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÐóáößó Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú ÃóÕúäóÚó ÈöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÕúäóÚõ¡ ÝóÑóÖöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó æóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáúÚóåúÏó Úóáóíúåö Èöåö " (ÔóÑúÍö äóåúÌö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö áöÇÈúäö ãóíúËóãò ÇáúÈóÍúÑóÇäöíøö Ì [0 - 9] Õ 107 Ø. ØóåúÑóÇäó) ¡ æóãöËúáõ Ðóáößó ÐóßóÑó ÇáÏøõäúÈõáöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö " ÇáÏøõÑøóÉó ÇáäøóÌóÝöíøóÉó " Õ 331¡ 332 (Ø. ÅöíÑóÇäó) ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö " ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö " Õ 84 - 92(5/523)
ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÝó ÛóíúÑóåõ - æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑõ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ - áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö Åöáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö.
[æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ßõáøó ãóäú ÎóáóÝó ÛóíúÑóåõ: ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ] (1) Ãóæú áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÎóáóÇÆöÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú áöäóäúÙõÑó ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 14] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö [ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎóáóÇÆöÝó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 165] ¡ æóÞóÇáó:] (2) {æóáóæú äóÔóÇÁõ áóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóÎúáõÝõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 60] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Þóæúãö äõæÍò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 69] ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÚóÇÏò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 74] {æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöÃóÎöíåö åóÇÑõæäó ÇÎúáõÝúäöí Ýöí Þóæúãöí} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 142] ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó ÎöáúÝóÉð áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÐøóßøóÑó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 62] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 6] Ãóíú: åóÐóÇ íóÎúáõÝõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÎúáõÝõ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóåõãóÇ íóÊóÚóÇÞóÈóÇäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: {ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøõßõãú Ãóäú íõåúáößó ÚóÏõæøóßõãú æóíóÓúÊóÎúáöÝóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóíóäúÙõÑó ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúãóáõæäó}
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(5/524)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 129] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãöäúßõãú æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö áóíóÓúÊóÎúáöÝóäøóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 55] ¡ æóÞóÇáó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {íóÇÏóÇæõÏõ ÅöäøóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇßó ÎóáöíÝóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Õ: 26] .
ÝóÛóÇáöÈõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö áöíóßõæäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÎóáöíÝóÉð Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ.
æóÓõãøöíó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ ÎóáöíÝóÉð ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúáõÝõ ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóÚóáóåõ íóÎúáõÝõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó íóÎúáõÝõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó¡ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó íóÎúáõÝõ Çááøóíúáó¡ áóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáöíÝóÉñ Úóäö Çááøóåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ùóäøóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íõÓóãøõæäó æõáóÇÉó ÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí» " (1) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " Åöäú ÃóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÃóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ÝóÅöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝú ".
æóßóÇäó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÎõáóÝóÇÁõ Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó æóÈóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ. ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúãó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöíãóäú ÎóáóÝó ÛóíúÑóåõ.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/164(5/525)
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö -[Åöäú ÕóÍøó]- (1) : " «æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ» " Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: " «ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÎõáóÝóÇÆöí ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóäú ÎõáóÝóÇÄõßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÍúíõæäó ÓõäøóÊöí¡ æóíõÚóáøöãõæäóåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó» " (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ Åöäú ÕóÍøó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýóåõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú Þóæúáöåö Ýóåõæó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóÇÏóÊöåöãõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ áóÝúÙö " ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉö " Ýöíãóäú ÎóáóÝó ÛóíúÑóåõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝúåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó ãóÞóÇãóåõ æóÓóÏøó ãóÓóÏøóåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýóåõæó ÎóáöíÝóÉñ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
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(1) Åöäú ÕóÍøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí " ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö " 1/535 æóÃóæøóáõåõ: " ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÎõáóÝóÇÆöí æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: " ÃóÈõæ ÇáäøóÕúÑö ÇáÓøöÌúÒöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈóÇäóÉö ßöÑú " ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö " Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò.(5/526)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
[ßáÇã ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÚäÏ ÇáÇÍÊÖÇÑ]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) :
" æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ (3) Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (4) " ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö " Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó (5) áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÖóÑó ÞóÇáó (6) : íóÇ áóíúÊóäöí ßõäúÊõ ßóÈúÔðÇ áöÞóæúãöí ÝóÓóãøóäõæäöí (7) ãóÇ ÈóÏóÇ áóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁóåõãú ÃóÍóÈøõ Þóæúãöåöãú Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÐóÈóÍõæäöí¡ ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ (8) äöÕúÝöí ÔöæóÇÁð æóäöÕúÝöí ÞóÏöíÏðÇ¡ ÝóÃóßóáõæäöí¡ ÝóÃóßõæäõ ÚõÐúÑóÉð æóáóÇ Ãóßõæäõ ÈóÔóÑðÇ¡ æóåóáú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÓóÇæò áöÞóæúáö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö (9) : {íóÇáóíúÊóäöí ßõäúÊõ ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ} ) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÈóÃö: 40] ".
ÞóÇáó (10) .: " æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÚöäúÏó ÇÍúÊöÖóÇÑöåö: áóæú Ãóäøó áöí ãöáúÁó
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 136 (ã) .
(3) Í: ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ.
(4) Í¡ È: Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö.
(5) ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(6) ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(7) ä: ÝóíõÓóãøöäõæäöí¡ ã: ÝóíõÓóãøõæäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) Í¡ È: æóÌóÚóáõæÇ.
(9) ß: áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ.
(10) Ãóíö: ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð(6/5)
ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÐóåóÈðÇ æóãöËúáóåõ ãóÚóåõ áóÇÝúÊóÏóíúÊõ Èöåö äóÝúÓöí ãöäú åóæúáö ÇáúãóØúáóÚö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöËúáõ Þóæúáöåö (1) : {æóáóæú Ãóäøó áöáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ æóãöËúáóåõ ãóÚóåõ áóÇÝúÊóÏóæúÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÓõæÁö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 47] . ÝóáúíóäúÙõÑö ÇáúãõäúÕöÝõ ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ Þóæúáó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö ÚöäúÏó ÇÍúÊöÖóÇÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáó Úóáöíøò (2) : ãóÊóì ÃóáúÞóì ÇáúÃóÍöÈøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ æóÍöÒúÈóåõ (3)
ãóÊøóì ÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ãóÊóì íõÈúÚóËõ (4) ÃóÔúÞóÇåóÇ
æóÞóæúáóåõ Íöíäó ÞóÊóáóåõ [ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌóãò] : ÝõÒúÊõ (5) æóÑóÈøö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáö ÞóÇÆöáöåöº æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÏú äõÞöáó ãöËúáõåõ Úóãøóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÚõËúãóÇäó [æóÚóáöíøò] (6) ¡ Èóáú äõÞöáó ãöËúáõåõ Úóãøóäú íõßóÝøöÑõ Úóáöíøó [Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò] (7) ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÈöáóÇáò ÚóÊöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÖóÇÑö¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÊóÞõæáõ: æóÇÍóÑúÈóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: æóÇØóÑóÈóÇåõ ÛóÏðÇ ÃóáúÞóì ÇáúÃóÍöÈøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ æóÍöÒúÈóåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇ áóãøóÇ ÚóÇÑóÖõæåõ Ýöí ÞöÓúãóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÞóÇáó: " Çááøóåõãøó ÇßúÝöäöí ÈöáóÇáðÇ æóÐóæöíåö " ÝóãóÇ ÍóÇáó ÇáúÍóæúáõ æóÝöíåöãú Úóíúäñ ÊóØúÑõÝõ (8) .
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(1) ß: Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
(2) ß: Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(3) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊõ Ýöí (ß) åõæó ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö æóíóÓúÈöÞõåõ ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí.
(4) Ñ¡ í: íóäúÈóÚöËõ¡ ß: íõÈúÊóÚóËõ.
(5) ß: æóÞóæúáóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Íöíäó ÞõÊöáó: ÝõÒúÊõ¡ Í¡ È: æóÞóæúáóåõ Íöíäó ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌóãò: ÝõÒúÊõ. ä¡ ã: æóÞóæúáóåõ Íöíäó ÞóÊóáóåõ: ÝõÒúÊõ.
(6) æóÚóáöíøò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) ä¡ ã: íõßóÝøöÑõ ÚóáöíøðÇ.
(8) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö Õ 81 ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏ Îóáöíá åóÑøóÇÓ¡ Ø. ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊõ ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøóÉõ 1389 1969 ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúãóÇÌöÔõæäõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÈöáóÇáñ áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑóì ÇáøóÊöí ÇÝúÊóÊóÍóåóÇ ÚóäúæóÉð: ÇÞúÓöãúåóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ¡ æóÎõÐú ÎõãõÓóåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: áóÇ åóÐóÇ Úóíúäõ ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóáóßöäøöí ÃóÍúÈöÓõåõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÌúÑöí Úóáóíúåöãú æóÚóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöáóÇáñ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ: ÇÞúÓöãúåóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Çááøóåõãøó ÇßúÝöäöí ÈöáóÇáðÇ æóÐóæöíåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇ ÍóÇáó ÇáúÍóæúáõ æóãöäúåõãú Úóíúäñ ÊóØúÑõÝõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: áóÇ ÊóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ÈöáóÇáò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ßóíúÝó æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÔóÃúäö ÈöáóÇáò: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ ÃóÚúÊóÞó ÓóíøöÏóäóÇ. íóÚúäöí ÈöáóÇáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäú íóßúÝöíóåõ Çááøóåõ ÎõÕõæãóÊóåõãú ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó ÊóÞúÓöíãö ÃóÑúÖö ÓóæóÇÏö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóãóæúÞöÝö ÈöáóÇáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí " ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó " áöÚóáöíøò æóäóÇÌöí ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö Õ 113 Ø. ÏöãóÔúÞó 1379 1959(6/6)
æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí " ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö " (1) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (2) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÇãöÑõ Èúäõ ÓóíøóÇÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäõ ÈóåúÑóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÔóåúÑö Èúäö ÍóæúÔóÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö Ûóäúãò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò (3) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ØõÚöäó ãõÚóÇÐñ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóÔõÑóÍúÈöíáõ Èúäõ ÍóÓóäóÉó æóÃóÈõæ ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Ýöí íóæúãò æóÇÍöÏò (4) . ÝóÞóÇáó ãõÚóÇÐñ: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÍúãóÉõ ÑóÈøößõãú¡ æóÏóÚúæóÉõ äóÈöíøößõãú (5) ¡ æóÞóÈúÖõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÂÊö Âáó ãõÚóÇÐò ÇáäøóÕöíÈó ÇáúÃóæúÝóÑó ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóãúÓóì ÍóÊøóì ØõÚöäó ÇÈúäõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÈößúÑõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íõßóäøóì Èöåö (6) ¡ æóÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÝóæóÌóÏóåõ (7) ãóßúÑõæÈðÇ (8) . ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ßóíúÝó
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(1) ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáÊøóÇáöíó Ýöí ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö 1/240
(2) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúíóÞúØöíäöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÞóØøóÇäõ
(3) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò.
(4) ä¡ ã: Ýöí íóæúãö ÃõÍõÏò.
(5) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÑóÈøößõãú ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó æóÏóÚúæóÉõ äóÈöíøößõãú Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(6) Í¡ È¡ í¡ Ñ: Èöåö íõßóäøóì.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÝóæóÌóÏõæåõ.
(8) È ÝóÞóØú: ãóÞúÑõæÈðÇ.(6/7)
ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó (1) : íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÑóÈøößó ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäóäøó (2) ãöäó ÇáúãõãúÊóÑöíäó. ÞóÇáó (3) : æóÃóäóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó (4) . ÝóÃóãúÓóßóåõ áóíúáóåõ (5) Ëõãøó ÏóÝóäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÏö¡ æóØõÚöäó ãõÚóÇÐñ (6) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Íöíäó ÇÔúÊóÏøó Èöåö ÇáäøóÒúÚõ¡ [äóÒúÚõ ÇáúãóæúÊö] (7) ¡ ÝóäóÒóÚó äóÒúÚðÇ áóãú íóäúÒöÚúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÞó ÝóÊóÍó ØóÑóÝóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó (8) : ÑóÈøö ÇÎúäõÞúäöí ÎóäúÞóßó (9) ¡ ÝóæóÚöÒøóÊößó Åöäøóßó áóÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÞóáúÈöí íõÍöÈøõßó ".
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: ÝõÒúÊõ æóÑóÈøö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáóåóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¡ ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÚóÇãöÑõ Èúäõ ÝõåóíúÑóÉó ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó íóæúãó ÈöÆúÑö ãóÚõæäóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÈóÚóËóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÚó ÓóÑöíøóÉò ÞöÈóáó äóÌúÏò¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÈöÇáÓøöíóÑö: ØóÚóäóåõ ÌóÈøóÇÑõ Èúäõ Óóáúãóì ÝóÃóäúÝóÐóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÇãöÑñ: ÝõÒúÊõ æóÇááøóåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÌóÈøóÇÑñ: ãóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: ÝõÒúÊõ æóÇááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó ÚõÑúæóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÏóÝóäóÊúåõ (10) .
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(1) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó.
(2) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÝóáóÇ Êóßõäú¡ ã: ÝóáóÇ Êóßõ.
(3) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÝóÞóÇáó ãõÚóÇÐñ.
(4) È: æóÃóäóÇ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó¡ ä¡ ã: æóÃóäóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: ÝóÃóãúÓóßó áóíúáóÉð¡ ä¡ ã: ÝóÃóãúÓóßõåõ áóíúáóÉð.
(6) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÝóØõÚöäó.
(7) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (äóÒúÚö ÇáúãóæúÊö) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (È) .
(8) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÃóÝóÇÞó ãöäú ÛóãúÑóÉò ÝóÊóÍó ØóÑóÝóåõ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó.
(9) ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö: ÇÎúäõÞúäöí ÎóäúÞóÊóßó¡ ä: ÇÍúÊöÝúäöí ÍóÊúÝóßó.
(10) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí: ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 3/196¡ ÅöãúÊóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö¡ Õ 172 ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/247 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö æóÅöÔóÇÑóÊóåõ Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.(6/8)
[æóÔóÈöíÈñ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøõ] (1) áóãøóÇ ØõÚöäó ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáØøóÚúäóÉö¡ æóÌóÚóáó íóÞõæáõ: æóÚóÌöáúÊõ Åöáóíúßó ÑóÈøö áöÊóÑúÖóì.
[æóÃóÚúÑöÝõ ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ áóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÌóÚóáó íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÈöíÈöí åóÇ ÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊõßó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÎóÑóÌóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ] (2) ] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÎóæúÝõ ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÝöí [ÕóÍöíÍö] ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (3) Úóäö ÇáúãöÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ØõÚöäó ÚõãóÑõ ÌóÚóáó íóÃúáóãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò (4) æóßóÃóäøóåõ íõÌóÒøöÚõåõ - Ãóíú íõÒöíáõ ÌóÒóÚóåõ (5) - íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÆöäú (6) ßóÇäó Ðóáößó áóÞóÏú ÕóÍöÈúÊó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÍúÓóäúÊó ÕõÍúÈóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÇÑóÞúÊóåõ æóåõæó Úóäúßó ÑóÇÖò¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÍöÈúÊó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÃóÍúÓóäúÊó ÕõÍúÈóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÇÑóÞúÊóåõ æóåõæó Úóäúßó ÑóÇÖò¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÍöÈúÊó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (7) ÝóÃóÍúÓóäúÊó ÕõÍúÈóÊóåõãú¡ æóáóÆöäú ÝóÇÑóÞúÊóåõãú áóÊõÝóÇÑöÞóäøóåõãú æóåõãú Úóäúßó ÑóÇÖõæäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊó ãöäú ÕõÍúÈóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÑöÖóÇåõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóÇßó (8) ãóäøñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóäøó Èöåö Úóáóíøó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊó ãöäú ÕõÍúÈóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÑöÖóÇåõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóÇßó (9) ãóäøñ ãöäó Çááøóåö (10) ãóäøó Èöåö Úóáóíøó. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÑóì
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÝóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöíåö 5/12 - 13 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Ãóíú íõÒöíáõ ÌóÒóÚóåõ¡ áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(6) Í¡ È: áóÆöäú.
(7) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Ëõãøó ÕóÍöÈúÊó ÕõÍúÈóÊóåõãú.
(8) Í¡ È: ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó.
(9) Í¡ È¡ ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó.
(10) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Çááøóåö Ìóáøó ÐößúÑõåõ.(6/9)
ãöäú ÌóÒóÚöí Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúáößö æóÃóÌúáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó¡ æóÇááøóåö áóæú Ãóäøó áöí ØöáóÇÚó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö [ÐóåóÈðÇ] (1) áóÇÝúÊóÏóíúÊõ Èöåö ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÃóÑóÇåõ ".
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (2) Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÊúáö ÚõãóÑó " íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÇäúÙõÑú ãóäú ÞóÊóáóäöí¡ ÝóÌóÇáó ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó (3) ÝóÞóÇáó: ÛõáóÇãõ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÕøóäóÚõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇÊóáóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ áóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑúÊõ Èöåö ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÌúÚóáö ÞóÊúáöí (4) ÈöíóÏö ÑóÌõáò íóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ ÞóÏú ßõäúÊó ÃóäúÊó æóÃóÈõæßó ÊõÍöÈøóÇäö Ãóäú ÊóßúËõÑó ÇáúÚõáõæÌõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÑóÞöíÞðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó ÝóÚóáúÊõº Ãóíú: Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó ÞóÊúáóäóÇ (5) . ÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÈúÊó¡ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ (6) ÈöáöÓóÇäößõãú¡ æóÕóáøóæúÇ ÞöÈúáóÊóßõãú¡ æóÍóÌøõæÇ ÍóÌøóßõãú¡ ÝóÇÍúÊõãöáó Åöáóì ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞúäóÇ ãóÚóåõ æóßóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóãú ÊõÕöÈúåõãú ãõÕöíÈóÉñ ÞóÈúáó íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ ÝóÞóÇÆöáñ íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó¡ æóÞóÇÆöáñ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃõÊöíó ÈöäóÈöíÐò ÝóÔóÑöÈóåõ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÌóæúÝöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÊöíó ÈöáóÈóäò ÝóÔóÑöÈóåõ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÌõÑúÍöåö (7) ¡ ÝóÚóáöãõæÇ (8) Ãóäøóåõ ãóíøöÊñ. ÝóÏóÎóáúäóÇ (9) Úóáóíúåö¡
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(1) ÐóåóÈðÇ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊøõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÝöí ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 7/52 ØöáóÇÚó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáØøóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÇáÊøóÎúÝöíÝöº Ãóíú: ãöáúÃóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáØøöáóÇÚö ãóÇ ØóáóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ åõäóÇ ãóÇ íóØúáõÚõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóíóÔúÑõÝõ ÝóæúÞóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö.
(2) 5/16 - 17 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö.
(3) Í¡ È: Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁóåõ¡
(4) Ñ¡ ã¡ í: ÞöÊúáóÊöí¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãöíÊóÊöí.
(5) Í¡ ã¡ È: ÞóÊóáúäóÇåõãú.
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ.
(7) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäú ÌóæúÝöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò (ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí 7/65) ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíÐö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÊóãóÑóÇÊñ äõÈöÐóÊú Ýöí ãóÇÁò¡ Ãóíú äõÞöÚóÊú Ýöíåö¡ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÕúäóÚõæäó Ðóáößó áöÇÓúÊöÚúÐóÇÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÚóÑóÝõæÇ.
(9) Í¡ È: æóÏóÎóáúäóÇ.(6/10)
[æóÌóÇÁó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõËúäõæäó Úóáóíúåö] (1) ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ÔóÇÈøñ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÈúÔöÑú íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÈõÔúÑóì Çááøóåö áóßó ãöäú ÕõÍúÈóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÏóãò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó¡ æóæóáöíÊó (2) ÝóÚóÏóáúÊó¡ Ëõãøó ÔóåóÇÏóÉò. ÞóÇáó: æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó (3) Ðóáößó ßóÝóÇÝðÇ (4) áóÇ Úóáóíøó æóáóÇ áöí. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÏúÈóÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÅöÒóÇÑõåõ íóãóÓøõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó. ÝóÞóÇáó (5) : ÑõÏøõæÇ Úóáóíøó ÇáúÛõáóÇãó¡ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÃóÎöí¡ ÇÑúÝóÚú ÅöÒóÇÑóßó (6) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÈúÞóì (7) áöËóæúÈößó æóÃóÊúÞóì áöÑóÈøößó¡ íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ Úóáóíøó (8) ãöäó ÇáÏøóíúäö. ÝóÍóÓóÈõæåõ ÝóæóÌóÏõæåõ (9) ÓöÊøóÉð æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäú æóÝøóì áóåõ ãóÇáõ Âáö ÚõãóÑó [ÝóÃóÏøö ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú] (10) æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÓóáú (11) Ýöí Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝö ÃóãúæóÇáõåõãú æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÓóáú (12) Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÏõåõãú Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóÏøö Úóäøöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáó¡ ÇäúØóáöÞú Åöáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãõãøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÞõáú: íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúßö ÚõãóÑõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: Ëõãøó æóáöíÊó.
(3) Ãóäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ßóÝóÇäö æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò ßóÝóÇÝðÇ.
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó.
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ËóæúÈóßó¡ ã: ÑöÏóÇÁóßó.
(7) È: ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÃóäúÞóì.
(8) ä¡ ã: ãóÇÐóÇ Úóáóíøó.
(9) Í¡ È: ÝóÍóÓóÈóåõ ÝóæóÌóÏóåõ.
(10) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÝóÃóÏøö ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÝóÃóÏøöåö ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú.
(11) Í¡ È: ÝóÇÓúÃóáú.
(12) Í¡ È: ÃóãúæóÇáõåõãú æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÓúÃóáú¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú ÝóÓóáú.(6/11)
ÇáÓøóáóÇãó - æóáóÇ ÊóÞõáú: ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí áóÓúÊõ Çáúíóæúãó áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóãöíÑðÇ - æóÞõáú: íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ãóäú íõÏúÝóäó ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö. (* ÝóÓóáøóãó æóÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÎóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóæóÌóÏóåóÇ ÞóÇÚöÏóÉð ÊóÈúßöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúßö ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÇáÓøóáóÇãó (1) æóíóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ Ãóäú íõÏúÝóäó ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö *) (2) . ÝóÞóÇáóÊú (3) : ßõäúÊõ ÃõÑöíÏõåõ áöäóÝúÓöí¡ æóáóÃõæËöÑóäøóåõ Çáúíóæúãó (4) Úóáóì äóÝúÓöí¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáó Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó. ÝóÞóÇáó (5) : ÇÑúÝóÚõæäöí. ÝóÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ áóÏóíúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÍöÈøõ íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÃóÐöäóÊú¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö¡ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÔóíúÁñ Ãóåóãøó ãöäú Ðóáößó (6) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÞóÖóíúÊõ (7) ÝóÇÍúãöáõæäöí¡ Ëõãøó Óóáøöãú æóÞõáú (8) : íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÐöäóÊú áöí ÝóÃóÏúÎöáõæäöí¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÏøóÊúäöí ÑõÏøõæäöí (9) Åöáóì ãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó " æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÝóÝöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇÊó æóåõæó Úóäúåõ ÑóÇÖò æóÑóÚöíøóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ ÑóÇÖõæäó (10) ãõÞöÑøõæäó ÈöÚóÏúáöåö Ýöíåöãú¡ æóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ßóÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íõÕóÇÈõæÇ ÈöãõÕöíÈóÉò ÞóÈúáó ãõÕöíÈóÊöåö¡ áöÚöÙóãöåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú.
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(1) Í¡ È: íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúßö ÚõãóÑõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãó¡ ä: íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚõãóÑõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÞóÇáóÊú.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóáóÃõæËöÑóäøó (ÝóÊúÍó ÇáúÈóÇÑöí æóáóÃõæËöÑóäøóåõ Èöåö Çáúíóæúãó) .
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞóÇáó.
(6) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Ãóåóãøó Åöáóíøó ãöäú Ðóáößó.
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ã¡ È: ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÞõÈöÖúÊõ.
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÝóÞõáú.
(9) Ñ¡ í¡ È: ÝóÑõÏøõæäöí.
(10) È: ÑöÖúæóÇäñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/12)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÎöíóÇÑõ ÃóÆöãøóÊößõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõÍöÈøõæäóåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóßõãú¡ æóÊõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú æóíõÕóáøõæäó Úóáóíúßõãú¡ æóÔöÑóÇÑõ ÃóÆöãøóÊößõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÈúÛöÖõæäóåõãú æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäóßõãú¡ æóÊóáúÚóäõæäóåõãú æóíóáúÚóäõæäóßõãú» ". (1)
æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áöÑöÖóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ßóÇÝöÑñ ÝóÇÑöÓöíøñ ãóÌõæÓöíøñ.
æóÎóÔúíóÊõåõ ãöäó Çááøóåö áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåöº ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - íóÞõæáõ: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÔóì Çááøóåó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÝóÇØöÑò: 28] .
æóÞóÏú «ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÕóáøöí æóáöÕóÏúÑöåö ÃóÒöíÒñ ßóÃóÒöíÒö ÇáúãöÑúÌóáö ãöäó ÇáúÈõßóÇÁö» (2) . «æóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÓõæÑóÉó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö {ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÌöÆúäóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÃõãøóÉò ÈöÔóåöíÏò æóÌöÆúäóÇ Èößó Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÔóåöíÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 41] ÞóÇáó: " ÍóÓúÈõßó " ÝóäóÙóÑúÊõ Åöáóì Úóíúäóíúåö æóåõãóÇ ÊóÐúÑöÝóÇäö» (3) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - {Þõáú ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÈöÏúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ Èöí æóáóÇ Èößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 9] .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/116.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ãõØóÑøöÝö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÔøöÎøöíÑö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 3/12 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøóåúæö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÈõßóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó íõÕóáøöí æóáöÌóæúÝöåö ÃóÒöíÒñ ßóÃóÒöíÒö ÇáúãöÑúÌóáö¡ íóÚúäöí íóÈúßöí¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/25 - 26 æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 6/196 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö áöáúÞóÇÑöÆö ÍóÓúÈõßó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 3551¡ 3606¡ 4118 ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 8/370.(6/13)
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó «áóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ãóÙúÚõæäò¡ ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí æóÇááøóåö æóÃóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ Èöí æóáóÇ Èößõãú» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (2) - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó¡ æóÃóÓúãóÚõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõæäó¡ ÃóØøóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ æóÍóÞøó áóåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÆöØøó¡ ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãóæúÖöÚõ ÃóÑúÈóÚö ÃóÕóÇÈöÚó ÅöáøóÇ æóãóáóßñ æóÇÖöÚñ ÌóÈúåóÊóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏðÇ áöáøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåö áóæú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ áóÖóÍößúÊõãú ÞóáöíáðÇ æóáóÈóßóíúÊõãú ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÊóáóÐøóÐúÊõãú ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÑõÔö¡ æóáóÎóÑóÌúÊõãú Åöáóì ÇáÕøõÚõÏóÇÊð ÊóÌúÃóÑõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÔóÌóÑóÉð ÊõÚúÖóÏõ " æóÞóæúáõåõ: " æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÔóÌóÑóÉð ÊõÚúÖóÏõ " Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò¡ áóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» - (3) .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÉö ÑóÈøöåöãú ãõÔúÝöÞõæäó - æóÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÈöÂíóÇÊö ÑóÈøöåöãú íõÄúãöäõæäó - æóÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÈöÑóÈøöåöãú áóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó:
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Ãõãøö ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö Ü ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ü ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/72 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö ÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö. 5/67 ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÞúÏóãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ 9/34 - 35 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÑõÄúíóÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö 9/38 ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö: Úóäú Ãõãøö ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö æóåöíó ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ãöäú äöÓóÇÆöåöãú ÈóÇíóÚóÊú ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáóÊú: ØóÇÑó áóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ãóÙúÚõæäò¡ ÝóÇÔúÊóßóì ÝóãóÑøóÖúäóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì ÊõæõÝøöíó¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúßó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ ÝóÔóåóÇÏóÊöí Úóáóíúßó: áóÞóÏú ÃóßúÑóãóßó Çááøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßö¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí æóÇááøóåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ åõæó ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáúíóÞöíäõ¡ Åöäøöí áóÃóÑúÌõæ áóåõ ÇáúÎóíúÑó ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí æóÃóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ Èöí æóáóÇ Èößõãú¡ ÞóÇáóÊú Ãõãøõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö: ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÒóßøöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 6/436¡ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò.
(2) åõäóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ æóÑóÞóÉñ äóÇÞöÕóÉñ ãöäú ãõÕóæøóÑóÉò (ã) æóÓóÃõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì Ãóæøóáö ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/629(6/14)
57 - 59] æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö «Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú (1) : " [ÞõáúÊõ] : (2) íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ åõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÒúäöí æóíóÓúÑöÞõ æóíóÎóÇÝõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóÇ íóÇ ÈöäúÊó (3) ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÕóáøöí (4) æóíóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ æóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÈóáó ãöäúåõ» " (5) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " æóåóáú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÓóÇæò áöÞóæúáö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö: {íóÇáóíúÊóäöí ßõäúÊõ ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÈóÃö: 40] .
ÝóåóÐóÇ Ìóåúáñ ãöäúåõº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Íöíäó áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÊóæúÈóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõ ÍóÓóäóÉñ (6) . æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÚóãóáö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÎóÔúíóÉö áöáøóåö¡ ÝóíõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÎóæúÝöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáóÊú ãóÑúíóãõ: {íóÇáóíúÊóäöí ãöÊøõ ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ æóßõäúÊõ äóÓúíðÇ ãóäúÓöíøðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ãóÑúíóãó: 23] . æóáóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ßóÊóãóäøöí ÇáúãóæúÊó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
æóáóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ åóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóäóÇÏóæúÇ íóÇãóÇáößõ áöíóÞúÖö ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÑóÈøõßó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 77] .
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóáóæú Ãóäøó áöáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ æóãöËúáóåõ ãóÚóåõ áóÇÝúÊóÏóæúÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÓõæÁö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóÈóÏóÇ áóåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈõæäó}
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(1) ä: Åöäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú.
(2) ÞõáúÊõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) Í¡ È: íóÇ ÇÈúäóÉó.
(4) ä: ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÕóáøöí.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/268
(6) ä: ÊóæúÈóÊõåõ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõ ÍóÓóäóÊõåõ.(6/15)
[ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 47] º ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ Úóäú ÍóÇáöåöãú (1) íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Íöíäó áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ ÊóæúÈóÉñ æóáóÇ ÎóÔúíóÉñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇÝó ÑóÈøóåõ ßóÇäó ÎóæúÝõåõ ãöãøóÇ íõËöíÈõåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóãóäú ÎóÇÝó [Çááøóåó] Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ (2) Ãóãøóäóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÎóæúÝó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ßóÎóæúÝö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Ýóåõæó ßóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö ßóÇáäøõæÑö¡ æóÇáÙøöáøó ßóÇáúÍóÑõæÑö¡ æóÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁó ßóÇáúÃóãúæóÇÊö¡ æóãóäú Êóæóáøóì ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÚóÏóáó Ýöíåöãú ÚóÏúáðÇ íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö (3) ÚóÇãøóÊõåõãú¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Ðóáößó íóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ùóáóãó¡ Ýóåõæó (4) ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöãøóäú íóÞõæáõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö: Åöäøóåõ Ùõáúãñ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö Âãöäñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ßöáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö.
æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝøóÑõæÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÙóÇáöãñ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøñ áöáúÞóÊúáö¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåöãú ÖõáøóÇáðÇ ãõÎúØöÆöíäó¡ åõãú ÑóÇÖõæäó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ãõÚóÙøöãõæäó áöÓöíÑóÊöåö æóÚóÏúáöåö.
æóÈöÚóÏúáö ÚõãóÑó íõÖúÑóÈõ ÇáúãóËóáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇáúÚõãóÑóíúäö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÇ ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö (5) ¡ ßóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö (6) ßóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò [æóÛóíúÑöåö] (7) º ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö.
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(1) È: ÃóÍúæóÇáõåõãú.
(2) ä: Ýóãóäú ÎóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
(3) ä: íóÔúåóÏõåõ.
(4) Ýóåõæó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) : åõæó.
(5) ä: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(6) ä: ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
(7) æóÛóíúÑöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/16)
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö áöÑóÇÚöíåóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö åõæó áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 143] .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÌöäóÇÒóÉò¡ ÝóÃóËúäóæúÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: " æóÌóÈóÊú æóÌóÈóÊú " æóãóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÌöäóÇÒóÉò¡ ÝóÃóËúäóæúÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÔóÑøðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " æóÌóÈóÊú æóÌóÈóÊú " ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÇ Þóæúáõßó: æóÌóÈóÊú æóÌóÈóÊú¿ ÞóÇáó: " åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉõ ÃóËúäóíúÊõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: æóÌóÈóÊú áóåóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉõ ÃóËúäóíúÊõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÔóÑøðÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: æóÌóÈóÊú áóåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÑõ¡ ÃóäúÊõãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁõ Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «íõæÔößõ Ãóäú ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö "¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èöãó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ . ÞóÇáó: " ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö ÇáÓøóíøöÆö» " (2) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÑóÚöíøóÉó ÚõãóÑó ÇäúÊóÔóÑóÊú ÔóÑúÞðÇ æóÛóÑúÈðÇ¡ [æóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÚöíøóÉõ ÚõãóÑó ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÉö Úóáöíøò] (3) ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú (4) ÑóÚöíøóÉõ Úóáöíøò ÌõÒúÁðÇ (5) ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóßõáøõåõãú íóÕöÝõæäó ÚóÏúáóåõ æóÒõåúÏóåõ æóÓöíóÇÓóÊóåõ æóíõÚóÙøöãõæäóåõ (6) ¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÞóÑúäðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÑúäò ÊóÕöÝõ ÚóÏúáóåõ æóÒõåúÏóåõ æóÓöíóÇÓóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ØóÚóäó Ýöí Ðóáößó.
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(1) Í¡ È: Ýöí ÃóÑúÖöåö¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/498
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/498
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ È: æóßóÇäó.
(5) ä: ÎóíúÑñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä: æóíóÚúáóãõæäóåõ.(6/17)
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ áóãú ÊóØúÚóäú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú áóãøóÇ ÛóáóÊú Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÌóÚóáóÊú ÐóäúÈó ÚõãóÑó ßóæúäóåõ Êóæóáøóì¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó áóåõ ãóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Èöåö (1) Ùõáúãõåõ Ýóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõãú Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö íõÍöÈøõæäóåõ æóíóÊóæóáøóæúäóåõ¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõæäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóåúÏöíøöíäó¡ áóßöäøó äöÕúÝó ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö íóØúÚóäõæäó Ýöí ÚóÏúáöåöº ÝóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ íõßóÝøöÑõæäóåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö [æóÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö] (2) íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõäúÕöÝúåõãú¡ æóÔöíÚóÉõ ÚõËúãóÇäó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ãöãøóäú Ùóáóãó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóÚóáöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö æóÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåóÇ¡ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áöÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäúåõ.
æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íõæóáøö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ æóáøóì ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ æóáøóì ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ùóáóãóåõãú¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÚúÏóáõ æóÃóÎúæóÝõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò.
æóÚõãóÑõ ãóÚó ÑöÖóÇ ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö Úóäúåõ¡ íóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ùóáóãóåõãú¡ æóÚóáöíøñ íóÔúßõæ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóÊóÙóáøõãöåöãú (3) ¡ æóíóÏúÚõæ Úóáóíúåöãú æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøöí ÃõÈúÛöÖõåõãú æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäöí (4) ¡ æóÓóÆöãúÊõåõãú æóÓóÆöãõæäöí (5) . Çááøóåõãøó ÝóÃóÈúÏöáúäöí Èöåöãú ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÃóÈúÏöáúåõãú Èöí ÔóÑøðÇ ãöäøöí.
{ÝóÃóíøõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúäö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} ¿
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(1) Èöåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (í) : áóåõ.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä¡ È: æóíóÙúáöãõåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Ñ: æóíõÈúÛöÖõæäóäöí.
(5) È: æóÃóÓúÃóãõåõãú æóíóÓúÃóãõæäöí¡ ä: æóáöÔóÊúãöåöãú æóíóÔúÊõãõæäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/18)
[ÝÕá ãæÞÝ ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÚäÏ ãÑÖ ÇáÑÓæá Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã ææÝÇÊå]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÑóæóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö (3) ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ãóæúÊöåö: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöÏóæóÇÉò æóÈóíóÇÖò (4) .¡ ÃóßúÊõÈú (5) . áóßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóÇ ÊóÖöáøõæäó Èöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó áóíóåúÌõÑõ¡ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóßóËõÑó ÇááøóÛóØõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÇÎúÑõÌõæÇ Úóäøöí¡ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí (6) ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚõ áóÏóíøó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉõ ßõáøõ ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉö ãóÇ (7) ÍóÇáó ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ßöÊóÇÈö (8) ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ (9) áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ãóÇ ãóÇÊó ãõÍóãøóÏñ (10) æóáóÇ íóãõæÊõ ÍóÊøóì íóÞúØóÚó ÃóíúÏöíó ÑöÌóÇáò
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöí æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ [0 - 9] 36 (ã) .
(3) ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: æóÞöÑúØóÇÓò
(5) ß: áöÃóßúÊõÈó
(6) Í¡ È: ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí.
(7) ß: ÝöíãóÇ.
(8) Í¡ Ñ¡ ä¡ í: ßöÊóÇÈóÉö.
(9) ÚõãóÑõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(10) ß: æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ãóÇÊó ãõÍóãøóÏñ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö.(6/19)
æóÃóÑúÌõáóåõãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ äóåóÇåõ (1) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÊóáóÇ Úóáóíúåö: {Åöäøóßó ãóíøöÊñ æóÅöäøóåõãú ãóíøöÊõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÒøõãóÑö: 30] æóÞóæúáóåõ: {ÃóÝóÅöäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú ÞõÊöáó ÇäúÞóáóÈúÊõãú Úóáóì ÃóÚúÞóÇÈößõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 144] ÞóÇáó: ßóÃóäøöí ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ (2) åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ãöäú Úöáúãöåö æóÝóÖúáöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú áöÃóÍóÏò ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " «ÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ» "¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò: ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ " ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó ": ãõáúåóãõæäó (3) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú (4) ßóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö (5) ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ æóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí åóÐöåö ãöäúåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚõãóÑõ [Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö] » " (6) æóÝöí áóÝúÙò áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (7) : " «áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó
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(1) ß: äóÈøóåóåõ.
(2) ä: ãóÇ ßóÃóäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1864 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó.
(4) ÞóÏú: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) .
(5) ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(6) Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/174 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/285 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 6/55¡
(7) ä¡ Í¡ È: æóÝöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.(6/20)
Ýöíãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÑöÌóÇáñ íõßóáøöãõæäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ (1) ÝóÚõãóÑõ» (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÅöÐú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÞóÏóÍðÇ ÃõÊöíÊõ Èöåö [Ýöíåö áóÈóäñ] (3) ¡ ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ãöäúåõ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøöí áóÃóÑóì (4) ÇáÑøóíøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÙúÝóÇÑöí¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚúØóíúÊõ ÝóÖúáöí ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÚöáúãõ» " (5) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÚúÑóÖõæäó Úóáóíøó æóÚóáóíúåöãú ÞõãõÕñ¡ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ ÇáËøóÏúíó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÑøó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÚóáóíúåö ÞóãöíÕñ íóÌõÑøõåõ ". ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊó Ðóáößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáÏøöíäõ» " (6)
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(1) ä: ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú.
(2) " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/12 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó. .
(3) Ýöíåö áóÈóäñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÃóÑóì.
(5) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/23 - 24 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ 9/35. ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇááøóÈóäö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÑóì ÇááøóÈóäõ Ýöí ÃóØúÑóÇÝöåö æóÃóÙóÇÝöíÑöåö 9/40 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúØóì ÝóÖúáóåõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö¡ 9/41 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÏóÍö Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1859 - 1860 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/282 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÈóÇÈö 69¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó (Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 5554¡ 6142¡ 6143¡ 6343¡ 6344¡ 6426.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/12 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö 9/35 - 36 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞóãöíÕö Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö¡ 9/36¡ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÌóÑøö ÇáúÞóãöíÕö Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 4/1859 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó 3/86¡ 5/374.(6/21)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " æóÇÝóÞúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò (1) : Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ æóÝöí ÃóÓóÇÑóì ÈóÏúÑò ". (2) . æóáöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " æóÇÝóÞúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò Ãóæú æóÇÝóÞóäöí ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò. ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ áóæö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊó ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú: {æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 125] (3) æóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÈóÑøõ æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóãóÑúÊó ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÂíóÉó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ æóÈóáóÛóäöí ãõÚóÇÊóÈóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÖó ÃóÒúæóÇÌöåö¡ ÝóÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäö ÇäúÊóåóíúÊõäøó¡ Ãóæú áóíõÈóÏøöáóäøó Çááøóåõ ÑóÓõæáóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúßõäøó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóÊú (4) ÅöÍúÏóì äöÓóÇÆöåö ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÃóãóÇ Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ íóÚöÙõ äöÓóÇÁóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚöÙóåõäøó ÃóäúÊó¿ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ: {ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøõåõ Åöäú ØóáøóÞóßõäøó Ãóäú íõÈúÏöáóåõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌðÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúßõäøó} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 5] (5) .
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(1) ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò ÊóÚõæÏõ äõÓúÎóÉõ (ã) .
(2) æóÌóÏúÊõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/1865 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) Ñ¡ ä¡ í: ÃóÊóíúÊõ.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/85 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ 5/20¡ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáöåö: æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/323¡ 263¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 434¡ 435¡ 437¡ 493¡ 494¡ 495¡ 682.(6/22)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãõÈóíøóäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö: " ÇÏúÚöí áöí ÃóÈóÇßö æóÃóÎóÇßö ÍóÊøóì ÃóßúÊõÈó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÊóãóäøóì ãõÊóãóäøò æóíóÞõæáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: ÃóäóÇ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóíóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò» " ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/492¡ 511.
æóÝöí [ÕóÍöíÍö] ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (1) Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: æóÇ ÑóÃúÓóÇåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " áóæú ßóÇäó æóÃóäóÇ Íóíøñ (2) ÝóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßö æóÃóÏúÚõæ áóßö ". ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: æóÇ ËõßúáóÇåõ¡ æóÇááøóåö Åöäøöí áóÃóÙõäøóßó ÊõÍöÈøõ ãóæúÊöí¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó áóÙóáöáúÊó ÂÎöÑó íóæúãößó ãõÚóÑøöÓðÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÃóÒúæóÇÌößó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " Èóáú ÃóäóÇ æóÇ ÑóÃúÓóÇåõ. áóÞóÏú åóãøóÊú Ãóäú (3) ÃõÑúÓöáó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÇÈúäöåö æóÃóÚúåóÏõ (4) : Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó Ãóæú íóÊóãóäøóì ÇáúãõÊóãóäøõæäó¡ æóíóÏúÝóÚó Çááøóåõ æóíóÃúÈóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó» " (5) .
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò (6) Úóäú [ÇÈúäö] (7) ÃóÈöí ãõáóíúßóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡
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(1) ä: æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 7/119 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÑúÖóì¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö ÇáúãóÑöíÖö Åöäøöí æóÌöÚñ Ãóæú æóÇ ÑóÃúÓóÇåõ.
(2) ã: áóæú ßóÇäó ÐóÇßó æóÃóäóÇ Íóíøñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÐóÇßó áóæú ßóÇäó æóÃóäóÇ Íóíøñ.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: áóÞóÏú åóãóãúÊõ Ü Ãóæú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ü Ãóäú.
(4) Í¡ È: ÝóÃóÚúåóÏõ.
(5) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÇáúãõÊóãóäøõæäó¡ Ëõãøó ÞõáúÊõ: íóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ æóíóÏúÝóÚõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ Ãóæú íóÏúÝóÚõ Çááøóåõ æóíóÃúÈóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/80 - 81 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö.
(6) 4/1856 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö.
(7) ÇÈúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)(6/23)
æóÓõÆöáúÊõ: ãóäú ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝðÇ áóæö ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåóÇ: Ëõãøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÚõãóÑõ. Þöíáó áóåóÇ: Ëõãøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÚõãóÑó¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÚóÇãöÑõ (1) Èúäõ ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóåóÊú Åöáóì åóÐóÇ (2) æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÇÔúÊóÈóåó Úóáóíúåö åóáú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö¿ æóÇáúãóÑóÖõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ áóåõ¿ ÃóåóÌóÑó (3) ¿ " ÝóÔóßøó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóáóãú íóÌúÒöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ åóÌóÑó¡ æóÇáÔøóßøõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúÕõæãó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú Ôóßøó (4) ÈöÔõÈúåóÉòº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó ãóÑöíÖðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÏúÑö ÃóßóáóÇãõåõ (5) ßóÇäó ãöäú æóåóÌö ÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ áöáúãóÑöíÖö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÞóÈõæáõåõ¿ æóßóÐóáößó (6) . Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóãõÊú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó (7) .
æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÚóÒóãó Úóáóì (8) Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí
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(1) ÚóÇãöÑñ: Ýöí (Í) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/497.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ßóáóÇãö ÚõãóÑó ÚöäúÏó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÃóßúÊõÈú áóßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÇáÊøóÇáöí ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉó ßõáøó ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉö. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑúÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåöíó äóÝúÓõ ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ßóáóÇãõ ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
(4) ä: íóÔõßøõ.
(5) ä: Ýóáóãú íóÏúÑö Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãóåõ¡ È: Ýóáóãú íóÏúÑö ÃóßóáóÇãõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) È: æóáöÐóáößó
(7) ä: ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó.
(8) ä: ÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíøó.(6/24)
ÐóßóÑóåõ áöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóßøó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó¡ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáÔøóßøó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Ýöíåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÌúãóÚõåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÒóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: " «æóíóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò» ".
æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: " Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉó ßõáøó ÇáÑøóÒöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóÇáó Èóíúäó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó " (1) íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÆöáó ßóÇäó ÑóÒöíøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÑóÒöíøóÉñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú Ôóßøó (2) . Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ Ãóæö ÇÔúÊóÈóåó (3) Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ßöÊóÇÈñ áóÒóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóßøõ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõ ÍóÞøñ ÝóáóÇ ÑóÒöíøóÉó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ.
æóãóäú Êóæóåøóãó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ßóÇäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝóÉö Úóáöíøò Ýóåõæó ÖóÇáøñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö [ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö] (4) ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÝóãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ (5) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøó áöáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó äóÕøðÇ ÌóáöíøðÇ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ßöÊóÇÈò.
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(1) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/30 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈóÇÈö ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö 6/9 - 10 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÑóÖö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó æóÓóáøóãó æóæóÝóÇÊöåö 7/130 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÑúÖóì¡ ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö ÇáúãóÑöíÖö ÞõæãõæÇ Úóäøöí¡ 9/111 - 112 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈö ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1257 - 1258 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ÈóÇÈö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö áöãóäú áóíúÓó áóåõ ÔóíúÁñ íõæÕöí Ýöíåö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 4/356¡ 5/45
(2) ä: ãóäú íóÔõßøõ
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ ã¡ í: æóÇÔúÊóÈóåó.
(4) ãöäú ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä: æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.(6/25)
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÌóÍóÏóÊö ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó¡ ÝóáöÃóäú ÊóßúÊõãó (1) ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÍóÖóÑóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóáöíáóÉñ Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÍúÑóì.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÊóÃúÎöíÑõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Åöáóì ãóÑóÖö ãóæúÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöÔóßøö ãóäú Ôóßøó¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõåõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÈóíóÇäõåõ æóßöÊóÇÈóÊõåõ¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÈóíøöäõåõ æóíóßúÊõÈõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊõ Åöáóì Þóæúáö ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóØúæóÚõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö áóåõ¡ ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ßöÊóÇÈóÊõåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ÅöÐú áóæú æóÌóÈó áóÝóÚóáóåõ¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÇÔúÊóÈóåó Úóáóíúåö ÃóãúÑñ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóæú Ôóßøó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóäú íõÝúÊöí æóíóÞúÖöí ÈöÃõãõæÑò æóíóßõæäõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú Íóßóãó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåóÇ¡ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú Úóáöãó Íõßúãó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -º ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóßøó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö ÃóÎóÝøõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÒúãö ÈöäóÞöíÖöåö.
æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ [ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó] (2) ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ÓóÇÆöÛò ßóÇäó ÛóÇíóÊóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÝóÚó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉó Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÖóì Úóáöíøñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÚúÊóÏøõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ Þöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáÓøóäóÇÈöáö Èúäó ÈóÚúßóßò ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÐóáößó áöÓõÈóíúÚóÉó (3) ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ßóÐóÈó
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: ÝóáöÃóäú íóßúÊõÈó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ ä¡ ã¡ í: ÝóáöÃóäú íóßúÊõãó.
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) È: ÓõÈóíúÚóÉó.(6/26)
ÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóäóÇÈöáö¡ [Èóáú ÍóáóáúÊö] » (1) ÝóÇäúßöÍöí ãóäú ÔöÆúÊö " (2) . ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐøóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóäóÇÈöáö áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÝúÊöíó ÈöåóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÍõÖõæÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÇ ÃóÝúÊóíóÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ [áóßöäú] (3) ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈóáóÛóåõãóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÓõÈóíúÚóÉó.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÓóÇÆöÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏõæÇ ÝóÃóÝúÊóæúÇ æóÞóÖóæúÇ æóÍóßóãõæÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò¡ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóáóãú ÊóÈúáõÛúåõãõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõËóÇÈöíäó Úóáóì ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú¡ ãõØöíÚöíäó áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÊöåöãú¡ æóáóåõãú ÃóÌúÑñ Úóáóì Ðóáößó (4) ¡ æóãóäö ÇÌúÊóåóÏó ãöäúåõãú æóÃóÕóÇÈó Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑóÇäö.
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊóäóÇÒöÚõæäó: åóáú íõÞóÇáõ: ßõáøñ ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ ãõÕöíÈñ¿ Ãóãö ÇáúãõÕöíÈõ æóÇÍöÏñ¿ æóÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ [Åöäú] (5) ÃõÑöíÏó ÈöÇáúãõÕöíÈö ÇáúãõØöíÚõ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåöº Ýóßõáøõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ÇÊøóÞóì Çááøóåó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó Ýóåõæó ãõØöíÚñ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ äóÝúÓðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÚóÇÌöÒñ Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÓóÞóØó [Úóäúåõ] (6) .
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(1) Èóáú ÍóáóáúÊö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóÓóÞóØóÊú Èóáú ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/243.
(3) áóßöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: æóáóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÌúÑñ.
(5) Åöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(6) ä: ÝóíõÓúÞöØõåõ¡ ã: ÝóíóÓúÞõØõ Úóäúåõ.(6/27)
æóÅöäú Úóäöíó ÈöÇáúãõÕöíÈö ÇáúÚóÇáöãó ÈöÍõßúãö Çááøóåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÕöíÈõ áóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇÍöÏñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóì ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ÌöåóÉò¡ Ýóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú ãõØöíÚñ áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÓóÇÞöØñ Úóäúåõ ÈöÕóáóÇÊöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌöåóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÚóÇáöãó ÈöÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíó ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÝóÖøóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÝóÃóÌúÑõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó " «ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö¡ æóÝöí ßõáøò ÎóíúÑñ» " ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (1)
æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÖóì Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÇáúãõÝóæøóÖóÉö ÈöÃóäøó ãóåúÑóåóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ãóÚó ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÈöÑóæúÚö ÈöäúÊö æóÇÔöÞò ÈöÃóäøó áóåóÇ ãóåúÑó äöÓóÇÆöåóÇ (2) . æóßóÐóáößó ØóáóÈõåõ äößóÇÍó ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò ÍóÊøóì ÛóÖóÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÑóÌóÚó Úóäú Ðóáößó (3) «æóÞóæúáõåõ áóãøóÇ äóÏóÈóåõ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó [ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (4) Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ ÝóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøöíóÇäö¿ " (5) ÝóÞóÇáó
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 4/2052 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóÌúÒö¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/31 ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ 2/1395 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæóßøõáö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 16/321¡ 17/20.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÚóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/183
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÚóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/250 - 251.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÃóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøöíóÇäö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) . æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÃóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøõæäó.(6/28)
Úóáöíøñ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓõäóÇ ÈöíóÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËóäóÇ ÈóÚóËóäóÇ¡ Ýóæóáøóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó íóÖúÑöÈõ ÝóÎöÐóåõ æóíóÞõæáõ: " {æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ÔóíúÁò ÌóÏóáðÇ} » " (1)
æóÃóãúËóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ (2) áóãú íóÞúÏóÍú Ýöí Úóáöíøò áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÚõãóÑõ áóÇ íõÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ ãóÚó ÑõÌõæÚöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö.
æóÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí áöÚóáöíøò Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó ÚóäúåóÇ (3) ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí áöÚõãóÑó Ãóäú íóÑúÌöÚó ÚóäúåóÇ (4) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÏú ÑóÌóÚó Úóäú ÚóÇãøóÉö Êöáúßó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÚõÑöÝó ÑõÌõæÚõåõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÝóÞóØú¡ ßóÑõÌõæÚöåö Úóäú ÎöØúÈóÉö ÈöäúÊö ÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ: ßóÝõÊúíóÇåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇãöáó ÊóÚúÊóÏøõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÝóæøöÖóÉó áóÇ ãóåúÑó áóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáÒøóæúÌõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: [Åöäøó ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑóÉó] (5) ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóÊú ÒóæúÌóåóÇ Ýóåöíó æóÇÍöÏóÉñ (6) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóíøóÑó äöÓóÇÁóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ØóáóÇÞðÇ.
ÝóåóÐöåö áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÞóÇÄõåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÓóÇÆöáõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö " (7) æóÐóßóÑóåóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò
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(1) ãóÖóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 3/85.
(2) ÅöÐóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) ä: ãöäúåóÇ.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Ñ) .
(5) Åöäøó ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóÇÒóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ äóÝúÓóåóÇ Ýóåöíó æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ ã: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåóÇ äóÝúÓóåóÇ Ýóåöíó æóÇÍöÏóÉñ.
(7) ÐóßóÑó ÓóÒúßöíäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ööãúäó ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÃõãøö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÓóÒúßöíäó ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 185 æóæóÌóÏúÊõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ööãúäó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú Õ 163 - 191 ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃõãøö áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõÍóãøóÏö ÒóåúÑöíøò ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉó 1381 1961(6/29)
ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö " (1) æóÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íõÐúßóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ ãöËúáõ ãõÕóäøóÝö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ æóÓõäóäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ æóãõÕóäøóÝö æóßöíÚò¡ æóãõÕóäøóÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÓõäóäö ÇáúÃóËúÑóãö¡ æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÍóÑúÈò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú ãöËúáõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö äóÕúÑò (2) ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ åóÄõáóÇÁö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå æÇáßáÇã Úáì ãæÞÝå ãä ÝÏß]
ÝóÕúáñ (3)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (4) : " æóáóãøóÇ æóÚóÙóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ (5) . ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÝóÏóßò¡ ßóÊóÈó áóåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÈöåóÇ (6) ¡ æóÑóÏøóåóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌóÊú ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö¡
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(1) áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÓóÒúßöíäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ööãúäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉö áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö äóÕúÑöíøò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøö: ÇäúÙõÑú: ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ [0 - 9] 97 - 198¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚõäúæóÇäö áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÇäúÙõÑú ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 258
(2) æóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) : ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ äóÕúÑò¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " æóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøö " ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(3) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(4) Ýöí (ß) Õ 137 (ã) .
(5) ß: ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
(6) ÈöåóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã) ¡ (ß) .(6/30)
ÝóáóÞöíóåóÇ (1) ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÝóÍóÑøóÞó (2) ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÝóÏóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ áõÄúáõÄóÉó Èöåö¡ æóÚóØøóáó ÍõÏõæÏó (3) Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íóÍõÏøó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó Èúäó ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí¡ æóßóÇäó (4) . íõÚúØöí ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÍóÝúÕóÉó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóäóÉò ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöÑúåóãò¡ æóÛóíøóÑó Íõßúãó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÝóíøöíäó (5) ¡ æóßóÇäó Þóáöíáó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ (6) Ýöíåö ÚóÇáöãñ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝú áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò áóãú íóßúÊõÈú ÝóÏóßðÇ ÞóØøõ áöÃóÍóÏò áóÇ áöÝóÇØöãóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåóÇ (7) ¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÚóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó.
æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ áõÄúáõÄóÉó ßóÑóÇãóÉñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - æóåõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöãøóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌóãò ÈöÚóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÞóÊóáóÉõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Èöåö. ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ áõÄúáõÄóÉó ßóÇÝöÑñ ÞóÊóáó ÚõãóÑó ßóãóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõåõ ãõÓúáöãñº ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÊöíáó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉò ãöäú ÞóÊöíáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (8) ¡ æóÞóÊúáõ ÃóÈöí áõÄúáõÄóÉó áöÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöãõÏøóÉö
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(1) ä: ÝóáóÝóÊóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ÝóÍóÑøóÞó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ß) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (È) ÝóãóÒøóÞó¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (Í) ¡ (í) ÝóÎóÑóÞó.
(3) ß: ÍóÏøó.
(4) ß: ÝóßóÇäó
(5) ä: ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) ä¡ ã: áóãú íóÓúÊóÑöÈú.
(7) È: æóáóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
(8) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÊúáó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.(6/31)
ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÓöÊøóÉó ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ Ýóãöäú Ãóíúäó íóÚúÑöÝõ (1) Ãóäøó ÞóÊúáóåõ ßóÇäó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÏõÚóÇÁò ÍóÕóáó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãõÏøóÉö.
æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò ÈöÃóäú íóÞúÊõáóåõ ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÏõÚóÇÁð (2) áóåõ áóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÏúÚõæ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " «íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áöÝõáóÇäò " ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóæú ÃóãúÊóÚúÊóäóÇ Èöåö» ! [æóßóÇäó] (3) . ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÈöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó (4) æóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Ùóáóãó Ãóåúáó ÕöÝøöíäó æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó ÍóÊøóì ÏóÚóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãõáúÌóãò¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Âáó [ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö] ÍóÑúÈò (5) ÏóÚóæúÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÈöãóÇ ÝõÚöáó Èöåö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: íóÚúáóãõ.
(2) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ.
(3) æóßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ æóãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ æóãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/130 - 131 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ÈóÇÈö ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ 9/7 - 8 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíøóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÊóáó äóÝúÓóåõ ÎóØóÃð ÝóáóÇ ÏöíóÉó áóåõ¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1427 - 1429 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ 3/1433 - 1441 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÛóÒúæóÉö Ðöí ÞóÑóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÃóæúÝóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö æóÃóÏõáøõåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÕóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó æóÝöíåóÇ 3/1440: ÝóÌóÚóáó Úóãøöí ÚóÇãöÑñ íóÑúÊóÌöÒõ ÈöÇáúÞóæúãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÇãöÑñ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóßó ÑóÈøõßó¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÅöäúÓóÇäò íóÎõÕøõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÇÏóì ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì Ìóãóáò áóåõ: íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö¡ áóæúáóÇ ãóÇ ãóÊøóÚúÊóäóÇ ÈöÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: ÝóæóÞóÚó ÓóíúÝõ ãóÑúÍóÈò Ýöí ÊõÑúÓö ÚóÇãöÑò¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÚóÇãöÑñ íóÓúÝõáõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÓóíúÝõåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÞóØóÚó ÃóßúÍóáóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÝöíåóÇ äóÝúÓõåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/46¡ 47 - 48¡ 50¡ 51 - 52.
(5) ä¡ ã: Åöäøó Âáó ÍóÑúÈò.(6/32)
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÝóÏóßòº [áóãú] (1) íóÃúÎõÐúåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö æóÃóÕúÏöÞóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÍöÑúãóÇäö [Ãóåúáö] (2) . ÈóíúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõÞóÏøöãõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóíõÝóÖøöáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ «áóãøóÇ æóÖóÚó ÇáÏøöíæóÇäó áöáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ æóßóÊóÈó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÈúÏóÃõ Èößó¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÇÈúÏóÃõæÇ ÈöÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÖóÚõæÇ ÚõãóÑó ÍóíúËõ æóÖóÚóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÈóÏóÃó ÈöÈóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ æóÖóãøó Åöáóíúåöãú Èóäöí ÇáúãõØøóáöÈöº áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " ÅöäøóãóÇ Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò æóÈóäõæ ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö ÔóíúÁñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íõÝóÇÑöÞõæäóÇ Ýöí ÌóÇåöáöíøóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöÓúáóÇãò " (3) ÝóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó¡ æóÝóÑóÖó áóåõãú ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ ÝóÑóÖó áöäõÙóÑóÇÆöåöãú ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö¡ æóÝóÖøóáó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò Úóáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÇÈúäõåõ æóÞóÇáó: ÊõÝóÖøöáõ Úóáóíøó ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ãöäúßó¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì [ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö] ãöäú ÃóÈöíßó» (4) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãöåö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóÊóÝúÖöíáöåö áóåõãú ÃóãúÑñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝú Ýöíåö ÇËúäóÇäö¡ Ýóãóäú Êóßõæäõ åóÐöåö ãõÑóÇÚóÇÊõåõ áöÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÚöÊúÑóÊöåö¡ ÃóíóÙúáöãõ ÃóÞúÑóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÓóíøöÏóÉó äöÓóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóåöíó ãõÕóÇÈóÉñ [Èöåö] (5) Ýöí íóÓöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóåõæó íõÚúØöí ÃóæúáóÇÏóåóÇ ÃóÖúÚóÇÝó
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(1) áóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Ãóåúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä)
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/594
(4) ä¡ ã¡ í: ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÈöíßó¡ Ñ: ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö ãöäúßó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(5) Èöåö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(6/33)
Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóíõÚúØöí ãóäú åõæó ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåóÇ æóíõÚúØöí ÚóáöíøðÇ¿ ! .
Ëõãøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ ÈöÃóäøó ØõáøóÇÈó Çáúãõáúßö æóÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö áóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæäó áöáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ Èóáú íõßúÑöãõæäóåõäøó áöÃóäøóåõäøó áóÇ íóÕúáõÍúäó áöáúãõáúßö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÌúÒöáõ (1) ÇáúÚóØóÇÁó áöáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ íóÍúÑöãõåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÞøöåóÇ¡ áóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò ÃóÕúáðÇ áóÇ Ïöíäöíøò æóáóÇ Ïõäúíóæöíøò¿ !
[Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö Ãä ÚãÑ ÚóØøóáó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íõÍöÏøó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó Èúäó ÔõÚúÈóÉó æÇáÑÏ Úáíå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " æóÚóØøóáó ÍõÏõæÏó Çááøóåö Ýóáóãú íõÍöÏøó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó Èúäó ÔõÚúÈóÉó ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÌóãóÇåöíÑó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõãóÑõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßúãõáú ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøõåõæÏó¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö áóãú íõäóÇÒöÚú Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÑõÏøõ Úóáóì Úóáöíøò ÈöÊóÚúØöíáö ÅöÞóÇãóÉö (2) ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö æóÇáúÍõÏõæÏö Úóáóì ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍõ Ýöí Úóáöíøò ãõÈúØöáðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóÇÏöÍõ Ýöí ÚõãóÑó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö.
æóÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ßóÇäó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÃóÞóÑøõæåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÅöÞúÑóÇÑö Úóáöíøò [áóåõ] (3) . Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÌóáóÏó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÇáúÍóÏøó¡ ÃóÚóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑóÉó ÇáúÞóÐúÝó¡ æóÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú Òóäóì¡ Ýóåóãøó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÌöáúÏöåö ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ: Åöäú ßõäúÊó ÌóÇáöÏóåõ ÝóÇÑúÌõãö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó¡ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Åöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáó (4) . ÝóÞóÏú ÍõÏøó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÚóáúÊóåõ (5) ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáò ËóÇäò ÝóÞóÏú
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(1) Í: íõÌöíÒõ.
(2) ÅöÞóÇãóÉö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã)
(4) ä: Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ã: Åöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÃóæøóáó
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÅöäú ÌõÚöáó.(6/34)
Êóãøó ÇáäøöÕóÇÈõ [ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ] (1) ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÑóÌúãõåõ (2) . Ýóáóãú íóÍõÏøóåõ ÚõãóÑõ (3) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÑöÖóÇ Úóáöíøò ÈöÍóÏøöåöãú ÃóæøóáðÇ (4) . Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóäúßóÑó ÍóÏøóåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÇáËøóÇäöíó.
æóßóÇäó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò íõÑóÇÌöÚõ ÚõãóÑó æóíóÍúÊóÌøõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóíóÑúÌöÚõ ÚõãóÑõ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåöº ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó æóÞøóÇÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -.
Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó (5) : " ÞóÏøóãó ÚõíóíúäóÉó Èúäó ÍöÕúäò Úóáóì [ÇÈúäö] (6) ÃóÎöíåö ÇáúÍõÑøö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò (7) ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÝóÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó (8) íõÏúäöíåöãú ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãóÌóÇáöÓö (9) ÚõãóÑó ßõåõæáðÇ (10) ßóÇäõæÇ Ãóæú ÔõÈøóÇäðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõíóíúäóÉõ áöÇÈúäö ÃóÎöíåö: íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÃóÎöí áóßó æóÌúåñ (11) ÚöäúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãöíÑö ÝóÇÓúÊóÃúÐöäú (12) áöí Úóáóíúåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ áóßó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÇáúÍõÑøõ áöÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó
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(1) ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÑóÌúãõåõ) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ã)
(3) ä¡ ã: Ýóáóãú íóÌúáöÏúåõ ÚõãóÑõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: æóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáõ Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÍúÏøõåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ
(5) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö 6/60 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö 9/94 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈöÓõäóäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(6) ÇÈúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(7) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÚõíóíúäóÉó Èúäö ÍöÕúäö Èúäö ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÈóÏúÑò ÝóäóÒóáó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÎöíåö ÇáúÍõÑøö Èúäö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÍöÕúäò.
(8) ä: ÇáøóÐöí.
(9) Í¡ È: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ì [0 - 9] : ãóÌúáöÓñ.
(10) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÚõãóÑõ æóãõÔóÇæóÑóÊõåõ ßõåõæáðÇ.
(11) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: åóáú áóßó æóÌúåñ.
(12) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ì [0 - 9] : ÝóÊóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ.(6/35)
áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáó: åöíåö íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÊõÚúØöíäóÇ ÇáúÌóÒúáó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúßõãõ ÈóíúäóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÚõãóÑõ ÍóÊøóì åóãøó Ãóäú íõæÞöÚó Èöåö (1) . ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÍõÑøõ: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÇáó áöäóÈöíøöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: {ÎõÐö ÇáúÚóÝúæó æóÃúãõÑú ÈöÇáúÚõÑúÝö æóÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäö ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 199] æóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÌóÇæóÒóåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Íöíäó ÊóáóÇåóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ æóÞøóÇÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ".
æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõåõ Ýöí Çááøóåö áóæúãóÉõ áóÇÆöãò¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÇáúÍóÏøó áóãøóÇ ÔóÑöÈó (2) ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÇáúÍóÏøó¡ [áóßöäú] (3) ßóÇäó (4) ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÓöÑøðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõÖúÑóÈõæäó ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó ÚõãóÑõ Åöáóì ÚóãúÑòæ íóÒúÌõÑõåõ æóíóÊóåóÏøóÏõåõ (5) ¡ áößóæúäöåö ÍóÇÈóì ÇÈúäóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ØóáóÈóåõ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ãóÑøóÉð ËóÇäöíóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ãóÇ áóßó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÒóÌóÑó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóßóÐöÈñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÖóÑúÈõ ÇáúãóíøöÊö áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ (6) .
æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉõ Ýöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõåõ Ýöí Çááøóåö áóæúãóÉõ áóÇÆöãò¡ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ãóäú ÊõÐúßóÑó åõäóÇ.
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(1) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: åóãøó Èöåö¡ æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö åóãøó Ãóäú íõæÞöÚó Èöåö¡ æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö: åóãøó ÈöÃóäú íóÞóÚó Èöåö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: áóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÔóÑöÈó.
(3) áóßöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóíóÊóæóÚøóÏõåõ.
(6) ä¡ ã: áóÇ íóÍöáøõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ Õ 207 - 209 æóÇäúÙõÑú Þóæúáó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Õ 209 ÝóÓóãóÚó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö Ãóäö ÇÈúÚóËú Åöáóíøó ÈöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì ÞóÊóÈò¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÚóãúÑñæ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ÌóáóÏóåõ æóÚóÇÞóÈóåõ ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ãóßóÇäöåö ãöäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÈöËó ÔóåúÑðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ÞóÏóÑõåõ¡ ÝóÊóÍóÓøóÈó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ãöäú ÌóáúÏö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóãõÊú ãöäú ÌóáúÏöåö¡ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÙóäøó ÈöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíÐó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøõÑúÈó ãöäúåõ áóÇ íõÓúßöÑõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÑúæóÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÑúæóÚóÉó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøõßúÑö ØóáóÈóÇ ÇáÊøóØúåöíÑó ÈöÇáúÍóÏøö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóßúÝöíåöãóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáäøóÏóãö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÛóÖöÈóÇ áöáøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÑöØóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÓúáóãóÇåóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ßóæúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÍóÏøó Úóáóì æóáóÏöåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÍóÏøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÖóÑóÈóåõ ÛóÖóÈðÇ æóÊóÃúÏöíÈðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúÍóÏøõ áóÇ íõßóÑøóÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÕøóÇÕö ÝóÃóÈóÏóÃõæÇ Ýöíåö æóÃóÚóÇÏõæÇ¡ ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÌúÚóáõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó ãóÖúÑõæÈðÇ Úóáóì ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõáóÝøóÞðÇ íõÈúßöí ÇáúÚóæóÇãøó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÚõãóÑó áöÚóáöíøò æóäóÇÌöí ØóäúØóÇæöíøò Õ 382 - 383.(6/36)
æóÃóíøõ ÛóÑóÖò ßóÇäó áöÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó¿ ! æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ßóÇáúãöíÒóÇäö ÇáúÚóÇÏöáö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãöíáõ Åöáóì ÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö æóáóÇ ÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö.
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚØÇíÇ ÚãÑ áÃÒæÇÌ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã]
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí¡ æóßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÍóÝúÕóÉó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóäóÉò ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöÑúåóãò ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÝúÕóÉõ ÝóßóÇäó íõäúÞöÕõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö áößóæúäöåóÇ ÇÈúäóÊóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞóÕó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó (1) . æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÇÍúÊöíóÇØöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ æóÎóæúÝöåö ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóäóåúíöåö äóÝúÓóåõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì¡ æóåõæó ßóÇäó íóÑóì ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ ÝóíõÚúØöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúØöí ÛóíúÑóåõäøó ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ãöäú Âáö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÂáö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúØöí ÃóÚúÏóÇÏóåõãú ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÖøóáó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ßóÇäó áöÃóÌúáö ÇÊøöÕóÇáöåö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóæú áöÓóÇÈöÞóÊöåö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ:
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÇÈúäõåõ.(6/37)
áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇáö ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ æóÛöäóÇÄõåõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ æóÈóáóÇÄõåõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ æóÓóÇÈöÞóÊõåõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ æóÍóÇÌóÊõåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ (1) ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ãóäú íõÊøóåóãõ Úóáóì ÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö ÈöãõÍóÇÈóÇÉò Ýöí ÕóÏóÇÞóÉò Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÈóÉò¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íõäúÞöÕõ ÇÈúäóåõ æóÇÈúäóÊóåõ æóäóÍúæóåõãóÇ Úóäú äõÙóÑóÇÆöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÖóÉö¡ æóíõÝóÖøöáõ Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÈõíõæÊóÇÊö æóíõÞóÏøöãõåõãú.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉõ áóãú íóÓöÑúåóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöËúáõåõ áóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóáóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞõÏöÍó Ýöíåö ÈöÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóáúíõÞúÏóÍú Ýöíåö ÈöÊóÝúÖöíáö ÑöÌóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Èóáú æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
[ÝÕá ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ýí ÚãÑ: æÛíøóÑ Íßã Çááå Ýí ÇáãäÝííä]
ÝóÕúáñ
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " æóÛóíøóÑó (2) Íõßúãó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÝóíøöíäó ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑó áöÍõßúãö Çááøóåö ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ (3) Íõßúãó Çááøóåö¡ ãöËúáõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÊóÍúÑöíãö ãóÇ ÃóÍóáøóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáäøóÝúíõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÑö ßóÇäó (4) ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓõæÛõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóãúÑó áóãú íõÞóÏøöÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÏøóåóÇ áóÇ ÞóÏúÑóåõ æóáóÇ ÕöÝóÊóåõ¡ Èóáú ÌóæøóÒó ÝöíåóÇ (5) ÇáÖøóÑúÈó
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(1) ä: ßóãóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: æóÛóíøóÑó. . .
(3) ã¡ Ñ¡ í: íóßõæäõ ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ.
(4) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(5) Í¡ È: Ýöíåö.(6/38)
ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö¡ æóÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáËøöíóÇÈö (1) æóÚõËúßõæáö ÇáäøóÎúáö (2) . æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúÞóÐúÝö æóÇáÒøöäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáÓøóæúØö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÑö (3) ÝóÞóÏú ÖóÑóÈó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÖóÑóÈõæÇ ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " æóßõáøñ ÓõäøóÉñ " (4) . æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ áóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóæúáóÇäö¡ Þöíáó: ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÍóÏøñ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö [Úóäúåõ] (5) . æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÊóÚúÒöíÑñ¡ áöáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ æóÃóäú íóÊúÑõßóåõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - íóÍúáöÞõ Ýöí ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóíóäúÝöí ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÖö ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú «Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö Ýöí [ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö Ãóæú] ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö» (6) . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ (7) .
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(1) ä: ÇáäøóÈóÇÊõ.
(2) Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÇáúÚöËúßóÇáõ æóÇáúÚõËúßõæáõ æóÇáúÚõËúßõæáóÉõ ÇáúÚöÐúÞõ¡ æóÇáúÚõËúßõæáõ æóÇáúÚöËúßóÇáõ ÇáÔøöãúÑóÇÎõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈõÓúÑõ ãöäú ÚöíÏóÇäö ÇáúßöÈóÇÓóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáäøóÎúáö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÚõäúÞõæÏö ãöäó ÇáúßóÑúãö.
(3) Ñ¡ í: Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóãúÑö.
(4) Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1331 - 1332 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ ÃóËóÑñ ÌóÇÁó Ýöíåö Ãóäøó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ÌóáóÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÌóáóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóßõáøñ ÓõäøóÉñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó¡ æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/228 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏøö Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/858 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö.
(5) Úóäúåõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(6) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö.
(7) ÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóßóÑøóÑõ ÔõÑúÈõåõ ÚöÏøóÉó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ ãöäúåóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈõæÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÝóÇÌúáöÏõæåõãú¡ Ëõãøó Åöäú ÔóÑöÈõæÇ ÝóÇÌúáöÏõæåõãú¡ Ëõãøó Åöäú ÔóÑöÈõæÇ ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõãú) æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/228 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÊóÇÈóÚó Ýöí ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÝöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÈóÇÈö 4/229 - 230 ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÍóÏöíËõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 2/449 - 450 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó: ãóäú ÔóÑöÈó ÝóÇÌúáöÏõæåõ ÝóÅöäú ÚóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ¡ æóÚóáøóÞó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÑóæóæõÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö ãóÇ íóáöí: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÃóÕóÍøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ëõãøó äõÓöÎó ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ: Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 2/859 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈó ãóäú ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ãöÑóÇÑðÇ¡ Óõäóäó ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/175 - 176 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈó Ýöí ÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÊöíó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó¡ Óõäóäó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/281 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÃóÔúÑöÈóÉö ÈóÇÈó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÛóáøóÙóÉö Ýöí ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 6553¡ 7003 ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõãóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó ÇáØøóæöíáó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑò ÑóÍöãóåõ áöáøóåö 9/49 - 91 æóßóáóÇãõåõ Úóäú æõÑõæÏö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö.(6/39)
æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ: åóáú åõæó ãóäúÓõæÎñ Ãóæú ãõÍúßóãñ¿ Ãóæú åõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ Åöäö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ¿ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó íóÖúÑöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÃõÞöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøó ÝóíóãõæÊõ¡ ÝóÃóÌöÏõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöí ÅöáøóÇ ÔóÇÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ãóÇÊó áóæóÏóíúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ÝóÚóáúäóÇåõ ÈöÑóÃúíöäóÇ " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (1) æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí íõÝúÚóáõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ Ëõãøó åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃõÞöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏøñ Ãóæú ÊóÚúÒöíÑñ Ãóæú ÞöÕóÇÕñ ÝóãóÇÊó
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(1) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/158 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 3/1332 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 2/222 - 223¡ 244.(6/40)
ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ åóáú íõÖúãóäõ¿ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑó [ßóÇáúÍóÏøö áóÇ ÊõÖúãóäõ ÓóÑóÇíóÊõåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ ßóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö¡ æóÝöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö] (1) ßóÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö¡ æóÖóÑúÈö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ¡ æóÖóÑúÈö ÇáÑøóÇÆöÖö áöáÏøóÇÈøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÄóÏøöÈö áöáÕøóÈöíøö¡ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ ÝóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÖúãóäõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÈóÇÍñ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóãóÇáößò ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ (2) . æóÞöíáó: íóÖúãóäõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö Ïõæäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö [ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöãõÞóÏøóÑò] (3) áöÃóäøó áóåõ ÊóÑúßóåõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÞöíáó: íóÖúãóäõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ áöÃóäøó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎúØóÃó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóáöÝó Èöåö.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí: Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÃãÑ ÈÑÌã ÍÇãá]
ÝóÕúáñ (4)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (5) : " æóßóÇäó Þóáöíáó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö: ÃóãóÑó (6) ÈöÑóÌúãö ÍóÇãöáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ (7) : Åöäú ßóÇäó áóßó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÓóÈöíáñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó áóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ÈóØúäöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãúÓóßó¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóæúáóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóåóáóßó ÚõãóÑõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð ÝóáóÇ ÊóÎúáõæ ãöäú Ãóäú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (Í) ¡ (í) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÝóÕúáñ: Ýöí (ä) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(5) Ýöí (ß) Õ 137 (ã) .
(6) ß: æóÃóãóÑó.
(7) ß: ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(6/41)
íóßõæäõ ÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóÚúáóãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóÇãöáñ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Úóáöíøñ ÈöÍóãúáöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøóÉó áöáúÞóÊúáö Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÌúãö ÍóÇãöáñ¡ ÝóÚóÑøóÝóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÍóÇáöåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáúãõÛóíøóÈóÇÊö¡ æóãöäú ÌöäúÓö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö ÚöäúÏóåõ ÇáÔøõåõæÏõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ ãóÚó ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóÏú ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ßóæúäõ ÇáúÍóÇãöáö áóÇ ÊõÑúÌóãõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóßøóÑóåõ Úóáöíøñ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÓóßó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇãöáó ÊõÑúÌóãó áóÑóÌóãóåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÑóÃúíö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ãóÖóÊú ÓõäøóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó «- Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉö¡ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøöí ÍõÈúáóì ãöäó ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÇÐúåóÈöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóÖóÚöíåö» " (1) . æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö Úöáúãõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÚóÑóÝóåõ¡ áóãú íóÞúÏóÍú Ðóáößó Ýöíåöº áöÃóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÓóÇÓó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóåúáó ÇáÐøöãøóÉö¡ íõÚúØöí ÇáúÍõÞõæÞó¡ æóíõÞöíãõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó¡ æóíóÍúßõãõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóÝöí Òóãóäöåö ÇäúÊóÔóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó ÙõåõæÑðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáóåõ ãöËúáõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ íóÞúÖöí æóíõÝúÊöí¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ßóËúÑóÉõ Úöáúãöåö áóãú íõØöÞú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÝöíóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÞóÖöíøóÉñ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÞóÖöíøóÉò Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÝóåóÇ (2) ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó äóÓöíóåóÇ ÝóÐóßóÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÚóíúÈò Ýöí Ðóáößó¿ !
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(1) ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÒóäóÊú Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈóÊú æóØóáóÈóÊú ÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍóÏøö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÓóíóÑöÏõ ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 174 æóÓóÃóÐúßõÑõ åõäóÇßó ãóæóÇÖöÚó æõÑõæÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1323 æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ÅöãøóÇ áóÇ¡ ÝóÇÐúåóÈöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóáöÏöí¡ æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/212 - 213 Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/180¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/348 ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ÇÑúÌöÚöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóáöÏöí.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: Ëõãøó ßóÇäó ÚóÑóÝóåóÇ.(6/42)
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÖúÚóÇÝõ Ðóáößó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ãóÇÊó æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõ.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ÈóáóÛó ãöäú Úöáúãöåö æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ (1) ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÝúÑöÖõ áöáÕøóÛöíÑö (2) ÍóÊøóì íõÝúØóãó (3) ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: íóßúÝöíåö ÇááøóÈóäó¡ ÝóÓóãöÚó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÊõßúÑöåõ ÇÈúäóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöØóÇãö áöíõÝúÑóÖó áóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ÝóäóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö: Ãóäøó ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóÝúÑöÖõ áöáúÝóØöíãö æóÇáÑøóÖöíÚö (4) . æóÊóÖóÑøõÑõ ÇáÑøóÖöíÚö ßóÇäó ÈöÅößúÑóÇåö Ãõãøöåö áóÇ ÈöÝöÚúáöåö åõæó¡ áóßöäú ÑóÃóì Ãóäú íõÝúÑóÖó áöáÑøõÖóÚóÇÁö áöíóãúÊóäöÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäú ÅöíÐóÇÆöåöãú (5) . ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÍúÓóÇäõåõ Åöáóì ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÊóÚóÏøóì ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÌóÇäöí ßóÇäó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó (6) . æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáúÌóÇäöí ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Ýöí ÚõÞõæÈóÉö ãóäú áóãú íóÌúäö¡ ÏóÝóÚó ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏóíúäö ÈöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÃóÏúäóÇåõãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóãóì «ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóåúáó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö ÈöÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö» (7) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞó ÞóÏú íõÕöíÈõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäó.
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(1) Í¡ È: Ãóäú.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: áöÕóÛöíÑò.
(3) ã: ÍóÊøóì íõØúÚóãó.
(4) Ñ¡ í: áöáÑøóÖöíÚö æóáöáúÝóØöíãö.
(5) Í¡ È: ÃóÐóÇåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ¡ Í: ßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ È: ßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
(7) Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò Ø. ÈóíúÑõæÊó 1376 1957 æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÞóÈöíÕóÉõ Èúäõ ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ËóæúÑö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÕóÈó ÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ýöí ÒóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö 3/496 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åöÔóÇãò Ýöí ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö 4/126: æóÑóãóÇåõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ãóäú ÃóËöÞõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Ñóãóì Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö¡ Ñóãóì Ãóåúáó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÑøóãúíö ÈöÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö Ýöí ÌóæóÇãöÚö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö Õ 243¡ ÅöãúÊóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö 1/417 - 418(6/43)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó «ÇáÕøóÚúÈó Èúäó ÌóËøóÇãóÉó ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó íóÈöíÊõæäó ÝóíõÕóÇÈõ ãöäú ÐóÑóÇÑöíøöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " åõãú ãöäúåõãú» " (1) .
æóáóæú ÕóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ (2) ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ Úóáóì ÇáäøõÝõæÓö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúÏóÝöÚú ÕöíóÇáõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåóÇ (3) ÞõÊöáóÊú¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÊöáó ÌóäöíäõåóÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ùóäøó Ãóäøó ÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö (4) ¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÈöÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö íóæúãó ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÝúÖóì Åöáóì ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ãóÚó äóÙóÑöåö æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ áóÇ íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó íóÈúáõÛõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó¡ æóáóæú Úóáöãó Ðóáößó áóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÚúÈö Èúäö ÌóËøóÇãóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/61 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøóÇÑö íóÈöíÊõæäó ÝóíõÕóÇÈõ ÇáúæöáúÏóÇäõ æóÇáÐøóÑóÇÑöíøõ. .) ãõÓúáöãò 3/1364 - 1365 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö ÈóÇÈö ÌóæóÇÒö ÞóÊúáö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇÊö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚóãøõÏò¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/73 - 74 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÞóÊúáö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö.
(2) ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(3) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåóÇ) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) .
(4) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .(6/44)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí: Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÃãÑ ÈÑÌã ãÌäæäÉ]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÑóÌúãö ãóÌúäõæäóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóáóãó ÑõÝöÚó Úóäö ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÍóÊøóì íóÝöíÞó¡ ÝóÃóãúÓóßó¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóæúáóÇ Úóáöíøñ áóåóáóßó ÚõãóÑõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉð Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (3) . æóÑóÌúãõ ÇáúãóÌúäõæäóÉö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóãú íóÚúáóãú ÈöÌõäõæäöåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ðóáößó Ýöí Úöáúãöåö ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÐóÇåöáðÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÝóÐõßøöÑó ÈöÐóáößó¡ Ãóæú íóÙõäøõ ÇáÙøóÇäøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáÖøóÑóÑö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ ÞóÏú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ áöÏóÝúÚö ÚõÏúæóÇäöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö¡ æóÇáÒøöäóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö¡ ÝóíõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÍõÏõæÏö Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÞóÇãõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö.
æóÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãõÑõæåõãú ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÓóÈúÚò¡ æóÇÖúÑöÈõæåõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöÚóÔúÑò¡ æóÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÖóÇÌöÚö» " (4) .
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí (ß) Õ 138 (ã) .
(3) ÓóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó äóÕøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò Õ [0 - 9] 9 æóåõæó: ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÞóáóãö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÍóÊøóì íóÍúÊóáöãó¡ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÍóÊøóì íóÝöíÞó¡ æóÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóíúÞöÙó¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/185.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌöÏøöåö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/193 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈö ãóÊóì íõÄúãóÑõ ÇáúÛõáóÇãõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 10/217 - 218 æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 1/197(6/45)
æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇáó æóáóãú íóäúÏóÝöÚú ÕöíóÇáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö ÞõÊöáó¡ Èóáö ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇáóÊú æóáóãú íóäúÏóÝöÚú ÕöíóÇáõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåóÇ ÞõÊöáóÊú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóãúáõæßóÉð áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì ÞóÇÊöáöåóÇ ÖóãóÇäñ áöáúãóÇáößö ÚöäúÏó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÖúãóäõåóÇ áöáúãóÇáößö áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÊóáóåóÇ áöãóÕúáóÍóÊöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÊóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúãóÕóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ íóÞõæáõæäó: åõäóÇßó ÞóÊúáõåóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈò ãöäúåõ áóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÚõÏúæóÇäöåóÇ (1) ¡ æóåõäóÇ ÞóÊúáõåóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÚõÏúæóÇäöåóÇ (2) .
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÞóÊúáõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ ßóÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö¡ áöÏóÝúÚö ÚõÏúæóÇäöåöãú [ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ (3) ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö] (4) ßóÞóÊúáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÛóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÊö æóÈöÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö æóÞóÊúáöåöãú áöÏóÝúÚö ÕöíÇáöåöãú.
æóÍóÏöíËõ: " «ÑõÝöÚó ÇáúÞóáóãõ Úóäú ËóáóÇËóÉò» " ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÅöËúãö áóÇ [íóÏõáøõ] (5) Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáúÍóÏøö (6) ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãõÞóÏøöãóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóäú áóÇ Þóáóãó Úóáóíúåö áóÇ ÍóÏøó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁñº ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóÇ Þóáóãó Úóáóíúåö (7) ÞóÏú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ¡ æóÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì Úöáúãò ÎóÝöíøò¡ æóáóæö ÇÓúÊóßúÑóåó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÏóÝöÚú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ ÝóáóåóÇ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ Èóáú ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
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(1) ä: ÚóÏóÇæóÊöåóÇ.
(2) ä: ÚóÏóÇæóÊöåóÇ.
(3) í: æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) íóÏõáøõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Í¡ È: ÑõÝöÚó.
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .(6/46)
Ýóáóæö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Ãóäøó ÇáÒøöäóÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Ýóãóäö ÇÈúÊóÛóì æóÑóÇÁó Ðóáößó ÝóÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáúÚóÇÏõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 7] ÝóíóÞúÊõáõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÌúäõæäó¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÍóÏøõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇãõ (1) ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ áóãú íóÚúáóãö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó¡ áóãú íõÔóäøóÚú Úóáóíúåö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÔóäøóÚó ÈöÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó åõæó ÚõÞõæÈóÉñ áóåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõæäó ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãõæÇ ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈó æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó [ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇÊóáóåõãú (2) Úóáöíøñ] (3) áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó áóåõãú ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌõÒú áöÚóáöíøò ÞöÊóÇáõåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÐóäúÈñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÐúäöÈöíäó ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ (4) : Åöäøóåõãú ÊóÑóßõæÇ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉó¡ áóßöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú - áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåöãú ØóÇÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò æóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøõÈóåóÇÊö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ãóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Úöáúãóåõãú ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÌóÇÒó ÞöÊóÇáõ ãóäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝóÚóáó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ¿ áóãú íóßõäú ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÞóÏúÍðÇ Ýöí ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÚõãóÑó¿ !
áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÔúÑóÚõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú ãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÊóÑúßö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÈöÊóÑúßöåö.
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(1) ä: ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö.
(2) Í¡ È: ÞóÊóáóåõãú.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) .
(4) Í¡ È: ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú.(6/47)
æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößóº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó áóãú íõÍóÕøöáö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉó¡ Èóáú ÒóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÚöÕúíóÇäõ ÇáäøóÇÓö áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÚóÕóÇåõ æóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåö ÎóæóÇÑöÌõ ãöäú ÚóÓúßóÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇÊóáóåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÌóíúÔöåö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõåõãú (1) áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõØöíÚöíäó áóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÃóØúæóÚó áóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÇáúÞöÊóÇáö íõÍóÕøöáõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉó.
Þöíáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãóÛúÝõæÑðÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóì Åöáóì ÞóÊúáö ÃõáõæÝò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏõ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ ÃóÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ Ýöí ÞóÊúáö æóÇÍöÏò¡ áóæú ÞõÊöáó áóÍóÕóáó Èöåö äóæúÚõ ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ãöäó ÇáÒøóÌúÑö Úóäö ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö¡ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏðÇ ãóÛúÝõæÑðÇ¿ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áóãú íóÞúÊõáúåõ¡ Èóáú åóãøó Èöåö æóÊóÑóßóåõ.
æóæóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Ýöí ÇáÓøöíóÇÓóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÃóÍúæóÌõ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö (2) Ýöí ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö¡ æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóãú íóßõäú íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäó áóíúÓó ÈöãõßóáøóÝò: áóßöäøó (3) ÇáúãõÔúßöáó Ãóäøó ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãõßóáøóÝò: åóáú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¿ åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚñ ãõÔúÊóÈóåñº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó Ýöí ÏóÝúÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò¡ æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó áöÍõÕõæáö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáúÛõáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúÎöÖúÑõ ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ
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(1) Ñ¡ í¡ ã: Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú.
(2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(3) áóßöäøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(6/48)
ßóÇäó áóãú íóÈúáõÛö [ÇáúÍõáõãó] (1) æóÞóÊóáóåõ áöÏóÝúÚö Õóæúáöåö Úóáóì ÃóÈóæóíúåö ÈöÃóäú íõÑúåöÞóåõãóÇ ØõÛúíóÇäðÇ æóßõÝúÑðÇ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÑõÝöÚó ÇáúÞóáóãõ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÍóÊøóì íóÍúÊóáöãó¡ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÍóÊøóì íóÝöíÞó¡ æóÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóíúÞöÙó» " (2) ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÑóÝúÚó ÇáúãóÃúËóãö áóÇ ÑóÝúÚó ÇáÖøóãóÇäö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóÊúáóÝõæÇ äóÝúÓðÇ Ãóæú ãóÇáðÇ Öóãöäõæåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÑóÞó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæú Òóäóì Ãóæú ÞóØóÚó ÇáØøóÑöíÞó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Úöáúãñ ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõäúÝóÕöáò ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäó æóÇáÕøóÛöíÑó ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöãõãóíøóÒò áóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ ÈóÏóäöíøóÉñ ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÕøöíóÇãö æóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ßóÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóËúãóÇäö¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉöº ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ - ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó -: ÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãõßóáøóÝò ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ - ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó -: Èóáö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö ÇáúãóÇáöíøóÉö ßóÇáúÚõÔúÑö æóÕóÏóÞóÉö ÇáúÝöØúÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÞóÏú ÊóÔúÊóÈöåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö: åóáú ÊóÌöÈõ Ýöí ãóÇáöåö Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö ÞóÏú ÊõÔúÊóÈóåõ: åóáú íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÈöåóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ áöÃóäøó ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ýöí ÐöãøóÊöåö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ [æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Ýöí ÐöãøóÊöåö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö] (3) æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ íóÔúÊóÈöåõ: åóáú åõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ãóæú åóÐóÇ¿
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(1) ÇáúÍõáõãó: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 45
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/49)
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊõ: ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Èöåö (1) ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ ßóÇáúÞóÊúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäó áóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Èöåö¡ ßóÏóÝúÚö ÕöíóÇáöåö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÞóÏú íõÔúÊóÈóåõ.
æóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ßóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÇáúãõãóíøóÒö íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉö ÊóÚúÒöíÑðÇ ÈóáöíÛðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ íõÖúÑóÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ (2) áöíóäúÒóÌöÑó¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó (3) ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÞóÊúáñ Ãóæú ÞóØúÚñ åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÓúÞõØõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö ÍóÊøóì íõÚóÇÈó ãóäú ÎóÝöíóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãóåóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö - Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú - íóßõæäõ áóåõ ÍóÇáõ ÅöÝóÇÞóÉò æóÚóÞúáò¡ ÝóáóÚóáøó ÚõãóÑó Ùóäøó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÒóäóÊú Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÚóÞúáöåóÇ æóÅöÝóÇÞóÊöåóÇ¡ æóáóÝúÙõ " ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö " (4) íõÞóÇáõ (5) Úóáóì ãóäú Èöåö ÇáúÌõäõæäõ ÇáúãõØúÈóÞõ (6) ¡ æóÇáúÌõäõæäõ ÇáúÎóÇäöÞõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÓøöãõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÌúäõæäó Åöáóì åóÐóíúäö ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÌõäõæäõ ÇáúãõØúÈóÞõ Þóáöíáñ¡ æóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ åõæó ÇáúÎóÇäöÞõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóØóÇÚöäö Ýöí ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÔóíúÆóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ äóÞúÕõ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ äóÞúÕõ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóäóÍúäõ ÇáúÂäó Ýöí ÐößúÑöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ãóäúÚö ÝóÇØöãóÉó æóãõÍóÇÈóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÓóãö æóÏóÑúÁö ÇáúÍóÏøö (7) æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ í: ãóÇ áóÇ íõÄóÇÎóÐõ¡ Ñ: ãóÇ áóÇ íõÄóÇÎóÐõ Èöåö.
(2) ÝóÚóáóåõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÚóáó.
(3) Í¡ È: ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö.
(4) ä¡ í: ÇáúÌõäõæäö.
(5) ä¡ ã: íõØúáóÞõ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ.
(7) Í¡ È¡ í: ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö.(6/50)
ÚóÇÏöáðÇ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö áöáúÎóÇÕøö æóÇáúÚóÇãøö Ãóäøó ÚóÏúáó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãóáóÃó ÇáúÂÝóÇÞó¡ æóÕóÇÑó íõÖúÑóÈõ Èöåö ÇáúãóËóáõ¡ ßóãóÇ Þöíáó: ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇáúÚõãóÑóíúäö¡ æóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑöåö [ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö] (1) . æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö (2) æóÇáäøóÍúæö.
æóíóßúÝöí ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÔóÏøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÊóÚóäøõÊðÇ (3) ¡ ÑóÇÖõæäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÓöíÑóÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ Úóáöíøò ßóÇäõæÇ íõÞóÏøöãõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ßóËöíÑõ Èúäõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáúÝöáóÓúØöíäöíøõ (4) ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÛóÇáöÈö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ØõÚöäó ÚõãóÑõ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö ÑöÌóÇáñ¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚõãóÑõ íóÌõæÏõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóåõæó íóÈúßöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóãóÇ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÈúßöí ÌóÒóÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÔóæúÞðÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÎóÇÝõ åóæúáó ÇáúãóØúáóÚö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúßö íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãúÊó ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõßó ÝóÊúÍðÇ¡ æóáóÞóÏú
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáúÚöáúãö.
(3) Í¡ È: ÊóÚóÕøõÈðÇ.
(4) Ñ¡ Í: ßóËöíÑõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÏö Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÝöáóÓúØöíäöíøö¡ ä¡ ã¡ È: ßóËöíÑõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÏóÇäó ÇáúÝöáóÓúØöíäöíøõ¡ í: ßóËöíÑõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÏóÇäó Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÝöáóÓúØöíäöíøö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÃõËúÈöÊõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ßóËöíÑõ Èúäõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáúÝöåúÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ¡ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: íóßúÐöÈõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö. æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ. ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊóåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Þ [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 157¡ ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/409 - 410¡ áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö 4/483 - 484(6/51)
ÃõãøöÑúÊó ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇÑóÊõßó ÝóÊúÍðÇ¡ æóáóÞóÏú ãóáóÃúÊó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÚóÏúáðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú ÑóÌõáóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íóßõæäõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÊõÐúßóÑõ ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÖöíóÇ ÈöÞóæúáößó (1) æóÞóäöÚóÇ Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÌúáöÓõæäöí¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóáóÓó ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÚöÏú Úóáóíøó ßóáóÇãóßó íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú (2) ¡ ÝóÃóÚóÇÏóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÊóÔúåóÏõ áöí ÈöåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÃóäóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏõ áóßó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáöíøñ íóÔúåóÏõ áóßó¡ æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÌóÇáöÓñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: äóÚóãú íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (3) .
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÈúÍóËõæäó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõãú ÛóÑóÖñ ãóÚó ÃóÍóÏò¡ Èóáú íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó Þóæúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö (4) ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÞóæúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö (5) ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ ãöäú ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ßóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ãöËúáó ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ æóÎóÇÑöÌóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÛóíúÑö åóÄõáóÇÁö.
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(1) Ñ: ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÖöíóÇ ÈöÐóáößó.
(2) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú) Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ÝóÞóØú.
(3) Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑöÈóÉò ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " Õ 193¡ æóäóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáöíøñ æóäóÇÌöí ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøõ Ýöí " ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó " Õ 528
(4) Í¡ È: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö.
(5) È¡ ä¡ ã: ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉó ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 7/23 - 24.(6/52)
æóãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ßóÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößö Èúäö ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúãóÇÌöÔõæäö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóãöËúáõ ØóÇæõÓò ÇáúíóãóÇäöíøö¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÚóØóÇÁò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó ãóæúáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãöËúáõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãóßøóÉó.
æóãöËúáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÃóÈöí ÇáÔøóÚúËóÇÁö¡ æóãõØóÑøöÝö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÔøöÎøöíÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö Úóæúäò¡ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò (1) .
æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú ãöËúáõ ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ æóÔõÑóíúÍò ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ æóÚóÇãöÑñ ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÍóßóãõ Èúäõ ÚõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ æóãóäúÕõæÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö¡ Åöáóì ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ æóÔóÑöíßò¡ Åöáóì æóßöíÚö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáöåöãú.
Ëõãøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò¡ æóÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ
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(1) æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ýöí (ä) ¡ (È) ÝóÞóØú.(6/53)
íõÍúÕöí ÚóÏóÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúäóÇÝö ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ßõáøõåõãú ÎóÇÖöÚõæäó áöÚóÏúáö ÚõãóÑó æóÚöáúãöåö.
[ßáÇã ÇáÚáãÇÁ Ýí ãäÇÞÈ ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãóäóÇÞöÈó ÚõãóÑóº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÓöíóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóÓöíÑóÊöåö¡ ßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó (1) : " ãóÇ ÏóÇÑó ÇáúÝóáóßõ Úóáóì Ôóßúáöåö¡ ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ -: ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÍúæóÐöíøðÇ äóÓöíÌó æóÍúÏöåö¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÚóÏøó áöáúÃõãõæÑö ÃóÞúÑóÇäóåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÊóÞõæáõ: ÒóíøöäõæÇ ãóÌóÇáöÓóßõãú ÈöÐößúÑö ÚõãóÑó (2) . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ÃóÝóÑóÓõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉð: ÇÈúäóÉõ (3) ÕóÇÍöÈö ãóÏúíóäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáóÊú: {íóÇÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ Åöäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑúÊó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 26] æóÎóÏöíÌóÉõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó " (4) .
æóßõáøõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÚóÏúáó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÃóÊóãøó ãöäú ÚóÏúáö ãóäú æóáöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÚöáúãóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÊóãøó ãöäú Úöáúãö ãóäú æóáöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
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(1) áóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáÊøóÇáöíó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøö ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÉö æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóíúäó íóäúÊóåöí ßóáóÇãõåõ¡ æóÑóÌøóÍúÊõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÂÎöÑõåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáÏøöíÈõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö " Ø. ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáúßõæóíúÊö 1401 1981 Õ 59 Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÕóÇÏöÑó ÊõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÔøóÇãöáö íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÎóãúÓóÉö ãõÌóáøóÏóÇÊò¡ æóÃóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚó ãöäúåõ áóíúÓó ßõáøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ßóáóÇãõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÈóÚúÏó Þóáöíáò Õ 62
(3) È: ÈöäúÊõ.
(4) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 3/90 æóäóÕøõåõ: Åöäøó ÃóÝóÑóÓó ÇáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉñ: ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ Íöíäó ÊóÝóÑøóÓó Ýöí íõæÓõÝó ÝóÞóÇáó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö: ÃóßúÑöãöí ãóËúæóÇåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÃóÊú ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áöÃóÈöíåóÇ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÝóÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ áóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöåóÐóÇ) ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ.(6/54)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ (1) Èóíúäó ÓöíÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÓöíÑóÉö ãóäú æóáöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÝóÃóãúÑñ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝóÊúåõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ æóÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉõº ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÚúãóÇáñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ¡ æóÓöíÑóÉñ ÈóíøöäóÉñ¡ íóÙúåóÑõ áöÚõãóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú ÍõÓúäö ÇáäøöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÛóÑóÖö¡ æóÞóãúÚö Çáúåóæóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãóÇ ÑóÂßó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÓóÇáößðÇ ÝóÌøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Óóáóßó ÝóÌøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÝóÌøößó» " (2) ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÈöåóæóÇåõ¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÞóãóÚó åóæóÇåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóæú áóãú ÃõÈúÚóËú Ýöíßõãú áóÈõÚöËó Ýöíßõãú ÚõãóÑõ» (3) ".
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(1) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÇáÊøóÝóÇÖõáõ.
(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò æóÓóíóÑöÏõ Ýöí Õ 70 ãõØóæøóáðÇ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÓóÚúÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö¡ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/126 ßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÇÈö ÕöÝóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÌõäõæÏöåö 5/11 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÚöäúÏóåõ äöÓóÇÁñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò íõßóáøöãúäóåõ¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö ãóÇ áóÞöíóßó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÞóØøõ ÓóÇáößðÇ ÝóÌøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Óóáóßó ÝóÌøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÝóÌøößó.
(3) ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÈóÚúÏó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 69 æóäóÕøó åõäóÇßó Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóæóÌóÏúÊõ ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøó ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö æóÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ: ÚõÏøóº Ãóíú: ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò Ýöí ÇáúßóÇãöáö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÛóÑöíÈñ. ßÑ (Ãóíö: ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö) Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÚõÏøó Úóäú ÈöáóÇáò æóäóÇÍó æóÞóÇáó ÚõÏøó: ÛóíúÑó ãóÍúÝõæÙò¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö 1/320 - 321 ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇäö ÍóÏöíËóÇäö áóÇ íóÕöÍøóÇäö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÈóíøóäó ÓóÈóÈó æóÖúÚöåöãóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/428 ÑóÞúãó 676 æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÅöÈúåóÇãö ÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøö áóåõ Ýöí ÇááøóÂáöÆö ÇáúãóÕúäõæÚóÉö 1/302¡ æóÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö Õ 336¡ æóÅöáóì ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúãõÚóáøöãöí Õ 337 ÈöãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì æóÖúÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÑóÞúãó 677¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ.(6/55)
æóÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó æóÞóáúÈöåö» " (1) .
æóæóÇÝóÞó ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏóÉò äóÒóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÞóÇáó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ßõäøóÇ äóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóßöíäóÉó ÊóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ áößóãóÇáö äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÊóãøóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÑóÈøößó ÕöÏúÞðÇ æóÚóÏúáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 115] ÝóÇááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÈóÚóËó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÚóÏúáöº Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÊóãøó ÚöáúãðÇ æóÚóÏúáðÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÚõãóÑó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö æóÇáúÚóÏúáö ÙóÇåöÑñ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÝóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÑóÃúíöåö æóÎöÈúÑóÊöåö ÈöãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõãú æóãóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÇáøóÊöí áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáñ æóáöÛóíúÑöåö ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáñº ÝóÅöäøó ÕóæóÇÈó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö æóãõæóÇÝóÞóÊóåõ áöáäøõÕõæÕö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÕóæóÇÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò.
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(1) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙö: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóÈöáóÝúÙò: æóÖóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóÈöáóÝúÙò: ÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/191 - 192 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌö æóÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÊóÏúæöíäö ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/280 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/40 ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 7/155¡ 8/77 Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 2/401¡ 5/145¡ 165¡ 177
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.(6/56)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö Ãóãúíóáó¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõåõãú ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãóÐóÇåöÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö Ãóåúáõ ãóÏöíäóÉò ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåõãú ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö Þóæúáö ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò.
¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõæäó¡ ÝóÇáØøóÈóÞóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäúåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò íõÞóÏøöãõæäó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó ÍóÊøóì ÞõÖóÇÊõåõ (1) ÔõÑóíúÍñ æóÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó [æóÚóáöíøò] Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö æóÍúÏóåõ (2) .
ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚõãóÑó ÞóØøõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäóÇ íõÎóíøóáõ áöí Ãóäøó Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö ãóáóßðÇ íõÓóÏøöÏõåõ (3) . æóÑóæóì ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóßöíäóÉó ÊóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó (4) . æóÞóÇáó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúíóãóÇäö: ßóÇäó
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÍóÊøóì ÞóÖóì Èöåö.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃõËúÈöÊõåõ.
(3) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/247¡ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: Åöäøóåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/72 æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó æóÑöÌóÇáõ ÃóÍóÏöåóÇ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(4) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/249 ÑóÞúãó 310 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÓóæöíøó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö (ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 2/147 æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑò: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö 1/42 æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/67: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/330 ÑóÞúãó 470 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÓóäóÏóåõ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ãóäúÓõæÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøóåõ æóÑóÏó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú Ê 1 Õ 249¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 1/270 Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙò: ßõäøóÇ äóÑóì æóäóÍúäõ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÑõæäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóßöíäóÉó ÊóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãøóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(6/57)
ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúãõÞúÈöáö¡ áóÇ íóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞõÑúÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ßóÇäó ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúãõÏúÈöÑö áóÇ íóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ãóÇ ÒöáúäóÇ ÃóÚöÒøóÉð ãõäúÐõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ (1) . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõæäó ÝóÍóíúåóáóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó¡ ßóÇäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ äóÕúÑðÇ¡ æóÅöãóÇÑóÊõåõ ÝóÊúÍðÇ (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÚúáóãóäóÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÝúÞóåóäóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÚúÑóÝóäóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóÇááøóåö áóåõæó ÃóÈúíóäõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÓøóÇÚöíäó¡ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ Èóíøöäñ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ (3)
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÞúãó 368 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: Åöäøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÑóÞúãó 372 æóÍóÓøóäó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÓóäóÏóåõ ÑóÞúãó 615 ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÌöÏú ÃóÍóÏó ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 1/257 æóÞóÇáó: ÎóÑøóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/11 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó 5/48 ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÓúáóÇãö ÚõãóÑó.
(2) ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 340¡ 353¡ 357 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöíåö ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì Þóæúáõåõ ÝóÍóíúåóáóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó¡ æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÓóäóÏóåóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãõØóæøóáðÇ æóáóßöäú ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 356¡ 475 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÓóäóÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉõ: ßóÇäó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ äóÕúÑðÇ æóÅöãóÇÑóÊõåõ ÝóÊúÍðÇ¡ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑóÈóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóËóÑö ÑóÞúãó 307 æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞö ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/67¡ 77¡ 78
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ýöí (ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö) ÇáúÃõæáóì 9 æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Ýöí æóÝóÇÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ãóÑøóÉð ËóÇäöíóÉð Ööãúäó ÃóËóÑò Øóæöíáò 9/77 - 78 æóÝöíåö (ÝóæóÇááøóåö Ýóåöíó ÃóÈúíóäõ ãÑ ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÓøóíúáóÍöíäö) æóÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó æóÑöÌóÇáõ ÃóÍóÏöåóÇ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ãõØóæøóáðÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 214.(6/58)
æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: áóæú Ãóäøó Úöáóãó ÚõãóÑó æõÖöÚó Ýöí ßöÝøóÉö ãöíÒóÇäò¡ æóæõÖöÚó Úöáúãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò áóÑóÌóÍó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøöí áóÃóÍúÓóÈõ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÈöÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóÚúÔóÇÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÅöäøöí áóÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÃóÚúÔóÇÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÐóåóÈó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó íóæúãó ÃõÕöíÈó (1) .
æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÎõÐõæÇ ÈöÑóÃúíöåö (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáäøóåúÏöíøõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ãöíÒóÇäðÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ (3) .
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ æóÃóÖúÚóÇÝõåóÇ ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó¡ æóÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ ÇáúÃóËóÑóíúäö Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/69 Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÝúÙò: áóæú Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÚõãóÑó æõÖöÚó Ýöí ßöÝøóÉö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö æóæõÖöÚó Úöáúãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò áóÑóÌóÍó Úöáúãõåõ ÈöÚöáúãöåöãú¡ ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ: ÝóÃóäúßóÑúÊõ Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÊóíúÊõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÝóÐóßóÑúÊõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑúÊó ãöäú Ðóáößó¿ ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÃóÚúÔõÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÐóåóÈó íóæúãó ÐóåóÈó ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó¡ æóÑöÌóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÃóÓóÏö Èúäö ãõæÓóì æóåõæó ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóËóÑó ãõØóæøóáðÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 214
(2) ÌóÇÁó ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÃóËóÑö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/264 ÑóÞúãó 342¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ. . . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
(3) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/259 ÑóÞúãó 332 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ÈöÑóÞúãö 47 æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.(6/59)
ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóíúÓõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ãóÇ ÒöáúäóÇ ÃóÚöÒøóÉð ãõäúÐõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ (1) . æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Çááøóåõãøó ÃóÚöÒøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÈöÃóÈöí Ìóåúáö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò Ãóæú ÈöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ". ÞóÇáó: ÝóÛóÏóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÃóÓúáóãó íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " ÃóÚöÒøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÈöÃóÍóÈøö åóÐóíúäö ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö Åöáóíúßó» " (2) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáäøóÖúÑõ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÔúÑößõæäó: ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÕóÝó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ãöäøóÇ (3) .
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝúÍóÊóíúäö Õ 58 æóÇáÓøóäóÏõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ åõäóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÞóáöíáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/279 - 280¡ ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÚóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÇáäøóÖúÑö ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó æóåõæó íóÑúæöí ãóäóÇßöíÑó¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 1/39 ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÈóÇÈö ÝóÖúáö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÈöáóÝúÙö: Çááøóåõãøó ÃóÚöÒøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 8/76 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3/83 Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò æóÌóÇÁó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/249 - 250¡ ÑóÞúãó 311¡ 312 æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 1/257
(3) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/248 ÑóÞúãó 308 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÇáäøóÖúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÎóÒøóÇÒö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ 3/85¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÍöãøóÇäöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÊóáúÎöíÕöåö¡ æóÝöí ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåöãóÇ áóåõ äóÙóÑñ¡ ÅöÐú ßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ÕóÍöíÍó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÝöíåö ÇáäøóÖúÑõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó æóåõæó ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/62¡ 65 ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÇáäøóÖúÑõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó æóåõæó ãóÊúÑõæßñ.(6/60)
æóÑóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãóäöíÚò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÚúÔóÑò¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÍóÇÆöØðÇ ÍóÕöíäðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöíåö æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõæäó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ ÇäúËóáóãó ÇáúÍóÇÆöØõ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÇÓõ Çáúíóæúãó íóÎúÑõÌõæäó ãöäúåõ (1) .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö (2) ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú Ãõãøö Ãóíúãóäó ÞóÇáóÊú: æóåöíó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ íóæúãó ãóÇÊó ÚõãóÑõ (3) .
æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÑöÈúÚöíøò¡ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúãõÞúÈöáö áóÇ íóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞõÑúÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ßóÇäó ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáúãõÏúÈöÑö áóÇ íóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ (4) .
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(1) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 213¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÍöÕúäðÇ ÍóÕöíäðÇ. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑóÈóÉò Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ 1/271 ÑóÞúãó 357 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ 3/93 Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌõÍóíúÝóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÈóÚúÖóåõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáäøõÌõæÏö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/78 ÞõáúÊõ: ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ 9/77 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/338 - 339 ÑóÞúãó 486 ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÞóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÇáó: æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò 3/371 äóÍúæóåõ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò äóÍúæóåõ ÈöÈóÚúÖöåö¡ æóÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 2/103 - 104.
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÑóæóì ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö.
(3) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 216 æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/245 ÑóÞúãó 303 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ.
(4) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 214 æóÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 2/104¡ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö 3/373.(6/61)
æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÇÌöÔõæäö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí Úóæúäò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò: ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - ÊóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÎõáöÞó ÛöäóÇÁð áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ßóÇäó æóÇááøóåö ÃóÍúæóÐöíøðÇ (1) äóÓöíÌó æóÍúÏöåö¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÚóÏøó áöáúÃõãõæÑö ÃóÞúÑóÇäóåóÇ (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí " ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö ": " ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÐóÇ ÔóßöíãóÉò áóÇ íõÑóÇãõ ãóÇ æóÑóÇÁó ÙóåúÑöåö¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó Èöåö [ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì ÚóÒøõæÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú äõÕóáøöíó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÇÊóáó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ ÍóÊøóì Õóáøóì] (3) ÚöäúÏó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö æóÕóáøóíúäóÇ ãóÚóåõ ".
æóßóÐóáößó ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúäóÏðÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáØøóäóÇÝöÓöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ãóÇ ÒöáúäóÇ ÃóÚöÒøóÉð ãõäúÐõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÇááøóåö áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊóäóÇ æóãóÇ äóÓúÊóØöíÚõ Ãóäú äõÕóáøöíó ÈöÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÙóÇåöÑöíäó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÞóÇÊóáóåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÑóßõæäóÇ ÝóÕúáóíúäóÇ (4) .
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(1) Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (Ñ) ßõÊöÈó ãóÇ íóáöí: ÃóÍúæóÐöíøñ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÓõßõæäö ÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúæóÇæö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáÐøóÇáö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáúíóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÎóÝöíÝõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúíö áöÍöÐúÞöåö.
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Õ 215 æóÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ 2/105¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÚõãóÑó áöáØøóäúØóÇæöíøóíúäö Õ 550¡ æóÞóÇáóÇ: æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÐöíøõ ÇáúãõÔóãøöÑõ áöáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑõ áóåóÇ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) æóÌóÇÁó ÝöíåöãóÇ: ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 1/256 - 257 æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/278 ÑóÞúãó 370 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚöåö æóåõæó Ýöí ÓöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö åöÔóÇãò 1/342 æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ãóÌúãóÚó ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/63 ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ áóãú íõÏúÑößúåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóÇ ÒöáúäóÇ ÃóÚöÒøóÉð ãõäúÐõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÓöãó áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÌóÏøóåõ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò.(6/62)
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó ãöäú æõÌõæåò ËóÇÈöÊóÉò Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò¡ Úóäú ÛõÖóíúÝò¡ «Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó íóÞõæáõ Èöåö ". æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó (1) æóÞóáúÈõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÞóáúÈõåõ æóáöÓóÇäõåõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ãóÑúæöíøñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó (2) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóßöíäóÉó ÊóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó¡ ËóÈóÊó åóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÍóÏöíËöåö (3) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö» " (4) .
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäú ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áóíõÍóÏøöËó ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóíóßúÐöÈõ ÇáúßöÐúÈóÉó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÇÍúÈöÓú åóÐöåö¡ Ëõãøó íõÍóÏøöËõåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÇÍúÈöÓú åóÐöåö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊõßó Èöåö ÍóÞøñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊóäöí Ãóäú ÃóÍúÈöÓóåõ.
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) (È) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò Õ 56 æóÚóáøóÞúÊõ Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ 56¡ Õ 57 æóÚóáøóÞúÊõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Õ 57.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 20¡ 21(6/63)
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó: Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " ÈóÚóËó ÌóíúÔðÇ æóÃóãøóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÏúÚóì ÓóÇÑöíóÉó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÈóíúäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ (1) íóÎúØõÈõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÕöíÍõ Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö: íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó¡ íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÏöãó ÑóÓõæáõ ÇáúÌóíúÔö¡ ÝóÓóÃóáóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áóÞöíäóÇ ÚóÏõæøóäóÇ ÝóåóÒóãõæäóÇ (2) ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈöÕóÇÆöÍò: íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó¡ íóÇ ÓóÇÑöíóÉõ ÇáúÌóÈóáó. ÝóÃóÓúäóÏúäóÇ ÙõåõæÑóäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö¡ ÝóåóÒóãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ. ÝóÞöíáó áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: Åöäøóßó ßõäúÊó ÊóÕöíÍó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö ". (3)
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " æóÇÝóÞúÊõ ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ËóáóÇËò. ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö áóæö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊó ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì ÝóäóÒóáóÊú: {æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 125] æóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäú äöÓóÇÁóßó íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúåöäøó ÇáúÈóÑøó æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóãóÑóÊúåõäøó Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌöÈúäó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äöÓóÇÄõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõäøó: {ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøõåõ Åöäú ØóáøóÞóßõäøó Ãóäú íõÈúÏöáóåõ ÃóÒúæóÇÌðÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäúßõäøó} ¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ßóÐóáößó " (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ «áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃõÈóíøö ÇÈúäö Óóáõæáó ÏõÚöíó áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) Í: ÝóåõÒöãúäóÇ.
(3) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 149 - 150 æóåõæó Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó áöáØøóäúØóÇæöíøóíúäö Õ 451 - 452 ÊóåúÐöíÈó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇááøõÛóÇÊö áöáäøóæóæöíøö Þ 1¡ Ì [0 - 9] Õ 10 - 11¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉó 2/15
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 22(6/64)
Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöíõÕóáøöíó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇãó ÏóäóæúÊõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÊõÕóáøöí Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ {æóáóÇ ÊõÕóáøö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú ãóÇÊó ÃóÈóÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞõãú Úóáóì ÞóÈúÑöåö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 84] æóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ {ÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú Ãóæú áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú Åöäú ÊóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú ÓóÈúÚöíäó ãóÑøóÉð Ýóáóäú íóÛúÝöÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõãú} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 80] (1) .
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÞóíúÓò¡ Úóäú ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö ãóáóßñ (2) .
æóÚóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÑøóÃúíó äóÒóáó Èöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ßóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚõÑöÖõæÇ Úóáóíøó æóÚóáóíúåöãú ÞõãõÕñ¡ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ ÇáËøóÏúíó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíøó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÚóáóíúåö ÞóãöíÕñ íóÌõÑøõåõ ". ÞóÇáõæÇ (3) : ÝóãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊóåõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáÏøöíäõ» " (4) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: " ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÑóÃóíúÊõäöí (5) ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÈöÞóÏóÍò ÝóÔóÑöÈúÊõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøöí áóÇ ÃóÑóì ÇáÑøóíøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÃóÎøöÑú Úóäøöí íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ. 5/235
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 218 æóÝöíåö íóäúØöÞõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ãóáóßò.
(3) È: ÞóÇáó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 21 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓó.
(5) Í: ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäøöí.(6/65)
ÃóÙúÝóÇÑöí¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚúØóíúÊõ ÝóÖúáöí ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇ ÃóæøóáúÊó Ðóáößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÚöáúãõ» " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ßóÃóäøöí ÃóäúÒöÚõ Úóáóì ÞóáöíÈò ÈöÏóáúæò¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó ÝóäóÒóÚó ÐóäõæÈðÇ Ãóæú ÐóäõæÈóíúäö¡ æóÝöí äóÒúÚöåö ÖóÚúÝñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÇáóÊú Ýöí íóÏöåö ÛóÑúÈðÇ Ýóáóãú ÃóÑó ÚóÈúÞóÑöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÝúÑöí ÝóÑúíóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÖóÑóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÚóØóäò» " (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÍóãøóÇÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÔóÞöíÞò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: " áóæú Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÚõãóÑó æõÖöÚó Ýöí ßöÝøóÉö ãöíÒóÇäò æóæõÖöÚó Úöáúãõ [ÎöíóÇÑö] (3) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò áóÑóÌóÍó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÚöáúãöåö ". ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ: ÝóÃóäúßóÑúÊõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóßóÑúÊõåõ áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑúÊó ãöäú Ðóáößó¿ ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó: " Åöäøöí áóÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÃóÚúÔóÇÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÐóåóÈó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " (4) .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö æóåúÈò: Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÃóÞúÑóÃóåõ ãóÚúÞöáõ Èúäõ ãõÞóÑøöäò [ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóíúÑóÉó] (5) ÂíóÉð¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÃóåóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáóÇ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ: ãóäú ÃóÞúÑóÃóßóåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóíúÑóÉó Èúäõ ãóÚúÞöáö Èúäö ãõÞóÑøöäò.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 21.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/489 æóÃóæøóáõåõ åõäóÇßó: ÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÇÆöãñ ÑóÃóíúÊõäöí Úóáóì ÞóáöíÈò. . . . . ÅöáóÎú.
(3) ÎöíóÇÑö: Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Õ [0 - 9] 9
(5) ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóíúÑóÉó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/66)
æóÞóÇáó áöáúÂÎóÑö: ãóäú ÃóÞúÑóÃóßóåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö. ÝóÈóßóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÍóÊøóì ßóËõÑóÊú ÏõãõæÚõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÇÞúÑóÃúåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÃóßóåóÇ ÚõãóÑõº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÞúÑóÃóäóÇ áößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãóäóÇ ÈöÏöíäö Çááøóåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÍöÕúäðÇ ÍóÕöíäðÇ [Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö] (1) íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÚõãóÑõ ÇäúËóáóãó ÇáúÍöÕúäõ ËõáúãóÉð áóÇ íóÓõÏøõåóÇ (2) ÃóÍóÏñ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ Óóáóßó ØóÑöíÞðÇ ÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇåõ æóæóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÓóåúáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõæäó ÝóÍóíúåóáóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó [¡ ÝóÍóíúåóáóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóÍóíúåóáóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó] (3) . æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åõÔóíúãñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóæóÇãøõ¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: " ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ ÕóäóÚó ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÎõÐõæÇ Èöåö " (4) .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ÇáúÍóÐøóÇÁó íóÞõæáõ: äóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÍõáúæóÇäöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÌóäøóÇÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóØóÇÁõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÎóíúÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Õóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÝóÕóÝøó áóåõ Ãóåúáõ äóÌúÑóÇäó ÕóÝøóíúäö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Õóáøóì ÃóæúãóÃó ÑóÌõáñ
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(1) Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) .
(2) Ñ: áóÇ ÓóÏøóåõ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö ÝóÞóØú Ýöí (Í) æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÞóÇÑóÈóÉò Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò 3/371 - 372 æóÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãõÎúÊóáöÝò Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/338 - 339 ÑóÞúãó 486 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 58
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò: Õ 59 æóÚóáøóÞúÊõ Úóáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.(6/67)
ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ÑóÌõáò¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÝóäóÇæóáóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÏóãóÚóÊú ÚóíúäóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÝóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Ãóåúáó äóÌúÑóÇäó - Ãóæú íóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí - åóÐóÇ æóÇááøóåö ÎóØøöí ÈöíóÏöí¡ æóÅöãúáóÇÁõ ÚõãóÑó Úóáóíøó. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚúØöäóÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÏóäóæúÊõ ãöäúåõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÑóÇÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó íóæúãðÇ ÝóÇáúíóæúãó íóÑõÏøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõ ÑóÇÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÕóäóÚóåõ¡ Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó ÑóÔöíÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó ÃóÚúØóÇßõãú ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäúßõãú¡ æóÃóÎóÐó ãöäúßõãú ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÚúØóì¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÑö áöÚõãóÑó äóÝúÚñ ãóÚó ÃóÎúÐò áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåõ áöÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó (1) .
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ (2) ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäó ÇáúãõÞúÑöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóíúæóÉó Èúäõ ÔõÑóíúÍò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóßúÑõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáúãóÚóÇÝöÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ãöÔúÑóÍö Èúäö åóÇÚóÇäó (3) ¡ Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " áóæú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏöí äóÈöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö " (4) .
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(1) ÐóßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Õ 213
(2) ÃóÈõæ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) æóåöíó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(3) Í¡ È: ÚóÇåóÇäó¡ Ñ: ÚóÇåöäò¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (í) æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÓõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/281 - 282 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãöÔúÑóÍö Èúäö ÚóÇåóÇäó¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/154¡ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3/85 æóÊóßóáøóãó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÑóÞúãó 327 æóÍóÓøóäóåõ.(6/68)
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó Úóäú ãöÔúÑóÍò¡ Ýóåõæó ËóÇÈöÊñ Úóäúåõ (1) .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÇáúÎóØúãöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóæú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑöí äóÈöíøñ áóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ". æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " áóæú áóãú ÃõÈúÚóËú Ýöíßõãú áóÈõÚöËó Ýöíßõãú ÚõãóÑõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö (2) .
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó (3) ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÌóÇÚõ Èúäõ ãóÎúáóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ íóãóÇäò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò (4) ¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÈúØóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÎóÈóÑõ ÚõãóÑó¡ Ýóßóáøóãó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð Ýöí ÈóØúäöåóÇ ÔóíúØóÇäñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ÍóÊøóì íóÌöíÁó ÔóíúØóÇäöí ÝóÃóÓúÃóáõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚõãóÑó ãõÊøóÒöÑðÇ ÈößöÓóÇÁò íóåúäóÃõ ÅöÈöáó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö (5) ¡ æóÐóáößó (6) áóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóÑøó áöãóäúÎóÑóíúåö (7) áöáúãóáóßö ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö¡ ÑõæÍõ (8) ÇáúÞõÏõÓö íóäúØöÞõ (9) Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö (10) .
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÚõãóÑõ
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáäøöÌóÇÏó ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóÇÉö 17/1 - 2 ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó Úóäú ãöÔúÑóÍò Èöåö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 55.
(3) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/246¡ ÑóÞúãó 304
(4) ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò.
(5) íóåúäóÃõ ÇáúÅöÈöáóº Ãóíú: íõØúáöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóØöÑóÇäö.
(6) ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: æóÞóÇáó.
(7) ä¡ ã: áöãöäúÎóÑöåö.
(8) ÝóÖóÇÆöáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: æóÑõæÍõ.
(9) Ñ¡ Í¡ í: ÊóäúØöÞõ.
(10) ÞóÇáó ãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ.(6/69)
Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ äöÓóÇÁñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò íõßóáøöãúäóåõ æóíóÓúÊóßúËöÑúäóåõ¡ ÚóÇáöíóÉð ÃóÕúæóÇÊõåõäøó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÚõãóÑõ Þõãúäó ÝóÇÈúÊóÏóÑúäó (1) ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈó¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÖúÍóßõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÖúÍóßó Çááøóåõ Óöäøóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÚóÌöÈúÊõ (2) ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇááøóÇÊöí ßõäøó ÚöäúÏöí¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚúäó ÕóæúÊóßó ÇÈúÊóÏóÑúäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈó ". ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (3) ÃóäúÊó ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íóåóÈúäó. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: Ãóíú ÚõÏõæøóÇÊö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöäøó¡ ÊóåóÈúäóäöí æóáóÇ ÊóåóÈúäó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. [Þõáúäó: äóÚóãú¡ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÝóÙøõ æóÃóÛúáóÙõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (4) . ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö: " æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö ãóÇ áóÞöíóßó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÞóØøõ ÓóÇáößðÇ ÝóÌøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Óóáóßó ÝóÌøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÝóÌøößó» " (5) .
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËò ÂÎóÑó «Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÝöÑøõ ãöäú ÍöÓøö ÚõãóÑó» (6) .
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(1) ä: íóÈúÊóÏöÑúäó¡ ã: ÇÈúÊóÏóÑúäó.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ÚóÌöÈó.
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(4) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 55¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/244 - 245 ÑóÞúãó 301 - 302¡ 1/256 - 257 ÑóÞúãó 326.
(6) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö: æóáóßöäú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 5/284 - 285 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãóæøóáõåõ: ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌóÇáöÓðÇ ÝóÓóãöÚúäóÇ áóÛóØðÇ æóÕóæúÊó ÕöÈúíóÇäò¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÈóÔöíøóÉñ ÊóÒúÝöäõ æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäõ ÍóæúáóåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÊóÚóÇáöí ÝóÇäúÙõÑöí¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Åöäøöí áóÃóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÔóíóÇØöíäö ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáúÅöäúÓö ÞóÏú ÝóÑøõæÇ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó Úóáóíúåö 5/283 - 284(6/70)
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú æóÇÕöáò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäó ßóÇäóÊú ãõÕóÝøóÏóÉð Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÊöáó ÚõãóÑõ æóËóÈóÊó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇÈñ Øóæöíáñ ÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöíåö ãõÌóáøóÏóÇÊò Ýöí ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó ãöËúáó ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö æóÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÔóÈøóÉó (1) æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÕóäøóÝóåõ ÎóíúËóãóÉõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Ýöí " ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö " æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
[ÑöÓóÇáóÉõ ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö]
æóÑöÓóÇáóÉõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÊóÏóÇæóáóåóÇ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ¡ æóÈóäóæúÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÇÚúÊóãóÏõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóãöäú ØõÑõÞöåóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäú ßóËöíÑö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÈõÑúÞóÇäó¡ ÞóÇáó (2) : ßóÊóÈó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö: " ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ ãõÍúßóãóÉñ¡ æóÓõäøóÉñ ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÇÝúåóãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÏúáöíó Åöáóíúßó (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ Êóßóáøõãñ ÈöÍóÞøò (4) áóÇ äóÝóÇÐó
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(1) ã¡ í: ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö Ü áóÞóÈõåõ ÔóÈøóÉõ Ü Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÑóíúØóÉó ÇáäøõãóíúÑöíøõ¡ æõáöÏó ÓóäóÉó 173 æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÓóäóÉó 264 æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÓóÒúßöíäõ ã [0 - 9] Ì [0 - 9] Õ 205 - 207¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö ÇáúãóÎúØõæØóÉö ßöÊóÇÈó ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõãóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 7/460¡ 461 æóÝöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó 11/208 - 210 æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö 5/206 - 207 æóÝöí ÇáúÝöåúÑöÓúÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÏöíãö Õ 112 - 113 æóÝöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝöíäó 4/286
(2) ÐóßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 2/82 - 83 æóÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó áöáØøóäúØóÇæöíøóíúäö Õ 217 - 218 äóÞúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÈúíöíäö 2/37¡ ãöÝúÊóÇÍö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö 89¡ Úõíõæäö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö 1/66 ÕõÈúÍö ÇáúÃóÚúÔóì 1/193 äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÑóÈö 6/257
(3) Í: Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÚõãóÑó æóÃóäúÝöÐú ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóßó¡ æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: æóÃóäúÝöÐö ÇáúÍóÞøó ÅöÐóÇ æóÖóÍó.
(4) Í¡ È: ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö.(6/71)
áóåõ (1) ¡ ÂÓö (2) Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓößó æóæóÌúåößó æóÞóÖóÇÆößó (3) ¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóØúãóÚó ÔóÑöíÝñ Ýöí ÍóíúÝößó¡ æóáóÇ íóíúÃóÓó ÖóÚöíÝñ ãöäú ÚóÏúáößó (4) ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ Úóáóì ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì (5) ¡ æóÇáúíóãöíäõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó¡ æóÇáÕøõáúÍõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÕõáúÍðÇ ÃóÍóáøó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÍóÑøóãó ÍóáóÇáðÇ¡ æóãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ÍóÞøðÇ ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ ÝóÇãúÏõÏú áóåõ ÃóãóÏðÇ íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÈóíøöäóÉò ÝóÃóÚúØöåö ÍóÞøóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÚúÌóÒóåõ Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊóÍúáóáúÊó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó åõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÐúÑö¡ æóÃóÌúáóì áöáúÚóãóì (6) . æóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõßó ÞóÖóÇÁñ ÞóÖóíúÊóåõ Çáúíóæúãó (7) ÝóÑóÇÌóÚúÊó Ýöíåö ÑóÃúíóßó (8) ÝóåõÏöíÊó Ýöíåö áöÑõÔúÏößó Ãóäú ÊõÑóÇÌöÚó ÇáúÍóÞøó (9) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÞóÏöíãñ¡ æóáóíúÓó íõÈúØöáõåõ ÔóíúÁñ (10) ¡ æóãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóãóÇÏöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöáö (11) . æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÚõÏõæáñ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú (12) º Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ ÒõæÑò¡ Ãóæú ãóÌúáõæÏðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøò¡ Ãóæú ÙóäöíäðÇ Ýöí æóáóÇÁò Ãóæú äóÓóÈò (13)
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(1) Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ ÍóÞøñ áóÇ äóÝóÇÐó áóåõ.
(2) Ãóíú: Óóæøö.
(3) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: Ýöí æóÌúåößó æóãóÌúáöÓößó æóÚóÏúáößó¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ " æóÞóÖóÇÆößó " ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó.
(4) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóíúÃóÓó ÇáÖøóÚöíÝõ ãöäú ÚóÏúáößó¡ æóáóÇ íóØúãóÚó ÇáÔøóÑöíÝõ Ýöí ÚóÏúáößó.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Úóáóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí.
(6) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó¡ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÈöÚöÏøóÉö ÃóÓúØõÑò ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö.
(7) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö.
(8) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: äóÝúÓóßó.
(9) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: Ãóäú ÊóÑúÌöÚó Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö.
(10) æóáóíúÓó íõÈúØöáõåõ ÔóíúÁñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ æóÝöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó: áóÇ íõÈúØöáõåõ ÔóíúÁñ.
(11) ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö íõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóßóÇäóåóÇ åõäóÇ¡ ãóßóÇäõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö.
(12) ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÚõãóÑó: ÚõÏõæáñ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
(13) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: Ãóæú æöÑóÇËóÉò¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÚõãóÑó: Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÈóÉò.(6/72)
ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Êóæóáøóì ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó¡ æóÓóÊóÑó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö (1) . Ëõãøó ÇáúÝóåúãó ÇáúÝóåúãó ÝöíãóÇ ÃõÏúáöíó Åöáóíúßó æóÝöíãóÇ æóÑóÏó (2) Úóáóíúßó¡ ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞõÑúÂäò æóáóÇ ÓõäøóÉò (3) ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇíöÓö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÇÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÃóãúËóÇáó (4) ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÚúãöÏú ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÑóì Åöáóì ÃóÍóÈøöåóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÃóÔúÈóåöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö (5) ¡ æóÅöíøóÇßó æóÇáúÛóÖóÈó æóÇáúÞóáóÞó æóÇáÖøóÌóÑó æóÇáÊøóÃóÐøöíó ÈöÇáúÎõÕõæãöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó Ýöí ãóæóÇØöäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ [Çááøóåõ] Èöåö ÇáúÃóÌúÑó¡ æóíóÍúÓõäõ Èöåö ÇáÐøõÎúÑõ (6) ¡ Ýóãóäú ÎóáóÕóÊú äöíøóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáóæú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóÝóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö (7) ¡ æóãóäú ÊóÒóíøóäó ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÔóÇäóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - (8) º (9) ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - áóÇ
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(1) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì ãöäúßõãõ ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó¡ æóÏóÑóÃó Úóäúßõãú ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáÔøõÈóåóÇÊö.
(2) È: æóæóÑóÏó.
(3) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÇáúÝóåúãó ÇáúÝóåúãó ÝöíãóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÌõ (ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÊóáóÌúáóÌõ) Ýöí ÕóÏúÑößó¡ ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÈúáõÛúßó¡ (ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò æóáóÇ ÓõäøóÉò. (ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö) .
(4) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: æóÇÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÃóãúËóÇáó æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóÇåó (ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÇáúÃóÔúÈóÇåó æóÇáúÃóãúËóÇáó) ¡ Ëõãøó ÞöÓö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó.
(5) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÝóÇÚúãöÏú Åöáóì ÃóÍóÈøöåóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÃóÔúÈóåöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÑóì¡ æóÈóÚúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÌóÇÁóÊú ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑñ¡ ÇÓúÊóÛúÑóÞóÊú ÓóØúÑóíúäö æóáóãú ÊóÑöÏú åõäóÇ.
(6) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: æóÅöíøóÇßó æóÇáúÞóáóÞó (ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: æóÇáúÛóáóÞó) ¡ æóÇáÖøóÌóÑó æóÇáÊøóÃóÐøöíó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇáÊøóäóßøõÑó áöáúÎõÕõæãö Ýöí ãóæóÇØöäö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÊöí íõæÌöÈõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÃóÌúÑó æóíóÍúÓõäõ ÇáÐøõÎúÑõ æóÝöí: ä¡ ã: ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóÌúÑõ.
(7) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú íõÕúáöÍõ äöíøóÊóåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóæú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö íóßúÝöíåö Çááøóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú íõÎúáöÕõ äöíøóÊóåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Çááøóåö ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóæú Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ íóßúÝöåö Çááøóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡
(8) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: æóãóäú ÊóÒóíøóäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÈöãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó íóÔöäúåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: æóãóäú ÊóÒóíøóäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÝöíãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Çááøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝóåõ ãöäúåõ ÔóÇäóåõ Çááøóåõ.
(9) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑñ.(6/73)
íóÞúÈóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßó ÈöËóæóÇÈò (1) ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ýöí ÚóÇÌöáö ÑöÒúÞöåö æóÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÑóÍúãóÊöåö " (2) .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì ÇáäøóÇÌöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚõÊúÈöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ÎóØóÈó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö íóæúãó ÚóÑóÝóÉó íóæúãó ÈõæíöÚó áóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó (3) : " ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóáóÇäöí Èößõãú¡ æóÇÈúÊóáóÇßõãú Èöí¡ æóÃóÈúÞóÇäöí Ýöíßõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÕóÇÍöÈöí¡ ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú ÔóÇåöÏðÇ ÈóÇÔóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ æóáóíøóäóÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÒöÏúäóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÓóÇÁó áóãú äõäóÇÙöÑúåõ¡ ÃóíøóÊõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉõ Åöäøó áöáúæõáóÇÉö Úóáóíúßõãú ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøó áóßõãú Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ (4) Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Íõáúãñ (5) ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÃóÚúÙóãó äóÝúÚðÇ ãöäú Íöáúãö (6) ÅöãóÇãò æóÚóÏúáöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ìóåúáñ ÃóÈúÛóÖó Åöáóì Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ãöäú Ìóåúáö æóÇáò æóÎóÑúÞöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó ãöãøóäú ÊóÍúÊó íóÏöåö íõÚúØöåö Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó ãöãøóäú åõæó ÝóæúÞóåõ ".
ÞõáúÊõ: æóåõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúæóÇáöí ÅöÐóÇ ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó ãöãøóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó ãöãøóäú åõæó ÝóæúÞóåõ.
æóÑõæöíó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö æóßöíÚò¡ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Úóäú
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(1) Í¡ È: ÈöÇáËøóæóÇÈö.
(2) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó: ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßó ÈöËóæóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó æóÚóÇÌöáö ÑöÒúÞöåö æóÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó: ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßó ÈöËóæóÇÈò ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ýöí ÚóÇÌöáö ÑöÒúÞöåö æóÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÑóÍúãóÊöåö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö: ÎóÑøóÌóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ.
(3) ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖó åóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö 3/275 æóÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚõãóÑó Õ 74¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖó ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉó 2/88.
(4) æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÇÚúáóãú.
(5) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Íõßúãñ.
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Íõßúãö.(6/74)
íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÌóÚúÏóÉó (1) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: " áóæúáóÇ ËóáóÇËñ áóÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ÞóÏú áóÍöÞúÊõ ÈöÇááøóåö¡ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÓöíÑó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÖóÚó ÌóÈúåóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö ÓóÇÌöÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃõÌóÇáöÓó ÞóæúãðÇ íóáúÊóÞöØõæäó ØöíÈó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ßóãóÇ íõáúÊóÞóØõ ØöíÈõ ÇáËøóãóÑö " (2) .
æóßóáóÇãõ ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäú ÃóÌúãóÚö ÇáúßóáóÇãö [æóÃóßúãóáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõáúåóãñ] (3) ãõÍóÏøöËñ¡ ßõáøõ ßóáöãóÉò ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö ÊóÌúãóÚõ ÚöáúãðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ãöËúáó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåõäøó (4) º ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏó æóÇáúÚöáúãó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËõ åöíó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÊóØóæøóÚó Èöåö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãóÇ ÊóØóæøóÚó Èöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößñ: ÇáúÚöáúãõ.
æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó Ýöí ÍóÇáò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó Ýöí ÍóÇáò¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÄõåõ íóÝúÚóáõæäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ßõáøñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö æóÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÌóãóÚó ÇáËøóáóÇËó.
æóãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö
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(1) íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÏóÉó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÏóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÏóÉó Èúäö åõÈóíúÑóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóåúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ ÇáúãóÎúÒõæãöíøõ¡ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÍóÈöíÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÏöíäóÇÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí: ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 11/192 - 193
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÇáÊøóãúÑö.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ãóßóÇäóåõ ÈóíóÇÖñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ.(6/75)
ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó áöí ÚõãóÑõ: Åöäøóåõ æóÇááøóåö íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóæöíøõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÚõäúÝò¡ Çááøöíäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÖóÚúÝò¡ ÇáúÌóæóÇÏõ Ýöí (1) ÛóíúÑö ÓóÑóÝò¡ ÇáúãõãúÓößõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÈõÎúáò¡ ÞóÇáó: íóÞõæáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÛóíúÑó ÚõãóÑó.
æóÚóäú ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö ßóíúÓóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóÇáó: áöáøóåö ÏóÑøõ ÚõãóÑó¡ áóÞóáøó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ¡ íõÍóÑøößõ ÔóÝóÊóíúåö ÈöÔóíúÁò ÞóØøõ íóÊóÎóæøóÝóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ãäÚ ÇáãÛÇáÇÉ Ýí ÇáãåæÑ]
ÝóÕúáñ (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉò áóåõ: ãóäú ÛóÇáóì Ýöí ãóåúÑö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ÌóÚóáúÊõåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ: ßóíúÝó ÊóãúäóÚõäóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Íöíäó ÞóÇáó: {æóÂÊóíúÊõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõäøó ÞöäúØóÇÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 20] ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò (4) ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó ÍóÊøóì ÇáúãõÎóÏøóÑóÇÊõ ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö ÝóÖúáö ÚõãóÑó æóÏöíäöåö æóÊóÞúæóÇåõ¡ æóÑõÌõæÚöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÍóÊøóì ãöäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò¡ æóíóÊóæóÇÖóÚõ áóåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãõÚúÊóÑöÝñ ÈöÝóÖúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóæú Ýöí ÃóÏúäóì ãóÓúÃóáóÉò¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ãöäú.
(2) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 138 (ã) .
(4) ß: ßõáøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö.(6/76)
ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö Ãóäú áóÇ íõäóÈøöåóåõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõ áöÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúåõÏúåõÏõ áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó: {ÃóÍóØÊõ ÈöãóÇ áóãú ÊõÍöØú Èöåö æóÌöÆúÊõßó ãöäú ÓóÈóÅò ÈöäóÈóÅò íóÞöíäò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáäøóãúáö: 22] æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöáúÎöÖúÑö: {åóáú ÃóÊøóÈöÚõßó Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊõÚóáøöãóäöí ãöãøóÇ ÚõáøöãúÊó ÑõÔúÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúßóåúÝö: 66] æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ãõæÓóì æóÇáúÎöÖúÑö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÚõãóÑó æóÈóíúäó ÃóÔúÈóÇåöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎöÖúÑõ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöËúáóåõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚõæäó áöãõæÓóì¡ ßóåóÇÑõæäó æóíõæÔóÚó æóÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÎöÖúÑö.
æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ Ýóåõæó ãöãøóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöËúáõåõ áöáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞó Ýöíåö ÍóÞøñ áöáøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáËøóãóäö æóÇáúÃõÌúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÇáó æóÇáúãóäúÝóÚóÉö íõÓúÊóÈóÇÍõ ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ ÈóÐúáõåõ ÈöáóÇ ÚöæóÖò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈõÖúÚõ ÝóáóÇ íõÓúÊóÈóÇÍõ ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáäøößóÇÍõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÕóÏóÇÞò¡ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇáö ÇáúÈõÖúÚö ÈöäößóÇÍò áóÇ ÕóÏóÇÞó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ áóßöäú íóÌõæÒõ ÚóÞúÏõåõ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ãóåúÑõ ÇáúãöËúáö¡ Ýóáóæú ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÝúÑöÖó áóåóÇ ÝóÝöíåóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ Úóáöíøò æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: íóÌöÈõ ãóåúÑõ ÇáúãöËúáö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÖóì Ýöí ÈöÑúæóÚö ÈöäúÊö æóÇÔöÞò ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó (1) ¡ ÝóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÞóÖóÇÁó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÝóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöÑøó Þóæúáõåõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÈöÑúæóÚö ÈöäúÊö æóÇÔöÞò 4/183(6/77)
Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÕøö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÍóÇáõåõ Ãóßúãóáó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÕøö (1) ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞõ Ýöíåö ÍóÞøñ áöáøóåö Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ßóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÝöÏúíóÉö ÇáúÃóÐóì æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÞóáøóåõ ãõÞóÏøóÑñ (2) ÈöäöÕóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÃóÞóáøöåö ÌóÇÒó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÃóßúËóÑöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊóÌóÇæóÒú Èöåö ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí äöÓóÇÆöåö æóÈóäóÇÊöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ¡ ßóÇäóÊú (3) ÞóÏú ÈõÐöáóÊú áöãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúØóÇåóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÐöáõ áöÍõÕõæáö ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÂÎöÐõ áößóæúäöåö [áóÇ] (4) íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåóÇ¡ ÝóÊõæÖóÚõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÊøóÌöÑó ÈöãóÇáö ÛóíúÑöåö íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöÇáÑøöÈúÍö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãõÍóÞøöÞõæ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöíãóäú ÈóÇÚó ÓöáóÇÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÚóÕöíÑðÇ Ãóæú ÚöäóÈðÇ áöáúÎóãúÑö: Åöäøóåõ íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöÇáËøóãóäö.
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÚõãóÑõ áóæú äóÝóÐó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÖúÚóÝó ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÛóíúÑöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÝóÐóåõ¡ æóßóíúÝó áóãú íõäúÝöÐúåõ¿ !
æóÞóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÂÊóíúÊõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõäøó ÞöäúØóÇÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 20] íóÊóÃóæøóáõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÕúÑóÍõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ Þöíáó áöáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) ä: íõÞóÏøóÑõ.
(3) Í¡ È: áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú.
(4) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/78)
Þóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÇáúÊóãöÓú æóáóæú ÎóÇÊóãðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò» " (1) ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÞóÏøöÑõæäó áöÃóÏúäóÇåõ íóÊóÃóæøóáõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ¡ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑõ áöÃóÚúáóÇåõ íóÊóÃóæøóáõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóäúÚñ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ãóäóÚó ÇáúãõÝóæøóÖóÉó ÇáúãóåúÑó (2) ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóÊúåõ ÈöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúãõÒóæøóÌóÉõ ÈöáóÇ ÊóÓúãöíóÉò áóãú ÊõÛóÇáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞö¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóãú íõÕöÑøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö.
ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó ÊóÃúíöíÏó Çááøóåö áóåõ æóåöÏóÇíóÊóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÊóÃúíöíÏöåö áöÛóíúÑöåö æóåöÏóÇíóÊöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÞúæóÇáóåõ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÌóÚó ÚóäúåóÇ æóáóãú íõÕöÑøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÛóíúÑöåö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóÑúÌöÚú ÚóäúåóÇ.
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(1) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Úóäú Óóåúáö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóÇÚöÏöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 7/6 - 7 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáäøößóÇÍö ÈóÇÈö ÊóÒúæöíÌö ÇáúãõÚúÓöÑö¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÌóÇÁóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÌöÆúÊõ ÃóåóÈõ áóßó äóÝúÓöí¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÙóÑó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÕóÚöÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑó ÝöíåóÇ æóÕóæøóÈóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ØóÃúØóÃó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÃúÓóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÖö ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÌóáóÓóÊú¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóßó ÈöåóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉð ÝóÒóæøöÌúäöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóåóáú ÚöäúÏóßó ãöäú ÔóíúÁò¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÐúåóÈú Åöáóì Ãóåúáößó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú åóáú ÊóÌöÏõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¿ ÝóÐóåóÈó Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ Ýó ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÇäúÙõÑú æóáóæú ÎóÇÊóãðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò. . . . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáäøößóÇÍö æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóßöÊóÇÈö ÇááøöÈóÇÓö æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö: ÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÇáúÊóãöÓú æóáóæú ÎóÇÊóãðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÈóÚúÖó ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö Ýöí ØóÈúÚóÉö Ï. ÇáúÈóÛóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãó 2186¡ 4799¡ 4833¡ 4842¡ 4847¡ 4854¡ 4855 æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 2/1040 - 1041 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáäøößóÇÍö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞö¡ æóÌóæóÇÒõ ßóæúäöåö ÊóÚúáöíãó ÞõÑúÂäò æóÎóÇÊóãó ÍóÏöíÏò¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáúãõÓúäóÏö.
(2) ÇáúãóåúÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : ÇáúãõãóíøóÒó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/79)
æóÇááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑó áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃó æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑúÌöÚõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöãóäú ÑóÌóÚó (1) Úóäúåõ¿
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ßóÇäóÊú Ãóßúãóáó ãöäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏóÇÊö (2) ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÕóæóÇÈóåõãú Ãóßúãóáõ ãöäú ÕóæóÇÈö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÎóØóÃóåõãú ÃóÎóÝøõ ãöäú ÎóØóÃö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈöÕöÍøóÉö äößóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö ÎóØóÄõåõãú ÃóíúÓóÑõ ãöäú ÎóØóÃö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÈöÕöÍøóÉö äößóÇÍö ÇáúãõÍóáøöáö¡ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóÌúåðÇ¡ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÏøöÑúåóãö ÈöÏöÑúåóãóíúäö ÎóØóÄõåõãú ÃóÎóÝøõ ãöäú ÎóØóÃö ãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÍöíóáó ÇáÑøöÈóæöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÚõãóÑõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÞõæÏö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÒóæúÌóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóì ÎõíøöÑó Èóíúäó ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö æóãóåúÑöåóÇ - Þóæúáõåõãú ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞõ áöÃõÕõæáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÏøõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ íóäúÝõÐõ Íõßúãõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÅöÐóÇ Íóßóãó Èöåö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ðóáößó áöÚóÏóãö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåöãú ÈöãóÂÎöÐö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÏöÞøóÉö Ýóåúãöåöãú (3) º ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì æóÞúÝö ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉöº æóåõæó ÃóÕúáñ ÔóÑöíÝñ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÌóÚúáö ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÚóäúæóÉö ÝóíúÆðÇ åõæó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ Ïõæäó ãóäú áóãú íóÝúåóãú Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÇÑó Èöåö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ Ïõæäó ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ í: ÈöãóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ¡ Ñ: Èöãóäú ÑóÌóÚõæÇ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ: ãöäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÝöÞúåöåöãú¡ ã: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÏöÞøóÉö Ýóåúãöåöãú(6/80)
æóãóÇ ÃóÝúÊóì Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö æóÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÇáúÎõáúÚö¡ Þóæúáõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ Ïõæäó Þóæúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇÈñ íóØõæáõ æóÕúÝõåõ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÃóÝúÞóåõåóÇ æóÃóÏúíóäõåóÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " åõãú ÝóæúÞóäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö Úöáúãò [æóÝöÞúåò] (1) æóÏöíäò æóåõÏðì¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÓóÈóÈò íõäóÇáõ Èöåö Úöáúãñ æóåõÏðì¡ æóÑóÃúíõåõãú áóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÑóÃúíöäóÇ áöÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ " Ãóæú ßóáóÇãðÇ åóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: " ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ".
æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú ãõÓúÊóäøðÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóäøó Èöãóäú ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó (2) ¡ [ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóíøó áóÇ ÊõÄúãóäõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉõ] (3) ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö: ÃóÈóÑøóåóÇ ÞõáõæÈðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúãóÞóåóÇ ÚöáúãðÇ¡ æóÃóÞóáøóåóÇ ÊóßóáøõÝðÇ¡ Þóæúãñ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ áöÕõÍúÈóÉö äóÈöíøöåö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö Ïöíäöåö¡ ÝóÇÚúÑöÝõæÇ áóåõãú ÝóÖúáóåõãú¡ æóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõãú Ýöí ÂËóÇÑöåöãú¡ æóÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõãú ãöäú ÃóÎúáóÇÞöåöãú æóÏöíäöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö ".
æóÞóÇáó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: " íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö ÇÓúÊóÞöíãõæÇ æóÎõÐõæÇ ØóÑöíÞó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóÆöäö ÇÓúÊóÞóãúÊõãú áóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞúÊõãú ÓóÈúÞðÇ ÈóÚöíÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÎóÐúÊõãú íóãöíäðÇ æóÔöãóÇáðÇ áóÞóÏú ÖóáóáúÊõãú ÖóáóÇáðÇ ÈóÚöíÏðÇ ".
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(1) æóÝöÞúåò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) Í: Èöãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/81)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå áã íÍÏ ÞÏÇãÉ Ýí ÇáÎãÑ]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóáóãú íóÍõÏøó ÞõÏóÇãóÉó (3) Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóáóÇ Úóáóíúåö: {áóíúÓó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÌõäóÇÍñ ÝöíãóÇ ØóÚöãõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ æóÂãóäõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 93] ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó [áóåõ] (4) Úóáöíøñ: áóíúÓó ÞõÏóÇãóÉõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÏúÑö ßóãú íóÍõÏøõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍöÏøóåõ ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ Åöäøó ÔóÇÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ (5) [ÓóßöÑó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÓóßöÑó] (6) åóÐóì¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åóÐóì ÇÝúÊóÑóì ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö [ÇáúÈóíøöäö] (7) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõº ÝóÅöäøó Úöáúãó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÃóÈúíóäõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóáóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò åõæó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÖúÑöÈõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóÊóÇÑóÉð ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ íõÚóÒøóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÍóáúÞö ÇáÑøóÃúÓö æóÇáäøóÝúíö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÖúÑöÈõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáäøöÚóÇáö æóÇáúÃóíúÏöí
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 138 ã.
(3) ß: ÞøõÏóÇãóÉó Èúäó ãóÙúÚõæäò.
(4) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(5) Í¡ È: ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó.
(6) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) ÇáúÈóíøöäö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .(6/82)
æóÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáËøöíóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó Åöáóì ÇáËóãóÇäöíäó: åóáú åõæó ÍóÏøñ íóÌöÈõ ÅöÞóÇãóÊõåõ¿ Ãóæú ÊóÚúÒöíÑñ íóÎúÊöáóÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ãóÔúåõæÑóíúäö¡ åõãóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ (1) : Ãóäøóåõ (2) ÍóÏøñ áöÃóäøó ÃóÞóáøó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ËóãóÇäõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏøõ ÇáúÞóÐúÝö¡ æóÇÏøóÚóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ äõÞöáó ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ßóÇäó ÈöÓóæúØò áóåõ ØóÑóÝóÇäö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÞóÇÆöãóÉð ãóÞóÇãó ÇáËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøõ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÏøò æóÇÌöÈò¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò (3) æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÃóÞúæóìº áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÌóáóÏó ÇáúæóáöíÏó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÌóáóÏó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÌóáóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÌóáóÏó ÚõãóÑõ ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóßõáøñ (4) ÓõäøóÉñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó (5) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÃõÊöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÑóÌõáò ÞóÏú ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÈöÇáäøöÚóÇáö äóÍúæðÇ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÊöíó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÝóÚóáó Èöåö ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÊöíó Èöåö ÚõãóÑõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡
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(1) ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ.
(2) Ñ: ÃóäøóåóÇ.
(3) ä: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóãõÍóãøóÏñ.
(4) Í: æóÇáúßõáøõ.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ [0 - 9] 9(6/83)
ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóæúÝò: ÃóÎóÝøõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ËóãóÇäõæäó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÚõãóÑõ» (1) .
æóáöÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöíåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáÓøóæúØö¡ ßóÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö æóÇáúÃóíúÏöí æóÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáËøöíóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú Êóßõäú ÕöÝóÉõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉð (2) ¡ Èóáú íóÑúÌöÚõ ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ãöÞúÏóÇÑõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áöÃóäøó ÃóÍúæóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈöíäó ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÃóæøóáðÇ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö Ýöí ÇáúãóÑøóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãóäúÓõæÎñ¡ æóÞöíáó: Èóáú åõæó ãõÍúßóãñ¡ æóÞöíáó: Èóáú åõæó ÊóÚúÒöíÑñ ÌóÇÆöÒñ íõÝúÚóáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÑúÈó ÈöÇáËøóæúÈö áóíúÓó ÃóãúÑðÇ ãóÍúÏõæÏðÇ¡ Èóáú íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÞöáøóÊöåö æóßóËúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÎöÝøóÊöåö æóÛöáúÙóÊöåö¡ æóÇáäøõÝõæÓõ ÞóÏú áóÇ ÊóäúÊóåöí Ýöíåö ÚöäúÏó ãöÞúÏóÇÑò¡ ÝóÑõÏøóÊú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö (3) Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÞóáøõåóÇ ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó (4) ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑóÇÊö ãóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ ÃóßúËóÑõåõ æóáóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ ÃóÞóáøõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÞõÏóÇãóÉó ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÌõæÒóÌóÇäöíøõ [æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ] (5) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò (6) : Ãóäøó ÞõÏóÇãóÉó Èúäó ãóÙúÚõæäò ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: ãóÇ íóÍúãöáõßó (7) Úóáóì Ðóáößó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: {áóíúÓó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1330 - 1331 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäúåõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/158 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÈöÇáúÌóÑöíÏö æóÇáäøöÚóÇáö.
(2) Í: ÝóáóãøóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ.
(3) Í¡ È: ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö.
(4) Í¡ È: ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó.
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Í¡ È: ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ãóÇ íóÍúãöáõßõãú.(6/84)
æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÌõäóÇÍñ ÝöíãóÇ ØóÚöãõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ æóÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 93] æóÅöäøöí ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò æóÃõÍõÏò.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÌöíÈõæÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó¡ ÝóÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäúåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÃóÌöÈúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÚõÐúÑðÇ áöáúãóÇÖöíäó áöãóäú ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊõÍóÑøóãó¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑõ æóÇáúãóíúÓöÑõ æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÈõ æóÇáúÃóÒúáóÇãõ ÑöÌúÓñ ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæåõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 90] ÍõÌøóÉð (1) Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö. Ëõãøó ÓóÃóáó ÚõãóÑõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏøö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó åóÐóì¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åóÐóì ÇÝúÊóÑóì¡ ÝóÇÌúáöÏúåõ ËóãóÇäöíäó ÌóáúÏóÉð (2) ¡ ÝóÌóáóÏó ÚõãóÑõ ËóãóÇäöíäó. ÝóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöÇáËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÌóáóÏó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ áóãøóÇ ÌóáóÏó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÖóÇÝó ÇáËóãóÇäöíäó Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò ÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöÇáËóãóÇäöíäó (3) ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ÌóáúÏõ ÇáËóãóÇäöíäó ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÞóÏú äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÌóáóÏó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌúáöÏõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóÊóÇÑóÉð ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ áöÃõÞöíãó ÍóÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ÝóíóãõæÊó¡ ÝóÃóÌöÏó Ýöí äóÝúÓöí¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ [ÝóÅöäøóåõ] áóæú ãóÇÊó (4) áóæóÏóíúÊõåõ¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íóÓõäøóåõ áóäóÇ (5) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: áöãóäú ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊõÍóÑøóãó æ: (ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑõ æóÇáúãóíúÓöÑõ) ÍõÌøóÉñ.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÝóÇÌúáöÏõæåõãú ËóãóÇäöíäó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 39.
(4) ä¡ ã¡ í¡ Ñ: ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóáóæú ãóÇÊó¡ Í: ÇáúÎóãúÑö áóæú ãóÇÊó.
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 40(6/85)
æóåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÝóãóÇ ÏõæäóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ßóáóÇãõ Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ (1) ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÝóÊóáöÝó: åóáú íóÖúãóäõ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: ÝóÞóÇáó ÌõãúåõæÑõåõãú: áóÇ íóÖúãóäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: íóÖúãóäõåõ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöäöÕúÝö ÇáÏøöíóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÌóÚóáóÇ áóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóáöÝó ÈöÝöÚúáò ãõÖóãøóäò æóÛóíúÑö ãõÖóãøóäò (2) ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÞóÓøóØó ÇáÏøöíóÉó Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÖøóÑóÈóÇÊö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíóÉö (3) ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Èóäóì åóÐóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ÊóÚúÒöíÑñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÞóÏøóÑò¡ æóãöäú ÃóÕúáöåö Ãóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉò ÛóíúÑö ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉò Öõãøöäó¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóáóÝö íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÚõÏúæóÇäõ ÇáúãõÚóÒøóÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ¡ æóÇáúãõÄóÏøöÈõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøó¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÆöÖõ ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáóíúäö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÎóÇáöÝõåõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößñ íóÞõæáóÇäö: ÇáËóãóÇäõæäó ÍóÏøñ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì íóÞõæáõ (4) : ßõáøõ ãóäú ÊóáöÝó ÈöÚõÞõæÈóÉò ÌóÇÆöÒóÉò¡ ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú æóÇÌöÈóÉð Ãóæú ãõÈóÇÍóÉð¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉð Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÚóÏøó¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÖúãóäõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÓöÑóÇíóÉó ÇáúÞóæóÏö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóáöÝó Ýöí ÚõÞõæÈóÉò
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(1) ä: ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ.
(2) Í: ãóÖúãõæäò æóÛóíúÑö ãóÖúãõæäò.
(3) Ñ¡ í: ÝóÊóÌöÈõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÏøöíóÉõ.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÝöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ íóÞõæáõ.(6/86)
ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉò æóÇÌöÈóÉò áóÇ íóÖúãóäõ¡ ßóÇáúÌóáúÏö Ýöí ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóØúÚö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö. æóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: íóÖúãóäõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö æóáóÇ íóÖúãóäõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: íóÖúãóäõ ÓöÑóÇíóÉó ÇáúÞóæóÏö æóáóÇ íóÖúãóäõ ÓöÑóÇíóÉó ÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑö áöÍóÞøö Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: íóÖúãóäõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÖúãóäõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ (1) ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ íóÖúãóäõ áóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå Ãäå ÃÓÞØÊ ÍÇãá ÎæÝÇ ãäå]
ÝóÕúáñ (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÍóÇãöáò íóÓúÊóÏúÚöíåóÇ (4) ÝóÃóÓúÞóØóÊú ÎóæúÝðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ: äóÑóÇßó ãõÄóÏøöÈðÇ æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó (5) Úóáóíúßó. Ëõãøó ÓóÃóáó (6) ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÏøöíóÉó Úóáóì ÚóÇÞöáóÊöåö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - Ýöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö¡ íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(2) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 138 (ã) .
(4) ß: ÝóÃõÌúåöÖóÊú.
(5) ß: ÝóáóÇ ÔóíúÁó.
(6) ä: Óóáú.(6/87)
æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò æóÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÒóíúÏó Èúäó ËóÇÈöÊò æóÛóíúÑóåõãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÝóÖúáöåö æóÚóÞúáöåö æóÏöíäöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ (1) ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÓóÏøö (2) ÇáäøóÇÓö ÑóÃúíðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÑúÌöÚõ ÊóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÑóÃúíö åóÐóÇ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÑóÃúíö åóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃõÊöíó ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÉò ÞóÏú ÃóÞóÑøóÊú ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÑóÌúãöåóÇ¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÓóÇßöÊñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ áóßó áóÇ ÊóÊóßóáøóãõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÇåóÇ ÊóÓúÊöåóáøõ Èöåö ÇÓúÊöåúáóÇáó ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÒøöäóÇ ãõÍóÑøóãñ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó (3) ÝóÃóÓúÞóØó ÇáúÍóÏøó ÚóäúåóÇ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó áóåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóãóÚúäóì ßóáóÇãöåö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÌúåóÑõ Èöåö æóÊóÈõæÍõ Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌúåóÑõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ æóíóÈõæÍõ ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ ãöËúáõ ÇáúÃóßúáö æóÇáÔøõÑúÈö æóÇáÊøóÒóæøõÌö æóÇáÊøóÓóÑøöí.
æóÇáöÇÓúÊöåúáóÇáõ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ æóãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöåúáóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÑóÝúÚõåõ ÕóæúÊóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúæöáóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõåõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÌóÇåöáóÉð ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãöåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏøõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ (4) ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - íóÞõæáõ: {æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõÚóÐøöÈöíäó ÍóÊøóì äóÈúÚóËó ÑóÓõæáðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 15] æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {áöÆóáøóÇ íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõÓõáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 165] . æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú ÊóÈúáõÛúåõãõ ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ ÍóÊøóì íõÏúÚóæúÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ãóäú ÃóÊóì ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóÚúáóãõ ÊóÍúÑöíãóåóÇ áöÞõÑúÈö ÚóåúÏöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ Ãóæú áößóæúäöåö äóÔóÃó ÈöãóßóÇäö Ìóåúáò áóãú íõÞóãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóäú Ãóßóáó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÇáúÎóíúØõ
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(1) È: ÝóáöåóÐóÇ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ í: ãöäú ÃóÔóÏøö.
(3) ÝóÑóÌóÚó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: æóÇáúÍóÏøõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ.(6/88)
ÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúØö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÎúØóÃõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
æóáóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈú ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ Ùóäøó ÌóæóÇÒó ÞóÊúáöåö¡ áóãøóÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÊóÚóæøõÐðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÊóáóÊö ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÃóÎóÐóÊú ãóÇáóåõ¡ áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈúåóÇ áöÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóÃóæøöáóÉð¡
æóßóÐóáößó ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáó Èóäöí ÌóÐöíãóÉó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÕóÈóÃúäóÇ¡ áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈúåõ áöÊóÃúæöíáöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ áóãú íõÚóÇÞóÈú ÎóÇáöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ãóÇáößö Èúäö äõæóíúÑóÉó áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ áöåóÐóÇ: ÃóäúÊó ãõäóÇÝöÞñ¡ áóãú íõÚóÇÞöÈúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ (1) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ: ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÍóÏøõ ÔõÈúåóÉõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏò¡ Ãóæú ÔõÈúåóÉõ ãöáúßòº Ýóãóäú ÊóÒóæøóÌó äößóÇÍðÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ æóæóØöÆó Ýöíåö áóãú íõÍóÏøó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó æóáóãú íóÚúáóãö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍóÏøõ.
ßóãóÇ ÍóÏøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇÚöÒó Èúäó ãóÇáößò ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú Úóáöãó ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÒøóÇäöíó ÇáúãõÍúÕóäó íõÑúÌóãõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóãóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ
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(1) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .(6/89)
ÈöÇáÑøóÌúãö (1) .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó íõÔóÇæöÑõåõãú¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãóäú ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ åõæó ÍóÞøñ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäú íóÊóÈóíøóäó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö ãóäóÇØõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåõ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÌóÇåöáóÉñ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãöº ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó áóãú íõÝöÏúåõãú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ Èóáú ÃóÝóÇÏóåõãú Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäó åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò Åöäøó åóÐöåö ãóÌúäõæäóÉñ¡ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÈöÌõäõæäöåóÇ Ãóæú ÈöÍóãúáöåóÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íóÊóÈóíøóäó äóÕøðÇ (2) Ãóæú ãóÚúäóì äóÕøò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÚóÇãøö¡ ßóÊóäúÈöíåö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö áóåõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÂÊóíúÊõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõäøó ÞöäúØóÇÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 20] ¡ æóßóÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö ÈöÍóÏøö ÇáúÞóÇÐöÝö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1323 - 1324 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó ãóÇÚöÒó Èúäó ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøó ÃóÊóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí æóÒóäóíúÊõ æóÅöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊõØóåøöÑóäöí¡ ÝóÑóÏøóåõ. . . . ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöÚóÞúáöåö ÈóÃúÓðÇ ÊõäúßöÑõæäó ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¿ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÒóäóÊú Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈóÊú. . . . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ íóáöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Õ 174¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÈöÏõæäö ÐößúÑö ÇÓúãö ãóÇÚöÒö Èúäö ãóÇáößò Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/68 - 69 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÈóÇÈö ãóäú Íóßóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö) ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÈóÇÈó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Êóßõæäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö 9/69 æóÝöíåö: æóÃóÞóÑøó ãóÇÚöÒñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÑóÌúãöåö¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö 3/1318 - 1321 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ) æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö 4/204 - 211 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÑóÌúãö ãóÇÚöÒö Èúäö ãóÇáößò) ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ÎóÈóÑö ãóÇÚöÒò Úóäú ÚóÏóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåõãú ÌóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÌóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÓóãõÑóÉó æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 19/41 - 42
(2) Í¡ È: äóÕøó.(6/90)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÊäÇÒÚÊ ÚäÏå ÇãÑÃÊÇä Ýí ØÝá æÃÝÊÇå Úáí ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÊóäóÇÒóÚóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊóÇäö Ýöí ØöÝúáò¡ æóáóãú (3) íóÚúáóãö ÇáúÍõßúãó¡ æóÝóÒöÚó Ýöíåö (4) Åöáóì ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøò (5) ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÏúÚóì ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóíúäö (6) æóæóÚóÙóåõãóÇ Ýóáóãú ÊóÑúÌöÚóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöãöäúÔóÇÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóÇäö: ãóÇ ÊóÕúäóÚõ Èöåö¿ (7) ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÞõÏøõåõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ äöÕúÝóíúäö ÝóÊóÃúÎõÐõ (8) ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏóÉò äöÕúÝðÇ¡ ÝóÑóÖöíóÊú æóÇÍöÏóÉñ (9) . æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: Çááøóåó Çááøóåó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÓóãóÍúÊõ áóåóÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Çááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ (10) åõæó ÇÈúäõßö ÏõæäóåóÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõåóÇ áóÑóÞøóÊú Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóÑóÝóÊö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÝóÑöÍó ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÏóÚóÇ áöÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ".
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 138 (ã) ¡ 139 (ã) .
(3) ß: Ýóáóãú.
(4) Ýöíåö: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(5) Úóáöíøò: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) ¡ æóÝöíåóÇ: ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(6) ß: ÝóÇÓúÊóÏúÚóì ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóíúäö.
(7) ß: ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóÇäö áóåõ¡ ãóÇ ÊóÕúäóÚõ.
(8) ß: ÃóÞõÏøõåõ ÈöäöÕúÝóíúäö ÊóÃúÎõÐõ.
(9) Ñ¡ í¡ ä¡ ã: ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉõ¡ ß: ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ.
(10) ß: Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÈõÏøó ÝóÞóÏú ÓóãóÍúÊõ Èöåö áóåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: Çááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ.(6/91)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÞöÕøóÉñ (1) áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ (2) ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÕöÍøóÊõåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÐóßóÑóåóÇ¡ [æóáóæú ßóÇäó áóåóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ áóÐóßóÑõæåóÇ¡] (3) æóáóÇ ÊõÚúÑóÝõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøò¡ æóáóßöäøó åöíó ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäó ÏóÇæõÏó - ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -. æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóÇäö ãóÚóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäóÇåõãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÈúäö ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáóÊú åóÐöåö (4) áöÕóÇÍöÈóÊöåóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÈúäößö¡ æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÈöÇÈúäößö¡ ÝóÊóÍóÇßóãóÇ Åöáóì ÏóÇæõÏó¡ ÝóÞóÖóì Èöåö áöáúßõÈúÑóì¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌóÊóÇ Úóáóì ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöÇáÓøößøöíäö ÃóÔõÞøõåõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáÕøõÛúÑóì: áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú íóÑúÍóãúßó Çááøóåõ¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÖóì Èöåö áöáÕøõÛúÑóì "¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÇááøóåö Åöäú ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÈöÇáÓøößøöíäö ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÏúíóÉó» (5) .
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÞóÖöíøóÉñ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ Í¡ È: ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) åóÐöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 4/162 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áöÏóÇæõÏó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó. . .) æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ãóËóáöí æóãóËóáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ßóãóËóáö ÑóÌõáò ÇÓúÊóæúÞóÏó äóÇÑðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÔõ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøõ ÊóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ßóÇäóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊóÇäö ãóÚóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäóÇåõãóÇ¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåõæó Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/156 - 157 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÇÈúäðÇ) ãõÓúáöãò 3/1344 - 1345 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö ÈóÇÈö ÈóíóÇäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ Ýöíåö: ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóÇäö ãóÚóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäóÇåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 8/206 - 207 ßöÊóÇÈö ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö ÈóÇÈö Íõßúãö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú Ýöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì 8/207 ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöÚóÉö áöáúÍóÇßöãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó áöáÔøóíúÁö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 16/202(6/92)
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: Úóáöíøñ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÓóãöÚõæåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚõæåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÈúÚóÏò¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - Ýóåøóãó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÍößóãö ãóÇ áóãú íõÝóåøöãúåõ áöÏóÇæõÏó (1) ßóãóÇ Ýóåøóãóåõ ÇáúÍõßúãó: ÅöÐú íóÍúßõãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúËö ÅöÐú äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö Ûóäóãõ ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ ÞóÏú ÓóÃóáó ÑóÈøóåõ ÍõßúãðÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ Íõßúãóåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúßóãõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÏóÇæõÏó - ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ -.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÃãÑ ÈÑÌã ÇãÑÃÉ æáÏÊ áÓÊÉ ÃÔåÑ ÝÑÏå Úáí]
ÝóÕúáñ (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÑóÌúãö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò æóáóÏóÊú áöÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ: Åöäú ÎóÇÕóãúÊõßó ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÎóÕóãúÊõßó¡ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÞõæáõ: {æóÍóãúáõåõ æóÝöÕóÇáõåõ ËóáóÇËõæäó ÔóåúÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 15] æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÇáúæóÇáöÏóÇÊõ íõÑúÖöÚúäó ÃóæúáóÇÏóåõäøó Íóæúáóíúäö ßóÇãöáóíúäö áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÊöãøó ÇáÑøóÖóÇÚóÉó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 233] ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÔöíÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó¡ ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íõÔöíÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÈöãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íõÔöíÑõ Úóáóíúåö Úóáöíøñ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íõÔöíÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íõÔöíÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõåõãú. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ãóÏóÍó Çááøóå ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóÃóãúÑõåõãú ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 38] æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊóäóÇÒöÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÈöåóÇ
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(1) Í¡ È: ÏóÇæõÏó.
(2) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ æóÇáËóáóÇËõæäó.
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 139 (ã) .(6/93)
Íóãúáñ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåóÇ ÒóæúÌñ æóáóÇ ÓóíøöÏñ æóáóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÊú ÔõÈúåóÉð: åóáú ÊõÑúÌóãõ¿ ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÝö: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊõÑúÌóãõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö: áóÇ ÊõÑúÌóãõ¡ æóåöíó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóßúÑóåóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúæóØúÁö¡ Ãóæú ãóæúØõæÁóÉð ÈöÔõÈúåóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÍóãóáóÊú ÈöÛóíúÑö æóØúÁò.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Úóäö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøóÌúãõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ãóäú Òóäóì ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÈóáõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝõ (1) . ÝóÌõÚöáó ÇáúÍóÈóáõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö ÇáÒøöäóÇ ßóÇáÔøõåõæÏö¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ (2) åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö åóáú íõÍóÏøõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÞóíøóÃó Ãóæú æõÌöÏóÊú ãöäúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉõ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäöº æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö (3) ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍõÏøõæäó ÈöÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉö æóÈöÇáúÞóíúÁö (4) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóåöÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÞóíøóÃóåóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉõ åöíó ãöËúáõ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÛóáóØö ÇáÔøõåõæÏö Ãóæú ßóÐöÈöåöãú¡ æóÛóáóØöåö Ýöí
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(1) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 8/168 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: áóÞóÏú ÎóÔöíÊõ Ãóäú íóØõæáó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö ÒóãóÇäñ ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: áóÇ äóÌöÏõ ÇáÑøóÌúãó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÝóíóÖöáøõæÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÝóÑöíÖóÉò ÃóäúÒóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøó ÇáÑøóÌúãó ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ãóäú Òóäóì æóÞóÏú ÃõÍúÕöäó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ. . . . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1317 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈö ÑóÌúãö ÇáËøóíøöÈö Ýöí ÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/203 - 204 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌúãö¡ æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö æóÇáúãõæóØøóÃö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/274 - 391
(2) ä¡ ã: æóßóÐóáößó.
(3) ã¡ È: æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö.
(4) Í¡ È: æóÇáúÞóíúÁõ.(6/94)
ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö Ãóæú ßóÐöÈöåö¡ Èóáú åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÇÊö æóÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑóÇÊö.
æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóÇ áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõÞóÇãõ ÈöåóÇ ÍóÏøñ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÍóÏøðÇ ÃõÞöíãó ÈöåóÇ (1) ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÞóÇãõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ (2) ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÍóÈóáò¡ æóáóßöäú íõÞóÇãõ ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ Ïõæäõ ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÑõÆöíóÇ ãõÊóÌóÑøöÏóíúäö Ýöí áöÍóÇÝò æóäóÍúæö (3) Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏøó íõÞóÇãõ ÈöÇáúÍóÈóáö¡ Ýóáóæú æóáóÏóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ áöÏõæäö ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò ÃõÞöíãó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÏøõ.
æóÇáúæöáóÇÏóÉõ áöÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò äóÇÏöÑóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáäøóÇÏöÑóÉõ ÞóÏú áóÇ ÊóÎúØõÑõ ÈöÇáúÈóÇáö¡ ÝóÃóÌúÑóì ÚõãóÑõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Ýöí ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúÍóãúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó ãóäö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ÊóáöÏõ áöÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ æóÞóÏú íõæÌóÏõ ÞóáöíáðÇ ãóäú ÊóáöÏõ áöÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ æóæõÌöÏó äóÇÏöÑðÇ ãóäú æõáöÏóÊú áöÃóÑúÈóÚö Óöäöíäó¡ æóæõÌöÏó ãóäú æõáöÏóÊú áöÓóÈúÚö Óöäöíäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóáóÏóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÈóÇäóÉö ÒóæúÌöåóÇ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö¡ Ýóåóáú íóáúÍóÞõåõ ÇáäøóÓóÈõ¿ Ýöíåö äöÒóÇÚñ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ¡ æóåóÐöåö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö. ÝóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö íóÍõÏøõ áöÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúÍóãúáö ÇáúãõÏøóÉó ÇáäøóÇÏöÑóÉó¡ åóÐóÇ íóÍõÏøõ ÓóäóÊóíúäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÍõÏøõ ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ (4) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÍõÏøõ ÓóÈúÚðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ äóÇÏöÑñ áóÇ íõáúÊóÝóÊõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóåóÇ æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö¡ ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ßóæúäöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóãú íóÌöÈú ÅöáúÍóÇÞõåõ Èöåö.
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(1) Í¡ È: æóãóÇ ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ¡
(2) æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÏøõ¡
(3) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(4) Í¡ È: ÃóÑúÈóÚó Óöäöíäó.(6/95)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ßÇä íÖØÑÈ Ýí ÇáÃÍßÇã]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóßóÇäó íóÖúØóÑöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÝóÞóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÞóÖöíøóÉò " (3) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÃóÓúÚóÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: Ãóäøóåõ íõÓúÞöØõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ Úóäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÓõÑóíúÌò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúÈóÑúãóßöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ åóÐóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó äöÓúÈóÉó Èóäöí ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ ßóäöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö Èóäöí ÇáúÌóÏøö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÏøö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÃóÈö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇãö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÌóÏøõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÈö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ áößóæúäöåöãú íõÏúáõæäó ÈöÈõäõæøóÉö ÇáúÃóÈö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ áóßóÇäó ÃóÈúäóÇÄõåõãú¡ æóåõãú Èóäõæ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö¡ ßóÐóáößó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóæúáóÇÏõåõãú áóíúÓõæÇ
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 139 (ã) .
(3) ß: æóÞóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöËóãóÇäöíäó ÞóÖöíøóÉð.(6/96)
ÈöãóäúÒöáóÊöåöãú¡ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõæäó ÈöÈõäõæøóÉö ÇáúÃóÈö¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÈúäó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏøö ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõåõ [- ÇÈúäõ ÇáöÇÈúäö -] (1) ÈöãóäúÒöáóÊöåö¿
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóÏøóÉó ßóÇáúÃõãøö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÌóÏøõ ßóÇáúÃóÈö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó íõÓóãøóì ÃóÈðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó íõÞóÇÓöãõ ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò æóÒóíúÏò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö (2) ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ ãõÊóÈóÇíöäðÇ.
æóÌõãúåõæÑõ Ãóåúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÒóíúÏò¡ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö Ýóáóãú íóÐúåóÈú Åöáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞúÖöí Èöåö¡ æóíõÐúßóÑõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ýöíåö ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó¡ Ýóåõæó Þóæúáñ áöÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó Þóæúáñ áöÚõãóÑó.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÝóÐó Þóæúáõ ÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÇÖöíó ÚõãóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íõäúÝöÐõ ÞóÖóÇÁóåõ (3) Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö áöæóÑóÚöåö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÏøó ßóÇáúÃóÈö ãöËúáó Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÌóÏøðÇ ÊóæóÑøóÚó (4) æóÝóæøóÖó ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí Ðóáößó áöÒóíúÏò.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " Åöäøóåõ ÞóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÞóÖöíøóÉò ".
Åöäøó ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ¡ áóãú íóÑöÏú Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóì Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÈöãöÇÆóÉö Þóæúáòº ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÌóÏøö äöÒóÇÚñ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÎóÑúÞóÇÁö
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(1) ÇÈúäõ ÇáöÇÈúäö: Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ÝóÞóØú.
(2) Í¡ È¡ í: ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÞóÖóÇíóÇåõ.
(4) ã¡ Ñ¡ í: ÊóæóÒøóÚó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/97)
Ãõãøò æóÃõÎúÊò æóÌóÏøò¡ æóÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÓöÊøóÉñ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóì Ýöí ãöÇÆóÉö ÍóÇÏöËóÉò ãöäú ÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãõãúßöäñ¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóÎúÑõÌú Þóæúáõåõ Úóäú Þóæúáóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ æóÞóæúáõ Úóáöíøò ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö íóÚúáóãõæäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ ãóÚó (1) Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó æõÌõæÏó ÌóÏøò æóÅöÎúæóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö Þóáöíáñ ÌöÏøðÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÚõãóÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÚóÔúÑó Óöäöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóãúÓóßó Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö.
æóËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ËóáóÇËñ æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó Èóíøóäóåõäøó áóäóÇ: ÇáúÌóÏøõ¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇáóÉõ¡ æóÃóÈúæóÇÈñ ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÈóÇ " (2) . æóãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝðÇ áóãú íóÍúßõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÈóíøöäú åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÝóÑöíÖóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÞóÖóÇÁóíúäö. ÞóÖóì (3) Ýöí ÇáúãõÔúÑößóÉö¡ ÝóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóì ÝöíåóÇ ãóÑøóÉð ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíßö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÖóì Ýöí äóÙöíÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÇáÊøóÔúÑöíßö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÖóíúäóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞúÖöí¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÒóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøöº ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãõÞóáøöÏóÇäö áöÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ æóåöíó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó áóÇ íõäúÞõÖõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
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(1) È: åóÐóÇ ãóÚó.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/412
(3) ä¡ ã: ÞóÖóÇ¡ Ñ: ÞóÖóÇÁð.(6/98)
æóÚóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - íõæóÇÝöÞõ Úóáóì Ðóáößóº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíöí æóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö Ãóäú áóÇ íõÈóÚúäó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäú íõÈóÚúäó " ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÞóÇÖöíåö ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ: " ÑóÃúíõßõ ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö " ÝóÚóáöíøñ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÞóæúáóÇäö¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÞóÖóì Èöåö Ýöí ÚöÊúÞöåöäøó æóãóäúÚö ÈóíúÚöåöäøó åõæó æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íóßõäú íóäúÞõÖõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÑóì Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÃúäöÝó ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Ãóäú íóÌõæÒó ÈóíúÚõåõäøó.
æóÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáõ ÇáøóÊöí áöÚóáöíøò ÝöíåóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö æóÃóßúËóÑõ ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ æóäóÝúÓõ ÇáúÌóÏøö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö ÞóÏú äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ ßóËöíÑñ.
æóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖó äõæøóÇÈöåö íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú ÞóÖöíøóÉò Ýöí Ðóáößó íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö æóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóØøöÚö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóº ÝóÅöäøóåõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÖúØóÑøñ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö¡ æóßóÑöåó Ãóäú íõÞóáøöÏóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÊóÞúØöíÚö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöÐóáößó.
ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÝöíåóÇ äóÕøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÈóáøöÛõåõ¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóØúÚö ßöÊóÇÈöåö.
æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ åóáú íóÌõæÒõ [ÈóíúÚõåõ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Ýöíåö¿] (1) Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÝóÞóØú.(6/99)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ßÇä íÝÖá Ýí ÇáÛäíãÉ æÇáÚØÇÁ]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉö æóÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈó (3) Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉõ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú íõÞóÓøöãõåóÇ åõæó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞóÓøöãõåóÇ ÇáúÌóíúÔõ ÇáúÛóÇäöãõæäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÎõãõÓõ íõÑúÓóáõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑúÓóáõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóíõÞóÓøöãõåõ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÚõãóÑõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉó íóÌöÈõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ: åóáú áöáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÛóÇäöãöíäó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó (4) áóåõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ äóÝúÚò¿
Ýöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ åõãóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ (5) : Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ «áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÝóáó Ýöí ÈöÏóÇíóÊöåö ÇáÑøõÈõÚó ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ æóÝöí ÑóÌóÚúÊöåö ÇáËøõáõËó ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÎõãõÓö» ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÛóíúÑõåõ (6) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÊóÝúÖöíáñ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÛóÇäöãöíäó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúãóÇÓö¡ æóáöÃóäøó Ýöí
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 139 (ã) .
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÃóÍóÈøó.
(4) ÊóÈóíøóäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÙóåóÑó.
(5) Í¡ í¡ È: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ.
(6) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó ÇáúÝöåúÑóíøö æóÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/106 - 107 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈö Ýöíãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÎõãõÓõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÝúáö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/159¡ 160¡ 5/319 - 320(6/100)
ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (1) ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÚúØóì ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö Óóåúãó ÑóÇÌöáò æóÝóÇÑöÓò Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÇÌöáðÇ¡ áöÃóäú ÃóÊóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáúÛóäöíãóÉö æóÅöÑúåóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÃúÊö Èöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ» (2) .
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóãóÇáößñ íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáäøóÝúáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÎõãõÓö ÇáúÎõãõÓö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (3) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: «ÛóÒóæúäóÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞöÈóáó äóÌúÏò¡ ÝóÈóáóÛóÊú ÓõåúãóÇäõäóÇ (4) ÇËøóäóì ÚóÔóÑó ÈóÚöíÑðÇ¡ æóäóÝóáóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚöíÑðÇ ÈóÚöíÑðÇ» (5) . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÝúáõ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÎõãõÓõ ÇáúÎõãõÓö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóåóÐöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íóÓõæÛõ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáó áöáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö æóÞóáúÈöåö (6) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó íõÝóÖøöáõ Ýöíåö æóíóÌúÚóáõ
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(1) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö ÇáØøóæöíáö Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 3/1433 - 1441 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈö ÛóÒúæóÉö Ðöí ÞóÑóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóäóÕøõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Õ 1439 Ëõãøó ÃóÚúØóÇäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Óóåúãóíúäö: Óóåúãó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓö æóÓóåúãó ÇáÑøóÇÌöáö¡ ÝóÌóãóÚóåõãóÇ áöí ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/53
(3) Í¡ È: Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡
(4) Ñ: ÓöåóÇãõäóÇ.
(5) ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/160 (ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞöÈóáó äóÌúÏò) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 6/261¡ 262¡ 7/195
(6) ä¡ ã: æóíóÏöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/101)
ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãóÑóÇÊöÈó¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÆöäú ÚöÔúÊõ Åöáóì ÞóÇÈöáò áóÃóÌúÚóáóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈóÇÈðÇ (1) æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ Ãóíú äóæúÚðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íõÓóæøöí Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ íõÓóæøöí ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõËúãóÇäõ íõÝóÖøöáõ¡ æóåöíó ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ Ýóåóáú áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ Ýöíåö áöáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö åõãóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó Ýöíåö ".
Ýóåõæó áóãú íóÐúßõÑú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóæú ÐóßóÑó ÏóáöíáðÇ áóÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÊóßóáøóãõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÓøóãó ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËó Èóíúäó ÇáúÌöäúÓö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÁö¡ æóáóãú íõÝóÖøöáú ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöÕöÝóÉò¡ æóÃóÌóÇÈó ÇáúãõÝóÖøöáõæäó ÈöÃóäøó Êöáúßó ÊóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÈöÓóÈóÈò áóÇ ÈöÚóãóáò (2) . æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ «ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Óóæøóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇäöãö Èóíúäó ÇáúÌöäúÓö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóì ÇáÑøóÇÌöáó ÓóåúãðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÓúåõãò» ¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö (3) . . æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö: ãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó. æóÞöíáó:
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈóíóÇäðÇ¡ È: ÈöÈóÇäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä: áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/136 - 137 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÈóÇÈö ÛóÒúæóÉö ÎóíúÈóÑó¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÓøóãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóæúãó ÎóíúÈóÑó áöáúÝóÑóÓö Óóåúãóíúäö æóáöáÑøóÇÌöáö ÓóåúãðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÓøóÑóåõ äóÇÝöÚñ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÝóÑóÓñ Ýóáóåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÓúåõãò¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÝóÑóÓñ Ýóáóåõ Óóåúãñ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó 4 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈó ÓöåóÇãö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö¡ ãõÓúáöãñ 3/1383 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÞöÓúãóÉö ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó¡ Óõäóäõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/101 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÓõåúãóÇäö ÇáúÎóíúáö¡ Óõäóäõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/56 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí Óóåúãö ÇáúÎóíúáö(6/102)
ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Óóåúãóíúäö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇãõ ÎóíúÈóÑó ÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÓúåõãò: ÓóåúãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÓóåúãóíúäö áöÝóÑóÓöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÎóíúáõ ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÝóÑóÓò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãöÇÆóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÓøóãó ÎóíúÈóÑó Úóáóì ËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÓóåúãðÇ¡ ßõáøõ ãöÇÆóÉò Ýöí Óóåúãò¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóì Ãóåúáó ÇáúÎóíúáö ÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉö Óóåúãò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ æóÃóÚúØóì ÃóáúÝðÇ æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö áöÃóáúÝò æóãöÇÆóÊóíú ÑóÌõáò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÑõßúÈóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÓúåöãú áöáúÅöÈöáö ÚóÇãó ÎóíúÈóÑó» (1) .
æóÇáúãõÌóæøöÒõæäó áöáÊøóÝúÖöíáö ÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáö ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ íõÝóÖøöáõ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÃóÕóÍøõ: Ãóäú (2) ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáó áöãóÕúáóÍóÉò ÑóÇÌöÍóÉò ÌóÇÆöÒñ.
æóÚõãóÑõ áóãú íõÝóÖøöáú áöåóæðì æóáóÇ ÍóÇÈóì¡ Èóáú ÞóÓøóãó ÇáúãóÇáó Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏøóãó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Ëõãøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú [ãöäú] (3) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó íõäúÞöÕõ äóÝúÓóåõ æóÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ Úóäú äõÙóÑóÇÆöåöãú¡ ÝóäóÞóÕó ÇÈúäóåõ æóÇÈúäóÊóåõ Úóãøóäú ßóÇäóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäúåõ.
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(1) Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/101 - 102 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöíãóäú ÃóÓúåóãó áóåõ ÓóåúãðÇ Úóäú ãõÌóãøöÚö Èúäö ÌóÇÑöíóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÑóÃõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÔóåöÏúäóÇ ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉó ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: ÝóÞõÓøöãóÊú ÎóíúÈóÑõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÓøóãóåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÓóåúãðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÌóíúÔõ ÃóáúÝðÇ æóÎóãúÓóãöÇÆóÉò¡ Ýöíåöãú ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉö ÝóÇÑöÓò¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóì ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓó Óóåúãóíúäö¡ æóÃóÚúØóì ÇáÑøóÇÌöáó ÓóåúãðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÃóÕóÍøõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÑóì Çáúæóåúãó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ãõÌóãøöÚò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉö ÝóÇÑöÓò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÝóÇÑöÓò.
(2) ä¡ Ñ: áöÃóäøó.
(3) ãöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/103)
æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõØúÚóäõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ãóäú ÝóÖøóáó áöåóæðì¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ æóÌúåó Çááøóåö - ÊóÚóÇáóì æóØóÇÚóÉó ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÊóÚúÙöíãó ãóäú ÚóÙøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÊóÞúÏöíãó ãóäú ÞóÏøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ - ÝóåóÐóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ æóáóÇ íõÐóãøõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúØöí áöäõÙóÑóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÃóÞóÇÑöÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáóæú Óóæøóì áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎõãõÓõ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: ÓóÞóØó ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåöãú íóÊöíãñ Ãóæú ãöÓúßöíäñ¡ ÝóíõÚúØóì áößóæúäöåö íóÊöíãðÇ Ãóæú ãöÓúßöíäðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: Èóáú åõæó áöÐöí ÞõÑúÈóì æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ýóßõáøõ æóáöíøö ÃóãúÑò (1) íõÚúØöí ÃóÞóÇÑóÈóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò¡ ãöäúåõãú [ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æó] ÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò (2) ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ (3) . æóÞóÏú äõÞöáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: Èóáö ÇáúÎõãõÓõ íõÞóÓøóãõ ÎóãúÓóÉó ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: Èóáö ÇáúÎõãõÓõ Åöáóì ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö íõÞóÓøöãõåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ßóãóÇ íõÞóÓøóãõ ÇáúÝóíúÁõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉöº ãóÇáößò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýóßõáøõ ÇãúÑöÆò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ËóæúÑò.
(3) ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(6/104)
ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íóÏõáøõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
ÝóãóÕúÑöÝõ ÇáúÝóíúÁö æóÇáúÎõãõÓö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÏöíæóÇäõ ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí áöÚõãóÑó íõÞóÓøóãõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎõãõÓõ æóÇáúÚóØóÇÁõ ÌóãöíÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÎõãõÓó ãóßóÇÓöÈö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõãú æóíõÕúÑóÝõ Åöáóì ãóäú íóÑóæúäóåõ åõæó äóÇÆöÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ãóæú Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáñ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ ÞóØøõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: áóÇ Úóáöíøñ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö: áóÇ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóßõáøõ ãóäú äóÞóáó åóÐóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ ßóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö æóÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑö æóÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚó Óöäöíäó æóÈóÚúÖó ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐú ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ Èóáú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåö ÞóØøõ ÎõãõÓñ ãóÞúÓõæãñ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÝóãóÇ ÎóãøóÓó áóÇ åõæó æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÛõäöãúÊó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ (1) ÎõãøöÓóÊú ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ áóßöäøó Ýöí ÚóåúÏöåö áóãú íóÊóÝóÑøóÛö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó áöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÎóãøöÓú ÃóãúæóÇáó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ØóÇáóÈó ÃóÍóÏðÇ (2) ÞóØøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÎõãõÓö
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(1) È: ÃóãúæóÇáñ.
(2) ä¡ ã¡ È: æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ Ñ¡ í: æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ØóÇáöÈñ ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ Í: æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ØóÇáöÈñ ÃóÍóÏðÇ. æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃõËúÈöÊõåõ.(6/105)
ãóÇáöåö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: áóíúÓó áöÂáö ãõÍóãøóÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú æóÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó åõæó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÞúÓøöãõ ãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó: íõÞóÓøöãõ ÇáúÛóäóÇÆöãó Èóíúäó ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóíõÞóÓøöãõ ÇáúÎõãõÓó æóÇáúÝóíúÁó.
æóåóÐöåö åöíó ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÄõåõ íóÊóæóáøóæúäó ÞöÓúãóÊóåóÇ (1) . æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ áóåóÇ ßõÊõÈðÇ ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð¡ æóÌóãóÚõæÇ ÈóíúäóåóÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó: íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÞóÓúãó ÇáúÛóäóÇÆöãö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö.
æóÇáøóÐöí ÊóäóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö áóåõãú Ýöíåö ãóÃúÎóÐñ¡ ÝóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö: {æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ ÃóäøóãóÇ ÛóäöãúÊõãú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÝóÃóäøó áöáøóåö ÎõãõÓóåõ æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì æóÇáúíóÊóÇãóì æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÂãóäúÊõãú ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏöäóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö íóæúãó ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÌóãúÚóÇäö æóÇááøóåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 41] .
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÝóíúÁö: {ãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞõÑóì Ýóáöáøóåö æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì æóÇáúíóÊóÇãóì æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö ßóíú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÏõæáóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁö ãöäúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó: {æóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäúåõãú ÝóãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÝúÊõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Îóíúáò æóáóÇ ÑößóÇÈò æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íõÓóáøöØõ ÑõÓõáóåõ Úóáóì ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 6] .
æóÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÝóíúÁö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÎóáúÞó áöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáó íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ ÝóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ áóãøóÇ ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÚóÈóÏõæÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞõæÇ
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(1) Í¡ È¡ Ñ¡ í: ÞóÓúãóåóÇ.(6/106)
ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöíäó áöáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ ÝóÃóÈóÇÍó Çááøóåõ áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÞóÊúáóåõãú æóÃóÎúÐó ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú¡ ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú ÝóíúÆðÇ ÃóÚóÇÏóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú åõãõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó áóåõ¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇáò ÃõÎöÐó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÝóíúÆðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉö.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÛóäóÇÆöãö Íõäóíúäò: " «áóíúÓó áöí ãöãøóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÎõãõÓõ¡ æóÇáúÎõãõÓõ ãóÑúÏõæÏñ Úóáóíúßõãú» " (1) .
áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäúåõãú ÝóãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÝúÊõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Îóíúáò æóáóÇ ÑößóÇÈò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 6] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞõÑóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] ÕóÇÑó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÝóíúÁö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö áóãøóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ãöäó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÞöÊóÇáò.
æóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóíúÁó áóÇ íõÎóãøóÓõ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÞóÇØöÈóÉð¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøõ æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó: íõÎóãøóÓõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøõäóäó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÎúãõÓõæÇ ÝóíúÆðÇ ÞóØøõ¡ Èóáú ÃóãúæóÇáõ Èóäöí ÇáäøóÖöíÑößóÇäóÊú Ãóæøóáó ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúãõÓúåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Èóáú ÎóãóÓó ÛóäöíãóÉó ÈóÏúÑò¡ æóÎóãóÓó ÎóíúÈóÑó æóÛóäóÇÆöãó Íõäóíúäò.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÎúãõÓõæäó ÇáúÌöÒúíóÉó æóÇáúÎóÑóÇÌó.
æóãóäúÔóÃõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó áóÝúÙõ ÂíóÉö ÇáúÎõãõÓö æóÂíóÉö ÇáúÝóíúÁö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýóåúãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÑóÃóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ Ãóäøó ÂíóÉó ÇáúÎõãõÓö ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íõÞúÓøóãó ÇáúÎõãõÓõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÈöÇáÓøóæöíøóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÏóÇæõÏó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/208 - 209(6/107)
ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøö¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÙóäøõæÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Ëõãøó Åöäú ÂíóÉó ÇáúÝóíúÁö áóÝúÙõåóÇ ßóáóÝúÙö ÂíóÉö ÇáúÎõãõÓö¡ ÝóÑóÃóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóíúÁó ßõáøóåõ íõÕúÑóÝõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÕúÑöÝó ÇáúÎõãõÓö Åöáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóåõæó Þóæúáñ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÝóÓóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöÐóÇ ÏõÝöÚó ÇáúÝóíúÁõ ßõáøõåõ Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇÝö¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÙõäøõæäóåõ ÙóÇåöÑó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÏóÈøóÑõæäó ÚóæóÇÞöÈó Þóæúáöåöãú¡ æóÑóÃóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ Ýöí ÂíóÉö ÇáúÝóíúÁö: {Ýóáöáøóåö æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÐóáößó: ÎõãõÓõ ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÝóÑóÃóæúÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóíúÁó íõÎúãóÓõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ: åóÐóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {Ýóáöáøóåö æóáöáÑøóÓõæáö æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì æóÇáúíóÊóÇãóì æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] ¡ áóãú íóÞõáú: ÎõãõÓõåõ áöåóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {áöáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäú ÏöíÇÑöåöãú æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 8] ¡ {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÈóæøóÁõæÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑó æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 9] {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÌóÇÁõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 10] æóåóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó áöáúÝóíúÁö ßõáøöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÎõãõÓõåõ¿
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÞóÇáó: " åóÐöåö ÚóãøóÊö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ßõáøóåõãú ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ÝóæóÇÝóÞõæÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎõãõÓó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó Óóåúãó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ Ýöí ÍóíøóÇÊöåö¡ æóÐóæõæ ÞõÑúÈóÇåõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäóåõ áöäóÕúÑöåöãú áóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÓóÞóØó ÈöãóæúÊöåö ÝóÓóÞóØó Óóåúãõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÞóØó Óóåúãõåõ.(6/108)
æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ÞóÇáóÇ: Èóáú íõÞóÓøóãõ Óóåúãõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö Ýöí ãóÕúÑöÝö ÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßõÑóÇÚö æóÇáÓøöáóÇÍö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö: åóáú ßóÇäó ÇáúÝóíúÁõ ãöáúßðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: äóÚóãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÃõÖöíÝó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: áóãú íóßõäú ãöáúßðÇ áóåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ Ýöíåö ÊóÕóÑøõÝó ÇáúãóÇáößö.
æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ: Ðóæõæ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì åõãú Ðóæõæ ÞõÑúÈóì (1) ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóÇ ÃóØúÚóãó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøðÇ ØõÚúãóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áöãóäú (2) íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ» " (3) .
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Ãóäøó ãóÕúÑöÝó ÇáúÎõãõÓö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó áöáøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÕúÑóÝõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛõ Úóäö Çááøóåö: {æóãóÇ ÂÊóÇßõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÝóÎõÐõæåõ æóãóÇ äóåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ ÝóÇäúÊóåõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] .
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(1) ÞõÑúÈóì: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) ä¡ ã: áöáøóÐöí.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 3/198 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÝóíúÁö¡ ÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÕóÝóÇíóÇ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáØøõÝóíúáö ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁóÊú ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÊóØúáõÈõ ãöíÑóÇËóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóØúÚóãó äóÈöíøðÇ ØõÚúãóÉð Ýóåöíó áöáøóÐöí íóÞõæãõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò íóÓöíÑò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/160 æóÕóÍøóÍó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÔóÇßöÑò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.(6/109)
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøöí æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÚúØöí ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÃóãúäóÚõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÞóÇÓöãñ ÃóÖóÚõ ÍóíúËõ ÃõãöÑúÊõ» " (1) . ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÚúØöí ÇáúãóÇáó áöãóäú ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö áóÇ áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ åõæó¡ æóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÖóÇÝóåõ Åöáóíúåö áößóæúäöåö ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö áóÇ áößóæúäöåö ãóÇáößðÇ áóåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö äóÕöíÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúäóãö æóãóÇ æõÕøöíó áóåõ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöáúßóåõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Óõãøöíó ÇáúÝóíúÁõ ãóÇáó Çááøóåö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ ÕóÑúÝõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõº Ãóíú: Ýöí ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö¡ Ãóíú áóÇ íóÕúÑöÝõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÝöíãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúãóãúáõæßóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÂÊõæåõãú ãöäú ãóÇáö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÂÊóÇßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøõæÑö: 33] ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÖöÝúåõ Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Èóáú ÌóÚóáóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÞóæúáõåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóáöÐöí ÇáúÞõÑúÈóì æóÇáúíóÊóÇãóì æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö áöáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁö Èöåöãú¡ áóÇ áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåöãú ÈöÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ßóíú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÏõæáóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁö ãöäúßõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÊóÏóÇæóáõæäóåõ æóÊóÍúÑöãõæäó ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãõÎúÊóÕøðÇ ÈöÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö áóãú íóßõäú áöáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÏõæáóÉð.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóãóÇ ÂÊóÇßõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÝóÎõÐõæåõ æóãóÇ äóåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ ÝóÇäúÊóåõæÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 7] ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ áöáúÝóíúÁö æóÇáúãóÛóÇäöãö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÞúÓõæãóÉð ãóÍúÏõæÏóÉð ßóÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ áóãú íóßõäú áöáÑøóÓõæáö ÃóãúÑñ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ äóåúíñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎõáóÝóÇÆöåö ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÎóãøöÓú ÞóØøõ ÎõãõÓðÇ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 2/206(6/110)
ÎóãúÓóÉó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò æóáóÇ ÎõáóÝóÇÄõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÚúØõæäó ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì ãöËúáó ãóÇ íõÚúØõæäó ÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäó¡ Èóáú íõÚúØõæäó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇáúíóÊóÇãóì ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó (1) ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÊóÇãóì ÃóÛúäöíóÇÁõ Ýóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íõÓóæøõæäó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÚúØóæúåõãú¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóæöí ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚó ÐößúÑöåóÇ.
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ßÇä íÃÎÐ ÈÇáÑÃí æÇáÍÏÓ æÇáÙä]
ÝóÕúáñ (2)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (3) : " æóÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÇáúÍóÏúÓö æóÇáÙøóäøö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Èóáú Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÞóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÒóíúÏñ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõ Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÏöãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÙóÇÆöãö.
ßóãóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó (4) æóÛóíúÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò (5) ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÚóáöíøò: ÃóÎúÈöÑúäóÇ Úóäú ãóÓöíÑößó åóÐóÇ¡ ÃóÚúåóÏñ ÚóåöÏóåõ Åöáóíúßó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóãú ÑóÃúíñ ÑóÃóíúÊóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÚóåöÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóíøó ÔóíúÆðÇ (6) æóáóßöäøóåõ ÑóÃúíñ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ËóÇÈöÊñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÑúæö Úóáöíøñ
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ¡ È: ÞóÏú ßóÇäó.
(2) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó
(3) Ýöí (ß) Õ 139 (ã) .
(4) 4/300 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö.
(5) ä¡ Í: ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó.
(6) Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: ÈöÔóíúÁò.(6/111)
- ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ Èóáú Ñóæóì ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉó åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÊóÇáõ ÇáúÌóãóáö æóÕöÝøöíäó Ýóáóãú íóÑúæö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ýöíåö äóÕøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏõæäóº ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÑóæóæõÇ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÑúæóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö (1) ÇáäøóÇßöËöíäó æóÇáúÞóÇÓöØöíäó æóÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó Ýóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãóæúÖõæÚñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (2) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÃúíó Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÐúãõæãðÇ ÝóáóÇ áóæúãó Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáó Èöåö (3) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÐúãõæãðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÑóÃúíó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÐóãøðÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíò ÃõÑöíÞó Èöåö Ïóãõ ÃõáõæÝò ãõÄóáøóÝóÉò ãöäó
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(1) Ñ: ÈöÞöÊóÇáö.
(2) ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö 3/139 - 140 ÍóÏöíËóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáäøóÇßöËöíäó æóÇáúÞóÇÓöØöíäó æóÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÂáöåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ áöÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: ÊõÞóÇÊöáõ ÇáäøóÇßöËöíäó æóÇáúÞóÇÓöØöíäó æóÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó ÈöÇáØøõÑõÞóÇÊö æóÇáäøóåóÑóæóÇäóÇÊö æóÈöÇáÔøóÚóÝóÇÊö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃóíøõæÈó: ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÚó ãóäú ÊõÞóÇÊöáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ãóÚó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóáóãú íõÚóáøöÞö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóáúÎöíÕö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö: ÞõáúÊõ: áóãú íóÕöÍøó¡ æóÓóÇÞóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÖóÚöíÝóíúäö¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚöÑóÇÞò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÊóäúÒöíåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö 1/387 ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÃõãöÑúäóÇ ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ÇáäøóÇßöËöíäó æóÇáúÞóÇÓöØöíäó æóÇáúãóÇÑöÞöíäó ãóÚó Úóáöíøò Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: (ÍÈ) æóÝöíåö ÃóÕúÈóÛõ Èúäõ äõÈóÇÊóÉó¡ æóÚóäúåõ: Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóÑõæÒö¡ ÔöíÚöíøñ ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ ÊõÚöÞøöÈó ÈöÃóäøó áóåõ ØõÑõÞðÇ ÃõÎúÑóì ÛóíúÑó åóÐöåö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÃõãöÑúÊõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáö ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÈöÓóäóÏò ÖóÚöíÝò¡ æóãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóßóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Ýöí ÅöíÖóÇÍö ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøõ: æóÃóÓóÇäöíÏõåóÇ áóíøöäóÉñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö Õ 383 æóÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ãóÊúÑõæßóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ.
(3) Ñ: Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáóåõ.(6/112)
ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ áóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú æóáóÇ Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ Èóáú äóÞóÕó ÇáúÎóíúÑõ ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäó¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÇáÔøóÑøõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíö áóÇ íõÚóÇÈõ (1) Èöåö¡ ÝóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö æóÇáØøóáóÇÞö Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚóÇÈó (2) . ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÔóÑóßóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóÇãúÊóÇÒó ÈöÑóÃúíöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó áóÇ íóÑóæúäó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáó ãóÕúáóÍóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíõ ÃóÕúáóÍó (3) ãöäú ÑóÃúíö ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö.
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó Þóæúáó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ßóÇäó ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó: ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÑóÃúíöí æóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÈóíúÚö ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúÂäó ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóäú íõÈóÚúäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÞóÇÖöíåö ÚóÈöíÏóÉõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøõ: ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÑóÃúíö ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößö æóÍúÏóßó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: " ÇÞúÖõæÇ ßóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÞúÖõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóßúÑóåõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ Ãóæú ÃóãõæÊõ ßóãóÇ ãóÇÊó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí "¡ ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó íóÑóì Ãóäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó ãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäú Úóáöíøò ßóÐöÈñ (4) .
æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÑößóÊú ãöäú Þóæúáö Úóáöíøò æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ ÝóÈóáóÛóÊú ÔóíúÆðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ ßóÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÐúåóÈó Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÃóäøóåóÇ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÃõÑöíÞóÊú¡
(2) Í: íõÚóÇÞóÈó.
(3) Í: ÃóÕóÍøõ.
(4) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/19 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÇÈö ãóäóÇÞöÈö Úóáöíøò.(6/113)
ÊóÚúÊóÏøõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó ÃóÝúÊóì ÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóäóÇÈöáö Èúäõ ÈóÚúßóßò Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ «ÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÓõÈóíúÚóÉõ ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøóÉõ æóÐóßóÑóÊú Ðóáößó áóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: " ßóÐóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóäóÇÈöáö¡ Èóáú ÍóáóáúÊö ÝóÇäúßöÍöí ãóäú ÔöÆúÊö» " (1) . æóßóÇäó ÒóæúÌõåóÇ ÞóÏú ÊõæõÝøöíó ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö ÐóäúÈðÇ¡ ÝóÐóäúÈõ ÛóíúÑö ÚõãóÑó - ßóÚóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö - ÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÐóäúÈó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÍóáøó ÏöãóÇÁó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÑóÃúíò¡ åõæó ÐóäúÈñ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÐóäúÈö ãóäú Íóßóãó Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉò ÌõÒúÆöíøóÉò ÈöÑóÃúíöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÕóæóÇÈñ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ ÝóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÃóÓúÚóÏõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó Ýöí ÑóÃúíöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÑóÃúíö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ Ýöí ÑóÃúíö ÛóíúÑöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÑóÃúíöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÃúíõ ßõáøõåõ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ (2) ÇáøóÐöí ãóÕúáóÍóÊõåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ åõæó ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ãóÕúáóÍóÊõåõ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóÂÑóÇÁõ ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäóÊú ãóÕóÇáöÍõåõÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
ÝóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÚõãóÑõ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáÑøóÃúíö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íõÍúãóÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÎóÝøõ ãöäúåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íõÐóãøõ¡ æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóßõãú ãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóÚõãóÑõ» " (3) .
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÑóÃúíó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö Çáúãõáúåóãö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÑóÃúíö ãóäú áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝóæúÞõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÍóÇáõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÇáúãõÊóáóÞøöí ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó¡ áóßöäøó ÚõãóÑó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑöåöãú.
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/243.
(2) Í¡ È: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó.
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò.(6/114)
æóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: " «ÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÚõãóÑó æóÞóáúÈöåö» " (1) . æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõãóÑó íóÞõæáõ áöÔóíúÁò Åöäøöí áóÃóÑóÇåõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ. (2)
ÝóÇáäøõÕõæÕõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÑóÃúíó ÚõãóÑó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú ÑóÃúíö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÂËóÇÑõ ÑóÃúíöåö ãóÍúãõæÏóÉð¡ ÝöíåóÇ ÕóáóÇÍõ (3) ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÊóÍó ÈöáóÇÏó ÝóÇÑöÓó æóÇáÑøõæãö¡ æóÃóÚóÒøó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ æóÃóÐóáøó Èöåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÇáäøöÝóÇÞó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí æóÖóÚó ÇáÏøöíæóÇäó¡ æóÝóÑóÖó ÇáúÚóØóÇÁó¡ æóÃóáúÒóãó Ãóåúáó ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ÈöÇáÕøóÛóÇÑö æóÇáúÛöíóÇÑö¡ æóÞóãúÚö ÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóæøóãó ÇáúÚõãøóÇáó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÃóÚóÒøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó.
æóãóÇ íóÊóãóÇÑóì Ýöí ßóãóÇáö ÓöíÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÚöáúãöåö æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÝóÖúáöåö ãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãöÓúßóÉò ãöäú ÚóÞúáò æóÅöäúÕóÇÝò¡ æóáóÇ íóØúÚóäõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõ ÑóÌõáóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ãõäóÇÝöÞñ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ ãõáúÍöÏñ ÚóÏõæøñ áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ íóÊóæóÕøóáõ ÈöÇáØøóÚúäö ÝöíåöãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÚúäö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõ ÇáúãõÚóáøöãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäö ÇÈúÊóÏóÚó ÇáÑøóÝúÖó¡ æóÍóÇáõ ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÌóÇåöáñ ãõÝúÑöØñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúåóæóì¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóì ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ: Úóáöíøñ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÑóÃúíöåö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ Ýóåõæó ãöËúáõ äóÕøö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕõ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÊöåö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
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(1) ãóÖøóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò.
(2) ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: 5/48 ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . .¡ ÈóÇÈö ÅöÓúáóÇãö ÚõãóÑó.
(3) Ñ: ÕóÇáöÍõ.(6/115)
Þöíáó áóåõ: äóÙöíÑõßó Ýöí ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ¡ ßõáøõåõãú íõßóÝøöÑõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÚúáóãõ æóÃóÕúÏóÞõ æóÃóÏúíóäõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö¡ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßõáøõ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÍóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåöãú: " «íõÍóÞøöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÕóáóÇÊóåõ ãóÚó ÕóáóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÕöíóÇãóåõ ãóÚó ÕöíóÇãöåöãú¡ æóÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ ãóÚó ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåöãú» " (1)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇÊóáõæåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóÞóÊúáóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóåõãú ÌõíõæÔñ æóÚõáóãóÇÁõ æóãóÏóÇÆöäõ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö - æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÈúÊóÏöÚóÉñ ÖóÇáøõæäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÞöÊóÇáõåõãú ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóáöíøðÇ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö ÃóÚúãóÇáöåö ÞöÊóÇáõåõ ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó.
æóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ãóÚó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ãöËúáó ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - áóßöäú åóáú íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ãóÚó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÌóæúÑö¿ ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäú ãóÇáößò Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó¡ (2) æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó Ýöíãóäú äóÞóÖó ÇáúÚóåúÏó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö: áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó ãóÚó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÌóæúÑö¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäú ãóÇáößò æóÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (3) ÎóÇáóÝõæåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: íõÛúÒóì ãóÚó ßõáøö ÃóãöíÑò ÈóÑøðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÝóÇÌöÑðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÒúæõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÚóáõåõ
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/47¡ 150.
(2) ÓóÞóØóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ãöäú (Í) ¡ æóÝöí (í) ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ãóäøóåõãú íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÞóÇÊöáõæäó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (í) .
(3) ä: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/116)
ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÊóáó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó Ãóæö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Ãóæú äóÇÞöÖöí ÇáúÚóåúÏö Ãóæö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó ÞöÊóÇáðÇ ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ ÞõæÊöáó ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇÊóáó ÞöÊóÇáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÌóÇÆöÒò áóãú íõÞóÇÊóáú ãóÚóåõ¡ ÝóíõÚóÇæóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇæóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöËúãö æóÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íõÓóÇÝöÑõ ãóÚó ãóäú íóÍõÌøó æóíóÚúÊóãöÑó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÇÝöáóÉö ãóäú åõæó ÙóÇáöãñ.
ÝóÇáÙøóÇáöãõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÚóÇæóäó Úóáóì ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó - ÊóÚóÇáóì - íóÞõæáõ: {æóÊóÚóÇæóäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóáóÇ ÊóÚóÇæóäõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöËúãö æóÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 2] .
æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: {ÑóÈøö ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíøó Ýóáóäú Ãóßõæäó ÙóåöíÑðÇ áöáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 17] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {æóáóÇ ÊóÑúßóäõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ÝóÊóãóÓøóßõãõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ åõæÏò: 113] .
æóÞóÇáó - ÊóÚóÇáóì -: {ãóäú íóÔúÝóÚú ÔóÝóÇÚóÉð ÍóÓóäóÉð íóßõäú áóåõ äóÕöíÈñ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóäú íóÔúÝóÚú ÔóÝóÇÚóÉð ÓóíøöÆóÉð íóßõäú áóåõ ßöÝúáñ ãöäúåóÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 85] .
æóÇáÔøóÝöíÚõ: ÇáúãõÚöíäõ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú ÃóÚóÇäó ÔóÎúÕðÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÝóÞóÏú ÔóÝøóÚóåõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÚóÇäó ÃóÍóÏñ: áóÇ æóáöíøõ ÃóãúÑò æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÑøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áöáÑøóÌõáö ÐõäõæÈñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÈöÑøðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÈöÑøö¡ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ãõÐúäöÈñ Ãóäú íõÄóÏøöíó ÒóßóÇÊóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÍõÌøó¡ Ãóæú íóÞúÖöíó Ïõíõæäóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÑõÏøó ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö¡ Ãóæú íõæÕöíó Úóáóì ÈóäóÇÊöåö - ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÚöíäó Úóáóíúåö Ýóåõæó ÅöÚóÇäóÉñ Úóáóì ÈöÑøò æóÊóÞúæðì¡ áóíúÓó ÅöÚóÇäóÉð Úóáóì ÅöËúãò æóÚõÏúæóÇäò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ¿(6/117)
æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏõ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ æõáóÇÉõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÛúÒõ ãóÚóåõãú¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑó áóÇ íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó¡ ÝóÊóÝúÊõÑõ ÚóÒóãóÇÊõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøöíäö Úóäö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÚóØøóáó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóäúÝóÑöÏó Èöåö ÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑõ¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁõ ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ Ãóæú ÙõåõæÑõ ÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáÏøöíäó áöãóäú ÞóÇÊóáó Úóáóíúåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíõ ãöäú ÃóÝúÓóÏö ÇáúÂÑóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÑóÃúíõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó áöÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö: ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏöäóÇ ÝóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøõÝõæÓó æóÓóÈóæõÇ ÇáúÍóÑöíãó æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáó¡ åóáú äõÞóÇÊöáõåõãú¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÛúÒõæ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝúÊöí ãóÚó ÚóÇãøöíøóÊöåö (1) : æóÇááøóåö Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãóÐúåóÈñ äóÌöÓñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÝóÓóÇÏö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
æóÕóÇÍöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÊóæóÑøóÚó (2) ÝöíãóÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ÙõáúãðÇ¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó Ýöí ÃóÖúÚóÇÝö ãóÇ ÊóæóÑøóÚó (3) Úóäúåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÑóÚö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏö¡ æóÃóíúäó Ùõáúãõ ÈóÚúÖö æõáóÇÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ãöäö ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ Èóáú ãöäö ÇÓúÊöíáóÇÁö ãóäú åõæó ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöäúåõ¿ ÝóÇáúÃóÞóáøõ ÙõáúãðÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚóÇæóäó (4) Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÙõáúãðǺ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉó ãóÈúäóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÊóßúãöíáöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÚúØöíáö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¡ æóÊóÞúáöíáöåóÇ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÎóíúÑö ÇáúÎóíúÑóíúäö æóÔóÑøö ÇáÔøóÑøóíúäö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÏøóãó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÒóÇÍõãö (5) ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÎóíúÑóíúäö æóíõÏúÝóÚó ÔóÑøõ ÇáÔøóÑøóíúäö.
æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÔóÑøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáÙøóÇáöãö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÙúáöãõæäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúãõÞóÇÊöáõ áóåõãú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÙúáöãóåõãú¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäñ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÚóÇæóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ãóÚó ÚóÇãøóÊöåö.
(2) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: äõæÒöÚó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: äõæÒöÚó¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: Ãóäú íõÚóÇäó.
(5) Í¡ Ñ: ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÊöÒóÇãò¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/118)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÌÚá ÇáÃãÑ ÔæÑì ÈÚÏå æÎÇáÝ ãä ÊÞÏãå]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÔõæÑóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÝóæøöÖö ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Èóáú ÊóÃóÓøóÝó Úóáóì ÓóÇáöãò ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí (3) ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÍóíøðÇ áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÌúäöí Ýöíåö Ôóßøñ¡ æóÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøñ ÍóÇÖöÑñ. (4)
æóÌóãóÚó Ýöíãóäú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö (5) ¡ æóãöäú ÍóÞøö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö. Ëõãøó ØóÚóäó (6) Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ áöáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏó (7) ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóíøöÊðÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ (8) ÍóíøðÇ. Ëõãøó ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ [ãóíøöÊðÇ] (9) ÈöÃóäú ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉò¡ Ëõãøó äóÇÞóÕó (10) ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò¡ Ëõãøó Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ Ëõãøó Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú æóÕóÝóåõ
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó.
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 139 (ã) ¡ 140 ã.
(3) ÃóÈöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ß) .
(4) ß: æóÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍóÇÖöÑñ.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ãóäú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö¡ Í¡ È: æóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö.
(6) Í: Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ØóÚóäó.
(7) ß: Ãóäú íõÞóáøöÏó.
(8) ß: ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóáøóÏó.
(9) ãóíøöÊðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (ß) .
(10) ä¡ Í¡ í¡ È: äóÇÞóÖó.(6/119)
ÈöÇáÖøóÚúÝö æóÇáúÞõÕõæÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Åöäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (1) æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÕóÇÑõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉð ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Þóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÇÑó Ýöíåöãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ áöÚöáúãöåö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ (2) æóÚõËúãóÇäó áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò æóÇÍöÏò (3) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áóÇ íóÚúÏöáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó (4) Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö æóåõæó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÇÈúäõ Úóãøöåö (5) ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÖóÑúÈö ÃóÚúäóÇÞöåöãú Åöäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò (6) ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÔøóÑóÉö ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö (7) ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ãöäúåõãú (8) ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó [ÇáøóÐöíäó Èóíúäóåõãú] ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö (9) ¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáÏøöíäö.
æóÞóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò: æóÅöäú (10) æóáöíÊóåóÇ - æóáóíúÓõæÇ ÝóÇÚöáöíäó (11) - áóÊóÑúßóÈóäøóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãóÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÖóÇÁö¡ æóÝöíåö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõæóáøõæäóåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó áöÚõËúãóÇäó: Åöäú æóáöíÊóåóÇ áóÊóÑúßóÈóäøó Âáõ ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò (12) Úóáóì ÑöÞóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÅöäú (13) ÝóÚóáúÊó áóÊõÞúÊóáóäøó. æóÝöíåö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÞóÊúáöåö ".
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(1) ß: ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(2) ß: ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(3) æóÇÍöÏñ: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ß) .
(4) ß: ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö.
(5) Í¡ È: Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ Úóãøöåö¡ ß: Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö æóåõæó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÇÈúäõ Úóãøöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÃóÊóÇåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ß) .
(8) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ (æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó) ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) (ã) æóåöíó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí åóÇãöÔö (ß) æóáóßöäøóåóÇ ÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäó ÇáØøöÈóÇÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì áöáúßöÊóÇÈö.
(9) ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó Èóíúäóåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ß) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö.
(10) Í¡ È: áöÚóáöíøò Åöäú¡ ß: áöÚóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÅöäú.
(11) Í¡ È: ÈöÝóÇÚöáöíäó.
(12) ä¡ ã: Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò. Í¡ Ñ¡ È: Âáõ Èóäöí ãõÛóíúØò¡ ß: Âáõ ÃóÈöí ãõÛóíúØò æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ åõæó ãóÇ Ýöí í¡ ß ÇáúãóØúÈõæÚóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
(13) ß: áóÆöäú.(6/120)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ßõáøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ÞöÓúãóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÞóÏúÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóãóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÕöÏúÞñ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáØøóÚúäó Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Èóáú Ðóáößó ãóÚúÏõæÏñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáöåö æóãóÍóÇÓöäöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóÊóãó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ Úóãóáóåõ.
æóáóßöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÞóæúãó áöÝóÑúØö Ìóåúáöåöãú æóåóæóÇåõãú íóÞúáöÈõæäó ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóíóÃúÊõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú æóÚõáöãó ÃóäøóåóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú¡ æóÅöáóì ÃõãõæÑò ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú æóíõÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ßóÇäóÊú¡ æóíóÃúÊõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÎóíúÑñ æóÕóáóÇÍñ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: åöíó ÝóÓóÇÏñ æóÅöáóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÝóÓóÇÏñ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: åöíó ÎóíúÑñ æóÕóáóÇÍñº ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõãú áóÇ (1) ÚóÞúáñ æóáóÇ äóÞúáñ¡ Èóáú áóåõãú äóÕöíÈñ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóæú ßõäøóÇ äóÓúãóÚõ Ãóæú äóÚúÞöáõ ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÚöíÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Çáúãõáúßö: 10] .
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÔõæÑóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó äóæúÚóÇäö: ÎöáóÇÝõ ÊóÖóÇÏøò¡ æóÎöáóÇÝõ ÊóäóæøõÚò¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãöËúáó Ãóäú íõæÌöÈõ åóÐóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóíõÍóÑøöãõåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ æóÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãöËúáõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íóÌõæÒõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó:
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(1) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (È) .(6/121)
" «Åöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó äóÒóáó (1) Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ ßõáøõåóÇ ÔóÇÝò ßóÇÝò» " (2) .
æóËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó æóåöÔóÇãó Èúäó Íóßöíãö Èúäö ÍöÒóÇãò ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃóåóÇ åóÐóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåò¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áößöáóíúåöãóÇ: " åóßóÐóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú " (3) .
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏóÇÊö ßóÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÊóÔóåøõÏö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÃóáúÝóÇÙõåõãóÇ ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈóÉñ¡ æóÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÊóÔóåøõÏö ÚõãóÑó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ãöäúÈóÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÌóÇÈöÑò ÇááøóæóÇÊöí (4)
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(1) Í¡ È¡ í: ÃõäúÒöáó.
(2) åóÐóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 3/122 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÎõÕõæãö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖò) 6/184 - 185 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÃõäúÒöáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ 9/17 - 18 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáöíäó 9/158 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÝóÇÞúÑóÃõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/560 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 4/263 - 264 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊö ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 2/101 - 102 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúæóÊúÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÃõäúÒöáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò Óõäóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö 2/116 - 117 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇÝúÊöÊóÇÍö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÌóÇãöÚö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/224¡ 274 - 275¡ 283 - 284 æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) 3/122 ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ åöÔóÇãó Èúäó Íóßöíãö Èúäö ÍöÒóÇãò íóÞúÑóÃõ ÓõæÑóÉó ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÄõåóÇ¡ ÝóÌöÆúÊõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ åóÐóÇ íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÃúÊóäöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ÃóÑúÓöáúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇÞúÑóÃú. ÝóÞóÑóÃó. ÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áöí: ÇÞúÑóÃú. ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú¡ Åöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ ÝóÇÞúÑóÃõæÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó.
(4) Í¡ È: ÇáøóÊöí.(6/122)
ÑóæóÇåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõãú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. (1)
Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÓóÇÆöÛñ æóÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏóÇÊö: ÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäöåö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáöãóåõ æóáöÇÚúÊöíóÇÏöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö ÑõÌúÍóÇäóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæõÌõæåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÐóÇäö æóÊóÑúßõ (2) ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäö ÃóÈöí ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó¡ æóÑõæöíó Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑõ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÑõæöíó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 1/162 - 163¡ ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö ÈóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ãõÓúáöãò 1/301 - 302 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ãõÓúáöãò 1/303 - 304 ÇáúãóæúÖöÚó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: ãõÓúáöãò 1/302 - 303 ÇáúãóæúÖöÚó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Óõäóäó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/350 - 351 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÇáúãõæóØøóÃó 1/90 - 91 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÔóåøõÏö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ: ÇáúãõæóØøóÃó 1/91 - 92 ÇáúãóæúÖöÚó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 2/63¡ 8/51 - 52¡ 59¡ 72¡ 9/116¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/177 - 178 ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÊóÔóåøõÏó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÌóÇÈöÑò æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÊóÔóåøõÏó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 4/408 - 409¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/290 - 291 ßöÊóÇÈó ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÇÈó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ÊóÔóåøõÏó ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/26 - 28 ÕöÝóÉó ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö áöáúÃóáúÈóÇäöíøö Ø 11¡ 1403 1983 Õ 142 - 145
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÊóÑúßõåõ.(6/123)
ÇáÓøõäóäö Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäö ÈöáóÇáò (1) .
æóßóÐóáößó æóÊúÑõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäö ÈöáóÇáò¡ æóÔóÝúÚõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäö ÃóÈöí ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÈöÃóÐóÇäö ÈöáóÇáò æóÅöÞóÇãóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÃóÐóÇäö ÃóÈöí ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÈöáóÇáò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÃóÐóÇäö ÈöáóÇáò æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÃóÈöí ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉó (2) .
æóßõáøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ ÈöÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ãóäú íóßúÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖó Ðóáößó¡ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö (3) Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú ßóæúäõåõ Óõäøó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö¡ ÝóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ãóäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÓõäøóÉñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÎóæúÝö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöíåóÇ ÃóäúæóÇÚñ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ¡ ßóÕóáóÇÉö ÐóÇÊö ÇáÑøöÞóÇÚö æóÕóáóÇÉö ÚõÓúÝóÇäó æóÕóáóÇÉö äóÌúÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú ÈöÚõÓúÝóÇäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÕóáóÇÉð (4) æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ áóßöäú ÌóÚóáóåõãú ÕóÝøóíúäö¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÝøõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÑóßóÚõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóÓóÌóÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÕøóÝøõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÊóÎóáøóÝó ÇáÕøóÝøõ (5)
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(2) ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí Ðóáößó: ÇáúãõÛúäöíó áöÇÈúäö ÞõÏóÇãóÉó 1/358 - 359¡ ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 1/227 - 265
(3) ä¡ ã: ÅöãøóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö.
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(5) ÇáÕøóÝøõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/124)
ÇáúÂÎóÑõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö áöíóÍúÑõÓõæÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóãøõæÇ áöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóÝöí ÇáÑøóßúÚóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏóÉö¡ ÊóÎóáøóÝó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÕøóÝøóíúäö Úóäö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ãóÚóåõ áöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÍóÑúÓö¡ æóåóÐöåö ãóÔúÑõæÚóÉñ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ æöÌóÇåó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö.
æóÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ áöáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóÎóáøõÝö ÇáúãóÃúãõæãö (1) áöÚõÐúÑò ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáÑøóßúÚóÉö¡ ßóÇáÒøóÍúãóÉö æóÇáäøóæúãö æóÇáúÎóæúÝö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÈúØöáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ ÊóÎóáøóÝó Úóäúåõ.
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ßóÇäó íóÌúÚóáõåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏõæøõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÌöåóÉö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö (2) ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íõÕóáøöí ÈöØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÑóßúÚóÉð¡ Ëõãøó íõÝóÇÑöÞõæäóåõ (3) æóíõÊöãøõæäó áöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó íõÕóáøöí ÈöÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÇáÑøóßúÚóÉó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó¡ æóíõÊöãøõæäó áöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÞóÈúáó ÓóáóÇãöåö ÝóíõÓóáøöãõ Èöåöãú¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ÃóÍúÑóãõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó ÓóáøóãõæÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Õóáøóì Èöåöãú Ýöí ÐóÇÊö ÇáÑøöÞóÇÚö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÃóÔúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö íóÎúÊóÇÑõæäóåóÇ¡ áóßöäøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäú ÊõÓóáøöãó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßóÇáúãóÓúÈõæÞö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó íóÎúÊóÇÑõæäó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Èöåö ÇáäøóÞúáõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÓúÈõæÞó ÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÛóíúÑõåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö (4) ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ßõáøóåóÇ ÝóíõÓóáøöãõ Èöåöãú¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì áóãú ÊõÊöãøó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÓóáøöãõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåöãú¡ áöíóßõæäó ÊóÓúáöíãõåõ ÈöÇáúãóÃúãõæãöíäó.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÅöãóÇãö.
(2) Í¡ È: ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö.
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(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: ÞóÏú Õóáøóì ãóÚó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÛóíúÑõåõ.(6/125)
ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãöÝúÊóÇÍõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáØøõåõæÑõ¡ æóÊóÍúÑöíãõåóÇ ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑõ¡ æóÊóÍúáöíáõåóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãõ» " ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäú Úóáöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö (1) .
æóãöäúåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ äóÌúÏò: Õóáøóì ÈöØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÑóßúÚóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈóÊú Åöáóì æöÌóÇåö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊú (2) ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÝóÕóáøóì Èöåöãõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóì æöÌóÇåö ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóÑóÌóÚó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ÝóÃóÊóãøõæÇ ÈöÑóßúÚóÉò (3) ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÝóÃóÊóãøõæÇ ÈöÑóßúÚóÉò (4) .
æóåóÐöåö íóÎúÊóÇÑõåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó áöÃóäøóåóÇ Úóáóì æóÝúÞö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ æóÇÓúÊöÏúÈóÇÑõ ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö (5) áöÚõÐúÑò¡ æóåõæó íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó áöãóäú ÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇáúÍóÏóËõ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÕóáóæóÇÊñ (6) ÃõÎúÑóì.
æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÈóÚúÖó Ðóáößó ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÊøóäóæøõÚö (7) .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúÊóÇÍóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ßóÇÓúÊöÝúÊóÇÍö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇáøóÐöí
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(1) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 1/47 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÈóÇÈö ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 1/5 - 6 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ãóäøó ãöÝúÊóÇÍó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáØøõåõæÑõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÕóÍøõ ÔóíúÁò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö æóÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú 1/101 ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö æóÓõäóäöåóÇ¡ ÈóÇÈö ãöÝúÊóÇÍö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáØøõåõæÑõ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 2/218 - 240 æóÇäúÙõÑú: ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 2/9 - 10.
(2) Í: æóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÑóßúÚóÉð.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÑóßúÚóÉð.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÕóáóÇÉñ.
(7) ÇäúÙõÑú Úóäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÎóæúÝö æóãóÇ íóÌúÑöí ãóÌúÑóÇåóÇ: ÇáúãõÛúäöíó áöÇÈúäö ÞõÏóÇãóÉó 2/332 - 349 ÅöÑúæóÇÁó ÇáúÛóáöíáö 3/42 - 50(6/126)
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æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÕöÝóÇÊõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÐóÉö¡ æóÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÉö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõßõæÚö æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáÊøóØóæøõÚö: íõÎóíøóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö æóÇáúÞõÚõæÏö¡ æóíõÎóíøóÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÌóåúÑö ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáúãõÎóÇÝóÊóÉö (2) Åöáóì ÃóãúËóÇáö Ðóáößó.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÊóÎúíöíÑõ ÇáúÍóÇÌøö Èóíúäó ÇáÊøóÚúÌöíáö (3) Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö ãöäú ÃóíøóÇãö ãöäðì æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóÃóÎøõÑö Åöáóì (4) Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÞöÓúãóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ íóßõæäõ (5) ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö ÈöÏõæäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ýöí ÃóÕúáóÍöåöãóÇ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóßõæäõ ÊóÎúíöíÑõåõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö.
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(2) Í¡ È: ÇáúÌóåúÑö æóÇáúãõÎóÇÝóÊóÉö ÈöÇááøóíúáö.
(3) È: ÇáÊøóÚóÌøõáö.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Ýöí.
(5) ä¡ ã: Ãóäú íóßõæäó.
(6) ä¡ ã: íóÊóÕóÑøóÝõ.(6/127)
áöÛóíúÑöåöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúÏö æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúÏö¡ Ãóæú Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞúÏö æóÇáäøóÓöíÆóÉö¡ Ãóæú Èóíúäó ÇÈúÊöíóÇÚö åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøöäúÝö æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÕøöäúÝö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÈóíúÚö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõæÞö æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõæÞö¡ Ýóåõæó ÊóÎúíöíÑõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉò æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÚúÏöáó ÚóãøóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÕúáóÍó áöãóäö ÇÆúÊóãóäóåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÔóÞøóÉñ ÊõÓóæøöÛõ áóåõ ÊóÑúßóåõ.
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÊóÕóÑøõÝõ æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ßóÇáúÃóÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóíøóÑõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúÞóÇÞö¡ æóßóÐóáößó Èóíúäó Çáúãóäøö æóÇáúÝöÏóÇÁö ÚöäúÏó ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ «ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ Ýöíåöãú íóæúãó ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÝöÏóÇÁö¡ æóÔóÈøóåóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚöíÓóì¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö¡ æóÔóÈøóåóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöäõæÍò æóãõæÓóì¡ æóáóãú íóÚöÈú æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö Èöåö¡ Èóáú ãóÏóÍóåõ æóÔóÈøóåóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö» (1) . æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÍóÊúãðÇ áóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ æóáöíøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöí¡ ÝóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÎúÊóÇÑó ÃóÕúáóÍó ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó íóÎúÊóáöÝõ æóíóßõæäõ ÌóãöíÚõåõ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ÑóÃúíõåõ Ãóäú íõæóáøöíó ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö Ýöí ÍõÑõæÈöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ íõÔöíÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóäú íóÚúÒöáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÚúÒöáõåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÓóíúÝñ Óóáøóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó áóãøóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÚóÒóáóåõ æóæóáøóì ÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäó ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÕúáóÍó Ýöí æóÞúÊöåöº ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóÇäó Ýöíåö áöíäñ¡ æóÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó Ýöíåö
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú äóÕøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 131 - 135(6/128)
ÔöÏøóÉñ¡ æóßóÇäóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÓúÊóÔöíÑõåõãóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞúÊõãóÇ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò áóãú ÃõÎóÇáöÝúßõãóÇ» " (1) . æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóÛóÇÒöíåö: " Åöäú íõØöÚö ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó íóÑúÔõÏõæÇ» ". (2) .
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö " «ßóíúÝó ÊóÑóæúäó ÇáúÞóæúãó ÕóäóÚõæÇ Íöíäó ÝóÞóÏõæÇ äóÈöíøóåõãú æóÃóÑúåóÞóÊúåõãú ÕóáóÇÊõåõãú¿ " ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ¿ Åöäú íõØöíÚõæåõãóÇ [ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÔóÏõæÇ æóÑóÔóÏóÊú ÃõãøóÊõåõãú¡ æóÅöäú íóÚúÕõæåõãóÇ] (3) ÝóÞóÏú ÛóæóæúÇ æóÛóæóÊú ÃõãøóÊõåõãú " ÞóÇáóåóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ» (4) .
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(1) Ñóæóì ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/52 æóÚóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÈò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóíøóÏóäöí ÈößõãóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÃóäøóßõãóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝóÇäö Úóáóíøó ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúÊõßõãóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö æóÝöíåö ÍóÈöíÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÈöíÈò ßóÇÊöÈõ ãóÇáößò æóåõæó ãóÊúÑõæßñ. Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ 9/53: æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö Ûóäúãò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó: áóæö ÇÌúÊóãóÚúÊóÇ Ýöí ãóÔõæÑóÉò ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúÊõßõãóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúåóíúËóãöíøõ: ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó Ûóäúãò áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(2) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò Øóæöíáò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö Ýöí: ãõÓúáöãò 1/472 - 474 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊóÉö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÊóÚúÌöíáö ÞóÖóÇÆöåóÇ. æóÃóæøóáõåõ: ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÓöíÑõæäó ÚóÔöíøóÊóßõãú æóáóíúáóÊóßõãú. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö: ÝóÅöäú íõØöíÚõæÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó íóÑúÔõÏõæÇ. ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/298 æóÝöíåö: æóÅöäú íõØöÚö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó íóÑúÔõÏõæÇ. ÞóÇáóåóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.(6/129)
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö (1) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö [ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú] ÚõãóÑó (2) ÞóÇáó: " «áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÈóÏúÑò äóÙóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóåõãú ÃóáúÝñ¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóåõãú (3) ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉò æóÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó (4) ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (5) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ãóÏøó íóÏóíúåö ÝóÌóÚóáó (6) íóåúÊöÝõ ÈöÑóÈøöåö: " Çááøóåõãøó ÃóäúÌöÒú áöí ãóÇ æóÚóÏúÊóäöí¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÂÊöäöí (7) ãóÇ æóÚóÏúÊóäöí¡ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäú Êóåúáößú (8) åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÕóÇÈóÉõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóÇ ÊõÚúÈóÏú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö " ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íóåúÊöÝõ ÈöÑóÈøöåö ãóÇÏøðÇ íóÏóíúåö ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó (9) ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÓóÞóØó ÑöÏóÇÄõåõ Úóäú ãóäúßöÈóíúåö (10) ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÑöÏóÇÁóåõ ÝóÃóáúÞóÇåõ Úóáóì ãóäúßöÈóíúåö (11) ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÊóÒóãóåõ ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö ßóÝóÇßó (12) ãõäóÇÔóÏóÊõßó ÑóÈøóßó¡ [ÝóÅöäøóåõ] (13) ÓóíõäúÌöÒõ áóßó ãóÇ æóÚóÏóßó¡ ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÐú ÊóÓúÊóÛöíËõæäó ÑóÈøóßõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóßõãú Ãóäøöí ãõãöÏøõßõãú ÈöÃóáúÝò ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ãõÑúÏöÝöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 9] ÝóÃóãóÏøóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö» . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ Òõãóíúáò: «ÝóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó
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(1) \ 3 1383 - 1385 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöãúÏóÇÏö ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÈóÏúÑò.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó.
(3) æóåõãú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò (ã) .
(4) æóÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÓóÈúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó.
(5) ãõÓúáöãò: äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö.
(6) ÝóÌóÚóáó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÌóÚóáó.
(7) ãõÓúáöãò: ÂÊö.
(8) Í¡ È¡ Ñ¡ í: Åöäøóßó Åöäú Êóåúáößú.
(9) Í¡ È: ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáðÇ.
(10) ãóäúßöÈóíúåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ (ä) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ãóäúßöÈöåö.
(11) ãóäúßöÈóíúåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ (ä) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ãóäúßöÈöåö.
(12) ã¡ í: ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò: ßóÐóÇßó.
(13) ÝóÅöäøóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .(6/130)
ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íóæúãóÆöÐò íóÔúÊóÏøõ Ýöí ÃóËóÑö ÑóÌõáò ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÃóãóÇãóåõ¡ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚó ÖóÑúÈóÉð ÈöÇáÓøóæúØö ÝóæúÞóåõ¡ æóÕóæúÊó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓö íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÞúÏöãú ÍóíúÒõæãõ (1) ¡ ÝóäóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößö ÃóãóÇãóåõ ÝóÎóÑøó ãõÓúÊóáúÞöíðÇ¡ ÝóäóÙóÑó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏú (2) ÎõØöãó (3) ÃóäúÝõåõ æóÔõÞøó æóÌúåõåõ ßóÖóÑúÈóÉö ÇáÓøóæúØö (4) . ÝóÇÎúÖóÑøó Ðóáößó ÃóÌúãóÚõ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÝóÍóÏøóËó ÈöÐóáößó (5) ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÕóÏóÞúÊó¡ Ðóáößó (6) ãöäú ãóÏóÏö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö " ÝóÞóÊóáõæÇ íóæúãóÆöÐò ÓóÈúÚöíäó æóÃóÓóÑõæÇ ÓóÈúÚöíäó. ÝóÞóÇáó (7) ÃóÈõæ Òõãóíúáò: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÓóÑõæÇ ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó: " ãóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: [íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö] (8) åõãú Èóäõæ ÇáúÚóãøö æóÇáúÚóÔöíÑóÉö¡ ÃóÑóì Ãóäú ÊóÃúÎõÐó ãöäúåõãú ÝöÏúíóÉð¡ ÝóÊóßõæäó (9) áóäóÇ ÞõæøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó (10) ¡ ÝóÚóÓóì Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóåõãú áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ãóÇ ÊóÑóì íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¿ " ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÑóì
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(1) ÍóíúÒõæãõ: ßóáöãóÉõ ÒóÌúÑò áöáúÝóÑóÓö ãóÚúáõæãóÉñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåöãú¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÓúãõ ÝóÑóÓö Çáúãóáóßö.
(2) ãõÓúáöãò: ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú.
(3) ÇáúÎóØúãõ: ÇáúÃóËóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÝö.
(4) ßóÖóÑúÈóÉö ÇáÓøóæúØö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : áöÖóÑúÈöåö ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áöÖóÑúÈöåö ÈöÇáÓøóæúØö.
(5) ÈöÐóáößó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Ðóáößó.
(6) Í¡ Ñ¡ ã: ÐóÇßó.
(7) ãõÓúáöãò: ÞóÇáó.
(8) íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö: Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò ÝóÞóØú.
(9) ÝóÊóßõæäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Êóßõæäõ.
(10) ãõÓúáöãò: ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö.(6/131)
ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóßöäøöí (1) ÃóÑóì Ãóäú ÊõãóßøöäóäóÇ (2) ÝóäóÖúÑöÈó (3) ÃóÚúäóÇÞóåõãú¡ ÝóÊõãóßøöäó ÚóáöíøðÇ ãöäú ÚóÞöíáò ÝóíóÖúÑöÈó ÚõäõÞóåõ¡ æóÊõãóßøöäøöí (4) ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò - äóÓöíÈò (5) . áöÚõãóÑó - ÝóÃóÖúÑöÈó ÚõäõÞóåõº ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÕóäóÇÏöíÏõåóÇ (6) ¡ Ýóåóæóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÞóÇáó (7) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóãú íóåúæó ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõ (8) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÛóÏö ÌöÆúÊõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò [ÞóÇÚöÏóíúäö] (9) íóÈúßöíóÇäö. ÞõáúÊõ (10) : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßó ÃóäúÊó æóÕóÇÍöÈõßó (11) ¿ ÝóÅöäú æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈõßóÇÁð ÈößóíúÊõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÈõßóÇÁð ÊóÈóÇßóíúÊõ áöÈõßóÇÆößõãóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ÃóÈúßöí áöáøóÐöí ÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõßó (12) ãöäú ÃóÎúÐöåöãõ ÇáúÝöÏóÇÁó¡ áóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíøó ÚóÐóÇÈõåõãú ÃóÏúäóì ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ((13) ÔóÌóÑóÉò ÞóÑöíÈóÉò ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -) ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ - ÊóÚóÇáóì (14) -
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(1) æóáóßöäøöí: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóáóßöäú.
(2) ãõÓúáöãò: ÊõãóßøöäøóÇ.
(3) í: ÝóÊóÖúÑöÈó.
(4) ä¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: æóÊõãóßøöäóäöí.
(5) ãõÓúáöãò: äóÓöíÈðÇ
(6) ÕóäóÇÏöíÏõåóÇ: Ãóíú ÃóÔúÑóÝõåóÇ.
(7) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ.
(8) ä¡ ã¡ í: ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõåõ.
(9) ÞóÇÚöÏóíúäö: Ýöí (È) ¡ ãõÓúáöãò ÝóÞóØú.
(10) ä¡ ã: ÝóÞõáúÊõ.
(11) ãõÓúáöãò: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóÎúÈöÑúäöí ãöäú Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò ÊóÈúßöí ÃóäúÊó æóÕóÇÍöÈõßó.
(12) ä¡ ã: Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÑóÖó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó.
(13) ä¡ ã: áöÔóÌóÑóÉò.
(14) ãõÓúáöãò: æóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó.(6/132)
{ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöäóÈöíøò Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõ ÃóÓúÑóì ÍóÊøóì íõËúÎöäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} (1) ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 67] " ÞóÇáó (2) : " ÝóÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉó» (3) .
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «Åöäøó ãóËóáóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóãóËóáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäøöí æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøóßó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 36] Ãóæú ßóãóËóáö ÚöíÓóì ÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ÊõÚóÐøöÈúåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÚöÈóÇÏõßó æóÅöäú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú ÝóÅöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 118] æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóßó íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ßóãóËóáö äõæÍò ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ äõæÍò: 26] " æóÞóÇáó: " íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ßóãóËóáö ãõæÓóì (4) ÞóÇáó: {æóÇÔúÏõÏú Úóáóì ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑóæõÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} » ) [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 88] (5) ".
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(1) ãõÓúáöãò: ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÝóßõáõæÇ ãöãøóÇ ÛóäöãúÊõãú ÍóáóÇáðÇ ØóíøöÈðÇ [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 69] .
(2) ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò.
(3) ãõÓúáöãò: ÝóÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉó áóåõãú¡ æóÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 1/244 - 245 æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö 4/18 - 19¡ æóÞóÇáó: æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó Èúäö ÚóãøóÇÑò Èöåö¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ.
(4) Í¡ È: ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ Ãóæú ßóãóËóáö ãõæÓóì.
(5) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö áöáúÍóÇßöãö 3/21 - 22 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóáóãú íõÎúÑöÌóÇåõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 5/227 - 229¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏ ÔóÇßöÑ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚöåö¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö (ÇáÓøöíÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉõ) . ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ãõÕúØóÝóì ÚóÈúÏ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö 2/458 - 459 æóÞóÇáó: æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö 3/129 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúãóÔõæÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó æóÃóäóÓò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ 4/335 - 336 ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚóíúäö: ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì¿ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/181 æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚöåö.(6/133)
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó¡ æóÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÝóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõåõ ÞóÇáó (1) : " «áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÈóÏúÑò ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃõÓóÇÑóì (2) ¿ " ÝóÞóÇáó (3) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Þóæúãõßó æóÃóåúáõßó¡ ÇÓúÊóÈúÞöåöãú æóÇÓúÊóÃúäö Èöåöãú¡ áóÚóáøó Çááøóåó íóÊõæÈõ (4) Úóáóíúåöãú. æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ßóÐøóÈõæßó æóÃóÎúÑóÌõæßó (5) ¡ ÞóÑøöÈúåõãú æóÇÖúÑöÈú ÃóÚúäóÇÞóåõãú " ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÏóÎóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóãú íóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúåöãú ÔóíúÆðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ
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(1) ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉõ åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÔóÑúäóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö 5/227 - 229
(2) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö: ÇáúÃóÓúÑóì.
(3) ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ Í¡ È: æóÝöí ÈóÇÞöí ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÞóÇáó.
(4) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö: Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó.
(5) ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö: ÃóÎúÑóÌõæßó æóßóÐøóÈõæßó.(6/134)
Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: " Åöäøó ãóËóáóßó (1) íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóãóËóáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÞóÇáó: {Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäøöí æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøóßó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 36] æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ßóãóËóáö ÚöíÓóì ÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ÊõÚóÐøöÈúåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÚöÈóÇÏõßó æóÅöäú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú ÝóÅöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 118] æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóßó íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ßóãóËóáö äõæÍò ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ äõæÍò: 26] æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóßó íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ßóãóËóáö ãõæÓóì ÞóÇáó: {æóÇÔúÏõÏú Úóáóì ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÑóæõÇ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} » [ÓõæÑóÉõ íõæäõÓó: 88] .
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøöäúÌöíøö ÇÈúäö ÎóÇáöÏò Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó: " áóæúáóÇ ÃóäøóßõãóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝóÇäö Úóáóíøó ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúÊõßõãóÇ» " (2) .
æóßóÇäó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÔöíÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -.
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÉó Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÈöÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ãóÓúÑõæÞò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÍõãóíúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ÍõÏóíúÑò (3) ¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÞóÏöãó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøõ (4) ÇáúßõæÝóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ ÔöãúÑõ Èúäõ
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö 5/228 ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóíõáöíäõ ÞõáõæÈó ÑöÌóÇáò Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó Ãóáúíóäó ãöäó ÇááøóÈóäö¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóíóÔõÏøõ ÞõáõæÈó ÑöÌóÇáò Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäøó ãóËóáóßó.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊò ÞóáöíáóÉò Õ 129 Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞöí Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(3) Ñ: ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö ÌõÏóíúÑò¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ Úóäú (ä) ¡ æóÝöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 5/221 ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò ÃóÈõæ ãóÑúíóãó ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÔöãúÑõ Èúäõ ÚóØöíøóÉó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÍõÏóíúÑñ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ÍõÏóíúÑõ Èúäõ ßõÑóíúÈò ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøõ¡ ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 2/218 - 219
(4) æóåõæó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 8/63 - 67¡ æóãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 126 æóÞöíáó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó.(6/135)
ÚóØöíøóÉó (1) : ÞõæãõæÇ Åöáóíúåö (2) ¡ ÝóÌóáóÓúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÊóÍóÏøóËõæÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÎóÑóÌúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ íóÔõßøõ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏöãúÊõ ÇáúÂäó æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó æóíóÞõæáõæäó¡ æóáóÇ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ".
æóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÖóãúÑóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÍóÓóäò (3) ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ áóíúËó Èúäó ÃóÈöí Óõáóíúãò (4) íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì æóãóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõæäó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÍóÏðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó (5) ¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÞóÇáó: ÍõÈøñ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÝóÖúáöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ". (* æóãóÓúÑõæÞñ ãöäú ÃóÌóáøö ÊóÇÈöÚöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ØóÇæõÓñ: " ÍõÈøõ
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(1) ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 4/364 - 365 æóÝöíåóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøõ æóåõæó ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäúåõ æóæóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãöäú ãóæóÇáöíåö.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÖóãúÑóÉó æóÚóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÃõÑóÌøöÍõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÊóÍúÑöíÝðÇ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÖóãúÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÓóäóÉó Ãóæö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóäøóÉó¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 4/461 æóåõæó ËöÞóÉñ.
(4) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö 3/420 - 423 æóåõæó ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö æóËøóÞóåõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ßóËöíÑõæäó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔóæúÐóÈò¡ Úóäú áóíúËò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóãóÇ íõÝóÖøöáõæäó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÃóÍóÏðÇ. æóÇÈúäõ ÔóæúÐóÈò åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÔóæúÐóÈò ÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò 5/255: æóÚóäúåõ ÖóãúÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó æóåõæó ÑóÇæöíóÊõåõ¡ ÝóáóÚóáøó ÇáÓøóäóÏó ÕöÍøóÊõåõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÖóãúÑóÉõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔóæúÐóÈò.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö Èúäö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÇáúãóÎúÒõæãöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ æóÚóäúåõ ÇáÓøõÝúíóÇäóÇäö¡ ÊóÑúÌóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö 3/95 - 96(6/136)
ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÝóÖúáöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö *) ". (1) æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò.
æóßóíúÝó áóÇ ÊõÞóÏøöãõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäú ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÎóíúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ ". (2) æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõ ËóãóÇäöíäó ØóÑöíÞðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ (3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäúåõ [Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö] (4) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÎóÕøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÚóáöíøò ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ:
æóáóæú (5) ßõäúÊõ ÈóæøóÇÈðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÌóäøóÉò áóÞõáúÊõ áöåóãúÏóÇäó ÇÏúÎõáöí (6) ÈöÓóáóÇãò
æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ [æóåõæó åóãúÏóÇäöíøñ] (7) Úóäú ãõäúÐöÑò [æóåõæó åóãúÏóÇäöíøñ] (8) Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö¡ ãóäú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó ÃóæóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõ¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Ëõãøó ãóäú¿ ÞóÇáó: ÚõãóÑõ. æóåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ áöÇÈúäöåö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõ¡ áóíúÓó åõæó ãöãøóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáóåõ ÊõÞúíóÉð æóíóÑúæöíóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÞóÇáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/11 - 12¡ 308¡ 2/72
(3) Í¡ È: æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì.
(4) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã: áóæú.
(6) ä¡ ã: ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ.
(7) æóåõæó åóãúÏóÇäöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/12(6/137)
æóÚóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: " áóÇ ÃõæÊóì ÈöÃóÍóÏò íõÝóÖøöáõäöí Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÌóáóÏúÊõåõ ÌóáúÏó ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöí " (1) .
æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Úóäúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» " (2) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõ Þóæúáóíö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö - æóåõæó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó - Ãóäøó ÞóæúáóåõãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ ÚóäúåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑó Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÎöáóÇÝõåóÇ¡ áöÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓõäøóÊöåöãú.
æóßóÇäó äóÈöíøõäóÇ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÈúÚõæËðÇ ÈöÃóÚúÏóáö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóÃóßúãóáöåóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáÖøóÍõæßõ ÇáúÞóÊøóÇáõ¡ æóåõæó äóÈöíøõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö¡ æóäóÈöíøõ ÇáúãóáúÍóãóÉö. Èóáú ÃõãøóÊõåõ ãóæúÕõæÝõæäó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ãöËúáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÔöÏøóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÑõÍóãóÇÁõ Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 29]
[æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì] (3) : {ÃóÐöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] . ÝóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ÔöÏøóÉö åóÐóÇ æóáöíäö åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóíóÃúãõÑõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóÏúáõ (4) ¡ æóåõãóÇ íõØöíÚóÇäöåö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáõåõãóÇ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÈóÖó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ¡ æóÕóÇÑó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÎöáóÇÝóÉó äõÈõæøóÉò¡ ßóÇäó ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäú (5) íõæóáøöíó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/308 æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö 1/83 ÑóÞúãõ 49 æóÖóÚøóÝó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/489
(3) æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ.
(5) Ñ: Ãóäøóåõ.(6/138)
ÇáÔøóÏöíÏó æóíóÓúÊóÚöíäó Èöåö áöíóÚúÊóÏöáó ÃóãúÑõåõ¡ æóíóÎúáöØó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉó ÈöÇááøöíäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏó Çááøöíäö íõÝúÓöÏõ¡ æóãõÌóÑøóÏó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÊõÝúÓöÏõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÞóÇãó ãóÞóÇãó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóßóÇäó (1) íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÇÓúÊöÔóÇÑóÉö ÚõãóÑó æóÈöÇÓúÊöäóÇÈóÉö ÎóÇáöÏò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóãóÇáöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÇÑó Èöåö ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÏøó Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö ÔöÏøóÉð ÈóÑóÒó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö. ÍóÊøóì Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó [áóåõ] (2) : íóÇ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÃóáøóÝö ÇáäøóÇÓó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÚóáóÇãó ÃóÊóÃóáøóÝõåõãú: ÃóÚóáóì ÍóÏöíËò ãõÝúÊóÑðì¿ Ãóãú Úóáóì ÔöÚúÑò ãõÝúÊóÚóáò¿ .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÞöíÈó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÅöäøóÇ áóßóÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íõÔóÌøöÚõäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕöÑúäóÇ ßóÇáúÃõÓõæÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóßóÇäó ÔóÏöíÏðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãöäú ßóãóÇáöåö ÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÊõåõ ÈöÇááøóíøöäö áöíóÚúÊóÏöáó ÃóãúÑõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÓúÊóÚöíäõ ÈöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ æóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøö¡ æóÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ãõÞúÑöäò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò¡ æóÃóãúËóÇáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÒõåúÏðÇ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉð ãöäú ãöËúáö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö [æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö] (3) .
æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÃóãúÑõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó äõÕõæÕõåõ ßóáöãóÇÊñ ÌóæóÇãöÚõ¡ æóÞóÖóÇíóÇ ßõáøöíøóÉñ¡ æóÞóæóÇÚöÏõ ÚóÇãøóÉñ¡ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóßóÇäó.
(2) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/139)
íóäõÕøó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÝóÑúÏò ãöäú ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÇÊö: åóáú ÊóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ßóáöãóÇÊöåö (1) ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ íõÓóãøóì " ÊóÍúÞöíÞó ÇáúãóäóÇØö "¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóÇ (2) ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú: äõÝóÇÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóãõËúÈöÊóÊõåõº ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÔúåóÏó ÐóæóÇ ÚóÏúáò¡ Ýóßóæúäõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ãöäú Ðóæöí ÇáúÚóÏúáö áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Èóáú ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ÎóÇÕøò. æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó Ãóäú ÊõÄóÏøóì ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÇÊõ Åöáóì ÃóåúáöåóÇ æóÃóäú íõæóáøóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ãóäú íóÕúáõÍõ áóåóÇ¡ Ýóßóæúäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ÕóÇáöÍðÇ áöÐóáößó Ãóæú ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú ÊóÏõáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò ÎóÇÕøò.
æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ Åöäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó íóßõæäõ ãóäúÕõæÕðÇ Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ãóÚúÕõæãñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóäõæøóÇÈõåõ æóÚõãøóÇáõåõ áóíúÓõæÇ ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóäõÕøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÚóíøóäóÉò¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÇáúÈóÇØöäó Ýöí ßõáøö ãõÚóíøóäóÉò¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõæóáøöí ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Ëõãøó íõäúÒöáõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌõÑóÇÊö: 6] (3) .
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÊöåö (4) ãóÚó Èóäöí ÃõÈóíúÑöÞò (5) Ëõãøó íõäúÒöáõ Çááøóåõ:
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(1) ßóáöãóÇÊöåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ßóáöãóÊöåö.
(2) ä¡ ã: ãóÇ.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 7/350 - 351¡ ÇáúãóÓúäóÏó Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö¡ 4/279 ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÖöÑóÇÑò ÇáúÎõÒóÇÚöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú ÑóÃúíó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö æóÅöäúßóÇÑó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö áöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÚóæóÇÕöãö ãöäó ÇáúÞóæóÇÕöãö Õ 90 - 94.
(4) ä¡ ã: Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉò¡ í: Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉò.
(5) È: ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÃõÈóíúÑöÞò.(6/140)
{ÅöäøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áöÊóÍúßõãó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöãóÇ ÃóÑóÇßó Çááøóåõ æóáóÇ Êóßõäú áöáúÎóÇÆöäöíäó ÎóÕöíãðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 105] ÇáúÂíóÇÊö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáöíøñ (2) - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÙõåõæÑõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö áóåõ (3) Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ Ùóäøóåõ ßóËöíÑñ [ÌöÏøðÇ] (4) ¡ ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó æóÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãöíäó (5) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (6) Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «Åöäøóßõãú ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúÖöí ÈöäóÍúæò ãöãøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÖóíúÊõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÃóÎöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÃúÎõÐúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÞúØóÚõ áóåõ ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» " (7) .
ÝóÍõßúãõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ äóåóì ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ áóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãóÇ Íõßöãó áóåõ Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÇØöäõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó [áöáúÍóÇßöãö] (8) .
æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÅöãóÇãñ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍó áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóåóÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó ÃóÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ãöäúåõãú. [æóÌóÚóáó ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäó Åöáóíúåöãú ÎóæúÝðÇ Ãóäú
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò 2/358 - 360
(2) ä¡ ã: æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ.
(3) áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(4) ÌöÏøðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(6) Ñ: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö.
(7) ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ íóáöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 412
(8) áöáúÍóÇßöãö: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) .(6/141)
íõÚóíøöäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú æóíóßõæäõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÕúáóÍó áóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ] (1) ÙóåóÑó áóåõ (2) ÑõÌúÍóÇäõ ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ïõæäó ÑõÌúÍóÇäö ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö Åöáóì ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö íõÚöíøöäõæäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú.
æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÅöãóÇãò ÚóÇáöãò ÚóÇÏöáò äóÇÕöÍò áóÇ åóæóì áóåõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóãúÑõåõãú ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 38] ¡ æóÞóÇáó: {æóÔóÇæöÑúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö} [ÓõæÑóÉõ Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 159] . ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõæÑóì ãóÕúáóÍóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ãöäú ÊóÚúíöíäö ÚõãóÑó åõæó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÃóíúÖðǺ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÚõãóÑó æóÝóÖúáöåö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö áöáúÃóãúÑö ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóÙóåóÑó ÃóËóÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Çáúãóíúãõæäö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ÚóÇÞöáò ãõäúÕöÝò íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóæú ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ØóáúÍóÉó Ãóæö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó Ãóæú ÓóÚúÏðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò áóÇ íóÞõæãõ (3) ãóÞóÇãó ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÊóÚúíöíäõ ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ßóÊóÚúíöíäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ãõÈóÇíóÚóÊöåöãú áóåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -: " ÃóÝúÑóÓõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉñ: ÈöäúÊõ ÕóÇÍöÈö ãóÏúíóäó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáóÊú: {íóÇÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ Åöäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑúÊó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 26] æóÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáóÊú: {ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäóÇ Ãóæú äóÊøóÎöÐóåõ æóáóÏðÇ} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 9] æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÍóíúËõ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó " (4) .
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ÝóÙóåóÑó áóåõ.
(3) áóÇ íóÞõæãõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áóÇ íóÞõæãõæäó.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãöí Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 54(6/142)
æóÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ - Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåóÇ (1) : " ÃóÈöí æóãóÇ ÃõÈóíúåõ (2) æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÊõÚúØõæåõ (3) ÇáúÃóíúÏöíó (4) . ÐóÇßó ØóæúÏñ ãõäöíÝñ (5) ¡ æóÝóÑúÚñ (6) ãóÏöíÏñ. åóíúåóÇÊó! ßóÐóÈóÊö ÇáÙøõäõæäõ! ÃóäúÌóÍó (7) ÅöÐú ÃóßúÏóíúÊõãú (8) ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÅöÐú æóäóíúÊõãú (9) ÓóÈúÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóæúáóì Úóáóì ÇáúÃóãóÏö (10) ¡ ÝóÊóì ÞõÑóíúÔò äóÇÔöÆðÇ¡ æóßóåúÝõåóÇ ßóåúáðÇ (11) ¡ íóÝõßøõ ÚóÇäöíóåóÇ (12) ¡ æóíóÑöíÔõ ãõãúáöÞóåóÇ (13) ¡ æóíóÑúÃóÈõ ÔóÚúÈóåóÇ (14) ÍóÊøóì ÍóáöíóÊúåõ ÞõáõæÈõåóÇ (15) ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóì
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(1) ÃóæúÑóÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö 1/189 - 190 æóäóÞóáóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ Úóáöíøñ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ Ø. ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉõ 1372 Õ 18 - 19.
(2) Í¡ È: æóãóÇ ÃóÈöí
(3) áóÇ ÊõÚúØõæåõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: áóÇ íõÚúØõæåõ.
(4) Ãóíú: áóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõåõ ÝóÊóÊóäóÇæóáõåõ ãöäú ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãõÍöÈøö ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈ Úóáóì ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö Õ 364.
(5) ÌóÈóáñ ÔóÇãöÎñ.
(6) ÇáúÝóÑúÚõ: ÃóÚúáóì ÇáÔøóíúÁö¡ æóÝóÑúÚõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ÔóÑöíÝõåõãú.
(7) Ãóíú ÕóÇÑó äóÇÌöÍðÇ.
(8) Ñ: ÅöÐú ßóÏøóÈúÊõãú¡ ã¡ Í¡ í: ÅöÐú ßóÐøóÈúÊõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÃóßúÏóì: ÃóÕúáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúßõÏúíóÉö æóåöíó ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáúÛóáöíÙóÉõ ÇáúÞóæöíøóÉõ¡ æóÃóßúÏóì Ãóíú: ÈóáóÛó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýóáóãú íõãúßöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÝúÑõ ãöäú ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö Úóáöíøò ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö.
(9) Ãóíú: ÝóÊóÑúÊõãú æóÞóÕøóÑúÊõãú.
(10) ÇáúÃóãóÏõ: ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ.
(11) ÇáúßóåúÝõ: ÇáúãóáúÌóÃõ¡ æóÇáúßóåúáõ: ãóäú ÌóÇæóÒó ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó æóÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó æóáóãú íõÌóÇæöÒö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉó æóÇáúÎóãúÓöíäó.
(12) ÇáúÚóÇäöí: ÇáúÃóÓöíÑõ.
(13) ÑóÇÔó ÇáÓøóåúãó Ãóíú æóÖóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáÑøöíÔó¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ íõÓóÇÚöÏõ ÝóÞöíÑóåóÇ.
(14) ã¡ Í¡ È: ÔóÚóËóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (Ñ) ¡ (í) ¡ æóÇáúßóáöãóÉõ Ýöí (ä) ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæØóÉò¡ æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: æóíóÑúÃóÈõ ÔóÚúÈóåóÇ æóíóáõãøõ ÔóÚóËóåóÇ¡ æóÇáÑøóÃúÈõ: ÌóãúÚõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÔóÏøõåõ ÈöÑöÝúÞò¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈõ: ÇáÕøóÏúÚõ æóåõæó ÇáÔøöÞøõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóíúÁö¡ ÃóÑóÇÏóÊú Ãóäøóåõ íóÌúãóÚõ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞó ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóßóáöãóÊöåóÇ.
(15) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ È: ÌóáóÈóÊúåõ¡ ä: ÍáíÊåÇ¡ ÈöÏõæäö äóÞúØò¡ ã: ÍÈÓåÇ¡ ÈöÏõæäö äóÞúØò¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ Úóáöíøñ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøõ æóÔóÑóÍó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíö ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÊúåõ.(6/143)
Ýöí Çááøóåö (1) ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÈóÑöÍóÊú ÔóßöíãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÐóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÊóÔúÊóÏøõ (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÈöÝóäóÇÆöåö ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ (3) ¡ íõÍúíöí Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÃóãóÇÊó ÇáúãõÈúØöáõæäó. æóßóÇäó - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÛóÒöíÑó ÇáÏøóãúÚóÉö¡ æóÞöíÐó ÇáúÌóæóÇäöÍö (4) ¡ ÔóÌöíøó ÇáäøóÔöíÌö (5) ¡ ÝóÊóÊóÞóÕøóÝõ Úóáóíúåö äöÓúæóÇäõ ãóßøóÉó æóæöáúÏóÇäõåóÇ (6) ¡ íóÓúÎóÑõæäó ãöäúåõ æóíóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõæäó Èöåö (Çááøóåõ íóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõ Èöåöãú æóíóãõÏøõåõãú Ýöí ØõÛúíóÇäöåöãú íóÚúãóåõæäó) [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 15] ÝóÃóßúÈóÑóÊú Ðóáößó ÑöÌóÇáóÇÊõ ÞõÑóíúÔò ÝóÍóäóÊú áóåõ ÞöÓöíøóåóÇ (7) ¡ æóÝóæøóÞóÊú áóåõ ÓöåóÇãóåóÇ (8) ¡ æóÇäúÊóÈóáõæåõ ÛóÑóÖðÇ (9) ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÝóáøõæÇ áóåõ
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(1) ÇáÑøöíóÇÖõ ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉõ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì: ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóì Ýöí Ïöíäöåö¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøõ: Ýöí Ïöíäö Çááøóåö¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóì Ýöí Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóì: Ãóíú ÌóÏøó æóÞóæöíó æóÇåúÊóãøó æóÃóáóÍøó.
(2) ÊóÔúÊóÏøõ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì ÝóÞóØú. æóÇáÔøóßöíãóÉõ: ÇáúÃóäóÝóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÁõ.
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãõÍöÈøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈ (ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì Õ 365) : ÊõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÞóÇãóåõ ÃóÈõæåóÇ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÍóÉö ãóäúÒöáöåö ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÝóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö æóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáÏøóÚóÇíóÉö áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
(4) æóÞöíÐó ÇáúÌóæóÇäöÍö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö¡ (ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ) áöáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÞöíÐó ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: ãóÍúÒõæäõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: ÍóÊøóì ßóÃóäøó ÇáúÍõÒúäó ÕóíøóÑóåõ áóÇ ÍóÑóÇßó Èöåö. ãöäó ÇáúæóÞúÐö: æóåõæó ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÍóÊøóì íóÕöíÑó ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈõ áóÇ ÍóÑóÇßó Èöåö.
(5) ÇáÔøóÌúæõ: ÇáúÍõÒúäõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÌöíøõ: ÇáúãõÍúÒóäõ¡ æóÇáäøóÔöíÌõ: ÇáÕøóæúÊõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÑóÏøóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóáúÞö¡ ÃóÑóÇÏóÊú ßóÃóäøóåõ íõÍúÒöäõ ãóäú íóÓúãóÚõåõ íóÞúÑóÃõ áöÃóäøó Ýöí ÕóæúÊö ÈõßóÇÆöåö ÑöÞøóÉñ æóÍóäóÇäñ.
(6) ÝóÊóäúÞóÕöÝõ Úóáóíúåö. . . ÅöáóÎú: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ æóÝöí (ä) : ÇäúÝóÖøóÊú ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ã) : ÝóÇäúÝóÖøóÊú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÝóÇäúÞóÖóÊú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÝöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö: æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ÝóÊóÊóÞóÕøóÝõ Úóáóíúåö äöÓóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÃóÈúäóÇÄõåõãú¡ Ãóíú: íóÒúÏóÍöãõæäó.
(7) ÇáúÞöÓöíøõ: ÌóãúÚõ ÞóæúÓò¡ æóÝöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö: ÝóÍóäóÊú áóåóÇ ÞóæúÓóåóÇ Ãóíú æóÊóÑóÊúº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÊóÑóÊúåóÇ ÚóØóÝóÊúåóÇ¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó: ÍóäøóÊú ãõÔóÏøóÏóÉð¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÕóæøóÊóÊú.
(8) ÝõæÞõ ÇáÓøóåúãö: ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáúæóÊóÑö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÝóæøóÞóÊú ÓóÏøóÏóÊú.
(9) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóÇäúÈóÊóáõæÇ ÚóÑóÖðÇ¡ ä¡ È: æóÇäúÊóËóáõæåõ ÛóÑóÖðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (ã) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö: æóÇãúÊóËóáõæåõ ÛóÑóÖðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: ÝóÇäúÊóËóáõæåõ ÚóÑóÖðÇ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: Ãóíú: ÇÊøóÎóÐõæåõ åóÏóÝðÇ áöäöÈóÇáöåöãú.(6/144)
ÕóÝóÇÉð (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÕóÝõæÇ áóåõ ÞóäóÇÉð¡ æóãóÑøó Úóáóì ÓöíÓóÇÆöåö (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÇáÏøöíäõ ÈöÌöÑóÇäöåö (3) ¡ æóÃóáúÞóì ÈóÑúßóåõ (4) ¡ æóÑóÓóÊú (5) ÃóæúÊóÇÏõåõ¡ æóÏóÎúáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöíåö ÃóÝúæóÇÌðÇ¡ æóãöäú ßõáøö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ÃóÑúÓóÇáðÇ æóÃóÔúÊóÇÊðÇ (6) ¡ ÇÎúÊóÇÑó Çááøóåõ áöäóÈöíøöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÈóÖó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ äóÕóÈó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÑõæóÇÞóåõ (7) ¡ æóãóÏøó ØõäõÈóåõ (8) ¡ æóäóÕóÈó ÍóÈóÇÆöáóåõ (9) ¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÑöÌóÇáñ Ãóäú ÞóÏú ÊóÍóÞøóÞóÊú ÃóØúãóÇÚõåõãú¡ æóáóÇÊó (10) Íöíäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÌõæäó¡ æóÃóäøóì æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÍóÇÓöÑðÇ ãõÔóãøöÑðÇ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó ÍóÇÔöíóÊóåõ æóÑóÝóÚó ÞõØúÑóíúåö (11) ¡ ÝóÑóÏøó (12) äóÔúÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÛóÑøöåö (13) ¡ æóáóãøó ÔóÚóËóåõ
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóãóÇ ÝóÇÕõæÇáóåõ ÕóÝóÇÉð¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: Ãóäøóåõãú ÚóÌóÒõæÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßúÓöÑõæÇ áóåõ ÍóÌóÑðÇ¡ æóÇáÕøóÝóÇÉõ: ÕóÎúÑóÉñ ãóáúÓóÇÁõ.
(2) ÓöíÓóÇÁõ ÇáÙøóåúÑö ãöäó ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö: ãõÌúÊóãóÚõ æóÓóØöåö¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáÑøõßõæÈö.
(3) ÇáúÌöÑóÇäõ: ÈóÇØöäõ ÇáúÚõäõÞö: Ãóíú: ÞóÑøó ÞóÑóÇÑõåõ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÇãó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÚöíÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÑóßó æóÇÓúÊóÑóÇÍó ãóÏøó ÚõäõÞóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö.
(4) ÇáúÈóÑúßõ: ÇáÕøóÏúÑõ.
(5) æóÑóÓóÊú: Ãóíú: æóËóÈóÊóÊú.
(6) ÃóÑúÓóÇáðÇ: ÌóãúÚõ ÑóÓóáò æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÞóØöíÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÈöáö æóÇáúÛóäóãö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊõÚöíÑó áöáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóÔúÊóÇÊðÇ: ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞöíäó.
(7) ÇáÑøóæúÞõ æóÇáÑøõæóÇÞõ: ãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáúÈóíúÊö.
(8) ÇáØøõäõÈõ: ÇáúÍóÈúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÔóÏøõ Èöåö ÃóØúÑóÇÝõ ÇáúÎóíúãóÉö.
(9) Ãóíú ãóÕóÇíöÏóåõ: æóÇÍöÏõåóÇ ÍöÈóÇáóÉñ ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÁö.
(10) áóÇÊó: ßóáöãóÉñ ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ áóíúÓó¡ æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ " áóÇ " ÒöíÏóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÊøóÇÁõ.
(11) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÑóÝóÚó ÝöØúÑóÊóåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö: æóÞõØúÑóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁö: ÌóÇäöÈóÇåõ¡ æóßóÊóÈóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ãõÍöÈøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈ " æóÖóãøó ÞõØúÑóíúåö " æóÞóÇáó: ÕóÍøóÍúäóÇåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö.
(12) ä¡ ã: æóÑóÏøó.
(13) Úóáóì ÛóÑøöåö: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ Úóáóì ÚóÑóÈö¡ (Í: ÚóÑóÈöåö) ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Øóæóì ÇáËøóæúÈó Úóáóì ÛóÑøöåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ãóíú ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóØúæöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚóÇÏóåõ Åöáóì ÍóÇáóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.(6/145)
ÈöØöÈøöåö (1) ¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó ÃóæóÏóåõ ÈöËöÞóÇÝöåö (2) ¡ ÝóÏóÞøó (3) ÇáäøöÝóÇÞó ÈöæóØúÃóÊöåö¡ æóÇäúÊóÇÔó ÇáÏøöíäó ÝóãóäóÚóåõ (4) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÍó ÇáúÍóÞøó Úóáóì Ãóåúáöåö (5) ¡ æóÞóÑøóÑó (6) ÇáÑøõÁõæÓó Úóáóì ßóæóÇåöáöåóÇ¡ æóÍóÞóäó ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó Ýöí ÃõåõÈöåóÇ (7) ¡ ÃóÊóÊúåõ ãóäöíøóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÓõÏøó Ëóáúãõåõ (8) ÈöäóÙöíÑöåö (9) Ýöí ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö¡ æóÔóÞöíÞöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÏóáóÉö¡ ÐóÇßó (10) ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ [áöáøóåö] (11) Ãõãøñ ÍóãóáóÊú Èöåö (12) ¡ [æóÏóÑøóÊú Úóáóíúåö] (13) ¡ áóÞóÏú ÃóæúÍóÏóÊú (14) Èöåö¡ ÝóÝóäøóÎó ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉó æóÏóíøóÎóåóÇ (15) ¡ æóÔóÑøóÏó ÇáÔøöÑúßó (16) ÔóÐóÑó ãóÐóÑó (17) ¡ æóÈóÚóÌó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóÈóÎóÚóåóÇ (18) ¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÈöØóäøöåö. Ñ¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖõ ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉõ: ÈöØóíøöåö¡ æóáóãøó ÔóÚóËóåõ¡ ÌóãóÚó ãóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö.
(2) È: ÈöËöÝóÇÞöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ãóØúÈóÚöíøñ¡ æóÇáúÃóæóÏõ: ÇáúÚöæóÌõ: æóÇáËøöÞóÇÝõ: ÊóÞúæöíãõ ÇáúãõÚúæóÌøö.
(3) ÝóÏóÞøó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : ÝóÇäúÏóÝóÑó æóÝöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) ÝóÇäúÏóÞóÑó¡ æóÝöí (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì: ÝóæóÞóÐó. æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö ÇáäøóÖöÑóÉö: ÇãúÐóÞóÑó¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ.
(4) ÝóãóäóÚóåõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (ã) : ÝóäóÛóåõ¡ æóÝöí (í) : ÝóäóÚóåõ¡ æóÝöí (È) : ÝóäóÚóÔóåõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö: ÈöäóÚúÔöåö¡ æóÇäúÊóÇÔó ÇáÏøöíäó: ÊóäóÇæóáóåõ æóÇÓúÊóäúÞóÐóåõ æóÇäúÊóÔóáóåõ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÇÍó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåö¡ Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÒóÇÍó ÇáúÍóÞøó Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: ÑóÏøó ÇáúÍóÞøó Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåö.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÑøóÊö.
(7) ÌóãúÚõ ÅöåóÇÈò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌöáúÏõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøóÈúÛö.
(8) ËõáúãóÉð: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ËõáúãóÊóåõ.
(9) ä¡ ã: ÈöäóÙóÑöåö.
(10) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: Ðóáößó.
(11) áöáøóåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(12) È¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì: ÍóÝóáóÊú áóåõ.
(13) æóÏóÑøóÊú Úóáóíúåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(14) ä¡ Ñ¡ í: ÃóæúÌóÏóÊú.
(15) È¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì: ÝóÞóÈøóÍó ÇáúßõÝúÑó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö¡ (ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò) áöáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö¡ æóÝóäøóÎó ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉó: Ãóíú ÃóÐóáøóåõãú¡ æóÏóíøóÎóåóÇ: Ãóíú ÏóæøóÎóåóÇ æóÞóåóÑóåóÇ.
(16) ä¡ ã: ÇáúßõÝúÑó.
(17) ÔóÐóÑó ãóÐóÑó: Ãóíú Ýöí ßõáøö ÌöåóÉò.
(18) Í¡ Ñ: æóäóÌóÚóåóÇ¡ È¡ ã: æóÈóÌóÚóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (í) ¡ (ä) : ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ æóÝöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÐóßóÑóÊú ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: æóÈóÎóÚó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝóÞóÇÁóÊú ÃõßúáóåóÇ: Ãóíú ÞóåóÑó ÃóåúáóåóÇ æóÃóÐóáøóåõãú æóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßõäõæÒö æóÃóãúæóÇáö Çáúãõáõæßö.(6/146)
ÝóÞóÇÁóÊú ÃõßúáóåóÇ¡ æóáóÝóÙóÊú ÎóÈöíÆóåóÇ (1) ¡ ÊóÑúÃóãõåõ æóíóÕúÏöÝõ ÚóäúåóÇ (2) ¡ æóÊóÕóÏøóì áóåõ æóíóÃúÈóÇåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó æóÑöÚó (3) ÝöíåóÇ æóæóÏøóÚóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÕóÍöÈóåóÇ. ÝóÃóÑõæäöí ãóÇ ÊõÑöíÈõæäó (4) ¡ æóÃóíøõ íóæúãò ÊóäúÞöãõæäó (5) : Ãóíóæúãó ÅöÞóÇãóÊöåö ÅöÐú ÚóÏóáó Ýöíßõãú¿ Ãóãú íóæúãó ÙóÚúäöåö æóÞóÏú (6) äóÙóÑó áóßõãú¿ [ÃóÞõæáõ Þóæúáöí åóÐóÇ æó] ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåó áöí æóáóßõãú " (7) . æóÑóæóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉó ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ Úóæúäò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÑõæóÇÉõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö. æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÑóæóÇåóÇ Úóäú åöÔóÇãò¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ýöíåö ÚõÑúæóÉó (8) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÝóÑóÃóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö ãóÒöíøóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì áóíúÓóÊú áöáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Úóíøóäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöæöáóÇíóÊöåö äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóäúÓõæÈðÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÊóÑóßó ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäó ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó æóÇÍöÏñ (9) ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÊóíúäö: Èóíúäó
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(1) ä¡ Ñ: ÌóäöíøóåóÇ¡ ã: ÍóíøóåóÇ.
(2) ÊóÑúÃóãõåõ æóíóÕúÏöÝõ ÚóäúåóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö. æóÝöí (È) ¡ (Í) ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì: ÊóÑúÃóãõåõ æóíóÕõÏøõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ä) : ÊóÑúÃóãõåõ æóÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (Ñ) ¡ (í) : ÊóÑúÃóãõåõ æóÈöÕöÏúÞò ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì: ÊóÚúØöÝõ Úóáóíúåö æóíõÚúÑöÖõ ÚóäúåóÇ.
(3) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ã: æóÒóÚó.
(4) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: ÝóÃóÑúæóì ãóÇ íõÑöíÈõæäó.
(5) È¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøõ: æóÃóíøõ íóæúãöí ÃóÈöí ÊóäúÞöãõæäó.
(6) æóÞóÏú: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóÞóÏú. æóÝöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö: ÅöÐú.
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ í¡ ä¡ ã: ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó Çááøóåó áöí æóáóßõãú. æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäú (È) ¡ ÇáúãõäúÊóÞóì¡ ÇáØøóäúØóÇæöíøö¡ ÇáÑøöíóÇÖö.
(8) ä¡ ã: Ýöíåö Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó.
(9) ä¡ ã: áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ.(6/147)
ÊóÚúíöíäöåöãú ÅöÐú áóÇ ÃóÍóÞøó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÊóÑóßó ÊóÚúíöíäó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú áöãóÇ ÊóÎóæøóÝóåõ (1) ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÕöíÑö.
æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÈöÍóÓúÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö. ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö [ÃõãõæÑñ] (2) áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÏóÝúÚõåóÇ¡ ÝóÊöáúßó áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö. æóßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÑóÂåõ¡ ÝóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú æóáøóì æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃóÎøõÑö Úóäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - (3) ¡ æóÃóäú íóÍúÕõáó ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó ãõÔóÇÌóÑóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÈóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó [ØöÈóÇÚó] (4) Èóäöí ÂÏóãó æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó. æóÐóßóÑó [Ýöí] (5) ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑó (6) ÇáøóÐöí ãóäóÚóåõ ãöäú ÊóÚúíöíäöåö æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõº áöÃóäøó æöáóÇíóÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÚúÙóãó ãóÕúáóÍóÉò æóÃóÞóáøó ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò ãöäú æöáóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö. æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÏøóãó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãóÕúáóÍóÉð¡ æóÃóÞóáøõåõãóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉð.
æóÚõãóÑõ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÎóÇÝó Ãóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏó ÃóãúÑðÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåöãú ÍóÕóáóÊö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÈöÍóÓúÈö ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÍóÇáö ÇáúãóÍúíóÇ æóÍóÇáö ÇáúãóãóÇÊö: Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö íóÊóæóáøóì ÃóãúÑó
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(1) ä¡ ã: íóÊóÎóæøóÝõåõ.
(2) ÃõãõæÑñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä¡ ã: ÓöíÑóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÚõãóÑó.
(4) ØöÈóÇÚó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä: ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/148)
ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõæóáøöíó Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÕúáóÍó ãóäú íõãúßöäõåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó (* ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÃóãúËóáöåöãú. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÚóÒóãó Úóáóì Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈóåõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóáóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÎúáöÝó *) (1) ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊúÑõßú ÚõãóÑõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÑõæÌöÚó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö. æóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó áóæú Ãóäøóßó ÇÓúÊóÑúÚóíúÊó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íóßõäú íõÖóíøöÚõ (2) Ïöíäóåõ æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝóÊóåõ æóáóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Èöåö äóÈöíøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÚõÌøöáó Èöí ÃóãúÑñ¡ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ ÔõæÑóì Èóíúäó åóÄõáóÇÁö [ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö] (3) ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó Úóäúåõãú ÑóÇÖò.
æóãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚóËó ÇáÑøõÓõáó æóÃóäúÒóáó ÇáúßõÊõÈó (4) áöíóßõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÛóÇíóÉö ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ áóÇ áöÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉöº ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ýöí ÇáØøóÈöíÚóÉö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÉöº ÅöÐú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÝóÓóÇÏò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÓúÝößõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏößó æóäõÞóÏøöÓõ áóßó} ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 30] . æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäú ÃõãøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöíåóÇ ÔóÑøñ æóÝóÓóÇÏñ. æóÃóãúËóáõ
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÌúãóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) ä¡ ã: ãõÖóíøöÚñ.
(3) ÇáÓøöÊøóÉõ ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Í: ÈóÚóËó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃóäúÒóáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ Ñ: ÃóÑúÓóáó ÇáÑøõÓõáó æóÃóäúÒóáó ÇáúßõÊõÈó.(6/149)
ÇáúÃõãóãö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö æóÇáÔøóÑøö ãóÇ ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÈóÚúÖõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÊõäóÇ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÃõãóãö æóÃóßúÑóãõåóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÎóíúÑõåóÇ ÇáúÞõÑõæäõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõåõãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ. æóÝöí ÃõãøóÊöäóÇ ÔóÑøõ ßóËöíÑñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú ÔóÑøö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÔóÑøõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚõæÇ äóÈöíøðÇ ßóÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÞóæúãöåö. æóßõáøõ ÎóíúÑò Ýöí Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÝóÝöí ÃõãøóÊöäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ. æóßóÐóáößó Ãóæøóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãóÉö æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÎóíúÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÝóÝöí ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãóÇ åõæó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóßõáøõ ÔóÑøò Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÝóÝöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãóÇ åõæó ÔóÑøñ ãöäúåõ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõãú} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáÊøóÛóÇÈõäö: 16] .
æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó Úóäúåõãú ÑóÇÖò¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó Úóíøóäóåõãú ÚõãóÑõ¡ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäúåõãú ãóÇ ßóÑöåóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóíúÑóåõãú íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóæóáøó ÈóÚúÏó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ æóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÓöíÑóÉð¡ æóáóÇ Êóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ (1) ¡ æóáóÇ Êóæóáøóì ãóáößñ ãöäú ãõáõæßö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÓöíÑóÉð ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÓöíÑóÊóåõ æóÝóÖóÇÆöáóåõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö áóåõ ÐõäõæÈñ¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõåõãú ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÐõäõæÈðÇ¡ æóÃóÞóáøõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊò. ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊõÚúÑóÝó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóÇåöáó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáÐøõÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÞöíÑö (2) æóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ íóÒöäõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÌóãöíÚðÇ: åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ.
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(1) Í¡ Ñ¡ È¡ í: ÈóÚúÏó Úóáöíøò ãöËúáõåõ.
(2) Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇáúÚóÞóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊøõåõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÞöíÑõ: ÇáúÌóÑöíÍõ.(6/150)
æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ íóÚöíÈõæäó Úóáóì ãóäú íóÐõãøõæäóåõ ãóÇ íõÚóÇÈõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ãóäú íóãúÏóÍõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Óõáößó ãóÚóåõãú ãöíÒóÇäõ ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ðóãøõæåõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö ãöãøóäú ãóÏóÍõæåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íõÑúæóì ãöäú ÐößúÑöåö áöÓóÇáöãò ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí ÍõÐóíúÝóÉóº ÝóÞóÏú Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖóÊú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÓøõäóäõ [Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (1) . ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇËúäóÇäö " æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäúåõãõ ÇËúäóÇäö» " (2) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÊóÈóÚñ áöÞõÑóíúÔò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö: ãõÄúãöäõåõãú ÊóÈóÚñ áöãõÄúãöäöåöãú¡ æóßóÇÝöÑõåõãú ÊóÈóÚñ áößóÇÝöÑöåöãú» " (3) ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ.
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÊóÈóÚñ áöÞõÑóíúÔò Ýöí ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáÔøóÑøö» " (4) .
æóÎóÑøóÌó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ: " «Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ áóÇ íõÚóÇÏöíåöãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÈøóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ãóÇ ÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó» " (5) .
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/382
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/384
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/385
(5) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/385(6/151)
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö. ÝóßóíúÝó íõÙóäøõ ÈöÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõæóáøöí ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò¿ ! Èóáú ãöäó Çáúãõãúßöäö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõæóáøöíåö æöáóÇíóÉð ÌõÒúÆöíøóÉð (1) ¡ Ãóæú íóÓúÊóÔöíÑõåõ Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøóì æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí íóÕúáõÍõ áóåóÇ ÓóÇáöãñ ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÇáöãðÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÄõãøõåõãú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Åä ÚãÑ ÌãÚ Èíä ÇáÝÇÖá æÇáãÝÖæá]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " æóÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö æóÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö¡ æóãöäú ÍóÞøö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãõ [Úóáóì ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö] (2) ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÃóæøóáðÇ: [åóÄõáóÇÁö] (3) ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ßóÊóÞóÏøõãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó. æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó (4) Ýöí ÇáÔøõæÑóì ÊóÇÑóÉð íõÄúÎóÐõ ÈöÑóÃúíö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð [íõÄúÎóÐõ] (5) ÈöÑóÃúíö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÑóÃúíö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö. æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú áóåõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáõ áóãú íõÔúÑößúåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ËóÇäöíðÇ: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ÝóÇÖöáñ æóãóÝúÖõæáñ¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ åõæó ÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó æóÛóíúÑóåõ åõãõ ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáõæäó¿ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ¡ [ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ãöäúåõãú
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÍõÑõæÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(2) Úóáóì ÇáúãóÝúÖõæáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) åóÄõáóÇÁö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ßóÇäó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ßóÇäõæÇ.
(5) íõÄúÎóÐõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ (í) ¡ (Ñ) .(6/152)
ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ãóäú ÞóÏøóãó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÒúÑóì ÈöÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö] (1) .
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: " ßõäøóÇ äõÝóÇÖöáõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑõ¡ Ëõãøó ÚõËúãóÇäõ ". æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: " Ëõãøó äóÏóÚõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ äõÝóÇÖöáõ Èóíúäóåõãú " (2) .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -[ãöäú ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó Ëõãøó ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó íóÈúáõÛõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -] (3) ÝóáóÇ íõäúßöÑõåõ (4) .
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóíóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö. æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóíóßõæäõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò¡ æóÈöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÚõãóÑõº ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßõáøóåõãú ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÑóÛúÈóÉò æóáóÇ ÑóåúÈóÉò¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú åóÐöåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó ãõäúßöÑñ ãöäúåõãú.
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/4 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö. . . . .¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÝóÖúáöåöãú¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÝóÖúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò) æóáóÝúÙõåõ: ßõäøóÇ äõÎóíøöÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóäõÎóíøöÑõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ëõãøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ëõãøó ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú 5/14 - 15 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó) º Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/287 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö) Úóäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó äóÊúÑõßõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóÇ äõÝóÇÖöáõ Èóíúäóåõãú (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö) ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 53 - 58¡ 61 - 63¡ 401º ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö 9/58º ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ 4626¡ 4797
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ÝóÞóØú.
(4) ä: Ýóáóãú íõäúßöÑúåõ.(6/153)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: " áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÍóÏò ãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó " æóÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: " ßõáøõ ÈóíúÚóÉò ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ". æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóº ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÚóÒøó ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ æóÃóÙúåóÑó ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó.
æóßõáøõåõãú ÈóÇíóÚó (1) ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöáóÇ ÑóÛúÈóÉò ÈóÐóáóåóÇ [áóåõãú] (2) æóáóÇ ÑóåúÈóÉòº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúØö ÃóÍóÏðÇ Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö áóÇ ãóÇáðÇ æóáóÇ æöáóÇíóÉð. æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÇíóÚóåõ áóãú íõæáøöåö æóáóãú íõÚúØöåö ãóÇáðÇ. æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÔóÇæóÑó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áöÈóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ÔóæúßóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÔøõæÑóì ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ÚõËúãóÇäó.
ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ßóÇäõæÇ ßóãóÇ æóÕóÝóåõãõ Çááøóåõ - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - {íõÍöÈøõåõãú æóíõÍöÈøõæäóåõ ÃóÐöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÃóÚöÒøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó íõÌóÇåöÏõæäó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 54] .
[æóÞóÏú ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÍóíúËõãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ¡ áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõæäó Ýöí Çááøóåö áóæúãóÉó áóÇÆöãò] (3) ¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú æöáóÇíóÉó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇíóÚõæåõ ÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ íóÇÓöÑò æóÕõåóíúÈñ æóÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò æóÎóÈøóÇÈñ æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: æóáøóíúäóÇ ÃóÚúáóÇäóÇ ÐóÇ ÝõæÞò æóáóãú äóÃúáõ.
æóÝöíåöãõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÞóÈóÇÁö ãöËúáõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö
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(1) Í¡ È: ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ.
(2) áóåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/154)
ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ æóÝöíåöãú ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö.
æóßõáøñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (1) áóæú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÚõÐúÑñ íõÓúÞöØõåõ (2) Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÊóßóáøóãõ ãóäú íóÊóßóáøóãõ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ãóäú íõæóáøóì (3) æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøñ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõãú ÖóÑóÑñ. æóÊóßóáøóãó ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõãóÑó áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó ÃõÓóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÍõÖóíúÑò Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó [Èúäö ÒóíúÏò] (4) Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäõæÇ íõßóáøöãõæäó ÚõãóÑó Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöíåö [æóíóÚúÒöáõåõ.
æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ ÈóÚúÏó æöáóÇíóÊöåö æóÞõæøóÉö ÔóæúßóÊöåö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÃóäúÕóÇÑöåö æóÙõåõæÑö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ ßóÇäõæÇ íõßóáøöãõæäóåõ Ýöíãóäú íõæóáøöíåö] (5) æóíõÚúØöíåö ãöäúåõãú æóãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú. Ëõãøó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö (6) áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóßóæúÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÚóÒóáóåõ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóßóæúÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãóÇáö ãóäóÚóåõ. ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ØóáóÈõæåõ ãöäú ÚóÒúáò æóãóäúÚò ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóåõãú ÃóØúÑóÇÝñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóåõæó (7) Ýöí ÚöÒøóÉö (8) æöáóÇíóÊöåö. ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ ßóáóÇãó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÃóÆöãøóÊöåöãú æóßõÈóÑóÇÆöåöãú - ãóÚó ÚöÒøöåöãú æóÞõæøóÊöåöãú (9) áóæú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¿ ! æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ áöÑóÈøößó æóÞóÏú æóáøóíúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóÙøðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÈöÇááøóåö ÊõÎóæøöÝõæäöí¿ ÃóÞõæáõ: æóáøóíúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÎóíúÑó Ãóåúáößó. Ýóáóãú íõÍóÇÈõæÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞó Ýöí ÚóåúÏöåö áöÚõãóÑó ãóÚó ÔöÏøóÊöåö.
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(1) È: æóãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
(2) Í: íõÓúÞöØõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: Êóæóáøóì.
(4) Èúäö ÒóíúÏò: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (È) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) ä¡ ã¡ í: æóÝöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
(7) Í¡ Ñ¡ í: æóåõãú.
(8) ä¡ ã: ÛóíúÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(9) ä¡ ã: ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåöãú æóÞóæúáöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/155)
æóãöäú ÔóÃúäö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäú íõÑóÇÚõæÇ ãóäú íõÑóÔøóÍõ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÝóíõÍóÇÈõæäóåõ¡ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóäúÊóÞöãó ãöäúåõãú ÅöÐóÇ æõáøöíó¡ æóÑóÌóÇÁð áóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ. ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö áóãú íõÍóÇÈõæÇ ÚõãóÑó æóáóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ãóÚó æöáóÇíóÊöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÍóÇÈõæäó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÈóÚúÏõ áóãú íóÊóæóáøó [æóáóÇ ÔóæúßóÉó áóåõ] ¿ (1)
ÝóáóæúáóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ÈöÃóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøõåõãú ÈöÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö áóãóÇ æóáøóæúåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ßõáøóãóÇ ÊóÏóÈøóÑóåõ ÇáúÎóÈöíÑõ ÇÒúÏóÇÏó Èöåö ÎöÈúÑóÉð æóÚöáúãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÔõßøõ Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú áóãú íóÊóÏóÈøóÑúåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ (2 Ãóæú ãóäú åõæó ÌóÇåöáñ ÈöÇáúæóÇÞöÚö Ãóæú ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö 2) (2) .
æóÇáúÌóåúáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝöíåóÇ íõæÑöËõ ÇáúÌóåúáó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó æóÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ æóÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞóÉö (3) ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞúØóÚõ ÞóØúÚðÇ áóÇ íóÊóãóÇÑóì Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáó ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. ÝóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú (4) Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóÕúáóÍõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóÑóÇåöíóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú áöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ãóæú åóæðì¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö¡ ßóæöáóÇíóÉö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóæöáóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó æöáóÇíóÉó ÚõËúãóÇäó [ßóÇäó] (5) ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÑöåõæåóÇ¡ ßóÊóÃúãöíÑö ÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí
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(1) æóáóÇ ÔóæúßóÉó áóåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) (2 - 2) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(3) È: ÈöØóÑöíÞö.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú.
(5) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/156)
ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÅöÚúØóÇÆöåöãú ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãóÇáö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ãöäú æöáóÇíóÉö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó Ýöí ÅöãóÇÑóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó.
æóÃóíúäó ÅöíËóÇÑõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöæöáóÇíóÉò Ãóæú ãóÇáò¡ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö íóÓúÝößõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÏöãóÇÁó ÈóÚúÖò æóÊóÔúÊóÛöáõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÏöíäöåóÇ æóÏõäúíóÇåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóØúãóÚó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¿ æóÃóíúäó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ (1) ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÝóÊúÍõ ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö æóÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÚóÌúÒöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÏóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÈöáóÇÏöåöãú Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖó ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÞóåúÑðÇ Ãóæú ÕõáúÍðÇ¿
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Åä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ØÚä Ýí ßá æÇÍÏ ããä ÇÎÊÇÑå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøö: " Åöäøóåõ ØóÚóäó Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ áöáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóíøöÊðÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ ÍóíøðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ ÈöÃóäú ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉò ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó áóãú íóØúÚóäú Ýöíåöãú ØóÚúäó ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ ÛóíúÑóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõãú¡ Èóáú áóãú íóßõäú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäúåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó. áóßöäú [Èóíøóäó] (2) ÚõÐúÑóåõ ÇáúãóÇäöÚó áóåõ ãöäú ÊóÚúíöíäö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÑöåó Ãóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏó æöáóÇíóÉó ãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóáóãú íóßúÑóåú Ãóäú íóÊóÞóáøóÏó ÊóÚúíöíäó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí (3) Úóáöãóåõ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íõËöíÈõåõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÊóÈöÚóÉó Úóáóíúåö Ýöíåö [Åöäú] (4) ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ åõæó (5)
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ.
(2) Èóíøóäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ä¡ ã: æóÇáøóÐöí.
(4) Åöäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) åõæó: Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóåõæó.(6/157)
ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí (1) ÎóÇÝó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóíúåö Ýöíåö ÊóÈöÚóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÚúíöíäõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ ÊóÑóßóåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÚóÞúáöåö æóÏöíäöåö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -. æóáóíúÓó ßóÑóÇåóÊõåõ áöÊóÞóáøõÏöåö ãóíøöÊðÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóáøóÏóåõ ÍóíøðÇ áöØóÚúäöåö Ýöí ÊóÞóáøõÏöåö ÍóíøðǺ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÞóáøóÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÍóíøðÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö¡ æóÈöÃóäøó ÊóÞóáøõÏóåõ ßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ áóåõ æóáöáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ ãöäú ÊóÈöÚóÉö ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö.
ÝóÞóÏú «ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄúÊõæäó ãóÇ ÂÊóæúÇ æóÞõáõæÈõåõãú æóÌöáóÉñ Ãóäøóåõãú Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 60] . ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Ãóåõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÒúäöí æóíóÓúÑöÞõ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó æóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõÚóÇÞóÈó¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ íóÇ ÈöäúÊó (2) ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÕõæãõ æóíõÕóáøöí æóíóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ (3) æóíóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÈóáó ãöäúåõ» " (4) .
ÝóÎóæúÝõåõ (5) ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÕöíÑö Ýöí ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ãöäú ßóãóÇáö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö. æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÊóÞóáøõÏöåö ÍóíøðÇ æóãóíøöÊðÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ßóÇäó ÑóÞöíÈðÇ Úóáóì äõæøóÇÈöåö¡ ãõÊóÚóÞøöÈðÇ áöÃóÝúÚóÇáöåöãú¡ íóÃúãõÑõåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö ßõáøö ÚóÇãò áöíóÍúßõãó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ ãöãøóÇ íóßúÑóåõåõ íõãúßöäõåõ ãóäúÚõåõãú ãöäúåõ æóÊóáóÇÝöíåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ [áóÇ] (6) ãóäúÚõåõãú ãöãøóÇ íóßúÑóåõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóáóÇÝöí Ðóáößóº ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÑöåó ÊóÞóáøõÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑö (7) ãóíøöÊðÇ.
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(1) ä: æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí.
(2) ã: íóÇ ÇÈúäóÉó.
(3) æóíóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóíóÊóÚóÈøóÏõ.
(4) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 4/268
(5) ÝóÎóæúÝõåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(6) áóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) ä¡ ã: ÊóÞúáöíÏó ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.(6/158)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÚúíöíäõ ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏóåõ æóÇÖöÍñ Èóíøöäñ¡ áöÚöáúãöåö Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ýí ÚãÑ Ëã äÇÞÕ ÍÊì ÌÚá ÇáÇÎÊíÇÑ Åáì ÚÈÏ ÇáÑÍãä Èä ÚæÝ]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Ëõãøó äóÇÞóÕó (1) ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò¡ Ëõãøó Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ Ëõãøó Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú æóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÇáÖøóÚúÝö æóÇáúÞõÕõæÑö ".
ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (2) : ÃóæøóáðÇ: Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí áöãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Ãóäú íõËúÈöÊóåõ (3) ÃóæøóáðÇ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóíúåö ÍõÌøóÉñ. æóÇáäøóÞúáõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú åõæó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ áóíúÓó áöÚõãóÑó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóãúÑñ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò (4) Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö áóãøóÇ ØõÚöäó ÞóÇáó (5) : " Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÞõæáõæäó: [ÇÓúÊóÎúáöÝú¡] æóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó (6) Åöáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó Úóäúåõãú ÑóÇÖò: Úóáöíøñ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ æóØóáúÍóÉõ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò æóÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõåõãú
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(1) Í¡ ã¡ í¡ È: äóÇÞóÖó.
(2) ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.
(3) ä¡ ã: Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäóåõ.
(4) ä¡ ã: Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: 5/15 - 18 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö æóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó)
(5) ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/17
(6) ä¡ ã: íóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó.(6/159)
ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãöäó (1) ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÕóÇÈóÊö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ ÓóÚúÏðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚöäú Èöåö ãóäú æõáøöíó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí áóãú ÃóÚúÒöáúåõ Úóäú (2) ÚóÌúÒò æóáóÇ ÎöíóÇäóÉò ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó (3) : " ÃõæÕöí ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÈöÊóÞúæóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÃõæÕöíåö ÈöÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú (4) : Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó áóåõãú ÍóÞøóåõãú¡ æóíóÍúÝóÙó áóåõãú ÍõÑúãóÊóåõãú¡ æóÃõæÕöíåö ÈöÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÈóæøóÁõæÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑó æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåöãú: Ãóäú íóÞúÈóáó ãöäú ãõÍúÓöäöåöãú¡ æóíóÊóÌóÇæóÒó Úóäú ãõÓöíÆöåöãú¡ æóÃõæÕöíåö ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö [ÎóíúÑðÇ] (5) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÑöÏúÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÛóíúÙõ ÇáúÚóÏõæøö¡ æóÌõÈóÇÉõ ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ áóÇ íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÖúáõåõãú Úóäú ÑöÖðì ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÃõæÕöíåö ÈöÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóãóÇÏøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö: Ãóäú íõÄúÎóÐó ãöäúåõãú ãöäú ÍóæóÇÔöí (6) ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ÝóÊõÑóÏøó Úóáóì ÝõÞóÑóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóÃõæÕöíåö ÈöÐöãøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ãóäú íõæóÝøóì áóåõãú ÈöÚóåúÏöåöãú¡ æóíõÞóÇÊóáó ãóäú æóÑóÇÁóåõãú (7) ¡ æóáóÇ íõßóáøóÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ØóÇÞóÊóåõãú ".
ÝóÞóÏú æóÕøóì (8) ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúäóÇÓö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÃóæúÕóÇåõ ÈöÓõßøóÇäö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡
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(1) ä¡ ã: Ýöí.
(2) Í¡ ã¡ È: ãöäú.
(3) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/17
(4) ä: ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøò æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú.
(5) ÎóíúÑðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Ñ¡ í: Ãóäú íõÄúÎóÐó ãöäú ÍóæóÇÔöí¡ Í: Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãöäú ÍóæóÇÔöí¡ È: Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãöäúåõãú ãöäú ÍóæóÇÔöí.
(7) ä¡ ã: ãöäú Ïõæäöåöãú.
(8) È: ÃóæúÕóì.(6/160)
æóÃóæúÕóÇåõ ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí æóÈöÃóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò (1) : " ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÈöÖó ÇäúØóáóÞúäóÇ äóãúÔöí¡ ÝóÓóáøóãó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó. æóÞóÇáó: íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö (2) . ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÏúÎöáõæåõ¡ ÝóÃõÏúÎöáó¡ ÝóæõÖöÚó åõäóÇáößó ãóÚó ÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝõÑöÛó ãöäú ÏóÝúäöåö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøóåúØõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò: ÇÌúÚóáõæÇ ÃóãúÑóßõãú Åöáóì ËóáóÇËóÉò ãöäúßõãú. ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ: ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúÊõ ÃóãúÑöí Åöáóì Úóáöíøò. æóÞóÇáó ØóáúÍóÉõ: ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúÊõ ÃóãúÑöí Åöáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó. æóÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏñ (3) : ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúÊõ ÃóãúÑöí Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö [Èúäö ÚóæúÝò] (4) . æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: Ãóíøõßõãú íóÈúÑóÃõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóäóÌúÚóáõåõ Åöáóíúåö¿ æóÇááøóåö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóíóäúÙõÑóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãóäú Ýöí (5) äóÝúÓöåö. ÝóÃõÓúßöÊó ÇáÔøóíúÎóÇäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõæäóåõ Åöáóíøó¿ æóÇááøóåö Úóáóíøó Ãóäú áóÇ Âáõæó Úóäú ÃóÝúÖóáößõãóÇ. ÞóÇáóÇ: äóÚóãú. ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóßó ÞóÑóÇÈóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇáúÞöÏóãõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó¡ æóÇááøóåö Úóáóíúßó áóÆöäú ÃóãøóÑúÊõßó áöÊóÚúÏöáóäøó¡ æóáóÆöäú ÃõãøöÑúÊõ Úóáóíúßó áóÊóÓúãóÚóäøó æóáóÊõØöíÚóäøó. Ëõãøó ÎóáóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãöíËóÇÞó ÞóÇáó: ÇÑúÝóÚú íóÏóßó íóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ. ÝóÈóÇíóÚóåõ¡ æóÈóÇíóÚó áóåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóæóáóÌó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÝóÈóÇíóÚõæåõ (6) .
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó ÞóÇáó (7) : ". . Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóåúØó
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 5/17 - 18
(2) ä¡ ã: íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(3) ä¡ ã: ÓóÚöíÏñ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ.
(4) Èúäö ÚóæúÝò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) Ýöí: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (È) .
(6) ÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó 5/58 - 59
(7) ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÇáöí Ýöí: ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö 9/78 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó íõÈóÇíöÚõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ) æóÓóÈóÞó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí 5/61 - 62 æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò.(6/161)
ÇáøóÐöíäó æóáøóÇåõãú ÚõãóÑõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÝóÊóÔóÇæóÑõæÇ (1) ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: áóÓúÊõ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÃõäóÇÝöÓõßõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóáóßöäú (2) Åöäú ÔöÆúÊõãõ ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ áóßõãú ãöäúßõãú. ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó áöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö (3) Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóáøóæúÇ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóãúÑóåõãú ãóÇáó (4) ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇ ÃóÑóì ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÊúÈóÚõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÑøóåúØó ÇáøóÐöíäó æóáøóÇåõãú ÚõãóÑõ (5) ¡ æóáóÇ íóØóÃõ ÚóÞöÈóåõ ". ÞóÇáó (6) : " æóãóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö íõÔóÇæöÑõæäóåõ Êöáúßó ÇááøóíóÇáöíó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇááøóíúáóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÕúÈóÍúäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ (7) ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãöÓúæóÑõ: ØóÑóÞóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÈóÚúÏó åóÌúÚò ãöäó Çááøóíúáö¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙúÊõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÇßó äóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóÇááøóåö (8) ãóÇ ÇßúÊóÍóáúÊõ åóÐöåö ÇááøóíúáóÉó (9) ÈößóÈöíÑö äóæúãò¡ ÇäúØóáöÞú ÝóÇÏúÚõ áöí (10) ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó æóÓóÚúÏðÇ¡ ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõãóÇ (11) ÝóÔóÇæóÑóåõãóÇ. Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇäöí ÝóÞóÇáó (12) : ÇÏúÚõ áöí ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõ¡ ÝóäóÇÌóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇÈúåóÇÑøó Çááøóíúáõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ØóãóÚò. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö íóÎúÔóì ãöäú Úóáöíøò
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÊóÔóÇæóÑõæÇ.
(2) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: æóáóßöäøóßõãú.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö.
(4) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÝóãóÇáó.
(5) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " ÇáøóÐöíäó æóáøóÇåõãú ÚõãóÑõ " áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(6) ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð.
(7) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÈóÇíóÚúäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó.
(8) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÝóæóÇááøóåö.
(9) åóÐöåö ÇááøóíúáóÉó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: åóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËó æóåöíó Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(10) áöí: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(11) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõãóÇ áóåõ.
(12) Ñ: ÝóÞóÇáó áöí.(6/162)
ÔóíúÆðÇ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÇÏúÚõ áöí ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ [ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõ] (1) ¡ ÝóäóÇÌóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì ÝóÑøóÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäõ ÈöÇáÕøõÈúÍö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Õóáøóì ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍó æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó (2) ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÑøóåúØõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö¡ ÃóÑúÓóáó (3) Åöáóì ãóäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÖöÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Åöáóì ÃõãóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÏö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ æóÇÝóæúÇ (4) Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÌøóÉó ãóÚó ÚõãóÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÊóÔóåøóÏó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Åöäøöí (5) ÞóÏú äóÙóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýóáóãú ÃóÑóåõãú íóÚúÏöáõæäó ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáóäøó Úóáóì äóÝúÓößó ÓóÈöíáðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÈóÇíöÚõßó Úóáóì ÓõäøóÉö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÇáúÎóáöíÝóÊóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ ÝóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö æóÈóÇíóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑõæäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ æóÃõãóÑóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÏö æóÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ".
[ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ãÇ Êã Ýí ÈíÚÉ ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " [Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó] (6) : Åöäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Úóáöíøñ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÕóÇÑõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉð¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Þóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó (7) [ÕóÇÑó] (8) Ýöíåöãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ áöÚöáúãöåö Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÚõËúãóÇäó áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò¡ æóÃóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áóÇ íóÚúÏöáõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ãóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó¿ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó (9)
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(1) ÝóÏóÚóæúÊõåõ: ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú ãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö.
(2) ä: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍó ÇÌúÊóãóÚó¡ ã: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó. æóÝöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÇÌúÊóãóÚó¡ æóÇáúãõËúÈóÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
(3) ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó.
(4) æóÇÝóæúÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: æóÇÝóÞõæÇ.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÝóÅöäøöí.
(6) ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ " Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ": ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(7) Í¡ È: ÇáøóÐöí.
(8) ÕóÇÑó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(9) ä¡ ã: ÞóÏú ÞóÇáóåõ.(6/163)
ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÙóäøó Èöåö (1) Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÛóÑóÖõåõ æöáóÇíóÉó ÚõËúãóÇäó ãõÍóÇÈóÇÉð áóåõ¡ æóãóäúÚó Úóáöíøò ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉð áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÞóÕúÏõåõ åóÐóÇ áóæóáøóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ æóáóãú íóäúÊóØöÍú ÝöíåóÇ ÚóäúÒóÇäö. ßóíúÝó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÚóÇÔõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÞóÏøóãõæÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÚúíöíäö ÚõãóÑó áóåõ¿ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó [ÚõãóÑõ] (2) Úóíøóäóåõ¡ áóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉð (3) áóåõ æóØóÇÚóÉð¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäõæÇ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: Ãóåúáó Ïöíäò æóÎóíúÑò æóÚóÏúáò¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúãõäóÇÝöÞõæäó ÇáØøóÇÚöäõæäó Ýöíåöãú: Åöäøó ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõãõ ÇáÙøõáúãõ æóÇáÔøóÑøõ. áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ ÊõÓóãøöíåö: ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö áóãú íóÎóÝú ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö¡ æóÇáäøõÝõæÓõ áóãú ÊóÊóæóØøóäú (4) Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÏò ãõÚóíøóäò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóÇ ÕóÇÑó áöÚõãóÑó ÃóãúÑñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÎóÇÝõ ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú ãóØöíÚõæåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóãóÑøóäõæÇ (5) Úóáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö¿
ÝóÚõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÚõËúãóÇäó áóÞóÏøóãóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóæúÑóÉö (6) ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö.
Ëõãøó Ãóíøõ ÛóÑóÖò íóßõæäõ áöÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ýöí ÚõËúãóÇäó Ïõæäó Úóáöíøò¿ æóáóíúÓó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÕøöáóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöãøóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Úóáöíøò¡ áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö.
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(1) ä¡ ã¡ í: Ýöíåö.
(2) ÚõãóÑõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) Ñ¡ ä¡ í: ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉð.
(4) ä: ÊóÓúÊóæúØöäú.
(5) ä¡ ã: æóÞóÏú ãõÑøöäõæÇ.
(6) È: ÇáÏøõæóíúÑóÉö.(6/164)
æóÚõãóÑõ ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇÈúäóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÏúÎöáú Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇÈúäó Úóãøöåö ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÚóÔúÑóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò (1) . æóåõãú (2) ãöäú ÞóÈöíáóÉö Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøò. æóáóÇ ßóÇäó íõæóáøöí ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøò ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ Èóáú æóáøóì ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ëõãøó ÚóÒóáóåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõåõ Ýöí Çááøóåö áóæúãóÉõ áóÇÆöãò¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÏóÇÚò íóÏúÚõæåõ Åöáóì ãõÍóÇÈóÇÉö ÒóíúÏò Ïõæäó ÚóãúÑòæ ÈöáóÇ ÛóÑóÖò íõÍóÕøöáõåõ (3) ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ (4) ¿
Ýóãóäú ÃóÞúÕóì ÚóÔöíÑóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÏøóíúäó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íõæóÝøóì ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ãóÇáö ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú ãóÇáö Èóäöí ÚóÏöíøò¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú ãóÇáö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ æóáóÇ íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÇáö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÍóÇÌóÉò áóåõ Åöáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóæú Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÏøöãóåõ¿ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö áóÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÎúáõÝõåõãú æóáóÇ Ýöí Ïóíúäöåö ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö¿
æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÍóÇÈöí ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö Åöáóíúåö Ýöí äóÍúæö Ðóáößó. Ýóãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõ ÍóÇÌóÉñ áóÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÃóíøõ ÏóÇÚò íóÏúÚõæåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó¿ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóåõæó æóÞúÊñ íõÓúáöãõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ¡ æóíóÊõæÈõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÝóÇÌöÑõ. Ýóáóæú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó áöÚóáöíøò ÍóÞøðÇ Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÏøöãóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò: ÅöãøóÇ ÊóæúÈóÉð Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ [æóÅöãøóÇ ÊóÎúÝöíÝðÇ áöáÐøóäúÈö] (5) ¡ (6 ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãóÇäöÚñ Ïõäúíóæöíøñ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÏøöíäõ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÏøöíäõ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó 6) (6)
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(1) ÓóÈúÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 3/501 æóåõæó Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÃóæøóáóåõ: ÚóÔóÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö.
(2) í: æóåõæó.
(3) Í¡ È: íóÍúÕõáõ.
(4) ÚöäúÏó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö " ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ " ÊóäúÊóåöí äõÓúÎóÉõ (í) .
(5) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) (6 - 6) ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (Í) .(6/165)
áóÝóÚóáóåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÊóÝöÚõ Èöåö áóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäò æóáóÇ ÏõäúíóÇ (1) ¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÛóÑóÖó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóíóÊúÑõßõ ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí Ïöíäöåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ãóÚó ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö [æóÍõÖõæÑöåö] (2) æóØõæáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó - æóÇáúÚöíóÇÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö - Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÏõæøðÇ ãõÈúÛöÖðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúÈöÛúÖóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ãóäøóåõ äóÇáó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ äóÇáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÚõãóÑõ ãöãøóäú íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÕóÇÏöÞñ ãõÕóÏøóÞñ (3) ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÐúßóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÏóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ãöäú ÃóÙúåóÑö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ Ýóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ (4) Ãóäøóåõ Åöäö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóáóì ãõÚóÇÏóÇÊöåö íõÚóÐøóÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ æóÞúÊó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÛóÑóÖñ Ýöí æöáóÇíóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÕúÑöÝõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Úóäú ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöåö áöÛóíúÑö ÛóÑóÖò¿
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÌóÚó æóÊóÇÈó¡ ßóãóÇ ÎóÇÝó ÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÞúÊó ÇáúãóæúÊö.
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÏú ßóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõ æöáóÇíóÉó Úóáöíøò ÈöáóÇ ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÊóæúÈóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú æóáøóì ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõ áóÓóãöÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÃóØóÇÚõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íóäúÊóØöÍú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÚóäúÒóÇäö. æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÙóÇáöãõ ÝóíõÄóÏøöíåóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåò áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÙóÇáöãðÇ¡ ÝóíõæÕöí æóÞúÊó
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇ.
(2) æóÍõÖõæÑöåö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) Í¡ È: ãóÕúÏõæÞñ.
(4) ä¡ ã: ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÝóÚóáöãó.(6/166)
ÇáúãóæúÊö áöÝõáóÇäò ÈößóÐóÇ æóáöÝõáóÇäò ÈößóÐóÇ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõåóÇ æóÕöíøóÉð¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÅöãøóÇ ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞøðÇ æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö.
æóáóíúÓó áöÚõãóÑó ãóäú íóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈóåõ ÕóÑóÝó ÇáúÃóãúÑó Úóäúåõãú¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÃóÚúÏóáõ æóÃóÊúÞóì ãöäú Ãóäú íóÙúáöãóåõãú. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÇäó íóäúÊóÞöãõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó [áóãú] (1) íõÈóÇíöÚõæåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóÈóäõæ ÚóÏöíøò ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ (2) áóãú íóßõäú áóåõãú ÔóæúßóÉñ æóáóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóåõãú ßõáøõåõãú ãõÍöÈøõæäó áöÚóáöíøò ãõÚóÙøöãõæäó áóåõ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú íõÈúÛöÖõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Ãóæú íõÈúÛöÖõåõ Úóáöíøñ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÊóáó Úóáöíøñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóÇ Ýöí ÌóÇåöáöíøóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöÓúáóÇãò. æóßóÐóáößó Èóäõæ Êóíúãò (3) ßõáøõåõãú íõÍöÈøõæäó ÚóáöíøðÇ [æóÚóáöíøñ íõÍöÈøõåõãú] (4) ¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÊõáú Úóáöíøñ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ýöí ÌóÇåöáöíøóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöÓúáóÇãò.
æóíõÞóÇáõ ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÚõãóÑõ ãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÅöÐóÇ ÑõæÌöÚó ÑóÌóÚó¡ æóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íóÚúÊóÑöÝõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò Ãóäøóåõ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ áóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÝóíóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó (5) åóÐóÇ ÊóæúÈóÉñ. æóíóÞõæáõ: ÑóÌõáñ ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú¡ æóíõÌóÏøöÏõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó áóãøóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÊóÇÈõ ãöäúåõ. ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ æóåõæó Ðõæ ÓõáúØóÇäò Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ æóÞúÊó ÇáúãóæúÊö¿
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íõãúßöäõåõ Ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇáó áöÚóáöíøò ÈöÍöíáóÉò íóÊóæóáøóì ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÙúåöÑõ ãóÇ Èöåö íõÐóãøõ (6) ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÍúÊóÇáó áöÚõËúãóÇäó. æóáóæú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ßóÇäó áöÚóáöíøò Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßóÇäó áóåõ ØõÑõÞñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäöåö ÊóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
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(1) áóãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) Ñ: ÝóÅöäøóåõãú¡ ã: ÝóÅöäú.
(3) ä: ÈõíõæÊõåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) æóÚóáöíøñ íõÍöÈøõåõãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: æóÅöäøó.
(6) Í¡ Ñ: äóÏöãó.(6/167)
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøóåõ Úóáöãó (1) Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÚõËúãóÇäó áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò¡ ßóÐöÈñ [Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ -] (2) . æóáóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò äöÒóÇÚñ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ (3) ¡ [ßöáóÇåõãóÇ] (4) ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò. æóãóÇ ÒóÇáó Èóäõæ ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò íóÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäó ÍóÑúÈò ÃóÊóì ÚóáöíøðÇ ÚóÞöÈó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóØóáóÈó ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó¡ áößóæúäö Úóáöíøò ßóÇäó ÇÈúäó Úóãøö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ßóÇäó (5) Ýöíåö ÈóÞóÇíóÇ ãöäú ÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóì Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÈöíáóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉõ Ýöí Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò.
æóßóÐóáößó ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ßóÇäó ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Êóßóáøóãó ãóÚó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÖóíúÊõãú Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò¿
æóßõáøõ ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúÚóÇÏöíøóÉó¡ æóíóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÓöíÑóÉö ÇáúÞóæúãö¡ íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóÈóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ãóßøóÉó ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö íóßúÔöÝõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó¡ æóÑóÂåõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ¡ ÃóÎóÐóåõ æóÃóÑúßóÈóåõ ÎóáúÝóåõ¡ æóÃóÊóì Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóØóáóÈó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ãóäú íõÔóÑøöÝóåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Åöäøó
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(1) Åöäøóåõ Úóáöãó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) .
(3) ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (È) ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: Åöáóíúåö.
(4) ßöáóÇåõãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ßóÇäó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (ã) .(6/168)
ÃóÈóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäó [ÑóÌõáñ] (1) íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÔøóÑóÝó (2) . æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö áöÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó æóÈóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉóº áöÃóäøóåõãú ßõáøóåõãú Èóäõæ ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò.
æóÍóÊøóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó Úóáöíøò æóÈóíúäó ÑóÌõáò ÂÎóÑó (3) ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãõäóÇÒóÚóÉñ Ýöí ÍóÏøò¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Ýöí ãóæúßöÈò Ýöíåöãú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ áöíóÞöÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ÝóÇÈúÊóÏóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ æóÓóÃóáó Úóäú ãóÚúáóãò ãöäú ãóÚóÇáöãö ÇáúÍóÏøö: åóáú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÚõãóÑó¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú (4) . ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÙõáúãðÇ áóÛóíøóÑóåõ ÚõãóÑõ. ÝóÇäúÊóÕóÑó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ áöÚóáöíøò Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍõßõæãóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Úóáöíøñ ÍóÇÖöÑðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóßøóáó ÇÈúäó ÌóÚúÝóÑò. æóßóÇäó [Úóáöíøñ] (5) íóÞõæáõ: " Åöäøó áöáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊö ÞõÍóãðÇ (6) ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÍúÖõÑõåóÇ " æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóßøóáó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÌóÚúÝóÑò Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÇßóãóÉö.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóæúßöíáö Ýöí ÇáúÎõÕõæãóÉö ÈöÏõæäö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáúÎóÕúãö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æó [ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö] ÃóÍúãóÏó (7) æóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ðóáößó áöÚóáöíøò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑöí áöãó ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¿
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(1) ÑóÌõáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÓóÈúÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 5/434 æóåõæó ßóáóÇãñ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÏóÇÑó ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Ýóåõæó Âãöäñ.
(3) ÂÎóÑó ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) Í: ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(5) Úóáöíøñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(6) Ýöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö: æóÇáúÞõÍóãõ: ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúÚöÙóÇãõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÑúßóÈõåóÇ ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò æóáöáúÎõÕõæãóÉö ÞõÍóãñ¡ Ãóíú: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊõÞúÍöãõ ÈöÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ¡ æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò ßóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÌúåóåõ: Ãóäøóåõ æóßøóáó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÈöÇáúÎõÕõæãóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó áöáúÎõÕõæãóÉö ÞõÍóãðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúÚöÙóÇãõ ÇáÔøóÇÞøóÉõ¡ æóÇÍöÏóÊõåóÇ ÞõÍúãóÉñ.
(7) ä¡ ã: ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó.(6/169)
ÝóÚóáó áöÃóÌóáö ÇáúãóäóÇÝöíøóÉö. Ãóíú áöÃóÌúáö ÃóäøóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò.
æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú æóÞóÚóÊú ÍõßõæãóÉñ ÔóÇæóÑóäöí ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÞõÖóÇÉö ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö¡ æóÃóÍúÖóÑó áöí ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöíåö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõßõæãóÉõ¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉó: áóÝúÙóÉó " ÇáúãóäóÇÝöíøóÉö " ÝóÈóíøóäúÊõåóÇ áóåõãú æóÝóÓøóÑúÊõ áóåõãú ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó Èóäöí ÚóÈúÏö ãóäóÇÝò ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ áóãøóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇÑóÉö. ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö æóÚóåúÏö Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáóÊö ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉõ áóãøóÇ æóáöíó Èóäõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ æóÕóÇÑó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäó ÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò (1) ÝõÑúÞóÉñ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÞóæúãõ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäóåõãú ãóÇ íóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌóÇåò Ãóæú ãóÇáò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÎóÕúãñ ßóÇäõæÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÅöáúÈðÇ (2) æóÇÍöÏðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ.
ÝóßóÇäó Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò ãöäú Âáö Úóáöíøò æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÃõãóæöíøóÉö ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó áóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãóäú íóÏúÚõæ Åöáóíúåöãú ÕóÇÑó íóÏúÚõæ Åöáóì ÇáÑøöÖóÇ ãöäú Âáö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóáóÇ íõÚöíøöäõåõ¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóáóæöíøóÉõ ÊóØúãóÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó (3) Ýöíåöãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõæÇ (4) ÇáÏøóæúáóÉó ÇáúÃõãóæöíøóÉó¡ æóÕóÇÑóÊö ÇáÏøóæúáóÉõ åóÇÔöãöíøóÉð¡ æóÈóäóì ÇáÓøóÝøóÇÍõ ãóÏöíäóÉð
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(1) ä¡ ã: æóÕóÇÑó Èóíúäó ÈóÚúÖöåöãú æóÈóíúäó ÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ (Ñ) : æóÕóÇÑó Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóÚúÖö Èóäöí ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò.
(2) Ýöí ÇáúãöÕúÈóÇÍö ÇáúãõäöíÑö: æóåõãú ÅöáúÈñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ Ãóíú: ÌóãúÚñ¡ ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö¡ æóÇáúÝóÊúÍõ áõÛóÉð.
(3) È: Ãóäú íóßõæäó.
(4) ä: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÒóÇáóÊú.(6/170)
ÓóãøóÇåóÇ ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó (1) Êóæóáøóì ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑõ¡ æóÞóÚó (2) äöÒóÇÚñ Èóíúäó ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøöíäó¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇÈúäóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÍóÓóäò Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö¡ æóÓóíøóÑó ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ãóäú íõÞóÇÊöáõåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÝöÊúäóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ ÞõÊöáó ÝöíåóÇ ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑñ. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓöíøöíäó æóÞóÚó Èóíúäóåõãú äöÒóÇÚñ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãöíäö æóÇáúãóÃúãõæäö ÃõãõæÑñ ÃõÎóÑõ. ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ [æóäóÍúæõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö] (3) ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÑóÊú ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ (4) .
[Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøðÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ (5) ÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÝúæöíÖö ÇáúÃóãúÑö (6) Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóßúÑóåó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑó] (7) .
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áóÇ íóÚúÏöáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö æóÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö ".
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáóì ÃóäúÓóÇÈöåöãúº ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áóíúÓó ÃóÎðÇ áöÚõËúãóÇäó æóáóÇ ÇÈúäó Úóãøöåö æóáóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáóÊöåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Èóáú åóÐóÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ÒõåúÑóÉó æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó. [æóÈóäõæ] ÒõåúÑóÉó (8) Åöáóì Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóíúáðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Èóäöí ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó [Èóäöí] ÒõåúÑóÉó (9) ÃóÎúæóÇáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ
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(1) Ëõãøó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) .
(2) Ñ: æóæóÞóÚó.
(3) æóäóÍúæõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÓóÞóØóÊú " æóäóÍúæõåóÇ " ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(4) ã¡ Í¡ Ñ: ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊõ.
(5) ÌóãöíÚðÇ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí Í¡ Ñ.
(6) Ñ: ÊóÝúæöíÖö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö.
(7) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(8) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: æóÒõåúÑóÉó.
(9) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÝóÅöäøó ÒõåúÑóÉó.(6/171)
ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «åóÐóÇ ÎóÇáöí¡ ÝóáúíõÑöäöí (1) ÇãúÑõÄñ ÎóÇáóåõ» " (2) .
æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóíúÖðÇ Èóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãõÄóÇÎóÇÉñ æóáóÇ ãõÎóÇáóØóÉñ (3) º ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãú íõÄóÇÎö Èóíúäó ãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò æóãõåóÇÌöÑöíøò (4) ¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøò æóÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÂÎóì Èóíúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò æóÈóíúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÐóáößó (5) ¡ æóáóãú íõÄóÇÎö ÞóØøõ Èóíúäó ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö.
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóáúíõÑöäöí¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøõÓóÎö: ÝóáúíõßúÑöãúäó.
(2) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 5/313 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÌóÇáöÏò¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóÚúÏõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÒõåúÑóÉó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Ãóãøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú Èóäöí ÒõåúÑóÉó¡ áöÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: åóÐóÇ ÎóÇáöí.
(3) ä¡ ã: æóáóÇ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(4) Ñ: Èóíúäó ãõåóÇÌöÑò æóãõåóÇÌöÑò.
(5) Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ÚöÏøóÉö ØõÑõÞò æóÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò ãöäúåóÇ 5/69 ßöÊóÇÈõ ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ßóíúÝó ÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóäóÕøõåõ: æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò: ÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãúÊõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó. ÈóíúäóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÈóÇÈö æóäóÝúÓö ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÏöãó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ÝóÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÝóÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõäóÇÕöÝóåõ Ãóåúáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ÈóÇÑóßó Çááøóåõ áóßó Ýöí Ãóåúáößó æóãóÇáößó¡ Ïõáøóäöí Úóáóì ÇáÓøõæÞö. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò æóãöäú ØõÑõÞò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ØóÈúÚóÉó ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑö ÃóáúÈóÛóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÞóÇãõ: 1943¡ 1944¡ 2171¡ 3570¡ 3721¡ 3722¡ 4853¡ 4858¡ 4860¡ 4872¡ 5732¡ 6023¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö 3/220 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÈöÑøö æóÇáÕøöáóÉö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ãõæóÇÓóÇÉö ÇáúÃóÎö) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 3/190¡ 204 - 205¡ 271(6/172)
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÖóÑúÈö ÃóÚúäóÇÞöåöãú Åöäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ".
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóæøóáðÇ: ãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ¿ æóÃóíúäó ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó [Ãóäú] (1) Ãóäú áóÇ íõÝóÇÑöÞõæåõãú ÍóÊøóì íõÈóÇíöÚõæÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú.
Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ ËóÇäöíðÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáú åóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò íõÚúÑóÝõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÚõãóÑõ ÞóØøõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÎöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÊöáõæÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ [ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáöåöãú] (2) ÃóÔóÏøó ÝóÓóÇÏðÇ¿ Ëõãøó áóæú ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú áóÞóÇáó æóáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáöåöãú ÝõáóÇäðÇ æóÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøöíäó áöáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íõæóáøöí ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ¿
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýóãóäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäú ÞóÊúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ßõáøõåóÇ ãõØöíÚóÉñ áóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÚóÓóÇßöÑõ æóÇáúÌõäõæÏõ ãóÚóåõãú¿ æóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ ßõáøõåõãú ÞóÊúáó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú áóÚóÌóÒõæÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú ÃóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó. ÝóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ÞóáöíáóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÈöÞóÊúáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö [ÌóãöíÚðÇ] (3) ¿ æóáóæú ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÚõãóÑõ ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó íóÓúßõÊõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉõ¡ æóíõãóßøöäõæäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóíóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóäú íóäúÕõÑõåõãú¿
æóáóæú ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó áóãú íóÊóæóáøó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ áóãú íóÌöÈú ÞóÊúáõ ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú [ÈöÐóáößó] (4) Èóáú Êóæóáøóì (5) ÛóíúÑõåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ [ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö] Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó (6) ßóÇäó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ
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(1) Ãóäú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(2) ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáöåöãú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÌóãöíÚðÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÈöÐóáößó: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) È: Èóáú íõæóáøöí¡ ä: Èóáú æóáøóì.
(6) ä¡ ã: æóåóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó.(6/173)
ÊõÚúÑóÖõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóæóáøóì¡ æóãóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÞóÏú Úõíøöäó áöáúÎöáóÇÝóÉö íóæúãó ÇáúÍóßóãóíúäö [ÝóÊóÛóíøóÈó Úóäúåõ] (1) æóãóÇ ÂÐóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóØøõ¡ æóãóÇ ÓõãöÚó ÞóØøõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö ÝóÞõÊöáó Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÞö ãõÝúÊóÑò [áóÇ íóÏúÑöí] ãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ (2) áóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÚóÇÏóÉð.
Ëõãøó äóÞõæáõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ ãõÑóßøóÈðÇ: áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÃóãóÑó Èöåö. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÈóØóáó ÅöäúßóÇÑõåõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóáóíúÓó ßóæúäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ßóæúäõåõ æóáöíøðÇ áöáøóåö ãöãøóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÞóÊúáóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ Ðóáößó.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÌóãó ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «áóÞóÏú ÊóÇÈóÊú ÊóæúÈóÉð áóæú ÊóÇÈóåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ãóßúÓò áóÛõÝöÑó áóåõ. æóåóáú æóÌóÏúÊó ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú Ãóäú ÌóÇÏóÊú ÈöäóÝúÓöåóÇ áöáøóåö» " (3) ÝóåóÐöåö íóÔúåóÏõ áóåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó. Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏøõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÑóÌúãöåóÇ.
æóáóæú æóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÞöÕóÇÕñ¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóæúáöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö¡ æóÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúÚóãúÏö ÊóæúÈóÉð äóÕõæÍðÇ¡ áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íõãóßøóäó ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÔóÇÁõæÇ ÞóÊóáõæåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÞóÊúáõåõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÉð áóåõ.
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(1) ÝóÊóÛóíøóÈó Úóäúåõ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ÝóÛóíøóÈó ÛóíúÈóÉð.
(2) ä¡ ã: ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãõÝúÊóÑò ÈöãóÇ íóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò 3/1323¡ 1324 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ) æóÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó ãóÇÚöÒó Èúäó ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøó ÃóÊóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÝöíåö: ÝóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇáúÛóÇãöÏöíøóÉõ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÒóäóíúÊõ ÝóØóåøöÑúäöí. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí: Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó 4/212 - 213 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÑóÌúãöåóÇ ãöäú ÌõåóíúäóÉó) ¡ Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö 2/179 - 180 (ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ) ¡ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö Ø. ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøö 5/348(6/174)
æóÇáÊøóÚúÒöíÑõ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÍúÕõáö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ ÈöÏõæäöåö ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ (1) ¡ ßóÞóÊúáö ÇáúÌóÇÓõæÓö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö¡ áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöíåö (2) ÞóæúáóÇäö ãóÚúÑõæÝóÇäö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÞóæúáóÇäö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: [íóÌõæÒõ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò. æóÇáËøóÇäöí:] (3) áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÞóÊúáõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ãóäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóãúÑõßõãú Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò¡ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÊóßõãú ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ» " (4) æóÞóÇáó Ýöí «ÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö: " Åöäú ÔóÑöÈóåóÇ (5) Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæåõ» " (6) . æóÞóÏú ÊóäóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãö: åóáú åõæó ãóäúÓõæÎñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
Ýóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÛö áóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäú ßóæúäö Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÏóÍú áóÇ Ýöí ÚóÏúáö åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÞóÚú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¿
Ëõãøó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉó íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóãóÑó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú¡ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÕöÍøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäó ÇáúÞóÊúáó ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú¡ ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ íõäúßöÑõæäó Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÍóÇÈöíåöãú Ýöí ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóíóÃúãõÑõ
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(1) Í¡ Ñ: ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò.
(2) Ñ: ÝöíåóÇ¡ Í: ÝöíåöãóÇ.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(4) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/564
(5) ä¡ ã: Åöäú ÔóÑöÈó.
(6) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Õ 39 - 40(6/175)
ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãú¿ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúÊõãú: ßóÇäó ãóÞúÕõæÏõåõ ÞóÊúáó Úóáöíøò.
Þöíáó: áóæú ÈóÇíóÚõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó íóÖõÑøõ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ãóäú íóÎóÇÝõ. æóÞóÏú ÊóÎóáøóÝó ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Úóäú ÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóáóãú íóÖúÑöÈõæåõ æóáóãú íóÍúÈöÓõæåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÊúáö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÈóäöí åóÇÔöãò ÊóÎóáøóÝõæÇ Úóäú ÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÓöÊøóÉó ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ íóÞõæáõ (1) : Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÃóßúÑóåõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõßúÑóåú ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãõÊóÚóíøóäóÉñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ãõÈóÇíóÚóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóåöíó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÚóíøóäóÉò¿
æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ ãõÏøóÉó ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåöãóÇ ãóÇ ÒóÇáóÇ [ãõßúÑöãóíúäö] (2) ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇãö áöÚóáöíøò æóÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò íõÞóÏøöãõæäóåõãú Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ [ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò] (3) : ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÑúÞõÈõæÇ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Ýöí Ãóåúáö (4) ÈóíúÊöåö. æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò íóÐúåóÈõ æóÍúÏóåõ Åöáóì ÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ Èóäõæ åóÇÔöãò¡ ÝóíóÐúßõÑõ áóåõãú (5) ÝóÖúáóåõãú¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó áóåõ ÝóÖúáóåõ¡ æóíóÚúÊóÑöÝõæäó áóåõ ÈöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉó¡ æóíóÚúÊóÐöÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃóÎøõÑö¡ æóíõÈóÇíöÚõæäóåõ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏóåõãú æóÍúÏóåõ.
æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉõ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúãö (6) ãöäó ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáöÇÆúÊöáóÇÝö ÊõæÌöÈõ ßóÐöÈó ãóäú äóÞóáó ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ Ðóáößó.
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(1) Í¡ È: íóÞõæáõæäó.
(2) ãõßúÑöãóíúäö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: Ýöí Âáö.
(5) Í: ÝóíõÐóßøöÑõåõãú.
(6) ä¡ ã: Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.(6/176)
æóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ [Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåöãóÇ] (1) ÅöíÐóÇÁó Úóáöíøò ÈöØóÑöíÞò ãöäó ÇáØøõÑõÞö¡ áóßóÇäóÇ ÃóÞúÏóÑó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäú ÕóÑúÝö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑõæäó íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú Ùóáóãõæåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáò ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúÏóÑó Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚö ÇáÙøõáúãö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóãóäúÚöåöãóÇ ãöäú Ùõáúãöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÇ ÃóÚúÌóÒó Úóäú Ùõáúãöåö áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏóÇ Ðóáößó (2) ¡ ÝóåóáøóÇ ÙóáóãóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÞõæøóÊöåöãóÇ æóãõØóÇæóÚóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõãóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÇ ãõÑöíÏóíúäö áöÙõáúãöåö¿
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö Ãóäøó ãóäú Êóæóáøóì æöáóÇíóÉð¡ æóåõäóÇßó ãóäú åõæó ãõÑóÔøóÍñ áóåóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõäóÇÒöÚóåõ (3) ¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞóÑøõ ÍóÊøóì íóÏúÝóÚóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó: ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÍóÈúÓò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÞóÊúáò (4) ÓöÑøðÇ Ãóæú ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð (5) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú ÚóÇÏóÉõ Çáúãõáõæßö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÇ íóÚúáóãóÇäö ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÙóÇáöãóÇäö áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÙúáõæãñ íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÙúáõæãñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÑöíÏñ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÎóÇÝóÇ ãöäúåõ.
ÝóßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí áóæú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ Ãóäú íóÓúÚóíóÇ Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö Ãóæú ÍóÈúÓöåö æóáóæú ÈöÇáúÍöíáóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏóÇåõ (6) áóßóÇäó ÃóÓúåóáó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ãóäúÚöåö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóáóæú ÃóÑóÇÏóÇ ÊóÃúãöíÑóåõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÌõíõæÔö¡ æóÃóæúÕóíóÇ (7) ÈóÚúÖó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌõíõæÔö (8) Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáóåõ
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(1) Ýöí æöáóÇíóÊöåöãóÇ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä¡ ã: æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÚúÌóÒó Úóäú Ùõáúãöåö áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ðóáößó.
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: Ãóäú íóäúÒöÚóåõ.
(4) ÈöÞóÊúáò: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí (ã) ¡ (È) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) ¡ (Í) ¡ (Ñ) : ÈöÞóíúÏò.
(5) ä¡ ã: ÓöÑøðÇ æóÚóáóÇäöíóÉð.
(6) ä: áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(7) ä: æóÃóæúÕóì¡ æóåõæó ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(8) ä¡ Ñ: ÇáúÌóíúÔö.(6/177)
æóíóÓõãøóåõ¡ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãõãúßöäðÇ.
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí áöãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ íõäóÇÒöÚõåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúåõ¡ ÃóãúÑñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ. æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäú ÅöåóÇäóÉò æóÅöíÐóÇÁò æóÍóÈúÓò æóÞóÊúáò æóÅöÈúÚóÇÏò.
æóÚóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ãóÇ ÒóÇáóÇ ãõßúÑöãóíúäö áóåõ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇãö Èößõáøö ØóÑöíÞò¡ ãõÞóÏøöãóíúäö áóåõ¡ [Èóáú] (1) æóáöÓóÇÆöÑö Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóØóÇÁö¡ ãõÞóÏøöãóíúäö áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö æóÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö æóÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉö æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáóÇäö ÈöäõÙóÑóÇÆöåö¡ æóíõÝóÖøöáóÇäöåö ÈöãóÇ ÝóÖøóáóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó - Èöåö Úóáóì ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöËúáóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Úóäúåõãú (2) ßóáöãóÉõ ÓõæÁò Ýöí Úóáöíøò ÞóØøõ¡ [Èóáú] (3) æóáóÇ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò.
æóãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÚóÇÏóÇÉó ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÊõæÌöÈõ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóÐóì áöãóäú íõÚóÇÏóì. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ¡ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó íõæÌöÈõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö. Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÇ ãõÑöíÏóíúäö ÈöÚóáöíøò ÓõæÁðÇ¡ áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÙõåõæÑóåõ áöÞõÏúÑóÊöåöãóÇ. ÝóßóíúÝó æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäúåõãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉõ æóÇáúãõæóÇáóÇÉõ¿ !
æóßóÐóáößó Úóáöíøñ - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ÞóÏú ÊóæóÇÊóÑó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊöåöãóÇ æóãõæóÇáóÇÊöåöãóÇ æóÊóÚúÙöíãöåöãóÇ æóÊóÞúÏöíãöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (4) ¡ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Èöåö ÍóÇáõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Úóäúåõ ÞóØøõ ßóáöãóÉõ ÓõæÁò Ýöí ÍóÞøöåöãóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÞøó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúåõãóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó (5) ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö.
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(1) Èóáú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) ä: ãöäúåõãú
(3) Èóáú: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) .
(4) Ñ: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
(5) ä¡ ã: íóÚúÑöÝõ.(6/178)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÌúåóáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóãóäú åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÑõæÌõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö¡ æóíóÑõæÌõ ßóÐöÈõåõ Úóáóì Þóæúãò áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó: ÅöãøóÇ Þóæúãñ ÓõßøóÇäõ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí¡ Ãóæú ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ Ãóæú ÈóáóÏñ Ãóåúáõåõ ãöäú ÃóÞóáøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚöáúãðÇ æóÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÖöáøõ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÞóØøõ Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈóåõãú íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ãóÏöíäóÉò ßóÈöíÑóÉò ãöäú ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ÝöíåóÇ Ãóåúáõ Úöáúãò æóÏöíäò. æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑõæÌõ Úóáóì ÌõåøóÇáò [ÓóßóäõæÇ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöíó æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáó] (1) Ãóæú Úóáóì ãóÍöáøóÉò Ýöí ãóÏöíäóÉò Ãóæú ÈõáóíúÏóÉò¡ Ãóæú ØóÇÆöÝóÉò íõÙúåöÑõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ íõÈúØöäõæäó áöÙõåõæÑö ßóÐöÈöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚó ÇáúÚõÈóíúÏöíøöíäó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íõÙúåöÑõæäó ÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚó¡ áóãú íóÊóãóßøóäõæÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì ãóäóÚõæÇ ãóäú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑö Úöáúãöåöãú. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ ÎóÇÆöÝöíäó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÏóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ íõÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏö (2) ¡ ÝóíóßúÊõãõæäó Úóäúåõ Þóæúáóåõãú¡ æóíõÏóÇåöäõæäóåõ æóíóÊøóÞõæäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÎóÇÝõ Çáúãóáößõ ÇáúãõØóÇÚõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áöÃóäøóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÝöÑúíóÉò æóßóÐöÈò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÚöÌúáó ÓóíóäóÇáõåõãú ÛóÖóÈñ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÐöáøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöíäó} [ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 152] ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÞöáóÇÈóÉó: åöíó áößõáøö ãõÝúÊóÑò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
[ÇáÑÏ Úáì Þæá ÇáÑÇÝÖí Ãä ÚãÑ ÑÖí Çááå Úäå ÃãÑ ÈÞÊá ãä ÎÇáÝ ÇáÃÑÈÚÉ Ëã ÇáËáÇËÉ]
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó [ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó] (3) ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó¡ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ".
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(1) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(2) È ÝóÞóØú: ãöäó ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö.
(3) ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÝóÊóíúäö ÓóÇÞöØñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .(6/179)
ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: åóÐóÇ (1) ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑóì. æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó áóãú íóßõäú ÚõãóÑõ [ÞóÏú] (2) ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáÏøöíäó¡ Èóáú íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: " «ãóäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú æóÃóãúÑõßõãú Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÊóßõãú¡ ÝóÇÖúÑöÈõæÇ ÚõäõÞóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ßóÇÆöäðÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó» " (3) .
æóÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóäúÝóÑöÏó Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÈöÈóíúÚóÉò ÈöáóÇ ãõÔóÇæóÑóÉò áöÃóÌúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÊúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúãõÊóÎóáøöÝö Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÞõãú ÝöÊúäóÉñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÞóÊúáö [ãöËúáö] (4) åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÞóÊúáõ ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ÞóÊúáö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ÊóÑúßö æöáóÇíóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóÐöÈñ Èóíøöäñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó. ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " áóÆöäú ÝóÚóáúÊó áóíóÞúÊõáóäøóßó [ÇáäøóÇÓõ] (5) " ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ ÚóãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑñ áóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: " áóÇ íõæóáøõæäóåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ ".
ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ ÚóãøóÇ ÓóíóÞóÚõ¡ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö äóåúíñ áóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö. ãóÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö áóíúÓó ÈöËóÇÈöÊò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó. Èóáú åõæó ßóÐöÈñ Úóáóíúåö. [æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ] (6) .
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(1) ä¡ ã: ÝóåóÐóÇ.
(2) ÞóÏú: áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(3) ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì 1/564
(4) ãöËúáö: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) .
(5) ÓóÞóØóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ (ÇáäøóÇÓõ) ãöäú (ä) ¡ (ã) ¡ æóÝöí (ä) áóÞóÊóáúäóßó æóÝöí (ã) : áóÞóÊóáóÊúßó¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ.
(6) æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ: ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí (Í) ¡ (Ñ) ¡ (È) .(6/180)
[ÝÕá ßáÇã ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
[ÇáÃãæÑ ÇáÊí ÃäßÑåÇ ÇáÑÇÝÖí Úáì ÚËãÇä ÑÖí Çááå Úäå]
ÝóÕúáñ (1)
ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖöíøõ (2) : " æóÃóãøóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóáøóì ÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ áöáúæöáóÇíóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ ÇáúÝõÓõæÞõ (3) ¡ æóãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ ÇáúÎöíóÇäóÉõ¡ æóÞóÓøóãó ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö Èóíúäó ÃóÞóÇÑöÈöåö¡ æóÚõæÊöÈó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöÑóÇÑðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÑúÌöÚú¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ÔõÑúÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóÕóáøóì ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö æóåõæó ÓóßúÑóÇäõ. æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö Úóáóì ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÃóÏøóì Åöáóì Ãóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ãöäúåóÇ. æóæóáøóì ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò (4) ãöÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÙóáøóãó ãöäúåõ ÃóåúáõåóÇ¡ æóßóÇÊóÈóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóãöÑøó Úóáóì æöáóÇíóÊöåö ÓöÑøðÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÌóåúÑðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó (5) ÈöÞóÊúáö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò. æóæóáøóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáÔøóÇãó¡ ÝóÃóÍúÏóËó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊóäö ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËó. æóæóáøóì ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò (6) ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó (7)
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(1) ÝóÕúáñ: ÓóÇÞöØóÉñ ãöäú (Í) ¡ (Ñ) .
(2) Ýöí (ß) Õ 140 (ã) 141 (ã) .
(3) ä¡ ã¡ Ñ: ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ.
(4) ß: ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÓóÑúÍò.
(5) ß: æóÃóãóÑóåõ.
(6) È ÝóÞóØú: ÚóÇãöÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö ßõÑóíúÒö Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ¡ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáöíó ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÓóäóÉó 29 åÜ æõáöÏó ÈöãóßøóÉó ÓóäóÉó 4 åÜ æóÊõæõÝøöíó ÈöåóÇ ÓóäóÉó 59¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÎóÇáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúßóÇãöáó áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: 3/206¡ ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉó 2/320 - 321¡ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãó 4/228
(7) ß: ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞó.(6/181)