ÚõãúÏóÉõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÇáäøóÌúãõ Èúäõ ÝóåúÏò ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøõ¡ ÝóÌóÒóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ.
æóãöãøóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÊøóÚúæöíáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÅöäøóåóÇ áóæú ÈóØóáóÊú áóÖóÇÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ ãöÓúßöíäò ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÓõÍúäõæäò ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáÏøóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö: åöíó ÑóÃúÓõ ãóÇáò ßóÈöíÑò¡ æóåöíó ÞóæöíøóÉñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ: åöíó ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóãõæÊõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ¡ æóÊõÝúÞóÏõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ ÇáúæõÚóÇÉõ¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÅöÈúÞóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóÇ ØóÑöíÞó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ¡ ÝóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ äóÝúÚñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóÑöÝúÏñ ÌóÓöíãñ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÅöÍúßóÇãõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöÍúíóÇÁõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö [ÇáúÍóÌøö: 78] ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÈõÚöËúÊõ ÈöÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÍóÉö» ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãöäú ãóäóÇÝöÚöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ßõáøõ(2/227)
ØóÇáöÈò íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÑöÍúáóÉò æóÓóÝóÑò¡ ÅöãøóÇ áöÚöáøóÉò ÊõæÌöÈõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈõÚúÏö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÕöÏõåõ¡ ÝóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóÑúÝóÞõ¡ æóÝöí ÍóÞøöåö ÃóæúÝóÞõ¡ ÝóíóßúÊõÈõ ãóäú ÈöÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúÛóÑúÈö Åöáóì ãóäú ÈöÃóÞúÕóì ÇáÔøóÑúÞö¡ æóíóÃúÐóäõ áóåõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóäúåõ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú ËóÛúÑö ÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉó áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáúßóÔøóÇÝö) ¡ æóåõæó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõåõ ÌóãöíÚó ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöåö æóÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóáøóÝóåõ Ýöí Ýõäõæäö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóäúÔóÃóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇãóÇÊö æóÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö æóÇáÔøöÚúÑö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ ÈöÌõÒúÁò áóØöíÝò Ýöíåö áõÛóÉñ æóÝóÕóÇÍóÉñ ãóÚó ÇáúåóÖúãö Ýöíåö áöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåö: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÝóÞóÑöíÈóÉõ ÇáúãöíáóÇÏö¡ ÍóÏöíËóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ áóãú ÊóÚúÊóÖöÏú ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÎò äóÍóÇÑöíÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÃóÚúáóÇãò ãóÔóÇåöíÑó. æóßóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒó ÃóÈóÇ ÔõÌóÇÚò ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈöÓúØóÇãöíøõ¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÃóÈúíóÇÊò:
Åöäøöí ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßõãú Úóäøöí ÑöæóÇíóÊóßõãú ... ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÃóÔúíóÇÎöí æóÃóÞúÑóÇäöí
ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ãóäú ÊóÍúÝóÙõæÇ ÔóÑúØó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö áóåóÇ ... ãõÓúÊóÌúãöÚöíäó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈó ÅöÊúÞóÇäö
ÃóÑúÌõæ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÐúßõÑõäöí ... íóæúãó ÇáäøõÔõæÑö æóÅöíøóÇßõãú ÈöÛõÝúÑóÇäö
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö: áóãú ÊóÒóáú ãóÔóÇíöÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÞóÏöíãö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö¡ æóíóÑóæúäóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóäúÝóÓö ÇáØøóáóÈóÇÊö¡ æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäóåóÇ ÑóÃúÓó ãóÇáö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡(2/228)
æóíóÑóæúäó ãóäú ÚóÏöãóåóÇ ÇáúãóÛúáõæÈó áóÇ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ãóæú ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð Ãóæú ãóÚúäðì ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ãóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõ¿ ÝóÅöäú ÚõÏöãó ÓóäóÏðÇ íõÊúÑóßõ ÓõÏðì¡ æóäõÈöÐó Þóæúáõåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúáóãú ÝóÖúáõåõ.
(æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó) ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåö (ØõÑøóÇ) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáØøóÇÁö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáÑøóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÊóíúäö ; Ãóíú: ÌóãöíÚðÇ (ÞóÇáõæÇ Èöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ¡ æóÍõßöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈó ÇáÔøóíúÎóÇäö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÔóíúÎóäóÇ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ßóÇäó íóÑóì ÈöåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú¡ íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉó Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉó æóáóÇ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑóì ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú íóÛúãõÖõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ áöÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãõ¡ æóÇáúÝóåúãõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÝúåöãóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö áöÐóáößó ÛõãõæÖñ ; Ãóíú: ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáÊøóÝóÇÕöíáö¡ æóíóÊøóÌöåõ Ãóäú äóÞõæáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäúåõ ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉó Ãóæö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÌõãúáóÉð¡ Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ¡ æóÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ áóåõ ÈöåóÇ áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö äõØúÞðÇ¡ íóÚúäöí Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ßóÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãö æóÇáúÝóåúãö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÝúåöãóÉö¡ æóÇÑúÊóÖóÇåõ ßõáøõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÈóÍóËó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞöíóÇÓñ ãõÌóÑøóÏñ Úóäö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ(2/229)
íóßõæäõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóãóäúÚõ ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞö ãõÊøóÌöåñ¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ äóÇåöÖñ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ýöí ÇáúãõÝóÕøóáö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÌúãóáö ; áöÌóæóÇÒö ÎõÕõæÕöíøóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãõÝóÕøóáö¡ æóáóæú ÚóßóÓó áóÌóÇÒó. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÝóÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áóãú íõÌóÑøöÏö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó Úóäö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãó íóÚúäöí ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãó ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÑúæöíøóåõ åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÝúåöãóÉö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÍöËó ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÇáÏøóÈøóÇÓö æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ ÇäúÊóÒóÚóåõ ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÈöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÓõæÞõåõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÊóÝóÇÕöíáö ãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÝóÑúÏñ ãöäú ÃóÝúÑóÇÏö Êöáúßó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÊóÚóíøõäöåö æóÊóÔóÎøõÕöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Èößóæúäöåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇÔúÊöåóÇÑö ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ ßóÇÝò¡ æóßóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ áóåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (( «ÈóáøöÛõæÇ Úóäøöí» )) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ; ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí áöáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ åõäóÇ Ãóæúáóì.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Íóãóáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö¡ æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÈöÊóÕúÑöíÍö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåóÇ áöãóäú ÈóáóÛó ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö¡ æóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ ÇáúßóÑóÇÈöíÓöíøõ: ÃóÊóÃúÐóäõ áöí Ãóäú ÃóÞúÑóÃó Úóáóíúßó ÇáúßõÊõÈó¿ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÎõÐú ßõÊõÈó ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäöíøö ÝóÇäúÊóÓöÎúåóÇ ; ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõåóÇ áóßó. æóáóÚóáøó ÊóæóÞøõÝóåõ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö áöíóßõæäó ÊóÍóãøõáõåõ(2/230)
áöáúßöÊóÇÈö Úóáóì åóíúÆóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ æóßóÐóÇ Íóãóáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Þóæúáó ãóÇáößò: áóÇ ÃóÑóÇåóÇ¡ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ: Åöäøóåõ äõÞöáó ÚóäúåõãóÇ - ÃóÚúäöí ãóÇáößðÇ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó - ÃóÞúæóÇáñ ãõÊóÚóÇÑöÖóÉñ ÈöÙóÇåöÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÊóÃúæöíáõåóÇ æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÐúåóÈóåõãóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ áöÎóÔúíóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúæóÇÍö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íõÊúÑóßõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÔõÚúÈóÉõ æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÑóÏøóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò ÈöÃóäøóÇ áóãú äóÞõáú ÈöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÓúÚóì æóáóÇ íóÑúÍóáõ¡ Èóáú äóÞõæáõ ÈöåóÇ áöãóäú áóåõ ÚõÐúÑñ ãöäú ÞõÕõæÑö äóÝóÞóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÈõÚúÏö ãóÓóÇÝóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÕõÚõæÈóÉö ãóÓúáóßò¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ íóÚúäöí ãöãøóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÒóÇáõæÇ íóÊóÌóÔøóãõæäó ÇáúãóÕóÇÚöÈó¡ æóíóÑúßóÈõæäó ÇáúÃóåúæóÇáó Ýöí ÇáöÇÑúÊöÍóÇáö ÃóÎúÐðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÍóËøó Úóáóíúåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íõÞúÚöÏúåõãõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåóÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó. æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÇáúãóÇÖöí íõÓóÇÚöÏõåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ãõáóÇÒöãóÉñ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãóäúÚö áöÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÚúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö. äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÏú ÒóÇÏó ÇáÑøõßõæäõ ÇáúÂäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóßóÇÏó Ãóäú áóÇ íõÄúÎóÐó ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóäóÍúæöåö ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÚóæøóáö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÊóãúíöíÒö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö¡ Ãóæú áöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáÊøóÚúÌöíÒö ; ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóßõäú áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÞóÏú ÍóÇÒó¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ÊõæõÓøöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÐúäö áöãóäú áóãú íóÊóÃóåøóáú ÈöÇáúÅöÝúÊóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóÏúÑöíÓö¡ æóÇÓúÊõÏúÑöÌó áöáúÎóæúÖö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöíåóÇãõ æóÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓõ¡ æóßóËõÑó ÇáúãõÊóÓóãøóæúäó ÈöÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ(2/231)
ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ãöäú ÖõÚóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÍúáóÇãö æóÇáúÝõåõæãö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ íõÍúÓöäõ ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉó. æóÅöãøóÇ áöÊóÖóãøõäöåóÇ Íóãúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö áöãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÎöÏúãóÊöåö æóÍóãúáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ãóÇáößò ãöäú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãóäú åóÐöåö ÕöÝóÊõåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: íõÍöÈøõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ãóäú íõÏúÚóì ÞöÓøðÇ æóáóãøóÇ íóÎúÏõãö ÇáúßóäöíÓóÉó. íóÚúäöí ÈöÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÞöíåó ÈóáóÏöåö æóãõÍóÏøöËó ãöÕúÑöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõÞóÇÓöíó ÚóäóÇÁó ÇáØøóáóÈö æóãóÔóÞøóÉó ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö ; ÇÊøößóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ßóãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ãöäú ÑõÐøóÇáö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞöÓøðÇ¡ æóãóÑúÊóÈóÊõåõ áóÇ íóäóÇáõåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇÌò Øóæöíáò¡ æóÊóÚóÈò ÔóÏöíÏò - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ÚóÈøóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÊõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÊóÊóÒóÈøóÈó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÊóÍóÕúÑóãó. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÊõÑöíÏõ ÃóÎúÐó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ Ðóáößó. æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöãõÔúÊóÑöØö ÇáÊøóÃóåøõáö Íöíäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö æóÔóÑúØöåóÇ. æóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò Úóãøóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ áóÇ íóäúåóÖõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö¡ Èóáú åõæó Úóíúäõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóßóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÏøóÈøóÇÓõ æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò áóíúÓó ÈöãóÑúÖöíøò ; áöãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÑóÏøöåö ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ ÞóÈúáó ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóíøóÏó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉó ÈöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÛóÒøóÇáöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóíøóÏó ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉó Èöãóäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ äõÓúÎóÉñ ãóäúÞõæáóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ãóæú ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉñ Èöåö¡ æóÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö ÇáúãóäúÚó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ;(2/232)
áöÞóæúáö ÇáúÌóáøóÇÈö ÑóÇæöí ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäúåõ: ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóØøóÚó Úóáóíøó¡ æóÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÚöäúÏóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúÎõÑõæÌó¡ Ýóåóáú ÊóÑóì Ãóäú ÃóÓúÊóÌöíÒóåõ Ãóæú ÃóÓúÃóáóåõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó Èöåö Åöáóíøó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ Óóáúåõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó Èöåö Åöáóíúßó.
æó (ßóÐóÇ) ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ (æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö) æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö (ÈöåóÇ) ãöãøóäú íóÓõæÛõ áóåõ Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ ãõÊøóÕöáõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ßóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÇäöÚò ÂÎóÑó (æóÞöíáó) ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõãú: (áóÇ) íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö (ßóÍõßúãö) ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö) .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÕóÇáö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáËøöÞóÉö Èöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó Ýöíåö ÇáúÈóÊøóÉó. æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ãóäú äóÚúÑöÝõ Úóíúäóåõ æóÃóãóÇäóÊóåõ æóÚóÏóÇáóÊóåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóäú áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ æóÇÖöÍñ áóÇ ÔõÈúåóÉó Ýöíåö.
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æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíóÌöÈõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáÊøóÝóÍøõÕõ Úóäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚõÏõæáö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Èöåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãöËóÇáõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Þóæúáó ÇáÑøóÌõáö áóÂÎóÑó: æóßøóáúÊõßó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóßó Ãóäøóåõ ãöáúßñ áöí Ãóäú ÊóäúÙõÑó Ýöíåö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúæößóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÝóæøöÖóÉö. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ [æóãóÊóì ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöáúßñ áöáúãõæóßøöáö ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉõ] ¡ ãóÊóì ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Èöåö.
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÇáÊøóÚúãöíãõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö]
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453 - ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú ... Ëõãøó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåú
454 - æóÌóÇÒó áöáúãóæúÌõæÏö ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑöí ... æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ áöáúÅöÈúØóÇáö ãóÇáó ÝóÇÍúÐóÑö
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456 - ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ... ÞõáúÊõ: ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ ÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ
457 - Ýöí ÐóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ... ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð áößóæúäöåö ãõäúÍóÕöÑóÇ
æóÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáËøóÇáöËõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáÊøóÚøóãúíãõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ) ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Úõíøöäó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ Èöåö Ãóæú ÃõØúáöÞó¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÎóØøöåö æóáóÝúÙöåö Ãóæú ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Ãóæú áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ Ãóæú áöãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÒóãóÇäöí¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó Ãóæú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöí.
(æóÞóÏú) Êóßóáøóãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæäó ãöãøóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÃóÕúáó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö (ÝóãóÇáó) Ãóíú: ÐóåóÈó (Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãõØúáóÞðÇ) ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ Íöíäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÈúáó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö¡ ÞõíøöÏó ÈöæóÕúÝò ÍóÇÕöÑò ßóÃóåúáö ÇáúÅöÞúáöíãö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö¡ Ãóæú ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÈóáóÏó ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóäú æóÞóÝó Úóáóì ÎóØøöí¡ Ãóæú ãóäú ãóáóßó äõÓúÎóÉð ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝöí åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú áóãú íõÞóíøóÏú ßóÃóåúáö áóÇ Åöáóåó(2/235)
ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò (ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áöÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉó ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÝö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌúåõæáö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÕóì ßóÈóäöí Êóãöíãò æóÞõÑóíúÔò ÇáøóÐöí ÌóäóÍó Åöáóì ßóæúäöåö ÃóÙóåóÑó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöíäö ; ÅöÐú ßõáøõ ãóäú ÌóÇÒó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæóÞúÝõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍúÕóì æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóÌõæÒó Úóáóíúåö æóÅöäú áóãú íõÍúÕó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöáúãóÌúåõæáö æóÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö.
æóãöãøóäú ÕóÍøóÍó ÇáúæóÞúÝó ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉõ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóäú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúæóÞúÝõ ãöäúåõãú Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö. æóßóÐóÇ ÌóæøóÒó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ (æó) ãóÇáó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÌóÇÒó áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ.
(Ëõãøó) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáËøöÞóÉõ (ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö) ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Óóåúáò ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ ÌóæøóÒóåõ (ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåú) Ãóíú: ÈóÚúÏó ÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ äóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Èóáú æóÅöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøõ ; ÅöÐú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÏøõÈóíúËöíøõ Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: áóãú ÃóÑó Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó äóÝóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙó¡ æóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÃúÓðÇ¡ æóÑóÃóæúÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕó æóÇáÊøóÚúãöíãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ.
æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÊóì ÚõÏöãó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÖóÇåò áöáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáÊøóÚúíöíäö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö äóÍúæö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö ßóÇäõæÇ íóãöíáõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ æóÝöíãóÇ ßóÊóÈó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ØóÇåöÑò ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö(2/236)
ãõßóÇÊóÈóÇÊöåö ÃóÌóÇÒó áöÃóåúáö ÈõáúÏóÇäò ÚöÏøóÉò¡ ãöäúåóÇ ÈóÛúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóæóÇÓöØõ¡ æóåóãúÏóÇäõ¡ æóÃóÕúÈóåóÇäõ¡ æóÒóäúÌóÇäõ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÃóÌóÇÒó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÔøöäúÊóÌóÇäöíøõ¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÌõáøóÉö ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓö¡ áößõáøö ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÞõÑúØõÈóÉó ãöäú ØóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ ãöäúåõãú ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÊøóÇÈò¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: Åöäøó ÃóæøóáóåõãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó (ÕóÍöíÍó ãõÓúáöãò) áößõáøö ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Íóãúáóåõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöÌúÒöíøö ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: æóÅöáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõãú æóãóäú áóãú íõæÌóÏú¡ ÐóåóÈó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ãóÔóÇíöÎö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÌóÇÒó) ÇáÊøóÚúãöíãõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (áöáúãóæúÌõæÏö) Íöíäó ÕõÏõæÑöåóÇ ÎóÇÕøóÉð (ÚöäúÏó) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÇáØøóíøöÈö ØóÇåöÑò (ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö) ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÌöíÒó áöãóäú ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Íöíäó ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõÚóáøöÞó Ðóáößó ÈöÔóÑúØò Ãóæú ÌóåóÇáóÉò¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÈöáóÝúÙò ÎóÇÕøò ; ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò æóÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóãú ÚóÇãøò ; ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÈóäöí åóÇÔöãò æóÈóäöí Êóãöíãò¡ æóãöËúáõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí(2/237)
ÇáØøóíøöÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÓóæóÇÁñ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áöãóæúÌõæÏò - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöäö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö áöÐóáößó Óöæóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (( «ÈóáøöÛõæÇ Úóäøöí» )) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÞóÏú Þóæøóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó Èöåö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ¡ æóãóäóÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÑóÇÝöÚò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊõÖöÑó ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó æóÝóÇÊöí ãöäú ÓóÈúíö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýóåõæó ÍõÑøñ ãöäú ãóÇáö Çááøóåö» ¡ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöÊúÞó ÇáäøóÇÝöÐó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÖóÈúØò æóÊóÍúÏöíËò æóÚóãóáò ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóÝöíåóÇ Ðóáößó. æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÊóÚúíöíäó ÇáúãóÍóáøö æóÊóÔúÎöíÕóåõ¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÂáõåõ ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉó ÇáäøóæúÚöíøóÉó¡ Èóáú ãóÂáõåõ ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕöíøóÉõ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ íóäúÝóÐõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÚöÊúÞõ æóíóÕöÍøõ Ýöíåö æóáóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøõ: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúãõæÏò¡ ÝóãóåúãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö¡ Ãóæú ÊóåóíøóÃó ÊóÃúßöíÏõåõ ÈöãõÊóÇÈöÚò áóåõ ÓóãóÇÚðÇ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÍúÑóì. Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäõ ÓõÑõæÑò ßóãóÇ æóÌóÏóåõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ ãóäúÚõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÌö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ ÊóÑúßõåóÇ. æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ - ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ - Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúåõæáö ßõáøöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ãóæú ØóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõãú æóãóäú áóãú íõæÌóÏú.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö (áöáúÅöÈúØóÇáö) ÃóíúÖðÇ (ãóÇáó) ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: æóáóãú äóÑó æóáóãú äóÓúãóÚú Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöãøóäú íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÝóÑóæóì ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Úóäö ÇáÔøöÑúÐöãóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÃúÎóÑóÉö(2/238)
ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóæøóÛõæåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ Ýöí ÃóÕúáöåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ æóÊóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúÓóÇáö ÖóÚúÝðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõåõ¡ [æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ] (ÝóÇÍúÐóÑö) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáóåóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉð æóÚóãóáðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÕóÝó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÞóÕúÑöåö ÇáäøóÝúíó Úóáóì ÑõÄúíóÊöåö æóÓóãóÇÚöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÇÊñ ãöãøóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåöãú¡ ßóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö äóÕúÑö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö åöÈóÉõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÍúÓöäö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÇáÓøóÝóÑö áóåõ: Åöäøóåõ ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó¡ æóáößõáøö ãóäú æóÞóÚó ÈöíóÏöåö ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöí ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäøöí.
æóßóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúßóÊøóÇäöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ÃóÈóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäó ÇáúÃóßúÝóÇäöíøö ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóäóÇ ÃõÔúåöÏõßõãú Ãóäøöí ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áößõáøö ãóäú åõæó ãóæúáõæÏñ ÇáúÂäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö íóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö. æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãóÍúÝõæÙõ Èúäõ ÕóÕóÑóì ÇáÊøóÛúáöÈöíøõ.(2/239)
æóßóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÍóíúËõ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÎóíúÑõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏöÍúíóÉó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊõÝöíÏó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäöíÚõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÇÞúÊöÝóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÊóÍúÖöÑúåõ. Èóáú ÚóÒóì ÊóÌúæöíÒóåóÇ æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áöÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö¡ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóíúÑò ÇáúÃóÔúÈöíáöíøõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ Ýöí ÈóÑúäóÇãóÌöåö ÇáÔøóåöíÑö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÚóãøöÑö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö (Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) Úóäö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÔøöíÑõæöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ Èóáú ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ äóÝúÓõåõ Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎö ÞóÒúæöíäó Úóäö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÌóÇÒó áöãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓóÈúÚò æóÓöÊøöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò.
æóáóãøóÇ ÊóÑúÌóãó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ Èúäõ ÈöäúíóãóÇäó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ ÇáúÞóÒúæöíäöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎöåö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÔóíúÎñ ãóÓúÊõæÑñ ãõÚóãøöÑñ¡ ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäó ÎóãúÓò Ãóæú ÓöÊøò Íöíäó ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÒøóáúÒóáóÉõ ÈöÞóÒúæöíäó Ýöí ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÊóäóÇæóáóÊúåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáÔøöíÑõæöíøö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ÚóÔúÑò¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóäóÉó ÓöÊøöãóÇÆóÉò ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãõÎóÑøóÌóÉð ãöäú ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊö ÇáÔøöíÑóæöíøö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Èúäõ ÏöÍúíóÉó Ýöí ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡(2/240)
æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ÎóáúÞñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøö ÇáúÞöÝúØöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËó Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎö ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÇáØøóíúáóÓóÇäö ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÖóÇÁò ÇáúÌóíøóÇäöíøö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÇáØøõæÓöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÇáÕøóÚöíÏöíøö ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÝúÑóÇæöíøö ÈöãóÔúíóÎóÊöåö æóÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÇáúÚöãóÇÏö ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò ÍóíúËõ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö Úóäö ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÚóÇãøóÉð [Úóäú ÚóÇãøóÉò] ¡ æóÇáÒøóíúäõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÍóÏøóËó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáúÚõÔóÇÑöíøóÇÊö(2/241)
áóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóßøöíøö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö Úóäú ÓóÈúØö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÅöÐúäðÇ ÚóÇãøðÇ¡ æóæóáóÏõåõ Çáúæóáöíøõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøõ ÍóÏøóËó Úóäö ÇËúäóíúäö ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ãöãøóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Çáäøóæóæöíøö¡ æóåõæó - ÃóÚúäöí Çáäøóæóæöíøó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ãöãøóäú ÕóÍøóÍó ÌóæóÇÒóåóÇ Ýöí ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáÑøóæúÖóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏö ÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ÌóÇãöÚö ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ãöäú ÕõæóÑöåóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó. ÞóÇáó: æóÈöåö ÞóØóÚó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ æóÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö.
æóäóÞóáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÏúÑóßóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ßóÇäõæÇ íóãöíáõæäó Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåóÇ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóæúÖóÉö ãöäú ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÑóÌøóÍó ÌóæóÇÒóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ - Ãóíú: ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö - ÈöåóÇ ÃóáúÍóÞõ.
æóÚóãöáó ÈöåóÇ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö - Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÈóÚúÖö ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö: æóÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. æóÃóÌóÇÒóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÎóíúÑõæäó ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäõ ÑõÔúÏò ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóÃóÌóÇÒó áöãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò(2/242)
ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóÖóÇÁò ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÞõØúÈõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÞóÓúØóáóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ æóßóÊóÈó ÈöÐóáößó ÎóØøóåõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÈóÚúÖö ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö¡ æóÇáúÝóÎúÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöí ÇáúÃóÈóÑúÞõæåöíøõ¡ æóÎóáúÞñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúäöÏöíäó ßóÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö æóÒóíúäóÈó ÇÈúäóÉö ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áößóËúÑóÉö ãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÏóåõãõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÏúÑö ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò ÑóÊøóÈóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÌóãóÚóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÑõÔóíúÏö Èúäõ ÇáúÛóÒøóÇáö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÓóãøóÇåõ: (ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßõ) . ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÇáúÝóÑóÖöíøõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãöäúåõãú ÍóíúÏóÑó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÍóíúÏóÑò ÇáúÞóÒúæöíäöíøó.(2/243)
æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ãõÔöíÑðÇ áöÊóÚóÞøõÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì æóáóÇ ãóäú ÓóæøóÛóåóÇ¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó: Åöäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ãóäú ÕóÍøóÍóåóÇ ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÃóíøõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò áóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒó ÈöåóÇ ÎóáúÞñ áóÇ íõÍúÕóæúäó ßóËúÑóÉð¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Èúäõ æóÇÌöÈò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäó ãóÖóÇÁò ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ Åöáóíúåö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóäúæóÇÚöåö áöÌóãöíÚö ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ØóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ÝóÃóÓúÚóÝóåõãú ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäó ÑõÔúÏò ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó áößõáøö ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÍóãúáó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäõæÇ ãöãøóäú ÖóãøóÊúåõ æóÃóÈóÇåõ ÍóíóÇÉñ Ýöí ÚóÇãö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ áöÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÎóíúÑò.
æóÏóÚóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúãõÒóßøöí ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓó áöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÊóÇãóÊöíÊó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäúåõ ÎóáúÞñ ßóËöíÑõæäó¡ æóÓóãöÚó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ æóÇáúÈöÑúÒóÇáöíøõ æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÑøõßúäö ÇáØøóÇæõæÓöíøö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøö(2/244)
æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÇáÕøóÏúÑõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÌóÇãöÚö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÇáúÍóãóæöíøõ ÈõÚóíúÏó ÇáÓøóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó¡ æóÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÞóÑóÃó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäú ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ãóÚúãóÑö Èúäó ÇáúÝóÇÎöÑö¡ æóÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÑõÝóÞóÇÆöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÈö ãöäú ÌóÇãöÚö ÊóäøöíÓó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑöÈó¡ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáÑøóÍøóÇáõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÈöÓúßóÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÏóäöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞöíøö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö¡ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÍõ Îóáöíáñ ÇáúÃóÞúÝóåúÓöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÒóíúäóÈó ÇÈúäóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÚóÕöíÏóÉö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÎúÑö æóÒóíúäóÈó ÇÈúäóÉö ãóßøöíøò(2/245)
æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ [æóÑóæóì ÈöåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö Úóäö ÇáúãóíúÏõæãöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú Íóßóì ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ; ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÊóæóÞøóÝú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏó ÚóÇãøóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉó áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö] .
æóÓóãöÚó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøóíúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÝöíÔöíøö¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇáúãõÒúÌóÇäöíøö¡ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö¡ æóãöäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÏöíøö ÇáÏøóÇÚöíóÉö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÈóåóÇÁö ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãõÑóÇßöÔöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÎõÖóÑöíøö ÇáúÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøö ÈöåóÇ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÎúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõäóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãõ Èúäõ ÝóåúÏò ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏöíøö ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö ÈöåóÇ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäú(2/246)
ÒóíúäóÈó ÇÈúäóÉö ÇáúßóãóÇáö Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÛúÊõÝöÑó Ýöí ÇáØøóáóÈö ãóÇ áóãú íõÛúÊóÝóÑú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÞõæáõæäõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊó ÝóÞóãøöÔú ; Ãóíú: ÌóãøöÚú ãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊó ÝóÝóÊøöÔú ; Ãóíú: ÊóËóÈøóÊú ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÍõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõ ãöãøóäú Ñóæóì ÈöåóÇ: æóÝöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí äõßóÊöåö: æóÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ Èóáú äóÞóáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇÏö ÈöåóÇ Úóäú ãõÊúÞöäöí ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÎõÕõæÕò¡ ßóÃóåúáö ãöÕúÑó ; ÇÞúÊöäóÇÚðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõæÑöÏõ Ýöí ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö ÈöåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóíóÑóì åõæó æóÔóíúÎõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÊóÊóæóÇáóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóÌóÇíöÒõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÌóãöíÚõåõ ßóÐóáößó¡ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÓóäóÏò Ýöíåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ÚóÇãøóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö.
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóæúÖöíÍö ÇáäøõÎúÈóÉö áóåõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöåóÇ ÊóæóÓøõÚñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÖöíøò ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉó ÇáúãõÚóíøöäóÉó ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ ÞóæöíøðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ Ýóåöíó Ïõæäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúÓóÇáõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÒúÏóÇÏõ ÖóÚúÝðÇ¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÚúÖóáðÇ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ áöáúãõÈúØöáöíäó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÌúåõæáò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ßóÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóØöÈú äóÝúÓöí áöáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóäú áóÞöíäóÇåõ ãöãøóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÇáÊøóÚúãöíÑó¡ Ãóæú íõÏøóÚóì áóåõ¡ Ýöíåö ÊóæóÞøõÝñ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú áóåõ(2/247)
ÊóÞóÏøõãñ Ýöí Úõáõæãò ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó ÈöËóáóÇËöíäó ÝóÃóÒúíóÏó¡ æóÇÒúÏóÍóãó Úóáóíúåö ãóäú áóÇ ÊóãúíöíÒó áóåõ¡ Èóáú æóãóäú áóåõ ÔõåúÑóÉñ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÞøóÞúÊõ áóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ äóÍúæõ ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó ÝóÞóØú.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóäøó ÔóÎúÕðÇ ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÍóÌøöí ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøõ ãöãøóäú ÊõæõÝøöíó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó æóËóãóÇäöí ãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ãóæúáöÏóåõ ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ãóÚó ØóÚúäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇáúÝóÇÓöíøö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÏóÚúæóÇåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ¡ ÝóÚöäúÏöí ÈöÍóãúÏö Çááøóåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ãóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäö ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö ÈöÐóáößó.
äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÎóáúÞò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑöíäó¡ åöíó Åöáóì ÇáúÎõÕõæÕö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ¡ æóåöíó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉõ áöÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÕõæÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÎóÇäúÞóÇåö ÇáúÈöíÈóÑúÓöíøóÉö¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÃóæúÑóÏúÊõåõãú Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãöí ãóÚó ÊóãúíöíÒöåöãú Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ; áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Åöáóíúåöãú Ãóæú Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãú¡ æóÛóÇáöÈõ ÇáÙøóäøö Ãóäøó ãóäú íõÕóÍøöÍõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉó ÎóÇÕøóÉð áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (æóãóÇ íóÚõãøõ ãóÚó æóÕúÝö ÍóÕúÑö ßóÇáúÚõáóãóÇ) ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö¡ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó (íóæúãóÆöÐò) Ãóíú: íóæúãó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ÈöÇáËøóÛúÑö) ÏöãúíóÇØó Ãóæú ÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉó Ãóæú ÕóíúÏóÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ [Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó] ¡ ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú ãóáóßó äõÓúÎóÉð ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö (ÝóÅöäøóåõ) Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö (Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ) ¡ åóÐóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍú Ýöíåö(2/248)
ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍò ÝóÞóÏú Úóãöáó Èöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÃóÌóÇÒó ÑöæóÇíóÉó Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö Úóäúåõ áöãóäú ãóáóßó ãöäúåõ äõÓúÎóÉð¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö äóÕúÑö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö áöãóäú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó æóáößõáøö ãóäú æóÞóÚó ÈöíóÏöåö ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöí ÝóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäøöí¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÕúÈóÛö Èúäõ Óóåúáò ÇáúÞóÇÖöí áößõáøö ãóäú ØóáóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÈóáóÏöåö.
(ÞõáúÊõ) : (æóÚöíóÇÖñ) [ÓóÈóÞó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö] Ýó (ÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ) Ãóíú: ÃóÙõäøõ (Ýöí) ÌóæóÇÒö (ÐóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöãóäú åõæó ÇáúÂäó ãöäú ØóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÈóáóÏö ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú áöãóäú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ (ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú) Ãóíö: ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö (ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð) Ãóíú: íóÚúÊóãöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉó ÑöæóÇíóÉð æóÚóãóáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóäúÚóåõ ; Ãóíú: ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö áöÃóÍóÏò ; (áößóæúäöåö ãõäúÍóÕöÑóÇ) ãóæúÕõæÝðÇ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: áöÃóæúáóÇÏö ÝõáóÇäò Ãóæú ÅöÎúæóÉö ÝõáóÇäò - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóßóÐóÇ ÌóÒóãó Èöåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÃóæúáóÇÏö ÝõáóÇäò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÞóÚó áóäóÇ æóÞúÊó ÇáØøóáóÈö ÇÓúÊöÏúÚóÇÁóÇÊñ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁñ ãõÚóíøóäóÉñ¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ: æóáöÝõáóÇäò æóÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ: æóáöÝõáóÇäò æóÅöÎúæóÊöåö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúÚóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÏúÑóßúäóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ÝóÓóãöÚúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Ðóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöäóÇ¡ æóÃõÌúÑöíó ãóÌúÑóì ãóäú åõæó ãõÓóãøðì¡ æóÝöí äóÝúÓöí Ãóäøóåõ Ïõæäóåõ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ Þóáøó Ýöíåö ÇáúÚõãõæãõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÈö ãöäó ÇáúÎõÕõæÕö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö ; áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎõÕõæÕö ÇáúÅöÖóÇÝöíøö Ýöíåö¡ íóßõæäõ ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóíóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ(2/249)
áöÃóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ æóÃóÞóáøõ ÇäúÊöÔóÇÑðÇ ; áöÇäúÍöÕóÇÑö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÈöÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÚõãõæãö Ýöíåö.
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ Èöãóäú ÃõÌöíÒó áóåú]
458 - æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ Èöãóäú ÃõÌöíÒó áóåú ... Ãóæú ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó¡ ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÃóÒúÝóáóåú
459 - ÈóÚúÖó ÓóãóÇÚóÇÊöí ßóÐóÇ Åöäú Óóãøóì ... ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ãóæú ÔóÎúÕðÇ æóÞóÏú ÊóÓóãøóì
460 - Èöåö ÓöæóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ íóÊøóÖöÍú ... ãõÑóÇÏõåõ ãöäú ÐóÇßó Ýóåúæó áóÇ íóÕöÍú
461 - ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÓóãøóæúäó ãóÚó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ... ÝóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö
462 - æóÊóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ Åöäú Ìóãøóáóåõãú ... ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚóÏøò æóÊóÕóÝøõÍò áóåõãú
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáÑøóÇÈóÚõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáúÌóåúáõ Èöãóäú ÃõÌöíÒó áóåú) ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö (Ãóæú) Èö (ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó) Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ (ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ) ÈóÚúÖó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ãóæú (ÃóÒúÝóáóåú) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáÒøóÇíö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÝóÇÁö Ëõãøó áóÇãò ãóÝúÊõæÍóÉò æóåóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÃúäöíËö¡ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ (ÈóÚúÖó ÓóãóÇÚóÇÊöí) ¡ æó (ßóÐóÇ) ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ãöãøóÇ åõæó Ìóåúáñ ÈöÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö (Åöäú Óóãøóì) ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ (ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ãóæú) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö (ÔóÎúÕðÇ æóÞóÏú ÊóÓóãøóì Èöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÐóÇßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÎúÕö.
(ÓöæóÇåõ) ¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóÝöí ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöåö ÚöÏøóÉõ ßõÊõÈò íõÚúÑóÝõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáÓøõäóäö ; ßóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ãóæú íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøó¡ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãõÔúÊóÑößõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÈóÚúÖó ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöí¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøó ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÓøõäóäö.
(Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ) Ãóíú: áóãú (íóÊøóÖöÍú ãõÑóÇÏõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ (ãöäú ÐóÇßó) ßõáøöåö ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò (Ýóåúæó) Ãóíú: åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚõ (áóÇ íóÕöÍú) áöáúÌóåúáö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ßõáøöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö Ýöíåö¡ æóßóæúäöåö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó áöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö æóÊóãúíöíÒöåö.
æóãöãøóäú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ãóæú áöÞóæúãò¡ Ãóæú áöäóÝóÑò áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÝöíÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ(2/250)
ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÈúåóãö æóáóÇ ÊóÚúíöíäöåö.
æóÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÝóåóÐöåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ÝóÇÓöÏóÉñ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÝöíåóÇ. æóßóÐóÇ ÌóÒóãó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÒóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáÑøóæúÖóÉö ÚóÞöÈó ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÞõÈóíúáó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Ýöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏö ÞóÖóÇÆöåö. äóÚóãú¡ Åöäö ÇÊøóÖóÍó ãõÑóÇÏõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò ßóÃóäú íõÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¿ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóáúÊóÈöÓõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇÓúãöåö æóÇÓúãö ÃóÈöíåö æóäöÓúÈóÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ Ãóæú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊó áöí ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÓøõäóäö áöÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ Ãóæú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÞöíãöíäó ÈöãóÓúÌöÏö ßóÐóÇ¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÕöÍøóÉõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóíõäóÒøóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓúÆõæáö Ýöíåö ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉö ÓóÈúÞö ÐößúÑöåö.
(ÃóãøóÇ) ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ (ÇáúãõÓóãøóæúäó) ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõæäó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÏúÚóÇÁò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö (ãóÚó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö) áöÃóäúÓóÇÈöåöãú æóÔõåóÑöåöãú¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÒõæáõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóíóÊóãóíøóÒõæäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÆöÚóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó (ÝóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõ) æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö (ÇáúÌóåúáõ) ãöäó ÇáúãõÌöíÒö (ÈöÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö) ¡ æóÚóÏóãõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö Èöåöãú¡ æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúãöÚö Úóíúäó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÔúÚóÑó ãóÇ ÍóßóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ÓóÇÈöÚö ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÚóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö æóÇáúãõÓúãöÚö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ ãöãøóäú íóÌúåóáõ ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ Úóíúäóåõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì. æóãöãøóäú äóÕøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõ(2/251)
ÌóåóÇáóÊõåõ Úóíúäó ãóäú Óóãøóì áóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ.
(æóÊóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ Åöäú Ìóãøóáóåõãú) Ãóíú: ÌóãøóÚóåõãú ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ãöäú ÛóíúÑö) ÍóÕúÑò Ýöí (ÚóÏøò¡ æó) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö (ÊóÕóÝøõÍò áóåõãú) æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ; ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÞöÓúãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö áóãú íóÊóÃóËøóÑú ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ßóÐóáößó ; áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇÏøöÚóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ÙóÇåöÑñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöíåö ÃóÖúíóÞõ ; áößóæúäöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóÕöÍøóÊõåõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóæúÓóÚõ ; áößóæúäöåóÇ áöáúÍóÇÖöÑö æóáöáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú äõæÒöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ æóåöíó ãóäú áóãú íõÓóãøó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó ãóäú Óõãøöíó Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ãöãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Çáúßõáøö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó Ýöí ÐóÇßó ÔóÏöíÏñ ; áöÎóÝóÇÆöåö Úóäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö åõäóÇ Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÓóÇãöÚöåö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÔóíúÁò Ýöí Þóæöíøö æóÕúÝö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöãöËúáöåö Ýöí ÖóÚöíÝö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÕúÝö¡ [æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÙøóäøõ ÈöÇáúãõÌöíÒö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõæáóì ; áöÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú ÊóÚúíöíäöåö] ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈóÍúËõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃõæáóì ÍóãúáðÇ áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõãõæãö¡ íóÚúäöí ÍóíúËõ ÕóÍøóÍúäóÇ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉó ; ÅöÐö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÕóÇáöÍñ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú Íóãúáöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐú áóãú äóÓúÊóÝöÏú ÊóÚúíöíäó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ: ÃóÐöäúÊõ áöáúÚóÇÞöÏö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏö Ãóäú íõÒóæøöÌóäöí¡ æóáóãú ÊóÞõãú ÞóÑöíäóÉñ Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áößõáøö ÚóÇÞöÏò Ãóäú íõÒóæøöÌóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íõÝóÑøóÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ [ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö áöÊóäúßöíÑöåóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÇÞöÏö] .(2/252)
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú]
463 - æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú ... Èöãóäú íóÔóÇÄõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÌóÇÒóåú
464 - Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ æóÇáúÃõæáóì ... ÃóßúËóÑõ ÌóåúáðÇ æóÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúßõáøóÇ
465 - ãóÚðÇ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöí ... ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑõæÓò æóÞóÇáó: íóäúÌóáöí
466 - ÇáúÌóåúáõ ÅöÐú íóÔóÇÄõåóÇ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ... ÈõØúáóÇäõåóÇ ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÐóÇßó ØóÇåöÑõ
467 - ÞõáúÊõ: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉö ... ÃóÌóÇÒó ßóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÇáúãõÈúåóãóÉö
468 - æóÅöäú íóÞõáú: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó íóÑúæöí ÞóÑõÈóÇ ... æóäóÍúæóåõ ÇáúÃóÒúÏöí ãõÌöíÒðÇ ßõÊõÈóÇ
469 - ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò Åöäú íõÑöÏú ... ÝóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ ÝóÇÚúÊóãöÏú
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú) ¡ æóáóãú íõÝúÑöÏúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: æóíóÊóËóÈøóÊõ ÈöÐóíúáöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáúãõÚóáøóÞóÉõ ÈöÔóÑúØò¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏõåõ ÍóÓóäñ¡ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ æóÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉõ ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí áóÇ ÌóåóÇáóÉó ÝöíåóÇ.
Ëõãøó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó (Èöãóäú íóÔóÇÄõåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó (ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÌóÇÒóåú) ÇáÔøóíúÎõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÚóáøóÞóÉñ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ãõÈúåóãò áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú ÃõÌöíÒó áóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó.
æóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúßóæúßóÈöíøõ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö Íóíøóæóíúåö: ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóäöí ÇÈúäõßó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Ãóäú ÃõÌöíÒó áóßó åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúÑöíÎó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ áóßó æóáößõáøö ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇÑúæöåö Úóäøöí æóãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ðóáößó (Ãóæú) íóÔóÇÄõåóÇ (ÛóíúÑõåõ) Ãóíú: ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö¡ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ãõÚóíøóäðÇ) ¡ Ýóåöíó ãõÚóáøóÞóÉñ(2/253)
ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ãõÓóãøðì áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÝõáóÇäñ Ãóäú ÃõÌöíÒóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ãóæú íóÞõæáõ áöÔóÎúÕò: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú ÔöÆúÊó ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÍóÏöíËöí¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóáúÍóÞó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöåóÇ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (æóÇáúÃõæáóì) Ãóíö: ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ ÇáúãõÈúåóãö (ÃóßúËóÑõ ÌóåúáðÇ) æóÇäúÊöÔóÇÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÚóáøóÞóÉñ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÕóÑõ ÚóÏóÏõåõãú¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÌóåóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóíúÑõ ãõÈúåóãðÇ¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí¡ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ÌóåúáðÇ ; áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÊóíúäö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉð ÞóØúÚðÇ.
(æóÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúßõáøóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö (ãóÚðÇ) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí (ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì) ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÎóáóÝö Èúäö ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö (ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöí) æóÇáöÏõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ãõÄóáøöÝö ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö (ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑõæÓò) ÈöÝóÊúÍö Ãóæøóáöåö æóÂÎöÑõåõ Óöíäñ ãõåúãóáóÉñ¡ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ¡ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö æóÇáúãóÌúåõæáö (æóÞóÇáóÇ) ãõÓúÊóÏöáøöíäó áöáúÌóæóÇÒö: (íóäúÌóáöí ÇáúÌóåúáõ) ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ËóÇäöí ÇáúÍóÇáö (ÅöÐú íóÔóÇÄõåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóáóãú ÃóÑó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó æóáóÇ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÒóÇåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áóåõãóÇ¡ Èóáú ßóáóÇãõåõ ãõÍúÊóãöáñ áößóæúäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö áóåõ æóÅöäú áóãú íõæóÇÝöÞú Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ Ýöíåö ÌóåóÇáóÉñ æóÊóÚúáöíÞñ ÈöÔóÑúØò.
(æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÈõØúáóÇäõåóÇ) æóÚóÏóãõ ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú (ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÐóÇßó) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö (ØóÇåöÑõ) Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ; ÅöÐú ÓóÃóáóåõ(2/254)
ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÚóáøóáó Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ áöãóÌúåõæáò¡ Ýóåõæó ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒóíúäö æóÇáúãõÈúØöáó¡ ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÔóÇíöÎó ãóÐóÇåöÈöåöãú ÈöÈóÛóÏóÇÏó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãóäóÚóåóÇ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÍóãøõáñ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúãõÊóÍóãøöáö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóáóÚóáøó ãóäú ãóäóÚó ÕöÍøóÊóåóÇ áöÊóÚóáøõÞöåóÇ ÈöÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: æóßøóáúÊõßó ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁó ÑóÃúÓõ ÇáÔøóåúÑö¡ áóãú íóÕöÍú ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóáøóÞó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ÝõáóÇäò¡ íóÚúäöí: ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÞóÏú íõÚóáøóáõ Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÈöÇáÔøóÑúØö ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ íóÝúÓóÏõ [ÈöÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö íóÝúÓóÏõ] ÈöÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÚöäúÏó Þóæúãò.
(ÞõáúÊõ) : æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú (æóÌóÏúÊõ) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó (ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó) ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò (ÃóÌóÇÒó) ÈößóíúÝöíøóÊöåö (ßóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÇáúãõÈúåóãóÉö) Ýöí ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ÝóÞóØú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÊóÈóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÃóÈöí ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ãöäú ÊóÃúÑöíÎöí ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäøöí ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÕúÈóÛö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóÇåõ ãöäøöí¡ æóÃóÐöäúÊõ áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóáöãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡(2/255)
ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áöÃóÍóÏò ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåõ Ðóáößó ÈößöÊóÇÈöíøö åóÐóÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóáúÊö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö¡ æóæóáóÏöåö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÎóÊóäöåö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÓóãóÇÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáößõáøö ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÚõãóÑõ ÝóáúíóÑúæõæåõ Úóäøöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÓúãóåõ ÐóåóÈó ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöí¡ ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóÚóáøó ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ åõæó ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÝóÑøóÞõ Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚö æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÍóÕóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÚóØúÝõ Úóáóì ãõÚóíøóäò ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÐóÇßó¡ æóåóáú íóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÈöãóÔöíÆóÉö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÐöäúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊõÌöíÒó Úóäøöí ãóäú ÔöÆúÊó¿ áóãú ÃóÑó ÝöíåóÇ äóÞúáðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÎóáóÝö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÛóÓøóÇäöíøö ãöäú áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ æóßóÇáóÇÊñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãöäú ÔõíõæÎò æóßøóáõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÐúäö áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäúåõãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÏöíøò: æóßõäúÊõ ãöãøóäú ßõÊöÈó Åöáóíøó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ãõæóßøöáöåö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËò æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò(2/256)
(603) åÜ¡ ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÍóßóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÚóÇÕóÑóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: æóßøöáú Úóäøöí. æóíóßõæäõ ãõÌóÇÒðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÐúäö¡ æóíóäúÚóÒöáõ ÇáúãóÃúÐõæäõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáúÂÐöäö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóÇáúæóßöíáö¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊõÌöíÒó Úóäøöí ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö äóÙöíÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Ýöí ÞöÓúãö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö áöäóÝúÓö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
(æóÅöäú íóÞõáú: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó) ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäøöí (íóÑúæöí) [ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ] ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö (ÞóÑõÈóÇ) ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö. æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ ÚöäúÏó ãõÌöíÒöåö¡ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ßõáøö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉò ÊóÝúæöíÖõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÔöíÆóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÊóÕúÑöíÍðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞõ¡ æóÍößóÇíóÉð áöáúÍóÇáö áóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÔóÑúØðÇ áóÝúÙöíøðÇ Ýóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ ÍõÕõæáõåõ ÈöÍõÕõæáöåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÐößúÑõåõ æóÚóÏóãõ ÐößúÑöåö ÓóæóÇÁð Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö.
æóÇÓúÊóÙúåóÑó áöáúÃóæúáóæöíøóÉö ÈöÊóÌúæöíÒö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÚö ; Ãóíú: æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóæúÖóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÈöÚúÊõßó åóÐóÇ ÈößóÐóÇ Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóÈöáúÊõ.
æóäõæÒöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÈúÊóÇÚó ãõÚóíøóäñ¡ æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒó áóåõ åõäóÇ ãõÈúåóãñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÊóÚóÞøóÈóåõ ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÚö áöáúÅöíÌóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÝóÑøõÚñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöíó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÞóÈöáó¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó áóãú íóÞúÈóáú ;(2/257)
áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÈóíúÚö Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó¡ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÈúáó ãóÔöíÆóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ãóÔöíÆóÊöåóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÌóÇÒðÇ.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì ÊóÚúáöíÞò æóÌóåúáò¡ æóÐóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. äóÚóãú¡ äóÙöíÑõ ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö: æóßøóáúÊõ ãóäú ÔóÇÁó¡ Ãóæú ÃóæúÕóíúÊõ áöãóäú ÔóÇÁó æóÃóãúËóÇáõåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóáó Ýöí ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáöåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõåõ ÛóíúÑõåóÇ ÝóáóÃóäú íóÈúØóáó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö Ãóæúáóì.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóäóÍúæóåõ) Ãóíú: äóÍúæó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö (ÇáúÃóÒúÏöí) ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ãõÌöíÒðÇ ßõÊõÈðÇ) ÈöÎóØøöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó Ðóáößó áöÌóãöíÚö ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ Úóäøöí (ÃóãøóÇ) áóæú ÞóÇáó: (ÃóÌóÒúÊõ) áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó¡ Ãóæú ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝöåúÑöÓóÊöí Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ (áöÝõáóÇäò) ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö (Åöäú íõÑöÏú) ¡ Ãóæú íõÍöÈøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ åõæó äóÙöíÑõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÚö ÓóæóÇÁñ Ãóæú íõÔóÇÈöåõåóÇ (ÝóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóì) ÝöíåóÇ (ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ) ÅöÐú ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÝóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉõ æóÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÕöíÛóÊöåö (ÝóÇÚúÊóãöÏú) Ðóáößó.
æóÅöäú Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö ÇáúãóäúÚó ÝöíåóÇ Úóäú Þóæúãò ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÍóãøõáñ¡ ÝóíõÚúÊóÈóÑõ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúíöíäõ ÇáúãõÊóÍóãøöáö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÌúÏóÑõ ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö¡ æóÇáúÃóæúáóì ÈöäóÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö æóÍöÝúÙöåö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÑóÇÌóÚúÊõßö Åöäú(2/258)
ÔöÆúÊö¡ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáÑøóÌúÚóÉõ¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò Åöäú íõÑöÏö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ -: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö¡ ÝóÊóÚúáöíáõåõ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉó Ýöíåö ÈöÚõãõæãöåö.
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó äóÝúíó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóäö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊöãøõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ: ÃóÐöäúÊõ áöãóäú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäøöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÈöÊóÓúæöíóÉö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Èóíúäó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö.
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áöãóÚúÏõæãò]
470 - æóÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áöãóÚúÏõæãò ÊóÈóÚú ... ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò ãóÚú
471 - ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö æóäóÓúáöåö æóÚóÞöÈöåú ... ÍóíúËõ ÃóÊóæúÇ Ãóæú ÎóÕøóÕó ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãó Èöåú
472 - æóåúæó Ãóæúåóì¡ æóÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúÃóæøóáóÇ ... ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóåúæó ãóËøóáóÇ
473 - ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö¡ áóßöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÑóÏú ... ßöáóíúåöãóÇ æóåúæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏú
474 - ßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò æóÌóÇÒó ãõØúáóÞóÇ ... ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóÇ
475 - ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑõæÓò ãóÚó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö ... æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÇáúÍõßúãó Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö
476 - Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÝö Ãóíú Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ãóäú ÊóÈöÚóÇ ... ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉò æóãóÇáößðÇ ãóÚóÇ
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáúÅöÐúäõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ (áöãóÚúÏõæãò) ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö¡ ÅöãøóÇ áöãóÚúÏõæãò (ÊóÈóÚú) áöãóæúÌõæÏò ÚõØöÝó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ÃõÏúÑöÌó Ýöíåö (ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ) ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó Ãóæú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöí (áöÝõáóÇäò) ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö (ãóÚú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö æóäóÓúáöåö æóÚóÞöÈöåú ÍóíúËõ ÃóÊóæúÇ) Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö æóÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó¡ æóáöãóäú íõæáóÏõ áóßó¡ æóáöØóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÈóáóÏö ßóÐóÇ ãóÊóì ßóÇäõæÇ¡ [ (Ãóæú) ÛóíúÑó ÊóÈóÚò ÈöÃóäú] (ÎóÕøóÕó) ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ (ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãó Èöåú) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö¡ æóáóãú íóÚúØöÝúåõ Úóáóì ãóæúÌõæÏò ÓóÇÈöÞò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöãóäú íõæáóÏõ áöÝõáóÇäò ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö¡(2/259)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (æóåúæó Ãóæúåóì) æóÃóÖúÚóÝõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÐóÇßó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö (æó) áöÐóÇ (ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúÃóæøóáóÇ) ÎóÇÕøóÉð (ÇÈúäõ) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáÔøóåöíÑõ (ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó) ÇáÓøöÌöÓúÊóÇäöíøö¡ æóåúæó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó æóáöÃóæúáóÇÏößó æóáöÍóÈóáö ÇáúÍóÈóáóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöíäó áóãú íõæáóÏõæÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóæúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈóáóÛóäöí Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÓöæóÇåõ Ýöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÉñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö æóÊóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇááøóÝúÙö.
ÞõáúÊõ: áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÚóÒóì ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáóåóÇ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö ÌóæóÇÒóåóÇ áöÞóæúãò (æóåúæó ãóËøóáóÇ) Ãóíú: ÔóÈøóåó (ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö) Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÍóíúËõ ÕóÍøó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúØõæÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóæúÌõæÏò ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Èöåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö äóÝúÓöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí æóÕöíøóÊöåö ÇáúãõßúÊóÊóÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøö ÃóæúÕóì ÝöíåóÇ ÃóæúÕöíóÇÁó Úóáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó¡ æóãóäú íõÍúÏöËõåõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßó Ãóäú íõÛúÊóÝóÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÈóÚö æóÇáÖøöãúäö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÛúÊóÝóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ ßóÚóáóì ãóäú ÓóíõæáóÏõ áöÝõáóÇäò¡ ÝóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æó (áóßöäøó) ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó (ÃóÈóÇ ÇáØøóíøöÈö) ØóÇåöÑðÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøó (ÑóÏøó ßöáóíúåöãóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡(2/260)
æóßóÐóÇ ãóäóÚóåõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ (æóåúæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏú) ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÛóíúÑõåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÌõãúáóÉð ÈöÇáúãõÌóÇÒö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞõÑøöÑó Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áóåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÅöÐúäñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö ; áöæõÞõæÚöåö Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉò íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãóÃúÐõæäõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÃúÐõæäö áóåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóÊøóÕöáó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÕõæóÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö Èóíúäó ÔóÎúÕóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò æóáóÇ áõÞúíò æóáóÇ ÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÚóÕúÑò¡ æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÞõæáò¡ æóÓóÇÞöØñ Úóäú ÏóÑóÌóÉö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ æóáóãú äóÑó ãóäú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò Ýóåõæó ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÞóæøóì Èöåö ÇáÑøóÏøõ¡ æó (ßóÐóÇ) ÑóÏøóåóÇ (ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑò) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö¡ æóÈóíøóäó ÈõØúáóÇäóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÅöÐúäñ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö áóÇ ãõÍóÇÏóËóÉñ¡ íóÚúäöí: ÝóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöíåö ÇáúæõÌõæÏõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÑóÏøõåõ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÅöÐúäñ (æó) áóßöäú (ÌóÇÒó) ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö (ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÚöäúÏó) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (ÇáúÎóØöíÈö) ¡ ÞöíÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøóÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇááøöÞóÇÁö¡ æóÈõÚúÏö ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö¡ æóÊóÝóÑøõÞö ÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÑö ÝóßóÐóáößó ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇááøöÞóÇÁö¡ æóÈõÚúÏö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóÊóÝóÑøõÞö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö.
æóÎóÑøóÌóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ýöíåö ÝóåõäóÇ Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÍúÑóì. æóÝöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÊóæóÞøõÝñ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóãøóäú íõÏúÑößõåõ æóáóÇ ÚóÇÕóÑóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ßóíúÝó íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÇÒó ÝõáóÇäñ áöí¡ æóãóæúáöÏõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö ÈöÒóãóÇäò ÈóÚöíÏò¡ Þöíáó: ßóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó:(2/261)
æóÞóÝó ÝõáóÇäñ Úóáóíøó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóæúÊõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝö ÞóÈúáó ãóæúáöÏöåö ÈöÒóãóÇäò ÈóÚöíÏò¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÈõÚúÏó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÒøóãóÇäóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ßóÈõÚúÏö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúæóØóäóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóÌóÇÒó ãóäú ãóÓúßóäõåõ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÞö áöãóäú íóÓúßõäõ ÈöÇáúÛóÑúÈö ÕóÍøó æóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ: ÃóÌóÇÒó áöí ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóáúÊóÞöíóÇ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áöãóäú íõæáóÏõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÇÒó áöí ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÚóÇÕóÑóÇ. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóÇäö íóáúÒóãõ Ýöí ÇáúãóßóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ÚóßúÓó¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ äóÙóÑó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÈõáõæÛõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÝöíåöãóÇ (æóÈöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãõØúáóÞðÇ (ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ (ãöäú) ÌóãóÇÚóÉò (ßóÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑõæÓò) ÇáúãóÇáößöíøö (ãóÚó) ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì Èúäö (ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö) ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÏøóÇãóÛóÇäöíøö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÞóÏöíãðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ãõÚúÙóãõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóãóáõåõãú ÈóÚúÏõ ÔóÑúÞðÇ æóÛóÑúÈðÇ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÌóÒóãó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞóÉö¡ æóÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÃóíúÖðÇ (æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÇáúÍõßúãó Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁò Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÝö Ãóíú Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉò) Ãóíú: ÑóÃóì ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúæóÞúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö ãõÚúÙóãõ (ãóäú ÊóÈöÚóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉò) ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö [æóÈöÚóÏóãöåö¡ áóßöäú ãóÚó ÇáúÎóÈóáö] (æóãóÇáößðÇ) ÑóÍöãóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ. . . . . . . . . . . . .(2/262)
(ãóÚóÇ) ¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõãõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì ; áöÃóäøó ÃóãúÑóåóÇ ÃóæúÓóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÞúÝö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÊóÕóÑøõÝñ ãóÇáöíøñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÈóÇÈóíúäö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÞúÝó íóäúÊóÞöáõ Åöáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÅöáóì ÇáËøóÇáöËö Úóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ýóåöíó Íõßúãñ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúãõÌöíÒö æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ ÍóÓóÈó ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúæóÞúÝó íóÆõæáõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö Íöíäó ÇáúÅöíÞóÇÝö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÓóáóÝó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÈõØúáóÇäö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ãöäú ãõÞóáøöÏöíåö ÇáÏøóÈøóÇÓõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÔúåóÑõåõãóÇ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ [æóáóßöäøó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏó ÅöáúÍóÇÞõ ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóØúäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Èöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóáóÞøöí ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÞöÝö. æóÝöí ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ÇáËøóÇäöí äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÌõÒúÁðÇ.
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áöÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö áöáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõ]
477 - æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áöÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö ... áöáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõ ßóÇÝöÑò Ãóæú ØöÝúáö
478 - ÛóíúÑö ãõãóíøöÒò æóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ ... ÑóÃóì ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ
479 - æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöí ßóÇÝöÑò äóÞúáðÇ Èóáóì ... ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúãöÒøöíøö ÊóÊúÑóÇ ÝõÚöáóÇ
480 - æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöí ÇáúÍóãúáö ÃóíúÖðÇ äóÞúáóÇ ... æóåúæó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö Ãóæúáóì ÝöÚúáóÇ
481 - æóáöáúÎóØöíÈö áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåú ... ÞõáúÊõ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåú
482 - ãóÚú ÃóÈóæóíúåö ÝóÃóÌóÇÒó æóáóÚóáøó ... ãóÇ ÃóÕúÝóÍó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöÐú ÝóÚóáú(2/263)
483 - æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáúÈöäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ
åóáú íõÚúáóãõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáúÅöÐúäõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ (áöÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáö) Íöíäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (áöáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõ) æóáöáúÃóÏóÇÁö (ßóÇÝöÑò) Ãóæú ÝóÇÓöÞò Ãóæú ãõÈúÊóÏöÚò Ãóæú ãóÌúäõæäò (Ãóæú ØöÝúáö ÛóíúÑö ãõãóíøöÒò) ÊóãúíöíÒðÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÚóÏó ãóÚóåõ ÓóÇãöÚðÇ (æóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áöáØøöÝúáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íõÝúÑöÏúåõ ÈöäóæúÚò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ðóíúáó ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö (ÑóÃóì) Ãóíú: ÑóÂåõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí (ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö) ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÓóÃóáóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÃóæúÓóÚõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ áöáúÛóÇÆöÈö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö (æó) ßóÐóÇ ÑóÂåõ (ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ) ¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ Úóãøóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö æóÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõ áöÐóáößó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ßóÇÝøóÉó ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ íõÌöíÒõæäó áöáúÃóØúÝóÇáö ÇáúÛõíøóÈö Úóäúåõãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõæÇ Úóäú ãóÈúáóÛö ÃóÓúäóÇäöåöãú¡ æóÍóÇáö ÊóãúíöíÒöåöãú.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ áöÐóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ ÇáúãõÌöíÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó áöáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ¡ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ ÊóÕöÍøõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö¡ Èóáú æóáöáúãóÌúäõæäö¡ íóÚúäöí áöÚóÏóãö ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÛóÇáöÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóßóÃóäøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúÇ ÇáØøöÝúáó ÃóåúáðÇ áöÊóÍóãøõáö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö áöíõÄóÏøóíó Èöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÃóåúáöíøóÊöåö ; ÍöÑúÕðÇ Úóáóì ÊóæóÓøõÚö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö Åöáóì ÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊõÕøóÊú Èöåö åóÐöåö(2/264)
ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ¡ æóÊóÞúÑöíÈöåö ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö: ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈúØóáóåóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ áöãóäú áóãú íóÓúÊóßúãöáú ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí " ãóÊóì íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáõ ".
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÒóÈúÑò: æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈöí. æóßóÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÈúØó Èöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÙóäøóÉõ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ áóÇÒóãó ãóäú ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ßóæúäö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ÚóÇáöãðÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÝóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ¡ ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöíåö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ: (æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöí) ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áö (ßóÇÝöÑò äóÞúáðÇ) ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍöåöãú ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÓóãóÇÚöåö (Èóáóì) Ãóíú: äóÚóãú (ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö (ÇáúãöÒøöíøö) ÈößóÓúÑö Çáúãöíãö äöÓúÈóÉð áöáúãöÒøóÉö ÞóÑúíóÉò ãöäú ÏöãóÔúÞó (ÊóÊúÑóÇ) Ãóíú: ãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚðÇ (ÝõÚöáóÇ) ÍóíúËõ ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÇáÕøõæÑöíøõ áöÇÈúäö ÇáÏøóíøóÇäö ÍóÇáó íóåõæÏöíøóÊöåö Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ÌóãöíÚó ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóÊóÈó ÇÓúãóåõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö¡ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ¡ Èóáú æóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõ ßõáøó Ðóáößó Ýöí " ãóÊóì íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáõ "¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ýöí ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÝóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ æóÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÚõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (áóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöí) ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ÇáúÍóãúáö) ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ äõÝöÎó Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõæÍõ Ãóãú áóãú íõäúÝóÎú¡ ÚõØöÝó Úóáóì ãóæúÌõæÏò ßóÃóÈóæóíúåö ãóËóáðÇ Ãóæú áóãú íõÚúØóÝú (ÃóíúÖðÇ äóÞúáðÇ æóåúæó) Ãóíú: ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóåõ (ãöäú) ÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö Ãóæúáóì ÝöÚúáðÇ) ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäõÝöÎó Ýöíåö(2/265)
ÇáÑøõæÍõ¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÊóÕúÍöíÍõåõãõ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó áöáúÍóãúáö¡ æóÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÒøóæúÌö áöãõØóáøóÞóÊöåö ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ; ÍóíúËõ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóåóÇ áöÃóÌúáöåö ÊóäúÒöíáðÇ áóåõ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö. (æóáöáúÎóØöíÈö) ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÃóíøóÏõ Èöåö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáäøóÞúáö Ýöí ÇáúÍóãúáö (áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåú) Ãóíú: ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúÍóãúáó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãöãøóäú íóÑóì - ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó - ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö.
(ÞõáúÊõ) : ÞóÏú (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÔõíõæÎöåö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉõ ÕóáóÇÍõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøõ ÔóíúÎõ ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ (ÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåú) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÐúäó áöáúÍóãúáö (ãóÚú) ÈöÇáÓøõßõæäö (ÃóÈóæóíúåö) ÅöÐú ÓõÆöáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóåõãóÇ æóáöÍóãúáöåöãóÇ (ÝóÃóÌóÇÒó) æóáóãú íóÓúÊóËúäö ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó íóÑóÇåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÛúÊóÝöÑõåóÇ ÊóÈóÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ æóÃóÍúÝóÙõ æóÃóÊúÞóäõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÇáúãõßúËöÑö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÃóÈöí ÇáËøóäóÇÁö ãóÍúãõæÏö Èúäö ÎóáöíÝóÉó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÎóáóÝò ÇáúãóäúÈöÌöíøö ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö ÔóíúÎö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ÈöãóÇ íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóåõ¡ Èóáú æóãóäú ÃóÈúåóãó ÇÓúãóåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áöáúãõÓóãøóíúäó Ýöíåö (æó) áóßöäú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: (áóÚóáøó) ¡ íóÚúäöí: ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøó (ãóÇ ÃóÕúÝóÍó) Ãóíú: ÊóÕóÝøóÍó ÈöãóÚúäóì äóÙóÑó (ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó) ÇáøóÊöí (ÝöíåóÇ) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãó åóáú ÝöíåóÇ Íóãúáñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ (ÅöÐú ÝóÚóáú) Ãóíú: ÍóíúËõ ÃóÌóÇÒó¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÕóÝøõÍò æóáóÇ ÚóÏøò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏõ áóÇ íõÌöíÒõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó äóÙóÑö ÇáúãóÓúÆõæáö Úóäúåõãú¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÚóáøó ÇáúãóäúÈöÌöíøó ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íóÊóÕóÝøóÍö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ æóÙóäøó Çáúßõáøó ãõÓóãøóíúäó¡ Ãóæú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóãúáó ÇÓúãõåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÝöíó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóäöíÚóíúäö.(2/266)
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò (ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáúÈöäóÇ) ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ; Ãóíú: ÈöäóÇÁõ ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóåõ (Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ¡ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ (åóáú íõÚúáóãõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ) Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ßóÇáúÅöÐúäö áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö¡ æóíóÌúÑöí Ýöíåö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ íõÚúáóãõ ßóãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÕóÍøó ÇáúÅöÐúäõ (æóåóÐóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÈöäóÇÁõ æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÍóãúáö íõÚúáóãõ (ÃóÙúåóÑõ) ¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóãöÏúåõ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóãúáó íõÚúáóãõ¡ Åöäøóåõ íõÚóÇãóáõ ãõÚóÇãóáóÉó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö: áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ¡ æóÈöåö ÌóÒóãó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÈöäóÍúæö ÕóÝúÍóÉò Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÝóÑúÞò. æóãõÍóÕøóáõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó åõäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ßóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ÈöåóÇ.
ÊóÊöãøóÉñ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóäú ßóÊóÈó ÈöåóÇãöÔö äõÓúÎóÉò äóÞúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøó¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóãúáó åõæó æóáóÏõåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ íóÚúäöí Çáúæóáöíøó ÃóÈóÇ ÒõÑúÚóÉó. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÝóãóæúáöÏõ ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó Ýöí Ðöí ÇáúÍöÌøóÉö ÓóäóÉó ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÓöÊøöíäó¡ æóæóÝóÇÉõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÓóäóÉó ÅöÍúÏóì¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóßóËó ÍóãúáðÇ ÃóÒúíóÏó ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ ÈöãóÇ ÓóíóÍúãöáõåú ÇáÔøóíúÎõ]
484 - æóÇáËøóÇãöäõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ ÈöãóÇ ÓóíóÍúãöáõåú ... ÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÃóäøóÇ äõÈúØöáõåú
485 - æóÈóÚúÖõ ÚóÕúÑöíøöí ÚöíóÇÖò ÈóÐóáóåú ... æóÇÈúäõ ãõÛöíËò áóãú íõÌöÈú ãóäú ÓóÃóáóåú
486 - æóÅöäú íóÞõáú: ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ ãóÇ ÕóÍøó áóåú ... Ãóæú ÓóíóÕöÍøõ ÝóÕóÍöíÍñ Úóãöáóåú
487 - ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÓöæóÇåõ Ãóæú ÍóÐóÝú ... íóÕöÍøõ ÌóÇÒó Çáúßõáøõ ÍóíúËõ ãóÇ ÚóÑóÝú
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáËøóÇãöäõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáúÅöÐúäõ ÈöãóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÈöãóÚúÏõæãò (ÓóíóÍúãöáõåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÊóÍóãøóáúåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÈöäóæúÚò ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö(2/267)
ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö áöíóÑúæöíóåõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú íóÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ (æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ) Èóáö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ æóÓóÈóÞóåõ Åöáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ (ÃóäøóÇ äõÈúØöáõåú) ¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÕöáõæÇ Èóíúäó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãõ Ýöíåö ãõäúÚóØöÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóæúÌõæÏò ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ãóÇ ÑóæóíúÊõåõ æóãóÇ ÓóÃóÑúæöíåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Þöíáó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö.
(æóÈóÚúÖõ ÚóÕúÑöíøöí ÚöíÇÖò) [ÞóÏú (ÈóÐóáóåú) ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ; Ãóíú: ÃóÚúØóì ãóäú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÓóÃóáóåõ] ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Ýöí ÅöáúãóÇÚöåö ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚõ áóãú ÃóÑó ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó æóÇáúÚóÕúÑöíøöíäó íóÕúäóÚõæäóåõ¡ æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÃóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö áóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ãóæú ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Íöíäó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ.
(æó) áóßöäú (ÇÈúäõ ãõÛöíËò) ÈöÖóãøö Çáúãöíãö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÂÎöÑõåõ ãõËóáøóËóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö íõæäõÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ ÞóÇÖöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÝøóÇÑö¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÝöÑõ ÇáúÍóÙøö ãöäó ÇááøõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóãöäú ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö (ÇáÊøóÓóáøöí Úóäö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöÊóÃúãöíáö ÎóíúÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö) ¡ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ - ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÊöáúãöíÐõåõ ÃóÈõæ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ ÇáØøõÈõäöíøõ ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ Ýöí ÝöåúÑöÓóÊöåö - ÝóÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó áóåõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Åöáóì ÊóÃúÑöíÎöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æó (áóãú íõÌöÈú) Ýöíåö (ãóäú ÓóÃóáóåú) ¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ¡ ÝóäóÙóÑó íõæäõÓõ Åöáóì ÇáØøõÈõäöíøö ßóÃóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÌøóÈó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáØøõÈõäöíøõ: ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ ; Ãóíú: áöáÓøóÇÆöáö: íóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ íõÚúØöíßó ãóÇ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐú¡(2/268)
åóÐóÇ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó íõæäõÓõ: åóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈöí. ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ ÈóÚúÏó ÓöíóÇÞöåö: æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÎóÈóÑó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóÃúÐóäõ áóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóíõÈöíÍõ áóåõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ åóáú íóÕöÍøõ áóåõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóãóäúÚõåõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ. ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÐóÇßó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÏóÇÆöÑóÉö ÍóÕúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÕúáöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóäúÍóÕöÑú.
áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí ÈöäóÇÄõåõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÕöÍøóÉð æóÚóÏóãðÇ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó åóáú åöíó Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ÌõãúáóÉð Ãóæú åöíó ÅöÐúäñ¿ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö áóãú íóÕöÍú ; ÅöÐú ßóíúÝó íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÎóÈóÑó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí íóäúÈóäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóãúáößúåõ ÇáúÂÐöäõ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ßóÃóäú íõæóßøóáó Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáøóÐöí íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑöíóåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÚöÊúÞöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ¡ æóØóáóÇÞö ÒóæúÌóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÒóÇÏóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÐöäó ÇáúãóÇáößõ áöÚóÇãöáöåö Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ãóÇ Óóíóãúáößõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÑõæÖö¡ Ãóæú ÃóæúÕóì ÈöãóäóÇÝöÚö Úóíúäò íóãúáößõåóÇ ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ Ýöí åóÇÊóíúäö¡ æóæóÌúåñ Ýöí ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóæú æóßøóáóåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóÔúÊóÑöíó ÈöËóãóäöåö ßóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÔúåóÑö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ËóãóÑö äóÎúáöåö ÞóÈúáó ÅöËúãóÇÑöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö¡(2/269)
Ãóæú Ýöí ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ãóÇ æóÌóÈó ãöäú ÍõÞõæÞöåö æóãóÇ ÓóíóÌöÈõ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ãóÇ ãóáóßóåõ æóãóÇ Óóíóãúáößõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö áöáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÙúåóÑõ ; áöãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí æóÕöíøóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÍúßöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò¡ æóäóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ¡ Èóáú ÃóÝúÊóì ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóßøóáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõØóÇáóÈóÉö ÈöÍõÞõæÞöåö ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÊóÌóÏøóÏõ ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÕöÍøóÉð æóÅöÈúØóÇáðÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÌøóÍó Ýöí ÌõáøöåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõäúÚóØöÝö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÕóäöíÚõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÝóÑúÖöåóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÓóÇÛó ÊóäúÙöíÑõåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúßöíáö Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáøóÐöí Óóíóãúáößõåõ ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóæúßöíáõ ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóãúáößúåõ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ Ãóæúáóì¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÕöÍøóÉö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáØøöÝúáö Ïõæäó Êóæúßöíáöåö. æóÚóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Úóáóì ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ÔóíúÎõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö áóåõ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
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[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒóÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö]
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489 - æóÑõÏøó¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ ... Úóáóíúåö ÞóÏú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÇáäøõÞøóÇÏõ
490 - ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò æóßóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõÞúÏóåú ... æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóäóÕúÑñ ÈóÚúÏóåú
491 - æóÇáóì ËóáóÇËðÇ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú ... ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóäú æóÇáóì ÈöÎóãúÓò íõÚúÊóãóÏú
492 - æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÊóÃóãøõáõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú ... ÝóÍóíúËõ ÔóíúÎõ ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÌóÇÒóåú
493 - ÈöáóÝúÙö ãóÇ ÕóÍøó áóÏóíúåö áóãú íõÎóØú ... ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö ãöäúåõ ÝóÞóØú
(æó) ÇáäøóæúÚõ (ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ) ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: (ÇáúÅöÐúäõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ (ÈöãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒóÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö) ÇáúãõÌöíÒö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ãõÌóÇÒóÇÊöí¡ Ãóæú ÑöæóÇíóÉó ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó áöí¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÃõÈöíÍó áöí ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ. æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö (ÝóÞöíáó) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÑóßóÇÊö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøõ¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóäúãóÇØöíøö: Åöäøóåõ(2/271)
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æóÞöíáó: Åöäú ÚõØöÝó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöãóÓúãõæÚò ÕóÍøó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ. ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó (æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ) ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ (ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåö) Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöãóäúÚö Çáúæóßöíáö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúßöíáö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäö Çáúãõæóßøöáö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó Ýöí ÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö áöáúãõæóßøöáö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóäúÝõÐõ ÚóÒúáõåõ áóåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð ÈöÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ¡ áóæú ÑóÌóÚó ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ ÚóäúåóÇ áóãú íóäúÝõÐú¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóæúÖõæÚó ÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÛóÑóÖö Çáúãõæóßøöáö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÍóÙøö æóÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÖóÇÚó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏó ãöäú ÅöÐúäö Çáúãõæóßøöáö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉð Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÕö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóãóæúÖõæÚõåóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóì ÈóÞóÇÁö ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöáúãóÇãö ÈöÇáúÛóÑóÖö ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÐúäõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØõ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÚóÏøõÏö ; ÝóáöÐóáößó áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÅöÐúäò ãöäó ÇáúãõÌöíÒö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáöíøóÉó ãöäú ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö ÞóÇÖöíóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøó ãõÌöíÒò ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì Ðóáößó ÂÐöäñ áöãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ Ãóäú íõÌöíÒóåõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ íóÚúäöí ÍóíúËõ æóßøóáóåõ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÊóÚóÇØöíåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æó (ÞóÏú ÌóæøóÒóåõ) Ãóíú: ãóÇ ãóÑøó (ÇáäøõÞøóÇÏõ) ¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ (ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò) ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáÓøóÝóÇÞõÓöíøõ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈöíøõ: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÞóæöíøóÉñ ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ (æóßóÐóÇ) ÌóæøóÒóåõ (ÇÈúäõ(2/273)
ÚõÞúÏóåú) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÞóÇÝò ÓóÇßöäóÉò Ëõãøó ãõåúãóáóÉò æóåóÇÁö ÊóÃúäöíËò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ áóßöäú Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÕóäöíÚõåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÝõáóÇäñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí¡ æóãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóßó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó áöí Ãóæú Þóæúáò ÞõáúÊõåõ Ãóæú ÔóíúÁò ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò¡ æóßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÇÑúæöåö Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈöí Åöäú ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊó.
(æó) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö (ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇáäøóÌøóÇÏö¡ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÊøóÃúÑöíÎö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÝóÇÑöÓò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö ÓóãóÇÚðÇ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÃóÌúÒóÇÁð íóÓöíÑóÉð ãöäú ÂÎöÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöÌóÇÒóÉð Úóäú ãõÕóäøöÝöåö¡ ßóÐóáößó ÓóãóÇÚðÇ æóÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ßóãóÇ Íóßóì ßõáøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÚóÞóÏó áóåõ ÈóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö.
æóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÝóÚó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóåõæó ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ áöí ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíóåõ Úóäøöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóãóÇÚðÇ áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ áóåõ¡ Èóáú äóÞóáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈò ÃóÌóÇÈó Èöåö ÃóÈóÇ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÈóÑóÏóÇäöíøó ÅöÐú ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó: áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö) æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËó Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎöåö(2/274)
Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö¡ åõæó ÇáúÃóÕóãøõ¡ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö¡ åõæó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ: æóÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÈøóÇáö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÈöãöÕúÑó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð - ÇäúÊóåóì.
(æó) ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇáÒøóÇåöÏõ (äóÕúÑñ) ¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ (ÈóÚúÏóåú) Ãóíú: ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ áóãú íóÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ÅöÌóÇÒóÊóíúäö¡ Èóáú (æóÇáóì) Ãóíú: ÊóÇÈóÚó (ËóáóÇËðÇ) ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò (ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉò) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò: ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ÈöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö íóÑúæöí ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóÇÈóÚó Èóíúäó ËóáóÇËò ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÇÕöÑò Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÑöÓö ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÌõÒúÁò ãöäó (ÇáúÚöáóáö) áöÃóÍúãóÏó Úóäú ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáÕøóæøóÇÝö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ßóÐóáößó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ßóÐóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: (æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ) ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÒóÇÏõæÇ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËö ÃóÌóÇíöÒó¡ ÝóÑóæóæúÇ ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚò ãõÊóæóÇáöíóÉò¡ íóÚúäöí ßóÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ãõÍóãøóÏö(2/275)
Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÚõÔóÇÑöíøö ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÑöÓö ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ ÝóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÑúæöí Ýöí ÇáúÚöáóáö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÎóíúÑõæäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ Èóáú æó (ãóäú æóÇáóì ÈöÎóãúÓò) Ñóæóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãöãøóäú (íõÚúÊóãóÏú) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúÞõØúÈõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñóæóì Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãöäú ÊóÃúÑöíÎö ãöÕúÑó áóåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÈöÎóãúÓö ÃóÌóÇíöÒó ãõÊóæóÇáöíóÉò.
æóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ Òóßöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÇáúÝóÇÕöáö ÈöÎóãúÓö ÃóÌóÇíöÒó ãõÊóæóÇáöíóÉò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÎóíúÑõæäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ; áößóæúäöåö ÚóáóÇ Ýöíåö ÈöåóÇ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ÚóãøóÇ áóæú ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáö Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ Úóäúåõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö¡ Úóäú(2/276)
ÇáúÝóÇáöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóåóÇæóäúÏöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÕóäøöÝöåö.
æóÍóÏøóËó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÞóÇåöÑö ÇáÑøõåóÇæöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáúßõÈúÑóì ÇáøóÊöí ÎóÑøóÌóåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöÃóËóÑò Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÎóíúÑõæäó ÈöÓóäóÏöåö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÃóæøóáðÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö áóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÞóÑóÃó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáÔøóíúÎóÉö¡ Úóäö ÇáÏøóÈøõæÓöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÑö¡ æóÓóäóÏóåõ ÝóÞóØú Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÞóæøóÇãò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóØöíÚöíøö¡(2/277)
ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáÔøóåúÑõÒõæÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõåúÊóÏöí¡ Úóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáËøóÇäöí ÓöÊñ ÃóÌóÇíöÒó¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ Ýöí ÝöåúÑöÓóÊöåö ÕóÍöíÍó ãõÓúáöãò áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÚõáõæøö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÝöíÝö ÇáäøóÔóÇæõÑöíøö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉð Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÍóãúÒóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÑö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö äóÇÕöÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ Úóäö ÇáúÌóæúÒóÞöíøö¡ Úóäú ãóßøöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÌóãöíÚõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏöí Ãóæúáóì ãöãøóÇ áóæú ÍóÏøóËúÊõ Èöåö Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÞóæóÇáöíÍó¡ Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÅöÐúäöåö áöáúãöÕúÑöíøöíäó ÈöÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäú ÒóíúäóÈó ÇÈúäóÉö ßöäúÏöíøò¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÇáØøõæÓöíøö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ íóÚúäöí ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ ÞóÇáó: áöãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ ãöäú ÖóÚúÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÝöí ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö äõÞúØóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÞöíøó ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ãóßøöíøò¡ æóãóßøöíøñ ãöäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóãóÏóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ãóÔóì ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÛúÑóÈó(2/278)
ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÇÈúäõ ÏöÍúíóÉó ÝóÍóÏøóËó ÈöÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒóÑúÞõæäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÌóæúÒóÞöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏö Èúäö ÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ßõáøõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÞöíøó ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÐóáößó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞö áóåõ.
(æóíóäúÈóÛöí) ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÊóÞóÑøóÑóÊö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó æõÌõæÈðÇ áöãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ßóÐóáößó (ÊóÃóãøõáõ) ßóíúÝöíøóÉö (ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú) ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑóÉö ãöäú ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö áöÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ áöãóäú íóáöíåö¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖóÇåóÇ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íóäúÏóÑöÌú ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÌöíÒöíäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó (ÝóÍóíúËõ ÔóíúÎõ ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÌóÇÒóåú) Ãóíú: ÃóÌóÇÒó ÔóíúÎóåõ (ÈöáóÝúÙö) : ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ (ãóÇ ÕóÍøó áóÏóíúåö) Ãóíú: ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ÝóÞóØú (áóãú íõÎóØú) Ãóíú: áóãú íóÊóÚóÏøó ÇáÑøóÇæöí (ãóÇ) Ãóíú: [ÇáøóÐöí (ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö ãöäúåõ) Ãóíú: ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö (ÝóÞóØú) ] ¡ ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÕóÍøó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÌöíÒö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ áóãú íóØøóáöÚú Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ áóåõ¡ Ãóæö ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóíúåö æóáóßöäú áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ áóÇ ÊóÓõæÛõ áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.(2/279)
æóÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ æóÞóÇáó: íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊóÓõæÛó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÕöÍøóÉö Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÕöÍøóÉó Ðóáößó ÞóÏú æõÌöÏóÊú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóäóÙöíÑõåõ ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóáøóÞó ØóáóÇÞó ÒóæúÌóÊöåö ÈöÑõÄúíóÊöåóÇ ÇáúåöáóÇáó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞóÚõ ÈöÑõÄúíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÍóãúáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúÚóÇÁóÇÊö ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö áöãóäú ÈöåóÇ ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäú ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáÖøóãöíÑõ Ýöí " ÚöäúÏóåõãú " ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÌóÇÒö áóåõãú¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ áöáÑøóÇæöí¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóíøóÏó ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÈöãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÇáÊøóÚóÏøöí Åöáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ßóÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö áöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ØóÇåöÑò ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÌöÒú áóåõ ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó áóåõ¡ Èóáú ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ Úóäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö áöáÊøöÑúãöÐöíó Úóäúåõ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö íóäóÇáó ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ; áößóæúäö ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÍúÈõæÈöíøö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ãóÑúæó.
æóÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ãóäú ÞóíøóÏóåóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ãöäú ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöåö ÝóÞóØú¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáÊøóÞöíøõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íõÌöíÒõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÌóãöíÚö ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÓúÊõÞúÑöÆó ãöäú ÕóäöíÚöåö¡ [æóäóÞóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóíøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáäøóÖøóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäøó ÕõæÑóÉó ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö áóåõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó áöí æóãóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊõ Èöåö ãöäú(2/280)
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495 - æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÓúÊóÍúÓóäõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú ... ãöäú ÚóÇáöãò Èöåö æóãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåú
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498 - æóÇááøóÝúÙõ Åöäú ÊõÌöÒú ÈößóÊúÈò ÃóÍúÓóäõ ... Ãóæú Ïõæäó áóÝúÙò ÝóÇäúæö æóåúæó ÃóÏúæóäõ
(áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö) Ãóíú: ßóíúÝöíøóÊõåõ (æóÔóÑúØõåóÇ) Ýöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒö æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒö æóÇáäøöíøóÉö áöãóäú ßóÊóÈó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÅöíÑóÇÏóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÃóäúæóÇÚöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞöåóÇ æóÖóÇÈöØöåóÇ æóæóÒúäöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ åõäóÇßó¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ áóÝúÙõåóÇ Ýó (ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáØøóÇáöÈó¡ ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöí Ãóæú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöí¡ ãóÊóÚóÏøöíðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÈöÏõæäö ÐößúÑö áóÝúÙö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ Èöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð (ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúãõÌúãóáö) æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ:
ÇÓúãóÚú ãóÞóÇáóÉó äóÇÕöÍò ... ÌóãóÚó ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉó æóÇáúãóÞóåú
ÅöíøóÇßó ÝóÇÍúÐóÑú Ãóäú ÊóÈöíÊó ... ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö Úóáóì ËöÞóåú
æóÇáúãõÞúÊóÈöÓõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑöíøó Ýöí ãóÞóÇãóÇÊöåö¡ æóÖóÚó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇãóÉö(2/282)
ÇáØøöíÈöíøóÉö (ÞóÏú äóÞóáóåú) Ãóíú: ÊóÚóÏøöíóåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò áóåõ ÓóãøóÇåõ: ãóÂÎöÐó ÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí íõÓúÞóÇåõ ÇáúãóÇáõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÔöíóÉö æóÇáúÍóÑúËö¡ íõÞóÇáõ ãöäúåõ: ÇÓúÊóÌóÒúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÌóÇÒóäöí¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóÇßó ãóÇÁð áöÃóÑúÖößó Ãóæú ãóÇÔöíóÊößó¡ ßóÐóáößó ØóÇáöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÓúÃóáõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãó Ãóäú íõÌöíÒóåõ Úöáúãóåõ ; Ãóíú: íõÌöíÒõ Åöáóíúåö Úöáúãóåõ¡ ÝóíõÌöíÒõåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ) íóÚúäöí: áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ¡ Ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: (ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåú) ÑöæóÇíóÉó ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöí¡ íóÚúäöí ãóÊóÚóÏøöíðÇ ÈöÍóÑúÝö ÇáúÌóÑøö æóÈöÏõæäö ÅöÖúãóÇÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÓúæöíÛö æóÇáúÅöÐúäö æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåõ ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊò¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑö áöáúãõÖóÇÝö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÎúÝóì äóÙöíÑõåõ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÝöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑõ æóÇáúÍóÐúÝõ Ïõæäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ æóÃóÔúåóÑõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑõ ÝóÞóØú.
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ ÔóÑúØõ ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÓúÊóÍúÓóäõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ãöäú ÚóÇáöãò Èöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãõÌóÇÒö (æóãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåú) Ãóíú: æóÇáúÍóÇáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒó áóåõ (ØóÇáöÈõ Úöáúãò) Ãóíú: ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ åöíó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÑúÁõ æóáóæú ÈóáóÛó ÇáúÛóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ áöáøóåö ØóÇáöÈðÇ¡ æóíõÑúæóì Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: (( «ßõáøõ ÚóÇáöãò ÛóÑúËóÇäõ Åöáóì Úöáúãò» )) Ãóíú: ÌóÇÆöÚñ¡(2/283)
æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: (( «ÃóÑúÈóÚñ áóÇ íóÔúÈóÚúäó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚò¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ãöäúåóÇ: æóÚóÇáöãñ ãöäú Úöáúãò» )) ¡ {æóÞõáú ÑóÈøö ÒöÏúäöí ÚöáúãðÇ} [Øå: 114] ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÊóæóÓøõÚñ æóÊóÑúÎöíÕñ íóÊóÃóåøóáõ áóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö áöãóÓöíÓö ÍóÇÌóÊöåöãú ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåóáö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóæú ÎõÕõæÕõ ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÞõíøöÏó Ýöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉõ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¿ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ (æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ) Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ (ÐóÇ ÐóßóÑú) Ãóíú: äóÞóáó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáúæöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö) (Úóäú) ÅöãóÇãöåö (ãóÇáößò) ¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóäóÓò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ [Úöáúãó ÇáúãõÌöíÒö æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö] (ÔóÑúØðÇ) ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: æóáöãóÇáößò ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ íõÌöíÒõ¡ ËöÞóÉð Ýöí Ïöíäöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ Èöåö ãõÚóÇÑöÖðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö ÍóÊøóì ßóÃóäøóåõ åõæó¡ æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóæú ãõÊøóÓöãðÇ ÈöÓöãóÊöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõæÖóÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóßóÇäó íóßúÑóåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó áöãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóíóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö. æóÝöí ÃóÎúÐö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ãöäúåóÇ äóÙóÑñ¡ ÅöáóÇ Ãóäøó Ãóæøóáó Þóæúáöåö: " Ãóæú ãõÊøóÓöãóÇ ÈöÓöãóÊöåö " Èöãóäú åõæó Ïõæäó ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ áöáÊøóÍúÑöíãö. (æóÚóäö) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö (ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑú) ¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö(2/284)
áóåõ (Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ÃóäøóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó (áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÇåöÑò) ÈöÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö¡ ÍóÇÐöÞò ÝöíåóÇ¡ íóÚúÑöÝõ ßóíúÝó íóÊóäóÇæóáõåóÇ (æó) Ýöí (ãóÇ áóÇ íõÔúßöáõ) ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ; áößóæúäöåö ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó áóãú íõÄúãóäú Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ Ãóæú íõäúÞöÕó ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÇáÑøóÌõáó æóÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÞóæúãðÇ æóÞóÚõæÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÑöåó ãóäú ßóÑöåó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó áöåóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áöáØøóÇáöÈö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí¡ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÃõÕõæáóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÝõÑõæÚðÇ ßõÊöÈóÊú ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóíóäúÙõÑõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíõÕóÍøöÍõåóÇ.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáúÈóÇÌöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÇáöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó áöáúÚóãóáö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÐóáößó æóÇáúÝóåúãö ÈöÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãú íóÍöáú áóåõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊöåö ÝóÕúáñ Ãóæú æóÌúåñ áóãú íóÚúáóãú Èöåö ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ¡ æóáóæú Úóáöãóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÈó Èöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó áóåõ ; áöíóÓúáóãó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Úõáõæøó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöåóÇ ÝóÝöí äóÞúáöåö ÈöåóÇ ÖóÚúÝñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóíøöÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö: ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö¡ æóãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåóÇ Ýóåöíó ÞóÇÕöÑóÉñ ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóäú ÑõÊúÈóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒó ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú íóÌõæÒõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóÎøóÕó ãõÊóÑóÎøöÕñ æóÌóæøóÒóåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóäú íóÌõæÒõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ¡ ÝóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÑóÇÊöÈó ÇáúãõÌöíÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáöíøó ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ Ñóæóì ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÚúäóì ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö áöÛóíúÑöåö ÅöÐúäõåõ áöÐóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö Úóäúåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãóÚúåõæÏóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáöíøó ÈöãóÇ Ñõæöíó æóÈöãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáöíøõ ÍóÇÕöáñ Ýöíãóäú ÑóÃóíúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÚóæóÇãö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇäúÍóØøó ÑóÇæò Ýöí ÇáúÝóåúãö(2/285)
Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉö - æóáóÇ ÅöÎóÇáõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ íóäúÍóØøõ Úóäú ÅöÏúÑóÇßö åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Èöåö - ÝóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõåõ ÃóåúáðÇ áöÃóäú íõÊóÍóãøóáó Úóäúåõ ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉò æóáóÇ ÓóãóÇÚò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö åõæó ØóÑöíÞõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö Ýóåõæó ãõäóÇÝò áöãóÇ ÌóæøóÒóÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ áóåõ ãöäú ÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÓóÇÈöÚö ÃóäúæóÇÚöåóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáÊøóÃóåøõáö Íöíäó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ÈöåóÇ ßóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÝöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö ÈöåóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íõÍúãóáõ Þóæúáõåõãú: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ßóÐóÇ ÈöÔóÑúØöåö¡ æóãöäúåõ ËõÈõæÊõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö.
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æóÃõÎøöÑó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö ÃóÚúáóì ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ áöÃóæøóáö äóæúÚóíúåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ¡ áóßöäú íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇäö Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉö ÇáúãõÌöíÒö áöáúãõÌóÇÒö áóåõ æóÍõÖõæÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÈóÇáóÛó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÃóäúßóÑó ãóÒöíÏóåõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: åõæó ÑóÇÌöÚñ ÅöáóíúåóÇ. Èóáö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò ßóãóÇ ãóÖóì ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó áöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò¡ ÝóÇÍúÊöíÌó áöÓóÈúÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÞõÏøöãóÊú áößóæúäöåóÇ ÊóÔúãóáõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó ÇáúßóËöíÑó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ Ãóæú áöÞöáøóÉö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö¡(2/289)
Ãóæú áöÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö Úóáóì ÝóÇÖöáò æóãóÝúÖõæáò [ÅöÐú Ãóæøóáõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö] ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ËóÇäöí äóæúÚóíö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íóäúÍóÕöÑú áöÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãõ Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞõÏøöãóÊú áößóËúÑóÉö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÚóáøóÞóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÊóÑúÌóãó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÊóÈó áöÃóãöíÑö ÇáÓøóÑöíøóÉö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: (( «áóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÃúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈúáõÛó ãóßóÇäó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ)) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÇáúãóßóÇäó ÞóÑóÃóåõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» ¡ æóÚóÒóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó Èöåö áöÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÑõæãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÞóÇáó: ÈóÚóËó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÌóÍúÔò Åöáóì äóÎúáóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: (( «ßõäú ÈöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÃúÊöíóäóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò» )) ¡ æóáóãú íóÃúãõÑúåõ ÈöÞöÊóÇáò¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóßóÊóÈó áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÚúáöãóåõ Ãóäú íóÓöíÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: (( «ÇÎúÑõÌú ÃóäúÊó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõßó ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÓöÑúÊó íóæúãóíúäö ÝóÇÝúÊóÍú ßöÊóÇÈóßó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑú Ýöíåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊõßó Èöåö ÝóÇãúÖö áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÊóßúÑöåóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó Úóáóì ÇáÐøóåóÇÈö ãóÚóßó» )) ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóÇÑó íóæúãóíúäö ÝóÊóÍó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ýöíåö: (( «Ãóäö ÇãúÖö ÍóÊøóì ÊóäúÒöáó äóÎúáóÉð ÝóÊóÃúÊöíóäóÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÞõÑóíúÔò» )) .
ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöØõæáöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÑúÓóáñ ÌóíøöÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏú Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Èóáú ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö¡ æóÇáúãõÏúÎóáö áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÇáÓøóæøóÇÑö(2/290)
Úóäú ÌõäúÏóÈö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÑóÝóÚóåõ æóåõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÌóÒóãó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Èöåö ÅöÐú ÚóáøóÞóåõ¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑóÉö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóáóåõ ÔóÇåöÏñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
(Ëõãøó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÇÊõ) Úóáóì äóæúÚóíúäö: (ÅöãøóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÑöäú ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (Ãóæú áóÇ) ¡ ÈöÃóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉð ÚóäúåóÇ (Ýó) ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ (ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÃõÐöäú) Ãóíú: ÃõÌöíÒó¡ æóåöíó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ (ÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö) ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö æóÇáÊøóÔúÎöíÕö ÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Ýöíåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóåöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóÚúáóì ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÎúÝóÖõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÚúáóì ÏóÑóÌóÇÊöåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÌóíøöÏò ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÈöÚóíúäöåö Ýóåöíó ãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉñ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãóÒöíÏõ ÖóÈúØò¡ Èóáú æóÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáÖøóÈúØö¡ æóÊóÍúÊó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÕõæóÑñ¡ ÝóÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÃóæøóáðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöÐóáößó¡ æóåöíó - ÃóÚúäöí ÇáÕøõæóÑó -(2/291)
ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö (æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ) Ãóíú: ÃóÚúØóì ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÊóÕúäöíÝðÇ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÕúáðÇ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöäú ãõÌóÇÒöåö¡ Ãóæú ÝóÑúÚðÇ ãõÞóÇÈóáðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö (ãöáúßðÇ) Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóãúáöíßö áóåõ ÈöÇáúåöÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÈóíúÚö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝöí¡ Ãóæú äóÙúãöí¡ Ãóæú ÓóãóÇÚöí¡ Ãóæú ÑöæóÇíóÊöí Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú Úóäö ÇËúäóíúäö Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÇÑúæöåö Ãóæú ÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Úóäøöí¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú áóÝúÙöåóÇ ßóÃóÌóÒúÊõßó Èöåö¡ Èóáú æóßóÐóÇ áóæú áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó ÔóíúÎöåö æóÇßúÊóÝóì Èößóæúäöåö ãõÈóíøóäðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáö.
ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑöíøõ: ØóáóÈúÊõ ãöäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Åöáóíøó ÏóÝúÊóÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: åóÐöåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÞóÏú ÕóÍøóÍúÊõåõ æóÚóÑóÝúÊõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÎõÐúåõ Úóäøöí¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞõáú ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÚúÑöÖóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõÕóÑøöÍö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Èößóæúäö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÃóÚúáóì¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóÏøóãóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóåõæó ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÐóáößó.
(Ýó) íóáöíåóÇ ãóÇ íõäóÇæöáõåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáò Ãóæú ÝóÑúÚò ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÅöÚóÇÑóÉð) Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÑóÉð æóäóÍúæóåóÇ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ÎõÐúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÑöæóÇíóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÝóÇäúÊóÓöÎúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇÈöáú Èöåö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇÈöáú Èöåö äõÓúÎóÊóßó ÇáøóÊöí ÇäúÊóÓóÎúÊóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÑõÏøóåõ Åöáóíøó. æóåóáú ÊóßúÝöí ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóì äõÓúÎóÉò ãõÚóíøóäóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ÈöÇáúÅöÚúØóÇÁö¿ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ äóÚóãú¡ æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÏúÎóáóåõ ÎöÒóÇäóÉó ßõÊõÈöåö æóÞóÇáó: ÇÑúæö ÌóãöíÚó åóÐöåö Úóäøöí ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóãóÇÚóÇÊöí ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈóÉö Úóäúåõãú¡ ßóÇäó ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ;(2/292)
áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÇáóåõ Úóáóì ÃóÚúíóÇäò ãõÓóãøóÇÉò ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóÊú ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚóÇÊöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÊóÕóÏøóÞúÊõ áóåõ Úóáóíúßó ÈöãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøõäúÏõæÞö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÈöáúÊõ. æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: Åöäøóåõ äóÈøóåó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö "¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÎó áóæú ÓóãöÚó Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò ãóÔúåõæÑò¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÔöíÑó Åöáóì äõÓúÎóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ åóÐóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáäøõÓóÎó ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúáóãö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Úõáöãó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãóÇ ßóÝóì¡ æóíóÞúÑõÈõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ áóæú ÚóáøóÞó ØóáóÇÞóåóÇ Úóáóì ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóæóÖóÚóÊúåõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ØõáøöÞóÊú¡ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÌúÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÞöÓúãðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöáóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì äóæúÚóíúäö ßóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÕõæóÑö ÇáúÚóÇÑöíóÉö ãóÇ íõæóÇÒöí ÇáÊøóãúáöíßó ÈöÃóäú íõäóÇæöáóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ ÚóÇÑöíóÉð ; áöíõÍóÏøöËó Èöåö ãöäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó íóÑõÏøóåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æó (ßóÐóÇ) ãöãøóÇ íõæóÇÒöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó ÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö (Ãóäú íóÍúÖõÑó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ÝóÑúÚñ ãõÞóÇÈóáñ Úóáóíúåö (áóåú) Ãóíú: áöáÔøóíúÎö (ÚóÑúÖðÇ) Ãóíú: áöÃóÌúáö ÚóÑúÖö ÇáÔøóíúÎö áóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú Óóãøóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó ÚóÑúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóáöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö áöÐóáößó ãöäú ÚóÑúÖö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáúãóÇÖöí Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö íõÞóíøóÏõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ: (æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ áöáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ) Ãóíú: æóÇáúÍóÇáõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÎó ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÚúØöíó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó (Ðõæ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò) æóÍöÝúÙò æóíóÞóÙóÉò (ÝóíóäúÙõÑóåú) æóíóÊóÕóÝøóÍóåõ ãõÊóÃóãøöáðÇ ; áöíóÚúáóãó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ æóÚóÏóãó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöíåö æóÇáäøóÞúÕö ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú íõÞóÇÈöáóåõ ÈöÃóÕúáö ßöÊóÇÈöåö Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.(2/293)
(Ëõãøó íõäóÇæöáó) ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÐóÇßó (ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó) ÈóÚúÏó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö (ãõÍúÖöÑóåú) ÇáØøóÇáöÈó áöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ãöäúåõ¡ æó (íóÞõæáõ) áóåõ: (åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí) ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó (ÝóÇÑúæöåö) ¡ Ãóæú ÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö Èößóæúäö ÓóäóÏöåö Èöåö ãõÈóíøóäðÇ Ýöíåö. æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó Ãóæö ÇÈúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÍõÈõáöíøõ: ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö ÈößöÊóÇÈò Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÇäúÙõÑú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó ãöäúåõ ÇÊúÑõßúåõ¡ æóãóÇ áóãú ÊóÚúÑöÝúåõ ÇãúÍõåõ.
æóÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÇáó: ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÍóÝúÕò ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÄúÊóì ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ÝóíóÊóÕóÝøóÍõåõ æóíóäúÙõÑõ Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ ÎõÐúåõ Úóäøöí.
æóãóÇáößñ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáÑøõÞúÚóÉõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÑõÞúÚóÉð æóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú äóÙóÑúÊõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí ÝóÇÑúæöåóÇ Úóäøöí.
æóÃóÍúãóÏõ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÌõÒúÆóíúäö æóÓóÃóáóåõ Ãóäú íõÌöíÒóåõ ÈöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÖóÚúåõãóÇ æóÇäúÕóÑöÝú. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÎóÐóåõãóÇ ÝóÚóÑóÖó ÈöåöãóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ æóÃóÕúáóÍó áóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÐöäó áóåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ.
æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ æóÇáÐøõåúáöíøõ æóÂÎóÑõæäó.(2/294)
(æóÞóÏö) ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãõæóÇÒóÇÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö áöáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ Ýó (ÍóßóæúÇ) ßóÇáúÍóÇßöãö æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ (Úóäú) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö (ãóÇáößò) ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ (æóäóÍúæöåö) ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóÏóäöíøöíäó ; ßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö åöÔóÇãò¡ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÚóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó Çáúãóßøöíøöíäó ; ßóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóãõÓúáöãò ÇáÒøóäúÌöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóãöäö ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó ßóÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøóíúäö¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ æóãöäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó ßóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáö ÇáäøóÇÌöíøö¡ æóãöäö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøöíäó ; ßóÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ æóÃóÔúåóÈó¡ æóãöäö ÇáÔøóÇãöíøöíäó æóÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøöíäó æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ãóÔóÇíöÎó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ ÇáúÞóæúáó (ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ÇáúãóÞúÑõæäóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ÊõÚóÇÏöáõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚóÇ) ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ áóÝúÙó ãóÇáößò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö Èõåúáõæáò ÞóÇáó: ÊóÐóÇßóÑúäóÇ ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃõæóíúÓò: ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò: ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõåóÇ¡ æóÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: ÃóÑúæöíåö Úóäúßó æóÃóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ¡ æóÐõßöÑó Úóäú ãóÇáößò ãöËúáõåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÔúÚöÑñ Úóäú ãóÇáößò æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõæóíúÓò ÈöÊóÓúæöíóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö áóÝúÙðÇ æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóßóÃóäøó ÚóÑúÖó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÚóÑúÖó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÚöäúÏó ãóÇáößò ÓöíøóÇäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó åõäóÇßó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÚóÑúÖö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö áóÝúÙðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóäú(2/295)
ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÚóÑúÖö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÇáúãóÑõæøóÐöíøö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúØóíúÊõßó ßöÊóÇÈöí æóÞõáúÊõ áóßó: ÇÑúæöåö Úóäøöí æóåõæó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí¡ ÝóãóÇ ÊõÈóÇáöí ÃóÓóãöÚúÊóåõ Ãóæú áóãú ÊóÓúãóÚúåõ¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇäöí ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈóÇ ØóÇáöÈò ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó ãõäóÇæóáóÉð¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúíóãóÇäö: ÞóÇáó áöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ßóíúÝó ÊõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäú ÔõÚóíúÈò¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÃóäóÇ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãõäóÇæóáóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Þõáú Ýöí ßõáøò: ÃóäóÇ. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáúÂÊöíóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ ÚöäúÏöí ßóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ Èóáú ÃóÚúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãöäú Ãóäøó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóäú ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ÃóæúÝóì ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ íõÔöíÑõ ÈöÐóáößó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö Úóäú ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: ßóáøóãóäöí íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõ áóåõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÞóÇÆöáñ: ÝóÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÃóÝúÞóåó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: Èóáú ÃóÎóÐóåóÇ Úóäøöí æóÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ ÚóÞöÈóåõ: æóåóÐóÇ Èóíøöäñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáËøöÞóÉó ÈößöÊóÇÈöåö ãóÚó ÅöÐúäöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÃóËúÈóÊõ ; áöãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ãöäó Çáúæóåúãö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö æóÇáúãõÓúãöÚö.
(æó) áóßöäú (ÞóÏú ÃóÈóì ÇáúãõÝúÊõæäó) ¡ ÌóãúÚõ ãõÝúÊò ; ÇÓúãõ ÝóÇÚöáò ãöäú ÃóÝúÊóì¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌõãöÚó ÌóãúÚó(2/296)
ÊóÕúÍöíÍò ÇáúÊóÞóì ÓóÇßöäóÇäö: ÇáúíóÇÁõ ÇáøóÊöí ÂÎöÑó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö¡ æóæóÇæõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ÝóÍõÐöÝóÊö ÇáúíóÇÁõ¡ Ýöí ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö (ÐóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóÇáøóÉñ ãóÍóáøó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÊóÑúÌöíÍöåóÇ¡ [ÍóíúËõ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö Èöåö] (ÇãúÊöäóÇÚðÇ) ¡ ãöäúåõãú (ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ) Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö (æó) ÓõÝúíóÇäõ (ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö) ÈöÇáúãõËóáøóËóÉö äöÓúÈóÉð áöËóæúÑò¡ ÈóØúäò ãöäú Êóãöíãò (ãóÚó) ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóÊúÈõæÚöíäó: ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó (ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö æó) ÅöãóÇãöäóÇ (ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó) Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò (ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøö) ¡ äöÓúÈóÉð áöÔóíúÈóÇäó Èúäö ËóÚúáóÈóÉó (æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö) ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (æóÛóíúÑöåöãú) ßóÇáúÈõæóíúØöíøö¡ æóÇáúãõÒóäöíøö¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóäúåõãú¡ ÍóíúËõ (ÑóÃóæúÇ) ÇáúÞóæúáó (ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó (ÃóäúÞóÕõ) ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö. æóÇáøóÐöí ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÑóæõåóÇ ÓóãóÇÚðÇ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóßõäøó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊóåó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Èöåö ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóäúÞóÕõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÞóÈúáó ÐößúÑöåö ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÇáøò ãóÍóáøó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãõäúÍóØøñ Úóäú ÏóÑóÌóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö áóÝúÙðÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð.
Ëõãøó Íóßóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÇáúÚóÒúæó áöáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: æóÚóáóíúåö ÚóåöÏúäóÇ ÃóÆöãøóÊóäóÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈõæÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö äóÐúåóÈõ¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó áöÐóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (( «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð(2/297)
ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÝóæóÚóÇåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íõÄóÏøöíóåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚõåóÇ» )) ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: « ((ÊóÓúãóÚõæäó æóíõÓúãóÚõ ãöäúßõãú» )) ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÝöíåöãóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊöåö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó ÊóäúÒöíáö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáúÞõæøóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì Ãóäøöí áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ãöäú ÕóÑöíÍö ßóáóÇãöåöãú ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö - ÇäúÊóåóì¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ.
æóãöãøóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóäúÞóÕõ ãóÇáößñ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõæóíúÓò ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ãóÇáößðÇ Úóäú ÃóÕóÍö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞöÑóÇÁóÊõßó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáöãö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ Ëõãøó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö Úóáóíúßó¡ Ëõãøó Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚó Åöáóíúßó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÝóíóÞõæáó: ÇÑúæö åóÐóÇ Úóäøöí. æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇäúÍöØóÇØó ÏóÑóÌóÊöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÊóÓúãöíóÊöåóÇ ÓóãóÇÚðÇ¡ áöíóßõæäó ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøõ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó " Ëõãøó " áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÚóØúÝö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÎóáóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÊøóÎúáöíØö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ßóæúäõåõ ÎóáóØó ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÚóÑúÖö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈöãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÚóÑúÖö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ æóÓóÇÞó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ãóÓóÇÞðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ [Ãóæú ÊõÍúãóáõ(2/298)
ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÈöÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÍõÌøöíøóÉö] ¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞõæøóÉö¡ æóåõæó Ãóæúáóì ; ÝóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈöÇáÑøõÞúÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõåóÇ ÝóíõÚóÇÑöÖõ ÈöåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ¡ Ëõãøó íóÞúÑóÄõåóÇ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ.
æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÏöÔõ Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÈöãóÇ ÍóßøóÇåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ äóÕøó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÔóÇåöÏóíúäö ãóÚó ÝóÊúÍöåö æóÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇáÕøõßõæßö áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ äóÞúÈóáõåóÇ ãóÎúÊõæãóÉð¡ æóåõãóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÑöíóÇäö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÇÊóãó ÞóÏú íõÕúäóÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö¡ æóíõÈóÏøóáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ æóÍóßóì Ýöí ÊóÈúÏöíáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÍößóÇíóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÈößóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáÑøóÌõáö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö Ýöí ÕóÍöíÝóÉò ãóÎúÊõæãóÉò ÍóÊøóì íóÚúáóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÃóæúÓóÚõ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóÈúÏöíáõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóæóåøóãò Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ æóãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö - æóÅöäú ÍõßöíóÊö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÞöáóÇÈóÉó ÇáúÌóÑúãöíøö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö ßóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Ýöí(2/299)
(ÇáúãóÏúÎóáö) ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÊóãóÓøõßðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÔóåöÏúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ} [íõæÓõÝó: 81] ÝóÞóÏú Íõßöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ Èóáú æóÚóäú ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÓóÝóÑðÇ¡ æóíóÏúÝóÚõåóÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÇÔúåóÏú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÈöåóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò¡ ÍóíúËõ Þöíáó áóåõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íóÔúåóÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö æóáóÇ íóÝúÊóÍõåóÇ¿ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó æóíõÄúÎóÐõ Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÅöÏúÑóÇÌö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒöíäó ÈöÃóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúÞöäúíóÉö Íõßöíó Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ãõÍóãøóÏò Ýöí ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áöáØøóÇáöÈö æóÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö áóåõ Èöåö - ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú Ðóáößó æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó¡ ÝóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ãóäóÚóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏó ÔóíúÆóíúäö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Ãóæú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ; Ãóíú: ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó ãöäú ÈõØúáóÇäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ; áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÍóÇÕöáóåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ.
æóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÓõÝúíóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÅöãóÇãöåö æóÕóÇÍöÈöåö(2/300)
ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ãóäóÚóÇ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó íõãúßöäõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö.
æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇÈúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö ãóÚóåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌöåö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÈöÍóÏöíËò ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: åóÐóÇ ÓóãóÇÚñ¡ æóÐóÇßó ßöÊóÇÈñ¡ íóÚúäöí: Ýóåõæó ãõÞóÏøóãñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ: «Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ßöÓúÑóì æóÞóíúÕóÑó» [ÈöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÃóÕúáö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö] .
æóáöÃóÌúáö ãóÇ äõÓöÈó áöáúÍóÇßöãö ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÚóÞöÈó ÍößóÇíóÊöåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁó: æóßóÇäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãóÍúßöíøõ Úóäúåõãú ÌóæøóÒõæÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöåóÇ¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú äóÒøóáõæåóÇ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö. æóäóÍúæõåõ ÌóãóÚó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈóíúäö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãöËúáöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö¡ æóÚóÏóãóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö áóÝúÙöíøðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Þóæúáñ ÑóÇÈöÚñ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÎóáö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ: íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑúÖö: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ æóÞõÑöÆó¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö íóÊóÏóíøóäõ Èöåö æóáóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú áóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåö ÅöÏúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãö áóåõ Ýöíãóäú íóÑóÇåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈö Èúäö ÔóÇÈõæÑò ÞóÇáó: áóÞöíÊõ ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøó æóãóÚöí ßöÊóÇÈñ ßóÊóÈúÊõåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ åóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈñ ßóÊóÈúÊõåõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝó Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝúÊõ ÃóäóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÃóíøóÇãò áóÞöíóäöí Èöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõßó ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÖúÊõåõ æóÕóÍøóÍúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÝóÃóÑúæöíåö Úóäúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÐúåóÈõ ÝóÃóÞõæáõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí(2/301)
ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔõÚóíúÈò: æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó¡ æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãóäú íóÑõÏøõ ÚóÑúÖó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö íóÑõÏøõ ÚóÑúÖó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì.
(ÞõáúÊõ) : æóáóßöäú (ÞóÏú ÍóßóæúÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ (ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú) Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÞúáö¡ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö (ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó (ÕóÍöíÍóåú ãõÚúÊóãóÏðÇ) Ãóíú: ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏöåóÇ æóÊóÕúÏöíÞöåóÇ¡ íóÚúäöí æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö. æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÚöíóÇÖò ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: æóåöíó ÑöæóÇíóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ãõÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÓóãøóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉð: æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ßóÇÝøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö (æóÅöäú Êóßõäö) ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáÓøóãóÇÚö (ãóÑúÌõæÍóåú) Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÕõæóÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÕõæÑóÊóÇäö (ÃóãøóÇ) ÇáúÃõæáóì (ÅöÐóÇ äóÇæóáó) ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ãóæö ÇáúÌõÒúÁó áöáØøóÇáöÈö ãóÚó ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö áóåõ Èöåö (æóÇÓúÊóÑóÏøóÇ) Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ (Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö) ¡ æóáóãú íõãóßøöäúåõ ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú ÃóãúÓóßóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú (ÕóÍøó) åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚõ¡ æóÊóÕöÍøõ Èöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ (æó) áóßöäøó ÇáúãõÌóÇÒó áóåõ [ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó] ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó áöÐóáößó (ÃóÏøóì ãöäú äõÓúÎóÉò ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞóÊú ãóÑúæöíøóåú) ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö Èöåö ÈöãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ËöÞóÉò ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÑóÏøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÎõåõ Åöäú ÙóÝöÑó Èöåö¡ æóÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö ÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö ãöäú ÈóÇÈò Ãóæúáóì (æó) áóßöäú (åóÐöåö) (áóíúÓóÊú áóåóÇ) ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÙúåóÑõ áóåóÇ (ãóÒöíøóåú Úóáóì) ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (ÇáøóÐöí Úóíøóäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö) ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö (ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó) Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ßóãóÇ åöíó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõ áöÍóÇÕöáö Ðóáößó ÚöíóÇÖñ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ ãóÒöíøóÉó áóåõ ÚöäúÏó(2/302)
ãóÔóÇíöÎöäóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Úóäúåõ ÈößöÊóÇÈò (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö) æóåõæó ÛóÇÆöÈñ Ãóæú ÍóÇÖöÑñ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÊóÚúíöíäõ ãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áóåõ [ÇäúÊóåóì¡ Ýóåöíó ãõÊóÞóÇÚöÏóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóì ; áöÚóÏóãö ÇÍúÊöæóÇÁö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ æóÛóíúÈóÊöåö Úóäúåõ] (áóßöäú ãóÇÒóåú) Ãóíú: ÌóÚóáó áóåõ ãóÒöíøóÉð ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉð Úóáóì Ðóáößó (Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ¡ Ãóæú ãóäú Íóßóì Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ ãöäúåõãú (ÂÎöÑðÇ æóÞöÏúãóÇ) ¡ æóÓóÈóÞó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áöÐóáößó ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäúåõ: áóßöäú ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ ÔõíõæÎõäóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÑóæúäó áöåóÐóÇ ãóÒöíøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí: ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó äóæúÚò ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ßóíúÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö Èöåö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉð íõæËóÞõ ÈöãöËúáöåóÇ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ÈöåóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ÇáúãõäóÇæöáõ¡ ÝóíóÑúæöí ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ãöäú ÝóÑúÚöåö ÈóÚúÏõ. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ; ßóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò¡ ßóÕõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóãúáöíßö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÑóÉö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ: ÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó Çáúíóæúãó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÇáÔøóíúÎó ÝóíóÞõæáó: äóÇæöáúäöí ßöÊóÇÈóßó¡ ÝóíõäóÇæöáõåõ¡ Ëõãøó íõãúÓößõåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ Ëõãøó íóäúÕóÑöÝõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ãõäóÇæóáóÉð¡ æóåóÐöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉñ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ÍóÊøóì íóÐúåóÈó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÐöäó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Úóäúåõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍúÊóãöáñ áöÇÞúÊöÑóÇäöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ Ãóæú [ÊóÌóÑøõÏöåö ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ËóÇäöí(2/303)
ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Úóáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ] .
æó (ÃóãøóÇ) ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ (ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ) Ãóíú: ÅöÐóÇ (ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áóãú íóäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÃóÍúÖóÑóåõ) Åöáóíúåö ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑúæöíøõåõ [áöíóÚúáóãó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ æóíóÊóÍóÞøóÞó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö] ¡ æó (áóßöäú) äóÇæóáóåõ áóåõ (æóÇÚúÊóãóÏú) Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö æóËõÈõæÊöåö Ýöí ãóÑúæöíøöåö (ãóäú ÃóÍúÖóÑó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóåúæó) Ãóíö: ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÇáúãõÍúÖöÑõ (ãõÚúÊóãóÏú) áöÅöÊúÞóÇäöåö æóËöÞóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú (ÕóÍøó) Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúËõæÞðÇ Èöåö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð æóÏöíäðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöíåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñóæóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÍóäúÈóáö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÞóÇáóÊú: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáñ íóÚúÑöÝõ æóíóÝúåóãõ¡ ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÝóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÑöÝó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ¡ æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíåö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¿
æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑõåõ Ãóäøóåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÍúÖöÑõ ÐóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò æóÝóåúãò áóÇ íóßúÝöí¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÃóåúáõ ãöÕúÑó íóÐúåóÈõæäó Åöáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÌöÈõäöí. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÃóÑóÇåõ Úóäóì - íóÚúäöí ÈöãóÇ äóÓóÈóåõ áöÃóåúáö ãöÕúÑó - ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÅöÌóÇÒóÊóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó åóáú ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ æóÍóãóáó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÄúÊóì ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ åóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõßó äóÑúæöíåö Úóäúßó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: äóÚóãú¡ æóãóÇ ÑóÂåõ æóáóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó äóÙóÑõåõ áóåõ¡ æóÚóÑóÝó ÕöÍøóÊóåõ æóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ æóÌóÇÁó Èöåö Åöáóíúåö ãóäú íóËöÞõ Èöåö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒó ÇáúÅöÐúäó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóäúÔõÑóåõ æóíóäúÙõÑó Ýöíåö¡ æóíõÄóíøöÏóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÊóÕóÝøóÍõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóíóäúÙõÑõ Ýöíåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ íõÍúãóáõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäó ÚõÑúæóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁóäöí ÇÈúäõ(2/304)
ÌõÑóíúÌò ÈöÕóÍöíÝóÉò ãóßúÊõæÈóÉò ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ åóÐöåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÃóÑúæöíåóÇ Úóäúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú (æóÅöáøóÇ) Ãóíú: æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ãöãøóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÎóÈóÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõæËóÞõ ÈöÎöÈúÑóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú (ÈóØóáó) ÇáúÅöÐúäõ (ÇÓúÊöíÞóÇäóÇ) ¡ æóáóãú ÊóÕöÍøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö.
äóÚóãú¡ Åöäú ÊóÈóíøóäó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞò ãõÚúÊóãóÏò ÕöÍøóÊõåõ æóËõÈõæÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÑúæöíøöåö ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ ÃóÎúÐðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÒóÇáó ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÎúÔóì ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ËöÞóÉö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÝóÑúÞö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.
(æó) ÅöãøóÇ (Åöäú íóÞõáú) Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áöáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö: (ÃóÌóÒúÊõåõ Åöäú ßóÇäóÇ ÐóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ Èöåö (ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí) ãóÚó ÈóÑóÇÁóÊöí ãöäó ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáúæóåúãö (Ýóåúæó) Ãóíö: ÇáúÞóæúáõ (ÝöÚúáñ) ÌóÇÆöÒñ (ÍóÓóäõ) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ãóÇáößñ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇÈúäó æóåúÈò ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ ÑóÌõáñ íóßúÊõÈõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ åóÐöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËößó ÃõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöåóÇ Úóäúßó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ãóÇáößñ: Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí ÝóÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ Úóäøöí¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ Ãóäøóåõ (íõÝöíÏõ ÍóíúËõ æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóÈóíøõäõ) áöÕöÍøóÉö ßóæúäöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÔøóíúÎö.
æóÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: (
Åöäú ÎóáóÊú ãöäú ÅöÐúäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóåú
) ÈöÃóäú íõäóÇæöáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö ãöáúßðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÇÑöíóÉð áöíóäúÊóÓöÎó ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÃúÊöíó Åöáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÝóíóÊóÕóÝøóÍõåõ æóíóäúÙõÑõ Ýöíåö ãóÚó ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÏúÝóÚõåõ Åöáóíúåö æóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö ßõáøöåóÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍö Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íõÕóÑøöÍõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó ÝöíåóÇ Ýó (Þöíáó) ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: (ÊóÕöÍøõ) æóÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöåóÇ ; ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö íóÌöíÁõ Åöáóì ÂÎóÑó ÈöÕóßøò Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÍóÞøò¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ÃóÊóÚúÑöÝõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóßøó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: äóÚóãú¡ åõæó Ïóíúäñ Úóáóíøó áöÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú íóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð: Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóßøö Ïóíúäñ Úóáóíøó(2/305)
áöÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú íóÌöÏõ Ýöí íóÏöåö ÕóßøðÇ íóÞúÑóÄõåõ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóßøö¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÐößúÑõ ÍóÞøò Úóáóíøó áöÝõáóÇäò¡ Ëõãøó íóÓúãóÚõåõ ÈóÚúÏõ íõäúßöÑõåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÅöÞúÑóÇÑöåö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ Ýöí ÃóÏóÇÆöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãóÇáößñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÐúäö ÇáúãõÞöÑøö ÝóÝöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì¡ æóáóÚóáøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãöãøóäú íõÌöíÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÅöÚúáóÇãö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáØøóÇáöÈó ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÑúæöíøóåõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÈóáóÏò Åöáóì ÈóáóÏò ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú åõæó åõäóÇ Ãóæúáóì áöÊóÑóÌøõÍöåö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö¡ æóÈöÇáúãõæóÇÌóåóÉö ÈöåóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: áóÇ ÊóÎúáõæ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúÚóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóÍóÕóáó ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ßõáøöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö¡ æóÈóÇáóÛó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ; áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö.
æóÞöíáó: íóÕöÍøõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö. Íõßöíó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóíõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ Èöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó æóÝóÚóáóåóÇ¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúãóáõ ÈöåóÇ æóáóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: æóáóÚóáøó Þóæúáóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí: ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ Ýöíãóäú áóãú íóÃúÐóäú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Èöåö Úóäúåõ.
(æóÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ) ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÐúäò (ÈóÇØöáóåú) ¡ áóãú äóÑó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ãóäú ÝóÚóáóåóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÚóÇÈó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÊóÌúæöíÒóåóÇ æóÅöÓóÇÛóÉó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÞõáúÊõ: ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì: ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Ïõæäó Þóæúáöåö: ÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Úóäøöí¡ áóÇ(2/306)
ãóÚúäóì áóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Úóäøöí¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÊóßóáøõÝò ÃóÎóÐó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÈöáóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò¡ Èóáú ÃóØúáóÞó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÈöåö ÍößóÇíóÉó ÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö Úóäö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ [æóåõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ßóáóÇãö ÇáÓøóíúÝö ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö ; ÍóíúËõ ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáúÅöÐúäó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö] ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÕóäöíÚó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÚúãöíãö ÃóÍúÓóäõ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó - ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúÕõæáö - ÇáúÅöÐúäó¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúÎó áóæú ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ßöÊóÇÈò æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÓóãóÇÚöí ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò¡ ÌóÇÒó áöãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ äóÇæóáóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇÑúæöåö Úóäøöí¡ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Óöæóì ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøö æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõäóÇæöáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí íóÔõßøõ ÝöíãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÕöÍøõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÛóíúÑö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ãóÇ íõÚúÊóÞóÏõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö áöÚöáóáò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö åõæó ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÊóÍóãøóáõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó ãóäú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏó Úóáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö ÃóÏóÇÆöåö áóåóÇ¡ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉò ÊóÌõæÒõ ÅöÞóÇãóÊõåõ áóåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáËøöÞóÉö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ãóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áöáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö æóÈóíúäó ËóÇäöí ÇáäøóæúÚóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áöí ÝóÑúÞñ Þóæöíøñ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÇ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÐúäö.(2/307)
[ßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõ ãóäú Ñóæóì ÈöÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö æóÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö]
516 - æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíãóäú Ñóæóì ãóÇ äõææöáóÇ ... ÝóãóÇáößñ æóÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò ÌóÚóáóÇ
517 - ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóÇ ... íóÓõæÛõ æóåúæó áóÇÆöÞñ Èöãóäú íóÑóì
518 - ÇáúÚóÑúÖó ßóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Èóáú ÃóÌóÇÒóåú ... ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú
519 - æóÇáúãóÑúÒõÈóÇäöí æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãö ... ÃóÎúÈóÑó¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóæúãö
520 - ÊóÞúíöíÏõåõ ÈöãóÇ íõÈöíäõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÇ ... ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÊóäóÇæõáðÇ åõãóÇ ãóÚóÇ
521 - ÃóÐöäó áöí¡ ÃóØúáóÞó áöí¡ ÃóÌóÇÒóäöí ... ÓóæøóÛó áöí¡ ÃóÈóÇÍó áöí¡ äóÇæóáóäöí
522 - æóÅöäú ÃóÈóÇÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áöáúãõÌóÇÒö ... ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõ áóãú íóßúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö
523 - æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóÊóì ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõæåöãú ... ÔóÇÝóåóäöí¡ ßóÊóÈó áöí¡ ÝóãóÇ Óóáöãú
524 - æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóì ÈöÎóÈøóÑó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöí ... ÝöíåóÇ æóáóãú íóÎúáõ ãöäó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö
525 - æóáóÝúÙõ " Ãóäøó " ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöí ... æóåúæó ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ðõæ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇÈö
526 - æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú ... ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ßóÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúæöÌóÇÒóåú
527 - æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÔóÇÝóåóåú ... ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÑúÖöåö ãõÔóÇÝóåóåú
528 - æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäõæÇ áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö ãõÕúØóáóÍóÇ ... ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÝóÕóÑøóÍóÇ
529 - æóÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó " Úóäú
"
ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð æóåúíó ÞóÑöíÈóÉñ áöãóäú ... 530 - ÓóãóÇÚõåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö Ýöíåö íóÔõßú
æóÍóÑúÝõ " Úóäú " ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóãõÔúÊóÑóßú ... 531 - æóÝöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáó áöí ÝóÌóÚóáóåú
ÍöíÑöíøõåõãú áöáúÚóÑúÖö æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóåú
(ßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõ ãóäú Ñóæóì) ãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ (ÈöÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö æóÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö) ÇáúãóÇÖöíóíúäö (æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (Ýöí) ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ (ãóäú Ñóæóì ãóÇ äõææöáóÇ) ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó (ÝóãóÇáößñ) ¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóäóÓò (æóÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò) ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ (ÌóÚóáóÇ ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáÑøóÇæöí.
(ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóÇ) Ãóíú: æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ (íóÓõæÛõ æóåúæó) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞõ (áóÇÆöÞñ Èö) ãóÐúåóÈö (ãóäú íóÑóì) ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö (ÇáúÚóÑúÖó) Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö (ßó) ÚóÑúÖö (ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö) . æóãöãøóäú Íóßóì åóÐóÇ(2/308)
ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞó Úóäú ãóÇáößò ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Þõáú ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó ãöäú ËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ.
æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÓóÚõåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò.
æóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö æóÃóÔúåóÈõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí¡ æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöíãóäú Ñóæóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÈóÚúÖóåõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð æóÈóÚúÖóåõ ÊóÍúÏöíËðÇ æóÈóÚúÖóåõ ãõäóÇæóáóÉð æóÈóÚúÖóåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ßõáøöåö: ÃóäóÇ (Èóáú ÃóÌóÇÒóåú) Ãóíú: ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõãóÇ (ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ) ßóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÚóÒóÇåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóßóãóÇáößò ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõãú ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÒóÉö (Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöãõØúáóÞö (ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú) íóÚúäöí: ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉó Úóäö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÚóÇãøóÉö ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓö¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó ÝöíãóÇ íõÌóÇÒõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ.
æóÚóäú ÚöíÓóì Èúäö ãöÓúßöíäò ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÑóÃúÓõ ãóÇáò ßóÈöíÑò¡ æóÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÝöíåóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí. æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ßóíúÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ æóÊóÍúÏöíËñ¡ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáõ ÇáÓøóäóÏöíøõ æóÇÞöÚñ Èöåö ; ÅöÐú ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú äóæúÚóíö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ØóÑöíÞõ ÊóÍóãøõáò¡ æóÇáÊøóÚóÑøõÖõ áöÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúãõÊóÍóãøóáö Èöåö áóíúÓó ÈöáóÇÒöãò¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáØøõÈõäöíøõ: áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöÇáúãõÚóíøóäö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí.
æóÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö ßóÐóáößó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí äóæóÇÏöÑö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ ãõÍúÊóÌøðÇ áóåõ ÈöÃóäøó(2/309)
ãóÏúáõæáó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö áõÛóÉð: ÅöáúÞóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí Åöáóíúßó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóáúÞóÇåõ áóÝúÙðÇ Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈóÉð Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ æóÞóÏú Óóãøóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó æóÎóÇØóÈóåõãú Èöåö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãõÍóÏøöËò ÃóÍúÏóËó Åöáóíúßó ÔöÝóÇåðÇ Ãóæú ÈößöÊóÇÈò Ãóæú ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉò ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËóßó Èöåö¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÕóÇÏöÞñ Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöäõÚóáøöãóåõ ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö} [íõæÓõÝó: 21] .
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò (ÇáúãóÑúÒõÈóÇäöíøõ) ÈöÖóãò ÇáÒøóÇíö äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøò áóåõ ÇÓúãõåõ ÇáúãóÑúÒõÈóÇäõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ¡ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑò æóÑöæóÇíóÉò áöáúÃóÏóÈö æóÊóÕóÇäöíÝó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåö ÎóãúÓõæäó ãóÇ Èóíúäó áöÍóÇÝò æóãöÍúÈóÑóÉò áöãóäú íóÈöíÊõ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò 348 åÜ.
(æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãö) ÇáúÃóÕúÈöåóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÃóØúáóÞóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóÝúÙó (ÃóÎúÈóÑó) Ãóíú: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóíóÇäò¡ æóãöãøóäú ÍóßóÇåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÚóäú ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÝóÞóØú ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò¡ æóÍóßóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ãóäøó ÃóæøóáóåõãóÇ ÚöíÈó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóßóÐóÇ äóÞóáó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ëõãøó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäöåö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇÈó ËóÇäöíóåõãóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÃóÔúíóÇÁó íóÊóÓóÇåóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãöËúáõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: ÃóäóÇ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóíóÇäò. Èóáú ÃóÏúÎóáóåõ áöÐóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ëõãøó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÐúåóÈñ ÑóÂåõ åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö.(2/310)
ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÚóíúÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Èöåö ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ ; áößóæúäöåö áóãú íõÈóíøöäö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍóåõ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Ñõãöíó ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÒóÇáö¡ æóÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÖóÚõ ÇáúãöÍúÈóÑóÉó æóÞöäøöíäóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíÐö æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ íóßúÊõÈõ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÝóÈóÚúÏó ÈóíóÇäö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÏóáøöÓðÇ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏöÍúíóÉó: ÓóÎøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÌúåó ãóäú íóÚöíÈõåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÚóÇáöãõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõãú æóÅöäú ÚóÇÈõæåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÝóíõÌóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ áóåõ ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÞóÑóÃó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó ãöäú áóÝúÙö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö Úóáóì ÔóíúÎöåö: ËóäóÇ¡ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóíóÎõÕøõ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó åõæó ÈöÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåö ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóäóÇ¡ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú ÃóÐúßõÑó Ýöíåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈóÉð Ãóæú ßõÊöÈó áöí Ãóæú ÃõÐöäó áöí¡ Ýóåõæó ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ¡ Ãóæú ËóäóÇ Ýóåõæó ÓóãóÇÚñ¡ æóíõÞóæøöí ÇáúÊöÒóÇãóåõ áöÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌöåö Úóáóì Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöáúÍóÇßöãö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÑóæóÇåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö: ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóíúÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó Úóáóì ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåö ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíúËöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõäóÈøóåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ; áöÆóáóÇ íõÚúÊóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãóÚó ßóæúäöåö Èóíøóäó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö: Åöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ äóÇÏöÑðÇ ; áöÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÆöåö ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåõ Úóáóì ãõÓúáöãò ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöíåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãõæóíúÖöÚóÇÊò íóÓöíÑóÉð¡ ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕóãøö¡ æóÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ æóÚóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÐóÑó Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÇáäøõÏõæÑö¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÔúÚöÑñ Èöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóäúÞõÕõåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ; ÅöÐú åõæó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ãõÚúÙóãö ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó:(2/311)
æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íõØúáöÞó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÃóäóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÈóíóÇäò Ýóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóíúÎóäóÇ ÌóæøóÒó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó ÃóÈóÇ äóÕúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÛóÇÒöíøó ÇáúÃóÕúÈöåóÇäöíøó ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó Èúäó ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÓóæóÇÁñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö Ãóæö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóãóäú áóåõ ÃóÏúäóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò íõÑöíÏõ - Ãóíú: íóÝúåóãõ - Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ÔóíúÁñ.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: ãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ãóÇ Ýóåöãóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ãõÑóÇÏõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõ ãóËóáðÇ Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ: ÃóäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóíøöäõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóæúäóåóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÃóÛúÑóÈõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ äõÚóíúãò ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäú ãóÔóÇíöÎöåö Èóáú ÑóæóÇåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ÝöíãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¡ ÝóíóÔúÊóÏøõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓõ Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáö.
æóÝöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎö ÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó áóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÝöíãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö. Èóáú æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó ÇáúÃóÕúÈöåóÇäöíøö ãöäó ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö áóåõ: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÝöíãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÒóÇÏó ÝöíåóÇ: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÍóíøóÇäó. æóåóÐöåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ãöãøóÇ íóÊøóÖöÍõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÔúÚöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÇáöíðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ æóÈöäõÒõæáò Úóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÓóãóÇÚðÇ. æóÃóÕúÑóÍõ ãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÝöíãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö æóÃóÐöäó áöí Ýöíåö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ýöí ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ áóåõãóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóßóÃóäøó ÇáäøõßúÊóÉó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÐóáößó ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó¡(2/312)
(æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ) ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ (ÚöäúÏó) ÌõãúåõæÑö (ÇáúÞóæúãö) ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÑúÞö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí æóÇáúæóÑóÚö ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ßõáøò ãöäú ËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉöº ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Íóãúáö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇãöáö¡ æó (ÊóÞúíöíÏõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ãöäúåóÇ (ÈöãóÇ íõÈöíäõ) Ãóíú: íõæóÖøöÍõ (ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÇ) Ýöí ßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÈöáóÝúÙò áóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáó Ýöíåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÊóãóíøóÒõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ Ãóæú ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ (ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð) ¡ Ãóæú ÃóäóÇ Ãóæú ËóäóÇ (ÊóäóÇæõáðÇ) ¡ Ãóæú (åõãóÇ ãóÚóÇ) Ãóíú: ÅöÌóÇÒóÉó ãõäóÇæóáóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (ÃóÐöäó áöí) ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (ÃóØúáóÞó áöí) ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (ÃóÌóÇÒóäöí) ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (ÓóæøóÛó áöí) ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (ÃóÈóÇÍó áöí) ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ (äóÇæóáóäöí) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö: ÃóÚúØóÇäöí ÝõáóÇäñ Ãóæú ÏóÝóÚö Åöáóíøó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÔóÈöíåðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõåõ¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö Ýöí ãõÎúÊóÕóÑöåö ÞóæúáðÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ãóíúáõ ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑóÇåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáó ÝöíåóǺ Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÃóäóÇ áóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö æóáóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ; áöÈõÚúÏö ÏóáóÇáóÉö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑöº ÅöÐú ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇáúÅöÐúäõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö - ÇäúÊóåóì¡ æóáóíúÓó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÊøóÝóÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ËóÇáöËö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö.
æóãöãøóäú ßóÇäó íóÓúáõßõ ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö) : ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó áóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúæóÇÚöÙõ Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú.(2/313)
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøõ: ãöãøóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏõ Èöåö áöáÊøóÞúíöíÏö åõäóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Åöäú ÃóáúÌóÃóÊú ÖóÑõæÑóÉñ ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÊóÎúÑöíÌó ÍóÏöíËò Ýöí ÈóÇÈò æóáóãú íóÌöÏú ãóÓúáóßðÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÃóÚúäöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ ÇÓúÊóÎóÇÑó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÍóÑøóÑó ÃóáúÝóÇÙóåõ äóÍúæó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÚóÇãøóÉð¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÍúßöí áóÝúÙó ÇáúãõÌöíÒö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóíóÊóÎóáøóÕõ Úóäú ÛóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö æóÇáÊøóÔóÈøõÚö ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÚúØó¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãõÞúÊóÏöíðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ãõÝúÊóÑöíðÇ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãóÚó ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ÝóÇÚöáõåõ ãõÝúÊóÑöíðÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõßó Èöãóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊõ Ýöí ÛõäúíóÉò Úóäú ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö áóæú ÓóãöÚó áóÝúÙðÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãõÞöáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö æóÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóíóÑúæöí ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóíóÇäò æóáóÇ ÅöÝúÕóÇÍò (æóÅöäú ÃóÈóÇÍó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ (áöáúãõÌóÇÒö) áóåõ (ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõ) ËóäóÇ Ãóæú ÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö Ýöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊöåöãúº ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ áöãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒõæÇ áóåõ: Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ. æóæõÌöÏó Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ Íõßöíó Úóäú ÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ æóÌóÒóãó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö Ýöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö (áóãú íóßúÝö) Ðóáößó (Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö) ¡ æóÅöäú Úóáøóáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÚóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäú ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ËóäóÇ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ æóÚóßúÓóåõ¡ ÈöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚóÏóãó ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöíÛóÊóíúäöº áöÊóÚóÞøõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö áóåõ åõäóÇßó ãöäú äõßóÊöåö¡ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÌóíøöÏò ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö æóÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚö Èößóæúäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö íóÑóì ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ.
ÝóÑúÚñ: áóæú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÔóíúÎò ÔóíúÆðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÓóãóÇÚðÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ(2/314)
ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÓóãóÇÚðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÙóåóÑó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö Ýöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóáöáÕøóáóÇÍö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏóº ÍóíúËõ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÐóáößó¡ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÙóåóÑó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ áóåóÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóßöäö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÑóÃúíõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÅöØúáóÇÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóÇÝò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó æóÇáúãöÒøöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöãøóäú ÚóÇÕóÑóåõãóÇ ; ßóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÍöÈøö ÔóíúÎö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáÒøóíúäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÔøóíúÎóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÇäó Ãóäøó áóåõ ãöäúåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÎóÇÕøóÉð. (æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú) Ãóíú: æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ áóãú íóÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ãóÇ ãóÖóì ßóÇáúÍóÇßöãöº ÍóíúËõ (ÃóÊóì ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõæåöãú) ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ Ýöíåö ÔóíúÎõåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö ÔóÝóÇåðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉð¡ Ãóæú (ÔóÇÝóåóäöí) ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ Èöåö ÔóíúÎõåõ ÈößöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ßöÊóÇÈóÉð¡ Ãóæú ãõßóÇÊóÈóÉð¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ Ãóæú (ßóÊóÈó áöí) ¡ Ãóæú Åöáóíøó¡ æóÍóßóì ÇáÔøöÞøó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö.(2/315)
æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ Çáúãóíúãõæäö Èúäõ ÑóÇÔöÏò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáúÎóáóÏöíøõ¡ æóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúÃóÕóãøõ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóËõÑó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõåóÇ áöÐóáößó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ (ÝóãóÇ Óóáöãú) ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíåóÇãö æóØóÑóÝò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÔóÇÝóåóÉõ ÝóÊõæåöãõ ãõÔóÇÝóåóÊóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÝóÊõæåöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõæäó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåö.
æóáöÐóÇ äóÕøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ãõÚóáøöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíåóÇãö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö (æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóì ÈöÎóÈøóÑó) ÈöÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ (ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ ÝöíåóÇ) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÌóÚóáó " ÃóäóÇ " ÈöÇáúåóãúÒóÉö áöáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö (æóáóãú íóÎúáõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ (ãöäó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö) ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì ÎóÈøóÑó æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóßóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ Èóáú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÎóÈøóÑó ÃóÈúáóÛõ. æóßóÇäó áöáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó: ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö: ÃóÞõæáõ ÝöíåóÇ: ËóäóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßõäúÊõ ÍóÏøóËúÊõßó ÝóÞõáú: ËóäóÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÝóãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Þõáú: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ.(2/316)
(æóáóÝúÙõ " Ãóäøó ") ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö (ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ) ¡ Ãóæú ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÍóãóÏñ (ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ) äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøöåö ÎóØøóÇÈò¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÝöíãóÇ Íõßöíó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÍóÏøóËóåõ Ãóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÒóÉö: æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó ÏõÎõæáó " Ãóäøó " ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÃóãøóáúÊõåõ Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú áóåõ æóÌúåðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðǺ áöÃóäøó " Ãóäøó " ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉó ÃóÕúáõåóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏõ¡ æóãóÚúäóì ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÍóÏøóËóåõ¡ Ãóíú: ÈöÃóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÍóÏøóËóåõ¡ ÝóÏõÎõæáõ ÇáúÈóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ áöáÊøóÃúßöíÏö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝõÊöÍóÊú áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊö ÇÓúãðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Úóäúåõ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÃóÞúæóì ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ ÞóÇÑóäóåõ ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóíúÓó ÈöÌóíøöÏò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ Èóáú áóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚöº ÝóÞóÏú ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóÍóÞøõåõ Ãóäú íõäúßöÑó¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ íõÊóÝóåøóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöíÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÖúÚõ áõÛóÉð æóáóÇ ÚõÑúÝðÇ æóáóÇ ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðǺ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ ÈóÚöíÏñ¡ ÈóÚöíÏñ Úóäú ãóÞóÇÕöÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö ÇáúÞóæúãöíøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍöº áöÈõÚúÏöåö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÔúÚóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (æóåúæó ãóÚó) ÓóãóÇÚö (ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö) ÎóÇÕøóÉð áöÔóíúÎöåö ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ æóÑóÇÁó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ Ãóíú: ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò æóäóÍúæöåö (Ðõæ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇÈö) º ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö ÅöÔúÚóÇÑðÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÌúãóáó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ [æóÓóÇÞó ÇáÓøóäóÏó¡ Ýóåóáú íóÌõæÒõ áöÓóÇãöÚò Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ] ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßõáøðÇ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¿ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ(2/317)
íóÌõæÒõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÕøöÏúÞöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÊóÕúÑöíÍñ ÈöÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ Ìõãúáöíøñ¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö æóÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö. äóÚóãú¡ Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íõØúáóÞó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöíãóäú ÞõÑöÆó¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ãõäóÇæóáóÉð¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ÈöÇáúãõÊóÚóíøóäö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóæúÞóÚó ÊõåúãóÉð ÝóÞóÏú íõãúäóÚõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãóÚó ÇáúÞõÑúÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýóåõæó íóáúÊóÈöÓõ ÈöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏó Ýöí äóÓóÈö ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎò íóÃúÊöí ÈöáóÝúÙö: " Ãóäøó " (æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÎúÊóÇÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú) áóÝúÙó (ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇßó) ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúÛóãúÑöíøõ ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇáúãóÖúãõæãóÉõ¡ æóÇáúãöíãö ÇáÓøóÇßöäóÉö¡ äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÛóãúÑö¡ ÈóØúäò ãöäú ÛóÇÝöÞó¡ ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓöíøõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ ÇáúÃóÏöíÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ (ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÒóåú) æóÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ Èóáú Íóßóì ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð ÝöíåóÇ: ÞóÇáó. æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: " ÃóäóÇ "¡ æóÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ Úóäúåõº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö. äóÚóãú¡ ÇÕúØóáóÍó Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåóÇ ÝöíåóÇ (æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ) Ãóíú: áóÝúÙó ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ (ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ) ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÝöíãóÇ ÔóÇÝóåóåú) ÔóíúÎõåõ (ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö) Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö (ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÑúÖöåö) áóåõ ÚóÑúÖó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö (ãõÔóÇÝóåóåú) ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÚóáóíúåö ÚóåöÏúÊõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÔóÇíöÎöí æóÃóÆöãøóÉó ÚóÕúÑöí (æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäõæÇ) ßóãóÇ ÃóÔúÚóÑóåõ ÕóäöíÚõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ (áöáúÈóíúåóÞöí) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö (ãõÕúØóáóÍóÇ) ¡ æóåõæó (ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ÝóÕóÑøóÍóÇ) ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóáóãú íõØúáöÞö ÇáúÅöäúÈóÇÁóº áößóæúäöåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÑóÇÚóì Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇäúÊóÔóÑó¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: Åöäøó ÅöØúáóÇÞóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈóÚöíÏñ ãöäó ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõæÖóÚó(2/318)
ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ.
(æóÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó (ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó) ßóËöíÑðÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó (Úóäú) ÝöíãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóãøóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ (ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð) ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò (æóåöíó) Ãóíú: Úóäú (ÞóÑöíÈóÉñ áöãóäú) Ãóíú: áöÔóíúÎò (ÓóãóÇÚõåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö Ýöíåö íõÔóßú) ãóÚó ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäúåõ (æóÍóÑúÝõ Úóäú ÈóíúäóåöãóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö (ÝóãõÔúÊóÑóßú) ¡ æóÃõÏúÎöáóÊö ÇáúÝóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ÍóÏøö Þóæúáöåö: æóíõÍóÏøöËõ äóÇÓñ æóÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ ÝóíóßúÈóÑõ. æóåõæó ÑóÃúíõ ÇáúÃóÎúÝóÔö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ áóÇ ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÚõ - æóÅöäú ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÚóäúÚóäóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö áóåõ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö - ÝóÅöÚóÇÏóÊõåõ åõäóÇ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáöíóßõæäó ãõäúÖóãøðÇ áöãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõåõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö (æóÝöí) ÕóÍöíÍö (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáó áöí) ÝõáóÇäñ (ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ÍöíÑöíøõåõãú) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóåõæó ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ ÇáúÍöíÑöíøõ¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáÒøõåøóÇÏö ÇáúãõÌóÇÈöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉó¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóäú æóáóÏöåö ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ Úóäúåõ (áöáúÚóÑúÖö) Ãóíú: áöãóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÚóÑúÖö (æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóåú) ¡ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöíåö¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÃóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö Ãóæøóáö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö - Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöíÛóÉó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÃóãúÑóíúäö: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ Íõßúãõ ÇáÑøóÝúÚö¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ãóäú áóíúÓó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö åöíó ãóÑúæöíøóÉñ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö.(2/319)
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ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉõ.
(532) Ëõãøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ... ÈöÅöÐúäöåö Úóäúåõ áöÛóÇÆöÈò æóáóæú
(533) áöÍóÇÖöÑò ÝóÅöäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ãóÚóåóÇ ... ÃóÔúÈóåó ãóÇ äóÇæóáó Ãóæú ÌóÑøóÏóåóÇ
(534) ÕóÍøó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ... ÞóÇáó Èöåö ÃóíøõæÈõ ãóÚú ãóäúÕõæÑö
(535) æóÇááøóíúËõ æóÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäõ ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÒóåú ... æóÚóÏøóåõ ÃóÞúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú
(536) æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÕöÍøóÉó ÐóÇßó ãóäóÚóÇ ... æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÍóÇæöí Èöåö ÞóÏú ÞóØóÚóÇ
(537) æóíõßúÊóÝóì Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ áóåú ... ÎóØøó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇÊóÈóåõ æóÃóÈúØóáóåú
(538) Þóæúãñ áöáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö áóßöäú ÑóÏøóÇ ... áöäõÏúÑóÉö ÇááøóÈúÓö æóÍóíúËõ ÃóÏøóì
(539) ÝóÇááøóíúËõ ãóÚú ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒóÇ ... ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóæóÇÒóÇ
(540) æóÕóÍøóÍõæÇ ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóåú ... æóåúæó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíÞõ ÈöÇáäøóÒóÇåóåú
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ (ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ) ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö (ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉõ) Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóÇáÕøöíÛóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí íõÄóÏøóì ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÅöáúÍóÇÞõåóÇ ÈöÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö (Ëõãøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ) ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö Ãóæú äóÙúãöåö¡ æóíõÑúÓöáõåõ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ãóÚó ËöÞóÉò ãõÄúÊóãóäò ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÍúÑöíÑöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöËöÞóÉò ãõÚúÊóãóÏò¡ æóÔóÏøöåö æóÎóÊúãöåö ÇÍúÊöíóÇØðÇ áöíóÍúÕõáó ÇáúÃóãúäõ ãöäú Êóæóåøõãö ÊóÛúíöíÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÔóÑúØñ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ ãõÄúÊóãóäðÇ¡ Êóßõæäõ (ÈöÎóØøö ÇáÔøóíúÎö) äóÝúÓöåö æóåõæó ÃóÚóáóì (Ãóæú ÈöÅöÐúäöåö) Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö (Úóäúåõ) áöËöÞóÉò ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó áöÖóÑõæÑóÉò Ãóãú áóÇ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÓõÆöáó Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóãú áóÇ.
(áöÛóÇÆöÈò) Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏò ÂÎóÑó Ãóæú ÞóÑúíóÉò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú (æóáóæú) ßóÇäóÊú (áöÍóÇÖöÑò) ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏöåö Ïõæäó ãóÌúáöÓöåö¡ æóíóÈúÏóÃõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö: ãöäú ÝõáóÇäö Èúäö ÝõáóÇäò Åöáóì ÝõáóÇäö Èúäö ÝõáóÇäò. ÝóÅöäú ÈóÏóÃó ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÑöåóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò íóÓúÊóÍöÈøõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó(3/3)
ÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúßóÈöíÑö Ãóäú íõÞóÏøóãó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ åõæó ÝóßóÇäó íóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ÈöÇÓúãö ãóäú íõßóÇÊöÈõåõ ßóÈöíÑðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÊóæóÇÖõÚðÇ ; æóåöíó ßóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Úóáóì äóæúÚóíúäö:.
[ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö] : ÝóÅöäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöÎóØøöåö Ãóæú ÈöÅöÐúäöåö (ãóÚóåóÇ) . Ãóíö: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõåõ áóßó¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ Èöåö Åöáóíúßó. Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÇÊö¡ æóåöíó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
(ÃóÔúÈóåó) ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýöí ÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáÕøöÍóÉö ÍóíúËõ ËóÈóÊó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõßóÇÊöÈö Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó åõæó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒö¡ ÊóæóáøóÇåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÃóãóÑó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈößóÊúÈöåö Úóäúåõ¡ (ãóÇ) ÅöÐóÇ (äóÇæóáó) ãóÚó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóãóÇ ãóÔóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö æóÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö ÅöÐú Óóæøóì ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó - æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó æóßöÊóÇÈó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö Åöáóì ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö -: Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó æóíóÍúíóì Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏò æóãóÇáößðÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÑóÌøóÍó Þóæúãñ - ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ; áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÔóÇÝóåóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÑóÌøöÍðÇ ÝóÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉõ ÊóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Èößóæúäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö áöÃóÌúáö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ Ëõãøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó ÈöåóÇ ÃóäúÒóáõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ åõäóÇ.
æóíõÓúÊóÃúäóÓõ áóåõ ÈöãõäóÇÙóÑóÉò æóÞóÚóÊú Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÌõáõæÏö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÏõÈöÛóÊú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: (ÏöÈóÇÛõåóÇ ØóåõæÑõåóÇ) .
ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ: (ÝóãóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¿) ÞóÇáó: (ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú ãóíúãõæäóÉó: ( «åóáøóÇ ÇäúÊóÝóÚúÊõãú ÈöÌöáúÏöåóÇ» ¿)) íóÚúäöí(3/4)
ÇáÔøóÇÉó ÇáúãóíøöÊóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ: (ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö Úõßóíúãò: «ßóÊóÈó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÈúáó ãóæúÊöåö ÈöÔóåúÑò: (áóÇ ÊóäúÊóÝöÚõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÈöÅöåóÇÈò æóáóÇ ÚóÕóÈò» ) íõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó äóÇÓöÎðÇ áóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÈúáó ãóæúÊöåö ÈöíóÓöíÑò. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈñ æóÐóÇßó ÓóãóÇÚñ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ßöÓúÑóì æóÞóíúÕóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóíúåöãú.
ÝóÓóßóÊó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÍõÌøóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ¡ íóÚúäöí: ÝóÅöäøó ßóáóÇãóåõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö áóÇ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóßóÃóäøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó áóãú íóÞúÕöÏö ÇáÑøóÏøó áöÃóäøóåõ ãöãøóäú íóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉó ÃóäúÞóÕõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó åõäóÇßó¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóãöãøóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉó ÇáúãóÞúÑõæäóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì íóÍúíóì Èúäö íóÍúíóì: (ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ Åöáóíúßó Çááøóåó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÚóÕóãóäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÅöíøóÇßó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÂÝóÇÊö¡ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóßó ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊó Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõÈó Åöáóíúßó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈóåóÇ ÇÈúäöí ÅöãúáóÇÁð ãöäøöí áóåóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ýóåöíó ÍóÏöíËñ ãöäøöí áóßó Úóãøóäú ÓóãøóíúÊõ áóßó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÇÑúæöåóÇ æóÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ Úóäøöí¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝúÊõ Ãóäøóßó åóæöíÊó Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÇäó(3/5)
íóßúÝöíßó Ãóäú ÊóÓúãóÚó ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäøöí¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÊóØóáøóÚõ Åöáóì ãóÇ åóæöíÊó¡ ÝóÈóÇÑóßó Çááøóåõ áóäóÇ æóáóßó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóÌóÚóáóäóÇ ãöãøóäú íóåúæóì ØóÇÚóÊóåõ æóÑöÖúæóÇäóåõ¡ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßó) .
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃõæóíúÓò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÎóÇáöí ãóÇáößó Èúäó ÃóäóÓò íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó áöí íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÎõÑõæÌó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö: ÇáúÊóÞöØú áöí ãöÇÆóÉó ÍóÏöíËò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑúæöíóåóÇ Úóäúßó. ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõåóÇ Ëõãøó ÈóÚóËúÊõåóÇ Åöáóíúåö.
Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÝöíÓö ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Úóäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÃóáúÍóÞó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ãöäó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßöÊóÇÈò ãõÚóíøóäò Ãóæú ÍóÏöíËò ÎóÇÕøò¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÊóÈó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö Èõåúáõæáò ÇáÊøóäõæÎöíøö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈößöÊóÇÈö (ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóÈöÜ (ÇáúÚöáóáö) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÈöÜ (ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö) .
æóÈöÜ (ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) ¡ æó (ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõæóíúÓò) æó (ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÈúÓõæØóÉö) Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
[ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö] :
(Ãóæú) áóãú íõÌöÒú Èóáú (ÌóÑøóÏóåóÇ) Ãóíö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö æóåõæó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (ÕóÍøó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö) ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö(3/6)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: (áöÃóäøó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ßöÊóÇÈöåö Åöáóíúåö Èöåö ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÈóÊöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ ØóáóÈóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóÞúæóì ÅöÐúäò ãóÊóì ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ) . íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÞóÈúáóåõ.
ÞóÇáó: (æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóãóáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÝõáóÇäñ ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÚóÏøõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ßóËöíÑðÇ.
æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÝóÞóÇáó: (æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇäöíÏöåöãú æóãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊöåöãú) Þóæúáõåõãú: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÝõáóÇäñ: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãóÚúãõæáñ Èöåö ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÚúÏõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúãóæúÕõæáö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÅöÔúÚóÇÑñ Þóæöíøñ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ýóåöíó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÞúÊóÑöäú ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö áóÝúÙðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÖóãøóäóÊúåóÇ ãóÚúäðì.
æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáó Åöáóì ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö Åöáóíúåö ÞóÑöíäóÉñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÓóáøóØóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ áóÝóÙó áóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÞóÇáó: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÊóíóÞøóäõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÓóãóÇÚõ ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö ãöäúåõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóÑóÖó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇááøöÓóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÚúÈöíÑõ ÇááøöÓóÇäö Úóäú ÖóãöíÑö ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Úóäö ÇáÖøóãöíÑö ÈöÃóíö ÓóÈóÈò ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÅöÔóÇÑóÉò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßõáøõåõ ÓóæóÇÁð.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉó ãõÞóÇãó ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö æóÞóæúáóåõ áóåóÇ: ( «Ãóíúäó ÑóÈøõßö¿) ÝóÃóÔóÇÑóÊú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö» .
(ÞóÇáó Èöåö) Ãóíú:(3/7)
ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èöåö¡ (ÃóíøõæÈõ) ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ (ãóÚó ãóäúÕõæÑö) Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö. (æóÇááøóíúËõ) Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò æóÎóáúÞñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäú ÈõßóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÔóÌøö¡ æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóåöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ æóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÈöÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö¡ Èóáú æóÕóÑøóÍó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò ßóÇÊöÈõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÌöíÒõ ßóÊúÈó ÇáúÚöáúãö áöãóäú íóÓúÃóáõåõ¡ æóíóÑóÇåõ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ æóÇÓöÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑóÇäö ÝóÞóÇáó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ãóäúÕõæÑñ ÈöÍóÏöíËò¡ Ëõãøó áóÞöíÊõåõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö Úóäúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæó áóíúÓó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËúÊõßó¿ Ëõãøó áóÞöíÊõ ÃóíøõæÈó ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóÚóãöáó Èöåö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÚóÇÐò: Åöäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó æóåõæó ÞóÇÖöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉö Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö æóåõæó ÞóÇÖöí ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö: (ãöäú ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Åöáóì ãõÚóÇÐò¡ ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ Åöáóíúßó Çááøóåó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóÃóÓúÃóáõåõ Ãóäú íõÕóáøöíó Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÃóÕúáóÍóäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÅöíøóÇßó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÕúáóÍó Èöåö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó ÃóÕúáóÍóåõãú¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÐõÑóíúÍò Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ Åöáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú íóÚúãóáú ÈöãóÚóÇÕöí Çááøóåö íõÚóÏøó ÍóÇãöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõ ÐóÇãøðÇ¡ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ(3/8)
ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøöíäó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇíöíäöíøõ¡ æóÇáúãóÍóÇãöáöíøõ¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúãóÍúÕõæáö) ¡ (æó) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö (ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäõ) ÈöÍóÐúÝö íóÇÁö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ãöäúåõãú (ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏó¡ Èóáú æóÚóÏøóåõ ÃóÞúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö.
æóÅöáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÃóÚúäöí ÊóÝúÖöíáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö¡ ÕóÇÑó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ãöäúåõãú ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö æóßóÃóäøóåõ áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÎöíÕö æóÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö áöáúãóÑúæöíøö ãöäú Ãóæøóáö æóåúáóÉò¡ æóÅöäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó áöÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãöåö ÊóÞúÏöíãó ÇáúßöäóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÑöíÍö¡ (æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú) Ãóíö: ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö (ÕöÍøóÉó ÐóÇßó) Ãóíö: ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö (ãóäóÚóÇ) ßóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóíúÝõ ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ: (áóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÓúáóíöØò ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÝóÇÑúæöåö Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ) .
æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäõ ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö Åöáóì ÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö¡ (æó) ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúÍóÇæöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) Ýöíåö (Èöåö) . Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö (ÞóÏú ÞóØóÚóÇ) æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÛóáóØñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Ãóæú ÍóßóÇåõ¡(3/9)
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóåõæó ÕöÍøóÊõåõ æóÊóÓúæöíÛõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó áóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÈöäóÓúÎö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝó.
æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÐóáößó æóÇÖöÍñ áöÃóÕúáö ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö áóÇ ÎõÕõæÕö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚõËúãóÇäó ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú ÈöÚúËóÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ËõÈõæÊõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ áóÇ ÃóÕúáõ ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú.
Èóáö ÇÓúÊõÏöáøó ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó: ( «ÈóÚóËó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈößöÊóÇÈöåö ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÏúÝóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö¡ ÝóÏóÝóÚóåõ ÚóÙöíãõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö Åöáóì ßöÓúÑóì» ) . æóÈöÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: «ßóÊóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ãóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó» .
æóæóÌúåõ ÏóáóÇáóÊöåöãóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ Èóáú æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ áöáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÇæóáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó áöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑó ÚóÙöíãó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÓóãöÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö æóáóÇ ÞóÑóÃóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÇÑóÊú ßõÊõÈõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÏöíäðÇ íõÏóÇäõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ áóÇÒöãñ áöáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ßóÊóÈó Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó Ýóåõæó ãóÚúãõæáñ Èöåö¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÖöí íõÍúßóãõ Èöåö æóíõÚúãóáõ Èöåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö - ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚðÇ æóÇäúÝöÑóÇÏðÇ - ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãöãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåö(3/10)
ÍóÏöíËõ æóÑøóÇÏò ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóäö ÇßúÊõÈú Åöáóíøó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊó ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóÍöÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö Úóæúäò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóì äóÇÝöÚò ÃóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáö¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÛóÇÑó Úóáóì Èóäöí ÇáúãõÕúØóáöÞö æóåõãú ÛóÇÑøõæäó. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÝöíåö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí åóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóíúÔö» .
æóÍóÏöíËõ ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò ÃóÈöí ÇáäøóÖúÑö ãóæúáóì ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóßóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈðÇ áóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃóæúÝóì ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: « (æóÇÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÊóÍúÊó ÙöáóÇáö ÇáÓøõíõæÝö» ) . æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáäøóåúÏöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÇäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóäóÍúäõ ãóÚó ÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäö ÝóÑúÞóÏò ÈöÃóÐúÑóÈöíÌóÇäó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö.
æóãöãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÍóÏöíËõ åöÔóÇãò ÇáÏøóÓúÊõæóÇÆöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÞöíãóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÞõæãõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÑóæúäöí» ) .
æóãöãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ãõÓúáöãñ ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÇãöÑö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóì ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÛõáóÇãöí äóÇÝöÚò: Ãóäú ÃóÎúÈöÑúäöí ÈöÔóíúÁò ÓóãöÚúÊóåõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóæúãó ÌõãõÚóÉò ÚóÔöíøóÉó ÑóÌúãö ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøö. ÝóÐóßóÑó(3/11)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
Èóáú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÈóÇÈò ÅöÐóÇ ÍóäöËó äóÇÓöíðÇ) Ýöí ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò. æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ áöáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö¡ æóáóãú íóÞóÚú áóåõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ãóÔóÇíöÎöåö ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäúåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóßúËóÑó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÈöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÍõÑóíúËò ÃóÈõæ ÚóãøóÇÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ. ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
[íõßúÊóÝóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö áóåõ ÎóØøó ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö Ýöí ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö] :
(æóíõßúÊóÝóì) Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö (Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ áóåõ) ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ - ÝöíãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ - ÈöÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ËöÞóÉò ãõÚúÊóãóÏò¡ (ÎóØøó) ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö (ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇÊóÈóåõ) æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÞõãö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö ÈöÑõÄúíóÊöåö æóåõæó íóßúÊõÈõ Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúÑóÝóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ áöáÊøóæóÓøõÚö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
(æóÃóÈúØóáóåõ Þóæúãñ) Ýóáóãú íõÌóæøöÒõæÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØøö¡ æóÇÔúÊóÑóØõæÇ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉó ÈöÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö¡ (áöáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö) Ýöí ÇáúÎõØõæØö ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÊóãóíøóÒõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈóíúäö Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì) : Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ Úóäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ÔóåóÇÏóÉñ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ æóÇáúÎóØøõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ. íóÚúäöí ÌóÒúãðÇ. æó (áóßöäú ÑóÏøóÇ) åóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÖöíøò (áöäõÏúÑóÉö ÇááøóÈúÓö) ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÎóØøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áóÇ íóÔúÊóÈöåõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÅöáúÈóÇÓñ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö: ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑõåõãú(3/12)
Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØøö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÎóØøó íóÊóÔóÇÈóåõ¡ ÃóÎúÐðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãóÇ íóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãöíøóÉö ãöäó ÞóÇÖò ÂÎóÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÎóØøó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÇÊøöÌóÇåñ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÓóáóÝðÇ æóÎóáóÝðÇ¡ åõäóÇ ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØøö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÈúÚóËõ ßõÊõÈóåõ Åöáóì ÚõãøóÇáöåö ÝóíóÚúãóáõæäó ÈöåóÇ æóÇÚúÊöãóÇÏöåöãú Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÅöÕúØóÎúÑöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈößöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÔúåóÇÏö ÅöÐóÇ æóËöÞó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÎóØøö æóÇáúÎóÊúãö. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæúÓöÚóÉö¡ Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöí (ÒóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáÑøóæúÖóÉö) ÈöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÎóØøö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ãóäú íõÞúÈóáõ ÎóÈóÑõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ ÎóØøóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÔõßøó Ýöí ÝõÑõæÚò¡ ãöäúåóÇ: áóæú æóÌóÏó ÈöÎóØøö ÃóÈöíåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÔõßøõ Ýöíåö ÏóíúäðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ÓóÇÛó áóåõ ÇáúÍóáöÝõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóãõÍóÇßóÇÉõ ÇáúÎõØõæØö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÇÌúÊöäóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÍóÇßóì ÍóÇÝöÙõ ÏöãóÔúÞó ÇáÔøóãúÓõ Èúäõ äóÇÕöÑö ÇáÏøöíäö ÎóØøó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÇßóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÊóáóÇãöÐóÊöåö Ýöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉò.
[ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö] :
(ÈöÍóíúËõ ÃóÏøóì) ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈõ ãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóÈöÃóíö ÕöíÛóÉò íõÄóÏøöí¡ (ÝóÇááøóíúËõ) Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò (ãóÚú ãóäúÕõæÑò) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö (ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒóÇ) ÅöØúáóÇÞó: (ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóæóÇÒðÇ) áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÃóáóíúÓó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ Åöáóíúßó ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËúÊõßó¿ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇóáó áõæóíúäñ: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó æóÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÇÍöÏñ. æóáóßöäøó(3/13)
ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞóÏú ãóäóÚõæÇ ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞó.
(æóÕóÍøóÍõæÇ ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö) ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ Ãóæú ÃóäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóÉð Ãóæú ãõßóÇÊóÈóÉð¡ æóßóÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó - Åöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÎóØøöåö - æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó.
(æóåõæó) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáúÎóØöíÈö: (ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíÞõ Èö) ãóÐóÇåöÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáúæóÑóÚö (æóÇáäøóÒóÇåóÉö) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÊøóÈóÇÚõÏö Úóäú ÅöíåóÇãö ÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÊóÇÑõåõ æóÚóåöÏúÊõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÔóÇíöÎöí æóÃóÆöãøóÉó ÚóÕúÑöí Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ãöäú ãóÏöíäóÉò æóáóãú íõÔóÇÝöåúåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó ÝõáóÇäñ. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ßóÇäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøóáóÝö íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ.
[ÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö]
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ ÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö.
(541) æóåóáú áöãóäú ÃóÚúáóãóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöãóÇ ... íóÑúæöíåö Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ ÝóÌóÒóãóÇ
(542) ÈöãóäúÚöåö ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ æóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ... æóÚöÏøóÉñ ßóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò ÕóÇÑõæÇ
(543) Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö æóÇÈúäõ ÈóßúÑò äóÕóÑóåú ... æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÔøóÇãöáö ÌóÒúãðÇ ÐóßóÑóåú
(544) Èóáú ÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÃóäú áóæú ãóäóÚóåú ... áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåú
(545) æóÑõÏøó ßóÇÓúÊöÑúÚóÇÁö ãóäú íõÍóãøöáõ ... áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ (ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ) ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÊóÍóãøõáöåö (ÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö) ÇáØøóÇáöÈó áóÝúÙðÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäò áóåõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃõÎøöÑó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ¡ ßöäóÇíóÉð áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö äóæúÚóíúåóÇ.
(
æóåóáú áöãóäú ÃóÚúáóãóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö
) ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó Úóäú ÔóíúÎò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ ÍóÓúÈó ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áóåõ æõÞõæÚõåõ ÓóãóÇÚðÇ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö(3/14)
(Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåö) Ãóãú áóÇ¿ (ÝóÌóÒóãóÇ ÈöãóäúÚöåö) ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò (ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøöíäó æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÍóíúËõ ÞóØóÚó Èöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßö ÛóíúÑóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäúåõ.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ãöãøóäú æóÞóÝúÊõ Úóáóíúåö ÇËúäóÇäö ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáØøõæÓöíøö¡ áößóæúäöåöãóÇ áóãú íõÐúßóÑú áóåõãú ÊóÕóÇäöíÝõ.
æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ æõáöÏó ÈöØõæÓò¡ æóßóÇäó æóÇáöÏõåõ íóÈöíÚõ ÛóÒúáó ÇáÕøõæÝö Ýöí ÏõßøóÇäò ÈöåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÛóÒóÇáóÉó - ÈöÇáÊøóÎúÝöíÝö - ÞóÑúíóÉò ãöäú ÞõÑóÇåóÇ. æóáóßöäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì) .
æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: åóÐóÇ ãóÓúãõæÚöí ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò. ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöáóÝúÙöåö æóáóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÊóäóÒøóáõ ãóäúÒöáóÊóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóáóÝøõÙõ ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó íóÓúãóÚõ¡ æóÅöÞúÑóÇÑõåõ Èöåö æóáóæú ÈöÇáÓøõßõæÊö ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ Ðóáößó: ËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ Ýöíåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóáöÚöáøóÉò - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì) : áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ áöÎóáóáò íóÚúÑöÝõåõ Ýöíåö æóÅöäú ÓóãöÚóåõ. íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ËóÇäöí äóæúÚóíö ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö(3/15)
Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏú ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö¡ Èóáú ãóäóÚó Ðóáößó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ.
(æóÐóÇ) : Ãóíö: ÇáúãóäúÚõ åõæó (ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ) áöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÓøóíúÝö ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö Ýöí ËóÇäöí äóæúÚóíö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÑúæóì ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÓúáöíØò ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÝóÇÑúæöåö Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ. æóßóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö æóÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö.
(æóÚöÏøóÉñ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ßóËöíÑõæäó (ßóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò) ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáúãóÏóäöíøöíäó ßóÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóØóæóÇÆöÝó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ßóÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÍóÈöíÈò ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ßóÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáúãóÍúÕõæáö) æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö (ÕóÇÑõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö: (ÔóåöÏúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÌõÑóíúÌò ÌóÇÁó Åöáóì åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÚúØóíúÊóåóÇ ÝõáóÇäðÇ åöíó ÍóÏöíËõßó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøõ: ÝóÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÌõÑóíúÌò ÈóÚúÏõ íóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ. æóÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ æóÃõÌöíÈó Èößóæúäö ãóÐúåóÈö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÍóÈöíÈò ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ãöäú ÛóãúÒöåö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÃóÓóÏö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ãóÚó Þóæúáö ÃóÓóÏò: ÅöäøóãóÇ ØóáóÈó ãöäøöí ßõÊõÈöí áöíóäúÓóÎóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÕóäóÚó. Ãóæú äóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú Ýöí(3/16)
åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÏöÔõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóæúäõ ÃóÓóÏò áóÇ íõÌöíÒõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
(æóÇÈúäõ ÈóßúÑò) åõæó ÇáúæóáöíÏõ ÇáúÛóãúÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ) ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ¡ æó (äóÕóÑóåú) Èóáú (æó) ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑö Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö (ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÔøóÇãöáö ÌóÒúãðÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ) Ãóíú: ÐóßóÑóåõ ÌóÇÒöãðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ áöáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáúãõÞöÑøó íõÞöÑøõ ÈöÔóíúÁò æóÅöäú áóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøó ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝóåõ áóåõ Èöåö æóÊóÕúÍöíÍóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ßóÊóÍúÏöíËöåö áóåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö Ãóæú ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÌöÒú áóåõ¡ (Èóáú ÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú) æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ãóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò¡ ÝóÕóÑøóÍó (ÈöÃóäú) Ãóíú: ÈöÃóäøóåõ (áóæú ãóäóÚóåõ) ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊóåö Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÚúáóÇãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: áóÇ ÊóÑúæöåö Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú áóÇ ÃõÌöíÒõåõ áóßó.
(áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú) ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãó ØóÑöíÞñ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáõ Èöåö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èöåö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóãóäúÚõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó æõÞõæÚöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: æóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÓöæóÇåõ.
(ßóãóÇ) Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ (ÅöÐóÇ) ãóäóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÈöãóÇ (ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåõ) áóÇ áöÚöáøóÉò æóÑöíÈóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ; áößóæúäöåö åõäóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÔóíúÁñ áóÇ íõÑúÌóÚõ Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ËóÇãöäö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÞõÈóíúáó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ (æó) áóßöäú ÞóÏú (ÑõÏøó) Ãóíö: ÇáúÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö (ßóÜ) ãóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö (ÇÓúÊöÑúÚóÇÁö) ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö (ãóäú íõÍóãøöáõÜ) Üåõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóßúÝöí ÅöÚúáóÇãõåõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóæú ÓóãóÇÚõåõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÃúÐóäó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó Úóáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ; áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóãúÊóäöÚó ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÊöåóÇ áöÊóÔóßøõßò Ãóæö ÇÑúÊöíóÇÈò íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ Ãóæö(3/17)
ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö Ýöí äóÞúáöåóÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó åõäóÇ¡ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÓóÇæóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì íóÌúãóÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöíåö æóÅöäö ÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÊóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãóÇ ÎóÏóÔó Èöåö ÚöíóÇÖñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ íõÄóÏøöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÊóÓõæÛõ áóåõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÐúäò Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóæú ÓóãöÚóåõ íóÔúåóÏõ ÔóÎúÕðÇ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚóåõ íõÈóíøöäõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈó ßóãóÇ ÃóáúÍóÞóåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÞóÏú íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÈöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö ÒóÇáó ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÊóæóåøóãõåõ ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ ãöäú ÅöÞóÇãóÊöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÓõæÛõ áöãóäú ÞóÑóÃó Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó ÑöæóÇíóÉó Ðóáößó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäò ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ¡ Èóáú æóíõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÕõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ãóäúÚö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
æóÞóÑøóÑó ÇáúãóäúÚó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó áóÇ ÊóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÔóÑúÚñ ÚóÇãøñ¡ æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑó åõæó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÑøóÇæöí: ÃóÑúæöíåö Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò. ãõÄóËøöÑñ Ýöí ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ãóÚó ÇáËøöÞóÉö¡ æóÐóÇßó íóÞúÊóÖöí ÌóæóÇÒó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäò.
ÞóÇáó: æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö äöíóÇÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöÐúäõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö: áóÇ ÊõÄóÏøö Úóäøöí. ÇãúÊóäóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö¡ Èóáú ãóäúÚõåõ áöÑöíÈóÉò æóÚöáøóÉò ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãöäó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóÊóÑóÌøóÍó ÊóæúÌöíåõ ÇáúãóäúÚö ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÐúäò Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÔóì Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ (áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøó) ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Úóáóì(3/18)
ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúæõËõæÞõ Èöåö¡ íóÌöÈõ (Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ) ÈöãóÖúãõæäöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÃóåúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÌõÒú áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÊóßúÝöí Ýöíåö ÕöÍøóÊõåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì Ãóäú Êóßõæäó áóåõ Èöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö.
æóÍóßóì ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ãõÍóÞøöÞöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöíåö¡ ãóÚó ÐóåóÇÈö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Åöáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóäúÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóÇáúãõÑúÓóáö ãóäúÚõåõ åõäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ åõäóÇ: ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ¡ íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ íóÞúÊóÖöí ãóäúÚó åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
[ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö]
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
(546) æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóÌóÇÒó áöáúãõæÕóì áóåõ ... ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÁö ãöäú ÑóÇæò ÞóÖóì ÃóÌóáóåõ
(547) íóÑúæöíåö Ãóæú áöÓóÝóÑò ÃóÑóÇÏóåú ... æóÑõÏøó ãóÇ áóãú íõÑöÏö ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóåú ÇáúÞöÓúãõ
(ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ) ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÊóÍóãøõáöåö (ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ) ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö Ãóæú ÓóÝóÑöåö áöáØøóÇáöÈö (ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) Ãóæú äóÍúæöåö ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö (æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú) ßóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó (ÃóÌóÇÒó áöáúãõæÕóì áóåõ) ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó (ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÁö) ãöäú ÃõÕõæáöåö Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåóÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóáóæú ÈößõÊõÈöåö ßõáøöåóÇ (ãöäú ÑóÇæò) áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉñ ÈöÇáúãõæÕóì Èöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõÚúáöãóåõ ÕóÑöíÍðÇ(3/19)
ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö Íöíäó (ÞóÖóì ÃóÌóáóåõ) ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö (íóÑúæöíåö) ; Ãóíú: Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóÈõæ ÞöáóÇÈóÉó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ÇáúÌóÑúãöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÍóíúËõ ÃóæúÕóì ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö æóåõæó ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö ÅöÐú åóÑóÈó ÅöáóíúåóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃõÑöíÏó áöáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈößõÊõÈöåö Åöáóì ÊöáúãöíÐöåö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÍóíøðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáúÊõÍúÑóÞú¡ æóäõÝøöÐóÊú æóÕöíøóÊõåõ æóÌöíÁó ÈöÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõæÕóì ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÃúãö áöÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúãõæÕóì áóåõ æóåõæó ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö æóÃóÚúØóì Ýöí ßöÑóÇÆöåóÇ ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÃóáó ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó: ÃóíóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ ÈöÐóáößó¿ ÝóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) (Ãóæú) Íöíäó ÊóæóÌøóåó (áöÓóÝóÑò ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ) ÅöáúÍóÇÞðÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ Èóáú ÚóÒóì ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö áöÞóæúãò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö: Åöäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó. æóÓóÈóÞóåõãóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ØóÑöíÞñ ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöíåö Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èöåö. Ëõãøó ÚóáøóáóåóÇ ÈöÃóäøó Ýöí ÏóÝúÚöåóÇ áóåõ äóæúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÐúäö æóÔóÈóåðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑúÖö æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö.
ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ (æó) áóßöäú (ÑõÏøó) ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÌóäóÍó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ Èóáú äóÞóáóåõ Úóäú ßóÇÝøóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ÈöåóÇ æóÇÈúÊöíóÇÚöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÏúÑóßúäóÇ ßóÇÝøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡(3/20)
ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ áöáøóÐöí ÓóÇÑóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚóÇÊöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ãöäúåóÇ: ÃóäóÇ æóËóäóÇ. Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö. æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÈóÚöíÏñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÒóáøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãö (ãóÇ áóãú íõÑöÏö) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ Èöåö (ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ) ÇáúÂÊöíóÉõ ÈóÚúÏõ ; Ãóíö: ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÊóÔúÈöíåõåõ ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÞöÓúãóíö ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó áöãõÌóæøöÒò ÈöåöãóÇ ãõÓúÊóäóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ áóÇ íóÊóÞóÑøóÑõ ãöËúáõåõ æóáóÇ ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäúåõ åóÇåõäóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö äõÞöáóÊú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö áóãú íõÌóæøöÒúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÉò ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ: æóÚóäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöíåö ÈöÊóíóÞøõäò Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÎóØøö ÃóÈöíåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÍóãúáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÛóáóØñ ÙóÇåöÑñ. æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö áóãú íõÎúÊóáóÝú Ýöí ÈõØúáóÇäöåóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö¡ Ýóåöíó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóÑúÝóÚõ ÑõÊúÈóÉð ãöäó ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó Þóæúáó ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö ãõÄóæøóáñ Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö¡ ÛóáóØñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ÝóÞóÏú Úóãöáó ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÇáúÈõØúáóÇäõ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóíøöäõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÊóÍúÏöíËò áóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãó áóÇ ÕóÑöíÍðÇ æóáóÇ ßöäóÇíóÉð.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó ÇáúãõÝúÊöíó ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áöáÓøóÇÆöáö(3/21)
äóÝúÓöåö: áóÇ ÂãõÑõßó æóáóÇ ÃóäúåóÇßó. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÚóÞöÈó ÍößóÇíóÊöåö: íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÃóíøõæÈó ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚó Êöáúßó ÇáúßõÊõÈó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóÍúÝóÙõåóÇ¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊóÝúÊóì ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ãöäúåóÇ. æóíóÏõáøõ áöÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó æóÑóÏó Úóäúåõ ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäó ÇáÕøõÍõÝö ÇáøóÊöí áóíúÓóÊú ãóÓúãõæÚóÉð.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Úóæúäò: ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÑóÌõáò íóÌöÏõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ ÃóíóÞúÑóÄõåõ Ãóæú íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöíåö¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÓúãóÚóåõ ãöäú ËöÞóÉò. ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÚóÇÕöãò ÇáúÃóÍúæóáö: ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÖóÚó ÚöäúÏóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóÞúÈóáó¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóáúÈóËõ ÚöäúÏöí ßöÊóÇÈñ.
[ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ]
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ.
(548) Ëõãøó ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ æóÊöáúßó ãóÕúÏóÑú ... æóÌóÏúÊõåõ ãõæóáøóÏðÇ áöíóÙúåóÑú
(549) ÊóÛóÇíõÑõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÐóÇßó Åöäú ÊóÌöÏú ... ÈöÎóØøö ãóäú ÚóÇÕóÑúÊó Ãóæú ÞóÈúáõ ÚõåöÏú
(550) ãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËúßó Èöåö æóáóãú íõÌöÒú ... ÝóÞõáú ÈöÎóØøöåö æóÌóÏúÊõ æóÇÍúÊóÑöÒú
(551) Åöäú áóãú ÊóËöÞú ÈöÇáúÎóØøö Þõáú æóÌóÏúÊõ ... Úóäúåõ Ãóæö ÇÐúßõÑú Þöíáó Ãóæú ÙóäóäúÊõ
(552) æóßõáøõåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚñ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ... ÞóÏú ÔöíÈó æóÕúáðÇ ãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÊóÓóåøóáõæÇ
(553) Ýöíåö ÈöÚóäú ÞóÇáó æóåóÐóÇ ÏõáúÓóåú ... ÊóÞúÈõÍõ Åöäú Ãóæúåóãó Ãóäøó äóÝúÓóåú
(554) ÍóÏøóËóåõ Èöåö æóÈóÚúÖñ ÃóÏøóì ... ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ æóÑõÏøóÇ
(555) æóÞöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöäøó ÇáúãõÚúÙóãóÇ ... áóãú íóÑóåõ æóÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÌóÒóãóÇ
(556) ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó æóåúæó ÇáúÃóÕúæóÈõ ... æóáöÇÈúäö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó äóÓóÈõæÇ
(557) æóÅöäú íóßõäú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎóØøöåö ÝóÞõáú ... ÞóÇáó æóäóÍúæóåóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÍúÕõáú
(558) ÈöÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúæõËõæÞõ Þõáú ÈóáóÛóäöí ... æóÇáúÌóÒúãõ íõÑúÌóì Íöáøõåõ áöáúÝóØöäö(3/22)
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ
(ÇáËøóÇãöäõ) ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóäóÞúáöåö (ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ) ¡ (Ëõãøó) íóáöí ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó (ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúæóÇæö¡ (æóÊöáúßó) ; Ãóíú: áóÝúÙõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö (ãóÕúÏóÑú æóÌóÏúÊõåõ ãõæóáøóÏðÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÛóíúÑõ ãóÓúãõæÚò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö - ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúãõÚóÇÝóì Èúäõ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäöíøõ - æóáøóÏõæÇ Þóæúáóåõãú: æöÌóÇÏóÉñ. ÝöíãóÇ ÃõÎöÐó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÕóÍöíÝóÉò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓóãóÇÚò æóáóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉò æóáóÇ ãõäóÇæóáóÉò¡ ÇÞúÊöÝóÇÁð áöáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÞö Èóíúäó ãóÕóÇÏöÑö " æóÌóÏó " áöáÊøóãúíöíÒö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö.
(áöíóÙúåóÑó ÊóÛóÇíõÑõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÐóÇßó) ; Ãóíú: ÞöÓúãõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ äóæúÚóÇäö:
ÍóÏöíËñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ; ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ (Ãóäú ÊóÌöÏó ÈöÎóØøö) ÈóÚúÖö (ãóäú ÚóÇÕóÑúÊó) ÓóæóÇÁð áóÞöíÊóåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÎóØøö ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú (ÞóÈúáõ) ãöãøóäú áóãú ÊõÚóÇÕöÑúåõ ãöãøóäú (ÚõåöÏó) æõÌõæÏõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò áóåõ Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑöåö æóåõæó íóÑúæöíåö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝõ æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåõ.
(ãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËúßó Èöåö æóáóãú íõÌöÒú) áóßó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ (ÝóÞõáú) ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊõæÑöÏõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ (ÈöÎóØøöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò (æóÌóÏúÊõ) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó: ßóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÝõáóÇäò ÈöÎóØøöåö ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäõ Èúäõ ÝõáóÇäò.
æóÊóÐúßõÑõ ÔóíúÎóåõ æóÊóÓõæÞõ ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÇáúãóÊúäö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ (æóÇÍúÊóÑöÒú) Úóäö ÇáúÌóÒúãö (Åöäú áóãú ÊóËöÞú Èö) ÐóÇßó (ÇáúÎóØøö) ÈöØóÑöíÞöåö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍö Ýöí ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö¡ Èóáú (Þõáú æóÌóÏúÊõ Úóäúåõ) Ãóíú: Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú ÈóáóÛóäöí Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÐúßõÑõ: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøò Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÎóØøõ ÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó áöí ÝõáóÇäñ: Åöäøóåõ ÎóØøõ ÝõáóÇäò.
(Ãóæú ÙóäóäúÊõ) Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØøõ ÝõáóÇäò Ãóæú ÐóßóÑó ßóÇÊöÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÝõáóÇäõ Èúäõ ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõÝúÕöÍóÉö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóäóÏö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÎóØøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎóØøöåö ÝóÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Úóäúåõ(3/23)
íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöáúæõËõæÞö Èöåö æóÚóÏóãöåö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö Èöãóäú áóãú íõÌöÒú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóßóáøõãó Úóáóì ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÎóÇáöíóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ãóåöíó ãõÓúÊóäóÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóãóáö¿ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò æóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ áöí.
æóåõæó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ - æóÇÖöÍñ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ áóÇ íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóÞóæúáö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÃóÈöí: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö íóÔúãóáõåõãóÇ (æóßõáøõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãóÑúæöíøõ ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö ÓóæóÇÁñ æóËöÞúÊó Èößóæúäöåö ÎóØøóåõ Ãóãú áóÇ.
(ãõäúÞóØöÚñ) Ãóæú ãõÚóáøóÞñ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ Ýöí (ÇáúÛõÑóÑö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö) áóåõ: ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉõ ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÚóÏøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÞóØöÚö æóãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö - íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöËóÇáöËö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö - æóÅöäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäö ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÓóãóÇÚò áóåõãú æóáóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉò ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) æóÚóÞóÏó áöÐóáößó ÈóÇÈðÇ æóÓóÇÞó Ýöíåö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ æóÌóÏó Ýöí ÞóÇÆöãö ÓóíúÝö ÃóÈöíåö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÕóÍöíÝóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ßóÐóÇ.
æóÚóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÚöäúÏöí ÚóÊöíÞò áöÓõÝúíóÇäó(3/24)
ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÐóßúæóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö. æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
æóÚóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÍóÈöíÈò ÞóÇáó: ÃóæúÏóÚóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉð ÊõÔúÈöåõ åóÐöåö¡ ÝóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöíåö: Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö ÞóÇáó¡ æóßóÇäó íõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ æóáóÇ ËóäóÇ Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÐóÇßó Úóãøóäú ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÚóÑóÝõæÇ ÍóÏöíËóåõ ãóÚó ÅöíÑóÇÏöåöãú áóåõ ÈöæóÌóÏúÊõ Ãóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõ æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÑöåó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäö ÇáÕøõÍõÝö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÉö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÓóÇÞó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: (ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöíåö Úöáúãñ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäú ÚóÇáöãò ÝóáúíóÏúÚõ ÈöÅöäóÇÁò æóãóÇÁò ÝóáúíóäúÞóÚúåõ Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÊóáöØó ÓóæóÇÏõåõ ãóÚó ÈóíóÇÖöåö) .
æóÚóäú æóßöíÚò ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõäúÙóÑú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ; áóÇ íóÃúãóäõ Ãóäú ÊóÚúáóÞó ÈöÞóáúÈöåö ãöäúåõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÏúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íõÍúãóáõ ßóáóÇãõ Çáäøóæóæöíøö ÇáúãóÇÖöí Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÍößóÇíóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ æóÌóÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÐóåóÈúÊõ ÃóÓúÃóáõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÎúÒõæãöíøóÉö ÝóÕóÇÍó Èöí ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÓõÝúíóÇäó: Ýóáóãú ÊóÍúãöáúåõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò¿ .
ÞóÇáó: æóÌóÏúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ßóÇäó ßóÊóÈóåõ ÃóíøõæÈõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. áóÇ íõÎúÏóÔõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö äóÝúÓöåö ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇááøóíúËö Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö (æó) áóßöäö (ÇáúÃóæøóáõ) æóåõæó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóËöÞó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ (ÞóÏú ÔöíÈó æóÕúáðÇ) Ãóíú: ÈöæóÕúáö (ãóÇ) ÍóíúËõ(3/25)
Þöíáó Ýöíåö: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò. áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÑúÊöÈóÇØö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ æóÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÞõæøóÉò áöáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ÍóÏöíËñ Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó) ãóËóáðÇ æóåõæó ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÃóÍúãóÏó ßóÐóÇ. ÃóÞúæóì ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó æóÇáäøóÞúÕó æóÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑó æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú íõÌöíÒõ ÇáäøóÞúáó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÎóØøö.
(æóÞóÏú ÊóÓóåøóáõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ßóÈóåúÒö Èúäö Íóßöíãò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ãöÞúÓóãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö äóÇÝöÚò¡ æóÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò¡ æóãóÎúÑóãóÉó Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò¡ æóæóÇÆöáö Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó.
(Ýöíåö) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÅöíÑóÇÏò ãóÇ íóÌöÏõæäóåõ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÝóÃóÊóæúÇ (Èö) áóÝúÙö (Úóäú) ÝõáóÇäò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ãöËúáó " ÞóÇáó " ãóßóÇäó " æóÌóÏúÊõ " ; ÅöÐú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÈóåúÒò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú ÕóÍöíÝóÉò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ æóÕóÇáöÍñ ÌóÒóÑóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö æóÇÆöáò Úóäú æóáóÏöåö ÈóßúÑò.
æóÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ áóãøóÇ Þöíáó áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóãøóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöíÝóÉñ æóÌóÏúäóÇåóÇ. æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö. æóßóÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóßóãó Úóäú ãöÞúÓóãò áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Óöæóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí ßöÊóÇÈñ.(3/26)
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóåóÐóÇ ÏõáúÓóÉñ ÊóÞúÈõÍõ Åöäú Ãóæúåóãó) ÇáúæóÇÌöÏõ ÈöÃóäú ßóÇäó ãõÚóÇÕöÑðÇ áóåõ (Ãóäøó äóÝúÓóåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ ÇáøóÐöí æóÌóÏó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó ÈöÎóØøöåö (ÍóÏøóËóåõ Èöåö) Ãóæú áóåõ ãöäúåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæåöãú¡ ÈöÃóäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÚóÇÕöÑðÇ áóåõ (æóÈóÚúÖñ) ÌóÇÒóÝó ÝóÜ (ÃóÏøóì) ãóÇ æóÌóÏóåõ ßóÐóáößó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: ËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ: ËóäóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈñ áóäóÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÑøóíøö ËöÞóÉñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÃóÔúÑóÓõ. ÞóÇáó: ÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝóßóÇäó íõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇÔöÏò¡ ÝóÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: Ãóíúäó áóÞöíÊóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóãú ÃóáúÞóåõ¡ ãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÝóæóÌóÏúÊõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóåõ.
æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇÔöÏò ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÈóÚóËó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Åöáóì ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÞõæáõ áóßó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò: ÇÓúÊóæúÕö ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäøóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÞöíó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøó¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ; ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóäóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó ÇáúÎóÏúÔõ Ýöíåö æóáóÚóáøóåõ Úóäóì ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖóì ÌóÒúãö ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò Èößóæúäö ÔõÚóíúÈö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäú ÌóÏøöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÏó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÝóÍóÏøóËó ãöäúåõ¡ ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍöåö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÞóáöíáóÉò ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ ÅöÏúÑóÇÌõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡(3/27)
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÞóÏó (ÑóÏøóÇ) Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøöí áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóäú íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáäøóÞúáó Ýöíåö ÈöÐóáößó æóáóÇ ãóäú ÚóÏøóåõ ãóÚóÏøó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóÚóáøó ÝóÇÚöáóåõ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÎóØøö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ æóåõæó ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÅöØúáóÇÞóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóíõÓúÊóÃúäóÓõ áóåõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÈóáúÎöíøö: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÌóæøöÒöíäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò. ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ ÈöÎóØøò ãóæúËõæÞò Èöåö ÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó Ýóåõæó ÃóÞúÈóÍõ ÊóÏúáöíÓò ÞóÇÏöÍò Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
(æó) áößóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÊøóÕöáò (Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö) ÈöãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóåõ (Åöäøó ÇáúãõÚúÙóãóÇ) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ (áóãú íóÑóåõ) ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö æóÇáúãõäúÞóØöÚö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÊøóÕöáú¡ æóßóÇäó ãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÇáúãõÑúÓóáö ãöãøóäú ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì åóÐóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ åõäóÇßó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú íóÑóì ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØøö ÝóÞóÏú íõÝóÑøöÞõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãöåóÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáó.
(æó) áóßöäú (ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö) Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÍóíúËõ ÓóÇÛó (ÌóÒóãóÇ) Ãóíú: ÞóØóÚó (ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÚöäúÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáËøöÞóÉö Èöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÚõÑöÖó Úóáóì ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó áóÃóÊóæúåõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ãõÚúÙóãóåõãú ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó áóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
(æó) ÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö (åõæó ÇáúÃóÕúæóÈõ) ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÊøóÌöåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÕõÑóÊö Çáúåöãóãõ ÝöíåóÇ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÍóÕóáó ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÊóæóÞøóÝó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö áóÇäúÓóÏøó ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáö áöÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÔóÑúØö(3/28)
ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ íóÚúäöí: Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ æöÌóÇÏóÇÊò¡ æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÌóæúäöíøö: (ßõäøóÇ äóÓúãóÚõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö ÝöíåóÇ Úöáúãñ ÝóäóäúÊóÇÈõåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóäúÊóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåó ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ åóåõäóÇ Âáõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóãóÚóåõãú Þóæúãñ ÝõÞóåóÇÁõ) ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÚóãóáöåöãú ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ßóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö.
(æóáöÜ) áúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö (ÇÈúäö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó) ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö (ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó äóÓóÈõæÇ) Ãóíú: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáó Èöåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú äõÙøóÇÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò: æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÕóÑóåõ ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøõ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö. ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ÇáúãóäúÚõ¡ ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ¡ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÇáúÚöãóÇÏõ Èúäõ ßóËöíÑò áöáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: ( «Ãóíøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÃóÚúÌóÈõ Åöáóíúßõãú ÅöíãóÇäðÇ¿) ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ ÞóÇáó: (æóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó æóåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú¿) æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó¡ ÞóÇáó: (æóßóíúÝó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó æóÇáúæóÍúíõ íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãú¿) ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóäóÍúäõ¡ ÞóÇáó: (æóßóíúÝó áóÇ ÊõÄúãöäõæäó æóÃóäóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑößõãú¿) ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ýóãóäú íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: (Þóæúãñ íóÃúÊõæäó ÈóÚúÏóßõãú íóÌöÏõæäó ÕõÍõÝðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöåóÇ» ) ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóíõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõ ãóÏúÍõ ãóäú Úóãöáó(3/29)
ÈöÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: æóåõæó ÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØñ ÍóÓóäñ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÝöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö äóÙóÑñ ; ÝóÇáúæõÌõæÏõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö áóÇ íõÓóæøöÛõ ÇáúÚóãóáó.
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ (Åöäú íóßõäú) æóåõæó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ãöäú ãõÕóäøóÝò áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöãøóäú ÚóÇÕóÑúÊóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ ßóãóÇ Èóíøóäó ÃóæøóáðÇ (ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎóØøöåö) Ãóíö: ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ ãóÚó ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇÈóáóåóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ Ãóæú ËöÞóÉñ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö Ãóæú ÈöÝóÑúÚò ãõÞóÇÈóáò ßóãóÇ ÞõÑøöÑó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö.
(ÝóÞõáú: ÞóÇáó) ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ (æóäóÍúæóåóÇ) ãöäú ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÌóÒúãö¡ ßóÐóßóÑó ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ãóæö ÈöÎóØøö ãõÕóäøöÝöåö ãóÚó ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÎóØøõåõ ÝóÞõáú ÃóíúÖðÇ: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÝõáóÇäò. æóäóÍúæóåóÇ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇÍúßö ßóáóÇãóåõ¡ (æóÅöäú áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúæõËõæÞõ) ÝóÜ (Þõáú: ÈóáóÛóäöí) Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÌóÒúãó.
(æó) áóßöäö (ÇáúÌóÒúãõ) Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßöíøö áöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÈöíáö (íõÑúÌóì Íóáøõåõ áöáúÝóØöäö) ÇáúÚóÇáöãö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ãóæóÇÖöÚõ ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÇØö æóÇáÓøóÞúØö æóãóÇ ÃõÍöíáó Úóäú ÌöåóÊöåö ; Ãóíú: ÈöÖóÑúÈò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÅöáóì åóÐóÇ - ÝöíãóÇ(3/30)
ÃóÍúÓóÈõ - ÇÓúÊóÑúæóÍó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáõæåõ ãöäó ßõÊõÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÚó ÊóÓóÇãõÍö ßóËöíÑò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÍóÑøò æóáóÇ ÊóËóÈøõÊò¡ ÝóíõØóÇáöÚõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãóäúÓõæÈðÇ Åöáóì ãõÕóäøöÝò ãõÚóíøóäò æóíóäúÞõáõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóËöÞó ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: ÞóÇáó ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ. æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóíóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó ãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÈöÍóæóÇÔöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö æóÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏóÇÊö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÎóØøò ãóÚúÑõæÝò ; ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöäóÞúáöåóÇ æóÚóÒúæöåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäú åöíó áóåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöÚóÇáöãò ãõÊúÞöäò¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóæóÇÔöí ÈöÎóØøö ÔóÎúÕò æóáóíúÓóÊú áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ áóåõ æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö ÝóíóÔúÊóÈöåõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì äóÇÞöáöåö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÚúÒõæ Çáúßõáøó áöæóÇÍöÏò.
[ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØõåõ]
[Íõßúãõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏöáøóÊõåóÇ]
ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØõåõ.
(559) æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÈõ æóÇáúÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ... Ýöí ßöÊúÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ
(560) Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóÒúãö ... áöÞóæúáöåö ÇßúÊõÈõæÇ¡ æóßóÊóÈó ÇáÓøóåúãöí
(ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØõåõ) ÈöÇáÔøóßúáö æóäóÍúæöåö æóãóÇ ÃõáúÍöÞó ÈöÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÎóØøö ÇáÏøóÞöíÞö æóÇáÑøóãúÒö æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö¡ ãöãøóÇ ÓóäõÈóíøöäõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóãöäú ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÈúØö.
[Íõßúãõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏöáøóÊõåóÇ] :
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: (æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÈõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÝóÊúÍöåóÇ - ÌóãúÚõ ÕóÇÍöÈò ßóÌöíóÇÚò æóÌóÇÆöÚò¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúßóÓúÑó Ýöí ÕöÍóÇÈò æóÇáúÝóÊúÍó Ýöí ÕóÍóÇÈóÉò ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ (æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÇáúÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ) áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (Ýöí ßöÊúÈóÉö) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúßóÇÝö ; Ãóíú: ßöÊóÇÈóÉö (ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÚóãóáðÇ æóÊóÑúßðÇ.
ÝóßóÑöåóåóÇ áöáÊøóÍúÑöíãö - ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÝöíÓö - ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ; Ýóãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäõ(3/31)
ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ.
æóãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ æóÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ Èóáú ÃóãóÑõæÇ ÈöÍöÝúÙöåö Úóäúåõãú ßóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæåõ ÍöÝúÙðÇ ãõÊóãóÓøößöíäó ÈöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «áóÇ ÊóßúÊõÈõæÇ Úóäøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ Óöæóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ãóäú ßóÊóÈó Úóäøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ Óöæóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÝóáúíóãúÍõåõ» ) . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ßóÊúÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýóáóãú íóÃúÐóäú áóåõ.
æóÃóÌóÇÒóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÚõãóÑõ(3/32)
æóÚóáöíøñ æóÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö æóÃóäóÓñ æóÌóÇÈöÑñ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ Èóáú ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ(3/33)
ßóãóÇ ÕóÍøó: ( «ÞóíøöÏõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó. ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö» ) Èóáú Ñõæöíó ÑóÝúÚõåõ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: (ßóÊúÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ) .
(æó) áóßöäö (ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ) ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ (Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÈóÚúÏóåõãú) ¡ Ãóíú: ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ßóãóÇ ÒóÇÏóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ (ÈöÇáúÌóÒúãö) Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÊöåö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÑóÏøõÏò ÈöÍóíúËö ÒóÇáó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõæäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áöÃóÏöáøóÉò ãõäúÊóÔöÑóÉò íóÏõáøõ ãóÌúãõæÚõåóÇ Úóáóì ÝóÖúáö ÊóÏúæöíäö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÊóÞúíöíÏöåö.
ßóÜ (Þóæúáöåö) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõåóÇ: ( «ÇßúÊõÈõæÇ áöÃóÈöí ÔóÇåò» ) íóÚúäöí ÈöåóÇÁò ãõäóæøóäóÉò Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÝö æóÇáÏøóÑúÌö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÓóãöÚóåóÇ íóæúãó ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÏøóÚóì Ýöíåö ÃóäøóåóÇ æóÇÞöÚóÉõ Úóíúäò. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóßóÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ãóÑóÖö ãóæúÊöåö: ( «ÅöíÊõæäöí(3/34)
ÈößóÊöÝò ÃóßúÊõÈõ áóßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ áóÇ ÊóÖöáøõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ» ) .
(æó) áöÜ (ßóÊúÈö) ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö (ÇáÓøóåúãöíøö) äöÓúÈóÉð áöÓóåúãö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö åõÕóíúÕò¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ( «ãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóßúËóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãöäøöí¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ æóáóÇ ÃóßúÊõÈõ¡ æóßóÇäó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú ÃóÐöäó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó» ) . ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó.
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóßúÊõÈõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõåõ ãöäúßó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÖóÈö æóÇáÑøöÖóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: (äóÚóãú¡ ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ) æóßóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íõÓóãøöí ÕóÍöíÝóÊóåõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒðÇ Úóäú ÕóÍöíÝóÉò ßóÇäóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Èóáú Ñõæöíó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ãöãøóÇ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó «Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ Ôóßóì Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: (ÇÓúÊóÚöäú Èöíóãöíäößó» ) . æóÑõæöíó Úóäú(3/35)
ÃóäóÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ( «åóÐöåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÓóãöÚúÊõåóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóßóÊóÈúÊõåóÇ æóÚóÑóÖúÊõåóÇ» ) .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó äóÍúæõåõ¡ æóÃóÓóÇäöíÏõåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ.
æóáöÞóæúáö Úóáöíøò ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö (ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúäóÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö) .
æóáöÞóæúáö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÅöÐú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ÃóÃóßúÊõÈõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ¿ æóãóÇ íóãúäóÚõßó ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÈóÃóßó ÇááøóØöíÝõ ÇáúÎóÈöíÑõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó! æóÞóÑóÃó: {Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóÖöáøõ ÑóÈøöí æóáóÇ íóäúÓóì} [Øå: 52] æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóáöíÍö ÇáúåõÐóáöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: íóÚöíÈõæäó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóäú äóßúÊõÈó ÇáúÚöáúãó Ãóæú äõÏóæøöäóåõ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÚöáúãõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò} [Øå: 52] .
æóáöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò Ýöí ãóÂÎöÐö ÇáúÚöáúãö: ÝóÇßúÊõÈõæåõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÚóáó ßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÇáÏøóíúäö æóÃóÌóáóåõ æóßóãøöíøóÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúØö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÌóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÞöíÇãðÇ áöáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóäóÝúíðÇ áöáöÇÑúÊöíóÇÈö áöÞóæúáöåö: {Ðóáößõãú ÃóÞúÓóØõ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóÃóÞúæóãõ áöáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÃóÏúäóì ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÑúÊóÇÈõæÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 282] ¡ [ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉó: 282] .(3/36)
ÞõáúÊõ: æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóãõæÇ Ãóäú ÊóßúÊõÈõæåõ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ Ãóæú ßóÈöíÑðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÌóáöåö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 282] .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò: æóÚóáóì ãóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ä æóÇáúÞóáóãö æóãóÇ íóÓúØõÑõæäó} [ÇáÞáã: 1] ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÓøóÑóåõãóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÈöÇáÏøóæóÇÉö æóÇáúÞóáóãö¡ Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ( «Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÞóáóãõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» ) ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ; Ãóíö: ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö áöáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö: ( «íóÌöíÁõ ÈóÚúÏóßõãú Þóæúãñ íóÌöÏõæäó ÕõÍõÝðÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ» ) Úóáóãñ ãöäú ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ãöäú ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÚóãøóÇ ÓóíóÞóÚõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÏúæöíäõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóßóÊúÈõåõ Ýöí ÕõÍõÝöåö ; íóÚúäöí: æóßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó Ýöí Òóãóäöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÞúÊóÑóäó ãóÚóåóÇ ÞöÕóÑõ Çáúåöãóãö æóäóÞúÕõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáÒøóãóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ; áößóæúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ßóÇäõæÇ ãóØúÈõæÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ãóÎúÕõæÕöíäó Èöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: Åöäøöí áöÃóãõÑøõ ÈöÇáäøóÞöíÚö ÝóÃóÓõÏøõ ÃõÐõäöí ãóÎóÇÝóÉó Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóäóÇ¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÃõÐõäöí ÔóíúÁñ ÞóØøõ ÝóäóÓöíÊõåõ. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóÍóÝöÙó ÇÈúäõ(3/37)
ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÞóÕöíÏóÉó ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈöíÚóÉó:
Ãóãöäú Âáö äõÚúãò ÃóäúÊó ÛóÇÏò ÝóãõÈóßøöÑõ.
Ýöí ÓóãúÚóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó¡ Èóáú ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÝöÙó ÞóÕöíÏóÉð ãöäú ãóÑøóÉò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ Çáúíóæúãó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÎõÔöíó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÊóÞúíöíÏöåö ÇäúÏöÑóÇÓõåõ æóÖóíóÇÚõåõ ÝóÏõæøöäó.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÕóáóÇÍò: æóáóæúáóÇ ÊóÏúæöíäõåõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö áóÏóÑóÓó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÕõÑö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉó¡ íóÚúäöí: ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö: (ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÇßúÊõÈõæåõ ÝóÅöäøöí ÎóÔöíÊõ ÏõÑõæÓó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÐóåóÇÈó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö) .
æóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: " æóÇáúÍóÇáõ Çáúíóæúãó ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö áöÇäúÊöÔóÇÑö ÇáØøõÑõÞö æóØõæáö ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóßóáóÇáö ÇáúÃóÝúåóÇãö ".
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó Úöáúãõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÃóËúÈóÊõ ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó íóäöÏøõ ßóãóÇ ÊóäöÏøõ ÇáúÅöÈöáõ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúßóÊúÈó áóåõ ÍõãóÇÉñ¡(3/38)
æóÇáúÃóÞúáóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÑõÚóÇÉñ.
æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: áóæúáóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ Ãóíøõ ÔóíúÁò ßõäøóÇ¿ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò: ßõáøõ ãóäú áóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ áóÇ íõÄúãóäõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÛóáóØõ.
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÞóÇáó: áóæúáóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÍóÝöÙúäóÇ. áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö ØõÑõÞðÇ ; ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó ÎóÇÕøñ ÈöæóÞúÊö äõÒõæáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÎóÔúíóÉó ÇáúÊöÈóÇÓöåö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÐúäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÎóÕøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ Çáäøóåúíó ÈöÍóíóÇÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: Çáäøóåúíõ áöÆóáøóÇ íõÊøóÎóÐó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ßöÊóÇÈñ íõÖóÇåóì Èöåö. íóÚúäöí: ÝóÍóíúËõ Ãõãöäó ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑõ ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÍõÝøóÇÙöåö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóäöíäó Èöåö æóÞõæøóÉö ãóáóßóÉö ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõãú áöÊóãúíöíÒöåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú.
Ãóæú Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó ÎóÇÕøñ ÈößöÊóÇÈóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò ; áöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúãóÚõæäó ÊóÃúæöíáóåõ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÊóÈõæåõ ãóÚóåõ. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóáóÚóáøó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó ÔóÇÐøðÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (ãóÇ áóÈöËõæÇ ÍóæúáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Çáúãõåöíäö) æóÇáúÅöÐúäõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÑöíÞöåöãóÇ.
Ãóæö Çáäøóåúíõ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ æóÇáúÅöÐúäõ äóÇÓöÎñ áóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóãúäö ãöäó ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóäóÍó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÔóÇåöíäò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÐúäó áöÃóÈöí ÔóÇåò ßóÇäó Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÇÓúÊõÙúåöÑó áöÐóáößó ÈöãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ãóßøóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÊõÈõæäó. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóåõæó ÃóÞúÑóÈõåóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞöíáó: Çáäøóåúíõ áöãóäú Êóãóßøóäó ãöäó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö. æóÇáúÅöÐúäõ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞöÕøóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÔóÇåò ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áóåõ áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÔúÚöÑóÉñ ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÞöíáó: Çáäøóåúíõ ÎóÇÕøñ Èöãóäú ÎõÔöíó ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇÊøößóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ïõæäó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö¡ æóÇáúÅöÐúäõ(3/39)
áöãóäú Ãõãöäó ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáöÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓóíõÑöíäó Ãóäøöåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóì ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÈóÃúÓðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÝöÙó ãóÍóÇåõ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÖóãúÑóÉó æóåöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÍóÓøóÇäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóÚóäú ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞóæúãõ íóßúÊõÈõæäó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúÝóÙõæäó¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÊóÈó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíóÍúÝóÙóåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÝöÙóåõ ãóÍóÇåõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÇÈúäõ ÕóáóÇÍò Úóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ßóÑöíãðÇ ÊóÊóáóÇÞóÇåõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ Ãóåúáöåö. Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ßóÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó æóÞúÝõåõ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö Èóáú ÞóÇáó(3/40)
ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ æõÌõæÈõåõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÎóÔöíó ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÊóÚóíøóäõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÈúáöíÛõ ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö: Åöäøóåõ ÊóÚóíøóäó Ýöí ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ æóÊóÍóÊøóãó. ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ: æóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÕöíÑó áóåõ ÊóÕóæøõÑñ æóáóÇ íóÍúÝóÙó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ:
áóíúÓó ÈöÚöáúãò ãóÇ Íóæóì ÇáúÞöãúØóÑõ ... ãóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÍóæóÇåõ ÇáÕøóÏúÑõ
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ:
ÇÓúÊóæúÏóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÞöÑúØóÇÓðÇ ÝóÖóíøóÚóåõ ... æóÈöÆúÓó ãõÓúÊóæúÏóÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÞóÑóÇØöíÓõ
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ËóÚúáóÈñ: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÝóÇßúÓóÑö ÇáúÞóáóãó.
æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú Ïóæøóäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóÈóÚóËó Èöåö Åöáóì ßõáøö ÃóÑúÖò áóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäñ¡ Ëõãøó ßóËõÑó ÇáÊøóÏúæöíäõ Ëõãøó ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝõ¡ æóÍóÕóáó ÈöÐóáößó ÎóíúÑñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ: íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúãóÑúÁö Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐó ßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóæóÞøóÚó Ãóäú íóÊóÑóÊøóÈó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ Ãóãú áóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÌúÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöíó ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙöåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöáóÐóÇÐóÉö äóÙúãöåö æóÅöíÌóÇÒöåö¡ æóÍõÓúäö ÊóÃúáöíÝöåö æóÅöÚúÌóÇÒöåö¡ æóßóãóÇáö(3/41)
ÈóáóÇÛóÇÊöåö¡ æóÍõÓúäö ÊóäóÇÓõÈö ÝóæóÇÕöáöåö æóÛóÇíóÇÊöåö¡ æóÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÈóÑøõßö Èöåö¡ æóØóáóÈö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÃõÌõæÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö.
[Íõßúãõ ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåö]
(561) æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÅöÚúÌóÇãõ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÚúÌóãú ... æóÔóßúáõ ãóÇ íõÔúßöáõ áóÇ ãóÇ íõÝúåóãú
(562) æóÞöíáó ßõáøõåõ áöÐöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ... æóÃóßøóÏõæÇ ãõáúÊóÈöÓó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö
(563) æóáúíóßõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æóÝöí ÇáúåóÇãöÔö ãóÚú ... ÊóÞúØöíÚöåö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝó Ýóåúæó ÃóäúÝóÚú
[Íõßúãõ ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÛóíúÑöåö] :
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: (æóíóäúÈóÛöí) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ ãõÊóÃóßøóÏðÇ¡ Èóáú ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò æóÚöíóÇÖò ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈó¡ æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ¡ áóßöäøó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú ÍóÝöÙó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúÎóØøö áöØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ æóãõÊóÚóáøóÞóÇÊõåõ ãóÚó ÕóÑúÝö ÇáúåöãøóÉö áöÖóÈúØö ãóÇ íõÍóÕøöáõåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö Ãóæú ÈöÎóØøö ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚóÉö ÖóÈúØðÇ íõÄúãóäõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓõ.
(ÅöÚúÌóÇãõ) Ãóíú: äóÞúØõ (ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÚúÌóãõ) ÈöÅöÛúÝóÇáö äóÞúØöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóÕöíÑõ Ýöíåö ÚõÌúãóÉñ ÈöÃóäú íõãóíøöÒó ÇáúÎóÇÁó ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ æóÇáÐøóÇáó ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉó ãöäó ÇáÏøóÇáö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö: ( «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöãöËúáö ÍóÕóì ÇáúÎóÐúÝö» ) ÝóíõÚúÌöãõ ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÁö æóÇáÐøóÇáö ÈöÇáäøóÞúØö æóßóÇáúäóÞöíÚö æóÇáúÈóÞöíÚö¡ ÝóíõãóíøöÒõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøõæäö ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö.
æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ íõÈóíøöäõ ÎóÈøóÇÈðÇ ãöäú ÌóäóÇÈò æóÍõÈóÇÈò¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÌóæúÒóÇÁö ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóæúÑóÇÁö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúÊóäö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÇÊøößóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙöåöãú¡ ßóÅöíÑóÇÏöåöãú(3/42)
ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÕúÑöíÍò ÈöÈóíóÇäöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí (ÃóÏóÈö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáÏøöíäö) áóåõ: ÇáúÎõØõæØõ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉõ ßóÇáúÈõÑõæÏö ÇáúãõÚóáøóãóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁö: ÑõÈøó Úöáúãò áóãú ÊõÚúÌóãú ÝõÕõæáõåõ ÇÓúÊõÚúÌöãó ãóÍúÕõæáõåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ Úóäú ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ãóÚúÈóÏò: äõæÑõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÌúãõ. æóßóÐóÇ íõÑúæóì ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: ÅöÚúÌóÇãõ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇÓúÊöÚúÌóÇãöåö. Èóáú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö " ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóæúÓò ÇáúÛóÓøóÇäöíøö ßóÇÊöÈö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈúÊõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ¡ ÇÑúÞõÔú ßöÊóÇÈóßó¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ßóÊóÈúÊõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ( «íóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ ÇÑúÞõÔú ßöÊóÇÈóßó» ) ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇ ÑóÞúÔõåõ íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÚúØóÇÁõ ßõáøö ÍóÑúÝò ãóÇ íóäõæÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúØö.(3/43)
(æó) ßóÐóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí (Ôóßúáõ ãóÇ íõÔúßöáõ) ÅöÚúÑóÇÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊõæäö æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÐóáößó íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú ÅöÔúßóÇáöåö.
(áóÇ ãóÇ íõÝúåóãõ) ÈöÏõæäö Ôóßúáò æóáóÇ äóÞúØò. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÊóÔóÇÛõáñ ÈöãóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÚóäóÇÁñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò íõÔúßöáõ ÇáúÍóÑúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó áóÇ.
æóßóÇäó ÚóÝøóÇäõ æóÈóåúÒñ æóÍóÈøóÇäõ Èúäõ åöáóÇáò ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóßúáö æóÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö¡ æóÍóßóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÓöãóÇÊö ÇáúÎóØøö æóÑõÞõæãöåö) Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóßúÑóåõæäó ÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇãó æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõáúÈöÓö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÙúáóÇãñ.
(æóÞöíáó) Èóáú íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÔøóßúáõ æóÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇãõ áöáúãóßúÊõæÈö (ßõáøõåõ) ÃóÔúßóáó Ãóãú áóÇ. æóÕóæøóÈóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ (áöÜ) ÃóÌúáö (Ðöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁò) Ýöí ÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö æóÇáúÚöáúãö ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúãõÄúÊóáöÝó æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝó æóÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÇáúãóÊúäö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ ÇáúãõÔúßöáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÕóæóÇÈó æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö áöáúßóáöãóÉö ãöäú ÎóØöÆöåö¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ æóÇÖöÍðÇ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúãò ãõÔúßöáðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÂÎóÑöíäó¡ ßóÇáúÚóÌóãö æóãóäú ÔóÇßóáóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ Úõãõæãõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÙõäøõ åõæó áöÈóÑóÇÚóÊöåö ÇáúãõÔúßöáó æóÇÖöÍðÇ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÏú íóÎúÝóì Úóäúåõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÈóÚúÏõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÊóåóÇæóäõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇËöÞõ ÈöÐöåúäöåö æóÊóíóÞøõÙöåö¡ æóÐóáößó æóÎöíãõ ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãõÚóÑøóÖñ áöáäøöÓúíóÇäö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøõ - æóßóÇäó íõßúËöÑõ ÇáÊøóÌúäöíÓó(3/44)
Ýöí ÔöÚúÑöåö -:
íóÇ ÃóÝóÖóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöÝúÖóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ... æóÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö
äóÓöíÊõ æóÚúÏóßó æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ ãõÛúÊóÝóÑñ ... ÝóÇÚúÐõÑú ÝóÃóæøóáõ äóÇÓò Ãóæøõáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÊóãøóÇãò: ÓõãøöíÊó ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ áöÃóäøóßó äóÇÓò.
æóãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÚóÌúãö æóÇáäøóÞúØö áößöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó ÇáúæóÖøóÇÍõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö¡ ÝóÞõÏøöãó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙö ÛóíúÑöåö áöÔöÏøóÉö ÅöÊúÞóÇäöåö æóÖóÈúØöåö áóåõ.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ - íóÞóÚõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí Íõßúãò ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò íóßõæäõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝðÇ Úóáóì ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíõÓúÃóáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí: ßóíúÝó ÖóÈúØõ åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¿ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ãõÊóÍóíøöÑðÇ áößóæúäöåö Ãóåúãóáóåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÌúÓõÑõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÈöÏõæäö ÈóÕöíÑóÉò æóíóÞöíäò ßóÞóæúáöåö: ( «ÐóßóÇÉõ ÇáúÌóäöíäö ÐóßóÇÉõ Ãõãøöåö» ) ÝóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó ÇáäøóÕúÈó áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåöãõ ÇáÊøóÐúßöíóÉó¡ æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó ÇáÑøóÝúÚó áöÅöÓúÞóÇØöåöãú ÐóßóÇÊóåõ.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó(3/45)
ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó æóÌøóåó ÇáäøóÕúÈó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: ( «áóÇ äõæÑóËõ¡ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúäóÇ ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» ) ÝóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ íóÑúæõæäóåõ ÈöÑóÝúÚö ÕóÏóÞóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó áóÇ íõæÑóËõæäó¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãöíøóÉõ íóÑúæõæäóåõ ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÑóËõ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßõæåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉð Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÇáößò æóÌøóåó ÇáäøóÕúÈó ÈöãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúäóÇ ãóÈúÐõæáñ ÕóÏóÞóÉð. ÝóÍóÐóÝó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó æóÈóÞöíó ÇáúÍóÇáõ ãöäúåõ.
æóäóÙöíÑõåõ: {æóäóÍúäõ ÚõÕúÈóÉñ} [íæÓÝ: 8] ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: ( «åõæó áóßó ÚóÈúÏõ Èúäó ÒóãúÚóÉó» ) ÝóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÍóÐúÝö ÍóÑúÝö ÇáäøöÏóÇÁö Èóíúäó " áóßó " æó " ÚóÈúÏò " æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÍóÐúÝöåö Èóíúäó " ÚóÈúÏò " æó " ÇÈúäò " ãóÚó Êóäúæöíäö " ÚóÈúÏò ".
æóäóÍúæõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃõÈóíøò ÇÈúäõ Óóáõæáó¡ Ýóáößóæúäö Óóáõæáó Ãõãøóåõ ; Åöäú áóãú íõËúÈöÊö(3/46)
ÇáúÃóáöÝó Ýöí ÇÈúäö Óóáõæáó æóíõäóæøöäú ÃõÈóíøðÇ íõÙóäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÏøõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÇáößò ÇÈúäõ ÈõÍóíúäóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãóÈúÓõæØðÇ Ýöíãóäú äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöíåö.
æóÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö æóÇáúãöÒøöíøö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÇ ãóÚó ÌóáóÇáóÊöåöãóÇ íóÖúÈöØóÇäö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÇáúæóÇÖöÍóÉó¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøó ÊóßóÑøóÑó áóåõ äóÞúØõ ÇáúÎóÇÁö ãöäú " ÃóäóÇ "¡ æóÇáúãöÒøöíøó ÞóÏú íõÓóßøöäõ Çáäøõæäó ãöäú " Úóäú "¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÊóßóáøõÝñ¡ æóÞóÏú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÈóÇáöÛõ Ýöí ÖóÈúØö ÇáúãõÊõæäö ; áöÃóäøó ÊóÛúíöíÑöåóÇ íõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú Ãóæú íõËúÈóÊó Íõßúãñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ ÈöÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞöåö.
(æó) áóßöäú (ÃóßøóÏõæÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (ãõáúÊóÈöÓó) ; Ãóíú: ÖóÈúØó ãõáúÊóÈöÓö (ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö) áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÚúÌóãöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈóÉõ áöÞöáøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóãóíøöÒöíäó ÝöíåóÇ. ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáäøóÌöíÑóãöíøõ: Ãóæúáóì ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÈöÇáÖøóÈúØö. ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ æóáóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ æóáóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ íóÏõáøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÑóÏøö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäú ÐóÇßó ÇáúãõáúÊóÈöÓö Ãóæú ÔóíúÎöåö ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÞóÏú íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöáúÚóÇáöãö Èöåö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäúåõ.
æóãöãøóäú ßóÇäó íóÍõÖøõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÈúØö ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó æóÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÚöíóÇÖñ. (æóáúíóßõ) ÈöÓõßõæäò ÇááøóÇãö ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöËúáó: {æóáúíõÄúãöäõæÇ Èöí} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 186] ÖóÈúØõåõ áöáúãõÔúßöáö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö (Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æó) ßóÐóÇ (Ýöí ÇáúåóÇãöÔö) ãõÞóÇÈöáóåõ(3/47)
ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÌóÑóì Úóáóíúåö ÑóÓúãõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÖøóÈúØö ; áöÃóäøó ÌóãúÚóåóÇ ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈóÇäóÉö æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöäó ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÏóÇÎóáóåõ äóÞúØñ Ãóæú Ôóßúáñ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ ÝóæúÞóåõ Ãóæú ÊóÍúÊóåõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÕõáõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáúÎóØøö æóÖöíÞö ÇáúÃóÓúØõÑö¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò.
æóíóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÈöÇáúåóÇãöÔö ãöäú Ðóáößó (ãóÚú ÊóÞúØöíÚöåö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝó) ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúßöáö (Ýóåúæó ÃóäúÝóÚú) æóÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÙúåöÑõ Ôóßúáó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÈößöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ßóÇáäøõæäö æóÇáúíóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÍúÊóÇäöíøóÉö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßõÊöÈóÊú ãõÌúÊóãöÚóÉð æóÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ Ãóæú æóÓóØöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍóÇ Èöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÖøóÈúØö.
äóÚóãú äóÞóáóåõ ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøõ Úóäú ÚöíóÇÖò¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Óóåúæñ Ãóæú ÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö " ÇáúÅöáúãóÇÚö " æóÞóÏú äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÊúÞöäöíäó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí " ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö ": æóãöäú ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÊúÞöäöíäó Ãóäú íõÈóÇáöÛõæÇ Ýöí ÅöíÖóÇÍö ÇáúãõÔúßöáö ÝóíõÝóÑøöÞõæÇ ÍõÑõæÝó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö æóíóÖúÈöØõæåóÇ ÍóÑúÝðÇ ÍóÑúÝðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÅöÔúßóÇáñ.
[ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ] :
æóãöãøóÇ íõäóÈøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÆóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÊøóíóÞøõÙõ áöãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÈúØö äóÞúØðÇ æóÔóßúáðÇ Ýöí ÎóØøö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎõØõæØöåöãú æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó(3/48)
Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÝóì¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõåõ ÇáúÍõÐøóÇÞõ¡ æóíóÇ ÝóÖöíÍóÉó ãóäö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÕóäöíÚóåõ ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÎúØöÆóÉö áöáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóËúäóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÝöíÓö ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúßóÑöíãó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÊóÌúÑöíÏõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇãö æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö ; áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÌóãöíÚóåóÇ ÒóæóÇÆöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÊúäö. æóÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ßóæúäö ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáúÎóØøö ÞóÏú ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓó ßóÇäó ÅöíÖóÇÍõåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÊöãøõ Èöåö ÇáÖøóÈúØõ.
[Íõßúãõ ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáúÎóØøö]
(564) æóíõßúÑóåõ ÇáúÎóØøõ ÇáÏøóÞöíÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ... áöÖöíÞö ÑóÞøò Ãóæú áöÑóÍøóÇáò ÝóáóÇ
(565) æóÔóÑøõåõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ æóÇáúãóÔúÞõ ßóãóÇ ... ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ åóÐúÑóãóÇ
[Íõßúãõ ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáúÎóØøö] : (æóíõßúÑóåõ) ßóÑóÇåóÉó ÊóäúÒöíåò (ÇáúÎóØøõ ÇáÏøóÞöíÞõ) Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÞöíÞõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ Èöåö áöãóäú íóÞóÚõ áóåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãöãøóäú íóßõæäõ ÖóÚöíÝó ÇáúÈóÕóÑö Ãóæú ÖóÚöíÝó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÎúÑóÇÌö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ãóæú ÈóÚöíÏñ¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÚöíÔõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ äóÝúÓõåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÖúÚõÝó ÈóÕóÑõåõ¡ æóáöÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ íóÍúßöí Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÎóØøó ÇáÏøóÞöíÞó ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóÕöíÑó ÇáúÃóãóáö áóÇ íõÄóãøöáõ Ãóäú íóÚöíÔó ØóæöíáðÇ. æóÃóÞõæáõ: Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Øóæöíáó ÇáúÃóãóáö ÍóíúËõ ÊóÑóÌøóì ãöäú ÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö Ãóäøóåõ æóáóæú ÚóãøóÑó áóÇ íóÔõÞøõ Úóáóíúåö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÎóØøö ÇáÏøóÞöíÞö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÑöíóÇÖóÉð áöáúÈóÕóÑö æóÊóÏúãöíäðÇ áóåõ ßóãóÇ íõÑóÇÖõ ßõáøõ ÚõÖúæò ãöäú ÃóÚúÖóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÏóäö ÈöãóÇ íóÎõÕøõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó æóÃóÏúãóäó Úóáóì ÓöæóÇåõ íóÕúÚõÈõ Úóáóíúåö ãõÚóÇäóÇÊõåõ¡ ßóãóäú íóÊúÑõßõ ÇáúãóÔúíó Ãóæú áóÇ íóÔóãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÑøóæóÇÆöÍó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÔõÞøõ Úóáóíúåö ßõáøõ ãóäú ÊóÚóÇØóì ÇáúãóÔúíó æóÔóãøó ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉó ÇáúßóÑöíåóÉó ãóÔóÞøóÉð ÔóÏöíÏóÉð ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÇÏóåõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ.
æóáóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ áöÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÞóÏøõãöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙóÇäö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö æóÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãöäó(3/49)
ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÕøõæÑöíøõ ßóÊóÈó " ÕóÍöíÍó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö " æó " ãõÓúáöãò " Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò áóØöíÝò æóÈöíÚó ÈöÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ ÝóÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉõ ÈöÐóáößó åöíó ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò áöÇÈúäö Úóãøöåö ÍóäúÈóáö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÑóÂåõ íóßúÊõÈõ ÎóØøðÇ ÏóÞöíÞðÇ: áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÎõæäõßó ÃóÍúæóÌó ãóÇ Êóßõæäõ Åöáóíúåö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö "¡ æóÓóÇÞó Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóßöíãóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝó ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÝóíóãõÑøõ ÈöäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÝóíóÞõæãõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃóÌúáö Þóáóãóßó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóØóØúÊõ ãöäúåõ Ëõãøó ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ äóæøöÑõæÇ ãóÇ äóæøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó.
(ÅöáøóÇ) Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÏöÞøóÉõ ÇáúÎóØøö (áöÜ) ÚõÐúÑò ßóÜ (ÖöíÞö ÑóÞøò) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓõ ÇáøóÐöí íõßúÊóÈõ Ýöíåö¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúßóÇÛöÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ. ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ áóÇ íóÌöÏõ Ëóãóäóåõ Ãóæú íóÌöÏõ ÇáËøóãóäó æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ÇáÑøóÞøó¡ (Ãóæú áöÑóÍøóÇáò) ãõÓóÇÝöÑò Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö íõÑöíÏõ Íóãúáó ßõÊõÈöåö ãóÚóåõ ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÅöãøóÇ áöÝóÞúÑöåö Ãóæú áößóæúäöåö ÃóÖúÈóØó¡ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÎóÝöíÝóÉó ÇáúÍóãúáö.
ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÛöíóÇäöíøõ: ßõäúÊõ ÃóãúÔöí ÈöãöÕúÑó æóÝöí ßõãøöí ãöÇÆóÉõ ÌõÒúÁò ãöäú ßõáøö ÌõÒúÁò ÃóáúÝõ ÍóÏöíËò. (ÝóáóÇ) ßóÑóÇåóÉó ÍóíúËõ(3/50)
ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÞöíÑðÇ ÑóÍøóÇáðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÑøóÍøóÇáöíäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ íóÌúÊóãöÚõ Ýöí ÍóÇáöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÊóÇäö ÇááøóÊóÇäö íóÞõæãõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÞöíÞö ÇáúÎóØøö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÑõæÒúÈóÉó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ ÎóØøðÇ ÏóÞöíÞðÇ ÍóíúËõ Þöíáó áóåõ: áöãó ÊóÝúÚóáõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áöÞöáøóÉö ÇáúæóÑóÞö æóÇáúæóÑöÞö¡ æóÎöÝøóÉö ÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÚõäõÞö.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÈóáóÛóäöí Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÎóØøðÇ ÏóÞöíÞðÇ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÎóØøõ ãóäú áóÇ íõæÞöäó ÈöÇáúÎóáóÝö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÏóÇÚöíóÉó ÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÑóÞö ÃóáúÌóÃóÊúåõ áöÐóáößó ; ÅöÐú áóæú ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÓúÊóÎúáóÝñ áóæóÓøóÚó.
[ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÎóØøö æóÇáúãóÔúÞö] :
(æóÔóÑøõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÎóØøö (ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ) æóåõæó ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó: ÎóáúØõ ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÈóÛöí ÊóÝúÑöÞóÊõåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐúåóÇÈõ ÃóÓúäóÇäö ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÃóÓúäóÇäöåö¡ æóØóãúÓõ ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ÈóíóÇÖöåö.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÇáúãóÔúÞõ) ÈöÝóÊúÍö Ãóæøóáöåö æóÅöÓúßóÇäö ËóÇäöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöÝøóÉõ ÇáúíóÏö æóÅöÑúÓóÇáõåóÇ ãóÚó ÈóÚúËóÑóÉö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö æóÚóÏóãö ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÃóÓúäóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ íóÍúßöí Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áöãóäú íóÑóÇåõ íóßúÊõÈõ ßóÐóáößó: ÊóßúÊõÈõæäó ÊóãúÔõÞõæäó ÊõÖóíøöÚõæäó ÇáúßóÇÛöÏó. ÝóíóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÃóÓúäóÇäö¡ æóíóÎúÊóÕøõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÈöÎóáúØö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö æóÖóãøöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÔúÞõ ÈöÈóÚúËóÑóÊöåóÇ æóÅöíÖóÇÍöåóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáúÞóÇäõæäö ÇáúãóÃúáõæÝö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö: ãóÝúÓóÏóÉñ áöÎóØøö ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöí¡ æóÏóÇáøñ Úóáóì ÊóåóÇæõäö ÇáúãõäúÊóåöí ÈöãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ. ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõæäó ÇáúãóÔúÞó æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó æóÅöÛúÝóÇáó ÇáÔøóßúáö æóÇáäøóÞúØö Ýöí ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÇÊö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí " ÃóÏóÈö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ": æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäñ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áöÝóÑúØö(3/51)
ÅöÏúáóÇáöåöãú ÈöÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö æóÊóÞóÏøõãöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö íóßúÊóÝõæäó ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö æóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóáúæöíÍö¡ æóíóÑóæúäó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÔõÑõæØö ÇáúÅöÈóÇäóÉö ÊóÞúÕöíÑðÇ.
ÞóÇáó: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãõÓúÊóÞúÈóÍðÇ (ßóãóÇ) Ãóäøóåõ (ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÅöÐóÇ (åóÐúÑóãóÇ) ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ; Ãóíú: ÃóÓúÑóÚó ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÎúÝóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ.
ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÏõÑõÓúÊõæóíúåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ÇáÏøóíúäóæóÑöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÔóÑøõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãóÔúÞõ¡ æóÔóÑøõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúåóÐúÑóãóÉõ¡ æóÃóÌúæóÏõ ÇáúÎóØøö ÃóÈúíóäõåõ ".
æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: " ÇáúÎóØøõ ÚóáóÇãóÉñ¡ ÝóßõáøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈúíóäó ßóÇäó ÃóÍúÓóäó " æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÞóÇáó: æóÒúäõ ÇáúÎóØøö æóÒúäõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö¡ ÃóÌúæóÏõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÃóÈúíóäõåóÇ¡ æóÃóÌúæóÏõ ÇáúÎóØøö ÃóÈúíóäõåõ.
[ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÎóØøö æóÊóÍúÓöíäõåõ] :
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ áóåõ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÎóØøö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íõãóíøöÒó ßõáøó ÍóÑúÝò ÈöÕõæÑóÊöåö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒóÉö áóåõ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÈöåõ ÇáúÚóíúäõ ÇáúãóæúÕõæáóÉõ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúÞóÇÝö¡ æóÇáúãóÝúÕõæáóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúÎóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áößóÇÊöÈöåö: " ÃóØöáú ÌöáúÝóÉó Þóáóãößó¡ æóÃóÓúãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÃóíúãöäú ÞöØøóÊóßó æóÍóÑøöÝúåóÇ¡ æóÃóÓúãöÚúäöí Øóäöíäó Çáäøõæäö¡ æóÎóÑöíÑó ÇáúÎóÇÁö¡ ÃóÓúãöäö ÇáÕøóÇÏó¡ æóÚóÑøöÌö ÇáúÚóíúäó¡ æóÇÔúÞõÞö ÇáúßóÇÝó¡ æóÚóÙøöãö ÇáúÝóÇÁó¡ æóÑóÊøöáö ÇááøóÇãó¡ æóÇÓúáõÓö ÇáúÈóÇÁó æóÇáÊøóÇÁó æóÇáËøóÇÁó¡ æóÃóÞöãö(3/52)
ÇáúæóÇæó Úóáóì ÐóäóÈöåóÇ æóÇÌúÚóáú Þóáóãóßó ÎóáúÝó ÃõÐõäößó Ýóåõæó ÃóÌúæóÏõ áóßó " ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäú íóÕúÑöÝó Òóãóäóåõ Ýöí ãóÒöíÏö ÊóÍúÓöíäöåö æóãóáóÇÍóÉö äóÙúãöåö¡ áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÛóÑóÖö ÈöÏõæäöåö¡ Èóáö ÇáÒøóãóäõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÕúÑöÝõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó íóÔúÊóÛöáõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÑóÏóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÎóØøö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö ÈöÞóÇÏöÍóÉò¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáúÚóáøóÇãóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøóÇäöíøö ÇáÔøöåóÇÈö ÇáúÍöäøóÇæöíøö Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÑóÂåõ íõáóÇÒöãõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõãö ÕöäóÇÚóÊöåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÑóÇßó ÍóÓóäó ÇáúÝóåúãö¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈöáú Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÏóÚú Úóäúßó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇíóÊóßó Ýöíåö Ãóäú ÊóÕöáó áöÔóíúÎößó¡ æóåõæó - ßóãóÇ ÊóÑóì - ãõÚóáøöãõ ßöÊóÇÈò¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóæúÔóßó Åöäö ÇÔúÊóÛóáúÊó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÊóÓõæÏõ Ýöí ÃóÓúÑóÚö æóÞúÊò. ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ãóÚó ÈóÑóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáúÈóÏúÑó ÇáúÈóÔúÊóßöíøó ÚöäúÏó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö¡ æóÑóÃóì ÞõæøóÉó ÚóÕóÈöåö æóÓõÑúÚóÉó ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ÝóÓóÃóáóåõ: ßóãú ÊóßúÊõÈõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ßõáøó íóæúãò¿ ÝóÐóßóÑó áóåõ ÚöÏøóÉó ßóÑóÇÑöíÓó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇáúÒóãú åóÐóÇ¡ æóÇÊúÑõßú Úóäúßó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáó ÈöÞóÇäõæäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó æóáóæö ÇÑúÊóÞóíúÊó áóÇ ÊóäúåóÖõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÈöãóÇ ÊõÍóÕøöáõåõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈóÊößó ÇáúÂäó. ÝóÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÚóáøõãö ÝóÝóÇÞó Ýöí ÓõÑúÚóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö.(3/53)
æóãóÍóáøõ ãóÇ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÑóÖö ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÍóáøõ ãóÇ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö¡ ãöäú ÝóÕóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ: ÍõÓúäõ ÇáúÎóØøö ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÊóíúäö. æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö:
ÇÚúÐõÑú ÃóÎóÇßó Úóáóì ÑóÏóÇÁóÉö ÎóØøöåö ... æóÇÛúÝöÑú ÑóÏóÇÁóÊóåõ áöÌóæúÏóÉö ÖóÈúØöåö
æóÇáúÎóØøõ áóíúÓó íõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú ÊóÚúÙöíãöåö ... æóäöÙóÇãöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÓóãúØöåö
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÈóÇäó Úóäö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÎóØøõåõ ... ßóÇäóÊú ãóáóÇÍóÊóåõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÔóÑúØöåö
æóáúíóÊóÌóäøóÈúåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊóÊö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉõ Èöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍöÈúÑö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúãöÏóÇÏö¡ Èóáú æóãöäú ãóÇÁö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóËúÈóÊõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö: Åöäøó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÈöÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö ÔöÚóÇÑõ ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö æóÇáúãóÌõæÓö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÍöÈúÑõ ÈóÑøóÇÞðÇ ÌóÇÑöíðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓõ äóÞöíøðÇ ÕóÇÝöíðÇ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÞóáóãõ ÕõáúÈðÇ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌúÑöí ÈöÓõÑúÚóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÎúæðÇ ÌöÏøðÇ ÝóíóÍúÝóì ÓóÑöíÚðÇ¡ æóáúíóßõäú ÃóãúáóÓó ÇáúÚõæÏö ãõÒóÇáó ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóáóãó ÇáøóÐöí ÈöÂÎöÑöåö ÚõÞúÏóÉñ íõæÑöËõ ÇáúÝóÞúÑó. ÍóßóÇåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÅöÑúÈóáó " Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóÇÓöÚó ÇáúÝóÊúÍóÉö¡ Øóæöíáó ÇáúÌöáúÝóÉö¡ ãõÍóÑøóÝó ÇáúÞöØøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÃóíúãóäö Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöãøóäú ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ(3/54)
ÈöÇáúãõÏóæøóÑö¡ æóãóÇ íõÞóØøõ Úóáóíúåö ÕõáúÈðÇ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóíõÍúãóÏõ ÇáúÞóÕóÈõ ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøõ æóÎóÔóÈõ ÇáúÂÈóäõæÓö ÇáäøóÇÚöãö¡ æóÓößøöíäõ Þóáóãöåö ÃóÍóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõæÓóì¡ ÕóÇÝöíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö. ßóãóÇ Èóíøóäó ÃóßúËóÑóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö ".
æóáóÇ íóÊóæóÑøóÚõ Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö ãöäú ãóÍúÈóÑóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÐúäöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú Úóáöãó ÚóÏóãó ÑöÖóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÃóäúãóÇØöíøõ ãöÑúÈóÚñ: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÈóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ãóÍúÈóÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäúÊõåõ Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõÈó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ÇßúÊõÈú íóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ æóÑóÚñ ãõÙúáöãñ.
æóáöÃóÌúáö ÇáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö áöÖóÈúØö ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ Þöíáó: ãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓó ÈöáóÇ ãóÍúÈóÑóÉò ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÚóÑøóÖó áöáúßõÏúíóÉö.
æóÚäö ÇáúãõÈóÑøöÏö ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙó íóßúÊõÈõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÈóÓøóãó ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ãóÇ íõÖúÍößõßó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓõ ÕóÇÝöíðÇ¡ æóÇáúãöÏóÇÏõ äóÇãöíðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóáóãõ ãõæóÇÊöíðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóáúÈõ ÎóÇáöíðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ Úóáóíúßó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÛóÇäöíðÇ.
æóßóãóÇ íõåúÊóãøõ ÈöÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö - ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇäúÌóÑøó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ - ÈöÇáäøóÞúØö - ßóÐöáößó íõåúÊóãøõ ÈöÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÌóáöíøöåóÇ æóÎóÝöíøöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÎóÝöíøöåóÇ ÝóÞóØú ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÖóÍó åõäóÇßó ÈöÚóáóÇãóÉò áöáúÅöåúãóÇáö ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÅöÚúÌóÇãöåóÇ ; ÅöÐú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÅöÛúÝóÇáöåö ÎóáúØñ.
ßóãóÇ íõÍúßóì Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÃóãóÑó ÚóÇãöáðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÑöÓóÇáóÉò Ãóäú íõÍúÕöíó ãóäú ÞöÈóáóåõ ãöäó(3/55)
ÇáúãõÎóäøóËöíäó æóíóÃúãõÑóåõãú ÈößöíÊó æóßöíÊó¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ÝóÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÐóáößó¡ Åöáóì Ãóäú æóÞóÝó Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö.
[ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉ]
(566) æóíõäúÞóØõ Çáúãõåúãóáõ áóÇ ÇáúÍóÇ ÃóÓúÝóáóÇ ... Ãóæú ßóÊúÈõ ÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÊóÍúÊõ ãóËóáóÇ
(567) Ãóæú ÝóæúÞóåõ ÞõáóÇãóÉð ÃóÞúæóÇáõ ... æóÇáúÈóÚúÖõ äóÞúØó ÇáÓøöíäö ÕóÝøðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ
(568) æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÎõØøõ ÝóæúÞó Çáúãõåúãóáú ... æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóÇáúåóãúÒö ÊóÍúÊõ íóÌúÚóáú
[ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉ] :
(æóíõäúÞóØõ) ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ (Çáúãõåúãóáõ) ßóÇáÏøóÇáö æóÇáÑøóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÇÏö æóÇáØøóÇÁö æóÇáúÚóíúäö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ (áóÇ ÇáúÍóÇ) ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö¡ ÈöãóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúãõÔóÇßöáö áóåõ (ÃóÓúÝóáóÇ) Ãóíú: ÃóÓúÝóáó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö Çáúãõåúãóáö¡ æóáóãú íõÕóÑøöÍö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò ÈöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁð ÈöÇáúÚöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóåöíó ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö¡ ÝóãóÊóì ßóÇäó ãõæÞöÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö áóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ.
æóÇáúÍóÇÁõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáóÊú äõÞúØóÉó ÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉó ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ ÇáúÊóÈóÓóÊú ÈöÇáúÌöíãö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÚóáóÇãóÉñ¡ æóíõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøö: ÎóÑóÌó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " ÝóæúÞó " ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÞúØõ ÊóÍúÊõ ÝóáóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúÍóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú äõÞöØóÊú ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ áóÇáúÊóÈóÓóÊú ÈöÇáúÌöíãö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÍóÇÁö áöæõÖõæÍöåóÇ.
æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍõ ÈöÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: æóÓóÈöíáõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÖóÈúØöåóÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ. íóÚúäöí: Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÓúáõßõ åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóãóÇ áöÈóÚúÖö(3/56)
Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓö ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ßóÊúÈõ) Ãóíú: íóßúÊõÈõ äóÙóíúÑó (ÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö) Çáúãõåúãóáö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáö Ãóæö ÇáúãõäúÝóÕöáö (ÊóÍúÊõ) ; Ãóíú: ÊóÍúÊóåõ (ãóËóáóÇ) ÈöÝóÊúÍóÊóíúäö ; Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁð ßóÇäó ÔóÈöíåðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö æóÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáö æóÝöí ÇáúÞóÏúÑö Ãóæú áóÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ßóæúäóåõ ÃóÕúÛóÑõ ãöäúåõ æóãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ ÃóäúÓóÈõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: íõßúÊóÈõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÍóÇÁñ ãõÝúÑóÏóÉñ ÕóÛöíÑóÉñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ íõßúÊóÈõ ÊóÍúÊó ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáÏøóÇáö æóÇáÕøóÇÏö æóÇáØøóÇÁö æóÇáÓøöíäö æóÇáúÚóíúäö ÕöÝóÊõåóÇ ÕóÛöíÑóÉð.
(Ãóæú) íõÌúÚóáõ (ÝóæúÞóåõ) ; Ãóíö: Çáúãõåúãóáö (ÞõáóÇãóÉð) ßóÞõáóÇãóÉö ÇáÙøõÝúÑö ãõÖúÌóÚóÉñ Úóáóì ÞóÝóÇåóÇ áöÊóßõæäó ÝóÑúÌóÊõåóÇ Åöáóì ÝóæúÞó¡ æóáöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó ÝóÞóØú ãõËøöáóÊú ÈöÇáúÞõáóÇãóÉö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏõ Ýöí ÎóØøö ßóËöíÑöíäó áóÇ íõÔóÇÈöåõåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ Èóáú åöíó ãõäúÌóãöÚóÉñ áóÇ åóßóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáöåóÇ.
(ÃóÞúæóÇáõ) ËóáóÇËóÉñ æóÃóæøóáõåóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÞúØõ ãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáó ßóåóíúÆóÊöåö ãöäú ÝóæúÞõ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÓøöíäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ßóÇáúÃóËóÇÝöíøö¡ æóåöíó ÈöÇáúãõËóáøóËóÉö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáÊøóÍúÊóÇäöíøóÉö æóÞóÏú ÊõÎóÝøóÝõ - ãóÇ íõæÖóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞöÏúÑõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò æóÍöÌóÇÑóÉò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈó æóÇáúÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäö ÇááøóÈúÓö ÞóáúÈõåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáäøõÞúØóÊóÇäö ÇáúãõÍóÇÐöíóÊóÇäö áöáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ãöäú ÝóæúÞõ ãõÍóÇÐöíóÊóíúäö áöáúãõåúãóáóÉö ãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáó.
æó (ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ) ãöãøóäö ÇÕúØóáóÍó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÞúØö (äóÞúØó ÇáÓøöíäö ÕóÝøðÇ) æóÇÍöÏðÇ íõÕóÝøõ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ (ÞóÇáõæÇ) Ãóíú: ÞóÇáõæåõ áöÆóáøóÇ ÊóÒúÏóÍöãó ÇáäøõÞúØóÉõ Ãóæö ÇáäøõÞúØóÊóÇäö ãóÚó ãóÇ íõÍóÇÐöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóØúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåóÇ ÝóíõÙúáöãõ¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö áóÈúÓñ (æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú(3/57)
íóÎõØøõ ÝóæúÞó) ÇáúÍóÑúÝö (Çáúãõåúãóáö) ÎóØøðÇ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÐóáößó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö æóáóÇ íóÝúØöäõ áóåõ ßóËöíÑõæäó. íóÚúäöí: áößóæúäöåö ÎóÝöíøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÔóÇÆöÚò¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóÈóåó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ãõÛúáöØóÇÆöíøö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøö ÍóíúËõ Êóæóåøóãóåõ ÝóÊúÍóÉð áöÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÅöÐú ÞóÑóÃó: " ÑóÖúæóÇäõ " ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÝóÊúÍóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉó ÇáúÅöåúãóÇáö¡ æóßóÐóÇ æóÞóÝó Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö áöáúãõåúãóáö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö.
(æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú) æóåõæó ØóÑöíÞñ ÎóÇãöÓñ Ãóæú ÓóÇÏöÓñ (ßóÇáúåóãúÒö ÊóÍúÊõ) ; Ãóíú: ÊóÍúÊó Çáúãõåúãóáö (íóÌúÚóáõ) ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÚöíóÇÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ÊóÍúÊó Çáúãõåúãóáö Úóáóì ãöËóÇáö ÇáäøóÈúÑóÉö æóåöíó - ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÓöíÏóåú - ÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ¡ Èóáú Íóßóì ÚöíóÇÖñ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞóÉö Ãóäøóåõ íóÌúÚóáõ ÝóæúÞó Çáúãõåúãóáö ÎóØøðÇ ÕóÛöíÑðÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ÇáäøóÈúÑóÉó¡ æóíõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóÇÏöÓðÇ Ãóæú ÓóÇÈöÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóÏøóÏó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ(3/58)
Ãóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÎóØøö Ãóæú Úóíúäõåõ¿ æóæóÌóÏúÊõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÓóÇÈöÚðÇ Ãóæú ËóÇãöäðÇ.
ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö " ãöäú ØöÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÅöÏúÑöíÓó íóÞõæáõ: ßóÊóÈúÊõ - íóÚúäöí Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó - ÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóæúÑóÇÁö - íóÚúäöí Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÎöÝúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÕóÍøöÝó Ýöíåö ÝóÃóÞõæáó: ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÌóæúÒóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÌöíãö æóÇáÒøóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõ ÊóÍúÊóåõ: ÍõæÑõ Úöíäò.
æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÛóÓøóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÊóÈõæÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÈúØö ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ßóÇãöáóÉò ÏóÇáøóÉò Úóáóíúåö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ÑóÏøõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö: íõÓóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÐõÚúáõæÞò - ÈöÇáúíóÇÁö - ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ä æóÇáúÞóáóãö} [ÇáÞáã: 1] .
æóæóÑóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃõÓúáõæÈõ ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøõ áóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÅöÎúáóÇÄõåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏöíøóÉö áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ØóÑöíÞõ ãóäú áóãú íóÓúáõßú ÌóÇäöÈó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÙúåóÇÑö¡ æóåõæó ØóáóÈõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáÙøõåõæÑö áöÃóÌúáö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáÔøóíúÁö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóäö ÇÕúØóáóÍó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö Úóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö áöÃóäøóåõ íõæÞöÚõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉö æóÇááøóÈúÓö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ãõÑóÇÏöåö Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ýöí " ÑöÖúæóÇäó ".(3/59)
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóáóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÝóßóÇäó ßóÇÊöÈõåõ íóÚúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝö ÚóáóÇãóÉð ÔóÈöíåóÉð ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõßúÊóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÏóáóÇáóÉð Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äõÓúÎóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ íõÓóÇÚöÏõ Úóáóì ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ äõÓúÎóÉñ¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑóÇÛö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÊóÈóíøóäó áöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍõåõ ÝóÇÍúÊóÌúÊõ Åöáóì ÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÑõÈøó ÚóáóÇãóÉò ÃóÍúæóÌóÊú Åöáóì ÚóáóÇãóÉò ÍóÊøóì áöÝóÇÚöáöåóÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈöÇÕúØöáóÇÍò ÛóíúÑö ãóÃúáõæÝò.
[ÑõãõæÒõ ÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö æóÍõßúãóåóÇ]
(569) æóÅöäú ÃóÊóì ÈöÑóãúÒö ÑóÇæò ãóíøóÒóÇ ... ãõÑóÇÏóåõ æóÇÎúÊöíÑó ÃóáøóÇ íóÑúãõÒóÇ
(570) æóÊóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉõ ÝóÕúáðÇ æóÇÑúÊóÖóì ... ÅöÛúÝóÇáóåóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÍóÊøóì íõÚúÑóÖóÇ
(571) æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÝóÕúáó ãõÖóÇÝö ÇÓúãö Çááøóåú ... ãöäúåõ ÈöÓóØúÑò Åöäú íõäóÇÝö ãóÇ ÊóáóÇåú
[ÑõãõæÒõ ÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö æóÍõßúãóåóÇ] :
(æóÅöäú ÃóÊóì ÈöÑóãúÒö ÑóÇæò) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÌóãóÚó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÂÊöíóÉö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉò ãóÚúÞõæÏóÉò áöÐóáößó Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÊøóÕóáó áóåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãóËóáðÇ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÑóÈúÑöíøö¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãóÚúÞöáò ÇáäøóÓóÝöíøö¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÔóÇßöÑò ÇáäøóÓóæöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÈóÒúÏóæöíøö¡ ßõáøõåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöÃóäú ÌóÚóáó áöáúÝóÑóÈúÑöíøö ãóËóáðÇ (Ý) æóáöáäøóÓóÝöíøö (Ó) æóáöÍóãøóÇÏò (Íó) æóáöáúÈóÒúÏóæöíøö (Ø) Ãóæú áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈöÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö æóáóÂÎóÑó ÈöÇáúÎõÖúÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóáóãú íõÝúÕöÍú ÈöÐößúÑö(3/60)
ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ÅöíËóÇÑðÇ áöáÊøóÎúÝöíÝö ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóßóÑøóÑõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑõæÇ: ËóäóÇ æóÃóäóÇ æóäóÍúæóåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇÈúÊóßóÑó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ Ýöí Çáúãõåúãóáö (ãóíøóÒóÇ ãõÑóÇÏóåõ) ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáÑøõãõæÒö æóÇáúÚóáóÇãóÇÊö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæú ÂÎöÑöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÝöí ßõáøö ãõÌóáøóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ßõáøñ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÅöÐú ÑóÞóãó áößõáøò ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöíøö æóÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÓøóÑóÎúÓöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúåóíúËóãö ÇáúßõÔúãöíåóäöíøö.
æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Çáúíõæäöíäöíøö ÅöÐú ÑóÞóãó áöáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú áóåõ¡ Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöãøóäú Èóíøóäó ÇáÑøóãúÒó Ãóæö ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÇÊö¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÞóÇÈöÓöíøõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóßúËõÑõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÉó ßõáøöåöãú ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãõÔöÞøñ¡ æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøõãõæÒö ÃóÎúÕóÑõ.
(æó) ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö (ÇÎúÊöíÑó ÃóáøóÇ íóÑúãõÒó) áóåõ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÍõÑõæÝöåö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íõÌúÊóäóÈó ÇáÑøóãúÒõ æóíõßúÊóÈó ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÇÓúãõ ÑóÇæöíåóÇ ÈößóãóÇáöåö ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ. íóÚúäöí: ÈöÏõæäö ÒóÇÆöÏò Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑóÈúÑöíøö(3/61)
ãóËóáðÇ: ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó. Èóáú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑóÈúÑöíøö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÇáøóÐöí íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÔóÇÚó æóÚõÑöÝó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö äóÞúÕö ÇáúÃóÌúÑö áöäóÞúÕö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ãóÚó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóãúÒö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö: æóåõæó - Ãóíö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäõ Èöåö ÈößóãóÇáöåö - Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÑúÝóÚõ áöáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö. ÞóÏú íõæóÌøóåõ Èößóæúäö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåö Ýöí ÇáÑøóãúÒö ÞóÏú ÊóÓúÞõØõ Èöåö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉõ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏõ ÝóíóÊóÍóíøóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ãõÈúÊóÏöÆò æóäóÍúæöåö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÍóáøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÑøóãúÒõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ ÃóãøóÇ åõæó¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ Ýöí " ÊóåúÐöíÈöåö " æóÇáÔøóÇØöÈöíøõ¡ æóÃóãúÑõåõ Ýöíåö ÈóÏöíÚñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóãóáó ÈóíúÊñ ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóãúÒö áöÓöÊøóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÔóíúÎðÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚö ÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊò ÈöÇáúãóäúØõæÞö.
[ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö] (æóíóäúÈóÛöí) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÊóãóÇãö ÇáÖøóÈúØö (ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉõ) æóåöíó ÍóáúÞóÉñ ãõäúÝóÑöÌóÉñ Ãóæú ãõØúÈóÞóÉñ (ÝóÕúáðÇ) Ãóíú: áöáúÝóÕúáö ÈöåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö æóÊóãúíöíÒö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áöÆóáøóÇ íóÍúÕõáó ÇáÊøóÏóÇÎõáõ.
íóÚúäöí ÈöÃóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÚóÌõÒõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ýöí ÕóÏúÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóæö ÇáúÚóßúÓõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÌóÑøóÏóÊö ÇáúãõÊõæäõ Úóäú ÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåóÇ æóÚóäú ÕóÍóÇÈóÊöåóÇ¡ ßóÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÔøöåóÇÈö æóÇáäøóÌúãö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö(3/62)
æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÈöÂÎöÑöåö ãöäú ÅöíÖóÇÍò áöÛóÑöíÈò æóÔóÑúÍò áöãóÚúäðì æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÛúÝóÇáõåõ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇÌö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì.
æóãöãøóäú ÌóÇÁó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÝóÕúáõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö ÈöÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö ; ÝóÑóæóì ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Ãóäøó ßöÊóÇÈó ÃóÈöíåö ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó. æóÍóßóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ Èóáú æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÂåóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÎóØøöåö. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Èóáú íóÊúÑõßõ ÈóÞöíøóÉó ÇáÓøóØúÑö ÈóíóÇÖðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑóÇÌöãö æóÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóäúÝóÚó Ðóáößó.
(æóÇÑúÊóÖóì) Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö (ÅöÛúÝóÇáóåóÇ) Ãóíú: ÊóÑúßó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúØö ÈöÍóíúËõ Êóßõæäõ ÛõÝúáðÇ - ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúÝóÇÁö - áóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ (ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ) ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö " (ÍóÊøóì) ; Ãóíú: Åöáóì Ãóäú (íõÚúÑóÖóÇ) ; Ãóíú: íõÞóÇÈóáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö æóäóÍúæöåö Íöíäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóßõáøóãóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú ÚóÑúÖö ÍóÏöíËò íóäúÞõØõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Êóáöíåö äõÞúØóÉð¡ Ãóæú íóÎõØøõ Ýöí æóÓóØöåóÇ ÎóØøðÇ ; íóÚúäöí: ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí Ôóßøò: åóáú ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ Ãóæú ÓóåóÇ ÝóÊóÌóÇæóÒóåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Íöíäó íõÎóÇáóÝõ Ýöíåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÑóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ; íóÚúäöí: ÏóÇÑóÉð¡ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò æóãóÑøóÊóíúäö æóæóÇÍöÏóÉð ÃóÞóáøóåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÃóíúÔö ÊóÕúäóÚõ ÈöåóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÚóÑøöÝõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóäöí ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò.(3/63)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö áóÇ íóÚúÊóÏøõ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó Ãóæú Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÛõäúÏóÑñ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Óóáöíãó ÇáäøóÇÍöíóÉö¡ æóßõáøõ ÍóÏöíËò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó áóíúÓóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÚóáóÇãóÉõ (Ú) áóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö: ËóäóÇ ; áößóæúäöåö áóãú íóÚúÑöÖúåõ Úóáóì ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉó Ýöíåö äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉò. æóÓóÇÞó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
[Íõßúãõ ÝóÕúáö ãõÖóÇÝö ÃóÓúãóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÕóÍúÈöåö] :
(æóßóÑöåõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö (ÝóÕúáó ãõÖóÇÝö ÇÓúãö Çááøóåö) ßóÚóÈúÏò (ãöäúåõ) Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúßóÑöíãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÏó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóØúÑò¡ æóÇááøóåõ Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÝõáóÇäò ãóËóáðÇ (Èö) Ãóæøóáò (ÓóØúÑò) ÂÎóÑó¡ ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒðÇ Úóäú ÞóÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÕõæÏò.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ áöáÊøóäúÒöíåö¡ æóÅöäú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí " ÌóÇãöÚöåö " ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈóØøóÉó ÇáúÚõßúÈóÑöíøö - ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö æóäöÓúÈóÊöåö - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö - íóÚúäöí - ãóäú áóÇ íóÊóÌóäøóÈõåõ Ãóæú åõæó ÛóáóØñ - Ãóíú: ÎóØóÃñ ÞóÈöíÍñ - ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö Ãóäú íóÊóæóÞøóÇåõ æóíóÊóÃóãøóáóåõ æóíóÊóÍóÝøóÙó ãöäúåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇÌúÊöäóÇÈõåõ áöÍóãúáö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö áöáúãóäúÚö¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÊóÃóßøõÏöåö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÏõ ÂÎöÑó(3/64)
ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì¡ æóÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáúßóÑöíãõ æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ãóæøóáó ÇáÕøóÝúÍóÉö Çáúíõãúäóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÂåõ ßóÐóáößó ÑõÈøóãóÇ áóãú íóÞúáöÈö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉó æóíóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö ßóÐóáößó ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÃóãøõáò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÒúãõåõ ÚóÏóãó ÍóÈúßö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó æóÑóÞóåõ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÃóãúäö ãöäú ÊóÞúáöíÈö ÃóæúÑóÇÞöåö æóÊóÝóÑøõÞöåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóÑúÊóÞöí Ýöí ßõáøö åóÐóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäö ÇÞúÊóÑóäó ÈöÞóÕúÏò ÝóÇÓöÏò¡ ßóÅöíÞóÇÚò áöÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö¡ æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ãóÇ ÌóäóÍó Åöáóíúåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈöÊóÕúÑöíÍö ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí " ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö " ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÃóÏóÈñ¡ Èóáú æóäóÕóÑóåõ ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó.
æóßóÑóÓõæáò ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÝóáóÇ íõßúÊóÈõ ÑóÓõæáñ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóØúÑò¡ æóÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö ãóÚó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÑöåóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÊøóÍóÝøõÙõ ãöäúåõ. æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÝóÌóÒóãó ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö Ýöíåö æóÝöíãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåõ.
æóíóáúÊóÍöÞõ Èöåö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ - ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÞóæúáöåö: «ÓóÇÈøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇÝöÑñ» . æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ßóÞóæúáöåö: «ÞóÇÊöáõ ÇÈúäö ÕóÝöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö» íóÚúäöí ÈöÇÈúäö ÕóÝöíøóÉó. ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑó Èúäó ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõßúÊóÈõ " ÓóÇÈøõ " Ãóæú " ÞóÇÊöáõ " Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóØúÑò æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÂÎóÑó¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó áöáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÈöÇáúÝóÕúáö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö æóÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ýóáóæú(3/65)
æõÌöÏó ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÓúÊóÔúäóÚõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÊöíó Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó Ëóãöáñ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: " ÃóÎúÒóÇåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ íõÄúÊóì Èöåö " æóßóÞóæúáöåö: " Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøöí áóÇ ÃõÔúÑößõ Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ". ÈöÃóäú ßóÊóÈó " ÝóÞóÇáó " Ãóæú " áóÇ " Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóØúÑò¡ æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÂÎóÑó ; ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóãóÍóáøõåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö (Åöäú íõäóÇÝö) ÈöÇáúÝóÕúáö (ãóÇ ÊóáóÇåõ) ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö ßóÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúãö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ãóæö ÇÓúãö äóÈöíøöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóæö ÇÓúãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÂÎöÑó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæú ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãõáóÇÆöãñ áóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõäóÇÝò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÇáúÝóÕúáö¡ äóÍúæó Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö (ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÕóáó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö æóÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóíúåö ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáÓøóØúÑö: Çááøóåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö. æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÌóãúÚõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓóØúÑò æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæúáóì.
Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö Ýöí ÝóÕúáò ãöËúáó ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó áößóæúäöåöãóÇ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇÓúãò æóÇÍöÏò ; ÃóÎúÐðÇ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÍøóÇÓö Ýöí " ÕöäóÇÚóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ": æóßóÑöåõæÇ ÌóÚúáó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö Ýöí ÓóØúÑò æóÈóÚúÖöåóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÓóØúÑò ; ÝóÊóßõæäõ ãóÝúÕõæáóÉð.
[ÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ßöÊúÈóÉö ËóäóÇÁó Çááøóåö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö]
(572) æóÇßúÊõÈú ËóäóÇÁó Çááøóåö æóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãóÇ ... ãóÚó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöáäøóÈöíøö ÊóÚúÙöíãóÇ(3/66)
(573) æóÅöäú íóßõäú ÃõÓúÞöØó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æóÞóÏú
ÎõæáöÝó Ýöí ÓóÞúØö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÍúãóÏú ... (574) æóÚóáøóåõ ÞóíøóÏó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóåú
ãóÚó äõØúÞöåö ßóãóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ ÍößóÇíóåú ... (575) æóÇáúÚóäúÈóÑöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ ÈóíøóÖóÇ
áóåóÇ áöÅöÚúÌóÇáò æóÚóÇÏóÇ ÚóæøóÖóÇ ... (576) æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö ÇáÑøóãúÒó áóåóÇ æóÇáúÍóÐúÝóÇ
ãöäúåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉð Ãóæú ÓóáóÇãðÇ ÊõßúÝóì
[ÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ßöÊúÈóÉö ËóäóÇÁó Çááøóåö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö] :
(æóÇßúÊõÈú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÊóÃóßøöÏö (ËóäóÇÁó Çááøóåö) ÊóÚóÇáóì ßõáøóãóÇ ãóÑøó áóßó ÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ: ßóÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ Ãóæú ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóæú äóÍúæöåõãóÇ¡ «ÝóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö Èúäö ÓóÑöíÚò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö) æóÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÏú ãóÏóÍúÊõ ÑóÈøöí ÈöãóÍóÇãöÏó æóãóÏúÍò æóÅöíøóÇßó ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÃóãóÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÍóãúÏó) æóÝöí áóÝúÙò (ÇáúãóÏúÍó) » ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇßúÊõÈú (ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöáäøóÈöíøö) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßõáøóãóÇ ãóÑøó ÐößúÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áóåõãóÇ æóÅöÌúáóÇáðÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöæõÌõæÈöåö ßõáøóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ¡ Èóáú æóÇáúÍóáöíãöíøõ¡ æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇÆöíäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ Åöäú ÃõËúÈöÊó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáËøóäóÇÁö(3/67)
æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡ (æóÅöäú íóßõäú ÃõÓúÞöØó) ãöäúåóÇ (Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö) ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÞóíøõÏö Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÐúÝö Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ËóäóÇÁñ æóÏõÚóÇÁñ ÊõËúäöíåö áóÇ ßóáóÇãó ÊóÑúæöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóãú ãöäú ÊóßúÑöíÑöåö ÚöäúÏó ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö¡ Èóáú æóÖõãøó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙó Èöåö áöäóÔúÑö ÊóÚóØøõÑöåö¡ ÝóÃóÌúÑõåõ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÄúÐöäñ ÈöÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö æóÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøõÌöíÈöíøõ: æóßóãóÇ ÊõÕóáøöí Úóáóì äóÈöíøößó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöáöÓóÇäößó ßóÐóáößó ÊóÎõØøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÈóäóÇäößó ãóåúãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊó ÇÓúãóåõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÝó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò¡ ÝóÅöäøó áóßó ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÚúÙóãó ÇáËøóæóÇÈö. Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáøóÐöí ÈóíøóäúÊõåõ Ýöí (ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÈóÏöíÚö) ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÈóÑóßóÊõåõ¡ æóÑóÌóæúÊõ ËóãóÑóÊóåõ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÞóíøöãö ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò áóÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ. æóáóÝúÙõåõ: " ãóäú Õóáøóì Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÕóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÛõÏúæóÉð æóÑóæóÇÍðÇ ãóÇ ÏóÇãó ÇÓúãõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ". æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: áóæú áóãú íóßõäú áöÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÏóÇãó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. Èóáú ÌóÇÁó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãöãøóÇ ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «Åöäøó Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Èöí íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú Úóáóíøó ÕóáóÇÉð» ) æóÞóÏú ÊóÑúÌóãó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÈöÃóäøó ÃóÞúÑóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó ÕóáóÇÉð Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.(3/68)
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÚóÞöÈóåõ: Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈóíóÇäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö íóßõæäõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Þóæúãñ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÕóáóÇÉð Úóáóíúåö ãöäúåõãú. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò: åóÐöåö ãóäúÞóÈóÉñ ÔóÑöíÝóÉñ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöåóÇ ÑõæóÇÉõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö æóäóÞóáóÊõåóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áöÚöÕóÇÈóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåóÇ äóÓúÎðÇ æóÐößúÑðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ Çáúíóãóäö Èúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó: áöíóåúäö Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö - ßóËøóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ - åóÐöåö ÇáúÈõÔúÑóì¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÊóãøó Èöåö äöÚóãóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöäóÈøöíåöãú Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÈõåõãú Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóÓöíáóÉð ; ÝóÅöäøõåõãú íõÎóáøöÏõæäó ÐößúÑóåõ Ýöí ØõÑõæÓöåöãú¡ æóíõÌóÏøöÏõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãõÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö ÈöãóÌóÇáöÓö ãõÐóÇßóÑóÊöåöãú æóÊóÍúÏöíËöåöãú æóãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊöåöãú æóÏõÑõæÓöåöãú¡ ÝóÇáËøóäóÇÁõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãõÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö ÔöÚóÇÑõåõãú æóÏöËóÇÑõåõãú¡ æóÈöÍõÓúäö äóÔúÑöåöãú áöÂËóÇÑöåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö ÊóÍúÓõäõ ÂËóÇÑõåõãú. Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáøóÐöíö ÃóæúÏóÚúÊõåõ ãóÚó ßóáóÇãö ÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóãóäóÇãóÇÊò ÍóÓóäóÉò ÕóÍöíÍóÉò.
ãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó áóåõ: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Èößó ÑóÈøõßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÍöãóäöí æóÛóÝóÑó áöí¡ æóÒõÝöÝúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊõÒóÝøõ ÇáúÚóÑõæÓõ¡ æóäõËöÑó Úóáóíøó ßóãóÇ íõäúËóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑõæÓö. æóÅöäøó ÓóÈóÈó Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö " ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ãóäú ßóÊóÈó ÈöíóÏöåö: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ãóÚöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» ) Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö.
(æóÞóÏú ÎõæáöÝó Ýöí ÓõÞúØö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ (ÃóÍúãóÏú) ÝóÅöäøóåõ(3/69)
ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÈöÎóØøöåö íóßúÊõÈõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ÇÓúãó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÏõæäö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ßóÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÇáúÚóäúÈóÑöíøö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
ÞóÇáõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö (æóÚóáøóåõ) ; Ãóíú: áóÚóáøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÃóÍúãóÏó (ÞóíøóÏó) ; Ãóíú: ÊóÞóíøóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØö (ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóåú) áöÇáúÊöÒóÇãöåö ÇÞúÊöÝóÇÁóåóÇ¡ ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÌöÏúåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÔóíúÎöåö æóÚóÒøó Úóáóíúåö ÇÊøöÕóÇáõåóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö áóÇ íóßúÊõÈõåóÇ ÊóæóÑøõÚðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÒöíÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÐúåóÈöåö Ýöí ãóäúÚö ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ áóßöäú (ãóÚó äõØúÞöåö) ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃó Ãóæú ßóÊóÈó (ßóãóÇ ÑóæóæúÇ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõæäó ßóÇáúÎóØöíÈö æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ (ÍößóÇíóÉð) ÛóíúÑó ãõÊøóÕöáóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóØöíÈó ÞóÇáó: (æóÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Úóáóíúåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äõØúÞðÇ) .
æóÇáÊøóÞóíøõÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÔóì Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö) : æóÇáøóÐöí äóãöíáõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú äóÊúÈóÚó ÇáúÃõÕõæáó æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö åõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ïóáøó ÇááøóÝúÙõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó åóßóÐóÇ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóÐóáößó¡ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉð áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áóÝúÙðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóÕúÍóÈóåóÇ ÞóÑöíäóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ãöËúáó ßóæúäöåö íóÑúÝóÚõ ÑóÃúÓóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÞúÑóÃõ Ýöíåö¡ æóíóäúæöí ÈöÞóáúÈöåö Ãóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÕóáøöí áóÇ ÍóÇßöíðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ßóÊóÈóåóÇ æóáóãú Êóßõäú Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö äóÈøóåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÔóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Çáúíõæäöíäöíøö Ýöí äõÓúÎóÊöåö ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóãóÚó ÝöíåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚóÊú áóåõ ÍóíúËõ íõÔöíÑõ ÈöÇáÑøóãúÒö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ æóäóÝúíðÇ.(3/70)
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó ßöÊóÇÈóÊóåóÇ áöåóÐóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊöÚúÌóÇáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏúÊõåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÚó ÚóÒúãöåö Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö ÖóÑõæÑóÊöåö Ýóáóãú íóÞúÏöÑú¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ (æó) ÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö (ÇáúÚóäúÈóÑöíøõ) äöÓúÈóÉð áöÈóäöí ÇáúÚóäúÈóÑö ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö Êóãöíãò.
(æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ) äöÓúÈóÉð áöáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö áößóæúäö ÃóÕúáöåö ãöäúåóÇ¡ åõæó Úóáöíøñ¡ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓöäóÇäò¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøõãóíúÑöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö (ÈóíøóÖóÇ) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåöãóÇ (áóåóÇ) Ãóíú: áöáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ (áöÅöÚúÌóÇáò æóÚóÇÏóÇ) ÈóÚúÏõ (ÚóæøóÖóÇ) ÈößöÊóÇÈóÉö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóÑóßóåõ áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö áöãõáóÇÒóãóÊöåöãóÇ ÝöÚúáóåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ÓóãöÚóÇåõ¡ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÌóáøõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÈóÔúßõæóÇáò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÎóÇáöíó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò íóÞõæáõ: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ Úóáöíøò¡ áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊó ÕóáóÇÊóäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ßóíúÝó ÊõÒúåöÑõ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíäóÇ! .
[ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÇáÑøóãúÒö áöáÕøóáóÇÉö] :
(æóÇÌúÊóäöÈú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ (ÇáÑøóãúÒó áóåóÇ) Ãóíú: áöáÕøóáóÇÉö(3/71)
Úóáóì ÑõÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÎóØøößó¡ ÈöÃóäú ÊóÞúÊóÕöÑó ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ÍóÑúÝóíúäö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÊóßõæäó ãóäúÞõæÕóÉð ÕõæÑóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúßöÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÇáúÌóåóáóÉõ ãöäú ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÌóãö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ æóÚóæóÇãøõ ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö¡ ÝóíóßúÊõÈõæäó ÈóÏóáðÇ Úóäú Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Õ¡ Ãóæú Õã¡ Ãóæú Õáã¡ Ãóæú ÕáÚã¡ ÝóÐóáößó áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú äóÞúÕö ÇáúÃóÌúÑö áöäóÞúÕö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÊóÕúÑöíÍõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Ýöíåö æóÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö áóíúÓó Úóáóì ÈóÇÈöåö.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáäøõãóíúÑöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö äõÓúÎóÉð ãöäú (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö) æóÊóÃóäøóÞó ÝöíåóÇ áóßöäøóåõ ÍóÐóÝó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóíúËõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÐößúÑñ¡ æóÚóæøóÖó ÚóäúåóÇ: Õ¡ æóÞóÕóÏó ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÑøõÄóÓóÇÁö ãöãøóäú íóÑúÛóÈõ Ýöí ÔöÑóÇÁö ÇáÏøóÝóÇÊöÑö¡ æóÞóÏú Ãóãøóáó Ãóäú íóÑúÛóÈó áóåõ Ýöí Ëóãóäöåö¡ æóÏóÝóÚó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÍóÓøóäó ãóæúÞöÚóåõ¡ æóÃõÚúÌöÈó Èöåö¡ æóÚóÒóãó Úóáóì ÅöÌúÒóÇáö ÕöáóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÊóäóÈøóåó áöÝöÚúáöåö Ðóáößó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÕóÑóÝóåõ æóÍóÑóãóåõ æóÃóÞúÕóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáú Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãõÍóÇÑöÝðÇ ãõÞóÊøöÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ áóßöäú æõÌöÏó ÈöÎóØøö ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ßöÊóÇÈóÊõåóÇ åóßóÐóÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóãú¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÝóíúÊõ ÃóËóÑóåõãú Ýöíåö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö áóÇãò ÃõÎúÑóì ÞóÈúáó Çáúãöíãö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöåöãóÇ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóæúáóì ÎöáóÇÝõåõ.
[ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö] :
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÇÌúÊóäöÈö ÇáúÍóÐúÝóÇ) áöæóÇÍöÏò (ãöäúåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉð Ãóæú ÓóáóÇãðÇ) ÍóÊøóì áóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóäúÞõæÕóÉð ãóÚúäðì ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÊõßúÝóì) ÈöÅößúãóÇáö ÕóáóÇÊößó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ Ãóåóãøóßó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Ïöíäößó æóÏõäúíóÇßó¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ßóæúäö Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈößóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì: Úóáóíúåö(3/72)
ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÈóÔúßõæÇáò æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÍöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóæúÊóì.
æóÕóÑøóÍó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - Ýöí " ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö " æóÛóíúÑöåö ÈößóÑóÇåóÉö ÅöÝúÑóÇÏöåöãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ ÈöæõÑõæÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÎóÕøó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉó ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóáóÝõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖöåö ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäú ÐóßóÑó ÑóÌõáñ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóíúåö. ãóËóáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íõßúÑóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÝóÇÚöáõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÝóíõßúÑóåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö ÈöÇáúÅößúËóÇÑö ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈõ ÝöíåöãóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ÊóÇÑóÉð æóíõÓóáøöãõ ÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöÎúáóÇáò ÈöæóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýóáóãú ÃóÞöÝú Úóáóì Ïóáöíáò íóÞúÊóÖöí ßóÑóÇåóÊóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóæúáóì ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ áóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöíåö. ÞóÇáó: æóáóÚóáøó Çáäøóæóæöíøó - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì Ïóáöíáò ÎóÇÕøò áöÐóáößó¡
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú ÍóÐóÇãö ÝóÕóÏøöÞõæåóÇ
. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ãóÇ ÎóÕøó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉó Èöåö ÈöæõÞõæÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ßõáøò ãöäó:(3/73)
" ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö " áöÅöãóÇãöäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æó " ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò "¡ æó " ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö " áöáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó¡ æóÅöáóíúåóÇ Ãóæú Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ¡ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóÅöäú æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÎóØøö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó) .
æóáóãøóÇ Íóßóì ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ Ãóäøóåõ æóÌóÏóåõ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ýöí " ÇáúãõæóÖøóÍö " ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÑúÖöíøò¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÍóãúÒóÉõ ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøõ: ßõäúÊõ ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÝóßõäúÊõ ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö: " Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö "¡ æóáóÇ ÃóßúÊõÈõ: æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ áóßó áóÇ ÊõÊöãøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóíøó¿ " ÝóãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÈóÚúÏõ: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö. ÅöáøóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ: æóÓóáøóãó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö¡ áóßöäú ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ÃóãóÇ ÊóÎúÊöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóíøó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈößó¿) ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãö: ßõäúÊõ ÃóßúÊõÈõ áóÝúÙó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãö¡ ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: (áöãó ÊóÍúÑöãõ äóÝúÓóßó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÍóÓóäóÉð¿ ÞõáúÊõ: æóßóíúÝó ÐóÇßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÐößúÑöí ÊóßúÊõÈõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóßúÊõÈõ: æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåöíó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÍúÑõÝò¡ ßõáøõ ÍóÑúÝò ÈöÚóÔúÑö ÍóÓóäóÇÊò¿ ÞóÇáó: æóÚóÏøóåõäøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöíóÏöåö¡ Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó) . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ Çáúíóãóäö Èúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó.(3/74)
[ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö] :
æóßóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö äóÈöíøöäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÇáÊøóÑóÖøöí Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÑóÍøõãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÎúíóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö Çáäøóæóæöíøõ¡ æóÝöí " ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÅöÑúÈöáó " áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÝöí Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúÃóáõ Úóäú ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåöãú ÚóáöíøðÇ Èö " ßóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÌúåóåõ " ÝóÑóÃóì Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ãóäú ÞóÇáó áóåõ: áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÌõÏú áöÕóäóãò ÞóØøõ.
[ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ]
(577) Ëõãøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö æóáóæú ... ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð Ãóæú ÃóÕúáö ÃóÕúáö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú
(578) ÝóÑúÚò ãõÞóÇÈóáò æóÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ãóÚú ... ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÅöÐú íóÓúãóÚú
(579) æóÞöíáó Èóáú ãöÚú äóÝúÓöåö æóÇÔúÊóÑóØóÇ ... ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ åóÐóÇ æõÝøöíóåõ ÛõáøöØóÇ
(580) æóáúíóäúÙõÑö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ Íöíäó íóØúáõÈõ ... Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì íóÌöÈõ
(581) æóÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ãöäú ... ÛóíúÑö ãõÞóÇÈóáò æóáöáúÎóØöíÈö Åöäú
(582) Èóíøóäó æóÇáäøóÓúÎõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáò æóáúíõÒóÏú ... ÕöÍøóÉõ äóÞúáö äóÇÓöÎò ÝóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÞóÏú
(583) ÔóÑóØóåõ Ëõãøó ÇÚúÊóÈöÑú ãóÇ ÐõßöÑóÇ ... Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö áóÇ Êóßõäú ãõåóæøöÑóÇ(3/75)
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö] :
ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ æóãóÇ ÃõáúÍöÞó ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ. ÊóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇÈóáúÊõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÞöÈóÇáðÇ æóãõÞóÇÈóáóÉð. Ãóíú: ÌóÚóáúÊõåõ ÞõÈóÇáóÊóåõ¡ æóÕóíøóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ßõáøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóäóÇÒöáõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ÊóÊóÞóÇÈóáõ. Ãóíú: íõÞóÇÈöáõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÚóÇÑóÖúÊõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó. Ãóíú: ÌóÚóáúÊõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãöËúáó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú: ÚóÇÑóÖúÊõ ÈöÇáËøóæúÈö. ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúØóíúÊóåõ æóÃóÎóÐúÊó ËóæúÈðÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ.
[ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö] :
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøõäøöíøö Ýöí (ÑöíóÇÖóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöãöíäó) ßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáØøóÇåöÑö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÑúÍö ÞóÇáó: (æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÎóÇáöí - íóÚúäöí ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö - ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚõÞóíúáñ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúæóÍúíó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛúÊõ íóÞõæáõ áöí: (ÇÞúÑóÃúåõ) . ÝóÃóÞúÑóÃõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ ÃóÞóÇãóåõ Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑõÌõ Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö» ) . æóÃÎóÑóÌóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö äóÇÝöÚö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Úóäú ÚõÞóíúáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÈöäóÍúæöåö.(3/76)
[Íõßúãõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö] :
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö áöáúãóÑúæöíøö ÈöÎóØøöåö Ãóæú ÈöÎóØøö ÛóíúÑöåö (Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ) æõÌõæÈðÇ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøóåõ ãõÊóÚóíøöäñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ. æóåõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ Ûöäóì áöãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑúÖö. ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ æóíõÔöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäõ ÚõÑúæóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó áöí ÃóÈöí: ÃóßóÊóÈúÊó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÚóÇÑóÖúÊó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: Ýóáóãú ÊóßúÊõÈú.
æóÝöí (ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö) Úóäú ÃóÝúáóÍó Èúäö ÈóÓøóÇãò ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÚúäóÈöíøö ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ßóÊóÈúÊó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÚóÇÑóÖúÊó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: áóãú ÊóÕúäóÚú ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö Ýöí (ÃóÏóÈö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ãõÑúÓóáðÇ ÞóÇáó: «ßóÊóÈó ÑóÌõáñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: (ßóÊóÈúÊó¿) ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: (ÚóÑóÖúÊó¿) ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: (áóãú ÊóßúÊõÈú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚúÑöÖóåõ) » .
æóÝöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) æó (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) ãóÚðÇ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò ÞóÇáó: ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßúÊõÈõ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÖöí ÍóÇÌóÊóåõ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóäúÌöí ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö. æóßóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó(3/77)
Úóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö ßóãóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ëõãøó ÚöíóÇÖò Ýöí (ÇáúÅöáúãóÇÚö) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ßóãóÇ ÚóÒóÇåõ Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÝöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóíúåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåõ Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáäøóÞúÕö ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ÔóÑóÝö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÎöÓøóÉö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÔúÈöíåö ÇáúæóÍúíö ÈöÕóáúÕóáóÉö ÇáúÌóÑóÓö.
æóßóÐóÇ áóíúÓó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: (
ÇßúÊõÈú æóáóÇ ÊõÞóÇÈöáú ... æóÇÑúãö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÒóÇÈöáö
) Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö. æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúÓóäó ãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: (
ãóäú ßóÊóÈó æóáóãú íõÞóÇÈöáú ... ßóãóäú ÛóÒóÇ æóáóãú íõÞóÇÊöáú
) ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö: (ãóäú áóãú íõÚóÇÑöÖú áóãú íóÏúÑö ßóíúÝó íóÖóÚõ ÑöÌúáóåõ) .
æóÝöí (ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö) Úóäö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ äõÓöÎó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò æóáóãú íõÚóÇÑóÖú ÊóÍóæøóáó ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö ãöäú ßóËúÑóÉö ÓóÞúØöåö.
æóÝöí (ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö) äóÍúæõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÎúÝóÔö ÞóÇáó: (ÅöÐóÇ äõÓöÎó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóáóãú íõÚóÇÑóÖú Ëõãøó äõÓöÎó ãöäúåõ æóáóãú íõÚóÇÑóÖú - íóÚúäöí ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎó ÃóíúÖðÇ - ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÚúÌóãöíøðÇ) .
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ãóÍóáøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóËöÞú ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö Ãóæú äõÓúÎóÊöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁö äõÏõæÑõ ÇáÓøóÞúØö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö ãöäúåõ ÝóáóÇ.
áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí(3/78)
(ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö) Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÚõÑöÖó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ãöÇÆóÉó ãóÑøóÉò ãóÇ ßóÇÏó íóÓúáóãõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ. Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóÇáóÛó ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÛóáóØö. ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáö ÛóíúÑöåö: Èóáö ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ äóÞúáö ßõáøö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö. äóÚóãú áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ ãöäú ÛóáóØò æóÅöäú Þóáøó¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÑúÝö æóÇáÊøóÌúÑöÈóÉö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ãóÇ ÞóÑúãóØúäóÇ äóÏöãúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÇäúÊóÎóÈúäóÇ äóÏöãúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÊóÈúäóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉò äóÏöãúäóÇ.
[ßóíúÝó ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ¿] :
æóíóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ ÅöãøóÇ (ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö) ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÓóÇÆöÑö æõÌõæåö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ (æóáóæú) ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ (ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð) Ãóæú ÈöÃóÕúáö (ÃóÕúáö ÇáÔøóíúÎö) ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎóÐó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáó Èöåö ÃóÕúáõåõ (Ãóæú) Èö (ÝóÑúÚò ãõÞóÇÈóáò) ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö ãõÞóÇÈöáóÉð ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉð ãóæúËõæÞðÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÝóÑúÚò ÞõæÈöáó ßóÐóáößó Úóáóì ÝóÑúÚò¡ æóáóæú ßóËõÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÅöÐö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöÃóÕúáö ãóÑúæöíøöåö æóßöÊóÇÈö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ ÝóÓóæóÇÁñ ÍóÕóáó ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó Ãóæú ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö Èößóæúäöåö ÞóÏú ÞõæÈöáó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Úóáóíúåö ÈõÏøñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó áöÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃõÕõæáò ÞõæÈöáó ÃóÕúáõ ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÃóÍóÏöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÊóßúÝöí ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ãóæú äóÞúÕñ¡ Ýóíóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÃóÊóì ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÔóíúÎõåõ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÍóÐóÝó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ áóåõ ÔóíúÎõåõ. ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí äóÍúæõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö.(3/79)
æóßóÐóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÈöíóÏö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ËöÞóÉò íóÞöÙò ÛóíúÑöåö ÊóæóáøóÇåõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Ãóæú ËöÞóÉò íóÞöÙò ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÚó ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÃóãúÓóßó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóãú ßóÇäóÇ ãóÚðÇ ÈöíóÏöåö.
[åóáú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ãóÚó ÔóíúÎöåö Ãóæú ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö] :
(æó) áóßöäú (ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖö) ãóÇ ßóÇäó (ãóÚú ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöåö) Ãóíú: ÔóíúÎöåö Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÈöãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö (ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÅöÐú) Ãóíú: Íöíäó (íóÓúãóÚú) ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íóÞúÑóÃõ¡ áöãóÇ íóÌúãóÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú æõÌõæåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö. íóÚúäöí: Åöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóåúáðÇ áöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÌúÊóãöÚú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝõ äóÞóÕó ãöäú ãóÑúÊóÈóÊöåö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ãöäúåóÇ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö.
æóÞóíøóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí (ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö) ÇáúÎóíúÑöíøóÉó ÈöÊóãóßøõäö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ãóæúáóì. ÞóÇáó: Èóáú ÃóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ Ãóæúáóì ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõæÈöáó ÃóæøóáðÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÃóíúÓóÑó¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäú æóÞóÚó ÅöÔúßóÇáñ ßõÔöÝó Úóäúåõ æóÖõÈöØó¡ ÝóÞõÑöÆó Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóßóãú ãöäú ÌõÒúÁò ÞõÑöÆó ÈóÛúÊóÉð¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÃóÛóÇáöíØõ æóÊóÕúÍöíÝóÇÊñ áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú ÕóæóÇÈõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÛö ÝóÃõÕúáöÍóÊú¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Úóáóíúåö æóßóÇäó ßóÐöÈðÇ Åöäú ÞóÇáó: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÑóÃú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÌúåö.
(æóÞöíáó) æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏöíøö: (Èóáú) ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ãóÇ ßóÇäó (ãóÚú äóÝúÓöåö) ÈöÚóíúäößó ÍóÑúÝðÇ ÍóÑúÝðÇ áößóæúäöåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóãú íõÞóáøöÏú ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóáóãú(3/80)
íóÌúÚóáú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ßöÊóÇÈö ÔóíúÎöåö æóÇÓöØóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ËöÞóÉò æóíóÞöíäò ãöäú ãõØóÇÈóÞóÊöåöãóÇ (æó) áöÐóÇ (ÇÔúÊóÑóØóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö (åóÐóÇ) ÝóÌóÒóãó ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäúåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÕöÍøóÉö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö ãóÚó ÃóÍóÏò ÛóíúÑö äóÝúÓöåö (æóÝöíåö) Ãóíö: ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö (ÛõáøöØóÇ) ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ Èöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (Åöäøóåõ ãóÐúåóÈñ ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÖóÉö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöäóÇ) . æóÕóÍøóÍó ÚóÏóãóåõ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÝößúÑõ íóÊóÔóÚøóÈõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÊóíúäö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÎúÊóáöÝõ¡ ÝóÑõÈøó ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ - íóÚúäöí áöãóÒöíÏö íóÞóÙóÊöåö æóÍöÝúÙöåö - ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÓøóåúæö ÚöäúÏó äóÙóÑöåö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊõåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæúáóì¡ Ãóæú ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ - íóÚúäöí áöÌõãõæÏö ÍóÑóßóÊöåö æóÞöáøóÉö ÍöÝúÙöåö - ÇáÓøóåúæõ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊõåõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö Ãóæúáóì¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóØöíÈó ÞóÇáó: (Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÓóãöÚó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóáóãú Êóßõäú áóåõ äõÓúÎóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó äóÓóÎó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÇÓúÊõÍöÈøó áóåõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÃóíúÖðÇ áöáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö æóÅöäú ÞóÇÈóáó Èöåö) ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÎóØóÃñ æóäõÞúÕóÇäõ ÍõÑõæÝò æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÞóÑøóåõ Ýöí ÃóÕúáöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóåõ Èöåö ßóÐóáößó ÑóæóÇåõ ÝóßóÑöåó ÊóÛúíöíÑó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö - íóÚúäöí: æóãóÔóì Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö - æóÚóæøóáó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙöåö áóåõ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö Èöåö. Ëõãøó Íóßóì Ðóáößó Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ æóÈöåö íóÊóÃóíøóÏõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ - íóÚúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóíúÎö - Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏöíøö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÊóÞúíöíÏöåö Èöåö æóíóÒõæáõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏó Ýöí ãõÑóÇÏö ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏöíøö ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íóÊóæóáøóÇåóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ãóÚó ãóæúËõæÞò Èöåö Ýóåõæó ãõÊøóÌöåñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚöäóÇíóÉó ÇáúãóÑúÁö(3/81)
ÈöÊóÕúÍöíÍö äõÓúÎóÊöåö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇÚúÊöäóÇÁö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú ÞóÇÈóáó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞóáøöÏõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ íóÞúÑóÃõ ÓóØúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ëõãøó íóÞúÑóÃõåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÎúÕó áóÇ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú äõÓúÎóÊóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ íóÞúÑóÃõ ßóáöãóÉð Ãóæú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÞúÑóÃõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Þóáøó Ãóäú íóÊøóÝöÞó ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúæöíáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÖöíÚõ Èöåö ÇáúÚõãõÑõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóáúíóÌúÚóáú áöáúÚóÑúÖö ÞóáóãðÇ ãõÚóÏøðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó Úóäú ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö Ïõßóíúäò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÑóÌõáò áóÇÌøóåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÇÓúßõÊú ÝóÅöäøóßó ÃóÈúÛóÖõ ãöäú Þóáóãö ÇáúÚóÑúÖö.
ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ: ÞóÏú ãóÖóì Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö áóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÕöáóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ãöäú ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò áöÆóáøóÇ íóßõæäó ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí Ôóßøò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõ ÚóÞöÈó ßõáøö ÈóÇÈò Ãóæú ßóÑøóÇÓò ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÂÎöÑó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÈóÇÒúßõáøöíøõ íóßúÊõÈõ ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ: ÕóÍøó ÈöÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö æóÓóáöãó ÈöÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõäóÇÞóÖóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓúÈóáóÉö.
[ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÈöÏõæäö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö] :
(æóáúíóäúÙõÑö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ (Íöíäó íóØúáõÈõ) Ãóíú: íóÓúãóÚõ (Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉò) ÅöãøóÇ áóåõ Ãóæú áöãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó Ãóæö ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÖúÈóØõ æóÃóÌúÏóÑõ Ãóäú íóÝúåóãó ãóÚóåõ ãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ¡ áöæõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÞúÑõæÁö Åöáóì ÞóáúÈöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíö ÇáÓøóãúÚö æóÇáúÈóÕóÑö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóáóÝøóÙó Èöåö íóßõæäõ ÃóËúÈóÊó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÕöáõ Åöáóíúåö(3/82)
ãöäú ØóÑöíÞóíúäö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÈóßøóÇÑò Ýöí (ÇáúãõæóÝøóÞöíøóÇÊö) : (ÏóÎóáó Úóáöíøó ÃóÈöí æóÃóäóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÏóÝúÊóÑò æóÃóÑúæöí Ýöíåö Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó äóÝúÓöí æóáóÇ ÃóÌúåóÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ÅöäøóãóÇ áóßó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊößó åóÐöåö ãóÇ ÃóÏøóì ÈóÕóÑõßó Åöáóì ÞóáúÈößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÇÌúåóÑú ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ áóßó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÏøóì ÈóÕóÑõßó Åöáóì ÞóáúÈößó¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÏøóì ÓóãúÚõßó Åöáóì ÞóáúÈößó) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ) ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó ÃóÈóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøó ÇáúÍóÈøóÇáó áöíóÓúãóÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Èöåö ÚöÔúÑöíäó äõÓúÎóÉð¡ æóäóÇæóáó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò äõÓúÎóÉð íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ÈöåóÇ.
æóíóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ ÇáäøóÞúáó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáúÎóØöíÈö¡ áößóæúäöåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Êóæóáøóì ÇáúÚóÑúÖó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ãõäóÇÓöÈóÉõ ÅöÏúÎóÇáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÚö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÌóãóÉö¡ æóÈößóæúäöåö ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö Çáúãóßøöíøö: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò: ÃóíõÌúÒöÆõ ÃóáøóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑó Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö Íöíäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÃóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ. ãöËúáó ÇáÕøóßøö ÔóåöÏó ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö æóáóæú áóãú íóäúÙõÑú Ýöíåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: áóæú äóÙóÑúÊó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßóÇäó ÃóØúíóÈó áöäóÝúÓößó.(3/83)
(æóÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì) Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÈöÓóäóÏò Ýöíåö æöÌóÇÏóÉñ¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏóåõ áöÐóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖö (íóÌöÈõ) ÇáäøóÙóÑõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóãøóäú áóã íóäúÙõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ íóÞúÑóÃõ: ÃóíóÌõæÒõ áóåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÈöÐóáößó Úóäúåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ÝóáóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÚóÇãøóÉó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö åóßóÐóÇ ÓóãóÇÚõåõãú. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò íõÍóÏøöËõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ëõãøó íõáúÞöíåö Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóíóßúÊõÈõæäóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÞóÏú äóÙóÑõæÇ Ýöíåö. æóáóãú íóäúÝóÑöÏö ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö æóÇÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú Ãóåúáõ ÈóáóÏò íõäúÙóÑõ Åöáóíúßõãú¡ íóÌöíÁõ ÑóÌõáñ íóÓúÃóáõäöí Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó æóÃóäúÊõãú áóÇ ÊóäúÙõÑõæäó ÝöíåóÇ Ëõãøó ÊóßúÊõÈõæäóåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÃõÍöáøõ áöãóäú áóãú íóäúÙõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäú íóäúÓóÎó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöÑóÌõáò íóßúÊõÈõ¡ ÎóÝöíÝö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÊóíúäóÇ ÈöåöÔóÇãö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó ÝóßóÇäó åõæó íóßúÊõÈõ æóäóÍúäõ äóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ÎóÊóãúäóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÍóÊøóì äóäúÓóÎóåõ. áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÏøöÏöíäó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö æóÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóáóæú áóãú íõäúÙóÑú ÃóÕúáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÎóÕøó ÇáöÇÔúÊóÑóÇØõ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ãóÃúãõæäðÇ ãóæúËõæÞðÇ(3/84)
ÈöÖóÈúØöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ ÈöÃóÕúáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: (æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ãóÃúãõæäðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ãóæúËõæÞðÇ ÈöÖóÈúØöåö¡ ÌóÇÒó áöãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓó Ãóäú íóÊúÑõßó ÇáäøóÙóÑó ãóÚóåõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏðÇ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú æóíóÌõæÒõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáäøóÙóÑö Íöíäó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÑúÖõ ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö) .
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉó Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÚöíóÇÖñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: (áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöáúãõÓúáöãö ÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÞóÇÈöáú¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÎóÏöÚõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö Úóáóì äóÓúÎö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì äóÓúÎöåö åõæó ÈöíóÏöåö ÈöÏõæäö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉò æóÊóÕúÍöíÍò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝößúÑó íóÐúåóÈõ¡ æóÇáúÞóáúÈó íóÓúåõæ¡ æóÇáúÈóÕóÑó íóÒöíÛõ¡ æóÇáúÞóáóãó íóØúÛóì. Èóáú æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ åóáú åõæó ßõáøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåõ¿ æóåóáú åõæó Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö Ãóæú áóÇ¿) .
[ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò ÛóíúÑö ãõÚóÇÑóÖò] :
(æóÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ) ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇÆöíäöíøõ (Ãäú íóÑúæöíó) ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ (ãöäú) ÝóÑúÚò (ÛóíúÑö ãõÞóÇÈóáò) ¡ Èóáú (æó) äóÓóÈó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ÃóíúÖðÇ (áöáúÎóØöíÈö) ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö) ¡ áóßöäú (Åöäú Èóíøóäó) ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚóÇÑöÖú¡ (æó) ßóÇäó (ÇáäøóÓúÎõ) áöÐóáößó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö (ãöäú ÃóÕúáò) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ãõÚúÊóãóÏò. æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ Åöáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚóÇÑöÖú¡ áöãóÇ(3/85)
ÚóÓóì íóÞóÚõ ãöäú ÒóáøóÉò Ãóæú ÓõÞõæØò. æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ñóæóì áóäóÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóáóãú ÃõÚóÇÑöÖú ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö.
(æóáúíõÒóÏú) æóåõæó ÔóÑúØñ ËóÇáöËñ (ÕöÍøóÉõ ãóÇ äóÞóáó äóÇÓöÎñ) áöÐóáößó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÓóÞöíãó ÇáäøóÞúáö ßóËöíÑó ÇáÓøóÞúØö¡ (ÝóÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÞóÏú (ÔóÑóØóåõ) .
ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ãõáóÇÍóÙóÉö ÈóÑóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ; áöÃóäøó ÈöãóÌúãõæÚöåö íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõåúÏóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÊøóåóãõ ÚöäúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ Ñóæóì¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöåóÇ íóäúÌóÈöÑõ ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊøóÝöÞõ ãöäú Îóáóáò¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúãóáúÍõæÙö ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóãóÇ ÃõÔöíÑó Åöáóíúåö ÞõÈóíúáó ãóÑóÇÊöÈö ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÈóÞóÇÁó ÓöáúÓöáóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ãóäóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(Ëõãøó ÇÚúÊóÈöÑú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ãóÇ ÐõßöÑóÇ) ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæØö (Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æó (áóÇ Êóßõäú) áöÞöáøóÉö ãõÈóÇáóÇÊößó ÈöãóÇ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö (ãõåóæøöÑóÇ) ßóãóäú íóßúÊóÝöí ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÐóÇßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóíóÞúÑóÄõåõ ãöäú Ãóíö äõÓúÎóÉò ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú ÈöÏõæäö ãõÈóÇáóÇÉò.
[ÊóÎúÑöíÌõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö]
(584) æóíõßúÊóÈõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ æóåúæó ÇááøóÍóÞõ ... ÍóÇÔöíóÉð Åöáóì Çáúíóãöíäö íõáúÍóÞõ
(585) ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÂÎöÑó ÓóØúÑò æóáúíóßõäú ... áöÝóæúÞõ æóÇáÓøõØõæÑõ ÃóÚúáóì ÝóÍóÓóäú(3/86)
(586) æóÎóÑøöÌóäú áöáÓøóÞúØö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÓóÞóØú
ãõäúÚóØöÝðÇ áóåõ æóÞöíáó Õöáú ÈöÎóØú ... (587) æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÇßúÊõÈú ÕóÍøó Ãóæú ÒöÏú ÑóÌóÚóÇ
Ãóæú ßóÑøöÑö ÇáúßöáúãóÉó áóãú ÊóÓúÞõØú ãóÚóÇ ... (588) æóÝöíåö áóÈúÓñ æóáöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóÕúáö
ÎóÑøöÌú ÈöæóÓúØö ßöáúãóÉö ÇáúãóÍóáøö ... (589) æóáöÚöíóÇÖò áóÇ ÊõÎóÑøöÌú ÖóÈøöÈö
Ãóæú ÕóÍøöÍóäú áöÎóæúÝö áóÈúÓò æóÃõÈöí
[ÊóÎúÑöíÌõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö æóÃóÕúáõåõ] :
(ÊóÎúÑöíÌõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö) Ãóíú: ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö áóåõ æóãóÇ ÃõáúÍöÞó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö áöáúÍóæóÇÔöí æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉö Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò Ýöí äõÒõæáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÛóíúÑõ Ãõæáöí ÇáÖøóÑóÑö} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 95] ÈóÚúÏó äõÒõæáö: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 95] ßóãóÇ Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: (ÝóÃóáúÍóÞúÊõåóÇ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøöí ÃóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ãõáúÍóÞöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÕóÏúÚò Ýöí ßóÊöÝò) .
[ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö] :
(æóíõßúÊóÈõ ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ) ÛóáóØðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (æóåúæó) Ãóíö: ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúßõÊøóÇÈö (ÇááøóÍóÞõ) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇááøóÇãö æóÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÔóÏó ÇáúãõÈóÑøöÏõ:
ßóÃóäøóåõ Èóíúäó ÃóÓúØõÑò áóÍóÞñ.
ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞö¡ (ÍóÇÔöíóÉð) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæú Èóíúäó ÓõØõæÑöåö Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊøóÓöÚóÉð áóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö Ãóæúáóì áöÓóáóÇãóÊöåö ãöäú ÊóÛúáöíÓò ãóÇ íóÞúÑóÃõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÓøõØõæÑõ ÖóíøöÞóÉð ãõÊóáóÇÕöÞóÉð¡ æóáúíóßõäö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÓøóØúÑö Åöäú áóãú íóÊóßóÑøóÑú (Åöáóì) ÌöåóÉò (Çáúíóãöíäö) ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈóíö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö áöÔóÑóÝöåö (íóáúÍóÞõ ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú) ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ (ÂÎöÑó ÓóØúÑò) ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõáúÍóÞõ Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúíóÓóÇÑö áöáúÃóãúäö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãöäú äóÞúÕò Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáöíóßõæäó ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÅöäó ÃóáúÍóÞó ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áöÌöåóÉö(3/87)
Çáúíóãöíäö¡ ÝóÇáúíóÓóÇÑõ Ãóæúáóì.
ÝóÅöäú ÊóßóÑøóÑó ÃõáúÍöÞó ÇáËøóÇäöí áöÌöåóÉö ÇáúíóÓóÇÑö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ áóæú ÌõãöÚóÇ Ýöí ÌöåóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäó ÃõáúÍöÞó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúíóÓóÇÑö æóÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí Çáúíóãöíäö áóÞóÇÈóáó ØóÑóÝóÇ ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌóÊóíúäö¡ æóÕóÇÑó íõÊóæóåøóãõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåö ÃóÍóÏó ØõÑõÞö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: íõÈúÚöÏõ ÇáÊøóæóåøõãó ÑõÄúíóÉõ ÇááøóÍóÞö ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö ãõÞóÇÈöáó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌóÊóíúäö.
æóáúíóßõäö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóØúÑö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö Åöäú áóãú íóÒöÏú Úóáóì ÓóØúÑò ãõáóÇÕöÞðÇ áöÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÕóÇÚöÏðÇ (áöÝóæúÞõ) ÈöÖóãö ÇáúÞóÇÝö¡ Åöáóì ÃóÚóáóì ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö áóÇ äóÇÒöáðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÝóáöåóÇ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö æõÞõæÚö ÓóÞúØò ÂÎóÑó Ýöíåö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÏõ áóåõ ãõÞóÇÈöáóåõ ãóæúÖöÚðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóÊóÈó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Åöáóì ÃóÓúÝóáó.
(æó) Åöäøó ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÓóØúÑò ÝóáúÊóßõäö (ÇáÓøõØõæÑõ ÃóÚúáóì) ÇáØøõÑøóÉö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõ áöãóÍóáøöåö äóÇÒöáðÇ ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓúÝóáó ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóäúÊóåöí ÓõØõæÑõåõ Åöáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇááøóÍóÞõ Ýöí ÌöåóÉö Çáúíóãöíäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøöãóÇáö ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó ÓõØõæÑóåõ ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈò Åöáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóäúÊóåöí ÓõØõæÑõåõ Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö ØóÑóÝö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö¡ åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõßúÊóÈõ ÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇááøóÍóÞõ äóÇÒöáðÇ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÞúØö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóæú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÇäúÚóßóÓó ÇáúÍóÇáõ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇäúÊöåóÇÁõ ÇáúåóÇãöÔö ÞóÈúáó ÝóÑóÇÛö ÇáÓøóÞúØö ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó ÈöÃóÚúáóì ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÃóÓúÝóáöåóÇ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇááøóÍóÞõ ãöäú ßöáóÇ ÇáúÌöåóÊóíúäö (Ýó) åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍõ ÞóÏú (ÍóÓõäó) ãöãøóäú íóÝúÚóáõåõ¡ ßõáøõ åóÐóÇ Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ ÈöÚóÏóãö áóÍóÞò ÞóÈúáóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóØúÑö äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈò ãöäúåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúåóÇãöÔõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöåóÊóíúäö ÚóÑöíÖðÇ ßóãóÇ åõæó ÕóäöíÚõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäúåõ æóáóãú íóÖöÞú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÍóÈúßö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÊóÍóÑøóì ÝöíãóÇ íóÒõæáõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÅöáúÈóÇÓõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÙúáöãõ Èöåö ÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓõ ãóÚó ÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÅöíÕóÇáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÈöØóÑóÝö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö¡(3/88)
Èóáú íóÏóÚõ ãóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúÍóßøó ãöÑóÇÑðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÚóØøóáó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÅöÛúÝóÇáö Ðóáößó ÇáúßóËöíÑõ.
(æóÎóÑøöÌóäú) Èöäõæäö ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúÎóÝöíÝóÉö (áöáÓøóÞúØö) Ãóíö: ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈúÊóåõ Ãóæú ÓóÊóßúÊõÈõåõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú (ÍóíúËõ ÓóÞóØú) ÎóØøðÇ ÕóÇÚöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÊö ÇáÓøóØúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóæúÞóåõ íóßõæäõ (ãõäúÚóØöÝðÇ áóåõ) Ãóíú: áöÌöåóÉö ÇáÓøóÞúØö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö íóÓöíÑðÇ áöíóßõæäó ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóíúåö.
(æóÞöíáó) : áóÇ ÊóßúÝöí ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÇáöÇäúÚöØóÇÝö Èóáú (Õöáú) Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóØøö æóÃóæøóáö ÇááøóÍóÞö ÈöÎóØøò ãõãúÊóÏøò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÌúæóÏõ ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ãóÒöíÏö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö.
Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑóÖöíøò. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøóåõ ÊóÓúÎöíãñ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÊóÓúæöíÏñ áóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäú ßóËõÑó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ. æóáöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö.
äóÚóãú Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ íõÞóÇÈöáõ ÇáäøóÞúÕó ÎóÇáöíðÇ¡ æóÇÖúØõÑøó áößöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ÈöãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ ãóÏøó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÇáúÎóØøó Åöáóì Ãóæøóáö ÇááøóÍóÞö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏõ.
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: ÌóíøöÏñ ÍóÓóäñ. æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ¡ Èóáú íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÞõÈóÇáóåõ Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ: íóÊúáõæåõ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö. Ãóæú äóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ÑóãúÒñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÒõæáõ Èöåö ÇááøóÈúÓõ.
(æóÈóÚúÏóåõ) Ãóíú: ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö æóáóæú ßóáöãóÉð (ÇßúÊõÈú) ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇÆöåö æóËõÈõæÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö (ÕóÍøó) ÕóÛöíÑóÉð ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ (Ãóæú ÒöÏú)(3/89)
ãóÚóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú (ÑóÌóÚóÇ Ãóæú) áóÇ ÊóßúÊõÈú æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇßúÊõÈö: ÇäúÊóåóì ÇááøóÍóÞõ. ßóãóÇ ÍóßøóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóÝöíåöãóÇ ÊóØúæöíáñ¡ Ãóæö ÇÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì (ÑóÌúÚò) ßóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ.
Ãóæú (ßóÑøöÑö ÇáúßöáúãóÉó) ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇááøóÇãö¡ ÇáøóÊöí (áóãú ÊóÓúÞõØú) ãöäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóåöíó ÊóÇáöíóÉñ áöáúãõáúÍóÞö ÈöÃóäú ÊóßúÊõÈóåóÇ ÈöÇáúåóÇãöÔö ÃóíúÖðÇ (ãóÚóÇ æó) åóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÌúæóÏõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÑóÖöíøò. æóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ - æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö -: (Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÓóäò) . (æóÝöíåö áóÈúÓñ) ÝóÑõÈøó ßóáöãóÉò ÊóÌöíÁõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Èóáú ËóáóÇËðÇ áöãóÚúäðì ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÑøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúßóáöãóÉó áóãú äóÃúãóäú Ãóäú ÊõæóÇÝöÞó ãóÇ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóßúÑöíÑõåõ ; ÅöãøóÇ ÌóÒúãðÇ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉð ãõæóÌøóåóÉð¡ Ãóæö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáðÇ ÝóÊõæÌöÈõ ÇÑúÊöíóÇÈðÇ æóÒöíóÇÏóÉó ÅöÔúßóÇáò. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍõ. áóßöäú ÞóÏú äõÓöÈó áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ: Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇäúÊóÙóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóíõÙóäøõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóßöäøóåõ äóÇÏöÑñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: íõÈúÚöÏõåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉõ ÈöÓõáõæßö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáö áóåõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊõ æóãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ ÇáÑøóãúÒõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÑóÃõ¡ ßóÃóäú áóÇ ÊõÌóæøóÏó ÇáúÍóÇÁõ ãóäú ÕóÍøó ßóãóÇ åõæó ÕóäöíÚõ ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóßóÃóäøó áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö ÇÓúÊóÍóÈøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÕúÛöíÑóåóÇ.
(æóáö) ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú (ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóÕúáö) ãöãøóÇ íõßúÊóÈõ Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÔóÑúÍò Ãóæú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò Ãóæú ÊóäúÈöíåò Úóáóì ÛóáóØò Ãóæö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ãóæú äõÓúÎóÉò Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ (ÎóÑøöÌú) áóåõ (ÈöæóÓúØö) ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö (ßöáúãóÉö) ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇááøóÇãö (ÇáúãóÍóáøö) ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÔúÑóÍõ¡ Ãóæú íõäóÈøöåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ áóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúßóáöãóÊóíúäö áöíóÝúÊóÑöÞó ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ (æó) áóßöäú (áöÚöíóÇÖò áóÇ ÊõÎóÑøöÌú) Èóáú (ÖóÈøöÈö) Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö (Ãóæú ÕóÍøöÍóäú) Èöäõæäö ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúÎóÝöíÝóÉö¡ Ãóíö: ÇßúÊõÈú (ÕóÍøó) ÚóáóíúåóÇ(3/90)
(áöÎóæúÝö) ÏõÎõæáö (áóÈúÓò) Ýöíåö ÍóíúËõ íõÙóäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö áößóæúäö ÐóÇßó åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøó ÈöÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö áóåõ.
(æó) ÞóÏú (ÃõÈöí) ; Ãóíú: ãõäöÚó ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ ; áöÃóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÈøóÉö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö ÇÕúØõáöÍó Èöåö áöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ ÝóÎóæúÝõ ÇááøóÈúÓö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÇÕöáñ¡ Èóáú åõæó Ýöíåö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ áöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞö ÕõæÑóÊóíö ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö ÈöÞóÏúÑò ÒóÇÆöÏò æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃõÔöíÑó áöáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÈöÍóÇÁò ãõåúãóáóÉò ãóãúÏõæÏóÉò¡ æóáöáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÈöÎóÇÁò ãõÚúÌóãóÉò Åöäú áóãú íõÑúãóÒú áóåóÇ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌó Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÏóáøõ) . ÞóÇáó: (æóÝöí äóÝúÓö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö ãóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúÅöáúÈóÇÓó¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ. æóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ: ãóÍóáøõ Þóæúáö ÚöíóÇÖò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åõäóÇßó ÚóáóÇãóÉñ ÊõãóíøöÒõåõ¡ ßóáóæúäö ÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö Ãóæú ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáúÞóáóãö) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáúíõáóÇÍóÙú Ýöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÔöí æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõØõæÑö¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ãóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúÍóßøó ãöäú ÌóæóÇäöÈö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÖúÌóÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö áóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÔóÏó ÇáÔøóÑöíÝõ ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøõ áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò:
ãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóáóÇ ... íóÖúÌóÑõ ãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉò íõÞóÇÓöíåóÇ
ÏóÑóÇåöãó áöáúÚõáõæãö íóÌúãóÚõåóÇ ... æóÚöäúÏó äóÔúÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõÝúäöíåóÇ
íõÖúÌöÑõåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöí ÏóÝóÇÊöÑöåö ... æóßóËúÑóÉõ ÇááøóÍúÞö Ýöí ÍóæóÇÔöíåóÇ(3/91)
íóÛúÓöáõ ÃóËúæóÇÈóåõ æóÈöÒøóÊóåõ
ãöäú ÃóËóÑö ÇáúÍöÈúÑö áóíúÓó íõäúÞöíåóÇ
æóÇááøóÍóÞõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÙúãö ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúÍóÇÁö æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÎóÝøóÝóåóÇ áöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøöÚúÑö.
æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ:
ÎóíúÑõ ãóÇ íóÞúÊóäöí ÇááøóÈöíÈõ ßöÊóÇÈñ ... ãõÍúßóãõ ÇáäøóÞúáö ãõÊúÞóäõ ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö
ÎóØøóåõ ÚóÇÑöÝñ äóÈöíáñ æóÚóÇäóÇåõ ... ÝóÕóÍøó ÇáÊøóÈúíöíÖõ ÈöÇáÊøóÓúæöíÏö
áóãú íóÎõäúåõ ÅöÊúÞóÇäõ äóÞúØò æóÔóßúáò ... áóÇ æóáóÇ ÚóÇÈóåõ áöÍóÇÞõ ÇáúãóÒöíÏö
æóßóÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌó Ýöí ØõÑøóÊóíúåö ... ØõÑóÑñ ÕóÝøóÞóÊú ÈöíÖó ÇáúÎõÏõæÏö
ÝóíõäóÇÌöíßó ÔóÎúÕõåõ ãöäú ÞóÑöíÈò ... æóíõäóÇÏöíßó äóÕøõåõ ãöäú ÈóÚöíÏò
ÝóÇÕúÍóÈóäøóåõ ÊóÌöÏúåõ ÎóíúÑó ÌóáöíÓò ... æóÇÎúÊóÈöÑúåõ ÊóÌöÏúåõ ÂäóÓó ÇáúãõÑöíÏö
æóáóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóæóÇÔöíó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóãúáößõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÐúäö ãóÇáößöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍõ Ýöíåö ÝóÌóæøóÒóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÏõæäöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞöíÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
[ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍõ æóÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖõ]
(590) æóßóÊóÈõæÇ ÕóÍøó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÖö ... áöáÔøóßøö Åöäú äóÞúáðÇ æóãóÚúäðì ÇÑúÊõÖöíó
(591) æóãóÑøóÖõæÇ ÝóÖóÈøóÈõæÇ ÕóÇÏðÇ ÊõãóÏú ... ÝóæúÞó ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó æõÑõæÏðÇ æóÝóÓóÏú
(592) æóÖóÈøóÈõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞóØúÚö æóÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö ... æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÕõÑö ÇáúÎóæóÇáöí
(593) íóßúÊõÈõ ÕóÇÏðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÚóØúÝö ÇáöÇÓúãóÇ ... Êõæåöãõ ÊóÖúÈöíÈðÇ ßóÐóÇßó ÅöÐú ãóÇ
(594) íóÎúÊóÕöÑõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍó ÈóÚúÖñ íõæåöãõ ... æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãöíÒõåõ ãóäú íóÝúåóãõ
[ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍõ] : (ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍõ) æóåõæó ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ (ÕóÍøó) (æóÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖõ) æóåõæó ÇáÊøóÖúÈöíÈõ(3/92)
(æóßóÊóÈõæÇ) Ãóíú: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö æóãóäú ÊóÃóÓøóì Èöåöãú: (ÕóÍøó) ÊóÇãøóÉð ßóÈöíÑóÉð¡ Ãóæú ÕóÛöíÑóÉð æóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ (Úóáóì) Ãóíú: ÝóæúÞó (ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÖö) ãöäú ÍóÑúÝò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó (áöáÔøóßøö) Ãóæö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö áöÃóÌúáö ÊóßúÑöíÑò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö (Åöäú äóÞóáóÇ) Ãóíú: ÑöæóÇíóÉð (æóãóÚúäðì ÇÑúÊõÖöí) ÇáúãõÕóÍøóÍõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÛúÝõáú Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÖõÈöØó æóÕóÍøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÌúåö áöÆóáøóÇ íõÈóÇÏöÑó ÇáúæóÇÞöÝó ãóäú áóãú íóÊóÃóãøóáú Åöáóì ÊóÎúØöÆóÊöåö. æóÞóÇáó íóÇÞõæÊñ ÇáÑøõæãöíøõ Ëõãøó ÇáúÍóãóæöíøõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ: Èóáú ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÔóÇßøðÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÈóÍóËó Ýöíåö Åöáóì Ãóäú ÕóÍøó ÝóÎóÔöíó Ãóäú íõÚóÇæöÏóåõ ÇáÔøóßøõ ÝóßóÊóÈóåóÇ áöíóÒõæáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóßøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ßóæúäóåóÇ ÊõßúÊóÈõ ÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÍóÑúÝö åõæó ÇáúÃóÔúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ßõÊöÈóÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö ãóËóáðÇ áóÇ ÈöÌóÇäöÈöåö áöÆóáøóÇ íõáúÊóÈóÓó¡ ßóÝóì¡ áöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ (ÕóÍøò) Úóáóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ãóæú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ßöÊóÇÈóÊóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóÑøóÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÖö åõæó ÇáúÃóÔúåóÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÊóßóÑøóÑóÊú ßóáöãóÇÊñ Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉñ íóßúÊõÈõ ÚóÏóÏóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÈöÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúÌõãóáö.
[ÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖõ] : (æó) ßóÐóÇ (ãóÑøóÖõæÇ ÝóÖóÈøóÈõæÇ) ãóÇ ãóÑøóÖõæåõ ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáõæÇ (ÕóÇÏðÇ) ãõåúãóáóÉð ãõÎúÊóÕóÑóÉð ãöäú " ÕóÍøó "¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÚúÌóãóÉð ãöäú (ÖóÈøóåõ) (ÊõãóÏú) ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÌúæöíÝò áöáúãóÏøö Èóáú åóßóÐóÇ " ÕóÜ " (ÝóæúÞó ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó) ãöäú ÍóÑúÝò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ (æõÑõæÏðÇ) Ãóíú: ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúæõÑõæÏö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ (æó) áóßöäú (ÝóÓóÏú) ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÛóíúÑó ÌóÇÆöÒò ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÔóÇÐøðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÌõãúåõæÑö ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãõÕóÍøóÝðÇ Ãóæú äóÇÞöÕðÇ áößóáöãóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ Ãóæú ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ Ãóæú ãõÄóÎøóÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÔúÈóÇåõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎóáúØò áöáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈöÇáúãõãóÑøóÖö ; áöÆóáøóÇ íóáúÊóÈöÓó ÈöÎóØøö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÇáúÂÊöí¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÕöÛóÑö ÝóÊúÍóÊöåóÇ ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð ÈöäöÕúÝö " ÕóÍøó " Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö áóãú Êóßúãõáú Ýöí(3/93)
ÐóÇßó ÇáúãóÍóáøö ãóÚó ÕöÍøóÉö äóÞúáöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÊóäúÈöíåðÇ Èöåö áöãóäú íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóËóÈøöÊñ Ýöí äóÞúáöåö ÛóíúÑõ ÛóÇÝöáò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊõÕøó ÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóÍóÊøõãö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóáøóãö Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú áóÚóáøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãöãøóäú íóÞöÝõ Úóáóíúåö íõÎóÑøöÌõ áóåõ æóÌúåðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ.
íóÚúäöí: æóíóÊøóÌöåõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÇÈúäö ãóÇáößò Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö " ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö "¡ Ãóæú íóÙúåóÑõ áóåõ åõæó ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí ÊóæúÌöíåö ÕöÍøóÊöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõ ÇáúÂäó¡ ÝóíóÓúåõáõ Úóáóíúåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÊóßúãöíáõåóÇ (ÕóÍøó) ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÚóáóÇãóÉõ ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÖö áöáÔøóßøö.
æóæóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö íóÇÞõæÊò ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÖøóÈøóÉõ - æóåöíó ÈóÚúÖõ (ÕóÍøó) - ÊõßúÊóÈõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò Ýöíåö Ôóßøñ ; áöíõÈúÍóËó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÍóÑøóÑó áóåõ ÃóÊóãøóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÇÁö ÝóÊóÕöíÑõ (ÕóÍøó) ¡ æóáóæú ÌóÚóáó áóåóÇ ÚóáóÇãóÉð ÛóíúÑóåóÇ áóÊóßóáøóÝó ÇáúßóÔúØó áóåóÇ¡ æóßóÊóÈó (ÕóÍøó) ãóßóÇäóåóÇ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóßóæúäõ ÇáÖøóÈøóÉö áóíúÓóÊú áöáúÌóÒúãö ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÃóíøóÏõ Èöåö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãöäú ÓóÏøö ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú ÙõåõæÑö ÊóæúÌöíåö ãóÇ Ùõäøó ÎóØóÄõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÌóÇÓóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú - æóÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãöäú ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöí ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ßóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ - ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúæóÞúÔöíøö ÃóÍóÏö ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÃóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö.
ÝóßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊöáúãöíÐõåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ: ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ áóãú íóÊøóÌöåú áóåõ æóÌúåõåõ ÃóÕúáóÍóåõ ÈöãóÇ íóÙõäøõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏðÇ Úóáóì æõËõæÞöåö ÈöÚöáúãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇááøõÛóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÊóÈóíøóäó æóÌúåõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÛóíøóÑóåõ Åöáóíúåö ÎóØóÃñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÎóØóÃð ãóÍúÖðÇ ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö æóÇÞöÝò Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóÊóÈó ÝóæúÞóåõ (ßóÐóÇ) ÕóÛöíÑóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÈóíøóäó(3/94)
ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ÈöÇáúåóÇãöÔö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö.
æóÇÓúÊõÚöíÑó ÇÓúãõ ÇáÖøóÈøóÉö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÖóÈøóÉö ÇáúÞóÏóÍö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÌúÚóáõ áöãóÇ íóßõæäõ Èöåö ãöäú ßóÓúÑò Ãóæú Îóáóáò¡ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ íõÎúÏóÔõ Ýöíåö ÈöÃóäøó ÖóÈøóÉó ÇáúÞóÏóÍö áöáúÌóÈúÑö æóåöíó åõäóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÌóÇÈöÑóÉð¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ÌõÚöáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚóíúäö Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö Îóáóáñ.
æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÖóÈøóÉö ÇáúÈóÇÈö áößóæúäö ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ãõÞúÝóáðÇ áóÇ íóÊøóÌöåõ áöÞöÑóÇÁóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÖøóÈøóÉó íõÞúÝóáõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓöíøõ ÇáäøóÍúæöíøõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøõ¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÇÈúäö ÇáúÅöÝúáöíáöíøö ÈößóÓúÑóÉö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÝóÇÁò¡ äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ÅöÝúáöíáó ÞóÑúíóÉò ÈöÑóÃúÓö Úóíúäò ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö¡ áößóæúäö ÓóáóÝöåö äóÒóáõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ íóÑúæöí Úóäö ÇáúÃõÕóíúáöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÚóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáØøõÈúäöíøõ¡ ãóÇÊó Ýöí Ðöí ÇáúÞóÚúÏóÉö ÓóäóÉó ÅöÍúÏóì æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò 441 åÜ Úóäú ÊöÓúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÈúÑöíÒöíøõ Ýöí (ãõÎúÊóÕóÑöåö) : æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÕõæÑóÉö ÖóÈøóÉò áöíõæóÇÝöÞó ÕõæÑóÊõåóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ. æóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÈöÎóØøö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ãóÇ ÍóÇÕöáõåõ: ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÊóÓúãöíóÊöåóÇ ÖóÈøóÉð Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÖóÇÏõåóÇ ãõÚúÌóãóÉð¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖóì ÊóÊúãöíãöåóÇ ÈöÍóÇÁö (ÕóÍøó) Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõåúãóáóÉð. ÞóÇáó: áóßöäú áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÚúÌóãóÉð¡ (æó) áóãú íóÎõÕøõæÇ ÇáÖøóÈøóÉó ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ Èóáú (ÖóÈøóÈõæÇ) ÃóíúÖðÇ (Ýöí) ãóæúÖöÚö (ÇáúÞóØúÚö æóÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö) áöíóÔúÊóÑößó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáÓøóÞúØö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö áóÇ íõÏúÑößõåõ ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ ÝóíõßúÝóì ÈöãóÇ íóËöÞõ Èöåö ãöäú(3/95)
Ðóáößó ãõÄúäóÉó ÇáÊøóÚóÈö ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÊöíÔö.
(æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÕõÑö ÇáúÎóæóÇáöí) ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö (íóßúÊõÈõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÕóÇÏðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÚóØúÝö ÇáöÇÓúãóÇ) ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÍóíúËõ íõÞóÇáõ ãóËóáðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ.
Ýó (Êõæåöãõ) ãóäú áóÇ ÎöÈúÑóÉó áóåõ ßóæúäóåóÇ (ÊóÖúÈöíÈðÇ) æóáóíúÓóÊú ÈöÖóÈøóÉò¡ Èóáú ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÚóáóÇãóÉõ æóÕúáò ÝöíãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÃõËúÈöÊóÊú ÊóÃúßöíÏðÇ áöáúÚóØúÝö ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÎóÈöíÑö ãóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇæö Úóäú¡ (ßóÐóÇßó ÅöÐú) Ãóíú: ÍóíúËõ (ãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕöÑõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍó ÈóÚúÖñ) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ ÝóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇÏö.
(íõæåöãõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóæúäóåõ ÊóÖúÈöíÈðÇ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöíåóÇãö ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ (æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõãóíøöÒõåõ) ÈöÝóÊúÍö Ãóæøóáöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö (ãóäú íóÝúåóãõ) ÝóÇáúÝöØúäóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ ãöäú ÎóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃõæÊöíóåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ.
[ÇáúßóÔúØõ æóÇáúãóÍúæõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ]
(595) æóãóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íõÈúÚóÏõ ... ßóÔúØðÇ æóãóÍúæðÇ æóÈöÖóÑúÈò ÃóÌúæóÏõ
(596) æóÕöáúåõ ÈöÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÎóØøðÇ Ãóæú áóÇ ... ãöÚú ÚóØúÝöåö Ãóæú ßóÊúÈö áóÇ Ëõãøó Åöáóì
(597) Ãóæú äöÕúÝó ÏóÇÑóÉò æóÅöáøóÇ ÕöÝúÑóÇ ... Ýöí ßõáøö ÌóÇäöÈò æóÚóáøöãú ÓóØúÑóÇ
(598) ÓóØúÑðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ßóËõÑóÊú ÓõØõæÑõåú ... Ãóæú áóÇ æóÅöäú ÍóÑúÝñ ÃóÊóì ÊóßúÑöíÑõåú
(599) ÝóÃóÈúÞö ãóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÓóØúÑò Ëõãøó ãóÇ ... ÂÎöÑõ ÓóØúÑò Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÇ
(600) Ãóæö ÇÓúÊóÌöÏú ÞóæúáóÇäö ãóÇ áóãú íõÖóÝö ... Ãóæú íõæÕóÝú Ãóæú äóÍúæõåõãóÇ ÝóÃóáøöÝö
(ÇáúßóÔúØõ æóÇáúãóÍúæõ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈõ) æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÔóÇÑõ Èöåö áöÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóãõäóÇÓóÈóÊõåõ áöÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÇáÓøóÇÞöØö ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ.
(æóãóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) Ãóíú: íõßúÊóÈõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåöåö¡ (íõÈúÚóÏõ) Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÃõãõæÑò ãöãøóÇ Óóáóßóåõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ:
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáúßóÔúØö æóÇáúãóÍúæö] : ÅöãøóÇ ßóÔúØðÇ ; Ãóíú ÈöÇáúßóÔúØö - æóåõæó ÈöÇáúßóÇÝö æóÇáúÞóÇÝö - ÓóáúÎõ ÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓö ÈöÇáÓøößøöíäö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ÊóÞõæáõ: ßóÔóØúÊõ ÇáúÈóÚöíÑó ßóÔúØðÇ¡ äóÒóÚúÊó ÌöáúÏóåõ¡ æóßóÔóØúÊõ ÇáúÌõáøó Úóäú ÙóåúÑö ÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ æóÇáúÛöØóÇÁó Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÔóÝúÊõ Úóäúåõ. æóÞóÏú íõÚóÈøóÑõ Úóäö ÇáúßóÔúØö(3/96)
ÈöÇáúÈóÔúÑö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÈöÇáúÍóßøö ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáÑøöÝúÞö ÈöÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓö.
[ØõÑõÞõ ÇáúãóÍúæö] : (æó) ÅöãøóÇ (ãóÍúæðÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóÍúæö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÒóÇáóÉõ ÈöÏõæäö ÓóáúÎò ÍóíúËõ Ãóãúßóäó¡ ÈöÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ Ýöí áóæúÍò Ãóæú ÑóÞøò Ãóæú æóÑóÞò ÕóÞöíáò ÌöÏøðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ØóÑóÇæóÉö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö¡ æóÃóãúäö äõÝõæÐö ÇáúÍöÈúÑö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÓúæóÏøõ ÇáúÞöÑúØóÇÓõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóíóÊóäóæøóÚõ ØõÑõÞõ ÇáúãóÍúæö. íóÚúäöí: ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÅöÕúÈóÚö Ãóæú ÈöÎöÑúÞóÉò. ÞóÇáó: æóãöäú ÃóÛúÑóÈöåóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃÓúáóãõåóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÓóÍúäõæäò ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöäú ÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÊóÈó ÇáÔøóíúÁó Ëõãøó áóÚöÞóåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÅöáóì åóÐóÇ íõæãöÆõ ãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇ. íóÚúäöí ãöãøóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ãöäó ÇáúãõÑõæÁóÉö Ãóäú íõÑóì Ýöí ËóæúÈö ÇáÑøóÌõáö æóÔóÝóÊóíúåö ãöÏóÇÏñ. íóÚúäöí: áöÏóáóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöÛóÇáöåö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö: æóåóßóÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÔøöíÑóÇÒöíøö Ãóäøó ËöíóÇÈóåõ ßóÃóäøóãóÇ ÃõãúØöÑóÊú ãöÏóÇÏñ. æóáóÇ íóÃúäóÝõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÃóÏóÈö) Ãóäøó ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÑóÃóì Úóáóì ËóæúÈöåö ÃóËóÑó ÕõÝúÑóÉò ÝóÃóÎóÐó ãöäú ãöÏóÇÏö ÇáÏøóæóÇÉö æóØóáóÇåõ Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãöÏóÇÏõ ÈöäóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäó ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäö. æóÃóäúÔóÏó:
ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäõ ÚöØúÑõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÑóì ... æóãöÏóÇÏõ ÇáÏøõæíö ÚöØúÑõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö
æóäóÍúæõåõ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÝõÖóáóÇÁö ßóÇäó íóÃúßõáõ ØóÚóÇãðÇ ÝóæóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ËóæúÈöåö ÝóßóÓóÇåõ ÍöÈúÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÃóËóÑõ Úöáúãò¡ æóÐóáößó ÃóËóÑõ ÔóÑóåò. æóáöáúÃóÏöíÈö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÝóäúÌõßöÑúÏöíøö:(3/97)
ãöÏóÇÏõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåö Úóáóì ËóæúÈöåö ... ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇáöíåú
æóãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÝöÞúåó Ëõãøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ... ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ åöãøðÉð ÚóÇáöíóåú
æóáóæú ÊóÔúÊóÑöí ÇáäøóÇÓõ åóÐöí ÇáúÚõáõæãó ... ÈöÃóÑúæóÇÍöåöãú áóãú Êóßõäú ÛóÇáöíóåú
ÑõæóÇÉõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöäóÇ ... äõÌõæãñ æóÝöí ÇáúÚõÕõÑö ÇáúÎóÇáöíóåú
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æõÒöäó ÍöÈúÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÏóãõ ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö¡ ÝóíóÑúÌóÍõ ÍöÈúÑõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì Ïóãö ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁö.
Èóáú íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÖóÚöíÝò ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøõãóíúÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «íóÍúÔõÑõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóÍöÈúÑõåõãú ÎóáõæÞñ íóÝõæÍõ» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáÖøóÑúÈö æóÊóÌúæöíÏöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó] : æóÅöãøóÇ (ÈöÖóÑúÈò) Úóáóì ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö æóåõæó (ÃóÌúæóÏõ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóíúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ áöÞóæúáö ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ: ÇáúÍóßøõ ÊõåúãóÉñ. íóÚúäöí: ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúåóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊõÍóÑøóßõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÊøöåóÇãö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÍóíúËõ íóÊóÑóÏøóÏõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝõ Úóáóíúåö - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - ÃóßóÇäó ÇáúßóÔúØõ áößöÊóÇÈóÉö ÔóíúÁò ÈóÏóáóåõ Ëõãøó áóãú íóÊóíóÓøóÑú¡ Ãóæú áóÇ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú íóÒõæáõ ÇáöÇÑúÊöíóÇÈõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÈößöÊóÇÈóÉö (ÕóÍøó) Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇÖö ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú íóÝúÚóáõåõ¡ äóÚóãú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ãóÇ ßõÔöØó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÕóÍöíÍóÉò¡ ÝóíóÔõÞøõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÑóÇãó ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÚóæúÏõ ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóØøó Úóáóíúåö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöÚóáóÇãóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóÍúÑò ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö(3/98)
ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöåö - ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚúäöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÈúåóãó - æóßóÇäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎõ íóßúÑóåõæäó ÍõÖõæÑó ÇáÓøößøöíäö ãóÌúáöÓó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÈúÔóÑó ÔóíúÁñ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ äóÔóÃó áóåõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ßóæúäõåõ ÛóáóØðÇ ÓóÈóÞó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóáóãõ ÝóÇáúßóÔúØõ Ãóæúáóì ; áöÆóáøóÇ íõæåöãó ÈöÇáÖøóÑúÈö Ãóäøó áóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ. Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑó áöÊóÚúáöíáö ÇáúÃóÌúæóÏöíøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóÔúØö ãöäú ãóÒöíÏö ÊóÚóÈò íóÖöíÚõ Èöåö ÇáúæóÞúÊõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÝúÓóÏó ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉó æóãóÇ íóäúÝõÐõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Èóáú áóíúÓó íóÎúáõæ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúæóÑóÞö Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö:
ÍóÏúÞõßó Ýöí ÇáúßóÔúØö Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ... Ãóäøóßó Ýöí ÇáúÎóØøö ßóËöíÑõ ÇáúÛóáóØö
æóÇáúãóÍúæõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ãõÓóæøöÏñ áöáúÞöÑúØóÇÓö¡ æóÃóäúßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÈøóÇáõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ ÇáúÍóßøó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ íõÖúÚöÝõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íõæåöãõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÖõÑöÈó Úóáóíúåö íõÝúåóãõ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ¡ æóíóÓúáóãõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó áößóæúäö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÚóáóÇãóÉð ÈóíøöäóÉð Ýöí ÅöáúÛóÇÁö ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈö Úóáóíúåö ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) áöáúÎóØöíÈö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó ÓóØúÑðÇ ÖõÑöÈó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÇäó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóØøó íóÎúÒõäõ ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊóåõ) . æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúíóÛúãõæÑöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: (ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÓøóØúÑö ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈö ÎöíóÇäóÉñ) .
[ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉõ Ýöí ßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö] :
(æóÕöáúåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáÖøóÑúÈó (ÈöÇáúÍõÑõæÝö)(3/99)
ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ãõÎúÊóáöØðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ÎóØøðÇ) ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÖøóÇÈöØöíäó. ÞóÇáó: æóíõÓóãøóì ÃóíúÖðÇ - íóÚúäöí: ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö - ÇáÔøóÞøó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóåõæó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÞøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÏúÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöäóÇÁö¡ ÒõÌóÇÌðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏúÚö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÕóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÎóØøö ÝóæúÞóåõ ßóÃóäøóåõ ÔóÞøñ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÔóÞøö ÇáúÚóÕóì æóåõæó ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÞõ¡ áößóæúäöåö ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö æóÇáÒøóÇÆóÏö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóíõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÇáäøóÔúÞõ. ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö äõæäò ãóÝúÊõæÍóÉò Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÊóÕúÍöíÝðÇ æóÊóÛúíöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓøóÇÎö ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú äóÔúÞö ÇáÙøóÈúíö Ýöí ÇáúÍöÈóÇáóÉö æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí íõÕóÇÏõ ÈöåóÇ ; Ãóíú: ÚóáöÞó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÈöÇáúÎóØøö æóÅöåúãóÇáöåóÇ ÍóíúËõ ÌõÚöáóÊú Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö æóËóÇÞò íóãúäóÚõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöäúåõ: ÑóÌõáñ äóÔóÞñ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÃõãõæÑò áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÊóÎóáøóÕõ ãöäúåóÇ. æóäóÍúæõ ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøö¡ æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÃóÌúæóÏõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÃóáøóÇ íõØúãóÓó ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú íõÎóØøõ ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåö ÎóØøðÇ ÌóíøöÏðÇ ÈóíøöäðÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ. íóÚúäöí áöáúÃóãúäö ãöäó ÇáöÇÑúÊöíóÇÈö (Ãóæú áóÇ) ÊóÕöáõ ÎóØøó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÈöÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈö Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáö ÇÌúÚóáúåõ ÃóÚúáóÇåõ ßóÇáúÃóæøóáö ÃóíúÖðÇ áóßöäú ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäúåõ (ãóÚó ÚóØúÝöåö) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÎóØøó ãöäú ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ßóÇáäøõæäö ÇáúãõäúÞóáöÈóÉö.
ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú æóÞóÇáó - æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö -: (Åöäøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÓúÊóÞúÈöÍõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈó ÈöÞöÓúãóíúåö æóíóÑóÇåõ ÊóÓúæöíÏðÇ æóÊóÛúáöíÓðÇ æóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ(3/100)
ÓóíóÃúÊöí) (Ãóæú ßóÊúÈö) ; Ãóíú: æóíõÈúÚöÏõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈößóÊúÈö (áóÇ) Ãóæú (ãöäú) Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö (Ëõãøó Åöáóì) Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - ÝöíãóÇ íõÌóæøöÒõæäó Ãóäøó äóÝúíóåõ Ãóæú ÅöËúÈóÇÊóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊøóÝóÞò Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ æóáöÐóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáÑøóãúÒõ áöãóäú æóÞóÚó ÚöäúÏóåõ Ãóæú äõÝöíó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÞúÊóÕóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóãúÒö áóßöäú ÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏõ ßóáöãóÉð Ãóæú äóÍúæóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò: (Åöäøó ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö ÊóÍúÓõäõ ÝöíãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò æóÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÃõÎúÑóì) ¡ (Ãóæú äöÕúÝó) ; Ãóíú: íõÈúÚóÏõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÊóÍúæöíÞö äöÕúÝö (ÏóÇÑóÉò) ßóÇáúåöáóÇáö¡ ÍóßóÇåõãóÇ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóÍó ÛóíúÑõåõ ËóÇäöíóåõãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ (æóÅöáøóÇ ÕöÝúÑóÇ) ; Ãóíú: íõÈúÚóÏõ ÈöÊóÍúæöíÞö ÕöÝúÑò¡ æóåõæó (ÏóÇÆöÑóÉñ) ãõäúØóÈöÞóÉñ ÕóÛöíÑóÉñ¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÎö ÇáúãõÍóÓøöäöíäó áößõÊõÈöåöãú.
ÞóÇáó: æóÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó áöÎõáõæøö ãóÇ ÃõÔöíÑó Åöáóíúåö ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö áóåóÇ ÈöÐóáößó áöÎõáõæö ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóÏò.
Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÔöíÑó áöáÒøóÇÆöÏö ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝúÑö æóäöÕúÝö ÇáÏøóÇÆöÑóÉö Ýóáúíóßõäú Ýöí ßõáøö ÌóÇäöÈò ÈöÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ æóáóãú íóáúÊóÈöÓú ÈöÇáÏøóÇÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÌúÚóáõ ÝóÕúáðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÃóÚúáóì ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö ßóÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ.
(æóÚóáøöãú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ áöãóÇ ÊõÈúÚöÏõåõ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(ÓóØúÑðÇ) ÓóØúÑðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ßóËõÑóÊú ÓõØõæÑõåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏõ¡ ÈöÃóäú ÊõßóÑøöÑó Êöáúßó ÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓóØúÑò æóÂÎöÑöåö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáúÅöíÖóÇÍö.
(Ãóæú áóÇ) ÊõßóÑøöÑúåóÇ Èóáö ÇßúÊóÝö ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ØóÑúÝóíö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö ÝóÞóØú. ÍóßóÇåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú.
(æóÅöäú ÍóÑúÝñ) íóÚúäöí ßóáöãóÉð Ãóæú ÛóíúÑóåóÇ (ÃóÊóì ÊóßúÑöíÑõåú) ÛóáóØðÇ (ÝóÇÈúÞö) Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö (ãóÇ) åõæó (Ãóæøóáõ ÓóØúÑò) ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäó ÇáúãõßóÑøóÑö Ãóæö ÇáËøóÇäöí (Ëõãøó) Åöäú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÃóæøóáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÈúÞö (ãóÇ) åõæó (ÂÎöÑõ ÓóØúÑò)(3/101)
ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÖúÑõæÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÑóÇÚóÇÉð áöÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõØõæÑö Ëõãøó ÃóæóÇÎöÑöåóÇ Ãóäú ÊõØúãóÓó æóÊõÔóæøóåó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóßúÑóÇÑõ áóåõãóÇ æóÓóØó ÇáÓøóØúÑö (ÝóÇÈúÞö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÇ) ãöäúåõãóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßõÊöÈó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÎóØóÃñ¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÅöÈúØóÇáö.
(Ãóæö ÇÓúÊóÌöÏú) ; Ãóíú: ÃóÈúÞö ÃóÌúæóÏóåõãóÇ ÕõæÑóÉð æóÃóÏóáøóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö.
æóåóÐóÇäó (ÞóæúáóÇäö) ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÍößóÇíóÊóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÑóÇÚóÇÉò áöÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõØõæÑö¡ æóãóÍóáøõåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÚöíóÇÖò ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÇ Ýöí æóÓóØö ÇáÓøóØúÑö ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ.
(æóãóÇ áóãú íõÖóÝö) ÇáúãõßóÑøóÑõ (Ãóæú íõæÕóÝó Ãóæú äóÍúæõåõãóÇ) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ßóÇáúÚóØúÝö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó (ÝóÃóáøöÝö) Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö æóÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏóÃö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÈöÃóäú ÊóÖúÑöÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúãõÊóØóÑøöÝö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóÑøöÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÓøöØö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÕöáú ÈöÇáÖøóÑúÈö Èóíúäó Ðóáößó ãõÑóÇÚöíðÇ ÈöÇáúÝóÕúáö áóÇ Ãóæøóáó æóáóÇ ÃóÌúæóÏó ; ÅöÐú ãõÑóÇÚóÇÉõ ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈóÉö áöáúÝóåúãö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Ðóáößó. æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö.
[ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃõãõæÑò] :
æóãöãøóÇ íõäóÈøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÃõãõæÑñ ; ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÊóÞúÏöíãñ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑñ ; Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóßúÊõÈõ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ßöÊóÇÈóÉð: íõÄóÎøóÑõ. æóÃóæøóáó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö: íõÞóÏøóãõ. æóÂÎöÑóåõ (Åöáóì) ßõáøö Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÕúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúåóÇãöÔö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÑúãõÒõ áöÐóáößó ÈöÕõæÑóÉö (ãöíãò) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÓóäñ ÈöÃóäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÍóáøõ ÞóÇÈöáðÇ áöÊóæóåøõãö Ãóäøó Çáúãöíãó ÑóÞúãñ áößöÊóÇÈö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÍóáøóåõ Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò áößóæúäö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ßóÇäó íóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö ÇáÖøóÑúÈó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóßöÊóÇÈóÊóåóÇ Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåóÇ.
ËóÇäöíåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕúáóÍó ÔóíúÆðÇ äóÔóÑóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÌöÝøó áöÆóáøóÇ íõØúÈöÞóåõ ÝóíóäúØóãöÓó ÝóíóÝúÓõÏó ÇáúãõÕúáóÍõ æóãóÇ(3/102)
íõÞóÇÈöáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÚó ÊóÑøóÈóåõ ÈöäõÍóÇÊóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÌö¡ æóíóÊøóÞöí ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáó ÇáÑøóãúáö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÒöíáó ÃóËóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÌóÝóÇÝöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöáúÃóÑóÖóÉö. æóßóÐóÇ íóÊøóÞöí ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈó¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) .
æóÓóÇÞó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÌóÈöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÈöÌóÇäöÈöí¡ ÝóßóÊóÈúÊõ ÕóÝúÍðÇ Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈúÊõ áöÃõÊóÑøöÈóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÑóÖóÉó ÊõÓúÑöÚõ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ( «ÊóÑøöÈõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈó ãõÈóÇÑóßñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóäúÌóÍõ áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö» ) . ÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ áóÇ íóÓúæóì ÝöáúÓðÇ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøö: áóÇ íõÍúÝóÙõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÌóíøöÏò. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: Åöäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö ãöäú (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÍóãúÒóÉó ÇáäøóÕöíÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÝóáúíõÊóÑøöÈúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóäúÌóÍõ áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö» ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÞöÈóåõ: Åöäøóåõ ãõäúßóÑñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ãöäú (Óõäóäöåö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÈóÞöíøóÉó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúßóáóÇÚöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ áóßöäú ÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «ÊóÑøöÈõæÇ ÕõÍõÝóßõãú ÃóäúÌóÍõ áóåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈó ãõÈóÇÑóßñ» ) Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÚóÏöíøò Ýöí (ßóÇãöáöåö) ¡ áóÝúÙõ ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ: ( «ÊóÑøöÈõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇÓúÍõæåõ - Ãóíö: ÇÞúÔõÑõæåõ ãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáöåö - ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóäúÌóÍõ áöáúÍóÇÌóÉö» ) .
æóÚóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÃóÈöí ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö(3/103)
Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «ÊóÑøöÈõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóäúÌóÍõ áóåõ» ) Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúæóÇåöíóÉö¡ æóíõãúßöäõ - Åöäú ËóÈóÊó - Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÞúÕóÏõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÈúÞóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÝóÚõ ÇáúÃóÑóÖóÉó ßöÊóÇÈóÉó: (ÝóÇÑöÞú ãóÇÑöÞö ÇÍúÈöÓú ÍóÈúÓðÇ Ãóæú ßóÈóáøöÍú) . ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ËóÇáöËõåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕúáóÍó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ãóæú ÍóÐúÝò Ãóæú ÊóÍúÑöíÝò æóäóÍúæöåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÞóÏöíãò Èöåö ÃóÓúãöÚóÉñ ãõÄóÑøóÎóÉñ¡ ÍóÓõäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÔóíúÎóäóÇ¡ ÝóÚóáóåõ Ãóäú íõäóÈøöåó ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì ÊóÇÑöíÎö æóÞúÊö ÅöÕúáóÇÍöåö áöíóßõæäó ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ÞóÑóÃó ÞóÈúáõ ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãóäú äóÞóáó ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÈóÕöíÑóÉò ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóæúÞóÇÊöåö íõãóíøöÒõ ãóÇ íóÊóÌóÏøóÏõ áóåõ Ýöí ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö ÈöÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö áöÊõíóÓøöÑó ÅöáúÍóÇÞóåõ áöãóäú ßóÊóÈóåõ ÞóÈúáõ.
ÑóÇÈöÚõåóÇ: ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞõ æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Èöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ýöíåö ÅöáúÍóÇÞñ æóÅöÕúáóÇÍñ ÝóÇÔúåóÏú áóåõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö Ïõßóíúäò ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ßöÊóÇÈó ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÔóÌøóÌðÇ - íóÚúäöí: ßóËöíÑó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö - ÝóÃóÞúÑöÈú Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö. æóÃóäúÔóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÇáÒøóíøóÇÊö íóÕöÝõ ÏóÝúÊóÑðÇ:
æóÃóÑóì ÑõÔõæãðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈößó áóãú ÊóÏóÚú ... ÔóßøðÇ áöãõÑúÊóÇÈò æóáóÇ áöãõÝóßøöÑö
äõÞóØñ æóÃóÔúßóÇáñ ÊóáõæÍõ ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ... äóÏóÈõ ÇáúÎõÏõæÔö ÊóáõæÍõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÓúØõÑö
ÊõäúÈöíßó Úóäú ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÎóÝúÖöåö ... æóÇáäøóÕúÈö Ýöíåö áöÍóÇáöåö æóÇáúãóÕúÏóÑö(3/104)
æóÊõÑöíßó ãóÇ ÊóÚöíóÇ Èöåö ÝóÊõÚöíÏõåõ
ßóÞóÑöíäóÉò æóãõÞóÏøóãðÇ ßóãõÄóÎøóÑö
ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ äóÑóÇåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÈöÏóáöíáò áöáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ áößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÏøóÎöíáö æóÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö ÇáúãõÍöíáö.
[ÇáúÚóãóáõ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö]
(601) æóáúíóÈúäö ÃæøóáðÇ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóåú ... ßöÊóÇÈóåõ æóíõÍúÓöäö ÇáúÚöäóÇíóåú
(602) ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÈößóÊúÈö ÑóÇæò ÓõãøöíóÇ ... Ãóæú ÑóãúÒò Ãóæú ÈößóÊúÈöåóÇ ãõÚúÊóäöíóÇ
(603) ÈöÍõãúÑóÉò æóÍóíúËõ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ... ÍóæøóÞóåõ ÈöÍõãúÑóÉò æóíóÌúáõæ ßóíúÝó
(ÇáúÚóãóáõ Ýöí) ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó (ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö) áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáØøõÑõÞö Ýöí ÅöÈúÚóÇÏö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö Ãóäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ ÝöíãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖò¡ äóÇÓóÈó ÅöÑúÏóÇÝóåõ ÈößóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö (æóáúíóÈúäö ÃóæøóáðÇ) æóÞúÊó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö (Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóåú) ÎóÇÕøóÉð (ßöÊóÇÈóåõ) æóáóÇ íóÌúÚóáúåõ ãõáóÝøóÞðÇ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÈóÇÓö.
(æó) ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ (íõÍúÓöäö ÇáúÚöäóÇíóåú ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ) Ãóíú: ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÕøóáó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóíõÈóíøöäú ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóÎóÇáõÝõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ãóæú äóÞúÕò Ãóæú ÅöÈúÏóÇáö áóÝúÙò ÈöáóÝúÙò Ãóæú ÍóÑóßóÉò áöÅöÚúÑóÇÈò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÈößóÊúÈö ãóÇ ÒóÇÏó Ãóæú ÃõÈúÏöáó Ãóæö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÅöÚúÑóÇÈõåõ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõØõæÑö Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚóÊú¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÈöÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö.
Ãóæú (ÈößóÊúÈö ÑóÇæò) ÚóÑóÝó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó Ãóæö ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÝó Ãóæö ÇáúãõÈúÏóáó Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈó¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ (ÓóãøóíóÇ) åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ; Ãóíú: ßóÊóÈóåõ ÈöÇÓúãöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ ãöãøóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö (Ãóæú) ÑóãóÒó áóåõ (ÑóãúÒðÇ) ÈöÍóÑúÝò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ãóÑøó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØöåö¡ ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÅöíÖóÇÍò ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÖóãøóåõãóÇ ÈöãóßóÇäò æóÇÍöÏò.
(Ãóæú) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö (ÈößóÊúÈöåóÇ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ(3/105)
ãöäú ÅöÈúÏóÇáò æóÅöÚúÑóÇÈò¡ æóåõæó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ãõÚúÊóäöíðÇ) Èöåö (ÈöÍõãúÑóÉò) ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞóÉö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÞóÇÈöÓöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö æóÇáúãõÞóíøöÏöíäó¡ ÛóíúÑó äóÇÙöÑöíäó áöÍößóÇíóÉö ÊöáúãöíÐö ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáúåöÏóÇíóÉö) ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö ßóÑóÇåóÉó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉó ÈöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÔöÚóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÌõæÓö æóØóÑöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÎõÖúÑóÉò Ãóæú ÕõÝúÑóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúæóÇäö ÇáúãõÈóÇíöäóÉö áöáúãöÏóÇÏö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö Èöåö ÇáúÃóÕúáõ.
(æóÍóíúËõ ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ) ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÕøóáó Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÆðÇ (ÍóæøóÞóåõ) ÈöÏóÇÆöÑóÉò ßóãóÇ ÔõÑöÍó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú Èö (áóÇ) Ëõãøó (Åöáóì) ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãóÇ íóÓúáõßõåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ (ÈöÍõãúÑóÉò) Ãóæú ÎõÖúÑóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ (æóíóÌúáõæ) Ãóíú: íõæóÖøöÍõ ãõÑóÇÏóåõ ãöäú ÑóãúÒò Ãóæú áóæúäò¡ ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ãóËóáðÇ: ÞóÏú ÑóãóÒúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí åóÐóÇ áöÝõáóÇäò ÈößóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÔóÑúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò ÈöÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÎõÖúÑóÉö. Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ÈöÃóæøóáö ßõáøö ãõÌóáøóÏò Ãóæú ÂÎöÑöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõ ÍöÝúÙóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÐößúÑóåõ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ äóÓöíó ãóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍóåõ Ýöíåö áöØõæáö ÇáúÚóåúÏö¡ Èóáú æóíóÊóÚóØøóáõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóäú íóÞóÚõ áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈõåõ Úóäö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö Èöåö ÍóíúËõ íóÕöíÑõ Ýöí ÍóíúÑóÉò æóÚóãðì¡ æóáóÇ íóåúÊóÏöí áöáúãõÑóÇÏö ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáÑøõãõæÒö Ãóæö ÇáúÃóáúæóÇäö.
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉó ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ãóÚó ÇáØøõÑõÞö ãöäó ÇáúãõåöãøóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöÇãúÊöíóÇÒö (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÔøõÑõæÍö¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöíåö ãóÍúÐõæÑñ áöáúÞóÇÕöÑöíäó ÍóíúËõ íóÖõãøõ Íöíäó ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉð ãóÚó ÃõÎúÑóì ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóáúÝöíÞõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóáúíóßõäú ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊõ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÖóÈúØö ãóÇ íõÎúÊóáóÝõ Ýöíåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ÌóíøöÏó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ ßóíúáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöØó æóÊóÔúÊóÈöåó ÝóíóÝúÓõÏó Úóáóíúåö ÃóãúÑõåóÇ.
[ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÇáÑøóãúÒö]
(604) æóÇÎúÊóÕóÑõæÇ Ýöí ßóÊúÈöåöãú ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ... Úóáóì ËóäóÇ Ãóæú äóÇ æóÞöíáó ÏóËóäóÇ(3/106)
(605) æóÇÎúÊóÕóÑõæÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ Úóáóì ÃóäóÇ
Ãóæú ÃóÑóäóÇ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ÃóÈóäóÇ
(ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÇáÑøóãúÒö) ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÍõÑõæÝö ÕöíóÛò ãöãøóÇ íóÊóßóÑøóÑõ æõÞõæÚõåõ ßóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ãóÚó ãóÓúÃóáóÊóíö ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöÜ (ÞóÇáó) æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÍúÐóÝõ ÎóØøðÇ¡ æóÍóÇÁö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóäóÏóíúäö¡ æóãõäóÇÓóÈóÊõåõ áöãóÇ ÞóÈöáóåõ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ.
[ÑõãõæÒõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ] :
(æóÇÎúÊóÕóÑõæÇ) Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõãú¡ (Ýöí ßóÊúÈöåöãú) Ïõæäó äõØúÞöåöãú (ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ) ÈöÍóíúËõ ÔóÇÚó Ðóáößó æóÙóåóÑó ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóáúÊóÈöÓõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÍúæöÌõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝó Úóáóíúåö ßóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ Åöáóì ÈóíóÇäò¡ æóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ãöäúåóÇ (Úóáóì ËóäóÇ) ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö.
(Ãóæú) íõáúÛöí Ãóæøóáó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì (äóÇ) ÇáÖøóãöíÑö ÝóÞóØú¡ (æóÞöíáó) íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì (ÏóËóäóÇ) ÝóíóÊúÑõßõ ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÁó ÝóÞóØú¡ ßóãóÇ æóÌóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÎóØøö ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö: ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö¡ æóÊöáúãöíÐöåöãóÇ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö¡ (æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÇÎúÊóÕóÑõæÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ) Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÍúÐöÝõ ÇáúÎóÇÁó æóÇááøóÐóíúäö ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúßóáöãóÉö æóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ (Úóáóì ÃóäóÇ) ÇáúÃóáöÝö æóÇáÖøóãöíÑö ÝóÞóØú¡ (Ãóæú) íóÖõãøõ Åöáóì ÇáÖøóãöíÑö ÇáÑøóÇÁó ÝóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì (ÃóÑóäóÇ) æóÝöí ÎóØøö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÁö ÝóíóßúÊõÈõ " ÃóÎú äóÇ " æóáóßöäøóåõ áóãú íõÔúÊóåóÑú¡ (æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó (ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ) æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Úóáóì (ÃóÈóäóÇ) ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÎóÇÁö æóÇáÑøóÇÁö ÝóÞóØú¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÈöÍóÓóäò.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ áöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÈóÇåöåóÇ " ÈöÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ " æóÅöäú áóãú íóÕúØóáöÍõæÇ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö " ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ " ßóãóÇ äõÔóÇåöÏõåõ ãöäú ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóßóÐóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõæÇ ãöäú " ÃóäóÇ "(3/107)
Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÇáÖøóãöíÑö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ýöí " ËóäóÇ " ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóÕöíÑõ " ÑóäóÇ " áöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíÝö ÇáÑøóÇÁö ÏóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóáúÊóÈöÓõ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉö Ýöí " ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ "¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: áöÆóáøóÇ íõÍóÑøöÝó ÇáÑøóÇÁó ÒóÇíðÇ.
æóãöäó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåöãú ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÇÓúÊõÞúÑöÆó ãöäú ÕóäöíÚöåöãú ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÃóáöÝö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö ãöäúåõãõÇ Åöáóì ÌöåóÉö Çáúíóãöíäö ßóÃóäøóåõ áöíóÍúÕõáó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒõ ÈöÐóáößó ÚóãøóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúãõÔóÇÈöåóÉö áóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúäö æóÔóÈóåöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ " Íó " Ýöí " ËóäóÇ " æó " ÃóÎú " Ýöí " ÃóäóÇ " ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö: (Åöäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚóÌóãö¡ æóáóíóÓó ãöäó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) . åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÐóßøóÑö ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö áöÖóãöíÑö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÄóäøóËõ ÇáúãõÖóÇÝõ áöáúÌóãúÚö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ " ÍóÏøóËóäöí " æó " ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí " ÇáúãõÖóÇÝóÇäö áöÖóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÊóÕöÑõæäóåõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõãú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ãöäú ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Èóáú æóÚóäú ÎóØøö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÁö.
[ÑóãúÒõ ÞóÇáó æóÍóÐúÝõåóÇ]
(606) ÞõáúÊõ æóÑóãúÒõ ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ íóÑöÏú ... ÞóÇÝðÇ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÍóÐúÝõåóÇ ÚõåöÏú
(607) ÎóØøðÇ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøõØúÞö ßóÐóÇ ... Þöíáó áóåõ æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáäøõØúÞõ ÈöÐóÇ
[ÑóãúÒõ ÞóÇáó æóÍóÐúÝõåóÇ] (ÞõáúÊõ) : æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõ " ËóäóÇ " æó " ÃóäóÇ " ãöãøóÇ ÃõÔöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö Ýó (ÑóãúÒõ ÞóÇáó) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö (ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Èóíúäó ÑõæóÇÊöåö (íóÑöÏú) ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ÞóÇÝðÇ) ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð ÝóíóÕöíÑõ åóßóÐóÇ " Þó ËóäóÇ "¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÎóØøóåõãóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö¡ Èóáú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÐóáößó æóßóÊóÈó ÈöÎóØøöåö Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) : ÞóËóäóÇ. ÍóÊøóì Êóæóåøóãó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÑóÂåóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúæóÇæõ ÇáúÝóÇÕöáóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáÑøóãúÒõ áóåóÇ ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ (æó) áóßöäú (ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö:(3/108)
(ÍóÐúÝõåóÇ) ßõáøöåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ æóÑóÃúÓðÇ (ÚõåöÏú) ÝöíãóÇ ÌóÑóì Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ÎóØøðÇ) ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú íóÍúÐöÝõæäó ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãöËúáö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÞóÇáó: (æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøõØúÞö) ÈöåóÇ ÍóÇáó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö áóÝúÙðÇ.
íóÚúäöí áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáúÝóÕúáõ Èóíúäó ßóáóÇãóíö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó áöáÊøóãúíöíÒö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÝúÕóáú Ýóåõæó ãõÖúãóÑñ¡ æóÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØó ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ßóãóÇ ÃóÔúÚóÑó Èöåö ÊóÚúÈöíÑõåõ.
äóÚóãú ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöí (ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ) ÈöÃóäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöåóÇ áóÇ íõÈúØöáõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóØóÃñ ãöäú ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó áöÐóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ÍóÐúÝó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ.
æóÊóÈöÚóåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí (ÊóÞúÑöíÈöåö) ÝóÞóÇáó: ÊóÑúßõåóÇ ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ Èóáú ÌóÒóãó Èöåö Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö (ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ýóáóæú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ áóÝúÙó " ÞóÇáó " Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúØóÃó¡ æóÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÕóÍöíÍñ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ æóíóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÐúÝö áöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÕóÑøóÍó ÇáÔøöåóÇÈõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇááøóØöíÝö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÑóÍøöáö ÇáäøóÍúæöíøõ ÈöÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó åóáú íóßúÝöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöÇáÑøóãúÒö áóåóÇ¿ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ: äóÚóãú.
æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúßöÑúãóÇäöíøõ Ýöí " ÞóÇáó " æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí " ËóäóÇ " æó " ÃóäóÇ " ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: æóíóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÞóÇÑöÆö Ãóäú íóáúÝöÙó Èößõáøò ãöäú " ÞóÇáó " æó " ËóäóÇ " æó " ÃóäóÇ " ÕóÑöíÍðÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ÊóÑóßó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó(3/109)
ãõÎúØöÆðÇ¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ÕóÍöíÍñ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ æóáöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÝö.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÞóÇáó " Î ". æóíõÑöíÏõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ. Ãóæú íóÞõæáó: " ËóäóÇ Î ". æóãõÑóÇÏõåõ: ËóäóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ. æóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: " ËóäóÇ ã ". æóíõÑöíÏõ: ËóäóÇ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöáóÇÒöãò áößóæúäöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøöíóÛö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóæóÞøóÝó ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÑøóãúÒö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÔóÇÚó æóÚõÑöÝó ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóãúÒö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö äóÞúÕö ÇáúÃóÌúÑö áöäóÞúÕö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö.
æóßóÃóäøóåõ íõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÑóãúÒö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöíóÛö ßöÊóÇÈóÉð Ïõæäó ÑóãúÒöåöãóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð¡ æóÝöíåö ÊóæóÞøõÝñ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö ÈöÇáäøõØúÞö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÑóãúÒðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÑøóÍó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈöãõÕóÇÏóãóÉö ÊóÕúÍöíÍò ÇáúßöÑúãóÇäöíøö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó áöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó.
ÞóÇáó: æóÇáøóÐöí íóÙúåóÑõ áöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõåõ - Ãóíö: ÇáúÍóÐúÝõ Ýöí " ËóäóÇ " æó " ÃóäóÇ "¡ æóÝöí ãöËúáö " ËóäóÇ Î "¡ æó " ËóäóÇ ã " - æóÌóæóÇÒõåõ Ýöí " ÞóÇáó " íóÚúäöí ÞóÈúáó: " ËóäóÇ " ; áöÃóäøó " ËóäóÇ " ÈöãóÚúäóì: ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ¡ ÝóÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ ÅöÚóÇÏóÉö " ÞóÇáó " áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò. ÇäúÊóåóì.
(æóßóÐóÇ) ãöãøóÇ ÚõåöÏó ÍóÐúÝõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÝúÙõ " Ãóäøóåõ " Ýöí ãöËúáö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøõÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÞúÏöíÑóåõ: ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ. æóÞóæúáö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö¡ ÓóãöÚó ÌóÚúÝóÑó Èúäó Úóæúäò.
æó (ßóÐóÇ Þöíáó áóåõ) Ýöí ãöËúáö: ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò¡ Þöíáó áóåõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóßó ÝõáóÇäñ¡ (æóíóäúÈóÛöí) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãóÚó ãõáóÇÍóÙóÉö ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí " ÞóÇáó " áöáúÞóÇÑöÆö ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÇáäøõØúÞõ ÈöÐóÇ) ; Ãóíú: Þöíáó áóåõ. æóßóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóæóÞóÚó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö Ðóáößó: ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. ÝóåóÐóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Ýöíåö ÈöÜ " ÞóÇáó "¡ íóÚúäöí: áóÇ Þöíáó áóåõ¡ áößóæúäöåö ÃóÎúÕóÑó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó: Þöíáó áóåõ. ÞõáúÊõ ßóãóÇ ÚóÈøóÑó Èöåö Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ãõÞóÏúãóÉö (ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò) áöãóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó.(3/110)
[æóÖúÚõ " Íó " Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóãóÚúäóÇåóÇ]
(608) æóßóÊóÈõæÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇäúÊöÞóÇáò ãöäú ÓóäóÏú ... áöÛóíúÑöåö (Íó) æóÇäúØöÞóäú ÈöåóÇ æóÞóÏú
(609) ÑóÃóì ÇáÑøõåóÇæöíøõ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ ÊõÞúÑóÇ ... æóÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÇÆöáò æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì
(610) ÈóÚúÖõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÛóÑúÈö ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáóÇ ... ãóßóÇäóåóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÞóØú æóÞöíáóÇ
(611) Èóáú ÍóÇÁõ ÊóÍúæöíáò æóÞóÇáó ÞóÏú ßõÊöÈú ... ãóßóÇäóåóÇ ÕóÍøó ÝóÍøðÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÇäúÊõÎöÈú
[æóÖúÚõ " Íó " Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóãóÚúäóÇåóÇ] :
(æóßóÊóÈõæÇ) Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÑõæãõæäó ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó ÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúåö Ãóæú ÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåö¡ (ÚöäúÏó ÇäúÊöÞóÇáò ãöäú ÓóäóÏú áöÛóíúÑöåö " Íó ") ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö ãõåúãóáóÉð ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÝöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ãõÞóÏúãóÉö (ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏõ. Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ: Ãóåöíó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇÆöáö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÍúæöíáö Ãóæú ÕóÍøó Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¿ æóåóáú íõäúØóÞõ ÈöåóÇ " ÍóÇ " Ãóæú íõÕóÑøóÍõ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÑõãöÒó ÈöåóÇ áóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÑõæÑö ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ãóæú áóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö (æóÇäúØöÞóäú ÈöåóÇ) ßóãóÇ ßõÊöÈóÊú ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð¡ æóãõÑøó Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÊößó. íóÚúäöí: ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóáóÝõ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÔóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøöíäó ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóßöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÚóíøóäò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÃóÍúæóØõ ÇáúæõÌõæåö æóÃóÚúÏóáõåóÇ.
(æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÑøóÍøóÇáõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÇáÑøõåóÇæöíøõ) äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ÇáÑøõåóÇ ÈöÇáÖøóãøö áöáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö (ÈöÃóäú) ; Ãóíú: Ãóäú (áóÇ ÊõÞúÑóÇ) Ãóæú áóÇ íõáúÝóÙó ÈöÔóíúÁò ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ (æóÃóäøóåóÇ) áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Èóáú åöíó " ÍóÇ " (ãöäú ÍóÇÆöáò) ÇáøóÐöí íóÍõæáõ Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóíúÆóíúäö ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÌóÒó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåóÇ ÍóÇáóÉð Èóíúäó(3/111)
ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú Úóäú ãóÔóÇíöÎöåö¡ æóÝöíåöãú ÚóÏóÏñ ßóÇäõæÇ ÍõÝøóÇÙó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö¡ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÇÆöáò áóßöäú ãóÚó ÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ßõáøóãóÇ æóÕóáó Åöáóì " Íó " ÞóÇáó: ÍóÇÌöÒñ. æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáäøõØúÞö ÈöãóÚúäóÇåóÇ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó (æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÈóÚúÖõ) ÚõáóãóÇÁö (Ãõæáöí ÇáúÛóÑúÈö) Íöíäó ÐóÇßóÑúÊõåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÕóäöíÚö ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö ßóÇÝøóÉð (ÈöÃóäú) ; Ãóíú: Ãóäú (íóÞõæáóÇ) ãóäú íóãõÑøõ ÈöåóÇ (ãóßóÇäóåóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÞóØú) Ãóíú: ÝóÞóØú. æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäö ÇáÑøõåóÇæöíøö ÅöäúßóÇÑó ßóæúäöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóßóÃóäøóåõ áößóæúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóãú íõÐúßóÑú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÐúßõæÑóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóæúÑóÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú Óõãóíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÞóÇáó: ÌöÆúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÊøóì ÏóÎóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÃõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Íó¡ æóËóäóÇ. æóÓóÇÞó ÓóäóÏðÇ ÂÎóÑó Åöáóì ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãóÑúæóÇäó «Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÃõãøó ÓóáóãóÉó ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íõÏúÑößõåõ ÇáúÝóÌúÑõ æóåõæó ÌõäõÈñ ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÛúÊóÓöáõ æóíóÕõæãõ» . Ýóíõãúßöäõ ÚóÏóãõ ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÞöíáóÇ) ãöãøóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÌóãóÚóÊúåõ æóÅöíøóÇåõ ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ ÈöÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÝõÖóáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøöíäó ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ (Èóáú) åöíó (ÍóÇÁõ ÊóÍúæöíáò) ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏò Åöáóì ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÂÎóÑó.
(æóÞóÇáó) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (ÞóÏú ßõÊöÈó) ÝöíãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙóíúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáÕøóÇÈõæäöíøö æóÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÚõãóÑó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇááøóíúËöíøö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøö (ãóßóÇäóåóÇ) ÈóÏóáðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ (ÕóÍøó) ÕóÑöíÍóÉð¡ íóÚúäöí(3/112)
äóÍúæó ãóÇ íõÌúÚóáõ Èóíúäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÔúÚöÑõ Èößóæúäö ÇáúÍóÇÁö ÑóãúÒðÇ Åöáóì ÕóÍøó¡ (ÝóÍóÇ) ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö (ãöäúåóÇ ÇäúÊõÎöÈó) . Ãóíö: ÇÎúÊöíÑó Ýöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÓõäó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ " ÕóÍøó " åóÇåõäóÇ áöÆóáøóÇ íõÊóæóåøóãó Ãóäøó ÍóÏöíËó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÓóÞóØó¡ æóáöÆóáøóÇ íõÑóßøóÈó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝóíõÌúÚóáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍóæøõáö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆó íóáúÝöÙõ ÈöåóÇ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áóãõ íóÎúÊóáöÝú ãóäú ÍóßóíúäóÇ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ÍóÇÁð ãõåúãóáóÉð¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú Íóßóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÊóæóåøóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÎóÇÁñ ãõÚúÌóãóÉñ. Ãóíú: ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö íõÑöíÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÂÎöÑðÇ æóÃóÎöíÑðÇ. ÒóÇÏó ÛóíúÑõåõ: Ãóæú ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏò Åöáóì ÅöÓúäóÇÏò. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÔóÃúäöåóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÊóÈóíøóäú áóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøõ: æóíõÞóÇáõ: (Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ ãöäú ÕóäöíÚöåö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóáóãú íóÃúÊöäóÇ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöãøóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÈóíóÇäñ áöÃóãúÑöåóÇ) .
[ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö]
(612) æóíóßúÊõÈõ ÇÓúãó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóåú ... æóÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ãõßóãøóáóåú
(613) ãõÄóÑøóÎðÇ Ãóæú ÌóäúÈóåóÇ ÈöÇáØøõÑøóåú ... Ãóæú ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö æóÅöáøóÇ ÙóåúÑóåú
(614) ÈöÎóØøò ãóæúËõæÞò ÈöÎóØøò ÚõÑöÝóÇ ... æóáóæú ÈöÎóØøöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö ßóÝóì
(615) Åöäú ÍóÖóÑó Çáúßõáøó æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóãúáóì ... ãöäú ËöÞóÉò ÕóÍøóÍó ÔóíúÎñ Ãóãú áóÇ(3/113)
(616) æóáúíõÚöÑö ÇáúãõÓúãóì Èöåö Åöäú íõÓúÊóÚóÑú
æóÅöäú íóßõäú ÈöÎóØøö ãóÇáößò ÓõØöÑú ... (617) ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÍóÝúÕñ æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ
ßóÐóÇ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑöíøõ ÝóÑúÖóåóÇ ÅöÐú ÓöíáõæÇ ... (618) ÅöÐú ÎóØøõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÖóÇ Èöåö Ïóáú
ßóãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáú ... (619) æóáúíóÍúÐóÑö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑõ ÊóØúæöíáðÇ æóÃóäú
íõËúÈöÊó ÞóÈúáó ÚóÑúÖöåö ãóÇ áóãú íõÈóäú
(ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö) æóßóíúÝöíøóÊõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÃõáúÍöÞó ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö æóãõäóÇÓóÈóÊöåö áöáúÚóãóáö Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ãóÍóáøöåöãóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæú ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ æóÓøóØó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÃóÙúåóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
[ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö æóÔõÑõæØõåõ] :
(æóíóßúÊõÈõ) ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ÇÓúãó ÇáÔøóíúÎö) ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÑóÃó Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ãöäúåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ãóæú ÌõÒúÁðÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóãóÇ íóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÇáöÇÓúãö ãöäú äóÓóÈò æóäöÓúÈóÉò æóßõäúíóÉò æóáóÞóÈò æóãóÐúåóÈò¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö¡ ãóÚó ÓöíóÇÞö ÓóäóÏöåö ÈöÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö áöãõÕóäøöÝöåö Ýöí ËóÈúÊöåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÎõÕøõåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑõæãõ ÊóÍúÕöíáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö.
(ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóåú) ÝóíóÞõæáõ ãóËóáðÇ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÝõáóÇäò ÝõáóÇäõ Èúäõ ÝõáóÇäò ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóíóÓõæÞõ ÇáÓøóäóÏó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó.
(æó) Åöäú ÓóãöÚó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑóåõ ÝóáúíóßúÊõÈú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó (ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó) ÅöãøóÇ (ÞóÈúáóåóÇ) Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉó ÝóæúÞó ÓóØúÑöåóÇ (ãõßóãøóáóåú) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑò áöãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ÈöÏõæäöåö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÍóÐúÝò áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú.
æóÇáúÍóÐóÑó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãöäú ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇÓúãö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú áöÛóÑóÖò ÝóÇÓöÏò¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãõÓóÏøðì¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö æóÔóíúÎöåö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ íõÕóÏøöÑóÇäö ÇáØøöÈóÇÞó ÈöÐóæöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóíóÇ Úóáóì(3/114)
ÐößúÑöåöãú ÊóÑóßóÇ ÇáÔøóÈóÇÈó æóÃóÏúÑóÌóÇåõãú Ýöí Øóíøö áóÝúÙóÉö " æóÂÎóÑöíäó ". æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÚóÏóãõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö Úóäú ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ.
ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÍóÇáó ßóæúäö ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈö (ãõÄóÑøóÎðÇ) ÈöæóÞúÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ãóÐúßõæÑðÇ ãóÍóáøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóáóÏö æóÞóÇÑöÆõåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÚóÏóÏõ ãóÌóÇáöÓöåö Åöäú ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊú¡ ãõÚóíøóäóÉð¡ æóÊóãúíöíÒõ Çáúãõßóãøöáöíäó æóÇáäøóÇÚöÓöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúÈóÇÍöËöíäó æóÇáúßóÇÊöÈöíäó æóÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóæøöÊöíäó æóÇáúíóÞöÙöíäó æóÇáúãõäúÕöÊöíäó æóÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó.
(Ãóæú) íóßúÊõÈõ Ðóáößó (ÌóäúÈóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì (ÈöÇáØøõÑøóåú) íóÚúäöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉó ÇáúãõÊøóÓöÚóÉó áöÐóáößó¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÍößóÇíóÊöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÝöÚúáö ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ÈöÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ãóæú íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚó (ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö) Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (æóÅöáøóÇ) Ãóíú: æóÅöäú áóãú íóßúÊõÈúåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝóíóßúÊõÈõåõ (ÙóåúÑóåõ) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÙóåúÑöåö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ äóÍúæóåõ ÍóíúËõ íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚó ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ áöáúãóÓúãõæÚö ßóÇáúæöÞóÇíóÉö¡ Ãóæú íóßúÊõÈõåõ ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ãóæúÖöÚõåõ ãöäúåõ ãöäú ÍóÇÔöíóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóËúäóÇÁö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
Ýóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö. ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍöåö ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóÍúæóØõ áóåõ æóÃóÍúÑóì ÈöÃóáøóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ãóäú íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö ÞóÏú Íóßóì Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóæúáóì ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö áöÔóÑóÝöåóÇ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóßóÐóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö Åöäú ßóÊóÈó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚó ÈöãóÍóáøò ÛóíúÑö ãõÓóãøðì Ýöíåö ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö ÇáúæóÑóÞóÉö ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÍóíúÑóÉò¡ æóÃóäú íõäóÈøöåó ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÈöÇáúÃóËúäóÇÁö Úóáóì ãóÍóáøöåóÇ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÔóíúÎóäóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÝóíóÞõæáõ ãóËóáðÇ: ÝóÑóÛóåõ ÓóãóÇÚðÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡(3/115)
æóÇáØøóÈóÞóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóßóÇäö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö. æóíõÚóáøöãõ ÈöÇáúåóæóÇãöÔö ÚöäúÏó ÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ßõáøö ãóÌúáöÓò ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ãóËóáðÇ: ÈóáóÛó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò¡ áöÃóÌúáö ãóäú íóÝõæÊõåõ ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ Ãóæú íóÓúãõÚõ ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ.
æóíóäúÈóÛöí ßóãóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈõ (ÈöÎóØøö) ÔóÎúÕò (ãóæúËõæÞò) Èöåö ÛóíúÑö ãóÌúåõæáö ÇáúÎóØøö¡ Èóáú (ÈöÎóØøò ÚõÑöÝóÇ) Èóíúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(æóáóæú) ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚõ (ÈöÎóØøöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö) ãóÚó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåö ÈöÐóáößó (ßóÝóì) ÝóØóÇáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊõ Ðóáößó¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóÚóáóì ßóÇÊöÈö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí Ýöí ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÇáúÃóÝúæóÇÊö æóÈóíóÇäö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö æóÇáúãõÓúãöÚö æóÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò ÈóíøöäóÉò¡ æóßöÊóÇÈóÉò æóÇÖöÍóÉò¡ æóÅöäúÒóÇáö ßõáøò ãóäúÒöáóÊóåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó æóÊóãúíöíÒö ÝóæóÇÊöåöãú ÖóÈúØó äóÝúÓöåö.
(Åöäú ÍóÖóÑó Çáúßõáøõ æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóãúáóì) ãóÇ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ (ãöäú ËöÞóÉò) ÖóÇÈöØò ãöãøóäú ÍóÖóÑó¡ ÝóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö ; Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Ýöí ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÇáËøöÞóÉö áöÖóÈúØö äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ËöÞóÉò ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÃóÝúÕóÍó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÎóØøöåö¡ (ÕóÍøóÍó) Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö (ÔóíúÎñ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúãõÓóãøöÚõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó (Ãóãú áóÇ) .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÈöãóÑúæó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóãøóäú ÍóÏøóËóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøóÉö Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú ÞóÑóÃó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÌõÒúÁðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÝóÑóÖöíøö¡ æóÓóÃóáóåõ ÎóØøóåõ áöíóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó¡ Úóáóíúßó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝúÊó Èöåö áóÇ íõßóÐøöÈõßó ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÊóÕúÏõÞõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ æóÊóäúÞõáõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßõäúÊó ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ; Ýóáóæú Þöíáó áóßó: ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÎóØøõ ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ áóåõãú¿ .
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö: ÞóÏøóãúÊõ áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõÍöÈøö ØóÈóÞóÉð áöíõÕóÍøöÍó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áößóæúäöåö ÇáúãõÓóãøöÚó¡ ÝóßóÑöåó Ðóáößó ãöäøöí¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÚõÏú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö ãóäú íõÔóßøõ Ýöíåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.(3/116)
æóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÓóãøöÚöíäó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõãú Ýöíåö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÇÈöØöíäó¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÝúÕóÍó ÇáúãõÊóÍóÑøöí ãöäúåõãú ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöíåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ äóÝúÓõåõ åõæó ÇáÖøóÇÈöØó ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúÕöÝö íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ áöÞöáøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóãóíøöÒöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó. äóÚóãú¡ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÙúåóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÔóÏøöÏöíäó áöãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÔõåúÑóÉö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö æóÔöÈúåöåö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Úóäö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö áöÐóáößó¡ Èóáú æóÈöÊóÍúáöíÝö ÇáÑøóÇæöí.
ÝóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÏõÍóíúãò ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö: ËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÏöãó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó ; ÝóßóÊóÈó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáÊøóÈõæÐóßöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÐúßõÑó áóßó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÛúÖóÈú ãöäúåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: åóÇÊö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏöíËõ åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÑö¡ áóãú íóÑúæöåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÝøóÇäõ æóÍöÈøóÇäõ¡ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑö ßöÊóÇÈößó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊõåõ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÊóÞõæáõ ãóÇÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÊóÍúáöÝõ áöí Ãóäøóßó ÓóãöÚúÊóåõ ãöäú åóãøóÇãò. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúÊó Ãóäøóßó ßóÊóÈúÊó Úóäøöí ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏóßó ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÝóãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊõßóÐøöÈóäöí Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÝóãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊõÕóÏøöÞóäöí ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÊóÑúãöí ÈöåóÇ¡ ÈöäúÊõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò ØóÇáöÞñ ËóáóÇËðÇ Åöäú áóãú Ãóßõäú ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ãöäú åóãøóÇãò¡ æóæóÇááøóåö áóÇ Ãõßóáøöãõßó ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
æóÓóãöÚó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÌóÇÈöÑò ãöäú ÑõÒóíúÞö Èúäö ÍóíøóÇäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó(3/117)
ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Âááøóåö íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö - æóåöíó ßõäúíóÊõåõ - áóÍóÏøóËóßó ÝõáóÇäñ ÈöåóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚúÊó åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóËóÇ Úóáóì ÑõßúÈóÊóíúåö æóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó æóÞóÇáó: Åöí æóÇááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó.
æóáóÚóáøó ÓóáóÝóåõ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ßõäúÊõ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏöíËðÇ äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäöí ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÛóíúÑöí ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó áöí ÕóÏøóÞúÊõåõ¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò. æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
æóÞóÏú íóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöÇáúÍóáöÝö ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöåóÇÑö ËöÞóÊöåö æóÕöÏúÞöåö¡ áóßöäú áöÊóÒúÏóÇÏó ØõãóÃúäöíäóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãö íóÍúáöÝõ Ýöí ÝóæúÊóíúåö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃõÚöíÏóÇ áóåõ¡ æóÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ æóåúÈò ÝóÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ - æóÇááøóåö - ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò ÈöÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉö. æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
[ÇáúÅöÚóÇÑóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö] :
(æóáúíõÚöÑö) ãóäú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ãóæú ÌõÒúÆöåö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ ÊóÓúãöíÚñ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúãóÇáößö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊó Ýöíåö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ÇáúãõÓúãóì Èöåö) æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó (Åöäú íõÓúÊóÚóÑú) áöíõßúÊóÈó ãöäúåõ Ãóæú íõÞóÇÈóáó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú íõäúÞóáó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ Ãóæú íõÍóÏøóËó ãöäúåõ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚóÇÑöíøóÉõ - ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÎóØøö ÇáúãóÇáößö - ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøóÉñ¡ (æóÅöäú íóßõäú) ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚõ (ÈöÎóØøö ãóÇáößò) áöáúãóÓúãõæÚö (ÓóØóÑóåõ ÝóÞóÏó ÑóÃóì) ÇáúÞóÇÖöíóÇäö (ÍóÝúÕñ) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÛöíóÇËò ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ ÞóÇÖöíåóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÇÖöí ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó áóåõ Ýöí ÌóãóÇÚóÉò: ÃóäúÊõãú ãóÓóÇÑøõ ÞóáúÈöí æóÌóáóÇÁõ ÍõÒúäöí.
æóßóÇäó åõæó íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ æóáöíÊõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÍóÊøóì ÍóáøóÊú áöí ÇáúãóíøöÊóÉõ¡ æóáóÃóäú íõÏúÎöáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöÕúÈóÚóåõ Ýöí Úóíúäóíúåö ÝóíóÞúáóÚóåõãóÇ ÝóíóÑúãöí ÈöåöãóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú Ãóäú(3/118)
íóßõæäó ÞóÇÖöíðÇ. æóáóãøóÇ æóáöíó ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ÊóÚóÇáóæúÇ äóßúÊõÈõ äóæóÇÏöÑó ÍóÝúÕò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú ÞóÖóÇíóÇåõ Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ: Ãóíúäó ÇáäøóæóÇÏöÑõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÍóÝúÕðÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåó ÝóæøóÝóÞóåõ. ãóÇÊó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò æóÎóãúÓöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò (159 åÜ) .
(æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ) Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÏöÑúåóãò ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ ãóæúáóÇåõãõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ ÔóíúÎõ ãóÇáößöíøóÉö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÚóÇáöãõåõãú æóãõÕóäøöÝõ (ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò (282 åÜ) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑöíøõ ÈöÇáÖøóãøö äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøöåö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÇáÖøóÑöíÑõ¡ ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúßóÇÝöí) æó (ÇáúãõÓúßöÊö) æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó æóËóáóÇËöãóÇÆóÉò (317 åÜ) .
(ÝóÑóÖóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÚóÇÑöíøóÉó (ÅöÐú ÓöíáõæÇ) ÈöÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö íóÇÁð ÓóÇßöäóÉð áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÇÏøõÚöíó ÚöäúÏó ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáóíúäö Ýöí Òóãóäöåö Úóáóì ãóäö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú ÚóÇÑöíøóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóÌóÇÈó ÈöÅöáúÒóÇãöåö ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö áöíõäúÙóÑó Ýöíåö ; ÝóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí ãõËúÈóÊðÇ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúãõÏøóÚóì Úóáóíúåö ÃóáúÒóãóåõ ÈöÅöÚóÇÑóÊöåö¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ Ñóæóì Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÇáËøóÇáöËó Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÌöíÁõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Íõßúãñ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ.
(ÅöÐú ÎóØøõåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö Ýöíåö (Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÖóÇ Èöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúãõËúÈóÊö (Ïóáú) íóÚúäöí: æóËóãóÑóÉõ ÑöÖóÇåõ ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇÓúãöåö ÈöÎóØøöåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÚóÏóãõ ãóäúÚö ÚóÇÑöíóÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóáóãú íóÈöäú áöí æóÌúåõåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÇäó áöí Ãóäøó Ðóáößó (ßóãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö) ÇáúãõÊóÍóãøöáö.
íóÚúäöí: ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇÓúÊõÏúÚöíó áóåõ Ãóæö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ (ãóÇ(3/119)
ÊóÍóãøóáó) Ãóíú: ÃóÏóÇÁõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ æõÌõæÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÈóÐúáõ äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÓøóÚúíö Åöáóì ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÍõßúãö áöÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ.
æóæóÌøóåó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÃóäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÚóáóÞóÉò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÅöáúÒóÇãóåõ ÈöÅöÓúÚóÇÝöåö Ýöí ãóÞúÕöÏöåö.
ÃóÕúáõåõ ÅöÚóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúÌöÏóÇÑö áöæóÖúÚö ÌõÐõæÚö ÇáúÌóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÌóãúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Þóæúáóíö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóáúÒóãúäóÇ ÇáúÌóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÚóÇÑöíóÉö ãóÚó ÏóæóÇãö ÇáúÌõÐõæÚö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóáöÃóäú ÊõáúÒöãó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÏóæóÇãö ÇáúÚóÇÑöíóÉö Ãóæúáóì¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóáóæú ÞõáúäóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ: Åöäøó ÎóØøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÓóãóÇÚöåö. áöÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ÅöáúÒóÇãõåõ ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇÒöåö áöÍõÕõæáö ËóãóÑóÊöåö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÃóáúåõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇÓúãöåö æóÞúÊó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáÔøóÇåöÏó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁõ æóáóæú áóãú íõÓúÊóÏúÚó áöáÊøóÍóãøõáö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÞöíóÇÓó ÊóÚúáöíáö ãóÇ ßóÊóÈóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö Èößóæúäöåö ÚóáóÇãóÉð áöáÑøöÖóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÊóÈóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÑöÖóÇåõ ; ßóÇäó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ßóÐóáößó¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóíóÑúÌöÚõ ÍóÇÕöáõ ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÓóãóÇÚó ÛóíúÑöåö ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÈöÑöÖóÇåõ¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõ ÅöÚóÇÑóÊõåõ. æóÊóÈöÚóåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí " ÊóÞúÑöíÈöåö ".
Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáúÝóÞöíåó íóÞõæáõ: ãóÑóÑúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛõ ÈöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÎóíøóÇØö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøó¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇáöÓñ ãóÚó ßóÇÊöÈöåö¡ ÝóÇÏøóÚóíúÊõ ÃóäóÇ Ãóæú åõæó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóäóÇ ÓóãöÚó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÑóÊöåö áöÑóÝöíÞöåö¡ ÝóÓóßóÊó ÓóÇÚóÉð Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó:(3/120)
ÈöÅöÐúäößó ÓóãöÚó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈößó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÚöÑúåõ ÓóãóÇÚóåõ. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÊóÓúãöíÚö ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí áöäóÝúÓöåö ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÃóÌúäóÈöíøõ Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÍúÑóì.
æóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò. æóÃõíøöÏó ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇáößö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÑúæöí ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö áöÛóíúÈóÊöåö Úóäúåõ¡ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ãóäú íõÔóÏøöÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÖóÑöíÑðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÎöáóÇÝóåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÊóÃúÊöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí (ÃóÏóÈö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö) Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÌóãóÇÚóÉò: (ÇäúÓóÎú ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåöãú ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõ) . ÝóÞóÇáó: (Åöäøóåõãú áóÇ íõãóßøöäõæäóäöí) . ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÅöÐóäú æóÇááøóåö áóÇ íõÝúáöÍõæäó¡ ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇãðÇ ãóäóÚõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÝúáóÍõæÇ æóáóÇ ÃóäúÌóÍõæÇ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÚóÞöÈóåõ: (Åöäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóÞúæóÇãðÇ ãóäóÚõæÇ ÝóãóÇ ÃóÝúáóÍõæÇ æóáóÇ ÃóäúÌóÍõæÇ) .
(æóáúíóÍúÐóÑö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑõ) áóåõ ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚõ (ÊóØúæöíáðÇ) Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúæöíáö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÑöíóÉö æóÇáúÅöÈúØóÇÁö ÈöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚóÇÑóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇáößöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏó ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöíõæäõÓó Èúäö íóÒöíÏó: ÅöíøóÇßó æóÛõáõæáó ÇáúßõÊõÈö. ÞóÇáó íõæäõÓõ: ÝóÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇ ÛõáõæáõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÈúÓõåóÇ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåóÇ.
æóÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáúæóÑóÚö Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ÓóãóÇÚó ÑóÌõáò æóßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÝóíóÍúÈöÓóåõ¡ Ýóãóäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú Ùóáóãó äóÝúÓóåõ.(3/121)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÍóÇÒöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ãöäú (ÊóÇÑöíÎö äóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÑóíúÌò íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÍóäúÈóáò íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÏøó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÈóÚúÏó ÓóäóÉò ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó. ÝóáóíúÓó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö.
æóÈóáóÛóäóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúÕöÝö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÛóÇÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚöíÑö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚóÏóÏö æóÑóÞöåö Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÃúÎõÐúåõ áößöÊóÇÈóÉò æóáóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉò æóáóÇ ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉò æóáóÇ ãõØóÇáóÚóÉò. Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßó Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÚö ÈöÈõØõæÁò æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåõ áóÇ íóßúÝöí Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöÇáÏøóÝúÚö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÇÞó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáúÃóãöíÑö ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ãöäú (Ðóíúáöåö) ¡ Ãóäøó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó ÇáúãóÇáößöíøó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú Íóßóãó ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Úóáóíúåö - æóåõæó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö -: Åöäøóåõ íõÚóÐøöÈõäöí Ýöí ßõÊõÈöí ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÝóÚúÊõåóÇ Åöáóíúåö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÎúÑöÌú Åöáóíúåö ãóÇ áóÒöãóßó ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áöáúãõÏøóÚöí: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚóÇÑóßó ÃóÎõæßó ßõÊõÈóåõ áöÊóäúÓóÎóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÚóÐøöÈúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÊõØúÑöÞõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓößó ãóäúÚóßó ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ. ÝóÑóÖöíóÇ ÈöÐóáößó æóØóÇÈóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÝöí áóÝúÙò ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúíóÒúÏöíøö Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö ÚóÇÑöíóÉö ÇáúßõÊõÈö áóåõ ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö áóäóÇ¡ Ãóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö - æóåõæó Óóåúáõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ - ÞóÇáó áöÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó: ÃóÚóÒøó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó¡ åóÐóÇ ÑóÌóáñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó ÈößõÊõÈöí¡ ÝóíõæóËøöÞõ áöí ÍóÊøóì ÃõÚúØöíóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: ÝóÇßúÊóÑö ÑóÌõáðÇ ÈöÏöÑúåóãóíúäö Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò¡ æóÃóÞúÚöÏúåõ ãóÚóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÑõÛó ãöäú äóÓúÎö ÓóãóÇÚöåö.
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[ÕöÝóÉõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏóÇÆöåö]
[ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÕõæäóÉö]
ÕöÝóÉõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏóÇÆöåö.
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(ÕöÝóÉõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏóÇÆöåö) Óöæóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÝöíåö ÝõÕõæáñ: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÖóÑöíÑðÇ Ãóæú ÃõãøöíøðÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãóÕõæäó¡ æóáóæú ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æöÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÍúÖöÑúåõ.
(æóáúíóÑúæö) ÇáÑøóÇæöí (ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö) ÇáúãõÊúÞóäö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö ÇáúãóÕõæäö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÓóãóÇÚõ ãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóåõ ãõÚúÊóãöÏðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ (æóÅöäú ÚóÑöí) ; Ãóíú: ÎóáóÇ (ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö) ÈöÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó íóÍúÝóÙõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíøöÆõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙö¡ (ÝóÜ) ÐóÇßó (ÌóÇÆöÒñ áöáúÃóßúËóÑö) ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö áóÇ ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ßóÝóì¡ æóáóãú íóÖõÑøóåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ - Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö æóáóãú íóÒöÏú Ýöíåö æóáóãú íóäúÞõÕú ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõÛóíøöÑõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÈóáö ÇáÊøóáúÞöíäó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÑúÒóÞú ãöäó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ ÑõÒöÞóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ. ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ ÇáÔøõåõæÏó íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÍóÏøö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóíóÊóÝóÇÖóáõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÊóÝóÇÖõáö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ ÈõÏøðÇ ãöäú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇáúãõÚóæøóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö æóÇáÖøóÈúØö æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò: ÇáúÍöÝúÙõ åõæó ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ.
æóÞóÇáó ãóÑúæóÇäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÝóÒóÇÑöíøõ: (ËóáóÇËóÉñ áóÇ ÛóäóÇÁó áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÚóäúåóÇ ; ÇáúÍöÝúÙõ æóÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÕöÍøóÉõ(3/123)
ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÎúØóÃóåõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙõ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõ áóãú íóÖõÑøóåõ) .
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÞóÇáó: íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóäú íóÊøóÒöÑó ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóíóÑúÊóÏöíó ÈöÇáúßõÊõÈö. ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåö Þóæúáõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó: áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöáÑøóÌõáö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó. áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó áöí ÓóíøöÏöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËú ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò: ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóæúÕöäöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò. æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍöÝúÙó ÎóæøóÇäñ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãöÑúÈóÚò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ: ÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó ÝóÇäúÞóáóÈóÊú áóåõ ÈóÛúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóäõÕöÈó áóåõ ÇáúãöäúÈóÑõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáÑøõÕóÇÝóÉö ÝóÌóáóÓó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: åöíó ÈóÛúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú ÊóÒöáøó ÞóÏóãñ ÈóÚúÏó ËõÈõæÊöåóÇ¡ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÔóíúÈóÉó - íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíóãó - åóÇÊö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏõÑõÓúÊõæóíúåö: ÃõÞúÚöÏó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ÈöÓóÇãóÑøóÇ Úóáóì ãöäúÈóÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÞúÈõÍõ Èöãóäú ÌóáóÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÌúáöÓó Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò. Ëõãøó ÍóÏøóËó ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö¡ ÝóÛóáöØó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÍóÏöíËò.
[ÚóÏóãõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö] :
(æó) Ñõæöíó (Úóäú) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò ÇáúßõæÝöíøö (ÇáúãóäúÚõ) ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö æóÊóÐóßøõÑöåö áöáúãóÑúæöíøö ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ ãöäú Íöíäö ÓóãöÚóåõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íõÄóÏøöíóåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ßóÇäó(3/124)
ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËö ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ æóíóÍúÝóÙõ. æó (ßóÐóÇ) Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö (ãóÇáößò) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóäóÓò ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáÓøõáóíúãóÇäöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóì ØóáóÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) áóåõ¡ æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú ÃóÔúåóÈó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ãóÇáößðÇ: ÃóíõÄúÎóÐõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Úóãøóäú áóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõåõ - ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóåõæó ËöÞóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍñ -¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: Åöäøóåõ íõÎúÑöÌõ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ æóíóÞõæáõ: åõæó ÓóãóÇÚöí. ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÑóì Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ Âãóäõ Ãóäú íõßúÊóÈó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö - íóÚúäöí ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ - ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÈöÇááøóíúáö - Ëõãøó ÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ - æóåõæó áóÇ íóÏúÑöí.
(æó) Ñõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏö ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (ÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøö) ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøö¡ æóäõÓöÈó áöáÒøóíúäö ÇáúßóÊøóäóÇäöíøö ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöí Ãóäú ÃóÑúæöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÏöíËó: (
«
ÃóäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóÇ ßóÐöÈó
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ÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö
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) áöÃóäøöí ãöäú Íöíäö ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ áöãó ÃóäúÓóåõ.
æóÙóÇåöÑõ Þóæúáö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÞõæáó ãóÞóÇáóÉð ÞóÏú ÞõÏøöÑó Ãóäú ÃóÞõæáóåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí áóÚóáøóåóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÃóÌóáöí¡ Ýóãóäú æóÚóÇåóÇ æóÚóÞöáóåóÇ æóÍóÝöÙóåóÇ ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóäúÊóåöíó Èöåö ÑóÇÍöáóÊõåõ¡ æóãóäú ÎóÔöíó ÃóáøóÇ íóÚöíóåóÇ ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ ÃõÍöáøõ áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóßúÐöÈó Úóáóíøó.
æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÛóÇÝöÞöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí(3/125)
(ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö) ÈöáóÝúÙö: «ÂÎöÑõ ãóÇ ÚóåöÏó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: (Úóáóíúßõãú ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö¡ æóÓóÊóÑúÌöÚõæäó Åöáóì Þóæúãò íõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäøöí - Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉð ÊõÔúÈöåõåóÇ - Ýóãóäú ÍóÝöÙó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö) » ÞóÏú íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÍóÇáó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÑúæöí ãóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÊóÇÈõ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöåö¡ æóíóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÚóãøóÇ ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ ÇáÔøóßøõ Ýöíåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÚóÞöÈó ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö: (ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóÝúÙóÊóíúäö ÛóÑöíÈóÊóíúäö: ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: (íõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó) . æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Þóæúáõåõ: (Ýóãóäú ÍóÝöÙó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö) ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÝóÙúåõ) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóßóÐóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ Þóæúáõ åõÔóíúãò: ãóäú áóãú íóÍúÝóÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ íóÌöíÁõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÈößöÊóÇÈò ßóÃóäøóåõ ÓöÌöáøõ ãõßóÇÊóÈò. æóãöäú Ëóãøó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ÞóáøóÊö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöåóÐóÇ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ßóËöíÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò Ýóåõæó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÏøöÏöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÝúÑóØõæÇ æóÈóÇíóäõæÇ ÈöÕóäöíÚöåöãõ ÇáúãõÊóÓóÇåöáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÝóÑøóØõæÇ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÇÊö¡ æóãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú ÊõÞóÇÈóáú¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÈõÓöØó Ýöí ãóÍóÇáøöåö.
æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÈöíóÏöåö Ãóãú ÈöíóÏö ËöÞóÉò ÖóÇÈöØò¡ æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú - æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö - ßóæúäóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÎóÑóÌó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ Úóäú íóÏöåö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöäú ãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÍóÏøóËó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð(3/126)
Ãóæú ÍóÝöÙó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ëõãøó ÍóÏøóËó ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÍöÝúÙóåõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö áöÆóáøóÇ íõÊóæóåøóãó - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÝöÙóåõ ãöäú Ýóãö ÔóíúÎöåö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó áóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖú áöÊóÕúæöíÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áöãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙóãó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó:
æóÕóæøóÈó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áöÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ... æóåúæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö äóãúÊóÑöí
[Íõßúãõ ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÓóãóÇÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö] :
(æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì) ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ (ÓóãóÇÚóåõ) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÎóØøö ãóäú íóËöÞõ Èöåö - ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ - ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÐóßøóÑóåõ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÐóßøóÑóåõ - æóåõæó ÃóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö - ÌóÇÒóÊú áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò Åöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÐóßøóÑúåõ Èóáú ÊóÐóßøóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíøóÑó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÚóÇÑóÖóÇ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÐößúÑöåö¡ æóÞóÏú Íóßóì áóäóÇ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäú ÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÃóÎóÐó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóËóäóÇ Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÓóãóÇÚöåö ÞóÕúÏðÇ áöáúÅöÓúÑóÇÚö¡ áóßöäú íõÄóÎøöÑõ ÊóÚúíöíäó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö¡ æóØõÚöäó Ýöíåö ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ãõÊóãóÓøóßñ áöáúãóÇäöÚöíäó.
(æó) Åöäú (áóãú íóÐúßõÑú) ÓóãóÇÚóåõ áóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí: æóáóÇ ÚóÏóãóåõ (ÝóÚóäú) ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó (äõÚúãóÇäó) Ãóíö: ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÇáúãóäúÚõ) ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ íóÚúäöí: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÖúáðÇ ÚóãøóÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöí ÈöÎóØøöí Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó ãóÇ áóãú ÃóÚúÑöÝúåõ ÝóØóÑóÍúÊõåõ. æóÚóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÞóÇáó: æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈöÎóØøöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÚöäúÏöí¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: «áóãú íóÍúÊóÌöãö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ãõÍúÑöãñ» . ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ßóíúÝó ßóÊóÈúÊõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÐúßõÑõ Ãóäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ.
æóåõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãóÇáößñ æóÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÅöÐú ÖóÈúØõ ÃóÕúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóÖóÈúØö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøó åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÑõæäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÚöíóÇÖò ÈöÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó:(3/127)
ÝóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö. æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõæóíúäöíøö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÍõÓóíúäñ Ýöí (ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ) : Åöäøóåõ ßóÐöáößó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÝöÞúåö.
æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞõØúÈõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ: ÃóÊóíúÊõåõ ÈöÌõÒúÁò ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÑóæóÇÌö ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ÈöÎóØøöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÙõÑó Ýöíåö. Ëõãøó ÚõÏúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáó: åõæó ÈöÎóØøöí áóßöäú ãóÇ ÃõÍóÞøöÞõ ÓóãóÇÚóåõ æóáóÇ ÃóÐúßõÑõåõ. æóáóãú íõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö.
(æóÞóÇáó) ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó (ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö) åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏñ (ãóÚú) ÔóíúÎöåö æóÑóÝöíÞöåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí (ÃóÈöí íõæÓõÝó Ëõãøó) ÅöãóÇãöäóÇ (ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö (ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúæóÇÓöÚö) ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÞõáö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöãöËúáöåö Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÈóÇÈó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÃóæúÓóÚõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáóÇäö ãöãøóäú Óóæøóì Èóíúäó ÇáúÈóÇÈóíúäö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎöí íóÊóÑóÏøóÏõ Ýöíãóäú ÔóåöÏó ÔóåóÇÏóÉð æóæóÖóÚóåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ÕõäúÏõæÞò ÈöÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóãú íóÕöáú Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÏõÚöíó Åöáóì Êöáúßó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýóáóãú íóÊóÐóßøóÑú¡ åóáú íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ Ãóäú íóÔúåóÏó¿(3/128)
æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ÞóÏú ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÍõÓóíúäñ Ýöí " ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ " Úóäö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßö Úóäúåõãú ÎöáóÇÝóåõ ; ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóíóåö Úóãóáõåõãú - ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö - Ãóæú áößóæúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈó ÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÊóÞúÑöíÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ æóÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáøóÊöí ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ãóÔóì ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ Èóáú æõÌöÏó Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó) ÈóáóÇÛðÇ ÈöÎóØøöåö ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäúåõ¡ æóÝöí Ãóæøóáöåö ÃóËúÈóÊó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ áóÃóÒúíóÏó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÍóßóì Íöíäó ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÓóäóÏöåö ÕõæÑóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáö ãóÚó ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÚóÏóãö ãõäóÇÝóÇÉö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó: Åöäøóåõ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áößóæúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö Ãóäøó äöÓúíóÇäóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑò íóÌõæÒõ áöáúÝóÑúÚö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ ÈöãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí äöÓúíóÇäóåõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò åõäóÇ: æóåóÐóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÓöíó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÓóãóÇÚóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõ äöÓúíóÇäõ ÔóíúÎöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö ÞóÏú Íóßóì Ýöí (ÇáúÚõÏøóÉö) Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÅöÓúÞóÇØó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑö ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóäú ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö áöáÊøóæóÞøõÝö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÎóÕøó ÈöÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäúåõãú ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ Ãóæú íõÓúÊóËúäóì ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Ãóæú íõÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÈóÇÈóíúäö.
æóÈóÞöíóÊú ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì ÚóßúÓõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóÇßöÑðÇ áöÓóãóÇÚöåö¡ æóáóßöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÈöÐóáößó ÎóØøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÍõÓóíúäñ Ýöí " ÝóÊóÇæóÇåõ ": Åöäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÝöÞúåö(3/129)
ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ. æóäõÞöáó ÇáúãóäúÚõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÑúÛóÇäöíøõ: ÇáÏøöíóÇäóÉõ áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ áóÇ íõÌöíÒõ ÅöÐóÇÚóÊóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ßóÐøóÇÈò æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö. ÞóÇáó: æóáöáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäú íõÞóáøöÏóåõ Ýöíåö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóíúåö æóÚóáöãó ÍöÝúÙóåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöåö áöÆóáøóÇ íõæåöãó ÇáúÌóÒúãó ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÍóáøó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - íóÚúäöí Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊóíö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö æóÃóÕúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö - ÅöÐóÇ ÓóßóäóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ Åöáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÔóßøóßú Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÔóßøóßó - íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáÊøóÒúæöíÑö æóäóÍúæöåö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóãú ÊóÓúßõäú äóÝúÓõåõ Åöáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö Úóáóì ÍóÏøò ÓóæóÇÁò¡ ÝóáóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò: (ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÓóãúÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö - ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÊóÑóßóåõ - ßóÇäó ßóÐøóÇÈðÇ) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóäøó ãóÇáößðÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÊóÑóßóåõ ßõáøóåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ÊóÞúíöíÏõ ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú Ýöíåö ÞóÑöíäóÉõ ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉó ÏóÚóÊú áöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÊúÞóäö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇäúÊöÔóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇäúÊöÔóÇÑðÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙõ áößõáøöåö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú äóÚúÊóãöÏú ÛóáóÈóÉó ÇáÙøóäøö Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÃóÈúØóáúäóÇ ÌõãúáóÉð ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑóåóÇ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÎóÕøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÔóÏøöÏöíäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÎúÑõÌö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ Úóäú íóÏöåö ÈöÚóÇÑöíóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: (æóåõæó ÇÍúÊöíóÇØñ ÍóÓóäñ. íóÞúÑõÈõ ãöäúåõ ÕóäöíÚõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Ãóæú Ìõáøöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö ÍóíúËõ íóÎúÊöãõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö) .
æóãöãøóäö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÌóÏøõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÕóäöíÚö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò ÍóíúËõ ÌóáóÓó ãóÚó ãóäú ÑóÇãó ÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÉó ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÍóÊøóì äóÓóÎó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÎóÕúáóÊóÇäö áóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÍõÓúäõ ÇáÙøóäøö ;(3/130)
ÇáúÍõßúãõ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ.
æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö æóÑóæóÇåõ äóÇÒöáðÇ Úóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎóÐó ãöäúåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÑõÝóÞóÇÆöåö Úóäú ÐóÇßó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÛõäúÏóÑñ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãöäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ ÝóÈóÇÊóÊö ÇáÑøõÞúÚóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÛõäúÏóÑò¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËúÊõ Èöåö Úóäú ÛõäúÏóÑò¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó. æóåõæó ÔóÈöíåñ Èöãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÊöáúãöíÐöåö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ãóÇ äóÓöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËó ÇáÊøöáúãöíÐó Èöåö Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó.
æóÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ Ãóäøóåõ (Åöäú íóÛöÈú) ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÈóÉð ØóæöíáóÉð ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú íóÓöíÑóÉò¡ ÈöÅöÚóÇÑóÉò Ãóæú ÖóíóÇÚò Ãóæú ÓóÑöÞóÉò¡ (æóÛóáóÈóÊú) Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö (ÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ) ãöäó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÈúÏöíáö (ÌóÇÒóÊú áóÏóì) ; Ãóíú: ÚöäúÏó (ÌõãúåõæÑöåöãú) ßóíóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö æöÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ãóíúÓóÑóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÌóäóÍó Åöáóíúåö.
(ÑöæóÇíóÊõåú) áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ÅöÐóÇ ÛõíøöÑó Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÈóÇÈó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÃóÌúÒóÃó¡ æóáóãú íõÔúÊóÑóØú ãóÒöíÏñ Úóáóíúåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö íóÌöÏõ ÓóãóÇÚóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÛóíúÑöåö) ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÎóØøó.
æóÞóíøóÏóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÈöÃóäú íõÚúÑóÝó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóØöíÈó ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóãøóäú æóÌóÏó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ãöäú ÔóíúÎò ÞóÏú Óõãøöíó æóäõÓöÈó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ; Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóíúÎó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
[ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúãóì æóÇáúÃõãøöíøö] :
(ßóÐóáößó ÇáÖøóÑöíÑõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÚúãóì (æóÇáúÃõãøöíøõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ¡ ÇááøóÐóÇäö (áóÇ íóÍúÝóÙóÇäö) ÍóÏöíËóåõãóÇ ãöäú Ýóãö ãóäú ÍóÏøóËóåõãóÇ¡ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõãóÇ ÍóíúËõ (íóÖúÈöØõ ÇáúãóÑúÖöíøõ) ÇáËøöÞóÉõ áóåõãóÇ (ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóÇ) Ëõãøó íóÍúÝóÙõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÍóÇáöåö¡ æóáóæú ÈöËöÞóÉò ÛóíúÑöåö Åöáóì Ãóäú íõÄóÏøöíó¡ ãõÓúÊóÚöíäðÇ Íöíäó ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöËöÞóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ãöäúåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö(3/131)
æóÇáäøóÞúÕö æóÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ãöäú Íöíäö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö Åöáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäö ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ãóÒöíÏö ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ãóÇ íóÃúãóäõ ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÏúÎóÇáö Úóáóíúåö áöãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö.
ãöËúáõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ãóÇ ÃóÝúØóäóåõ æóÃóÐúßóÇåõ æóÃóÝúåóãóåõ. æóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ åõæó áöãõÓúÊóãúáöíåö: ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóßó ÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊõÏúÎöáó Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöí¡ ÝóÇÌúåóÏú ÌóåúÏóßó áóÇ ÃóÑúÚóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúßó Åöäú ÑóÚóíúÊó¡ ÃóÍúÝóÙõ ËóáóÇËóÉð æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÍóÏöíËò. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßõÝøó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ßóËúÑóÉö ÈõßóÇÆöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúÍóÇÑö íóÃúãõÑõ ÌóÇÑöíóÊóåõ ÝóÊõáóÞøöäõåõ æóíóÍúÝóÙõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóáúÊóÝöÊõæÇ áöáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÚöíÈó ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö íõáóÞøöäõåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ãóäú Úóáöãó ÈöÅöÊúÞóÇäöåö ãöäúåõãú ÝóíóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÃõÓúäöÏóÊú Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåö¡ ÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöãøóäú Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ÃóÕóÍøó¡ æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÇáÑøóÈóÐöíøõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúãóì¡ æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÎóÑöíØóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ßõÊõÈõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóÑöíØóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇßúÊõÈú ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó. Ëõãøó íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóßõäú ÈöÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò.
æóãóäóÚó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ßóÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò æóÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóäóÑóì ÇáúÚöáøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÚö åöíó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÅöÏúÎóÇáö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚöåöãóÇ. æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ åöíó ÇáúÚöáøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ãóäóÚó ãóÇáößñ áöÃóÌúáöåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãõÚúÊóãöÏðÇ Úóáóì ßõÊõÈöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.(3/132)
æóíóÏõáøõ áöÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ãóÚöíäò ÇáúãóÍúßöíøó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóäúÚõ¡ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõáóÞøóäõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÍõßöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú Úóãöíó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ËóãóÇäö Óöäöíäó Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÝóÙúåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö íóÞõæáõ: Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÝõáóÇäñ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ. ÅöáøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóÝöÙóåõ ãóäú Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ.
æóÇáúãóÐúåóÈóÇäö ÇáúÃóæøóáóÇäö æóÌúåóÇäö ÍóßóÇåõãóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÇÊö) æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóÇáúÎóáóÝõ Ýöí ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö: ÃóÞúæóì æóÃóæúáóì ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÕöíÑö) ÇáúÃõãøöíøö¡ íóÚúäöí: áöÎöÝøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ áóÇ ãóÚó ÇäúÖöãóÇãö ÃóãúÑò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏó íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö æóÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: ÞóÏú ÊõãúäóÚõ ÇáúÃóæúáóæöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÊóÞúÕöíÑö ÇáúÈóÕöíÑö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóì Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÊóì ÈöÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÊöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßõÊöÈó áóåõãóÇ ÝóåõãóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúæóÇÞöÝõ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöåöãóÇ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö Ãóæú ÚóßúÓöåóÇ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøó ÞóÏú ÎóÕøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóãóì¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÞóÈúáóåõ Ýóáóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ ÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÔóÑúØöåö¡ æóÝöí äóÝúíö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÊóæóÞøõÝñ.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÚúáöíáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑóåõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö Èößóæúäö ÇáÓøóäóÏö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Úóáóì ãóäö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ; áóÇ íóÎúÏöÔõ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö åõäóÇ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏó ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãõÊúÞöäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÍúÏöíËó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåöãú ãõÕóÇÍóÈñ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÒõæáõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóáóáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó ÃóÏúÑóÌó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍöíäó ãóäú ÊóÓóÇåóáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú äõÓóÎò ãõÔúÊóÑóÇÉò Ãóæú ãõÓúÊóÚóÇÑóÉò ÛóíúÑö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉò¡ áöÊóæóåøõãöåöãõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö(3/133)
ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÚóÑöíøñ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö¡ æóÅöäú äõæÞöÔó Ýöí ÃóÕúáöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö.
[ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö]
(627) æóáúíóÑúæö ãöäú ÃóÕúáò Ãóæö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö ... Èöåö æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈöÇáÊøóÓóÇåõáö
(628) ãöãøóÇ Èöåö ÇÓúãõ ÔóíúÎöåö Ãóæú ÃõÎöÐóÇ ... Úóäúåõ áóÏóì ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÃóÌóÇÒó ÐóÇ
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ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö) Ãóæö ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö¡ æóæõÌõæÈõ Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÚöäúÏó ÊóÎóÇáõÝöåöãóÇ.
(æóáúíóÑúæö) ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÇãó ÃóÏóÇÁó ÔóíúÁò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Ãóæö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
(ãöäú ÃóÕúáò) ÊóÍóãøóáó ãöäúåõ¡ (Ãóæú) ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö (ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö) ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉó ÇáúãõÊúÞóäóÉó (Èöåö) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóåõæó ÔóÑúØñ (æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ) ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁõ (ÈöÇáÊøóÓóÇåõáö) ÈöÃóäú íóÑúæöíó (ãöãøóÇ) áóãú íóßõäú ÓóãóÇÚõåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÃóÕúáðÇ (Èöåö ÇÓúãõ ÔóíúÎöåö) íóÚúäöí ÓóãóÇÚóåõ (Ãóæú) ßóÇäó ÝóÑúÚðÇ (ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ) Ãóíú: Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãöäú ËöÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóÓúßõäõ äóÝúÓõåõ Åöáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏðÇ Úóáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö Ðóáößó (áóÏóì) Ãóíú: ÚöäúÏó (ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ßóãóÇ ÍóßøóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÞóØóÚó Èöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑö Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÝóÞóØú.
ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäúåõ ÈóáóÇÛðÇ¡ æóÚóáøóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãóäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÒóæóÇÆöÏõ áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí äõÓúÎóÉö ÓóãóÇÚöåö.
(æó) áóßöäú ÞóÏú (ÃóÌóÇÒó ÐóÇ)(3/134)
Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁó ãöäú ßöáóíúåöãóÇ (ÃóíøõæÈõ) Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÊóãöíãóÉó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó Ãóæú ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò (ÇáúÈõÑúÓóÇäõ) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö¡ æóÓöíäñ ãõåúãóáóÉñ¡ ãóÚó ÍóÐúÝö íóÇÁö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö¡ äöÓúÈóÉð áöÞóÈöíáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÒúÏö¡ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ (ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊóÑóÎøõÕðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æóÇáøóÐöí íõæÌöÈõåõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÊóì ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÖóãøóäóÊúåóÇ ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉõ åöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ; ÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóßóäóÊú äóÝúÓõåõ Åöáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäú ÏõÎõæáö Çáúæóåúãö áóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú ÝóÑúÚò ßõÊöÈó ãöäú ÃóÕúáò ãõÚúÊóãóÏò ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íõÞóÇÈóáú¡ áóßöäú ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö áöÐóáößó Íöíäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÃóíøõæÈõ æóÇáúÈõÑúÓóÇäöíøõ ÌóäóÍó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó) .
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÑóÎøóÕó) Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áóßöäú (ãóÚó) æõÞõæÚö (ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú) ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúãöÚö áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÛóäóÇÁó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÚò ÚóäúåóÇ ÇÍúÊöíóÇØðÇ ; áöíóÞóÚó ãóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáÓøóåúæö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó ãóÑúæöíøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö.
ÞóÇáó: (æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö Êöáúßó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÈöáóÝúÙö " ÃóäóÇ Ãóæú: ËóäóÇ " ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóíóÇäò áöáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóÑöíÈñ íóÞóÚõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáÊøóÓóÇãõÍö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÓóãóÇÚõ ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ãóæú åöíó ãóÓúãõæÚóÉñ Úóáóì ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ãóæú ãóÑúæöíøóÉñ Úóäú ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó(3/135)
áóåõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ÔóÇãöáóÉñ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóáöÔóíúÎöåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ÔóÇãöáóÉñ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö) .
ÞóÇáó: (æóåóÐóÇ ÊóíóÓøõÑñ ÍóÓóäñ - åóÏóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áóåõ - æóÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ãóÇÓøóÉñ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ ÌöÏøðÇ) . íóÚúäöí áöãóÒöíÏö ÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö æóÇáÊøóÓóÇåõáö Ýöíåö¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈó ÈóÞóÇÁõ ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ ÕóÇÑó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö Þóæúáö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö áöáÔøóíúÎö: åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ Ãóæö ÇáúÌõÒúÁõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊößó. íõãóßøöäõåõ ãöäú ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóËóÈøõÊò æóáóÇ äóÙóÑò Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö æóáóÇ ÊóÝóÞøõÏö ØóÈóÞóÉö ÓóãóÇÚò¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÇáøóÐöí íõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì ÍõÕõæáö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÃóÕúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö.
(æóÅöäú íõÎóÇáöÝú ÍöÝúÙõåõ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ) æóÞõáúäóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö ãöäó ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈößöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãõÊúÞóäö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÝöÙó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö æóáóæö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ (æó) Åöäú íóßõäú (áóíúÓó) ÍóÝöÙó (ãöäúåõ) æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÝöÙó ãöäú Ýóãö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Úóáóíúåö.
(ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóæúÇ) Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ÕóæóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙó) ; Ãóíö: ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó (ãóÚó ÊóíóÞøõäò) æóÊóËóÈøõÊò Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÔøóßøö Ãóæú ÓõæÁö ÇáúÍöÝúÙö ÝóáóÇ¡ (æóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ) ãóÚó ÊóíóÞøõäö (ÇáúÌóãúÚõ) ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÍöÝúÙöí ßóÐóÇ æóßöÊóÇÈöí ßóÐóÇ. ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó åóãøóÇãñ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËó «Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÔúÊóÑóì ÍõáøóÉð ÈöÓóÈúÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó äóÇÞóÉð» . ÝóÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöí¡ æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈöí ËóæúÈóíúäö.
åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóäóÇÝöí ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõáøóÉõ áóÇ ÊõÓóãøóì ßóÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ËóæúÈóíúäö ãöäú ÌöäúÓò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÝóÚóáóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ ÍóíúËõ Ñóæóì «ÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö: Ëõãøó íõÕóáøöí Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» . æóÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöí¡ æóåõæó ÓóÇÞöØñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö.
æóÐóáößó (ßóÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãöãøóäú íõÊúÞöäõ) ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÍóÝöÙóåõ ÍóíúËõ íóÍúÓõäõ Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ - ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ æóÔõÚúÈóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó - ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãóÚðÇ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ:(3/136)
Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöí ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó.
Èóáú Þöíáó áöÔõÚúÈóÉó Íöíäó ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúÝõæÚò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöåö ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÝöí ÒóÚúãö ÝõáóÇäò æóÝõáóÇäò ÎöáóÇÝõåõ -: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈöÓúØóÇãó¡ ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ ÈöÍöÝúÙößó æóÏóÚúäóÇ ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò æóÝõáóÇäò. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäøó ÚõãúÑöíó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÚõãõÑõ äõæÍò¡ æóÃóäøöí ÍóÏøóËúÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÓóßóÊøõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÝõáóÇäñ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúÝóÙó ãöäøöí æóÃóßúËóÑó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉð áöÔóíúÎöåö ãöäøöí.
[ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì]
(632) æóáúíóÑúæö ÈöÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ... ãóÏúáõæáóåóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÝóÇáúãõÚúÙóãõ
(633) ÃóÌóÇÒó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÞöíáó áóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑú ... æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö ÞóØúÚðÇ ÞóÏú ÍóÙóÑú
(634) æóáúíóÞõáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöãóÚúäðì Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ... ÞóÇáó æóäóÍúæóåõ ßóÔóßøò ÃõÈúåöãóÇ
[ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÝöíåóÇ] : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: (ÇáÑøöæöÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì) æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ áöãóäú Ñóæóì Èöåö Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö.
(æóáúíóÑúæö ÈöÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö) ÇáøóÊöí ÓóãöÚó ÈöåóÇ ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÏõæäö ÊóÞúÏöíãò æóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑò æóáóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ äóÞúÕò áöÍóÑúÝò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÍóÑúÝò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÔóÏøóÏò ÈöãõÎóÝøóÝò Ãóæú ÚóßúÓöåö¡ (ãóäú) ÊóÍóãøóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö ãöãøóäú (áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ãóÏúáõæáóåóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóãóÞóÇÕöÏóåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ íõÍöíáõ ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÍúÊóãóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏöÝó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÈöáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝò Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ; áöÃóäøó ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöÐóáößó áóÇ íõÄúãóäõ ÈöÊóÛúíöíÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö.
ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Åöáóì ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó ßóíúÝó ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì ÔõÚúÈóÉó - ãóÚó ÌóáóÇáóÊöåö æóÅöÊúÞóÇäöåö - ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Úóäúåõ(3/137)
áöÍóÏöíËö «Çáäøóåúíö Ãóäú íóÊóÒóÚúÝóÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ» ÈöáóÝúÙö: «äóåóì Úóäö ÇáÊøóÒóÚúÝõÑö» . ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÇáúÚõãõæãö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÝúØöäú áöãóÇ ÝóØöäó áóåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÔõÚúÈóÉó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕóÇÛöÑö¡ ãöäó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö Çáäøóåúíö ÈöÇáÑøöÌóÇáö.
(æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ) ãöãøóäú íóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó æóíõÍóÞøöÞõåõ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö.
(ÝóÇáúãõÚúÙóãõ) ãöäúåõãú (ÃóÌóÇÒó) áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó (ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì) ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÇØöÚðÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÏøóì ãóÚúäóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóáóÛóåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚõ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ßóÇäó ãõæÌöÈõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ãóæö ÇáúÚóãóáó¡ æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÍóÝöÙó ÇááøóÝúÙó Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÕóÏóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÝúÊóÇÁö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÃóÊóì ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÑóÇÏöÝò áóåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÛóÇãöÖðÇ Ãóæú ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÍúÊóãöáö ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÛóíúÑó ÐóÇßó ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö ãóÇ åõæó ãóæúÖõæÚñ áóåõ Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö Ýöíåö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÉö.
æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÚóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÞóÇáó: áóÞöíÊõ ÃõäóÇÓðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ Ðóáößó áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö ãóÇ áóãú íõÍöáú ãóÚúäóÇåõ. ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉõ: ÅöäøóÇ Þóæúãñ ÚóÑóÈñ¡ äõæÑöÏõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÝóäõÞóÏøöãõ æóäõÄóÎøöÑõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÓúãóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ÚóÔóÑóÉò¡ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ æóÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ.(3/138)
æóãöãøóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúæöí ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó: ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ æóÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö ÃóÍúæóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ ÝóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóäúÞõáõæäó ãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøó ãõÚóæøóáóåõãú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáöÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåö ÃóÌóÇÈó ãóÇáößñ ãóäú ÓóÃóáóåõ áöãó áóãú ÊóßúÊõÈú Úóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊóåõãú ãõÊóæóÇÝöÑöíäó¿ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: áóÇ ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÑóÃúÓöåö. æóßóÐóÇ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõåõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Úóãøóäú áóåõ ÝóÖúáñ æóÕóáóÇÍñ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ãóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö Èößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊõÏóæøóäó ÇáúßõÊõÈõ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÏõæÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúÔóì Ãóäú íóÎúáöØó ÝöíãóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö.
Ýöíåö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍóÏøöËõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ÍóÝöÙóåõ áóÝúÙðÇ áóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóåõ¡ æóãöäú Ëóãøó ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ Ýöíãóäú áóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÏú ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ßóæúäóåõ ÚóÇÞöáðÇ áöãóÇ íõÍöíáõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóäú ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ æóÇáÑøõæíóÇäöíøõ: æóÔóÑúØõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÓóÇæöíðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóáóÇÁö æóÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «áóÇ ØóáóÇÞó Ýöí ÅöÛúáóÇÞò» ) . ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ßóÐóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöãóÕúáóÍóÉò Ýóíóßöáó ÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØóåõ áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáóÇ ãóÍóáøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö æóÇáäøóæóÇåöí¡ æóÌóÒóãóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ æóãóËøóáóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «ÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏóíúäö ÇáúÍóíøóÉó æóÇáúÚóÞúÑóÈó» ) ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáöåöãóÇ¡ æóÇáäøóåúíó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «áóÇ(3/139)
ÊóÈöíÚõæÇ ÇáÐøóåóÈó ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÓóæóÇÁð ÈöÓóæóÇÁò» ) ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: äóåóì Úóäú ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. áöÃóäøó " ÇÝúÚóáú " ÃóãúÑñ¡ æó " áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú " äóåúíñ.
æóäóÇÒóÚóåõãóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóæöíøõ ÈöÃóäøó áóÝúÙó " ÇÝúÚóáú " áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æó " áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú áöáÊøóÍúÑöíãö "¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóáóÝúÙö Çáäøóåúíö. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐö " ÇÝúÚóáú " æó " áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú " ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÚóäúåõãóÇ. æóßóÐóÇ Úóáóíúåö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÞøöí æóÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõßúãõ.
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ãõØúáóÞðÇ. ÞóÇáóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ: æóåõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ãóÇáößò. ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖó ãóäú ÐóåóÈó áöåóÐóÇ ÔóÏøóÏó Ýöíåö ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÊøóÔúÏöíÏö¡ Ýóáóãú íõÌöÒú ÊóÞúÏöíãó ßóáöãóÉò Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉò¡ æóÍóÑúÝò Úóáóì ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÈúÏóÇáó ÍóÑúÝò ÈöÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉó ÍóÑúÝò æóáóÇ ÍóÐúÝóåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÝöíÝó ËóÞöíáò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóËúÞöíáó ÎóÝöíÝò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÝúÚó ãóäúÕõæÈò¡ æóáóÇ äóÕúÈó ãóÌúÑõæÑò Ãóæú ãóÑúÝõæÚò¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóÊóÛóíøóÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ Èóáö ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö æóáóæú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇááøõÛóÉó ÇáúÝóÕöíÍóÉó.
æóßóÐóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó áóÍúäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Èóíøóäó ÊóÝúÕöíáó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ãöãøóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóÚúÖõåõ Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö æóÇáúÚóÇÔöÑö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÎóæúÝö ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÍóíúËõ ÚóÒóì áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóÝúÙðÇ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ¡ æóáößóæúäöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíó ÌóæóÇãöÚó Çáúßóáöãö¡ æóÇÎúÊõÕöÑó áóåõ Çáúßóáöãõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ.
æóÛóíúÑõåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉö æóÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö ÈöÃóÞúÕóì ÛóÇíóÉò áóíúÓó ãöËúáóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÙõäøõ ÊóæúÝöíóÉó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ßóãóÇ ÚõåöÏó Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö.(3/140)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÍóÇÕöáñ Úóáóì æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÞóÕóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ äóÍúæó ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö æóÇáúÃóÐóÇäö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÝúÙóåõ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÁðÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäøóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÝóÃóÏøóÇåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ» ) . «æóÑóÏøõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóåõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÎúÐö ãóÖúÌóÚöåö ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: æó " ÑóÓõæáößó " ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " áóÇ¡ æóäóÈöíøößó» . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: æóßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ åõæó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó¡ æóáóßöäú áóãú íóÊøöÝöÞú Ðóáößó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöãøóäö ÇÚúÊóãóÏóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) íõãóíøöÒõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÍóÑúÝò ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ áóÇ íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ Èöåö ãóÚúäðì¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÎóÝöíøñ áóÇ íóÊóÝóØøóäõ áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóßóÇäò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ Óóáóßóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõãóÇ áöÐóáößó ÔóíúÎõåõãóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö ÚöäúÏóåõ: ËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó æóÚóÈøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáúãõåóáøóÈöíøõ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÃóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ - ÞóÇáó ÚóÈøóÇÏñ: ÇÈúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò - Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÇÈúäóÉö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «ãóÇ ãöäú ãõÓúáöãò íõÕóÇÈõ ÈöãõÕöíÈóÉò æóÅöäú ØóÇáó ÚóåúÏõåóÇ) . ÞóÇáó ÚóÈøóÇÏñ: (æóÅöäú ÞóÏõãó ÚóåúÏõåóÇ» ) .
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ äóÔóÃó Úóäú äöÓúÈóÉö ãóÇ íóÒöíÏõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÑóÇæò áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÃóÐúßõÑõåõ Ýöí ÓóÇÈöÚö ÇáúÝõÕõæáö.
æóãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö Ýöí " ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó " ÓóÇÞó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóÑúÒõæÞò æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ» ) . ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì: (Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ) . æóÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «áóÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ» ) ÝóÞóÇáó: æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÚóãúÑñæ: (áóÞóÏú) .(3/141)
(æóÞöíáó: áóÇ) íóÌõæÒõ (Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö) íóÚúäöí ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóÇÕøóÉð áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ãóÇáößñ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ.
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõæÌóÈõåõ ÚóãóáðÇ ßóÜ ( «ÊóÍúáöíáõåóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãõ æóÊóÍúÑöíãõåóÇ ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑõ» ) . æó ( «ÎóãúÓñ íõÞúÊóáúäó Ýöí ÇáúÍöáøö æóÇáúÍóÑóãö» ) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõæÌóÈõåõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÌóÇÒó¡ Èóáú æóÝöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö.
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ áöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÎóáóáö Ýöí ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõãú¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóåõãú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ ÇááøöÓóÇäö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö. ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ æóÇáÑøõæíóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö¡ Èóáú ÌóÒóãóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóÌóÚóáóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú. æóÈöåö ÌóÒóãó ÈóÚúÖõ ãõÚóÇÕöÑöí ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÝöíÏõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí (ÃóÏóÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö) ¡ ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóíøóÏóåõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ æóÌóÈó ÃóáøóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝó áóÝúÙõåõ ÝóíóÏúÎõáóåõ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ.
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú íóÍúÝóÙõ ÇááøóÝúÙó áöÒóæóÇáö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÑõÎøöÕó Ýöíåö ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ áöÛóíúÑöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÍóãøóáó ÇááøóÝúÙó æóÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÚóÌóÒó Úóäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÝóáóÒöãóåõ ÃóÏóÇÁõ ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö íóßõæäõ ßóÇÊöãðÇ áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÍóÇæöí) æóÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö.(3/142)
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÝúÊóÇÁö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö (ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö) .
æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöÝö áóåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö Èöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ íóÊóÝóÑøóÚõ Úóäö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåöíó: ÌóæóÇÒõ ÅöÞóÇãóÉö ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóíúäö ãõÞóÇãó ÇáúÂÎóÑö. Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò ËóÇáöËõåóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú áõÛóÊöåö ÌóÇÒó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ æóÞöíáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÛóÇãöÖö Ïõæäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö. ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ¡ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Ýöíåö Ãóäøó Ýöí ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÇáúÌõãõæÏö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóÌö æóÇáäøóÕóÈö ÇáúãõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì ÊóÚúØöíáö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: áóæúáóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËúäóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: áóæú ÃóÑóÏúäóÇ Ãóäú äõÍóÏøöËóßõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇåõ ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËúäóÇßõãú ÈöÍóÑúÝò æóÇÍöÏò.
æóÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÓöÚðÇ ÝóÞóÏú åóáóßó ÇáäøóÇÓõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöÑóÃúÝóÊöåö ÈöÎóáúÞöåö ÃóäúÒóáó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð ãöäúåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÍöÝúÙó ÞóÏú íóÒöáøõ¡ áöÊóÍöáøó áóåõãú ÞöÑóÇÁóÊõåõ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó áóÝúÙõåõãú Ýöíåö¡ ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ÅöÍóÇáóÉõ ãóÚúäðì¡ ßóÇäó ãóÇ Óöæóì ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÌõæÒó Ýöíåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ãóÇ áóãú íõÍöáú ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ áöäóÍúæöåö íóÍúíóì Èúäõ(3/143)
ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÑõÎøöÕó Ãóäú äóÞúÑóÃóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃõæóíúÓò: ÓóÃóáúäóÇ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãö æóÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö! ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÈúÊó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; Ýóáóãú ÊõÍöáøó Èöåö ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÍóÑøöãú Èöåö ÍóáóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
Èóáú ÞóÇáó ãóßúÍõæáñ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑö: ÏóÎóáúäóÇ Úóáóì æóÇËöáóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúäóÇ áóåõ: ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò ÓóãöÚúÊóåõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóíúÓó Ýöíåó æóåúãñ æóáóÇ äöÓúíóÇäñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóáú ÞóÑóÃó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÔóíúÆðÇ¿ ÝóÞõáúäóÇ: äóÚóãú¡ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ áóåõ ÈöÍóÇÝöÙóíúäö ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÒöíÏõ ÇáúæóÇæó æóÇáúÃóáöÝó æóäóäúÞõÕõ.
ÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãóßúÊõæÈñ Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑößõãú áóÇ ÊóÃúáõæäóåõ ÍöÝúÙðÇ¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóÒöíÏõæäó Ýöíåö æóÊóäúÞõÕõæäó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÓóãöÚúäóÇåóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÚóÓóì ÃóáøóÇ äóßõæäó ÓóãöÚúäóÇåóÇ ãöäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÑøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ ÍóÓúÈõßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËúäóÇßõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÚóÏõæøöåö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò Ýöí ãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÈöÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÈóÓò} [Çáäãá: 7] ¡ æó {ÈöÞóÈóÓò} [Øå: 10] Ãóæú {ÌóÐúæóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29] ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÕóÕõ ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõãú áöÞóæúãöåöãú ÈöÃóáúÓöäóÊöåöãõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÞóáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõæÊöÑõ ÈöÜ {ÓóÈøöÍö ÇÓúãó ÑóÈøößó} [ÇáÃÚáì: 1] ¡ æóÞõáú áöáøóÐöíäó(3/144)
ßóÝóÑõæÇ¡ æóÇááøóåö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö» . ÝóÓóãøóì ÇáÓøõæÑóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÊóíúäö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóãöäú ÃóÞúæóì ÇáúÍõÌóÌö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ãóÇ Íóßóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö áöáúÚóÌóãö ÈöáöÓóÇäöåöãú áöáúÚóÇÑöÝö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÅöÈúÏóÇáõ ÈöáõÛóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÝóÌóæóÇÒõåõ ÈöÇááøõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö Ãóæúáóì¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÃúäóÓõæÇ áöáúÌóæóÇÒö ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúÝõæÚò: «ÞõáúäóÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÅöäøóÇ äóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóáóÇ äóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú äõÄóÏøöíóåõ.
ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊõÍöáøõæÇ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊõÍóÑøöãõæÇ ÍóáóÇáðÇ¡ æóÃóÕóÈúÊõãõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó) » .
æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÖúØóÑöÈñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÌõæÒúÞóÇäöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí " ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö "¡ æóÝöí Ðóáößó äóÙóÑñ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÃúäóÓõæÇ áóåõ ÈöãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíú Ìóåóäøóãó) .
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÔóÞøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÍóÊøóì ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí æõÌõæåöåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: (íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞõáúÊó åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúäõ äóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóäóÒöíÏõ æóäóäúÞõÕõ¡ æóäõÞóÏøöãõ æóäõÄóÎøöÑõ) .
ÝóÞóÇáó: (áóãú ÃóÚúäö Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú ÚóäóíúÊõ ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó íõÑöíÏõ ÚóíúÈöí æóÔóíúäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö» ) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ÚóØöíøóÉó¡ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÕóÇáöÍñ ÌóÒóÑóÉõ: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. áóßöäú áóåõ(3/145)
ØóÑöíÞñ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãóäöíÚò Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏöåö) ¡ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö) ¡ ãóÚðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÏõÑóíúßò¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóÊóãøó ãöäúåõ. æóÈöåö ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúæóÖøóÇÚöíäó ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö åõäóÇßó.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ íóÏúÝóÚõåõ ÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÈöäóÞúáö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó - ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ - Ýöí æóÞóÇÆöÚó ãõÊøóÍöÏóÉò ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöäúßóÇÑò ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ÞóØúÚðÇ ãóÚó ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÝúÙõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÃóÈúáóÛó æóÃóæúÌóÒó¡ æóíóßúÝöí Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÛóáóÈóÉõ ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóÅöáúÍóÇÞõ ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝöíøóÇÊö áóÇ Ïóáöíáó áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóÍóÏöíËõ (äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ) ÑõÈøóãóÇ íõÊóãóÓøóßõ Èöåö áöáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ áößóæúäöåö ãóÚó ãóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Óöæóì ãóÑøóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ Ñõæöíó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò: ßóÜ (ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ) ¡ æó (ãóäú ÓóãöÚó) ¡ æó (ãóÞóÇáóÊöí) ¡ æó (ÈóáøóÛóåõ) ¡ æó (ÃóÝúÞóåõ) ¡ æó (áóÇ ÝöÞúåó áóåõ) ãóßóÇäó (äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ) ¡ æó (ÇãúÑóÃð) ¡ æó (ãöäøóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ) ¡ æó (ÃóÏøóÇåõ) ¡ æó (ÃóæúÚóì) ¡ æó (áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò) .
áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÝöíåö ãóÇ íõÑúÔöÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «ÝóÑõÈøó ãõÈóáøóÛò ÃóæóÚóì ãöäú ÓóÇãöÚò¡ æóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò æóáóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò¡ Åöáóì ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäúåõ» ) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ: (áóÇ æóäóÈöíøößó) ÝóÝöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Èöåö äóÙóÑñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÈöÇáúÞóØúÚö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙóíúäö ãõÊøóÍöÏñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÐøóÇÊó ÇáúãõÍóÏøóËó ÚóäúåóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ íõÝúåóãõ ÈöÃóíö ÕöÝóÉò æõÕöÝó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÚó áößóæúäö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøóÉð¡ æóáóåóÇ ÎóÕóÇÆöÕõ æóÃóÓúÑóÇÑñ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ ÝóÊóÌöÈõ(3/146)
ÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉõ Úóáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí æóÑóÏóÊú Èöåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ áóåõ Ãóäú íõæÑöÏó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÃóÓúáóãõ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò - ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ - íóÊóæóÞøóì ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóíõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÈöÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö. åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ Ýöíãóäú ÊóÍóãøóáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö.
æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí (ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö) ÇáúãõÏóæøóäö (ÞóØúÚðÇ ÞóÏú ÍóÙóÑó) ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö Ëõãøó ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö¡ Ãóíú: ãóäóÚó ÊóÛúíöíÑó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÔúÊóãóáó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊó áóÝúÙò ÂÎóÑó ÈóÏóáóåõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÈöÏõæäö ÅöÌúÑóÇÁö ÎöáóÇÝò ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ Úõáöãó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÌúÑóÇåõ¡ áößóæúäö ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö Ýöí ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÇáúÌõãõæÏö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí åõæó ãõÚóæøóáõ ÇáÊøóÑúÎöíÕö ãõäúÊóÝöíóÉð Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÏóæøóäóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ åõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáúãóÍúßöíøö Ýöíåö ÇáúãóäúÚõ áöÍóÇÝöÙö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ Ýóåõæó Åöäú ãóáóßó ÊóÛúíöíÑó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÝóáóíúÓó íóãúáößõ ÊóÛúíöíÑó ÊóÕúäöíÝö ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ ÇáúãóäúÚö ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóíúäóÇ ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝó äóÝúÓóåõ Ãóæú äóÓóÎúäóÇåõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÞóáúäóÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ÊóÎóÇÑöíÌöäóÇ æóÃóÌúÒóÇÆöäóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóãú íóÊóÛóíøóÑú¡ æóåõæó ãóÇáößñ áöÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇááøóÝúÙö. ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ æóÅöäú äóÇÒóÚó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: áóÇ íóÌúÑöí Úóáóì ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍó Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÛóíøóÑó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÑóæóíúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ Ãóæú äóÞóáúäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ.
æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍó¡ áóßöäøó ãóíúáó ÔóíúÎöäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÐóÇ ÞõÑöäó ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " ÈöäóÍúæöåö ".
æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÊóÓúæöíóÉõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí(3/147)
ÑóÇÈöÚö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö Èóíúäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
[ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÞõæáõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì] :
(æóáúíóÞõáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí) ÚóÞöÈó ÅöíÑóÇÏöåö áöáúÍóÏöíËö (ÈöãóÚúäóì) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ (Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó) ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÃóäóÓñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÏö áöãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì - íóÞõæáõåóÇ ÚóÞöÈó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (æóäóÍúæóåõ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: Ãóæú äóÍúæó åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÔöÈúåóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ôóßúáóåõ.
ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. Ëõãøó ÃõÑúÚöÏó æóÃõÑúÚöÏóÊú ËöíóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Ãóæú ÔöÈúåõ ÐóÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ ÐóÇ. æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ôóßúáõåõ.
æóÑóæóÇåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøõ Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏöåö) ÈöäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ Ýöí ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ÞóÇáó¡ Ãóæú ãöËúáõåõ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÔóÈöíåñ Èöåö. æóÝöí áóÝúÙò ÂÎóÑó áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóäøó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ãóíúãõæäò ÓóãöÚó íóæúãðÇ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÞóÏú ÚóáóÇåõ ßóÑúÈñ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÚóÑóÞõ íóäúÍóÏöÑõ ãöäúåõ Úóäú ÌóÈöíäöåö¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóåóÐóÇ (ßóÔóßøò) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóæö ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö (ÃõÈúåöãóÇ) Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó. Èóáú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóÈóÓóÉó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÂÎöÑöåö: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ: åóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÓóáøóÇãò¡(3/148)
Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÃõÎúØöÆó ÔóíúÆðÇ áóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõåõ¡ ÝóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåó æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóåõæó - Ãóíö ÇáúÞóæúáõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÔøóßøö - ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ãöËúáöåö ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: (Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó) íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÅöÐúäðÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö Úóäúåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÇäó¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ Ðóáößó ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ áöãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ. íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇááøöÓóÇäö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÎóæøõÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøóáóáö. áöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåöãú ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÑö. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóÅöÏúÑóÇÌõåõ¡ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãõÌöíÒöíäó¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÕóäöíÚöåöãú åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóÇáóÛó Ãóäøóåõ Ýóåöãó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ýóåúãõåõ.
[ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö]
(635) æóÍóÐúÝó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö ÝóÇãúäóÚú Ãóæú ÃóÌöÒú ... Ãóæú Åöäú ÃõÊöãú Ãóæú áöÚóÇáöãò æóãöÒú
(636) ÐóÇ ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Åöäú íóßõäú ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåú ... ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåú
(637) æóãóÇ áöÐöí ÊõåúãóÉò Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåú ... ÝóÅöäú ÃóÈóì ÝóÌóÇÒó ÃóáøóÇ íõßúãöáóåú
(638) ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõØøöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ... Ýóåúæó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ðõæ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇÈö
[ÚóÏóãõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö] :
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÚõÈøöÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÊóÝúÑöíÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö(3/149)
Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö.
(æóÍóÐúÝó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö ãóÝúÚõæáñ ãõÞóÏøóãñ (ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö) Ãóíö: ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚóáøõÞó áóåõ ÈöÇáúãõËúÈóÊö (ÝóÇãúäóÚú) Åöäú ßóÇäó áöÛóíúÑö Ôóßøò ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áóåõ ÊóÇãøðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÎóáóáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÈöäóÇÁð - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ æóÅöäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÈóÏúÑõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó - Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÍóÐúÝó áöÈóÚúÖö ãóÊúäöåö¡ ÊóÞúØóÚõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó æóÊõÛóíøöÑõåõ Úóäú æóÌúåöåö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÎóáóáõ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÕöÑõ áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ.
ÞóÇáó ÚóäúÈóÓóÉõ: ÞõáúÊõ áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ÚóáöãúÊõ Ãóäøó ÍóãøóÇÏó Èúäó ÓóáóãóÉó ßóÇäó íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÎúÊóÕöÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóíóÞúáöÈó ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: Ãóæó ÝóØöäúÊó áóåõ¿ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò ÇáäøóÈöíáõ: Åöäøóåõãú íõÎúØöÆõæäó ÝóÍõÓöãóÊö ÇáúãóÇÏøóÉõ áöÐóáößó. åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóäóÇåöíßó Èöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑúÌóãó Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) : " ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÏõÎõæáö ÇáäøóÇÑö áöãóäú ÃóÓúãóÚó Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÇ íóßúÑóåõæäó "¡ æóÓóÇÞó Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ãóäú ÓóãöÚó íóåõæÏöíøðÇ Ãóæú äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÑó) . æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÛöíÈóÉö ÇáÐøöãøöíøö¡ æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ÎóØóÃñ¡ ÝóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ( «ãóäú ÓóãöÚó Èöí ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Ãóæú íóåõæÏöíøò Ãóæú äóÕúÑóÇäöíøò Ýóáóãú íõÄúãöäú Èöí ÏóÎóáó ÇáäøóÇÑó» ) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÊóÑúÌóãó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö) " ÇáúæóáöíãóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉö "¡ æóÓóÇÞó ÍóÏöíËó ÃóäóÓò: «ÞóÏöãó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ÝóÂÎóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö» ¡ áößóæúäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ÈöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáÊøóÒúæöíÌö(3/150)
ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúæóáöíãóÉö¡ ÝóÝóåöãó ãöäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóáöíãóÉó áöáúÃõÎõæøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐöáößó¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÊóÇãøðÇ Ýöí ÃóãóÇßöäó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ æóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúæóáöíãóÉõ Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ áöáäøößóÇÍö ÌóÒúãðÇ.
æóÍõßöíó Úóäö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó. æóÇÍúÊõÌøó áóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ÝóÈóáøóÛóåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ) . æóÚóäú ãóÇáößò ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóì Ãóäú íõÎúÊóÕóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. íóÚúäöí Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö.
ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÃóÔúåóÈõ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ãóÇáößðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö íõÞóÏøóãõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíõÄóÎøóÑõ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóßúÑóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÒóÇÏó ÝöíåóÇ æóíõäúÞóÕó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÛóíúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóáóÇ ÃóÑóì ÈöÐóáößó ÈóÃúÓðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏðÇ. Èóáú ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõæäó Ãóäú íõÍúÐóÝó ãöäúåõ ÍóÑúÝñ æóÇÍöÏñ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÔóßøò Ýóåõæó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ - ÓóÇÆöÛñ¡ ßóÇäó ãóÇáößñ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ÊóæóÑøõÚðÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÞúØóÚõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí æóÕúáöåö¡ æóäõÞöáó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ äóÚóãú Åöäú ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÇáúãóÔúßõæßõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúãõËúÈóÊö ßóÞóæúáö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÇíóÇ: ( «Ýöí ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÓõÞò Ãóæú Ïõæäó ÎóãúÓóÉò ÃóæúÓõÞò» ) ¡ ÝóáóÇ.
[ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõØúáóÞðÇ] :
(Ãóæú) åõæó ÇáúÞóæóáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (ÃóÌöÒú) Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÊóÛúíöíÑò áóÇ íõÎöáøõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áóåõ ÊóÇãøðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ áöãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ(3/151)
ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÇäúÞõÕú ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú Ýöíåö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò: ÅöÐóÇ ÎöÝúÊó Ãóäú ÊõÎúØöÆó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÇäúÞõÕú ãöäúåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú. æóäóÓóÈóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ áöãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ Úóäúåõ ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí.
[ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÚó ÇáÔøõÑõæØö] :
(Ãóæú) æóåõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ¡ ÝóÃóÌöÒúåõ (Åöäú ÃõÊöãøó) ÈöÖóãøö Ãóæøóáöåö ãóÈúäöíøðÇ áöáúãóÝúÚõæáö¡ ÅöíÑóÇÏõåõ ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÑøóÉð ÈöÍóíúËõ Ãõãöäó ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÊóÝúæöíÊö Íõßúãò Ãóæú ÓõäøóÉò Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒóÊú ÚöäúÏó ÞóÇÆöáöåö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ - ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì.
(Ãóæú) æóåõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÈöÊóÝúÕöíáò ÂÎóÑó: ÝóÃóÌöÒúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ¡ Åöäú æóÞóÚó (áöÚóÇáöãò) ÚóÇÑöÝò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ (æóãöÒú) . Ãóíú: ãóíøöÒú (ÐóÇ) ÇáúÞóæúáó Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑöåóÇ ÈöæóÕúÝöåö (ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Åöäú íóßõäú ãóÇ ÇÎóÊóÕóÑóåõ) ÈöÇáúÍóÐúÝö ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúäö (ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ Úóäö) ÇáúÞóÏúÑö (ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ) ãöäúåõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞò Èöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÎúÊóáøõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÈöÊóÑúßö ãóÇ ÍóÐóÝóåõ ßóÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö: (áóÇ íõÈóÇÚõ ÇáÐøóåóÈõ ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÓóæóÇÁð ÈöÓóæóÇÁò) . æóÇáúÛóÇíóÉö¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö: ( «áóÇ íõÈóÇÚõ ÇáäøóÎúáõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÒúåóì» ) . æóÇáÔøóÑúØö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì) : æóãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÔóÑóØó ÚóÏóãó ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÈöÇáúãóÊúÑõæßö ÊóÚóáøõÞðÇ íõÛóíøöÑõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞó Èöåö¡ ßóÔóÑúØö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Ãóæú ÑõßúäöåóÇ¡ ÝóäóÞúáõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóÊóáúÈöíÓñ.(3/152)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÊóÑúßðÇ áöäóÞúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ ßóäóÞúáö ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ Ãóæú ÊóÑúßðÇ áöäóÞúáö ÝóÑúÖò ÂÎóÑó åõæó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ ßóÊóÑúßö äóÞúáö æõÌõæÈö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: (æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö íõÍúãóáõ Þóæúáõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÍöáøõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑõ) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöäó ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö áöÈóÚúÖö åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: «ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÍóÌóÑóíúäö æóÑóæúËóÉò íóÓúÊóäúÌöí ÈöåöãóÇ ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÇáÑøóæúËóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: (ÅöäøóåóÇ ÑöÌúÓñ¡ ÇÈúÛö áöí ËóÇáöËðÇ» ) ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Þóæúáóåõ: (ÇÈúÛö áöí ËóÇáöËðÇ) .
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÎöáøõ ÈöÑóãúíö ÇáÑøóæúËóÉö æóÃóäøóåóÇ ÑöÌúÓñ¡ áöÅöíåóÇãöåö ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁó ÈöÍóÌóÑóíúäö¡ áóßöäú ÝóÑøóÞó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ áöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó Èöåö áöãóäúÚö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáÑøóæúËö¡ ÝóíóÓõæÛõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÛóÑóÖðÇ ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÝóáóÇ. æóÝöíåö ÊóæóÞøõÝñ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ áóÇ íõäóÇÒöÚõ Ýöíåö ãóäú áóãú íõÌöÒö ÇáäøóÞúáó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ; áöÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí äóÞóáóåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÍóÐóÝóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö¡ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÎóÈóÑóíúäö ãõäúÝóÕöáóíúäö Ýöí ÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇ ÊóÚóáøõÞó áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáö ãõÓúáöãò Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) : Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõßóÑøóÑõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ãóæúÖöÚñ áóÇ íõÓúÊóÛúäóì Ýöíåö Úóäú ÊöÑúÏóÇÏö ÍóÏöíËò Ýöíåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ãóÚúäðì¡ Ãóæú ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ íóÞóÚõ Åöáóì ÌóäúÈö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò áöÚöáøóÉò Êóßõæäõ åõäóÇßó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌö Åöáóíúåö íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãó ÍóÏöíËò ÊóÇãøò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ãóÇ æóÕóÝúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ Ãóæú íóÝúÕöáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑöåö ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó¡ æóáóßöäøó ÊóÝúÕöíáóåõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÚóÓøóÑó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöÚóÇÏóÊõåõ ÈöåóíúÆóÊöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÖóÇÞó Ðóáößó ÃóÓúáóãõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÈõÏøðÇ ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÊöåö(3/153)
ÈöÌõãúáóÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò ãöäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ äóÊóæóáøóì ÝöÚúáóåõ. æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ Ãóäøó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó " æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " æóáóßöäøó ÊóÝúÕöíáóåõ " Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö. ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÝúÕöáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÇÑúÊöÈóÇØó áóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÇÞöí¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú Ôóßøó Ýöí ÇáöÇÑúÊöÈóÇØö Ãóæú ÚóÏöãöåö ÊóÚóíøóäó ÐößúÑõåõ ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö æóåóíúÆóÊöåö áöíóßõæäó ÃóÓúáóãó¡ ãóÎóÇÝóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÒøóáóáö. ÞóÇáóåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö áöáúÚóÇÑöÝö ÈöÔóÑúØöåö¡ ÑóæóÇåõ åõæó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÊóÇãøðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÞóÈúáõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ áóßöäøó ãóÍóáøó ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ äóÇÞöÕðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÝöíÚó ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö Ýöí ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö æóÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÙóäøõ Èöåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ¡ Ãóæú äöÓúíóÇäõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ áöÞöáøóÉö ÖóÈúØöåö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÛóáóØöåö¡ (æó) ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÜ (ãóÇ áöÐöí) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇááøóÇãö æóÐóÇáò ãõÚúÌóãóÉò¡ Ãóíú: ÕóÇÍöÈö ÎóæúÝò ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞö (ÊõåúãóÉò) Åöáóíúåö ÈöÐóáößó (Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ) ÓóæóÇÁñ ÑóæóÇåõ ßóÐóáößó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð ÍóíúËõ Úóáöãó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÃóÒúíóÏó¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áóåõ ÊóÇãøðÇ¡ Èóáú æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóäúÝöíó åóÐöåö ÇáÙøöäøóÉó Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöí Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÕúÝóì) ÈóÚúÏó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ãóÑøóÉð ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö: Åöäøó ÔóÑúØóåõ ÃóáøóÇ íóÊóØóÑøóÞó Åöáóíúåö ÓõæÁõ ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÇáÊøõåúãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ íõÊøóåóãõ ÈöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÌóÈó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ Úóäúåõ.
æóãöãøóäú ÃóÔóÇÑó áöæõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒö áöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäú ÅöÓóÇÁóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒó ãõÊóÃóßøóÏñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóãóäú íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ(3/154)
íóÌõæÒõ áóåõãú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõæÇ ÝöÚúáðÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÙøóäøó ÇáÓøõæÁó Èöåöãú æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõãú Ýöíåö ãóÎúáóÕñ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈñ Åöáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöÚöáúãöåöãú. æóáóßöäú Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóÇáúÎóÑóÇÆöØöíøö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áöáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäúÊõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó.
(ÝóÅöäú) ÎóÇáóÝó (æóÃóÈóì) ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ äóÇÞöÕðÇ áöÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÈö Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ (ÝóÌóÇÒó) áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÚõÐúÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö Óõáóíúãñ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÑóæóÇåõ ÞóÈúáõ ÊóÇãøðÇ (ÃóáøóÇ íõßúãöáóåõ) ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóßúÊõãó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉó ÇáúãõÑóÊøóÈóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúßóÊúãö æóÊóÖúíöíÚö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÊøöåóÇãö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóÔóÏøõ ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÊóíúäö íõÊúÑóßõ ÈöÇÑúÊößóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÎóÝøö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóíøóäó ØóÑöíÞðÇ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ.
æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÏöÍóÉò¡ æóÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäúåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ. æóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÚõÐúÑðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÚõÐúÑñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöåúãóÇáö¡ æóíóÊóØóÑøóÞõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö ÚóäúåóÇ.
äóÚóãú ÞóíøóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäó ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ãöãøóäú åóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõåõ Èöãóäú ÊóÚóíøóäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÏóÇÁõ ÊóãóÇãöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáöÇÊøöåóÇãö Åöáóíúåö æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÊóÚóíøóäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÏóÇÁõ ÊóãóÇãöåö áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð äóÇÞöÕðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó íõÚóÑøöÖõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó áöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö Úóäú ÍóíøöÒö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏö Èöåö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ.
æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö ãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ áöãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡(3/155)
æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó «ÞóÇãó áóíúáóÉð ÈöÂíóÉò íõÑóÏøöÏõåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÕúÈóÍó» ¡ «æóÕóáøóì ÕóáóÇÉð ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÓõæÑóÉò ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÐößúÑó ãõæÓóì Ãóæú ÚöíÓóì ÃóÎóÐóÊúåõ ÓõÚúáóÉñ ÝóÑóßóÚó» .
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÓóíøöÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóåõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ ÝóÝóÕóáó ÈóÚúÖóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò ; ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóæúáóì. æóáóßöäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÓúáöíãö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Èöåö: ÇáúÚöáøóÉõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåöíó ÍöÝúÙõåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÏõæÑö¡ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÃóãöäøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÈóÇÓó ãöäú ÍóÐúÝò ÇáúÈøóÇÞöí.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áöÈöáóÇáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ( «ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊõßó íóÇ ÈöáóÇáõ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÞúÑóÃõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö¡ æóãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö» ) ÞóÇáó: ßóáóÇãñ ØóíøöÈñ íóÌúãóÚõåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚúÖóåõ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖò. ÝóÕóæøóÈóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö - ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó - Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí Ýóáóãú íóÒöÏú ÝöíåóÇ» ) ÅöÐú áóæú áóãú íóÌõÒö ÇáäøóÞúÕõ áóÐóßóÑóåõ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÚõãúÏóÉõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÌúæöíÒö åõæó ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ æóÚõãúÏóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö åõæó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÝöí ãöËúáö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ÍóÇÕöáñ¡ ÝóáóÇ æóÌúåó áöáúãóäúÚö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÊóÛúíöíÑò áóÇ íõÎöáøõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýóåõæó ÎóÇÑöÌñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
[ÊóÞúØöíÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö] :
(ÃãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõØøöÚó) ÇáúãóÊúäõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóãöáõ(3/156)
Úóáóì ÚöÏøóÉö ÃóÍúßóÇãò¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÇáØøóæöíáö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ (Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö) ÇáúãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉö ÈöÃóäú íõæÑöÏó ßõáøó ÞöØúÚóÉò ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæÏö áóåóÇ¡ (Ýóåõæó) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí: ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÌóÑøóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÚóæóÇÑöÖö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö ÈöÃóÓúÑöåóÇ¡ (Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö) ãöäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö (Ðõæ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇÈò) ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãóäúÚö Ðõæ ÇÈúÊöÚóÇÏò.
æóÕóÑøóÍó ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ ÈöÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóäúÚó ÙóÇåöÑõ ÕóäöíÚö ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áößóæúäöåö áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ãóÇ ÞóÕóÏóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäó ÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö íõæÑöÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÞúØöíÚò áóåõ æóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú Ýöíåö. ãöËúáó ÍóÏöíËö ÝõáóÇäò Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ íóÈúÚõÏõ ØóÑúÏõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ Èóáú æóãõÓúáöãñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÞúÊóÖóì ßóáóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÔöíÏö ÎöáóÇÝóåõ¡ æóäõÓöÈó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöáúÅöãóÇãö ãóÇáößò ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö.
æóßóÐóÇ Íóßóì ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí ÃóáøóÇ íóÝúÚóáó. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ãöäú ßóÑóÇåóÉò. íóÚúäöí: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌñ áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäö ÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃõæÑöÏó ÚóáóíúåóÇ. áóßöäú ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚóåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ ÛóíúÑóåõ íõæóÇÝöÞõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ÈóÇáóÛó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò æóßóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóåõ ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøðÇ.
ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐúÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóäúÈóØõ ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÞöØúÚóÉö íóÏöÞøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöíÑóÇÏóåõ æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö íóÞúÊóÖöí ãóÒöíÏó ÊóÚóÈò Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÎúáóÇÕöåö ãöäúåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ãóÍóáøö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏö¡ ÝóÝöíåö ÊóÎúÝöíÝñ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó.
æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÅöáúãóÇãö) ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞóØóÚó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÎöáøõ ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÝõ(3/157)
ÈöÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÝóáóÇ ßóÑóÇåóÉó¡ æóÅöäú äóÒóáó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö ÊóÑóÊøóÈóÊö ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÑóÇÊöÈöåö Ýöí ÙõåõæÑö ÇÑúÊöÈóÇØö ÈóÚúÖöåö ÈöÈóÚúÖò æóÎóÝóÇÆöåö.
[ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚõ ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇááøóÍøóÇäö æóÇáúãõÕóÍøöÝö]
(639) æóáúíóÍúÐóÑö ÇááøóÍøóÇäó æóÇáúãõÕóÍøöÝóÇ ... Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËöåö ÈöÃóäú íõÍóÑøóÝóÇ
(640) ÝóíõÏúÎöáóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ãóäú ßóÐóÈóÇ ... ÝóÍóÞøñ ÇáäøóÍúæõ Úóáóì ãóäú ØóáóÈóÇ
(641) æóÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ãöäú ÃóÝúæóÇåöåöãú áóÇ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ... ÃõÏúÝóÚõ áöáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÝóÇÓúãóÚú æóÇÏúÃóÈö
[Íõßúãõ ÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö] :
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ (ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚõ) ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö (ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇááøóÍøóÇäö æóÇáúãõÕóÍøöÝö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ãöäú ÃóÝúæóÇåö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö: (æóáúíóÍúÐóÑö) ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈó (ÇááøóÍøóÇäó) ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö¡ Ãóíö: ÇáúßóËöíÑó ÇááøóÍúäö Ýöí ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóßóÐóÇ áöíóÍúÐóÑö (ÇáúãõÕóÍøöÝóÇ) ÝöíåóÇ æóÝöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóáúÍöäõ (Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËöåö ÈöÃóäú íõÍóÑøöÝóÇ) Ãóíú: ÎóæúÝó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö Ýöí ÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö Ãóæú ÖóÈúØöåö (ãöäú ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ) Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÇáúãóÂáö (ÝóíõÏúÎöáóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóíúÎõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì (Ýöí) ÌõãúáóÉö (Þóæúáöåö) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (ãóäú ßóÐóÈóÇ) Ãóíú: (ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö) áöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóßõäú íóáúÍóäõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÖúÑõ Èúäõ Ôõãóíúáò: ÌóÇÁóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãõÚúÑóÈóÉð¡ íóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÇáúæóÚöíÏõ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇáö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö. æóÅöáóì ÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáÓøöäúÌöíøõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÎúæóÝó ãóÇ ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóì(3/158)
ØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáäøóÍúæó Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó) . áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íóáúÍóäõ¡ ÝóãóåúãóÇ ÑóæóíúÊó Úóäúåõ æóáóÍóäúÊó Ýöíåö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈúÊó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÚóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö åõÈóíúÑóÉó ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö¡ ÝóÌóÑóì ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóæóì ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÏöíäõåõãóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ æóÍóÓóÈõåõãóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ æóãõÑõæÁóÊõåõãóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ íóáúÍóäõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ áóÇ íóáúÍóäõ ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóáúÍöäõ.
ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÕúáóÍó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóãöíÑó¡ åóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áöÝóÖúáö ÝóÕóÇÍóÊöåö æóÚóÑóÈöíøóÊöåö¡ ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ãóÇ ÈóÇáõåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÞúÑóÃõ ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóáúÍöäõ íóÍúãöáõåõ áóÍúäõåõ Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ¡ æóíõÎúÑöÌó ãóÇ åõæó Ýöíåö. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÕóÏóÞó ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ æóÈóÑøó.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÅöäúÓóÇäò: Åöäú áóÍóäúÊó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöí ÝóÞóÏú ßóÐóÈúÊó Úóáóíøó. ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ ÃóáúÍóäõ. æóÕóÏóÞó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÓöíÈóæóíúåö Ôóßóì Åöáóì ÇáúÎóáöíáö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ýöí ÑóÌõáò ÑóÚõÝó¡ - íóÚúäöí ÈöÖóãö ÇáúÚóíúäö Úóáóì áõÛóÉò ÖóÚöíÝóÉò - ÝóÇäúÊóåóÑóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÎúØóÃúÊó¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÑóÚóÝó - íóÚúäöí ÈöÝóÊúÍöåóÇ - ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ: ÕóÏóÞó¡ ÃóÊóáúÞóì ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÃóÈóÇ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¿ æóåõæó ãöãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÓóÈóÈö ÊóÚóáøõãö ÓöíÈóæóíúåö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÊóÚóáøõãö ËóÇÈöÊò ÇáúÈõäóÇäöíøö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÍóãøóÇÏò åóÐóÇ áóåóÇ.
ßóãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÚöáúãö) áöáúãóæúåöÈöíøö Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáó ËóÇÈöÊñ ÇáúÈõäóÇäöíøõ(3/159)
ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí " ÑóÚõÝó "¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ " ÑóÚõÝó "¿ ÃóÊóÚúÌöÒõ Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáó: ÑóÚóÝó¿ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóì ËóÇÈöÊñ æóØóáóÈó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó áóåõ ãöäó ÇäúåöãóÇßöåö ÝöíåóÇ: ËóÇÈöÊñ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóÈóÈõ ÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÇáäøóÍúæöíøö Èöåö áóÝúÙóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇÏúäõåú. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ Ïóäöíøñ. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó¡ áóÇ ÊóÞõáú: ÃóäóÇ Ïóäöíøñ. æóáóßöäú Þõáú: ÃóäóÇ ÏóÇäò.
æóÃóáúÍóÞó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÇáúÃóáúÍóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÚö ÇáúÈóÇÚöËö Úóáóì ÅöÔúÈóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúãõßúÓöÈö áöáøóÝúÙö ÓóãóÇÌóÉð æóÑóßóÇßóÉð¡ ÝóÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÝõÕóÍóÇÁö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóíõÑúæóì Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó áöÔóÎúÕò ßóÇäó íõØóÑøöÈõ Ýöí ÃóÐóÇäöåö: Åöäøöí ÃõÈúÛöÖõßó Ýöí Çááøóåö.
[æõÌõæÈõ ÊóÚóáøõãö Úöáúãö ÇáäøóÍúæö] :
æóáöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó ÇáúæóÚöíÏö (ÝóÍóÞøñ ÇáäøóÍúæõ) íóÚúäöí: ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ Úöáúãñ ÈöÃõÕõæáò ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØóÉò ãöäó ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö æõÖöÚóÊú Íöíäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇØö ÇáúÚóÌóãö æóäóÍúæöåöãú ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóÇÖúØöÑóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó¡ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍúæóÇáõ ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÅöÝúÑóÇÏðÇ æóÊóÑúßöíÈðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇááøõÛóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö áöáúãóÚóÇäöí áöíõÊóæóÕøóáó ÈöåóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÊóßóáøõãðÇ¡ (Úóáóì ãóäú ØóáóÈóÇ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÃóäú íóÊóÚóáøóãó ãöäú ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ íóÊóÎóáøóÕõ Èöåö Úóäú Ôóíúäö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö.
æóÙóÇåöÑõåõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ¡ æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÓøóáóÇãö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö (ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏö) : ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉõ ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò¡ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉõ ßóÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÈöÇáäøóÍúæö ÇáøóÐöí íõÝúåóãõ Èöåö ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÍöÝúÙó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóÇÌöÈñ áóÇ íóÊóÃóÊøóì ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡(3/160)
Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö. æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: (ÇáäøóÍúæõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ßóÇáúãöáúÍö Ýöí ÇáØøóÚóÇãö áóÇ íóÓúÊóÛúäöí ÔóíúÁñ Úóäúåõ) .
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÒøõ: æóßóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö ÔóÑúÍõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö¡ æóÊóÏúæöíäõ ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóì ÊóãúíöíÒö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáÓøóÞöíãö. íóÚúäöí ÈöÐóáößó Úöáúãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÉó æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈóÉó æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÖõ Ðóáößó - íóÚúäöí ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÉö - ãóßúÑõæåðÇ Ãóæú ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÃóæúáóì. æóßóÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
áóßöäú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóæóÛøõáõ Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú íóßúÝöíåö ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ãõÞóÏøöãóÉò ãõÔöíÑóÉò áöãóÞóÇÕöÏöåö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÝúåóãõåóÇ æóíõãóíøöÒõ ÈöåóÇ ÍóÑóßóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÅöÚúÑóÇÈöåóÇ¡ áöÆóáøóÇ íóáúÊóÈöÓó ÝóÇÚöáñ ÈöãóÝúÚõæáò¡ Ãóæú ÎóÈóÑñ ÈöÃóãúÑò¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) : (Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóäú íóÊøóÞöíó ÇááøóÍúäó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóáóäú íóÞúÏöÑó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÏõÑúÈóÉö ÇáäøóÍúæö¡ æóãõØóÇáóÚóÊöåö Úöáúãó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö) . Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (áóíúÓó íóÊøóÞöí ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ãóÇ íóÊøóÞöí) .
æóãöãøóäú ÃóÔóÇÑó áöÐóáößó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ íóßúÝöí ãóäú íõÑöíÏõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÃóáøóÇ íóáúÍöäó.
æóíõÓúÊóÃúäóÓõ áóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ßõäøóÇ äõÄúãóÑõ Ãóäú äóÊóÚóáøóãó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖó¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó. æóÝóÓøóÑóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóÑøö æóÇáÑøóÝúÚö æóÇáäøóÕúÈö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÛøõáó Ýöíåö ÞóÏú íõÚóØøöáõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÏúÑóÇßó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÑøóÍó ÃóÆöãøóÊõåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚúáóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöãóäú ÞóÕóÑó äóÝúÓóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóÖõãøó ÛóíúÑóåõ Åöáóíúåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö " Ðóãøö ÇáúÛöíÈóÉö ": Åöäøó ÛóÇíóÉó Úöáúãö ÇáäøóÍúæö æóÚöáúãö ãóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÞúÑóÃó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÍóäó¡ æóíóßúÊõÈó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÍóäó¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãóÔúÛóáóÉñ(3/161)
Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÚóäú ßõáøö ÎóíúÑò. æóäóÇåöíßó ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöäú ãöËúáöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóíúäóÇÁö áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáÕøõæáöíøö: (ÇáäøóÍúæõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæãö ßóÇáúãöáúÍö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÏúÑö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóßúËóÑúÊó ãöäúåõ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÞöÏúÑõ ÒõÚóÇÞðÇ) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚöáúãóÇäö: Úöáúãñ áöáÏøöíäö¡ æóÚöáúãñ áöáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí áöáÏøöíäö ÇáúÝöÞúåõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÇáØøöÈøõ¡ æóãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÔøöÚúÑö æóÇáäøóÍúæö Ýóåõæó ÚóäóÇÁñ æóÊóÚóÈñ. ÑóæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí " ÌõÒúÁö ÇÈúäö ÍóßóãóÇäó "¡ æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó íõÍúãóáõ ÍóÇáõ ãóäú æõÕöÝó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈöÇááøóÍúäö¡ ßóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÃóÍúãóÓöíøö¡ æóÚóæúÝö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÌóãöíáóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö¡ æóåõÔóíúãò¡ æóæóßöíÚò¡ æóÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö.
æóÞóÑóÃó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÚóÈúÏóÇäõ ÍóÇáó ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö æóÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò íóÓúãóÚõ: " ãóäú ÏõÚöíó Ýóáóãú íóÌöÈú ". ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÊøóÍúÊóÇäöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáó: íõÌöÈõ. íóÚúäöí: ÈöÖóãøöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó¡ æóÚóÌöÈó ãöäú ÕóæóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÓõÑóíúÌò¡ ßóãóÇ ÚóÌöÈó ÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò ãöäú ÎóØóÆöåö Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöãøóäú áóÇ ÃõØöíáõ ÈöÅöíÑóÇÏö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÔóÑóÚúÊõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöáóíúåöãú ÃóÔóÇÑó 5 ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ áóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈöÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑó Èúäö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÐøóÇÁö ÇáúÞóíúÓöíøö ÇáÕøóÞóáøöíøö ÈöÇáËøóÛúÑö¡ æóÇáúÊóãóÓó ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó æóÊóÚóáøóáó ÈöÃõãõæÑò ÚõãúÏóÊõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒõ ãöäó ÇáúæõÞõæÚö Ýöí ÇáúßóÐöÈö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú áóåõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÖúÚö Þóæúãñ¡ æóÇÍúÊõÌøó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÊõåõãú æóÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõãú) . æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö)(3/162)
ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÇÈõ ÇááøóÍúäõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò íóáúÍóäõ æóÓõÝúíóÇäõ. æóÐóßóÑó ËóÇáöËðÇ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ßóÇÏöÔò ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÇÑöÆó ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáóì ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ËöÞóÉñ ßóËöíÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÃõäúÓñ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó íóáúÍóäõ áóÍúäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇßõæáóÇ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò ÇáÕøóÏóÝöíøõ: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÇáØøóÇåöÑö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö äóÕúÑò ÇáÐøõåúáöíøö ßöÊóÇÈó (ÇáúÚöáúãö) áöíõæÓõÝó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ ÝóáóãúÇ ÝóÑóÛúÊõ ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ Úóáóíúßó ßóãóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊóåõ ÃóäúÊó. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇááøóÍúäóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇááøóÍúäóÉó. ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ ÃóÝóÓóãöÚúÊóåõ ÃóäúÊó ãõÚúÑóÈðÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞõáúÊõ: åóÐöåö ÈöåóÐöåö¡ æóÞõãúÊõ ãöäú áóíúáóÊöí ÝóÌóáóÓúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáúíóÊöíãö ÇáäøóÍúæöíøö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÈöÇÈúäö ÍóÑúÈóæóíúåö ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóáóãúÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ßóãóÇ ÞõÑöÆóÊú Úóáóíúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈó¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÊõÚúÑöÈõ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõæÓõÝó íõÚúÑöÈõ.
æóÝöí (ÇááøõÞóØö) áöáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøö¡ æóÚóäúåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí(3/163)
(ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäö ãóíúãõæäö Èúäö ãóåúÑóÇäó ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó ÍóäúÈóáò Úóäö ÇááøóÍúäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö - íóÚúäöí ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÛóíøöÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóì - ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáÐøóãøö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏö áöãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóáóãú íõÈúÕöÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉó¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÔõÚúÈóÉó: Åöäøó ãóËóáóåõ ßóãóËóáö ÑóÌõáò Úóáóíúåö ÈõÑúäõÓñ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÑóÃúÓñ. æóÞóæúáö ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó: Åöäøóåõ ßóãóËóáö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö ãöÎúáóÇÉñ áóÇ ÔóÚöíÑó ÝöíåóÇ. ÇáøóÐöí äóÙóãóåõ ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáÓøóÑøóÇÌõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö:
ãóËóáõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóáóÇ ... íõÍúÓöäõ äóÍúæðÇ æóáóÇ áóåõ ÂáóÇÊõ
ßóÍöãóÇÑò ÞóÏú ÚõáøöÞóÊú áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ... ãöäú ÔóÚöíÑò ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ãöÎúáóÇÊõ
ÝóÐóÇßó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú áóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóãóáñ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÑõÈøó ÔóÎúÕò íóÒúÚõãõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó Åöäú ÞóÑóÃó áóÍøóäóåõ ÇáäøõÍóÇÉõ¡ æóÎóØøóÃóåõ áöÊóÕúÍöíÝöåö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ¡ Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ Þöíáó:
åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÝóÇÖöáñ áóÇ íõÌóÇÑóì ... æóÃóÏöíÈñ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁö
áóÇ Åöáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö Åöäú ØóÇáóÈõæåõ ... æóÌóÏõæåõ æóáóÇ Åöáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áöÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö Úóæúäò ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøö ãõÓúÊóãúáò íóáúÍóäõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÎøöÑõæåõ. æóÊóÞóÏøóãó Åöáóì æóÑøóÇÞò ßóÇäó íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÈö æóÇáÔøöÚúÑö Ãóäú íóÞúÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó áößóæúäöåö áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõÕóÍøöÝõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑñæ: ÑõÏøõæäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóáúÍóäõ ÝóáóíúÓó íóãúÓóÎõ. æóäóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚö ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ãõÔúßöáó(3/164)
ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÊõæäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉó ÝóÞóØú.
[ÓóÈöíáõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇááøóÍúäö] :
(æóÇáúÃóÎúÐõ) áöáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö (ãöäú ÃóÝúæóÇåöåöãú) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÖøóÇÈöØöíäó áóåõ ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóãøóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ¡ (áóÇ) ãöäú ÈõØõæäö (ÇáúßõÊõÈö) Ãóæö ÇáÕøõÍõÝö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÏúÑöíÈö ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö.
(ÃóÏúÝóÚõ áöáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö) æóÃóÓúáóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÈúÏöíáö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö¡ (ÝóÇÓúãóÚú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõåõ áóßó¡ (æóÇÏúÃóÈö) Ãóíú: ÌöÏøó Ýöí ÊóáóÞøöíåö Úóäö ÇáúãõÊúÞöäöíäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ãõæÓóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãöäú ãõÕúÍóÝöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ãöäú ÕõÍõÝöíøò. æóÞóÇáó ËóæúÑõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó: áóÇ íõÝúÊöí ÇáäøóÇÓó ÕõÍõÝöíøñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÞúÑöÆõåõãú ãõÕúÍóÝöíøñ. æóáöáøóåö ÏóÑøõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö:
æóãöäú ÈõØõæäö ßóÑóÇÑöíÓó ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõãú ... áóæú äóÇÙóÑõæÇ ÈóÇÞöáðÇ íóæúãðÇ áóãóÇ ÛóáóÈõæÇ
æóÇáúÚöáúãõ Åöäú ÝóÇÊóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãõÓúäöÏöåö ... ßóÇáúÈóíúÊö áóíúÓó áóåõ ÓóÞúÝñ æóáóÇ ØõäõÈõ
Ýöí ÃóåóÇÌöí ßóËöíÑóÉò áöáúãõÊøóÕöÝö ÈöÐóáößó ÃóæúÑóÏó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö) äõÈúÐóÉð¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ãöãøóÇ ãõÏöÍó Èöåö ÎóáóÝñ ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑõ:
áóÇ íóåöãõ ÇáúÍóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö æóáóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøõÍõÝö æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÞóæúáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ - áóãøóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÍóÏöíËò(3/165)
Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÈõÔóíúÑõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò: (Åöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ßóÐóÇ -: ÃõÍóÏøöËõßó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÊõÍóÏøöËõäöí Úóäö ÇáÕøõÍõÝö) . áöÐóáößó¡ æóÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö) Úóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÒóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚóÒöíÒðÇ íóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÕøõÍõÝö¡ ÝóÍóãóáóåõ Ãóæú ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ Ãóåúáöåö.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇááøóÍúäõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúãóÞóÇíöíÓö) : - ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáúÍóÇÁö¡ ÅöãóÇáóÉõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóäú ÌöåóÊöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÍóäó áóÍúäðÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõæóáøóÏö ; áöÃóäøó ÇááøóÍúäó ãõÍúÏóËñ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÈóÉö¡ æóÇááøóÍóäõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíßö ÇáúÝöØúäóÉõ¡ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÍóäó áóÍúäðÇ Ýóåõæó áóÍöäñ æóáóÇÍöäñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ( «áóÚóáøó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóáúÍóäó ÈöÍõÌøóÊöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò» ) .
æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ ãöËúáóåõ æóÞóÇáó: íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöØúäóÉö: áóÍöäó ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÍóÇÁö íóáúÍóäõ ÈöÝóÊúÍöåóÇ¡ æóÝöí (ÇáÒøóíúÛö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö) : áóÍóäó ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÍóÇÁö.
[ÅöÕúáóÇÍõ ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö]
(642) æóÅöäú ÃóÊóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö áóÍúäñ Ãóæú ÎóØóÇ ... ÝóÞöíáó íõÑúæóì ßóíúÝó ÌóÇÁó ÛóáóØóÇ
(643) æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÕøöáöíäó íõÕúáöÍõ ... æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó æóåúæó ÇáúÃóÑúÌóÍõ
(644) Ýöí ÇááøóÍúäö áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Èöåö ... æóÕóæøóÈõæÇ ÇáúÅöÈúÞóÇÁó ãóÚú ÊóÖúÈöíÈöåö
(645) æóíóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ÌóÇäöÈðÇ ßóÐóÇ ... Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö äóÞúáðÇ ÃõÎöÐóÇ(3/166)
(646) æóÇáúÈóÏúÁõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÓóÏú
æóÃóÕúáóÍõ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö ãöäú ãóÊúäò æóÑóÏú ... (647) æóáúíóÃúÊö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóßúËõÑõ
ßóÇÈúäò æóÍóÑúÝò ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÛóíøöÑõ ... (648) æóÇáÓøóÞúØõ íóÏúÑöí Ãóäøó ãóäú ÝóæúÞó ÃóÊóì
Èöåö íõÒóÇÏõ ÈóÚúÏó¡ íóÚúäöí ãõËúÈöÊóÇ ... (649) æóÕóÍøóÍõæÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßó ãóÇ ÏóÑóÓó Ýöí
ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö Åöäú íóÚúÑöÝö ... (650) ÕöÍøóÊóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóÊúäò Ãóæú ÓóäóÏú
ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈøóÊóåõ ãóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏú ... (651) æóÍóÓøóäõæÇ ÇáúÈóíóÇäó ßóÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúßöáö
ßöáúãóÉð Ýöí ÃóÕúáöåö ÝóáúíóÓúÃóáö
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: (ÅöÕúáóÇÍõ ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö) : ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåö¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÝõÑõæÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÇÛúÊöÝóÇÑõ ÇááøóÍóÞö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí Úõáöãó Óóåúæõ ÇáúßóÇÊöÈö Ýöí ÍóÐúÝöåö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ãóÇ ÏóÑóÓó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ãöäú äõÓúÎóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó.
[ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÅöÈúÞóÇÁóåõ] :
(æóÅöäú ÃóÊóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö) Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ¡ (áóÍúäñ) Ýöí ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö¡ (Ãóæú ÎóØóÇ) ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíÝò æóÊóÕúÍöíÝò¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö æóÅöÕúáóÇÍöåö¡ (ÝóÞöíáó) : Åöäøóåõ (íõÑúæóì ßóíúÝó) íóÚúäöí: ßóãóÇ (ÌóÇÁó) ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÈöáóÍúäöåö Ãóæú ÎóØóÆöåö¡ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ÛóáóØóÇ) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áóåõ ÈöÅöÕúáóÇÍò¡ æóåõæó ãóÍúßöíøñ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò¡ ßóÑóÌóÇÁö Èúäö ÍóíúæóÉó¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ ÝóÞóÏó ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÍõÑõæÝò¡ íóÚúäöí: íóÍúßõæäó ÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÔõíõæÎöåöãú ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÇááøóÍúäö.
æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ãóÚúãóÑò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÎúÈóÑóÉó íóáúÍóäõ ÇÞúÊöÝóÇÁð áöãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ æóÃóÈóì äóÇÝöÚñ ãóæúáóì ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóáúÍóäó ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÚóäú ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöËúáóåõ¡ áóßöäú ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøóåõ áóÍúäñ.
ÞóÇáó ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÎóíúËóãóÉó ÚóÞöÈó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÍóÏöíËó ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö ÈöáóÝúÙö (ÃóÊóÑúæõäóåóÇ áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó¿(3/167)
áóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåóÇ áöáúãõÊóáóæøöËöíäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÁõæäó) : ÃóãóÇ ÅöäøóåóÇ áóÍúäñ¡ æóáóßöäú åóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ.
ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ãöäú (ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó) ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóåóÐóÇ Ûõáõæøñ Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ; áöÃóäøóåõãú - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) - íóÑóæúäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇÌöÈðÇ. æóÞöíáó - æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÚöÒøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÓøóáóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí (ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö) : Åöäøóåõ íóÊúÑõßõ ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ÅöíøóÇåõ Úóäú ÐóÇßó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóßõäú íóáúÍóäõ¡ æóÅöäú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö Ýóåúæó áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäúåõ ßóÐóáößó. æóßóÐóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò áóßöäøóåõ ÃóÈúåóãó ÞóÇÆöáóåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóáóãú ÃóÑó Ðóáößó áöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚöÒøö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÇÓóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ æóßøóáóåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÚò ÝóÇÓöÏò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó áóãú íóÃúÐóäú Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÇáößó áóãú íóÃúÐóäú Ýöíåö.
[ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ Ýöí ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö] :
(æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÕøöáöíäó) æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ¡ æóãöäúåõãú åóãøóÇãñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ æóÇÈúäõ(3/168)
ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóÇáäøóÖúÑõ Èúäõ Ôõãóíúáò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÍõáúæóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöãøóäú ÓóÃóÍúßöíåö Úóäúåõãú æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÕóæøóÈóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò¡ Ãóäøóåõ (íõÕúáöÍõ) ÝóíõÛóíøöÑõ (æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó) ãöäú Ãóæøóáö æóåúáóÉò. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ: ÃóÚúÑöÈõæÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóæúãó ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ.
æóÚóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóãöãøóäú Íõßöíó Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ¡ æóÚóØóÇÁñ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÓõÆöáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóíóáúÍóäõ ; ÃóíóÑúæöíåö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ áóåõ ßóÐóáößó Ãóãú íõÚúÑöÈõåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Èóáú íõÚúÑöÈõåõ. ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö (ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö) áóåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóáúÍóäú¡ ÝóÞóæøöãõæåõ. æóÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí " ÌõÒúÁö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö " Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÍúäñ¡ äõÞóæøöãõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÇáúÞóæúãõ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóáúÍóäõæäó¡ ÇááøóÍúäõ ãöäøóÇ. æóÚóäú ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÇáÏøõæÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áöÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò: ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõÞóæøöãõ áöáÑøóÌõáö ÍóÏöíËóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí íóäúÒöÚõ ãöäúåõ ÇááøóÍúäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ßóÇäó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò íõÞóæøöãõ ßõáøó áóÍúäò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÕúáóÇÍó ÇááøóÍúäö ÌóÇÆöÒñ.
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) : Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí äóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇááøóÍúäö Ýöíåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓõãöÚó ãóáúÍõæäðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ãöäó ÇááøóÍúäö ãóÇ íõÍöíáõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó¡ æóíõÕóíøöÑõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãó ÍóáóÇáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóáóÇáó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ åóÐöåö ÓóÈöíáõåõ. æóãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Ýöí Ðóáößó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÛóíøöÑö áöáúãóÚúäóì æóÛóíúÑöåö.
(æóåõæó) Ãóíö ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍõ (ÇáúÃóÑúÌóÍõ Ýöí ÇááøóÍúäö) ÇáøóÐöí (áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Èöåö) æóÝöí ÃóãúËóÇáöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Èöåö ÝóíõÕúáóÍõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÍóÕøöáöíäó ÌóÒúãðÇ. æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãõÛóíøöÑö áöáúãóÚúäóì: áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ áóåõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ(3/169)
ÃóÍúãóÏó: ãóÇ ÒóÇáó ÇáúÞóáóãõ Ýöí íóÏö ÃóÈöí ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÕóÑøóÝö ÇáÔøóíúÁõ Ýöí ãóÚúäðì ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú íõÕúáóÍó. Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäóíøöÑö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö: (äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ) : ( «ÝóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò Åöáóì ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäúåõ» ) . íóÚúäöí áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ÚóÏóãö ÊóÞúáöíÏö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÌöíÁõ Èöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò ÈöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö: (ÝóÈóáøóÛóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó) áößóæúäö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö Èöåö: ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ äóÞúÕò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö) : ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó áóÍøóÇäñ¡ æóÚóäö ÇááøóÍøóÇäö ÂÎóÑõ ãöËúáõåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ËóÇáöËñ ãöËúáõåõ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö. æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÇáúÞóæúáõ Èöåö¡ Ãóíú ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö¡ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó Ýöí ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì. ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: áóÇÒöãñ. íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑõ Ýöí ÕóæóÇÈö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó Ýöí ÎóØóÆöåö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÅöáúÒóÇãöåöãõ ÇáúÞóæúáó Èöåö áößóæúäöåö åõäóÇ ÂßóÏõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÒó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÃóáøóÇ íõÐúßóÑó ÇáúÎóØóÃõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóíóÞøóäðÇ¡ Èóáú íõÑúæóì Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.
Èóáú ßóáóÇãõåõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ÞóÏú íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇááøóÍúäõ íõÍöíáõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÛúíöíÑöåö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö íõÍóÑøöÝõæäó ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóäú æóÌúåöåö¡ æóíõÒöíáõæäó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó Úóäú ãóæúÖöÚöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó íóáúÒóãõ ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóãøóäú åóÐöåö ÓóÈöíáõåõ Ãóäú íóÍúßöíó áóÝúÙóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó æóÌúåó(3/170)
ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Èöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËó áóæú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÄõãøõ ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑó ÇáúãõÞöíãõ. ÈöäóÕúÈö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑö æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúãõÞöíãö¡ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÍóÇáó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¿ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ áóÝúÙöåö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó: ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó ÈöÃóÈöí áóÍúäñ ÝóÇÍöÔñ ÛóíøóÑóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÓóåúáðÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ æóÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ.
æóßóÐóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÌúãóÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöíåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÇãøö áöáöÓóÇäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ Ãóæú ÈöæõÖõæÍö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí (ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö) áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ æóÌúåó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÃóáúÈóÊøóÉó ÍóÑõãó Úóáóíúåö ÊóÃúÏöíóÊõåõ ãóáúÍõæäðÇ¡ áöÊóíóÞøõäöäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóáúÍóäú ÞóØøõ¡ æóÅöäøó ÌóÇÒó æóáóæú Úóáóì áõÛóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÃóÏøóÇåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÝóÓóæöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÞóÇÈöÓöíøõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö æóÃõÕúáöÍó ; áöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóßõäú íóáúÍóäõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÝóáóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íõßóáøöãõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöáõÛóÊöåöãú. íóÚúäöí ßóÞóæúáöåö Úóáóì áõÛóÉö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøöíäó Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÇááøóÇãö ãöíãðÇ: ( «áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇãúÈöÑøö ÇãúÕöíóÇãõ Ýöí ÇãúÓóÝóÑö» ) .
æóãöäú Ëóãøó ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÑóæøöí Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúËö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇááøõÛóÉó æóÇÓöÚóÉñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ äóÑóì ãóÇ íóÊóæóåøóãõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÎóØóÃð¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÛóíøóÑõæåõ¡ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ÐóÇ æóÌúåò ÕóÍöíÍò¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÝöíó æóÇÓúÊõÛúÑöÈó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÚõÏøõæäóåõ ÎóØóÃð ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö.
æóÐóáößó áößóËúÑóÉö áõÛóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö(3/171)
æóÊóÔóÚøõÈöåóÇ¡ åóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáúæóÞúÔöíøõ ãóÚó ÊóÞóÏøõãöåö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóßóËúÑóÉö ãõØóÇáóÚóÊöåö æóÇÝúÊöäóÇäöåö æóËõÞõæÈö Ýóåúãöåö æóÍöÏøóÉö Ðöåúäöåö¡ ßóÇäó íõÈóÇÏöÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÍö æóÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóäú Óóáóßó ãóÓúáóßóåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò: áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö áõÛóÉñ¡ æóáöÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áõÛóÉñ¡ æóáõÛóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÃóÞúíóÓõ¡ æóáóÇ äóÌöÏõ ÈõÏøðÇ ãöäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö áõÛóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö.
æóÑõÆöíó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÑøó ãöäú ÔóÝóÊöåö Ãóæú áöÓóÇäöåö ÔóíúÁñ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÝúÙóÉñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÛóíøóÑúÊõåóÇ ÈöÑóÃúíöí¡ ÝóÝõÚöáó Èöí åóÐóÇ.
[ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö Ãóæö ÇáúÎóØóÃö] :
æóáöÐóÇ ßõáøöåö (ÕóæøóÈõæÇ) Ãóíú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÎö (ÇáúÅöÈúÞóÇÁó) áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÊóÞúÑöíÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú Óóáóßõæåõ Ýöí ÃóÍúÑõÝò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÌóÇÁóÊú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøöáóÇæóÉö ÇáúãõÌúãóÚö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÞúÑóÃú ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóæóÇÐøö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö) æó (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö) æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. ßõáøõ Ðóáößó (ãóÚú ÊóÖúÈöíÈöåö) Ãóíö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóáóÇãóÉö ÇáúãõäóÈøöåóÉö Úóáóì Îóáóáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ (æóíóÐúßõÑõ) ãóÚó Ðóáößó (ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó) ÇáøóÐöí ÙóåóÑó (ÌóÇäöÈðÇ) ¡ Ãóíú ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáøö ãöäú åóÇãöÔö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö.
(ßóÐóÇ Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö) ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (äóÞúáðÇ) áöÚöíóÇÖò Úóäúåõãú (ÃõÎöÐóÇ) ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóíúåö Úóãóáõåõãú¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö ÑóÇæöí Óõäóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ áóÍúäðÇ¡ æóíóßúÊõÈõ Úóáóì ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö: ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ßóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÝóÇÑöÓò: æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ(3/172)
ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóíøóÇäöÔöíøö: ÕóæøóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÓúÊóÍúÓöäõåõ¡ æóÈöåö ÂÎõÐõ. æóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÈúÞóì áöáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóÃóäúÝóì áöáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö. íóÚúäöí áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ æóäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÓúæöíÏö Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäú áóæú æõÌöÏó áóåõ æóÌúåñ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÊõÌúÚóáõ ÇáÖøóÈøóÉõ ÊóÕúÍöíÍðÇ.
ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÃóæúáóì ÓóÏøõ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö æóÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö áöÆóáøóÇ íóÌúÓõÑó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÓöäõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÓúáóãõ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÈúíöíäö¡ ÝóíóÐúßõÑõ Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó¡ Ëõãøó íóÐúßõÑõ æóÌúåó ÕóæóÇÈöåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö. æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò ÍóíúËõ ÃóÏøóì ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ æóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ßóÐóÇ.
æóÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÈöæõÌõæÈö Ðóáößó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) : Åöäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Íõãöáó ãöäú ÎóØóÃò æóÊóÕúÍöíÝò¡ Ëõãøó ÈóíóÇäõ ÕóæóÇÈöåö. (æóÇáúÈóÏúÁõ Èö) ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö (ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö) ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÈöÃóäú íõÞóÇáó ãóËóáðÇ: æóÞóÚó ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöäóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ (Ãóæúáóì) ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊõÏöÆó Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ (æóÃóÓóÏø) ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ Ãóíú ÃóÞúæóãõ¡ ßóíúáóÇ íõÊóÞóæøóáó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ (æóÃóÕúáóÍõ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ íõÕúáóÍõ Èöåö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏõ ãóÃúÎõæÐðÇ (ãöäú ãóÊúäò) ÂÎóÑó (æóÑóÏú) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Êöáúßó ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÝóÖúáðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Âãóäõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÞóæøóáðÇ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóÇ íõÝóÓøóÑõ Èöåö ÛóÑöíÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö.
[ØóÑöíÞóÉõ ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö] :
åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÇáäøóÇÔöÆö Úóäö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÇÔöÆõ Úóäú ÓóÞúØò ÎóÝöíÝò (ÝóáúíóÃúÊö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö) æóäóÍúæöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉð(3/173)
æóÅöáúÍóÇÞðÇ¡ (ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóßúËõÑõ) ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúæóÇÞöÝö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Úóáóíúåö¡ (ßóÇÈúäò) ãöäú ãöËúáö: ËóäóÇ ÍóÌøóÇÌñ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò. æó " ÃóÈöí " Ýöí ÇáúßõäúíóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÞóØú áóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ (æó) ßóÜ (ÍóÑúÝò ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÛóíøöÑõ) ÅöÓúÞóÇØõåõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö.
(æó) ÅöáúÍóÇÞöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóäúÈöíåò Úóáóì ÓõÞõæØöåö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÓøõäóäö: æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí ÍóÌøóÇÌñ¡ Úóäú ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ; íóÌõæÒõ áöí Ãóäú ÃõÕúáöÍóåõ ÇÈúäó ÌõÑóíúÌò¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÓóÃóáóåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÌõáö íóÓúãóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóíóÓúÞõØõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ãöËúáõ ÇáúÃóáöÝö æóÇááøóÇãö æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó¡ ÃóíõÕúáöÍõåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö Ãóäú íõÕúáöÍóåõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áöãóÇáößò: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÒóÇÏõ Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÇæõ æóÇáúÃóáöÝõ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÝöíÝðÇ.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÌóÏøöí áóÇ íóÑóì ÈöÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇáúÛóáóØö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÔóßøõ Ýöí ÛóáóØöåö ÈóÃúÓðÇ. æóÑõÈøóãóÇ äóÈøóåó ÝóÇÚöáóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÏøóÞöíÞöíøõ ÈöÍóÏöíËò Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÒóÚóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóÒóÚóÉó.
æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ Ïõßóíúäò Úóäú ÔóíúÎò áóåõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: Úóäú ÈõÍóíúäóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò: ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÈõÍóíúäóÉó¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó.
(æóÇáÓøóÞúØõ) Ãóíö: ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ ãöãøóÇ (íóÏúÑöí Ãóäøó ãöäú ÝóæúÞõ) ÈöÖóãøö ÂÎöÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö (ÃóÊóì Èöåö íõÒóÇÏõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö áóßöäú (ÈóÚúÏó) áóÝúÙö (íóÚúäöí) ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö áóåóÇ (ãõËúÈöÊóÇ) ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ ÅöÐú Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó (ßóÇäó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÏúäöí Åöáóíøó ÑóÃúÓóåõ ÝóÃõÑóÌøöáõåõ) .
Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó(3/174)
Èúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ Úóäö ÇáúãóÍóÇãöáöíøö¡ ÈöÓóäóÏöåö Åöáóì ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÚúäöí Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.
æóäóÈøóåó ÚóÞöÈóåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÐößúÑó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÔóíúÎöåö ãóÚó ËõÈõæÊöåö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÍóÇãöáöíøö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áößóæúäöåö áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÍúÝõæÙñ Úóäú ÚóãúÑóÉó ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ßóæúäö ÚóãúÑóÉó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøóÉð¡ ÃóáúÍóÞóåõ¡ æóáóßöäú áößóæúäö ÔóíúÎöåö áóãú íóÞõáúåõ áóåõ ÒóÇÏó " íóÚúäöí " ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÔõíõæÎöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÛóíúÑó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÝóÚóáóåõ Ýöí ãöËúáöåö. Èóáú ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÜ " íóÚúäöí ". æóÕóäöíÚõ ßõáøò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò æóÇáÏøóÞöíÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÍóÓóäñ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍõ ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö íóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì ãõÛóÇíöÑò áöãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÊóÃóßøóÏó Ýöíåö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÐúßõÑõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóÞúÑõæäðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÞóØó áöíóÓúáóãó ãöäú ãóÚóÑøóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóãöäú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Úóáóì ÔóíúÎöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú. æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÞúÊóÖóì Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØöåö.
[ßóíúÝó íóÓúÊóÏúÑößõ ãóÇ ÏóÑóÓó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¿] :
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÕóÍøóÍõæÇ) Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ (ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßó ãóÇ ÏóÑóÓó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö) ÈöÊóÞúØöíÚò Ãóæú Èóáóáò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ (ãöäú) ßöÊóÇÈò ÂÎóÑó (ÛóíúÑöåö Åöäú íóÚúÑöÝö) ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑößõ (ÕöÍøóÊóåõ) Ãóíú ÐóÇßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ËöÞóÉð ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóÓúßõäõ äóÝúÓõåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ äõÚóíúãõ Èúäõ ÍóãøóÇÏò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ (ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ãóÊúäò Ãóæú) ÈóÚúÖö (ÓóäóÏú) ßóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑó ÍóíúËõ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ æóáóãú ÊóÊóäóæøóÚö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÇÊõ¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö.(3/175)
æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ãóÇÓöíøò ãöäú ãõØúáóÞö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇÍúÊóÑóÞóÊú ÈóÚúÖõ ßõÊõÈöåö¡ æóÃóßóáóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ ÈóÚúÖó ÍóæóÇÔöíåóÇ¡ æóæóÌóÏó äõÓóÎðÇ ãöäúåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÑó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÏúÑößó ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑöÞó ãöäúåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßõ ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏöí ÌóÇÆöÒñ. íóÚúäöí ÈöÔóÑúØöåö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö. (ßóãóÇ) íóÌõæÒõ ÝöíãóÇ (ÅöÐóÇ) Ôóßøó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ æó (ËóÈøóÊóåõ) Ýöíåö (ãóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏú) Úóáóíúåö ËöÞóÉð æóÖóÈúØðÇ¡ ãöäú ÍöÝúÙöåö Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÎóÐóåõ åõæó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÚóÇÕöãñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ ÅöÐú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó¡ (æóÍóÓøóäõæÇ) ÝöíåöãóÇ (ÇáúÈóíóÇäó) ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÇÕöãñ¡ æóËóÈøóÊóäöí Ýöíåö ÔõÚúÈóÉõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ¡ æóËóÈøóÊóäöí Ýöíåö ãóÚúãóÑñ. æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÊóÚúÏöíáö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÈóÚúÖöåöäøó ÈóÚúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÃóÝúåóãóäöí ÈóÚúÖóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íõæäõÓó¡ ËóäóÇ ÝõáóíúÍñ. æóÓóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó: åóáú ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÑóÝöíÞõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÝõáóíúÍò¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Íóãóáóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÑóÝöíÞõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¿ æóáóßöäú áóÓúäóÇ ÈöÕóÏóÏö ÈóíóÇäöåö åõäóÇ.
æóÝöí ÈóÇÈö ÊóÔúÈöíßö ÇáúÃóÕóÇÈöÚö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÞõÈóíúáö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÇáøóÊöí Úóáóì ØõÑõÞö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ ËóäóÇ ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò - åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö - ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ÃóÈöí Ýóáóãú ÃóÍúÝóÙúåõ¡ ÝóÞóæøóãóåõ áöí æóÇÞöÏñ¡ íóÚúäöí ÃóÎóÇåõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö - åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ(3/176)
ÒóíúÏò - ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈöí - åõæó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó - æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö - íóÚúäöí ÃóÈóÇåõ -: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ßóíúÝó Èößó ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÞöíÊó Ýöí ÍõËóÇáóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö» ¿) ¡ æóÝöí ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ Þóæúáó ÇáÒøõæÑö} [ÇáÍÌ: 30] ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÃóæúÑóÏó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íõæäõÓó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÃóÝúåóãóäöí ÑóÌõáñ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ.
æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íõæäõÓó¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÚóßóÓó ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÝóåöãúÊõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ ÝóÃóÝúåóãóäöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì ÌóäúÈöåö¡ ÃóÑóÇåõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÎöíåö.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÔóÑöíßò¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íõæäõÓó. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: ÝóíõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó íõæäõÓó ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö.
æóÝöí ÈóÇÈö (ÞõæãõæÇ Åöáóì ÓóíøöÏößõãú) ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö ÓóÇÞó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: ÃóÝúåóãóäöí ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö. æóäóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúáöåö: æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «æóíõåöáøõ Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö ãöäú íóáóãúáóãó» ) áóãú ÃóÝúÞóåú åóÐöåö ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÕóÇÑó íóÑúæöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉó Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÓóãöÚóåóÇ¡ áóßöäú áóãú íóÝúÞóåúåóÇ.
æóÝöí (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: ( «íóßõæäõ ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÃóãöíÑðÇ) ÝóÞóÇáó ßóáöãóÉð áóãú ÃóÓúãóÚúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈöí: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò» ) .
æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøöíäõ ÚóÒöíÒðÇ Åöáóì ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÎóáöíÝóÉð» ) ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÈøóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÖóÌøõæÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ßóáöãóÉð ÎóÝöíøóÉð¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: ßóáóÇãðÇ áóãú ÃóÝúåóãúåõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóåú¡ ãóÇ ÞóÇáó¿ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ.
æóÃóÕúáõåõ ÚöäúÏó(3/177)
ãõÓúáöãò Ïõæäó Þóæúáöåö: (ÝóßóÈøóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÖóÌøõæÇ) .
æóæóÞóÚó ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó: ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊøõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÃõÈóíøò Ýöí ÃõäóÇÓò¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ áöíó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ñõæöíó ÈöÏõæäö ÈóíóÇäò¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÑúÌóÍõ¡ æóÚóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÑóæóì ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóäú ãóÇáößò ÑóÍöãóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ ÍóÏöíËó ãóÇáößö Èúäö ÃóæúÓö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÏóËóÇäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÑúÝö ÈöáóÝúÙö: ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó ÎóÇÒöäöí ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö. Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÑöíóÊöí. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÔóßóßúÊõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇáößò ÕóÍöíÍðÇ áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó ØóÇáó Úóáóíøó ÇáÒøóãóÇäõ æóáóãú ÃóÍúÝóÙú ÍöÝúÙðÇ¡ ÝóÔóßóßúÊõ Ýöí ÌóÇÑöíóÊöí Ãóæú ÎóÇÒöäöí¡ æóÛóíúÑöí íóÞõæáõ Úóäúåõ: ÎóÇÒöäöí.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÔóíúÁñ ãöãøóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãò ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÚõ ãöãøóÇ íóÝúÊóÑöÞõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú áöÃóÕúáöåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÊõÐóßøöÑó ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 282] ÝóÅöäú Èóíøóäó æóáóãú íõÚóíøöäú ãóäú ËóÈøóÊóåõ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí (Óõäóäöåö) ÚóÞöÈó ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÍóÒúäò ÇáúßõáóÝöíøö ÝóÞóÇáó: ËóÈøóÊóäöí Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ.
(æóßó) ãóÓúÃóáóÉö (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúßöáö ßöáúãóÉð) ãöäú ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ; áößóæúäöåö æóÌóÏóåóÇ (Ýöí ÃóÕúáöåö) ÛóíúÑó ãõÞóíøóÏóÉò¡ (ÝóáúíóÓúÃóáö) Ãóíú ÝóáöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó íóÓúÃóáõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóáúíóÑúæöåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÎúÈóÑõ Èöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÍóÑúÝò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóáõæÇ Úóäúåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöí Þóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáÙøóäøö. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ:(3/178)
íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÑúÝó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ íóÏúÑöí Ãóíøõ ÔóíúÁò åõæó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÊóÈóåõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ; ÃóíõÑöíåö ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÝóíõÎúÈöÑóåõ Èöåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Óóåúáö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÓøöÌöÓúÊóÇäöíøö ÇáäøóÍúæöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚóÝøóÇäõ íóÌöíÁõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÎúÝóÔö æóÅöáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÍúæö¡ ÝóíóÚúÑöÖõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó íõÚúÑöÈõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÎúÝóÔõ: Úóáóíúßó ÈöåóÐóÇ. íóÚúäöí ÃóÈóÇ ÍóÇÊöãò.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: ÝóßóÇäó ÚóÝøóÇäõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó íóÌöíÆõäöí ÍóÊøóì ÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíøó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÚúØöí ßõÊõÈóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ áóÍúäñ áöãóäú íõÕóÍøöÍõåóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõãú ãöäøöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóÇÚúÑöÖõæåõ Úóáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÍúßöãõæåõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÇáúßóáöãóÉö íóÞõæáõ: ÃóåóÇåõäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¿ ßóíúÝó åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ.
æóÓóãöÚó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÇäó - æóßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö - ÇÈúäó ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: " ÊóÚúáóÞõ ãöäú ËöãóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ". ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇááøóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " ÊóÚúáõÞõ " íóÚúäöí ÈöÖóãøöåóÇ ãöäú " ÚóáóÞó "¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇááøóÇãö¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó Åöáóíúåö.
æóÓóãöÚó ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøõ ÔõÚúÈóÉó æóåõæó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓöåö íóÞõæáõ: " ÝóíóÓúãóÚõæäó ÌóÑóÔó ØóíúÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö " ÞóÇáóåõ ÈöÇáÔøöíäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö¡.
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøõ: ÌóÑóÓó. íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ: ÎõÐõæåóÇ Úóäúåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöäøóÇ.
æóÓóãöÚó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÈóÇÝöíøõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÏøóÇÑóßöíøó ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÑöíÓöåö: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÒöÝóÊö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ÝóáóÇ ÔõÝúÚóÉó.
ÝóÓóÃóáó ÚóäúåóÇ ÇÈúäó Ìöäøöíøò ÇáäøóÍúæöíøó Ýóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåóÇ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÇáúãõÚóÇÝóì Èúäó ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÑöÝøóÊú¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáÑøóÇÁö æóÇáúÝóÇÁö ÇáúãõÔóÏøóÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃõÑóÝõ ÇáúãóÚóÇáöãõ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊóÊö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ æóÚõíøöäóÊö ÇáúãóÚóÇáöãõ æóãõíøöÒóÊú ÝóáóÇ ÔõÝúÚóÉó.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúÈóÇÊó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÚóÑóÖó áóåõ Ýöíåö Ôóßøñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÐúßõÑó(3/179)
áóåõ ÇáúãóÍóáøó ÇáúãóÔúßõæßó Ýöíåö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóÔóßøóßó Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Èóáú íóÐúßõÑõ áóåõ ØóÑóÝó ÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýóåõæó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÑóÈö.
[ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö]
(652) æóÍóíúËõ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÔóíúÎò ÓóãöÚú ... ãóÊúäðÇ ÈöãóÚúäðì áóÇ ÈöáóÝúÙò ÝóÞóäöÚú
(653) ÈöáóÝúÙò æóÇÍöÏò æóÓóãøóì Çáúßõáøó ÕóÍú ... ÚöäúÏó ãõÌöíÒöí ÇáäøóÞúáö ãóÚúäðì æóÑóÌóÍú
(654) ÈóíóÇäõåõ ãóÚú ÞóÇáó Ãóæú ãóÚú ÞóÇáóÇ ... æóãóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖò ÐóÇ æóÐóÇ æóÞóÇáóÇ
(655) ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö Ãóæú áóãú íóÞõáö ... ÕóÍøó áóåõãú æóÇáúßõÊúÈõ Åöäú ÊõÞóÇÈóáö
(656) ÈöÃóÕúáö ÔóíúÎò ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö Ýóåóáú ... íõÓúãöí ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ãöÚú ÈóíóÇäöåö ÇÍúÊóãóáú
[ßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö] :
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: (ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö) Ýöí ãóÊúäò æóßöÊóÇÈò¡ Ãóæö ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¡ (æóÍóíúËõ) ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí (ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÔóíúÎò) ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóÃóßúËóÑó (ÓóãöÚó ãóÊúäðÇ) Ãóíú: ÍóÏöíËðÇ (ÈöãóÚúäðì) æóÇÍöÏò ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö (áóÇ ÈöáóÝúÙò) æóÇÍöÏò¡ Èóáú åõãú Ýöíåö ãõÎúÊóáöÝõæäó¡ (ÝóÞóäöÚú) Íöíäó ÅöíÑóÇÏöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ (ÈöáóÝúÙò æóÇÍöÏò) ãöäúåõãú¡ (æóÓóãøóì) ãóÚóåõ (Çáúßõáøó) ÍóãúáðÇ áöáóÝúÙöåöãú Úóáóì áóÝúÙöåö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ÇááøóÝúÙõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó ãóËóáðÇ: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõËóäøóì æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ.
(ÕóÍú) Ðóáößó (ÚöäúÏó ãõÌöíÒöí ÇáäøóÞúáö ãóÚúäðì) Ãóíú ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Èóíøóäó Ðóáößó Ãóæú áóÇ¡ æóãöãøóäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÍúãöáõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÌóãóÇÚóÉò íóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó Úóáóì áóÝúÙö ÃóÍóÏöåöãú ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí áóÝúÙöåö.
(æó) áóßöäú (ÑóÌóÍú ÈóíóÇäõåõ) ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ Ãóíú:(3/180)
åõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÈöÃóäú íõÚóíøóäó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊõÕöÑó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó. æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó áöáúÎõÑõæÌö ãöäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúãóÊúäö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøõÑõæÚö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó ÓöíóÇÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú ÊóãúíöíÒó áóÝúÙö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ ÈóíóÇäõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ Úóäú ãõÓóÏøóÏò¡ Úóäú ÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö: ËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ Úóæúäò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó - ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ æóáóãú íóÍúÝóÙú ÍóÏöíËó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÏöíËó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö åóÐóÇ - ÞóÇáóÇ: ÞóÇáóÊú Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - íóÚúäöí ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó -: ( «ÈóÚóËó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúåóÏúíö» ) . æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ æóÃóÈõæ ßóÇãöáò¡ ÏóÎóáó ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö. Ëõãøó åõæó Ýöí Óõáõæßöåö ÇáúÈóíóÇäó ÍóíúËõ ãóíøóÒó¡ ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÚúíöíäö ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇááøóÝúÙö Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó (ãóÚú) ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö (ÞóÇáó Ãóæú ãóÚú) ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáúÚóíúäö ÝöíåöãóÇ (ÞóÇáóÇ) Åöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäö ÇËúäóíúäö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóßúËóÑó.
[ÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö] :
æóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÏøóÊú ÚöäóÇíóÉõ ãõÓúáöãò ÈöÈóíóÇäö Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúäö æóÕöÝóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóäóÓóÈöåö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ¡ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ áóÇ íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ Èöåö ãóÚúäðì¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåö ÊóÛóíøõÑñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÎóÝöíøñ áóÇ íóÊóÝóØøóäõ áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÈöãóßóÇäò.
æóÇÓúÊõÍúÓöäó áóåõ Þóæúáõåõ: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó æóÒõåóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó. ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ãóäøó ÅöÚóÇÏóÊóåõ ËóÇäöíðÇ ÐößúÑó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÎóÇÕøóÉð íõÔúÚöÑõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÃóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó áóåõ.
æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí(3/181)
ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó æóÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò æóÒõåóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ Úóäú ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÛöíóÇËò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò: ËóäóÇ ÍóÝúÕñ. Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÚõãóíúÑò ãóæúáóì ÂÈöí ÇááøóÍúãö ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ãóãúáõæßðÇ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ãöäú ãóÇáö ãóæóÇáöíøó ÈöÔóíúÁò¿ ÞóÇáó: (äóÚóãú¡ æóÇáúÃóÌúÑõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ äöÕúÝóÇäö» ) .
ÝóÅöäøó áóÝúÙó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò - ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ãõÕóäøóÝöåö) - ÍóÝúÕñ¡ ÈöÏõæäö ÕöíÛóÉò¡ æóÓóÇÞó ÓóäóÏóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ ãóãúáõæßðÇ¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÃóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóßóÇäó ãóæúáóÇíó íóäúåóÇäöí¡ Ãóæú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÇáúÃóÌúÑõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ) . æóáóÝúÙõ ÒõåóíúÑò ßóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏöåö) Úóäúåõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÝúÕñ. æóÓóÇÞó ÓóäóÏóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ãóãúáõæßðÇ¡ æóßõäúÊõ ÃóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöáóÍúãò ãöäú áóÍúãö ãóæúáóÇíó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÊóÕóÏøóÞú¡ æóÇáúÃóÌúÑõ ÈóíúäóßõãóÇ äöÕúÝóÇäö» ) .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ¡ ÝóÇäúÍóÕóÑó ßóæúäõ ÇááøóÝúÙö áöãóäú ÃóÚóÇÏóåõ ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ Ýöí ÃóãúËöáóÉò áöÐóáößó áóÇ äõØöíáõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ áóÇ íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåöãú¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÂÏóãó: ËóäóÇ ÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ áöÃóÌúáö ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö ÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóäúÚóäóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ; ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóßõæäõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÊøóÝöÞðÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ.
æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íõäóÈøöåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæóÇÝõÞö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚúíöíäö ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇááøóÝúÙö ßóÞóæúáöåö: ËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ ÇáúãóÚúäóì. æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ. ßóÞóæúáöåö: ËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóíóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ. æóåöíó ÃóæúÖóÍõ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÊóæóåøóãõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö ßóæúäóåõ ÇáúãóÚúäöíøó¡ ÈößóÓúÑö Çáäøõæäö äöÓúÈóÉð(3/182)
áöãóÚúäò. æóíóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÞúÑöäú ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÛóíúÑóåõ.
æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö ÃóÊúÞóäó¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ æóåõÏúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò¡ æóÃóäóÇ áöÍóÏöíËöåö ÃóÊúÞóäõ.
æóãöãøóäú ÓóÈóÞó ãõÓúáöãðÇ áöäóÍúæö ÕóäöíÚöåö ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÍóÑöíÕñ Úóáóì ÊóãúíöíÒö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÇáúãóÊúäö.
æóÞóÏú íóäúÔóÃõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåö áöãóäú áóãú íóÊóÏóÈøóÑú ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÑóÇæò áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó. æóÚóÈøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáúãõåóáøóÈöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÃóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÚóÈøóÇÏñ: ÇÈúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò. ÍóíúËõ Ùóäøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö Ãóäøó ÒöíóÇÏðÇ åõæó æóÇáöÏõ ÚóÈøóÇÏò¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú åõæó æóÇáöÏõ åöÔóÇãò¡ ÇÎúÊõÕøó ÚóÈøóÇÏñ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö Úóäú ÑóÝöíÞöåö íóÒöíÏó.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÍóÌøóÇÌñ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÑöÈúÚöíøö Èúäö ÍöÑóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö - ÞóÇáó ÍóÌøóÇÌñ: ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÇãöÑò - Úóäú ÃóäóÓò. ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ. ÝóáóíúÓó Þóæúáõåõ: ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÚóÇãöÑò æóÕúÝðÇ áöÍóÌøóÇÌò¡ Èóáú åõæó ãóÞõæáõåõ æóÕóÝó Èöåö ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö¡ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöæóÕúÝöåö áóåõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ÑóÝöíÞöåö¡ æóÍóÌøóÇÌñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÃóÍóÏõ ÔóíúÎóíú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóãúËöáóÉõ Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
[Íõßúãõ ÎóáúØö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö] :
æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó áöáÕøöÍøóÉö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÈóíøöäú ÈöãóÇ íóÎõÕøõ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ Èóáú íóáúÊóÍöÞõ Èöåö (ãóÇ) íóÃúÊöí Ýöíåö (ÈöÈóÚúÖö) áóÝúÙö (ÐóÇ) Ãóíú: ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö¡ (æó) ÈóÚúÖö áóÝúÙö (ÐóÇ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöíåö¡ ãóíøóÒó ÇáÑøóÇæöí áóÝúÙó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ãóæú áóãú íõãóíøöÒú¡ (æóÞóÇáóÇ) Ãóíú:(3/183)
ÇáÑøóÇæöí áóÝúÙó: (ÇÞóÊóÑóÈóÇ) Ãóíú: ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö (Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö) Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÇÍöÏñ. æóãóÇ ÃóÔóÈóåóåõãóÇ¡ (Ãóæú áóãú íóÞõáú) ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÏú (ÕóÍøó áóåõãú) Ãóíú áöãõÌöíÒöí ÇáäøóÞúáö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÚöíÈó ÈöÊóÑúßöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó áóãú íõÎúÑöÌú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ¡ Èóáú æóÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ãõÓúáöãñ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóáóì ÎõÕõæÕö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ËóÇÈöÊò.
[ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÕóäöíÚö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö] :
áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÑõÏøó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÇÈó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó Èöåö ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝóÇÚöáõåõ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì.
åóÐóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò áóãú íóÊóÃóÎøóÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö áóåõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãöãøóäú íóÝúÚóáõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÍóãøóÇÏò ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇáö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÓóÇÁó ÍöÝúÙõåõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÕóäöíÚöåö æóÕóäöíÚö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ ÈöÃóäøó ÇÈúäó æóåúÈò ÃóÊúÞóäõ áöãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö æóÃóÍúÝóÙõ.
æóÈöåö íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÚóÑøöÌõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊõ Åöáóíúåö åõæó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò - Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÊóÚóÇØóì ÇáúÈóíóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇíöíäö ßóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö " ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö ": ËóäóÇ íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ ÑóÇÔöÏò¡ ËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ æóÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áöÌóÑöíÑò. ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóíúÏö æóÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö: ËóäóÇ íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ ÑóÇÔöÏò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áöíóÒöíÏó. æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÌóÒúãó Èößóæúäöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ÅöÐú íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö ßóãóÇ(3/184)
ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÓúáõßõ ãóÓúáóßðÇ ÏóÞöíÞðÇ íóÑúãõÒõ Ýöíåö áöáúÈóíóÇäö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö: ËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÈõßóíúÑò ËóäóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ¡ Úóäú ÚõÞóíúáò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò - åõæó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö - Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÞóÇÊöáò¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö - åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö - ÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: «ßóÇäõæÇ íóÕõæãõæäó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÝúÑóÖó ÑóãóÖóÇäõ¡ æóßóÇäó íóæúãðÇ ÊõÓúÊóÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÖó Çááøóåõ ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÕõæãóåõ ÝóáúíóÕõãúåõ¡ æóãóäú ÔóÇÁó Ãóäú íóÊúÑõßóåõ ÝóáúíóÊúÑõßúåõ» ) .
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÏóáó Úóäú Ãóäú íóÞúØóÚó ÇáÓøóäóÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕóÉó ãöäó ÇáËøóÇäöí: ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö. áößóæúäö ÇááøóÝúÙö áöáËøóÇäöí ÝóÞóØú¡ æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÈöÌóÒúãö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö ÈöÃóäøó ÓóÊúÑó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕóÉó ÎóÇÕøóÉð Ïõæäó ÚõÞóíúáò¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÚõÞóíúáò áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇÈõ Þóæúáö Çááøóåö: {ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 97] ÇáúÂíóÉó.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ: Åöäøó ÚóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ. æóÞóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí (Óõäóäöåö) : ËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÊóæúÈóÉó¡ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÞóÇáóÇ: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö. íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÍóÏöíËöåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö: æóÊóÞóÇÑóÈóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö. æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÃóÈöí ÊóæúÈóÉó ÝóÞóØú¡ æóíóßõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ áöáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö: æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áöÝõáóÇäò.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: æóíóáúÒóãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó ÑóæóÇåõ ÈöáóÝúÙò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ æóÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÊóÞóÇÑóÈóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö. áóÇ ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑó áóåõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóÃúÊöíøó Èöåö áóÝúÙñ ËóÇáöËñ ÛóíúÑõ áóÝúÙóíúåöãóÇ.
æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáõ ßõáøöåóÇ ÂíöáóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóÓõæÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóáóì áóÝúÙò ãóÑúæöíøò áóåõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÞöíó(3/185)
ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøõ¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäøó íóßõæäó ãõáóÝøóÞðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ÅöÐú ãöäú ÝõÑõæÚö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÎò ÞöØúÚóÉð ãöäú ãóÊúäò¡ ÝóÃóæúÑóÏóåõ Úóäú ÌóãöíÚöåöãú ÈöÏõæäö ÊóãúíöíÒò.
[Íõßúãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò æóÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÈöÃóÕúáö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú] :
(æóÇáúßõÊúÈõ) ÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáÊøóÇÁö¡ ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉõ¡ ßóÜ (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö) æó (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ¡ ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäú ÔóíúÎóíúäö ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (Åöäú ÊõÞóÇÈóáú ÈöÃóÕúáö ÔóíúÎò) ÎóÇÕøóÉð (ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö) Ãóæú ÔóíúÎóíúåö Ïõæäó ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ.
(Ýóåóáú íõÓúãöí) ÈöÓõßõæäö ËóÇäöíåö¡ ÚöäúÏó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áöÐóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ãóÚó ÈóíóÇäöåö Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó áöÝõáóÇäò ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇÈóáó ÈöÃóÕúáöåö¿ (ÇÍúÊóãóáú) ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ßóÇáúÃóæøóáö ; áöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåõ ÈöäóÕøöåö ãöãøóäú ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó ÚóÏóãóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Úöáúãó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈößóíúÝöíøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÎúÈöÑó Úóäúåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇØøóáóÚó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö¡ æóÞóÇáó: íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÎóÕøó ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÈóíøöäú Íöíäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Èóíøóäó ßóãóÇ åõæó ÝóÑúÖõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ æóáóæú ÝõÑöÖó Ýóåõæó íóÓöíÑñ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÊóÌúÈõÑõåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ¡ åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúáóãõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ¡ ÝóÅöäú Úóáöãóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÏúÑõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó: Åöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ Ýöí ÃóáúÝóÇÙò¡ Ãóæú Ýöí áõÛóÇÊò¡ Ãóæö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÖóÈúØò¡ ÌóÇÒó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãõÓúÊóÞöáøóÉò ÝóáóÇ.(3/186)
[ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí äóÓóÈö ÇáÔøóíúÎö]
(657) æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ Åöäú íóÃúÊö ÈöÈóÚúÖö äóÓóÈò ... ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö
(658) ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÝóÕúáò äóÍúæó åõæó Ãóæú íóÚúäöí ... Ãóæú ÌöÆú ÈöÃóäøó æóÇäúÓöÈóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäöíøó
(659) ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÊóãøó ÇáäøóÓóÈóÇ ... Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÝóÞóØú ÝóÐóåóÈóÇ
(660) ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íõÊóãú ... ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóÇáúÝóÕúáõ Ãóæúáóì æóÃóÊóãú
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: (ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ) Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö (Ýöí äóÓóÈö ÇáÔøóíúÎö) ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÞóÚú ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Ãóæú æóÞóÚó áóßöäú ÈöÃóæøóáö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Ïõæäó ÈóÇÞöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåö.
(æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ Åöäú íóÃúÊö) Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö áóßó (ÈöÈóÚúÖö äóÓóÈò ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåö) ÔóíúÎöåö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑó Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúãö ÝóÞóØú¡ Ãóæú ãóÚó ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóÈö¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈö ÝóÞóØú¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÇáúßõäúíóÉö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ Èöåö áößõáøò Ãóæú ÊóÊöãøõ.
(ÝóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËóßó Èöåö ÔóíúÎõßó¡ (æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö) ÅöÏúÑóÇÌóåõ Ýöíåö (ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÝóÕúáò) íóÊóãóíøóÒõ Èöåö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏõ (äóÍúæó åõæó) ÇÈúäõ ÝõáóÇäò ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøõ¡ (Ãóæú íóÚúäöí) ÇÈúäó ÝõáóÇäò¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÛóíúÑó ãóäúÓõæÈò ÞóÇáó: íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÝõáóÇäò.
æóåõæó Ýöí (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö) æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ßóËöíÑñ¡ (Ãóæú ÌöÆú ÈöÃóäøó) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö Çáäøõæäö.
(æóÇäúÓöÈóäøó) Èöäõæäò ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúãõÔóÏøóÏóÉö (ÇáúãóÚúäöí) ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøõ Ýöí (ÇááøõÞúØö) áóåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóßó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. æóáóãú íóäúÓöÈúåõ¡ æóÃóÍúÈóÈúÊó Ãóäú ÊóäúÓöÈóåõ ÝóÞõáú: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäó Èúäó ÝõáóÇäò ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó ÍóÏøóËóåõ.
æóãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÌöíÒõ ÅöíÑóÇÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÜ " åõæó " Ãóæú " íóÚúäöí " ãõÓúáöãñ ; áößóæúäöåö æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ(3/187)
Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÎúÈöÑúåõ Èöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú " Ãóäøó " ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÔúÚóÇÑö ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÅöäö ÇÕúØóáóÍó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö æóÃóäúÓóÇÈöåöãú ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøóÞúÕö¡ æóÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÊóÚúíöíäö ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãóÇ áóãú íóÕöáõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó¡ Èóáú æóÑõÈøóãóÇ áóÞøóÈõæÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúãóÍõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÖóÇÝõ Ðóáößó Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóÃóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ ÃóäóÇ ÇáúÚóáøóÇãóÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóæúÍóÏõ ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÝõáóÇäñ. ãóÚó ßóæúäö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áóæú ÚõÑöÖó Úóáóíúåö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÔóíúÎöåö áóÃóÈóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóæóÓøõÚñ ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Åöáóì ãóäúÚöåö.
(ÃóãøóÇ) æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí (ÅöÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóßó (ÃóÊóãøó ÇáäøóÓóÈóÇ) áöÔóíúÎöåö Ãóæú ãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ (Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö) Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (ÝóÞóØú) ¡ æóÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Ýöí ÈóÇÞöíåö Úóáóì ÇÓúãöåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ Ãóæú äóÓóÈöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí " ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÎóáøöÕö " ÍóíúËõ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ¡ ÇÈúäõ ÈöäúÊö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäöíÚò. Ëõãøó íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Úóáóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö.
(ÝóÐóåóÈóÇ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó) ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäúåõãú (áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íõÊöãú ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ) Ãóíú: ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏðÇ Úóáóì ÐößúÑöåö ßóÐóáößó ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÝóÕóáó¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ Ãóäøó åõäóÇßó áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇáúãõÏúÑóÌó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÅöÏúÑóÇÌñ áöÔóíúÁò áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÝóÕúáõ Ýöíåö¡ (æóÇáúÝóÕúáõ) åõäóÇ (Ãóæúáóì) áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍö ÈöÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇÌö¡ (æóÃóÊóãú) áöÌóãúÚöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
æóÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÇáúÃóæúáóæöíøóÉö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäóåõ¡ æóÎóÏóÔó ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö Úóáöíøò(3/188)
ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö äóÒöíáö äóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó¡ æóÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúãõÌóæøöÏöíäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÑóÚö æóÇáÏøöíäö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: æóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóËöíÑóÉò ÑóæóÇåóÇ áóäóÇ ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ: ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ ÇÈúäõ ÍöãúÏóÇäó¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ íóÚúáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡ Ãóäøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäó ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö äóÇÝöÚò ÍóÏøóËóåõãú¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ íõæÓõÝó ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáÕøóÝøóÇÑó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú. ÝóÐóßóÑó áöí Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÓóãøóÚóåóÇ Úóáóì ÔõíõæÎöåö Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö äõÓóÎò äóÓóÈõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÍóÏøóËõæåõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ¡ æóÇÞúÊóÕóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÈóÞöíøóÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÐößúÑö ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú. ÈöÃóäøó ÞóæúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ßóÇäõæÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÃõÌöíÒó¡ íóÚúäöí áöÔõíõæÎöåöãú: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÍóÏøóËóåõãú. ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí: ßóíúÝó íóÞõæáõ ãóäú Ñóæóì ÈöÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö¿ ÞõÈóíúáó ÞöÓúãö ÇáúãõßóÇÊóÈóÉö¡ ãóÚó ÍößóÇíóÉö ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúãöáú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóäúÝóì áöáÙøöäøóÉö. íóÚúäöí Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÊóíúäö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ ÝóÃóæúáóÇåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - åõæó¡ Ëõãøó " íóÚúäöí "¡ Ëõãøó " Åöäøó "¡ Ëõãøó ÅöíÑóÇÏõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóãóäú ãóäóÚó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÇ íõÌöíÒõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑó.
[ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáøóÊöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ]
(661) æóÇáäøõÓóÎõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÞóØõ ... ÊóÌúÏöíÏõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÊúäò ÃóÍúæóØõ
(662) æóÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ ÇáúÈóÏúÁõ Èöåö æóíõÐúßóÑõ ... ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãóÚú æóÈöåö æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ
(663) ÌóæøóÒó Ãóäú íõÝúÑöÏó ÈóÚúÖðÇ ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏú ... áöÂÎöÐò ßóÐóÇ æóÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍõ ÃóÓóÏú
(664) æóãóäú íõÚöíÏõ ÓóäóÏó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚú ... ÂÎöÑöåö ÇÍúÊóÇØó æóÎõáúÝðÇ ãóÇ ÑóÝóÚú
[ÊóÌúÏöíÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáäøõÓóÎö] :
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: (ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäú) ÃóËúäóÇÁö (ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáøóÊöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ) .
(æóÇáäøõÓóÎõ) æóÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁõ (ÇáøóÊöí) ãõÊõæäõåóÇ (ÈÅöÓúäóÇÏò)(3/189)
æóÇÍöÏò (ÞóØõ) Ãóíú: ÝóÞóØú¡ ßóäõÓúÎóÉö åóãøóÇãö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò Úóäúåõ¡ æóäõÓúÎóÉö ÔõÚóíúÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóäõÓúÎóÉö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö (ÊóÌúÏöíÏõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö (Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÊúäò) ãöäúåóÇ (ÃóÍúæóØõ) ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö¡ Èóáú ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÔóÏøöÏöíäó.
(æó) áóßöäö (ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÕóäöíÚöåöãú¡ (ÇáúÈóÏúÁõ Èöåö) Ãóíú ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ýöí ÃóæøóáöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ãóÌúáöÓò ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚöåóÇ¡ (æóíõÐúßóÑõ ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö (ãóÚú) ÈöÇáÓøõßõæäö¡ Þóæúáöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäúåóÇ: (æóÈöåö) Ãóíú: æóÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Ãóæö ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ (æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ) æóãöäúåõãú æóßöíÚñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ¡ (ÌóæøóÒó Ãóäú íõÝúÑöÏó ÈóÚúÖðÇ) ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåóÇ ãöäú Ãóíö ãóßóÇäò ÔóÇÁó (ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏú) ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö (áöÂÎöÐò ßóÐóÇ) Ãóíú ÌóæøóÒó Ðóáößó áöãóäú ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ßóÐóáößó.
ÃóãøóÇ æóßöíÚñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ: ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö: ËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò. Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ: æóÚóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò. Ýóåóáú íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäú Ðóáößó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ åóãøóÇãò áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú íóÞúØóÚóåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó - ÅöÐú Þöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó æóÑúÞóÇÁó Èúäó ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÍóÏöíËöåö: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò. íóÚúäöí Ëõãøó íóÚúØöÝõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåóáú ÊóÑóì ÈóÃúÓðÇ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóåóÇ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÝóíóßúÊõÈó Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò: æóÑúÞóÇÁõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¿ -: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ æóÇÍöÏñ áöÚöÏøóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊõæäö Ãóäú íõÌóÏøóÏó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ áößõáøö ãóÊúäò.(3/190)
æóãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇÆöíäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúÆöáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÓóÃóáóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäõ Úóáöíøóßó. æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÐúßóÑó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäúåóÇ áöãóäú ÓóãóÇÚõåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝö.
æóßóÐóÇ ãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÑóÂåõ ÊóÏúáöíÓðÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÅöíåóÇãöåö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐóáößó ÓóãöÚó ÈöÊóßúÑóÇÑö ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõßóÑøóÑðÇ ÊóÍúÞöíÞðÇ áóÇ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÊóÞúÏöíÑðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó ßóíúÝöíøóÉó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö. æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝó áóåõ Íõßúãõ ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö ÊóÞúØöíÚö ÇáúãóÊúäö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ æóÞóÑöíÈõ ÇáÔøóÈóåö ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ãöäú ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóÞóÚõ ÅöíÑóÇÏõ ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ãóäú íóÊóÌóÏøóÏõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó¡ æóíõßúÊóÝóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóÈöåö. ÍóíúËõ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó.
ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ÇáúãóäúÚõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóäúÒöíåö æóãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍóÊøõãö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ æóÌúåó áöáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚñ áóÇ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÚñ¡ æóåõæó áóãú íõÑúæó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉö Ýóíóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ãõÈúÊóÏóÚóÇÊöåóÇ áóÇ ãöäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚóÇÊöåóÇ.
[ÕóäöíÚõ ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú ÕóÍöíÝóÉö åóãøóÇãò] :
(æóÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍõ) ÈöÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó (ÃóÓóÏú) ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ Ãóíú ÃóÞúæóãõ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÝóÉö åóãøóÇãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÏó ÓöíóÇÞö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì åóãøóÇãò: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ. ÝóÐóßóÑó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÐóÇ. æóíóÓõæÞõ ÇáúãóÊúäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑõæãõ ÅöíÑóÇÏóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÏöáú Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõæÑöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö.(3/191)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãó Ãóæøóáó ÍóÏöíËò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏöíËõ (äóÍúäõ ÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó) . Ëõãøó íóÚúØöÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáøóÐöí íõÑöíÏõåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóæúÖóÍõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ Þóáøó ãóäö ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì ãóÞúÕöÏö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èóíúäó ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöáÊøóÑúÌóãóÉö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÞõæóÇåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóåõæó áóãú íóØøóÑöÏú Úóãóáõåõ áóåõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íõæÑöÏõåõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö¡ Èóáú ÃóæúÑóÏó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈõíõæÚö¡ æóÝöí ÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÕøõáúÍö¡ æóÞöÕøóÉö ãõæÓóì¡ æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó¡ æóÝöí ÇáØøöÈøö¡ æóÇááøöÈóÇÓö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íõÕúÏöÑú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖò Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖò.
æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó ÌóæóÇÒó ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÕóäöíÚö ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ(3/192)
ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÔõÚóíúÈò ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö «áóÇ ÊóÈõæáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇßöÏö» ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÃóäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ ÍóÏøóËóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: ( «äóÍúäõ ÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó» ) . æóÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÞóÇáó: ( «áóÇ íóÈõæáóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãö» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊóÇ Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöåöãóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ Þóáøó Ãóäú íõæÌóÏó ÍóÏöíËñ Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõãóÇ Åöáóì äóÍúæöåö ãóÇáößñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÕøõÈúÍö æóÇáúÚóÊóãóÉö ãöäú (ãõæóØøóÆöåö) ãõÊõæäðÇ ÈöÓóäóÏò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÃóæøóáõåóÇ: (ãóÑøó ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÛõÕúäö Ôóæúßò) ¡ æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ: ( «áóæú íóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõÈúÍö æóÇáúÚóÊóãóÉö áóÃóÊóæúåõãóÇ æóáóæú ÍóÈúæðÇ» ) æóáóíúÓó ÛóÑóÖõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑó¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÃóÏøóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåóÇ Èöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ æóÇÝóÞó Úóáóì ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÂÎóÑõæäó.
(æóãóäú íõÚöíÏõ ÓóäóÏó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) Ãóæö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúãõÔúÊóãöáö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåóÇ¡ (ãóÚú ÂÎöÑöåö) Ãóíú Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÞóÏö (ÇÍúÊóÇØó) áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö æóÊóÖóãøõäö ÅöÌóÇÒóÉò ÈóÇáöÛóÉò ãöäú ÃóÚúáóì ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú (ÎõáúÝðÇ ãóÇ ÑóÝóÚó) Ãóíú: áóãú íóÑúÝóÚú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó¡ ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÚóÏóãö ÇÊøöÕóÇáö ÇáÓøóäóÏö Èößõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäúåóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÇÖöí Ýöí ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò áóãú íóÒõáú ÈöÐóáößó.
[ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóäóÏö]
(665) æóÓóÈúÞõ ãóÊúäò áóæú ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÓóäóÏò ... áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúæóÕúáó æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóÈúÊóÏöíó(3/193)
(666) ÑóÇæò ßóÐóÇ ÈöÓóäóÏò ÝóãõÊøóÌöåú
æóÞóÇáó ÎõáúÝõ ÇáäøóÞúáö ãóÚúäðì íóÊøóÌöåú ... (667) Ýöí ÐóÇ ßóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö ÞóÏøóãúÊó Úóáóì
ÈóÚúÖò ÝóÝöíåö ÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ äõÞöáóÇ
[ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóäóÏö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúæóÕúáó] : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: (ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóäóÏö) ÌóãöíÚöåö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåö. (æóÓóÈúÞõ ãóÊúäò) Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÓóäóÏöåö ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò ÞóÇáó: äóÒóáóÊú: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 59] . Ýöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÍõÐóÇÝóÉó Èúäö ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÚóÏöíøò ÇáÓøóåúãöíøö¡ ÈóÚóËóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÓóÑöíøóÉò. ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöíåö íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ áóåõ Çáúãõáúßõ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ) . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ãóäú ÍóÏøóËóßó ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ãóíúãõæäò. íóÚúäöí Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó.
æóßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) : æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: (ÍóÏøöËõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó¡ ÃóÊõÍöÈøõæäó Ãóäú íõßóÐøóÈó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ) .
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Èöåö ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì¡ Úóäú ãóÚúÑõæÝö Èúäö ÎóÑøóÈõæÐó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò. ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æó (áóæú) ßóÇäó ÓóÈúÞõåõ ãõÞúÊóÑöäðÇ (ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÓóäóÏö) ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ãöãøóÇ íóáöí ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ßóÝóì ÇáúÎóÇÏöãõ ÃóÍóÏóßõãõ ØóÚóÇãóåõ ÝóáúíõÌúáöÓúåõ ÝóáúíóÃúßõáú ãóÚóåõ» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èöåö.
æóÞóæúáöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÞóÇáó: ( «íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ áóÇ íóÞúÊõáõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóãóíúÊõãõ ÇáúÌóãúÑóÉó ÝóÇÑúãõæåóÇ ÈöãöËúáö ÍóÕóì ÇáúÎóÐúÝö» ) . æóÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ: íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö¡ Úóäú Ãõãøöåö¡ íóÚúäöí Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èöåö.
æóÍóßóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ãóäøó ÔóÑöíßðÇ áóãú(3/194)
íóßõäú íõÍóÏøöËõ ÅöáøóÇ åóßóÐóÇ¡ ßóÇäó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÝõáóÇäñ. ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Úóãøóäú¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò.
Ãóæú ãöãøóÇ íóáöí ÇáúãóÊúäó ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÐóÇ. ÃóäóÇ Èöåö ÝõáóÇäñ. æóíóÓõæÞõ ÓóäóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÚóãúÑòæ.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓò æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæú ãóÌúáöÓóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ Íóßóì ãóÇáößñ ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóÌúáöÓõ Åöáóì ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ßóÐóÇ. Ëõãøó äóÌúáöÓõ Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúÊó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ; ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑóßó Èöåö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúäõåõ ÓóÇáöãñ.
æóãöãøóäú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Èóáú æóÝóÚóáóåõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÚóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö. æó (áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ) ÇáÓøóÈúÞõ Ýöí Ðóáößó (ÇáúæóÕúáó) ¡ Èóáú íõÍúßóãõ ÈöÇÊøöÕóÇáöåö ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏøóãó ÇáÓøóäóÏó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÊúäö.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (áóÇ) íóãúäóÚõ (Ãóäú íóÈúÊóÏöí) ÑóÇæò ÊóÍóãøóáó ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö åóÜ (ßóÐóÇ) ÇáúãóÊúäó (ÈöÓóäóÏò) æóíõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáúãóÊúäó ßóÇáúÌóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãóÃúáõæÝóÉö (ÝóÜ) åóÐóÇ (ãõÊøóÌöåú) ßóãóÇ ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó. æóßóáóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏó íõÔúÚöÑõ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÏóÇæõÏó ÓóÃóáóåõ: åóáú áöãóäú ÓóãöÚó ßóÐóáößó Ãóäú íõÄóáøöÝó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ÚöäúÏöí ÌóæóÇÒõåõ.
æóíóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÇÓúãö ÔóíúÎöåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãóËóáðÇ: ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÍóÏøóËóäöí.
(æóÞóÇáó) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æó (ÎõáúÝõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí (ÇáäøóÞúáö ãóÚúäðì) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì (íóÊøóÌöåú) ãóÌöíÆõåõ (Ýöí ÐóÇ) ÇáúÝóÑúÚö (ßóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö) ÅöÐóÇ (ÞóÏøóãúÊó) Èöåö (Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÝóÝöíåö) ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ) ßóãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ÞóÏú (äõÞöáóÇ) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑúÚóíúäö.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ãóäóÚó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ ãóÌöíÁó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÝóÑúÚöäóÇ¡ æóÝóÑøóÞó ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÞúÏöíãó(3/195)
ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö ÞóÏú íõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì Îóáóáò Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö Ýöí ÇáúÚóØúÝö æóÚóæúÏö ÇáÖøóãöíÑö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóäóÏö.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö áöÐóáößó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÅöÑúÔóÇÏöåö) : æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÌóæóÇÒõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÊóÞúÏöíãö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÊóÛóíøóÑõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó: ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÈöÌöæóÇÒöåö. æóÞöíáó: Ýöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ ßóÊóÞúÏöíãö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò. Úóáóì Ãóäøó áöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Åöäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóØúáóÞó ÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁð ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ãöäú ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÞúØóÚó ÈöÌóæóÇÒöåö Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÊúäõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøóãõ ãõÑúÊóÈöØðÇ ÈöÇáúãõÄóÎøóÑö. Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ íõÓúÊóËúäóì ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ áöÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ãóäú Ýöíåö ãóÞóÇáñ ÍóíúËõ íóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøóãö Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÛö ãöäó ÇáúãóÊúäö íóÐúßõÑõ Ãóæøóáó ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí Íöáøò ãöäúåõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÇ íõÌóæøöÒõ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ. íóÚúäöí ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÈóíøöäú. æóßóÐóÇ ãóíøóÒó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ Èóíúäó ãóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Ýöí (ãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌöåö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóäú íóÚúÑöÖõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóáóì ÔóÑúØöåö¡ ÈöÐößúÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÝóæúÞõ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑóÇÛöåö ãöäúåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöíåö ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò. ßóãóÇ äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí (ÇáúãóÏúÎóáö) .
æóãöãøóäú ãóäóÚó ÊóÞúÏöíãó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËó. ( «Èõäöíó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÎóãúÓò» ) . æóÝöíåö (ÍóÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóÕöíóÇãõ ÑóãóÖóÇäó) . ÝóÃóÚóÇÏóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáÕøöíóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÇÌúÚóáö ÇáÕøöíóÇãó ÂÎöÑóåõäøó ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.(3/196)
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Ôóßøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏö ßóÍóÏöíËö: ( «Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑõ ÚóíúÈóÊöí æóßóÑöÔöí» ) . Ãóæú: (ßóÑöÔöí æóÚóíúÈóÊöí) . æóßóÍóÏöíËö ÃóÓúáóãó æóÛöÝóÇÑó Ãóæú ÛöÝóÇÑó æóÃóÓúáóãó. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö ßóÞóæúáö ÚóÇÕöãò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÝóÃóæúÓöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓößõãú ÅöÐóÇ æóÓøóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú» ) . Ãóæú: ( «ÅöÐóÇ æóÓøóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÝóÃóæúÓöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓößõãú» ) : áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ÈöÃóíøöåöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó.
ÃóæúÑóÏó Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö ßóáöãóÉò Úóáóì ÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú (ßöÝóÇíóÊöåö) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈóæøóÈó áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÍóßóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÛóíøóÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö æóÇáöÏö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö.
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[Íõßúãõ ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö Úóáóíúåö ÈöäóÍúæöåö Ãóæú ãöËúáöåö] : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó: (ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: ãöËúáóåõ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ) . (æóÞóæúáõåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáÑøóÇæöíö (ãóÚú ÍóÐúÝö ãóÊúäò) ÃóæúÑóÏó ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó (ãöËúáóåõ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ãóÊúäðÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ) ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú ÓöíóÇÞöåö¡ åóáú íóÓõæÛõ ÅöíÑóÇÏõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáúãóØúæöíøö ãóÊúäõåõ¿ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö¡ (ÝóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ) ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö(3/197)
æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ ßóÇáäøóæóæöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö.
(ÇáúãóäúÚõ) áöãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ ßóÐóáößó (ãöäú Ãóäú) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö (íõßóãøöáóåú ÈöÓóäóÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÞóØú áöÚóÏóãö ÊóíóÞøõäö ÊóãóÇËõáöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÝöí ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóíúäö Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÅöÝúßö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÝõáóíúÍö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÈöØõæáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÝõáóíúÍò Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ ãóÚó ÊóÝóÇæõÊò ßóËöíÑò Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÎóÇÑöÌò.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: ÝóßóÃóäøó ÝõáóíúÍðÇ ÊóÌóæøóÒó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ãöËúáóåõ. æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò æóãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÎõÈóíúÈö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÚóÇÕöãò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ: ( «ßóÝóì ÈöÇáúãóÑúÁö ßóÐöÈðÇ» ) . Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍóÝúÕò¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ ÝóæóÕóáóåõ ÈöÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóáóãú íóÓõÞú áóÝúÙóåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ. åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóÞóÚú áöí ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö Úóáöíøò ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáóÝúÙö (ÅöËúãðÇ) ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúáöãñ áóãú íõÔóÏøöÏú áößóæúäöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ Ãóæú æóÞóÚó áóåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ¡ æóÝöí(3/198)
Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ äóÙóÑñ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÔóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ãöËúáóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÚóíúäö áóÝúÙöåö¡ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÝöíãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ÏóÇÆöÑñ Èóíúäó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóäó ÈöãöËúáöåö áóÝúÙõ ÓóæóÇÁò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ßóæúäöåö ÈöáóÝúÙöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóì ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Èöåö Úóáóì áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí: ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò¡ ãöËúáóåõ. áóÇ íõÌúÒöÆõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: äóÍúæóåõ. Ôóßøñ¡ Ãóíú: Ýóíóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö æóßöíÚò Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ æóäóÍúæóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ. Ãóíú: ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö. æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÞõÑóÇÏò ÃóÈöí äõæÍò ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÛóÒúæóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÏöíËò.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÍóÐúÝö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãóÚó Ðóáößó æóÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö. æóáöÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö ÃóÍúæóÇáñ: ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúãóÊúäó ÚóÞöÈó ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÚóÞöÈó ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÚúßöÓõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóíõÄóÎøöÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáøóÐöí áóåõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ¡ æóíõÑúÏöÝõåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ãöËúáóåõ.
(æóÞöíáó Èóáú) íóÌõæÒõ (áóåú) Ãóíú: áöáÓøóÇãöÚö ßóÐóáößó ÅößúãóÇáõåõ (Åöäú ÚóÑóÝó) ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ (ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÈöÇáÊøóÍóÝøõÙö æóÇáÖøóÈúØö) .
æóÚóÏøö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö¡ (æóÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö áöáÊøóáóÝøõÙö) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúãöáõ áóÝúÙó ÑóÇæò Úóáóì ÂÎóÑó¡ ãöËúáó ãõÓúáöãò ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö) ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÒõæáõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ. ÍóßóÇåóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÓúäóÏó Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó ÞóÇáó: æóÌóÏúÊõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí: Þöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ãóÚöíäò: íõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÍóÏöíËò¡ Ëõãøó íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÂÎóÑó Ýöí ÃóËóÑöåö ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãöËúáóåõ¡ íóÌõæÒõ áöí Ãóäú ÃóÞõÕøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ: ãöËúáóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ: ãöËúáóåõ. ÝóßóíúÝó ÃóÞõÕøõ ÃóäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöíåö¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ. ÝóÞóÕóÕúÊó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó " ãöËúáóåõ " íóÚúäöí ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡(3/199)
ÝóÞóÇáó: ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞóÏøóãó. ÝóÅöäú ÔöÆúÊó ÝóÍóÏøöËú ÈöÇáúãöËúáö Úóáóì áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÞóæøóì ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÙúåóÑó áóåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøó ÕóäóÚóåõ ÍóÊøóì Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúãõÍúÊóãöáö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøó ÃóÎúÑóÌó Ýöí (Óõäóäöåö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÍóÏöíËó: " ÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ: ÃóäúÝöÞú Úóáóíøó æóÅöáøóÇ ØóáøöÞúäöí ".
Ëõãøó ÎóÑøóÌó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ãóÇ íõäúÝöÞõ Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ; ÞóÇáó: íõÝóÑøóÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.
Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöËúáóåõ.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáöåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöËúáó ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝö æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãöËúáó ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö¡ ÎóÑøóÌóåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÝöíåö áóÝúÙõ ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚúÓóÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈöäóÝóÞóÉö ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö íõÝóÑøóÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ» ) . æóáóãú íóÞóÚú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáóÝúÙóÉö " ãöËúáóåõ " ÇáúãõÍúÊóãöáóÉö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÍóÏöíËõ (ÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ) Ýöí " ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö " ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó æóÚóÇÕöãö ÇÈúäö ÈóåúÏóáóÉó ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÃóËóÑðÇ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö Åöáóì íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö íóÚúÌöÒõ Úóäú äóÝóÞóÉö ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö: íõÝóÑøóÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.
Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÇÕöãö ÇÈúäö ÈóåúÏóáóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÝóÚóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ãóäøó ÒöíóÇÏóÉó ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÃóËóÑö ÓóÚöíÏò ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: ãöËúáõåõ Ãóíú ãöËúáõ ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö¡ áößóæúäöåöãóÇ ãõÊøóÍöÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÇáÑøóÝúÚö.
[ÌóæóÇÒõ ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí äóÍúæöåö áóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáöåö] :
(æóÇáúãóäúÚõ) æóåõæó Þóæúáñ ãõÝóÕøóáñ (Ýöí äóÍúæò) ÈöÇáÊøóäúæöíäö¡ Ãóíú: Ýöí äóÍúæöåö (ÝóÞóØú) Ãóíú: Ïõæäó " ãöËúáöåö "¡ ÞóÏú ÍõßöíóÇ(3/200)
ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÏøõæÑöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÏöíËñ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò æóÚóäú ÑóÌõáò ÂÎóÑó ãöËúáóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú íóÑúæöíóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ãöËúáóåõ. ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: äóÍúæóåõ.
íóÚúäöí ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöÙóÇåöÑö ÇááøóÝúÙóíúäö ÅöÐú " ãöËúáóåõ " íõÚúØöí ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöíó Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö " äóÍúæöåö "¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãöËúáóåõ. ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ Úóáóì áóÝúÙò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóíóÍöáøõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: äóÍúæóåõ. ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ãöËúáö ãóÚóÇäöíåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æóÐóÇ) Ãóíú: ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò (Úóáóì) ÚóÏóãö ÌóæóÇÒö (ÇáäøóÞúáö ÈöãóÚúäðì) Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì (ÈõäöíóÇ) ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÚöäúÏóåõ Èóíúäó ÇááøóÝúÙóíúäö.
ÞóÇáó: (æóÇÎúÊöíÑó) ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Íöíäó ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÈöíáö (Ãóäú) íõæÑöÏó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó (æóíóÞõæáó) : ÝóÐóßóÑó (ãöËúáó) Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ãóæú ãóÚúäóì (ãóÊúäò) ÐõßöÑó (ÞóÈúáõ æóãóÊúäõåõ ßóÐóÇ æóíóÈúäöí) ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÊóÇÑõåõ. íóÚúäöí áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö ÈöÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö æóÅöÒóÇáóÉö ÇáúÅöíåóÇãö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÈöÍößóÇíóÉö ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö. æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí (ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò) : Åöäøóåõ áóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÍõÓúäöåö - ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ ãöäú ßóæúäö åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚö íõæåöãõ ÓóãóÇÚó ÇáúãóÊúäö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÑóßóåõ áöÛóÑóÖò ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÞóÇÏöÍò¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöäóÍúæöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÚõãóÑó ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏöåö. ËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó - åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò - ËóäóÇ ÚóÇãöÑñ - åõæó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ - Íó¡ æóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò - íóÚúäöí ÇáØøóäóÇÝöÓöíøó - ËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ - íóÚúäöí ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó - Úóäú ÑóÌõáò¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö ÞóÇáó: ãóÑøó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöØóáúÍóÉó. ÝóÐóßóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÑøó ÚõãóÑõ ÈöØóáúÍóÉó ÝóÑóÂåõ ãõåúÊóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: áóÚóáøóåõ ÔóÇßò ÅöãóÇÑóÉó ÇÈúäö Úóãøößó. æóÓóÇÞóåõ¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: ÞóÇáó: ãóÑøó ÇáËøóÇäöí(3/201)
åõæó áóÝúÙõ ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ÈöÃóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ áóßöäú ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÓõÞú áöáúãóÊúäö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ÈöÜ " äóÍúæò " ØóÑöíÞðÇ íóÚõæÏõ ÇáÖøóãöíÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÝóÞóÇáó: äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÞöÈóåõ ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ: íóÚúäöí: (áóæúáóÇ Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó áóãú íõÎúäóÒö ÇááøóÍúãõ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÍóæøóÇÁõ áóãú ÊóÎõäú ÃõäúËóì ÒóæúÌóåóÇ) . æóßóÃóäøóåõ áößóæúäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ÈöÓóäóÏò Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÔóÑúØöåö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóáóíúÓó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÈöíáö ÅöíÑóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóäúÕõæÑò æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÞóÇáó: íóÚúäöí: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÕóÏøóÞóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ãöäú ÈóíúÊö ÒóæúÌöåóÇ» ) . Èóáú åóÐóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Èöåö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ñóæóì ãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì.
[Íõßúãõ ÓöíóÇÞö ÊóãóÇãò áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ] ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö Ëõãøó ÚóØóÝó Úóáóíúåö¡ (æó) ÃóãøóÇ (Þóæúáõåõ) Ãóíö ÇáÑøóÇæöí (ÅöÐú ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÊúäò áóãú íóÓõÞú) Èóáú ÍóÐóÝó¡ Ëõãøó ÚóØóÝó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóæóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ØóÑóÝò ãöäúåõ ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ.
(æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó) Ãóæú: æóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõãóÇ¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö Ãóæú ÈöØõæáöåö¡ Ãóæú: Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö. ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÚóÇÏóÉõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö (ÝóÇáúãóäúÚõ) ãöäú ÓöíóÇÞö ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö (ÃóÍóÞú) ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ æóíóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõËúÈóÊö ãöäúåõ ÝóÞóØú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö. æóãöãøóäú ÕóÑøóÍó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇÆöíäöíøõ æóÑóÎøóÕó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
(æóÞöíáó Åöäú íóÚúÑöÝú) ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ æóÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ßöáóÇåõãóÇ) ãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö (ÇáúÎóÈóÑú) ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö (íõÑúÌóì) ßóãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ (ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ) ÞóÇáó: (æóÇáúÈóíóÇäõ) ãóÚó Ðóáößó áöáúæóÇÞöÚö ÈöÃóäú íóÞúÊóÕøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ëõãøó íóÞõæáó: æóÊóãóÇãõåõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. æóíóÓõæÞóåõ åõæó(3/202)
(ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑú) Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóíóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÓóãøóÚó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÇáúãóÊúäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÝóÕøóáó ÝóíõÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÓóãøóÚó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö Ãóæú Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏú ÓóáóÝó ÈóíóÇäõåõ æóÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ.
(æóÞóÇáó) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (Åöäú íóÌõÒú) Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÍúßöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö (ÝóÜ) ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ (ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóåú áöãóÇ Øóæóì) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö åõæó ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ. ÞóÇáó: áóßöäøóåóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ ÃóßöíÏóÉñ ÞóæöíøóÉñ. íóÚúäöí áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÔóíúÁò ãõÚóíøóäò áöãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ãóÚó ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Èöåö¡ ÝóÃõÏúÑöÌó Ýöíåö. (æóÇÛúÊóÝóÑõæÇ) Ãóíú ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó (ÅöÝúÑóÇÒóåú) Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö ÈöÕöíÛóÉò ÊóÏõáøõ áóåóÇ. ÞõáúÊõ: Ãóæú áóÚóáøó ÝóÇÚöáóåõ ãöãøóäú íóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáúãõÌóÇÒö ÈöÜ " ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ " æó " ËóäóÇ " ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó.
[ÅöÈúÏóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÚóßúÓõåõ]
(
676 -) æóÅöäú ÑóÓõæáñ ÈöäóÈöíøò ÃõÈúÏöáóÇ ... ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúãóäúÚõ ßóÚóßúÓò ÝõÚöáóÇ
(677) æóÞóÏú ÑóÌóÇ ÌóæóÇÒóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóäúÈóáö ... æóÇáäøóæóæöí ÕóæøóÈóåõ æóåúæó Ìóáöí.
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó: (ÅöÈúÏóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÚóßúÓõåõ) .
(æóÅöäú ÑóÓõæáñ) æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÃóäú Þöíáó: ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (ÈöäóÈöíøò) Ãóíú: ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ÃõÈúÏöáóÇ) æóÞúÊó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö¡ (ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúãóäúÚõ) ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞóíøõÏõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö (ßóÚóßúÓò ÝõÚöáóÇ) ÈöÃóäú íõÈúÏóáó ãóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ýöíåö ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒóÊö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì åõäóÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ. íóÚúäöí ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÊóÓóÇæöí ãóÝúåõæãóíúåöãóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ(3/203)
ÍóäúÈóáò ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäú áóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö " ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö " ÖóÑóÈó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö " äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö "¡ æóßóÊóÈó Ðóáößó ÈóÏóáóåõ¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøó Ðóáößó áóíúÓó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇááøõÒõæãö¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö Ýöí áóÝúÙöåö.
(æóÞóÏú ÑóÌóÇ ÌóæóÇÒóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóäúÈóáö) äóÝúÓõåõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó - ÅöÐú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇÈúäõåõ ÕóÇáöÍñ Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö " ÝóíóÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÈóÏóáóåõ " ÇáäøóÈöíøó " -: ÃóÑúÌõæ ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó Èöåö ÈóÃúÓñ. æóßóÐóÇ ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó áöÚóÝøóÇäó æóÈóåúÒò áóãøóÇ ÌóÚóáóÇ íõÛóíøöÑóÇäö " ÇáäøóÈöíøó " - íóÚúäöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö - ÈöÜ " ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö " - íóÚúäöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö -: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäúÊõãóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÝúÞóåóÇäö ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
æóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ (Çáäøóæóæöí) ÈöÇáÓøõßõæäö¡ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÕóæøóÈóåõ) Ãóíö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒó (æóåúæó Ìóáöí) æóÇÖöÍñ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö. æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝöíåöãóÇ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ. áóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Åöáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÊóíúäö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÈóÇÈó ÊóÚóÈøõÏò ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÈóÏúÑö Èúäö ÌóãóÇÚóÉó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Þöíáó ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ýöí ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÎóÇÕøóÉð áóãóÇ ÈóÚõÏó ; áóÃóäøó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãóÚúäðì ÒóÇÆöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóåõæó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ¡ ÅöÐú ßõáøõ ÑóÓõæáò äóÈöíøñ æóáóÇ ÚóßúÓó¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈóÃö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö åõæó ÇáúãõäóÈøóÃõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóãúÑò íóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú(3/204)
ÃõãöÑó ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö Ýóåõæó ÑóÓõæáñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó äóÈöíøñ ÛóíúÑõ ÑóÓõæáò.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇáäøóÈöíøõ æóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ÚóÇãøò æóåõæó ÇáäøóÈóÃõ¡ æóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ÝõáóÇäñ ÑóÓõæáñ. ÊóÖóãøóäó Ãóäøóåõ äóÈöíøñ ÑóÓõæáñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ÝõáóÇäñ äóÈöíøñ. áóãú íóÓúÊóáúÒöãú Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÓõæáñ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: ßõáøõ ÑóÓõæáò äóÈöíøñ. ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: åõæó ßóáóÇãñ íõØúáöÞõåõ ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÍúÞöíÞó ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúãõßúÑóãöíäó ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÑõÓõáñ áóÇ ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ. ÞõáúÊõ: æóáöÐóÇ ÞóíøóÏó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøö.
æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõãö ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÚöäúÏó Çáäøóæúãö¡ ÅöÐú ÑóÏøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÈúÏóÇáóåõ áóÝúÙó " ÇáäøóÈöíøö " ÈöÜ " ÇáÑøóÓõæáö "¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: (áóÇ¡ æóäóÈöíøößó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáúÊó) íóãúäóÚõ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÛúíöíÑö " ÇáäøóÈöíøö " ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ Èóáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Èöåö áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãóãúäõæÚñ ÈöÃóäøó ÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ Èóáú ÊóÌöÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉõ Úóáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ¡ ÅöÐú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÎóÇÕøöíøóÉñ æóÓöÑøñ áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóæú áóÚóáøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÕúÝóíúäö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò æóÇÍöÏò.
æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ Ýóåõæó ÅöÐóäú Ãóßúãóáõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð¡ æóÐóáößó íóÝõæÊõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (æóÈöÑóÓõæáößó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáúÊó) . æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉõ ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉñ áöÐóáößó áöÚóÏóãö ÊóßúÑöíÑö ÇááøóÝúÙö áöæóÕúÝò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöíåö. ÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Ãóæú áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ; áöÃóäøó (ÈöÑóÓõæáößó) íõÏúÎöáõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó.
[ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó Çáúæóåúäö Ãóæú Úóäú ÑóÌõáóíúäö]
(678) Ëõãøó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö ÈöÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóåú ... ÈóíóÇäõåõ ßóäóæúÚö æóåúäò ÎóÇãóÑóåú
(679) æóÇáúãóÊúäõ Úóäú ÔóÎúÕóíúäö æóÇÍöÏñ ÌõÑöÍú ... áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáúÍóÐúÝõ áóåõ áóßöäú íóÕöÍú
(680) æóãõÓúáöãñ Úóäúåõ ßóäóì Ýóáóãú íõæóÝú ... æóÇáúÍóÐúÝõ ÍóíúËõ æõËøöÞóÇ Ýóåúæó ÃóÎóÝú(3/205)
(
681 -) æóÅöäú íóßõäú Úóäú ßõáøö ÑóÇæò ÞöØúÚóåú
ÃóÌöÒú ÈöáóÇ ãóíúÒò ÈöÎóáúØò ÌóãúÚóåú ... (682) ãóÚó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ßóÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÝúßö
æóÌóÑúÍõ ÈóÚúÖò ãõÞúÊóÖò áöáÊøóÑúßö ... (683) æóÍóÐúÝó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö
Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö ÇãúäóÚú áöáöÇÒúÏöíóÇÏö
[ÈóíóÇäõ ÈóÚúÖö Çáúæóåúäö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö] : ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó æóÝöíåö ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: (ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó Çáúæóåúäö Ãóæú) ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÞõÑöäóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ (Úóäú ÑóÌõáóíúäö) ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ (Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÍúÖóÇÑö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö (Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö) ãöäú ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö (ÈöÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóåú) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉö¡ (ÈóíóÇäõåõ) Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ãõÐóÇßóÑóÉð. æóÐóáößó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÇáúæõÌõæÈó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÈöÏõæäö ÈóíóÇäò ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ãõÊóÞóÏøöãöí ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ Èóáú íõÞóÇáõ ãöãøóÇ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÂÎöÑó ÑóÇÈöÚö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö: Åöäøó ãóÇ íõæÑöÏõåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) Úóäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÈöÕöíÛóÉö: ÞóÇáó áöí. Ãóæú: ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ. Ãóæú: ÒóÇÏóäóÇ. Ãóæú: ÒóÇÏóäöí. Ãóæú: ÐóßóÑó áóäóÇ. Ãóæú: ÐóßóÑó áöí. æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ Íóãóáóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉö.
(ßóäóæúÚö æóåúäò ÎóÇãóÑóåõ) Ãóíú ÎóÇáóØóåõ¡ ÈöÃóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÃóÕúáò¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó åõæó Ãóæú ÔóíúÎõåõ íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Ãóæú íóäúÚõÓõ Ãóæú íóäúÓóÎõ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ Ãóæú ÓóãóÇÚõ ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö áóÍøóÇäò Ãóæú ãõÕóÍøöÝò¡ Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóßöäö ÇáúãóÑúÁõ ÐóÇßöÑðÇ áöÓóãóÇÚö äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÎóØøö ãóäú Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí (Óõäóäöåö) Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ: áóãú ÃóÝúåóãú ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ. æóßóÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÈõäúÏóÇÑò ÍóÏöíËðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: ÎóÝöíó Úóáóíøó ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõ. áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ áöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö Ýöí Çáúæóåúäö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúÍöÝúÙõ ÎóæøóÇäñ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÓóÇåõáõ¡(3/206)
Èóáú ÃóÏúÑóÌóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÝöíãóÇ Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõ Çáúæóåúäö.
æóáöÐóÇ ãóäóÚó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö Úóäúåõãú ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÇ íóÍúÝóÙõæäóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåöãú. æóÝöí ÅöÛúÝóÇáö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÅöíåóÇãñ æóÅöáúÈóÇÓñ íóÞúÑõÈõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ßóÐóáößó íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÈóíóÇäõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÏóáóÇáóÉñ áöãóÒöíÏö ÖóÈúØò æóÅöÊúÞóÇäò¡ ßóÊóßóÑøõÑö ÓóãóÇÚöåö áöáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò.
[áóÇ íõÍúÓöäõ ÍóÐúÝó ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ËöÞóÉò] :
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: (æóÇáúãóÊúäõ Úóäú ÔóÎúÕóíúäö) ãóÞúÑõæäóíúäö ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõãú Ãóæú ãöãøóäú ÝóæúÞóåõãú (æóÇÍöÏñ) ãöäúåõãóÇ (ÌõÑöÍú) ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ æõËøöÞó¡ ßóÍóÏöíËò áöÃóäóÓò íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ ãóËóáðÇ ËóÇÈöÊñ ÇáúÈõäóÇäöíøõ æóÃóÈóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóíøóÇÔò (áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ) áöáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö (ÇáúÍóÐúÝõ áóåõ) Ãóíú: áöáúãóÌúÑõæÍö æóåõæó ÃóÈóÇäñ¡ æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ËóÇÈöÊò¡ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÔóíúÁñ Úóäú ÃóÈóÇäò ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÍóãóáó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóæú ãóäú Ïõæäóåõ áóÝúÙó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
(áóßöäú íóÕöÍú) áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö -: ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö¡ æóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö äóÇÏöÑñ ÈóÚöíÏñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇÌö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÚóãøõÏõåõ. äóÚóãú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ãöËúáöåö ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö äóÍúæðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ.
Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÍóÑúÈö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó Þöíáó áóåõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ: ÃóÊõÌóæøöÒõ Ãóäú ÃõÓóãøöíó ËóÇÈöÊðÇ æóÃóÊúÑõßó ÃóÈóÇäðÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ áóÚóáøó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈóÇäò ÔóíúÆðÇ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ËóÇÈöÊò. æóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó åóßóÐóÇ ÝóÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃõÓóãøöíóåõãóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ãõÍúÊóãöáñ.
æóíóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ ÈöÓõáõæßö ãõÓúáöãò ãóÚó ÍöÑúÕöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó Ýöí ÇáäøößóÇÍö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö äõãóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡(3/207)
Úóäú ÍóíúæóÉó Èúäö ÔõÑóíúÍò¡ Úóäú ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó Èúäö ÔóÑöíßò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÍõÈõáøöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãóÊóÇÚñ¡ æóÎóíúÑõ ãóÊóÇÚöåóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉõ» ) . ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÍóíúæóÉó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÂÎóÑó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó Èöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÚöíÓóì ÇáúÈöÓúØóÇãöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡ Úóäú ÍóíúæóÉó æóÐóßóÑó ÂÎóÑó ÞóÇáóÇ: ËóäóÇ ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáõ. æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏöåö) Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúãõÞúÑöÆö¡ Úóäú ÍóíúæóÉó æóÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó ÞóÇáóÇ: ËóäóÇ ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáõ. ÅöÐö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÊóÔúÏöíÏö ãõÓúáöãò ÍóíúËõ ÍóÐóÝó ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáËøöÞóÉö Åöäú áóãú íóÊøóÍöÏú áóÝúÙõåõãóÇ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ÍóíúËõ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÔõÑóíúÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÈöÖõ ÇáúÚöáúãó» ) . æóáóãú íóÓõÞú áóÝúÙóåõ¡ Èóáú ÃóÍóÇáó Èöåö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóÊóÈóíøóäó ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó áöÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó.
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó æóåúÈò ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö. æóÓóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó æóÇáúãóÊúäó Ëõãøó ÚóÞøóÈóåõ ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇáó: æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÔõÑóíúÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÈöÐóáößó.
áóßöäú ÃóÝóÇÏó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÊúäö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö Ãóäøó ÍóÐúÝó ÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó ãöäó ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò áóÇ ãöäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ÔóíúÎóíúåö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóíõÝúÑöÏõ ÇÈúäó ÔõÑóíúÍò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ Èóáú áöÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Ýöíåö ÔóíúÎóÇäö ÂÎóÑóÇäö ÈöÓóäóÏò ÂÎóÑó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÚöáúãö) áóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÍúäõæäò: ËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò: ËóäóÇ ãóÇáößñ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú åöÔóÇãò(3/208)
ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö.
(æóãõÓúáöãñ) ÃóíúÖðÇ (Úóäúåõ) Ãóíú Úóäö ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍö ÑõÈøóãóÇ (ßóäóì) ÍóíúËõ íõÕóÑøöÍõ ÈöÇáËøöÞóÉö Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ: æóÂÎóÑõ. æóåõæó ãöäúåõ Þóáöíáñ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÂÎöÑö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÇáúÝöÊóäö æóÚöÏøóÉö ÃóãóÇßöäó¡ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÍóíúæóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÝöí (ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÔõÑóíúÍò æóÛóíúÑöåö. æóÇáúÛóíúÑõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ßõáøöåóÇ åõæó ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáØøöÈøö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ åõæó¡ áóßöäú ÝöíãóÇ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö.
æóÝöí ÇáúÚöÊúÞö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ãóÇáößò æóÇÈúäö ÝõáóÇäò ßöáóÇåõãóÇ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö. æóÇáúãõÈúåóãõ åõäóÇ åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÓóãúÚóÇäó. æóßóÐóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ (Ýóáóãú íõæóÝú) ãõÓúáöãñ æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóäú ÃóÔóÑúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ãöäú ÚõåúÏóÉö ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍö Åöäö ÇÎúÊóÕøó Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò¡ áóßöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó ÇáúÞóæöíøó ÈöÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÚóáöãóÇ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãóÇ æóáóæú ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚö ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇÆöÏóÊóÇäö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúÚóÇÑõ ÈöÖóÚúÝö ÇáúãõÈúåóãö æóßóæúäöåö áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØöåö¡ æóßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúÌõÍõ ÈöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö. æóÅöäú ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó áöÃóÌúáö ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóáóáúäóÇ Èöåö ÝóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãóÌúåõæáö áóÇ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ¡ ÅöÐú(3/209)
ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÐößúÑöåö æóÅöÓúÞóÇØõåõ ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóæøóáó Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö åõæó Èöåö ; ÝóáöãóÇÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúßöäóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöãóÍóáøò áöáúÃóãóÇäóÉö ÚöäúÏóåõ.
ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÒóÉó ÅöÓúÞóÇØöåö ÐößúÑóåõ æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Ýöí áóÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. íóÚúäöí ãöãøóäú íóÍúÑöÕõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ ßóãõÓúáöãò ÇáøóÐöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÕóäöíÚöåö Ýöíåö ÃóÚúáóì Ãóæú Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ Åöäú áóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÏú ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÇØó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÐößúÑö ÇáúßöäóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÊóæóÑøõÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Èöåö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÔóÇÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ Ýöí (ãóÏúÎóáöåö) Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí (ãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌöåö) ÊóÇÑóÉð íóÍúÐöÝõ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝó¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð íõäóÈøöåõ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó - Ýöíåö Ãóíú Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌö) - Úóäú ÑóÌõáò íóÑúæöíåö Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ æóÃóÍóÏõåõãú áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ; ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÊúÑõßó ÐößúÑóåõ æóÃóßúÊóÝöíó ÈöÇáËøöÞóÉö ÇáøóÐöí ÇáÖøóÚöíÝõ ãóÞúÑõæäñ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú ÃõäóÈøöåó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãóÍúßöíøñ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑóÊú ÕöÍøóÉõ ÍóÐúÝö ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍö ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÚóÏóãõ ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö ; áöãóÇ ÞóÏú íóäúÔóÃõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÊóÖúÚöíÝö ÇáúãóÊúäö æóÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö áöáúÞóÇÕöÑö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÑúæöÍö¡ æóÝöíåö ãöäó ÇáÖøöÑóÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì.
[Íõßúãõ ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáËøöÞóÊóíúäö] :
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ (ÇáúÍóÐúÝõ) áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö (ÍóíúËõ æõËøöÞóÇ) ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñóæóì Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÈóÔøóÇÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò æóÛóíúÑöåö ßöáóÇåõãóÇ¡ Úóäú ÍóÑúÈö Èúäö ÔóÏøóÇÏò ÍóÏöíËðÇ. æóÝóÓøóÑó ÇáúÛóíúÑó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íõÎúÑöÌú áóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ (Ýóåúæó ÃóÎóÝú) ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÊóØóÑøóÞó ãöËúáõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÃóæøóáðÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ßóæúäõ ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÝö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÝóãóÍúÐõæÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØö Ýöíåö ÃóÞóáøõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ËöÞóÉð ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó:(3/210)
ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ Ãóæú ÝõáóÇäñ. ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäóÇ ËöÞóÊóíúäö ÝóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Èöåö ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÏóÇÆöÑñ Èóíúäó ËöÞóÊóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑó ËöÞóÉò¡ æóåõæó äóÍúæõ ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÊöÑóíú ÎöáóÇÝóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞõÑøöÑó.
[ßóíúÝó íõÑúæóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõäúÊóåò Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãõáóÝøóÞðÇ] :
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãóÊúäö ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ (æóÅöäú íóßõäú) ãóÌúãõæÚõåõ ãöäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ãõáóÝøóÞðÇ ÈöÃóäú ßóÇäó (Úóäú ßõáøö ÑóÇæò) ãöäúåõãú (ÞöØúÚóåú) ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÜ (ÃóÌöÒú ÈöáóÇ ãóíúÒò) Ãóíú: ÊóãúíöíÒò áöãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ãöäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÈöÎóáúØö ÌóãúÚóåú) áóßöäú (ãóÚó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö) áöÐóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó Úóäú ßõáøö ÑóÇæò ÈóÚúÖóåõ. (ßóÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÝúßö) ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÚóáúÞóãóÉó Èúäó æóÞøóÇÕò ÇááøóíúËöíøö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõÊúÈóÉó¡ ßõáøõåõãú Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: æóßõáøõåõãú ÍóÏøóËóäöí ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåóÇ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæóÚóì ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò æöÃóËúÈóÊõåõ ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÕðÇ. æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÓöíóÇÞðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú æóÚóíúÊõ Úóäú ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóäöí Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÍóÏöíËöåö íõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ ÒóÚóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. æóÓóÇÞóåõ ÈöØõæáöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõ ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: æóßõáøñ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÈóÚúÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚúÊõ áóßó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËõæäöí.
æóáóãøóÇ Öóãøó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ åõæó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑóÉó¡ æóÚóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ßöáóÇåõãóÇ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáó: æóßõáøõ ÍóÏöíËö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÌóãöíÚðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ¡ æóßõáøñ ßóÇäó ËöÞóÉð¡ Ýóßõáøñ ÍóÏøóËó ÚóäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó. æóÐóßóÑóåõ.(3/211)
æóäóÍúæõ ÕóäöíÚö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóßóÇáóÉö ãöäó (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ËóäóÇ Çáúãóßøöíøõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ íóÒöíÏõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ áóãú íõÈóáøöÛúåõ ßõáøóåõ ÑóÌõáñ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò.
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌö) áóãú íõÈóáøöÛúåõ ßõáøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöÓúæóÑö Èúäö ãóÎúÑóãóÉó æóãóÑúæóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ íóÒöíÏõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÞóÇáó: ÎóÑóÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáÔøöÝóÇÁö) : æóÚóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ýöí ÕöÝóÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò.
æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóÇáÓøöíóÑö. æóÌóÇÒóÝó ÚóÕúÑöíøñ ãöãøóäú ßóËõÑóÊú ãóäóÇßöíÑõåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ÈóÔöíÚò ÔóäöíÚò íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí Óóáóßóåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÝöí (ÅöäúÌöíáö ãóÊøóì æóáõæÞóÇ æóãõÑúÞõÕó) íóÒöíÏõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚúÊõ Èóíúäó ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåöãú.
æóÍóÇÕöáõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ æóãóäú äóÍóÇ äóÍúæóåõ Ãóäøó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ãóÌúãõæÚöåöãú áóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÌúãõæÚóåõ Úóäú ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ãöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäúåõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóãøóíúäó.
äóÚóãú ÑõÈøóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ãóæú ßõáøöåöãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ØóÑöíÞö ÐóÇßó ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ Èóáú æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãöäó (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö) ÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö: æóÈóÚúÖõ ÍóÏöíËöåöãú íõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóæúÚóì áóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚõÑúæóÉõ.
ÝóÝóåöãó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö Ãóäøó ÚõÑúæóÉó ÍóÏøóËóåõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÍóÊøóì ÊóáóÝøóÞó ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ¡ æóÕóÇÑóÊú ÕõæÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóáóßöäøó åóÐöåö(3/212)
ÇááøóÝúÙóÉó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÕóÑöíÍóÉð Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ÊóÍúÊóãöáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÏøóËóåõ ÚõÑúæóÉõ Ãóæøóáó ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãöãøóÇ ÒóÇÏóåóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó ßóæúäõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáÊøóáúÝöíÞó¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãöãøóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ: Åöäøóåõãõ ÇäúÊóÞóÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÕóäöíÚóåõ áóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó íóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ Ãóäú íõÝúÑöÏó ÍóÏöíËó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöíåö Óóåúáñ¡ ÝóÇáúßõáøõ ËöÞóÇÊñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÕóÍöíÍðÇ.
(æóÌóÑúÍõ ÈóÚúÖò) ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÖóÚúÝõåõ Ãóäú áóæö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö (ãõÞúÊóÖò áöáÊøóÑúßö) áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÞöØúÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöáøóÇ æóÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Úóäú ÐóÇßó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáúãóÌúÑõæÍö.
(æó) áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö æõÌõæÈðÇ (ÍóÐúÝó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö¡ ãóÝúÚõæáñ ãõÞóÏøóãñ¡ (æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú) ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÇáúãõÌúÊóãöÚöíäó Ýöí (ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö) Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (Ýöí) åóÇÊóíúäö (ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö) ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ßõáøöåöãú¡ æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ (ÇãúäóÚú áöáöÇÒúÏöíóÇÏö) Ãóíú: áöÃóÌúáö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö áöãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåöãú¡ Ãóæú ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó.
ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ: áóíúÓó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí " ÈóÇÈö ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó íóÚöíÔõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ " ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÞóÇÞö: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò. ÈöäóÍúæò ãöäú äöÕúÝö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ËóäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÐóÑøò.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ÌóãöíÚóåõ ãöäúåõ íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö Úóäúåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúæöÌóÇÏóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ Ãóæú Íóãóáóåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎò ÂÎóÑó ãöãøóäú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÐóÑøò ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ Ãóæú ÓóãöÚó ÈóÞöíøóÉó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÔóíúÎò ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóíúäö íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóÇáöíÞö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö(3/213)
ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøö ÈöåóÇ.
[ÂÏóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö]
[æõÌõæÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÊóÕúÍöíÍöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö]
ÂÏóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö.
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(685) Ëõãøó ÊóæóÖøóÃú æóÇÛúÊóÓöáú æóÇÓúÊóÚúãöáö ... ØöíÈðÇ æóÊóÓúÑöíÍðÇ æóÒóÈúÑó ÇáúãõÚúÊóáöí
(686) ÕóæúÊðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇÌúáöÓú ÈöÃóÏóÈú ... æóåóíúÈóÉò ÈöÕóÏúÑö ãóÌúáöÓò æóåóÈú
(687) áóãú íõÎúáöÕö ÇáäøöíøóÉó ØóÇáöÈñ ÝóÚõãú ... æóáóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËú ÚóÌöáðÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú ÊóÞõãú
(688) Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö Ëõãøó ÍóíúËõ ÇÍúÊöíÌó áóßú ... Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÇÑúæöåú æóÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò Óóáóßú
(689) ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ áöáúÎóãúÓöíäóÇ ... ÚóÇãðÇ æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó áöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäóÇ
(690) æóÑõÏøó æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÚö ... ÎóÕøóÕó áóÇ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöí
(691) æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßõ ÅöÐú íóÎúÔóì ÇáúåóÑóãú ... æóÈöÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò ÌóÒóãú
(692) ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú ËóÇÈöÊó ÚóÞúáò áóãú íõÈóáú ... ßóÃóäóÓò æóãóÇáößò æóãóäú ÝóÚóáú
(693) æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö æóÇáúåõÌóíúãöí æóÝöÆóåú ... ßóÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÍóÏøóËõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãöÇÆóåú
(694) æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÅöãúÓóÇßõ ÇáóÇÚúãóì Åöäú íóÎóÝú ... æóÃóäøó ãóäú Óöíáó ÈöÌõÒúÁò ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝú
(695) ÑõÌúÍóÇäó ÑóÇæò Ýöíåö Ïóáøó Ýóåúæó ÍóÞú ... æóÊóÑúßõ ÊóÍúÏöíËò ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÞú
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(697) æóáóÇ ÊóÞõãú áöÃóÍóÏò æóÃóÞúÈöáö ... Úóáóíúåöãö æóáöáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóÊøöáö
(698) æóÇÍúãóÏú æóÕóáøö ãöÚú ÓóáóÇãò ... æóÏõÚóÇ Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö ãóÌúáöÓò æóÎóÊúãöåö ãóÚóÇ
(ÂÏóÇÈõ) ÇáÔøóíúÎö (ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö) ÚöäúÏó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóãóÚó ÇáØøóÇáöÈö æóÝöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö¡(3/214)
æóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú.
æóÞõÏøöãóÊú Úóáóì ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóáúíóÞõ ÊóÞúÏöíãóåóÇ ; ÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäöåóÇ ÃóÔúÑóÝó¡ Ãóæú áöãõäóÇÓóÈóÊöåóÇ áöÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÍóÇÝöáðÇ áöÂÏóÇÈö ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚó áöÂÏóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÃóÎúáóÇÞö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö) ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ áöÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö (ÃóÏóÈõ ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöãúáóÇÁö) .
[æõÌõæÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÊóÕúÍöíÍöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö] :
(æóÕóÍøöÍö) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑöíÏõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó (ÇáäøöíøóÉó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö) æóÞóÏøöãúåóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÍóíúËõ Êóßõæäõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõÎúáöÕðÇ áöáøóåö áóÇ íóÔõæÈõßó Ýöíåö ÛóÑóÖñ Ïõäúíóæöíøñ¡ Èóáú ØóÇåöÑó ÇáúÞóáúÈö ãöäú ÃóÚúÑóÇÖöåóÇ æóÃóÏúäóÇÓöåóÇ¡ ÈóÚöíÏðÇ Úóäú ÍõÈøö ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö æóÑõÚõæäóÇÊöåóÇ æóÏóÓóÇÆöÓöåóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÚõÌúÈö æóÇáØøóíúÔö æóÇáúÍõãúÞö æóÇáÏøóÚúæóì ÈöÍóÞøò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÈóÇØöáò¡ áóÇ ÊõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íóÍúãóÏóßó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõ Èöåö ãóÚúäðì Óöæóì ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö Åöáóì Çááøóåö.
æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÝóãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÃúãóäõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó áóßó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì Íöíäó Þóæúáößó: (ÊóÚóáøóãúÊõ Ýöíßó ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÚóáøóãúÊõåõ¡ æóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó) -: (ßóÐóÈúÊó¡ æóáóßöäú áöíõÞóÇáó: ÞóÇÑöÆñ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó) . Ëõãøó íõÄúãóÑõ Èöãóäú íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó ÝóíõÓúÍóÈõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ÍóÊøóì íõáúÞóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÇáöÕðÇ áóåõ.
æóÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ãóäú «ÓóãøóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÚöáúãöåö ÓóãøóÚó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÓóÇãöÚó ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóÕóÛøóÑóåõ æóÍóÞøóÑóåõ» ) . æó ( «ÑõÈøó ÞóÇÆöãò¡ Ãóæú ÕóÇÆöãò¡ ÍóÙøõåõ ãöäú ÞöíóÇãöåö¡ Ãóæú ÕöíóÇãöåö¡ ÇáÓøóåóÑõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÌõæÚõ æóÇáúÚóØóÔõ» ) äóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó ÇáúÚóÝúæó æóÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó.(3/215)
æóãöäú åõäóÇ æóÞóÝó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó äöíøóÉò ÕóÍöíÍóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó ÍóÈöíÈõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËó: ÍóÊøóì ÊóÌöíÁó ÇáäøöíøóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö ÓóáøóÇãõ Èúäõ Óõáóíúãò áöãóäú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: áóíúÓóÊú áöí äöíøóÉñ. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøóßó ÊõÄúÌóÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
íõãóäøõæäóäöí ÇáúÎóíúÑó ÇáúßóËöíÑó æóáóíúÊóäöí ... äóÌóæúÊõ ßóÝóÇÝðÇ áóÇ Úóáóíøó æóáóÇ áöíóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ßõáúËõæãõ Èúäõ åóÇäöÆò - æóÞóÏú Þöíáó áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ Óóåúáò ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ -: Åöäøó ÞóáúÈöí áóÇ ÎóíúÑó Ýöíåö¡ ãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó æóäóÓöíó. åóÐóÇ æóåõæó áóæú ÔóÇÁó ÝóÚóáó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÓøóíúÈóÇäöíøõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÃóÔúÝóÞó ãöäó ÇáÒøóåúæö æóÇáúÚõÌúÈö Íöíäó äóÕøóÈõæåõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò: ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåó¡ Åöäøó áöÐößúÑö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÎõíóáóÇÁó.
æóÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÊóÞúíöíÏõ ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ Èöåö¡ áößóæúäöåö ÞóÏú íóÊóÓóÇåóáõ Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóæú íóÛúÝõáõ Úóäúåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úöáúãñ ÔóÑöíÝñ íõäóÇÓöÈõ ãóßóÇÑöãó ÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞö æóãóÍóÇÓöäó ÇáÔøöíóãö¡ æóíõäóÇÝöÑõ ãóÓóÇæöÆó ÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞö æóãóÔóÇÆöäó ÇáÔøöíóãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÇáäøöíøóÉõ ÊóÚöÒøõ Ýöíåö áöÔóÑóÝöåö.
æóíóÓúÊóÝöÒøó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ÇááøóÚöíäõ ÈöåóÏóÝöåö¡ æóãóäú ÍõÑöãóåõ ÝóÞóÏú ÍõÑöãó ÎóíúÑðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóãóäú ÑõÒöÞóåõ ÈöÔóÑúØöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÇÒó ÝóæúÒðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóäóÇáó ÃóÌúÑðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú Úõáõæãö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóÇ ãöäú Úõáõæãö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ áöÐóÇÊöåö áóÇ ÕöäóÇÚóÉñ.
æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöíåö Þóæúáõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö: áóíúÓó ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÚõÏøóÉö ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÚöáøóÉñ íóÊóÔóÇÛóáõ Èöåö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ. ÅöÐú ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: ÔóíúÁñ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÇÓúãñ ÚõÑúÝöíøñ áöÃõãõæÑò ÒóÇÆöÏóÉò Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÇåöíøóÉö(3/216)
ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÑóÇÞò Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ ÃõãõæÑñ íóÔúÛóÝõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ¡ ãöäú ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáäøõÓóÎö ÇáúãóáöíÍóÉö¡ æóÊóØóáøõÈö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇáöí¡ æóÊóßúËöíÑö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑóÍö ÈöÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö¡ æóÊóãóäøöí ÇáúÚõãõÑö ÇáØøóæöíáö áöíóÑúæöíó¡ æóÍõÈøö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÏö¡ Åöáóì ÃõãõæÑò ÚóÏöíÏóÉò áóÇÒöãóÉò áöáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö ÇáäøóÝúÓóÇäöíøóÉö áóÇ áöáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÈøóÇäöíøóÉö.
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ØóáóÈõßó áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö ãóÍúÝõæÝðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂÝóÇÊö¡ ÝóãóÊóì ÎóáóÇÕõßó ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¿ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úöáúãõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ãóÏúÎõæáðÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßó ÈöÚõáõæãö ÇáúÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúßõËõ ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäó æóÊõæÑöËõ ÇáÔøõßõæßó¿ æóáóãú Êóßõäú - æóÇááøóåö - Ýöí ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäóÊú Úõáõæãõåõãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÇáúÝöÞúåó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäúåõãõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãú: áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÚóãóáðÇ ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó. ÝóíõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÕó ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóæóÇÆöÈö ßóãóÇ åõæó ÕóÑöíÍõåõ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóØóæøõÚö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÃóäøóåõ ÝóÑúÖñ Úóáóì ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö.
[ÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì äóÔúÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö] :
(æóÇÍúÑöÕú) ãóÚó ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøöíøóÉö (Úóáóì äóÔúÑößó áöáúÍóÏöíËö) ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóßúÈóÑó åóãøößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö Úóäúåõ: ( «ÈóáøöÛõæÇ(3/217)
Úóäøöí æóáóæú ÂíóÉð» ) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóáóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáúÃõÌõæÑö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí ÏóÚúæóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ( «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÝóæóÚóÇåóÇ æóÃóÏøóÇåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåóÇ» ) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáöÃóäøóåõ ßóãóÇ íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúÝõæÚò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö æóÇáúÎóØöíÈö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. ( «ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÚóáøóãõ ÚöáúãðÇ Ëõãøó áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö ßóãóËóáö ãóäú ÑóÒóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇáðÇ ÝóßóäóÒóåõ æóáóãú íõäúÝöÞú ãöäúåõ» ) . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «Úöáúãñ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Èöåö ßóßóäúÒò áóÇ íõäúÝóÞõ ãöäúåõ» ) .
æóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó íõÓúÃóáõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö - íóÚúäöí Úóäú ÊóÈúáöíÛöåöãú - ßóãóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ. æóÑõÆöíó íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Èößó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÛóÝóÑó áöí. Þöíáó: ÈöÃóíö ÔóíúÁò¿ ÞóÇáó: ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí äóÔóÑúÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚõÑúæóÉõ íóÊóÃóáøóÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáÕøóÇãöÊõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåöãú íóØõæÝõ Úóáóì ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáúãóßóÇÊöÈö ÝóíõÍóÏøöËõåõãú¡ Èóáú ÑóÍóáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏöåöãú Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏò ÃõÎúÑóì áöÐóáößó¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ(3/218)
Úóáöíøò ÍóäúÈóáñ ÇáÑøõÕóÇÝöíøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÇÝóÑó ãöäú ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÎöÏúãóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåö Ýöí ÈóáóÏò áóÇ ÊõÑúæóì Ýöíåö¡ æóÍóÏøóËó ÈöÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó) ¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈöãóÌúáöÓöåö áöåóÐöåö ÇáäøöíøóÉö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö ãóÇ áóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚú Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓò ÞóÈúáóåõ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøõ - æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö Úóáóì äöåóÇíóÉò - íóÓúÃóáõ ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõåõ Úóäú ãóÏöíäóÉò ÈóÚúÏó ãóÏöíäóÉò: åóáú ÈóÞöíó ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËõ¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó Îõáõæó ÈóáóÏò Úóäú ãõÍóÏøöËò ÎóÑóÌó ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøöÑøö áöÑóÛúÈóÊöåö Ýöí ÈóÐúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÍóÏøóËóåõãú Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó. ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÊöåö ãöäú ÊóÃúÑöíÎöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÇ íõÞúÕóÏõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÔóíúÆóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßõáøóãóÇ ÊóßóÑøóÑó ÐößúÑõåõ¡ æóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇááøóÝúÙö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö æóÇáäøóÝúÚö áöáúÛóíúÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö - æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊõßúËöÑó ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåõ -: áóÚóáøó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ äóÌóÇÊöí áóãú ÃóÓúãóÚúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö.
ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÞúÊõÕöÑó Úóáóì åóÐóíúäó áóãøóÇ Þóáøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌõ Åöáóì Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áöÊóÏúæöíäö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáúÚõÙúãóì ÍöÝúÙõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáúãõØóåøóÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöåóÇ.
æóãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÝóæóÇÆöÏöåö ÇáúÂäó ÔóíúÆðÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÖóÈúØõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÊóßúÑóÇÑö ÓóãóÇÚöåóÇ¡ ÅöÐú áóæú ÊõÑößó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ áóÈóÚõÏó ÇáúÚóåúÏõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÊóØóÑøóÞó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝõ áóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóì Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÌóãö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ßöÈóÇÑö(3/219)
ãõáõæßöåöãú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõÞúÑóÃó ÚöäúÏóåõ (ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏú Ýöí ãóãúáóßóÊöåö ãóäú íõÍúÓöäõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãöÕúÑö Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö¡ æóÕóÇÑó íóÞóÚõ ãöäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇááøõÛóÇÊö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕóì.
ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ: ÍöÝúÙõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú ÃóÚúÏóÇÆöåóÇ ÇáúãõÏúÎöáöíäó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÞúÊóÍóãó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóãúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóäóÓóÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ íóäúÈõæ ÇáÓøóãúÚõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÍóÝöÙó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉó ÈöäõÞøóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇÖúãóÍóáøó ÇáÏøöíäõ æóÊóåóÏøóãóÊú ÃóÑúßóÇäõåõ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÈóÞóÇíóÇ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóæóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö áößóáóÇãöåö ãóÇ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚóÇáöãñ.
æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ áöÞóæúáö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö: ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõãõæåõ ÝóÊóÍóÝøóÙõæåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÝöÙúÊõãõæåõ ÝóÇÚúãóáõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóãöáúÊõãú Èöåö ÝóÇäúÔõÑõæåõ. Èóáú íõÑúæóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãóÑúÝõæÚñ ( «ãöäó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Ãóäú íóÊóÚóáøóãó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÝóíóÚúãóáó Èöåö Ëõãøó íõÚóáøóãóåõ» ) .
[ÇáÊøóæóÖöí æóÇáúÛóÓúáõ æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö] :
(Ëõãøó) ÚöäúÏó ÅöÑóÇÏóÊößó äóÔúÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇáäøöíøóÉö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì (ÊóæóÖøóÃú) æõÖõæÁóßó áöáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ (æóÇÛúÊóÓöáú) ÇÛúÊöÓóÇáóßó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö ÈöÍóíúËõ Êóßõæäõ Úóáóì ØóåóÇÑóÉò ßóÇãöáóÉò¡ æóÊóÓóæøóßú¡ æóÞõÕøó ÃóÙúÝóÇÑößó¡ æóÎõÐú ÔóÇÑöÈóßó¡ (æóÇÓúÊóÚúãöáú) ãóÚó Ðóáößó (ØöíÈðÇ) æóÈóÎõæÑðÇ Ýöí ÈóÏóäößó æóËöíóÇÈößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓñ: ( «ßõäøóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎõÑõæÌó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÑöíÍö ÇáØøöíÈö» ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: ( «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúÊóÌúãöÑú ÈöÇáúÃóáõæøóÉö ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõØóÑøóÇÉö æóßóÇÝõæÑò íóØúÑóÍõåõ ãóÚóåóÇ» ) .
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãöáú ãóÚóåõ (ÊóÓúÑöíÍðÇ) áöáöÍúíóÊößó æóÊóãúÔöíØðÇ áöÔóÚúÑößó Åöäú ßóÇäó¡ ÈöÃóäú ÊõÑúÓöáóåõ æóÊóÍõáøóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãóÔúØö ; áöãóÇ(3/220)
Ýöí ÇáÔøóãóÇÆöáö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íõßúËöÑõ Ïóåúäó ÑóÃúÓöåö æóÊóÓúÑöíÍó áöÍúíóÊöåö.
æóÇáúÈöÓú ÃóÍúÓóäó ËöíóÇÈößó¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõåóÇ ÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÊóÌóãøóáõ Èöåö ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÒøöíäóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøóÉö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ íõÍöÈøóÇäö ÇáúÌóãóÇáó.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãöáú Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÊóÍúÏöíËößó (ÒóÈúÑó) Ãóíú: äóåúÑó (ÇáúãõÚúÊóáöí ÕóæúÊðÇ) Ãóíú: ÕóæúÊóåõ (Úóáóì) ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö (ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ¡ æóÇáúÅöÛúáóÇÙó áóåõ¡ áöÔõãõæáö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊö ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ðóáößó.
ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ãóÇáößñ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóäú ÑóÝóÚó ÕóæúÊóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÍóÏöíËöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóßóÃóäøóãóÇ ÑóÝóÚó ÕóæúÊóåõ ÝóæúÞó ÕóæúÊö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(æóÇÌúáöÓú) ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ÈöãóÞúÚóÏóÊößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóÇ ãõÞúÚöíðÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ¡ (ÈöÃóÏóÈú) æóæóÞóÇÑò (æóåóíúÈóÉò ÈöÕóÏúÑö ãóÌúáöÓò) íóßõæäõ ÇáúÞóæúãõ Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú æóÚóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔò ãõÑúÊóÝöÚò íóÎõÕøõßó Ãóæú ãöäúÈóÑò¡ áöãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäú ãõØóÑøöÝò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóæúÇ ãóÇáößðÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÎóÑóÌóÊú Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉõ ÝóÊóÞõæáõ áóåõãú: íóÞõæáõ áóßõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: ÊõÑöíÏõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ãóæö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáó¿ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáó. ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÏóÎóáó ãõÛúÊóÓóáóåõ ÝóÇÛúÊóÓóáó æóÊóØóíøóÈó æóáóÈöÓó ËöíóÇÈðÇ ÌõÏõÏðÇ æóÊóÚóãøóãó æóáóÈöÓó ÓóÇÌóåõ¡ æóÊõáúÞóì áóåõ ãöäóÕøóÉñ ÝóíóÎúÑõÌõ ÝóíóÌúáöÓõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáúÎõÔõæÚõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ íõÈóÎøóÑõ ÈöÇáúÚõæÏö ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÑõÛó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÌúáöÓõ Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúãöäóÕøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃõæóíúÓò: ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃõÚóÙøöãó ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ØóåóÇÑóÉò ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ) . æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö.
æóßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäò íóÎúÑõÌõ Åöáóì ãóÌúáöÓö ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö æóåõæó ØóíøöÈõ ÇáÑøöíÍö ÍóÓóäõ ÇáËøöíóÇÈö¡(3/221)
ÝóáóÞøóÈóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó áöÐóáößó ãõÔúßõÏóÇäóÉó¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúãõÔúßõ¡ ÈöÖóãö Çáúãöíãö¡ æóÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö¡ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö ÇáúãöÓúßõ¡ ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö æóÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ æöÚóÇÁõ ÇáúãöÓúßö ÊóÌóæøõÒñ¡ æóÏóÇäóÉõ ÇáúÍóÈøóÉõ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÍóÈøóÉõ ãöÓúßò¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö.
æóßóÑöåó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóãóÇáößñ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ØóåóÇÑóÉò¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ íóÊóíóãøóãõ¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúãóÍúßöíøóÉó Úóäú ãóÇáößò áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäú ÕóÍøóÊú äöíøóÊõåõ Ýöí ÎõáõæÕö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áöáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ áöÃóäøó áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÏóÓóÇÆöÓó Ýöí ãóËóáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó Ãóäøó äöíøóÊóßó ÝöíåóÇ ßóäöíøóÉò ãóÇáößò ÝóÇÝúÚóáúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóØøóáöÚõ Úóáóì äöíøóÊößó ÛóíúÑõ Çááøóåö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÚóÐúÈóÉö) : Åöäú ÝóÚóáóåóÇ ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÃõÌöÑó¡ Ãóæú áöáÊøóãóÔúíõÎö æóÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö ÍõÑöãó. æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÍõÑúãóÊóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÊóÚúÙöíãóåõ æóÊóæúÞöíÑóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑöåö æóÐößúÑö ÍóÏöíËöåö æóÓóãóÇÚö ÇÓúãöåö æóÓöíÑóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãõÚóÇãóáóÉõ Âáöåö æóÚöÊúÑóÊöåö æóÊóÚúÙöíãõ Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö æóÕóÍóÇÈóÊöåö áóÇÒöãñ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÖõ áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÖóÑõæÑóÉñ áóÇ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãóÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌõáõæÓö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó äóÇÆöãñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÝõÑóÇæöíøö ÝóãóÑöÖó¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈöíÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ãóÑóÖöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íõæóÇÝöÞúåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö æóåõæó ãõáúÞðì Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö Åöáóì Ãóäú ÚõæÝöíó.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ æóåõæó ãõÊøóßöÆñ áóÏóãóÇãöáó Ãóæú äóÍúæöåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ãóÞúÚóÏóÊöåö Úóáóì ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö Èúäö ÇáúÈóØöÑö¡(3/222)
æóÛóÖöÈó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ áöÚóÏóãö Úöáúãöåö ÈöÇáúÚõÐúÑö.
[ÊóÚúãöíãõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö áößõáö ØóÇáöÈö ÍóÏöíË] æóÓóæøö Èóíúäó ãóäú ÞóÕóÏóßó áöáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ (æóåóÈú áóãú íõÎúáöÕö ÇáäøöíøóÉó) ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó (ØóÇáöÈñ ÝóÜ) áóÇ ÊóãúäóÚú ãöäú ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö¡ Èóáú (Úõãú) ÌóãöíÚó ãóäú ÓóÃóáóßó Ãóæú ÍóÖóÑó ãóÌúáöÓóßó¡ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÃóåøõáõ æóÞúÊó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúØò.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÚúÝöíøõ: ßõäúÊõ ÇãúÊóäóÚúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÍóÏøöËó ÝóÃóÊóÇäöí ÂÊò Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ áóßó áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËõ¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøóåõãú áóíúÓõæÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó Èöåö Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøöËú ÃóäúÊó¡ íõäúÝóÚú ãóäú äõÝöÚó¡ æóíõÖóÑøó ãóäú ÖõÑøó.
æóÝöí (ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÞóÇáó: ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÕöÛóÇÑðÇ ÊóäúÊóÝöÚõæÇ Èöåö ßöÈóÇÑðÇ¡ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö íóÕöíÑõ áöÐóÇÊö Çááøóåö. æóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö íóãóÇäò ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøó íóÚöíÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÞóØøõ æóáóÇ ãóäú íóØúáõÈõåõ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áóíúÓóÊú áóåõãú äöíøóÉñ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ØóáóÈõåõãú áöáúÚöáúãö äöíøóÉñ.
æóÚóäú ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò æóãóÚúãóÑò ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ: ØóáóÈúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóãóÇ áóäóÇ Ýöíåö äöíøóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÒóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáäøöíøóÉó ÈóÚúÏõ. æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áóíóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóíóÃúÈóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó áöáøóåö.
æóÌóÇÁó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì ÓöãóÇßò íóØúáõÈõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÌõáóÓóÇÄõåõ: ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áóßó(3/223)
Ãóäú ÊõÍóÏøöËóåõãú áöÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ ÑóÛúÈóÉó áóåõãú æóáóÇ äöíøóÉó. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÓöãóÇßñ: (ÞõæáõæÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ØóáóÈúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑó æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåó Èöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛúÊõ ãöäúåõ ÍóÇÌóÊöí Ïóáøóäöí Úóáóì ãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõäöí æóÍóÌóÒóäöí ÚóãøóÇ íóÖõÑøõäöí) .
æóáöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÞóÇáóÇ: (ØóáóÈúäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóÌóÑøóäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö) .
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÞóÇáó: ØóáóÈúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ÝóÃóÚúÞóÈóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ØóáóÈúäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóÏóáøóäóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ: ãóÇÊó æóÇáöÏöí æóÎóáøóÝó áöí æóáöÃóÎöí ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÓöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóãúÇ Ýóäöíó æóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÇáúÞõæÊõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÕöÑúäóÇ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÏøõÑõæÓö ãõÙúåöÑöíäó áöØóáóÈö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Óöæóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÞõæÊö¡ æóßóÇäó ÊóÚóáøõãõäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöÐóáößó áóÇ áöáøóåö¡ ÝóÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö. Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÇáúÅöÍúíóÇÁö) : åóÐöåö ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ÇÛúÊóÑøó ÈöåóÇ Þóæúãñ Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõãö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö Ëõãøó ÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ åõæó Úöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÓöíóÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝó æóÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑó¡ æóåõæó ÓóÈóÈñ áöÅöËóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÎóæúÝö ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íõÄóËøöÑú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö ÃóËøóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãóÂáö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ æóÇáúÝöÞúåõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö æóÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ ãöäúåõ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÇáÑøóÇÛöÈó Ýöíåö áöáÏøõäúíóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ãõÊóãóÇÏöíðÇ Ýöí ÍöÑúÕöåö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÚõãõÑöåö.(3/224)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó: ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó: Åöäøó ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÃóÈóì æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýóáóãú íóäúßóÔöÝú áóäóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áóäóÇ ÍóÏöíËõåõ æóÃóáúÝóÇÙõåõ. æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúæóÑöÚöíäó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ: ÃóáøóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ ÊõÄúÌóÑú¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì Ãóíö ÔóíúÁò ÃõÄúÌóÑõ¿ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÊóÊóÝóßøóåõæäó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÌóÇáöÓö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ Íõßöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóËøóÇãò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóÇ íõÄúÊóæúäó ãöäú Íöáúãò¡ íóÌöíÁõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÝóíóÓúÃóáõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÛóáöØó¡ æóíóÌöíÁõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõ Ëõãøó íõÕóÍøöÝõ¡ æóíóÌöíÁõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõ áöíõãóÇÑöíó ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ¡ æóíóÌöíÁõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÝóíóÃúÎõÐõ áöíõÈóÇåöíó Èöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóáóíøó Ãóäú ÃõÚóáøöãó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ íóÌöíÆõäöí ÝóíóåúÊóãøõ áöÃóãúÑö Ïöíäöåö¡ ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò áóÇ íóÓóÚõäöí Ãóäú ÃóãúäóÚóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõ Ýöí " ãóÊóì íóÕöÍøõ ÊóÍóãøõáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÊóæóÞøõÝö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæóÑöÚöíäó.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÝóÕøóáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí (ÃóÏóÈö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáÏøöíäö) áóåõ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÇÚöËõ áöáØøóáóÈö ÏöíäöíøðÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÅöÓúÚóÇÝõåõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ; ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ¡ ßóÑóÌõáò ÏóÚóÇåõ ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Åöáóì ÍõÈøö ÇáäøóÈóÇåóÉö æóØóáóÈö ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó íóÚúØöÝõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíäö Ýöí ËóÇäöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÏøóÇÚöí ãóÍúÙõæÑðÇ¡ ßóÑóÌõáò ÏóÚóÇåõ ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Åöáóì ÔóÑøò ßóÇãöäò íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáóåõ Ýöí ÔõÈóåò ÏöíäöíøóÉò¡ æóÍöíóáò ÝöÞúåöíøóÉò áóÇ(3/225)
íóÌöÏõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäúåóÇ ãóÎúáóÕðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÚóäúåóÇ ãóÏúÝóÚðÇ¡ ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí áöáÔøóíúÎö Ãóäú íóãúäóÚóåõ ãöäú ØóáöÈóÊöåö¡ æóíóÕúÑöÝóåõ Úóäú ÈõÛúíóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚöíäõåõ Úóáóì ÅöãúÖóÇÁö ãóßúÑöåö æóÅöÚúãóÇáö ÔóÑøöåö¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö « (æóÇÖöÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáöåö ßóãõÞóáøöÏö ÇáúÎóäóÇÒöíÑö ÇááøõÄúáõÄó æóÇáúÌóæúåóÑó æóÇáÐøóåóÈó) » ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁö:
ÇÑúËö áöÑõæãöíøóÉò ÊóæóÓøóØóåóÇ ÎöäúÒöíÑõ ... æóÇÈúßö áöÚöáúãò ÍóæóÇåõ ÔöÑøöíÑõ
æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãöäú ÅöáúÞóÇÁö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöãóäú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõåõ¡ ÝóÍóßóì ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ãóäøó ÊöáúãöíÐðÇ ÓóÃóáó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Úóäú Úöáúãò Ýóáóãú íõÝöÏúåõ¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: áöãó ãóäóÚúÊóåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áößõáøö ÊõÑúÈóÉò ÛóÑúÓñ¡ æóáößõáøö ÈöäóÇÁò ÅöÓøñ. æóÚóäú æóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò ÞóÇáó: íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÚóÇáöãö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáØøóÈøóÇÎö ÇáúÍóÇÐöÞö¡ íóÚúãóáõ áößõáøö Þóæúãò ãóÇ íóÔúÊóåõæäó ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö.
æóÚóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÈõáóÛóÇÁö ÞóÇáó:
áößõáøö ËóæúÈò áóÇÈöÓõ ... æóáößõáøö Úöáúãò ÞóÇÈöÓõ
[áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ ÈöÏõæäö ÞóÑóÇÑò] :
(æóáóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËú ÚóÌöáðÇ) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÌöíãö¡ Ãóíú: ÍóÇáó ßóæúäößó ãõÓúÊóÚúÌöáðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáÓøõÑúÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáäøóÇÔöÆö ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúåóÐúÑóãóÉõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ (Ãóæú Ãóäú ÊóÞõãú) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÞöíóÇãößó.
(Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö) ãóÇÔöíðÇ ßõäúÊó Ãóæú ÌóÇáöÓðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãóÇáößñ íóßúÑóåõ Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÃóÊóÝóåøóãó ãóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. Èóáú Þöíáó áóåõ: áöãó áóãú ÊóßúÊõÈú Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóíúÊõåõ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóßúÊõÈõæäó(3/226)
Úóäúåõ ÞöíóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÌúáóáúÊõ ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõÈóåõ æóÃóäóÇ ÞóÇÆöãñ.
æóÇÊøóÝóÞó áóåõ ãóÚó ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: íõßúÑóåõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÊóíö ÇáúãóÔúíö æóÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÍóÊøóì íóÌúáöÓó ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ ãóÚðÇ æóíóÓúÊóæúØöäóÇ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÃóÍóÖóÑõ áöáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóÃóÌúãóÚõ áöáúÝóåúãö¡ æóáößõáøö ãóÞóÇãò ãóÞóÇáñ¡ æóáöáúÍóÏöíËö ãóæóÇÖöÚõ ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉñ ÔóÑöíÝóÉñ Ïõæäó ÇáØøõÑõÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáÏøóäöíøóÉö. ÞóÇáó: æóåóßóÐóÇ íõßúÑóåõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ ãõÖúØóÌöÚðÇ.
æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÍöíäó íóßõæäõ ãóÛúãõæãðÇ Ãóæú ãóÔúÛõæáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóáóæú ÍóÏøóËó ãõÍóÏøöËñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ßõáøöåóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóÃúËõæãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóãúÑðÇ ãóÍúÙõæÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÌóáøõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÞöÑóÇÁóÊõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ¡ ÝóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ãóæúáóì.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÈóÇáóÛó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÓóÇåöáöíäó ÝóßóÇäó íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÇÔöí ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö ÑóÇßöÈðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÞóÈöíÍñ ãöäúåõãóÇ.
[ÇáÓøöäøõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÕóÏøõÑö áöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö] :
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÍóÑøöíßó Ýöí ÊóÕúÍöíÍö ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÖóÇÑößó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÞóíøõÏö Ýöí ÇáØøóáóÈö ÈöÓöäøò ãóÎúÕõæÕò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÇáúÝóåúãõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÞóíøõÏó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÓöäøò¡ Èóáú (ÍóíúËõ ÇÍúÊöíÌó áóßó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò) æóÐóáößó íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö æóÇáúãóßóÇäö¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóßó Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏò ãóÔúåõæÑóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóßó¡ æóáóæú ßõäúÊó Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏò ãóåúÌõæÑóÉò ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóíúßó Ýöíåö ; ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò (ÇÑúæöåú) æõÌõæÈðÇ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ÝóÞóÇáó:(3/227)
ÝóÅöäö ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÚúáõæó Óöäøõåõ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó æóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚó ; áöÃóäøó äóÔúÑó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö áóÇÒöãñ¡ æóÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÚóÇÕò ÂËöãñ. æóÓóÇÞó ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ãóäú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú Úöáúãò äóÇÝöÚò ÝóßóÊóãóåõ ÌóÇÁó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ãõáúÌóãðÇ ÈöáöÌóÇãò ãöäú äóÇÑò» ) .
æóÍóÏöíËó: ( «ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÚóáøóãõ ÚöáúãðÇ Ëõãøó áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Èöåö» ) . æóÞóÏú ãóÖóì ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóÞóæúáó ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÈúÎóáõæäó æóíóÃúãõÑõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÇáúÈõÎúáö} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 37] . ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóíúÓó áöáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ.
æóÞóæúáó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ãóäú ÈóÎöáó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÇÈúÊõáöíó ÈöÅöÍúÏóì ËóáóÇËò ; ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóãõæÊó ÝóíóÐúåóÈó Úöáúãõåõ¡ Ãóæú íóäúÓóÇåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÊøóÈöÚó ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ. æóÞóæúáó ÑóÈöíÚóÉó: áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÃóÍóÏò íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäú íõÖóíøöÚó äóÝúÓóåõ. æóÚóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ Íóãóáó ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÚúÝöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö ßóÃóäøóåõ Ýöí ÑóæúÖóÉò ÎóÖúÑóÇÁó æóÝöíåóÇ ßóÑóÇÓöíøõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ¡ Úóáóì ßõÑúÓöíøò ãöäúåóÇ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉõ¡ æóÚóáóì ÂÎóÑó ÝõÖóíúáñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóßõÑúÓöíøñ ãöäúåóÇ áóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóåóæóíúÊõ äóÍúæóåõ ÝóãõäöÚúÊõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóÌúáöÓõ Åöáóíúåöãú. ÝóÞöíáó áöí: Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóÐóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊõæÏöÚõæÇ¡ æóÅöäøóßó ãóäóÚúÊóåõ. ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó íõÍóÏøöËõ.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí äóÞõæáõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÊóì ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÇÓúÊõÍöÈøó áóåõ ÇáÊøóÕóÏøöí áöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö æóäóÔúÑöåö Ýöí Ãóíøö Óöäøò ßóÇäó. ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäõ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕóÏøöí(3/228)
ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö. Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çáúæóáöíøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÞóÇáó: æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóÞõæáõåõ: Åöäøóåõ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÅöáøóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýóåõæó ÝóÑúÖõ ßöÝóÇíóÉò.
[Þóæúáõ ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøö Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏö ÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóíúåö] :
(æó) Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö (ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò) ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ ÞóÏú (Óóáóßú) Ýöí ßöÊöÇÈöåö (ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÇáúÝóÇÕöáö) ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏó¡ ÍóíúËõ ÕóÑøóÍó (ÈöÃóäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ) Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó (áöáúÎóãúÓöíäóÇ ÚóÇãðÇ) Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊößúãóÇáöåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÕöÍøõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóËóÑö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÇäúÊöåóÇÁõ ÇáúßõåõæáóÉö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãõÌúÊóãóÚõ ÇáúÃóÔõÏøö¡ ÞóÇáó ÓõÍóíúãõ Èúäõ æóËöíáò ÇáÑøöíóÇÍöíøõ:
ÃóÎõæ ÎóãúÓöíäó ãõÌúÊóãöÚñ ÃóÔõÏøöí ... æóäóÌøóÐóäöí ãõÏóÇæóÑóÉñ ÇáÔøõÆõæäö
íóÚúäöí: ÃóÍóäóßóÊúäöí ãõÚóÇáóÌóÉõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö. ÞóÇáó: (æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó) Èöåö (áöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäóÇ) ÚóÇãðÇ¡ Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÈöãõÓúÊóäúßóÑò ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóÏøõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö¡ æóãõäúÊóåóì ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ äõÈøöÆó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÊóÊóäóÇåóì ÚóÒöíãóÉõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÞõæøóÊõåõ¡ æóíóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÚóÞúáõåõ æóíóÌõæÏõ ÑóÃúíõåõ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÑóÃó: {æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ} [íæÓÝ: 22] . ÞóÇáó: ËóáóÇËñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó¡ æóÇÓúÊóæóì. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÔõÏøö ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ (æó) ÞóÏú (ÑõÏøó) åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÎóáøóÇÏò ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÚúßöÓú ÕóäöíÚóåõ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáøóÊöí æóÕóÝóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÍóÏøðÇ áöãóÇ íõÓúÊóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóÇáúÎóãúÓöíäó ÇáøóÊöí íóÃúÎõÐõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇäúÍöØóÇØö(3/229)
æóÖóÚúÝö ÇáúÞõæóì ÍóÏøðÇ áöãóÇ áóÇ íõÓúÊóäúßóÑõ¡ Ãóæú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáøóÊöí áöáúÌóæóÇÒö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íõÑúÏöÝó ÈöÇáúÎóãúÓöíäó ÇáøóÊöí áöáöÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäö.
æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Óóåúáñ¡ Èóáú ÑõÏøó Úóáóíúåö ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ Ýöí (ÅöáúãóÇÚöåö) æóÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäöåö: åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ áóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÇáó. ÞóÇáó: æóßóãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãóäú áóãú íóäúÊóåö Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöäøö æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊóæúÝóì Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚõãúÑö¡ æóãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÞóÏú äóÔóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕóì¡ åóÐóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÊõæõÝøöíó æóáóãú íõßúãöáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò áóãú íóÈúáõÛö ÇáúÎóãúÓöíäó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÇáößñ ÞóÏú ÌóáóÓó áöáäøóÇÓö ÇÈúäó äóíøöÝò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÞöíáó: ÇÈúäó ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó. æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÑõæäó¡ æóÔõíõæÎõåõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉõ æóÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò æóÇÈúäõ åõÑúãõÒó æóäóÇÝöÚñ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ÃóÍúíóÇÁñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÝõÑóíúÚóÉö ÃõÎúÊö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÞóÏú ÃõÎöÐó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Ýöí Óöäøö ÇáúÍóÏóÇËóÉö¡ æóÇäúÊóÕóÈó áöÐóáößó Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÈõäúÏóÇÑò ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈó Úóäøöí ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÞõÑõæäò¡ æóÓóÃóáõæäöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËó æóÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ËóãóÇäöíó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍúíóíúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÍóÏøöËóåõãú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊõåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÈõÓúÊóÇäö ÝóÃóØúÚóãúÊõåõãõ ÇáÑøõØóÈó æóÍóÏøóËúÊõåõãú.
æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóÚúíóäö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈúäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÑúíóÇÈöíøö æóãóÇ Ýöí æóÌúåöåö ÔóÚúÑóÉñ. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÇÈúäõ ßóãú ßóÇäó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúäó ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóáöí ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð(3/230)
Íöíäó ÞóÏöãúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ ßóÊóÈó Úóäøöí ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÃóÏúÎóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö¡ æóÓóÃóáóäöí ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõåóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÇËúäóÊóíú ÚóÔóÑóÉó æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò (412 åÜ) .
ÞõáúÊõ: æóáóãú íóßõäú ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÇÓúÊóæúÝóì ÚóÔóÑó Óöäöíäó ãöäú Íöíäó ØóáóÈóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóáöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð ; áöÃóäøöí æõáöÏúÊõ Ýöí ÌõãóÇÏóì ÇáúÃõæáóì ÓóäóÉó ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÊöÓúÚöíäó æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò (392) ¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò (403) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÙóÝøóÑò æóÓöäøõåõ ËóãóÇäö ÚóÔúÑóÉó¡ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó ÇáØøóáóÈó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÓóäóÉõ ËóáóÇËò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò (693 åÜ) ¡ æóÍóÏøóËó Úóäúåõ Ýöí (ãõÚúÌóãöåö) ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãöäó (ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö) áöáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚóÞöÈóåõ: ÃóãúáóÇåõ Úóáóíøó ÇÈúäõ ãõÙóÝøóÑò æóåõæó ÃóãúÑóÏõ.
æóÍóÏøóËó ÃóÈõæ ÇáËøóäóÇÁö ãóÍúãõæÏõ Èúäõ ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÇáúãóäúÈóÌöíøõ æóáóåõ ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÞöíøõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöäú (ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) áöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÍóÏøóËó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉò (745) æóáóåõ ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáÔøöåóÇÈõ ÃóÈõæ ãóÍúãõæÏò ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ(3/231)
ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÓóäóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÎóãúÓöíäó ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúÚöãóÇÏõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ßóÇáúãõÍöÈøö Èúäö ÇáúåóÇÆöãö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÍóÏøóËó æóÏóÑøóÓó æóÞóÑøóÙó áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÊóÕóÇäöíÝöåö æóãóÇÊó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ËóãóÇäöí ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕóÇÛöÑö.
æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö: ÇáúÌóÇåöáõ ÕóÛöíÑñ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎðÇ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇáöãõ ßóÈöíÑñ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÏóËðÇ.
[ÊóÃúæöíáõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøö ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö] :
(æó) áóßöäö (ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÞóÏú Íóãóáó ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÎóáøóÇÏò Úóáóì ãóÍúãóáò ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÍóíúËõ (ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÚö) Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö (ÎóÕøóÕó) ÊóÍúÏöíÏóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóäúßóÑò¡ æóåõæó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ Ýöíãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóì áöáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóÑóÇÚóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÊóÚóÌøóáóÊú áóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÙöäøóÉñ áöáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ (áóÇ ßóãóÇáößò æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöí) æóÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäú ÐóßóÑóåõãú ÚöíóÇÖñ ãöãøóäú ÍóÏøóËó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áöÈóÑóÇÚóÉò ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÙóåóÑó áóåõãú ãóÚóåóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËõæÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõãú ÓõÆöáõæÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö. ÇäúÊóåóì.(3/232)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íõÍúãóáõ ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóÊóÕóÏøóì ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÏõÎõæáöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏóÇËóÉö ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäò. Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ìóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÈóÇÈö ãóÚúÐõæÑñ¡ æóÚöáúãõåõ ãóÍúÞõæÑñ. æóÚóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó ÎóÇáöÏðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÚóÌöáó ÎóÇáöÏñ.
[ãóÊóì íõãúÓößõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¿] :
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóæóÞúÊõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÏóÇÆöÑñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Ãóæú Óöäøò ãóÎúÕõæÕò¡ æóåóáú áóåõ ÃóãóÏñ íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóíúåö¿ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóíóäúÈóÛöí) áóåõ¡ Ãóíö: ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ (ÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßõ) Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ (ÅöÐú) Ãóíú: ÍóíúËõ (íõÎúÔóì ÇáúåóÑóãú) ÇáäøóÇÔöÆõ Úóäúåõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÇáÊøóÛóíøõÑõ¡ æóÎóæúÝõ ÇáúÎóÑóÝö æóÇáÊøóÎúáöíØö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÑúæöí ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÕõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúåóÑóãõ íóÊóÝóÇæóÊõæäó ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú. íóÚúäöí: ÝóáóÇ ÖóÇÈöØó ÍöíäóÆöÐò áóåõ. (æó) áóßöäú (ÈöÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó) ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö (ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò) ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÌóÒóãú) ÍóíúËõ ÍóÏøóåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóäóÇåóì ÇáúÚõãõÑõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÝóÃóÚúÌóÈõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íõãúÓößó Ýöí ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏøõ ÇáúåóÑóãö. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÊøóÓúÈöíÍõ æóÇáÐøößúÑõ æóÊöáóÇæóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóæúáóì ÈöÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó.
ÞóÇáó: (ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú ËóÇÈöÊó ÚóÞúáò) ãõÌúÊóãöÚó ÑóÃúíò¡ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÍóÏöíËóåõ æóíóÞõæãõ Èöåö¡ æóÊóÍóÑøóì Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÇÍúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ¡ (áóãú íõÈóáú) Ãóíú áóãú íõÈóÇáó ÈöÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÑóÌóæúÊõ áóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóåóÐóÇ¡ Ãóíö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ ÈöÇáÓøöäøö¡ ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÊóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ(3/233)
ÃóãóÇÑóÉõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇáö¡ æóíõÎóÇÝõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ðóáößó Ýöíåö ÝóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ; áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊó ÃóÍúæóÌõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö.
íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (ßóÃóäóÓò) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóÍóßöíãö Èúäö ÍöÒóÇãò¡ ÍóíúËõ ÍóÏøóËó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÌóÇæóÒóÉö ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö.
æóáöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ßóÔõÑóíúÍò ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æóãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåöãú ßóÇááøóíúËö¡ (æóãóÇáößò) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ (æóãóäú ÝóÚóáó) Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáØøöÈóÇÞö æóÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó.
(æó) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö (ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøõ) ¡ (æó) ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò (ÇáúåõÌóíúãöíøõ) ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÛöíÑö äöÓúÈóÉð áöåõÌóíúãö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ (æóÝöÆóåú) Ãóíú ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÛóíúÑõåõãú (ßóÜ) ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÇáØøóíøöÈö ØóÇåöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö) ¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ØóÇåöÑò ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ßõáøõåõãú (ÍóÏøóËõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãöÇÆóåú) .
æóÇÎúÊóÕøó ÇáúåõÌóíúãöíøõ Úóãøóäú ÐõßöÑó ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÑöÍúáóÊöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Âáóì ÃóáøóÇ íõÍóÏøöËó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì Ýöí ãóäóÇãöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóÚóãøóãó æóÑóÏøó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ãöÇÆóÉð æóËóáóÇËó ÏóæóÑóÇÊò¡ ÝóÚõÈøöÑó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÚöíÔó Óöäöíäó ÈöÚóÏóÏöåóÇ ÝóßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóãöãøóäú ÞóÇÑóÈó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÌóáóÇáóÊöåö Ýöí ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙóÉö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÖóÇÑö¡ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÓóÚúÏõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÇáÏøöíÑöíøö¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÛóíøóÑú æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Èóáú ÓóÇÚóÏóåõãõ ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞõ¡ æóÕóÍöÈóÊúåõãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó ÈöÐóáößó ãöÕúÏóÇÞõ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ãóÇáößò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÎúÑóÝõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõæäó. íóÚúäöí ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆó ÞóÑóÃó íóæúãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåõÌóíúãöíøö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÌóÇæóÒó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó ÍóÏöíËó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõãøóì ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú ÃóÈóÇ(3/234)
ÈóßúÑò æóÈöáóÇáðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÇãöÑó Èúäó ÝõåóíúÑóÉó¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÊò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: ßóíúÝó ÊóÌöÏõßó íóÇ ÚóÇãöÑõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó:
Åöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ ÇáúãóæúÊó ÞóÈúáó ÐóæúÞöåö ... Åöäøó ÇáúÌóÈóÇäó ÍóÊúÝõåõ ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåö
ßõáøõ ÇãúÑöÆò ãõÌóÇåöÏñ ÈöØóæúÞöåö ... ßóÇáËøóæúÑö íóÍúãöí ÌöÓúãóåõ ÈöÑóæúÞöåö
ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÇáúßóáúÈö. ÈóÏóáó Þóæúáöåö: ßóÇáËøóæúÑö. æóÑóÇãó ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúåõÌóíúãöíøõ: Þõáú: ßóÇáËøóæúÑö. íóÇ ËóæúÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóáúÈó áóÇ ÑóæúÞó áóåõ¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÑøóæúÞõ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö Ëõãøó ÇáÓøõßõæäö ÇáúÞóÑúäõ¡ ÝóÝóÑöÍó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÚóÞúáöåö æóÌóæúÏóÉö ÍöÓøöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÚöíóÇÖñ: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÑöåó ãóäú ßóÑöåó áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËó áößóæúäö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Úóáóì ãóäú íóÈúáõÛõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇáó ÇáúÌöÓúãö æóÇáÐøößúÑö¡ æóÖóÚúÝó ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÊóÛóíøõÑó ÇáúÝóåúãö æóÍõáõæáó ÇáúÎóÑóÝö¡ ÝóÎöíÝó Ãóäú íóÈúÏóÃó Èöåö ÇáÊøóÛóíøõÑõ æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇáõ ÝóáóÇ íõÝúØóäó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÌóÇÒóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÔúíóÇÁõ.
æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÌöíåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÈóáóÛó ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó ÖóÚõÝó ÍóÇáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÎöíÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇáõ æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáõ¡ æóÃóáøóÇ íõÝúØóäó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú íóÎúáöØó¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöãóÇÏó ÇÈúäó ßóËöíÑò ÞóÏú ÝóÕóáó Èóíúäó ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙöåö æóÖóÈúØöåö.
ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ ãöäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇØöåö ÅöÐóÇ ØóÚóäó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ãóæö ÇáÖøóÇÈöØö ÇáúãõÝöíÏö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÃóÑúÛóÈó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ãöäúåõ ßóÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó ÈöíóÞöíäò ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó) Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÏöíøö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËöíäó æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÃóÓúãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËöíäó æóÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÇãøöíøðÇ áóÇ íóÖúÈöØõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÞøóáõ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÊóÏóÇÚóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ æóÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóãøóäú Ïõæäóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäúåõ¡ áöÃóÌúáö ÊóÝóÑøõÏöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú íóÒöíÏõæäó.(3/235)
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ ßõÑøóÇÓóÉð ÃóæúÑóÏó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøöäöíäö ãóäú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÌóãóÚó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÇ æóÞóÝúÊõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú æóãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÈõíøöÖó.
æóíõæÌóÏõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÌõãúáóÉñ ãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÉö ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÑóÏøñ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔö ÍóíúËõ ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚöíÔõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóæúÞó ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò Ýöí (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö) : ( «ãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö äóÝúÓñ ãóäúÝõæÓóÉñ ÊóÃúÊöí ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉñ ÓóäóÉò» ) ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÙöãö Úóäúåõ.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ (íóäúÈóÛöí) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ (ÅöãúÓóÇßõ ÇáóÇÚúãóì) ÈöäóÞúáö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ ÚóãóÇåõ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËõ¡ Úóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ (Åöäú íõÎóÝú) Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ ; áößóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ÍóÇÝöÙò¡ Èóáú æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóÏóÇÆöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöãúÚóÇäö Ýöíåö æóÝöí ÇáúÃõãøöíøö¡ ãóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÊöåö.
æóíóäúÈóÛöí ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóíúËõ ÈóÇäó ÇáúÍóÖøõ Úóáóì äóÔúÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÚó ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÇäúÌóÑøó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÍúãöáóåõ ÇáÑøóÛúÈóÉõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ßóÑóÇåóÉö Ãóäú íõÄúÎóÐó Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ãõÕöíÈóÉñ íõÈúÊóáóì ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóåöíó Ïóáöíáñ æóÇÖöÍñ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö æóÌúåö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÅöÎúÝóÇÁö ãóäú íõÚóáøöãõåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ãöãøóäú áóÇ íõæóÇÒöíåö.
[ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍóÞøö æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÚöäúÏóåõ] :
(æóÃóäøó ãóäú Óöíáó) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó (ÈöÌõÒúÁò) Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ (ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝú(3/236)
ÑõÌúÍóÇäó ÑóÇæò) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑöåö ÈöÈóáóÏöåö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ (Ýöíåö) ÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäöåö ÃóÚúáóì Ãóæú ãõÊøóÕöáó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍóÇÊö¡ æóáóæú ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÖøóÈúØö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóíúÎõåõ Ýöíåö ÍóíøðÇ¡ (Ïóáøó) ÇáÓøóÇÆöáó áóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÑúÔóÏóåõ Åöáóíúåö áöíóÃúÎõÐóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÓúÊóÏúÚöíó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉó Åöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÈóáóÏöåö¡ æóáóãú Êõãúßøöäúåõ ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ Åöáóíúåö.
(Ýóåúæó) Ãóíö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ ÈöÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó (ÍóÞú) æóäóÕöíÍóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áößóæúäö ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö Èöåö ÃóÍóÞøó¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÔõÑóíúÍõ Èúäõ åóÇäöÆò: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúÍö¡ íóÚúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊö: ÇÆúÊö ÚóáöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäøöí.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò: ÌóáóÓúÊõ Åöáóì ËóÚúáóÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÕõÚóíúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: ÃóÑóÇßó ÊõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöÐóÇßó ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ íóÚúäöí ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóÒöãúÊõ ÓóÚöíÏðÇ ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÍóæøóáúÊõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö Åöáóì ÚõÑúæóÉó ÝóÊóÝóÌøóÑúÊõ ãöäúåõ ÈóÍúÑðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÍóãúÏóÇäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞõ: ÐóåóÈúäóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó ÝóÓóÃóáúäóÇåõ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËóäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÊóÓúãóÚõæäó ãöäøöí æóãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö. ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõãóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí (ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö) áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÌõáñ: Úóãøóäú ÊóÑóì Ãóäú íõßúÊóÈó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇÎúÑõÌú Åöáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö íõæäõÓó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö ãöäúåõãú ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÏöíäóÇÑò ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ïóáøó ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäó ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Çáúãóßøöíøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäú ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö ßóíúÓóÇäó ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö Íöíäó ÞóÏöãóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡(3/237)
ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ áöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö ãöäú (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) åóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÏó áóÞúíö ÚóãúÑòæ áöÕóÇáöÍò æóÃóÎúÐöåö Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ßóæúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÃóÞúÏóãó ãöäúåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ íõÍöíáõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) Úóáóì ÇáÒøóíúäö ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð áöÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊó Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ ßõäúÊó ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áöí ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö. Èóáú ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÃóÎóÕøó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ; ÍóíúËõ íõÍúÖöÑõ ãóäú íóÚúáóãõ ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúãóÚöíäó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÚóæóÇáöí ãóÌúáöÓóåõ áöÃóÌúáö ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö æóãóäú íóáõæÐõ Èöåö áóåõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÞóÑóÃó áóåõãú Ðóáößó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÝóÚóáó Çáúæóáöíøõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÇÙöãö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÎóÕøó Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁõ ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáÕøöÝóÉó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍóÉó¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÚóÇãøöíøðÇ áóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó áóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÒóáõ ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÖóÇÈöØðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÑúÔóÇÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÎóáóáðÇ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍúÖóÑóåõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ Åöáóì ãóÌúáöÓöåö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóßúÑóãóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÌøõåö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝóäøö¡ ÝóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ (ÊóÑúßõ ÊóÍúÏöíËò ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÞú) æóÇáúÃóæúáóì ãöäúåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøó ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ ÝóáóÇ.
(æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóÑöåó ÇáúÃóÎúÐó) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ (Úóäúåõ ÈöÈóáóÏò æóÝöíåö) ãóäú åõæó áöÓöäøöåö Ãóæú Úöáúãöåö Ãóæú ÖóÈúØöåö Ãóæú ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ (Ãóæúáóì ãöäúåõ) áöÍóÏöíËö ÓóãõÑóÉó:(3/238)
(áóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÛõáóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóßõäúÊõ ÃóÍúÝóÙõ Úóäúåõ æóãóÇ íóãúäóÚõäöí ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó åóÇåõäóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ åõãú ÃóÓóäøõ ãöäøöí) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÒöÑøñ ÃóßúÈóÑó ãöäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ ÝóßóÇäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú ÃóÈõæ æóÇÆöáò ãóÚó ÒöÑøò.
æóÚóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò íõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ØóáóÚó ÑóÈöíÚóÉõ ÞóØóÚó íóÍúíóì ÍóÏöíËóåõ ÅöÌúáóÇáðÇ áóåõ æóÅöÚúÙóÇãðÇ.
æóÚóäú ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓõÆöáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøõ ÇáúãõßóÈøóÑõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó - íóÚúäöí ÃóÎóÇåõ ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÕóÛøóÑó - Íóíøñ ÝóáóÇ. æóÚóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ãóÇ áóßó áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ æóÃóäúÊó Íóíøñ ÝóáóÇ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÇÙöãö áóãøóÇ ÓõÆöáó Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÈöÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö) : ÃóãøóÇ æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáÊøóäõæÎöíøõ Íóíøñ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÚóíúØöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑö Èúäó ÚóíøóÇÔò ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÃóÊóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÝóÈóÑóßó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÇÈúäó ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËò ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáúäöí ãóÇ ÏóÇãó åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ - íóÚúäöí ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò - ÞóÇÚöÏðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ãõÚúÊóãöÑò æóåõæó íõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ ÅöÐú ÃóÞúÈóáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ ÝóÞóØóÚó ãõÚúÊóãöÑñ ÍóÏöíËóåõ¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äóÊóßóáøóãõ ÚöäúÏó ßõÈóÑóÇÆöäóÇ.
æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ãóÚöíäò íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÇáúÈóáúÏóÉö æóÈöåóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ãöäúåõ ÃóÍúãóÞõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏò Ýöíåö ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ãõÓúåöÑò - íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÃóÓóäøó ãöäúåõ - ÝóíóÌöÈõ áöáöÍúíóÊöí Ãóäú ÊõÍúáóÞó. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøö: æóÃóäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊõ Ýöí ÈóáúÏóÉò ÝöíåóÇ ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚóãøóÇÑò - íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÃóÓóäøó ãöäúåõ - ÝóíóÌöÈõ áöáöÍúíóÊöí Ãóäú ÊõÍúáóÞó.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÍóÏøóËó Ýöí ÈóáúÏóÉò æóÈöåóÇ ãóäú åõæó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö(3/239)
ãöäúåõ Ýóåõæó ãõÎúÊóáøñ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇáúÃóæúáóæóíøóÉõ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Ãóæú Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåóáú íóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ áöáúÅöÝúÊóÇÁö Ãóæú áöÅöÞúÑóÇÁö Úöáúãò ÈöÈóáóÏò Ýöíåö ãóäú åõæó Ãóæúáóì Èöåö ãöäúåõ¿ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ áóÇ ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÌöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÖúíöíÞö ÇáøóÐöí ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÎóáóÝðÇ Úóäú ÓóáóÝò Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö.
ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÚöÒøó ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉó Íóßóì Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúãõÍöÈøö äóÇÙöÑö ÇáúÌóíúÔö Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÇåóÏó ÈöãöÕúÑó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝóäóÇÁö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ãöÇÆóÉó ÍóáúÞóÉò Ýöí ÇáäøóÍúæö¡ ÓöÊøöíäó ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÌóÇãöÚö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÈóÇÞöíóåóÇ ÈöÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö.
æóÞóÏú ÚóÞóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ÈóÇÈðÇ áöÝóÊúæóì ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áöÐóáößó¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Ãóäøó ÇáØøóáóÈóÉó ÊóÊóÝóÇæóÊõ ÃóÝúåóÇãõåõãú¡ ÝóÇáúÞóÇÕöÑõ áóÇ íóÝúåóãõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉó ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóíóÝúåóãõ ãöãøóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÚóÇáóãò ÑóÈøóÇäöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑúÛóÈõ Ýöíåö áöáúÃóÚúáóì(3/240)
æóÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ ÝóÈõæáöÛó Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉö Úóáóì ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÞóÇáó: åóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÃóáøóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÏóÈõ ãóÇ åõæó ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ ÑóÇÌöÍóÉñ Úóáóíúåö. íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ.
[ÇáúÞöíóÇãõ áöÃóÍóÏò æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö] :
(æóáóÇ ÊóÞõãú) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßõäúÊó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËõ ÈöáóÝúÙößó Ãóæú ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÛóíúÑößó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (áöÃóÍóÏò) ÅößúÑóÇãðÇ áöÍóÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íõÞúØóÚó ÈöÞöíóÇãò.
ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí " ÌõÒúÁö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö ": ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ áöÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÃóÍóÏò ßõÊöÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÎóØöíÆóÉñ. åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóäúÖóãøó áöÐóáößó ãóÍóÈøóÉõ ãóäú íõÞóÇãõ áóåõ áöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÝóÂßóÏõ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ áöáÊøóÑúåöíÈö Úóäúåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÚóÐøóáö æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÏóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáö¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõ Ýóáóãú íóÞõãú áóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó Úóäú Ðóáößó æóÒöíÑóåõ ÝóÇÚúÊóÐóÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÓõæÁö ÈóÕóÑöåö¡ ÝóÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÇáó áöáúãõÊóæóßøöáö: ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÒøóåúÊõßó ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÑö. æóÓóÇÞó áóåõ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÊóãóËøóáó áóåõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ ÞöíóÇãðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» ) . ÝóÌóÇÁó ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõ ÝóÌóáóÓó Åöáóì ÌóÇäöÈöåö.(3/241)
æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ ÊóÎõÕøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöãóÌúáöÓò¡ Èóáú ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Åöáóì ãóæúÖöÚò Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÞöãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ áöÃóÌúáö ÃóÍóÏò¡ áöÍóÏöíËö: ( «áóÇ íõÞöíãóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó ãöäú ãóÌúáöÓöåö Ëõãøó íóÌúáöÓõ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóßöäú ÊóæóÓøóÚõæÇ» ) . ( «áóÇ ÊõÌúáöÓúåõ Èóíúäó ÇËúäóíúäö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÐúäöåöãóÇ» ) .
æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúÍóíúÕõ ÈóíúÕõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ØóÑøóÇÏò ÇáúæóÒöíÑö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ØóÑøóÇÏò¡ íóÇ ÑóÝöíÚó ÇáúÚöãóÇÏö¡ íóÇ ÎóÇáöÏó ÇáúÃóÌúæóÇÏö¡ ÇäúÞóÖóì ÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ ÝóÃóíúäó ÃóÌúáöÓõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ: ãóßóÇäóßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÚóáóì ÞóÏúÑöí Ãóãú Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑößó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑöí æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑößó¡ æóáóßöäú Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö. æóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó ÅößúÑóÇãóåõ ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎó æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó æóÐóæöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö¡ áöãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ãöäú ÅöäúÒóÇáö ßõáøò ãóäúÒöáóÊóåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ßõäøóÇ äóÌúáöÓõ Åöáóì ÑóÈöíÚóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóì Ðõæ ÇáÓøöäøö æóÇáúÝóÖúáö ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: åóåõäóÇ. ÍóÊøóì íóÌúáöÓó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäúåõãú. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÑóÈöíÚóÉõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÐóÇßó ÇáÓøöäøó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ: åóåõäóÇ. æóáóÇ íóÑúÖóì ÍóÊøóì íõÌúáöÓóåõ Åöáóì ÌóäúÈöåö¡ ßóÃóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ Èöåö Ðóáößó áöÝóÖúáöåö ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóáóÇ ÊõÞóÏøöãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö äóæúÈóÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÊóÃóÓøó ÈöÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÍóíúËõ ÍóÖóÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúæóÒöíÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóåõ ÑóÌõáñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó(3/242)
ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ áöáÑøóÌõáö: ÃóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÃõ¿ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáúæóÒöíÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáäøóæúÈóÉõ áóßó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóßúÊóÑöËú ÈöÏöÌúáóÉó æóáóÇ ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóåóÐöåö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ãöäú áóØóÇÆöÝö ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò æóÈóáóÇÛóÊöåö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊöåö áöÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ áóÇ ÊóÎõÕøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÞúÈóÇáö Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú (ÃóÞúÈöáö Úóáóíúåöãö) ÈößóÓúÑö Çáúãöíãö¡ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãúßóäó¡ ÝóÐóÇßó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ ; áöÞóæúáö ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò: ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÃóáøóÇ íõÞúÈöáó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóßöäú áöíóÚõãøóåõãú.
æóÚóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö. æóÃóÚúáóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÎõÕøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÊóÑóÝøóÚõ Úóäö ÇáúÌõáõæÓö ãóÚó ãóäú íóÑóÇåõ Ïõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ãóÌöíÆößó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáó ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÅöÏúÑöíÓó ÇáúÃóæúÏöíøó Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó ÇÈúäóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÍóÏøóËúäóÇåõ. æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÅöãóÇãöäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöíøö Úóäúåõ:
ÇáúÚöáúãõ ãöäú ÔóÑúØöåö áöãóäú ÎóÏóãóåú ... Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßõáøóåõãú ÎóÏóãóåú
æóæóÇÌöÈñ Õóæúäõåõ Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ ... íóÕõæäõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚöÑúÖóåõ æóÏóãóåú
æóáóÇ ÊóÌúáöÓú Ýöí ÇáÙøöáøö æóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÇÎúÝöÖú ÕóæúÊóßó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö ÓóíøöÆõ ÇáÓøóãúÚö.(3/243)
[ÊóÈúíöíäõ ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö æóÊóÑúÊöíáõåõ] : (æóáöáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóÊøöáö) ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ Åöäú áóãú íõÎóÝú ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÑõÏúåõ ÓóÑúÏðÇ¡ Ãóíú áóÇ ÊõÊóÇÈöÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇÓúÊöÚúÌóÇáðÇ¡ ÈóÚúÖóåõ ÅöËúÑó ÈóÚúÖò ; áöÆóáøóÇ íóáúÊóÈöÓó Ãóæú íóãúäóÚó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚó ãöäú ÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÈóÚúÖöåö ; áöÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóíúåö: ( «áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúÑõÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÓóÑúÏóßõãú» ) .
ÒóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ: (ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÏöíËõåõ ÝóåúãðÇ ÊóÝúåóãõåõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ) . æóÒóÇÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ: (æóáóßöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈößóáóÇãò Èóíøöäò ÝóÕúáò íóÍúÝóÙõåõ ãóäú ÌóáóÓó Åöáóíúåö) .
æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóÓúÑõÏõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ÈóÚúÖõåõ¡ Èóáö ÇÚúÊõÐöÑó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÃóÌúáöåö ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú¡ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áößóæúäöåö æóÇÓöÚó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ßóËöíÑó ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö¡ áóÇ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäó Çáúãóåúáö ÚöäúÏó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÈõáóÛóÇÁö: ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÞúÊóÕöÑó ÝóÊóÒóÇÍóãõ ÇáúÞóæóÇÝöí Úóáóì Ýöíøö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÝöíó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÝóÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íõäúßóÑó¡ æóáöÐóÇ Þöíáó ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: (ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúåóÐúÑóãóÉõ) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÍøóÇÓõ Ýöí (ÕöäóÇÚóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) : Þóæúáõåõãú: ÓóÑóÏó ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ. ãóÚúäóÇåõ: ÃóÍúßóãóåóÇ. ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäú ÓóÑóÏó ÇáÏøöÑúÚó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍúßóãóåóÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÍöáóÞóåóÇ æóáóÇÁð ÛóíúÑó ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ æóÃóÍúÓóäó ÕóäúÚóÉó ÇáúãóÓóÇãöíÑö.
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö¡ Èóáú æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÓóÇãóÍõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ íóÓúÊóÚúÌöáõ ÇÓúÊöÚúÌóÇáðÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÇáÓøóÇãöÚó ãöäú ÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÍõÑõæÝò(3/244)
ßóËöíÑóÉò Èóáú ßóáöãóÇÊò¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÎóÇãöÓö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö.
æóáóÇ ÊõØöáö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓó¡ Èóáö ÇÌúÚóáúåõ ãõÊóæóÓøöØðÇ¡ æóÇÞúÊóÕöÏú Ýöíåö ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäú ÓóÂãóÉö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö æóãóáóáöåö¡ æóÃóäú íõÄóÏøöíó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÝõÊõæÑöåö Úóäö ÇáØøóáóÈö æóßóÓóáöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú ÚóáöãúÊó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó áóÇ íóÊóÈóÑøóãõæäó ÈöØõæáöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÅöÐóÇ ØóÇáó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ ßóÇäó áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö Ýöíåö äóÕöíÈñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÈóÑøöÏõ: ãóäú ÃóØóÇáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÑøóÖó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ áöáúãóáóÇáö æóÓõæÁö ÇáöÇÓúÊöãóÇÚö¡ æóáóÃóäú íóÏóÚó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÝóÖúáóÉð íõÚóÇÏõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ÃóÕúáóÍõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÝúÖõáó Úóäúåõ ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈó ÇÓúÊöãóÇÚõåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÑóÛúÈóÉò Ýöíåö æóáóÇ äóÔóÇØò áóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ: Þóáöíáõ ÇáúãóæúÚóÙóÉö ãóÚó äóÔóÇØö ÇáúãõæÚóÙö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò æóÇÝóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÚö äóÈúæóÉð¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÞóáúÈö ãóáóÇáóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: ßõáøõ ßóáóÇãò ßóËõÑó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãúÚö æóáóãú íõØóÇæöÚúåõ ÇáúÝóåúãõ¡ ÇÒúÏóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÞóáúÈõ Úóãðì¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÇáÓøóãúÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÐóÇäö ÅöÐóÇ Þóæöíó Ýóåúãõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóÒöíÏò ÇáúÈóíúÑõæÊöíøõ: ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚõ ÃóÓúÑóÚõ ãóáóÇáóÉð ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö¡ æóÕóÍøó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ãóÇ ÊõØöíÞõæäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóãóáøõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóãóáøõæÇ¡ æóÅöäøó(3/245)
ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÃóÏúæóãóåõ æóÅöäõ Þóáøó» ) .
[ÈóÏúÁõ ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö æóÎóÊúãõåõ ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö] : (æóÇÍúãóÏú) Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì (æóÕóáøö) Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó (ãóÚú ÓóáóÇãò) Úóáóíúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöáúÎõÑõæÌö ãöäó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöåóÇ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ãõåöãøóÇÊò ÊõÓúÊóÍúÖóÑõ åõäóÇ.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ãóÚó (ÏõÚóÇ) íóáöíÞõ ÈöÇáúÍóÇáö (Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö) ßõáøö (ãóÌúáöÓò æó) Ýöí (ÎóÊúãöåö ãóÚóÇ) ÓöÑøðÇ æóÌóåúÑðÇ¡ Ýóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ¡ ÅöÐú ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÊóäúÒöáõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ. ÒóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: æóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÞóÇÑöÆò ÍóÓóäö ÇáÕøóæúÊö ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóãöäú ÃóÈúáóÛö Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÍóãúÏðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ØóíøöÈðÇ ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ æóíóÑúÖóì¡ Çááøóåõãøó Õóáøö Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóáøóíúÊó Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚóáóì Âáö ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÈóÇÑößú Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÚóáóì Âáö ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóÇÑóßúÊó Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÚóáóì Âáö ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó Åöäøóßó ÍóãöíÏñ ãóÌöíÏñ¡ ßõáøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóßó ÇáÐøóÇßöÑõæäó¡ æóßõáøóãóÇ ÛóÝóáó Úóäú ÐößúÑößó ÇáúÛóÇÝöáõæäó¡ æóÕóáøö Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáóíúäó¡ æóÂáö ßõáøò æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ äöåóÇíóÉó ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáóåõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõæäó.
Çááøóåõãøó ÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÃóáõßó ãöäú ÎóíúÑö ãóÇ ÓóÃóáóßó ãöäúåõ äóÈöíøõßó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóäóÓúÊóÚöíÐõ Èößó ãöäú ÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚóÇÐó ãöäúåõ äóÈöíøõßó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóäóÓúÃóáõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÈó(3/246)
ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáò Ãóæú Úóãóáò¡ æóäóÓúÊóÚöíÐõ Èößó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö æóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÈó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáò Ãóæú Úóãóáò¡ æóäóÓúÃóáõßó ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ßõáøöåö ÚóÇÌöáöåö æóÂÌöáöåö¡ ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ãöäúåõ æóãóÇ áóãú äóÚúáóãú¡ æóäóÓúÊóÚöíÐõ Èößó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑøö ßõáøöåö ÚóÇÌöáöåö æóÂÌöáöåö¡ ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ãöäúåõ æóãóÇ áóãú äóÚúáóãú¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ æóÚóáóíúßó ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ.
æóÎõÕøó ÇáúÎóÊúãó ÈöÞóæúáö: ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏößó¡ ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó¡ ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõßó æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åöáóíúßó¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÇÞúÓöãú áóäóÇ ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÊößó ãóÇ íóÍõæáõ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóÚóÇÕöíßó¡ æóãöäú ØóÇÚóÊößó ãóÇ ÊõÈóáøöÛõäóÇ Èöåö ÌóäøóÊóßó¡ æóãöäó ÇáúíóÞöíäö ãóÇ Êõåóæøöäõ Èöåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãóÕóÇÆöÈó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
Çááøóåõãøó ãóÊøöÚúäóÇ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÚöäóÇ æóÃóÈúÕóÇÑöäóÇ æóÞõæøóÊöäóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÍúíóíúÊöäóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÑöËó ãöäøóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÚóáú ËóÃúÑóäóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÙóáóãóäóÇ¡ æóÇäúÕõÑúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÚóÇÏóÇäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáú ãõÕöíÈóÊóäóÇ Ýöí ÏöíäöäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑó åóãøöäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÈúáóÛó ÚöáúãöäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÓóáøöØú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÐõäõæÈöäóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúÍóãõäóÇ¡ íóÇ ÃóÑúÍóãó ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó.
æóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí Ðóáößó. ÞóÏú äõæÒöÚó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÇÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ.
[ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ ÚóÞúÏö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö]
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(711) æóÅöäú íõÎóÑøöÌú áöáÑøõæóÇÉö ãõÊúÞöäõ ... ãóÌóÇáöÓó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö Ýóåúæó ÍóÓóäõ
(712) æóáóíúÓó ÈöÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö Íöíäó íóßúãõáõ ... Ûöäðì Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑúÖö áöÒóíúÛò íóÍúÕõáõ
[ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ ÚóÞúÏö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö] :
(æóÇÚúÞöÏú) Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãõÍóÏøöËðÇ ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ (áöáöÇãúáóÇ) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ãóÌúáöÓðÇ) ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈößó Ãóæú ÍöÝúÙößó¡ æóÇáúÍöÝúÙõ ÃóÔúÑóÝõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóÓúØõåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(ÝóÐóÇßó) Ãóíö: ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁõ (ãöäú ÃóÑúÝóÚö) æõÌõæåö (ÇáöÇÓúãóÇÚö) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ (æóÇáúÃóÎúÐö) Ãóíö: ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö áöáØøóÇáöÈö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÃóÑúÝóÚõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäúÊõåõ ãóÚó ÊóÚúáöíáöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Úóäúåõ:
æóÇÙöÈú Úóáóì ßóÊúÈö ÇáúÃóãóÇáöíó ÌóÇåöÏðÇ ... ãöäú ÃóáúÓõäö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö æóÇáúÝõÖóáóÇÁö
ÝóÃóÌóáøõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÈöÃóÓúÑöåóÇ ... ãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚöåö) : Åöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóì ãóÑóÇÊöÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöíäó¡ æóãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈöÓõäóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöäú ÝóæóÇÆöÏöåö ÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöØõÑõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÔóæóÇåöÏöåö æóãõÊóÇÈöÚöåö æóÚóÇÖöÏöåö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÈöåóÇ íóÊóÞóæøóì¡ æóíõËúÈöÊõ áöÃóÌúáöåóÇ Íõßúãóåõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÑóæøóì¡ æóíõÑóÊøöÈõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÅöÙúåóÇÑó ÇáúÎóÝöíøö ãöäó ÇáúÚöáóáö¡ æóíõåóÐøöÈõ ÇááøóÝúÙó ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÒøóáóáö.
æóíóÊøóÖöÍõ ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÛóÇãöÖðÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö¡ æóíõÝúÕöÍõ ÈöÊóÚúíöíäò ãóÇ ÃõÈúåöãó Ãóæú Ãõåúãöáó Ãóæú ÃõÏúÑöÌó¡ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóáóíøöÇÊö¡ æóÍöÑúÕõåõ Úóáóì ÖóÈúØö ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúãóÊúäö æóÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóÝóÍúÕõåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáøóÊöí(3/248)
ÝöíåóÇ äóÔóÇØõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÈöÃóÊóãøó ãõÓúÊóäóÏò¡ æóÈóÚõÏó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÇáøóÐöí Þóáøó Ãóäú íóÚúÑóì Úóäúåõ áóÈöíÈñ Ãóæú ÍóÕöíÝñ.
æóÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóÝóåøõãö æóÇáÊøóÝúåöíãö áößõáøö ãóäú ÍóÖóÑó ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÊóßóÑøõÑö ÇáúãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉö Ýöí ÊóÖóÇÚöíÝö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑö¡ æóÍóæúÒõ ÝóÖöíáóÊóíö ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÝóæúÒõ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãõÓúÊóØóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÈóíøóäóåõ æóäóÔóÑóåõ æóÚóíøóäóåõ.
íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóãúáóíúÊõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÅöãúáóÇÁð æóÃóãúáóáúÊõ ÅöãúáóÇáðÇ. ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóáúíõãúáöáú æóáöíøõåõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 282] ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú " Ãóãóáøó "¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóåöíó Êõãúáóì Úóáóíúåö} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 5] ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú " Ãóãúáóì ".
ÝóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇááøõÛóÊóÇäö ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáõ " ÃóãúáóíúÊõ " ÃóãúáóáúÊõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊõËúÞöáó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó ÍóÑúÝóíúäö Ýöí áóÝúÙò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÃóÈúÏóáõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ íóÇÁð ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÊóÙóäøóäúÊõ. íóÚúäöí: ÍóíúËõ ÃóÈúÏóáõæÇ ãöäú ÅöÍúÏóì Çáäøõæäóíúäö íóÇÁð ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáÊøóÙóäøöí. æóåõæó ÅöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú: Ãóãúáóì Çááøóåõ áóåõ. Ãóíú ÃóØóÇáó ÚõãúÑóåõ.
ÝóãóÚúäóì: ÃóãúáóíúÊõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò: ÃóØóáúÊõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊöí Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáäøóÍøóÇÓõ Ýöí (ÕöäóÇÚóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö) æóåõæó ØóÑöíÞóÉñ ãóÓúáõæßóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ áóÇ íóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö.
æóÞóÏú Ãóãúáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúßõÊõÈó Åöáóì Çáúãõáõæßö æóÝöí ÇáúãõÕóÇáóÍóÉö íóæúãó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö æóÝöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóãúáóì æóÇËöáóÉõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ - ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÇáúÎóíøóÇØõ - ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Úóáóì(3/249)
ÇáäøóÇÓö æóåõãú íóßúÊõÈõæäóåóÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóãöãøóäú Ãóãúáóì ; ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ æóåóãøóÇãñ¡ æóæóßöíÚñ¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò¡ æóÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúßóÌøöíøõ¡ æóÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáúÝöÑúíóÇÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúåõÌóíúãöíøõ¡ Ýöí ÎóáúÞò íóØõæáõ ÓóÑúÏõåõãú¡ æóíóÊóÚóÓøóÑõ ÚóÏøõåõãú¡ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ßóÇÈúäö ÈöÔúÑóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúãöÒøöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÇÙöãö.
æóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁõ ÇäúÞóØóÚó ÞóÈúáóåõ ÏóåúÑðÇ¡ æóÍóÇæóáóåõ ÇáÊøóÇÌõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó æóáóÏõåõ Çáúæóáöíøõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøõ¡ Úóáóì ÅöÍúíóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÊóÚóáøóáõ ÈöÑóÛúÈóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÚóÏóãö ãóæúÞöÚöåö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁö Èöåö¡ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÔóÑóÍó Çááøóåõ ÕóÏúÑóåõ áöÐóáößó¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÔõÑõæÚõåõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÞóÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóÏóÇÑöÓó.
æóßóÐóÇ Ãóãúáóì íóÓöíÑðÇ Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÇáÓøöÑöÇÌõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõáóÞøöäö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÊóÖö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÕóäöíÚóåõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ Çáúæóáöíøõ ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøõ ÈöÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö æóÚöÏøóÉö ãóÏóÇÑöÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÇãö æóÍóáóÈó æóãöÕúÑó æóÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóÏóÇÑöÓó¡ æóÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõ Èöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ãõÍóÞøöÞöí ÔõíõæÎöí¡ ÝóÃóãúáóíúÊõ ÈöãóßøóÉó æóÈöÚöÏøóÉö ÃóãóÇßöäó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóÈóáóÛó ÚöÏøóÉõ ãóÇ ÃóãúáóíúÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÌóÇáöÓö Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö äóÍúæó ÇáÓøöÊøöãöÇÆóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÕóäöíÚõåõãú Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäö íóæúãò áöÐóáößó¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÊóÚóÏøõÏö íóæúãò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÓúÈõæÚö¡(3/250)
æóÚóíøóäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áöÐóáößó íóæúãó ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãúÚóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÕóáóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ; áöÔóÑóÝöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈñ: (Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáúÃóíúÇãó ÝóÌóÚóáó ãöäúåõäøó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó¡ æóÇáúÈöÞóÇÚó ÝóÌóÚóáó ãöäúåõäøó ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏó) .
æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: (ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ãóÌóÇáöÓõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÍöÑúÒñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÏúÑöíÓó ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøõ: (ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ãóÌóÇáöÓõ ÇáúßöÑóÇãö) .
æóíõÑúæóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö: ( «ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÈóíúÊõ ßõáøö ÊóÞöíøò» ) . æóßóÊóÈó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÈöÃóãúÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöäóÔúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú ÃõãöíÊóÊú.
æóÇÌúáöÓú ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó ãõÓúÊóÚúãöáðÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓößó æóãóÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈößó¡ æóÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö æóÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö¡ æóÝöí ÎöÝøóÉö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó.
[ÇÊøöÎóÇÐõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí æóÃóæúÕóÇÝõåõ æóÂÏóÇÈõåõ] :
(Ëõãøó Åöäú ÊóßúËõÑú ÌõãõæÚñ) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó (ÝóÇÊøóÎöÐú) æõÌõæÈðÇ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ (ãõÓúÊóãúáöíðÇ) íóÊóáóÞøóäõ ãöäúßó áöáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÞöáú(3/251)
ÝóáóÇ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Åöáóíúåö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ ËöÞóÉð (ãõÍóÕøöáðÇ ÐóÇ íóÞúÙóÉò) æóÝóåúãò æóÈóÑóÇÚóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÝóäøö¡ íõÈóáøöÛõ Úóäúßó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁó Åöáóì ãóäú ÈóÚõÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉö ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÍõÝøóÇÙöåö ßóãóÇáößò æóÔõÚúÈóÉó æóæóßöíÚò.
Èóáú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÞóÇáó: ( «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÎúØõÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Èöãöäðì Íöíäó ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáÖøõÍóì¡ Úóáóì ÈóÛúáóÉò ÔóåúÈóÇÁó¡ æóÚóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íõÚóÈøöÑõ Úóäúåõ» ) .
æóÇáúÍóÐóÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÛóÝøóáðÇ ÈóáöíÏðÇ¡ ßóÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó áöãõãúáöíåö - æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ËóäóÇ ÚöÏøóÉñ. ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ -: ÚöÏøóÉõ ÇÈúäõ ãóäú¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Çáúãõãúáöí: ÚöÏøóÉõ ÇÈúäõ ÝóÞóÏúÊõßó.
æóßóÇáúÂÎóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó áöãõãúáöíåö - æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáñ¡ ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí¡ æóåõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ. ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ -: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáñ¡ æóÔóßøó ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó - æóåöíó ßõäúíóÉõ Çáúãõãúáöí - Ýöí Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ Çáúãõãúáöí: ßóÐóÈúÊó íóÇ ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÔóßóßúÊõ Ýöí Çááøóåö ÞóØøõ.
æóßóÇáúÂÎóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãõãúáöíåö íóÞõæáõ áóåõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò. ÝóíóßúÊõÈõåõ: ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ æóíóÓúÊóãúáöíåö ÍóãøóÇÏó Èúäó ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Ëõãøó íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÈóíúÊöåö ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÓöäõ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ ÝóíóÞõæãõ ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó áöÒóæúÌóÊöåö ÝóíóÖúÑöÈõåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÓúÊóÛöíËõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÈöÇáúãõãúáöí. Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÇÊò ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóãóØö ãõÖúÍößóÉò¡ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöí ßóÇÊöÈò:
ÃóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÈóßúÑðÇ ÝóíóÓúãóÚõ ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ... æóíóßúÊõÈõåõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóíóÞúÑóÄõåõ ÚóãúÑóÇ
æóÃóíúÖðÇ:(3/252)
íóÚöí ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ æóíóßúÊõÈõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ... æóÚóÇåõ æóíóÞúÑóÃõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÊöÈõ.
ÝóÅöäú ÊóßóÇËóÑó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóßúÝöí æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÝóÒöÏú ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áöÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáøóÐöí ÍõÒöÑó ãóÌúáöÓõåõ ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÅöäúÓóÇäò¡ ãõÓúÊóãúáöíóÇäö. æóáöÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúßóÌøöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÍõÒöÑó ÈöäóíøöÝò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝó ãóÍúÈóÑóÉò Óöæóì ÇáäøóÙøóÇÑóÉö¡ ÓóÈúÚóÉñ íóÊóáóÞøóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò.
æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ÌóåúæóÑöíøó ÇáÕøóæúÊö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÔóÈøóåóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇáØøóÈøóÇáö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö ãõÞóíøöÏðÇ áóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóËõÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÑóæúäó æóÌúåóåõ¡ (ãõÓúÊóæöíóÇ) Ãóíú: ÌóÇáöÓðÇ¡ (ÈöÜ) ãóßóÇäò (ÚóÇáò) ¡ ãöäú ßõÑúÓöíøò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ (Ãóæú ÝóÞóÇÆöãðÇ) Úóáóì ÑöÌúáóíúåö ßóÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó ÈöãóÌúáöÓö ãóÇáößò¡ æóÂÏóãó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÅöíóÇÓò ÈöãóÌúáöÓö ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÎöäóÇ æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ¡ æóÝóÚóáúÊõåõ ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò áöÖóÑõæÑóÉò ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌõáõæÓó ÈöÇáúãóßóÇäö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÝöÚö Ãóæú ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÃóÈúáóÛõ áöáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó¡ æóÝöíåö ÊóÚúÙöíãñ áöáúÍóÏöíËö æóÅöÌúáóÇáñ áóåõ.
(íóÊúÈóÚõ) Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí (ãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåõ) ãöäúßó æóíõÄóÏøöíåö Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÛúíöíÑò¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡(3/253)
æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõãóÇ ãóÚðÇ: æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÃóáøóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝó áóÝúÙó Çáúãõãúáöí Ýöí ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö Úóäúåõ¡ Èóáú íóáúÒóãõåõ Ðóáößó ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøöÑóÇíóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÃóíúÖðÇ íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: æóÚóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÊúÈóÚó. Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö.
(ãõÈóáøöÛðÇ) ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõ áóÝúÙõ Çáúãõãúáöí¡ (Ãóæú ãõÝúåöãóÇ) Èöåö ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ Úóáóì ÈõÚúÏò æóáóãú íóÊóÝóåøóãúåõ¡ ÝóíóÊóæóÕøóáõ ÈöÕóæúÊö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí Åöáóì ÊóÝóåøõãöåö æóÊóÍóÞøõÞöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöíãóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí¡ Ïõæäó Çáúãõãúáöí Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáÊøóÇáöíóÉö áöËóÇäöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúäóì Úóäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÊöåö.
[ÂÏóÇÈõ ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöãúáóÇÁö] :
(æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäõæÇ) Ãóíú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöãøóäú ÊóÕóÏøóì áöáúÅöãúáóÇÁö (ÇáúÈóÏúÁó) Ýöí ãóÌóÇáöÓöåöãú (Èö) ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö (ÞóÇÑöÆò) åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ßóãóÇ áöáúÎóØöíÈö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö¡ Ãóæö Çáúãõãúáöí¡ ßóãóÇ áöáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ (ÊóáóÇ) ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö áóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö.
æóÚóíøóäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÊúáõæøõ ÓõæÑóÉð¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÎóÝöíÝóÉð. ÞóÇáó: æóíõÎúÝöíåóÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö. ßóÃóäøóåõ áößóæúäöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö. æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö ÓõæÑóÉó " ÇáúÃóÚúáóì " áöÐóáößó. æóßóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Þóæúáöåö ÝöíåóÇ: {ÓóäõÞúÑöÆõßó ÝóáóÇ ÊóäúÓóì} [ÇáÃÚáì: 6] æóÞóæúáöåö: ÝóÐóßøöÑú. æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÕõÍõÝö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì} [ÇáÃÚáì: 19] .
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: (ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÊóÐóÇßóÑõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ æóÞóÑóÁõæÇ ÓõæÑóÉð) .
Èóáú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÑöíóÇÖóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöãöíäó) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: (ßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ(3/254)
ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÚóÏõæÇ íóÊóÍóÏøóËõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö íóÃúãõÑõæäó Ãóäú íóÞúÑóÃó ÑóÌõáñ ÓõæÑóÉð) .
(æóÈóÚúÏóåõ) Ãóíö: ÇáúãóÊúáõæøö¡ (ÇÓúÊóäúÕóÊó) Çáúãõãúáöí - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÇÓúÊóÍúÓóäóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö - Ãóåúáó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö ÍóíúËõ ÇÍúÊöíÌó áöÐóáößó¡ ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö: ( «ÇÓúÊóäúÕöÊö ÇáäøóÇÓó» ) . ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö.
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÅöäúÕóÇÊöåöãú (ÈóÓúãóáóÇ) ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí Ãóíú ÞóÇáó: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö. æóåóÐóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÔóíúÁò íóÞõæáõåõ¡ (ÝóÜ) íóáöíåö (ÇáúÍóãúÏõ) áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ (ÝóÜ) íóáöíåö (ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ) ãóÚó ÇáÓøóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ßõáøõ ÃóãúÑò Ðöí ÈóÇáò áóÇ íõÈúÏóÃõ Ýöíåö ÈöÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö» ) æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò (ÈöÍóãúÏö Çááøóåö) .
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: (æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóíøó) - (Ýóåõæó ÃóÞúØóÚõ) . ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö æóÍóÇÒó ÇáúÃóßúãóáó Ýöí ÝóÖöíáóÊöåóÇ.
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÃóÞúÈóáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí Úóáóì Çáúãõãúáöí (íóÞõæáõ) áóåõ: (ãóäú) ÐóßóÑúÊó ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö (Ãóæú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊó) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÍóÏøóËóßó¿ Ãóæú ãóäú ÓóãöÚúÊó¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÈöÃóíö áóÝúÙóÉò íóÈúÊóÏöÆõ.
áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí (ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö) : ÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóäú ÍóÏøóËóßó¿ Ãóæú ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑóßó¿ Åöäú áóãú íõÞóÏøöãö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÐößúÑó ÃóÍóÏò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÚóÇÏóÉð áöáÓøóáóÝö ãõÓúÊóãöÑøóÉð ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ Ãóæúáóì. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö: íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊó¿ Ãóæú ãóäú ÍóÏøóËóßó¿ .
(æóÇÈúÊóåóáú) Ãóíú: æóÏóÚóÇ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí (áóåõ) Ãóíú: áöáúãõãúáöí ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöÕóæúÊöåö: ÑóÍöãóßó Çááøóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÕúáóÍóßó Çááøóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóßó.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö: æóíóÞõæáõ: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö æóÚóäú æóÇáöÏóíúåö æóÚóäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó. íóÚúäöí Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃóÈóæóíúåö ãóÇ(3/255)
íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó áöÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö: æóÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúßõãú æóÚóäú æóÇáöÏóíúßõãú. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ: áóÇ ÊóÞõáú åóßóÐóÇ. íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÃóäøóåõãóÇ áóãú íóßõæäóÇ ãõÓúáöãóíúäö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö: Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ. ÌóÇÒó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó Çáúãõãúáöí ÞóÏóÑó äóÝúÓöåö. íóÚúäöí áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÞõæãõæÇ Åöáóì ÓóíøöÏößõãú» ) . ÞóÇáó: æóßóÑöåó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ðóáößó. íóÚúäöí áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöØúÑóÇÁö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÚóáóæöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó ÔóíúÎðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊò¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÝõáóÇäò. ÝóäóåóÇäöí Úóäúåõ æóÞóÇáó: Þõáú: æóÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúßó æóÚóäú æóÇáöÏóíúßó. æóÍóÑøóãó ÔóíúÈóÊóßó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö. ÝóÞõáúÊõåóÇ æóåõæó íóÈúßöí.
æóÌóÑóì Ðóáößó áóÂÎóÑó ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊõÚóÙøöãúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÑóÈøöí. ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóßúËóãó: äöáúÊõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇ æóÞóÖóÇ ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö æóÇáúæóÒóÇÑóÉö æóßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÓõÑöÑúÊõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöËúáó Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí: ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊó ÑóÍöãóßó Çááøóåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæäö: ãóÇ ÃóÔúÊóåöí ãöäú áóÐøóÇÊö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏöí¡ æóíóÌöíÁó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ÝóíóÞõæáó: ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊó ÃóÕúáóÍóßó Çááøóåõ. æóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóáøóÇãò ÇáúÌõãóÍöíøö ÞóÇáó: Þöíáó áöáúãóäúÕõæÑö: åóáú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú áóÐøóÇÊö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÔóíúÁñ áóãú Êóäóáúåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÈóÞöíóÊú ÎóÕúáóÉñ ; Ãóäú ÃóÞúÚõÏó Ýöí ãóÕúØóÈóÉò æóÍóæúáöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíóÞõæáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí: ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊó ÑóÍöãóßó Çááøóåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÛóÏóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøõÏóãóÇÁõ æóÃóÈúäóÇÁõ ÇáúæõÒóÑóÇÁö ÈöÇáúãóÍóÇÈöÑö æóÇáÏøóÝóÇÊöÑö ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõãú åõãú¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõãõ ÇáÏøóäöÓóÉõ ËöíóÇÈõåõãú¡ ÇáúãõÊóÔóÞøöÞóÉõ ÃóÑúÌõáõåõãú¡ ÇáØøóæöíáóÉõ ÔõÚõæÑõåõãú. íóÑöÏõ ÇáúÂÝóÇÞó æóäóÞóáóÉó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.(3/256)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æó) ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÊóåóì. Ãóíö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáúãõãúáöí Åöáóì ÐößúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö (Õóáøóì) íóÚúäöí æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãóÑøó Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈðÇ.
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÊóåóì Åöáóì ÐößúÑö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú (ÊóÑóÖøóì) Úóäúåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ÑóÇÝöÚóÇ) ÕóæúÊóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö.
ÒóÇÏó ÛóíúÑõåõ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóÇßó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ æóÌóÏøõåõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøóíúäö. æóÐóßóÑóåõãóÇ ßóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú. æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: (æóÐóßóÑóåõãóÇ) . íóÊóÃóíøóÏõ ãóäú ßóÇäó íõäúßöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó Èöåö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÞõæáõ: æóÚóäú ÃóÈöíåóÇ æóÌóÏøöåóÇ æóÃóÎöíåóÇ. áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúæöíáö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäú Ãóæúåóãó ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö ãöãøóÇ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ ÎöáóÇÝõåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö ÍóÊøóì Ýöí " ÃóÍúãóÏó " æó " ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó " Úóäú Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÊóÇÑößðÇ áöÐóáößó Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú íóÞóÚõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÇáÒøóåúÑóÇÁö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÚöäúÏöí ÊóæóÞøõÝñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áöáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö ÈöÐóáößó ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö æõÞõæÚöåö ãöãøóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÈóÚöíÏñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó - íóÚúäöí ÇáÊøóÑóÖøöíó - ÍóÏöíËõ ÌóÇÈöÑò: «ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊó Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó: (íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÃóÚúØóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäó ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑó) » .
æóÍóÏöíËõ ÃóäóÓò: «ßõäøóÇ ÌõáõæÓðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇãó ÛõáóÇãñ ÝóÃóÎóÐó äóÚúáóåõ¡ ÝóäóÇæóáóåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÑöÖóÇ ÑóÈøößó¡ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúßó) ÞóÇáó:(3/257)
ÝóÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó» .
æóßóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáÊøóÑóÖøöí æóÇáÊøóÑóÍøõãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆõ áöáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó íóæúãðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóßõãõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¿ æóáóãú íóÞõáú: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ: æóáóÇ ÍóÑúÝó ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÑøöÖúæóÇäõ æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÊóÍöÈøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö: ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ. æóáöáäøóÈöíøö: Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÊóÔúÑöíÝðÇ áóåõ æóÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ.
[Íõßúãõ ÐößúÑö ÈóÚúÖö ÃóæúÕóÇÝö ÇáÔøõíõæÎö] :
(æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ) Çáúãõãúáöí (ÊóÑúÌóãó ÇáÔøõíõæÎó) ÇáøóÐöí Ñóæóì Ãóæú ÃóÝóÇÏó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÐößúÑö ÈóÚúÖö ÃóæúÕóÇÝöåöãõ ÇáúÌóãöíáóÉö¡ (æóÏóÚóÇ) ÃóíúÖðÇ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö¡ ÅöÐú åõãú ÂÈóÇÄõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóæõÕúáóÉñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóåõæó ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö áóåõãú æóÈöÑøöåöãú æóÐößúÑö ãóÂËöÑöåöãú æóÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÔõßúÑöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÑóÇåóæóíúåö: Þóáøó áóíúáóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÏúÚõæ ÝöíåóÇ áöãóäú ßóÊóÈó ÚóäøóÇ¡ æóáöãóäú ßóÊóÈúäóÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÞõæáõ: (ÓóãöÚúÊõ Îóáöíáöí ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞõ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: (æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞõ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó: (ËóäóÇ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁõ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ßóÐõæÈò) .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ: (ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáúÍóÈöíÈõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ - ÃóãøóÇ åõæó Åöáóíøó ÝóÍóÈöíÈñ æóÃóãøóÇ åõæó ÚöäúÏöí ÝóÃóãöíäñ - ÚóæúÝõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò) .
æóÞóÇáó ãóÓúÑõæÞñ: (ÍóÏøóËóÊúäöí ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞóÉõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÍóÈöíÈóÉõ ÍóÈöíÈö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÈóÑøóÃóÉõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ) .(3/258)
æóÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò: (ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ. íõÑöíÏõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: (ËóäóÇ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ÎõËóíúãò¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ãóÚóÇÏöäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: (ËóäóÇ ÃóæúËóÞõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóíøõæÈõ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ: (ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÃóíøõæÈõ) .
æóÞóÇáó åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÍóÓøóÇäó: (ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó) .
æóÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: (ËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) .
æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò: (ËóäóÇ ÇáËøöÞóÉõ ÇáÕøóÏõæÞõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæäõ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: (ËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÔóíúÎõäóÇ æóÓóíøöÏõäóÇ) .
æóÞóÇáó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó: (ËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ¡ æóãóÇ áóÞöíÊõ ÃóäúÕóÍó áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÃóåúáöåö ãöäúåõ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó: (ËóäóÇ ãóäú áóãú ÊóÑó ÚóíúäóÇíó ãöËúáóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÇáØøõæÓöíøõ) . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøõ: (ËóäóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ æóåõæó ÃóÌóáøõ ÔóíúÎò áóÞöíÊõåõ. Ýöí ÃóÔúÈóÇåò áöåóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉò) .
æóáúíóÍúÐóÑú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÌóÇæõÒö Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ¡ ßóÃóäøó íóÕöÝóåõ ÈöÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÇÝöÙò ; áöãóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÖøöÑóÑö.
æóßóÐóÇ íõÊóÑúÌöãõ ÔõíõæÎóåõ ÈöÐößúÑö ÃóäúÓóÇÈöåöãú¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ãóäú ÐóßóÑúÊõ. Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÇæöí: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ëõãøó äóÓóÈó ÔóíúÎóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãøóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÈúáõÛó ÈöäóÓóÈöåö ãõäúÊóåóÇåõ¡ ßóÞóæúáö ÔóÇÐóÇäó: ËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ËóæúÑõ Èóäöí Êóãöíãò¡ æóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóÑöíßö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ¡ æóËóäðÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö Íóíøò ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøõ Ëõãøó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ËóæúÑõ åóãúÏóÇäó¡ æóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÃóÈõæ ÈóÓúØóÇãó ãóæúáóì ÇáúÃóÒúÏö¡ æóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó ÇÓúãö ÇáÔøóíúÎö æóßõäúíóÊöåö ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ÅöÚúÙóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóÍúÓóäõ Ýöí ÊóßúÑöãóÊöåö.(3/259)
ÞóÇáó ÚóÈøóÇÓñ ÇáÏøõæÑöíøõ: ÞóáøóãóÇ ÓóãóÚöÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó íõÓóãøöí ÇÈúäó ãóÚöíäò ÈöÇÓúãöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÌöÈõ áöáúÚóÇáöãö ËóáóÇËõ ÎöÕóÇáò: ÊóÎõÕøõåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍöíøóÉö¡ æóÊóÚõãøõåõ ÈöÇáÓøóáóÇãö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞõáú: ËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ. Èóáú Þõáú: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÝõáóÇäò. æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃó Ýóãóáøó áóÇ íóÖúÌóÑú.
æóáöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí (ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö) Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ( «áóÇ ÊõÓóãøö ÃóÈóÇßó ÈöÇÓúãöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóãúÔö ÃóãóÇãóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÌúáöÓú ÞóÈúáóåõ» ) .
æóÚóäú ÔóåúÑö Èúäö ÍóæúÔóÈò ÞóÇáó: (ÎóÑóÌúÊõ ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÓóÇáöãñ: ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏò ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö) .
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóßöäøó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑõ íóÞúÖöí.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ íóÞúÊóÕöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇÓúãö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ïõæäó äóÓóÈöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõåõ áóÇ íõÔúßöáõ¡ æóãóäúÒöáóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö áóÇ ÊõÌúåóáõ¡ ßóÚóÇãøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÍóíúËõ íóÑúæõæäó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇÓúãöåö ÝóÞóØú áóÇ íóäúÓõÈõæäóåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåõ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ØóÈóÞóÊöåö áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóãóÇäö ãöäú ÏõÎõæáö Çáúæóåúãö Ýöí ÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ; ßóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóãöÓúÚóÑò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÔõåúÑóÊöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö Ãóæú ÞóÈöíáóÊöåö æóáóÇ íõÓóãøöíåö¡ ßóÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒñ.
[Íõßúãõ ÐößúÑö ÃóáúÞóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí] :
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ (ÐößúÑõ) ÑóÇæò (ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú áóÞóÈú) ÈöÍóíúËõ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÛóáóÈó Úóáóíúåö (ßóÛõäúÏóÑò) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ äõæäñ¡ áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãóÚó ÌõãúáóÉö ÃóáúÞóÇÈò Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÈöæóÕúÝò áóíúÓó äóÞúÕðÇ Ýöí ÎöáúÞóÊöåö ßóÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö æóÇáÒøõÑúÞóÉö æóÇáÔøõÞúÑóÉö æóÇáÕøõÝúÑóÉö æóÇáØøõæáö.
(Ãóæú æóÕúÝö äóÞúÕò) ßóÇáúÅöÞúÚóÇÏö áöÃóÈöí ãóÚúãóÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóæóáö áöÚóÇÕöãò¡ æóÇáÔøóáóáö áöãóäúÕõæÑò¡ æóÇáúÚóÑóÌö áöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó¡ æóÇáúÚóãóì áöÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóÔö áóÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÚóæóÑö áöåóÇÑõæäó Èúäö(3/260)
ãõæÓóì¡ æóÇáúÞöÕóÑö áóÚöãúÑóÇäó.
(Ãóæú äóÓóÈú áöÃõãøöåö) ßóÇÈúäö Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÈõÍóíúäóÉó¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÈóÑúÕóÇÁö¡ æóíóÚúáóì ÇÈúäö ãõäúíóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ ßóãóäúÕõæÑö ÇÈúäö ÕóÝöíøóÉó¡ æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáö ÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöíãóäú äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöíåö.
(ÝóÌóÇÆöÒñ) Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ (ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú) Ýöí ÇááøóÞóÈö ÅöØúÑóÇÁñ ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝõ Èöåö (íóßúÑóåõåõ ßóÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ãõÕóÛøóÑñ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó ÇáÊøóÈõæÐóßöíøö¡ æóÚõáóíøò - ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÛöíÑö - Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ æóÇÈúäöåö ãõæÓóì¡ æóãóÓúáóãóÉó Èúäö Úõáóíøò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏò ÇáÞóØóæóÇäöíøö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóØóæóÇäöíøö áóÞóÈõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøö Ïóáøóæóíúåö¡ Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÓóãøóÇäöí Ïóáøóæóíóåö áóÇ ÃóÌúÚóáõåõ Ýöí Íöáøò.
æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúÃóÕóãøö ßóÇäó íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇáúÃóÕóãøõ. æóÌõæÒöíøò¡ æóåõæó áóÞóÈñ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÃÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö) ¡ æóßóÇäó ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö íóßúÑóåõåõ¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú (ÝóÕõäú) ÍöíäóÆöÐò äóÝúÓóßó Úóäö ÇáúæõÞõæÚö Ýöíåö æóÇáÑøóÇæöíó(3/261)
Úóäú æóÕúÝöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÅöÐú åõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóËúäóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ Èöäóåúíö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó áÇÈúäó ãóÚöíäò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: Þõáú: ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íõäúÓóÈó Åöáóì Ãõãøöåö. æóáóãú íõÎóÇáöÝúåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: ÞóÈöáúäóÇåõ ãöäúßó íóÇ ãõÚóáøöãó ÇáúÎóíúÑö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÞóÑøó ÇáäøóÇÙöãó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ åõäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö áóÇ ÇááøõÒõæãö. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Ýóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ Ãóæú ãóßúÑõæåñ.
ÞõáúÊõ: Ýóáóæú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ßóÑóÇåóÊóåõ ÊóæóÇÖõÚðÇ áöãóÇ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö Çáäøóæóæöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÓúÊõ ÃóÌúÚóáõ Ýöí Íöáøò ãóäú áóÞøóÈóäöí ãõÍúíöíó ÇáÏøöíäö. ÝóÇáúÃõæáóì ÊóÌóäøõÈõåõ.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ Óóáøóãó Ýöí ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö: ( «ÃóßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðõæ ÇáúíóÏóíúäö» ¿) . æóáöÐóÇ ÊóÑúÌóãó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍöåö) ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ Ãóíú ÈöÃóæúÕóÇÝöåöãú¡ äóÍúæó Þóæúáöåöãõ: ÇáØøóæöíáõ æóÇáúÞóÕöíÑõ¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ôóíúäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðõæ ÇáúíóÏóíúäö¿» ) . ÝóÐóåóÈó Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö ßóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö.
æóÔóÐøó Þóæúãñ ÝóÔóÏøóÏõæÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóæúáõäóÇ: ÍõãóíúÏñ ÇáØøóæöíáõ. ÛöíÈóÉð.
æóßóÃóäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó áóãøóÍó ÈöÐóáößó ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑó ÞöÕøóÉó Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö áöÞóæúáöåö ÝöíåóÇ: æóÝöí ÇáúÞóæúãö ÑóÌõáñ Ýöí íóÏóíúåö Øõæáñ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäóíøöÑö: ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÐößúÑó ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó áöáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö Ýóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöáÊøóäúÞöíÕö áóãú íóÌõÒú.
ÞóÇáó: æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÏóÎóáóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑóÊú ÈöíóÏöåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÕöíÑóÉñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (ÇÛúÊóÈúÊöíåóÇ) . æóÐóáößó ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú(3/262)
ÊóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó ÈóíóÇäðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÕóÏóÊö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó Úóäú ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ ÝóßóÇäó ßóÇáöÇÛúÊöíóÇÈö.
æóãöäú ÃóÏöáøóÉö Çáäøóåúíö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÈóÒõæÇ ÈöÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö} [ÇáÍÌÑÇÊ: 11] . æóßóÇäó äõÒõæáõåóÇ Íöíäó ÞóÏöãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ æóáöáÑøóÌõáö ãöäúåõãõ ÇááøóÞóÈõ æóÇááøóÞóÈóÇäö. æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÐóÇßó Ýöíãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÈöÛóíúÑöåö ÝóáóÇ.
æóÈöåö ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöáóÞóÈöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ åóßóÐóÇ. ÝóÓóåøóáó Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÔõåöÑó Èöåö. æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÕóäöíÚó ÅöãóÇãöäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÕøöÈúÛöíøõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÃóÕóãøö íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö: ÇáúãóÚúÞöáöíøõ äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøöåö ãóÚúÞöáò. æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÃóÕóãøõ. áößóÑóÇåóÊöåö áóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ Åöäú æóÌóÏó ØóÑöíÞðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÚõÏõæáö Úóäö ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÈöãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Èöåö ãöãøóÇ íóßúÑóåõåõ Ýóåõæó Ãóæúáóì.
[ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÃóæúáóÇåõãú] : (æóÇÑúæö Ýöí ÇáúÅöãúáóÇ) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÞóÕúÑö¡ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö (Úóäú ÔõíõæÎò) ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐúÊó Úóäúåõãú Ãóæú Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÊöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ åöíó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ(3/263)
ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÔóíúÎò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÚóÏøõÏõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð.
æóÃóÓúäóÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Úóäú ãóØóÑò ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ãóØóÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÚóÇáöãò æóÇÍöÏò ßóÑóÌõáò áóåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÇÖóÊú ÈóÞöíó.
æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí áóåõ ÔóíúÎñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÏõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÔóíúÎöåö ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ÍóÇÆöÑðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú áóåõ ÒóæúÌóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÞóÏú íóÊøóÝöÞõ ÊóæóÞóÇäõåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøößóÇÍö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÍóíúÖöåóÇ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ÍóÇÆöÑðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÒóæúÌóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ãóæú ÃóãóÉñ¡ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ.
æóÝöí (ãõÚóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáúÃóåúáöíäó) Úóäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: (æóÌóÏúÊõ ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö Åöäú ÒóÇÑóÊú ÒóÇÑó¡ æóÅöäú ÍóÇÖóÊú ÍóÇÖó¡ æóÅöäú äóÝöÓóÊú äóÝöÓó¡ æóßõáøóãóÇ ÇÚúÊóáøóÊö ÇÚúÊóáøó ãóÚóåóÇ ÈöÇäúÊöÙóÇÑöåö áóåóÇ (. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáËøöäúÊóíúäö æóÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáËøóáóÇËö æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æó (ÞóÏøöãö) ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö (ÃóæúáóÇåõãú) Ýöí Úõáõæøö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ íóÚúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÚõáõæøö.
ÒóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Ãóæú Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ íóÚúäöí Åöäö ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ßóÇáúÃóÍúÝóÙö æóÇáúÃóÓóäøö æóÇáäøóÓöíÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÑúæö Úóäú ßóÐøóÇÈò æóáóÇ ãõÊóÙóÇåöÑò ÈöÈöÏúÚóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÈöÝöÓúÞò¡ Èóáö ÇäúÊóÞö áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ËöÞóÇÊö ÔõíõæÎößó ãöãøóäú ÍóÓõäóÊú ØóÑöíÞóÊõåõ æóÙóåóÑóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ¡ æóÚóáóÇ ÓóäóÏõåõ. ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí.
[ÇäúÊöÞóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö æóÝóåúãõ ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö Ýöíåö] : (æóÇäúÊóÞöåö) Ãóíö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÃóÈúáóÛó äóÝúÚðÇ¡ æóÃóÚóãøó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð¡ æóÃóäúÝóÚóåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÝöíÏõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ; ßóÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáÕøöíóÇãö¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÍõÞõæÞö ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÝöí ÍóÏöíËò: ( «ãóÇ ÚõÈöÏó Çááøóåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäú ÝöÞúåò Ýöí Ïöíäò» ) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅöãúáóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉö ÈöÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö(3/264)
æóÇáÏøöíóÇäóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ æóãóÇ íóÍõËøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö.
ÒóÇÏó ÛóíúÑõåõ: æóÇáÊøóÒúåöíÏö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ Ãóäú íóÊóÎóíøóÑó áöÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö æóäóÍúæóåóÇ¡ æóáöáúãõÊóÝóÞøöåóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
(æóÃóÝúåöãö) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö¡ ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó (ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò) Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö Ãóæú ÓóäóÏöåö ; ãöäú ÈóíóÇäò áöãõÌúãóáò Ãóæú ÛóÑóÇÈóÉò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ æóÃóÙúåöÑú ÛóÇãöÖó ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö¡ æóÊóÍóÑøö ÅöíÖóÇÍó Ðóáößó æóÈóíóÇäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóæö ÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáúÊõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöí ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏúÈóÑúÊõ áóßóÊóÈúÊõ ÈöÌóäúÈö ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ. æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó áöáÒøõåúÑöíøö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö: ( «áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú áóØóãó ÇáúÎõÏõæÏó¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú áóãú íõæóÞøöÑú ßóÈöíÑóäóÇ» ) ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãöäó Çááøóåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ¡ æóÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãõ. æóÓóÃóáó ÑóÌõáñ ãóØóÑðÇ Úóäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÍóÏöíËò ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÒóÇãöáóÉñ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ: ÌóÒóÇßó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÒóÇãöáóÉò ÎóíúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßó ãöäú ßõáøö Íõáúæò æóÍóÇãöÖò.
æóÓõÆöáó ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ Úóäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÍóÏöíËò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóíúÊóäóÇ äóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú äõÍóÏøöËó ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó äõÝóÓøöÑõ¿ ! ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú íõäóÈøöåó Úóáóì ÝóÖúáö ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö¡ æóíõÈóíøöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ ãöäú ÃóãúËóÇáöåö æóÐóæöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÏú ßóÊóÈóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúãõÈóÑøóÒöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó¡ äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöíðÇ ÚõáõæøðÇ ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊðÇ ÃóÑúÔóÏó ÈöæóÕúÝöåö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏó ÇáúæóÕúÝó ÈöÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÇæöÊö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãó ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞö(3/265)
ÇáúÚõáõæøö Ôõãõæáõ ÃóÞóáøö ÏóÑóÌóÇÊöåö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÊóãúíöíÒõ ÇáúãõÊóäóÇåöí.
ÞóÇáó: æóßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÇæöíåö ÛóÇíóÉð Ýöí ÇáËøöÞóÉö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöäú Úõíõæäö ÇáÓøõäóäö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóíõÚóíøöäõ ÊóÇÑöíÎó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö¡ æóÊóÝóÑøõÏóåõ ÈöÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóæúäóåõ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚúáõæáðÇ Èóíøóäó ÚöáøóÊóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÇÓúãñ íõÔóÇßöáõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ ÖóÈóØóåõ ÈöÇáúÍõÑõæÝö áöíóÒõæáó ÇáúÅöáúÈóÇÓõ.
(æóáóÇ ÊóÒöÏú Úóäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÎò) ãöäú ÔõíõæÎößó (ÝóæúÞó ãóÊúäò) æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚóãøõ áöáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö æóÃóßúËóÑõ áöáúãóäúÝóÚóÉö.
[ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ ÚóÇáöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÇÌúÊöäóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÔúßöáõ] : (æóÇÚúÊóãöÏú) ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÑúæöíåö (ÚóÇáöíó ÅöÓúäóÇÏò) áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóãöÏú (ÞóÕöíÑó ãóÊúäò) áöãóÒöíÏö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö Ýöíåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò: ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúÞöÕóÇÑõ åöíó ÇááøõÄúáõÄõ. ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáØøóæöíáö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ: ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ ÚößúÑöãóÉõ: ÃóáóÇ ÃõÎúÈöÑõßõãú ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÞöÕóÇÑò ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ( «äóåóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇáÔøõÑúÈö ãöäú Ýóãö ÇáúÞöÑúÈóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÓøöÞóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäú íóãúäóÚó ÌóÇÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÛúÑöÒó ÎóÔóÈóåõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåö» ) . ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó íóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì Ìõãóáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÝóíõäúÒöáó ßõáøó ÌõãúáóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÍõÌúÑò:
æóÙöíÝóÊõäóÇ ãöÇÆóÉñ áöáúÛóÑöíÈö ... Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò Óöæóì ãóÇ íõÚóÇÏõ
ÔóÑöíßöíøóÉñ Ãóæú åõÔóíúãöíøóÉñ ... ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÝöÞúåò ÞöÕóÇÑñ ÌöíóÇÏõ(3/266)
æóßóÇäó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏö ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÔóÑöíßò æóåõÔóíúãò.
(æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö) Ýöí ÅöãúáóÇÁößó (ÇáúãõÔúßöáó) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõåõ ÚõÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóæóÇãøö¡ ßóÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÙóÇåöÑõåóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåó æóÇáÊøóÌúÓöíãó æóÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö æóÇáúÃóÚúÖóÇÁö áöáúÃóÒóáöíøö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ ÕöÍóÇÍðÇ¡ æóáóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ØõÑõÞñ æóæõÌõæåñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ãöäú ÍóÞøöåóÇ ÃóáøóÇ ÊõÑúæóì ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóåúáöåóÇ.
(ÎóæúÝó ÇáúÝóÊúäö) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÝóÇÁö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáÊøóÇÁö ãóÕúÏóÑõ: ÝóÊóäó¡ Ãóíö ; ÇáöÇÝúÊöÊóÇäö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áöÌóåúáö ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ íóÍúãöáõåóÇ Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåóÇ Ãóæú íóÓúÊóäúßöÑõåóÇ ÝóíóÑõÏøõåóÇ æóíõßóÐøöÈõ ÑõæóÇÊöåóÇ æóäóÞóáóÊóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ßóÝóì ÈöÇáúãóÑúÁö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó» ) . æóÞóæúáõ Úóáöíøò: (ÍóÏøöËõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó¡ æóÏóÚõæÇ ãóÇ íõäúßöÑõæäó¡ ÃóÊõÍöÈøõæäó Ãóäú íõßóÐøóÈó Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¿) .
æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: (Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó áóíõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóíóÓúãóÚõåõ ãóäú áóÇ íóÈúáõÛõ ÚóÞúáõåõ Ýóåúãó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýóíóßõæäõ Úóáóíúåö ÝöÊúäóÉð) .
æóÞóæúáõ ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøö: (áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøöËõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ÝóÊóÖõÑøõæåõãú) .
æóÞóæúáõ ãóÇáößò: (ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ¡ æóÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãõ) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (Åöäøó ãöãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøõÏõæÝó Úóäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áöáúÚóæóÇãøö Ãóæúáóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÑøõÎóÕö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóáøóÞóÊú ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝö ÝöíåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíÐö) . Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÅöØúÑóÇÍó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑóÉö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÇáÕøõÏõæÝó Úóäúåõ áóÇÒöãñ¡(3/267)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÍõÝöÙó ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ÊóÌõæÒõ¡ æóäóÞúáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúÙõæÑò.
Ëõãøó Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóäøó ãóÚúäóì ÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó» ) Ãóíú áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú ÊõÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäúåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõãú¡ æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÍóÇáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ËöíóÇÈóåõãú ÊóØõæáõ¡ æóÇáäøóÇÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóäúÒöáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÇäó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: Åöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: (æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó) Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÍóÇáö ; Ãóíú: ÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäúåõãú ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö áóÇ ÍóÑóÌó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Úóäúåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÍõÝöÙó ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ íóÚúäöí: æóÚóäú ÕóÍóÇÈóÊöåö æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ ÊóÌõæÒõ¡ ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäúÊõ Ðóáößó æóÇÖöÍðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöí (ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÃÕóíúáö Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáäøóÞúáö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóáúíóÌúÊóäöÈú ãóÇ ÔóÌóÑó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóíõãúÓößú Úóäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãú ; áöÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ýöí (ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáäøõÌõæãö) ¡ ÑóÝóÚóåõ: (ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÝóÃóãúÓößõæÇ) . æóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÚóÏöíøò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÒóíúÏñ ÇáúÚóãøöíøõ: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÔóíúÎðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ ßõáøõåõãú íõÍóÏøöËõæäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ãóäú ÃóÍóÈøó ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí æóÊóæóáøóÇåõãú æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó áóåõãú(3/268)
ÌóÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ãóÚóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ: áóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö áóåõãú¡ æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÓóíõÍúÏöËõæäó ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËõæÇ. æóÚóäö ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö Èúäö ÍóæúÔóÈò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÞõæáõ áöÈóÚúÖöåöãõ: ÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ãóÍóÇÓöäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ; áöÊóÃúÊóáöÝó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ.
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóíóÓøóÑõ áöáúãõãúáöí ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ æóäóÝúíðÇ ; ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÏú ÈößöÊóÇÈò ãóÎúÕõæÕò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌö (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßö) æó (ÃóãóÇáöí ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøö) ¡ æóÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö æó (ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö) æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ - æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö - ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÃóÕúáöåö¡ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóÇ íóäúåóÖõ áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóæöíóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈóÑóÇÚóÊõåõ¡ æóÇÊøóÓóÚóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÇáúãõæóÝøöÞõ.
[ÎóÊúãõ ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö æóÇáäøóæóÇÏöÑö] :
(æóÇÓúÊõÍúÓöäó) áöáúãõãúáöí (ÇáúÅöäúÔóÇÏõ) ÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúãõÑóÞøóÞõ (Ýöí ÇáúÃóæóÇÎöÑö) ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÌúáöÓò (ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö) ÇááøóØöíÝóÉö (ãóÚó ÇáäøóæóÇÏöÑö) ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõäóÇÓöÈóÉð áöãóÇ ÃóãúáóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ ÝóÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íõäúÔöÏõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú äóÙúãöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÈóæøóÈó áóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö¡ æóÓóÇÞó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÞõÑöÆó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞõÑúÂäñ¡ æóÃõäúÔöÏó ÔöÚúÑñ¡ ÝóÞöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÞõÑúÂäñ æóÔöÚúÑñ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓößó¿ ÞóÇáó: (äóÚóãú) » .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ íõäúÔöÏõåõ ÇáÔøöÚúÑó¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Ãóæö ÇáÔøöÚúÑõ¿ ! ÝóÞóÇáó: (íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÑøóÉð æóåóÐóÇ ãóÑøóÉð) » . æóÚóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ÑóæøöÍõæÇ ÇáúÞõáõæÈó¡(3/269)
æóÇÈúÊóÛõæÇ áóåóÇ ØóÑóÝó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö) . æóÚóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: åóÇÊõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÔúÚóÇÑößöãú¡ åóÇÊõæÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËößõãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃõÐõäó ãóÌøóÇÌóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÞóáúÈõ ÍóãúÖñ.
æóÚóäú ßóËöíÑö Èúäö ÃóÝúáóÍó ÞóÇáó: ÂÎöÑõ ãóÌúáöÓò ÌóÇáóÓúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ËóÇÈöÊò ÊóäóÇÔóÏúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáÔøöÚúÑó. æóÚóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöÃÍóÇÏöíËó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ: ÎõÐõæÇ Ýöí ÃóÈúÒóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊö. æóÚóäú ãóÇáößö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍößóÇíóÇÊõ ÊõÍóÝõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö.
æóÓóÇÞó ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞõáõæÈõ Êóãóáøõ ßóãóÇ Êóãóáøõ ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇäõ¡ ÝóÇØúáõÈõæÇ áóåóÇ ØóÑóÇÆöÝó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝóÇÖó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÓøõäóäö ÞóÇáó áöãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ: ÃóÍúãöÖõæÇ ÈöäóÇ¡ Ãóíú: ÎõæÖõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøöÚúÑö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö.
[ÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÕöÑö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì] :
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÇÌöÒö¡ (æóÅöäú íõÎóÑøöÌú áöáÑøõæóÇÉö) ÇáøóÐöíäó áóíúÓõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÚöáóáöåö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æõÌõæåöåö æóØõÑõÞöåö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö Úõáõæãöåö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö æóáóßöäøóåõãú ÚóÌóÒõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö æóÇáÊøóÝúÊöíÔö ; ÅöãøóÇ áößöÈóÑö Óöäøò æóÖóÚúÝö ÈóÏóäò ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöáäøóÇÙöãö Ýöí ÅöãúáóÇÁöåö ÈöÂÎöÑöåö áöÐóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÎóÑøóÌóåõ áóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöØõÑõæøö Úóãðì æóäóÍúæöåö¡ (ãõÊúÞöäõ) ãöäú ÍõÝøóÇÙö æóÞúÊöåöãú (ãóÌóÇáöÓó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö) ÇáøóÊöí íõÑöíÏõæäó ÅöãúáóÇÁóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóãóÇ íóáúÍóÞõ ÈöåóÇ.
ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÓõÄóÇáò ãöäúåõãú áóåõ Ãóæö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ (Ýóåúæó ÍóÓóäõ) ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÞóÇÕöÑö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚöíäó ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÍõÝøóÇÙö æóÞúÊöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÈöÔúÑóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÓøóÑøóÇÌö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú(3/270)
íóÓúÊóÚöíäõæäó Èöãóäú íõÎóÑøöÌõ áóåõãú.
(æóáóíúÓó ÈöÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö Íöíäó íóßúãõáõ Ûöäðì Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑúÖö) æóÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö (áöÜ) ÅöÕúáóÇÍö (ÒóíúÛò) ¡ Ãóæú ØõÛúíóÇäö Þóáóãò (íóÍúÕõáõ) ; íóÚúäöí: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóÇÌöÈóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåóÇ ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáö áöáÔøõÑõæØö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøóãóÉö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áößóËúÑóÉö ãóäú íóßúÊõÈõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁó ãöãøóäú áóÇ íõÍúÓöäõ åóãøó Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó Èößõáøö ÌóÇäöÈò æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÝóäøö ÅöáúãóÇãñ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ; áöíóÎúÊóÈöÑó ßöÊóÇÈóÊóåõãú æóíõÑóÇÌöÚõæäóåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó.
æóÇáÊøóÈúßöíÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÌúáöÓö Ãóæúáóì¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáÔøöÊóÇÁö ÝóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÕúÈöÑó ÓóÇÚóÉð ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÊóÝöÚó ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ.
æóÇÓúÊõÍöÈøó áöáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáÓøóÈúÞõ ÈöÇáúãóÌöíÁö ; áöÆóáøóÇ íóÝõæÊóåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÊóÔõÞøõ ÅöÚóÇÏóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÈößóÑóÇåóÉö ÊóßúÑöíÑö ãóÇÖöíåö¡ æóÇÓúÊöËúÞóÇáö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö áöÝóÇÆöÊöåö æóãõäúÞóÖöíåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ: ãóäú ÛóÇÈó ÎóÇÈó¡ æóÃóßóáó äóÕöíÈóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ¡ æóáóãú äõÚöÏú áóåõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: äóÞúáõ ÇáÕøóÎúÑö Ãóåúæóäõ ãöäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó äóÝúØóæóíúåö íõÎóÇØöÈõ ËóÞöíáðÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúíóÇÊò:
Îóáò ÚóäøóÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÝöíäóÇ ... æóÇæõ ÚóãúÑòæ æóßóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÚóÇÏö
æóÏóÎóáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö æóÞúÊó ÇáöÇäúÕöÑóÇÝö¡ ÝóÃóäúÔóÃó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ íóÞõæáõ:
æóáóÇ íóÑöÏõæäó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÔöíøóÉð ... ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÏóÑó ÇáúæõÑøóÇÏõ Úóäú ßõáøö ãóäúåóáò
æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóáúÞñ íóÈöíÊõæäó áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ÈöãóÍóáøö ÌõáõæÓöåö ; ÍöÑúÕðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÊóÎóæøõÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÊö.(3/271)
[ÂÏóÇÈõ ØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö]
[ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö]
(713) æóÃóÎúáöÕö ÇáäøöíøóÉó Ýöí ØóáóÈößóÇ ... æóÌöÏøó æóÇÈúÏóÃú ÈöÚóæóÇáöí ãöÕúÑößóÇ
(714) æóãóÇ íõåöãøõ Ëõãøó ÔõÏøó ÇáÑøóÍúáóÇ ... áöÛóíúÑöåö æóáóÇ ÊóÓóÇåóáú ÍóãúáðÇ
(715) æóÇÚúãóáú ÈöãóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ... æóÇáÔøóíúÎó ÈóÌøöáúåõ æóáóÇ ÊóËóÇÞóáö
(716) Úóáóíúåö ÊóØúæöíáðÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÖúÌóÑõ ... æóáóÇ Êóßõäú íóãúäóÚõßó ÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑõ
(717) Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíóÇ Úóäú ØóáóÈò æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö ... ßóÊúãó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö Ýóåúæó áõÄúãñ æóÇßúÊõÈö
(718) ãóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ÚóÇáöíðÇ æóäóÇÒöáðÇ ... áóÇ ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÕöíÊðÇ ÚóÇØöáðÇ
(719) æóãóäú íóÞõáú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊó ÞóãøöÔú ... Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóíúÊóåõ ÝóÝóÊøöÔú
(720) ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÐóÇ æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Êóãøöãö ... ÓóãóÇÚóåõ áóÇ ÊóäúÊóÎöÈúåõ ÊóäúÏóãö
(721) æóÅöäú íóÖöÞú ÍóÇáñ Úóäö ÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈöåö ... áöÚóÇÑöÝò ÃóÌóÇÏó Ýöí ÇäúÊöÎóÇÈöåö
(722) Ãóæú ÞóÕõÑó ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó ÐóÇ ÍöÝúÙò ÝóÞóÏú ... ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ãóäú áóåõ íõÚöÏú
(723) æóÚóáøóãõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÅöãøóÇ ÎóØøóÇ ... Ãóæú åóãúÒóÊóíúäö Ãóæú ÈöÕóÇÏò Ãóæú ØóÇ
(724) æóáóÇ Êóßõäú ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Ãóäú ÊóÓúãóÚóÇ ... æóßóÊúÈóåõ ãöäú Ïõæäö Ýóåúãò äóÝóÚóÇ
[ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáäøöíøóÉö æóÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö] :
(ÂÏóÇÈõ ØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) Óöæóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó: (æóÃóÎúáöÕö) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ÇáäøöíøóÉó) áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó (Ýöí ØóáóÈößóÇ) áöáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÇáäøóÝúÚõ Èöåö æóÈöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö Èöåö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÕóÝúÍðÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö ; áöÊóÓúáóãó ãöäú ÛóæóÇÆöáó ÇáúÃóãúÑóÇÖö¡ æóÏóÓóÇÆöÓó ÇáúÃóÚúæóÇÖö ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóåõ ãóÚó ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí åõäóÇ.
æóÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÊóÒúÏóÇÏõ(3/272)
ÚöáúãðÇ æóÔóÑóÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑóíúäö¡ æóÇÊøóÞö ÇáúãõÝóÇÎóÑóÉó Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúãõÈóÇåóÇÉó Èöåö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÕúÏõßó ãöäú ØóáóÈößó äóíúáó ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö æóÇáúæóÙóÇÆöÝö¡ æóÇÊøöÎóÇÐó ÇáúÃóÊúÈóÇÚö¡ æóÚóÞúÏó ÇáúãóÌóÇáöÓö.
ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ: ãóäú ÊóÚóáøóãó ÚöáúãðÇ íõÑöíÏõ Èöåö æóÌúåó Çááøóåö æóÇáÏøóÇÑó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ÂÊóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ Èúäõ íõæäõÓó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøö: ãóäú ØóáóÈó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó áöáøóåö ÔóÑõÝó æóÓóÚöÏó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóØúáõÈúåõ áöáøóåö ÎóÓöÑó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ãóäú ÊóÚóáøóãó ÚöáúãðÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÈúÊóÛóì Èöåö æóÌúåõ Çááøóåö áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóãõåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöíõÕöíÈó Èöåö ÚóÑóÖðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóãú íóÌöÏú ÚóÑúÝó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö - Ãóíú: ÑöíÍóåóÇ - íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» ) . æóÞöíáó áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ãóäó ÇáúÛóæúÛóÇÁõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó íóÊóÃóßøóáõæäó Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÓó. æóÚóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áöÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ãóßóÑó Èöåö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò: ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÎóÝøó ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇÓúÊóÎóÝøó Èöåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ. æóÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú ÈöØóáóÈöåö áöáúÍõÌøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÕúãö¡ áóÇ áöáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÖúãõæäöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÛóíúÑö äöíøóÉò Ãóäú áóÇ íóäúÊóÝöÚó Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó(3/273)
ÃóÈõæ íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÈóÓúØóÇãöíøõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöãøóäú íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑó Èöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ØóáóÈóåõ áöíõÒóíøöäó Èöåö äóÝúÓóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÒúÏóÇÏõ Èöåö ÈõÚúÏðÇ Úóäö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö.
æóÓóÃóáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ äõÌóíúÏò ÃóÈóÇ ÚóãúÑòæ Èúäó ÍóãúÏóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó: ÈöÃóíö äöíøóÉò ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóáóÓúÊõãú ÊóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÊóäúÒöáõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ¿ .
ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡.
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÃúÓõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúßó äöíøóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö¡ æóÚóÒóãúÊó Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóßöÊóÇÈóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÏöíÏó áöÐóáößó ÈöÓöäøò ãóÎúÕõæÕò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ÇáúÝóåúãõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí (ãóÊóì íóÕöÍøõ ÊóÍóãøõáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¿) ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊõÞóÏøöãó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäú íõæóÝøöÞóßó Ýöíåö¡ æóíõÚöíäóßó Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÇÏöÑú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ (æóÌöÏøó) ÈößóÓúÑö Ãóæøóáöåö¡ Ýöí ÇáØøóáóÈö¡ æóÇÍúÑöÕú Úóáóíúåö ÈöÏõæäö ÊóæóÞøõÝò æóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑò¡ Ýóãóäú ÌóÏøó æóÌóÏó¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò: áóÇ íõÓúÊóØóÇÚõ ÈöÑóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÌöÓúãö.
ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÇÍúÑöÕú Úóáóì ãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚöäú ÈöÇááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÌóÒú» ) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ( «ÇáÊøõÄóÏóÉõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÎóíúÑñ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí Úóãóáö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö» ) .(3/274)
æóãöäú ÃóÈúáóÛö ãóÇ íõÍúßóì Úóäö ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáõ ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäó ÔóÈöíÈò: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó íóÒöíÏó Èúäó åóÇÑõæäó ÝóÇÒúÏóÍóãó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó ÕóÈöíøñ ÊóÍúÊó ÃóÞúÏóÇãö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó íóÒöíÏõ: ÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó¡ æóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ãóÇ ÍóÇáõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ ÝóäóÙóÑõæÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÍóÏóÞóÊóÇåõ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ÒöÏúäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó íóÒöíÏõ: ÅöäøóÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó¡ ÞóÏú äóÒóáó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõáóÇãö ãóÇ äóÒóáó æóåõæó íóØúáõÈõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó.
æóÇãúÊóåöäú äóÝúÓóßó ÈöÇáÊøóÞóäøõÚö æóÎõÔõæäóÉö ÇáúÚóíúÔö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ; ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: áóÇ íóØúáõÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÇáÊøóãóáøõßö æóÚöÒøö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÝóíõÝúáöÍó¡ æóáóßöäú ãóäú ØóáóÈóåõ ÈöÐöáøóÉö ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÖöíÞö ÇáúÚóíúÔö æóÎöÏúãóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ÃóÝúáóÍó.
[ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö æóÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö áöáúÍóÏöíËö] :
(æóÇÈúÏóÃú ÈöÜ) ÃóÎúÐö (ÚóæóÇáöí) ÔõíõæÎö (ãöÕúÑößóÇ) ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÝóßøó Úóäú ãõáóÇÒóãóÊöåöãú æóÇáúÚõßõæÝö Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÓúÊóæúÝöíóåóÇ¡ (æó) ÇÈúÏóÃú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÜ (ãóÇ íõåöãøõ) ÈöÖóãøö Ãóæøóáöåö¡ ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÛóíúÑöåö ; ßóÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ Ýóãóäú ÔóÛóáó äóÝúÓóåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó - ÈöÛóíúÑö Çáúãõåöãøö ÃóÖóÑøó ÈöÇáúãõåöãøö.
æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóæóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãú ÝóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú ÊóÊóÎóíøóÑó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó ãöäúåõãú ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö¡ æóÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú Èóíúäöåöãú ÈöÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö Ýöíåö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÓóÇæóæúÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÊóÎóíøóÑó ÇáúÃóÔúÑóÇÝó æóÐóæöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö ãöäúåõãú ; áöÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÞóÏøöãõæÇ ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ æóáóÇ(3/275)
ÊóÞóÏøóãõæåóÇ» ) ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÓóÇæóæúÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÃóÓóäøõ ; áöÍóÏöíËö: ( «ßóÈøöÑú ßóÈøöÑú» ) .
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÆößó ÃóÎúÐó ãóÇ ÈöÈóáóÏößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ æóÊóãóåøõÑößó Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Èöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈößó ÈöÇÞöíó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ãöãøóäú ÞóäöÚúÊó ÚóãøóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãú ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõãú áöãóÇ Þóáøó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÝõæÊõßó ãöäú ßõáøò ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøöåóÇ æóÔõíõæÎöåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÝóäøö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö Èöåö ãöäúåõãú¡ (ÔõÏøó ÇáÑøóÍúáóÇ) ¡ Ãóæö ÇÑúßóÈö ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ÍóíúËõ ÛóáóÈóÊö ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉõ Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæö ÇãúÔö ÍóíúËõ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊó ÈöáóÇ ãóÒöíÏö ãóÔóÞøóÉò¡ (áöÛóíúÑöåö) ; Ãóíú: áöÛóíúÑö ãöÕúÑößó ãöäó ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö æóÇáúÞõÑóì ; áöÊóÌúãóÚó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÊóíúäö ãöäú Úõáõæøö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö¡ æóÚöáúãö ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö.
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÌúãóÚõ Úöáúãó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóì Úöáúãöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ÕóÇÍöÈö Úöáúãò ÛóÑúËóÇäõ» ) .
æóÚóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÞóäöÚó ÈöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú ÓóÚóÉó ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÄúäöÓõ ãöäúåõãú ÑõÔúÏðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãöäúåõãú: ÑóÌõáñ íóßúÊõÈõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏöåö æóáóÇ íóÑúÍóáõ. æóÓóÃóáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÃóÈóÇåõ: åóáú ÊóÑóì áöØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäú íóáúÒóãó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ Úöáúãñ ÝóíóßúÊõÈó Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú íóÑúÍóáó Åöáóì ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÝóíóÓúãóÚó ÝöíåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: íóÑúÍóáõ ÝóíóßúÊõÈõ Úóäö ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó æóÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóãóßøóÉó¡ íõÔóÇãøõ ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúåõãú.
æóÞöíáó áöÃóÍúãóÏó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÃóíóÑúÍóáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóáóì æóÇááøóåö ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÚóáúÞóãóÉõ(3/276)
æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ íóÈúáõÛõåõãóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÝóáóÇ íõÞúäöÚõåõãóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÑõÌóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóíóÓúãóÚóÇäöåö ãöäúåõ. æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÃóßøóÏñ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúÊó Ãóäøó Ëóãøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÈóáóÏößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ãóæú ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÚõáõæøö æóäóÍúæöåö.
Èóáú ÞóÏú íóÌöÈõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÔóÑóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÊöãøö ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáõ ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÝöí ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÈöÚõáõæãö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö. æóíõÑúæóì Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ÇØúáõÈõæÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóáóæú ÈöÇáÕøöíäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò» ) . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ãõØöíÚò ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÞóÇáó: ÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Åöáóì ÏóÇæõÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäö ÇÊøóÎöÐú äóÚúáóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ æóÚóÕðì ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ æóÇØúáõÈö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÍóÊøóì ÊóäúßóÓöÑó ÇáúÚóÕóì æóÊóäúÎóÑöÞó ÇáäøóÚúáóÇäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ ÛóÇäöãò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö: æóÇááøóåö áóæú ÑóÍóáúÊõãú Ýöí ØóáóÈöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö áóßóÇäó ÞóáöíáðÇ. æóÞöÕøóÉõ ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí áöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÎóÖöÑö¡ Èóáú Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóæúáóÇ äóÝóÑó ãöäú ßõáøö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áöíóÊóÝóÞøóåõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ Þóæúãóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} [ÇáÊæÈÉ: 122](3/277)
ãöäú ÔóæóÇåöÏöåö.
æóßóÝóì ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ãóäú Óóáóßó ØóÑöíÞðÇ íóáúÊóãöÓõ Ýöíåö ÚöáúãðÇ Óóåøóáó Çááøóåõ áóåõ Èöåö ØóÑöíÞðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» ) ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ÇáÓøóÇÆöÍõæäó¡ ÞóÇáó: åõãú ØóáóÈóÉõ ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÃóÏúåóãó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÏúÝóÚõ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúÈóáóÇÁó ÈöÑöÍúáóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÞóÇáó ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Èößó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÈöÑöÍúáóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÏóÚóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ.
æóÑóÍóáó ÌóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃõäóíúÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÓöíÑóÉó ÔóåúÑò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÑóÍóáó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÞöáóÇÈóÉó: áóÞóÏú ÃóÞóãúÊõ ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíúÇãò¡ ãóÇ áöí ÍóÇÌóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ íóÞúÏóãõ ÝóÃóÓúãóÚõåõ ãöäúåõ.
æóÞóÇáó(3/278)
ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò: ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÑúÍóáõ ÝöíãóÇ ÏõæäóåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: áóæú ÃóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ãöäøöí áóÑóÍóáúÊõ Åöáóíúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö: ßõäøóÇ äóÓúãóÚõ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóáóÇ äóÑúÖóì ÍóÊøóì ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÓóãöÚúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú.
æóáóãú íóÒóáö ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÇáúÎóáóÝõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö íóÚúÊóäõæäó ÈöÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö. æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÇãóåõÑúãõÒöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÝóÇÕöáö) Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÌóåóáóÉö Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÌóæóÇÒöåóÇ ÔóÇÐøñ ãóåúÌõæÑñ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÞúÊóÝóíúÊõ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÃóËóÑóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ãóäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÑö ßóÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö ÈóÞóÇíóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑöíäó¡ æóãóÇ ÈóÞöíó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú Óöäöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÈöíóÞöíäò.
æóÍóíúËõ æõÌöÏó æóÑóÍóáúÊó ÝóÈóÇÏöÑú ÝöíåóÇ áöáöÞóÇÁö ãóäú íõÎúÔóì ÝóæúÊõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÊóæóÇäó ÝóÊóäúÏóãó ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö Ýöí ãóæúÊö ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÞóÕóÏõæåõ ÈöÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóì ÈóáóÏöåö¡ æóÇÞúÊóÏö ÈöÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö ÇáúÃóÕúÝóåóÇäöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÇÚóÉó æõÕõæáöåö Åöáóì ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÔõÛúáñ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãõÖöíøó áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÈóØöÑö¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÚöáøóÊöåö ÈöÏóãóÇãöíáó ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ãóÞúÚóÏóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáÑøõßõæÈö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÕóÇÑó íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ãõÊøóßöÆñ ; áöáúÎóæúÝö ãöäú ÝóÞúÏöåö ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÑúÍõæáó Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö.
æóáóãøóÇ ÑóÍóáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÔøóÇãöíøóÉö ÞóÕóÏó ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁó ÈöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ; áöíóÃúÎõÐó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøö Óõäóäó ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú ; áößóæúäöåö ÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÈóáóÛóåõ - æóåõæó ÈöÇáÑøóãúáóÉö - ãóæúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÚóÑóÌó Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÏöãöÔúÞó ; áößóæúäöåóÇ(3/279)
ÈóÚúÏó ÝóæóÇÊöåö Ãóåóãøó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏñ: ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÝóÖúáö: ÓóÃóáúÊõ íóÍúíóì Èúäó ãóÚöíäò Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÌóáóÓó Åöáóíøó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ Èöåö ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈößó¡ ÝóÞõãúÊõ áöÃõÎúÑöÌó ßöÊóÇÈöí¡ ÝóÞóÈóÖó Úóáóì ËóæúÈöí Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Ãóãúáöåö Úóáóíøó ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóáúÞóÇßó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóãúáóíúÊõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌúÊõ ßöÊóÇÈöí ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÇÍúÐóÑú ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÏóÑóÉö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊóÑúÊóßöÈõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáúÍöÑúãóÇäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Íõßöíó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú æóÇÝóì ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó áöíóÓúãóÚó ãöäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó æóíõßúËöÑó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÕóÇÏóÝó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓó ÞóÏö ÇäúÞóÖóì¡ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ ÝóÈóÇÏóÑó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÌöíÁö Åöáóíúåö ÝóæóÌóÏó ÇáúÈóÇÈó ãóÝúÊõæÍðÇ¡ ÝóÍóãóáóåõ ÇáÔøóÑóåõ Úóáóì Ãóäú ÏóÎóáó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäò¡ ÝóÑóÂåõ ÌóÇáöÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÇáõæÚóÉö íóÈõæáõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú¡ ÑóÌõáñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÞóÏöãúÊõ ãöäú ÈóáóÏò ÈóÚöíÏò ÊõÍóÏøöËõäöí ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúÙóãó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ åóÐóÇ ÏóÎóáúÊó ãóäúÒöáöí ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäöí¡ æóÊõßóáøöãõäöí æóÃóäóÇ Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÊóÃóÎøóÑú Úóäøöí ÍóÊøóì ÃõÕúáöÍó ãöäú ÔóÃúäöí¡ Ýóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÍö¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉõ ãõãúÓößñ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö áöíóÓúÊóÈúÑöÆó¡ ÝóáóãúÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÇßúÊõÈú: ËóäóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö¡ Úóäú ÑöÈúÚöíøö Èúäö ÍöÑóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «Åöäøó ãöãøóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÓúÊóÍö ÝóÇÕúäóÚú ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó» ) ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó:(3/280)
æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõßó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊõ ÞóæúãðÇ Êóßõæäõ Ýöíåöãú¡ ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇÓúáõßú ãóÇ ÓóáóßúÊóåõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏößó ãöäó ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÃóåóãøö ÝóÇáúÃóåóãøö¡ æóáóÇ Êóßõäú ßóãóäú ÑóÍóáó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãö Åöáóì ãöÕúÑó ÝóÞóÑóÃó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ãõÓúäöÏö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÚöÒøö Èúäö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊö ÇáøóÐöí ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ Ýöíåö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö ÛóíúÑõåõ (ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö) áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöÒøö Èúäö ÌõãóÇÚóÉó áöÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö ÇáúÈóÏúÑö¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäö Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏóíö ÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö ãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÏúÑö¡ Èóáú æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÈóáóÏöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÍóáó ãöäúåóÇ.
æóáóÇ íóÊóÔóÇÛóáú Ýöí ÇáúÛõÑúÈóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ áöÃóÌúáöåö¡ ÝóÔóåúæóÉõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - áóÇ ÊóäúÊóåöí¡ æóÇáäøóåúãóÉõ ãöäó ÇáØøóáóÈö áóÇ ÊóäúÞóÖöí¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ßóÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÐøóÑö ßóíúáõåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏöäö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóäúÞóØöÚõ äóíúáõåóÇ.
ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ãõÕóÇÍóÈóÊößó ÇáÊøóÍóÑøöíó Ýöí ÇáÖøóÈúØö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞóáøöÏú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö¡ (æóáóÇ ÊóÓóÇåóáú ÍóãúáðÇ) ; Ãóíú: æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÓóÇåóáú Ýöí ÇáúÍóãúáö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊõÎöáøõ ÈöãóÇ Úóáóíúßó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúãõÊóÓóÇåöáõ ãóÑúÏõæÏñ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÚóÔóÑó ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóäú ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ æóãóäú ÊõÑóÏøõ.
[ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÊóæúÞöíÑõ ÇáÔøöíæúÎö] (æóÇÚúãóáú ÈöãóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ) ÈöÈóáóÏößó æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí íóÓõæÛõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ (Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö) æóÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈóÇÊö ; áöÍóÏöíËò ãõÑúÓóáò: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ãóÇ íóäúÝöí Úóäøöí ÍõÌøóÉó ÇáúÚöáúãö¿ ÞóÇáó: (ÇáúÚóãóáõ) » .
æóáöÞóæúáö ãóÇáößö(3/281)
Èúäó ãöÛúæóáò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÈóÐõæåõ æóÑóÇÁó ÙõåõæÑöåöãú} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 187] ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÊóÑóßõæÇ ÇáúÚóãóáó Èöåö. æóáöÞóæúáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÈóÛöí áöáÑøóÌõáö ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÔóíúÆðÇ Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íóÊóãóÓøóßó Èöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈõ ËõÈõæÊöåö æóÍöÝúÙöåö æóäõãõæøöåö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Ýöíåö Åöáóíúåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ æóæóßöíÚñ: ßõäøóÇ äóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÒóÇÏó æóßöíÚñ: æóßõäøóÇ äóÓúÊóÚöíäõ Ýöí ØóáóÈöåö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÍóßóÇåõãóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö) .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÌõãúáóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäúåõ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö æóßöíÚò Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ãõÌóãøöÚö Èúäö ÌóÇÑöíóÉó. æóáöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚöáúãõ íóåúÊöÝõ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÌóÇÈó æóÅöáøóÇ ÇÑúÊóÍóáó. æóíõÑúæóì Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ãóäú Úóãöáó ÈöãóÇ Úóáöãó ÃóæúÑóËóåõ Çááøóåõ Úöáúãó ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú» ) .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÞóÇáó: ãóäú Úóãöáó ÈöÚõÔúÑö ãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ Úóáøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ íóÌúåóáõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ Úóãöáó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöãóÇ Úóáøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ. æóÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÇáúãõáóÇÆöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ(3/282)
ÈóáóÛóßó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÝóÇÚúãóáú Èöåö æóáóæú ãóÑøóÉð Êóßõäú ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö.
æóÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÃóÐúßóÇÑö) : íóäúÈóÛöí áöãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó Èöåö æóáóæú ãóÑøóÉð ; áöíóßõæäó ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöíó Ãóäú íóÊúÑõßóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú íóÃúÊöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó ãöäúåõ ; áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑúÊõßõãú ÈöÔóíúÁò ÝóÇÝúÚóáõæÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõãú» ) .
ÞõáúÊõ: æóíõÑúæóì Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÍóÏöíËñ ãóÑúÝõæÚñ¡ áóÝúÙõåõ: ( «ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ Úóäö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÔóíúÁñ Ýöíåö ÝóÖöíáóÉñ ÝóÃóÎóÐó Èöåö ÅöíãóÇäðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÑóÌóÇÁó ËóæóÇÈöåö¡ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó» ) . æóáóåõ ÔóæóÇåöÏõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÝöíÝò: (ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú Óõäóäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáúÊõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóáóì ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕóÇÈöÚö¡ æóåöíó ÕóÚúÈóÉñ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ: ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÚóãöáúÊõ Èöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ãóÑøó Èöí Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó «ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÍúÊóÌóãó æóÃóÚúØóì ÃóÈóÇ ØóíúÈóÉó ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ» ¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóíúÊõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇãó ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ Íöíäó ÇÍúÊóÌóãúÊõ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇÓúãõ ÃóÈöí ØóíúÈóÉó ÏöíäóÇÑñ¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ. æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÚöÕúãóÉó ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÚöÕóÇãò ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÈöÊøõ áóíúáóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóæóÖóÚóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ(3/283)
ÃóÕúÈóÍó äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö! ÑóÌõáñ íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó áóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõ æöÑúÏñ ÈöÇááøóíúáö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉò: ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÚóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: Åöäö ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊó Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÍõßú ÑóÃúÓóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóËóÑò ÝóÇÝúÚóáú¡ æóÕóáøóì ÑóÌõáñ ãöãøóäú íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÌóäúÈö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò Ýóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚú íóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãúÇ Óóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Ãóáóãú ÊóßúÊõÈú Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÑúÝóÚõ íóÏóíúåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÊóßúÈöíÑóÉò» ¡ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ áöÑóÈøößó ÅöÐóÇ áóÞöíóßó Ýöí ÊóÑúßößó áöåóÐóÇ æóÚóÏóãö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö¿ .
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóãúÏóÇäó Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøö¡ ÝóáóãúÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÙøõåúÑõ æóÃóÐøóäó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÎóÑóÌúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Åöáóì Ãóíúäó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÊóØóåøóÑõ áöáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ (1) ßóÇäó Ùóäøöí Èößó ÛóíúÑó åóÐóÇ¡ íóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúßó æóÞúÊõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÃóäúÊó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ØóåóÇÑóÉò.
æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÍóãúÏóÇäó ÞóÇáó: Õóáøóì ÈöäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó áóíúáóÉð ÈöãóÓúÌöÏöåö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÅöÒóÇÑñ æóÑöÏóÇÁñ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÉõ¡ Ãóåõæó ãõÍúÑöãñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ íóÓúãóÚõ ãöäøöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑøóÌúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøóÊú Èöåö ÓõäøóÉñ áóãú íóßõäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáóåóÇ Ýöí íóæúãöåö æóáóíúáóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíøó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Õóáøóì Ýöí ÅöÒóÇÑò æóÑöÏóÇÁò¡ ÝóÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú(3/284)
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áóßöäú ÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáÓøõáóíúãóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö (ÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóì ØóáóÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÇáúÎõæóÇÑóÒúãöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÞõáúÊõ: ÅöäøóãóÇ äóØúáõÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóáóÓúäóÇ äóÚúãóáõ Èöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÃóíõ Úóãóáò ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö. æóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó äóÍúæõåõ Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú: Åöáóì ãóÊóì ÊóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö.
(æóÇáÔøóíúÎó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö (ÈóÌøöáúåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÚóÙøöãúåõ æóÇÍúÊóÑöãúåõ æóæóÞøöÑúåõ ; áöÞóæúáö ØóÇæõæÓò: ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóäú íõæóÞøóÑó ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ¡ Èóáú áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú áóãú íõæóÞøöÑú ßóÈöíÑóäóÇ» ) ¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøóåõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúæóÇáöÏö æóÃóÚúÙóãõ.
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æóÞóÇáó ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÌúáöÓõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö ËóáóÇËó Óöäöíäó ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò åóíúÈóÉð áóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÍóÑúãóáóÉó ÇáúÃóÓúáóãöíøõ: ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ(3/286)
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æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ íõÚóÙøöãõæäóåõ æóíõÓóæøöÏõæäóåõ æóíõÔóÑøöÝõæäóåõ ãöËúáó ÇáúÃóãöíÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö Úóæúäò æóåõæó íõÍóÏøöËõ¡ ÝóãóÑøó ÈöäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÍóÓóäò Ýöí ãóæúßöÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó íõÏúÚóì ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáö ÃóÎöíåö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÝóãóÇ ÌóÓóÑó ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóáúÊóÝöÊó áöáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóÞõæãó åóíúÈóÉð áöÇÈúäö Úóæúäò.
æóíõÍúßóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈöÓóÇØöíøö ÇáúÚóáøóÇãóÉó áóãú íóäúÞóØöÚú Úóäö ÇáúãóÌöíÁö áöÔóíúÎöåö Ýöí íóæúãö ÇÌúÊöíóÇÒö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö Ïõæäó ÑõÝóÞóÇÆöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÊóÑóßõæÇ ÇáÏøóÑúÓó áöÃóÌúáö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÌö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóÈúÚóÏóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÃúÏöíÈðÇ æóÞóÑøóÈóåõ. æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÔóÇíöÎö ÇáúÚóÌóãö ãöãøóäú áóÞöíÊõåõ íõÄóÏøöÈõ ÇáØøóÇáöÈó ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÞóØóÚó Úóäö ÇáúÍõÖõæÑö Ýöí íóæúãöåö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö ÈöÊóÑúßö ÅöÞúÑóÇÆöåö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÇáÔøóåöíÏöíøõ: ßõäúÊõ ÃóÑóì íóÍúíóì ÇáúÞóØøóÇäó íõÕóáøöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑó Ëõãøó íóÓúÊóäöÏõ Åöáóì ÃóÕúáö ãóäóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóíóÞöÝõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÇáÔøóÇÐóßõæäöíøö æóÇáúÝóáøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÌõáöåöãú íóÓúÃóáõæäó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Åöáóì Ãóäú ÊóÍöíäó ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ áöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãõ: ÇÌúáöÓú¡ æóáóÇ íóÌúáöÓõæäó åóíúÈóÉð áóåõ æóÅöÚúÙóÇãðÇ.
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æóÚóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ÍóÏöíËðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóßõäúÊõ áóåõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ ãóÇ Íóíöíó¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÚóÏóÏö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö: ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äõÓóãøöí ÑóÇæöíó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáöãó.
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(æóáóÇ ÊóËóÇÞóáú Úóáóíúåö ÊóØúæöíáðÇ) ; Ãóíú: æóáóÇ ÊóÊóËóÇÞóáú ÈöÇáÊøóØúæöíáö¡ (ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÖúÌóÑõ) ; Ãóíú: íóÞúáóÞõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóãóáøõ ãöäó ÇáúÌõáõæÓö¡ Èóáú ÊóÍóÑøó ãóÇ íõÑúÖöíåö¡ ÝóÇáúÅöÖúÌóÇÑõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ -(3/288)
íõÛóíøöÑõ ÇáúÃóÝúåóÇãó¡ æóíõÝúÓöÏõ ÇáúÃóÎúáóÇÞó¡ æóíõÍöíáõ ÇáØøöÈóÇÚó. Ëõãøó ÓóÇÞó Úóäú åõÔóíúãò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎõáõÞðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ÓóÇÁó ÎõáõÞõåõ.
æóÃóæúÑóÏó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÃóáúÝóÇÙðÇ ÕóÏóÑóÊú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú ÃóÖúÌóÑóåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøõáøóÇÈö ; ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøóÇåöÑöíøóÉö íõÎóÇØöÈõåõãú: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÚúÌóÈó ãöäúßõãú¡ ÊóÃúÊõæäó ÈöÏõæäö ÏóÚúæóÉò¡ æóÊóÒõæÑõæäó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÔóæúÞò æóãóÍóÈøóÉò¡ æóÊõãöáøõæäó ÈöÇáúãõÌóÇáóÓóÉö¡ æóÊõÈúÑöãõæäó ÈöØõæáö ÇáúãõÓóÇÁóáóÉö.
æóÓóÃóáó ÑóÌõáñ ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó Íöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÞõæãó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: Åöäøóßó Åöäú ßóáøóÝúÊöäöí ãóÇ áóãú ÃõØöÞú ÓóÇÁóßó ãóÇ ÓóÑøóßó ãöäøöí ãöäú ÎõáõÞò.
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÇÈúäö ÈöäúÊö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö: ÏóÎóáúäóÇ æóäóÍúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó Úóáóì ãóÇáößò¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÒóÏúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ Ïöíäñ ÝóáúíóäúÕóÑöÝú¡ ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÍóíóÇÁñ ÝóáúíóäúÕóÑöÝú¡ ÝóÇäóÕóÑóÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ãõÑõæÁóÉñ ÝóáúíóäúÕóÑöÝú¡ ÝóÇäúÕóÑóÝõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÃóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÛöáúãóÇäõ¡ ÃóÞúÝóÇÁóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÞúíóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúãò áóÇ Ïöíäó áóåõãú æóáóÇ ÍóíóÇÁó æóáóÇ ãõÑõæÁóÉó.
æóíõÎúÔóì ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáö Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÍúÑóãó ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚó ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöáÔøóÑöíÝö ÒóíúÑóßó ÃóÍóÏö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÙöãö Íöíäó ÞóÑóÃó (ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉó) Úóáóì ÇáÔøöåóÇÈö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúãõÑúÏóÇæöíøö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ßöÈóÑöåö æóÚóÌúÒöåö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúíóÓöíÑó ÈöÇáúãõáóÇØóÝóÉö¡ æóÃóØóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÍóíúËõ ÃóÖúÌóÑóåõ ÝóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: áóÇ ÃóÍúíóÇßó Çááøóåõ(3/289)
Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíóåóÇ Úóäøöí¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊõÌöíÈó ÏõÚóÇÄõåõ¡ æóãóÇÊó ÇáÔøóÑöíÝõ Úóäú ÞõÑúÈò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ ÅöÐóÇ ØóÇáó ßóÇäó áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö Ýöíåö äóÕöíÈñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ ãóÚó ÔóíúÁò ãöãøóÇ íõáóÇÆöãõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú Êóßõæäó áöáÔøóíúÎö ÚóáóÇãóÉñ íóÊóäóÈøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ áöáúÝóÑóÇÛö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøó ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÞúØóÚó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãóÓøó ÃóäúÝóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóØúãóÚõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáóåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò. æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ íóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõãøó áóßó ÇáÔøõßúÑõ. æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÚúãöáú ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö:
ÇÛúËöËö ÇáÔøóíúÎó ÈöÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÊóÌöÏúåõ ... ÓóáöÓðÇ íóáúÊóÞöíßó ÈöÇáÑøóÇÍóÊóíúäö
æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÕöÍú ÕöíóÇÍó ÇáËøóßóÇáóì ... ÑõÍúÊó Úóäúåõ æóÃóäúÊó ÕöÝúÑõ ÇáúíóÏóíúäö
[ÇáúßöÈúÑõ æóÇáúÍóíóÇÁõ Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö] : (æóáóÇ Êóßõäú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (íóãúäóÚõßó ÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑõ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíóÇ) ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÑö (Úóäú ØóáóÈò) áöãóÇ íõÝúÊóÞóÑõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ ßóãóÇ ÚóáøóÞóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Úóäúåõ: áóÇ íóäóÇáõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ãõÓúÊóÍúíò - ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúÍóÇÁö - æóáóÇ ãõÊóßóÈøöÑò. æóÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÊóÍúÑöíÖó ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöãöíäó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóÌúÒö æóÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑö ; áöãóÇ íõÄóËøöÑõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúÕö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚóáøõãö.
æóÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúãõÌóÇáóÓóÉö) áöáÏøóíúäóæóÑöíøö Úóäö(3/290)
ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÊóÑó Úóäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÁö áóÈöÓó ÇáúÌóåúáó ÓöÑúÈóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóÞóØøöÚõæÇ ÓóÑóÇÈöíáó ÇáúÍóíóÇÁö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú ÑóÞøó æóÌúåõåõ ÑóÞøó Úöáúãõåõ.
æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí Ðóáößó ßóæúäõ ÇáúÍóíóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÌúáóÇáö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇãö áöáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö¡ æóåõæó ãóÍúãõæÏñ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí åõäóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÓóÈóÈñ áöÊóÑúßö ÃóãúÑò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÐúãõæãñ.
æóÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÇÈúäöåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ: ãóäú ÑóÞøó æóÌúåõåõ ÑóÞøó Úöáúãõåõ. æóíõÝóÓøöÑõåõ Þóæúáõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: ãóäú ÑóÞøó æóÌúåõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÑóÞøó Úöáúãõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö. æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò: ÞõÑöäóÊö ÇáúåóíúÈóÉõ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÈóÉö. æóÚóäö ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøö ÞóÇáó: ãóäú áóãú íóÍúÊóãöáú Ðõáøó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö ÓóÇÚóÉð ÈóÞöíó Ýöí Ðõáøö ÇáúÌóåúáö ÃóÈóÏðÇ. ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö Ýöíãóäö ÇÓúãõåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ãöäú Ðóíúáöåö Úóáóì (ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó) ¡ æóäóÙóãóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó:
Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøö ÌóÇÁóÊú ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãóÞóÇáóåú ... ÊõÌóÏøöÏõ ÈöÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÐößúÑóåú
ãóÊóì íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ðõáøó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö ÓóÇÚóåú ... æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÝöí Ðõáøö ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö ÏóåúÑóåú
[ÇáöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈõ Úóäú ßóÊúãö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊö] :
(æóÇÌúÊóäöÈö) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ßóÊúãó ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö) ÇáøóÐöí ÙóÝöÑúÊó Èöåö áöÔóíúÎò ãóÚúáõæãò¡ Ãóæú ßóÊúãó ÔóíúÎò ÇÎúÊõÕöÕúÊó ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö Úóãøóäú áóãú íóØøóáöÚú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäú ÅöÎúæóÇäößó ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ; ÑóÌóÇÁó ÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö Èöåö Úóäú ÃóÖóÑóÇÈößó¡ (Ýóåúæó) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúßóÊúãõ¡ (áõÄúãñ) ãöäú ÝóÇÚöáöåö íóÞóÚõ ãöäú ÌóåóáóÉö ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ÇáúæõÖóÚóÇÁö ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóíõÎóÇÝõ Úóáóì ãõÑúÊóßöÈöåö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö Èöåö ; ÅöÐú ÈóÑóßóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöÝóÇÏóÊõåõ¡ æóÈöäóÔúÑöåö íóäúãóì æóíóÚõãøõ äóÝúÚõåõ.
ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÈóÑóßóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöÝóÇÏóÉõ(3/291)
ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: Ãóæøóáõ ãóäúÝóÚóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäú íõÝöíÏó ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ. æóÚóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáÔøóÈóÇÈö¡ ÊóÚóÌøóáõæÇ ÈóÑóßóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÝóÅöäøóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÏúÑõæäó áóÚóáøóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÈúáõÛõæäó ãóÇ ÊóÃúãóáõæäó ãöäúåõ¡ áöíõÝöÏú ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉõ.
Èóáú íõÑúæóì ßóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö æóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÑöíóÇÖóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöãöíäó) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «íóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäöí ÊóäóÇÕóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íóßúÊõãú ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÎöíóÇäóÉó ÇáÑøóÌõáö Ýöí Úöáúãöåö ßóÎöíóÇäóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÇáöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÓóÇÆöáõßõãú Úóäúåõ» ) . æóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö) ÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «ÝóÅöäøó ÎöíóÇäóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÎöíóÇäóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö» ) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóÇáøóÐöí äóÓúÊóÍöÈøõåõ ÅöÝóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöãóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ¡ æóÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÞóáøó ãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáäøõÕúÍõ áöáØøóÇáöÈö¡ æóÇáúÍöÝúÙõ áöáúãóØúáõæÈö ãóÚó ãóÇ íõßúÊóÓóÈõ Èöåö ãöäú ÌóÒöíáö ÇáúÃóÌúÑö¡ æóÌóãöíáö ÇáÐøößúÑö.
æóÃóÛúÑóÈó ÇÈúäõ ãõÓóÏøðì ÝóÍóßóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÎúÊóÇÑõ ÓóãóÇÚó ÇáúÚóÇáöí áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÓóÇáöãò ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö íóØúáõÈõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÌöíÒó áóåõ ÈóÞóÇíóÇ(3/292)
ãöãøóäú íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇäúÞöÑóÇÖöåöãú ÞóÈöáó ÇáÓøöÊøöãöÇÆóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÂÎöÑõåõãú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔóÑóÉò æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ äõÈóáóÇÁó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöãöÕúÑó æóÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉó íóÛóÇÑõæäó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáúÛóíúÑóÉö ãóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúÚóÏó Èúäó ãõÞóÑøóÈò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÝöíÏðÇ¡ æóÚöäúÏöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÊóæóÞøõÝñ ßóÈöíÑñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÔóÑúÊõ áöÑóÏøö ãóÇ äóÓóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÏóì ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóäöÈú ãóäúÚó ÚóÇÑöíóÉö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö áöáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ýöíåö Ãóæö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÍóíúËõ áóãú ÊóÊóÚóÏøóÏú äõÓóÎõåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ; áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ãóäú ßóÊóãó ÚöáúãðÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÃõáúÌöãó ÈöáöÌóÇãò ãöäú äóÇÑò» ) ¡ Ýóåõæó ÔóÇãöáñ áöåóÐóÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚóÇÑöíóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíÚö ÝóÊöáúßó ãóÖóì ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö æóÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇãóäóÇ ãóäóÚõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÝúáóÍõæÇ æóáóÇ ÃóäúÌóÍõæÇ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: æóáóÞóÏú ÔóÇåóÏúäóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÃúËöÑõæäó ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóíõÎúÝõæäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎó¡ æóíóãúäóÚõæäó ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁó æóÇáúßõÊõÈó Úóäö ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö¡ ÝóÍóÑóãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÞóÕúÏóåõãú¡ æóÐóåóÈõæÇ æóáóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚõæÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò.
æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ: æóßóíúÝó áóÇ¿ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: Ãóæøóáõ ÈóÑóßóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÅöÚóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßúÊõãó Úóãøóäú áóãú íóÑóåõ ÃóåúáðÇ¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäó ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈó ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÑúÔöÏó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: ãóäú ÃóÏøóÇåõ - áöÌóåúáöåö - ÝóÑúØõ ÇáÊøöíåö æóÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇÈö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÍóÇãóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÇáúãõãóÇÑóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ãóÐúãõæãñ ãóÃúËõæãñ¡ æóãõÍúÊóÌöÑõ ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóäøóÈò æóáóÇ ãóáõæãò.
æóÓóÇÞó Úóäö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ãóÚúãóÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì: áóÇ ÊóÑõÏøóäó Úóáóì(3/293)
ãõÚúÌóÈò ÎóØóÇ ÝóíóÓúÊóÝöíÏó ãöäúßó ÚöáúãðÇ¡ æóíóÊøóÎöÐóßó Èöåö ÚóÏõæøðÇ.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó ÝöíãóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäúåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «Åöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÚöíóÇáðÇ» ) ¡ åõæó ÚóÑúÖõßó ßóáóÇãóßó æóÍóÏöíËóßó Úóáóì ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÃúäöåö æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóßó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÑõÝóÞóÇÆößó æóäóÍúæöåöãú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÇÚúÒõ Ðóáößó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ Êõæåöãõ ÇáäøóÇÓó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÞöÈóáö äóÝúÓößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí (ÇáúãóÏúÎóáö) áöáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æó (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) áöáúÎóØöíÈö: Åöäøó ãöäú ÔõßúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäú ÊóÌúáöÓó ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÝóÊõÐóÇßöÑóåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò áóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÝóíóÐúßõÑõåõ áóßó¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÑúæöíåö æóÊóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ æóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏöí Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÚóáøóãúÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÔóßóÑúÊó ÇáúÚöáúãó.
æóÓóÃóáó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ íõæäõÓó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Úóäú ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÃóÞöÑøõæÇ ÇáØøóíúÑó Úóáóì ãóßöäóÇÊöåóÇ» ) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ Åöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó ßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÐóÇ¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö: íõÞóÇáõ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõ. æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí Ðóáößó ÑóÛúÈóÉõ ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÅöÑúÔóÇÏö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõáóÇÍóÙóÉò áöÚóÒúæöåö Åöáóíúåöãú ; ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö(3/294)
ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: æóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ æóáóÇ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíøó ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ.
[ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Úóãøóäú åõæó ÝóæúÞóåõ æóÏõæäóåõ æóãöËúáõåõ] :
(æóÇßúÊõÈö) ÍóíúËõ áóÒöãúÊó ÊóÑúßó ÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑö ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö Úóãøóäú áóÞöíÊóåõ (ãóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÝöíÏõåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÍúÕõáõ áóßó Èöåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ (ÚóÇáöíðÇ) ßóÇäó ÓóäóÏõåõ (Ãóæú äóÇÒöáðÇ) Úóäú ÔóíúÎößó Ãóæú ÑóÝöíÞößó Ãóæú ãóäú Ïõæäóßó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÏøöÑóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÓøöäøö Ãóæú ÝöíåöãóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÖóÇáøóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÍóíúËõãóÇ æóÌóÏóåóÇ ÇáúÊóÞóØóåóÇ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ æóÓõÝúíóÇäõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈõáõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÍóÊøóì íóßúÊõÈó Úóãøóäú åõæó ÝóæúÞóåõ æóãöËúáóåõ æóÏõæäóåõ.
æóßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö íóßúÊõÈõ Úóãøóäú Ïõæäóåõ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: áóÚóáøó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ äóÌóÇÊöí áóãú ÊóÞóÚú áöí.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÓöíÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ Ýóßóãú ãöäú ßóÈöíÑò Ñóæóì Úóäú ÕóÛöíÑò ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö¡ æóÃóæúÑóÏúÊõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÌóãúÚò ãöäú ÑõÝóÞóÇÆöåö¡ Èóáú æóÊóáóÇãöÐóÊöåö¡ ÌõãúáóÉð.
æóÝöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÃõÞúÑöÆõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ; ãöäúåõãú: ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò. æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó Íóßöíãõ Èúäõ ÍöÒóÇãò íóÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò¡ æóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÃóÊõÞúÑóÃõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõáóÇãö ÇáúÎóÒúÑóÌöíøö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóåúáóßóäóÇ ÇáÊøóßóÈøõÑõ.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÊõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÚó ÚóÙöíãö ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö Úóáóì ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÑóÃó(3/295)
Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áóãú íóÓúÊóÐúßöÑú ãöäúåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÑúÖö ÔóíúÆðÇ ; áöíóÊóæóÇÖóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóäúßöÝó ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ÇáúÚöáúãó Úóãøóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÑúÛöíÈö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö Ýöí ÇáöÇÒúÏöíóÇÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúßóÈöíÑó íóÃúÎõÐõ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íõÍúßóì Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÓóãöÚó ÕóÈöíøðÇ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö íóÐúßõÑõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóØóáóÈó ÇáúÞóáóãó æóßóÊóÈóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãúÇ ÝóÇÑóÞóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö Åöäøöí áöÃóÚúáóãõ Èöåö ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÐöíÞóåõ ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÑöíóÇÓóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ; áöíóÈúÚóËóåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊößúËóÇÑö.
æóæóÞóÝó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ Úóáóì ÌõÒúÁò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáúÎõÒóÇÚöíøö Ýöíåö ÍößóÇíóÇÊñ ãóáöíÍóÉñ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÊóáóÇãöÐóÊöåö ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö ÚõãóÑö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÓóäöíøö ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ãöäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÚóáóæöíøö¡ ÝóßóÊóÈóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÅöÓúãóÇÚöåö áóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ßóíúÝó åóÐóÇ íóÇ ÓóíøöÏöí æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÝúÊóÎöÑõ ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäúßó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÐóÇßó ÈöÍóÇáóÉò.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò: ÝóÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ æóÓóãöÚóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ãöäøöí ãóÚó ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈößöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇÓúãöåö ÝóÝóÚóáõæÇ¡ æóßóÊóÈó åõæó ÈöÎóØøöåö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ.
æóáóÇ ÊóÃúäóÝú ãöäú ÊóÍúÏöíËößó Úóãøóäú Ïõæäóßó¡ ÝóÞóÏó ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉö) áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÎóÇÑöÌóÉó Èúäó ãõÕúÚóÈò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÍóÏöíËó ãóäú åõæó Ïõæäóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÑúæöåö Ýóåõæó ãõÑóÇÁò¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕóÇÛöÑö æóÇáúÂÈóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÇäö áöÐóáößó ÃóãúËöáóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ.(3/296)
æóÊóæóÓøóØó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÝóÑóæóæúÇ Úóãøóäú Ïõæäóåõãú ãóÚó ÊóÛúØöíóÊöåöãú ÈöäóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÐöÞõ.
[ÛóÑóÖõ ÇáÃÎúÐö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ áóÇ ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö] æóáúÊóßõäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÞóÕúÏóßó (áóÇ ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö) ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåóÇ (ÕöíÊðÇ ÚóÇØöáðÇ) ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Êóßõæäõ ßóãóäú Íóßóì Úóäúåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÖóíøöÚú æóÑóÞóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÖóíøöÚóäøó ÔóíúÎðÇ. æóåöíó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÓóáóßóåóÇ Ìõáøõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ãöäú ØóáóÈóÉö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóãøóäú Ïõæäóåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ ÇÚúÊóäóæúÇ ÈöÇáÊøóßúËöíÑö ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú: ÃóÎóÐúÊõ Úóäú ÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóßúËöíÑö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ íõÝóæøöÊõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÚóßúÓóåõ Ãóæúáóì.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö: ßóÊóÈúÊõ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÓöÊøóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÍóÏöíËò åöíó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÓöÊøóÉö ÂáóÇÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò.
æóÅöáóíúåö íõÔöíÑõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóáóíúÓó ÈöãõæóÝøóÞò ãóäú ÖóíøóÚó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú æóÞúÊöåö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊößúËóÇÑö áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö æóÕöíÊöåóÇ¡ Úóáóì ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóáóÇãöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑó åóÐóÇ¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÊóßúËöíÑó ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÌóãúÚó ÃóØúÑóÇÝöåö¡ ÝóíóßúËõÑõ ÔõíõæÎõåõ áöÐóáößó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóãöäú åõäóÇ æõÕöÝó ÈöÇáúÅößúËóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö ÎóáúÞñ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ; ßóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö¡ æóíõæäõÓó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò(3/297)
ÇáúãõÄóÏøöÈö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íõæäõÓó ÇáúßõÏóíúãöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ æóßóÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÊóÈúÊõ Úóäú ÓöÊøóÉö ÂáóÇÝö ÔóíúÎò.
æóãöãøóäú ÒóÇÏóÊú ÔõíõæÎõåõ Úóáóì ÃóáúÝò Óöæóì åóÄõáóÇÁö: ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ¡ æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝöÊúíóÇäö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóãøóÇäõ¡ ßóÇäó áóåõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÔóíúÎò æóÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÇáÏøöãúíóÇØöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÞõØúÈõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÈöÑúÒóÇáöíøõ¡ ÝóÔõíõæÎõåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÔóíúÎò ãöäúåóÇ ÃóáúÝñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóÚóÊöíÞõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøõ ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÔõíõæÎóåõ äóíøóÝõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóáúÝö¡ æóÇáúÝóÎúÑõ¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ ÇáÊøóæúÒóÑöíøõ ÈóáóÛóÊú(3/298)
ÔõíõæÎõåõ äóÍúæó ÇáúÃóáúÝö¡ æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÑóÇÝöÚò¡ æóÇáúÚöÒøõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌõãóÇÚóÉó¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íõÍúÕóì ßóËúÑóÉð.
æóßóãú Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò ÃóÔóÑúÊõ áöÌõãúáóÉò ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: áóæú áóãú äóßúÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó æóÌúåðÇ ãóÇ ÚóÞóáúäóÇåõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ãöËúáõåõ¡ áóßöäú ÈöáóÝúÙö: ËóáóÇËöíäó. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ: ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊõÌúãóÚú ØõÑõÞõåõ áóÇ íõæÞóÝõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÞóãöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ËóÇáöËö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö (ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉö) ãöäú ÔóÑúÍöåóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊú ØõÑõÞõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ ÈöÈóÚúÖöåóÇ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóíõÌúãóÚõ Èóíúäó ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÌóãúÚõåõ¡ æóíóÙúåóÑõ Èöåö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑó ÇáúãõÚóáøóáö.
[ÇáÊÞãíÔ Ëã ÇáÊÝÊíÔ] (æóãóäú íóÞõáú) ßóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ ÈöÎóØö ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøö Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò áóåõ Ýöí ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÔøõíõæÎö: (ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈúÊó ÞóãøöÔú) ; Ãóíö: ÇÌúãóÚú ãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ æóãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ãóÇáößò Ýöí íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò: ÞóãøóÇÔñ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌúãóÚõ ÇáúÞõãóÇÔó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúßõäóÇÓóÉó ; Ãóíú: íóÑúæöí Úóãøóäú áóÇ ÞóÏúÑó áóåõ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ.
(Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóíúÊóåõ ÝóÝóÊøöÔö ÝóáóíúÓó) åõæó (ãöäú ÐóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊößúËóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÇØöáö¡ æóáóãú íõÈóíøöäú ãóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍúÊóãöáñ áöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÑóÇÏó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÕóÇÚöÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó áöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÃõæÑóãóÉó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ:(3/299)
ÇßúÊõÈú Úóäú ßõáøö ÅöäúÓóÇäò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊó ÝóÃóäúÊó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö. æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ÍóãóáúÊõ Úóäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÂáóÇÝò¡ æóÑóæóíúÊõ Úóäö ÃóáúÝò.
æóÕóÑøóÍó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóäú íóÍúãöáõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÈöíÍõ ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÍõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó: ÇßúÊõÈö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚúÊóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÄóÎøöÑú Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÊóäúÙõÑó Ýöíãóäú ÍóÏøóËóßó Ãóåúæó Ãóåúáñ Ãóäú íõÄúÎóÐó Úóäúåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÝóÇÊó Ðóáößó ÈöãóæúÊö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ÓóÝóÑöåö Ãóæú ÓóÝóÑößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÞúÊõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ Ãóæú æóÞúÊõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÝóÝóÊøöÔú ÍöíäóÆöÐò.
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÊóÑúÌóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (ÈóÇÈõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: íóßúÊõÈõ Úóäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò) ¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚö æóÊóÑúßó ÇäúÊöÎóÇÈöåö¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóíúÎö æóÞúÊó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÞúÊõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóãóáö äóÙóÑó Ýöíåö æóÊóÃóãøóáóåõ.
æóæóÞóÚó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò ãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãóäú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäú ßõáøö ãóäú ÑóÃóì æóáóÇ Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó.
[ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉó] æóíóÔúåóÏõ áöáËøóÇäöí Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö ; áöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó) ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÌõÒúÁó¡ ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö (Êóãøöãú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ÓóãóÇÚóåõ) æóßöÊóÇÈóÊóåõ¡ æó (áóÇ ÊóäúÊóÎöÈúåõ ÊóäúÏóãö) ; ÝóÅöäøóßó ÞóÏú ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇäúÊóÎóÈúÊóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÎóÈúÊõ Úóáóì ÚóÇáöãò ÞóØøõ ÅöáøóÇ äóÏöãúÊõ.
æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Úóäúåõ: ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãöäú ãõäúÊóÞò ÎóíúÑñ ÞóØøõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÞóÇáó: ÓóíóäúÏóãõ ÇáúãõäúÊóÎöÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõ ÇáäøóÏóãõ. æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Úóäúåõ: ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö íóäúÏóãõ¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøóÓúÎö áóÇ íóäúÏóãõ.(3/300)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÌúÏõ ÇáÕøõÑúÌóßöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö: ãóÇ ÞóÑúãóØúäóÇ äóÏöãúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÇäóÊóÎóÈúäóÇ äóÏöãúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ áóãú äõÞóÇÈöáú äóÏöãúäóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö: ßõäøóÇ äóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóáóÇáó æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ íóßúÊõÈõ ßõáøó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóíúåö ÚóáöãúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóáóãú íóÞúäóÚö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö ßõÊõÈö ÛõäúÏóÑò ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ äóÓóÎó ßõÊõÈóåõ ÛóíúÑóäóÇ.
(æó) áóßöäú (Åöäú íóÖöÞú ÍóÇáñ) ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ (Úóäö ÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈöåö) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ; áöÚõÓúÑö ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ Ãóæú áößóæúäöåö Ãóæö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö æóÇÑöÏðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÞöíãò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊøóÓöÚõ ÇáúæóÞúÊõ áóåõ¡ Ãóæú áöÖóíøöÞö íóÏö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó. æóßóÐóÇ Åöäö ÇÊøóÓóÚó ãóÓúãõæÚõåõ ÈöÍóíúËõ Êóßõæäõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ßóÇãöáóÉð ßóÇáÊøößúÑóÇÑö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúåóÇ (áöÚóÇÑöÝò) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÌóæúÏóÉö ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö¡ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó (æóÃóÌóÇÏó Ýöí ÇäúÊöÎóÇÈöåö) ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
(Ãóæú) ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ðóáößó áöãóäú (ÞóÕõÑó) Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö (ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó) Ýöí ÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö ãóÇ áóåõ Ýöíåö ÛóÑóÖñ (ÐóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÕóÇÍöÈó¡ (ÍöÝúÙò) æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ; (ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ãóäú áóåõ) ; Ãóíú: áöáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö áöÑöÝóÇÞöåö ÇáúãõÊóãóíøöÒöíäó ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÕöÑöíäó¡ (íõÚöÏú) ; Ãóíú: íõåóíøöÆõ ÈöÍóíúËõ íõæóÌøöåõ Åöáóíúåö æóíóÊóÕóÏøóì áöÝöÚúáöåö ; ßóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÃõæÑóãóÉó æóÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÚöÌúáö(3/301)
æóÇáúÌöÚóÇÈöíøö æóÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóæóÇÑöÓö æóÇááøóÇáößóÇÆöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóäúÊóÎöÈõæäó Úóáóì ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÇáØøóáóÈóÉõ ÊóÓúãóÚõ æóÊóßúÊõÈõ ÈöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈöåöãú.
æóÇÞúÊóÝóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÃóËóÑóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÙöãö æóÊóáóÇãöÐóÊöåö ; ßóæóáóÏöåö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÇáúÃóÞúÝóåúÓöíøö æóÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ØóáóÈóÊöåö ; ßóÇáúÌóãøóÇáö Èúäö ãõæÓóì æóãõÓúÊóãúáöíåö æóÕóÇÍöÈöäóÇ ÇáäøóÌúãö ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö.
æóÊóæóÓøóÚóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÍóÏøò áóãú ÃóÑúÊóÖöåö ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ ÓóáóßúÊõåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóÊóì áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ æóÊóæóáøóì Ðóáößó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÃóÎóáøó¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÃóãúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÏóÝóÚó Åöáóíøó ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÎóãúÓóãöÇÆóÉò Ãóæú ÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉö ÍóÏöíËò¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÞóíúÊõ ÔöÑóÇÑóåóÇ áößóæúäöí áóãú íóßõäú áöí ÈöåóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ.
æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáöÇäúÊöÎóÇÈö Ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑó Úóáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ æóÚöäúÏó ãóäú íóäúÊóÎöÈõ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäõ ÚóÏöíøò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚõÞúÏóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóÍúÖõÑõ ãóÚó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ÈöÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóíõáóÞøóÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÇáúÚöÌúáó) ¡ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøõíõæÎö æóåõæó ÔóÇÈøñ¡ ÝóíóäúÊóÎöÈõ áóäóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ßóáøóãúäóÇåõ ÝóáóÇ íõÌöíÈõäóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÝúÑóÛó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúäóÇåõ(3/302)
Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÃóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÃóÊóÝóßøóÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö Ðóáößó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ åóáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöíåö Ãóãú áóÇ¿ Ýóáóæú ÃóÌóÈúÊõßõãú ÎóÔöíÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÒöáó¡ ÝóÊóÞõæáõæäó áöí: áöãó ÇäúÊóÎóÈúÊó åóÐóÇ æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Èöåö ÝõáóÇäñ.
(æóÚóáøóãõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: ãóäö ÇäúÊóÎóÈó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ (Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö) ÇáúãõäúÊóÎóÈö ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÎóÈõæåõ ; áöÃóÌúáö ÊóíóÓøõÑö ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ãóÇ ßóÊóÈõæåõ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú áöÅöãúÓóÇßö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÕúáóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ Ãóæú áöáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áößöÊóÇÈóÉö ÝóÑúÚò ÂÎóÑó ãöäúåõ ; ÍóíúËõ ÝõÞöÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõåõãú Ýöí ßóíúÝöíøóÊöåö áößóæúäöåö áóÇ ÍóÌúÑó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÚóáøóãõæÇ (ÅöãøóÇ ÎóØøóÇ) ÈöÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõåõ ÚóÑöíÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ßóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ Ãóæú ÕóÛöíÑðÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóÇááøóÇáóßóÇÆöíøö.
(Ãóæú) ÚóáøóãõæÇ ÈöÕõæÑóÉö (åóãúÒóÊóíúäö) ÈöÍöÈúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö Çáúíõãúäóì ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÝóáóßöíøö¡ (Ãóæú ÈöÕóÇÏò) ãóãúÏõæÏóÉò ÈöÍöÈúÑò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáäøõÚóíúãöíøö¡ (Ãóæú ÈöØóÇ) ãõåúãóáóÉò ãóãúÏõæÏóÉò ßóÐóáößó ; ßóÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÍóÇÆóíúäö ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÌóäúÈö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ßóÐóáößó ; ßóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ØóáúÍóÉó ÇáäøöÚóÇáöíøö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÌöíãò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÔöíóÉö Çáúíõãúäóì ßóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
[ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ïõæäó Ýóåúãöåö] :
(æóáóÇ Êóßõäú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ (ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Ãóäú ÊóÓúãóÚóÇ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóäóÍúæóåõ¡ (æóßóÊúÈóåõ) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóÍóáøö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑöíøóÉó Úóáóì äóÒúÚö ÇáúÎóÇÝöÖö ; Ãóíú: áóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóßóÊúÈöåö (ãöäú Ïõæäö Ýóåúãò) áöãóÇ(3/303)
Ýöí ÓóäóÏöåö æóãóÊúäöåö (äóÝóÚóÇ) ; Ãóíú: äóÇÝöÚò¡ ÝóÊóßõæäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÞóÏú ÃóÊúÚóÈúÊó äóÝúÓóßó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú ÊóÙúÝóÑó ÈöØóÇÆöáò¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÚöÏóÇÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóãóÇËöáö¡ Èóáú áóãú ÊóÒöÏú Úóáóì Ãóäú ÕöÑúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÔóÈøöåöíäó ÇáúãóäúÞõæÕöíäó ÇáúãõÊóÍóáøöíäó ÈöãóÇ åõãú ãöäúåõ ÚóÇØöáõæäó.
æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÛóíúÑöåöãú:
Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúæöí æóáóßöäøóåõ ... íóÌúåóáõ ãóÇ íóÑúæöí æóãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ
ßóÕóÎúÑóÉò ÊóäúÈõÚõ ÃóãúæóÇåõåóÇ ... ÊóÓúÞöí ÇáúÃóÑóÇÖöíó æóåúíó áóÇ ÊóÔúÑóÈõ
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò ÇáäøóÈöíáõ: ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöáóÇ ÏöÑóÇíóÉò ÑöíóÇÓóÉõ äóÒúáóÉò. ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: åöíó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇæöí áöáÓøóãóÇÚö ÚöäúÏó Úõáõæøö Óöäøöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÝóÅöäøó ÓóäóÏóåõ áóÇ íóÚúáõæ æóáóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Íöíäó ÊóÞóÏøõãöåö Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóãóíøóÒó ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÈöÝóåúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÊóÚóÌøóáó ÈóÑóßóÉó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÔóÈöíÈöåö.
ÞóÇáó: æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÊóÎúáöíÏöåö ÇáÕøõÍõÝó Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÕóÍöíÍöåö ãöäú ÝóÇÓöÏöåö¡ æóÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æõÌõæåöåö¡ æóÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚö Úõáõæãöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÊóáúÞöíÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö ãóäú Óóáóßó Êöáúßó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉó ÈöÇáúÍóÔúæöíøóÉö - íóÚúäöí ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÝóÊúÍöåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú ÍóÔúæö ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ÝóáóÇ íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåöãú¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍóÔøõæäó Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÍóáúÞóÉö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö - áóæóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáúÃóäóÝóÉõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÏóÝúÚõ Ðóáößó(3/304)
Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÌöäúÓöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóíõÑúæóì ßóãóÇ áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó) ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ãõæÓóì Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆöåö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «ßõæäõæÇ ÏõÑóÇÉð æóáóÇ ÊóßõæäõæÇ ÑõæóÇÉð¡ ÍóÏöíËñ ÊóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÝöÞúåóåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÃóáúÝò ÊóÑúæõæäóåõ» ) . æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÝóÚóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ( «ßõæäõæÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÑõÚóÇÉð» ) . æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóáöáøóåö ÏóÑøõ ÇáúÃóÏöíÈö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáö ÝóÇÑöÓö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö:
íóÇ ØóÇáöÈó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáøóÐöí ... ÐóåóÈóÊú ÈöãõÏøóÊöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóåú
ßõäú Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÐóÇ ÇáúÚöäóÇíóåú ... ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÏøöÑóÇíóåú
æóÇÑúæö ÇáúÞóáöíáó æóÑóÇÚöåö ... ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ áóíúÓó áóåõ äöåóÇíóåú
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Úóäúåõ:
æóÇÙöÈú Úóáóì ÌóãúÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóßóÊúÈöåö ... æóÇÌúåóÏú Úóáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåö Ýöí ßõÊúÈöåú
æóÇÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈöåö äóÞúáðÇ ßóãóÇ ... ÓóãöÚõæåõ ãöäú ÃóÔúíóÇÎöåöãú ÊóÓúÚóÏú Èöåö
æóÇÚúÑöÝú ËöÞóÇÊó ÑõæóÇÊöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ... ßóíúãóÇ ÊõãóíøöÒó ÕöÏúÞóåõ ãöäú ßöÐúÈöåö
Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõ áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ... äóØóÞó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ áóäóÇ Èöåö Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö
æóÊóÝóåøóãö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÊóÚúÑöÝú Íöáøóåõ ... ãöäú ÍõÑúãöåö ãóÚó ÝóÑúÖöåö ãöäú äóÏúÈöåö
æóåõæó ÇáúãõÈóíøöäõ áöáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÈöÔóÑúÍöåö ... ÓöíóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáúãõÕúØóÝóì ãóÚó ÕóÍúÈöåö(3/305)
æóÊóÊóÈøóÚö ÇáúÚóÇáöíó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ... ÞõÑóÈñ Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÊóÍúÙó ÈöÞõÑúÈöåö.
æóÊóÌóäøóÈö ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝó Ýöíåö ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ... ÃóÏøóì Åöáóì ÊóÍúÑöíÝöåö Èóáú ÞóáúÈöåö
æóÇÊúÑõßú ãóÞóÇáóÉó ãóäú áóÍóÇßó ÈöÌóåúáöåö ... Úóäú ßóÊúÈöåö Ãóæú ÈöÏúÚóÉò Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö
ÝóßóÝóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËó ÑöÝúÚóÉð Ãóäú íõÑúÊóÖóì ... æóíõÚóÏøõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÍöÒúÈöåö
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(736) ßóÑóÇåóÉó ÇáúÌóãúÚö áöÐöí ÊóÞúÕöíÑö ... ßóÐóÇßó ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ÈöáóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÑö
[ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃõÕõæáöåö] :
(æóÇÞúÑóÃú) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáØøóÇáöÈõ ÚöäúÏó ÔõÑõæÚößó Ýöí ÇáØøóáóÈö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö (ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí) ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö (Úõáõæãö ÇáúÃóËóÑö) ÊóÚúÑöÝõ Èöåö ÃóÏóÈó ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉó ÇáúÃóÎúÐö æóÇáØøóáóÈö¡ æóãóäú íõÄúÎóÐõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑó ãõÕúØóáóÍö Ãóåúáöåö¡ (ßóÜ) ßöÊóÇÈö Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ (ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö) ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ãõÄóáøöÝõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÏúÎóáñ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ(3/306)
ÇáÔøóÃúäö ãõÝúÕöÍñ Úóäú ÃõÕõæáöåö æóÝõÑõæÚöåö¡ ÔóÇÑöÍñ áöãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊö Ãóåúáöåö æóãóÞóÇÕöÏöåöãú æóãõåöãøóÇÊöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí íóäúÞõÕõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöåóÇ äóÞúÕðÇ ÝóÇÍöÔðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: Ýóåõæó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÌóÏöíÑñ ÈöÃóäú ÊõÞóÏøöãó ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉõ Èöåö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ãõÚóæøóáõ ßõáøö ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
(Ãóæú ßóÐóÇ) ÇáäøóÙúãö (ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕóÑö) ãöäúåõ¡ ÇáúãõáóÎøóÕö Ýöíåö ãóÞóÇÕöÏõåõ ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÚúÐóÈõ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö. æóÚóæøöáú Úóáóì ÔóÑúÍöåö åóÐóÇ æóÇÚúÊóãöÏúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÑóì äóÙöíÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö æóÇáúÌóãúÚö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö¡ äóÝóÚó Çááøóåõ Èöåö æóÕóÑóÝó Úóäúåõ ãóäú áóãú íóÍúÝóÙú ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóáúÍóÙú ãóÛúÒóÇåõ ãöäú ÕóÇáöÍò æóØóÇáöÍò¡ æóÍóÇÓöÏò æóäóÇÕöÍò¡ æóÕóÈöíøò Ìóåõæáò æóÛóÈöíøò áóãú íóÏúÑö ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ ãõÊóÝóåøöãðÇ áöãóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÎóÇØöÑößó ãöäúåóÇ ãöãøóäú íóßõæäõ ãõãóÇÑöÓðÇ áöáúÝóäøö ãóØúÈõæÚðÇ Ýöíåö ÚóÇãöáðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÃóáøóÇ Êóßõäú ßóÎóÇÈöØö ÚóÔúæóÇÁó ÑóßöÈó ãóÊúäó ÚóãúíóÇÁó.
æóÐóáößó æóÇÌöÈñ ; áößóæúäöåö ØóÑöíÞðÇ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáÓøóÞöíãö. æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúÊó ßóíúÝöíøóÉó ÇáØøóáóÈö æóãóÇ íóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýóáúíóßõäú ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊóÓúÊóÚöãóáóåõ ÔöÏøóÉõ ÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇáúãõÓóÇÑóÚóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö áöáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÊóÈúÊóÏöÆõ ÈöÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóåóÇÊö ãöäú ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóËóÑö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö áöáÓøõäóäö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ.
æóåöíó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÇáúãõÈóæøóÈóÉö¡ æóåöíó ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉñ¡ ÃóäúÝóÚõåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ; áöÓõÑúÚóÉö ÇÓúÊöÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏøöãúåóÇ¡ (æóÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö) áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò ãöäúåóÇ (ÇÈúÏóÃóäú) ¡ æóÞóÏøöãú ÃóæøóáóåõãóÇ áöÔöÏøóÉö ÇÚúÊöäóÇÆöåö ÈöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãõ¡ ãóÚó ÊóÞóÏøöãöåö æóÑõÌúÍóÇäöåö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö.
ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú ÏóÚóÊú ÖóÑõæÑóÉñ¡ ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí áö (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö¡(3/307)
æóíõÎúÔóì ÝóæúÊõåõ¡ æóÑõæóÇÉõ (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) Ýöíåöãú ßóËúÑóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöäóÇ áöáÒøóíúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøö ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö ÂÎöÑö ãóäú ÓóãöÚó (ÕóÍöíÍó ãõÓúáöãò) Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíóÇäöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÍóÕóáó ÇáÊøóÔóÇÛõáõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÜ (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÝóÇÊó æóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöËúáõåõ.
(Ëõãøó) ÃóÑúÏöÝúåõãóÇ ÈößõÊõÈö (ÇáÓøõäóäú) ÇáúãõÑóÇÚöí ãõÕóäøöÝõæåóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÞóÏøóãõ ãöäúåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ; áößóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ Ëõãøó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ; áöíóÊóãóÑøóäó Ýöí ßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÔúíö Ýöí ÇáúÚöáóáö¡ Ëõãøó ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÚöíÓóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ; áöÇÚúÊöäóÇÆöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ æóÈóíóÇäöåö áöÍõßúãö ãóÇ íõæÑöÏõåõ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉò æóÍõÓúäò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
(æó) íóáöíåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ (ÇáÓøõäóäö) áöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöí) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÍöÏú Úóäúåõ ; áöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈöåö áöÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ Èóáú áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö ãöËúáóåõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøõåõ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãó Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏøóãúÊõ Êöáúßó áöÊóÞóÏøõãö ãõÕóäøöÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö æóãóÒöíÏö ÌóáóÇáóÊöåöãú¡ (ÖóÈúØðÇ æóÝóåúãðÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáÖøóÈúØö Ýöí ÓóãóÇÚößó áöãõÔúßöáöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÝóåúãö áöÎóÝöíö ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøóßó ßõáøóãóÇ ãóÑøó Èößó ÇÓúãñ ãõÔúßöáñ Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ãõÔúßöáóÉò ÊóÈúÍóËõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÊõæÏöÚõåóÇ ÞóáúÈóßó¡ ÝóÈöÐóáößó íóÌúÊóãöÚõ áóßó Úöáúãñ ßóËöíÑñ Ýöí Òóãóäò íóÓöíÑò.(3/308)
æóßóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóäö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÈóæøóÈóÉö ÈöÓóãóÇÚö ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö áöÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó¡ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú ÊóÇãøóÇ¡ æóáöÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ æóÈöÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÈöÜ (ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö) áöáÏøóÇÑöãöíøö (æóÇáÓøõäóäö) áöÅöãóÇãöäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ãóÚó ãõÓúäóÏöåö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö¡ æó (ÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì) áöáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ; áöãóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáóÊú Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÇÊö Úóáóì Êöáúßó¡ æó (ÇáÓøõäóäö) áöÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú æóáöáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÈöÜ (ÔóÑúÍö ãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúÂËóÇÑö) áöáØøóÍóÇæöíøö.
(Ëõãøó Ëóäú ÈöÜ) ÓóãóÇÚö (ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊúåõ ÍóÇÌóÉñ ãöäú) ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ßóÈöíÑöåóÇ æóÕóÛöíÑöåóÇ ; ßóÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö) ÇáúÅöãóÇãö (ÃóÍúãóÏó) æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö æóÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò æóÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøö æóÇáúÚóÏóäöíøö æóãõÓóÏøóÏò æóÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈöáóåóÇ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ áóßöäú ßóËõÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÅöíÑóÇÏõ áöÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ ßóÇáúãõÑúÓóáö æóÔöÈúåöåö¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåóÇ ÓóÇÈöÞóÉð áöÊöáúßó Ýöí ÇáúæóÖúÚö ; (ßóãõÕóäøóÝö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó) æó (ÇáÓøõäóäö áöÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò) æó (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö ÇáúãõãóåøóÏö) áöãõÞúÊóÝöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöáúÅöãóÇãö ãóÇáößò ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÎõáóíúÏò ÚõÊúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÍóãøóÇÏò: Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÚóÑóÖóåõ Úóáóì ãõÄóáøöÝöåö Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíúÇãò ÞóÇáó áóåõ: Úöáúãñ ÌóãóÚúÊõåõ Ýöí ÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÃóÎóÐúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíúÇãò¡ æóÇááøóåö áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: áóÇ ÝóÞöåúÊõãú ÃóÈóÏðÇ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÇáúÍöáúíóÉö) .
æóßóßõÊõÈö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó æóåõÔóíúãò æóÇÈúäö æóåúÈò æóÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò æóæóßöíÚò¡ æó (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃõ) ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕóÍö ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈö: Åöäøóåõ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ Èöåö.(3/309)
ÞõáúÊõ: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÚóÑóÖóåõ Úóáóì ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÊóÇÈöÚöíøðÇ¡ Ýóßõáøõåõãú æóÇØóÃóåõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáØøóÍøóÇäö Ýöí (ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøöíäó) áóåõ äóÞúáðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ æóÚóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ ÌõÑøöÈó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇãöáó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóãúÓóßóÊúåõ ÈöíóÏöåóÇ ÊóÖóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö.
Ëõãøó ÈöÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌö Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏóÉö Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈò ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉò ; ßóÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáÒøõåúÏö æóÇáÑøóÞóÇÆöÞö æóÇáúÃóÏóÈö æóÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóäúÍóÕöÑõ ßóËúÑóÉð¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÌöãö ÇáøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáÔøõíõæÎö¡ æóÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáäøóËúÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÏøöãú ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÝóÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøõÈóåóÇÁõ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö æóÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÓóãøóíúÊõåõ ÝóÃóßúËóÑõåõ ÈöÍóãúÏö Çááøóåö áöí ãóÓúãõæÚñ¡ æóãóÇ áóãú ÃõÓóãøöåö ÝóÚöäúÏöí ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäú ßõáøö ÕöäúÝò ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóÝõæÞõ ÇáúæóÕúÝó.
[ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúÚöáóáó æóÃóåóãøóåóÇ] :
(æó) ÇÚúÊóäö ÈöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊúåõ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö (Úöáóáò) ; ßóÜ (ÇáúÚöáóáö) Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÔóÑóÍóåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÑóÌóÈò¡ æó (Úöáóáö ÇáúÎóáøóÇáö) æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÃóËúÑóãö¡ ãóÚó Öóãøöåö áöÐóáößó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈöÔúÑò ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö æóÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö¡ æó (ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö) áöãõÓúáöãò¡ (æóÎóíúÑõåóÇ áöÃóÍúãóÏóÇ) æóáöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò ÖóÎúãò ãõÑóÊøóÈò Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÑóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóÑóãóÊúåõ ÇáúãóäöíøóÉõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÊóÈó ãöäúåõ ãõÌóáøóÏðÇ Úóáóì íóÓöíÑò ãöäúåõ.
(æó) áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö (ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöí) ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÌúãóÚõåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÌóãúÚöåö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚõ áóåõ ÊöáúãöíÐõåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäú Úöáóáö(3/310)
ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ ÝóíõÌöíÈõåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõÞóíøöÏõåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÌóÏó ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøõ ÞöãóØúÑóåõ ÇãúÊóáóÃó ãöäú Õõßõæßò Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ æóÌóãóÚóåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÃúáöíÝò äóÓóÈóåõ áöÔóíúÎöåö.
ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäõ ÎöíóÑóÉó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃõÓúÊóÇÐöåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö ãöäú ÈöÑúäóÇãöÌö ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Ýöí (ÇáúÈóÇÑöÚö) Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö áöÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóãóÚóåõ ÈöÎóØøöåö ãöäú Õõßõæßò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ æóäóÓóÈõæåõ Åöáóíúåö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ØóÇåöÑò ÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö) áóåõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÃóÈöí (2) ÇáúÝóÊúÍö äóÕúÑó Èúäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ßöÊóÇÈó (ÇáúÚöáóáó) ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑøóÌóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÂÊöí ÐößúÑõåõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó áóåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÏö ãõÓúäóÏö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÝöíåöãóÇ.
áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÊóÚóÞøóÈó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ åóÐóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ áóÇ íõËúÈöÊõ ÇáúãõÏøóÚóì¡ æóãóäú ÊóÃóãøóáó (ÇáúÚöáóáó) ÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ äóÕúÑñ áóíúÓó Úóáóì Úõãõæãöåö¡ Èóáú íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó äóÙóÑó Ýöí Úöáóáö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞõáúÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÐúßõÑõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Åöáóì ÔõíõæÎöåö Ãóæú ÔõíõæÎö ÔõíõæÎöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó(3/311)
áóãú íõÏúÑößúåõãú íóÚúÞõæÈõ¡ æóíóÓõæÞõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåö. ÞõáúÊõ: æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÈöáóÇÒöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÇ áóåõ áóÞóÈñ ÎóÇÕøñ ; ßóÇáúãóÞúáõæÈö æóÇáúãõÏúÑóÌö æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÝö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò ãõÝúÑóÏò¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáúÚöáóáó ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏóÉó Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò ãõÓúÊóÞöáøò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÔóÑóÚúÊõ Ýöí ÊóáúÎöíÕö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò æóÚóÒúæò¡ ÝóÇäúÊóåóì ãöäúåõ ÇáÑøõÈúÚõ¡ íóÓøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÅößúãóÇáóåõ. åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö æõÞõæÚöåö åõæó æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚöáóáö áöí ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ áöÔóíúÎöí ãöäú ÞóÈúáöí¡ Èóáóì ÃóÑúæöí ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö ÈöÓóäóÏò ÚóÇáò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÏúÑö ÇáúãóíúÏõæãöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚöíÓóì Èúäö ÚóáøóÇÞò Úóäú ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÇÈúäóÉö ÓóÚúÏö ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóäóÇ Èöåö ÃóÈöí æóÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö¡ ÃóäóÇ Èöåö ÃóÈõæ ÛóÇáöÈò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøõ Úóäö ÇáúÈóÑúÞóÇäöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö ; áöÓóãóÇÚöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö.
[ÐößúÑõ ÃóÝúÖóáö ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö] :
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóäö ÈöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊúåõ ÍóÇÌóÉñ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö (ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎõ) áöáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÇáúãõÔúÊóãöáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ßóÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÑöæóÇíóÉó ßõáøò ãöäú(3/312)
ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó æóÚóÈóÇÓò ÇáÏøõæÑöíøö æóÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö Èúäö ÛóÓøóÇäó ÇáúÛóáøóÇÈöíøö Úóäúåõ¡ æóßóÃóÈöí ÎóáöíÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÍóÓøóÇäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏöíøö æóíóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúÝóÓóæöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÏøöãöÔúÞöíøö æóÍóäúÈóáö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÇáÓøóÑøóÇÌö¡ ÇáøóÊöí (ÛóÏóÇ ãöäú ÎóíúÑöåóÇ) ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ (ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ) ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃóæúÓóØó æóÕóÛöíÑò (áöáúÌõÚúÝöíøö) ÈöÖóãö ÇáúÌöíãö ; äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøö ÃóÈöíåö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ãóæúáðì áöíóãóÇäò ÇáúÌõÚúÝöíøö¡ æóÅöáóì ÈõÎóÇÑóì åõæó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: íõÑúÈöí Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ßõáøöåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÏóÉó: áóæú Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ßóÊóÈó ËóáóÇËöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÍóÏöíËò áóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì Úóäú (ÊóÇÑöíÎö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ¡ æóßóÜ (ÊóÇÑöíÎö ãöÕúÑó) áöÇÈúäö íõæäõÓó¡ æóÇáÐøóíúáö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÈóÛúÏóÇÏó áöáúÎóØöíÈö æóÇáÐøõíõæáö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÏöãóÔúÞó áöÇÈúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ æóäóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó áöáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÇáÐøóíúáö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ãõåöãøóÇÊö ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö ; áöãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáäøóæóÇÏöÑö.
(æó) ãöäú ÎóíúÑöåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáõ áöáÑøóÇÒöíøö) ¡ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÝóì Ýöíåö ÃóËóÑó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ãöäú (ÊóÇÑöíÎö äóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó) ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøóíøö æóåõãú íóÞÑóÄõæäó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ íóÚúäöí ßöÊóÇÈóåõ åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏóæóíúåö ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞö: åóÐöåö ÖóÍúßóÉñ¡ ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÊóÞúÑóÄõæäó Úóáóì ÔóíúÎößõãú ßöÊóÇÈó (ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÓóÈúÊõãõæåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÒõÑúÚóÉó æóÃóÈóÇ ÍóÇÊöãò áóãøóÇ Íõãöáó ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ (ÊóÇÑöíÎõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ÞóÇáóÇ: åóÐóÇ Úöáúãñ áóÇ íõÓúÊóÛúäóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÈöäóÇ Ãóäú äóÐúßõÑóåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöäóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÞúÚóÏóÇ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó íóÓúÃóáõåõãóÇ Úóäú(3/313)
ÑóÌõáò ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÌõáò¡ æóåõãóÇ íõÌöíÈóÇäöåö¡ æóÒóÇÏóÇ Ýöíåö æóäóÞóÕóÇ¡ ÇäúÊóåóì¡ æóÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÞóÏöíãñ.
[ÐößúÑõ ÃóÌúæóÏó ßõÊõÈö ÖóÈúØö ÇáúãõÔóßøóáö] :
(æó) ßóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóäö ÈöãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ãöäú (ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÄúÊóáöÝö) æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝö ÇáäøóæúÚö (ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÇáúÂÊöí Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö ãóÚó ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöíåö¡ æóåöíó ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ (æóÇáúÃóßúãóáõ) ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ (ÇáúÅößúãóÇáõ áöáúÃóãöíÑö) ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÈöÇáúæóÒöíÑö ÓóÚúÏö Çáúãõáúßö ; áößóæúäö ÃóÈöíåö ßóÇäó æóÒóÑó áöáúÎóáöíÝóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö¡ æóæóáöíó Úóãøõåõ ÞóÖóÇÁó ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö¡ æóÊóæóÌøóåó åõæó ÑóÓõæáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÏöí ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö Åöáóì ÓóãóÑúÞóäúÏó æóÈõÎóÇÑóì áöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö áóåõ Úóáóì ãóáößöåóÇ¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ åöÈóÉö Çááøóåö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÃóÈõæ äóÕúÑö Èúäö ãóÇßõæáóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Úóáóì ÅöÚúæóÇÒò Ýöíåö. ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÝóåúãö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
[ÍöÝúÙõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ] :
(æóÇÍúÝóÙúåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ (ÈöÇáÊøóÏúÑöíÌö) ÞóáöíáðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóíúÇãö æóÇááøóíóÇáöí¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÃóÍúÑóì ÈöÃóäú ÊõãóÊøóÚó ÈöãóÍúÝõæÙößó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÏúÚóì áöÚóÏóãö äöÓúíóÇäöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÔõÑúåõ Ýöí ßóËúÑóÉö ßóãøöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö ãóÚó ÞöáøóÉö ãóÑøóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÑúÓö æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÙóÑúÝõ ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö. æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐú äóÝúÓóßó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ØóÇÞóÉó áóßó Èöåö¡ Èóáö ÇÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ÇáúíóÓöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÖúÈöØõåõ æóÊõÍúßöãõ ÍöÝúÙóåõ æóÅöÊúÞóÇäóåõ ; áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÎõÐõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ãóÇ ÊõØöíÞõæäó» ) .
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: ßõäúÊõ ÂÊöí ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔó æóãóäúÕõæÑðÇ ÝóÃóÓúãóÚõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó(3/314)
ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÎóãúÓóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÃóäúÕóÑöÝõ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉó Ãóäú ÊóßúËõÑó æóÊõÝúáöÊó. ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) áöáúÎóØöíÈö. æóÚöäúÏóåõ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÚõáóíøóÉó æóãóÚúãóÑò äóÍúæõåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÌõãúáóÉð ÝóÇÊóåõ ÌõãúáóÉð¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÏúÑößõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÍóÏöíËñ æóÍóÏöíËóÇäö. æóÚóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó Åöäú ÃóÎóÐúÊóåõ ÈöÇáúãõßóÇËóÑóÉö áóåõ ÛóáóÈóßó¡ æóáóßöäú ÎõÐúåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóíúÇãö æóÇááøóíóÇáöí ÃóÎúÐðÇ ÑóÝöíÞðÇ ÊóÙúÝóÑú Èöåö.
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏó ÍöÝúÙößó áóåõ (ÐóÇßöÑú Èöåö) ÇáØøóáóÈóÉó æóäóÍúæóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÌöÏú ãóäú ÊõÐóÇßöÑõåõ ÝóÐóÇßöÑú ãóÚó äóÝúÓößó¡ æóßóÑøöÑúåõ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈößó¡ ÝóÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉõ ÊõÚöíäõßó Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÃóÞúæóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö Èöåö.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóíõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ( «ßõäøóÇ äóßõæäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóäóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõãúäóÇ ÊóÐóÇßóÑúäóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì äóÍúÝóÙóåõ» ) . æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúÝõæÚò: ( «Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäó äóÓøóÇÁñ ÅöÐóÇ ÐõßøöÑó ÐóßóÑó» ) .
æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: (ÊóÐóÇßóÑõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ Åöäú áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæÇ íóÏúÑõÓú) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: (ÊóÐóÇßóÑõæÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ ãõÐóÇßóÑóÊõåõ) ¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò(3/315)
ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÐóÇßöÑú ÈöÚöáúãößó ÊóÐúßõÑõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóßó¡ æóÊóÓúÊóÝöíÏõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóßó. æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö: ãóäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãõÐóÇßóÑóÉó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö áóãú íóäúÓó ãóÇ Úóáöãó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏó ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú.
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ: ãóäú ÓóÑøóåõ Ãóäú íóÍúÝóÙó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö¡ æóáóæú Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Èöåö ãóäú áóÇ íóÔúÊóåöíåö. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÑóÌóÇÁò íóÌúãóÚõ ÕöÈúíóÇäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóíõÍóÏøöËõåõãú ßóíú áóÇ íóäúÓóì ÍóÏöíËóåõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÐóÑó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÌúÏöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇíóÇÊöíøö Ýöí ÅöÞúÑóÇÆöåö ãõÔúßöáó ÇáúßõÊõÈö áöáúãõÈúÊóÏöÆöíäó¡ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áöÆóáøóÇ íóäúÝóßøó ÅöÏúãóÇäõåõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑöåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÍõÈøõ ÇáÊøóÐóÇßõÑö ÃóäúÝóÚõ ãöäú ÍõÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÐöÑö. æóÞöíáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍöÝúÙõ ÓóØúÑóíúäö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈóÉö æöÞúÑóíúäö¡ æóÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõÐóÇßóÑóÉõ ÇËúäóíúäö.
æóáöÈóÚúÖöåöãú:
ãóäú ÍóÇÒó ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÐóÇßóÑóåõ ... ÕóáóÍóÊú ÏõäúíóÇåõ æóÂÎöÑóÊõåú
ÝóÃóÏöãú áöáúÚöáúãö ãõÐóÇßóÑóÉð ... ÝóÍóíóÇÉõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãõÐóÇßóÑóÊõåú(3/316)
(æó) áóÇ ÊóÊóÓóÇåóáóäøó Ýöí ÇáúãõÐóÇßóÑóÉö¡ Èóáú (ÇáöÇÊúÞóÇäó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö ãóÝúÚõæáñ ãõÞóÏøóãñ¡ ÝöíåóÇ æóÝöí ÔóÃúäößó ßõáøöåö (ÇÕúÍóÈóäú) Èöäõæäö ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúÎóÝöíÝóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÍöÝúÙõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò - ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ.
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö æóÝóæóÇÆöÏöåö] :
(æóÈóÇÏöÑú ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÃóåøóáúÊó) æóÇÓúÊóÚúÏóÏúÊó (Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÃáöíÝö) ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö æóÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö æóÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇÁö ; ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝõ ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáÖøóãøö¡ æóÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ãöäú ÈõØõæäö ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÔúíóÎóÇÊö æóÇáúßõÊõÈö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóÓöíóÇÞõåóÇ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊö äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõíõæÎöåö Ãóæú ÃóÞúÑóÇäöåö Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÚóÒúæõåóÇ áöãóäú ÑóæóÇåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÇáÏøóæóÇæöíäö ãóÚó ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÈóÏóáö æóÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú íõÊóæóÓøóÚõ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö Úóáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö æóÇáúÚóÒúæö.
æóÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝõ ÌóÚúáõ ßõáøö ÕöäúÝò Úóáóì ÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇÁõ ÇáúÊöÞóÇØõ ãóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ßõáøò ãöäúåóÇ ÚõÑúÝðÇ ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÈöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáößó ÈöÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö (ÊóãúåóÑú) - ÈöÇáúÌóÒúãö ãóÚó ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áöáÔøóÑúØö Çáúãóäúæöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö - Ýöí ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÊóÞöÝú Úóáóì ÛóæóÇãöÖöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÓúÊóÈöäú áóßó ÇáúÎóÝöíøó ãöäú ÝóæóÇÆöÏöåóÇ¡ (æóÊõÐúßóÑú) ÈöÐóáößó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÍóÕøöáöíäó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ æóíõÑúÌóì áóßó ÈöÇáäøöíøóÉö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉö ÇáÑøõÞöíøõ Åöáóì ÃóæúÌö ÇáúãóäóÇÝöÚö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö æóÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊö ÇáúÚóáöíøóÉö ÇáúÌóÓöíãóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö: ÞóáøóãóÇ íóÊóãóåøóÑõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíóÞöÝõ Úóáóì ÛóæóÇãöÖöåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÈöíäõ ÇáúÎóÝöíøó ãöäú ÝóæóÇÆöÏöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÌóãóÚó ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóåõ¡ æóÃóáøóÝó(3/317)
ãõÔóÊøóÊóåõ¡ æóÖóãøó ÈóÚúÖóåõ Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóÇÔúÊóÛóáó ÈöÊóÕúäöíÝö ÃóÈúæóÇÈöåö æóÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÃóÕúäóÇÝöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ãöãøóÇ íõÞóæøöí ÇáäøóÝúÓó¡ æóíõËóÈøöÊõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙó¡ æóíõÐóßøöí ÇáúÞóáúÈó¡ æóíõÔúÍöÐõ ÇáØøóÈúÚó¡ æóíóÈúÓõØõ ÇááøöÓóÇäó¡ æóíõÌöíÏõ ÇáúÈóäóÇäó¡ æóíóßúÔöÝõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÈöåó¡ æóíõæóÖøöÍõ ÇáúãõáúÊóÈöÓó¡ æóíõßúÓöÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ìóãöíáó ÇáÐøößúÑö¡ æóÊóÎúáöíÏóåõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÏøóåúÑö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
íóãõæÊõ Þóæúãñ ÝóíõÍúíöí ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÐößúÑóåõãõ ... æóÇáúÌóåúáõ íõáúÍöÞõ ÃóÍúíóÇÁð ÈöÃóãúæóÇÊö
ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö:
ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÔóíúÁò ÃóäúÊó ßóÇÓöÈõåõ ... Ýóßõäú áóåõ ØóÇáöÈðÇ ãóÇ ÚöÔúÊó ãõßúÊóÓöÈóÇ
æóÇáúÌóÇåöáõ ÇáúÍóíøõ ãóíúÊñ Íöíäó ÊóäúÓõÈõåõ
æóÇáúÚóÇáöãõ
ÇáúãóíøöÊõ Íóíøñ ßõáøóãóÇ äõÓöÈóÇ
æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÇáÊøóÇÌö ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøö: ÇáúÚóÇáöãõ æóÅöäö ÇãúÊóÏøó ÈóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÇÔúÊóÏøó Ýöí ãóíóÇÏöíäö ÇáúÌöÏóÇáö ÏöÝóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÏøó ÓóÇÚöÏõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÎóÑóÞó Èöåö ßõáøó ÓóÏøò ÓóÏøó ÈóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÃóÍúßóãó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚóåõ¡ ÝóäóÝúÚõåõ ÞóÇÕöÑñ Úóáóì ãõÏøóÉö ÍóíóÇÊöåö¡ ãóÇ áóãú íõÕóäøöÝú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ íóÎúáõÏõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ãóæú íõæÑöÞú ÚöáúãðÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ Úóäúåõ ÊöáúãöíÐñ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÝóÞúÏóåõ¡ Ãóæú ÊóåúÊóÏöí Èöåö ÝöÆóÉñ ãóÇÊó ÚóäúåóÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóáúÈóÓóåóÇ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÔóÇÏó ÈõÑúÏõåõ¡ æóáóÚóãúÑöí Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝó áóÃóÑúÝóÚõåóÇ ãóßóÇäðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóØúæóáõåóÇ ÒóãóÇäðÇ¡ æóÃóÏúæóãõåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ.
æóáöÐóáößó áóÇ íóÎúáõæ áóäóÇ æóÞúÊñ íóãõÑøõ ÈöäóÇ ÎóÇáöíðÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ áóäóÇ Òóãóäñ ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóáøóÏó ÚõÞóÏõåõ ÌóæóÇåöÑó ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌúáõæ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÓóÇÚóÉó ÝóÑóÇÛò ÅöáøóÇ æóäõÚúãöáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÞóáóãó ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúÕöíÝö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÝóÑøöÛó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ áöáÊøóÕúäöíÝö ÞóáúÈóåõ¡ æóíóÌúãóÚó áóåõ åóãøóåõ¡ æóíóÕúÑöÝó Åöáóíúåö ÔõÛúáóåõ¡ æóíóÞúØóÚó Èöåö æóÞúÊóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ íóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÝóáúíóßúÓöÑú Þóáóãó ÇáäøóÓúÎö¡ æóáúíóÃúÎõÐú Þóáóãó ÇáÊøóÎúÑöíÌö.
æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö(3/318)
ÇáÕøõæÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏó ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÅöÍúÏóì ÚóÔóÑóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÎóÑøöÌú æóÕóäøöÝú ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÍóÇáó Èóíúäóßó æóÈóíúäóåõ¡ åóÐóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÊóÑóÇäöí ÞóÏú Íöíáó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÈóåúÊõ.
æóÓóÇÞó ÞóÈúáó íóÓöíÑò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Úöáúãõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóáóÏõåõ ÇáúãõÎóáøóÏõ. æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÓúÊöíøö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúÔóÏó ãöäú äóÙúãöåö:
íóÞõæáõæäó: ÐößúÑõ ÇáúãóÑúÁö íóÈúÞóì ÈöäóÓúáöåö ... æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÐößúÑñ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú äóÓúáõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõãú: äóÓúáöí ÈóÏóÇÆöÚõ ÍößúãóÊöí
Ýóãóäú
ÓóÑøóåõ äóÓúáñ ÝóÅöäøóÇ ÈöÐóÇ äóÓóáõæÇ
æóíõÄóíøöÏõåõ Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÇäúÞóØóÚó Úóãóáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ËóáóÇËò: ÕóÏóÞóÉò ÌóÇÑöíóÉò¡ Ãóæú Úöáúãò íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú æóáóÏò ÕóÇáöÍò íóÏúÚõæ áóåõ» ) .
[ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö] :
(æóåúæó) ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝõ ÇáúÃóÚóãøõ (Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö) Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö (ØóÑöíÞóÊóÇäö) ãóÃúáõæÝóÊóÇäö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: (ÌóãúÚõåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ (ÃóÈúæóÇÈóÇ) ; Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÊóäúæöíÚõåõ ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÌóãúÚõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ßõáøö Íõßúãò æóßõáøö äóæúÚò ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ æóäóÝúíðÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÈò ÝóÈóÇÈò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÊóãóíøóÒõ ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ãóËóáðÇ ÚóãøóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáÕøöíóÇãö.
æóÃóåúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÊóÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ; ßóÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóãú íóÊóÞóíøóÏú ÈöÐóáößó ; ßóÈóÇÞöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÍóÕöÑõ ßóÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäóÉö áöáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö.(3/319)
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ áóãú íõÐúßóÑö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ æóÇÞúÊõÕöÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÊúäö ÝóÞóØú ; ßóÜ (ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö) áöáúÈóÛóæöíøö¡ Ëõãøó (ÇáúãöÔúßóÇÉö) ¡ æóÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÚóÒúæó ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ æóåõãóÇ äóÇÝöÚóÇäö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÇáúãõÞóÕøöÑö ÃóåúáõåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóæøöÈöíäó ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈò æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæú ãóÓúÃóáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÍúßõãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ ; ßóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Ãóæú ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ ßóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó.
(Ãóæú) ÌóãúÚõåõ (ãõÓúäóÏðÇ) ; Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ (ÊõÝúÑöÏõåõ ÕöÍóÇÈóÇ) ; Ãóíú: áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóæóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó) æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÐúßóÑú ; ßóÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÚóÈúÓöíøö) ¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåõæóíúåö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäöíÚò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓöäóÇäò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö¡ æóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú (ãõÓúäóÏö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó) ¡ æóÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ãöäúåõ - ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí - ÇáúÞóáöíáõ¡ æó (ãõÓúäóÏö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí) ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÈöãóæúÌõæÏò ÇáúÂäó¡ æóäõÚóíúãö Èúäö ÍóãøóÇÏò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: (Åöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ãõÓúäóÏðÇ æóÊóÊóÈøóÚóåõ¡ æóÃóÓóÏö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúÈóÑó ãöäú äõÚóíúãò ÓöäøðÇ¡ æóÃóÞúÏóãó ÓóãóÇÚðÇ¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÕúäöíÝõ äõÚóíúãò áóåõ Ýöí ÍóÏóÇËóÊöåö¡ æóÊóÕúäöíÝõ ÃóÓóÏò ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ßöÈóÑöåö) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÇãöÚó áöÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö) ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõßúËöÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ áóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãõÓúäóÏò ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøó ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö. æóåóÐöåö åöíó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ãöäúåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö - ÊóÏúæöíäõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; áöíõÍúÝóÙó áóÝúÙõåõ æóíõÓúÊóäúÈóØó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ¡ íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö.
æóÃóåúáõåóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÑóÊøöÈõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÈöÃóäú íóÌúÚóáó ÃõÈóíøó Èúäó(3/320)
ßóÚúÈò æóÃõÓóÇãóÉó Ýöí ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö ; ßóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãöåö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÖøöíóÇÁö Ýöí ãõÎúÊóÇÑóÇÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú Êóßúãõáú¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÑóÊøöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö¡ ÝóíõÞóÏøöãõ Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò Ëõãøó ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈó ÝóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÑóÊøöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóíõÞóÏøöãõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉó¡ Ëõãøó Ãóåúáó ÈóÏúÑò¡ Ëõãøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóåóÇÌóÑó Èóíúäó ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö æóÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ Ëõãøó ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÃóÕóÇÛöÑó ÇáúÃóÓúäóÇäö ßóÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó æóÃóÈöí ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ Ëõãøó ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ æóíóÈúÏóÃõ ãöäúåõäøó ÈöÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æóåöíó ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ íóÚúäöí áöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÝóÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÇááøóÊóÇäö ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÃóÓúåóáõ ÊóäóÇæõáðÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÃóÓúåóáõåõãóÇ ÃóæúáóÇåõãóÇ) .
Ëõãøó ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ ãóäú íóÌúãóÚõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ßõáøö ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóÙóÑò áöÕöÍøóÉò æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö áöáúÍõÌøóÉö ; ßóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò æóÇÍöÏò ; ßóãõÓúäóÏò ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãóËóáðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãõÓúäóÏö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ Úóáóì ØóÑóÝö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÈóÞöíøóÊöåö¡ æóíóÌúãóÚõ ÃóÓóÇäöíÏóåõ ÅöãøóÇ ãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÞóíøöÏðÇ ÈößõÊõÈò ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉò ÔöÈúåó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÇáØøóÑóÞöíøõ - ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÞóÇÝò - Ýöí (ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö) ¡ æóÇáúãöÒøöíøõ Ýöí (ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö) ¡ æóÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí (ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö) .
æóØóÑöíÞóÉõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøö Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõßúËöÑöíäó ÑóÊøóÈó ÍóÏöíËóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö(3/321)
ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúãõßúËöÑöíäó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóåóßóÐóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ØóÑøóÝó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö áöáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö¡ æóÓóáóßó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ØóÑöíÞóÉð ËóÇáöËóÉð¡ ÝóÑóÊøóÈó ÕóÍöíÍóåõ Úóáóì ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÞúÓóÇãò¡ æóåöíó: ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑõ¡ æóÇáäøóæóÇåöí¡ æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÚóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöíÌó áöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ; ßóÈóÏúÁö ÇáúæóÍúíö¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö¡ æóãóÇ ÝõÖøöáó Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáøóÊöí ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÝöÚúáöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊõÕøó Èöåö æóÔóÈóåõåõ¡ æóäóæøóÚó ßõáøó ÞöÓúãò ãöäúåóÇ ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ¡ æóáóÚóãúÑöí Åöäøóåõ æóÚúÑõ ÇáúãóÓúáóßö¡ ÕóÚúÈõ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÞóì¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÔóíúÎóäóÇ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÇãó ÊóÞúÑöíÈóåõ ÝóÈóÚøóÏóåõ.
[ÊóÕúäöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóáøöáðÇ] :
(æóÌóãúÚõåõ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö Ãóæö ÇáØøõÑõÞö¡ (ãõÚóáøóáóÇ) íóÚúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáóáö ÈöÃóäú íóÌúãóÚó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÊúäò ØõÑõÞóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ýöíåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÊøóÖöÍõ ÅöÑúÓóÇáõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ¡ Ãóæú æóÞúÝõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞõÑøöÑó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö.
ÝóÝöí ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ áöÓõåõæáóÉö ÊóäóÇæõáöåö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö (ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáú) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ ÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó (íóÚúÞõæÈõ) Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóáúÊö Èúäö ÚõÕúÝõæÑò ÇáÓøóÏõæÓöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ äóÒöíáõ ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ æóÊöáúãöíÐõ ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö æóÓöÊøöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö (262) ¡ æóÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãóÇÓóÑúÌöÓöíøõ ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ¡ Ýóáóåõ ãõÓúäóÏñ ãõÚóáøóáñ Ýöí ÃóáúÝò æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉö ÌõÒúÁò¡(3/322)
æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ ØóÑöíÞóÉð ËóÇäöíóÉð Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÊóíúäö.
æóåöíó (ÃóÚúáóì ÑõÊúÈóÉð) ãöäúåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáúÚöáóáö ÃóÌóáøõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò: áóÃóäú ÃóÚúÑöÝó ÚöáøóÉó ÍóÏöíËò åõæó ÚöäúÏöí ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóßúÊõÈó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏöí.
(æó) áóßöäú ãõÓúäóÏõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÒóÇÏóåõ ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ (ãóÇ ßóãõáú) ¡ Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö - ãõÓúäóÏõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäö ÛóÒúæóÇäó¡ æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóæóÇáöí¡ æóÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóÇÊøóÕóáó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð áöáÐøóåóÈöíøö æóÔóíúÎöäóÇ æóãõÄóáøöÝöåö¡ æóÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ãöäú ãõÓúäóÏö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ: (æóÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøó ãõÓúäóÏó Úóáöíøò ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÎóãúÓö ãõÌóáøóÏóÇÊò. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøõ: æóÞöíáó áöí: Åöäøó äõÓúÎóÉð áöãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãöäúåõ ÔõæåöÏóÊú ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ãöÇÆóÊóíú ÌõÒúÁò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó áöÍóÇÝðÇ ÃóÚóÏøóåóÇ áöãóäú ßóÇäó íóÈöíÊõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÑøóÇÞöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÈóíøöÖõæäó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏó¡ æóáóÒöãóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ íóÚúäöí áöãóäú íõÈóíøöÖõåõ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: Åöäøóåõ áóæú Êóãøó áóßóÇäó Ýöí ãöÇÆóÊóíú ãõÌóáøóÏò¡ æóáöäóÝóÇÓóÊöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÓúØõæÑðÇ Úóáóì ÍóãóÇãò áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íõßúÊóÈó¡ íóÚúäöí: áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÓóãóÇÚò. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎó íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÊúãõãú ãõÓúäóÏñ ãõÚóáøóáñ.(3/323)
æóáóåõãú ØóÑöíÞóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåöíó ÌóãúÚõåõ Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö» ) Ýöí ÇáúåóãúÒóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáÏøóíúáóãöíøö Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö) ¡ ßóÐóÇ Úóãöáó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö (ÇáúßóÇãöáö) áöÇÈúäö ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóÓóáóßúÊõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íõÑóÊøöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö¡ áóßöäú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÞóíøöÏò ÈöÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÝóÞóØú¡ (ßóÇáÔøöåóÇÈö) æó (ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞö) áöáÕøóÛóÇäöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõåõãóÇ æóÃóÌúãóÚõåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑöåö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÎóÇÕøóÉð.
Ëõãøó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú íõáöãøõ ÈöÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÅöÚúÑóÇÈöåö Ãóæú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö æóÂÑóÇÁö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóÓúØõåõ Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
[ÌóãúÚõ ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö æóÇáÔøõíõæÎö] :
(æóÌóãóÚõæÇ) ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÃóÈúæóÇÈðÇ) ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÉö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÝúÑóÏõæåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÕöíÑõ ÐóÇßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ ; ßóßöÊóÇÈò (ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì) áöáúÂÌõÑøöíøö¡ æó (ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö) áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æó (ÇáØøóåõæÑö) áöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò æóáöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æó (ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö) áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö Ïõßóíúäò.
æó (ÇáúÂÐóÇäö æóÇáúãóæóÇÞöíÊö) Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝóíúäö áöÃóÈöí ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ æó (ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÎóáúÝó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö) Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝóíúäö áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æó (ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö) áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æó (ÇáúÞõäõæÊö) áöÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ æó (ÓóÌóÏóÇÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö) áöáúÍóÑúÈöíøö¡ æó (ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö) áöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æó (ÇáúÚöíÏóíúäö) áóåõ¡ æó (ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö) áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÔóÇåöíäó¡ æó (ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóæúÊö) áöáúãóÑóäúÏöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æó (ÇáúÚóÒóÇÁö) áóåõ¡(3/324)
æó (ÇáúãõÍúÊóÖóÑöíäó) áóåõ.
æó (ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö) áöíõæÓõÝó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æó (ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö) áöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æó (ÇáÕøöíóÇãö) áöÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÝöÑúíóÇÈöíøö æóáöíõæÓõÝó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æó (ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö) áöáúÍóÑúÈöíøö æóáöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö¡ æóãóÇ íóÝõæÞõ ÇáúæóÕúÝó ßó (ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö) áöáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏõæÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËóåõ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö æóÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö.
(Çæú) ÌóãóÚõæÇ (ÔõíõæÎðÇ) ãóÎúÕõæÕöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõßúËöÑöíäó ; ßóÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö Ýöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌõÍóÇÏóÉó.
ÞóÇáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøõ: íõÞóÇáõ: (ãóäú áóãú íóÌúãóÚú ÍóÏöíËó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉõ Ýóåõæó ãõÝúáöÓñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößò¡ æóÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóåõãú ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáÏøöíäö) .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÌúãóÚõæäó ÍóÏöíËó ÎóáúÞò ßóËöíÑò ÓöæóÇåõãú¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóíøõæÈõ ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøõ æóÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ) .
ÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÏú ÓóÑóÏó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö ÌõãúáóÉð¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÌóãúÚö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÔõíõæÎó äóÝúÓöåö ; ßóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãöåö ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö ÇáúãõÑóÊøóÈö Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö Ýöí ÔõíõæÎöåö¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãõ ÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ¡ áóßöäøóåõ íóÞúÊóÕöÑõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËò Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÎò.
[ÌóãúÚõ ÇáÊøóÑóÇÌöãö æóÇáØøóÑúÞö] :
(Çæú) ÌóãóÚõæÇ (ÊóÑóÇÌöãðÇ) ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉð ßóãóÇáößò Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÓõåóíúáö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåõÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.(3/325)
(Ãóæú) ÌóãóÚõæÇ (ØõÑõÞðÇ) áöÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò ; ßóØõÑõÞö ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöáØøõæÓöíøö æóäóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóØõÑõÞö ÍóÏöíËö ( «ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÑöíÖóÉñ» ) áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóØõÑõÞö ÍóÏöíËö ( «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó» ) áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ãóÞóÇÕöÏó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö íóØõæáõ ÔóÑúÍõåóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóãóÚúÊó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ÝóãóíøöÒö ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚó ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝö¡ æóÊóÍóÑøóÒú ãöäú ÅöÏúÎóÇáö ÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáö áöÙóäøößó ÕõÍúÈóÉó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÓúåóáõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö æóÞóÇáó: áößóæúäö ÇáúãóÑúÁö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÞóÏú íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó áöÃóÌúáöåö Ïõæäó ÑóÇæöíåö¡ æóáößöÝóÇíóÊöåö ÇáúãóÄõæäóÉó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ÐóÇßó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÊóÑúÌóãö Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÊóÝóßøõÑò Ýöíåö.
æóãóÏóÍóåõ æóßöíÚñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ÝóÕóäøöÝö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈó. æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: ÈóÇÈñ ãöäó ÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÌóÓöíãñ. æóßóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈó ÃóÈúæóÇÈò¡ ÝóÞóÏøóãó ãöäúåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏóÇÊö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáó æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÝóÇÊö æóãóÐóÇåöÈó ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁö ãöäú ãóÔúåõæÑöí ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøõ: ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈõ ÊõÈúäóì Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚö ØóÈóÞóÇÊò ; ÝóØóÈóÞóÉö ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóØóÈóÞóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóØóÈóÞóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóíõÞóÏøöãõ Þóæúãñ ÇáúßöÈóÇÑó ãöäúåõãú ; ãöËúáó ÔõÑóíúÍò æóÚóáúÞóãóÉó æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãóßúÍõæáò æóÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÕúÛóÑõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÈóÚúÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃóÊúÈóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ; ãöËúáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö æóãóÇáößò æóÑóÈöíÚóÉó æóÇÈúäö åõÑúãõÒò æóÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì æóÇÈúäö ÔõÈúÑõãóÉó æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (æóáóÇ ÊõæÑöÏú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÑöÌóÇáöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÇãóÊú ÃóÍúæóÇáõ(3/326)
ÑõæóÇÊöåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÝóÅöäøóßó ÈöÕóÏóÏö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ æóãöäú åõäóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÚúáóì ÑõÊúÈóÉð ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÞõÈóíúáö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ: (ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÕöÍú Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÓúäóÏñ ÝóÇÞúÊóÕöÑú Úóáóì ÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝö æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇäó ÇáäøóæúÚóÇäö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ; ÅöÐú ßóÇäõæÇ áöáúßóËöíÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúäóÏóÇÊö ãõÓúÊóäúßöÑöíäó) .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ Ïõßóíúäò áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ßóËöíÑò: (Óóáúäöí æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáúäöí Úóäö ÇáØøóæöíáö æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóæöíáõ ÝóßõäøóÇ áóÇ äóÍúÝóÙõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúäóÏõ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöÐóÇ æóÇáóì Èóíúäó ÍóÏöíËóíúäö ãõÓúäóÏóíúäö ÑóÝóÚúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑõÄõæÓóäóÇ ÇÓúÊöäúßóÇÑðÇ áöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ËóÈóÊóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÑõæóÇÊöåö åõæó ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóÈöÐóáößó ÕóÑøóÍó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÞúÊóÕöÑó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÕóÍøó Ãóæú ÍóÓõäó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÌóãóÚó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÝóáúíõÈóíøöäú ÚöáøóÉó ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóáúÊóßõäú ÚöäóÇíóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóæúáóì ÝóÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÑóì Ãóäøó ÃóåóãøóåóÇ ãóÇ íõÄóÏøöí Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÊöãøóÇÊö æóÇáÊøóßúãöíáóÇÊö ãóÚó ÊóÖúíöíÚö ÇáúãõåöãøóÇÊö.
æóáúíóÊóÍóÑøó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÖöÍóÉó æóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍóÇÊö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáóÉó¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÕöÏú ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõßóÇËóÑóÉó. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÚóáóíúåö Ýöí ßõáøö Ðóáößó ÊóÕúÍöíÍõ ÇáúÞóÕúÏö¡ æóÇáúÍóÐóÑõ ãöäú ÞóÕúÏö ÇáúãõßóÇËóÑóÉö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Úóäú ÍóãúÒóÉó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúßöäóÇäöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÑøóÌó ÍóÏöíËðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäú äóÍúæö ãöÇÆóÊóíú ØóÑöíÞò¡ ÝóÃóÚúÌóÈóåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÑóÃóì íóÍúíóì Èúäó ãóÚöíäò Ýöí ãóäóÇãöåö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó áóåõ(3/327)
Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó åóÐóÇ ÊóÍúÊó {ÃóáúåóÇßõãõ ÇáÊøóßóÇËõÑõ} [ÇáÊßÇËÑ: 1] .
[ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö áöáúÞóÇÕöÑö] (æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóæúÇ) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ (ßóÑóÇåóÉó ÇáúÌóãúÚö) æóÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝö (áöÐöí ÊóÞúÕöíÑö) Úóäú ÈõáõæÛö ãóÑúÊóÈóÊöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÔóÇÛóáó ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Èöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóæúáóì¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÊóÃóåøóáú ÈóÚúÏõ áöÇÌúÊöäóÇÁö ËóãóÑóÊöåö¡ æóÇÞúÊöäóÇÕö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÌóãúÚöåö¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáúÍóÏóËó¡ Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ íóßúÊõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ íóÌúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÛõÓúáö æóÍóÏöíËó ( «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó» ) ÝóÇßúÊõÈú Úóáóì ÞóÝóÇåõ: (áóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ) .
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåö: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËó íóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÚóæóÇáöí ÃóÈöí åõÏúÈóÉó¡ æóíóÚúáóì Èúäó ÇáúÃóÔúÏóÞö - æóÓóãøóì ÛóíúÑóåõãóÇ - ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇãøöíøñ ÈóÚúÏõ. æóáöáøóåö ÏóÑøõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÍóÕöíÝò íóÊóÕóÏøóì Åöáóì ÊóÕúäöíÝò Ãóäú íóÚúÏöáó Úóäú ÛóÑóÖóíúäö: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÎúÊóÑöÚó ãóÚúäðì¡ Ãóæú íõÈúÏöÚó æóÖúÚðÇ æóãóÈúäðì¡ æóãóÇ Óöæóì åóÐóíúäó ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö Ýóåõæó ÊóÓúæöíÏõ ÇáúæóÑóÞö¡ æóÇáÊøóÍóáøöí ÈöÍöáúíóÉö ÇáÓøóÑóÞö.
[ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÈöÏõæäö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÑö] :
æó (ßóÐóÇßó) ÑóÃóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ßóÑóÇåóÉð (ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö) ãöãøóäú íõÕóäøöÝõ áöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö (ÈöáóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíÑö) æóÊóåúÐöíÈò æóÊóßúÑöíÑò áöäóÙóÑò Ýöíåö æóÊóäúÞöíÈò.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒøö: áóÍúÙóÉõ ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÃóÓúÑóÚõ ÎõØúæóÉð ãöäú áóÍúÙóÉö ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÛóÇíóÉð¡ æóÃóæúÓóÚõ ãóÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÛóÇÆöÕóÉõ Ýöí ÃóÚúãóÇÞö ÃóæúÏöíóÉö ÇáúÝößúÑö¡ æóÇáúãõÊóÃóãøöáóÉõ áöæõÌõæåö ÇáúÚóæóÇÞöÈö¡ æóÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉö Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÛóÇÈó æóÍóÖóÑó¡ æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäõ ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÝóÚó æóÖóÑøó¡(3/328)
æóÇáúÞóáúÈõ ßóÇáúãõãúáöí áöáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÅöÐóÇ äóØóÞó¡ æóÇáúíóÏö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈóÊú¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ íóßúÓõæ ÇáúãóÚóÇäöíó æóÔúíó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö¡ Ëõãøó íõÈúÏöíåóÇ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ßóæóÇÔò Ýöí ÃóÍúÓóäö ÒöíäóÉò¡ æóÇáúÌóÇåöáõ íóÓúÊóÚúÌöáõ ÈöÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉö ÈöÊóÒúíöíäö ãóÚóÇÑöÖöåóÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊößúãóÇáö ãóÍóÇÓöäöåóÇ.
æóáúíóÚúáóãú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åöáóÇáõ Èúäõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö: Åöäøóåõ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÞúáö ÇáúãóÑúÁö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö ÈöÊóÕúäöíÝöåö¡ Ãóæú ÔöÚúÑöåö¡ Ãóæú ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö. æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøõ: (Åöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó Ýöí ÓóáóÇãóÉò ãöäú ÃóÝúæóÇåö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ áóãú íóÖóÚú ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ãóæú íóÞõáú ÔöÚúÑðÇ) .
æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóÊøóÇÈöíøõ: (Åöäøó ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÔúÑóÝó ÇáúãóÏöíÍó æóÇáÐøóãøó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝó áöáúÍóÓóÏö æóÇáúÛöíÈóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÓóÇÁó ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÚóÑøóÖó áöáÔøóÊúãö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÐóÝó Èößõáøö áöÓóÇäò) .
æóäóÍúæõåõ ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÞóÝøóÚö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóåúÏóÝó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúØóÝó¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÓóÇÁó ÝóÞóÏó ÇÓúÊóÞúÐóÝó) .
[ÇáúÚóÇáöí æóÇáäøóÇÒöáõ]
[ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÎóÕøöíÕóÉñ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö]
ÇáúÚóÇáöí æóÇáäøóÇÒöáõ.
(737) æóØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÓõäøóÉñ æóÞóÏú ... ÝóÖøóáó ÈóÚúÖñ ÇáäøõÒõæáó æóåúæó ÑóÏú
(738) æóÞóÓøóãõæåõ ÎóãúÓóÉð¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ... ÞõÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóåúæó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ
(739) Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ æóÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈö ... Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò æóÚõáõæøò äöÓúÈöí
(740) ÈöäöÓúÈóÉò áöáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÅöÐú ... íóäúÒöáõ ãóÊúäñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåóÇ ÃõÎöÐú
[ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÎóÕøöíÕóÉñ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö] ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ (ÇáúÚóÇáöí) ãöäó ÇáÓøóäóÏö (æóÇáäøóÇÒöáõ) ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ ÃóÝúÖóáöåöãóÇ¡ æóãóÇ íóáúÊóÍöÞõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúÈóÏóáö æóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö æóÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉö.
ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÃæøóáðÇ ÎöÕøöíÕóÉñ ÝóÇÖöáóÉñ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÓõäøóÉñ ÈóÇáöÛóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøõäóäö(3/329)
ÇáúãõÄóßøóÏóÉö ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö ÞõÈóíúáó ãóÑóÇÊöÈó ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö.
æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáÏøóÛõæáöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäö ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóßúÑóãó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉó æóÔóÑøóÝóåóÇ æóÝóÖøóáóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ßõáøöåóÇ ÞóÏöíãöåóÇ æóÍóÏöíËöåóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÕõÍõÝñ Ýöí ÃóíúÏöíåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóáóØõæÇ ÈößõÊõÈöåöãú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑóåõãú¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÊóãúíöíÒñ Èóíúäó ãóÇ äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÃóáúÍóÞõæåõ ÈößõÊõÈöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎóÐõæåóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóäõÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉö Úóäú ãöËúáöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÊóäóÇåóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõåõãú¡ Ëõãøó íóÈúÍóËõæäó ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ÇáúÃóÍúÝóÙó ÝóÇáúÃóÍúÝóÙó¡ æóÇáúÃóÖúÈóØó ÝóÇáúÃóÖúÈóØó¡ æóÇáúÃóØúæóáó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉð áöãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ÃóÞóáøó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉð¡ Ëõãøó íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöäú ÚöÔúÑöíäó æóÌúåðÇ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ÍóÊøóì íõåóÐøöÈõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáÒøóáóáö¡ æóíóÖúÈöØõæÇ ÍõÑõæÝóåõ¡ æóíóÚõÏøõæåõ ÚóÏøðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÝúÖóáö äöÚóãö Çááøóåö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóäóÓúÊóæúÒöÚõ Çááøóåó ÔõßúÑó åóÐöåö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÃõãøóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ãõäúÐõ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó ÃõãóäóÇÁó íóÍúÝóÙõæäó ÂËóÇÑó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó: ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÎóÕøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÈöËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó áóãú íõÚúØöåóÇ ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåóÇ: ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÈö.
æóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ØóÇåöÑò ãöäú ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö ÈöÓóäóÏöåö Åöáóì ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö(3/330)
ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóäúÙóáöíøö ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÃóáóäöí Úóäú ÍóÏöíËò ÝóÐóßóÑúÊõåõ áóåõ ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÓóÃóáóäöí Úóäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÒøóãúäóì ; ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóÑóÇãóÉñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó áöÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö: (ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö¡ áóæúáóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ áóÞóÇáó ãóäú ÔóÇÁó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó) .
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóØúáõÈõ ÃóãúÑó Ïöíäöåö ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ßóãóËóáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÊóÞöí ÇáÓøóØúÍó ÈöáóÇ Óõáøóãò.
æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Úóäúåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ãõÓúáöãò: (ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúÞóæóÇÆöãõ) íóÚúäöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöãóäú ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú ÍóÏöíËò Úóäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ: ( «Åöäøó Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÝóÇæöÒó ÊóäúÞóØöÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÚúäóÇÞõ ÇáúãóØöíøö» ) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÞóÇáó: (ãóËóáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏò ßóãóËóáö ÍóÇØöÈö áóíúáò) .
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: (ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÓöáóÇÍõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚóåõ ÓöáóÇÍñ ÝóÈöÃóíö ÔóíúÁò íõÞóÇÊöáõ¿) .
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÞöíøóÉõ: (ÐóÇßóÑúÊõ ÍóãøóÇÏó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÌúæóÏóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó áóåóÇ ÃóÌúäöÍóÉñ¿ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏó) .
æóÞóÇáó ãóØóÑñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæú ÃóËóÇÑóÉò ãöäú Úöáúãò} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 4] ¡ ÞóÇáó: (ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) .(3/331)
[ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÓõäøóÉñ] :
(æóØóáóÈõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö) ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÞöáøóÉõ ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö Ãóæú ÞöÏóãõ ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóæú æóÝóÇÊöåö (ÓõäøóÉñ) Úóãøóäú ÓóáóÝó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: Åöäøóåõ ÓõäøóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ¡ ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ãóÌöíÁö ÖöãóÇãö Èúäö ËóÚúáóÈóÉó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöíóÓúãóÚó ãöäúåõ ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉð ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ áóåõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáöåö Åöáóíúåöãú ; ÅöÐú áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøò áóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓõÄóÇáóåõ ÚóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Èöåö ÑóÓõæáõåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóÑúßó ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑöåö Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑöåö áóåõ.
æóáóßöäú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÖöãóÇãò: (ÂãóäúÊõ ÈöãóÇ ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö) ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÌøóÍóåõ ÚöíóÇÖñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÖóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ãõÓúÊóËúÈöÊðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÑóÓõæáõåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ËóÇÈöÊò Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÚöäúÏó ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö: (ÝóÅöäøó ÑóÓõæáóßó ÒóÚóãó) ¡ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ßõÑóíúÈò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÚöäúÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö: ( «ÃóÊóÊúäóÇ ßõÊõÈõßó¡ æóÃóÊóÊúäóÇ ÑõÓõáõßó» ) .
ÃóãøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: (ÂãóäúÊõ) ÅöäúÔóÇÁñ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÕóäöíÚö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈò ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúãõÔúÑößö íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó¡ æóÑóÌøóÍóåõ ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ ãõÊóãóÓøößðÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (ÒóÚóãó) ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÒøóÚúãó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõæËóÞõ Èöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøößøöíÊö æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÌöíÆõåõ æóåõæó ÔóÇßøñ áößóæúäöåö áóãú íõÕóÏøöÞúåõ¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Þóæúãõåõ áöíóÓúÃóáó áóåõãú.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: (æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ: ÝóÇáÒøóÚúãõ íõØúáóÞõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÍóÞøóÞö ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÝóÕöíÍö ÔóíúÎöåö ËóÚúáóÈò¡ æóÃóßúËóÑó ÓöíÈóæóíúåó ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ÒóÚóãó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ: Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÅöäúÔóÇÁð áóßóÇäó ØóáóÈó ãõÚúÌöÒóÉð ÊõæÌöÈõ áóåõ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞó¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøó ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúãõÞóáøöÏö áöáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóáóæú(3/332)
áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú áóåõ ãõÚúÌöÒóÉñ) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóØóÑóÞóåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÚóíøóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÖöãóÇãñ ÞóÕóÏó ÇáúÚõáõæøó¡ æóßóÐóÇ äóÇÒóÚó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÞóÕóÏó Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö: ( «æóÃóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ ãóäú æóÑóÇÆöí» ) . æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÍóÊøõãö ÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÝóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áößóæúäöåö ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó áóåõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÊóãöíãò ÇáÏøóÇÑöíøö áóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØõÑõÞö ÍóÏöíËöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÓøóÇÓóÉö: ( «íóÇ Êóãöíãõ¡ ÍóÏøöËö ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöãóÇ ÍóÏøóËúÊóäöí» ) . æóÈöÞóæúáöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ: ( «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÑúäöí» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõáõæøó íõÞóÑøöÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÚóÇáöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÛóÑö ÑóÌóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóíúÎõæÎóÉö æóÇáúßöÈóÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÞóÑúäò ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Ýöíåö æóÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóíóáöíåö.
æóíõÔöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö Þóæúáõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ÇáØøõæÓöíøö: ÞõÑúÈõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÞõÑóÈñ¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÞõÑúÈóÉñ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÈó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò ÞõÑúÈñ Åöáóì Çááøóåö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÔóÇåöíäó Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö (ãóÇ ÞóÑõÈó ÓóäóÏõåõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó) ãöäú ÊóÎúÑöíÌöåö: äóÑúÌõæ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ãóäú äóßõæäó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÑúäöí Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú» ) .
Ëõãøó ÃóÓúäóÏó Åöáóì ÒõÑóÇÑóÉó Èúäö ÃóæúÝóì ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞóÑúäõ ãöÇÆóÉñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÚóÇãðÇ. ÞõáúÊõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÞúÕóì ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÃóÔúåóÑóåõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈõÓúÑò ÚöäúÏó ãõÓúáöãò ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó(3/333)
ÇáúÞóÑúäó ãöÇÆóÉñ.
æóíõãúßöäõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ áöáúÚõáõæøö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò Úóäú ÑõÄúíóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó¡ æóÃóÚúáóãóåõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö æóßóíúÝöíøóÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: (ÃóáúÞöåö Úóáóì ÈöáóÇáò) ¡ æóáóãú íõáúÞöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Íöíäó ÓóãöÚó Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö: (áóæú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÏúÎõáõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÏóÎóáúÊõ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÔóÇÝöåóäöí Èöåö) .
æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö áóåõ ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö ; ÅöÐú Ýöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÒöáö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ - ÅöÈúØóÇáñ áóåóÇ æóÊóÑúßõåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÍóáó ÎóáúÞñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö ØóáóÈðÇ áöáúÚõáõæøö ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: (æóßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö íóÑúÍóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÝóíóÊóÚóáøóãõæäó ãöäú ÚõãóÑó æóíóÓúãóÚõæäóåõ ãöäúåõ) .
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÔóÇåöÏñ áöÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÚõáõæøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ¡ Èóáú áóãú íóÍúßö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÎöáóÇÝóåõ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íõßúÊóÝóì ÈöÓóãóÇÚö ÇáäøóÇÒöáö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÚóÇáöí¡ æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö æóÚóÏóãöåö ãóÐúåóÈóíúäö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãöäú ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Þóæúáó ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: (áóíúÓó ßõáøõäóÇ ßóÇäó íóÓúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ßóÇäóÊú áóäóÇ ÖöíóÇÚñ æóÃóÔúÛóÇáñ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ íóßúÐöÈõæäó íóæúãóÆöÐò¡ ÝóíõÍóÏøöËõ ÇáÔøóÇåöÏõ ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈó) .
æóÞóæúáó ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò: ßõäøóÇ äóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÓøöÎúÊöíóÇäöíøö ÝóäóÓúãóÚõ ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäú(3/334)
ÃóíøõæÈó ÝóäóßúÊõÈõåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ äóÓúÃóáõ ãóäú ÃóíøõæÈõ. æóãóíøóáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö Èöåö ; ÍóíúËõ ÝóæøóÊó ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÈöÇáúÚõáõæøö ãóäú íóÓúÊóÑúÔöÏõ Èöåö áöáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö æóäóÍúæöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò: Åöäú ÝóÇÊóßó ÍóÏöíËñ ÈöÚõáõæøò æóÌóÏúÊóåõ ÈöäõÒõæáò¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÇÊóßó ÚóÞúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÊóì - æóÚóäóì ÅöãóÇãóäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó ÑóÍöãóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ - ÃóæúÔóßó Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÑóÇåõ.
[ÊóÝúÖöíáõ ÇáäøõÒõæáö æóÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóíúåö] :
(æóÞóÏú ÝóÖøóáó ÈóÚúÖñ) ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò æóÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÚóíøöäóíúäö áóåõ (ÇáäøõÒõæáó) ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõáõæøó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÒøõåøóÇÏö - ãöäú ÒöíäóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: æóåõæó ßóáóÇãñ æóÇÞöÚñ¡ ÝóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇáöÈöíäó Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáó: æóÞóæúáõåõãõ: ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÞõÑúÈñ ãöäó Çááøóåö íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÞöíÞò æóÈóÍúËò¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áöãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÌöåóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÑóÇÏò¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäú íóÌúÊóåöÏó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÌóÑúÍö ãóäú íóÑúæöí Úóäúåõ æóÊóÚúÏöíáöåö¡ æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ Ýöí ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÑõæóÇÉö ÇáäøóÇÒöáö ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ Ýöíåö ÃóæúÝóÑó.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÎóáøóÇÏò: æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú íóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÃóÞúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÍúËó - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáúÌóáöíøö¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøó ÊóÞúÏöíãó ÇáäøóÇÒöáö ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöãóÇáöåö Úóáóì ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöÊóßúËöíÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö íóÊóÖóãøóäõ ÊóÑúÌöíÍó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö. æóíõÓóÇÚöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÙóÇåöÑõ Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò: áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýöí(3/335)
ÝõÓúÍóÉò ãöäú Ïöíäöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóØúáõÈö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó¡ íóÚúäöí: ÇáÊøóÛóÇáöíó Ýöíåö.
æóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ (ÈóÚúÖò) ÈöáóÇ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉò Þóáöíáñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí (ÛóíúÑò) ãöäú ãóÑóÇÊöÈö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö.
(æóåúæó) ; Ãóíö: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáäøõÒõæáö¡ (ÑóÏú) ; Ãóíú: ãóÑúÏõæÏñ Úóáóì ÞóÇÆöáöåö ; áöÖóÚúÝöåö æóÖóÚúÝö ÍõÌøóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; áöÃóäøó ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö - ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö - áóíúÓóÊú ãóØúáõæÈóÉð áöäóÝúÓöåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó: æóãõÑóÇÚóÇÉõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö - æóåõæó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ - Ãóæúáóì¡ æóÃóíøóÏóåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÈöãóËóÇÈóÉö ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó áöáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÝóíóÓúáõßõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞó ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉó áöÊóßúËöíÑö ÇáúÎõØóÇ ÑóÛúÈóÉð Ýöí ÊóßúËöíÑö ÇáúÃóÌúÑö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÏøóÇåõ ÓõáõæßõåóÇ Åöáóì ÝóæúÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Åöáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóÈõÚúÏõ Çáúæóåúãö¡ æóßõáøóãóÇ ßóËõÑó ÑöÌóÇáõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÊóØóÑøóÞó Åöáóíúåö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáúÎóáóáö¡ æóßõáøóãóÇ ÞóÕõÑó ÇáÓøóäóÏõ ßóÇäó ÃóÓúáóãó.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãöäúåõãú¡ Ãóíú: æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ ãóäú íóÑóì Ãóäøó ÓóãóÇÚó ÇáúÚóÇáöí ÃóÝúÖóáõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏó ãõÎóÇØöÑñ¡ æóÓõÞõæØõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãõÓúÞöØñ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÐóáößó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÇáúÚõáõæøõ íõÈúÚöÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö ; áöÃóäøó ßõáøó ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáöåö íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóÞóÚó ÇáúÎóáóáõ ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö ÓóåúæðÇ Ãóæú ÚóãúÏðÇ¡ ÝóÝöí ÞöáøóÊöåöãú ÞöáøóÉõ ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúÎóáóáö¡ æóÝöí ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú ßóËúÑóÉõ ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúÎóáóáö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ Ìóáöíøñ æóÇÖöÍñ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ æóÌúåðÇ ÌóíøöÏðÇ áöÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáØøóÇáöÈöíäó íóÊóÝóÇæóÊõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóËõÑóÊö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØõ¡ æóæóÞóÚó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÇÓöØóÉò ÊóÓóÇåõáñ ãóÇ¡ ßóËõÑó ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóÇáÒøóáóáõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóáøóÊö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØõ Þóáøó. ÇäúÊóåóì.(3/336)
æóåóÐóÇ ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ãóÇ ÞóáøóÊú æóÓóÇÆöØõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóËõÑóÊú ; áöÃóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÇáúÛóáóØö ÝöíãóÇ ÞóáøóÊú æóÓóÇÆöØõåõ ÃóÞóáøõ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ãóÇ Úóáøóáó Èöåö ÊóÝúÖöíáó ÇáäøõÒõæáö ÞóÏú íõæåöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ßóÐóáößó æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÑóÇæöíó ÇáúÚóÇáöí ÃóÍúÝóÙó Ãóæú ÃóæúËóÞó Ãóæú ÃóÖóÈóØó Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÌóÒúãðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóì ÇáäøõÒõæáö ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÈöÖöÏøöåö áóÇ ÊóÑóÏøõÏó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö - Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÒõæáó ÃóÞúæóì¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ æóÓóÃóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóãóÍóáøõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝö ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáÚøõáõæøó¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ¡ æóØóáóÈõåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò - ãöäú Úõáõæö åöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö¡ æóäõÈúáö ÞóÏúÑöåö¡ æóÌóÒóÇáóÉö ÑóÃúíöåö.
æóáöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÞúáö Úóáóì ØóáóÈöåöãú áóåõ¡ æóãóÏúÍöåöãú ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó áóãú íõæÑöÏú Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÍóÏöíËó ãóÇáößò ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ; áößóæúäöåö áóÇ íóÕöáõ áöãóÇáößò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÊóíúäö¡ æóåõæó ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöÅöÏúÑóÇßöåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ ßóÇáúÞóÚúäóÈöíøö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÑó ÇáäøõÒõæáó ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÚõáõæøö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ: æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóáóì ÔõÚóíúÈò ; ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóÃóÞóáøó ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóÚúãóÑò ; áöÃóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÍóÏöíËö ãóÚúãóÑò æóÞóÚó áóåõ ÈöäõÒõæáò¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó ÞóÏú Ñóæóì Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõãú ÊöáúãöíÐõåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉò Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõãú ; ßóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäöíÚò¡ æóÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÑõÔóíúÏò¡ æóÓõÑóíúÌö Èúäö íõæäõÓó¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ æóÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÎõÊõáøöíøö¡ æóÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò¡ æóåóÇÑõæäó Èúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝò.
ãóÚó Ãóäøó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ ; ÅöãøóÇ áößóæúäöåö áóãú íóÓúãóÚú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÅöáøóÇ(3/337)
ãöäúåõãú¡ Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÈóÓóØúÊõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö. æóÞöíáó áöÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò Ýöí ãóÑóÖöåö ÇáøóÐöí ãóÇÊó Ýöíåö: ãóÇ ÊóÔúÊóåöí¿ ÞóÇáó: ÈóíúÊñ ÎóÇáò¡ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÚóÇáò.
(æó) ÞóÏú (ÞóÓøóãõæåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÞóÓøóãó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõãóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøó (ÎóãúÓóÉð) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö¡ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ßóáóÇãóíö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóíúäö Ýöí ãóÇåöíøóÉö ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÊóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Úõáõæøö ãóÓóÇÝóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÞöáøóÉõ ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöØö¡ æóÅöáóì Úõáõæøö ÕöÝóÉò.
[ÃóÌúáøõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúÞõÑúÈõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò] : (ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö ãöãøóÇ åõæó Úõáõæøõ ãóÓóÇÝóÉò Úõáõæøñ ãõØúáóÞñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ Ýöíåö (ÞõÑúÈñ) ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ (ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö) Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÇÑóÉð íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÓóäóÏò ÂÎóÑó ÝóÃóßúËóÑó íóÑöÏõ Èöåö Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÚóÏóÏõåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ.
(æó) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ (åõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáõ) ÇáúÃóÌóáøõ ãöäú ÈóÇÞöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚóæóÇáöí¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÍóáøõåõ (Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÈó ãóÚó ÖóÚúÝöåö ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÈóÚúÖö ÑõæóÇÊöåö áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÏó Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ Åöäö ÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáÖøóÚúÝõ ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÏøóÚóæõÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; ßóÃóÈöí åõÏúÈóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö åõÏúÈóÉó¡ æóÎöÑóÇÔò¡ æóÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈöíøö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÇáúÃóÔóÌøö¡ æóßóËöíÑö Èúäö Óõáóíúãò¡ æóãõæÓóì ÇáØøóæöíáö¡ æóäóÇÝöÚò ÃóÈöí åõÑúãõÒò¡ æóäóÌúÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÑõæÑöíøö¡ æóíõÓúÑò ãóæúáóì ÃóäóÓò¡ æóíóÚúáóì Èúäó ÇáúÃóÔúÏóÞö¡ æóíóÛúäóãó Èúäö ÓóÇáöãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáÓøóÞøóÇÁö.
Ãóæö ÇÏøóÚóì Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ; ßóÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ãóÍúãõæÏò ÇáúãóÇÑöÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÑóÊóäò æóÓóÑöÈóÇÊößó ÇáúåöäúÏöíøóíúäö¡ æóãóÚúãóÑò¡ æóäóÓúØõæÑó Ãóæö ÇÈúäö äóÓúØõæÑó ÇáÑøõæãöíøö¡ æóíõÓúÑö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÂÊöí ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(3/338)
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÔóÏó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ Úóäúåõ Þóæúáóåõ:
ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö äóÓúØõæÑò æóíõÓúÑò æóíóÛúäóãó ... æóÞóæúáõ ÃóÔóÌøó ÇáúÛóÑúÈö Ëõãøó ÎöÑóÇÔö æóäõÓúÎóÉõ ÏöíäóÇÑò æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÊöÑúÈöåö
ÃóÈöí åõÏúÈóÉó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö ÔöÈúåõ ÝóÑóÇÔö.
æóÚóÒøóÒóåõãóÇ ãõÍóãøõÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÇÈöÑö ÇáúæóÇÏöí ÂÔöí ÈöËóÇáöËò:
ÑóÊóäñ ËóÇãöäñ æóÇáúãóÇÑöÏöíäöíøõ ÊóÇÓöÚñ ... ÑóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ãóÍúãõæÏò æóÐóáößó ÝóÇÔö
æóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÇ ÑóÊóäñ¡ áóßóÇäó ÃóÕúáóÍó.
æóÞóÏú äóÙóãó ÛóÇáöÈó ÇáÕøöäúÝóíúäö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ äóÇÕöÑö ÇáÏøöíäö ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ÍóÏöíËñ áöÓöÊøóÉò ... ÝóÚõÏú æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÈóáú ÝóÐóÇßó ÊóÎóÑøõÕõ ÑóÊóäò æóÇÈúäö äóÓúØõæÑò æóíõÓúÑò ãóÚúãóÑò
æóÓóÑöÈóÇÊößó Ëõãøó ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáúãõÞóáøöÕõ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÈóáõæÇ Úóäú ÕóÇÍöÈò Þóæúáó äóÌúÏóÉð ... ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáÓøóÞøóÇ æóíóÛúäóãó ÝóÇÍúÑöÕõæÇ æóíõÓúÑò æóÏöíäóÇÑò ÎöÑóÇÔò ÃóÔóÌøó ãóÚó
ÝóÊóì ÈóßúÑò ÏóÇÑó ÇÈúäñ áöåõÏúÈóÉó íóÑúÞõÕõ
æóÊóãúíöíÒõ ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÚóÇáöí ãöäú ÓóÞöíãöåö íóÚúÓõÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÆö¡ æóíóÓúåõáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö¡ æóáöÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ãöíÒóÇäöåö: ãóÊóì ÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËó íóÝúÑóÍõ ÈöÚóæóÇáöí ÃóÈöí åõÏúÈóÉó - æóÓóãøóì ÛóíúÑóåõ ãöãøóäú ÓóãøóíúäóÇåõãú æóÃóÖúÑóÇÈöåöãú - ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇãøöíøñ ÈóÚúÏõ.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÔóÑóÝö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáúÍóÇßöãö æóÇáúÎóáöíáöíøö: áóíúÓó ÇáúÚóÇáöí ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãóÇ(3/339)
íóÊóæóåøóãõåõ ÚóæóÇãøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ íóÚõÏøõæäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈó ÚóÏóÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÊóæóåøóãõæäóåõ ÃóÚúáóì¡ ßóäõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúÎóÖöÑö Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäó Úóäú ÃóÈóÇäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÏúÈóÉó Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ æóäõÓúÎóÉö ÎöÑóÇÔò¡ æóÓóãøóì ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ æóåóÐöåö áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇäöíÏó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäúåóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ æóÇÍöÏñ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÈöÚóÏóÏö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö äõÓúÎóÉõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö æóÍõãóíúÏò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóãöäó ÇáúÚóÌöíÈö Ãóäøó ÔóíúÎó ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ ÇáÓøóÑøóÇÌó Èúäó ÇáúãõáóÞøöäö ãóÚó ÌóáóÇáóÊöåö ÚóÞóÏó ãóÌúáöÓó ÇáúÅöãúáóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃóãúáóì - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáöíøóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÏóáó Åöáóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÎöÑóÇÔò æóÃóÖúÑóÇÈöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó ÝóÑöÍðÇ ÈöÚõáõæøöåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: (æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÚöíÈõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÞúÏö¡ æóíóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÒõæáó ÍöíäóÆöÐò Ãóæúáóì ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ßóÇáúÚóÏóãö) . ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÃóÚúáóì ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ áóäóÇ ãöäú Èóíúäö ÇáúÞõÏóãóÇÁö ãöäú ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÃóäúÝõÓò¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÛóíúáóÇäöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÌõÒúÁö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÝóÉó¡ æóÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÛöØúÑöíÝö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÊóÞóÚõ áöí ÇáúÚõÔóÇÑöíøóÇÊõ ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáúãõÊóãóÇÓößö ãöäú (ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö(3/340)
ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö) áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÂäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÏö.
æóßóÐóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÚõÔóÇÑöíøóÇÊõ áöÔóíúÎöí ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãõÊóãóÇÓößóÉö¡ æóáöÔõíõæÎöåö ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóÃóãúáóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÌõãóáðÇ¡ æóÎóÑøóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ãöäú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊö ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáÊøóäõæÎöíøö ãöÇÆóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóãöäú ãóÑúæöíøóÇÊö ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÓöÊøöíäó ßóãøóáó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÎóÑøóÌóåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö.
æóÃõÝúÑöÏóÊö ÇáÊøõÓóÇÚöíøóÇÊö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ ; ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöÒøö ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäö ÌõãóÇÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóíóÇäöíøö. æóßóÐóÇ áöÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇááøóÎúãöíøö ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÍóíøóÇäó ÇáÊøõÓóÇÚöíøóÇÊõ.
æóÃõÝúÑöÏóÊö ÇáËøóãóÇäöíøóÇÊö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóäú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ æóÇÓöØóÊóÇäö ; ßóÇáäøóÌöíÈö ÇáúÍóÑøóÇäöíøö æóãõÄúäöÓóÉó ÎóÇÊõæäó¡ æóßóÐóÇ áöáÑøóÔöíÏö ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑö æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö.
æóÇáÓøõÈóÇÚöíøóÇÊö áöãóäú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ ËóáóÇËóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöØó ; ßóÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÕøóíúÏóáóÇäöíøö.
æóÇáÓøõÏóÇÓöíøóÇÊö áöãóäú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ ÎóãúÓóÉñ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÒóÇåöÑö Èúäö(3/341)
ØóÇåöÑò.
æóÇáúÎõãóÇÓöíøóÇÊö áöãóäú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ ÎóãúÓóÉñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáäøóÞøõæÑö æóÒóÇåöÑò ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÃõÝúÑöÏóÊú ãöäú (Óõäóäö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøö) æóÇáÑøõÈóÇÚöíøóÇÊö áöãóäú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ ÓóÈúÚóÉñ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóåöíó ÃóÚúáóì ãóÇ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò) æó (ÃóÈöí ÚóæóÇäóÉó) æó (ÇáÓøõäóäö) áöáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøõáóÇËöíøóÇÊõ¡ ÝóÝöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÅöãóÇãöäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ãöäúåóÇ ÌõãúáóÉñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ Ýöí (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó) ¡ æóãóÇ íóäöíÝõ Úóäú ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ýöí (ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏó ãõÓúáöãò ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØöåö¡ æóÍóÏöíËñ æóÇÍöÏñ Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ æóÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó Ýöí ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú¡ áóßöäú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊøóåóãöíäó. æóÝöí ãóÚóÇÌöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúíóÓöíÑõ.
æóÇáËøõäóÇÆöíøóÇÊõ Ýöí (ãõæóØøóÃö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ãóÇáößò) ¡ æóáöáúæõÍúÏóÇäö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ áóßöäú ÈöÓóäóÏò ÛóíúÑö ãóÞúÈõæáò ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉó áóåõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
[ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÈö Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö] :
(æó) ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö: Úõáõæøñ äöÓúÈöíøñ¡ æóåõæó (ÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈö Åöáóì ÅöãóÇãò) ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ðöí ÕöÝóÉò ÚóáöíøóÉò ãöäú ÍöÝúÙò æóÝöÞúåò æóÖóÈúØò ; ßóÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÇááøóíúËö¡ æóãóÇáößò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ æóåõÔóíúãò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóäú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó Åöäú ÕóÍøó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Åöáóíúåö ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈöÇáÓøóäóÏö(3/342)
ÇáúÌóíøöÏö ÊöÓúÚóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöØó¡ ÅöáøóÇ åõÔóíúãðÇ ÝóËóãóÇäöíóÉñ¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÝóÉó.
Ëõãøó ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ãöäú ÐóÇßó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Åöáóì ãõäúÊóåóÇåõ ÚóÇáöíðÇ ; ßóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö æóÍõãóíúÏò æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ Ãóæú äóÇÒöáðÇ ßóÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó Úóäú ÈõßóíúÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÔóÌøö Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÈöíÈò Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÎöíóÇÑö Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ áóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáöí ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÞõÕúæóì.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóÌó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÚõáõæøó Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈö ÊóÕúäöíÝò ; ßóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ËóãóÇäöíóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöØó¡ Èóáú æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÃóÞóáøõ¡ æóÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ÞöÓúãò ãõÓúÊóÞöáøò.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÞöÓúãóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈóíö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóËóÇäöíåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö æóÃóÔúÈóÇåöåöãóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÍóÏöíËö åóÄõáóÇÁö íóÞóÚõ áóäóÇ ÈöÚõáõæøò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌöåóÊöåöãú¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇáöíðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ.
[ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö] :
(æó) ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÕöáúåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Úóäö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ØóÇåöÑò ÅöáøóÇ ÖöãúäðÇ: (Úõáõæøñ äöÓúÈöí) ¡ áóßöäú ãõÞóíøóÏñ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÈöäöÓúÈóÉò áöáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö) ÇáøóÊöí åöíó: ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÇäö æóÇáÓøõäóäõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ áóÇ ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáöÐóÇ áóãú íõÞóíøöÏúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóíøóÏóåõ ÈöÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÔóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌóãøóÇáõ Èúäõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ; ÍóíúËõ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáõæåõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÜ (ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó) æóáóÇ ãõÔóÇÍøóÉó Ýöíåö.
(ÅöÐú íóäúÒöáõ ãóÊúäñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåóÇ ÃõÎöÐú) ; Ãóíú: äõÞöáó¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÃóäú íóÞóÚó áóäóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ Ýöí (ÝóæóÇÆöÏö(3/343)
ÇáúÎöáóÚöíøö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÒøóÚúÝóÑóÇäöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó Ýöíåö ÊöÓúÚóÉñ¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÚúáóì ãöãøóÇ áóæú ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ãöäøóÇ Åöáóì ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ãóæú ãóäú ÃõÔöíÑó Åöáóíúåö ËóãóÇäöíóÉð¡ æóåõæó æóÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÇËúäóÇäö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉñ.
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇáöíðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ßóÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «íóæúãó ßóáøóãó Çááøóåõ ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÌõÈøóÉñ ÕõæÝò» ) ; ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóæú ÑóæóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÌõÒúÁö ÇÈúäö ÚóÑóÝóÉó Úóäú ÎóáóÝö Èúäö ÎóáöíÝóÉó íóßõæäõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöãøóÇ äóÑúæöíåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍóÌóÑò Úóäú ÎóáóÝò ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÚõáõæøðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÞóÚõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Çáúíóæúãó áöÃóÍóÏò ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöäóÇ áóåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊõ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáÊøóÑúÌóãóÉö.
[ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ æóÇáúÈóÏóáõ]
(741) ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú Ýöí ÔóíúÎöåö ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞóåú ... ãóÚó Úõáõæøò Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóåú
(742) Ãóæú ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö ßóÐóÇßó ÝóÇáúÈóÏóáú ... æóÅöäú íóßõäú ÓóÇæóÇåõ ÚóÏøðÇ ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáú
(743) Ýóåúæó ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ æóÍóíúËõ ÑóÇÌóÍóåú ... ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóåú
[ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ æóÇáúÈóÏóáõ] : (ÝóÅöäú íóßõäú) ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌõ (Ýöí ÔóíúÎöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÔóíúÎö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ (ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞóåú) ¡ ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãóËóáðÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ ÝóäõÎúÑöÌõåõ äóÍúäõ ãöäú ÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö¡ æóÐóáößó (ãóÚó Úõáõæøò) ÈöÏóÑóÌóÉò ßóãóÇ åõäóÇ¡(3/344)
æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÃßúËóÑó ÚóãøóÇ áóæú ÑóæóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ (Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóåú) ; ÅöÐú ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö.
Ãóæú Åöäú íóßõäö ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌõ æóÇÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ýöí (ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö ßóÐóÇßó) ; Ãóíú: ãóÚó Úõáõæøò ÈöÏóÑóÌóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó ; ßóÍóÏöíËò íõæÑöÏõåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäö ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ ÝóäõÎúÑöÌõåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóäöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ¡ áóßöäú ãõÞóíøóÏóÉñ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉñ Ýöí ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎö ÝõáóÇäò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö (ÝóÜ) åõæó (ÇáúÈóÏóáú) ; áöæõÞõæÚöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÑóÇæò ÈóÏóáó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö.
æóãöäú áóØöíÝö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÚóÒöíÒöåóÇ ãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ áößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóãõÓúáöãò ãóÚó Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎò ÛóíúÑö ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ýöíåö¡ æóáóåõ ÃóãúËöáóÉñ:
ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÞóÇáó: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáØøóáúÍöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÛóäøóÇãò¡ ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ËóäóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ãóÎúáóÏò ÇáúÞóØóæóÇäöíøõ¡ ËóäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÈöáóÇáò¡ ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú Óóåúáö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «Åöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÈóÇÈðÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáÑøóíøóÇäõ» ) ; ÝóÅöäøó ãõÓúáöãðÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáúÞóØóæóÇäöíøö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó áóäóÇ ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉñ áóåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÔóíúÎóíúåöãóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ Ýöíåö Ýöí ÔóíúÎò íóÑúæöíóÇäö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö: ßóËöíÑñ¡ íóÚúäöí áöÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú æóßóÐóÇ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ßóËöíÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙóãóåõãõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÈõäúÏóÇÑñ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ... ÓóÚöíÏò ÚóãúÑñæ æóÞóíúÓöíøõ æóÍóÓøóÇäöí(3/345)
íóÚúÞõæÈõ æóÇáúÚóäúÈóÑöíøõ ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ åõãõ
ãóÔóÇíöÎõ ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäö
ÝóÈõäúÏóÇÑñ åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì åõæó ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ æóÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøõ åõæó äóÕúÑõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ æóÚóãúÑñæ åõæó ÇÈúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÝóáøóÇÓõ¡ æóÇáúÞóíúÓöíøõ åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÚúãóÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓøóÇäöíøõ åõæó ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì¡ æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÏøóæúÑóÞöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÚóäúÈóÑöíøõ åõæó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ æóÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ åõæó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó áóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ áóãú ÊóÞóÚú ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÒóãó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ æóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì äóÙóÑò¡ æóÞóÏú Ðóíøóáó ÇáúÈóÏúÑõ Èúäõ ÓóáóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö:
æóÃóÈõæ ßõÑóíúÈò ÑóæóæúÇ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóÌúãóÚöåöãú ... æóÇáúÝöíÑóíóÇÈöíøõ Þóáøó ÔóíúÎñ áóåõãú ËóÇäö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌöíäó áóÇ íõØúáöÞõæäó ÇÓúãó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÏóáö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÚõáõæøö¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÝõÞöÏó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊõæäó áöÐóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÃóØúáóÞóåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäú ÚóáóÇ Þöíáó: ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉð ÚóÇáöíóÉð Ãóæú ÈóÏóáðÇ ÚóÇáöíðÇ¡ æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íóÚúÊóÈöÑõæäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉó æóÇáúÈóÏóáó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÑóäøóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÓúãõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúÈóÏóáö æóÇÞöÚñ ÈöÏõæäöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
Èóáú Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøö æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøõÒõæáö¡ áóßöäú ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ¡(3/346)
ßóãóÇ ÞõíøöÏóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉñ äóÇÒöáóÉñ.
[ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ æóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ] : (æóÅöäú íóßõäú) ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌõ (ÓóÇæóÇåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÓóÇæóì ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö (ÚóÏøðÇ ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáú) ; Ãóíú: ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÏøö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌö æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÞõæÝö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö¡ Ãóæú ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ Úóáóì ÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõ¡ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÃóÍóÏö ãóäú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ãõáóÇÍóÙóÉö ÐóÇßó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö.
(Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ) áöÊóÓóÇæöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ æóåöíó ãóÝúÞõæÏóÉñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö æóãóÇ ÞóÇÑóÈóåóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö æóãóäú Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÊöåöãú.
äóÚóãú¡ íóÞóÚõ áóäóÇ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ; ßóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö æóÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö Ýöí (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö) æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚóÊú áöí ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ ãóÚó ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ãóÊúäò ãõÊøóÍöÏò¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóäöí - ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõ - Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÑõæóÇÉò.
æóßóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó áöáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÍóÏöíËñ ÚõÔóÇÑöíøñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÇ: ÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò ÈõäúÏóÇÑñ¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ¡ ÞóÇáóÇ: ËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóäú ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÚúÝöíøö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÞóæóÇÑöíÑöíøö æóíõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö Úóäú åöáóÇáö Èúäö íóÓóÇÝò Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò Úóäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì Úóäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( « {Þõáú åõæó Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ} [ÇáÅÎáÇÕ: 1] ËõáõËñ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö» ) .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ÚóÞöÈóåõ: áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÃóØúæóáó ãöäú åóÐóÇ. ÞõáúÊõ:(3/347)
æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöËóÇáñ áöåóÐóÇ.
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ (ÍóíúËõ ÑóÇÌóÍóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúáõ) ; Ãóíú: ÒóÇÏó ÃóÍóÏõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌö ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò¡ ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö æóÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÚóÔúÑóÉñ ãóËóáðÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌö æóÈóíúäóåõ ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÓúÊóæöí ãóÚó ÊöáúãöíÐöåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌö ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ áöáÔøóíúÎö.
æó (ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóåú) áöáúãõÎóÑøöÌö¡ æóÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÌóÑóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ÈöÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóáóÇÞöíóíúäö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ßóÃóäøóåõ áóÇÞóì ÃóÍóÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÕóÇÝóÍóåõ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ áöÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ áöÔóíúÎöåö Ãóæú áöÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ áöÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÑøöÌõæäó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ íõäóÈøöåõæäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ Ýöíåö æóÊóäúÔöíØðÇ áöØóÇáöÈöíåö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóßóÃóäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ - æóíõÓóãøöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó ÇáøóÐöí æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóÕóÇÝõÍõ ãóÚóåõ - æóÕóÇÝóÍúÊõåõ.
æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÃóäúÊó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö Ýöí ÐößúÑö Ðóáößó æóÚóÏóãöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊóåõ ÝóÃóäúÊó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ áöÔóíúÎößó Ãóæú ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎößó¡ Èóíúäó Ãóäú ÊõÚóíøöäóåõ ÈöÃóäú ÊóÞõæáó: æóßóÃóäøó ÔóíúÎöí Ãóæú ÔóíúÎó ÔóíúÎöí¡ Ãóæú ÊóÞõæáó: ÝóßóÃóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóÞóØú.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÃóãøöáö Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉö æóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÊóíúäö áóßó áóÇ íóáúÊóÞöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏõßó æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚöíÏðÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ ÝóíóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóæú ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÐúßõÑõåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú áóßó Èóáú áöãóäú ÝóæúÞóßó ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáö ÅöÓúäóÇÏößó Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÊöÞóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÎö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ æóÏóÇÎóáóÊö ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ãõÓóÇæóÇÉò æóãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉò ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉò ; ÅöÐú ÍóÇÕöáõåóÇ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÑõæóÇÉö ÅöÓúäóÇÏößó ÇáúÚóÇáöí ÓóÇæóì Ãóæú ÕóÇÝóÍó(3/348)
ÐóÇßó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝó ; áößóæúäöåö ÓóãöÚó ãöãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåöãóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÃóÎøõÑö ØóÈóÞóÊöåö Úóäú ØóÈóÞóÊöåöãóÇ.
ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö Úõáõæøñ ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöäõÒõæáò ; ÅöÐú áóæúáóÇ äõÒõæáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö áóãú ÊóÚúáõ ÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏößó. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃó ÈöãóÑúæó Úóáóì ÔóíúÎöåö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö Èúäö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÑóßóÇÊö ÇáúÝõÑóÇæöíøö¡ æóãóÑøó ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÃóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ åõæó Ãóæú ÔóíúÎõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö: (Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóßó ÈöÚóÇáò¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö äóÇÒöáñ) .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÓóäñ áóØöíÝñ íóÎúÏöÔõ æóÌúåó åóÐóÇ ÇáúäóæúÚö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö) .
áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãóÚó Úõáõæøöåö ÇáäøöÓúÈöíøö ÚóÇáöíðÇ áöÐóÇßó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: (Åöäú íóÊóÃóÎøóÑú ÑóÝöíÞõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö Ýöí ÓóãóÇÚöåö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö¡ Ëõãøó íóÓúãóÚõ ãöäúåõ ãóäú ÊóÊóÃóÎøóÑõ æóÝóÇÊõåõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÕõáõ áöáúãõÎóÑøöÌö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äõÒõæáò áöÐóÇßó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö) .
æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇáö¡ æóãöäú ÃóæúÓóÚöåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ æóåõæó ÖóÎúãñ ÃóäúÈóÃó Úóäú ÊóÈóÍøõÑöåö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ(3/349)
ÎóÑøóÌó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉó æóÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉó.
æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóãúËöáóÉò ãöãøóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉõ¡ Èóáú æóÐóßóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóÈöíåðÇ ÈöÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÑøóÑó Ãóäøó ßõÊõÈó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö æóÔöÈúåöåö ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÊóíúäö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãõÕóäøöÝöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÌóáøõ ÔóíúÎò áöáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉó ãóÝúÞõæÏóÉñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú æóÞóÚóÊú áöÞõÏóãóÇÁö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúäöí Ãõãøõ ãõÍóãøóÏö ÇÈúäóÉõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÌõãóÇÚóÉó Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ¡ ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉð Úóäú ÚóÝöíÝóÉó ÇÈúäóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúäóÇ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÖøóÈøöíøõ¡ ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇááøóÎúãöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäúÈóÇÚö ÑóæúÍõ Èúäõ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö æóíõæÓõÝõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÈõßóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóÇäöí: ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáóÇ¡ æóÇááøóÝúÙõ áöÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ: ËóäóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ÓóÈúÑóÉó ÇáúÌõåóäöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÓóÈúÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ( «ÃóÐöäó áóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö» ) . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóÝöíåö: (Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ( «ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÇááøóÇÊöí íóÊóãóÊøóÚõ Èöåöäøó ÝóáúíõÎóáøö ÓóÈöíáóåóÇ» ) . åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãóÚðÇ Úóäú ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó Úóäö ÇááøóíúËö¡ ÝóæóÞóÚó áóäóÇ ÈóÏóáðÇ áóåõãóÇ ÚóÇáöíðÇ¡ æóæóÑóÏó Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú äößóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ãöäúåõãú Úóáöíøñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÇáößò.(3/350)
æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí ÌóãúÚóÉò áöÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò Úóäú ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÎóíøóÇØö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ãóÍúÈõæÈò Úóäú ÚóÈúËóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Úóäú ãóÇáößò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇÈúäóíú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåöãóÇ Úóäú Úóáöíøò.
ÝóÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ ßóÃóäøó ÔóíúÎóÊóäóÇ áóÞöíóÊö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøó æóÕóÇÝóÍóÊúåõ¡ æóÑóæóÊú Úóäúåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö ÈöãóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ Ýöíåö ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó åõäóÇ¡ æóÊóÚóÞøóÈóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÑõÔóíúÏò Ýöí ÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÑöÍúáóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Èóáö ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚö æóÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö ÓóæóÇÁñ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÚõÙúãóì¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú Úóãöáó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãö ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáÕøóÏóÝöíøö¡ æóÚóãöáó Èöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóåöíó ØóÑöíÞóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞóÉö ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ¡ ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ æóáóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑóåóÇ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÓóãøóÇåõ ÊóäúÒöíáðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóäúÒöíáö ÑóÇæò ãóßóÇäó ÂÎóÑó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ ÚóÕúÑöíøõåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÞöÓúãðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöáðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÚõáõæøõ ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõæáóÚõæäó Èöåö ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÃóäúÝõÓò¡ æóíóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝöíäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓóÈúÚóÉñ ãóËóáðÇ¡ ÝóíóäúÒöáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ.
[Úõáõæøõ ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Þóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóÏúæóì]
(744) Ëõãøó Úõáõæøõ ÞöÏóãö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö ... ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøõ áóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊö.(3/351)
(745) áöÂÎóÑò ÝóÞöíáó áöáúÎóãúÓöíäóÇ
Ãóæö ÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó ãóÖóÊú ÓöäöíäóÇ.
[Úõáõæøõ ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Þóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóÏúæóì] :
(Ëõãøó) ÍóíúËõ ÇäúÞóÖóÊö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó Úõáõæøõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÝóÉö¡ ÝóáúäóÔúÑóÚú Ýöí Úõáõæøö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ æóÚóÈøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøö¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ãõÍóÞøöÞöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÑöÈóÉö: ÈóÇÈñ ãõÊøóÓöÚñ¡ æóãóÏóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍóÇÊö æóßóËúÑóÊöåóÇ æóÞöáøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÈöÍóÓóÈö Ðóáößó íóÞóÚõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÃúäö Ýöí Ãóäú íõÕóÍøöÍó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãóÇ áóÇ íõÕóÍøöÍõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ; ÅöÐú ÞõØúÈõ ÏóÇÆöÑóÊöåö ÇáÙøóäøõ¡ æóÃóåóãøõåõ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÝúÞóåó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÍúÝóÙó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÊúÞóäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóÖóÈóØó¡ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉð áöáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÞúÏóãó ÓóãóÇÚðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö Ãóæú æóÝóÇÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÚõáõæøõ ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÇáúÃóäúÏóáõÓö ÃóÑúÌóÍõ ãöäú Úõáõæøö ÇáúãóÓóÇÝóÉö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãóÔóÇÑöÞóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
æóáöÃóÌúáö åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöãóÇÏõ Èúäõ ßóËöíÑò: Åöäøóåõ äóæúÚñ Þóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóÏúæóì ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÝõäõæäö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ: æóÞóÏú ÚóÙõãóÊú ÑóÛúÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöíåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÛóáóÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÃóåúãóáõæÇ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáó ÈöãóÇ åõæó Ãóåóãøõ ãöäúåõ.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÚóÙõãóÊú ÑóÛúÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚõáõæøö¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÎóáóáò ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáÕøóäúÚóÉö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖõ Úóãøóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöÊóãúíöíÒöåö Åöáóì ãóäú ÃóÌúáóÓó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ áóÇ ÊóãúíöíÒó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÖóÈúØó¡ æóáóÇ Ýóåúãó ; ØóáóÈðÇ áöáúÚõáõæøö æóÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö æóãóÇ ãóÚóåóÇ: æóÞóÏú ßóËõÑó ÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ íóÚúäöí ãõÝóÑøóÞðÇ æóãóÌúãõæÚðÇ Úóáóì ÍöÏóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ ÞóÇáó: æóãöãøóäú æóÌóÏúÊõåõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÔõíõæÎöåö æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇßõæáóÇ æóÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ØóÈóÞóÊöåöãú¡ æóãöãøóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈõÚúÏóåõãú.
[Úõáõæøõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöÞöÏóãö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö] :
ÝóÃóæøóáõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãö Úõáõæøö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: (Úõáõæøõ) ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöÓóÈóÈö (ÞöÏóãö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö) Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÑõæóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÑóÇæò ÂÎóÑó ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö Úóäúåõ ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ãóÚóåõ(3/352)
Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóÓóãóÇÚõäóÇ ãóËóáðÇ áöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöãøóäú ÑóæóÇåõ áóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóåóÇÁö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøö æóÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇÈúäö ÍóÇÊöãò Ãóæö ÇáäøóÌúãö Èúäö ÑóÒöíäò Ãóæö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÇáÒøöÝúÊóÇæöíøö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú åõæó Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÊöåöãú ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåõ ãöãøóäú ÑóæóÇåõ áóäóÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÇÈúäóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí¡ æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö ; áöÊóÃóÎøõÑö æóÝóÇÉö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÓóãóÇÚõäóÇ áöãõÓúáöãò ãöãøóäú ÑóæóÇåõ áóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇÈúäö ÍóÇÊöãò Ãóæö ÇáäøóÌúãö ÇáúÈóÇáöÓöíøö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÞöíøö ÇáÏøõÌúæöíøö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú åõæó Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÊöåöãú ÃóÚúáóì ãöäúåõ ãöãøóäú ÑóæóÇåõ áóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÑóÝö ÇÈúäö Çáúßõæóíúßö¡ æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú áóåõ Úóäö ÇáÒøóíúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí ; áöÊóÃóÎøõÑö æóÝóÇÉö ÇÈúäö Çáúßõæóíúßö Úóäö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
æóãóËøóáó áóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÃóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎò Úóäú ÂÎóÑó Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÔóíúÎò Úóäú ÂÎóÑó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÎóáóÝò Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÓóÇæóì ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ; áöÊóÞóÏøõãö æóÝóÇÉö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö(3/353)
Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÎóáóÝò¡ ÝóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóãóÇäò æóÎóãúÓöíäó æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò (458 åÜ) ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓóÈúÚò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò (487 åÜ) .
æóãöãøóäú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÅöÑúÔóÇÏö) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ íóÚúáõæ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÊóÞóÏøõãö ãóæúÊö ÑóÇæöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÇ ãõÊóÓóÇæöíóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóãóËøóáóåõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ; áöÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó «ßóÇäó íóÎúØõÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö Åöáóì ÌóäúÈö ÎóÔóÈóÉò» ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÍõãóíúÏò Úóäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó æóÝóÇÉó ÇáúÍóÓóäö ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÑóÌóÈò ÓóäóÉó ÚóÔúÑò æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóæóÝóÇÉó ÍõãóíúÏò Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò.
ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãöËúáó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö Åöáóì ÍõãóíúÏò¡ æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóæóíóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøõÊúÈóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃóÚúáóì æóÃóÌóáøõ. ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó áöåóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö åõæó ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßõ Èúäõ ÝóÖóÇáóÉó¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóÓöÊøöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæöí áóåõ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏò åõæó íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÊõæõÝøöíó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÌóÈõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó ÍóÏøóËó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ - Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö - ãõÍóãøóÏñ áóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú ÑóæúÍö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó ÈöÍóÏöíËò¡ Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áöÃõÈóíøò: ( «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃóÞúÑóÃó Úóáóíúßó» ) ¡ æóÍóÏøóËó Èöåö ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäõ ÇáÓøóãøóÇßö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí¡ æóÈóíúäó æóÝóÇÊóíúåöãóÇ ËóãóÇäò æóËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð.
ÝóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóÎóãúÓöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ æóÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉö ÓóäóÉð ÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãøóÇßö¡ Ëõãøó ßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóãøóÇßö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò. ÝóåõãóÇ - æóÅöäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö - ÝóÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ(3/354)
Ýöí ÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö æóÞöÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ Åöáóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ßóÇáØøóÑöíÞö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóãøóÇßö.
æóãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö íóßõæäõ ÍóÏöíËõåõ ÃóÚúáóì¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÓóãóÇÚõåõ Ãóæö ÇÞúÊóÑóäó Ãóæú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö íóäúÏõÑõ æõÞõæÚõåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö íóÚöÒøõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóíõÑúÛóÈõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÑúæöíøöåö áöÐóáößó.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóãö ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãö¡ æóÞóÇáó: íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÕóÍóÇÈöíøóÇäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ æóÇÊøóÕóáóÊú ÓöáúÓöáóÉõ ßõáøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò Èöãóäú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóÓóÇæóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøóÇäö ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Ýöí ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÊóÓóÇæóì ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö æóÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøóíúäö ÊõæõÝøöíó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ãóäøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏó ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ áóãú ÃóÌöÏúåõ ãóäúÞõæáðÇ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íóÑúÊóÖöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ Ýöí (ÇáöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÍö) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí (ÊóæúÖöíÍö ÇáäøõÎúÈóÉö) ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãõÈúÊóäóì Úóáóì ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏö ãöäú äöÓúÈóÉö ÔóíúÎò Åöáóì ÔóíúÎò¡ æóÞöíóÇÓö ÑóÇæò ÈöÑóÇæò.
[ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæøö] :
æó (ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøõ) ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÊóÞóÏøõãö æóÝóÇÉö ÔóíúÎößó (áóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊö) äóÙóÑò (áöÜ) ÔóíúÎò (ÂÎóÑò) ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ; ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÍóÏøöåö¡ (ÝóÞöíáó) íóßõæäõ (áöáúÎóãúÓöíäóÇ) ãöäó ÇáÓøöäöíäö ãóÖóÊú ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÌóæúÕóÇÁó ÇáÏøöãöÔúÞöíøö ÔóíúÎö ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÑúßóÇäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÓóäóÉò ãöäú ãóæúÊö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ Úõáõæøò. (Ãóæö ÇáËøóáóÇËöíäó ãóÖóÊú ÓöäöíäóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáÓøöäöíäö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóäúÏóåú: Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð Ýóåõæó ÚóÇáò.(3/355)
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóåóÐóÇ ÃóæúÓóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ íóÚúäöí: ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÞóÇÆöáõåõ ãõÖöíøóåóÇ ãöäú ãóæúÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú Íöíäö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ - ÈóÚöíÏñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóíúÎõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö ÍóíøðÇ) .
ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅöÐóÇ ãóÖóì Úóáóì ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ßöÊóÇÈò Ãóæú ÍóÏöíËò ËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóåõæó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãõÏøóÉö áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ßóßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøöíäó æóÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉò ãóËóáðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÏöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÖóÊú Úóáóíúåö ËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð ãöäú ãóæúÊö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÂÎöÑó ãóäú íóÑúæöíåö ÚóÇáöíðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑõ¡ æóßóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóËóãóÇäöãöÇÆóÉò Úóáóì ãóäú íóÑúæöíåö Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÑö æóØóÈóÞóÊöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÖóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÈöãöÕúÑöäóÇ äóÍúæó ËóãóÇäöíóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÈöÛóíúÑöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÂÎöÑó ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúæöíåö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúåóÇÏöí¡ æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÑóÈöíÚò ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÓóäóÉó ÓöÊó ÚóÔóÑóÉò æóËóãóÇäöãöÇÆóÉò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÃóæúÓóÚõ: ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÊóÇÑõåõ - æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ - Ãóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó ÔóíúÎõ ÔóíúÎöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõæáóÏó ÝóÓóãóÇÚõåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÚóÇáò.
[Úõáõæøõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöÞöÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö]
(746) Ëõãøó Úõáõæøõ ÞöÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ... æóÖöÏøõåõ ÇáäøõÒõæáõ ßóÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö.
(747) æóÍóíúËõ Ðõãøó Ýóåúæó ãóÇ áóãú íõÌúÈóÑö
æóÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÚõáõæøõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑö.
[Úõáõæøõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöÞöÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö] :
(Ëõãøó) íóáöíåö ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÎóÇãöÓõ ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö¡ (Úõáõæøõ) ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÈöÓóÈóÈö (ÞöÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö) áöÃóÍóÏö ÑõæóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÑóÇæò ÂÎóÑó ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Ãóæú áöÑóÇæò ÓóãöÚó ãöäú ÑóÝöíÞò áöÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÓóãóÇÚõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ãóËóáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑö ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóíóÊóÓóÇæóì ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÚúáóì¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóßóÐóÇ - ßóãóÇ äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - íóÞóÚõ ÇáÊøóÏóÇÎõáõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈöáóåõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò Ëõãøó ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡(3/356)
æóáóßöäøóåõãóÇ íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇäö Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉò íóäúÏõÑõ æõÞõæÚõåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúÊõåõ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑóÊú æóÝóÇÉõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö. æóáöÃóÌúáöåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ÛóÇíóÑó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõäóÇÒóÚõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏúãö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇÎúÊóáóØó Ãóæú ÎóÑöÝó áöåöÑóãò Ãóæú ãóÑóÖò ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Íöíäó ÊóÍúÏöíËöåö áóåõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛú ÏóÑóÌóÉó ÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö æóÇáÖøóÈúØö.
ßóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ãõÊóíóÞøöÙðÇ ÖóÇÈöØðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ áóãú íóÕöáú Åöáóì ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÊóÑúÌöíÍñ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÞöÏóãö.
æóãöäú ÕõæóÑö Úõáõæøö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ - æóÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøõ ÈöÞöÓúãò - ÊóÓóÇæöí ÇáÓøóäóÏóíúäö¡ æóÇãúÊöíóÇÒõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Èößóæúäö ÑõæóÇÊöåö ÍõÝøóÇÙðÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁó¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö. æóäóÍúæõåõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáúÚõáõæøó ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÌóãöíÚñ ÑöÌóÇáöåö ÍõÝøóÇÙñ ËöÞóÇÊñ Ãóæú ÝõÞóåóÇÁõ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ãöËúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóäóÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
æóßóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúÚõáõæøö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóáúÊóÍöÞú ÈöÕöÝóÉò æóáóÇ ãóÓóÇÝóÉò ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÈõÏøó áöáúãõÍóÏøöËö ãöäú ÅöíÑóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò Ãóæö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌò Èöåö¡ æóíóÚöÒøõ Úóáóíúåö æõÌõæÏõåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóäú ÍóÏöíËõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÚó äõÒõæáöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÚóÇáò áöÚöÒøóÊöåö.
ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò¡ Ëõãøó ãóËøóáó Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö Ñóæóì Úóäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÚóäú ÃóãóÇËöáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò¡ Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÝóÒóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ãóÇáößò ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúæöí Úóäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áöãóÚúäðì Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÕúÑöíÍõ ãóÇáößò ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇáößò Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÑöÌóÇáò. ÝóåóÐöåö ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÕóÇÁö æóÇáúÅöíÖóÇÍö ÇáÔøóÇÝöí.
[ÇáäøõÒõæáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò] :
(æóÖöÏøõåõ) ; Ãóíú: æóÖöÏøõ ÇáúÚõáõæøö (ÇáäøõÒõæáõ) ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÊóäóæøóÚõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãõåõ (ßóÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö) ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö áöáúÚõáõæøö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÞöÓúãò ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÅöáøóÇ æóÖöÏøõåõ ÞöÓúãñ ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáäøõÒõæáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÅöÐðÇ ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò¡ æóÊóÝúÕöíáõåóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ ãöäú ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúÚõáõæøö Úóáóì äóÍúæö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.(3/357)
æóÃóäúÒóáõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöãøóÇ æóÞóÝúÊõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöíåö ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÍóÏöíËò¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö ÊóæúÈóÉö ßóÚúÈò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö (ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó) .
æóÍóÏöíËö ÈóÚúËö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áöÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö Ýöí (ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó) ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÍóÏöíËö: ( «ãóäú ÃóÚúÊóÞó ÑóÞóÈóÉð» ) Ýöí ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö Êöáúæó ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö Ýöí (ÈóÇÈö Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæú ÊóÍúÑöíÑõ ÑóÞóÈóÉò} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 89] .
æóÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ØóÑóÞó ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó Ýöí (ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö) ¡ æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÊõåóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) .
æóÍóÏöíËö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö: ( «ÇáúÍóáóÇáõ Èóíøöäñ» ) .
æóÍóÏöíËö ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò: ( «áóÇ íóÍúÊóßöÑõ ÅöáøóÇ ÎóÇØöÆñ» ) ¡ æóåõãóÇ Ýöí (ãõÓúáöãò) ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÝúÊõ áöáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö Úóáóì ÚóÔóÇÑöíøóíúäö¡ ÔóÇÑóßóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÓóáóÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö æóÇáúãõÓóÇæóÇÉö.
[ÇáäøõÒõæáõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÐúãõæãò Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò] :
(æóÍóíúËõ Ðõãøó) ÇáäøõÒõæáõ ; ßóÞóæúáö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãúáöí ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) áöáúÎóØöíÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö: Åöäøóåõ ÔõÄúãñ¡ æóÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) ÃóíúÖðÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÞõÑúÍóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö.
(Ýóåúæó ãóÇ áóãú) ÊóÏóÚõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉñ áöÓóãóÇÚöåö¡ ßóÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÈóÍøõÑö Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáØøõÑõÞö¡ Ãóæú ÛóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇÓúãö ÑóÇæöíåö ÚöäúÏó(3/358)
ãóäú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÌóãúÚó ÔõíõæÎöåö Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ Ãóæú ÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÏö ÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ÈóáóÏò ÚóÙöíãò áöãóäú ÞóÕóÏó ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäöíøóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÊóÈó ÈöÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö Úóäú ÔóÇÈøò ÇÓúãõåõ æóÝöíøñ¡ Ñóæóì Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÊóáóÇãöÐóÊöåö ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó Ýöí ÞóíúÏö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö áöÛóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇÓúãöåö.
æóÇÞúÊóÝóíúÊõ ÃóËóÑóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóíúËõ ÓóãöÚúÊõ Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ÇÓúãõåóÇ áóãúíóÇÁõ¡ ãóÚó äõÒõæáö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ áóãú (íõÌúÈóÑö) ÇáäøõÒõæáõ ÈöÕöÝóÉò ãõÑóÌøöÍóÉò ßóÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáËøöÞóÉö Ýöí ÑöÌóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáöí¡ Ãóæú ßóæúäöåö ÃóÍúÝóÙó Ãóæú ÃóÖóÈóØó Ãóæú ÃóÝúÞóåó¡ Ãóæú ßóæúäöåö ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚóÇáöí ÍõÖõæÑñ Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉñ Ãóæú ãõäóÇæóáóÉñ Ãóæú ÊóÓóÇåõáñ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÑõæóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóãúáö¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæö Ðóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõÏõæáó ÍöíäóÆöÐò Åöáóì ÇáäøõÒõæáö áóíúÓó ÈöãóÐúãõæãò æóáóÇ ãóÝúÖõæáò.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí Ðóãøö ÇáäøõÒõæáö ãóÎúÕõæÕñ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøõÒõæáö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøõÒõæáó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóíøóäó Ïõæäó ÇáúÚõáõæøö ØóÑöíÞðÇ Åöáóì ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò ÑóÇÌöÍóÉò Úóáóì ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáúÚõáõæøö ßóÇäó ãõÎúÊóÇÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑúÐõæáò. æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ - æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö - áóÇ íõÓóãøóì äóÇÒöáðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö åóÇÔöãò ÇáØøõæÓöíøö æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÎóÔúÑóãò ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó æóßöíÚò ÝóÞóÇáó áóäóÇ: Ãóíøõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóíúäö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúßõãú¡ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Ãóæú ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¿ ÝóÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö¡ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ ÔóíúÎñ æóÃóÈõæ æóÇÆöáò ÔóíúÎñ¡ æóÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÝóÞöíåñ Úóäú ÝóÞöíåò Úóäú ÝóÞöíåò Úóäú ÝóÞöíåò¡ æóÍóÏöíËñ íóÊóÏóÇæóáõåõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÎóíúÑñ(3/359)
ãöäú Ãóäú íóÊóÏóÇæóáóåõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎõ.
æóÞóÏú ÝóÕøóáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ æóåõæó: Åöäøó ÇáäøóÙóÑó Åöäú ßóÇäó áöáÓøóäóÏö ÝóÔõíõæÎñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöáúãóÊúäö ÝóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌøóÍó æóßöíÚñ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ãóÚó äõÒõæáöåö ÈöÏóÑóÌóÊóíúäö áöãóÇ ÇãúÊóÇÒó Èöåö ÑõæóÇÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÇáúãõäúÖóãøö áöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¿ ! .
(æóÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ) ÈöáóÇ Ôóßøò ãóÚó ÇáäøõÒõæáö æóåöíó (ÇáúÚõáõæøõ) ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøõ (ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑö) æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇáöí ÚöäúÏó ÝóÞúÏö ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö Úõáõæøñ ÕõæÑöíøñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÚöäúÏó ÝóÞúÏö ÇáÊøóæúËöíÞö¿ ! æóÅöáóíúåö ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Úóäö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóäõÒõæáõåõãú Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Úõáõæøö ÇáúÌóåóáóÉö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÞóáóÉö. æóÇáäøóÇÒöáõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò åõæó ÇáúÚóÇáöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö.
æóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÌõäóíúÏö: ÞõáúÊõ áöÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò: ÃóíøõãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíúßó: ÃóßúÊõÈõ ÌóÇãöÚó ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò Ãóæú ÝõáóÇäò¡ íóÚúäöí Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÑóÌõáò Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÝóì Èúäö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ íóÚúäöí Úóäúåõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÑóÌõáò Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ÍóÊøóì ÚóÏøó ÎóãúÓóÉð Ãóæú ÓöÊøóÉð Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÝóì ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó.
æóÑóæóì ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ãóÚöíäò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöäõÒõæáò(3/360)
Úóäú ËóÈúÊò ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú Úõáõæøò ÛóíúÑö ËóÈúÊò. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ: æóÃóäúÔóÏó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒõÝóÑó Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ:
Úöáúãõ ÇáäøõÒõæáö ÇßúÊõÈõæåõ Ýóåúæó íóäúÝóÚõßõãú ... æóÊóÑúßõßõãú ÐóÇßõãú ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóäóÊö
Åöäøó ÇáäøõÒõæáó ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóäú ËóÈúÊò ... ÃóÚúáóì áóßõãú ãöäú Úõáõæøò ÛóíúÑö Ðöí ËóÈúÊö
æóÃóÓúäóÏóåõãóÇ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúÔóÏóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÚóÇãöÑöíøö ÇáúÃóÏöíÈö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö:
áóßöÊóÇÈöí Úóäú ÑöÌóÇáò ÃóÑúÊóÖöíåöãú ÈöäõÒõæáú ... åõæó ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöí ÈöÚõáõæøò Úóäú ØõÈõæáú
æóáöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö:
Åöäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÇáäøõÒõæáö Úóäö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúÏóáöíäóÇ ... ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáöí Úóäö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÖúÚóÝöíäóÇ.
æóáöáúÎóØöíÈö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ãóÚúÈóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõÈóíúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÐõßöÑó áóåõ ÞõÑúÈõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏöíËñ ÈóÚöíÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÕóÍöíÍñ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÞóÑöíÈö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÓóÞöíãò¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÖóÚöíÝò.
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ÌóæúÏóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞõÑúÈó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ ÌóæúÏóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö. æóäóÍúæõåõãú ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ Úóäú æóÇáöÏöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÇáúæóÒöíÑö äöÙóÇãö Çáúãõáúßö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÐúåóÈöí Ýöí Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÐúåóÈö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ Åöäøóåõãú íóÐúåóÈõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÚóÇáöíó ãóÇ Þóáøó ÑõæóÇÊõåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÚóÇáöíó ãóÇ ÕóÍøó(3/361)
Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÅöäú ÈóáóÛóÊú ÑõæóÇÊõåõ ãöÇÆóÉð.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÈõÑúåóÇäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò (ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö) : Úõáõæøõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö íõÚóÙøöãõåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóíõÔóÏøöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäúåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÚõáõæøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏóåõãú áóíúÓó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉð Úóäú ÞöáøóÉö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóäúÒöáõæäó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ØóáóÈðÇ áöáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ áóåõ ØóÑöíÞóÇäö ; ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÎóãúÓóÉö æóÓóÇÆöØó ãóËóáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÈöÓóÈúÚóÉò¡ íõÑóÌøöÍõæäó ÇáäøóÇÒöáó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáöí ØóáóÈðÇ áöáÕøöÍøóÉö. æóÞóÏú äóÙóãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáÓøöáóÝöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó:
áóíúÓó ÍõÓúäõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞõÑúÈó ÑöÌóÇáò ... ÚöäúÏó ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö Úöáúãöåö ÇáäøõÞøóÇÏö Èóáú Úõáõæøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Èóíúäó Ãõæáöí ÇáúÍöÝúÜ
ÜÙö æóÇáúÅöÊúÞóÇäö ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÅöÐóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÌóãøóÚóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ... ÝóÇÛúÊóäöãúåõ ÝóÐóÇßó ÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: ÝóåóÐóÇ æóäóÍúæõåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáúÚõáõæøö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÑóÝö ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Úõáõæøñ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóÍóÓúÈõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò ÚóÞöÈó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇáöíó ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÓóäóÏõåõ æóÅöäú ßóËõÑóÊú ÑöÌóÇáõåõ: åóÐóÇ ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ ÎóÇÕøñ¡ æóãóÇÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÞóÇÆöáõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøó ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏóÇäö¡ áóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ¿ ! .
ÞõáúÊõ: íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÈöÇáúæóÕúÝö ÈöÇáúÚõáõæøö Ãóæúáóì ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ.
ÊóÊöãøóÉñ: áóæú ÌõãöÚó Èóíúäó ÓóäóÏóíúäö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ÝóÈöÃóíøöåöãóÇ íóÈúÏóÃõ¿ ÝóÌõãúåõæÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó íóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöÇáúÃóäúÒóáö ; áöíóßõæäó áöÅöíÑóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÝóÑúÍóÉñ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ÈöÇáúÃóÚúáóì áöÔóÑóÝöåö.
æóãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö Ýöí (ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) Þóæúáõåõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓöäóÇäò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóíúÍñ Íó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÝõáóíúÍò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏóÇäõ¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Íó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÑóíúÍõ Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ(3/362)
ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó.
æóÝöí (ãõÓúáöãò) : ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò æóÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú æóßöíÚò¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÃóäóÇ ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ íõæäõÓó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ äóÇÝöÚò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóåúÏöíøò¡ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö.
æóáóÇ íóÓúáõßóÇäö ÎöáóÇÝóåõ ÅöáøóÇ áöäõßúÊóÉò Ãóæú ÖóÑõæÑóÉò. æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó äóÍúæóåõ.(3/363)
[ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ æóÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ]
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö æóÃóäúæóÇÚõåõ]
ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö (ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ æóÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ)
748 - æóãóÇ Èöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇäúÝóÑóÏú ... Ýóåúæó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåò ÝóÍóÏú
749 - ÈöÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö Úóäú ÅöãóÇãò íõÌúãóÚõ ... ÍóÏöíËõåõ ÝóÅöäú Úóáóíúåö íõÊúÈóÚõ
750 - ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò æóÇËúäóíúäö ÝóÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ Ãóæú ... ÝóæúÞõ ÝóãóÔúåõæÑñ æóßõáøñ ÞóÏú ÑóÃóæúÇ
751 - ãöäúåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝó Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ... íõÛúÑöÈõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ãóæö ÇÓúäóÇÏðÇ ÝóÞóÏú
752 - ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÓøóãõæÇ ... áöÔõåúÑóÉò ãõØúáóÞóÉò ßóÜ " ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ
753 - ãóäú Óóáöãó " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÑö ... Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãöäú ãóÔúåõæÑö
754 - ÞõäõæÊõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõßõæÚö ÔóåúÑóÇ ... æóãöäúåõ Ðõæ ÊóæóÇÊõÑò ãõÓúÊóÞúÑóÇ
755 - Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊöåö ßóãóÊúäö ãóäú ßóÐóÈú ... ÝóÝóæúÞó ÓöÊøöíäó Ñóæóæúåõ æóÇáúÚóÌóÈú
756 - ÈöÃóäøó ãöäú ÑõæóÇÊöåö áóáúÚóÔóÑóåú ... æóÎõÕøó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåú
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758 - ÚóÔúÑóÊöåöãú ÑóÝúÚó ÇáúíóÏóíúäö äóÓóÈóÇ ... æóäóíøóÝõæÇ Úóäú ãöÇÆóÉò ãóäú ßóÐóÈóÇ
(ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ æóÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ) æóÑõÊøöÈóÊú ÈöÇáÊøóÑóÞøöí ãóÚó ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö áöÂÎöÑöåóÇ Ýöí äóæúÚò ãõÓúÊóÞöáøò¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÑúÏóÇÝöåö ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑóíúäö Ýöí ÂÎóÑó. æóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãóåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö¡ æóÖóãøó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö¡ æóáóßöäú áößóæúäöåö Ãóãúáóì ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÊóÑúÊöíÈõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÓöÈö. æóÊóÈöÚóåõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÊöíÈöåö ÛóÇáöÈõ ãóäö ÇÞúÊóÝóì ÃóËóÑóåõ.
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö æóÃóäúæóÇÚõåõ] : (æóãóÇ Èöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö¡ (ãõØúáóÞðÇ) ; Ãóíú: Úóäú ÅöãóÇãò íõÌúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËõåõ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ (ÇáÑøóÇæöí) ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ¡ (ÇäúÝóÑóÏú) Úóäú ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãóÊúäö ; ßóÍóÏöíËö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáúæóáóÇÁö æóåöÈóÊöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú(4/3)
ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÇáÓøóÝóÑõ ÞöØúÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö» ) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÇáößò Úóäú Óõãóíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö. áóßöäøó ÇáúÛóÑóÇÈóÉó Ýöíåö ãõäúÊóÞöÖóÉñ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ãõÕúÚóÈò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö¡ Úóäú Óõåóíúáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóåöíó ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ. Èóáú æóÈöØóÑöíÞö ÚöÕóÇãö Èúäö ÑóæøóÇÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóáóßöäøóåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÈóÚúÖöåö.
æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÈöÃóäú íóÃúÊöíó Ýöí ãóÊúäò ÑóæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò ; ßóÍóÏöíËö ÒóßóÇÉö ÇáúÝöØúÑö¡ ÍóíúËõ Þöíáó ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãõäúÊóÞóÏñ ÃóíúÖðÇ: Åöäøó ãóÇáößðÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó) . Ãóæú ßóÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÒóÑúÚò ; ÍóíúËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö æóÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóÇåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ßõáøóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚõ ãöäúåõ: ( «ßõäúÊõ áóßö ßóÃóÈöí ÒóÑúÚò áöÃõãøö ÒóÑúÚò» ) .
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÒóÑúÚò ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙõ Ýöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÚöíÓóì Èúäö íõæäõÓó æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍõÓóÇãò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåöãóÇ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö æóÚóÈøóÇÏò ßóãóÇ(4/4)
ÃóÔóÑúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö Úóäú åöÔóÇãò¡ ÈöÏõæäö æóÇÓöØóÉö ÃóÎöíåö.
(Ýóåúæó) Ãóíú: ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÏõ Èöåö ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóæúÌõåö¡ (ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóÎóÕøóåõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÈöÇáËøöÞóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: æóßóÃóäøóåõ äóÙóÑó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö. (æó) ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåò) ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ (ÝóÍóÏú) åõ (ÈöÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö) ¡ íóÚúäöí: Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ áóßöäú (Úóäú ÅöãóÇãò) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ; ßóÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú (íõÌúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËõåõ) . æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈó Úóáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö: ãõØúáóÞñ¡ æóäöÓúÈöíøñ ; ßóãóÇ ÓóÊóÃúÊöí ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóíúåö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóåõæó æóÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏõ ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÍóÏøò ÓóæóÇÁò¡ Ýóáöãó ÍóÕóáóÊö ÇáúãõÛóÇíóÑóÉõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¿ .
æóáöÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÍúÓóäó Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãóíøóÇäöÔöíøõ: æóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ÔóÐøó ØóÑöíÞõåõ æóáóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÑóÇæöíåö ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóåõæó ÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäú ÐóÇßó ; áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö Ýöí ÑóÇæöíåö ÈöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó.
æóÚóÑøóÝóåõ ÇáÔøöåóÇÈõ ÇáúÎõæóíøõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÊúäõåõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÝóÑúÏðÇ Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ÑõæóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóíóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÇÈöÚõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ. Ãóæú ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÑúæöíøðÇ ÈöØõÑõÞò Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóíóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÑõæóÇÊöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö: ãõØúáóÞñ æóãõÞóíøóÏñ. æóíóßõæäó ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞõ ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÑúÏö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÏö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ØöÈóÇÞöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóÎóÕøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏõ Èóíúäó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝóíúäö¡ áóßöäú ÞóÏú ÝóÑøóÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúáöåö: ÅöäøóåõãóÇ ãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóÇäö áõÛóÉð(4/5)
æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ¡ ÈöÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÛóÇíóÑõæÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö æóÞöáøóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÝóÑúÏõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íõØúáöÞõæäóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÏö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö Ðóáößó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóáóæú ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊö ÇáØøõÑõÞõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ íõØúáöÞõæäóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÏö ÇáäøöÓúÈöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõåõãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøó ÝóáóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõæäó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøöÓúÈöíøö: ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÝõáóÇäñ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÛúÑóÈó Èöåö ÝõáóÇäñ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÞöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ãóÚúÏõæÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ; ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúãõÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö.
ÞõáúÊõ: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑöíÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö ãóËóáðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ßõáøñ ãöäú ÞöÓúãóíö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÖóíøöÞó ÇáúãóÎúÑóÌö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÒõÑóÇÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èúäö æóÇÕöáò ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö¡ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóæøóÇÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: (ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÃóäóÓò ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó æóåõæó íóÈúßöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: (áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ ÅöáøóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÞóÏú ÖõíøöÚóÊú) : åõæó ÃóÖúíóÞõ ÍóÏöíËò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ ÓóÃóáóäöí Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí Ðõåúáò - íóÚúäöí ÃóÍóÏó ãóÔóÇíöÎöåö - ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊõåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÓóãöÚóåõ - íóÚúäöí: ÓóãöÚóåõ ÔóíúÎõåõ ãöäúåõ - Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÍóãúÔóÇÐó¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóßóÃóäøó ÖöíÞóåõ ãóÎúÕõæÕñ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóæøóÇÏò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóáøóÞóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÚóÞöÈó(4/6)
ÊóÎúÑöíÌöåö áöáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈõÑúÓóÇäöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóæøóÇÏò¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÈõÑúÓóÇäöíøö æóÕóáóåõ ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌöåö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÃóÈøóÇÑõ Ýöí ÌóãúÚöåö áöÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌö) .
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì æöÒóÇäö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÛõÑúÈóÉó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÈóáóÏö Êóßõæäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉð ÈöÃóäú íóÚúÑöÝóåõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú íóÊóÝóÇæóÊõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ãöäúåõãú ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÞóÏú íóÓúÊóæöíóÇäö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ.
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö]
[íÓ: 145] ; Ãóíú: ÞóæøóíúäóÇ æóÔóÏóÏúäóÇ. æóÌóãúÚõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÚöÒóÇÒñ¡ ãöËúáõ: ßóÑöíãò æóßöÑóÇãò ; ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ÈöíÖõ ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÃóáöÈøóÉñ æóãóÚóÇÞöáõ ... Ýöí ßõáøö äóÇÆöÈóÉò ÚöÒóÇÒõ ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓö(4/7)
Ëõãøó åõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöæõÌõæÏö Ðóáößó Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ØöÈóÇÞöåö ÛóÑöíÈðÇ¡ ÈöÃóäú íóäúÝóÑöÏó Èöåö ÑóÇæò ÂÎóÑõ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ áöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ËóáóÇËóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØöÈóÇÞöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóãóÔóì Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ; ÍóíúËõ æóÕóÝó ÍóÏöíËó ÔõÚúÈóÉó Úóäú æóÇÞöÏö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó» ) ¡ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÛóÑöíÈñ ; áöÊóÝóÑøõÏö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Èöåö Úóäú æóÇÞöÏò¡ Ëõãøó áöÊóÝóÑøõÏö ÃóÈöí ÛóÓøóÇäó ÇáúãöÓúãóÚöíøö Èöåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö ÑóÇæöíåö¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó. æóÚóÒöíÒñ ; áöÊóÝóÑøõÏö ÍóÑóãöíøö Èúäö ÚõãóÇÑóÉó æóÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö Èöåö Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Ëõãøó áöÊóÝóÑøõÏö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãõÓúäóÏöíøö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÑúÚóÑóÉó Èöåö Úóäú ÍóÑóãöíøò.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ áöäóÍúæöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; ÍóíúËõ ãóËøóáó áöáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÈöÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö» ) ¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäö Ãóæøóáö ÓóäóÏöåö ÝóÑúÏðÇ¡ æóÇáÔøõåúÑóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ØóÑóÃóÊú áóåõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò. Èóáú ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: Åöäøóåõ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöæóÌúåóíúäö æóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóíúäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÝúíóÇäó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÞöíáò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «ãöÝúÊóÇÍõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑõ» ) : Åöäøóåõ ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò. ÝóÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøó ãõÑóÇÏóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÔúåõæÑñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò. ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓúÈöíøóÉõ äóÙöíÑõ ÇáúÛóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇáäøöÓúÈöíøóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö: ÛóÑöíÈñ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÑúÏñ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö åóÐóÇ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö Úóäúåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÎó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÊõæÈöÚó Úóáóíúåö Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÝóÑúÏñ Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö¡ ãóÔúåõæÑñ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö¡ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Úóãøóäö ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö¡ Ýóåöíó ÔõåúÑóÉñ äöÓúÈöíøóÉñ áóÇ ãõØúáóÞóÉñ. æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ãóÔóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐúÊõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÚóÑøóÝó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ: ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÉò ãöäú ØöÈóÇÞöåö ÑóÇæöíóÇäö ÝóÞóØú. æóáóßöäú áóãú íóãúÔö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí(4/8)
ÊóæúÖöíÍö ÇáäøõÎúÈóÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÎóÕøóåõ ÈöæõÑõæÏöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÑóÇæöíóíúäö ÝóÞóØú¡ Úóäóì Èöåö ßóæúäóåõ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ØöÈóÇÞöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ãóÚó Ðóáößó: Åöäøó ãõÑóÇÏóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑöÏó ÈöÃóÞóáøó ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú æóÑóÏó ÈöÃóßúËóÑó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ãöäó ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóÇ íóÖõÑøõ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÃóÞóáøõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ íóÞúÖöí Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚöÒøóÉõ Ýöíåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÑóÇæò æóÇÍöÏò ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÑóÇæöíóÇäö Úóäúåõ íõÞóíøóÏõ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÚóÒöíÒñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÝõáóÇäò. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÝóíóäúÕóÑöÝõ áöãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõ ØöÈóÇÞöåö ßóÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøó æõÌõæÏó ÓóäóÏò Úóáóì æóÊöíÑóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇËúäóíúäö ÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóì Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ÚóÏóãó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóßóÇÏó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ãóäú íõæóÇÝöÞóåõ ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÓóáøóãó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåóÇ¡ æóåöíó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúæöíóåõ ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäö ÇËúäóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÞóáøó ãöäö ÇËúäóíúäö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ ÍóÑøóÑóåõ åõæó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ. ãöËóÇáõåõ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎóÇäö Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÝóÞóØú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: ( «áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÍóÊøóì Ãóßõæäó ÃóÍóÈøó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú æóÇáöÏöåö æóæóáóÏöåö» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ ÕõåóíúÈò. æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÓóÚöíÏñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÍóÑøóÑõ ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóáøóÏúÊõ ÔóíúÎóäóÇ Ýöíåö ãóÚó æõÞõæÝöí Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÍúÕö. æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËö Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ßõáøò ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ.
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖö]
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖö] (Ãóæú) Ãóäú íõÊúÈóÚó ÑóÇæöíåö Úóäú ÐóÇßó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ãöäú (ÝóæúÞõ) ÈöÇáúÈöäóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáÖøóãøö - Ãóíú: ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó - ßóËóáóÇËóÉò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó¡ ãóÇ áóãú íóÈúáõÛú ÍóÏøó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ (ÝóãóÔúåõæÑñ) ; Ãóíú: ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ.
æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú: ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Úóäúåõãú - Ãóíú: Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÌúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËõåõãú(4/9)
ÍóÏöíËðÇ Óõãøöíó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ.
æóÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ ÚóÑøóÝóÇ Èöåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ËóáóÇËóÉñ¡ æóíóÎúÊóÕøõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÈöÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÇ ÚóÑøóÝóåõ Èöåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚóÇäö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑó áóåõãóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúãõäúÝóÑöÏö Úóäúåõ ãöãøóäú íõÌúãóÚõ ÍóÏöíËõåõ¡ Èóáú íóÔúãóáõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑóÇæöíåö ßóÐóáößó¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇæöíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Úóäú ÑóÇæöíóíúäö¡ æóÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö Úóäú ËóáóÇËóÉò Ãóæú Úóäö ÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉõ Ýöí ÛóÇáöÈö ØöÈóÇÞöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÍúÓõäõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõãóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÏõæäóåóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØöÈóÇÞöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãúåõ.
æóÓõãøöíó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ ; áöæõÖõæÍö ÃóãúÑöåö¡ íõÞóÇáõ: ÔóåóÑúÊõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÃóÔúåóÑõåõ ÔóåúÑðÇ æóÔõåúÑóÉð ÝóÇÔúÊóåóÑó.
æóåõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó.
Óõãøöíó ÈöÐóáößó áöÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåö æóÔöíóÇÚöåö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ãöäú ÝóÇÖó ÇáúãóÇÁõ íóÝöíÖõ ÝóíúÖðÇ æóÝóíúÖõæÖóÉð ; ÅöÐóÇ ßóËõÑó ÍóÊøóì ÓóÇáó Úóáóì ÖóÝøóÉö ÇáúæóÇÏöí.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÛóÇíóÑó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖó íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöåö æóÇäúÊöåóÇÆöåö¡ íóÚúäöí æóÝöíãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÔúãóáõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõåõ ãóäúÞõæáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ; ßóÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ æóÅöäö ÇäúÊõÞöÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇäúÊöÞóÇÏó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ; ÅöÐö ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉõ Ýöíåö äöÓúÈöíøóÉñ¡ æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈö ÔóíúÎó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÊóÈóåõ Úóäú ÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÇÚúÊóäóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäõ ãóäúÏóåú ÈöÌóãúÚöåöãú æóÊóÑúÊöíÈöåöãú¡(4/10)
ÈöÍóíúËõ ÌóãóÚó äóÍúæó ÇáäøöÕúÝö ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÛóÇíóÑó Úóáóì ßóíúÝöíøóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖó ãóÇ ÊóáóÞøóÊúåõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö Ïõæäó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÚóÏóÏò.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøõ æóÇáúÞóÝøóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ åõæó æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖö: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ãóÈóÇÍöËö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö. íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ.
(æó) áóßöäú áóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó áóåõ ÈöÔõãõæáöåö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó æóÛóíúÑóåõ¡ Èóáú (ßõáøñ) ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍóÉö¡ (ÞóÏú ÑóÃóæúÇ) ; Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ (ãöäúåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó) ; íóÚúäöí ÇáúãõÍúÊøóÌó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÇãöáó ÇáúÍóÓóäó¡ (æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝó) . æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáÖøóÚúÝó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÃóßúËóÑõ ; æóáöÐóÇ ßóÑöåó ÌóãúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÊóÊóÈøõÚó ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: áóÇ ÊóßúÊõÈõæåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãóäóÇßöíÑõ¡ æóÚóÇãøóÊõåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö.
æóÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ( «ÊóÑõÏøöíäó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏöíÞóÊóåõ» ) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõÑúÓóáñ. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøó ÇÈúäó ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóÑöíÈñ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÕóÏóÞó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóØóÃð Ýóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó: ãóäú ØóáóÈóåóÇ ßóÐóÈó. æóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ: ÔóÑøõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈõ¡ æóÎóíúÑõåõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ.
æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö ÞóÇáó: ßõäøóÇ äóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈó ÎóíúÑñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÔóÑøñ.(4/11)
[ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö]
[ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö] : (Ëõãøó) Åöäøóåõ (ÞóÏú íõÛúÑöÈõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ) ; íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãóÚðÇ ; ßóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÊúäöåö ÑóÇæò æóÇÍöÏñ ; ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ. (Ãóæú) íõÛúÑöÈõ ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ; ÍóíúËõ íõÛúÑöÈõ (ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ) ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö. (ÝóÞóÏú) ; Ãóíú: ÍóÓúÈõ. ßóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóíóäúÝóÑöÏõ Èöåö ÑóÇæò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ÂÎóÑó¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ãóÊúäóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÛóÑöíÈò.
æóãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÈõÑúÏóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÑóÝóÚóåõ: ( «ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ íóÃúßõáøõ Ýöí ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóãúÚóÇÁò» ) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÛóÑóÇÆöÈõ ÇáÔøõíõæÎö Ýöí ÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãõÊõæäö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ßóÃóäú íóäúÝóÑöÏó Èöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö ÛõäúÏóÑñ.
ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. ÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ ÃóÑóì - íóÚúäöí ÇáúÞöÓúãó ÇáËøóÇäöíó - íóäúÚóßöÓõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ÅöÐðÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÝöíãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãóÇ åõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ ãóÊúäðÇ áóÇ ÓóäóÏðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÝóÑúÏõ Úóãøóäú ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÚóÏóÏñ ßóËöíÑõæäó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÕöíÑõ ÛóÑöíÈðÇ ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ¡ æóÛóÑöíÈðÇ ãóÊúäðÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑó ÛóÑöíÈò ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏö ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏóåõ ãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöÇáúÛóÑóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ØóÑóÝöåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö Ýöí ØóÑóÝöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ; ßóÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö» ) ¡ æóßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÔúÊóãóáóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉõ.
æóãöãøóäú ÐóßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÇÈúäõ ÓóíøöÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝöíãóÇ ÔóÑóÍóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ÊóÈóÚðÇ(4/12)
áöÇÈúäö ØóÇåöÑò¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÞóíøöÏú ËóÇáöËóåóÇ ÈöÂÎöÑö ÇáÓøóäóÏö ; ßóÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ Èóáú ÃóØúáóÞóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóåõ ãöËóÇáðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú áóåõ ÐößúÑóåõ. æóÐóßóÑó ÑóÇÈöÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóäóÏö ; ßóÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏøóãúÊõåóÇ áöÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÒóÑúÚò ÈöÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉö Èóíúäó åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó æóÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÝóåóÐöåö ÛóÑóÇÈóÉñ ÊóÎõÕøõ ãóæúÖöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóÎóÇãöÓðÇ æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÊúäö ; ßóÑóÝúÚö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö.
[ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö]
[ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö] : (ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ) íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÑúæóì ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇËúäóíúäö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÑõæóÇÊöåö Ãóæú Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ØöÈóÇÞöåö Ãóæú ãõÚúÙóãöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö¡ ÝóíóÔúãóáõ ãóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÇ áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÃóÕúáðÇ ; ßóÜ: ( «ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÃõãøóÊöí ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó» ) ¡ æó: ( «æõáöÏúÊõ Ýöí Òóãóäö Çáúãóáößö ÇáúÚóÇÏöáö ßöÓúÑóì» ) ¡ æóÊóÓúáöíãö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáóÉö ; ÝóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóåóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö æóÝöí ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöÍö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö ãöäú(4/13)
ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊöåö: ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÊóÏõæÑõ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÇÞö¡ áóíúÓó áóåóÇ ÃóÕúáñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãöäúåóÇ: ( «ãóäú ÈóÔøóÑóäöí ÈöÎõÑõæÌö ÂÐóÇÑó ÈóÔøóÑúÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö» ) ¡ æó: ( «äóÍúÑõßõãú íóæúãõ Õóæúãößõãú» ) . æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö ÇáúãóØúæöíøóíúäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö¡ æóÓóäóÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ ãóÚó ãóÌöíÆöåö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÈöÓóäóÏò ÌóíøöÏò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó äóÙúãö ÇáúÚóáøóÇãøóÉö ÃóÈöí ÔóÇãóÉó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÔóÇÚóÊú æóáóÇ ... ÃóÕúáó áóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúæóÇÕöáö
ÎõÑõæÌõ ÂÐóÇÑó æóíóæúãõ Õóæúãößõãú ... Ëõãøó ÃóÐóì ÇáÐøöãøöíøö æóÑóÏøõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöáö
æóÞóÏú íóÔúÊóåöÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ åöíó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóËöíÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúßóËöíÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó. Èóáú æó (ÞóÓøóãõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ (áöÔõåúÑóÉò ãõØúáóÞóÉò) Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ; (ßóÜ) ÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ãóäú Óóáöãó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ãöäú áöÓóÇäöåö æóíóÏöåö» ) ¡ (ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æó) áöáúãõÔúÊóåöÑö¡ (ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÑö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó) ãóÚúÑöÝóÊõåõ¡ (ãöäú) äóÍúæö (ãóÔúåõæÑö ÞõäõæÊõåõ) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõßõæÚö ÔóåúÑóÇ) ; ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ; ãöäúåõãú ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó æóÚóÇÕöãñ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ æóÃóÈõæ ãöÌúáóÒò áóÇÍöÞõ Èúäõ ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Ëõãøó Úóäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ; ãöäúåõãú ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ ÇáÊøóíúãöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãöÌúáóÒò¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó¡ áóßöäú Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÎóÇÕøóÉð.(4/14)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãú ÝóÞóÏú íóÓúÊóÛúÑöÈõæäóåõ ; áößóæúäö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ßóæúäõåóÇ ÈöáóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉò. æóÅöáóì ãóÔúåõæÑò ãóÞúÕõæÑò Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ; ßóÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏøóãúÊõåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏúÊõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ. æóßóÐóÇ íóäúÞóÓöãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑò ÂÎóÑó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóãú íóÑúÊóÞö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ Ýöíåö.
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ]
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ] (æóãöäúåõ Ðõæ ÊóæóÇÊõÑò) ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÚóßöÓõ. íóÚúäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúÊóÞöí áöáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó áõÛóÉð: ÊóÑóÇÏõÝõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÞöÈóÉö æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóÊúÑóÉñ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ÑõÓõáóäóÇ ÊóÊúÑóì} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 44] ; Ãóíú: ÑóÓõæáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáò¡ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóÊúÑóÉñ. æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ: åõæó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ (ãõÓúÊóÞúÑóÇ Ýöí) ÌóãöíÚö (ØóÈóÞóÇÊöåö) ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö æóÑóÏó Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÛóíúÑö ãóÍúÕõæÑöíäó Ýöí ÚóÏóÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóáóÇ ÕöÝóÉò ãóÎúÕõæÕóÉò¡ Èóáú ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÑúÊóÞõæäó Åöáóì ÍóÏøò ÊõÍöíáõ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ãóÚóåõ ÊóæóÇØõÄóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ Ãóæú æõÞõæÚó ÇáúÛóáóØö ãöäúåõãõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÕúÏò. æóÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöåóÐóÇ ÎóÇÕøóÉð íóßõæäõ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÉò ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÃõÎúÑóì ÞóáöíáðÇ ; ÅöÐö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊõ ÇáúÚóáöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÊóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö Ãóæú ÊóÒöíÏõ Úóáóíúåö.
åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚó ßóæúäö ãõÓúÊóäóÏö ÇäúÊöåóÇÆöåö ÇáúÍöÓøó ; ãöäú ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉò Ãóæú ÓóãóÇÚò ; áöÃóäøó ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó íõÍúÊóãóáõ ÏõÎõæáõ ÇáúÛóáóØö Ýöíåö¡ æóäóÍúæõåõ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóäøó ÓóÇÆöáðÇ ÓóÃóáó ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí(4/15)
ÚóæóÇäóÉó Èöãöäðì¡ Ýóáóãú íõÚúØöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóáøóì áóÍöÞóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõæóÇäóÉó ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ: æóÇááøóåö áóÃóäúÝóÚóäøóßó ÈöåóÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóæóÇäóÉó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÇáÏøóÝúÚó ãöäó ÇáúãõÒúÏóáöÝóÉö¡ æóÞóÝó Ðóáößó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÌóÚóáó íõäóÇÏöí ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÑõÝúÞóÉð ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÇÔúßõÑõæÇ íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÚóØóÇÁò ÇááøóíúËöíøó¡ íóÚúäöí ãóæúáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóæóÇäóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÊóÞóÑøóÈó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Çáúíóæúãó ÈöÃóÈöí ÚóæóÇäóÉó ÝóÃóÚúÊóÞóåó. ÝóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóãõÑøõæäó ÝóæúÌðÇ ÝóæúÌðÇ Åöáóì íóÒöíÏó¡ íóÔúßõÑõæäó áóåõ Ðóáößó æóåõæó íõäúßöÑõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóËõÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚõ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÑóÏøö åóÄõáóÇÁö ßõáøöåöãú¿ ! ÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÃóäúÊó ÍõÑøñ.
æóÃóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÇáÕøöÑúÝö ; ßóÜ: ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ äöÕúÝõ ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÇÊö ; ÅöÐú ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú íõÎúÈöÑõ Úóäú äóÙóÑöåö¡ æóßõáøõåõ ãóÞúÈõæáñ ; áöÅöÝóÇÏóÊöåö ÇáúÞóØúÚó ÈöÕöÏúÞö ãõÎúÈöÑöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ãóÈóÇÍöËö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÈúÍóËõ Úóäú ÑöÌóÇáöåö ; áößóæúäöåö áóÇ ÏóÎúáó áöÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Ýöíåö ; æóáöÐóáößó áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáõ ; ßóÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÇáúÎóØöíÈö Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ ÈöÇÓúãöåö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö ÇáúãõÔúÚöÑö ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ¡ ÝóÝöí ßóáóÇãöåö ãóÇ íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇÊøóÈóÚó Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÚóáøó Ðóáößó áößóæúäöåö áóÇ íóÔúãóáõåõ ÕöäóÇÚóÊõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÇÊöåöãú.
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö]
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö] æóáóåõ ÃóãúËöáóÉñ ; (ßóãóÊúäö) ( «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» ) ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÚúÊóäóì ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ; ãöäúåõãõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ æóíõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ Îóáöíáò ÈöÌóãúÚö ØõÑõÞöåö¡(4/16)
æóÈóáóÛóÊú ÚöÏøóÉõ ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ ÚöäúÏó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÊóÈöÚóåõ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó ÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ Èóáö ÇÑúÊóÞóÊú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö áöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÒóÇÏó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÕóÇÚöÏò ÚóÏóÏðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ.
æóÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö ÔóÇÑöÍö (ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö) áöÓöÊøöíäó. (ÝóÜ) ÜÇÑúÊóÞóÊú (ÝóæúÞó ÓöÊøöíäó) ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ÈöÇËúäóíúäö (Ñóæóæúåõ) ßóãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊöåö¡ æóáöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÒóÇÏóÊö ÇáØøõÑõÞõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøöÓúÚöíäó. æóÌóÒóãó ÈöÐóáößó ÇÈúäõ ÏöÍúíóÉó.
æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö áöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÚóÏøö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÓøöÊøöíäó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ.
(æóÇáúÚóÌóÈú ÈöÃóäøó ãöäú ÑõæóÇÊöåö áóáúÚóÔóÑóåú) ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö. (æó) Ãóäøóåõ (ÎõÕøó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö) ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóíúäö ; æóåõãóÇ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÃóÒúíóÏó ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ãöäúåõãú¡ (ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ) ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÍößóÇíóÉð (Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ) ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÓúãóÚú¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáäøõÓúÎóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí äóÞúáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇÆöíäöíøö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóíúåö.
Èóáú ÃóÔóÚóÑó ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÈöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö Èößóæúäöåö ãöËóÇáðÇ áöáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇÒö ãöËóÇáò áöÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ íõÑúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÃóÚúíóÇåõ ÊóØóáøõÈõåõ.
ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏöíËõ: ( «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö» ) áóíúÓó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöÓóÈöíáò¡ æóÅöäú äóÞóáóåõ ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÉð ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó(4/17)
ØóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí æóÓóØö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö¡ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÐößúÑõåõ. äóÚóãú¡ ÍóÏöíËõ: ( «ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó» ) äóÑóÇåõ ãöËóÇáðÇ áöÐóáößó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ äóÞóáóåõ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúÌóãøõ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóßöäú äóÇÒóÚó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÔõíõæÎö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÔóÑúØóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁõ ØóÑóÝóíúåö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð Ýöí ßõáøö ØóÑöíÞò ãöäú ØõÑõÞöåö ÈöãõÝúÑóÏöåóÇ.
æóÃõÌöíÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáØøõÑõÞó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö æóÇÈúäö ÚóæúÝò Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ãöäúåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãöäó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö Úóáöíøñ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÍöÓóÇäö ØóáúÍóÉõ æóÓóÚúÏñ æóÓóÚöíÏñ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ æóãöäó ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö ÇáúãõÊóãóÇÓößö ØóÑöíÞõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÈóÞöíøóÊõåóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ Ãóæú ÓóÇÞöØñ. æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÞóÏú æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö ßóæúäöåö ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö Úóäö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö ãöäó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöåö Åöáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇÆöåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóÇÝò Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóØóÑöíÞõ ÃóäóÓò æóÍúÏóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåóÇ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ æóÊóæóÇÊóÑóÊú Úóäúåõãú. æóÍóÏöíËõ Úóáöíøò ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÓöÊøóÉñ ãöäú ãóÔóÇåöíÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóËöÞóÇÊöåöãú.
æóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ.
Ýóáóæú Þöíáó Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ Úóäú ÕóÇÍöÈóíúåö¡ áóßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÌõãöÚó ãöäú ØõÑõÞöåö ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö. (ÞõáúÊõ: Èóáóì) ¡ áóãú íõÎóÕøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÊúäõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ Èóáú (ãóÓúÍõ ÇáúÎöÝóÇÝö) ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ - ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: (ÇáúãõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö) - ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉõ. Èóáú ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓóÈúÚõæäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÓúÍö Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö. æóáóßöäú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóÞóÇáñ. äóÚóãú¡ ÌóãóÚó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÑõæóÇÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóÌóÇæóÒõæÇ ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó.
æóÕóÑøóÍó ÌóãúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÓúÍó Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ. æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ãöäúåõãú: Ñóæóì ÇáúãóÓúÍó Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóÍúæõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó æóÊóæóÇÊóÑó. æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó Ýöí ÞóáúÈöí ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÍö ÔóíúÁñ¡ Ýöíåö ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú(4/18)
ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÇ ÑóÝóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóãóÇ æóÞóÝõæÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ãõåóäøóÇ: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Úóäú ÃóÌúæóÏö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÍö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏöíËõ ÔõÑóíúÍö Èúäö åóÇäöÆò: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. . .¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÚóæúÝö Èúäö ãóÇáößò. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÍóÏöíËõ ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÓøóÇáò¿ ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÊóæúÞöíÊñ áöáúãõÞöíãö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ãöäú ãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö¡ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÑõæóÇÊóåõ ÒóÇÏóÊú Úóáóì ÓöÊøöíäó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ãöãøóÇ ãóÓøóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ æóÚóÏóãõåõ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö (ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåò) ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ (Åöáóì ÚóÔúÑóÊöåöãú) ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ; Ãóíú: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ (ÑóÝúÚó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö (ÇáúíóÏóíúäö äóÓóÈóÇ) ¡ Èóáú ÎóÕøóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÈöÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÓõäøóÉð ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ Ëõãøó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉõ Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÔøóÇÓöÚóÉö ÛóíúÑó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ: æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃõÓúÊóÇÐõäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ; ÝóÞóÏú ÑõæöíóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÇáÊøóãúåöíÏö) : Åöäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÝóÚóÒóÇåõ áöÓóÈúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó äóÝúÓðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøõ. æóÚöÏøóÊõåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÇËúäóÇäö æóÚöÔúÑõæäõ.
æóÊóÊóÈøóÚó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡(4/19)
ÝóÈóáóÛó Èöåöãú äóÍúæó ÇáúÎóãúÓöíäó. æóæóÕóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóßúËóÑõåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æõÑõæÏðÇ ; æóáöÐóÇ áóãøóÇ Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ßóæúäóåõ íõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÈóáóÛó Èöåöãú ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóÏö. ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó áóãú íóÒóáú ÚóÏóÏõ ÑõæóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇÒúÏöíóÇÏò¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæóÇáöí æóÇáöÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑö.
ÞõáúÊõ: ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÞóÊú ÚöÏøóÊõåõãú áóÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ËóãóÇäöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÎóÑøóÌóåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøöíäó ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò ÞóáöíáóÉò Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóÈóáóÛó Èöåöãö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóåöíó ÈöÎóØøö æóáóÏöåö Úóáöíøò äóÞúáðÇ Úóäú ÎóØøö ÃóÈöíåö¡ ËóãóÇäöíóÉð æóÊöÓúÚöíäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõãú äóÍúæõ ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö. Èóáú (æóäóíøóÝõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÒóÇÏõæÇ¡ (Úóäú ãöÇÆóÉò) ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÇËúäóíúäö (ãóäú ßóÐóÈóÇ) ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÌúãõæÚö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ ÚóÒóÇ ÇáúÚöÏøóÉó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó áöãõÕóäøóÝö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö Îóáöíáò ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÌõÒúÃóíúäö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÙóÇåöÑó ßóáóÇãö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙóíúäö ; íõæÓõÝó Èúäó Îóáöíáò¡ æóÃóÈóÇ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøó - æóåõãóÇ ãõÊóÚóÇÕöÑóÇäö - æóÞóÚó áößõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÊõßõãøöáóÊö ÇáúãöÇÆóÉõ ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú.
æóÃóÚúáóì ãöäú åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö Þóæúáõ Çáäøóæóæöíøö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ãõÓúáöãò: Åöäøóåõ ÌóÇÁó Úóäú ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáú Ýöí ÇÒúÏöíóÇÏò. æóÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ Ðóáößó¡ æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ; ßóÍóÏöíËö: ( «ãóäú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäøöí ÈöÍóÏöíËò íóÑóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñ Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈöíäó» ) æóäóÍúæöåö. æóáóßöäú áóÚóáøóåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ - ÓóÈúÞõ Þóáóãò ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉò¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÈõæáõ æóÇáúãóÑúÏõæÏõ.(4/20)
æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÔøóíúÎóÇäö ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò æóÃóäóÓò æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó. æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóßúæóÚö æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö æóæóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö. æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò.
æóÕóÍøó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóÌóÇÈöÑò æóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó. æóæóÑóÏó ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÍöÓóÇäò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö æóÓóÚúÏò æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö æóãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò æóÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò æóÓóáúãóÇäó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó æóÑóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÎóÏöíÌò æóØóÇÑöÞò ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö æóÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÚõÑúÝõØóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó æóÃóÈöí ÞöÑúÕóÇÝóÉó æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÛóÇÝöÞöíøö æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó.
ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö æóÇÍöÏñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó äóÝúÓðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóæóÑóÏó Úóäú äóÍúæö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÖóÚöíÝóÉò ãõÊóãóÇÓößóÉò ; ãöäúåõãú ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÝøóÇäó. æóÚóäú äóÍúæö ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÂÎóÑöíäó ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏó ÓóÇÞöØóÉò. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóíúÎóäóÇ ÞóÏú äóÇÒóÚó ÇÈúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÔúÚóÑó Èöåö ßóáóÇãõåõ ãöäú ÚöÒøóÉö æõÌõæÏö ãöËóÇáò áöáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÏóÚúæóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÇáúÚóÏóãó¡ íóÚúäöí ßóÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó æóÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøö. æóÞóÑøóÑó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÞóÇÆöáöåö äóÔóÃó Úóäú ÞöáøóÉö ÇØøöáóÇÚò Úóáóì ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáØøõÑõÞö æóÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåöãö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöÅöÈúÚóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Ãóäú íóÊóæóÇØóÆõæÇ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈò Ãóæú íóÍúÕõáó ãöäúåõãõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ.
ÞóÇáó: æóãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÇ íõÞóÑøóÑõ Èöåö ßóæúäõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ æõÌõæÏó ßóËúÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÊõÈó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉó ÇáúãõÊóÏóÇæóáóÉó ÈöÃóíúÏöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÔóÑúÞðÇ æóÛóÑúÈðÇ¡ ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöÕöÍøóÉö äöÓúÈóÊöåóÇ Åöáóì ãõÕóäøöÝöíåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÍóÏöíËò¡ æóÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊú ØõÑõÞõåõ ÊóÚóÏøõÏðÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊóæóÇØõÄóåõãú ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö¡ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö Åöáóì ÞóÇÆöáöåö¡ æóãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö ßóËöíÑñ.(4/21)
æóÞóÏú ÊóæóÞøóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÂÎöÐöíäó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ãóÞóÇáóÊöåö åóÐöåö¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÏóÎúáó áöÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö. æóåõæó æóÇÖöÍõ ÇáöÇáúÊöíóÇãö¡ ÝóãóÇ åõäóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ßóæúäö Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ãóËóáðÇ ÊõÈúÚöÏõ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ - áöÌóáóÇáóÊöåöãú - ÊóæóÇØõÄó ËóáóÇËóÉò ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ßóÐöÈò Ãóæú ÛóáóØò¡ æóßóæúäö ÛóíúÑöåóÇ áöÇäúÍöØóÇØö ÃóåúáöåóÇ Úóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚóÔóÑóÉò ãóËóáðÇ¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÃóåúáöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåöãú ÈöÇáúÝöÓúÞö æóäóÍúæöåö áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÒöíÏö ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö.
äóÚóãú¡ íõãúßöäõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö áöãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ãöäú ãóÈóÇÍöËöäóÇ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
[ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉõ]
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ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö ãóÓóÇÌöÏó¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøóÝúÚö ãöäó ÇáÑøõßõæÚö. æóÇáúÂÈõÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóåúÏöíøö. æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ÇåúÊóÒøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔõ áöãóæúÊö ÓóÚúÏò» ) . æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÍóÏöíËó ÎõØúÈóÉö ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáúÌóÇÈöíóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäøó ÅöÏúÑöíÓó Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö. æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÍóÏöíËó ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ æóÇáäøõÒõæáö. æóÇÈúäõ ÈóØøóÇáò ÍóÏöíËó Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö. æóÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÔøöíÑóÇÒöíøõ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÛóÓúáö ÇáÑøöÌúáóíúäö: áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÂÍóÇÏò ; áöÃóäøó ãóÌúãõæÚóåóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ. æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøö ; ßóÔóÌóÇÚóÉö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÌõæÏö ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö. æóÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÑúäöí» ) . æóÞóÏú ÃõÝúÑöÏó ãóÇ æõÕöÝó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí(4/23)
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[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóãúËöáóÊöåö] (ÛóÑöíÈõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÞóÑöíÈðÇ¡ ÝóÐóÇßó íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ åõäóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóÇ íóÎúÝóì ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊõæäö ; áöÞöáøóÉö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö æóÏóæóÑóÇäöåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ýóåúãõåõ æóáóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóäúÞöíÑö Úóäúåõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ãóåóãøóÇÊö ÇáúÝóäøö ; áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ÝóåúãöåóÇ Úóáóíúåö. æóÊóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÇáúÚöäóÇíóÉõ Èöåö áöãóäú íóÑúæöí ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì. æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö Ýöíåö¡ æóáóæú ÃõÖöíÝó áöÐóáößó ÃóãúËöáóÉñ ßóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö¡ Èóáú ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÈóÑúÔóäúÓöíøõ Ýöí ÃóáúÝöíøóÊöåö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍöíøóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ äóÝúÓöåö ; ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑó ÌóÇäöÈðÇ ãöäúåõ. Èóáú æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö Ýöí åöÏóÇíóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÔóÑóÍúÊõåóÇ¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÝóÑúÏñ ßóÇáúÌóÚúÙóÑöíøö: ÇáúÝóÙøõ ÇáúÛóáöíÙõ¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇáúãõÄúÊóáöÝö æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝö¡ ßóÃóäú ÊóÃúÊöíó ßóáöãóÉñ áöãóÚúäðì æóíõÕóÍøöÝóåóÇ áöãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóíóÃúÊóáöÝóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóØøö æóíóÎúÊóáöÝóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõØúÞö ; ßóÞóÏóÍö(4/24)
ÇáÑøóÇßöÈö ÈöÝóÊúÍóÊóíúäö: ÇáúÂäöíóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ ãóÚó ÊóÓúæöíóÉö ÇáÕøóÝøö¡ ßóÇáúÞöÏúÍö ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö Ëõãøó Óõßõæäò: ÇáÓøóåúãõ. æóßóÇáúãóäúÕóÝö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöÝóÊúÍö Çáúãöíãö: ÇáúãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáúæóÓóØõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóæúÖöÚóíúäö¡ æóÈößóÓúÑöåóÇ: ÇáúÎóÇÏöãõ. æóßóÍóÐóÝò ÈöÊóÍúÑöíßö ÇáÐøóÇáö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ßóÈóäóÇÊö ÍóÐóÝò¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÛóäóãõ ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒöíøóÉõ¡ æóÈöÅöÓúßóÇäöåóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (ÍóÐúÝõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãö ÓõäøóÉñ) ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÎúÝöíÝõåõ æóÚóÏóãõ ÅöØóÇáóÊöåö.
æóßóÇáÔøóÚóÝóÉö æóåöíó ÈöÇáÔøöíäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÊóíúäö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (æóÑóÌõáñ Ýöí ÔóÚóÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáÔøöÚóÇÝö) ¡ íõÑöíÏõ Èöåö ÑóÃúÓó ÌóÈóáò ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÚúÝóÉö æóåöíó ÈöÇáÓøöíäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö æóÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáÓøóÇßöäóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (Åöäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÌóÇÑöíóÉð ÈöåóÇ ÓóÚúÝóÉñ) ; Ãóíú: ÞõÑõæÍñ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö. æóÇáÓøóÚóÝóÉõ ãöËúáõåõ¡ áóßöäú ÈöÊóÍúÑöíßö ÇáúÚóíúäö: ÃóÛúÕóÇäõ ÇáäøóÎöíáö. æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞö æóÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöÞö¡ ÈöÃóäú ÊóÃúÊöíó ßóáöãóÉñ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚóíúäö áöãóÚúäóíóíúäö¡ ßóÇáØøóÈóÞö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (ÝóÌóÇÁó ØóÈóÞñ ãöäú ÌóÑóÇÏò) : ÇáúÞóØöíÚõ¡ æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: (ÈóÏóÃó ØóÈóÞõ ÇáúÞóÑúäö) . æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇãõ æóÇáúÅöåúãóÇáõ ; ßóÇáÊøóÔúãöíÊö¡ æó: (ãóÕúãöÕõæÇ ãöäó ÇááøóÈóäö) - áóßóÇäó ÃóÝúíóÏó. æóäóÍúæõåõ ÊóÞúÏöíãõ ÈóÚúÖö ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö æóÊóÃúÎöíÑõåóÇ ; ßóÇáØøóÈöíÎö æóÇáúÈöØøöíÎö¡ æóÌóÐóÈó Ýöí ÌóÈóÐó¡ æóÃóäúÚóãó Ýöí ÃóãúÚóäó.
æóãöãøóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ãõÝóÑøóÞðÇ æóåõæó äóÇÝöÚñ ãóÚó ãõÔóÇÍóÍóÉò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåö: áóÇ ÊõÍóÑøößõ ÇáúÅöÈúØó ÝóíóÝõæÍó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÊóÍö ÇáúÌöÑóÇÈó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóßúÓöÑö ÇáúÞóÕúÚóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóãõÏøó ÇáúÞóÝóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáúÊó ßõæðì ÝóÇÝúÊóÍú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌúÊó ÝóÖõãøó¡ æóÇáúÌóäóÇÒóÉõ ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÇáúßóÓúÑö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÚúáóì áöáúÃóÚúáóì æóÇáúÃóÓúÝóáõ áöáúÃóÓúÝóáö. æóãóáößñ ÈößóÓúÑö ÇááøóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÈöÝóÊúÍöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö.
[Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö]
[Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö] (æóÇáäøóÖúÑõ) Èúäõ Ôõãóíúáò ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúãóÇÒöäöíøõ¡ (Ãóæú) ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó (ãóÚúãóÑõ) Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ (ÎõáúÝñ Ãóæøóáõ) ; Ãóíú: ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö (ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó)(4/25)
ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö (ÇáúÛóÑöíÈó) ÇáúãõÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö¡ (ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáõæÇ) . ÝóÌóÒóãó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí Úõáõæãöåö ÈöÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ. æóåõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò. æóãóÔóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ëõãøó ÇáúãõÍöÈøõ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Ýöí (ÊóÞúÑöíÈö ÇáúãóÑóÇãö) áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ áóßöäú ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖö ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó æóÝóÇÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÚóÔúÑò æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöÓóÈúÚóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóßöÊóÇÈóÇåõãóÇ ãóÚó ÌóáóÇáóÊöåöãóÇ ÕóÛöíÑóÇäö ; áöÌóÑóíóÇäö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÆö ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÓúÈóÞú Åöáóíúåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÝõÔõæøðÇ ãöäú äóÞöíÖöåö¡ æóÃóßúÈóÑõåõãóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ.
æóáóÞóÏú ÈóÇáóÛó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈöåö Óöæóì ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÍóÏöíËðÇ.
[ÐößúÑõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊó ÇáúßõÊõÈö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö]
[ÐößúÑõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊó ÇáúßõÊõÈö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö] æóãöãøóäú ÌóãóÚó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúíóÓöíÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöíÑö ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøò ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÈöÞõØúÑõÈò. æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõãóÇ ÞóÈúáó ãóÚúãóÑò¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÈöÓöÊøö Óöäöíäó¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚò. Ëõãøó ÌóãóÚó ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÞõÑóíúÈò ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøõ ÚóÕúÑöíøõ ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ ÝóÒóÇÏó æóÃóÍúÓóäó. Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÇááøõÛóÉö ÌóãóÚõæÇ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Úóáóì áõÛóÊöåóÇ æóãóÚúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÃóæúÑóÇÞò ÐóæóÇÊö ÚóÏóÏò. æóáóãú íóßóÏú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú íóäúÝóÑöÏõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈößóÈöíÑö ÃóãúÑò áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúíóÒöíÏöíøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.(4/26)
(Ëõãøó Êóáóì) ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÂäó (ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò) ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò¡ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö (224åÜ) ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó Ýöí ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ ÊóÚöÈó Ýöíåö ÌöÏøðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÞóÇãó Ýöíåö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÈöÍóíúËõ ÇÓúÊóÞúÕóì æóÃóÌóÇÏó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóæóÞóÚó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóæúÞöÚò Ìóáöíáò¡ æóÕóÇÑó ÞõÏúæóÉð Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇÈúäó ßóËöíÑò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÔóíúÁò æõÖöÚó Ýöíåö¡ íóÚúäöí ÞóÈúáóåõ. æóáóßöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÑóÊøóÈò¡ ÝóÑóÊøóÈóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãõæóÝøóÞõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÞõÏóÇãóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáö ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóäúÊóÝöÚõæäó ÈößöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò. æóÚóãöáó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÖøóÑöíÑõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚóÞøõÈö Úóáóíúåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóäú ÌóãóÚó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúßöäúÏöíøõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÊöáúãöíÐõ ãóÚúãóÑò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ ÔöãúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóãúÏóæóíúåö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóÎóãúÓöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö (256åÜ) . æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏúÑõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ãöÑóÇÑðÇ.
(æóÇÞúÊóÝóì) ÃóËóÑó ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÍóÐóÇ ÍóÐúæóåõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ÇáÏøóíúäóæóÑöíøõ (ÇáúÞõÊóÈöíøõ) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÞóÇÝö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúãõËóäøóÇÉö äöÓúÈóÉð áöÌóÏøöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÕóäøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÐóíúáðÇ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÝóßóÇäó(4/27)
ÃóßúÈóÑó ÍóÌúãðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúáöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÖóÇÝó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåó Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóæúåóÇãöåö¡ Èóáú æóÃóÝúÑóÏó áöáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö Úóáóíúåö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÓóãøóÇåõ ÅöÕúáóÇÍó ÇáúÛóáóØö.
æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÕóÑó áöÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÕúÑò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò áóØöíÝò ÑóÏøó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ áóßöäú ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö: Åöäøó ÇÈúäó ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó ßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÛóáóØö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåö ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ãõÚóÇÕöÑöí ÇÈúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÎóãúÓò æóËóãóÇäöíäó¡ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÍóÇÝöáðÇ¡ ÃóØóÇáóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúãõÊõæäö ÈöÊóãóÇãöåóÇ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÅöáøóÇ ßóáöãóÉñ¡ ÝóåõÌöÑó áöÐóáößó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ãóÚó ÌóáóÇáóÉö ãõÕóäøöÝöåö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÝóæóÇÆöÏö ßöÊóÇÈöåö. Ëõãøó ÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáúãõÈóÑøöÏö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóËóÚúáóÈò ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÅöÍúÏóì æóÊöÓúÚöíäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÓøóáóÇãö ÇáúÎõÔøöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÓöÊøò æóËóãóÇäöíäó.
æóãöäó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ; ßóÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ÍóÒúãò ÇáÓøóÑóÞõÓúØöíøö¡ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÇËúäóÊóíúäö. æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ (ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ) ¡ Ðóíúáñ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÞõÊóíúÈöíøö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÇÓöãñ ÞóÏö ÇÈúÊóÏóÃóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõßúãöáóåõ¡ ÝóÃóßúãóáóåõ ÃóÈõæåõ ; áöÊóÃóÎøõÑö æóÝóÇÊöåö Úóäúåõ ãõÏøóÉð ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó. æóßóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏö ÛõáóÇãö ËóÚúáóÈò¡ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó. æóÛóÑöíÈõåõ ÕóäøóÝóåõ Úóáóì ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ ÌöÏøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó.
(Ëõãøó) ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó (ÍóãúÏñ) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ ÇáúÈõÓúÊöíøõ(4/28)
ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóËóãóÇäöíäó æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò (388åÜ) ¡ (ÕóäøóÝóÇ) ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ðóíúáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞõÊóíúÈöíøö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ÃóÛóÇáöíØöåö.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ - ÃóÚúäöí ßõÊõÈó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö æóÇáúÞõÊóíúÈöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò - ÃõãøóåóÇÊõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÄóáøóÝóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö. æóæóÑóÇÁóåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - ãóÌóÇãöíÚõ ÊóÔúÊóãöáõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÒóæóÇÆöÏó æóÝóæóÇÆöÏó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: áóãú íóÎúáõ Òóãóäñ ãöäú ãõÕóäøöÝò Ýöíåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö ßöÊóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö ÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑöíøö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö æóÚóÕúÑöíøö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö¡ Èóáú æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó ÅöÍúÏóì æóÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉò (401åÜ) ¡ ÌóãóÚó Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ßöÊóÇÈóíú ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò æóÇÈúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò ÌóãøóÉò¡ æóÅöÖóÇÝóÊöåö áöÐóáößó ÛóÑöíÈó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ãõÑóÊøöÈðÇ áöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóÌúãóÚó ãõÕóäøóÝò Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóÈúáóåõ. æóÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö Óõáóíúãõ Èúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÓóÈúÚò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó (47åÜ) ¡ æóÓóãøóÇåõ (ÊóÞúÑöíÈó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈóíúäö) . æóßóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò íóÓöíÑóÉò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑó ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö ÓóäóÉó ÓóÈúÚò æóÊöÓúÚöíäó. Èóáú æóÌóãóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ äóÇÕöÑò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ - æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ ÓóäóÉó ÎóãúÓöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò (550åÜ) - ÃóæúåóÇãóåõ Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝò ãõÓúÊóÞöáøò. æóÐóíøóáó Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈóíúäö æóÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö(4/29)
ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ ÐóíúáðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóãóÚó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ - ÃóÚúäöí ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö æóÇáÐøóíúáó Úóáóíúåö áöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÎóÇÕøóÉð - ÇáúãóÌúÏõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö ÇáúÌóÒúÑöíøõ ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò ÌóãøóÉò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó ßóÇÓúãöåö¡ æóÚóæøóáó Úóáóíúåö ßõáøõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; áöÌóãúÚöåö æóÓõåõæáóÉö ÇáÊøóäóÇæõáö ãöäúåõ¡ ãóÚó ÅöÚúæóÇÒò Þóáöíáò Ýöíåö. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÝöíøó ãóÍúãõæÏó Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáúÃõÑúãóæöíøó Ðóíøóáó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ßóÊóÈó Úóáóì äõÓúÎóÊöåö ãöäúåõ ÍóæóÇÔöíó¡ ÝóÃóÝúÑóÏóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó áöáúãõÕóäøöÝö Úóáóì äõÓúÎóÊöåö ãöäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóæóÇÔöíó ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ ßóÇäó ÚóÒúãõåõ ÊóÌúÑöíÏóåóÇ Ýöí Ðóíúáò ßóÈöíÑò¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÊóíóÓøóÑó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò.
æóßóÐóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö ßöÊóÇÈñ ÂÎóÑõ ÓóãøóÇåõ (ãóäóÇáó ÇáØøóÇáöÈö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ØöæóÇáö ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö) Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò. Èóáú æóáóåõ ÔóÑúÍõ ÛóÑöíÈö ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö) Ýöí ãõÌóáøóÏò. æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ ÂÎöÑó íóæúãò ãöäú ÓóäóÉö ÓöÊøò æóÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉò (606åÜ) .
æóãöäúåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ (ÇáúÝóÇÆöÞö) áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøö ãöäú ÃóäúÝóÓö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ; áöÌóãúÚöåö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÑøöÞó Ýöí ãóßóÇäò æóÇÍöÏò ãóÚó ÍõÓúäö ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö æóÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö. æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö Ýóåõæó ãõáúÊóÒöãñ ÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁó ãóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ãöäú ÛóÑöíÈò Ýöí ÍóÑúÝò ãöäú ÍõÑõæÝö ÈóÚúÖö ßóáöãóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÚóÓõÑó áöÐóáößó ÇáúßóÔúÝõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áößöÊóÇÈò ÇáúåóÑóæöíøö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÃóÓúåóáõ ÊóäóÇæõáðÇ ãöäú ßóËöíÑò ãöãøóäú ÞóÈúáóåõ. æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÉõ ãõÄóáøöÝöåö ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò æóËóáóÇËöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò (538åÜ) .
æóãöäúåóÇ (ãóÌúãóÚõ ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö) áöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö Ëõãøó ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö¡ ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÊöÓúÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò (529åÜ) . æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑó ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ: æóÒóÇÏó(4/30)
Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßóÇÔúÛóÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóÌúãóÚö ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö¡ ÝóíõäúÙóÑõ.
æóãöäúåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ (ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞö) áöáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖò ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÓóäóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉò (544åÜ) . æóåõæó ÃóÌóáøõ ßöÊóÇÈò¡ ÌóãóÚó Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÖóÈúØö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö æóÈóíóÇäö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÎóÕøóåõ ÈöÇáúãõæóØøóÃö æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãóÚó ãóÇ ÃóÖóÇÝó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ãõÔúÊóÈóåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö. æóíõäúÓóÈõ áöÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÞõÑúÞõæáò ÊöáúãöíÐö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖò ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ÊöÓúÚò æóÓöÊøöíäó ßöÊóÇÈõ (ÇáúãóØóÇáöÚö) .
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÒóÚñ ãöäó (ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞö) áöÔóíúÎöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö äóÓóÈóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙóãóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÔóãúÓõ ÇáÏøöíäö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúßóÑöíãö Èúäö ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøö ÝóÃóÍúÓóäó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó. æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö (ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏõ) áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøö¡ æó (ÞóäúÚóÉõ ÇáúÃóÑöíÈö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö) áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáäøóÍúæöíøö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕóì ßóËúÑóÉð¡ æóÛóÑöíÈõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÎóÇÕøóÉð áöÃóÈöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇÈõæäöíøö¡ æóÛóÑöíÈõ ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú. æóßóÐóÇ ÌóÑøóÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÔõÑõæÍö(4/31)
ãõÓúáöãò ÛóÑöíÈóåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõåõ ÇáúÂäó ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: æóÃóÌóáøõ ßöÊóÇÈò íõæÌóÏõ Ýöíåö ãóÌóÇãöÚõ Ðóáößó ßöÊóÇÈõ (ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö) áöáúÌóæúåóÑöíøö. ÞõáúÊõ: æó (ÇáúÞóÇãõæÓõ) áöáúãóÌúÏö ÇáÔøöíÑóÇÒöíøö ÔóíúÎö ÔõíõæÎöäóÇ. æóåõæó - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - íóÞúÈõÍõ Ìóåúáõåõ ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚóÇãøóÉð.
[ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö æóÃóåúáöåö]
[ÇáöÇÚúÊöäóÇÁõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö æóÃóåúáöåö] (ÝóÇÚúäó) ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÞúÈöáõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö¡ (Èöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÊóÍóÝøõÙðÇ æóÊóÏóÈøõÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúÒóãö ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉó ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö¡ (æóáóÇ ÊóÎõÖú) Ýöíåö ÑóÌúãðÇ (ÈöÇáÙøóäøö) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÇáúåóíøöäö¡ æóÇáúÎóÇÆöÖõ Ýöíåö ÍóÞöíÞñ ÈöÇáÊøóÍóÑøöí¡ ÌóÏöíÑñ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÞøöí.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóäóÇåöíßó Èöåö ÍóíúËõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÍóÑúÝò ãöäúåõ: (ÓóáõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ; ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóßúÑóåõ Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöí Þóæúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóÃõÎúØöÆó) . æóÞóÇáó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Ýöí áóÝúÙöåö: (ÎõÐõæåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöäøóÇ) . ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ íõÔúÈöåõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. (æóáóÇ ÊõÞóáøöÏú ÛóíúÑó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÝóäøö) æóÃóÌöáøóÇÆöåö Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóßõÊõÈõåõãú ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö ÃóÎúØóÃó Ýöí ÊóÕóÑøõÝöåö. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöËúáõ ÇáúÃóÕúãóÚöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóäú ÚóáöãúÊó ÌóáóÇáóÊóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóäóÇ áóÇ ÃõÝóÓøöÑõ ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈó ÊóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÞúÈó ÇááøóÒöíÞõ. ÝóßóíúÝó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáúÝóäøö¿ ! Ãóãú ßóíúÝó ÈöãóÇ íõÑóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöåóæóÇãöÔö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ãöãøóÇ íõÌúåóáõ ßóÇÊöÈõåõ¿ ! Èóáú ÔóÑóØó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöíãóäú íõÞóáøöÏõ ÇØøöáóÇÚóåõ Úóáóì ÃóßúËóÑö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáóÇÊö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÍöÞöíÞóÉð æóãóÌóÇÒðÇ.(4/32)
ÝóÞóÇáó: æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Íóãúáõ ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÛóÑöíÈóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Úóáóì ãóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÊóÈøõÚö ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÈöÃóäøó ãõÑóÇÏóåõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãóÚóÇäò ÇÎúÊóÑóÚóåóÇ åõæó¡ ÝóíõÍúãóáõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóáóÇ íõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó åõäóÇ áóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇááøóÍúäö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏó ßóáöãóÉð ãöäú ÛóÑöíÈö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÞóíøóÏóÉò æóÃõÔúßöáóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍóíúËõ ÌóÇÒó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáó ÚóäúåóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ - Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö - æóíóÑúæöíóåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäóåõ Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ñõæöíó ãöËúáõåõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
[ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÈöãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØõÑõÞöåö]
[ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÈöãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØõÑõÞöåö] (æóÎóíúÑõ ãóÇ ÝóÓøóÑúÊóåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÇáúÛóÑöíÈó¡ (ÈöÜ) ÇáúãóÚúäóì (ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö) Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ãõÝóÓøöÑðÇ áöÐóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙö ; (ßóÇáÏøõÎøö) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáÏøóÇáö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóíøöÏö ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÝóÊúÍó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãõÚúÌóãóÉñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑóåõ (ÈöÇáÏøõÎøóÇäö) ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö áõÛóÉð ÍóßóÇåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÏøõÑóíúÏö æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóíøöÏö æóÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ æóÂÎóÑõæäó¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ÚöäúÏó ÑöæóÇÞö ÇáúÈóíúÊö íóÛúÔóì ÇáÏøõÎøóÇ
Ýöí ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ (áöÇÈúäö ÕóÇÆöÏö) ÈöãõåúãóáóÊóíúäö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÃóáöÝñ Ëõãøó ãõËóäøóÇÉñ: ÃóÈöí ÚöãóÇÑóÉó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇÈúäõ ÕóíøóÇÏò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáõ. ÝóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö åöÔóÇãö Èúäö íõæÓõÝó¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäö(4/33)
ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: (ÎóÈøóÃúÊõ áóßó ÎóÈöíÆðÇ) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÕóÇÆöÏò: åõæó ÇáÏøõÎøõ. (ßóÐóÇßó) ; Ãóíú: ßóæúäõåõ ÇáÏøõÎóÇäó¡ ËóÈóÊó (ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö) Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóßóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: æóÎóÈøóÃó áóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: {íóæúãó ÊóÃúÊöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÈöÏõÎóÇäò ãõÈöíäò} [ÇáÏÎÇä: 10] .
Èóáú Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò: ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÕóíøóÇÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáÏøõÎóÇäõ. Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóØöÚú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÏøõÎøõ ÇáÏøõÎøõ. æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúßõåøóÇäö Ýöí ÇÎúÊöØóÇÝö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ãöäó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æõÞõæÝò Úóáóì ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: (ÇÎúÓóÃú¡ Ýóáóäú ÊóÚúÏõæó ÞóÏúÑóßó) ; Ãóíú: ÝóáóÇ ãóÒöíÏó áóßó Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÇáúßõåøóÇäö.
æóæóÞóÚó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÑöËóÉó ÞóÇáó: (ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎóÈøóÃó áóåõ ÓõæÑóÉó ÇáÏøõÎóÇäö) :. æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó æóÃóÑóÇÏó ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ.
æóÍóßóì ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøöÑøó Ýöí ÇãúÊöÍóÇäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäó ãóÑúíóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÞúÊõáõ ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó ÈöÍóÈúáö ÇáÏøõÎóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÖó áöÇÈúäö ÕóÇÆöÏò ÈöÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ(4/34)
ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáõ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøó ÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáÏøõÎøö ÈöÇáÏøõÎóÇäö¡ æóÕóæøóÈó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÈøóÃó áóåõ ÇáÏøõÎøó¡ æóåõæó äóÈúÊñ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÓóÇÊöíäö. æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõÎóÇäó áóÇ íõÍóØøõ Ýöí ÇáúíóÏö æóáóÇ Çáúßõãøö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÈøóÃó áóåõ ÇÓúãó ÇáÏøõÎóÇäö Ýöí ÖóãöíÑöåö.
(æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ) ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö (ÝóÓøóÑóåõ) ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Úõáõæãöåö (ÇáúÌöãóÇÚó) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÌöãóÇÚö¡ (æóåúæó) ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ (æóÇåöãõ) Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: Åöäøóåõ ÊóÎúáöíØñ ÝóÇÍöÔñ íóÛöíÙõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäó. æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãö: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁó Úóäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇáÏøõÎøö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÐóÇ íóÏõÎøõåóÇ æóíóÒõÎøõåóÇ - íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáÒøóÇÁö ÈóÏóáó ÇáÏøóÇáö - ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÇáÏøõÎøõ æóÇáÒøóÎøõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÕóÇÆöÏò - ÎóÐóáóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö - ãóÝúåõæãñ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóäúÔóÏó áöÚóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ØõæÈóì áöãóäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ãóÒóÎøóåú íóÒõÎøõåóÇ Ëõãøó íóäóÇãõ ÇáúÝóÎøóåú ÝóÇáúãóÒóÎøóÉõ ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö: åöíó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ. æóãóÚúäóì íóÒõÎøõåóÇ: íõÌóÇãöÚõåóÇ. æóÇáúÝóÎøóÉõ: Ãóäú íóäóÇãó ÝóíóäúÝõÎó Ýöí äóæúãöåö. æóíõÄóíøöÏõ æóåúãó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉõ ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÕóÇÆöÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáÏøõÎóÇäõ. Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóØöÚú.
Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÑó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõÎøó ÈöÇáÏøóÇáö åõæó ÇáúÌöãóÇÚõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÇáÒøóÇÁö ÝóÞóØú. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö æóÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝóäøö ÕóÏóÑó ãöäúåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ýöí ãóÚúäóì åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙö¡(4/35)
ÝóßóíúÝó ãöãøóäú ÏõæäóåõãóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¿ ! .
æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÅöáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí (åóÑóÏó) : ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: (Èóíúäó ãóåúÑõæÏóÊóíúäö) íõÑúæóì ÈöÇáÏøóÇáö æóÇáÐøóÇáö ; Ãóíú: Èóíúäó ãõãóÕøóÑóÊóíúäö¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóãú äóÓúãóÚúåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöíåö. æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÔúíóÇÁõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ áóãú ÊõÓúãóÚú ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóäóÞóáó ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö ãöäúåóÇ ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ãóäö ÇØøóáóÚó Ýöí ÕöíÑö ÈóÇÈò ÝóÝóÞóíúÊó Úóíúäóåõ Ýóåöíó åóÏóÑñ» ) ¡ æóÍóÏöíËó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó: (Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑøó ÈöÑóÌõáò æóãóÚóåõ ÕöíÑñ ÝóÐóÇÞó ãöäúåõ) . ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáÔøóÞøõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáÕøóÍúäóÇÉõ. æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÓóÃóáó ÇáúãóÝúÞõæÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóåúæóÊúåõ ÇáúÌöäøõ: ãóÇ ÔóÑóÇÈõåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÌóÏóÝõ. íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáúÌöíãö æóÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóßóÊóíúäö ÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ ÝóÇÁñ¡ æóåõæó äóÈóÇÊñ ÈöÇáúíóãóäö áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Âßöáõåõ ÔõÑúÈó ãóÇÁò. æóÞöíáó: ãóÇ áóãú íõÐúßóÑö ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö.
æóäóÇÒóÚó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÇáäøóåúÑóæóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÌóÚúáöåö ÇáÕøöíÑó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãóÔúåõæÑñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö. æóßóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóáóÇ íõÊóÎóÑøóÌó Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ãõÍúÊóãöáóíúåö ; áöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ Úóäú ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö íõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊõåõ áóåóÇ.
æóæóÑóÇÁó ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáõ ÈöÝöÞúåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÊøóäúÞöíÈö ÚóãøóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäúÈóØóÉö ãöäúåõ. æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó ÇáúÈóÏúÑõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò Ýöí ãõÎúÊóÕóÑöåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÝöÞúåöåö æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóãú íõØöáú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ãõÊóÚóíøöäñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó(4/36)
ÔõÑõæØóåõ áöãóäú ÈóáóÛó ÃóåúáöíøóÊóåõ Ðóáößó. æóåóÐöåö ÕöÝóÉõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ; ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇáúÍóãøóÇÏóíúäö æóÇáÓøõÝúíóÇäóíúäö æóÇÈúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö¡ æóÎóáúÞò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó. æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊóÕóÇäöíÝõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ; (ßóÇáÊøóãúåöíÏö) æó (ÇáöÇÓúÊöÐúßóÇÑö) ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö. æó (ãóÚóÇáöãö ÇáÓøõäóäö) æó (ÅöÚúáóÇãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ áöáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö. æó (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö) áöáúÈóÛóæöíøö ãõÝöíÏò Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö. æó (ÇáúãõÍóáøóì) áöÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò¡ ßöÊóÇÈò Ìóáöíáò¡ áóæúáóÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáØøóÚúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö ÈöÙóæóÇåöÑó ÎóÇáóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÌóãóÇåöíÑó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. æó (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÅöáúãóÇãö) æó (ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉö) ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÝöíåöãóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ãóÇ æóåóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó. æóäöÚúãó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ (ÔóÑúÍõ ãõÓúáöãò) áöÃóÈöí ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Çáäøóæóæöíøö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÕúáõåõ áöáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖò¡ æó (ÔóÑúÍõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö) áöÔóíúÎöäóÇ¡ æó (ÇáúÃóÍúæóÐöíøõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö) áöáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö¡ æóÇáúÞöØúÚóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áöÇÈúäö ÓóíøöÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáÐøóíúáõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöáúãõÕóäøöÝö¡ æóÇäúÊóåóì Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáäøöÕúÝö¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóÑóÚúÊõ Ýöí ÅößúãóÇáöåö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóØõæáõ ÅöíÑóÇÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæÍö ÇáøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ æóßõáøõåóÇ ãóÔúÑõæÍóÉñ.
æóãöäú ÛóÑöíÈöåóÇ (ÔóÑúÍõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö) áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÛúãóÉö¡ ÓóãøóÇåõ (ÇáúÅöãúÚóÇäó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÕóäøóÝö ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö) . æóãöäú ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöåóÇ ÔóÑúÍõ ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú áöáÏøóãöíÑöíøö. æóáöÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÞöØúÚóÉñ ÍóÇÝöáóÉñ¡ Èóáú æóÔóÑóÍóåõ ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ÇáÔøöåóÇÈõ ÇÈúäõ ÑóÓúáóÇäó. æóßóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú áöãõÛóáúØóÇíú ÞöØúÚóÉñ. æóÚóáóì (ÇáúãõæóØøóÃö) æó (ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö) æó (ÇáúãóÕóÇÈöíÍö) æó (ÇáúãóÔóÇÑöÞö) æó (ÇáúãöÔúßóÇÉö) æó (ÇáÔøöåóÇÈö) æó (ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáäøóæóæöíøóÉö) æó (ÊóÞúÑöíÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö) áöÎóáúÞò¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÍóÕöÑõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÃúÑöíÎöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÊóÝóßøóÑúÊõ áóíúáóÉð Ýöí ÑöÌóÇáò¡ ÝóÃõÑöíÊõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ ßóÃóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõäóÇÏöí íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÒõÑúÚóÉó: Ýóåúãõ ãóÊúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝóßøõÑö Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÊóì.(4/37)
ÊóÊöãøóÉñ: ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊøóÖöÍõ Èöåö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÓóÈóÈöåö ; æóáöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóäóì ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúÚõßúÈóÑöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì Èúäö ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ¡ ÚõÑöÝó ÈößõæÊóÇåú¡ ÈöÅöÝúÑóÇÏöåö ÈöÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö Ýöí ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÓóäñ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ áóãú íõÓúÈóÞú Åöáóíúåö. æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúÚõßúÈóÑöíøõ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ Úóáóíúåö. æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö ãöäú ßóáóÇãöåö Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö» ) ãöäú (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÚõãúÏóÉö) : ÔóÑóÍó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáäøõÒõæáö¡ ÝóæóÞóÝúÊõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãõÔúÚöÑò ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ ÈöäóæúÚò ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÔóíúÎöåö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøö¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ãóÍóÇÓöäöåö ãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö ÇáúßóËöíÑõ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ: ( «ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌõ ÈöÇáÖøóãóÇäö» ) . ÝóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ñóæóæúåõ ßóÐóáößó ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö ÓóÈóÈõåõ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÇÈúÊóÇÚó ÚóÈúÏðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãó¡ Ëõãøó æóÌóÏó Èöåö ÚóíúÈðÇ¡ ÝóÎóÇÕóãóåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÑóÏøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÛóáøó ÛõáóÇãöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌõ ÈöÇáÖøóãóÇäö» ) . æóÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ. æóÇáÊøóÞóíøõÏõ ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈö åõäóÇ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÎóÐó ÈöÚõãõæãöåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúãóÏóäöíøöíäó æóÇáúßõæÝöíøöíäó.
[ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáõ]
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ßóÃóæøóáöíøóÉò æóÈóÚúÖñ æóÕóáóåú
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ æóÃóãúËöáóÊöåö] (ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáõ) æóåõæó áõÛóÉð: ÇÊøöÕóÇáõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÈóÚúÖöåö ÈöÈóÚúÖò¡ æóãöäúåõ ÓöáúÓöáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö. æó (ãõÓóáúÓóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ (ãóÇ ÊóæóÇÑóÏóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ) áóåõ ßõáøõåõãú (æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóæóÇÍöÏóÇ ÍóÇáðÇ) ; Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÍóÇáò (áóåõãú) ¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóæúáöíøðÇ áóåõãú ; ßóÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áöãõÚóÇÐò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ( «Åöäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõßó¡ ÝóÞõáú Ýöí ÏõÈõÑö ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò: Çááøóåõãøó ÃóÚöäøöí Úóáóì ÐößúÑößó æóÔõßúÑößó» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÓóáúÓóáó áóäóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ßõáøò ãöäú ÑõæóÇÊöåö: (ÃóäóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõßó ÝóÞõáú) . æóäóÍúæõåõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáõ ÈöÞóæúáö: (ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó áóæú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÒóãóÇäóäóÇ¿ !) . æóÈöÞóæúáö: (Þõãú ÝóÕõÈøó Úóáóíøó ÍóÊøóì ÃõÑöíóßó æõÖõæÁó ÝõáóÇäò) .
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÝöÚúáöíøðÇ ; ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: «ÔóÈøóßó ÈöíóÏöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÇáó: (ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó» . ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÓóáúÓóáó áóäóÇ ÈöÊóÔúÈöíßö ßõáøò ãöäú ÑõæóÇÊöåö ÈöíóÏö ãóäú ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáõ ÈöæóÖúÚö ÇáúíóÏö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÃúÓö¡ æóÈöÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöíóÏö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ æóÈöÇáúÚóÏøö Ýöí íóÏöåö áöáúÎóãúÓóÉö ; ÇáøóÊöí ãöäúåóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÇáÊøóÑóÍøõãõ¡ æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ¡ æóÈöÇáúãõÕóÇÝóÍóÉö¡ æóÈöÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÈöÇáöÇÊøößóÇÁö æóÈöÇáúÅöØúÚóÇãö æóÇáÓøóÞúíö æóÈöÇáÖøöíóÇÝóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÓúæóÏóíúäö ; ÇáÊøóãúÑö æóÇáúãóÇÁö. æóÞóÏú íóÌöíÆóÇäö ãóÚðÇ¡ ÃóÚúäöí ÇáúÞóæúáöíøó æóÇáúÝöÚúáöíøó¡ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò ; ßóÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ:(4/39)
( «áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÍóÊøóì íõÄúãöäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÎóíúÑöåö æóÔóÑøöåö Íõáúæöåö æóãõÑøöåö» ) . ÞóÇáó: «æóÞóÈóÖó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì áöÍúíóÊöåö æóÞóÇáó: (ÂãóäúÊõ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö) » . ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÓóáúÓóáó áóäóÇ ÈöÞóÈúÖö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÑõæóÇÊöåö Úóáóì áöÍúíóÊöåö ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö: ÂãóäúÊõ. . . . . Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö.
(Ãóæú æóÕúÝðÇ) ; Ãóíú: Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÑõÏõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Úóáóì æóÕúÝò áóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝöÚúáöíøñ ; ßóÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÇáúÞõÑøóÇÁö æóÈöÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö æóÈöÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÈöÇáäøõÍóÇÉö æóÈöÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö æóÈöÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøöíäó æóÈöÇáúãöÕúÑöíøöíäó æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ; ßóÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÇáúãõÍóãøóÏöíäó¡ Ãóæú Èöãóäú Ãóæøóáõ ÇÓúãöåö Úóíúäñ¡ Ãóæú Èöãóäú Ýöí ÇÓúãöåö Ãóæö ÇÓúãö ÃóÈöíåö Ãóæú äóÓóÈöåö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóíúåö äõæäñ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúãõÚóãøóÑöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÈöÚóÏóÏò ãóÎúÕõæÕò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íóÑúæöí ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ÈóÚúÖò¡ Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ßóÐóáößó. æóÞóæúáöíøñ ; ßóÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÝøö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÕúÝöíøö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ãõÞóÇÑöÈñ¡ Èóáú ãõãóÇËöáñ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáöíøö.
(Çæú æóÕúÝó ÓóäóÏú) ; Ãóíú: Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÑõÏõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Úóáóì æóÕúÝö ÓóäóÏò ÈöãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö ; æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÕöíóÛö ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö¡ (ßóÞóæúáö ßõáøöåöãú) ; Ãóíú: ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ (ÓóãöÚúÊõ) ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ËóäóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóäóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÔóåöÏúÊõ Úóáóì ÝõáóÇäò. (ÝóÇÊøóÍóÏú) ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäúåóÇ áöÌóãöíÚö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ÈöÐóáößó ãõÓóáúÓóáðÇ. Èóáú ÌóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáúÃóÏóÇÁö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÏóÇáøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÓóãöÚúÊõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÃóäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ËóäóÇ. æóáóßöäö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÑõÏö Ýöí ÕöíÛóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò. æóäóÍúæõåõ ÇáúÍóáöÝõ ; ßóÞóæúáöåö: (ÃóäóÇ æóÇááøóåö ÝõáóÇäñ) ¡ ßóãóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóáúÊóÍöÞõ Èöåö ; ßóÞóæúáöåö: (ÕõãøóÊú ÃõÐõäóÇíó Åöäú áóãú Ãóßõäú ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò) .
æóÅöãøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÒóãóäö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ãóæú ÈöãóßóÇäöåö Ãóæú ÈöÊóÇÑöíÎöåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ßóÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÞóÕøö ÇáúÃóÙúÝóÇÑö Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÎóãöíÓö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÅöÌóÇÈóÉö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúãõáúÊóÒóãö. æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ßóßóæúäö(4/40)
ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÂÎöÑó ãóäú íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚò áöáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö ßóËöíÑóÉò áóÇ ÊóäúÍóÕöÑõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö.
[ÊóÞúÓöíãõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ]
[ÊóÞúÓöíãõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ] (æóÞóÓúãõåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÊóÞúÓöíãõåõ¡ (Åöáóì ËóãóÇäò) ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó (ãõËõáõ) áóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÑöÏö ÇáúÍóÕúÑõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóÇ Ýóåöãóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóÚóÞøóÈóåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÍóÕúÑöåö ÝöíåóÇ ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÍóÕúÑó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÍõ ; áöÞóæúáö ÇáúÍóÇßöãö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÛö ãöäúåóÇ: ÝóåóÐöåö ÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÔõæÈõåóÇ ÊóÏúáöíÓñ¡ æóÂËóÇÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÝöíåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóåóÐóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÊóÑóì - ãõÄúÐöäñ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚöåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóÞúÕöÏö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö ; ÅöÐú ÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ ÇáúÈõÚúÏõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö æóÇáöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö. æóÎóíúÑõåóÇ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóãöäú ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝöÚúáðÇ æóäóÍúæóåõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÇÔúÊöãóÇáõåõ - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö - Úóáóì ãóÒöíÏö ÇáÖøóÈúØö ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö. (æó) áóßöäú ÞóÏö ÇäúÚóßóÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÝóÜ (ÞóáøóãóÇ íóÓúáóãõ) ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ (ÖóÚúÝðÇ) ; Ãóíú: ãöäú ÖóÚúÝò¡ (íóÍúÕõáõ) Ýöí æóÕúÝö ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúãóÊúäö ; ßóãõÓóáúÓóáö ÇáúãõÔóÇÈóßóÉö¡ ÝóãóÊúäõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÞóÇáñ¡ æóÃóÕóÍøõåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáõ ÈöÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÝøö¡ Ëõãøó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáöíøóÉö.
[ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö]
[ßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö] æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö. æóæóÞóÚó áöí ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÌõãúáóÉñ ; ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÔóÇÐóÇäó¡ æóáöÃóÈöí(4/41)
ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãöíøö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÏøöíÈóÇÌöíøö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏò ÇáÓøóãøóÇäö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÕúÑõæäò¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö¡ æóáöáúÛóÑøóÇÝöíøö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÇáúãóßóÇÑöãö ÇÈúäö ãõÓúÏöí¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøö¡ æóáöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó áóåõ. æóÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ÌõãúáóÉñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ßóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇááøóÈøóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö.
æóÇÚúÊóäóì ßõáøñ ãöäú ÍóÇÝöÙö ÏöãóÔúÞó ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÇÈúäö äóÇÕöÑö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÍóÇÝöÙö ãóßøóÉó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÈöÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó áóåõ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌò. æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÏúÊõ ãöÇÆóÉð ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÕúäöíÝö ãõÈóíøöäðÇ ÔóÃúäóåóÇ¡ æóÑóæóíúÊõ Ðóáößó ÅöãúáóÇÁð æóÊóÍúÏöíËðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÇåöÑóÉö æóãóßøóÉó.
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉó]
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉó] Ëõãøó ÊóÇÑóÉð íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ. (
æóãöäúåõ Ðõæ äóÞúÕò ÈöÞóØúÚö ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóåú
) ; ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö Ãóæú æóÓóØöåö Ãóæú ÂÎöÑöåö. æóáóåõ(4/42)
ÃóãúËöáóÉñ (ßóÜ) ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö: ( «ÇáÑøóÇÍöãõæäó íóÑúÍóãõåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ» ) ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö ÈöÜ (ÃóæøóáöíøóÉò) æóÞóÚóÊú áöÌõáøö ÑõæóÇÊöåö ; ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ÍóÏöíËò ÓóãöÚóåõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ãöäú ÔóíúÎöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÇäúÞóØóÚó Ýöíãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö.
(æóÈóÚúÖñ) ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÞóÏú (æóÕóáóåú) Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÛóáóØðÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ; ÍóíúËõ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖò ÊóÎóÇÑöíÌöåö ãõÊøóÕöáó ÇáÓøöáúÓöáóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚóÞöÈóåõ: Åöäøóåõ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÝöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó: Åöäøóåõ ãõäúßóÑñ. æóÃóÈõæ ØóÇåöÑò¡ íóÚúäöí: ÇÈúäõ ãóÍúãöÔò¡ ÑóÇæöíåö Ýóãóäú ÝóæúÞóåõ áóÇ ãóØúÚóäó Ýöíåöãú¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóæú ÃóÈõÊøõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Óóåúæñ Ãóæú ÎóØóÃñ ÕóÏóÑó ãöäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóäú ÞöáøóÉö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉò ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó íóÕöÍøõ ÊóÓóáúÓõáõåõ ÈößóãóÇáöåö ãöäú æóÌúåò ãóÇ. æóÅöãøóÇ ßóÐöÈðÇ ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøö ; ÍóíúËõ æóÕóáóåõ¡ æóÊóæóÇÞóÍó ÝóÃóÑøóÎó ÓóãóÇÚó ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó áóåõ ãöäú ÚóãúÑòæ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò. æóÇÝúÊóÖóÍó ; ÝóÅöäøó ÚóãúÑðÇ ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÃóÑøóÎó ÓóãóÇÚó ÚóãúÑòæ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóåõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÞóÇÈõæÓó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóáóãú íõÊóÇÈóÚú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöåóÇ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÌóÒóãó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÈöÇÊøöåóÇãöåö Èöåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú(4/43)
ÔóíúÎöåö Ýöíåö ÈöÏõæäö ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÞóÏú ÓóáúÓóáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ÝóÞóØú. æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ æóÞóÚó ÚóãúÏðÇ ãöäú ÑóÇæöíåö Ãóæú ÓóåúæðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäúÊõåõ æóÇÖöÍðÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÆöäóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÝúÑóÏúÊõåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöí.
æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó ØõÑõÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò ÓóãöÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÓóãøóÇåõ (ÇáúÚóÐúÈó ÇáÓøóáúÓóáó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö) ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞöíøõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ¡ æóãöäú ÞóÈúáöåöãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäúÕõæÑõ Èúäõ Óõáóíúãò æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÓøóãóÑúÞóäúÏöíøõ ÝóÂÎóÑõæäó.
æóãöäó ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉö ãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ Ýöí äóÓóÞò ÇÓúãõåõãú ÒóíúÏñ¡ Ãóæú ÓóÈúÚóÉñ Ãóæú ÓöÊøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÓöÊøõ ÝóæóÇØöãó¡ Ãóæú ÎóãúÓóÉñ ßõäúíóÊõåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ Ãóæú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãõåõãú ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóæú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ãóæú ÎóáóÝñ¡ Ãóæú ÕóÍóÇÈóÉñ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ÇÓúãõåõãú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ãóæú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Ãóæú Úóáöíøñ Ãóæú ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ¡ Ãóæú ÕóÍóÇÈöíøóÇÊñ¡ Ãóæú ÅöÎúæóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÍóäóÝöíøõæäó¡ Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãóÊúÈõæÚöíäó¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãõåõãú ÃóÈóÇäñ Ãóæú ÃõÓóÇãóÉõ Ãóæú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Ãóæú ÎóÇáöÏñ Ãóæú ÚöãúÑóÇäõ Ãóæú ÎóæúáóÇäõ¡ Ãóæö ÇËúäóÇäö ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãõåõ äóÕúÑõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò Ãóæú ÚóËøóÇãõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ Ýöí ÃóÔúÈóÇåò áöÐóáößó¡ ßóÃóäú íóÊóæóÇáóì Ýöí ÑõæóÇÊöåö ÈóÕúÑöíøõæäó Ãóæú ãóÏóäöíøõæäó Ãóæú ãóÛúÑöÈöíøõæäó Ãóæú ãóÇáößöíøõæäó Ãóæú ÍóäúÈóáöíøõæäó Ãóæú ÙóÇåöÑöíøõæäó Ãóæú ÚöÏøóÉõ äöÓúæóÉò ; ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóäú ÛóíúØóÉó ÇÈúäóÉö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãõãøö ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáúãóÌóÇÔöíøóÉö¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÊöåóÇ Ãõãøö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøóÊöåóÇ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Ãóäøó åöäúÏó ÇÈúäóÉó ÚõÊúÈóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: ( «íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö¡ ÈóÇíöÚúäöí» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
Ãóæö ÇáúãóÒúßõæãõ¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøóãöäö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãóÝúáõæÌö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóËúÑóãö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÈö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕóãøö¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡(4/44)
Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúæóÑö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóì ; ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö ÇÈúäõ äóÇÕöÑö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúßóÊøóÇäöíøõ. æóÝöí äõÒúåóÉö ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö áöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ãöãøóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö æóÃóÔúÈóÇåöåö ÇáúßóËöíÑõ¡ æóáóßöäøó Ìõáøó ÇáúÛóÑóÖö åõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÓóáúÓóáó ãöäó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöåö Åöáóì ÇäúÊöåóÇÆöåö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóäóì ÇáÊøóÇÌõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö áóåõ ÈöÅöíÑóÇÏö ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÞóÚõ áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊóÑúÌöãöíäó ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ íóÊóæóÇáóì ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÚöÏøóÉõ ÝõÞóåóÇÁó. æóßóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍõ ÇáúÃóÞúÝóåúÓöíøõ Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÊóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãõÄúÐöäñ ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇØøöáóÇÚöåö æóÓóÚóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó ÊóåúÐöíÈöåö æóÊóÈúíöíÖöåö. Èóáú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáóÇÊö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáö ÓóäóÏöåö Ýöí ÝöÞúåò Ãóæú ÈóáóÏò Ãóæú ÅöÞúáöíãò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÈöäóæúÚò Óöæóì ãóÇ íõÔúÈöåõåõ ãöäú ÊóæóÇáöí ÚöÏøóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãöãøóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöäóæúÚóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÃóÐúßõÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞúÑóÇäö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóßóÃóäøó ãöäú ÝóÇÆöÏóÊöåö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ãõÎúÑóÌö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÊóÚúíöíäó ãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÞóÚõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ãõåúãóáðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåöãö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ áóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ ãóäú áóíúÓó ÓóäóÏõåõ ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöÐóáößó. æóÔóíúÎõäóÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÊóæóÇáóì Ýöíåö ÑóÇæöíóÇäö ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ¡ ÇÔúÊóÑóßõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö¡ æóãóËøóáó áóåõ ÈöÚöãúÑóÇäó ËóáóÇËóÉð: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáúÞóÕöíÑõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóÈõæ ÑóÌóÇÁò ÇáúÚõØóÇÑöÏöíøõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇÈúäõ ÍõÕóíúäò ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ. æóÈöÓõáóíúãóÇäó ËóáóÇËóÉð ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇÈúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇÈúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ ÈöÇÈúäö ÈöäúÊö ÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó.
æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ: ÏóÝúÚõ Êóæóåøõãö ÇáúÛóáóØö ÍóíúËõ æóÞóÚó ÅöåúãóÇáõåõãú Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú. æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Èóíúäó ãõÊøóÝöÞóíö ÇáöÇÓúãö æóÇÓöØóÉñ ; ßóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÚóÈúÏò¡ Ñóæóì ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÚóäú ßõáøò(4/45)
ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ ÝóÔóíúÎõåõãóÇ ãõÓúáöãõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÝóÑóÇåöíÏöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãõÓúáöãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÇáúÞõÔóíúÑöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö) . æóíóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò Ñóæóì Úóäú åöÔóÇãò¡ æóÚóäúåõ åöÔóÇãñ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇÈúäõ ÚõÑúæóÉó æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÞúÑóÇäöåö¡ æóÇáÊøöáúãöíÐõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÏøóÓúÊóæóÇÆöíøõ. æóÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò Úóäú åöÔóÇãò¡ æóÚóäúåõ åöÔóÇãñ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÇÈúäõ ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ æóÇáúÃóÏúäóì ÇÈúäõ íõæÓõÝó ÇáÕøóäúÚóÇäöíøõ. æóÇáúÍóßóãõ Èúäõ ÚõÊóíúÈóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ æóÚóäúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÏúäóì ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí ÃóãúËöáóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò. æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇááøóÈúÓö Úóãøóäú íõÙóäøõ Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÊóßúÑóÇÑðÇ Ãóæö ÇäúÞöáóÇÈðÇ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ Èóáú ÃóÝúÑóÏó ãóäö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇÓúãõåõ æóÇÓúãõ ÃóÈöíåö æóÌóÏøöåö ; ßóÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúãõÓóáúÓóáö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íóÊøóÝöÞõ ÇáöÇÓúãõ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÃóÈö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÓúãö æóÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóÈö ; ßóÃóÈöí Çáúíõãúäö ÇáúßöäúÏöíøö¡ åõæó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö. ÞóÇáó: æóíóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÝöíÏö æóÇáúÌóÏøö áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉñ ; ßóäóÕúÑö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö äóÕúÑö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÕóåúÈóÇäó ÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøö ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ ÝóÌóÏøõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌó áóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áöáúÍóÝöíÏö: ÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøõ ÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ¡ æóáóåõ åõæó: ÇáúÌóåúÖóãöíøõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ. æóãöäúåõ ÚóËøóÇãõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóËøóÇãö Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÄúÊóáöÝö.
ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ - Ãóíú: ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ - Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÔóíúÎöåö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö Ãóæö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóÈö¡ íóÚúäöí æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóÏøõ æóÌóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÈö ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÇáúåóãóÐóÇäöíøö ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑö¡ ãóÔúåõæÑò ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö¡ æóßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßõäúíóÉö æóÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóáóÏö æóÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö. ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏúÊõåõ ÚöÏøóÉõ ÃóäúæóÇÚò áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö.(4/46)
[ÇáäøóÇÓöÎõ æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎõ]
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768 - æóÇáäøóÓúÎõ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó ãöäú ... ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö ÈöáóÇÍöÞò æóåúæó Þóãöäú
769 - Ãóäú íõÚúÊóäóì Èöåö æóßóÇäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ... ÐóÇ Úöáúãöåö Ëõãøó ÈöäóÕøö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö
770 - Ãóæú ÕóÇÍöÈò Ãóæú ÚõÑöÝó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ Ãóæú ... ÃõÌúãöÚó ÊóÑúßðÇ ÈóÇäó äóÓúÎõ æóÑóÃóæúÇ
771 - ÏöáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ ÇáäøóÓúÎó Èöåö ... ßóÇáúÞóÊúáö Ýöí ÑóÇÈöÚóÉò ÈöÔõÑúÈöåö
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáäøóÓúÎö áõÛóÉð] (ÇáäøóÇÓöÎõ æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎõ) ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. (æóÇáäøóÓúÎõ) áõÛóÉð: íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÒóÇáóÉö¡ íõÞóÇáõ: äóÓóÎóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇáÙøöáøó ; ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÒóÇáóÊúåõ æóÎóáøóÝóÊúåõ. æóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáÊøóÍúæöíáö¡ íõÞóÇáõ: äóÓóÎúÊõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóáöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÓóáö æóÇáäøóÍúáö Åöáóì ÃõÎúÑóì. æóãöäúåõ äóÓúÎõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúãõäóÇÓóÎóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÑöíËö¡ æóåõæó ÇäúÊöÞóÇáõ ÇáúãóÇáö ãöäú æóÇÑöËò Åöáóì ÂÎóÑó. æóáóÇ íóÊóÍóÊøóãõ Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÍúæõ æóÇáöÇäúÚöÏóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó äóÓúÎõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÚúÏóÇãðÇ áöáúãóäúÓõæÎö ãöäúåõ. æóÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÞóÓøóãóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞöíäó áöÎóãúÓóÉö ãóÚóÇäò: äóÓóÎóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇáÙøöáøó: ÃóÒóÇáóÊúåõ æóÎóáøóÝóÊúåõ¡ æóÇáÑøöíÍõ ÇáúÃóËóÑó: ÃóÐúåóÈóÊúåõ¡ æóÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉó: äóÞóáóÊú ÍõßúãóåóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóíúáõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó: Èóíøóäó ÇäúÊöåóÇÁóåõ æóÚóÞóÈóåõ¡ æóäóÓóÎúÊõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó: ÕóæøóÑúÊõ ãöËúáóåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ÃóäúÓóÈõ.
Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõÔúÊóÑößñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÒóÇáóÉö æóÇáÊøóÍúæöíáö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ãóÌóÇÒñ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí. æóÞöíáó ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ ÔóÇÑöÍõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕóÑö: æóÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÇäö ÇáúÃóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÖõÏó ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ÛóÑóÖñ Úöáúãöíøñ.
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáäøóÓúÎö ÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ æóãõÍúÊóÑóÒóÇÊöåö] æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ: åõæó (ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáúÍõßúãó(4/47)
(ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö ÈöÜ) Íõßúãò ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö (áóÇÍöÞò) . åóßóÐóÇ ÚóÑøóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÏøñ æóÞóÚó áóäóÇ ÓóÇáöãñ ãöäó ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖóÇÊò æóÑóÏóÊú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÞóØúÚõ ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö ÈöÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÞóÏöíãñ áóÇ íóÑúÊóÝöÚõ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÌúãöÚðÇ áöãóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÊóÚóáøóÞó Èöåö ÇáúÍõßúãõ. æóÅöÐóÇ Ìõäøó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ; Ãóíú: ÊóÚóáøóÞóåõ. æóáöÐóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÑóÝúÚõ ÊóÚóáøõÞö Íõßúãò ÔóÑúÚöíøò ÈöÏóáöíáò ÔóÑúÚöíøò ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑò Úóäúåõ. Ëõãøó áößóæúäö ÇáÑøóÝúÚö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáËøõÈõæÊö¡ ÎóÑóÌó ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúãõÌúãóáö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö æóÇáÔøóÑúØö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãõÊøóÕöáñ ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ãõÈóíøöäñ áöÛóÇíóÊöåö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ÈöÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö. æóÇÍúÊóÑóÒó ÈöÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Úóäú Þóæúáö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÎóÈóÑõ ßóÐóÇ äóÇÓöÎñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ äóÓúÎðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÈöÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö áöãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÈóáóÛóåõ ÞóÈúáõ. æóÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö Úóäú ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì äóÓúÎðÇ. æóáöáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö Úóäú Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóíøóÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãõ ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåóÇ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉõ áóãú ÊõäúÓóÎú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ(4/48)
ÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö. æóáóßöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóíúÏó ãõÓúÊóÛúäò Úóäúåõ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇåõ. æóÈöÍõßúãò ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÝúÚö ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæúãö æóÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö æóÇáúÌõäõæäö¡ æóÅöäú äóÇÒóÚó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÆöãó æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÑõÝöÚó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÍõßúãò ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «ÑõÝöÚó ÇáúÞóáóãõ» ) ; ÝóÞóÏú ÃõÌöíÈó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãóíøöÊö Ýöí ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóäúåõãú ; áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÇáÊøóÚóÞøõáõ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÑóßõæÇ Ýöí ÚóÏóãöåö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚó åõæó Çáäøóæúãõ æóãóÇ ãóÚóåõ¡ áóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö. æóÈöáóÇÍöÞò Úóäö ÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ; ßóÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «Åöäøóßõãú áóÇÞõæ ÇáúÚóÏõæøö ÛóÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÝöØúÑõ ÃóÞúæóì áóßõãú ÝóÃóÝúØöÑõæÇ» ) . ÝóÇáÕøóæúãõ ãóËóáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãö áóíúÓó ÈöäóÓúÎò ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ Èöåö ãõÄóÞøóÊñ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÞóÖóì æóÞúÊõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÖöíøö Çáúíóæúãö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö ÈöÅöÝúØóÇÑöåö. æóæóÑóÇÁó åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøó ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö ßóæúäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÑõÝöÚó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö ; áöíõÎúÑöÌó Èöåö ÊóÎúÝöíÝõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ãöäú ÎóãúÓöíäó Åöáóì ÎóãúÓò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì äóÓúÎðÇ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö ÈöÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ Ãóíú: ÊóÚóáøõÞðÇ ÊóäúÌöíÒöíøðÇ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÅöÈúáóÇÛöåö áóåõãú. ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóãõÍúÊóãóáñ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõáúãóÍó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö¡ æóåöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáäøóÓúÎö ÞóÈúáó æóÞúÊö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ; áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö.
æóáóßöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóíúÏó ÞóÈúáó ãóÇ ÍóãóáúÊóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãõÓúÊóÛúäò Úóäúåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÇáúÍõßúãõ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÊóÚóáøõÞðÇ ãóÚúäóæöíøðÇ ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏöåö ÊóäúÌöíÒöíøðÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÃõÎöÐó Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúÍõßúãö ; ÍóíúËõ Þöíáó Ýöíåö: ÎöØóÇÈõ Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóäúÌöíÒö. ÝóÍöíäóÆöÐò áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍõßúãö íõÛúäöí Úóäúåõ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ. æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÊøóÇÌõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö(4/49)
Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÈöÎöØóÇÈò¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ýóßóæúäõåõ ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÈóíóÇäñ áöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÃóãóÏö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓöÎõ ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÝúÚö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ ãóÌóÇÒñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö åõæó Çááøóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÈöÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÃóÔúÈóåõ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö: ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö æóÇáúÂÍóÇÏö æóÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóáøóÞóÊú ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËó áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ãöäú æóÙöíÝóÉö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóäúÈöØõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÝóíóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ ÝóæóÙöíÝóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóäúÞõáó æóíóÑúæöíó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÕóÏøóì áöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÝóÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ æóßóãóÇáñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
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[íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÚóÇáóãö Ãóäú íóÚúÊóäöíó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö] (æóåúæó) ; Ãóíú: åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò¡ (Þóãöäú) ÈößóÓúÑö Çáúãöíãö Úóáóì ÅöÍúÏóì ÇááøõÛóÊóíúäö ; Ãóíú: ÍóÞöíÞñ¡ (Ãóäú íõÚúÊóäóì Èöåö) ; áöÃóäøóåõ Úöáúãñ Ìóáöíáñ Ðõæ ÛóæúÑò æóÛõãõæÖò¡ ÏóÇÑóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõÁõæÓõ¡ æóÊóÇåóÊú Ýöí ÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ãóßúãõæäöåö ÇáäøõÝõæÓõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÓúÊóÚúÙöãõåõ ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ ÃóÍóÏõ ãóäö ÇäúÊóåóì Åöáóíúåö Úöáúãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóãóäú ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ãóÏóÇÑõ ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÚóæøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÚúíóÇ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁó æóÃóÚúÌóÒóåõãú Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ äóÇÓöÎó ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ãóäúÓõæÎöåö. (æóßóÇäó) ÅöãóÇãõäóÇ (ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ) - ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ - (ÐóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÕóÇÍöÈó¡ (Úöáúãöåö) ¡ áóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáúíóÏõ ÇáØøõæáóì æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÎóÇÖó ÊóíøóÇÑóåõ æóßóÔóÝó ÃóÓúÑóÇÑóåõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóäúÈóØó ãóÚöíäóåõ æóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó ÏóÝöíäóåõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÝúÊóÍó(4/50)
ÈóÇÈóåõ æóÑóÊøóÈó ÃóÈúæóÇÈóåõ ; æóáöÐóÇ äóÓóÈó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇÈúäó æóÇÑóÉó ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÏöãó ãöÕúÑó æóáóãú íóßúÊõÈú ßõÊõÈóåõ¡ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇ ÇáúãõÌúãóáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøóÑö¡ æóáóÇ äóÇÓöÎó ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú ãóäúÓõæÎöåö ; ÍóÊøóì ÌóÇáóÓúäóÇåõ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýóáóãú äóÑó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÊóÕúäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ýöí ÛõÖõæäö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö ãöäú ßõÊõÈöåö ãõÝóÑøóÞðÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö áóåõ ãöäúåõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ¡ æóÊóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ëõãøó ßóÇäó ãõÊóÏóÇæóáðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞðÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÔõÑõæÍö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÌóÑøóÏó áóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊò ; ßóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó (ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáÓøõäóäö) ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÔóÇåöíäó¡ æóßóÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝóíúäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÏóÚúæóì ÇáäøóÓúÎö Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö. ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ: Ýöí ÊóÌúÑöíÏö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÎúÊóÕóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóßóÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøö Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝò ÍóÇÝöáò¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõ ãóÚó ËóÇäöí ÊóÕúäöíÝóíö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÈöÚõáõæøò. æóßóÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäö ÇáúÌóÚúÈóÑöíøö.
æóåõæó ÝóÑúÖõ ßöÝóÇíóÉò ; áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóíúåö. æóÞóÏú ãóÑøó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÈöÞóÇÕøò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓöÎó ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: åóáóßúÊó æóÃóåúáóßúÊó. æóäóÍúæõåõ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: ãóäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú Ðóáößó ÎóáøóØó. æóÞóÏú Êóæóåøóãó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú áóãú íóÍúÙó ãöäú(4/51)
ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÂËóÇÑò¡ æóáóãú íõÍóÕøöáú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóØúÈó Ýöíåö Ìóáóáñ íóÓöíÑñ¡ æóÇáúãóÍúÕõæáó ãöäúåõ Þóáöíáñ ÛóíúÑõ ßóËöíÑò¡ ÝóÚóÇäóÇåõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÊóÞóÏøõãöåö Ýöí ÕöäóÇÚóÊöåö æóÖóÈúØöåö¡ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ ; áöÎóÝóÇÁö ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö æóÔóÑúØöåö.
[ÏóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáäøóÓúÎö]
[ÏóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáäøóÓúÎö] (Ëõãøó ÈöäóÕøö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÑöÖóíúäö æóÊóÕúÑöíÍöåö ÈöÐóáößó ; ßóÞóæúáöåö: åóÐóÇ äóÇÓöÎñ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ ; ßóÞóæúáöåö: ( «ßõäúÊõ äóåóíúÊõßõãú Úóäú ÒöíóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö ÝóÒõæÑõæåóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõÐóßøöÑõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó» ) . æóßóÑóÌúãö ãóÇÚöÒò Ïõæäó ÌóáúÏöåö ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúáöåö: ( «ÇáËøóíøöÈõ ÈöÇáËøóíøöÈö ÌóáúÏõ ãöÇÆóÉò æóÑóÌúãñ ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö» ) . ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ. (Ãóæú) ÈöäóÕøö (ÕóÇÍöÈò) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÕóÑöíÍðÇ ; ßóÞóæúáö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ( «ßóÇäó ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ãöãøóÇ ãóÓøóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ» ) . Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ÔõÑöÚó ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. (Ãóæú) ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÃóäú (ÚõÑöÝó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ) áöáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÐøóÑö ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÃóãúËöáóÊõåõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ. (Ãóæú ÃõÌúãöÚó ÊóÑúßðÇ) ; Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÖúãõæäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. (ÈóÇäó) ; Ãóíú: ÙóåóÑó Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó äóÕøõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóæö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ (äóÓúÎñ) áöáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÃóÕúÑóÍõåóÇ ÃóæøóáõåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ËóÇáöËõåóÇ ÝóãóÍóáøõåõ(4/52)
Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóíúäö. ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóíúäö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóÝöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ áöáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó¡ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÞóÈõæáöåö¡ æóÈöåö ÌóÒóãó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÊóÖóãøóäõ äóÓúÎó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÈöÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÞöÚò. æóÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáØøóÑóÝö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÓúÎó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ æóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÚöíäñ áöáäøóÇÓöÎö¡ áóÇ äóÇÓöÎó ; áöÃóäøóåõ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ äóÇÓöÎñ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑó ãóäúÓõæÎñ ÈöÏõæäöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ãóÍóáøõ ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõ ÇáäøóÞúáó¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈößóÐóÇ ãóäúÓõæÎñ¡ Ãóæú: åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎõ. æóßóÐóÇ Åöäú ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ äóÇÓöÎñ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ïóáöíáóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ æóÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: åóÐóÇ äóÇÓöÎñ¡ Ãóæú: åóÐóÇ äóÓúÎñ áöåóÐóÇ¡ áóãú íõÑúÌóÚú Åöáóíúåö ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ; áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò äóÔóÃó Úóäú Ùóäøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöäóÓúÎò äóÓúÎðÇ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáäøóÓúÎö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò.
æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÃóØúáóÞó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáäøóÓúÎö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ Èóáú æóÃóØúáóÞóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúãóÏúÎóáö) ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö: æóáóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ãóæú ÈöæóÞúÊò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÞóæúáö ãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó. æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÃóæúÖóÍõ æóÃóÔúåóÑõ ; ÅöÐö ÇáäøóÓúÎõ áóÇ íõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö ÚöäúÏó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÃóæúÑóÚõ ãöäú Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Úóáóì Íõßúãò ÔóÑúÚöíøò ÈöäóÓúÎò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÊóÃóÎøõÑó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö Úóäúåõ.
áóíúÓó ãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãõÚóÇÑöÖðÇ áöãõÊóÞóÏøöãò Úóäúåõ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ; áöÊóÌúæöíÒö ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ÂÎóÑó ÃóÞúÏóãó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ãóæú ãöËúáöåö ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóåõ¡ áóßöäú Åöäú æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍõ ÈöÓóãóÇÚöåö áóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóíóÊøóÌöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó äóÇÓöÎðÇ ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóãú íóÊóÍóãøóáú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö.(4/53)
æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ áöáÊøóÌúæöíÒö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóØõÑõÞõ ßóæúäö ÍóÏöíËö ÔóÏøóÇÏò ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚö: ( «ÃóÝúØóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÌöãõ æóÇáúãóÍúÌõæãõ» ) ãóäúÓõæÎðÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: (Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇÍúÊóÌóãó æóåõæó ÕóÇÆöãñ ãõÍúÑöãñ) ; áößóæúäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÅöäøóãóÇ ÕóÍöÈóåõ ãõÍúÑöãðÇ Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ÓóäóÉó ÚóÔúÑò¡ æóÔóÏøóÇÏñ ÞõíøöÏó ÍóÏöíËõåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ØõÑõÞöåö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÒóãóäö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóäóÉó ËóãóÇäò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÑóãóÖóÇäó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÃóíøðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýóåõæó ÞóÈúáó ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóæóÇÖöÍñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÍóÌøóÉõ ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö áóãú íóßõäú ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóãóÖóÇäõ.
ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøó ÞóÇáó: æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö ÌóãöíÚðÇ ãõÔúÊóÈöåñ. ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏöíËõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóãúËóáõåõãóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ.
(æó) ÃóãøóÇ ÑóÇÈöÚõåóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö äóÇÓöÎðÇ. Èóáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíöäó æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÅöäøóãóÇ (ÑóÃóæúÇ ÏöáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö) Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö äóÇÓöÎò ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÎóÈóÑò ãóÚóåõ íóÞóÚõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÓúÎõ¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íóäúÒöáõ äóÕøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõØúáöÞöíäó¡ (áóÇ) Ãóäøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúÇ (ÇáäøóÓúÎó Èöåö) ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõäúÓóÎõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáäøóÓúÎõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ íõäúÓóÎõ. æóáöÐóáößó ÃóãúËöáóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ; ßóäóÓúÎö ÑóãóÖóÇäó Õóæúãó ÚóÇÔõæÑóÇÁó¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æó (ßóÜ) ÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑò¡ æóÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÔõÑóÍúÈöíáó Èúäö ÃóæúÓò¡ æóÇáÔøóÑöíÏö Èúäö ÃóæúÓò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÛõØóíúÝò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÑøóãúÏóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö - ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú - ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÞóÊúáö) áöÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö (Ýöí) ãóÑøóÉò (ÑóÇÈöÚóÉò) ÕóÏóÑóÊú ãöäúåõ(4/54)
ÈóÚúÏó ÔõÑúÈöåö ËóáóÇËó ãöÑóÇÑò ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ãóÑøóÉò ÎóÇãöÓóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö (ÈöÜ) ÓóÈóÈö (ÔõÑúÈöåö) ; ÍóíúËõ Íóßóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÌóÇãöÚöåö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøö: ÞóÊúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÎúÏóÔõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ÇíÊõæäöí ÈöÑóÌõáò ÃõÞöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏøó¡ íóÚúäöí ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÓóßöÑó ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÃóÞúÊõáúåõ ÝóÃóäóÇ ßóÐøóÇÈñ) .
æóáóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑó æóÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÞúÊõáóåõ áóÞóÊóáúÊõåõ) . æóáóÇ ÈöÍößóÇíóÉö ÇáúÞóÊúáö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÚóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßóæúäö Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ; ãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ Èöåö ; áöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ßóãóÇ ÌóÒóãó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóáöáöíäö ÓóäóÏö ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõãóÇ ; áöÚóÏóãö ËõÈõæÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó áöãóäú ÑóÏøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÞóÊúáö ãõÊóãóÓøóßñ¡ ÍóÊøóì æóáóæú ËóÈóÊó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú áóßóÇäó ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõ ÇáäøóÓúÎõ¡ æóÚõÏøó Ðóáößó ãöäú äõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö.
æóáöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÚóæóÇãøö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÞóÊúáö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÇÓúÊóËúäóì ÔóÇÐøðÇ ãóæúÕõæÝðÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ¡ Èóáú æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÞóÏöíãðÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåöíó ØóÑöíÞóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ. æóíõÄóíøöÏõåõ Þóæúáõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ Ýöí (ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí) ÚóÞöÈó ÍößóÇíóÉö Þóæúáö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö: æóåõæó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì(4/55)
ãóäú ÈóÚúÏõ ; áöäóÞúáö ÛóíúÑöåö ÇáúÞóæúáó Èöåö¡ æóÃóÔóÇÑó áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóãöãøóäú Íóßóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÃóíúÖðÇ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö Þóæúáñ ÈóÇØöáñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúæóÇÑöÏõ Ýöíåö ãóäúÓõæÎñ ; ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËö: ( «áóÇ íóÍöáøõ Ïóãõ ÇãúÑöÆò ãõÓúáöãò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÅöÍúÏóì ËóáóÇËò» ) . æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ïóáøó Úóáóì äóÓúÎöåö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚó æõÑõæÏö äóÇÓöÎò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËóíú ÌóÇÈöÑò æóÞóÈöíÕóÉó Èúäö ÐõÄóíúÈò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Úóãöáó ÈöãóÖúãõæäöåö ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóÍóáøó ÇáúÅöØóÇáóÉö ÈöåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: æóãöäú ãöËúáö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáäøóÓúÎö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Ýöí Óõäóäöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áöæóåúÈö Èúäö ÒóãúÚóÉó æóÑóÌõáò ÂÎóÑó: ( «Åöäøó åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ ÑõÎøöÕó áóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÑóãóíúÊõãõ ÇáúÌóãúÑóÉó Ãóäú ÊóÍöáøõæÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÇ ÍõÑöãúÊõãú ãöäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóãúÓóíúÊõãú ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóØõæÝõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÕöÑúÊõãú ÍõÑõãðÇ ßóåóíúÆóÊößõãú ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÑúãõæÇ ÇáúÌóãúÑóÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóØõæÝõæÇ Èöåö» ) . æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö.
ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö æóÃóÔúÈóÇåõ Ðóáößó¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøó ÔóÇÑöÍó (ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö) áóãú íóÌúÚóáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÊóÚóíøõäö ÇáúãóÕöíÑö áöáäøóÓúÎö¡ Èóáú ÌóÚóáóåõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÓúÎö æóÇáúÛóáóØö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö) : ÝóÅöäú ÃõÌúãöÚó Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö Íõßúãö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóäúÓõæÎñ Ãóæú ÛóáóØñ - íóÚúäöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÑõæóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ - æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ËóÇÈöÊñ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÍúÊóãóáñ.
[ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ]
[ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõåöãøóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö]
ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ
772 - æóÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöí æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöí ÕóäøóÝóÇ ... ÝöíãóÇ áóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÕóÍøóÝóÇ
773 - Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö ßóÇáÕøõæáöíøö ÓöÊøðÇ ÛóíøóÑú ... ÔóíúÆðÇ Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ßóÇÈúäö ÇáäøõÏøóÑú(4/56)
774 - ÕóÍøóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÞóÇáóÇ
ÈóÐøóÑó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÁö æóäóÞúØò ÐóÇáóÇ ... 775 - æóÃóØúáóÞõæÇ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝó ÝöíãóÇ ÙóåóÑóÇ
ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÇÍúÊóÌóãú ãóßóÇäó ÇÍúÊóÌóÑóÇ ... 776 - æóæóÇÕöáñ ÈöÚóÇÕöãò æóÇáúÃóÍúÏóÈõ
ÈöÃóÍúæóáò ÊóÕúÍöíÝó ÓóãúÚò áóÞøóÈõæÇ ... 777 - æóÕóÍøóÝó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÅöãóÇãõ ÚóäóÒóåú
Ùóäøó ÇáúÞóÈöíáó ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóäóÒóåú ... 778 - æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ùóäøó Óõßõæäó äõæäöåö
ÝóÞóÇáó: ÔóÇÉñ ÎóÇÈó Ýöí Ùõäõæäöåú
(ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÔúÊóÈöåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóäóÏö æóÇáúãóÊúäö. æóáóæú ÌõÚöáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõÄúÊóáöÝö æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝö áóßóÇäó ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ æóåõæó áößóæúäöåö ÊóÍúæöíáó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÑóÝóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ Ýóäøñ Ìóáöíáñ ãõåöãøñ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúåóÖõ ÈöÃóÚúÈóÇÆöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÍõÐøóÇÞõ.
[ÇáúßõÊõÈõ ÇáúãõåöãøóÉõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö] (æó) ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙóÇäö ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó (ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöí) æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö (ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöí ÕóäøóÝóÇ
ÝöíãóÇ áóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÕóÍøóÝóÇ
) .
æóÚóáóì ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõÝöíÏñ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóæøóáõåõãóÇ Ýóáóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÚöÏøóÉõ ßõÊõÈò¡ ÃóßúÈõÑõåóÇ áöÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÛóíúÑó ãõÞúÊóÕöÑò Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. Ëõãøó ÃóÝúÑóÏó ãöäúåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ ãöäú ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÇáÔøöÚúÑö¡ æóÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö æóÇáúÝõÑúÓóÇäö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÃóíøóÇãöåóÇ æóæóÞóÇÆöÚöåóÇ æóÃóãóÇßöäöåóÇ æóÃóäúÓóÇÈöåóÇ. Ëõãøó ÂÎóÑó ÝöíãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÞóíøöÏò ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ ÝóÞóØú¡ Èóáú ÐóßóÑó Ýöíåö ãóÇ åõæó ãõÚóÑøóÖñ áöÐóáößó.
æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÍúßöíøö ãöãøóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ãóÇ íóßóÇÏõ ÇááøóÈöíÈõ íóÖúÍóßõ ãöäúåõ.
[ÛóÑóÖõ ÊóÕúäöíÝö Êöáúßó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúÅöÝúÕóÇÍõ] æóßóÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ áóÇ áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáØøóÚúäö ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú Ýöí æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäú ÕóÍøóÝó¡ æóáóÇ áöáúæóÖúÚö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõßúËöÑõ ãóáõæãðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÊóåöÑõ Èöåö Èóíúäó ÇáäøõÞøóÇÏö ãóÐúãõæãðÇ¡ Èóáú ÅöíËóÇÑðÇ áöÈóíóÇäö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóÅöÔúåóÇÑðÇ(4/57)
áóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáØøõáøóÇÈö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ Ýöí ÌóÇãöÚöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÚóíøóÈó ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáØøóáóÈóÉö ÈúÊóÕúÍöíÝöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÇáúãõÊõæäö¡ æóÏóæøóäó Úóäúåõãú ãóÇ ÕóÍøóÝõæåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÐúßõÑõ ÈóÚúÖó Ðóáößó ; áöíóßõæäó ÏóÇÚöíðÇ áöãóäú æóÞóÝó Úóáóíúåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÍóÝøõÙö ãöäú ãöËúáöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóíóäúÈóÛöí áöÞóÇÑöÆö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäú íóÊóÝóßøóÑó ÝöíãóÇ íóÞúÑóÄõåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÓúáóãó ãöäúåõ.
æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøö: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÚõíøöÈó ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÝõÖöÍó Èöåö ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁö¡ æóÓõãøõæÇ ÇáÕøõÍõÝöíøóÉó¡ æóäóåúíõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúÍóãúáö Úóäúåõãú ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóßóÑøöÑö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóÇ íóÓúáóãõ ãöäú ÒóáøóÉò æóÎóØóÃò ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÚóÕóãó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ ãóäú ÚõÏøóÊú ÛóáóØóÇÊõåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: æóãóäú íóÚúÑóì Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö¿ ! æóÇáúÅößúËóÇÑõ ãöäúåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ áöáúÂÎöÐö ãöäú ÈõØõæäö ÇáÏøóÝóÇÊöÑö æóÇáÕøõÍõÝö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÔóíúÎñ íõæÞöÝõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóãöäú Ëóãøó ÍóÖøó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ Úóáóì ÊóÌóäøõÈö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ßóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÓóáóÝó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóíõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú íóäúÞõáõ ßóÐóáößó æóíõÛóíøöÑõ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÕóÍøóÝó ; Ãóíú: ÞóÏú Ñóæóì Úóäö ÇáÕøõÍõÝö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÕóÍøöÝñ¡ æóãóÕúÏóÑõåõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝõ.
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö]
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö] Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ íóÞóÚõ ÊóÇÑóÉð ÅöãøóÇ (Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö ßóÜ) ÜãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (ÇáÕøõæöáöíøö) ; ÍóíúËõ Ãóãúáóì Ýöí (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) ÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: ( «ãóäú ÕóÇãó ÑóãóÖóÇäó æóÃóÊúÈóÚóåõ ÓöÊøðÇ» ) ÈöÓöíäò ãõåúãóáóÉò æóãõËóäøóÇÉò ÝóæúÞóÇäöíøóÉò ãõÔóÏøóÏóÉò (ÛóíøóÑú) Ðóáößó (ÔóíúÆðÇ) ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÇáúãõËóäøóÇÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÊóÇäöíøóÉö. æóáöæóßöíÚò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö: ( «áóÚóäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÔóÞøöÞõæäó ÇáúÎõØóÈó(4/58)
ÊóÔúÞöíÞó ÇáÔøöÚúÑö» ) ; ÍóíúËõ ÛóíøóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóØóÈö ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóÚóÑö ÈöÝóÊúÍóÊóíúäö.
æóíõÍúßóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÔóÇåöíäó ÕóÍøóÝóåõ ßóÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãóáøóÇÍöíäó: íóÇ Þóæúãõ¡ ßóíúÝó äóÚúãóáõ æóÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ãóÇÓøóÉñ¿ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÍöÑúÝóÊöåö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉõ Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó æó (ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö æó (ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö) áöáúÎóØöíÈö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÇáúÌõÚúÝöíøö Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èöåö. æóáöãõÔúßóÏóÇäóÉó ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó ÍóÏöíËó Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÞóÕúÚö ÇáÑøõØóÈóÉö ÈöÇáØøóÇÁö ÈóÏóáó ÇáÕøóÇÏö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÖøöíóÇÚö æóÇáäøóÇÓö íóÖöÌøõæäó¡ ÝóÝóÊøóÔó ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÝó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö. æóáöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÇáúÚóäóÒöíøö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóíõáóÞøóÈõ ÇáÒøóãóäó ; ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó (Ãóæú ÔóÇÉñ ÊóäúÚóÑõ) ÈöÇáäøõæäö ÈóÏóáó ÇáúíóÇÁö. æóáöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáöíøö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó ÞóÑøó ÇáÏøóÌóÇÌóÉö ÈöÇáÒøóÇÁö ÇáúãóäúÞõæØóÉö ÇáúãóÖúãõæãóÉö ÈóÏóáó ÇáÏøóÇáö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö.
æóáöÛõäúÏóÑò ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó ÃõÈóíøðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò: (Ñõãöíó ÃõÈóíøñ íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö Úóáóì ÃóßúÍóáöåö) ÃóÈöí ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö. æóÃóÈõæ ÌóÇÈöÑò ßóÇäó ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃõÍõÏò. æóáöÔõÚúÈóÉó ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó ÐóÑøóÉð ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÁö ÇáúãõÔóÏøóÏóÉö ÏõÑóÉð ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö(4/59)
æóÇáÊøóÎúÝöíÝö.
æóáöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáäøóíúÓóÇÈõæÑöíøö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈö ãóÍúãöÔðÇ ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó: ( «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚõãóíúÑò¡ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáäøõÛóíúÑõ¿» ) ÇáúãõÕóÛøóÑóíúäö ÈöÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóãöíÑò¡ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÈóÚöíÑõ¿ ÈöÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö æóÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ ÝóÕóÍøóÝó ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ. ÍóÊøóì ÅöäøóÇ ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ýöí Úõáõæãö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöáúÍóÇßöãö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÝöÙó Çááøóåõ ÃóÎóÇäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍó Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙó ÇáúãõáóÞøóÈó ÌóÒóÑóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ íõÈúÓöØõäóÇ ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ æóÍóÇÖöÑðÇ¡ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÇáÐøõåúáöíøõ - íóÚúäöí ÈöäóíúÓóÇÈõæÑó - ÃóÌúáóÓõæÇ ÔóíúÎðÇ áóåõãú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ãóÍúãöÔñ. ÝóÃóãúáóì Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÐóßóÑó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Ãóãúáóì ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: (áóÇ ÊóÕúÍóÈõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÑõÝúÞóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÌóÑóÓñ) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö ÇáúãóÖúãõæãóÉö æóÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáÑøóÇÁö. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÌóÒóÑóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ áõÞøöÈó ÈöåóÇ ; áößóæúäöåö ÕóÍøóÝó ÍóÏöíËó Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÈõÓúÑò ßóÇäó íóÑúÞöí æóáóÏóåõ ÈöÎóÑóÒóÉò ; ÈöãõÚúÌóãóÊóíúäö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÑóÇÁñ ãóÝúÊõæÍóÉñ¡ ÈöÌóÒóÑóÉò¡ ÈöÌöíãò Ëõãøó ÈöãõÚúÌóãóÉò ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãõåúãóáóÉñ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÞóÇÈö.
æóÇÊøóÝóÞó áöÈóÚúÖö ãõÏóÑøöÓöí ÇáäøöÙóÇãöíøóÉö ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáó íóæúãö ÅöÌúáóÇÓöåö ÃóæúÑóÏó ÍóÏöíËó: ( «ÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ÃóËóÑö ÕóáóÇÉò ßöÊóÇÈñ Ýöí Úöáøöíøöíäó» ) ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóäóÇÑò Ýöí ÛóáóÓò. Ýóáóãú íóÝúåóãö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑõæäó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÕóÍøóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÏóÑøöÓö.
æóáöÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóØúÚöãóÉö áóåõ: ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚö¡ æóÓóÇÞó ÍóÏöíËó ÏóÑøóÇÌò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúåóíúËóãö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÑóÝóÚóåõ: (ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚõ ÍóÑóÇãñ) ÝóÕóÍøóÝóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÔøöíóÇÚõ ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö æóÇáúíóÇÁö(4/60)
ÇáúãõËóäøóÇÉö ÊóÍúÊõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌöãóÇÚö.
æóáöÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞõÏøõæÓö ; ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó äóåúíóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐó ÔóíúÆðÇ Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõæÍõ ÛóÑóÖðÇ¡ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÑøõæÍö æóÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÚóíúäö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇáÑøóÇÁö ãöäú ÛóÑóÖðÇ. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: Ãóíøõ ÔóíúÁò åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: íóÚúäöí ßõæøóÉð Ýöí ÍóÇÆöØò áöíóÏúÎõáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÑøóæúÍõ.
æóáöÑóÌõáò ÓóÃóáó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÃóíõÖóÍøóì ÈöÇáÕøóÈöíøö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: (æóãóÇ Úóáóíúßó áóæú ÞõáúÊó: ÈöÇáÙøóÈúíö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ áõÛóÉñ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÝóÇäúÞóØóÚó ÇáúÚöÊóÇÈõ) .
æóáöÛõáóÇãò ÍóíúËõ ÓóÃóáó ÍóãøóÇÏó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÍóÏøóËóßó ÚóãúÑñæ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - äóåóì Úóäö ÇáúÎõÈúÒö. ÝóÊóÈóÓøóãó ÍóãøóÇÏñ æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ Èõäóíøó¡ ÅöÐóÇ äóåóì Úóäö ÇáúÎõÈúÒö Ýóãöäú Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò íóÚöíÔõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¿ ! æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ.
æóáöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÛóÝøóáöíäó ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ; ÍóíúËõ ÕóÍøóÝó Þóæúáóåõãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö Úóäú ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóäö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó Úóäú ÑóÌõáò.
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö]
[ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö] (Ãóæú) Ýöí (ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ßóÇÈúäö ÇáäøõÏøóÑú) ÈöÇáäøõæäö æóÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö ÇáúãõÔóÏøóÏóÉö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÚõÊúÈóÉõ ; ÍóíúËõ (ÕóÍøóÝó Ýöíåö) ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò (ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ) ¡ æó (ÞóÇáóÇ: ÈóÐøóÑó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÁö) ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö (æóäóÞúØò) áöáúãõåúãóáóÉö (ÐóÇáðÇ) .
æóßóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÎöÑøöíÊò ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö Ëõãøó ÑóÇÁò ãõÔóÏøóÏóÉò ãóßúÓõæÑóÉò¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó: ÎóÑöíÊñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÒõåóíúÑò ÇáÊøõÓúÊóÑöíøõ: áóÇ ÎóÑöíÊó æóáóÇ ÏóÑóíúÊó. æóßóÌóæøóÇÈò ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö ÈöÇáúÌöíãö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö æóÇáúæóÇæö ÇáúãõÔóÏøóÏóÉö¡ ÞóÑóÃóåõ ÍóÈöíÈñ ßóÇÊöÈõ ãóÇáößò: ÌöÑóÇÈñ ; ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúÌöíãö æóÊóÎúÝöíÝö ÇáÑøóÇÁö.
æóßóÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó ÈöÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇáÔøöíäö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö. æóßóÃóÈöí ÍõÑøóÉò ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáÑøóÇÁö¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇáúÌöíãö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö. æóßóÇáúÚóæøóÇãö Èúäö ãõÑóÇÌöãò ÈöÇáÑøóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÇáúÌöíãö¡ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò ÈöÇáÒøóÇÁö ÇáúãóäúÞõæØóÉö æóÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö. Ýöí ÃóãúËöáóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò áößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÕóÇäöíÝö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí(4/61)
ÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÎóØöíÈö ãöäúåóÇ äõÈúÐóÉñ. æóãöäú ÃóãúËöáóÊöåö ÇáúãõáúÍóÞóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÛóÓøóÇäó ãóÇáößö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáäøóåúÏöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÍóÓóäöíøðÇ - íóÚúäöí: ÇáúÍóÓóäó Èúäó ÕóÇáöÍò - Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóÓõæÁö ãóÐúåóÈöåö. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÃóÈõæ ÛóÓøóÇäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò áóßöäú áóãú íõÑöÏö ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ äóÓóÈóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÎóÔóÈöíøñ ÈöãõÚúÌóãóÊóíúäö æóãõæóÍøóÏóÉò¡ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ.
ÞóÇáó: æóÔóÑúÍõ Ðóáößó íóØõæáõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö. æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÓóÇÈö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáúÌóÑöíÑöíøö¡ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÌöíãö æóßóÓúÑö ÇáÑøóÇÁö¡ äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúÌóæúÒóÌóÇäöíøõ. Ëõãøó äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: Åöäøóåõ ÌóÑöíÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö æóáóãú íóßõäú ÏóÇÚöíóÉð.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóáóãú íóäúÓõÈúåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó áöãóÐúåóÈö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÓóÈóåõ áöãóÐúåóÈö ÍóÑöíÑö Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÈöÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö Ëõãøó ÑóÇÁò Ëõãøó ÑóÇÁò. æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö ; ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó Ýöí ØóÈóÞóÉö ÔõíõæÎö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúáöÏö ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ãóäú åõæó Ýöí ÚöÏóÇÏö ÔõíõæÎöåö¿ ! æóíóäúÞóÓöãõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÝö ÈóÕóÑò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóÓóãúÚò¡ æóåõæó Þóáöíáñ. æóßóÐóÇ Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÝö áóÝúÙò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóãóÚúäðì¡ æóåõæó Þóáöíáñ.
[ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö]
[ÃóÓúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö] (æó) ßóÐóÇ (ÃóØúáóÞõæÇ) ; Ãóíú: ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö¡ (ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝó ÝöíãóÇ ÙóåóÑóÇ) ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÍõÑõæÝöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÔúÊöÈóÇåò Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóáó Ýöíåö Îóáóáñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöäóÞúÕò Ãóæú ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ãóæú ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÍóÑúÝò ÈöÂÎóÑó.
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ:(4/62)
ßóÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò: «ÏóÎóáó ÑóÌõáñ íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÎúØõÈõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: (ÕóáøóíúÊó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÌúáöÓó¿) » ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóÌöíÁó¿) ¡ æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö¡ äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ. æóßóãóÇ Ñóæóì íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóáóÇãò ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóÃõÑöíßõãú ÏóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 145] ¡ ÞóÇáó: ãöÕúÑó. ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúÙóãó åóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóÍóåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãóÕöíÑóåõãú.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáúÚöíÏö: ( «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÎúÑõÌõ íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö ÝóíõÕóáøöí ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó íõÓóáøöãõ ÝóíóÞöÝõ Úóáóì ÑöÌúáóíúåö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÞúÈöáõ ÇáäøóÇÓó æóåõãú ÌõáõæÓñ» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
ÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ÑóÇÍöáóÊöåö ÈóÏóáó ÑöÌúáóíúåö. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöí ( «Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó íóÎúÑõÌõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöíÏö ãóÇÔöíðÇ æóÇáúÚóäóÒóÉõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóØóÈó Úóáóì ÑóÇÍöáóÊöåö íóæúãó ÇáäøóÍúÑö Èöãöäðì» ) .
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: (ßóÞóæúáöåö) Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò: (ÇÍúÊóÌóãó) ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ; ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒö áóåõ (ãóßóÇäó ÇÍúÊóÌóÑóÇ) ÈöÇáúãöíãö ÈóÏóáó ÇáÑøóÇÁö ; áößóæúäöåö ÃóÎóÐóåõ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò ÈöÛóíúÑö ÓóãóÇÚò¡ æóÃóÎúØóÃó ÝóÈóÞöíøóÊõåõ: (ÈöÎõÕøò Ãóæú ÍóÕöíÑö ÍõÌúÑóÉð íõÕóáøöí ÝöíåóÇ) . æóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøö åóÐóÇ ãöËóÇáðÇ áöÊóÕúÍöíÝö ÇáÓøóãúÚö Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ. (æó) ßóÐóÇ (æóÇÕöáñ) ÃóÈúÏóáó ÇÓúãóåõ (ÈöÚóÇÕöãò) . Èóáú (æó) ÃóÈúÏóáóÇ (ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÈõ) áóÞóÈõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ (ÈöÃóÍúæóáò) ÈöÇáÕøóÑúÝö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ áóÞóÈö ÚóÇÕöãò¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Úóäú æóÇÕöáò ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò: (Ãóíøõ ÇáÐøóäúÈö ÃóÚúÙóãõ¿) .
æóßóÐóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÑúÝõØóÉó ; ÍóíúËõ ÃóÈúÏóáóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ ÈöãóÇáößö Èúäö ÚõÑúÝõØóÉó. ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ (ÊóÕúÍöíÝó) ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö ãóÝúÚõæáñ ãõÞóÏøóãñ (ÓóãúÚò) ;(4/63)
íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ (áóÞøóÈõæÇ) . Ýóãöäö ÇáúãõáóÞøöÈöíäó ÈöÐóáößó áöáúãöËóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ¡ æóáöáËøóÇäöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÊóáúÞöíÈõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóáúÞöíÈö ÇÍúÊóÌóãó Èöåö¡ Èóáú ÐóÇßó Ãóæúáóì ; áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåöãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúæóÒúäö Ýöí ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÒúäõ ; ÅöÐú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉñ.
Ëõãøó Åöäøó Ìõáøó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ (æó) ÞóÏú (ÕóÍøóÝó ÇáúãóÚúäóì) ÝóÞóØú ÈóÚúÖõ ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËó Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍúáöíÞö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÞóÇáó: ãõäúÐõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ãóÇ ÍóáóÞúÊõ ÑóÃúÓöí ÞóÈúáó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. Ýõåöãó ãöäúåõ ÍóáúÞõ ÇáÑøõÁõæÓö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÍúáöíÞõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöáóÞðÇ. æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÍóíúËõ ÓóãöÚó ÎóØöíÈðÇ íóÑúæöí ÍóÏöíËó: (áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóÊøóÇÊñ) ¡ ÝóÈóßóì æóÞóÇáó: (ãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÕúäóÚõ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú áöí ÍöÑúÝóÉñ Óöæóì ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÞóÊøö) ; íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúáöÝõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøó.
æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì ÇáÒøóãóäõ (ÅöãóÇãõ ÚóäóÒóåú) ÍóíúËõ (
Ùóäøó ÇáúÞóÈöíáó ÈöÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóäóÒóåú
) ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÕóáøöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó íóæúãðÇ: (äóÍúäõ Þóæúãñ áóäóÇ ÔóÑóÝñ¡ äóÍúäõ ãöäú ÚóäóÒóÉó¡ ÞóÏú Õóáøóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÅöáóíúäóÇ) ¡ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ.
(æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú) ¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ ÕóÍøóÝó áóÝúÙóåõ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ãóÚðÇ¡ (Ùóäøó Óõßõæäó äõæäöåö) Ãóíú: áóÝúÙö ÇáúÚóäóÒóÉö¡ æóÑóæóÇåõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì (ÝóÞóÇáó: ÔóÇÉñ) ¡ ÝóÃóÎúØóÃó æó (ÎóÇÈó Ýöí Ùõäõæäöåö) ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö ; ÅöÐö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÚóäóÒóÉñ ÈöÝóÊúÍö Çáäøõæäö ; æóåöíó ÇáúÍóÑúÈóÉõ ÊõäúÕóÈõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö. æóáöÐóáößó ÍößóÇíóÉñ ÍóßóÇåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑò ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÈöÚóÏóäó(4/64)
ÃóÈúíóäó íóæúãó ÚöíÏò¡ ÝóÔõÏøóÊú ÚóäúÒóÉñ - íóÚúäöí: ÔóÇÉñ - ÈöÞõÑúÈö ÇáúãöÍúÑóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÓóÃóáúÊõåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑóÇÛö ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö: ãóÇ åöíó ÇáúÚóäúÒóÉõ ÇáúãóÔúÏõæÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãöÍúÑóÇÈö¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íõÕóáøöí íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö Åöáóì ÚóäúÒóÉò¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: (íóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÕóÍøóÝúÊõãú¡ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí Åöáóì ÇáúÚóäóÒóÉö: ÇáúÍóÑúÈóÉö) .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÈúÚóÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÏóÇÁð áöáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÇáúãóÊúäö¡ Èóáú áóãú íóßõäú Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝöíãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÛóÑøóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉò ãöãøóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÔõÑøóÇÍö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÚöäúÏóåõ: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÞöÝú ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÕøõÍõÝö æóÇáúÃóÎúÐö ãöäúåóÇ.
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö]
[ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö] æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÃõÏúÑöÌó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö ÊóÌóæøõÒñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ; ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÈöÊóÛúíöíÑö ÍóÑúÝò Ãóæú ÍóÑúÝóíúäö ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÎóØøö Ýöí ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÞúØö ÝóÇáúãõÕóÍøóÝõ¡ Ãóæú Åöáóì ÇáÔøóßúáö ÝóÇáúãõÍóÑøóÝõ.
æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÈóÚúÖö Ðóáößó - íóÚúäöí ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó - ÊóÕúÍöíÝðÇ ãóÌóÇÒñ. ÞóÇáó: æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Úóäö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö áóåõãú Ýöíåö ÃóÚúÐóÇÑñ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåóÇ äóÇÞöáõæåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: æóãöäó ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö æõÞõæÚõ ÇáÊøóÕúÍöíÝö Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõäúÞóáõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÔúíóÇÁõ ÚóÌöíÈóÉñ ãóÚó ÊóÕúäöíÝöåö ÊóÝúÓöíÑðÇ¡ æóÃõæÏöÚó Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÌõãúáóÉñ¡ äóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞó æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó.
ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ: ßóÊóÈó ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò ÚóÇãöáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ãóäú ÃóÍúÕö(4/65)
ãóäú ÞöÈóáóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóäøóËöíäó. ÝóÕóÍøóÝó ÇáúßóÇÊöÈõ¡ ÝóÎóÕóÇåõãú. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Úóáöãó Ðóáößó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóßóÝøó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÖóÈúØöåö.
æóÖöÏøõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑóÒúÏóÞó ßóÇäó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÑó ÈöÞóÈúÑö ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇãó Ýöí ãõÓóÇÚóÏóÊöåö ÍóÏøó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö¡ ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóäøó Êóãöíãó Èúäó ÒóíúÏò ÇáúÞóíúäöíøó ÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ÌóíúÔò ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ Åöáóì ÝóÑóÒúÏóÞò ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøöí ÇÓúÊóÌóÑúÊõ ÈöÞóÈúÑö ÛóÇáöÈò Ãóäú ÊóÔúÝóÚó áöí Åöáóì Êóãöíãò Ýöí ÇÈúäöí ÎõäóíúÓò Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáóåõ. ÝóßóÊóÈó ÇáúÝóÑóÒúÏóÞõ ÃóÈúíóÇÊðÇ Åöáóì Êóãöíãò íóÓúÃóáõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÏúÑö Êóãöíãñ Ãóåúæó ÍõÈóíúÓñ Ãóæú ÎõäóíúÓñ¡ ÝóÃóØúáóÞó ßõáøó ãóäú Ýöí ÚóÓúßóÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÊóÓóãøóì ÈöåöãóÇ.
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[ãõÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúãõÕóäøóÝóÇÊõ Ýöíåö] (ãõÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö) ; Ãóíú: ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ãóÏúáõæáöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú Ãóåóãøö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö¡ ÊõÖúØóÑøõ Åöáóíúåö ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßúãõáõ áöáúÞöíóÇãö Èöåö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÌóÇãöÚðÇ áöÕöäóÇÚóÊóíö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ÛóÇÆöÕðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáÏøóÞöíÞóÉö ; æóáöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÎõÒóíúãóÉó ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåö ßóáóÇãðÇ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÊóæóÓøóÚó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: (áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ ÍóÏöíËóíúäö ÕóÍöíÍóíúäö ãõÊóÖóÇÏøóíúäö¡ Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóáúíóÃúÊöäöí Èöåö áöÃõÄóáøöÝó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ) . æóÇäúÊõÞöÏó Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÕóäöíÚöåö Ýöí(4/66)
ÊóæóÓøõÚöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÝóÊóÍúäóÇ ÈóÇÈó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö áóÇäúÏóÝóÚóÊú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚöáóáö.
æóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöíåö ÅöãóÇãõäóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóáóåõ Ýöíåö ãõÌóáøóÏñ Ìóáöíáñ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ßõÊõÈö (ÇáúÃõãøö) ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÕöÏö ÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈóåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó ãóÏúÎóáñ ÚóÙöíãñ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ íóÊóäóÈøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞöåö. æóßóÐóÇ ÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåö ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÃóÊóì Ýöíåö ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÍóÓóäóÉò¡ æóÞóÕõÑó ÈóÇÚõåõ Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÞóÕøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÑóÃúÊõåõãóÇ. æóÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ãõÔúßöáö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö) ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÌóáøö ßõÊõÈöåö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇÈöáñ áöáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÛúäò Úóäö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö æóÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÑõÔúÏò¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Þóæúáö ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøö: Åöäøóåõ Èóíøóäó Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåö Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÕöäóÇÚóÊöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íõÍúßöãúåóÇ.
æóãöãøóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÝõæÑóßó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÞóÕúÑöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóåõæó äóÍúæõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ÂáóÇÝö æóÑóÞóÉò. æóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÝóÕúáö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¡ Ýóßõáøõ äóÇÓöÎò ãóäúÓõæÎò ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ¡ æóáóÇ ÚóßúÓó.
[ÃóãúËöáóÊõåõ]
[ãõÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóãúËöáóÊõåõ] (æó) ÌõãúáóÉõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöíåö ÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: (ÇáúãóÊúäõ) ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõ áöáúÍõÌøóÉö (Åöäú äóÇÝóÇåõ) ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö (ãóÊúäñ ÂÎóÑõ) ãöËúáõåõ¡ (æóÃóãúßóäó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ) ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöæóÌúåò(4/67)
ÕóÍöíÍò ÒóÇáó Èöåö ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ¡ (ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÝõÑõ) ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ Èóáú íõÕóÇÑõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ æóíõÚúãóáõ ÈöåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ. æóÃóãúËöáóÊõåõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ (ßóãóÊúäö áóÇ íõæÑöÏú) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáÑøóÇÁö¡ (ãõãúÑöÖñ) ¡ ÈöÖóãøö Ãóæøóáöåö æóÓõßõæäö ËóÇäöíåö æóßóÓúÑö ËóÇáöËöåö¡ ÇÓúãõ ÝóÇÚöáò ãöäú ÃóãúÑóÖó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ãóÇÔöíóÊóåõ ãóÑóÖñ¡ (Úóáóì ãõÕöÍøò) ÇÓúãõ ÝóÇÚöáò ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕóÍøó: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú ãóÇÔöíóÊóåõ ÚóÇåóÉñ Ëõãøó ÐóåóÈóÊú ÚóäúåóÇ æóÕóÍøóÊú. ÇáúãõæóÇÒöí áöãóÚúäóì ãóÊúäö: ( «ÝöÑøó ãöäó ÇáúãóÌúÐõæãö ÝöÑóÇÑóßó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓóÏö» ) ¡ (ãóÚú) ÈöÇáÓøõßõæäö ãóÊúäö: (áóÇ ÚóÏúæóì æóáóÇ ØöíóÑóÉó) ¡ æóßõáøõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ÝóÙóÇåöÑõåóÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÝõÑõ¡ æóãõäóÇÝóÇÉõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö áöáúÃóæøóáóíúäö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÈóÇáóÛó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕö Èúäõ ÔóÇåöíäó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÒóÚóãõæÇ ÇáäøóÓúÎó Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáóíúäö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãõãúßöäñ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö.
(ÝóÇáäøóÝúíõ) Ýöí Þóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: (áóÇ ÚóÏúæóì) (áöáØøóÈúÚö) ; Ãóíú: áöãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö ãöäú Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúÑóÇÖó ãöäó ÇáúÌõÐóÇãö æóÇáúÈóÑóÕö ÊõÚúÏöí ÈöÇáØøóÈúÚö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: (Ýóãóäú ÃóÚúÏóì ÇáúÃóæøóáó¿) ; Ãóíú: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ áöÐóáößó ÈöÓóÈóÈò æóÛóíúÑö ÓóÈóÈò.
(æó) ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÝöÑóÇÑö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (ÝöÑøó) ¡ æóÇáäøóåúíõ Ýöí: (áóÇ íõæÑöÏú) ; áöÎóæúÝò ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÉö æóÇáúãõãóÇÓøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú íóÎúáõÞõ Çááøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ - áóÇ Èöåö - ÇáÏøóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóÊóÎóáøóÝõ ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöØöíäó¡ Èóáú äõÔóÇåöÏõ ãóäú íóÌúÊóåöÏõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒö ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÉö æóÇáúãõãóÇÓøóÉö íõÄúÎóÐõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇáößö ÇáøóÊöí ÓóáóßóåóÇ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ÃóÍóÏöåóÇ - æóÚóáóíúåö äóÞúÊóÕöÑõ - ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò(4/68)
æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ; ßóÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó æóÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí (ÊóæúÖöíÍö ÇáäøõÎúÈóÉö) : æóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó äóÝúíóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöáúÚóÏúæóì Úóáóì Úõãõæãöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó Þóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «áóÇ íõÚúÏöí ÔóíúÁñ ÔóíúÆðÇ» ) ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöãóäú ÚóÇÑóÖóåõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÈóÚöíÑó ÇáúÃóÌúÑóÈó íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÝóíõÎóÇáöØõåóÇ ÝóÊóÌúÑóÈõ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «Ýóãóäú ÃóÚúÏóì ÇáúÃóæøóáó¿» ) ¡ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí ßóãóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÃóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÝöÑóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúãóÌúÐõæãö Ýóãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÓóÏøö ÇáÐøóÑóÇÆöÚö ; áöÆóáøóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞó áöáÔøóÎúÕö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóÇáöØõåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúæóì ÇáúãóäúÝöíøóÉö¡ ÝóíóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãõÎóÇáóØóÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÚóÏúæóì¡ ÝóíóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑóÌö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÊóÌóäøõÈöåö ÍóÓúãðÇ áöáúãóÇÏøóÉö.
æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò: áóíúÓó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ( «áóÇ íõæÑöÏú ãõãúÑöÖñ Úóáóì ãõÕöÍøò» ) ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÚóÏúæóì ; Èóáú áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍó áóæú ãóÑöÖóÊú ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÑõÈøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÕóÇÍöÈöåóÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏúæóì ÝóíóÝúÊóÊöäõ æóíóÊóÔóßøóßõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈöåö. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó áöáúãóÎóÇÝóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ãöäú ÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÇåóÉö. ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ÔóÑøõ ãóÇ Íõãöáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÚóÏúæóì ÇáøóÊöí äóÝóÇåóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ¡ æóáóßöäøó æóÌúåó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏöí ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåõ.
(Ãóæú áóÇ) ; Ãóíú: æóÅöäú áóãú íõãúßöäö ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÊúäóíúäö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÇáÊøóäóÇÝöí Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó Úóáóì ÖóÑúÈóíúäö¡ (ÝóÅöäú äóÓúÎñ ÈóÏóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÙóåóÑó ØóÑöíÞñ ãöäó ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæÍóÉö Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö¡ (ÝóÇÚúãóáú Èöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö æóÛóíúÑöåö. (Ãóæú áóÇ) ; Ãóíú: æóÅöäú áóãú íóÈúÏõ äóÓúÎñ¡ (ÝóÑóÌøöÍú) ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúãóÊúäóíúäö ÈöæóÌúåò ãöäú æõÌõæåö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúãóÊúäö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ; ßóÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ãóæú ÈöÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú. æóÞóÏú ÓóÑóÏó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÒöãöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö) ÎóãúÓöíäó ãóÚó(4/69)
ÅöÔóÇÑóÊöåö Åöáóì ÒöíóÇÏóÊöåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó ; ÝóÞóÏú ÒóÇÏóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Ýöí ÈóÇÈò ãóÚúÞõæÏò áóåóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÃóæúÑóÏó ÌóãöíÚóåóÇ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöí ÇáäøõßóÊö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõØöíáõ ÈöÅöíÑóÇÏöåóÇ.
(æóÇÚúãóáóäú) Èöäõæäö ÇáÊøóæúßöíÏö ÇáúÎóÝöíÝóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍóÇÊö (ÈöÇáúÃóÔúÈóåö) ; Ãóíú: ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÌóÍö ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ãõÑóÌøöÍðÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó Úóäö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãóÊúäóíúäö ÍóÊøóì íóÙúåóÑó. æóÞöíáó: íóåúÌõãõ ÝóíõÝúÊöí ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæú íõÝúÊöí ÈöåóÐóÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊò¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÂÎóÑó¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóÇáöÈðÇ ÓóÈóÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Úóäúåõ.
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æóÅöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøö: Åöäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÊóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö åõæó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉò ÓóÈóÞóÊú Ýöí äóæúÚö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö íõÈóÇíöäõ ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓó ; ÅöÐú åõæó ßóãóÇ ÍõÞøöÞó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÈóÇÈöåö: ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäúåõ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÚóÑøóÝó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö: ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Úóãøóäú áóÞöíóåõ æóáóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Úóãøóäú ÚóÇÕóÑóåõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Úõãõæãñ ãõØúáóÞñ. æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ.
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ÚóÏóãõ (ÇááøöÞóÇÁö) ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ; ÍóíúËõ Úõáöãó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÃóãúÑóíúäö ; ãöäú ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÐóáößó ; ßóÞóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó: åóáú ÊóÐúßõÑõ ãöäú ÃóÈöíßó ÔóíúÆðÇ: (áóÇ) . æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãóæúáóì ÛõÝúÑóÉó¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåõ ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ íõæäõÓó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ: ÃóÓóãöÚúÊó ãöäó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõ Òóãóäóåõ. Ãóæú ÌóÒóãó ÅöãóÇãñ ãõØøóáöÚñ Èößóæúäöåö áóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú æóÌúåò íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÊóáóÇÞóíóÇ ; ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó áóãú íóáúÞó ÚóáöíøðÇ. æóãöËúáõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÚóÌóÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö¡ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö áóãú íóáúÞó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäó ÚóÇãöÑò.
(íóÈúÏõæ Èöåö) ; Ãóíú: íóÙúåóÑõ Èößõáøò ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÇááøöÞóÇÁö (ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáõ Ðõæ ÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö) ; ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáúÍõßúãö ÈöÐóáößó ; ßóÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ( «ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÝóáúíõæÞöÙö ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ» ) . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÚóÞóÏöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö Úóäúåõ. æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóáúÞóåõ. æóåõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö ÈóáóÛó ãöäó ÇáúÚõãúÑö äóíøöÝðÇ æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó æóÝóÇÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËöíäó æóãöÇÆóÉò Ãóæö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóæúáöÏõåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÓöÊøöíäó ÈöíóÓöíÑò¡ æóæóÝóÇÉõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ßóÇäóÊú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøöÊøöíäó ÈöíóÓöíÑò. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò æóæóßöíÚñ æóÇáúÚóÏóäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú ÊõÓóãøó ÚöäúÏó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Èóíúäó ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡(4/72)
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æó (ßóÐóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇÓúãö ÑóÇæò) íóÊóæóÓøóØõ (Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏú) Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö ÇááøóÐóíúäö ßóÇäó íõÙóäøõ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÙúåóÑóÉð áöáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö ÇáúÎóÝöíøö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íõÐúßóÑú ÝöíåóÇ (Åöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÐúÝõåõ) ; Ãóíú: ÐóÇßó ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö æóÞóÚó (ÈöÜ) ÕöíÛóÉö (Úóäú) . æóÞóÇáó: æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö (Ýöíåö) ; Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÈöÏõæäöåö (æóÑóÏú) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò Êóßõæäõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉõ ãõÚóáøóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÂÊöí ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåö ; ÅöÐö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÉö ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ. æóÚóÈøóÑó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÊóÑóÌøóÍóÊö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ. ãöËóÇáõåõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò: ( «ËóáóÇËóÉñ íõÍöÈøõåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóËóáóÇËóÉñ íõÈúÛöÖõåõãõ Çááøóåõ» ) . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÝöÑúíóÇÈöíøõ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÑöÈúÚöíøö Èúäö ÎöÑóÇÔò Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÚóäúÚóäóÉö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑöÈúÚöíøðÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÙóÈúíóÇäó ÑóÝóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. Èóáú æóÊõæÈöÚó ÔõÚúÈóÉõ Úóáóíúåö ßóÐóáößó. æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÔóíúÈóÇäõ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÙóÈúíóÇäó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. Èóáú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÒóíúÏò. æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÄóãøóáñ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóãú íõÓóãøöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: Úóäú ÑóÌõáò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. ÝóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãõÑúÓóáóÉñ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÑöÈúÚöíøñ ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ; ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÒóãó ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ Ëõãøó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò. æóÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóãúÑöíÖö¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÏóÇæõÏó ÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ ãöäú ÚõãóÑó ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÞóÈúáó ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÈöÊöÓúÚö Óöäöíäó¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò ÌóÒúãðÇ ; æóáöÐóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÒúãö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäúåõ. æóáóßöäøó ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑó ÇÈúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó æóÇáúÍóÇßöãö æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö Ýöí (ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑóÉö) Úóáóì ÅöíÑóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÕöÍóÇÍöåöãú ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉö ÞóÏú íóÔúåóÏõ áöáúÃóæøóáóíúäö.(4/73)
[ÇáúãóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ãõÊøóÕöáö ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö]
[ÇáúãóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ãõÊøóÕöáö ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö] (æóÅöäú) ßóÇäó ÍóÐúÝõ ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö Èóíúäó ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕö (ÈöÊóÍúÏöíËò) Ãóæú ÅöÎúÈóÇÑò Ãóæú ÓóãóÇÚò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáó (ÃóÊóì) ¡ æóÑóÇæöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕö ßóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏó Èöåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÃóÊúÞóäõ ãöãøóäú ÒóÇÏó¡ (ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ áóåú) ; Ãóíú: áöáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúÎóÇáöí Úóäö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö ; áöÃóäøó ãóÚó ÑóÇæöíåö ßóÐóáößó ÒöíóÇÏóÉð¡ æóåöíó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÓóãóÇÚöåö¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáúãóÒöíÏö Ýöí ãõÊøóÕöáö ÇáúÃóÓóÇäöíÏö¡ ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö Èößóæúäö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÛóáóØðÇ ãöäú ÑóÇæöíåóÇ Ãóæú ÓóåúæðÇ¡ æóÈöÇÊøöÕóÇáö ÇáÓøóäóÏö ÇáäøóÇÞöÕö ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ ; ßóÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÍóæúáóÇÁö ÈöäúÊö ÊõæóíúÊò ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÑóæóÇåóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓóÇáöãò Úóäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÏöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÍóÈöíÈò ãóæúáóì ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. æóÕóæóÇÈõåõ áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÔõÚóíúÈò æóÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó äóÝúÓöåö ÈöáóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉò. æóßóÍóÏöíËö: ( «ÇáÓøöæóÇßõ ãóØúåóÑóÉñ áöáúÝóãö ãóÑúÖóÇÉñ áöáÑøóÈøö» ) ¡ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö ÇáúÛóÖóÇíöÑöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Úóäú ãöÓúÚóÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÊöíÞò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó. ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: Úóäú ãöÓúÚóÑò¡ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ¡ ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ æóÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÏóÇæõÏõ Èúäõ ÇáÒøöÈúÑöÞóÇäö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáó Èóíúäó ÃóÈöí ÚóÊöíÞò æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÇáúÞóÇÓöãó¡ æóåõæó æóåúãñ¡ æóÅöäú ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÄóãøóáñ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóäúåóÇ. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ãóÇåóÇäó Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö. ÝóÐößúÑõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Ýöíåö áóíúÓó ÈöãóÍúÝõæÙò. æóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáúÛóáóØö Ãóæö ÇáÓøóåúæö ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãóÏóÇÑõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö Úóáóì ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóãóåúãóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÇáäøóÇÞöÏö Ãóäøóåõ ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ Íóßóãó Èöåö¡(4/74)
æóÇáúÚóßúÓõ. åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ (ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóæúäöåö) ; Ãóíú: ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ (ÞóÏú Íóãóáóåú Úóäú ßõáøö) ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöíóíúäö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó Ãóäú íóÓúãóÚó ãöäú ÔóÎúÕò Úóäú ÂÎóÑó¡ Ëõãøó íóÓúãóÚó ãöäú ÔóíúÎö ÔóíúÎöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö æóÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÈößóËúÑóÉò. æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ÞõáúÊõ áöÓõåóíúáö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò: Åöäøó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÏöíäóÇÑò ÍóÏøóËóäöí Úóäö ÇáúÞóÚúÞóÇÚö Úóäú ÃóÈöíßó ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÈöÍóÏöíËö ßóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: æóÑóÌóæúÊõ Ãóäú íõÓúÞöØó Úóäøöí Óõåóíúáñ ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞóÚúÞóÇÚõ¡ æóíõÍóÏøöËóäöí Èöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Óõåóíúáñ: Èóáú ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÃóÈöí. Ëõãøó ÍóÏøóËóäöí Èöåö Óõåóíúáõ Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò. æóíóÊóÃóßøóÏõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÈöæõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ Çááøóåõãøó (ÅöáøóÇ) Ãóäú ÊõæÌóÏó ÞóÑöíäóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ áößóæúäöåö (ÍóíúËõ ãóÇ ÒöíÏó) åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö (æóÞóÚú æóåúãóÇ) ãöãøóäú ÒóÇÏóåõ¡ ÝóíóÒõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ.
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[ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö]
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõåöãøóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö]
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787 - æóÞöíáó: ãóäú ÃóÞóÇãó ÚóÇãðÇ æóÛóÒóÇ ... ãóÚóåú æóÐóÇ áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö ÚóÒóÇ
788 - æóÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÈöÇÔúÊöåóÇÑò Çæú ... ÊóæóÇÊõÑò Ãóæú Þóæúáö ÕóÇÍöÈò æóáóæú
789 - ÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ æóåúæó ÚóÏúáñ ÞõÈöáóÇ ... æóåõãú ÚõÏõæáñ Þöíáó: áóÇ ãóäú ÏóÎóáóÇ
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792 - ÃóßúËóÑõ ÝóÊúæóì æóåúæó æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑóÇ
æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÇÈúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ ÞóÏú ÌóÑóì ... 793 - Úóáóíúåöãõ ÈöÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóåú
áóíúÓó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóáóÇ ãóäú ÔóÇßóáóåú ... 794 - æóåúæó æóÒóíúÏñ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóåõãú
Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÃóÊúÈóÇÚñ íóÑóæúäó Þóæúáóåõãú ... 795 - æóÞóÇáó ãóÓúÑõæÞõ: ÇäúÊóåóì ÇáúÚöáúãõ Åöáóì
ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈò ßöÈóÇÑò äõÈóáóÇ ... 796 - ÒóíúÏò ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ãóÚú ÃõÈóíøö
ÚõãóÑó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãóÚú Úóáöíøö ... 797 - Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóåóì áöÐóíúäö æóÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÌóÚóáú
ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇ ÈóÏóáú.
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõåöãøóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóäøö] (ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö) : åóÐóÇ Íöíäõ ÇáÔøõÑõæÚö Ýöí ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö æóØóÈóÞóÇÊö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóãóÇ íóÊøóÕöáõ ÈöÐóáößó. æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóäøñ Ìóáöíáñ¡ æóÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåõ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒõ áöáúãõÑúÓóáö¡ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó. æóáöÃóÆöãøóÊöäóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÕóÇäöíÝõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ; ßóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö (ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóäú äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÓóÇÆöÑó ÇáúÈõáúÏóÇäö) ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ¡ íóÚúäöí áóØöíÝóÉð. æóßóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ Úõáöãó. æóßóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö æóãõØóíøóäò æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÚóÈúÏóÇäó æóÃóÈöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáÓøóßóäö Ýöí (ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö) ¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÝúÕö ÇÈúäö ÔóÇåöíäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÈóÇæóÑúÏöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÇáÏøóÛõæáöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóäúÏóåú¡ æóÇáÐøóíúáö Úóáóíúåö áöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóßóÃóÈöí ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö) ¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäöåóÇ æóÃóßúËóÑöåóÇ ÝóæóÇÆöÏó¡ áóæúáóÇ ãóÇ ÔóÇäóåõ ÈöÐößúÑö ãóÇ ÔóÌóÑó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÍößóÇíóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑöíøöíäó. æóÇáÐøóíúáö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ; ßóÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÇáúÃóãöíäö æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÝóÊúÍõæäò¡ æóåõãóÇ ãõÊóÚóÇÕöÑóÇäö¡ æóËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõåõãóÇ. æóÇÎúÊóÕóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÎóáöíáöíøõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö¡ æóÓóãøóÇåõ (ÅöÚúáóÇãó ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö ÈöÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö) .
Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó íóÚúÓõÑõ ÍóÕúÑõåõãú ; ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö¡ æóÃóÈóæóíö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö æóÇáúÚõËúãóÇäöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÞóÇäöÚò Ýöí ãóÚóÇÌöíãöåöãú. æóßóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌóãöåö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ÎóÇÕøóÉð. æóßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö ÇáúÚöÒøõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÌóÒóÑöíøõ ÇÈúäõ(4/76)
ÇáúÃóËöíÑö ÃóÎõæ ÃóÈöí ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÇÊö ÕóÇÍöÈö (ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑöíÈö) Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÍóÇÝöáò ÓóãøóÇåõ (ÃõÓúÏó ÇáúÛóÇÈóÉö) ÌóãóÚó Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÚöÏøóÉò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãóÚó ÖóÈúØöåö æóÊóÍúÞöíÞöåö áóÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÍóÓóäóÉò áóãú íóÓúÊóæúÚöÈú æóáóãú íõåóÐøöÈú¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÚóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÚóæøóáõ áöãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó Çáäøóæóæöíøö æóÇáúßóÇÔúÛóÑöíøö ÇÎúÊóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÊóÌúÑöíÏöåö¡ æóÒóÇÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÇÙöãõ ÚöÏøóÉó ÃóÓúãóÇÁò. æóáöÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑöíøö ÝöíåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈñ ÑóÊøóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö. æóáöÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÍöãúÕöíøö ÇáøóÐöí äóÒóáó ãöäúåõãú ÍöãúÕó ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóáöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáúÌöíÒöíøö ÇáøóÐöí äóÒóáó ãöÕúÑó¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõ ãöäúåõãú. æóáöáúÍóÇÝöÙö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóäöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøö (ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉõ áöÃóæúåóÇãò ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò) Ýöí ÌõÒúÁò ßóÈöíÑò. æóáöÎóáöíÝóÉó Èúäö ÎóíøóÇØò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ æóíóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóíúËóãóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ýöí ßõÊõÈò áóãú íóÎõÕøõæåóÇ Èöåöãú¡ Èóáú íõÖóãøõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Åöáóíúåöãú.
æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÏóÈó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áöÌóãúÚö ãóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇäúÊóÕóÈó áöÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãõÛúáóÞö ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇáößö¡ ãóÚó ÊóÍúÞöíÞò áöÛóæóÇãöÖó¡ æóÊóæúÝöíÞò Èóíúäó ãóÇ åõæó ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ßóÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖö¡ æóÒöíóÇÏóÇÊò ÌóãøóÉò æóÊóÊöãøóÇÊò ãõåöãøóÉò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ÓóãøóÇåõ (ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉó) ¡ ÌóÚóáó ßõáøó ÍóÑúÝò ãöäúåõ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóÞúÓóÇãò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ýöíãóäú æóÑóÏóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóæú ÐößúÑõåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÕóÍöíÍóÉò Ãóæú ÍóÓóäóÉò Ãóæú ÖóÚöíÝóÉò Ãóæú ãõäúÞóØöÚóÉò.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóäú áóåõ ÑõÄúíóÉñ ÝóÞóØú.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉó æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó¡ æóáóãú íóÑöÏú Ýöí ÎóÈóÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ãóäú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ãõÕóäøöÝöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæú ãõÎóÑøöÌöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ÛóáóØðÇ¡ ãóÚó ÈóíóÇäö Ðóáößó æóÊóÍúÞöíÞöåö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÓúÈóÞú Åöáóì ÛóÇáöÈöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÚóÌóÇÆöÈó íõÓúÊóÛúÑóÈõ æõÞõæÚõ ãöËúáöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó Úóãóáö ÇáúãõÈúåóãóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÑúÌõæ ÚóãóáóåóÇ.(4/77)
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ]
[ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö áõÛóÉð æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍðÇ] ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö. æóÝöíåö áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÑõÔóíúÏò: (ÅöíÖóÇÍõ ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö Ýöíãóäú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö) . æóåõæó áõÛóÉð: íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÃóÞóáøó ãóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÕõÍúÈóÉò¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóãøóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ¡ æóßóËõÑóÊú ãõÌóÇáóÓóÊõåõ. æóÝöí ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö: (ÑóÇÆöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö) - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÇÓúãõ ÝóÇÚöáò ãöäú ÑóÃóì¡ ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö (ãõÓúáöãðÇ) ÚóÇÞöáðÇ (Ðõæ ÕõÍúÈóÉö) Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÕóÍøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁð ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö æóáóæú áóÍúÙóÉð¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞóÚú ãóÚóåóÇ ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉñ æóáóÇ ãõãóÇÔóÇÉñ æóáóÇ ãõßóÇáóãóÉñ ; áöÔóÑóÝö ãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÂåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ãóæú ÑóÃóì ãõÓúáöãðÇ áóÍúÙóÉð ØõÈöÚó ÞóáúÈõåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÈöÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ãõÊóåóíøöÆñ áöáúÞóÈõæáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇÈóáó Ðóáößó ÇáäøõæÑó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó ÃóÔóÑóÝó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÙóåóÑó ÃóËóÑõåõ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈöåö æóÚóáóì ÌóæóÇÑöÍöåö.
æóãöãøóäú äóÕøó Úóáóì ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÕóÍöÈóåõ ÓóäóÉð Ãóæú ÔóåúÑðÇ Ãóæú íóæúãðÇ Ãóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ Ãóæú ÑóÂåõ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóæú ÑóÂåõ æóáóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð ãöäú äóåóÇÑò¡ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóÊóÈöÚóåõãóÇ ÊöáúãöíÐõåõãóÇ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóæú ÑóÂåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö. Þöíáó: æóíóÑöÏõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÊóæóÞøõÝõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÁö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÝóíóÏõæÑõ ; áöÃóäøó (ÕóÍöÈó) íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóÇáúÚóßúÓõ. áóßöäú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãõÑóÇÏõåõãú ÈöÕóÍöÈó: ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉõ¡ æóÈöÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö: ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍöíøõ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑö Èúäó ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøó ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøó ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÌóÇÑò Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÞóáöíáðÇ Ãóæú ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ íõÞóÇáõ: ÕóÍöÈóåõ ÔóåúÑðÇ Ãóæú íóæúãðÇ Ãóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð. ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÅöÌúÑóÇÁó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ. ÞóÇáó: æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú(4/78)
ÊóÞóÑøóÑó áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÚõÑúÝñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõæäóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöíãóäú ßóËõÑóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈó ÇáËøóÇäöíó.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÇÔúÊõÞøó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ áóÇ ÊõÍóÏøõ ÈöÒóãóäò¡ Èóáú íóÞõæáõ: ÕóÍöÈúÊõåõ ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÕóÍöÈúÊõåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð. æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö (ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò) ÚóÞöÈó ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: æóÈöåö íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ; ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÞóÏú äóÞóáó Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúãó íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÕõÍúÈóÉó ÓóÇÚóÉò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞóÏú äóÞóáõæÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÇáúÚõÑúÝö Úóáóì æóÝúÞö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö. ÞõáúÊõ: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÇáúßõÝøóÇÑõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ÇÓúãö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÅöäú ÑóÃóæúåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö: ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÊõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ ãõØúáóÞõåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö¡ æóÊóÃúßöíÏõåóÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÔúÊóåöÑõ Èöåö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúãõÔúÊóãöáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÉö æóÇáúãõÚóÇÔóÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ÝõáóÇäñ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÝõáóÇäò¡ áóãú íóäúÕóÑöÝú - íóÚúäöí: ÚõÑúÝðÇ - ÅöáøóÇ áöáúãõÄóßøóÏóÉö ; ßóÎóÇÏöãö ÝõáóÇäò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ: ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøó ãóäú ÑóÂåõ. æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ. æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÊóÚõãøõ ÇáúÞóáöíáó æóÇáúßóËöíÑó¡ Ýóáóæú ÍóáóÝó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúÍóÈóåõ ÍóäöËó ÈöáóÍúÙóÉò.
æóíóÔúãóáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÇáúÃóÍúÑóÇÑó æóÇáúãóæóÇáöíó¡ ÇáÐøõßõæÑó æóÇáúÅöäóÇËó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÌöäúÓõ. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö ÈöÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÖøóÑöíÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÖóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ßóÇÈúäö Ãõãøö ãóßúÊõæãò æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ ãóÚúÏõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÊóÑóÏøõÏò. æóáöÐóÇ ÚóÈøóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÇááøöÞóÇÁö ÈóÏóáó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö. æóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÆöí ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóßóÐóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ áóßóÇäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áóÍóÙó ÔõãõæáóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö ; ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö äóæúÝóáò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú Íóäøóßóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÏóÚóÇ áóåõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÇáúãóæúáõæÏö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö ÈöËóáóÇËóÉö(4/79)
ÃóÔúåõÑò æóÃóíøóÇãò¡ Ýóåõæó æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÕöÍøó äöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÕóÏóÞó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÑóÂåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíúËöíøóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð. æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÔóì ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöãøóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÓøóÝóÇÞõÓöíøö ÔóÇÑöÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ËóÚúáóÈóÉó Èúäö ÕõÚóíúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ãóÓóÍó æóÌúåóåõ ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÚóÞóáó Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÚóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ßóáöãóÉð ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÝóÖöíáóÉñ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáØøóÈóÞóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó. æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøõ ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: áóÇ ÕõÍúÈóÉó áóåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÑõÄúíóÉó¡ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ. æóåõæó Åöäú Óóáöãó ÇáúÍõßúãõ áöÍóÏöíËöåöãú ÈöÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚñ¡ Ýóåõæó ÝöíãóÇ äóÝóÇåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÌõãúåõæÑö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÝóÊúÍö) : Åöäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ãóÑóÇÓöíáõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÌóÇÑöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÈóíúäó ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇíöíäöíøö æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÏøö ÇáúãóÑóÇÓöíáö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ãóÑóÇÓöíáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ áóÇ íóÌúÑöí Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö åóÄõáóÇÁö ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÇÏöíËóåõãú ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÑóÇÓöíáó ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÑóÇÓöíáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. ÞóÇáó: æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõáúÛóÒõ Èöåö ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ ÍóÏöíËõåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõåõ ãóäú íóÞúÈóáõ ãóÑóÇÓöíáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáöÃóÌúáö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÚóÏøö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒöíäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí äóÓóÞò¡ æóåõãú: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÞõÍóÇÝóÉó ; ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãóÚó ãóÇ íõáóÇÆöãõåõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåöãú ãóäú ÑóÂåõ æóÂãóäó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ; áöÃóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈõÚöËó Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóåõãú ãõßóáøóÝõæäó¡ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÚõÕóÇÉõ æóÇáØøóÇÆöÚõæäó ; æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞúÖöíóÉö ãöäó (ÇáúãõÍóáøóì) :(4/80)
ÞóÏú ÃóÚúáóãóäóÇ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøó äóÝóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÂãóäõæÇ æóÓóãöÚõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ýóåõãú ÕóÍóÇÈóÉñ ÝõÖóáóÇÁõ. æóÍöíäóÆöÐò íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÐößúÑõ ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊó áöÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö ÊóÎúÑöíÌóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÈóÚúÖö ãóäú ÚóÑóÝóåõ ãöäúåõãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÊóäöÏú Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÍõÌøóÉò.
æóåóáú íóÏúÎõáõ ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ãóíøöÊðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÏúÝóäó¿ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÈöí ÐõÄóíúÈò ÇáúåõÐóáöíøö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö Åöäú ÕóÍøó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÒøõ Èúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó: áóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÍóáøõ äóÙóÑò. æóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÏøõÎõæáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÚõÏøó ãóäö ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóäú íóÑóì ÌóÓóÏóåõ ÇáúãõßóÑøóãó æóåõæó Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö ÇáúãõÚóÙøóãö æóáóæú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ßõÔöÝó áóåõ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö ÝóÑóÂåõ ßóÐóáößó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúßóÑóÇãóÉö ; ÅöÐú ÍõÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó áöãóäú ÑóÂåõ ÞóÈúáó ÏóÝúäöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÓúÊóãöÑøõ ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ÏõäúíóæöíøóÉð¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉñ¡ áóÇ ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁó ÃóÍúíóÇÁñ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉó Èöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÞóÊúáö ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ Úóáóì Óõäóäö ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÊóì. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÓóÈóÞóåõ ÔóíúÎõåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ÝóãóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö æóåõæó Íóíøñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ Úóáøóáóåõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÖöíøò ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇäúÞóØóÚóÊö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ ÈöæóÝóÇÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóáöÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉó Åöáóì ÍößóÇíóÊöåö ãóÚó ÅöÈúåóÇãö ÞóÇÆöáöåö ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöíåö æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÍóáøõ ÈóÍúËò æóÊóÃóãøõáò. Èóáú ÃóÖúÑóÈó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ äóÝúÓõåõ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö Èöåö ãõÞúÊóÕöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÑõÌõæÚñ ãöäúåõ Úóäúåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóáóÇÆöíøõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäú íõÚúØóì Íõßúãó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ; áöÔóÑóÝö ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ãöäú(4/81)
ÑõÄúíóÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÈúáó ÏóÝúäöåö æóÕóáóÇÊöåö Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäú ÚóÏøö ÇáúãõÚóÇÕöÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÑóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ Ýöíåöãú¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí æõáöÏó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÏúÑõ ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøõ: ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö äóÚóãú ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó áöãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑóåõ¡ íóÚúäöí Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøóÝúäö Ãóæúáóì. æóÌóÒóãó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÚóÏøõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ; áöÍõÕõæáö ÔóÑóÝö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö áóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÇÊóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÌúÑöíÏö. æóãóÇ ÌóäóÍó Åöáóíúåö ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ãöäú ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÚóÏóãö ÏõÎõæáöåö ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóåõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíõÒóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö: ÞóÈúáó ÇäúÊöÞóÇáöåö ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
æóßóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ãóäú ÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ; ßóãóÇ ÌóÒóãó Èöåö ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ Ëõãøó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÌöÈó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö. Èóáú ÌóÒóãó ÇáúÈõáúÞöíäöíøõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÏõÎõæáö ãóäú ÑóÂåõ áóíúáóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö¡ íóÚúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Úóáóíúåöãö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöãøóäú áóãú íóÈúÑõÒú Åöáóì ÚóÇáóãö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóíúÏö ÏóÎóáó Ýöíåöãú ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúíóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ; æóáöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÌúÑöíÏöåö¡ æóÊóÈöÚóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÈöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Èößóæúäöåö ÑõÝöÚó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÍóíøðÇ¡ æóÈößóæúäöåö íóäúÒöáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóíóÞúÊõáõ ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó æóíóÍúßõãõ ÈöÔóÑöíÚóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÝóÈöåóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËö íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÌóÚóáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÏõÎõæáó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Ýöíåöãú ãóÈúäöíøðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ åóáú ßóÇäó ãóÈúÚõæËðÇ Åöáóíúåöãú Ãóãú áóÇ¿ æóÚóáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÔóì ÇáúÍóáöíãöíøõ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÔøõÚóÈö. Èóáú äóÞóáó ÇáúÝóÎúÑõ ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí (ÃóÓúÑóÇÑö ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö) ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ æóÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáäøóÓóÝöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóäõæÒöÚóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó. æóÑóÌøóÍó ÇáÊøóÞöíøõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøõ ãõÞóÇÈöáóåõ ; ãõÍúÊóÌøðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóØõæáõ ÔóÑúÍõåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÝöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÈöäóÇÁö ÏõÎõæáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö äóÙóÑñ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì. æóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÙóÇåöÑñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ; ÍóíúËõ ãóÔóì Úóáóì ÇáúÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö.(4/82)
æóåóáú íóÏúÎõáõ ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ãöäú ãõÄúãöäöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö ; ßóÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö äõÝóíúáò ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «Åöäøóåõ íõÈúÚóËõ ÃõãøóÉð æóÍúÏóåõ» ) ¿ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ: áóÇ. æóÈöåö ÌóÒóãó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí (ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö) ¡ æóÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúãóÇÖöí: Èöåö ; áöíõÎúÑöÌóåõ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöãøóäú áóÞöíóåõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö. Úóáóì Ãóäøó áöÞóÇÆöáö ÇÏøöÚóÇÁó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö Èöåö ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö æóÕúÝö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ íõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇãöáö. åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÔóíúÎóäóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÑúÌóãó áóåõ Ýöí ÅöÕóÇÈóÊöåö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöáúÈóÛóæöíøö æóÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÊóÑúÌóãó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö áöáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇÈúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Èóáú æóáöáØøóÇåöÑö æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÃóÎóæóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäó ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö.
æóãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó áóåõãú ÑõÄúíóÉñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÃóÎóÇåõãõ ÇáØøóíøöÈó Ýöí ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäúåóÇ. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ æóÞóÏú ÌóÒóãó åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö ÈöÃóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö æóÇáØøóÇåöÑó æóÇáØøóíøöÈó æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáØøóÇåöÑõ æóÇáØøóíøöÈõ áóÞóÈóÇäö.
Ëõãøó åóáú íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ãõÄúãöäðÇ Èöåö Ãóäú ÊóÞóÚó ÑõÄúíóÊõåõ áóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö ÝóíõÄúãöäõ Èöåö Íöíäó íóÑóÇåõ¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¿ Ãóæú íóßúÝöí ßóæúäõåõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíõÈúÚóËõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÍöíÑóÇ ÇáÑøóÇåöÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¿ .
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÍóáøõ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáò. æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÍöíÑóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ æóÑóÞóÉõ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóãú íóÌúÒöãú ÈöÕõÍúÈóÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ áóåõ äóÙóÑñ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúÍó ÇáäøõÎúÈóÉö ÙóÇåöÑõåõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝö Èöãóäú áóãú íõÏúÑößö ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóæúáõåõ: (Èöåö) ¡ åóáú íõÎúÑöÌõ ãóäú áóÞöíóåõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÓóíõÈúÚóËõ æóáóãú íõÏúÑößö ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉó¿ Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ. æóÎóÑóÌó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ãõÓúáöãðÇ¡ ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ áóßöäú ÍóÇáó ßóæúäöåö ßóÇÝöÑðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóÓúáóãó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö Ãóãú ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóÚõÏøõæÇ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÖúÑóãöíäó¡ æóãóÑóÇÓöíáõåõãú íóØúÑõÞõåóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóÓúãõæÚóÉð áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Íöíäó ÑõÄúíóÊöåöãú áóåõ. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÎóÑøóÌó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÓõæáö ÞóíúÕóÑó¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÍóÇáö ßõÝúÑöåö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÊóÑúÌóãó ÇÈúäõ ÝóÊúÍõæäò Ýöí Ðóíúáöåö áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÕóíøóÇÏò Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú åõæó ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøó æóÛóíúÑóåõ ÊóÑúÌóãó áóåõ åóßóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó ÈóÚúÏóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. äóÚóãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚóÏøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ Èöåö Òóãóäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö¡ Åöäú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßõÔöÝó áóåõ Ýöí áóíúáóÊöåö Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóäú(4/83)
Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÑóÂåõ¡ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóáúÞóåõ ; áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóíóÑöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ Èöåö Ëõãøó ÇÑúÊóÏøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó æóáóãú íóÚõÏú Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ ; ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÌóÍúÔò æóãöÞúíóÓö Èúäö ÕõÈóÇÈóÉó æóÇÈúäö ÎóØóáò¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóíõÒóÇÏõ Ýöíåö: æóãóÇÊó Úóáóì Ðóáößó. Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãõ ÇäúÊóÒóÚó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ãóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó ãõÑúÊóÏøðÇ¡ ÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöÇáúÎóÇÊöãóÉö¡ ÕöÍøóÉó ÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóãú íóÑóåõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ. áóßöäøó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇäúÊöÒóÇÚö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÖóãøóäó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÇáúãóÍóáøöíøö ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ÈöãóæúÊöåö ãõÄúãöäðÇ ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉó ÇáöÇäúÊöÒóÇÚö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Íöíäó ÑõÄúíóÇåõ ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÏóÇÑõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÝóíõÓóãøóì ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÞóíúÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö. æóãóÇ æóÞóÚó áöÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö ãöäú ÐößúÑöåö ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó Èúäö ÎóáóÝò ÇáúÌõãóÍöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóäú ÃóÓúáóãó Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÔóåöÏó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÌøóÉó ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ æóÍóÏøóËó Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÍöÞóåõ ÇáúÎöÐúáóÇäõ ÝóáóÍöÞó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáÑøõæãö æóÊóäóÕøóÑó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÔóíúÁò ÃóÛúÖóÈóåõ¡ íõãúßöäõ ÊóæúÌöíåõåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ÞöÕøóÉö ÇÑúÊöÏóÇÏöåö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ãóÇ äóÕøõåõ: æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ÍóÏöíËò ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ - íóÚúäöí ãõØúáóÞðÇ - Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãõÔúßöáñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ áóãú íóÞöÝú Úóáóì ÞöÕøóÉö ÇÑúÊöÏóÇÏöåö¡ Ýóáóæö ÇÑúÊóÏøó Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóßöäú áóãú íóÑóåõ ËóÇäöíðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÚóæúÏöåö. ÝóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúÏõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; áöÅöØúÈóÇÞö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Úóáóì ÚóÏøö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóËö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò æóäóÍúæöåö ; ßóÞõÑøóÉó Èúäö åõÈóíúÑóÉó¡ ãöãøóäú æóÞóÚó áóåõ Ðóáößó Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÒóæøóÌó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÃõÎúÊóåõ áöáúÃóÔúÚóËö. æóÞöíáó: áóÇ ; ÅöÐö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÞúØóÚõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó æóÝóÖúáóåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáÑøöÏøóÉõ ÊõÍúÈöØõ ÇáúÚóãóáó ÚöäúÏó ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ; ßóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó. Èóáú äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ýöí (ÇáúÃõãøö) ¡ æóÅöäú Íóßóì ÇáÑøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Úóäúåõ ÊóÞúíöíÏóåõ ÈöÇÊøöÕóÇáöåóÇ ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö. æóÞóíøóÏó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóæúäóåõ Íöíäó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö ÈóÇáöÛðÇ(4/84)
ÚóÇÞöáðÇ¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøõ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÞõæáõæäó: ßõáøõ ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÍõáõãó ÝóÃóÓúáóãó æóÚóÞóáó ÃóãúÑó ÇáÏøöíäö æóÑóÖöíóåõ Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ãöãøóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð ãöäú äóåóÇÑò.
æóÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÈõáõæÛö - ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ - ÔóÇÐøñ¡ æóåõæó íõÎúÑöÌõ äóÍúæó ãóÍúãõæÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÞóáó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãóÌøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÎóãúÓö Óöäöíäó¡ ãóÚó ÚóÏøöåöãú ÅöíøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóáóãú íõÊóÚóÞøóÈú ÊóÞúíöíÏõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÇáúãõØúÈóÞö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇáúÈóÇáöÛõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ Ïõæäó ÑõÄúíóÊöåö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑõ ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ ÈöÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÃóÈóæóíúåö ; æóáöÐóÇ ÒöÏúÊõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö Èöåö áöÝóÞúÏöåö. äóÚóãú¡ ÇáúãõÊóÞóØøöÚõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåö ÈöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÂåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÅöÝóÇÞóÊöåö ; áöÅöÌúÑóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóíúåö ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ æóæóÕúÝöåö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÄóËøöÑö ÇáúÎóáóáõ Ýöí ÅöÝóÇÞóÊöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ßóæúäõåõ ãõãóíøöÒðÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(æóÞöíáó) : Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßúÝöí Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ (Åöäú ØóÇáóÊú) ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóßóËõÑóÊú ãõÌóÇáóÓóÊõåõ ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóÈóÚö áóåõ æóÇáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõ. æóÈöåö ÌóÒóãó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÛö Ýöí (ÇáúÚõÏøóÉö) ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí áóÞöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó ãóÚóåõ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Ïõæäó ãóäú æóÝóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóÇäúÕóÑóÝó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÕóÇÍóÈóÉò æóáóÇ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Ýöí (ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö) : åõæó ãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ãõÌóÇáóÓóÊõåõ áóåõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóÈóÚö áóåõ æóÇáúÃóÎúÐö Úóäúåõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÈöÏõæäö ÞóÕúÏö ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö Ãóæú áóãú ÊóØõáú ßóÇáúæóÇÝöÏöíäó ÝóáóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúßöíóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ: åõæó ãóäú ÙóåóÑóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÕõÍúÈóÉõ ÇáúÞóÑöíäö ÞóÑöíäóåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÚóÏøó ãöäú ÃóÍúÒóÇÈöåö æóÎóÏóãöåö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáöíäó Èöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ (ÇáúæóÇÖöÍö) : æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÝõæÑóßó: åõæó ãóäú ÃóßúËóÑó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÊóåõ æóÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ; æóáöÐóáößó áóãú íõÚóÏøó ÇáúæóÇÝöÏõæäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ýöí ÂÎóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó¡ Èóáú ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÙóÝøóÑö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö íóÞóÚõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇááøõÛóÉõ. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÊóæóÓøóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ÑõÄúíóÉð ; áöÔóÑóÝö ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÍóíúËõ ÃóÚúØóæúÇ áößõáøö ãóäú ÑóÂåõ Íõßúãó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ãóäú ÃóØóÇáó ãõÌóÇáóÓóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Ãóíú: ÇáúãõÌóÇáóÓö.
æóãóÇ(4/85)
ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ØóÑöíÞóÉñ áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóÌõãúåõæÑõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö. æóßóÐóÇ ÏóÚúæóÇåõ Ðóáößó áõÛóÉð íóÑõÏøõåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøö Úóäúåõãú ÈöÏõæäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ - íóÚúäöí ÅöíÌóÇÈó Íõßúãö ÇááøõÛóÉö - ÅöÌúÑóÇÁõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ÕóÍöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóæú ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÑøóÑó áöáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÚõÑúÝñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõæäóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöíãóäú ßóËõÑóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ æóÇÊøóÕóáó áöÞóÇÄõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÌúÑõæäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóäú áóÞöíó ÇáúãóÑúÁó ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ æóãóÔóì ãóÚóåõ ÎõØðÇ¡ æóÓóãöÚó ãöäúåõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó áöÐóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÑöíó Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú åóÐóÇ ÍóÇáõåõ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÕóäöíÚõ ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúíö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ Ýöí ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò: áóåõ ÑõÄúíóÉñ æóáóíúÓóÊú áóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉñ. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚóÇÕöãñ ÇáúÃóÍúæóáõ Ýöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóÑúÌöÓó. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì ÇáÓøóíóáóÇäöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Ýöí (ÇáØøóÈóÞóÇÊö) ÈöÓóäóÏò ÌóíøöÏò: ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóäóÓò: ÃóÃóäúÊó ÂÎöÑõ ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí Ùóäøöåö: (ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÂÎöÑõåõãú) .
áóßöäú ÞóÏú íõÌóÇÈõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÕõÍúÈóÉò ÎóÇÕøóÉò áóíúÓóÊú áöÊöáúßó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõØóÇÈöÞõ áöáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö. æóßóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÝóì ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó æóãóäú ÃõÔöíÑó Åöáóíúåöãú ÕõÍúÈóÉð ÎóÇÕøóÉð Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ Èöåö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ãöäú ÎöØóÇÈöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí» ) ¡ ãóÑúÏõæÏñ ÈöÃóäøó äóåúíó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Úóäú ÓóÈøö ÂÎóÑó áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó Çáúãóäúåöíøõ Úóäö ÇáÓøóÈøö ÛóíúÑó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò¡ ÝóÇáúãóÚúäóì: áóÇ íóÓõÈøó ÛóíúÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ æóáóÇ íóÓõÈøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ.
(æó) Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáò¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ (áóãú íõËóÈøóÊö)(4/86)
ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúíóÇÁö ÇáúãõËóäøóÇÉö ãöäú ÊóÍúÊõ¡ æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÇáúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÊõæÍóÉö ; Ãóíú: áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáËøóÈúÊó ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö. Ëõãøó Åöäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí áóãú íóÖúÈõØú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáØøõæáó ÈöÞóÏúÑò ãõÚóíøóäò ; ßóãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ áóßöäú Íóßóì ÔóÇÑöÍõ ÇáúÈóÒúÏóæöíøö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÊóÍúÏöíÏóåõ ÈöÓöÊøóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò.
(æóÞöíáó) : ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ (ãóäú ÃóÞóÇãó) ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - (ÚóÇãðÇ) Ãóæú ÚóÇãóíúäö¡ (æóÛóÒóÇ ãóÚúåõ) ÛóÒúæóÉð Ãóæú ÛóÒúæóÊóíúäö¡ (æóÐóÇ áöÜ) ÓóÚöíÏö (ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö) ÈößóÓúÑö ÇáúíóÇÁö æóÝóÊúÍöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÔúåóÑõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áöãóÇ Íõßöíó Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ãöäú ßóÑóÇåóÊöåö áöáúÝóÊúÍö. (ÚóÒóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóÃóÓúäóÏóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕö Èúäõ ÔóÇåöíäó¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáÐøóíúáö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: æóßóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÐóÇ Åöäú ÕóÍøó Úóäúåõ ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÍúßöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÑóÊöåö ÖöíÞñ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚóÏøó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÌóÑöíÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøõ æóãóäú ÔóÇÑóßóåõ Ýöí ÝóÞúÏö ÙóÇåöÑö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóØóåõ Ýöíåöãú ãöãøóäú áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÚóÏøöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÊóæóÞøõÝöåö Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò: (Ãóæú ÛóÒóÇ ãóÚóåõ ÛóÒúæóÉð Ãóæú ÛóÒúæóÊóíúäö) ¡ ÈöÜ (Ãóæú) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÔúÈóåõ Ýöí ÊóÑúÌöíÚöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ÇáËøóÇäöí.
æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÞõæáõæäó ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó ÌóÑöíÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÅöÓúáóÇãóåõ ÞóÈúáó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÔúåõÑò Ãóæú äóÍúæöåóÇ. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö¡ ÝóÝöí (ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) áöáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÞóÇáó: (ÈóÚóËóäöí ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÅöËúÑö ÇáúÚõÑóäöíøöíäó) . æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ áóßöäøó Ýöíåö(4/87)
ÇáÑøóÈóÐöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóÝöí (ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáúÃóæúÓóØö) áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇáó: ( «áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËóäöí ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóÊóíúÊõåõ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí: (íóÇ ÌóÑöíÑõ¡ áöÃóíøö ÔóíúÁò ÌöÆúÊóäóÇ¿) ÞõáúÊõ: áöÃõÓúáöãó Úóáóì íóÏóíúßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÝóÃóáúÞóì Åöáóíøó ßöÓóÇÁóåõ.» ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóÝöí ÓóäóÏöåö ÍõÕóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÃóÍúãóÓöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóáóæú ÕóÍøó áóßóÇäó ãóÊúÑõæßó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóíõÍúãóáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ; Ãóíú: áóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛóäóÇ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. Ãóæú Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÐúÝö ; Ãóíú: áóãøóÇ ÈõÚöËó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏöãó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÇÑóÈó ÞõÑóíúÔðÇ æóÛóíúÑóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÊóÍó ãóßøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó æóÝóÏóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæõÝõæÏõ. ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí (ÇáúßóÈöíÑö) ÈöáóÝúÙö: (ÝóÏóÚóÇäöí Åöáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÊõÞöíãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈóÉó¡ æóÊõÄóÏøöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉó) ¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÝõÑöÖóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö. æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÔóÑöíßò Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÌóÑöíÑò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «Åöäøó ÃóÎóÇßõãõ ÇáäøóÌóÇÔöíøó ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó» ) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóåóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÊóÎúÏöÔõ Ýöí ÌóÒúãö ÇáúæóÇÞöÏöíøö ÈöÃóäøóåõ æóÝóÏó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÔóåúÑö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÓóäóÉó ÚóÔúÑò ; áöÃóäøó æóÝóÇÉó ÇáäøóÌóÇÔöíøö ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÓóäóÉö ÚóÔúÑò. æóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó áóåõ Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö: (ÇÓúÊóäúÕöÊö ÇáäøóÇÓó) . æóÈöåö íõÑóÏøõ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÍóÌøóÉó ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúæóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ËóãóÇäöíäó íóæúãðÇ.
æóÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãóÚó Øõæáö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÐó¡ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö íóÍúíóì. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ËóÚúáóÈñ: Åöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ËöÞóÉò æóáóÇ ãóÃúãõæäò. æóÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ áöÃóÈöíåö ÈöíóÍúíóì ÊóÕúÍöíÝñ ãöäú ÈóÍúÑò¡ æóÚöÈóÇÑóÊõåõ: ÐóåóÈó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Åöáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓóãøóì Èöåö ãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó. æóÍóßóÇåõ(4/88)
ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóæúáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÚúÒõæøò áöÃóÍóÏò¡ áóßöäú ÈöÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö. æóÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóÑúÞñ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóáóãú ÃóÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó áöÛóíúÑö ÚóãúÑòæ. æóßóÃóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÃóÎóÐóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö.
æóÚóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: åõæó ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ æóáóãú íóÊóÚóáøóãú ãöäúåõ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÕøóíúãóÑöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö.
æóÚóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú: åõæó ãóäú ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ãóÚó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇÝõ ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó áóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäõ ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: åõæó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó Òóãóäóåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑóåõ. æóåõæó Þóæúáõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãöãøóäú ÏõÝöäó ; Ãóíú: ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöãøóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ æóáóãú íóÓúãóÚú ãöäúåõ: ÃóÈõæ Êóãöíãò ÇáúÌóíúÔóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÇáößò. æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÏøóæúáóÇÈöíøõ Ýöí Çáúßõäóì ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøöíóÑö. Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐößúÑõåõãóÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÅöÏúÑóÇßöåö ; áößóæúäö ÃóãúÑöåö ÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö¡ æóáóãú íóØøóáöÚóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÃóÎøõÑö ÞõÏõæãöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÕúÑöíÍö ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúãóÚú Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåõ. æóãöãøóäú Íóßóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÝöíøõ Ýöí (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÊøóäúÞöíÍö) . æóÚóáóíúåö Úóãóáõ ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí (ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö) æóÇÈúäö ãóäúÏóåú Ýöí (ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö) ; ÍóíúËõ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÕøóÛöíÑó ÇáúãóÍúßõæãó ÈöÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÃóÍóÏö ÃóÈóæóíúåö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞöÝóÇ áóåõ Úóáóì ÑõÄúíóÉò¡ æóßóÃóäøó ÍõÌøóÊóåõãóÇ ÊóæóÝøõÑõ åöãóãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑöÖúæóÇäõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú Úóáóì ÅöÍúÖóÇÑö ãóäú íõæáóÏõ áóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöíóÏúÚõæó áóåõ ; ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí äóÞúáõåõ ÈóÚúÏõ. Èóáú ÕóÑøóÍó ÃóæøóáõåõãóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÑóÇãó ÈöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊößúãóÇáó ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÑúäöí» ) . æóãöãøóÇ íõäóÈøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóäú åõæó ãöäúåõãú¡ Ãóæú ÅöÏúÎóÇáõ ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäúåõãú Ýöíåöãú ; ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.(4/89)
[Èöãó ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ]
[ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 40] ¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö Ýöí ÎóáúÞò¡ (Ãóæú Þóæúáö ÕóÇÍöÈò) ÂÎóÑó ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóÃóäú íóÌöíÁó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ áóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉñ ãóËóáðÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ ; ßóÞóæúáöåö: ßõäúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÝõáóÇäñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ Ãóæú ÏóÎóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú íõÚúÑóÝó ÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö. æóßóÐóÇ ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÂÍóÇÏö ËöÞóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí. æóÅöáóì ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑó ÃóÔóÇÑó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÕøóíúãóÑöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ãóÚó ÊóãúÑöíÖö ËóÇáöËöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏò ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÑðÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÇÔöÆó Úóäö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ãóæö ÇßúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøó ÇáäøóÇÔöÆó Úóäö ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóÞöíáó: íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑó ÈöÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ¡ íóÚúäöí ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ.
(æóáóæú ÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ) ; Ãóíú: ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ (æóåúæó) ÞóÈúáó ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ (ÚóÏúáñ ÞõÈöáóÇ) Þóæúáõåõ ; íóÚúäöí: Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍõ: ßóÃóäóÇ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåõ: ßóÓóãöÚúÊõ æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó æóÇÒöÚó ÇáúÚóÏúáö íóãúäóÚõåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö. åóßóÐóÇ ÃóØúáóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö æóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóåõ ; ßóÇáäøóæóæöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÇÈöÚñ áöáúÎóØöíÈö Ýöí (ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö) ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú íõÍúßóãõ Ýöí ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÕóÍöÈúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóßóËõÑó áöÞóÇÆöí áóåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ËöÞóÉð ÃóãöíäðÇ ãóÞúÈõæáó ÇáúÞóæúáö áöãóæúÖöÚö ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö æóÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÚúãóáõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞúØóÚú ÈöÐóáößó ; íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö. æóÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÞóÈúáñ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÊóËúÈõÊó ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ: ÃóäóÇ(4/90)
ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãó Ðóáößó¡ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ßõáøóåõãú ÚõÏõæáñ¡ ÝóíóÕöíÑõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ. æóáóßöäú Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøö ÊóÞúíöíÏõ Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÑöÏú Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑõÏøó Þóæúáõåõ. æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõ ãõÞóÏøóãñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÝöí¡ æóáóæú ÝõÑöÖó ßóæúäõ ÇáäøóÝúíö áöãóÍúÕõæÑò ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÇÏöÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóíøóÏóåõ åõæó æóÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ ÈöËõÈõæÊö ãõÚóÇÕóÑóÊöåö áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. æóÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö: Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ãóäú ÚóÇÕóÑóåõ: ÃóäóÇ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ¡ ãóÚó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö æóÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ. æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö: ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ ÞõÈöáó ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÑóÂåõ ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäò Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÏøóÚöíåö ÏóÚúæóì áóÇ ÃóãóÇÑóÉó ãóÚóåóÇ. æóáöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ: æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÞúíöíÏö ãóÇ ÃõØúáöÞó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇÏøöÚóÇÄõåõ áöÐóáößó íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ áóæö ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÖöíøö ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò ãöäú Íöíäö æóÝóÇÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ; áöÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö: ( «ÃóÑóÃóíúÊóßõãú áóíúáóÊóßõãú åóÐöåö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÃóÍóÏñ ãöãøóäú Úóáóì ÙóåúÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö» ) ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÇäúÎöÑóÇãó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóÑúäö. ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÓóäóÉö æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó æóÇÖöÍñ Ìóáöíøñ.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÔóíúÎöäóÇ: æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÚóÇÕóÑóÉõ¡ ÝóíõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÈöãõÖöíøö ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóÚóÔúÑö Óöäöíäó ãöäú åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ; áöÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÚõãúÑöåö áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö: ( «ÃóÑóÃóíúÊóßõãú áóíúáóÊóßõãú åóÐöåö ; ÝóÅöäøó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò ãöäúåóÇ áóÇ íóÈúÞóì Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöãøóäú åõæó Çáúíóæúãó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ» ) ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó. ÒóÇÏó ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ãóæúÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÔóåúÑò¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ: (ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóãõæÊó ÈöÔóåúÑò: ( «ÃõÞúÓöãõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú äóÝúÓò ãóäúÝõæÓóÉò Çáúíóæúãó ÊóÃúÊöí ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÓóäóÉò æóåöíó ÍóíøóÉñ íóæúãóÆöÐò» ) . ÞóÇáó: æóáöåóÐöåö ÇáäøõßúÊóÉö áóãú íõÕóÏøöÞö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÈóÚúÏó(4/91)
ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö. æóÞóÏö ÇÏøóÚóÇåóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÝóßóÐóÈõæÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÂÎöÑóåõãú ÑóÊóäñ ÇáúåöäúÏöíøõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ßóÐöÈõåõãú Ýöí ÏóÚúæóÇåõãú. ÇäúÊóåóì.
æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÏóÚúæóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÊóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõåóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÚóáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãóÍóáøóåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÊõáõÞøöíó ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö æóÍóÝøóÊúåõ ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ¡ æóáóãú íóÞõãú Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÑóÏøöåö.
æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÞóæúáóÇäö ÂÎóÑóÇäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóËúÈõÊõ ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ; áöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÑõÊúÈóÉð íõËúÈöÊõåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö. æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÃóÈóì ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ÕõÍúÈóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåõ ÍóÊøóì äóÚúáóãó ÕõÍúÈóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåóÇ ÝóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýóåõæó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö ÍóÊøóì äóÚúáóãó ÛóíúÑóåõ. æóÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÊõÚúáóãõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöØúÑöíÞò ÞóØúÚöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ¡ Ãóæú Ùóäøöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáËøöÞóÉö¡ ÞóÏú íõÔúÚöÑõ Èöåö.
æóÞóæøóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÎúÕó áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÏúáñ¡ áóãú íõÞúÈóáú ; áöÏóÚúæóÇåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö ãóÑúÊóÈóÉð¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¿ ! æóÃóÈúÏóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáðÇ ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÚóÇÕöÑõ ÇáúÚóÏúáõ: ÃóäóÇ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ¡ ÇÍúÊóãóáó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó¡ íóÚúäöí ÞóÈõæáðÇ æóãóäúÚðÇ¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞöÝú Úóáóì ÇáäøóÞúáö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö.
ËóÇäöíåöãóÇ: ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ Èóíúäó ãõÏøóÚöí ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÇáúíóÓöíÑóÉö ÝóíõÞúÈóáõ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ; ÅöÐú ÑõÈøóãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÖõÑõåõ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåö ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóæú ÑõÄúíóÊöåö áóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ. Ãóæö ÇáØøóæöíáóÉö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏö Ýöí ÇáÓøöÝúÑö æóÇáúÍóÖóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó íõÔóÇåóÏõ æóíõäúÞóáõ æóíóÔúÊóåöÑõ ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö.(4/92)
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ÞóÏú ÌóÒóãó ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÔóÑúØò¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÑúÍö. æóÞóæöíó Ðóáößó ÈöÊóÕóÑøõÝö ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌöåöãú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö Ýöí ãóÓóÇäöíÏöåöãú. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóáóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöí ÇäúÍöØóÇØö ÑõÊúÈóÉö ãóäú åóÐóÇ ÓóÈöíáõåõ Úóãøóäú ãóÖóì. ÞóÇáó: æóãöäú ÕõæóÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáÖøóÑúÈö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ãóËóáðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÓóãøóÇåõ Ãóãú áóÇ ; ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó ãöäú ÕóÍöíÍöåö: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí Óõäóíúäñ ÃóÈõæ ÌóãöíáóÉó¡ æóÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÎóÑóÌó ãóÚóåõ ÚóÇãó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö. ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÑóÌõáñ ãóËóáðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈößóÐóÇ¡ íóÚúäöí ÈöÇáúÚóäúÚóäóÉö¡ ÝóËõÈõæÊõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÈöÐóáößó ÈóÚöíÏñ ; áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö. æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ ÝóíóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáõ¡ Ãóæú ÕöÛóÇÑöåöãú ÝóíóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ ÇáÑøóÏøõ. æóãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýóáóãú íóÊóæóÞøóÝú ãóäú ÕóäøóÝó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóäú ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ãóäú åóÐóÇ ÓóÈöíáõåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú.
äóÚóãú¡ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ ÚóÏúáñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ãóæú ÊóÇÈöÚöíåöãú Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÔõÑøóÇÍö (ÇááøõãóÚö) : áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ Ýöíåö äóÞúáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãóÑóÇÓöíáõåõ ; áöÃóäøó Êöáúßó ÞóÖöíøóÉñ áóãú íóÍúÖõÑúåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ ÞóÈõæáõåõ ; ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö ãöäú ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò. æóßóÐóÇ ãóÇáó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÒøóÑúßóÔöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÞóÈõæáõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö ; ÅöãøóÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÑðÇ Ãóæö ÇßúÊöÓóÇÈðÇ. æóÅöáóíúåö íõÔöíÑõ ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÝóÇÏó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö áóåõ ÖóÇÈöØðÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÌóãúÚñ ßóËöíÑñ íõßúÊóÝóì Ýöíåöãú ÈöæóÕúÝò íóÊóÖóãøóäõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÕóÍóÇÈóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÂËóÇÑò: ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íõÄóãøöÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó¡ Ýóãóäú ÊóÊóÈøóÚó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö æóÇáúÝõÊõæÍö æóÌóÏó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúßóËöíÑó.
ËóÇäöíåóÇ: Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäó ÚóæúÝò ÞóÇáó: ( «ßóÇäó áóÇ íõæóáóÏõ áöÃóÍóÏò ãóæúáõæÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÏóÚóÇ áóåõ» ) . æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ.
ËóÇáöËõåóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÈöÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóáóÇ ÈöãóßøóÉó æóáóÇ ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö æóáóÇ ãóäú ÈóíúäóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö(4/93)
ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÔóåöÏó ÍóÌøóÉó ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö. Ýóãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ÇäúÏóÑóÌó Ýöíåöãú ; áöÍõÕõæáö ÑõÄúíóÊöåöãú áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑóåõãú åõæó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
[ÈóíóÇäõ ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö]
[Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 110] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ} [ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 143] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐú íõÈóÇíöÚõæäóßó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÝóÚóáöãó ãóÇ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú} [ÇáúÝóÊúÍö: 18] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú æóÑóÖõæÇ Úóäúåõ} [ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 100] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÍóÓúÈõßó Çááøóåõ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö: 64] ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áöáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäú ÏöíÇÑöåöãú æóÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú íóÈúÊóÛõæäó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑöÖúæóÇäðÇ æóíóäúÕõÑõæäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÃõæáóÆößó åõãõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõæäó} [ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 8] Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {Åöäøóßó ÑóÁõæÝñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÇáúÍóÔúÑö: 10] . Ýöí ÂíóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò íóØõæáõ ÐößúÑõåóÇ¡ æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÔóåöíÑóÉò íóßúËõÑõ ÊóÚúÏóÇÏõåóÇ. æóÌóãöíÚõ Ðóáößó íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÞóØúÚó ÈöÊóÚúÏöíáöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ãóÚó ÊóÚúÏöíáö Çááøóåö áóåõ Åöáóì ÊóÚúÏöíáö ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö.(4/94)
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóÑöÏú ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ýöíåöãú ÔóíúÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ áóÃóæúÌóÈóÊö ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ æóäõÕúÑóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÈóÐúáö ÇáúãõåóÌö æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö¡ æóÞóÊúáö ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúãõäóÇÕóÍóÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ ÇáúÞóØúÚó Úóáóì ÊóÚúÏöíáöåöãú¡ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏó áöäóÒóÇåóÊöåöãú¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÎóÇáöÝöíäó ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÇáúãõÚóÏøóáöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÌöíÆõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú. åóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ßóÇÝøóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóãóäú íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Þóæúáõåõ.
Ëõãøó ÃõÓúäöÏó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÑøÇÒöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íóäúÊóÞöÕõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ÒöäúÏöíÞñ ; æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÏøóì ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íóÌúÑóÍõæÇ ÔõåõæÏóäóÇ ; áöíõÈúØöáõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó. æóÇáúÌóÑúÍõ Èöåöãú Ãóæúáóì¡ æóåõãú ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉõ. ÇäúÊóåóì. æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÝóÕúáñ ÍóÓóäñ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí ÑóÌøóÍóåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ÚõãõæãõåóÇ Ýöí ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóÎóÕøóåóÇ ÂÎóÑõæäó ÈöÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. Èóáú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ æóÇÑöÏóÉñ Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ãöäúåóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ Ýóåöíó ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ãöäúåõãú ÍöíäóÆöÐò¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÅöáúÍóÇÞõ ÛóíúÑöåöãú Èöåöãú ãöãøóäú ÔóÇÑóßóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúæóÕúÝö. æóßóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ} [ÇáããÊÍäÉ: 4] ¡ æóãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ: ( «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö» ) ¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäó ÇáúÌöÏøö Ýöí ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö.
ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóËöíÑóÉñ¡ Ýóãöäú ÃóÏóáøöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÛóÝøóáò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «Çááøóåó Çááøóåó Ýöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæåõãú ÛóÑóÖðÇ¡ Ýóãóäú(4/95)
ÃóÍóÈøóåõãú ÝóÈöÍõÈøöí ÃóÍóÈøóåõãú¡ æóãóäú ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõãú ÝóÈöÈõÛúÖöí ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõãú¡ æóãóäú ÂÐóÇåõãú ÝóÞóÏú ÂÐóÇäöí¡ æóãóäú ÂÐóÇäöí ÝóÞóÏú ÂÐóì Çááøóåó¡ æóãóäú ÂÐóì Çááøóåó ÝóíõæÔößõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐóåõ» ) .
æóÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÍóÏöíËó ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö: ( «æóáóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöËúáó ÃõÍõÏò ÐóåóÈðÇ ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ äóÕöíÝóåõ» ) ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö. æóåõæó Åöäú æóÑóÏó Úóáóì ÓóÈóÈò¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò ÔóíúÁñ¡ ÝóÓóÈøóåõ ÎóÇáöÏñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. . . æóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ÎóÕøóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Èöãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ æóÞóÇÊóáó ãóÚóåõ æóÃóäúÝóÞó æóåóÇÌóÑó¡ ÝóÇáúÚöÈúÑóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÈöÚõãõæãö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ áóÇ ÈöÎõÕõæÕö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ åõäóÇ.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ; áöáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÍöÝúÙö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö Úóäú Ðóáößó. æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÕúÝó áóåõãú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÓóÈøñ¡ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóÞóÏú äóåóì - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈóÚúÖó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ æóÕóÍöÈóåõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÚóÑøõÖö áöãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ ; áöÔõåõæÏö ÇáúãóæóÇÞöÝö ÇáúÝóÇÖöáóÉö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöÌóãöíÚöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì. æóÍóÏöíËõ: ( «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÑúäöí» ) ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò¡ ÍóÊøóì ÈóÇáóÛó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÝóÊóãóÓøóßó Èöåö áöÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäúåõãú ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæãó ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ ; áöÞóæúáöåö Ýöíåö: ( «Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäóåõãú» ) . æóåõæó Ýöíåöãú ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö. æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÞóÑúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ýöíåö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃõØúáöÞó ÇáúÞóÑúäõ Úóáóì ãõÏøóÉò ãöäó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáñ¡ ÃóÏúäóÇåóÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÃóÚúæóÇãò¡ æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó¡ æóÚóáóíúåö íóäúØóÈöÞõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÂÎöÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóæúÊðÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ Åöäö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúãõÏøóÉõ ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ãóæú Ïõæäóåõ Ãóæú ÝóæúÞóåõ ÈöÞóáöíáò Úóáóì ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí æóÝóÇÉö ÃóÈöí ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ãóÔóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÑúäó ãöÇÆóÉñ ßóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ¡ Èóáú æóÞóÚó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ áóåõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò áöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈõÓúÑò ÚöäúÏó ãõÓúáöãò¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ãöäú ãóæúÊöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.(4/96)
æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäú ÈóåúÒö Èúäö Íóßöíãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ( «ÃóäúÊõãú ÊõæÝõæäó ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÃõãøóÉð¡ ÃóäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑõåóÇ æóÃóßúÑóãõåóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó» ) ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
æóÚóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -: ( «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí Úóáóì ÇáËøóÞóáóíúäö Óöæóì ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó» ) . ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ÈöÓóäóÏò ÑöÌóÇáõåõ ãõæóËøóÞõæäó.
æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö åóÇÔöãò ÇáØøõæÓöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö æóÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÕúØóÝóì} [Çáäøóãúáö: 59] ¡ ÞóÇáó: åõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãõÍóãøóÏò - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -. Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóØõæáõ ÅöíÑóÇÏõåõ. æóãöãøóäú Íóßóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú ÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÚóáøó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõãú äóÞóáóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú ËóÈóÊó ÊóæóÞøõÝñ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú áóÇäúÍóÕóÑóÊö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -¡ æóáóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÑúÓóáóÊú Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö.
æóäóÍúæõåõ Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóÒúãò: ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ãöäúßõãú ãóäú ÃóäúÝóÞó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÞóÇÊóáó ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóäúÝóÞõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏõ æóÞóÇÊóáõæÇ æóßõáøðÇ æóÚóÏó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍõÓúäóì æóÇááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ÎóÈöíÑñ} [ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 10] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÓóÈóÞóÊú áóåõãú ãöäøóÇ ÇáúÍõÓúäóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÚóäúåóÇ ãõÈúÚóÏõæäó} [ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 101] . ÞóÇáó: ÝóËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ; áöÃóäøóåõãõ ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈõæäó ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö. ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö íõÎúÑöÌõ ãóäú áóãú íóÊøóÕöÝú ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäò} [ÇáÊæÈÉ: 100] ¡ íõÎúÑöÌõ ãóäú áóãú íóÊøóÕöÝú ÈöÐóáößó. ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏóÇÊö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãóÎúÑóÌó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ: ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöÇáúÅöäúÝóÇÞö æóÇáúÞöÊóÇáö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú(4/97)
ÇáúÞõæøóÉö. æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúßöíóÇ ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Úóáóíúåö ßóÇÝøóÉó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: åõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÎóáóÝö. æóÍóßóì ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ÞóæúáðÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýöí áõÒõæãö ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÞóÖöíøóÉõ ßóáóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö¡ Þóæúáñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóæóÍúÔöíøñ ÞóÊóáó ÍóãúÒóÉó æóáóåõ ÕõÍúÈóÉñ¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÎóãúÑó. ÞõáúäóÇ: ãóäú ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö áóÇ íóÞóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÍóÇÈöíøò¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÊöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÚóÌöíÈñ¡ ÝóÇáúßõáøõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞò¡ æóÞóÊúáõ æóÍúÔöíøò áöÍóãúÒóÉò ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöãøóäú ÐõßöÑó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÝøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ãöäú áóÚúäö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «áóÇ ÊóáúÚóäúåõ ; ÝóæóÇááøóåö ãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ» ) . ßóãóÇ ßóÝøó ÚõãóÑó Úóäú ÍóÇØöÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: ( «Åöäøóåõ ÔóåöÏó ÈóÏúÑðÇ¡ æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßó áóÚóáøó Çááøóåó ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÚúãóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊõãú ; ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áóßõãú» ) . áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ æóåõãú ãõÎúáöÕõæäó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ ÕóÏóÑó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ßóÝøóÇÑóÇÊñ. Èóáú Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÊóÚóÕøóÈõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÔóåöÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö.
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ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóäúÈóÇÑöíøö: æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøõåóãö ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö áóåõãú¡ æóÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÞóÈõæáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóßóáøõÝò ÈöÈóÍúËò Úóäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóØóáóÈö ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Åöäú ËóÈóÊó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈõ ÞóÇÏöÍò¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú Ðóáößó æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÍóÊøóì íóËúÈõÊó ÎöáóÇÝõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊó Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøöíóÑö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ æóãóÇ ÕóÍøó Ýóáóåõ ÊóÃúæöíáñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó Þóæúáó ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: Êöáúßó ÏöãóÇÁñ ØóåøóÑó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ ÓõíõæÝóäóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÎóÖøöÈú ÈöåóÇ ÃóáúÓöäóÊóäóÇ. æóáóÇ ÚöÈúÑóÉó ÈöÑóÏøö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÇÊö ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÊóÚúáöíáöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò ; ÝóÞóÏú ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöÑóÃúíöåö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÓúáö ËóáóÇËðÇ ãöäú æõáõæÛö ÇáúßóáúÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóæóáøóÇåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÇáúæöáóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúÌóÓöíãóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò áóåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉò: (ÃóÝúÊöåö íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ; ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßó ãõÚúÖöáóÉñ) . ÝóÃóÝúÊóì¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì ÝõÊúíóÇåõ. æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑö Ýöí Ðóíúáöåö Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøó íóÞõæáõ: ßõäøóÇ Ýöí ÍóáúÞóÉò ÈöÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÔóÇÈøñ ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøñ ÍóäóÝöíøñ ÝóØóÇáóÈó ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÕóÑøóÇÉö¡ ÝóÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇáúãõÏóÑøöÓõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÈøõ: Åöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí: ÝóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÊóãøó ßóáóÇãóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÓóÞóØóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÍóíøóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ ãöäú ÓóÞúÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö¡ ÝóåóÑóÈó ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÊóÈöÚóÊúåõ Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: ÊõÈú¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÊõÈúÊõ.(4/101)
ÝóÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáúÍóíøóÉõ æóáóãú íõÑó áóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÃóËóÑñ.
æóíóÊóÎóÑøóÌõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ¡ æóåöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö: Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõ ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉõ ÈöÊóÚúíöíäöåö ; áöËõÈõæÊö ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú.
æóÎóÇáóÝó ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú ÝóÞóÇáó: ãöäú Íõßúãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ ; ßóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóåóÇáóÉö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÕóÇÑó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ æóÇÍúÊõÌøó Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Èóäóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ÕóÍöíÍóíúåöãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍúÑõÝðÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó ÃóãúÑõåóÇ. æóíõÓóãøöí ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ãöËúáó Ðóáößó ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÑúÏõæÏñ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò ÇáÏøóÈõæÓöíøõ: ÇáúãóÌúåõæáõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Åöäú Úóãöáó Èöåö ÇáÓøóáóÝõ Ãóæú ÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäú ÑóÏøöåö ãóÚó ÇäúÊöÔóÇÑöåö Èóíúäóåõãú. ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóäúÊóÔöÑú¡ ÝóÅöäú æóÇÝóÞó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó Úõãöáó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÑúÊóÈóÉö Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÝóÞöíåðÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò ÍõÌøóÉñ ãóÇ áóãú íõÎóÇáöÝö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó¡ æóÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãóÌúåõæáö ãóÑúÏõæÏñ ãóÇ áóãú íõÄóíøöÏúåõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ; áöíóÞóÚó ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ãóäú ÙóåóÑóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ æóãóäú áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú.
[ÇáúãõßúËöÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö]
[ÇáúãõßúËöÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö] ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ýöí ÇáúãõßúËöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÑöæóÇíóÉð æóÅöÝúÊóÇÁð. (æóÇáúãõßúËöÑõæäó) ãöäúåõãú ÑöæóÇíóÉð ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÒóÇÏó ÍóÏöíËõåõãú Úóáóì ÃóáúÝò (ÓöÊøóÉõ) ¡ æóåõãú: (ÃóäóÓñ) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ æó (ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó) ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÃõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ (ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞóÉõ) ÇÈúäóÉõ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö¡ æó (ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ) ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÓõãøöíó ÈóÍúÑðÇ ; áöÓóÚóÉö Úöáúãöåö æóßóËúÑóÊöåö¡ æóãöãøóäú ÓóãøóÇåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÔøóÚúËóÇÁö ÌóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãöãøóäú ÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò: æóÃóÈóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æó (ÌóÇÈöÑñ) åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æó (ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉö) ¡ æóåõæó ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚò ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Çáäøóæóæöíøõ (ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú) ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇÈúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÊóÈöÚóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÚóÑøöÖò áöÊóÑúÊöíÈö ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ Ýöí(4/102)
ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíøóÉö. æóÇáøóÐöí íóÏõáøõ áöÐóáößó ãóÇ äõÓöÈó áöÈóÞöíøö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏò ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÏóÚóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ßóãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÔóíúÎõäóÇ áóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñóæóì áöÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÎóãúÓóÉó ÂáóÇÝò æóËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð æóÓöÊøöíäó¡ æóáöÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÃóáúÝóíúäö æóÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó¡ æóáöÃóäóÓò ÃóáúÝóíúäö æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö æóÓöÊøóÉð æóËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóáóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóáúÝóíúäö æóãöÇÆóÊóíúäö æóÚóÔóÑóÉð¡ æóáöÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃáúÝðÇ æóÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó¡ æóáöÌóÇÈöÑò ÃóáúÝðÇ æóÎóãúÓóãöÇÆóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó. æóáóåõãú ÓóÇÈöÚñ äóÈøóåó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ¡ ÝóÑóæóì áóåõ ÈóÞöíøñ ÃóáúÝðÇ æóãöÇÆóÉð æóÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú äóÙóãóåõ ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò äöÓúÈóÉð áöÎõÏúÑóÉö ÓóÇÈöÚõåõãú Ãõåúãöáó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÕöíÏóÉö.
æóßóÐóÇ ÃóÏúÑóÌó ÇÈúäõ ßóËöíÑò Ýöí ÇáúãõßúËöÑöíäó ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò æóÇÈúäó ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúáõÛú ÍóÏöíËõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÈóÞöíøò ÃóáúÝðÇ ; ÅöÐú ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóæøóáöåöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ËóãóÇäöãöÇÆóÉò æóËóãóÇäöíóÉñ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó¡ æóËóÇäöíåöãóÇ ÓóÈúÚõãöÇÆóÉò. æóÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó áóåõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÍóÏöíËðÇ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö áóÇ íóÎúÏöÔõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁõ ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃõÌöíÈó ÈöÃóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóÛöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÛóÇáöåö ÈöÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö¡ ÝóÞóáøóÊö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ãõÞóÇãöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÝõÊõæÍö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö ßóÇäó ÈöãöÕúÑó Ãóæú ÈöÇáØøóÇÆöÝö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÑøöÍúáóÉõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ãöãøóäú íóØúáõÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ßóÇáÑøöÍúáóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö.
æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãõÊóÕóÏøöíðÇ ÝöíåóÇ áöáúÝóÊúæóì æóÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó ; Ãóæú áöÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇÎúÊõÕøó ÈöÏóÚúæóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íóäúÓóì ãóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõåõ Èöåö¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÔóÑóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö.(4/103)
æóÇáúãõßúËöÑõæäó ãöäúåõãú ÅöÝúÊóÇÁð ÓóÈúÚóÉñ: ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóÚóáöíøñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò¡ æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò: íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÌúãóÚó ãöäú ÝõÊúíóÇ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãõÌóáøóÏñ ÖóÎúãñ. (æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ) ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò (Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ) ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßõáøöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö (ÝóÊúæóì) ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó ßöÈóÇÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö íõÍöíáõæäó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúæóì¡ æóßóíúÝó áóÇ æóÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇ áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ( «Çááøóåõãøó Úóáøöãúåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó» ) ¡ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò: ( «Çááøóåõãøó ÝóÞøöåúåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÚóáøöãúåõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó» ) ¡ æóÝöí ÂÎóÑó: ( «Çááøóåõãøó Úóáøöãúåõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉó æóÊóÃúæöíáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö» ) ¡ æóÝöí ÂÎóÑó: ( «Çááøóåõãøó ÈóÇÑößú Ýöíåö æóÇäúÔõÑú ãöäúåõ» ) ¿ ! æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: åõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑóÉó: ÞóÏöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö æóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãöËúáõåõ ÍóÔóãðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóÈóíóÇäðÇ æóÌóãóÇáðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: (áóæú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÃóÓúäóÇäóäóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÇÔóÑõåõ ãöäøóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ) . æóÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: (åõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö) . Ëõãøó Åöäøó æóÕúÝóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÍúÑö ËóÇÈöÊñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÕúÝõåõ ÈöÐóáößó áößóËúÑóÉö Úöáúãöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚúÏò æóÛóíúÑõåõ. æóÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÓóÚúÏò ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ æóÝóÚóáó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ íõÑöíÏõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò. Èóáú ÓóãøóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò: ÍóÈúÑó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÍóÈúÑó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóÊõÑúÌõãóÇäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÑóÈøóÇäöíøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò: æóíóáöí(4/104)
åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúæóì ÚöÔúÑõæäó¡ æóåõãú: ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõËúãóÇäõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì¡ æóãõÚóÇÐñ¡ æóÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò¡ æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóäóÓñ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÓóáúãóÇäõ¡ æóÌóÇÈöÑñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóØóáúÍóÉõ¡ æóÇáÒøõÈóíúÑõ¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÚöãúÑóÇäõ Èúäõ ÍõÕóíúäò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ æóÚõÈóÇÏóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö¡ æóãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÃõãøõ ÓóáóãóÉó. ÞóÇáó: æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÌúãóÚó ãöäú ÝõÊúíóÇ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÌõÒúÁñ ÕóÛöíÑñ. ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö äóÍúæñ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ ãõÞöáøõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÝõÊúíóÇ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ áóÇ ÊõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö æóÇáËøóáóÇËõ ; ßóÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö æóÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó æóÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏö. æóÓóÑóÏó ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÞóÇáó: æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÌúãóÚó ãöäú ÝõÊúíóÇ ÌóãöíÚöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÌõÒúÁñ ÕóÛöíÑñ.
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÎöÐõæäó Úóäúåõãú]
[ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóÉö æóÇáúÂÎöÐõæäó Úóäúåõãú] æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ãóäú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóÉõ ãöäúåõãú Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóäö ÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö. (æóåúæó) ; Ãóíú: ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ (æóÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑóÇ) ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ (æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö) ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ (æóÇÈúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ) Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ; ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ (ÞóÏú ÌóÑóì Úóáóíúåõãõ ÈöÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö) ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉö (ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóåú) ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ. æóÞóÇáó: (áóíúÓó) ãóäú ÌóÑóì Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó (ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò) ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÚóáóåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö: {ÊóÛúÑõÈõ Ýöí Úóíúäò ÍóãöÆóÉò} [ÇáßåÝ: 86] ãöäú ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ÎóÇãöÓðÇ áóåõãú. æóßóÐóÇ åõæó Ýöí (ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúßóÇÝöíóÉö) áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÍóÇÌöÈö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóæúÊõåõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó ÚóÇÔõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóì Úöáúãöåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÚóÈóÇÏöáóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö: (æóáóÇ ãóäú ÔóÇßóáóåú) ÃóíúÖðÇ ; Ãóíú: ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö ÈöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõãú äóÍúæõ ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö æóÚöÔúÑöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ¡ Ãóæú äóÍúæõ ËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝõ¡ Èóáú íóÒöíÏõæäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈößóËöíÑò. æóáóæú ÊóÑóÊøóÈó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÕúÑö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ áóÍóÞøóÞúÊõåõ.(4/105)