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ÇááøóÚöÈö ÈöÇáÓøöáóÇÍö æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäú ÂáóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÑúÈö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóíõáúÍóÞõ Èöåö ãóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÚöíäóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö æóÝöíåö ÈóíóÇäõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÇáÑøóÃúÝóÉö , æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÍõÓúäö ÇáúÎõáõÞö , æóÇáúãõÚóÇÔóÑóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö . æóáöãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö { ÌóÇÁó ÌóíúÔñ íóÒúÝöäõæäó Ýöí íóæúãö ÚöíÏò Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö . } íóÒúÝöäõæäó Ãóíú : íóÑúÞõÕõæäó ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò Íóãóáóåõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæóËøõÈö ÈöÓöáóÇÍöåöãú æóáóÚöÈöåöãú ÈöÍöÑóÇÈöåöãú Úóáóì ÞóÑöíÈò ãöäú åóíúÆóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÞöÕö áöÃóäøó ãõÚúÙóãó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÅäøóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ áóÚöÈõåõãú ÈöÍöÑóÇÈöåöãú ÝóÊóäóÇæóáó åóÐöåö ÇááøóÝúÙóÉó æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÒóÇÏó ÞóÇáóÊú ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóæúãóÆöÐò { áöÊóÚúáóãó íóåõæÏõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÏöíäöäóÇ ÝõÓúÍóÉð , ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõ ÈöÍóäöíÝöíøóÉò ÓóãúÍóÉò } æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÌóíøöÏò Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó { áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉõ íóÒúÝöäõæäó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóíóÑúÞõÕõæäó æóíóÞõæáõæäó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÚóÈúÏñ ÕóÇáöÍñ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäó ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ : íóÞõæáõæäó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÚóÈúÏñ ÕóÇáöÍñ } . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó { ÈóíúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉõ íóáúÚóÈõæäó ÚöäúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÍöÑóÇÈöåöãú ÅÐú ÏóÎóáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÃóåúæóì Åáóì ÇáúÍóÕúÈóÇÁö íóÍúÕöÈõåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÏóÚúåõãú íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ } ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò æóåõæó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ùóäøó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÃóäøó(2/171)
ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÚúáóãú Èöåö .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÅäúßóÇÑö ãóÇ íõÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö Ýöí ÅÍúíóÇÁö áóíóÇáöí ÇáúãóæóÇÓöãö æóÇáúãóæóÇáöÏö ) . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö Èúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóäóÇ ÃóÈúÑóÃõ Åáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäú ÌõãõæÚö Ãóåúáö æóÞúÊöäóÇ , Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö , æóÇáúãóÔóÇåöÏö áóíóÇáöí íõÓóãøõæäóåóÇ ÅÍúíóÇÁð . áóÚóãúÑöí ÅäøóåóÇ áöÅöÍúíóÇÁö ÃóåúæóÇÆöåöãú , æóÅöíÞóÇÙö ÔóåóæóÇÊöåöãú , ÌõãõæÚõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö , æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ãóÎóÇÑöÌõ , ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÝúÓóÏö ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö æóåõæó ÇáÑøöíóÇÁõ , æóÇáÓøõãúÚóÉõ æóãóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÇááøóÚöÈö , æóÇáúßóÐöÈö , æóÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö , ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúæóÌó ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö Ãóäú Êóßõæä ãõÙúáöãóÉð ãöäú ÓõÑõÌöåöãú , ãõäóÒøóåóÉð Úóäú ãóÚóÇÕöíåãú æóÝöÓúÞöåöãú , ãõÑúÏóÇäò æóäöÓúæóÉò , æóÝöÓúÞõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÚöäúÏöí ãóäú æóÒóäó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö Ëóãóäó ÇáÔøóãúÚóÉö ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Èöåö ÏõåúäðÇ æóÍóØóÈðÇ Åáóì ÈõíõæÊö ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁö æóæóÞóÝó Ýöí ÒóÇæöíóÉö ÈóíúÊò ÈóÚúÏó ÅÑúÖóÇÁö ÚóÇÆöáóÊöåö ÈöÇáúÍõÞõæÞö ÝóßõÊöÈó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóåóÌøöÏöíäó Õóáøóì ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö ÈöÍõÒúäò æóÏóÚóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÃóåúáöåö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÈóßøóÑó Åáóì ãóÚóÇÔöåö áóÇ Åáóì ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÝóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉñ . íóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇõäúÙõÑú Åáóì ÎõÑõæÌöß Åáóì ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö ßóãú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ æõÖöÚóÊú áóåõ . ÞóÇáó { ÊõÐóßøöÑõßõãú ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó } ÝóÃóÔúÛóáóßó ÈöÊóáóãøõÍö ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÇáäøóÇÖöÑóÉö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÌõãõæÚö áöÒóÑúÚö ÇááøóÐøóÉö Ýöí ÞóáúÈößó , æóÇáÔøóåúæóÉö Ýöí äóÝúÓößó ãöäú ãõØóÇáóÚóÉö ÇáúÚöÙóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÎöÑóÉö íõÓúÊóÏúÚóì ÈöåóÇ ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ßóáøðÇ ãóÇ ÎóÑóÌúÊ ÅáøóÇ ãõÊóäóÒøöåðÇ ,(2/172)
æóáóÇ ÚõÏúÊ ÅáøóÇ ãõÊóÃóËøöãðÇ , æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÚöäúÏóß Èóíúäó ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö , æóÇáúãóÓóÇßöäö ãóÚó ÇáúÝõÑúÌóÉö áóÇ ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäú ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÌõÏúÑóÇäö ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÌúÚóáó ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑõ , æóÇáúãóÔóÇåöÏõ ÚöáøóÉð Ýöí ÇáöÇÔúÊöåóÇÑö ÝóáóÇ ÝóÚóáóì ãóäú ÝóØöäó áöÞóæúáöí Ýöí ÑóÌóÈò æóÃóãúËóÇáöåö { ÝóáóÇ ÊóÙúáöãõæÇ Ýöíåöäøó ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú } . ÚóÒøó Úóáóíøó ÈöÞóæúãò ÝóÃóÊóÊúåõãú ÃóíøóÇãõ ÇáúãóæóÇÓöãö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÙóì ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúãñ ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÍö , æóáóíúÊóåõãú ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóØóÇáóÉö ÑóÃúÓðÇ ÈöÑóÃúÓò ãóÇ ÞóäóÚõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÌóÚóáõæåóÇ ãöäú ÇáÓøóäóÉö Åáóì ÇáÓøóäóÉö ÎóáúÓðÇ áöÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö ÇááøóÐøóÇÊö æóÇÓúÊöáóÇãö ÇáÔøóåóæóÇÊö ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑóÇÊö ãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÇáúãóÕõæäóÉö Ýöí ÌõãóÇÏóì åõÊößóÊú Ýöí ÑóÌóÈò ÈöÍõÌøóÉö ÇáÒøöíóÇÑóÇÊö { ÃóÝóÍõßúãó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö íóÈúÛõæäó } { ãóÇ áóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÑúÌõæäó áöáøóåö æóÞóÇÑðÇ } äõæÍó . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÊóÑóì ÈöãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Úóäúß ÓóæóÇÑöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö Ýöí ÇáÙøõáóãö , æóÃóÝúäöíóÉõ ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö , æóÇáúÞöÈóÇÈö , ÈöÇáúÈõßóÇÁö ãöäú ÎóæúÝö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö , æóÇáÊøóÐúßöÑóÉö áöáúÂÎöÑóÉö ¿ ÈöäóÙóÑö ÇáúÚöÈúÑóÉö ÅÐóÇ ÊóÍóÏøóËóÊú Úóäú ÃóÞúæóÇãò ÎóÊóãõæÇ Ýöí ÈõíõæÊöåöãú ÇáúÎóÊúãóÇÊö æóÕóÇäõæÇ ÇáúÃóåúáó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóíúËõ { ÇäúÓóáøó ãöäú ÝöÑóÇÔö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ Åáóì ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö áóÇ ÌõãõæÚó æóáóÇ ÔõãõæÚó ¿ ØõæÈóì áöãóäú ÓóãöÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÝóÇäúÒóæóì Åáóì ÒóÇæöíóÉö ÈóíúÊöåö ÝóÇäúÊóÕóÈó áöÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÌõÒúÁò Ýöí ÑóßúÚóÊóíúäö ÈöÊóÏóÈøõÑò æóÊóÝóßøõÑò } ÝóíóÇáóåóÇ ãöäú áóÍúÙóÉò ãóÇ ÃóÕúÝóÇåóÇ ãöäú ÃóßúÏóÇÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÇÊö æóÃóÞúÐóÇÑö ÇáÑøöíóÇÁö , ÛóÏðÇ íóÑóì Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌõãõæÚö(2/173)
Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏó ÊóáúÚóäõåõãú , æóÇáúãóÔóÇåöÏó , æóÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑó ÊóÓúÊóÛöíËõ ãöäúåõãú . íõÈóßøöÑõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ : ÃóäóÇ ÕóÇÆöãñ , ãóÊóì ÃóÝúáóÍó ÚõÑúÓõß ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó áóåõ ÕõÈúÍóÉñ ¿ Þõáú áöí íóÇ ãóäú ÃóÍúíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÈöÃóíøö ÞóáúÈò ÑóÌóÚúÊ ¿ ãóÇÊó æóÇóááøóåö ÞóáúÈõß , æóÚóÇÈóÊú äóÝúÓõß , ãóÇ ÃóÎúæóÝóäöí Úóáóì ãóäú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇááøóíóÇáöí Ãóäú íóÎóÇÝó Ýöí ãóæóÇØöäö ÇáúÃóãúäö , æóíóÙúãóÃó Ýöí ãóÞóÇãóÇÊö ÇáÑøöíøö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí Òóãóäöåö ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõß ÈöÒóãóäöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ äóÍúæõ ËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóãóÇ íóÌúÑöí ÈöÇáÔøóÇãøö æóãöÕúÑó , æóÇáúÚöÑóÇÞö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáúãóæóÇÓöãö ãöäú ÇáúãõäúßóÑóÇÊö ÝóÅöäøóÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóÇ Åáóíúåö ÑóÇÌöÚõæäó . æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó { áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÚóÇãñ ÅáøóÇ æóÇóáøóÐöí ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÔóÑøñ ãöäúåõ } ÓóãöÚúÊå ãöäú äóÈöíøößõãú Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóíõÊóæóÌøóåõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Åäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈõ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö , æóÇáúãõäúßóÑö æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ÍóÑõãó ÊóÚóÇØöíåö æóÏõÎõæáõåõ æóÅöäú Ùóäøó Ðóáößó ßõÑöåó , æóÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ íóÍúÑõãõ ÝóÅöäú Ùóäøó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÇÔúÊöãóÇáóåõ Úóáóì ÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäú ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÊóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì äóæúÚö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö , Ãóæú ÊõÓóÇæöíåö ÝóáóÇ ßóÑóÇåóÉó æóÈößõáøö ÍóÇáò ÝóÇáäøóæóÇÝöáõ , æóÇáÊøóØóæøõÚóÇÊõ ÎõÝúíóÉð Ãóæúáóì Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÈöáóÇ ÅÔúßóÇáò æóÃóÓúáóãõ ãöäú ÇáÑøöíóÇÁö , æóÇáÓøõãúÚóÉö , äóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó ÇáúÚóÝúæó , æóÇáúãõÓóÇãóÍóÉó , æóÇóááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ .
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ÎóãúÓöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó áóÇ ÃóÝúÚóáõ ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÑúÌõæ ãöäú ÈóÑóßóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöØúÚóÉö ãóÇ ÊóÑúÌõæåõ ÃóäúÊó æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõØöíÚò ÇáúÈóáúÎöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöáÑøóÌõáö Ãóäú íõÚúØöíó ÓõÄóÇáó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö . ÞóÇáó ÎóáóÝõ Èúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó áóæú ßõäúÊ ÞóÇÖöíðÇ áóãú ÃóÞúÈóáú ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ãóäú ÊõÕõÏøöÞó Úóáóíúåö æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúãõÍöíØö ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõ Åäú ÓóÃóáó áöÃóãúÑò áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ æóáóÇ ÖóÑóÑó ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÐóáößó æóáóÇ ßõÑúåðÇ .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöíãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Åáóì ãóßóÇä ãöäú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÝöí ßóäúÓöåö æóÊóäúÙöíÝöåö æóÊóØúíöíÈöåö æóáõÞóØóÊöåö ) . æóÅöäú ÌóáóÓó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö Ýöí ãóßóÇä ãöäú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó íõßúÑóåõ ÏóæóÇãõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäúåõ ÝóÅöäú ÏóÇãó ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó Èöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇãó ãöäúåõ ÝóáöÛóíúÑöåö ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ Ýöíåö . æóíõÓóäøõ ßóäúÓõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö íóæúãó ÇáúÎóãöíÓö æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ßõäóÇÓóÊöåö æóÊóäúÙöíÝõåõ æóÊóØúíöíÈõåõ Ýöíåö æóÔóÚúáõ ÇáúÞóäóÇÏöíáö Ýöíåö ßõáøó áóíúáóÉò , æóãöãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÊóÝóØøóäó áóåõ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò , ÃóÎóÐó ãõáúÞðì Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö íõÕóÇäõ Úóäúåõ , Ëõãøó íóÖóÚóåõ Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÊóæóÌøóåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõáúÒóãõ ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÐö áöÃóäøó ÎóáóÇÁó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ãöäúåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöíåö Ýóåõæó ßóäõÎóÇãóÉò æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ÃõáúÞöíóÊú Ýöíåö . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇááøõÞóØóÉö íõáúÒóãõ ÈöÃóÎúÐöåóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ æóÖúÚõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ßóÇáúÍóÕúÈóÇÁö , Ãóæú áóãú íõÞúÕóÏú æóÖúÚõåõ áóßöäøóåõ ÃóÑúÖõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó Åáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó íóÓúÃóáõåóÇ Úóäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÞöíÑóÇØóíú ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉö ÃóÎóÐó ÞóÈúÖóÉð ãöäú ÍóÕúÈóÇÁó íõÞóáøöÈõåóÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö ÍóÊøóì ÑóÌóÚó Åáóíúåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÝóÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáóÊú : ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ : ÕóÏóÞó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÈöÇáúÍóÕúÈóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí íóÏöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó , Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóÞóÏú ÝóÑøóØúäóÇ Ýöí ÞóÑóÇÑöíØó ßóËöíÑóÉò ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ æóÃóÕúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáö . æóÝöí(2/183)
ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Ãóäøó ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Ñóãóì ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏó Èúäó íóÒöíÏó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÈöÇáúÍóÕúÈóÇÁö áöíóÃúÊöíóåõ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åõÈóíúÑóÉó : Ýöíåö Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö Ñóãúíö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏ ÈöÇáúÍóÕúÈóÇÁö æóáöãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó ÞóÇáó áöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { áóÇ íóÒóÇáõæäó íóÓúÃóáõæäóß íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáõæÇ åóÐóÇ Çááøóåõ Ýóãóäú ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó ÝóÈóíúäóÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÅÐú ÌóÇÁóäöí äóÇÓñ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó åóÐóÇ Çááøóåõ Ýóãóäú ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÍóÕðÇ ÈößóÝøöåö ÝóÑóãóÇåõãú , Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÞõæãõæÇ ÕóÏóÞó Îóáöíáöí Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó } æóáöãõÓúáöãò Úóäúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áóíóÓúÃóáóäøóßõãú ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáõæÇ Çááøóåõ ÎóáóÞó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò Ýóãóäú ÎóáóÞóåõ } æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÊóÃúÏöíÈõ ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõ ÚóãøóÇ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö , æóÇáúÝöÚúáö .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöÇáäøóÚúáóíúäö æóßóæúäö ØóåóÇÑóÊöåöãóÇ ÈöãóÓúÍöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÛóíúÑó ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ) . Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó : { ÅÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÝóáúíóÞúáöÈú äóÚúáóíúåö , Ëõãøó áöíóäúÙõÑ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÑóÃóì ÎóÈóËðÇ ÝóáúíóãúÓóÍúåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö , Ëõãøó áöíõÕóáøö ÝöíåöãóÇ } ÅÓúäóÇÏñ ÌóíøöÏñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ . æóãõÑóÇÏõåõ Ãóäú íóãúÓóÍó ÇáúÎóÈóËó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö , æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóáøö Ýöí äóÚúáóíúåö æóæóÖóÚóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÝóáóÇ íóÑúãö ÈöåöãóÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúßöÈúÑö , æóÇáÊøóÚóÇÙõãö Ãóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöÅöÊúáóÇÝö ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö , Ãóæú Ýöí ÃóÐóì ÃóÍóÏò ÝóáóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ æóíóÖúãóäõ ãóÇ ÊóáöÝó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúÃóÏóÈõ ÃóáøóÇ íóÝúÚóáó Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö Ýöí ÈõíõæÊö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÃóÍóÈøö ÇáúÈöÞóÇÚ Åáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì , æóíõÔúÈöåõ åóÐóÇ Ñóãúíó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÑóÌõáñ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÝóÛóÖöÈó æóÞóÇáó åóßóÐóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ ÈößóáóÇãö ÇáúÃóÈúÑóÇÑö ¿ æóÝöí ÇáúãõÍöíØö ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö áóæú ãóÔóì Ýöí ÇáØøöíäö ßõÑöåó áóåõ Ãóäú íóãúÓóÍóåõ ÈöÍóÇÆöØö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö , æóÅöäú ãóÓóÍóåõ ÈöÊõÑóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóßóÇäó ãóÌúãõæÚðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõäúÈóÓöØðÇ íõßúÑóåõ .
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ÝóÕúáñ æóÓóåøóáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÓúÎö Ýöíåö Ïõæäó æóÖúÚö ÇáäøóÚúÔö . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏ æóÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÇáäøóÚúÔö íõæÖóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÞóÇáó ãöäú ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÊóæóÞøóÇåõ , æóßóÑöåó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇÊøöÎóÇÐóåõ ØóÑöíÞðÇ . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÇáúãóÔúíö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ØóÑöíÞðÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÚöáøóÉñ ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó .
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ÈöÇóááøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö } ÏóÑøóÇÌñ ÖóÚöíÝñ áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúåóíúËóãö æóÌóæøóÒóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò Ýöí ÇáúÝõäõæäö æóÞóÇáó : áöãóäú ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö : ÇáúÂíóÉõ æóÇÑöÏóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÈóÈò , æóåöíó ÚöãóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÝóÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áößóÇÝöÑò ÚöãóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÝóÞóØú áöÔóÑóÝöåö . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö : ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöãóÇÑóÉó áóåõ åóáú åöíó ÏõÎõæáõåõ æóÇáúÌõáõæÓõ Ýöíåö Ãóãú ÇáúÈöäóÇÁõ áóåõ æóÅöÕúáóÇÍõåõ ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ÞóÇáó : æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ãóÍúÙõæÑñ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö æóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóäúÚõåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÈóÛóæöíø Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÐóåóÈó Åáóíúåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ .
573(2/192)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÇáÊøóÛóáøõÈö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÛóÕúÈöåö æóÍõßúãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöíåö æóÇáÖøóãóÇäö áóåõ ) . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ : ÝóÅöäú ÊóÛóáøóÈó ãõÊóÛóáøöÈñ Úóáóì ãóÓúÌöÏò æóãóäóÚó ÏõÎõæáó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åáóíúåö äóÙóÑúÊó Åáóíúåö ÝóÅöäú ÃóÒóÇáó ÇáúÂáóÉó ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ æóÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãöáúßðÇ ßóÇäó ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈö Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöíåö ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö , ÝóÅöäú ãóäóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓó Úóäúåõ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö Ïõæäóåõãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÎúÑöíÈò áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÛóÕúÈõåõ ÍõßúãðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÊóáöÝó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ãóäúÚöåö áóãú íóáúÒóãúåõ ÖóãóÇäõåõ ßóÇáúÍõÑøö ÅÐóÇ ÛóÕóÈóåõ ÛóÇÕöÈñ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÛóÕúÈõåõ Ãóäú ÊóÕöÍøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÛóáøóÈó Úóáóì ÃóÑúÖò áóÇ íóãúáößõåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóÚóÏøöí ÃóÔúÈóåó ãóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÊóÛóáøóÈó Úóáóì ÃóãúáóÇßö ÇáäøóÇÓö ; æóáöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÅÐóÇ áóãú íõãúáóßú áóãú íóãúäóÚú ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÛóÕúÈõåõ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÛóÕóÈó ÓöÊóÇÑóÉó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö æóÕóáøóì ÝöíåóÇ ãõÓúÊóÊöÑðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . ÝóÞóÏú ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÈöÛóÕúÈö ÇáúÍõÑøö , æóÝöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÖóãóÇäöåö ÈöÇáúÛóÕúÈö æóíõÄúÎóÐõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Åäú ÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ãóÓúßóäðÇ Ãóæú ãóÎúÒóäðÇ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íóÖúãóäõ ßóãóÇ äóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÑøö : ÅÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ßõÑúåðÇ , æóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÛúäöí æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú ÇõÓúÊõÄúÌöÑó áöÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÛóäöíãóÉö æóÑóßöÈó ÏóÇÈøóÉð ãöäúåóÇ Ãóæú ÏóÇÈøóÉð ãöäú ÇáúÌóíúÔö Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõåõ ÃõÌúÑóÊõåóÇ . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÌöíåõ ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúåöÏóÇíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ : áóæú ÛóÕóÈóåõ æóÇöÊøóÎóÐóåõ ãóÓúßóäðÇ(2/193)
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574(2/194)
ÝóÕúáñ ÝõÑõæÚñ Ýöí ÑóÍúÈóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÈöäóÇÆöåö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö æóãóÊóì íóÌõæÒõ åóÏúãõåõ ÑóÍúÈóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö Åäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÍóæøóØóÉð ÝóáóåóÇ Íõßúãõåõ , æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ . ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì æóÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö . æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ æóÃóäøóåõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ , æóÚóäúåõ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ãõØúáóÞðÇ . æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÎöÑóÞöíøö æóÚóäúåõ áóåóÇ Íõßúãõåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ , æóíóÌõæÒõ áöáúÅöãóÇãö Ãóäú íóÃúÐóäó Ýöí ÈöäóÇÁö ãóÓúÌöÏò Ýöí ØóÑöíÞò æóÇÓöÚò æóÚóáóíúåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÖõÑøó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö , æóÚóäúåõ ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ , ÓóæóÇÁñ Èõäöíó Úóáóì ÓóÇÈóÇØò Ãóæú ÞóäúØóÑóÉö ÌöÓúÑò æóÞóÇáó : ÃóíúÖðÇ Íõßúãõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÇáøóÊöí ÈõäöíóÊú Ýöí ÇáØøõÑõÞö Ãóäú ÊõåúÏóãó . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ : åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÌõÑúãðÇ íóÎúÑõÌõæäó Úóáóì ÃóËóÑöåö , æóÚóäúåõ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÈöäóÇÁõ ÈöáóÇ ÅÐúäöåö æóÍóíúËõ ÌóÇÒó ÕóÍøóÊú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö , æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóæóÌúåóÇäö , æóÊóÕöÍøõ ÝöíãóÇ Èõäöíó Úóáóì ÏóÑúÈò ãõÔúÊóÑóßò ÈöÅöÐúäö Ãóåúáöåö , æóÝöíåö æóÌúåñ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ æóÅöäú ÌõÏøöÏó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ æóäóÍúæõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÝóæóÌúåóÇäö . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí : ÅÐóÇ ÃõÍúÏöËó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ Èõäöíó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÝóÞóÏú íóÊóæóÌøóåõ ßõÑúåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöíåö , æóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÚõáúæöíøóÊóåõ Ãóæú ÃóÓúÝóáóåõ ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ ÕóÍøó æóÇäúÊóÝóÚó ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì , æóÞóÇáó : Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö Åäú ÌóÚóáó ÃóÓúÝóáó ÈóíúÊöåö ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚú ÈöÓóØúÍöåö , æóÅöäú ÌóÚóáó ÓóØúÍóåõ ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ ÇäúÊóÝóÚó ÈöÃóÓúÝóáöåö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÓøóØúÍó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åáóì ÃóÓúÝóáó . æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõåúÏóãó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ æóíõÈúäóì ÊóÍúÊóåõ(2/195)
ÍóæóÇäöíÊõ ÊóäúÝóÚõåõ Ãóæú ÓöÞóÇíóÉñ ÎóÇÕøóÉñ Ãóæú ÚóÇãøóÉñ ÝóÅöäú ÇäúåóÏóãó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÝóßóÐóáößó , æóÞöíáó : íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáóíúäö ÃóæúãóÃó Åáóíúåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ , æóÞöíáó íõäúÙóÑõ Åáóì Þóæúáö ÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáöåö æóÞöíáó : íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõåúÏóãó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ æóíõÌóÏøóÏó ÈöäóÇÄõåõ áöãóÕúáóÍóÉò äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÞóÇáó ÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏò áóåõ ÍóÇÆöØñ ÞóÕöíÑñ ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÕöíäò , æóáóåõ ãóäóÇÑóÉñ : áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú ÊõåúÏóãó æóÊõÌúÚóáó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö ; áöÆóáøóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáóåõ ÇáúßöáóÇÈõ æóÞóÇáó : áóÇ íóÈúäöí ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ Åáóì ÌóäúÈö ãóÓúÌöÏò ÂÎóÑó ÅáøóÇ áöÍóÇÌóÉò ßóÖöíÞö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóäóÍúæöåö .
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ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãõÈóÇÑóßö Èúäö ÝóÖóÇáóÉó , æóÝöíåö ßóáóÇãñ æóÈóÇÞöíåö ËöÞóÇÊñ . æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÞóÇáó { : ßõäøóÇ äóÃúßõáõ Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÎõÈúÒó æóÇááøóÍúãó . } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú : ËóäóÇ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÍõãóíúÏö Èúäö ßóÇÓöÈò æóÍóÑúãóáóÉõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÞóÇáóÇ ËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ , ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäõ , æóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò . æóÚóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ØóáúÍóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ { Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÏóÚóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÏõÎõæáöåö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó : Åäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÞóÑúäóíú ÇáúßóÈúÔö Íöíäó ÏóÎóáúÊõ ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÝóäóÓöíÊõ Ãóäú ÂãõÑóßó Ãóäú ÊõÎóãøöÑóåõãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÞõÈøóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÔóíúÁñ íõáúåöí ÇáúãõÕóáøöíó . } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ . æóÚóäú æóÇËöáóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ { Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó : ÌóäøöÈõæÇ ãóÓóÇÌöÏóßõãú ÕöÈúíóÇäóßõãú æóãóÌóÇäöíäóßõãú æóÔöÑóÇÁóßõãú æóÈóíúÚóßõãú æóÎõÕõæãóÇÊößõãú æóÑóÝúÚó ÃóÕúæóÇÊößõãú æóÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÍõÏõæÏößõãú æóÓóáøó ÓõíõæÝößõãú æóÇöÊøóÎöÐõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈúæóÇÈöåóÇ æóÌóãøöÑõæåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãóÚö } . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÖóÚöíÝò æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÌóÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÖóÚöíÝò ÃóíúÖðÇ . æóÝöí ÍóæóÇÔöí ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöäúÏó ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö ÞóÇáó : ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö(2/207)
ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö ÎóÑøóÌóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö æóÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö æóæóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö æóÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó ÞóÇáõæÇ : ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó Úóáóì ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö íóÞõæáõ { : ÌóäøöÈõæÇ ãóÓóÇÌöÏóßõãú ÎõÕõæãóÇÊößõãú æóÑóÝúÚó ÃóÕúæóÇÊößõãú æóÓóáøó ÓõíõæÝößõãú æóÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÍõÏõæÏößõãú æóãóÌóÇäöíäóßõãú æóÌóãøöÑõæåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãóÚö , æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ãóÓóÇÌöÏößõãú ãóØóÇåöÑó } . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö { Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóãóÑó ãóäú ãóÑøó ÈöäóÈúáò Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö Ãóæú ÓõæÞò Ãóäú íõãúÓößó Úóáóì äöÕóÇáöåóÇ . } æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÔóÝóÞóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áóÇ íõÔöíÑõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Åáóì ÃóÎöíåö ÈöÇáÓøöáóÇÍö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÑöí áóÚóáøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóäúÒöÚõ Ýöí íóÏöåö ÝóíóÞóÚó Ýöí ÍõÝúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÇÑö . } íóäúÒöÚõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ íóÑúãöí Ýöí íóÏöåö æóíõÍóÞøöÞõ ÖóÑúÈóÊóåõ . æóÑõæöíó ÈöÇáúÛóíúäö ãöäú ÇáúÅöÛúÑóÇÁö Ãóíú : íóÍúãöáõ Úóáóì ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö æóíõÒóíøöäõåõ æóáöãõÓúáöãò { ãóäú ÃóÔóÇÑó Åáóì ÃóÎöíåö ÈöÍóÏöíÏóÉò ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÊóáúÚóäõåõ ÍóÊøóì æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÎóÇåõ áöÃóÈöíåö æóÃõãøöåö . } Ãóíú ÍóÊøóì íóÏóÚóåõ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøõÓóÎö æóÙóÇåöÑõåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäó åóÇÒöáðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÑúæöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ { áóÇ íóÍöáøõ áöãõÓúáöãò Ãóäú íõÑóæøöÚó ãõÓúáöãðÇ . } æóÑóæóæúÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ { áóÇ íóÃúÎõÐú ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãóÊóÇÚó ÃóÎöíåö ÌóÇÏøðÇ æóáóÇ åóÇÒöáðÇ . } ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõãóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ . æóßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ(2/208)
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578
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ Åáóì ãóßóÇä ãõÈóÇÍò ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö ) . áóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íõÞöíãó ÅäúÓóÇäðÇ æóíóÌúáöÓó ãóßóÇäóåõ . ãóäú ÞóÇãó ãöäú ãóæúÖöÚöåö áöÚõÐúÑò Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó Åáóíúåö Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö ÐóßóÑóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò ÓóÞóØó ÍóÞøõåõ ÈöÞöíóÇãöåö ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÎóáøöÝó ãõÕóáøðì Ãóæú æóØóÇÁð ÝóÝöíåö æóÌúåóÇäö ÐóßóÑóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò æóÛóíúÑõåõ , æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÅÍúíóÇÁö ÇáúãóæóÇÊö , æóãóäú ÌóáóÓó Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏò Ãóæú ÌóÇãöÚò áöÝóÊúæóì Ãóæú áöÅöÞúÑóÇÁö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö ãóÇ ÏóÇãó Ýöíåö Ãóæú ÛóÇÈó áöÚõÐúÑò Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ , æóÅöäú ÌóáóÓó Ýöíåö áöÕóáóÇÉò Ýóåõæó ÃóÍóÞøõ Èöåö ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÞóØú , æóÅöäú ÛóÇÈó áöÚõÐúÑò Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÝóæóÌúåóÇäö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ ÈóÚöíÏñ .
579(2/209)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÍóÑöíãöåóÇ ÝóÊõãúäóÚõ ãõÒóÇÍóãóÊõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ) . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÑöíãõ ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö æóÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÑúÊöÝóÇÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãõÖöÑøðÇ ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö æóÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ãõäöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ æóáóãú íóÌõÒú áöáÓøõáúØóÇäö Ãóäú íóÃúÐóäó Ýöíåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó ÃóÍóÞøõ , æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÖöÑøðÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáöÇÑúÊöÝóÇÞõ ÈöÍóÑöíãöåóÇ , æóåóáú íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ Ýöíåö ÅÐúäõ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö Ýöí ÍóÑöíãö ÇáúÃóãúáóÇßö ¿ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøö Ýöí ÇáÑøóÌõáö íóÍúÝöÑõ Ýöí ÝöäóÇÁö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö æóÝöí æóÓóØö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÈöÆúÑðÇ áöáúãóÇÁö : ãóÇ íõÚúÌöÈõäöí Ãóäú ÊõÍúÝóÑó æóÅöäú ÍõÝöÑóÊú ÊõØóãøó . æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÈöÃóÝúäöíóÉö ÇáÔøóæóÇÑöÚö æóÇáØøõÑõÞóÇÊö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÖõÑøõ ÈöÇáúãõÌúÊóÇÒöíäó íõÖóíøöÞõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞó ãõäöÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ æóáóãú íóÌõÒú áöáÓøõáúØóÇäö Ãóäú íóÃúÐóäó Ýöíåö , æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÖöÑøðÇ áöÓóÚóÉö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÝóÚóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö : ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÇáúãóäúÚõ ÃóíúÖðÇ . ( æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ) ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ . ÞóÇáó : æóåóáú íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Ðóáößó Åáóì ÅÐúäö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö ¿ íõÎóÑøóÌõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö , æóÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãöåö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÍóÑúÈò Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÚúÊóÈöÑú ÅÐúäóåõ ÝóÅöäú ÇÚúÊóÈóÑúäóÇ ÅÐúäóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ÃóÍóÞøó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ÞóÇáó : æóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó Úóáóì ÇáúÌõáõæÓö ÃóÌúÑðÇ .
580(2/210)
ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúæóÑóÚö : ãóÇ ßõÑöåó ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑö ÞõáúÊõ æóáöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÝóÊóÑóì áöáÑøóÌõáö Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöáó æóíóÃúÊöíó ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑó ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ÇáúãóØóÑõ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö Êöáúßó ÇáúÞöÈóÇÈö ÝóíóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó : ÇáúãóÞóÇÈöÑõ ÅäøóãóÇ åöíó ÃóãúÑõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö , æóßóÃóäøóåõ ßóÑöåó Ðóáößó .
581(2/211)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÊóÌúÕöíÕö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóÇáúÞõÈõæÑö æóÇáúÈõíõæÊö ) . ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : ÞõáúÊõ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Åäøó ÞóæúãðÇ íóÍúÊóÌøõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÌöÕøö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Úóäú ÊóÌúÕöíÕö ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú íõÌóÕøóÕó ÇáúÍöíØóÇäõ ÝóÞóÇáó : æóÅíÔ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ¿ æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÃóÓúáóãó ÇáØøõæÓöíøó ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÌóÕøöÕõ ãóÓúÌöÏóåõ , æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÏóÚõ ÈöØóÑóÓõæÓó ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ ãõÌóÕøóÕðÇ ÅáøóÇ ÞóáóÚóåõ , ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : åõæó ãöäú ÒöíäóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ , æóÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ Úóäú ÇáúÌöÕøö æóÇáúÂÌõÑøö íóÝúÖõáõ ãöäú ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÝóÞóÇáó : íóÕöíÑõ Ýöí ãöËúáöåö . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : Þöíáó áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú ÊóßúÍöíáö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö : { ÝóÞóÇáó áóÇ , ÚóÑöíÔñ ßóÚóÑöíÔö ãõæÓóì , æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÔóíúÁñ íõØúáóì Èöåö ßóÇáúßõÍúáö } . Ãóíú Ýóáóãú íõÑóÎøöÕú Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÛóäöíøóÉö áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÊóÌúÕöíÕö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö æóÊóØúíöíÈöåóÇ , æóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõÌóÕøöÕõ ÝóÞóÇáó : ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÖõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóíóÞöíåöãú ãöäú ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö æóßóÑöåó ÊóÌúÕöíÕó ÇáúÍöíØóÇäö ÞóÇáó æóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÍõÌúÑóÉö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÈóíúÊðÇ Ýöíåö ÕõæóÑñ ÓóÞúÝõåõ ÓóæóÇÏñ æóÈóíóÇÖñ ÝóØóãóÓúäóÇåõ æóåõæó ãóÚóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÈóíøóÖúäóÇ ÇáÓøóÞúÝó ßõáøóåõ . æóÐóßóÑó ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏöãó ãöäú ÓóÝóÑò æóÞóÏú ÍóãøóÑõæÇ ÓöÞóÇÝó ÈóíúÊöåö æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÓóÞúÝõ ÈóíúÊöåö ÞóÇáó : áóÇ ÃóÏúÎõáõåõ ÍóÊøóì íõÛóíøóÑó æóÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõäóÇæóáóÉð Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö(2/212)
ËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ ËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõãúåóÇäó Úóäú ÓóÝöíäóÉó ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÖóÇÝó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ ÝóÇØöãóÉõ : áóæú ÏóÚóæúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÃóßóáó ãóÚóäóÇ , ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÝöíåö ÞóÇáó : { áóíúÓó áöí Ãóæú áöäóÈöíøò Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáó ÈóíúÊðÇ ãõÒóæøóÞðÇ . } ÅÓúäóÇÏñ ÍóÓóäñ æóÓóÚöíÏñ Ýöíåö ßóáóÇãñ æóÍóÏöíËõåõ ÍóÓóäñ Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ .
582
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÅäúßóÇÑõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÍóáøöÞöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö áöÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú ÍöáóÞðÇ ÍöáóÞðÇ ) . ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ æóÓóØó ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉö æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ : ( ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúáöíÞö ) ËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøöÏñ ËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Úóäú ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáúãõÓóíøöÈõ Èúäõ ÑóÇÝöÚò Úóäú Êóãöíãö Èúäö ØóÑóÝóÉó Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó ÞóÇáó : { ÏóÎóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó æóåõæó ÍöáóÞñ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ áöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÚöÒöíäó } ¿ ËóäóÇ æóÇÕöáõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Èúäö ÝõÖóíúáò Úóäú ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó : ßóÃóäøóåõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ( ÚöÒöíäó ) ÌóãúÚõ ÚóÒóÇÉò Ãóíú ÍóáúÞóÉò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÌóãóÇÚóÉð æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ .
583(2/213)
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÝöíãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÚöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÈöäóÇÁö ) áóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈóäóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚöãóÇÑóÉö æóÇáúÈöäóÇÁö , æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúÂÏóÇÈö : ( ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÈöäóÇÁö ) Ëõãøó Ñóæóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ { ãóÑøó ÈöÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ æóÃõãøöåö íõØóíøöäóÇäö ÍóÇÆöØðÇ , æóÝöí áóÝúÙò íõÕúáöÍóÇäö ÎöÕóÇÕóåõãóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó : ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÃóÓúÑóÚõ ãöäú Ðóáößó . } ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íõæäõÓó ËóäóÇ ÒõåóíúÑñ ËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ Íóßöíãò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóÇØöÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó ÇáúÃóÓóÏöíøö Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò { Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóÑóÌó ÝóÑóÃóì ÞõÈøóÉð ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Åáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÝóÑóÌóÚó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Åáóì ÞõÈøóÊöåö ÝóåóÏóãóåóÇ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýóáóãú íóÑóåóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóÊú ÇáúÞõÈøóÉõ ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÔóßóÇ ÅáóíúäóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ ÅÚúÑóÇÖóßó Úóäúåõ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑúäóÇåõ ÝóåóÏóãóåóÇ , ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó : ÃóãóÇ Åäøó ßõáøó ÈöäóÇÁò æóÈóÇáñ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÅáøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÅáøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ . } ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ æóÃóÈõæ ØóáúÍóÉó Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ , æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöíåö ßóáóÇãðÇ . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÃóÍúãóÏõ , æóáóÝúÙõåõ { ßóáøñ Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö . } æóÚöäúÏóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö , æóÇáúßóáøõ ÇáËøöÞóáõ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì : { æóåõæó ßóáøñ Úóáóì ãóæúáóÇåõ } ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö : : ÇáúæóÈóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáËøöÞóáõ æóÇáúãóßúÑõæåõ æóíõÑöíÏõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö . æóÝöí(2/214)
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, æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóÃúãõÑú ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöåóÏúãö Êöáúßó ÇáúÞõÈøóÉö æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ÕóÇÍöÈóåóÇ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó , æóåóÐóÇ æóÇÖöÍñ . æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÖöÍò æóáóÇ ãõÊøóÌóåò ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÙóÇåöÑó ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÊóÞöíøö ÇáÏøöíäö Åäú áóãú íóßõäú ÕóÑöíÍõåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ íõÍúÌóÑõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÐóáóåõ Ýöí ãõÈóÇÍò ÒóÇÆöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö , æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÓóÈóÞóÊú Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÃóßúáö æóãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÌúÑö . æóÍóíúËõ ÍóÑõãó Ãóæú ßõÑöåó ÝóÃõÌúÑóÉõ ÝóÇÚöáöåö ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöÐóáößó ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÎöíóÇØóÉö ÇáúãóáúÈõæÓö ÅÐóÇ ÍóÑõãó ÍóÑõãóÊú ÇáúÃõÌúÑóÉõ , æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÝö Ýöí ãóÃúßõæáò æóãóÔúÑõæÈò æóãóáúÈõæÓò Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÃóßúáö . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøóÈúÞö æóÇáÑøóãúíö : ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÈöäóÇÁó ãóÇ íóÓúÊõÑõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÑúÁõ æóÚöíóÇáóåõ æóãóÇáóåõ ãöäú ÇáúÚõíõæäö æóÇáúÈóÑúÏö æóÇáúÍóÑøö Ãóæú ÇáúãóØóÑö ÝóÑúÖñ æóÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö ãóäúÒöáò Ãóæú ãóÓúßóäò íóÓúÊõÑõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ , æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÊøöÓóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúãóßóÇÓöÈö æóÇáúãóÈóÇäöí ãöäú Íöáøò ÅÐóÇ ÃóÏøóì ÌóãöíÚó ÍõÞõæÞö Çááøóåö ÞóÈúáóåõ ãõÈóÇÍñ Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýóãöäú ßóÇÑöåò æóãöäú ÛóíúÑö ßóÇÑöåò , æóÓóÈóÞó ßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò Ýöí åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÝõÕõæáö ÇáúßóÓúÈö æóÇáÊøöÌóÇÑóÉö . æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÍóÇáó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóßúãóáõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö æóØóÑöíÞóåõ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáØøõÑõÞö áöãóÇ Úõáöãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÏóÇÑõ ÓóÝóÑò áóÇ ÏóÇÑõ ÅÞóÇãóÉò ÇÊøóÎóÐó ãóÓóÇßöäó ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÊóÓúÊõÑõ Úóäú ÇáúÚõíõæäö æóÊóÞöí(2/217)
ãóÖóÑøóÉó ÇáúÍóÑøö æóÇáúÈóÑúÏö æóÇáúãóØóÑö æóÇáÑøöíóÇÍö æóÊóÍúÝóÙõ ãóÇ æõÖöÚó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÏóÇÈøóÉò æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ æóáóãú íõÒóÎúÑöÝúåóÇ æóáóãú íõÔóíøöÏúåóÇ æóáóãú Êóßõäú ËóÞöíáóÉð ÝóíóÎóÇÝó ÓõÞõæØóåóÇ æóáóÇ æóÇÓöÚóÉð ÑóÝöíÚóÉð ÝóÊõÚóÔøöÔó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúåóæóÇãøõ æóÊóÕöíÑó ãóåóÈøðÇ áöáÑøöíóÇÍö ÇáúãõÄúÐöíóÉö , æóáóÇ åöíó ãóÓóÇßöäõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÊõÔúÈöåó ãóÓóÇßöäó ÇáúÌóÈóÇÈöÑóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóÃóÐøóì ÓóÇßöäõåóÇ ÈöÐóáößó áöÞöáøóÉö ÇáúåóæóÇÁö Ãóæú ÇáÔøóãúÓö Ãóæú ÚóÏóãöåöãóÇ Ãóæú ÈöÇáÙøõáúãóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúåóæóÇãøö , Èóáú åöíó ãóÓóÇßöäõ ãõÊóæóÓøöØóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ ØóíøöÈóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉö ÈöÚóÑóÞöåö æóÑóÇÆöÍóÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóßóÇäó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÊøóØóíøõÈó æóíóÊøóÎöÐõåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ãöäú ÝõÕõæáö ÇáØøöÈøö , æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ .
584(2/218)
ÝóÕúáñ ( ãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ) . æóÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò æóÝöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ , æóÝöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì ÈöÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ , ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÖöíáóÉõ ÇáäøóÝúáö ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúáö Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ßóÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÒóÇÏó áöáúÃóËóÑö . æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú ÃóËóÑðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö , æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÍóÏöíËó ÃóäóÓò ÇáúÂÊöíó æóæóÞóÚó áóåõãú Ýöíåö ÛóáóØñ , æóßóÐóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉó áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ãõØóÑøöÝñ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ æóÎóÕøóåóÇ ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÖö . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÇáÓøõÑõæÌöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ : ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖó æóÇáäøóÝóáó Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÑõÔúÏò ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉó Íóãóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóÚúäöí ÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÖö áöíóÌúãóÚó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Þóæúáöåö : Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ { ÕóáóÇÉõ ÃóÍóÏößõãú Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊöåö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ ÅáøóÇ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈóÉó } æóáóãú íóÒöÏú ÇáÓøõÑõæÌöíøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ . æóÍóßóì ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈó ÇáúãõÌóÇæóÑóÉö ÈöãóßøóÉó ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáõæÇ : æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÌóÇæóÑóÉó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÊóÖúÚöíÝöåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÈóáóÏò ÂÎóÑó ; æóáöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÊóÖóÇÚóÝõ åöíó æóÛóíúÑõåóÇ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ(2/219)
æóÞóØóÚó Èöåö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãõæóÝøóÞõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáöåö áöÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉö ÕóÏóÞóÉö ÇáÊøóØóæøõÚö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáúãõÚóÙøóãóÉö . æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÈóÍúÑò Úóäú ÚöíÓóì Èúäö íõæäõÓó Úóäú ËóæúÑö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Úóäú ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóæúÏóÉó Úóäú ÃóÎöíåö ÚõËúãóÇäó Úóäú { ãóíúãõæäóÉó ãóæúáóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáóÊú : íóÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÞóÇáó : ÃóÑúÖõ ÇáúãóÍúÔóÑö æóÇáúãóäúÔóÑö ÇÆúÊõæåõ ÝóÕóáøõæÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøó ÕóáóÇÉð Ýöíåö ßóÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò . ÞóÇáóÊú : ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó ãóäú áóãú íõØöÞú Ãóäú íóÊóÍóãøóáó Åáóíúåö Ãóæú íóÃúÊöíóåõ ÞóÇáó ÝóáúíõåúÏö áóåõ ÒóíúÊðÇ íõÓúÑóÌõ Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÃóåúÏóì ßóÇäó ßóãóäú Õóáøóì Ýöíåö } . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú Úóäú ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÞøöíøö Úóäú ÚöíÓóì ßóÐóáößó æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãöÓúßöíäö Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Úóäú ÒöíóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóæúÏóÉó ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ÍóÓóäò , æóÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ . æóÇÏøóÚóì ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäøó Ýöíåö äóßóÇÑóÉð ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÒøóíúÊó íóÚöÒøõ Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö ÝóßóíúÝó íóÃúãõÑõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÈöäóÞúáöåö ãöäú åõäóÇßó Åáóì ãóÚúÏöäöåö ¿ æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÚóãøóÇÑò ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ ËóäóÇ ÑõÒóíúÞõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóáúåóÇäöíøõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { : ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö ÈöÕóáóÇÉò æóÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÈöÎóãúÓò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÕóáóÇÉð æóÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáøóÐöí íõÌúãöÚõ Ýöíåö ÈöÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö(2/220)
ÕóáóÇÉò æóÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì ÈöÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÕóáóÇÉò æóÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí ÈöÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÕóáóÇÉò æóÕóáóÇÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò . } ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ æóáóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚóãøóÇÑò . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÔóíúÁñ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÛóíúÑõ ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó : ( ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ ) { áóÇ ÊõÔóÏøõ ÇáÑøöÍóÇáõ ÅáøóÇ Åáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ãóÓóÇÌöÏó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö æóãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ æóÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì . } ( æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ) { Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÈóíúÊò æõÖöÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÞóÇáó : ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ Þöíáó : Ëõãøó ãóÇÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì Þöíáó : ßóãú ßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ¿ ÞóÇáó : ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÚóÇãðÇ } æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ { Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÊóÚúÏöáõ ÓóÈúÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÕóáóÇÉò . } ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó { ÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ãöäú ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö ÅáøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÇáúÍóÑóÇãó . } æóÑóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöËúáóåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò æóåõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÒóÇÏõæÇ { æóÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ } æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöËúáõ ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÒóÇÏõæÇ { æóÕóáóÇÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò Ýöí åóÐóÇ } ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÊóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì ÃóáúÝò Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö Óöæóì(2/221)
ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊõÚóÇÏöáõ ÇáúÃóáúÝó , æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö ÕóáóÇÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ Óöæóì ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö , æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö , æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÚúÊóãóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãóÌúÏõ ÇáÏøöíäö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú . æóÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÝóáó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÞóÇáó : Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ { ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúãóÑúÁö Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö ÅáøóÇ ÇáúãóßúÊõæÈóÉó . } ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÑóÇÏõåõãú ÅáøóÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó ; áöÃóäøó ÕóáóÇÊóåõäøó Ýöí ÈõíõæÊöåöäøó ÃóÝúÖóáõ , æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ Ýöí Ðóáößó , æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö : ËóäóÇ åóÇÑõæäõ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò ËóäóÇ ÏóÇæõÏ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓõæóíúÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÚóãøóÊöåö Ãõãøö ÍõãóíúÏò ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÃóÈöí ÍõãóíúÏò ÇáÓøóÇÚöÏöíøö ÃóäøóåóÇ { ÌóÇÁóÊú ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáóÊú : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åäøöí ÃõÍöÈøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ãóÚóßó ÞóÇáó ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊõ Ãóäøóßö ÊõÍöÈøöíäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ãóÚöí , æóÕóáóÇÊõßö Ýöí ÈóíúÊößö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊößö Ýöí ÍõÌúÑóÊößö , æóÕóáóÇÊõßö Ýöí ÍõÌúÑóÊößö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊößö Ýöí ÏóÇÑößö , æóÕóáóÇÊõßö Ýöí ÏóÇÑößö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊößö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö Þóæúãößö , æóÕóáóÇÊõßö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏö Þóæúãößö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊößö Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí ÞóÇáó : ÝóÃóãóÑóÊú ÝóÈõäöíó áóåóÇ ãóÓúÌöÏñ Ýöí ÃóÞúÕóì ÈóíúÊò ãöäú ÈóíúÊöåóÇ , æóÇóááøóåö ßóÇäóÊú ÊõÕóáøöí Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì(2/222)
áóÞöíóÊú Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó } ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÓõæóíúÏò ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö æóÞóÇáó : Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÏóÇæõÏ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓò æóáóãú íóÒöÏú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÝóÝöíåö ÌóåóÇáóÉñ áóßöäú ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõæäó ÍóÇáõåõãú ÍóÓóäñ æóÈóÇÞöí ÑöÌóÇáöåö ËöÞóÇÊñ , æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ . æóåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉõ ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÞóæúáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò : ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉõ ÈöãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö áóÇ ãóÇ ÒöíÏó Ýöíåö áöÞóæúáöåö : Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏöí åóÐóÇ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ Ãóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö Íõßúãõ ÇáúãóÒöíÏö Úóáóíúåö . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó : áóÃóäú ÃõÕóáøöíó Úóáóì ÑóãúáóÉò ÍóãúÑóÇÁó ÃóÍóÈøõ Åáóíøó ãöäú Ãóäú ÃõÕóáøöíó Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö , æóÚóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó áóæú ÓöÑúÊõ ÍóÊøóì ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÅáøóÇ ÝóÑúÓóÎñ Ãóæú ÝóÑúÓóÎóÇäö ãóÇ ÃóÊóíúÊõåõ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ Ãóäú ÂÊöíóåõ ÑóæóÇåõãóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó Ýöí ãõÕóäøóÝöåö æóÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóáóÚóáøóåõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõãóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí Ðóáößó .
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586(2/224)
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÏõÎõæáõ ãóÚóÇÈöÏö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ æóÔõåõæÏõ ÃóÚúíóÇÏöåöãú ) . æóáóåõ ÏõÎõæáõ ÈöíÚóÉò æóßóäöíÓóÉò æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÚóäúåõ , íõßúÑóåõ Åäú ßóÇäó Ëóãøó ÕõæÑóÉñ , æóÞöíáó : ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö : æóÊóÕöÍøõ ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Ýöí ÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓö æóÇáúÈöíóÚö ãóÚó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö , æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÈöíóÚö æóÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÕõæóÑó ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò : íõßúÑóåõ ßóÇóáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÕõæóÑñ , æóÍóßóì Ýöí ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÍö áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúßóäöíÓóÉö ÇáäøóÙöíÝóÉö Ñõæöíó Ðóáößó Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò , æóßóÑöåó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóãóÇáößñ ÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓó áöÃóÌúáö ÇáÕøõæóÑö æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò : ÊõßúÑóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö æóÇáÊøóÈúÌöíáö áóåóÇ æóÞöíáó ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÖõÑøõ Èöåöãú . æóáóäóÇ { Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Õóáøóì Ýöí ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö æóÝöíåóÇ ÕõæóÑñ } Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí Úõãõæãö Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ { ÝóÕóáøö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÓúÌöÏñ . } ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÏõÎõæáõ ãóÓúÌöÏò Ýöíåö ÊóÕóÇæöíÑõ ßóÐóáößó , æóÚöäúÏóäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó Ýöí ÇáúãõÛúäöí ÈöÏõÎõæáö ÇáúßóäóÇÆöÓö æóÇáúÈöíóÚö , æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö áöÃóÌúáöåö ÚõÞõæÈóÉð áöáÏøóÇÚöí ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÓúÞóØó ÍõÑúãóÊóåõ ÈöÇöÊøöÎóÇÐöåö Ðóáößó . æóÞóÇáó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö : ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøõÊõæÑö æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãóæúØõæÁò áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ ÇáÏøõÎõæáõ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí(2/225)
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íóÏúÎõáõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöíóÚóåõãú ÞóÇáó : ÅÐóÇ áóãú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöíóÚóåõãú æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõæäó ÇáÓøõæÞó ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó . ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö : ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóÎøóÕó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáÓøõæÞö ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöíóÚóåõãú ÝóÚõáöãó ãóäúÚõåõ ãöäú ÏõÎõæáö ÈöíóÚöåöãú , æóßóÐóáößó ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäú ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí ÃóÚúíóÇÏöåöãú ÝóÞóÏú äóÕøó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóáóì ãöËúáö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÏõÎõæáö ßóäóÇÆöÓöåöãú Ýöí ÃóÚúíóÇÏöåöãú æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ßóÝöÚúáöåöãú ÞóÇáó : æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì ãóÓúÃóáóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÍõÖõæÑö ÃóÚúíóÇÏöåöãú . æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíø ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö Ýöí ßóäóÇÆöÓöåöãú æóÇáÊøóÔóÈøõåö Èöåöãú íóæúãó äóíúÑõæÒöåöãú æóãöåúÑóÌóÇäöåöãú . Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Úóäú ËóæúÑö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ : áóÇ ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÑóØóÇäóÉó ÇáúÃóÚóÇÌöãö æóáóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Ýöí ßóäóÇÆöÓöåöãú íóæúãó ÚöíÏöåöãú ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøóÎúØóÉó ÊóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãú . ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö : æóßóÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ äóÏóÚõåõãú íõÔúÑößõæäóÇ Ýöí ÚöíÏöäóÇ íóÚúäöí áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ßõáøö Þóæúãò ÈöÚöíÏöåöãú ÞóÇáó : æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóØóÇäóÉõ æóÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÔõåõæÑöåöãú ÈöÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúÌóãöíøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó ÍóÑúÈñ : ( ÈóÇÈõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáÔøõåõæÑö ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö ) ÞõáúÊõ : áöÃóÍúãóÏó ÝóÅöäøó áöáúÝõÑúÓö ÃóíøóÇãðÇ æóÔõåõæÑðÇ(2/227)
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587(2/228)
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588
ÝóÕúáñ ( Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ÓóÈøö ÇáÑøöíÍö æóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ : ÚöäúÏó åõÈõæÈöåóÇ æóÚöäúÏó ÑõÄúíóÉö ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö æóÇáúãóØóÑö ) . Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { : áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÇáÑøöíÍó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãóÇ ÊóßúÑóåõæäó ÝóÞõæáõæÇ : Çááøóåõãøó ÅäøóÇ äóÓúÃóáõßó ãöäú ÎóíúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöíÍö æóÎóíúÑö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÎóíúÑö ãóÇ ÃõãöÑóÊú Èöåö , æóäóÚõæÐõ Èöß ãöäú ÔóÑøö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöíÍö æóÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÃõãöÑóÊú Èöåö . } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÞóÇáó ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ÇáÑøöíÍõ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö ÊóÃúÊöí ÈöÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÊóÃúÊöí ÈöÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæåóÇ æóÇÓúÃóáõæÇ ãöäú Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑóåóÇ æóÇÓúÊóÚöíÐõæÇ ÈöÇóááøóåö ãöäú ÔóÑøöåóÇ } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ . æóÚóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ { Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÓóÍóÇÈðÇ ãõÞúÈöáðÇ ãöäú ÃõÝõÞò ãöäú ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö ÊóÑóßó ãóÇ åõæó Ýöíåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉò ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÞúÈöáóåõ ÝóíóÞõæáó : Çááøóåõãøó Åäøöí ÃóÚõæÐõ Èößó ãöäú ÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó Èöåö ÝóÅöäú ÃóãúØóÑó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõãøó ÕóíøöÈðÇ äóÇÝöÚðÇ Çááøóåõãøó ÕóíøöÈðÇ äóÇÝöÚðÇ , æóÅöäú ßóÔóÝóåõ Çááøóåõ æóáóãú íõãúØöÑú ÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó . } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ .(2/231)
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589
ÝóÕúáñ ( Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ÓóÈøö ÇáÏøóåúÑö æóäöÓúÈóÉö ÇáÔøóÑøö Åáóíúåö , æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ Çááøóåõ æóÚóäú Þóæúáö ÇáÑøóÌõáö åóáóßó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ) . ãöäú ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÝúÚóáõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóæóÇÒöáö æóÇáúãóÕóÇÆöÈö ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ãöäú ÓóÈøö ÇáÏøóåúÑö æóÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÝóáöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó : íõÄúÐöíäöí ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó íóÓõÈøõ ÇáÏøóåúÑó æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÃõÞóáøöÈõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó . } æóÝöíåöãóÇ { áóÇ íóÞõæáóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú íóÇ ÎóíúÈóÉó ÇáÏøóåúÑö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ÇáÏøóåúÑõ } . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò áöãõÓúáöãò { áóÇ ÊóÓõÈøõæÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ÇáÏøóåúÑõ . } Ãóíú : Åäøóßõãú ÅÐóÇ ÓóÈóÈúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáó Ðóáößó æóÞóÚó ÇáÓøóÈøõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ; áöÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ , æóÇáÏøóåúÑõ áóÇ ÝöÚúáó áóåõ Èóáú ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì , æóãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó { : ÅÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ åóáóßó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýóåõæó Ãóåúáóßõåõãú } ÈöÑóÝúÚö ÇáúßóÇÝö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóåõæó ÃóÔúåóÑõ Ãóíú : ÃóÔóÏøõåõãú åóáóÇßðÇ . æóÑõæöíó Ãóåúáóßóåõãú ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúßóÇÝö Ãóíú ÌóÚóáóåõãú åóÇáößöíäó ; áöÃóäøóåõãú åóáóßõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóåóÐóÇ Çáäøóåúíõ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÞóÇÑö æóÇáúÅöÒúÑóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÊóÝúÖöíáö äóÝúÓöåö Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ÊóÍóÒøõäðÇ áöãóÇ íóÑóì ãöäú ÇáäøóÞúÕö Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáÏøöíäö ÒóÇÏó(2/232)
Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö æóÝöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó : íóÚúäöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøó ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÃóäóÓó Èúäó ãóÇáößò áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó ÌóãöíÚðÇ . åóßóÐóÇ ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãóÇáößñ æóÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóíúåö ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó , æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÊóÍóÒøõäðÇ áöãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäú ÇáäøóÞúÕö ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóÑóì Ðóáößó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö áóßöäú áóÇ íõÒóßøöí äóÝúÓóåõ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøõ : ãóÚúäóÇåõ áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÚöíÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó æóíóÐúßõÑõ ãóÓóÇæöíóåõãú æóíóÞõæáõ : ÝóÓóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóåóáóßõæÇ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó , ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó Ãóåúáóßõåõãú Ãóíú : ÃóÓúæóÃõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÈöãóÇ íóáúÍóÞõåõ ãöäú ÇáúÅöËúãö Ýöí ÚóíúÈöåöãú æóÇáúæóÞöíÚóÉö Ýöíåöãú æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÏøóÇåõ Ðóáößó Åáóì ÇáúÚóÌóÈö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÑõÄúíóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõãú . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö ãóäú ÝóÊóÍóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÝöÚúáðÇ ãóÇÖöíðÇ , æóãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÄóíøöÓõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö íóÞõæáõæäó : åóáóßó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ãóíú : ÇÓúÊóæúÌóÈõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÈöÓõæÁö ÃóÚúãóÇáöåöãú , ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ áóåõãú áóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóæú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú æóÂíóÓóåõãú Íóãóáóåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáöÇäúåöãóÇßö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÞóÚóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúåóáóÇßö , æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÖøóãøõ ÝóãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó Ãóåúáóßõåõãú Ãóíú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú åóáóÇßðÇ , æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõæáóÚõ ÈöÚóíúÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóÑóì áóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÖúáðÇ . æóÝöí ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÌõäúÏõÈö(2/233)
Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö { Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏøóËó Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÇáó : æóÇóááøóåö áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áöÝõáóÇäò , æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó : ãóäú ÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÃóáøóì Úóáóíøó Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÛúÝöÑó áöÝõáóÇäò ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áöÝõáóÇäò æóÃóÍúÈóØúÊõ Úóãóáóßó . } Ãóæú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó : ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÍóÈóØó ÈöÞóÏúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉö áóÇ ßõáøõ Úóãóáöåö , æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞóÊú ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ Ýöí ÝõÕõæáö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö .
590
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí Þóæúáö ÍóÑóËúÊõ ÈóÏóáó ÒóÑóÚúÊõ ãõæóÇÝöÞóÉð áöáúÂíóÉö ) . Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ ËóäóÇ ãõÓúáöãõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÍóÑóãöíøõ ËóäóÇ ãóÎúáóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÍóÓøóÇäó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { áóÇ íóÞõæáõ : ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÒóÑóÚúÊõ áöíóÞõáú ÍóÑóËúÊõ . } ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóáóãú ÊóÓúãóÚõæÇ Åáóì Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì : { ÃóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÒúÑóÚõæäóåõ Ãóãú äóÍúäõ ÇáÒøóÇÑöÚõæäó } ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãóÎúáóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ æóãóÎúáóÏñ ãöäú ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÞóáó Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåö .
591(2/234)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÚöäóÈö ßóÑúãðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÑúãó íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóãúÑö ) . Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áóÇ íóÞõæáóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú áöáúÚöäóÈö ÇáúßóÑúãó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÑúãó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ . } æóÝöí áóÝúÙò { ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÑúãó ÞóáúÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö . } æóáöÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏ æóÛóíúÑöåö { æóáóßöäú ÞõæáõæÇ ÍóÏóÇÆöÞó ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÈö . } æóÊõÑúÌöãó Úóáóíúåö ( ÈóÇÈñ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáúãóäúØöÞö ) æóáöãõÓúáöãò Úóäú æóÇÆöáò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ ÇáúßóÑúãó æóáóßöäú ÞõæáõæÇ ÇáúÚöäóÈó æóÇáúÍóÈúáóÉó } æóÇáúÍóÈúáóÉõ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÍóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö æóÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÁö æóÅöÓúßóÇäöåóÇ ÔóÌóÑóÉõ ÇáúÚöäóÈö ÝóÝöí åóÐóÇ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÚöäóÈö Ãóæú ÔóÌóÑóÊöåö ßóÑúãðÇ , Èóáú íõÞóÇáõ : ÚöäóÈñ Ãóæú ÍóÈóáóÉñ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈó ßóÇäóÊú ÊõØúáöÞõ ÇáúßóÑúãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÚóáóì ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÇáúãõÊøóÎóÐóÉö ãöäúåõ Ýóäóåóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ Úóäú ÅØúáóÇÞöåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÝóíóÞóÚõæäó ÝöíåóÇ , æóÞóÇáó ÅäøóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ Ãóæú ÞóáúÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÑúãó ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäú ÇáúßóÑóãö ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö ÝóÓõãøöíó ÞóáúÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ßóÑúãðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÇáúÎóíúÑö , ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö íõÞóÇáõ : ÑóÌõáñ ßóÑúãñ ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáÑøóÇÁö æóÅöÓúßóÇäöåóÇ æóßóÐóÇ ÑóÌõáóÇäö æóÑöÌóÇáñ æóÇãúÑóÃóÉñ æóäöÓúæóÉñ æóÕúÝñ ÈöÇáúãóÕúÏóÑö ßóÖöíÞò æóÚóÏúáò æóÓóÈóÞó ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊõ ãöäú ÇáØøöÈøö .
592(2/235)
ÝóÕúáñ : áöíóÞõáú ÇáúãóÑúÁõ áóÞóÓóÊú äóÝúÓöí ÈóÏóáó ÎóÈõËóÊú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÓóåúáö Èúäö ÍõäóíúÝò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áóÇ íóÞõæáóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÎóÈõËóÊú äóÝúÓöí æóáóßöäú áöíóÞõáú áóÞóÓóÊú äóÝúÓöí . } æóåõãóÇ ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò , æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßõÑöåó áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÎõÈúËö æóÈóÔóÇÚóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúãö , æóãóÚúäóì áóÞóÓóÊú ÚóÊóÊú æóÞöíáó : ÖóÇÞóÊú , æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí íóäóÇãõ Úóäú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ÎóÈöíËó ÇáäøóÝúÓö ßóÓúáóÇäó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÎúÈöÑñ Úóäú ÕöÝóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö æóÚóäú ÔóÎúÕò ãõÈúåóãò ãóÐúãõæãò ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò æóíóÊóæóÌøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áöÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÎóÈóÑó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ÈöáóÝúÙö { áóÇ íóÞõæáóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÌóÇÔóÊú äóÝúÓöí } .
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ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ËóäóÇ æóåúÈõ Èúäõ ÈóÞöíøóÉó Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò íóÚúäöí ÇáúÍóÐøóÇÁó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÊóãöíãóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãóáöíÍö ÞóÇáó : { ßõäúÊõ ÑóÏöíÝó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÚóËóÑóÊú ÏóÇÈøóÊõåõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ : ÊóÚöÓó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÝóÞóÇáó : áóÇ ÊóÞõáú ÊóÚöÓó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÅÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó Ðóáößó ÊóÚóÇÙóãó ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ãöËúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíóÞõæáõ : ÈöÞõæøóÊöí , æóáóßöäú Þõáú ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÝóÅöäøóßó ÅÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó Ðóáößó ÊóÕóÇÛóÑó ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ãöËúáó ÇáÐøõÈóÇÈö } . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö Úóäú ÈõäúÏóÇÑò Úóäú ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøö Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÊóãöíãóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãóáöíÍö ÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáñ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏò Èúäö ÍóÇÊöãò Úóäú ÓõæóíúÏò Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÊóãöíãóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãóáöíÍö Úóäú ÑöÏúÝö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ Èúäõ ÍõãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÞóíúÓöíøõ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÊóãöíãóÉó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãóáöíÍö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÌóíøöÏõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö æóÃóÈõæ ÊóãöíãóÉó ØóÑöíÝñ Èúäõ ãõÌóÇáöÏò æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúãóáöíÍö åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó æóãõÍóãøóÏñ Èúäõ ÍõãúÑóÇäó áóåõ ÅÝúÑóÇÏñ æóÛóÑóÇÆöÈõ . íõÞóÇáõ : ÊóÚöÓó íóÊúÚóÓõ ÅÐóÇ ÚóËóÑó æóÇäúßóÈøó áöæóÌúåöåö æóÞóÏú ÊõÝúÊóÍõ ÇáúÚóíúäõ æóåõæó ÏõÚóÇÁñ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúåóáóÇßö .
594(2/237)
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æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö , æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ . æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßöÊóÇÈö ÇááøóæóÇÍöÞö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÏóÇæõÏ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ãóÚúäóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÞóÇáó : åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÎúÊóÕóÑñ íóÚúäöí { ãóäú ÞóØóÚó ÓöÏúÑóÉð Ýöí ÝóáóÇÉò íóÓúÊóÙöáøõ ÈöåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøóÈöíáö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãõ ÚóÈóËðÇ æóÙõáúãðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøò íóßõæäõ áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÕóæøóÈó Çááøóåõ ÑóÃúÓóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö } .
595
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ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö , æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑñ æóáóÇ äóåúíñ Úóäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúíóÞóÙóÉö Ýóåóáú íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ¿ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ : Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú Þóæúáö ÍóãúÒóÉó ÇáÒøóíøóÇÊö Åäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÝóÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÃóÈóÇäó íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÚóíøóÇÔò ÝóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ãöäúåõ ÅáøóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÓöíÑðÇ ÞóÇáó : æóåóÐóÇ æóãöËúáõåõ ÇÓúÊöÆúäóÇÓñ æóÇÓúÊöÙúåóÇÑñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ãöäú ÖóÚúÝö ÃóÈóÇäó áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÞúØóÚõ ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáúãóäóÇãö áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÈúØõáõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ÓõäøóÉñ ËóÈóÊóÊú æóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊ Èöåö ÓõäøóÉñ áóãú ÊóËúÈõÊú , æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÇáäøóæóÇæöíøõ : æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ : ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóäóÞóáõæÇ ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÛóíøóÑõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóáóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ åóÐóÇ Þóæúáóåõ : { ãóäú ÑóÂäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÂäöí } ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøó ÑõÄúíóÊóåõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ , æóáóíúÓóÊú ãöäú ÃóÖúÛóÇËö ÇáúÃóÍúáóÇãö æóÊóáóÈøõÓö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö , æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÅËúÈóÇÊõ Íõßúãò ÔóÑúÚöíøò Èöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÍóÇáóÉó Çáäøóæúãö áóíúÓóÊú ÍóÇáóÉó ÖóÈúØò æóÊóÍúÞöíÞò áöãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåõ ÇáÑøóÇÆöí . æóÞóÏú ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ãóäú ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõ æóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóíóÞøöÙðÇ áóÇ ãõÛóÝøóáðÇ æóáóÇ ÓóíøöÆó ÇáúÍöÝúÙö æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑó ÇáúÎóØóÅö æóáóÇ ãõÎúÊóáøó ÇáÖøóÈúØö , æóÇáäøóÇÆöãõ áóíúÓó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Ýóáóãú ÊõÞúÈóáú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇáö ÖóÈúØöåö , ÃóãøóÇ ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ(2/244)
Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÝöÚúáò ãóäúÏõæÈò Åáóíúåö Ãóæú íóäúåóÇåõ Úóäú ãóäúåöíøò Úóäúåõ Ãóæú íõÑúÔöÏõåõ Åáóì ÝöÚúáö ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Úóáóì æóÝúÞöåö ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó áóíúÓó ÍõßúãðÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúãóäóÇãö Èóáú ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó ãöäú ÃóÕúáö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ , æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚúäóì ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÊóÞöíøö ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò : ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö Èúäõ ÏóÞöíÞö ÇáúÚöíÏö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö : Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÃóÑóì ÑõÄúíóÇßõãú ÞóÏú ÊóæóÇØóÃóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÇáúÃóæóÇÎöÑö . } : Åäøóåõ åóáú íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ¿ Ýöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ , æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ : { ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÑõÄúíóÇ íõÍöÈøõåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ãöäú Çááøóåö ÝóáúíóÍúãóÏú Çááøóåó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóáúíõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ , æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóßúÑóåõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ãöäú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚöÐú ãöäú ÔóÑøöåóÇ æóáóÇ íóÐúßõÑúåóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõåõ } . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ãöäú Çááøóåö , æóÇáúÍõáúãõ ãöäú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÅöÐóÇ Íóáóãó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÍõáúãðÇ ÝóáúíóäúÝõËú Úóáóì íóÓóÇÑöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóáúíóÊóÚóæøóÐú ÈöÇóááøóåö ãöäú ÔóÑøöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóäú ÊóÖõÑøóåõ . } æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò { ÝóáúíóÈúÕõÞú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö Íöíäó íóåõÈøõ ãöäú äóæúãöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ . } æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò { ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ íóßúÑóåõåõ ÝóáúíóäúÝõËú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ . æóáöãõÓúáöãò ÝóáúíóÊóÍóæøóáú Úóäú ÌóäúÈöåö(2/245)
ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö . } æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò { ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉõ ãöäú Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáÓøõæÁõ ãöäú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö , Ýóãóäú ÑóÃóì ÑõÄúíóÇ ÝóßóÑöåó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáúíóäúÝõËú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö æóáúíóÊóÚóæøóÐú ÈöÇóááøóåö ãöäú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõåõ æóáóÇ íõÎúÈöÑú ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ , ÝóÅöäú ÑóÃóì ÑõÄúíóÇ ÍóÓóäóÉð ÝóáúíõÈóÔøöÑú æóáóÇ íõÎúÈöÑú ÈöåóÇ ÅáøóÇ ãóäú íõÍöÈøõ } . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò { ÝóáúíóÊúÝõáú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóáúíóÊóÚóæøóÐú ÈöÇóááøóåö ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö æóÔóÑøöåóÇ æóáóÇ íõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóäú ÊóÖõÑøóåõ . } Ñóæóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ . ÇáúÍõáúãõ ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÍóÇÁö æóÅöÓúßóÇäö ÇááøóÇãö æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãöäúåõ Íóáóãó ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇááøóÇãö æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÝóáúíóäúÝõËú " æóÞóÏú Þöíáó : Åäøó Çáúßõáøó ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÝöí ÔóÑúÍö ãõÓúáöãò áóÚóáøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÝúËõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ äóÝúÎñ áóØöíÝñ ÈöáóÇ ÑöíÞò æóÚóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó : { ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ íóßúÑóåõåóÇ ÝóáúíóÈúÕõÞú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóáúíóÓúÊóÚöÐú ÈöÇóááøóåö ãöäú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ËóáóÇËðÇ æóáúíóÊóÍóæøóáú Úóäú ÌóäúÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö . } ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ . æóÚóäú æóÇËöáóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { Åäøó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÝöÑóì Ãóäú íóÏøóÚöíó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Åáóì ÛóíúÑö ÃóÈöíåö , Ãóæú íõÑöíó Úóíúäóåõ ãóÇ áóãú ÊóÑó , Ãóæú íóÞõæáó : Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõáú . } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó { ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÝöÑóì } ÈöÅöÓúÞóÇØö ãöäú æóáöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò { ãóäú ÊóÍóáøóãó ÈöÍõáúãò áóãú íóÑóåõ ßõáøöÝó(2/246)
Ãóäú íóÚúÞöÏó Èóíúäó ÔóÚöíÑóÊóíúäö æóáóäú íóÝúÚóáó . } æóáöáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÖóÚöíÝò { ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÍóÇÑö } . æóÝöí ÎóÈóÑö ÃóäóÓò { Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó íõÚúÌöÈõåõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÑõÄúíóÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóíúÓó Èöåö ÈóÃúÓñ ßóÇäó ÃóÚúÌóÈó áöÑõÄúíóÇåõ Åáóíúåö , æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó . æóÑóÃóì ÎõÒóíúãóÉõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÞóÈøöáõåõ ÝóÊóÃóæøóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÈøóáó æóÌúåóåõ . } . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò { ÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÌõÏõ Úóáóì ÌóÈúåóÊöåö ÝóæóÖóÚó ÌóÈúåóÊóåõ Úóáóì ÌóÈúåóÊöåö Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : ÕóÏøöÞú ÑõÄúíóÇßó ÝóÓóÌóÏó Úóáóì ÌóÈúåóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó } Ñóæóì Ðóáößó ÃóÍúãóÏõ . { æóÑóÃóì ÇáØøõÝóíúáõ Èúäõ ÓóÎúÈóÑóÉó ÑóåúØðÇ ãöäú ÇáúíóåõæÏö ÝóÞóÇáó : Åäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãú ÇáúÞóæúãõ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóÒúÚõãõæäó ÚõÒóíúÑðÇ ÇÈúäó Çááøóåö Ëõãøó ÑóÃóì ÑóåúØðÇ ãöäú ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ÞóÇáó : Åäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãú ÇáúÞóæúãõ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó : ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ ÇÈúäõ Çááøóåö . æóßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ , æóÃóäúÊõãú ÇáúÞóæúãõ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó : ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ æóÔóÇÁó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ëõãøó ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó : ÃóÎúÈóÑúÊó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÕóáøóæúÇ ÎóØóÈóåõãú ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó æóÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : Åäøó ØõÝóíúáðÇ ÑóÃóì ÑõÄúíóÇ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöåóÇ ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöäúßõãú æóÅöäøóßõãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó ßóáöãóÉð ßóÇäó íóãúäóÚõäöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÁõ ãöäúßõãú } . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ . ËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäó ËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò Úóäú(2/247)
ÑöÈúÚöíøö Èúäö ÎöÑóÇÔò Úóäú ØõÝóíúáò æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ : { áóÇ ÊóÞõÕøó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÅáøóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÇáöãò Ãóæú äóÇÕöÍò } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ Úóäú æóßöíÚö Èúäö ÚõÏõÓò Úóäú Úóãøöåö ÃóÈöí ÑóÒöíäò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ Úóáóì ÑöÌúáö ØóÇÆöÑò ãóÇ áóãú ÊõÚúÈóÑú ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÈöÑóÊú æóÞóÚóÊú ÞóÇáó æóÃóÍúÓöÈõåõ ÞóÇáó æóáóÇ ÊóÞõÕøóåóÇ ÅáøóÇ Úóáóì æóÇÏøò Ãóæú Ðöí ÑóÃúíò } æóßöíÚñ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Úóäúåõ íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò , æóæóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÞóÇáó : ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóÝöí áóÝúÙò { ãóÇ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú ÈöåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú } . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ . Þöíáó áöãóÇáößò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÃóíóÚúÈõÑõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö , æóåöíó ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÑøö ÞóÇáó : ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö ÃóÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÊóáúÚóÈõ ¿ åöíó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö . ÞóÇáó ÍóäúÈóáñ : ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö íóÞõæáõ : ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóáöíøðÇ Èúäó ÚóÇÕöãò Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÄúÐóäó áöí ÈöÇáöÇäúÍöÏóÇÑö íóÚúäöí ãöäú ÇáúÚóÓúßóÑö ÃóíøóÇãó ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáö ÈöáóíúáóÊóíúäö ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõåõ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò äóÓöíÊõåõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõåõ : Úóáöíøñ Úõáõæøñ æóÚóÇÕöãñ ÚöÕúãóÉõ Çááøóåö ÝóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö Úóáóì Ðóáößó . æóÑóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóãõÓúáöãñ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö : Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÐóÇÊó áóíúáóÉò ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáäøóÇÆöãõ ßóÃóäøóÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò ÝóÃõÊöíäóÇ ÈöÑõØóÈò ãöäú ÑõØóÈö ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò ÝóÃóæøóáúÊõ : ÇáÑøöÝúÚóÉõ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ,(2/248)
æóÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóÃóäøó ÏöíäóäóÇ ÞóÏú ØóÇÈó . } Þóæúáõåõ : ÈöÑõØóÈò ãöäú ÑõØóÈö ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò æóåõæó äóæúÚñ ãöäú ÇáÑøõØóÈö ãóÚúÑõæÝñ íõÞóÇáõ : áóåõ ÑõØóÈõ ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò æóÊóãúÑõ ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò æóÚöÐúÞõ ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò æóÚõÑúÌõæäõ ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò . æóåõæó ãõÖóÇÝñ Åáóì ÇÈúäö ØóÇÈò ÑóÌõáò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÞóæúáõåõ : " æóÃóäøó ÏöíäóäóÇ ÞóÏú ØóÇÈó " Ãóíú : ßóãõáó æóÑóÃóì Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÓóæúÏóÇÁó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãöäú ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáóÊú ÈöãóåúíóÚóÉó ÝóÊóÃóæøóáúÊõåóÇ Ãóäøó æóÈóÇÁó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö äõÞöáó Åáóì ãóåúíóÚóÉó æóåöíó ÇáúÌõÍúÝóÉõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ .
597(2/249)
ÝóÕúáñ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏñ ÈöÇáúÞóáúÈö ) ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÞóÇáó : ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãóÇÒöäöíøõ ãóÐúåóÈõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÎúáõÞõ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊò ßóãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåóÇ Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÇáúíóÞúÙóÇäö , æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõåõ äóæúãñ æóáóÇ íóÞóÙóÉñ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊö ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÚóáóãðÇ Úóáóì ÃõãõæÑò ÃõÎóÑó ÊóáúÍóÞõåóÇ Ýöí ËóÇäöí ÇáúÍóÇáö Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóáóÞóåóÇ , ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó Ýöí ÞóáúÈö ÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÇáØøóíóÑóÇäó æóáóíúÓó ÈöØóÇÆöÑò ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÃóãúÑðÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ åõæó Ýóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÚóáóãðÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö , ßóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóáúÞõ Çááøóåö ÇáúÛóíúãó ÚóáóãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóØóÑö , æóÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ÎóáúÞõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóßöäú íóÎúáõÞõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÚóáóãðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÓõÑøõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö æóíóÎúáõÞõ ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóãñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÖõÑøõ ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÊõäúÓóÈõ Åáóì ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ãõÌóÇÒóÇÉð áöÍõÖõæÑöåö ÚöäúÏóåóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÝöÚúáó áóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð . æóáöÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò { ÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæåóÇ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåóÇ æóßóäøõæåóÇ ÈößõäóÇåóÇ æóÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ áöÃóæøóáö ÚóÇÈöÑò . } . æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó : áóÇ ÑõÄúíóÇ áöÎóÇÆöÝò ÅáøóÇ Åäú ÑóÃóì ãóÇ íõÍöÈøõ . æóÞóÇáó åöÔóÇãñ Èúäõ ÍóÓøóÇäò : ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÑõÄúíóÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÌöíÈõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó : ÇÊøóÞö Çááøóåó æóÃóÍúÓöäú Ýöí ÇáúíóÞóÙóÉö , ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÖõÑøõßó ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊ Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö æóßóÇäó(2/250)
íõÌöíÈõ Ýöí ÎöáóÇáö Ðóáößó æóíóÞõæáõ : ÅäøóãóÇ ÃõÌöíÈõåõ ÈöÇáÙøóäøö , æóÇáÙøóäøõ íõÎúØöÆõ æóíõÕöíÈõ , Þöíáó áöÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò : ßóãú ÊóÊóÃóÎøóÑõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ¿ ÞóÇáó { : ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÃóäøó ßóáúÈðÇ ÃóÈúÞóÚó íóáóÛõ Ýöí Ïóãöåö , } ÝóßóÇäó ÔöãúÑó Èúäó Ðöí ÇáúÌóæúÔóäö ÞóÇÊöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ , æóßóÇäó ÃóÈúÑóÕó ÃóÎúÒóÇåõ Çááøóåõ , æóßóÇäó ÊóÃúæöíáõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÎóãúÓöíäó ÓóäóÉð . ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÌóÇáöÓñ ãóÚó ÃõäóÇÓò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÝöíåöãú Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó æóÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊó Åáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó : Åäøöí ÓóÇÆöáõßõãú Úóäú ÎöÕóÇáò ÝóÃóÎúÈöÑõæäöí ÈöåóÇ : ÃóÎúÈöÑõæäöí Úóäú ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÈóíúäóãóÇ åõæó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÅÐú äóÓöíóåõ , æóÚóäú ÇáÑøóÌõáö íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó æóáóãú íóáúÞóåõ æóÚóäú ÇáÑøõÄúíóÊóíúäö ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÍóÞøñ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÃóÖúÛóÇËñ , æóÚóäú ÓóÇÚóÉò ãöäú Çááøóíúáö áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ ÅáøóÇ æóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÑóæøóÚñ æóÚóäú ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉö ÇáØøóíøöÈóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ÝóÓóßóÊó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÝóÞóÇáó : æóáóÇ ÃóäúÊó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Èóáóì æóÇóááøóåö Åäøó ÚöäúÏöí ãöäú Ðóáößó áóÚöáúãðÇ : ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈóíúäóãóÇ åõæó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÅÐú äóÓöíóåõ ÝóÅöäøó Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáúÈö ØóÎóÇÁð ßóØóÎóÇÁö ÇáúÞóãóÑö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÑøöíó Úóäúåõ ÐóßóÑó , æóÅöÐóÇ ÃõÚöíÏó Úóáóíúåö äóÓöíó æóÛóÝóáó . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÍöÈøõ ÇáÑøóÌõáó æóáóãú íóáúÞóåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍó ÃóÌúäóÇÏñ ãõÌóäøóÏóÉñ , ÝóãóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÝó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÆúÊóáóÝó æóãóÇ ÊóäóÇßóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó , æóÃóãøóÇ(2/251)
ÇáÑøõÄúíóÊóÇäö Åäøó ÅÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÍóÞøñ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÃóÖúÛóÇËñ , ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÑõæÍóíúäö , ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÇãó ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÑõæÍñ ÝóÃóÊóÊú ÇáúÍóãöíãó æóÇáÕøóÏöíÞó æóÇáúÈóÚöíÏó æóÇáúÞóÑöíÈó æóÇáúÚóÏõæøó ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ãóáóßõæÊö ÇáÓøóãóæóÇÊö Ýóåöíó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉõ , æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö Ýóåöíó ÇáúÃóÖúÛóÇËõ , æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøõæÍõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÝóáöáäøóÝóÓö æóÇáúÞóáúÈö . æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ ãöäú Çááøóíúáö ÇáøóÊöí áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÅáøóÇ æóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÑóæøóÚñ ÝóÅöäøó Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉó ÇáøóÊöí íóÑúÊóÝöÚõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ íóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ Ýöí ÊóÛúÑöíÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÊõÍöÓøõåõ ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ ÝóÊóÑúÊóÇÚõ áöÐóáößó , æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøöíÍõ ÇáØøóíøöÈóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ÅÐóÇ ØóáóÚó ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÑöíÍñ ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÍóÑøóßóÊú ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýóåöíó ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉõ ÇáØøóíøöÈóÉõ ÎõÐúåóÇ íóÇ ÚõãóÑõ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ : ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò : ÇáØøóÎóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúãóÏøö ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈõ ÇáúãõÑúÊóÝöÚõ íõÞóÇáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÌóÏúÊ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈöí ØóÎóÇÁð æóåõæó ÔöÈúåõ ÇáúßóÑúÈö . ÞóÇáó ÇááøöÍúíóÇäöíøõ : ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ØõÎúíóÉñ ÈöÇáÖøóãøö Ãóíú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÓóÍóÇÈò . ÞóÇáó : æóåõæó ãöËúáõ ÇáØøõÍúÑõæÑö æóÇáØøóÎóÇÁö , ÝóãóãúÏõæÏñ ÇááøóíúáóÉõ ÇáúãõÙúáöãóÉõ , æóÊóßóáøóãó ÈößóáöãóÉò ØóÎúíóÇÁó áóÇ ÊõÝúåóãõ .
598(2/252)
ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : ÃóÏúÎóáúÊ ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó : Åäøó Ãõãøöíó ÑóÃóÊú áóß ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ æóÐóßóÑóÊú ÇáúÌóäøóÉó . ÝóÞóÇáó : íóÇ ÃóÎöí Åäøó Óóåúáó Èúäó ÓóáóÇãóÉó ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõÎúÈöÑõæäóåõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ , æóÎóÑóÌó Óóåúáñ Åáóì ÓóÝúßö ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö æóÞóÇáó : ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÊóÓõÑøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäó æóáóÇ ÊóÛõÑøõåõ .
599
ÝóÕúáñ ( ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÇáúÅöØúÑóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÏøóÇÍöíäó ) . Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáúãóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö áöãóäú ÎöíÝó Úóáóíúåö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉñ ãöäú ÚõÌúÈò æóäóÍúæöåö , æóÌóæóÇÒöåö áöãóäú Ãõãöäó ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö . æóÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÊóÍúÑöíãõåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó { : ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõËúäöí Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóíõØúÑöíåö Ýöí ÇáúãöÏúÍóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó : ÃóåúáóßúÊõãú Ãóæú ÞóØóÚúÊõãú ÙóåúÑó ÇáÑøóÌõáö } . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ . ÇáúÅöØúÑóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { : ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãú ÇáúãóÏøóÇÍöíäó ÝóÇÍúËõæÇ Ýöí æõÌõæåöåöãú ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈó } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏö . æóÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ æóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÌóãúÚðÇ ÈóíúäóåóÇ , æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö ÝóÍóËóì ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈó Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö , æóÞóÇáóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : ßóÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÈöÑóÌõáò ÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ . æóÞöíáó ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÏøó æóÇáúÎóíúÈóÉó ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöáØøóÇáöÈö ÇáúãóÑúÏõæÏö æóÇáúÎóÇÆöÈö áóãú íõÍóÕøöáú Ýöí ßóÝøöåö ÛóíúÑó ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö .(2/253)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö : æóÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúãóÏøóÇÍöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÎóÐõæÇ ãóÏúÍó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÚóÇÏóÉð æóÌóÚóáõæåõ ÈöÖóÇÚóÉð íóÓúÊóÃúßöáõæäó Èöåö ÇáúãóãúÏõæÍó , ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ãóÏóÍó Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ Ýöí ÃóãúËóÇáöåö æóÊóÍúÑöíÖðÇ áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö Èöåö Ýöí ÃóÔúÈóÇåöåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãóÏøóÇÍò , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó ãóÇÏöÍðÇ ÈöãóÇ Êóßóáøóãó Èöåö ãöäú Ìóãöíáö ÇáúÞóæúáö ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑóÉó { ÃóËúäóì ÑóÌõáñ Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó : æóíúáóß ÞóØóÚúÊ ÚõäõÞó ÕóÇÍöÈöß ËóáóÇËðÇ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú ãóÇÏöÍðÇ ÃóÎóÇåõ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó ÝóáúíóÞõáú ÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ , æóÇóááøóåõ ÍóÓöíÈõåõ æóáóÇ íõÒóßøöí Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ Åäú ßóÇäó íóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ . ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ : ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åáóì ÃóÈöí ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÈöÔúÑò ÝóÐóßóÑõæåõ ÝóÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö ÈöÔúÑñ , æóÞóÇáó : áóÇ íóäúÓóì Çááøóåõ áöÃóÍúãóÏó ÕóäöíÚóåõ , ËóÈóÊó æóËóÈóÊúäóÇ , æóáóæúáóÇåõ áóåóáóßúäóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö : æóæóÌúåõ ÃóÈöí íóÊóåóáøóáõ , ÝóÞõáúÊ : íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÃóáóíúÓó ÊóßúÑóåõ ÇáúãóÏúÍó Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó : íóÇ Èõäóíøó ÅäøóãóÇ ÐõßöÑúÊ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó , æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäøöí ÝóÍóãöÏó ÕóäöíÚöí , æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó : Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ãöÑúÂÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö } . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò : áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ Ýöí æóÌúåöåö : ÃóÍúíóíúÊ ÇáÓøõäøóÉó .(2/254)
ÞóÇáó : åóÐóÇ ÝóÓóÇÏñ áöÞóáúÈö ÇáÑøóÌõáö . æóÞóÇáó ÎóØøóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò : ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚõËúãóÇäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò : áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÎóíúÑò ãóÇ ãóäøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÈóÞóÇÆöß æóßóáóÇãñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæö ßóËöíÑñ , ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ : áóÇ ÊóÞõáú åóÐóÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäó . æóãóäú ÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ¿ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáÏøóÇÚöíäó áóß ÝóÊóÛóÑúÛóÑóÊú Úóíúäõåõ , æóÞóÇáó : ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇÌðÇ . æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ æóÇÓöÚò : áóæú Ãóäøó áöáÐøõäõæÈö ÑöíÍðÇ ãóÇ ÌóáóÓó Åáóíøó ãöäúßõãú ÃóÍóÏñ . ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : Åäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó ÞóÇáó áöí : ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö áóãú íóÒúåóÏú Ýöí ÇáÏøóÑóÇåöãö æóÍúÏóåóÇ . ÞóÏú ÒóåöÏó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö , ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : æóãóäú ÃóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÒúåóÏó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö . ÇáäøóÇÓõ íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íõÒóåøöÏõæäöí . æóÞóÇáó áöí ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ÃóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóäóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÙõäøõæäó , æóíóÛúÝöÑó áóäóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó . æóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóíúÊõßó . ÞóÇáó : ÇõÞúÚõÏú ÃóíúÔò ÐóÇ ¿ ãóäú ÃóäóÇ ¿ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ : ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÍóÓøóÇäó ÞóÇáó : ÏóÎóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÔóíúÎñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö , Çááøóåó Çááøóåó , ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åáóíúßó , æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓõ , ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÝóãóÓóÇÆöáõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ãõÖúØóÑøõæäó Åáóíúßó . ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : Åáóíøó ÃóäóÇ ¿ æóÇÛúÊóãøó ãöäú Þóæúáöåö æóÊóäóÝøóÓó(2/255)
ÇáÕøõÚóÏóÇÁó , æóÑóÃóíúÊ Ýöí æóÌúåöåö ÃóËóÑó ÇáúÛóãøö . Þöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ÌóÒóÇßó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÎóíúÑðÇ . ÝóÞóÇáó : Þöíáó áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö : ÌóÒóÇßó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÎóíúÑðÇ , ÝóÞóÇáó : áóÇ Èóáú ÌóÒóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó Úóäøöí ÎóíúÑðÇ . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö áöáÑøóÌõáö ÃóäóÇ ¿ æóãóäú ÃóäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ¿ æóÝöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÞóÇáó áöáÑøóÌõáö ÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Íöáøò ãöäú ÌõáõæÓößó . æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ . æóÞóÇáóÊú åöäúÏõ Ãõãøõ ÇÈúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó áöáúãóÑøõæÐöíøö : ÃõÎúÈöÑúÊ Ãóäøó ÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøðÇ ÌóÇÁó Åáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÚöäúÏóåõ Þóæúãñ ÌõáõæÓñ ÝóÞóÇáó : íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÊó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÈöÎõÑóÇÓóÇäó ãöËúáõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö , ÝóÊóÛóíøóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóßóÑöåó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó æóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉó , æóÞóÇãó ÝóÏóÎóáó . æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÌóíøöÏò Úóäú ãóÚúÈóÏò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ : { ÅíøóÇßõãú æóÇáÊøóãóÇÏõÍó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáÐøóÈúÍõ } . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ( ßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ÇáÊøóãóÇÏõÍö ) : ËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ ËóäóÇ ÈöÔúÑñ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÇáúãõÝóÖøóáö ËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãóÓúáóãóÉó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó Úóäú ãõØóÑøöÝò ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó áöí : Åäøöí { ÇäúØóáóÞúÊ Ýöí æóÝúÏö Èóäöí ÚóÇãöÑò Åáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞõáúäóÇ : ÃóäúÊó ÓóíøöÏõäóÇ . ÝóÞóÇáó : ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì . ÞõáúäóÇ : æóÃóÝúÖóáõäóÇ ÝóÖúáðÇ æóÃóÚúÙóãõäóÇ ØõæáðÇ , ÝóÞóÇáó : ÞõæáõæÇ ÈöÞóæúáößõãú Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖö Þóæúáößõãú , æóáóÇ íóÓúÎóÑõ Èößõãú ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ } . ÅÓúäóÇÏñ ÌóíøöÏñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö(2/256)
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æóÝöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÚúÏó ÝõÕõæáö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö æóíóÃúÊöí ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö , æóÞóÏú ÕóÍøó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó : { æóÓõÆöáó Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÎóíúÑñ ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ íõÌóÇåöÏõ Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö , Ëõãøó ãõÄúãöäñ Ýöí ÔöÚúÈò ãöäú ÇáÔøöÚóÇÈö íóÊøóÞöí ÑóÈøóåõ æóíóÏóÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäú ÔóÑøöåö } . æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ : ÇáØøóãóÚõ ÝóÞúÑñ æóÇáúíóÃúÓõ Ûöäðì , æóÇáúÚõÒúáóÉõ ÑóÇÍóÉñ ãöäú ÌóáöíÓö ÇáÓøõæÁö , æóÞóÑöíäõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö : ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ äöÚúãó ÕóæúãóÚóÉõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÈóíúÊõåõ íóÕõæäõ Ïöíäóåõ æóÚöÑúÖóåõ , æóÅöíøóÇßõãú æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÇÞó ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõáúÛöí æóÊõáúåöí æóÞóÇáó ãóßúÍõæáñ Åäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÝóÖúáñ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÚõÒúáóÉö ÓóáóÇãóÉð æóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÎóÇáöØõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ãóÚóÇíöÔößõãú æóÒóÇÆöáõæåõãú ÈöÃóÚúãóÇáößõãú . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÑóÞðÇ áóÇ Ôóæúßó Ýöíåö æóåõãú Çáúíóæúãó Ôóæúßñ áóÇ æóÑóÞó Ýöíåö , íõÞóÇáõ : Åäøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßõäú æóÓóØðÇ æóÇãúÔö ÌóÇäöÈðÇ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : íóÇ ÍóÈøóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉõ ãöäú ÃóäöíÓö ÅÐóÇ ÎóÔöíÊ ãöäú ÃóÐóì ÇáúÌóáöíÓö æóÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ : ãóÇ æóÌóÏúÊõ ãóäú íóÛúÝöÑõ áöí ÐóäúÈðÇ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊõÑõ Úóáóíøó ÒóáøóÉð ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÇáúåóÑóÈö ãöäú ÇáäøóÇÓö ÓóáóÇãóÉð . æóÞöíáó : áöáúÝõÖóíúáö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò Ïõáøóäöí Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò ÃóÌúáöÓú Åáóíúåö ÞóÇáó : Êöáúßó ÖóÇáøóÉñ áóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : áóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóáóÓúÊó ÈöæóÇÌöÏò ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóÖóÑøó Úóáóíúßó ãöãøóäú ÊóÚúÑöÝõ ÃóãøóÇ äóÙöíÑõßó Ýóåúæó ÍóÇÓöÏõ(2/277)
äöÚúãóÉò Ãóæú Ïõæäó ÐóÇßó ÝóÐõæ ÓõÄóÇáò ãõáúÍöÝõ Ãóæú ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó ÍóÇáó Ïõæäó áöÞóÇÆöåö ÈóæøóÇÈõ ÓõæÁò æóÇáúíóÝóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÔúÑöÝõ æóáöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóæú áöãóäúÕõæÑò ÇáúÝóÞöíåö . æóÞöíáó : Åäøóåõ ÊóãúËöíáñ Èöåö : áóíúÊó ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚó áóäóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÌóÇæöÑóÉð æóáóíúÊóäóÇ áóÇ äóÑóì ãöãøóäú äóÑóì ÃóÍóÏóÇ Åäøó ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚó áóÊóåúÏóÇ Ýöí ãóÑóÇÈöÖöåóÇ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ áóíúÓó ÈöåóÇÏò ÔóÑøõåõãú ÃóÈóÏóÇ ÝóÇåúÑóÈú ÈöäóÝúÓößó æóÇÓúÊóÃúäöÓú ÈöæóÍúÏóÊöåóÇ ÊóÚöÔú ÓóáöíãðÇ ÅÐóÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ãõäúÝóÑöÏóÇ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÊóÇåöíóÉö : íóÇ ÑóÈøö Åäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó áóÇ íõäúÕöÝõæäóäöí æóÅöäú ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃõäúÕöÝúåõãú Ùóáóãõæäöí æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöí ÔóíúÁñ ÊóÕóÏøóæúÇ áöÃóÎúÐöåö æóÅöäú ÌöÆúÊõ ÃóÈúÛöí ÔóíúÆóåõãú ãóäóÚõæäöí æóÅöäú äóÇáóåõãú ÈóÐúáöí ÝóáóÇ ÔõßúÑó ÚöäúÏóåõãú æóÅöäú ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃóÈúÐõáú áóåõãú ÔóÊóãõæäöí æóÅöäú ØóÑóÞóÊúäöí äóßúÈóÉñ ÝóßöåõæÇ ÈöåóÇ æóÅöäú ÕóÍöÈóÊúäöí äöÚúãóÉñ ÍóÓóÏõæäöí ÓóÃóãúäóÚõ ÞóáúÈöí Ãóäú íóÍöäøó Åáóíúåöãú æóÃóÍúÌõÈõ Úóäúåõãú äóÇÙöÑöí æóÌõÝõæäöí æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ : ÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÚóÈúÏðÇ æóÇáúåóæóì ãóÇáößöí ÝóÕöÑúÊõ ÍõÑøðÇ æóÇáúåóæóì ÎóÇÏöãöí æóÕöÑúÊõ ÈöÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö ãõÓúÊóÃúäöÓðÇ ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÃóæúáóÇÏö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇØöí Èöåöãú ÎóíúÑñ æóáóÇ Ðõæ ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ßóÇáúÚóÇáöãö íóÇ ÚóÇÐöáöí Ýöí ÊóÑúßöåöãú ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÚõÐúÑöí ãóäúÞõæÔðÇ Úóáóì ÎóÇÊóãöí æóßóÇäó Úóáóì ÎóÇÊöãöåö ãóäúÞõæÔñ { æóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ áöÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ãöäú ÚóåúÏò } æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö : æóÃóäúÔóÏó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáÏøóÇæõÏöíøõ ÑóÇæöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö íóÊóæóÔøóÍõ áöäóÝúÓöåö : ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö áöáäøóÇÓö äõæÑñ ÝóãóÖóì ÇáäøõæÑõ æóÇÏúáóåóãøó ÇáÙøóáóÇãõ ÝóÓóÏó(2/278)
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602(2/279)
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ÓóÇÚóÇÊò íóÝõæÊõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóÒöíáõ , æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãõ ãöËúáõ ÇáúãóÒúÑóÚóÉö , æóßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Þöíáó : áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ßõáøóãóÇ ÈóÐóÑúÊ ÍóÈøóÉð ÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ áóß ÃóáúÝðÇ , åóáú ÊóÑóì íóÌõæÒõ áöáúÚóÇÞöáö Ãóäú íóÊóæóÞøóÝó Úóäú ÇáúÈóÐúÑö Ãóæú íóÊóæóÇäóì ¿ æóÇóáøóÐöí íõÚöíäõ Úóáóì ÇÛúÊöäóÇãö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏõ æóÇáúÚõÒúáóÉõ ãóåúãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóáóÇãö Ãóæú ÍóÇÌóÉò ãõåöãøóÉò áöãóäú íóáúÞóì , æóÞöáøóÉõ ÇáúÃóßúáö ÝóÅöäøó ßóËúÑóÊóåõ ÓóÈóÈõ Çáäøóæúãö ÇáØøóæöíáö æóÖóíóÇÚö Çááøóíúáö , æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Ýöí ÓöíóÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÂãóäó ÈöÇáúÌóÒóÇÁö ÈóÇäó áóåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊå .
603
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605(2/296)
ÝóÕúáñ ( íóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÚóÇáöãö ÇáÊøóæóÓøõØõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔõÄõæäöåö áöáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö ) . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ : æóíóäúÈóÛöí áöáúÚóÇáöãö Ãóäú íóÊóæóÓøóØó Ýöí ãóáúÈóÓöåö æóäóÝóÞóÊöåö æóáúíóßõäú Åáóì ÇáÊøóÞóáøõáö Ãóãúíóáó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóäúÙõÑõæäó Åáóíúåö , æóíóäúÈóÛöí áóåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ ãöãøóÇ íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÊóì ÊóÑóÎøóÕó Ýöí ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóáóÇØöíäö æóÌóãúÚö ÇáúÍõØóÇãö ÝóÇÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöËúãõ Úóáóíúåö æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Óóáöãó åõæó Ýöí ÏõÎõæáöåö Ýóáóãú íóÝúÞóåõæÇ ßóíúÝöíøóÉó ÓóáóÇãóÊöåö , æóßóáóÇãõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÈóäøóÇ : Ýöí ÇáúÝóÕúáö ÞóÈúáóåõ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÅËúãó Úóáóíúåö æóÃóäúÔóÏó : ÅÐóÇ ÞóäóÚúÊó ÈöãóíúÓõæÑò ãöäú ÇáúÞõæÊö ÃóÕúÈóÍúÊó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍõÑøðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóãúÞõæÊö íóÇ ÞõæÊó äóÝúÓöí ÅÐóÇ ãóÇ ÏóÑøó ÎóáúÝóßó áöí ÝóáóÓúÊõ ÂÓóì Úóáóì ÏõÑøò æóíóÇÞõæÊö æóÚóäú ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇáó { ãóÇ ÚóÇáó ãóäú ÇÞúÊóÕóÏó } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö Èúäõ ÚóÞöíáò Ýöí ÇáúÝõäõæäö íóÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ãóÇ äóÞúäóÚõ ãöäúßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Òöíøö ÊóÕóÇÑöíÝößõãú , ÝóÅöäøó ØóÈöíÈðÇ Èöåö ãöËúáõ ãóÑóÖöí ÝóÖóíøóÞó Úóáóíøó ÇáúÃóÛúÐöíóÉó æóáóÇ íóÍúÊóãöí ãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöí ÕöÏúÞöåö ÚöäúÏöí , ÝóÇáúÍóÙõæÇ ÍóÇáó ãóäú ÃóäúÊõãú ãöäú æóÑóËóÊöåö ßóíúÝó ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ . Ëõãøó ÞóÇãó ÍóÊøóì ÊóæóÑøóãóÊú ÞóÏóãóÇåõ íóÇ ÓöÈóÇÚõ íóÇ ÞõØøóÇÚó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö áóÇ ÊõÑóæúäó ÅáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóØóÇÑöÍö ÇáúÌöíóÝö : äóÈöíøõßõãú Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóäóÚó ãöäú ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÈöÅöÔóÇÑóÊöåóÇ Åáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊõÔóßøößõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞóÇÆöÏö , ÇäúÝóÊóÍó(2/297)
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606
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ÙóåúÑö Ûóäöíøò } ÞõáúÊõ : íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö ÌõåúÏõ ÇáúãõÞöáøö } ÞóÇáó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö : æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÊóÝóÇÖóáõæäó ÈöÅöíãóÇäöåöãú Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÍóÇÑöËóÉó : { Åäøó áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝóãóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÅíãóÇäößó ÞóÇáó : ÚóÒóÝóÊú äóÝúÓöí Úóäú ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ } . ÌóÚóáó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó ÇáúÝóÞúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÛöäóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö : æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÛóäöíøö æóÇáúÝóÞöíÑö ÝóÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáäøóÞúáö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÝóÞöíÑö , æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÝúÖöíáò ÝóäóÞõæáõ ÅäøóãóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇáÔøóßøõ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÝóÞöíÑò ÕóÇÈöÑò áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÑöíÕò ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åáóì Ûóäöíøò ÔóÇßöÑò íõäúÝöÞõ ãóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö , Ãóæú ÝóÞöíÑò ÍóÑöíÕò ãóÚó Ûóäöíøò ÍóÑöíÕò , ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÞöíÑó ÇáúÞóÇäöÚó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÇáúÛóäöíøö ÇáúÍóÑöíÕö , ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóäöíøõ ãõÊóãóÊøöÚðÇ ÈöÇáúãóÇáö Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö , ÝóÇáúÝóÞöíÑõ ÇáúÞóäõæÚõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäúåõ , æóßóÔúÝõ ÇáúÛöØóÇÁö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÅäøóãóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ áöÛóíúÑöåö æóáóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ áöÚóíúäöåö , íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÖóÇÝó Åáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö ÅÐú Èöåö íóÙúåóÑõ ÝóÖúáõåõ , æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãóÍúÐõæÑóÉð áöÚóíúäöåóÇ Èóáú áößóæúäöåóÇ ÚóÇÆöÞóÉð Úóäú ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì , æóÇáúÝóÞúÑõ áóíúÓó ãóØúáõæÈðÇ áöÚóíúäöåö áóßöäú ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÝóÞúÏó ÇáúÚóÇÆöÞö Úóäú Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÚóÏóãó ÇáÊøóÔóÇÛõáö Úóäúåõ . æóßóãú ãöäú Ûóäöíøò áóÇ íóÔúÛóáõåõ ÇáúÛöäóì Úóäú Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóßóÐóáößó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÚóÈúÏõ(2/299)
ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóßóãú ãöäú ÝóÞöíÑò ÔóÛóáóåõ ÝóÞúÑõåõ Úóäú ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö æóÕóÑóÝóåõ Úóäú ÍõÈøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáúÃõäúÓö Èöåö , æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÔøóÇÛöáõ áóåõ ÍõÈøõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÅÐú áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõ ãóÚóåõ ÍõÈøõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì , ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÍöÈøó áöÔóíúÁò ãóÔúÛõæáñ Èöåö , ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÝöÑóÇÞöåö Ãóæú Ýöí æöÕóÇáöåö , Èóáú ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÔõÛúáõåõ Ýöí ÝöÑóÇÞöåö ÃóßúËóÑó . æóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãóÔõæÞóÉõ ÇáúÛóÇÝöáöíäó ÝóÇáúãóÍúÑõæãõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÔúÛõæáñ ÈöØóáóÈöåóÇ , æóÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÔúÛõæáñ ÈöÍöÝúÙöåóÇ , æóÇáÊøóãóÊøõÚö ÈöåóÇ , æóÅöäú ÃóÎóÐúÊ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö , ÝóÇáúÝóÞöíÑõ Úóäú ÇáúÎóØóÑö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ; áöÃóäøó ÝöÊúäóÉó ÇáÓøóÑøóÇÁö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÝöÊúäóÉö ÇáÖøóÑøóÇÁö , æóãöäú ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÌöÏó , æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÂÏóãöíøöíäó ÅáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáó ãöäúåõãú ÌóÇÁó ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÈöÐóãøö ÇáúÛöäóì æóÝóÖúáö ÇáúÝóÞúÑö , æóÐóßóÑó ßóáóÇãðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ : ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÛóäöíøö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóäöíøó ãõÞúÊóÏöÑñ æóÇáúÝóÞöíÑó ÚóÇÌöÒñ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ÇáúÚóÌúÒö ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ : æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÍõÈøõ ÇáäøóÈóÇåóÉö , æóÐóåóÈó ÂÎóÑõæäó Åáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúÝóÞöíÑö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝóÞöíÑó ÊóÇÑößñ æóÇáúÛóäöíøó ãõáóÇÈöÓñ , æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãõáóÇÈóÓóÊöåóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ : æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÍõÈøõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö . æóÐóåóÈó ÂÎóÑõæäó Åáóì ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáÊøóæóÓøõØö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÈöÃóäú íóÎúÑõÌó ãöäú ÍóÏøö ÇáúÝóÞúÑö Åáóì ÃóÏúäóì ãóÑóÇÊöÈö ÇáúÛöäóì áöíóÕöáó Åáóì ÝóÖöíáóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ : æóåóÐóÇ ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú íóÑóì(2/300)
ÊóÝúÖöíáó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö , æóÃóäøó ÎöíóÇÑó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÃóæúÓóÇØõåóÇ . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ åõÈóíúÑóÉó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ ÇáúÍóäúÈóáöíøõ : æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÝóÞúÑö ÅáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇÈõ ÑöÖóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÛöäóì ÅáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÇÈõ ÓóÎóØö Çááøóåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÅÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÝóÞöíÑó ÑóÖöíó Úóäú Çááøóåö Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíÑöåö , æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÛóäöíøó ÊóÓóÎøóØó ÈöãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö , æóÐóáößó íóßúÝöí Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÇáúÝóÞöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÛóäöíøö .
607
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãö áõÈúÓö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÈöáóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉò ) Ýöí ÇááøöÈóÇÓö íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÑóÌõáò ÍõÑøò æóÚóÈúÏò ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ËóæúÈò æóÚöãóÇãóÉò æóÊößøóÉò æóÓóÑóÇæöíáó æóÔóÑóÇÈóÉò ãöäú ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÈöáóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉò äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÔóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÇáúãõäúÝóÕöáóÉõ ßóÔóÑóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÈóÑöíÏö ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáóÉõ ÝóãõÈóÇÍóÉñ ßóÒöÑøö ÍóÑöíÑò æóäóÍúæöåö , æóßóáóÇãõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö íóÞúÊóÖöí åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó : Åäøó ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏó ÈöÔóÑóÇÑöíÈöåö íóÍúÑõãõ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÃóßúËóÑóåõ æóÒúäðÇ Ýöí æóÌúåò ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì , æóÞöíáó : Èóáú ÙõåõæÑðÇ Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑö ßóáóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö , æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõáúÍóãõ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÓóÏóÇåõ ÍóÑöíÑñ æóÇááøõÍúãóÉõ ÛóÒúáñ æóáõÈúÓõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÇÝúÊöÑóÇÔõåõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöäóÇÏõ Åáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÊøößóÇÁõ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏõ ÈöÔóÑóÇÑöíÈöåö æóÓóÊúÑõ ÇáúÌõÏõÑö Èöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÓóæóÇÁñ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇÈúäö Êóãöíãò æóÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú æóÇáúÈöØóÇäóÉõ ßóÇáÙøöåóÇÑóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó .
608(2/301)
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609
ÝóÕúáñ ÝóÅöäú ÌóáóÓó Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ØóÑóÝõåõ Ãóæú æóÓóØõåõ ÍóÑöíÑñ áóãú íóÍúÑõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÌöäúÓö ÇááøõÈúÓö , æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÑõãó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÅÐóÇ Õóáøóì Úóáóì ãóßóÇä ØóÇåöÑò ãöäú ÈöÓóÇØö ØóÑóÝõåõ äóÌöÓñ ÕóÍøóÊú ÕóáóÇÊõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÇãöáò áöáäøóÌóÇÓóÉö æóáóÇ ãõÕóáøò ÚóáóíúåóÇ , æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÊøóÕóáóÊú ÈöãõÕóáøóÇåõ ßóÐóÇ åóåõäóÇ . æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÌõáõæÓó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖöåö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáñ ãöËúáõåõ ÏóÚúæóì ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉñ , Èóáú ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ãöËúáöåö ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ Úóáóíúåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÚóíúäö åõæó ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝõ ÝöíåóÇ ÍóÓóÈó ãóÇ ÃõÚöÏøóÊú áóåõ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÚóíúäõ áóÇ íõÌúáóÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ãöäúåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ , ãõÓúÊóÚúãöáðÇ áóåõ , Èóáú æóáóãú ÊõÚóÏøó ÌóãöíÚõåóÇ áöáúÌõáõæÓö Èóáú ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãõÚóÏøñ áöáúÌõáõæÓö æóÈóÚúÖõåóÇ áöáÒøöíäóÉö ÝóßóÇäó áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ Íõßúãõ äóÝúÓöåö ßóãóÇ áóæú ÇäúÝóÕóáóÇ æóãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö áóíúÓó ÈöãõæÌöÈò áöÊóÓóÇæöí ÍõßúãóíúåöãóÇ áóßöäú íóÌöíÁõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇÊøöÎóÇÐöåö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó æóíõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÇáúÅöäóÇÁó ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÐóåóÈðÇ Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉð ÍóíúËõ ÊóÞõæáõ : íóÍúÑõãõ ; áöÃóäøó ÊóÍúÑöíãóåóÇ ÃóÛúáóÙõ æóÃóÔóÏøõ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ åõäóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÓúåóáõ æóÃóÎóÝøõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÝöíåóÇ , æóÊóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóÍúÑõãó ; áöÃóäøó ÇÊøöÕóÇáó ãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÑõãú ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõåõ(2/307)
ÈöãóÇ ÍõÑøöãó íóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö áößóæúäöåö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáðÇ ãöËúáóåõ . æóÏóáöíáõåõ ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÅöäóÇÁö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÐóåóÈðÇ Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉð æóÊõÝóÇÑöÞõ ãóÓúÃóáóÊõäóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáúÈöÓóÇØö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ ØóÇåöÑðÇ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ äóÌöÓðÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ãõÚóáøóÞñ Ýöíåö ÈöÞõÑúÈóÇäö ÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÉö æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú , æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ãõÚóáøóÞñ ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö æóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó æóíõÞóæøöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ßóáóÇãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö æóÌöíåö ÇáÏøöíäö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ .
610
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÇáúÌõáõæÓö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÈöÍóÇÆöáò ÝóæúÞóåõ æóÝöí ÈöØóÇäóÊöåö ) . ÝóÅöäú æóÖóÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÌóáóÓó Úóáóíúåö Ýóåóáú íóÍúÑõãõ ¿ ÌóÚóáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÌöíåõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÍõßúãóåóÇ Íõßúãó ãóÇ áóæú ÈóÓóØó ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÌóáóÓó Úóáóíúåö ØóÇåöÑðÇ Úóáóì äóÌöÓò æóÝöíåóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö æóÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ Èöåö Ãóæú áóÇ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáØøóÇåöÑö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÌöÓö æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÙóÇåöÑõ Þóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇÓó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÍóÔúæö ÇáúÌöÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÝõÑõÔö Úóáóì ÇáúÈöØóÇäóÉö . æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÈöØóÇäóÉö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÙöåóÇÑóÊöåö , , æóÙóÇåöÑõåõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÑóÇÔö æóÛöÔóÇÁö ÇáúãöÎóÏøóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúãóáúÈõæÓö ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝóÑøóÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÝóÑøóÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáØøóÇåöÑö æóÇáäøóÌöÓö æóßóãóÇ ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõ ÌóÇäöÈóíú ÇáúÝöÑóÇÔö ÍóÑöíÑðÇ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÛóíúÑó ÍóÑöíÑò Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ .
611(2/308)
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÓóÊúÑõ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÔóÑøóÝóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ãóÚúÑõæÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò ÝóÙóÇåöÑõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÌöíåõ ÇáÏøöíäö Ãóäøó ÅÈóÇÍóÊóåõ æöÝóÇÞñ .
612
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÇáÐøóåóÈö áöáäøöÓóÇÁö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö áóÇ ÅÌúãóÇÚðÇ , æóÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ) . æóíõÈóÇÍõ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó áöáäøöÓóÇÁö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ æóÚöäúÏó ÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäúåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóãóÇáößñ æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú æóßóÐóÇ ÅÈóÇÍóÉõ ÇáÐøóåóÈö áóåõäøó . æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóØóÈó æóÞóÇáó : áóÇ ÊõáúÈöÓõæÇ äöÓóÇÁóßõãú ÇáúÍóÑöíÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú áóÈöÓóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóãú íóáúÈóÓúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö , æóÚóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ãöËúáõåõ æóÚóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ . æóÑóæóì ÃóíøõæÈõ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áöÇÈúäóÊöåö áóÇ ÊóáúÈóÓöí ÇáÐøóåóÈó , ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúß ãöäú ÍóÑøö ÇááøóåóÈö , æóÑóæóì ãõÈóÇÑóßõ Èúäõ ÝóÖóÇáóÉó Úóäú ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÑöåó ÇáÐøóåóÈó áöáäøöÓóÇÁö æóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö ãöäú ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö íõÍúãóáõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãò ÓóÇÈöÞò áöÕöÍøóÉö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóÊóÃóÎøõÑöåóÇ . ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó : ÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ãöãøóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÝõÕõæáö ÇáØøöÈøö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÏóÇæöí ÈöÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö Ãóäøó áöÈóÇÓó ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÃóÚúÏóáõ ÇááøöÈóÇÓö æóÃóæúÝóÞõåõ áöáúÈóÏóäö Ýóáöãó ÍóÑøóãóåõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ¿ Þöíáó : áöÊóÕúÈöÑó ÇáäøóÝúÓõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÊõËóÇÈó æóáóåóÇ ÚöæóÖñ Úóäúåõ , æóÞöíáó : Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÊöåö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ ÊóÔóÈøõåö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÞöíáó :(2/309)
áöãóÇ íõæÑöËõ áõÈúÓõåõ ãöäú ÇáúÃõäõæËóÉö æóÇáÊøóÎóäøõËö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÖöÏøõ ÇáÔøóåóÇãóÉö æóÇáÑøõÌõæáöíøóÉö , æóÞöíáó : áöãóÇ íõæÑöËõåõ áõÈúÓõåõ ãöäú ÇáúÝóÎúÑö æóÇáúÚõÌúÈö , æóãóäú áóãú íóÑó ÇáúÍößóãó æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíáó áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Åáóì ÌóæóÇÈò æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ .
613
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÝöíãóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ áöáÑøöÌóÇáö ãöäú ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÇáÐøóåóÈö ßóÇáúÚóáóãö æóÇáÒøöÑøö ) . æóíõÈóÇÍõ ãöäú Ðóáößó áöáÑøóÌõáö Úóáóãõ ÇáËøóæúÈö æóÑõÞúÚóÊõåõ æóáóÈöäóÉõ ÌóíúÈöåö æóÓóÌúÝõ ÇáúÝöÑóÇÁö æóäóÍúæõåóÇ ÞóÏúÑõ ßóÝøò ÍóÑöíÑò ÚóÑúÖðÇ ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì æóÞöíáó : Èóáú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÕóÇÈöÚó ãóÖúãõæãóÉñ ÝóÃóÞóáøõ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÞóØóÚó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóÇáÔøóÑúÍö æóÇÈúäö Êóãöíãò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú , æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöãõÎóÇáöÝò áöãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ , Èóáú åõãóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ æóÝöí ÇáúÚóáóãö ÇáúãõÐóåøóÈö ÞóÏúÑõ ßóÝøò Ãóæú ÃóÞóáøõ æóÇáÒøöÑøõ ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ æóÌúåóÇäö . æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÇáúÚóáóãö ÇáÏøóÞöíÞö Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÑöíÖö æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóáóãö Åäú ßóÇäó ÚóÑöíÖðÇ ßõÑöåó æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÇáÏøóÞöíÞö , æóãóäú áóÈöÓó ËöíóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ËóæúÈò ÞóÏúÑñ íõÚúÝóì Úóäúåõ æóáóæú ÌõãöÚó ÕóÇÑó ËóæúÈðÇ ÝóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇÈúäö Êóãöíãò Ãóäú áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö , æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ Èóáú íõßúÑóåõ . æóÊõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúÎöíóÇØóÉõ ÈöÍóÑöíÑò æóãóÇ ÊõáóÝøõ Èöåö ÑõÁõæÓõ ÇáúÃóßúãóÇãö æóÝõÑõæÌõ ÇáËøöíóÇÈö æóÇáÑøóÞúãö ÝóæúÞó ËóæúÈö ÞõØúäò æóäóÍúæõ Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ : æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúÎóÒøõ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ÍóÑöíÑñ ,(2/310)
æóæóÈóÑñ ØóÇåöÑñ ãöäú ÃóÑúäóÈò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöáõÈúÓö ÇáúÎóÒøö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÌóÚóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ßóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÇáËøöíóÇÈö ÇáúãóäúÓõæÌóÉö ãöäú ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö , æóÝóÑøóÞó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÈöÓóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÐóÇßó ãõÍúÏóËñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÒøó áóÇ ÓóÑóÝó Ýöíåö æóáóÇ ÎõíóáóÇÁó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÐóÇßó ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÃóæúãóÃó Åáóíúåö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåö , æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÕóÇáöÍò æóÛóíúÑöåö æóãóÇ Úõãöáó ãöäú ÓóÞóØö ÍóÑöíÑò æóãõÔóÇÞóÊöåö æóãóÇ íõáúÞöíå ÇáÕøóÇäöÚõ ãöäú Ýóãöåö ãöäú ÊóÞúØöíÚö ÇáØøóÇÞóÇÊö æóÏóÞøò æóÛóÒúáò æóäóÓúÌò Ýóåõæó ßóÍóÑöíÑò ÎóÇáöÕò Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÅöäú Óõãøöíó ÇáúÂäó ÎóÒøðÇ æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúßóÊøóÇäõ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó : áóÇ ÇáúÞóÒøõ , æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÚóÌöíÈñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóÒøó ÍóÑöíÑñ .
614(2/311)
ÝóÕúáñ æóãóÇ äõÓöÌó ÈöÐóåóÈò Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉò æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö : æóÞöíáó : Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉò Ãóæú ãõãóæøóåò Ãóæú Øóáúíò Ãóæú ßõÝøöÊó Ãóæú ØõÚøöãó ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÍóÑõãó ãõØúáóÞðÇ , æóÞöíáó : Èóáú íõßúÑóåõ ÅáøóÇ Ýöí ãöÛúÝóÑò æóÌóæúÔóäò æóÎõæÐóÉò Ãóæú Ýöí ÓöáóÇÍò áöÖóÑõæÑóÉò ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö , æóÝöíãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÍóÇáó áóæúäõåõ ãöäú Çáúãõãóæøóåö ÈöÐóåóÈò , æóÞöíáó : æóáóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ ÅÐóÇ Íõßøó æóãóÇ äöÕúÝõåõ ÍóÑöíÑñ æóÒúäðÇ Ýöí ãõáóÍøóãò æóÎóÒøò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó , æóÍóÔúæõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö Ýöí ÌõÈøóÉò Ãóæú ÝöÑóÇÔò æóÌúåóÇäö Ýöí Çáúßõáøö ÌóæóÇÒñ æóÚóÏóãõåõ , æóÞöíáó ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÝóÞóØú ßóãóÇ áóæú Ôóßøó Ýöí ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö Ãóæú ãóÓóÇÑóÇÊöåö ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÚó ÅÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáäøöÕúÝö , æóÞöíáó : ÇáúãóäúÓõæÌõ ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúãõãóæøóåõ Èöåö ßóÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ßõáøöåö . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : Åäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÊöåö áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ Ýóåõæó ãõÈóÇÍñ æóÌúåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ ÓóÃóáúÊ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÎöíóÇØóÉö ÇáúãõáóÍøóãö ÝóÞóÇáó : ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöáÑøóÌõáö ÝóáóÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöáäøöÓóÇÁö ÝóáóíúÓó Èöåö ÈóÃúÓñ . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö : íõÈóÇÍõ ÍóÔúæõ ÇáúÌöÈóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÈúÑóíúÓóãó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏøóãóåõ æóÑóÌøóÍóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò , æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíãöåö ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó : íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÌõáö æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö Êóãúæöíåõ ÍóÇÆöØò æóÓóÞúÝò æóÓóÑöíÑò ÈöÐóåóÈò Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉò æóÊóÌöÈõ ÅÒóÇáóÊõåõ æóÒóßóÇÊõåõ ÈöÔóÑúØöåóÇ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÓúÌöÏò . æóÞöíáó : æóÞóáóäúÓõæóÉò ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó , æóÞöíáó : Åäú ÇõÓúÊõåúáößó Ýóáóãú íóÌúÊóãöÚú ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ ÅÐóÇ ÓõÈößó Ýóáóåõ(2/312)
ÇÓúÊöÏóÇãóÊõåõ ãóÌøóÇäðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ , æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÊóÍúáöíóÉö ÓóÑúÌò Ãóæú áöÌóÇãò æóãóÑúßóÈò æóÞöáóÇÏóÉö ÝóåúÏò æóßóáúÈò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó . æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÊóÍúáöíóÉõ ÝöÑóÇÔöåö æóáöÈóÇÓöåö ÈöÐóåóÈò ÝóíõÒóßøóì ÅÐðÇ , æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÈöÝöÖøóÉò ÝóáóÇ íõÒóßøóì æóÞöíáó : Èóáú íóÍúÑõãõ ÝóíõÒóßøóì , æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÊóÍúáöíóÉõ ÏóæóÇÉò æóãöÍúÈóÑóÉò æóãöÞúáóãóÉò æóãöÑúÂÉò æóãõÔúØò æóãõßúÍõáóÉò æóÔóÑúÈóÉò æóãöÑúæóÏò æóßõÑúÓöíøò æóÂäöíóÉò æóÓõÈúÍóÉò æóãöÍúÑóÇÈò æóßõÊõÈö Úöáúãò ÈöÐóåóÈò Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉò æóßóÐóÇ ÞöäúÏöíáñ æóãöÌúãóÑóÉñ æóãöÏúÎóäóÉñ æóãöáúÚóÞóÉñ æóÞöíáó : íõßúÑóåõ Ðóáößó Ýöí Çáúßõáøö , æóÚóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúãõßúÍõáóÉö æóÍöáúíóÉõ ÇáúãöÑúÂÉö ÝöÖøóÉð . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí : ÙóÇåöÑõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ æóÃóáúÍóÞó ÈöÐóáößó ÍöáúíóÉó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóæóÇäöí ÈöÇáúÝöÖøóÉö æóÇáúãõÕúãóÊõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö , æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ Åäú ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÞöäúÏöíáðÇ Ãóæú äóÚúáóíúäö Ãóæú ãöÌúãóÑóÉð Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íõßúÑóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÍúÑöíãò ÞóÇáó æóáóæú ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÓóÑöíÑðÇ Ãóæú ßõÑúÓöíøðÇ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÞóÇáó æóíõßúÑóåõ Úóãóáõ ÎõÝøóíúäö ãöäú ÝöÖøóÉò æóáóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ ßóÇáäøóÚúáóíúäö æóãõäöÚó ãöäú ÇáÔøóÑóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúãöáúÚóÞóÉö . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö : ÝóÇáÑøóÌõáõ íõÏúÚóì ÝóíóÑóì ãõßúÍõáóÉð ÑóÃúÓõåóÇ ãõÝóÖøóÖñ ÞóÇáó : åóÐóÇ íõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÇõÓúÊõÚúãöáó ÝóÃõÎúÑöÌó ãöäúåõ ÅäøóãóÇ ÑõÎøöÕó Ýöí ÇáÖøóÈøóÉö Ãóæú äóÍúæöåóÇ ÞõáúÊ : áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Åäøöí ÏóÎóáúÊõ : Úóáóì ÑóÌõáò æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÈóÚóËó Èöí Åáóíúåö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÃõÊöíó ÈöãõßúÍõáóÉò ÑóÃúÓõåóÇ ãõÝóÖøóÖñ ÝóÞóØóÚóåóÇ ÝóÃóÚúÌóÈóåõ Ðóáößó(2/313)
ÝóÊóÈóÓøóãó æóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈõåóÇ .
615
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÈóíúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÌö ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö æóÕõäúÚõåõ ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö ) . ÝóÕúáñ : æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÈóíúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÌö ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö áöáÑøóÌõáö , æóßóÐóáößó ÎöíóÇØóÊõåõ æóÃõÌúÑóÊõåóÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ : ÈóíúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö áöáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÍóÏöíËõ ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÌóæóÇÒóåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÑöíÑó áóíúÓó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö æóÚóáóì ÞöíóÇÓöåö ÈóíúÚõ ÂäöíóÉö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö áóåõãú , æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÈóíúÚõåóÇ áóåõãú ÌóÇÒó ÕóäúÚóÊõåóÇ áöÈóíúÚöåóÇ ãöäúåõãú , æóÌóÇÒó ÚóãóáõåóÇ áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÃõÌúÑóÉö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈóíúÚõåõ ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíÞöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÑøóÑö .
616(2/314)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍóáøöí ÈöÇááøóÂáöÆö æóÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö ) . æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÑõãõ ÇááøóÂáöÆõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑõ ÇáËøóãöíäóÉõ , æóÙóÇåöÑõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõßúÑóåõ . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ æóÌöíåõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõßúÑóåõ ÞóÇáó áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÇáÊøóÔóÈøõåö ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö , ÝóÚóáóì Þóæúáöåö íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ Ýöí ÊóÔóÈøõåö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö , æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÈöÇáÑøóÌõáö Ýöí ÇááøöÈóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑöåö åóáú åõæó ãõÍóÑøóãñ Ãóæú ãóßúÑõæåñ ¿ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ÅÈóÇÍóÉó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö , æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÈóÍúËö ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÅäóÇÁö ÐóÇßó ÝóåóÐöåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúæóÇáò : ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ , æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ , æóáóÚóáøó ãõÑóÇÏó ãóäú ßóÑöåó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäú Ðóáößó . æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍö : ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÅÈóÇÍóÉö ÊóÍóáøöí ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö æóÇáúíóÇÞõæÊö æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó áöáÑøóÌõáö ÅáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÊöãö , ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÎóÊøõãó áóåõãú ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÍúÌóÇÑö ãõÈóÇÍñ ãöäú ÇáúíóÇÞõæÊö æóÛóíúÑöåö æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ .
617
ÝóÕúáñ íõßúÑóåõ ßöÊóÇÈóÉõ ÕóÏóÇÞö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö Ýöí ÍóÑöíÑò , æóÞöíáó : íóÍúÑõãõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÞúíóÓö æóáóÇ íóÈúØõáõ ÇáúãóåúÑõ ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÅöäú ÍóÑõãó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇÞúÊöäóÇÄõåõ ÍóÑõãó ÔöÑóÇÄõåõ áóåóÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ .
618(2/315)
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619(2/316)
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ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøõæóÑõ . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÈóÇÈò ÂÎóÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóíõßúÑóåõ ÊóÚúáöíÞõ ÇáÓøõÊõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÊøóÕóÇæöíÑõ æóÇóáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÕóÇæöíÑó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍöíØóÇäö , ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : æóåóáú íõãúäóÚõ ãöäú ÓóÊúÑö ÇáúÌõÏõÑö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÕõæÑóÉó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÑøóÑö : íóÌõæÒõ ÇÝúÊöÑóÇÔõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÕõæÑóÉõ ÍóíóæóÇäò æóÌóÚúáõåõ æóÓóÇÆöÏó æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÚúáöíÞõåõ æóÓóÊúÑõ ÇáúÍöíØóÇäö Èöåö , æóÝöí ÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ÈöÓõÊõæÑò ÎóÇáöíóÉò ãöäú ÕõæóÑö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö : æóåóáú íõßúÑóåõ ÌóÚúáõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÕõæÑóÉó ÍóíóæóÇäò Ýöíåö ÓöÊúÑðÇ Ãóæú íóÍúÑõãõ ¿ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö , æóÞöíáó æóáóÇ íóÌúÚóáõåõ Ýöí ÓóÑöíÑò æóÍóÇÆöØò æóÓóÞúÝò .
620
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621
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622(2/319)
ÝóÕúáñ ( ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ æóãóÇ íõßúÑóåõ æóãóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ãöäú ÍöáúíóÉö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö ) . íóÍúÑõãõ íóÓöíÑõ ÇáÐøóåóÈö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ ßóÎóÇÊóãò æóäóÍúæöåö , æóíõßúÑóåõ ÊóÈóÚðÇ æóÞöíáó : áóÇ íõßúÑóåõ ÅáøóÇ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó , ßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö : íõÈóÇÍõ íóÓöíÑõ ÇáÐøóåóÈö áöáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö æóáöÛóíúÑö ÖóÑõæÑóÉò íóÍúÑõãõ Ýöí ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö : íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö áõÈúÓõ ÇáÐøóåóÈö ÅáøóÇ ãöäú ÖóÑõæÑóÉò , æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ãóäøó íóÓöíÑó ÇáÐøóåóÈö ãõÈóÇÍñ æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { äóåóì Úóäú áõÈúÓö ÇáÐøóåóÈö ÅáøóÇ ãõÞóØøóÚðÇ } ÞóÇáó : æóÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÇáúíóÓöíÑó ãöäúåõ ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÅáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÇÈöÚðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö , ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íóáúÈóÓóåõ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ ÝóáóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÞóØøóÚðÇ . ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö : æóÝöí ÞóÈöíÚóÉö ÓóíúÝöåö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÐóåóÈò æóÌúåóÇäö , æóÞöíáó íõÈóÇÍõ íóÓöíÑõåõ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö , æóÞöíáó ãõØúáóÞðÇ , æóÞöíáó ÖóÑõæÑóÉð . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó Ãóæú ÍóÇÌóÉð áóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉð æóÞöíáó Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÊóÍúáöíóÊõåõ ÈöÝöÖøóÉò íõÈóÇÍõ ÈöÐóåóÈò , æóÞöíáó ÈöíóÓöíÑò , ßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúä Êóãöíãò Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÉö ÊóÍúáöíóÊöåö : ßõáøõ ãóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÊóÍúáöíóÊõåõ ÈöÝöÖøóÉò íõÈóÇÍõ ÈöíóÓöíÑö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÌúåóÇäö , æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö Ýöí ÊóÍúáöíóÉö ÞóÈöíÚóÉö ÇáÓøóíúÝö æóÇáúãöäúØóÞóÉö ÈöÐóåóÈò æóÝöí ÇáúãöäúØóÞóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö , æóßóÐóÇ ÊóÍúáöíóÉõ ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÝöÖøóÉö æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : æóÚóäúåõ ÊóÍúÑõãõ ÞóÈöíÚóÉõ ÇáÓøóíúÝö ãöäú ÇáÐøóåóÈö ÝóíóÍúÑõãõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÌúåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ .(2/320)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö : æóÊõÈóÇÍõ ÞóÈöíÚóÉõ ÓóíúÝöåö æóÔóÚöíÑóÉõ Óößøöíäöåö æóÞöíáó áóÇ íõÈóÇÍóÇäö æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ , æóÞöíáó íõÈóÇÍõ íóÓöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóíúÝö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøößøöíäö , æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÊóÍúáöíóÉõ ßóãóÑóÇÊöåö , æóÎóÑöíØóÊöåö , æóÏõÑúÌöåö ÈöÐóåóÈò Ãóæú ÝöÖøóÉò æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ , æóÝöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÍóáøöí ÌóæúÔóäöåö , æóãöÛúÝóÑöåö æóÎõæÐóÊöåö æóäóÚúáöåö , æóÎõÝøöåö æóÍóãóÇÆöáö ÓóíúÝöåö , æóäóÍúæöåóÇ æóÑóÃúÓö ÑõãúÍöåö æóÌúåóÇäö ãóÔúåõæÑóÇäö æóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æóäóÍúæöåö áöÊöÌóÇÑóÉò Ãóæú ßöÑóÇÁò Ãóæú ÓóÑóÝò Ãóæú ãõÈóÇåóÇÉò æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ßõÑöåó æóÒõßøöíó æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÇáÓøóÑóÝó æóÇáúãõÈóÇåóÇÉó . ÝóÕúáñ : ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Èúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÏõÚöíó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Åáóì ÚõÑúÓò ÝóÌöíÁó ÈöÌóÇãò ãöäú ÝöÖøóÉò Ýöíåö ÎóÈöíÕñ ÝóÊóäóÇæóáóåõ ÝóÞóáóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÛöíÝò æóÃóÕóÇÈó ãöäúåõ , ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ åóÐóÇ äóåúíñ Ýöí Óõßõæäò ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ , æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉõ ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÕóÈøõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÅäóÇÁö ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö Ýöí ÅäóÇÁò ãõÈóÇÍò Ãóæú Úóáóì ÑóÛöíÝò ÝóíõÕóÈøõ ãöäúåõ .
623(2/321)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÉ ÇáÊøóÍóáøöí ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ) . æóíõÈóÇÍõ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáÊøóÍóáøöí ÈöÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÚóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Åäú ÈóáóÛó ÃóáúÝðÇ Ýóåõæó ßóËöíÑñ ÝóíóÍúÑõãõ áöáÓøóÑóÝö ÐóßóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì : æóÚóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Åäú ÈóáóÛó ÇáÐøóåóÈõ ÃóáúÝó ãöËúÞóÇáò ÍóÑõãó æóÒõßøöíó . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : æóÚóäúåõ Åäú ÈóáóÛó ÃóáúÝó ãöËúÞóÇáò Ýóåõæó ßóËöíÑñ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÇãöÏò : Åäú ÈóáóÛóåóÇ ÍóÑõãó æóÝöíåö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ , æóÚóäúåõ Åäú ÈóáóÛó ÚóÔóÑóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÏöÑúåóãò Ýóåõæó ßóËöíÑñ . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí : íõÈóÇÍõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÃóáúÝõ ãöËúÞóÇáò ÝóãóÇ Ïõæäó , æóáóÇ íõÒóÇÏõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÞöíáò : íõÈóÇÍõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ Èöåö áóßöäú ÅÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÇáúÎóáúÎóÇáõ , æóäóÍúæõåõ ÎóãúÓóãöÇÆóÉö ÏöíäóÇÑò ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö . æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö : áöÈóÇÓõ ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö íõÈóÇÍõ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö .
624(2/322)
ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÉö ÇááøõÚóÈö áöáúÈóäóÇÊö æóãóäú ÞóíøóÏóåóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÕóæøóÑóÉö áöæóáöíøö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö ÇáúÅöÐúäõ áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóÚöÈö ÈöáõÚóÈò ÛóíúÑö ãõÕóæøóÑóÉò äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö , ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì : æóáóåõ ÔöÑóÇÄõåóÇ ÈöãóÇáöåóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÞöíáó Èóáú ÈöãóÇáöåö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö : åóáú íóÔúÊóÑöíåóÇ ãöäú ãóÇáöåóÇ Ãóæú ãöäú ãóÇáöåö ¿ Ýöíåö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇäö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúä ÍóãúÏóÇäó : ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúãõÕóæøóÑóÉö ãóÇ áóåóÇ ÌöÓúãñ ãóÕúäõæÚñ áóåõ Øõæáñ æóÚóÑúÖñ æóÚõãúÞñ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí : Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäöíøóÉö Ýöí ÝóÕúáö æóÇáöí ÇáúÍöÓúÈóÉö : æóÃóãøóÇ ÇááøõÚóÈõ ÝóáóíúÓó íõÞúÕóÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí , æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞúÕóÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÅáúÝõ ÇáúÈóäóÇÊö áöÊóÑúÈöíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö ÝóÝöíåóÇ æóÌúåñ ãöäú æõÌõæåö ÇáÊøóÏúÈöíÑö íõÞóÇÑöÈõåõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉñ ÈöÊóÕóæøõÑö ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍö , æóãõÔóÇÈóåóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÝóáöáÊøóãúßöíäö ãöäúåóÇ æóÌúåñ æóÈöÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÔóæóÇåöÏõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö íóßõæäõ ÅäúßóÇÑõåõ æóÅöÞúÑóÇÑõåõ æóÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúãóäúÚó ãöäúåóÇ æóÅöäúßóÇÑóåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì ÕõæÑóÉö ÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍö . ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøö æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÇáúæóÕöíøö íóÔúÊóÑöí áöáÕøóÈöíøóÉö áõÚúÈóÉð ÅÐóÇ ØóáóÈóÊú ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Åäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕõæÑóÉð ÝóáóÇ . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ßõäúÊ ÃóáúÚóÈõ ÈöÇáúÈóäóÇÊö , ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöáóÚöÈö ÇááøõÚóÈö ÅÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåö ÕõæÑóÉñ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÕõæÑóÉñ ÝóáóÇ , æóÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóäóÚó ãöäú ÇááøóÚöÈö ÈöåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÕõæÑóÉð . æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö(2/323)
ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö { Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó æóåöíó ÊóáúÚóÈõ ÈöÇáúÈóäóÇÊö æóãóÚóåóÇ ÌóæóÇÑò ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ åóÐöåö íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú åóÐóÇ Îóíúáõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÖúÍóßõ ãöäú ÞóæúáöåóÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó } . ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ áóãú ÃóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ãóÊóÇÚö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ áóãøóÇ ÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýóãöäú ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ ãóÎúÕõæÕðÇ ãöäú Úõãõæãö ÇáÕøõæóÑö , æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÞóÈúáó Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÇáÕøõæóÑö Ëõãøó äõÓöÎó æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚöíóÇÖñ Ãóäøóåõ Þóæúáõ ÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö .
625(2/324)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÌõáõæÏö ÇáäøóÌöÓóÉö Ýöí ÇááøõÈúÓö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãóÏúÈõæÛóÉð æóÛóíúÑó ãóÏúÈõæÛóÉò ) . áóåõ Ãóäú íõáúÈöÓó ÏóÇÈøóÊóåõ ÌöáúÏðÇ äóÌöÓðÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈ æóÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÞöíáó : Åäú ßóÇäó ãõÎúÊóáóÝðÇ Ýöí äóÌóÇÓóÊöåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÍóÑõãó æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóÞöíáó íõßúÑóåõ , æóÞöíáó : Åäú ÏõÈöÛó ÇáúÌöáúÏõ æóÞõáúäóÇ áóÇ íóØúåõÑõ ÌóÇÒó , æóÅöäú áóãú íõÏúÈóÛú ßõÑöåó æóíõßúÑóåõ áóåõ åõæó ÅÐðÇ áõÈúÓõåõ æóÇÝúÊöÑóÇÔõåõ , æóÞöíáó áóÇ íõßúÑóåóÇäö . æóíõÈóÇÍõ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÈö ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö : æóÞöíáó æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÏõæäö ÕõæÑóÉò æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõäúÙóÑó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÞöíáó íõÈóÇÍõ Ýöíåö ÌöáúÏõ ßóáúÈò áóÇ ÌöáúÏõ ÎöäúÒöíÑò . ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì : æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ßõáøö ÌöáúÏò äóÌöÓò ÞóÈúáó ÏóÈúÛöåö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõäóÌøóÓõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö , æóÞöíáó Èóáú ÈóÚúÏó ÏóÈúÛöåö , æóÞöíáó íõßúÑóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : ÅÐóÇ ÏõÈöÛó ÌöáúÏõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö æóÞõáúäóÇ áóÇ íóØúåõÑõ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõáúÈöÓóåõ ÏóÇÈøóÊóåõ æóíõßúÑóåõ áóåõ áõÈúÓõåõ æóÇÝúÊöÑóÇÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö , ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÌöáúÏó ÎöäúÒöíÑò áóãú íõÈóÍú ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ Èöåö , æóÝöí ÇáúßóáúÈö æóÌúåóÇäö , æóÚóäúåõ áóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ Èöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóáóÇ íõÈóÇÍõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ ÈöÌöáúÏö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøóÈúÛö Ýöí ÇááøöÈóÇÓö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÂÎöÑó ßóáóÇãö ÇÈúäö Êóãöíãò . æóåõæó ãóÚúäóì ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãóÌúÏö ÇáÏøöíäö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúåöÏóÇíóÉö áóßöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõáú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö áóßöäøóåõ ÞóØóÚó ÈöÐóáößó . æóáóåõ Ãóäú íõáúÈöÓó ÏóÇÈøóÊóåõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑó ÞóØóÚó(2/325)
Èöåö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ , æóÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö .
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ÝóÕúáñ Þöíáó : íõÈóÇÍõ ËóæúÈñ ãöäú ÔóÚúÑò ãóÇ áóÇ íõÄúßóáõ ãóÚó äóÌóÇÓóÊöåö ÛóíúÑó ÌöáúÏö ßóáúÈò æóÎöäúÒöíÑò Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÊóíúäö , æóÞöíáó åõãóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ØóåóÇÑóÊöåö æóäóÌóÇÓóÊöåö , ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Þóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáËøóæúÈö ãöäú ÔóÚúÑö ÍóíóæóÇäò áóÇ íõÄúßóáõ ÝóÚóäúåõ åõæó ØóÇåöÑñ ãõÈóÇÍñ æóÚóäúåõ åõæó äóÌöÓñ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö Ýöí ÇáúíóÇÈöÓö æóáõÈúÓõåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö , æóÚóäúåõ åõæó ãõÈóÇÍñ ãöäú ÍóíóæóÇäò ØóÇåöÑò äóÌöÓò ÈöãóæúÊöåö ÝóÞóØú áóÇ ãöäú ÍóíóæóÇäò äóÌöÓò ÍóíøðÇ .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí áõÈúÓö ÇáúÌõáõæÏö ÇáØøóÇåöÑóÉö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝöíåóÇ ) . æóíóÌõæÒõ áõÈúÓõ ßõáøö ÌöáúÏò ØóÇåöÑò , æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÌöáúÏö ÇáËøóÚúáóÈö ÝóÚóäúåõ íõÈóÇÍõ áõÈúÓõåõ , æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÚóäúåõ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ãóÚó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö , æóÚóäúåõ íóÍúÑõãõ áõÈúÓõåõ æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ æóÚóäúåõ íõÈóÇÍõ áõÈúÓõåõ Ïõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöíåö . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò : áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ Þóæúáõåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõáúÈóÓõ ÅÐóÇ ÏõÈöÛó ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÐúßöíóÊöåö áóßöäú ÇõÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöíåö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì : æóÅöäú Ðõßøöíó æóÏõÈöÛó ÌöáúÏõåõ ÃõÈöíÍó ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ãóÚúäóì ßóáóÇãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóíóÌõæÒõ áõÈúÓõ ÇáúÝöÑóÇÁö ãöäú ÌöáúÏö ãóÃúßõæáò ãõÐóßøðì , æóÌöáúÏö ØóÇåöÑò áóÇ íõÄúßóáõ Åäú ÞõáúäóÇ íóØúåõÑõ ÈöÏóÈúÛöåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ . æóãóÇ ÍóÑõãó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÍóÑõãó ÈóíúÚõåõ , æóÚóãóáõåõ áöãóäú íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóíúåö , æóÃóÎúÐõ ÃõÌúÑóÊöåö .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí áõÈúÓö ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö áöÐóÇÊöåö æóÊóÔúÏöíÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöíåö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó áöÈóÇÓó ÇáÙøóáóãóÉö ) . íõÈóÇÍõ áõÈúÓõ ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ãöäú ÚöãóÇãóÉò äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö , æóËóæúÈò æóÞóÈóÇÁò æóåóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóì ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóÇáÔøóÑúÍö æóÞöíáó ÅáøóÇ áöãõÕóÇÈò Ãóæú ÌõäúÏöíøò Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÍóÑúÈò : æóÚóäúåõ íõßúÑóåõ áöáúÌõäúÏöíøö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÎöíóÇØóÊõåõ ÅÐóÇ ÑóæøóÚó Èöåö ãõÓúáöãðÇ , æóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö äóÞóáóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ , æóÞöíáó Ýóãóäú ÊóÑóßó ËöíóÇÈðÇ ÓóæúÏóÇÁó íõÍóÑøöÞõåóÇ ÇáúæóÕöíøõ , Þöíáó áóåõ ÝóÇáúæóÑóËóÉõ ÕöÈúíóÇäñ ÊóÑóì Ãóäú íõÍúÑóÞõ ¿ ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú íõÍóÑøöÞõåõ ÇáúæóÕöíøõ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøö Úóäúåõ æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÊóÍúÑöíãóåõ , æóÚóáøóáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áöÈóÇÓõ ÇáúÌõäúÏö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö , æóÇáÙøóáóãóÉö , æóÓóÃóáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáó Ãóäú íõÚúÝöíóåõ ãöäú áõÈúÓö ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÝóÃóÚúÝóÇåõ , æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÌõáñ Úóáóì ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýóáóãú íóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúåö æóßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÌõÈøóÉñ ÓóæúÏóÇÁõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö áõÈúÓö ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö ÇáúãõÕúãóÊö áöáÑøóÌõáö ) . æóíõßúÑóåõ áöáÑøóÌõáö áõÈúÓõ ÃóÍúãóÑó ãõÕúãóÊò äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö , æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ãõæóÝøóÞõ ÇáÏøöíäö : áóÇ íõßúÑóåõ , æóÚóäúåõ íõßúÑóåõ ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÍõãúÑóÉö Ïõæäó ÎóÝöíÝöåóÇ , ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì : æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÈöØóÇäóÉö ÇáúÍóãúÑóÇÁö . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : ÓóÃóáúÊ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÊóáúÈóÓõ ÇáúãóÕúÈõæÛó ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑó ÝóßóÑöåóåõ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉð ÔóÏöíÏóÉð , æóÞóÇáó ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÑöíÏõ ÇáÒøöíäóÉó ÝóáóÇ , æóíõÞóÇáõ Åäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú áóÈöÓó ÇáËøöíóÇÈó ÇáúÍõãúÑó Âáõ ÞóÇÑõæäó Ãóæú Âáõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó : { ÝóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö Ýöí ÒöíäóÊöåö } . ÞóÇáó Ýöí ËöíóÇÈò ÍõãúÑò æóÇäúÕóÑóÝúÊ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÃóÈöí åóãøóÇãò æóÏóÎóáúÊ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÝóÏóÝóÚúÊå Åáóíúåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúßóÈõ ÈöÇáúÃõÑúÌõæóÇäö , ÝóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÒóãóÇäñ áóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöãöËúáö åóÐöåö , æóßóÑöåóåóÇ , æóÑóÃóì ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÈöØóÇäóÉó ÌõÈøóÊöí ÍóãúÑóÇÁó ÝóÞóÇáó : áöãó ÕóäóÚúÊåóÇ ÍóãúÑóÇÁó ¿ ÞõáúÊ : áöáÑøöÞóÇÚö ÇáøóÊöí ÝöíåóÇ ÞóÇáó æóÅöíÔö ÊõÈóÇáöí Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÑöÞóÇÚñ ÞõáúÊ : ÊóßúÑóåõåõ ¿ ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú . æóÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃóÔúÊóÑöíó áóåõ ãõÏøðÇ ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöíåö ÍõãúÑóÉñ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó åõæó ÔóíúÁñ áóíúÓó íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö ÅäøóãóÇ åõæó ØóÇåöÑñ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÑöåúÊå ãöäú ÃóÌúáö åóÐóÇ , ÞõáúÊ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáËøóæúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑõ ÊõÛóØøóì Èöåö ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉõ ÝóßóÑöåóåõ ÞõáúÊ ÊóÑóì Ãóäú ÃóÌúÐöÈóåõ ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÅÈóÇÍóÉö áõÈúÓö ÇáúãõãóÓøóßö æóÇáúãõæóÑøóÏö æóÇáúãõÚóÕúÝóÑö æóÇáúãõÒóÚúÝóÑö ) . æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúãõãóÓøóßõ æóÇáúãõæóÑøóÏõ æóíõßúÑóåõ ÇáúãõÚóÕúÝóÑõ ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕóÍøö æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÒóÚúÝóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑö æóÝöíåö æóÌúåñ ÊõßúÑóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ÝóÞóØú æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö , æóÇáäøóÕøõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõßúÑóåõ æóÞóØóÚó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÍö ÈöÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö , æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÊóÍúÑöíãõ áõÈúÓö ÇáËøóæúÈö ÇáúãõÒóÚúÝóÑö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÌõáö , æóãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÌóæóÇÒõåõ æóÍóßóÇåõ ãóÇáößñ Úóäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåö æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöáõÈúÓö ÇáúãõÒóÚúÝóÑö æóÇáúãõÚóÕúÝóÑö , æóÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö áöáäøöÓóÇÁö . æóãóäú Õóáøóì Ýöí ËóæúÈò äõåöíó Úóäúåõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÕúÈö æóÇáúÍóÑöíÑö æóäóÍúæöåö ßóÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö æóÇáúãõÚóÕúÝóÑö ÝóÝöí ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö æóÌúåóÇäö ÃóÕóÍøõåõãóÇ áóÇ ÅÚóÇÏóÉó Úóáóíúåö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóÕúÝóÑö æóÚóäúåõ æóÛóíúÑöåö æóíõáúÒöãõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö Ãóäú íóßõæäó áõÈúÓõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ æóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäú áõÈúÓöåö Ýóáóãú ÊóÕöÍøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ßóÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈö ÝóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ æóÇÖöÍñ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó Èöåö Ýöí ßõáøö ãóßúÑõæåò Ýöí ÈóÏóäö ÇáúãõÕóáøöí æóÓõÊúÑóÊöåö æóãóæúÖöÚö ÕóáóÇÊöåö . æóíõßúÑóåõ áöáÑøóÌõáö ÇáÊøóÒóÚúÝõÑõ æóÌúåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóáóÇ íõÈúØöáõ Ðóáößó ÕóáóÇÊóåõ . æóÊõßúÑóåõ ÇáúãöíËóÑóÉõ ÇáúÍóãúÑóÇÁõ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÛóíúÑöåö , æóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí áõÈúÓö ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ßóÑóÇåóÉö áõÈúÓö ÇáÔøõÝõæÝö æóÇáúÍóÇßöíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÕöÝõ ÇáúÈóÏóäó ) . íõßúÑóåõ áõÈúÓõ ËóæúÈò ÑóÞöíÞò íóÕöÝõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑóÉó æóíõßúÑóåõ áöáúÃõäúËóì Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÞöíáó íóÍúÑõãõ ãóÚó ÛóíúÑö ãóÍúÑóãò áóåõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÅáóíúåóÇ æóÞöíáó ÒóæúÌñ æóÓóíøöÏñ æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ ÐóßóÑóåõ ßõáøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì , æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : íõßúÑóåõ ÇáËøóæúÈõ ÇáÑøóÞöíÞõ ÅÐóÇ æóÕóÝó ÇáúÈóÏóäó ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ : áöáÑøöÌóÇáö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö : íõßúÑóåõ áöáÑøóÌõáö æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö áõÈúÓõ ÇáÑøóÞöíÞö ãöäú ÇáËøöíóÇÈö æóåõæó ãóÇ íóÕöÝõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑóÉó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÚóæúÑóÉö æóáóÇ íõßúÑóåõ Ðóáößó áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóÇåóÇ ÅáøóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ Ãóæú ãóÇáößõåóÇ . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÍö : ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÝöíÝðÇ íóÕöÝõ áóæúäó ÇáúÈóÔóÑóÉó ÝóíõÈóíøöäõ ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåö ÈóíóÇÖó ÇáúÌöáúÏö æóÍõãúÑóÊóåõ áóãú ÊóÌõÒú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Èöåö , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÓúÊõÑõ Çááøóæúäó æóíóÕöÝõ ÇáúÎöáúÞóÉó ÌóÇÒóÊú ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÈóÔóÑóÉó ãóÓúÊõæÑóÉñ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÑõ ãöäúåõ ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ , ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : æóÃóãóÑõæäöí Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Ãóäú ÃóÔúÊóÑöíó áóåõãú ËóæúÈðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó áöí áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑóÞöíÞðÇ ÃóßúÑóåõ ÇáÑøóÞöíÞó áöáúÍóíøö æóÇáúãóíøöÊö . ÞõáúÊ æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáõæäöí Ãóäú ÃóÔúÊóÑöíó áóåõãú ËóæúÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö ßöÊóÇÈñ ÝóÞóÇáó : Þõáú áóåõãú Åäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõãú Ãóäú ÃóÔúÊóÑöíóåõ æóäõÞúáöÚó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó , ÞõáúÊ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÅäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõæäó Ðóáößó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÑöåö .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑö Øõæáö ÇáËøóæúÈö áöáÑøóÌõáö æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö æóÌóÑøõ ÇáÐøõíõæáö ) . íõÈóÇÍõ ÅÒóÇÑõ ÇáÑøóÌõáö æóÞóãöíÕõåõ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãöäú äöÕúÝö ÓóÇÞóíúåö Åáóì ßóÚúÈóíúåö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò : ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö æóÇáúÞóãöíÕö æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäú äöÕúÝö ÇáÓøóÇÞóíúäö Åáóì ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóì ÇáÓøóÇÞõ ÈöÍóÑøò æóÈóÑúÏò æóáóÇ íóÊóÃóÐøóì ÇáúãóÇÔöí æóíóÌúÚóáõåõ ßóÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö æóíõßúÑóåõ ãóÇ äóÒóáó Úóäú Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Úóäúåõ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÍóäúÈóáò : ÌóÑøõ ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö ÅÐóÇ áóãú íõÑöÏú ÇáúÎõíóáóÇÁó ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑõ ßóáóÇãö ÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ { ãóÇ ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäú ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö } áóÇ íóÌõÑøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ËöíóÇÈöåö æóÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ , ÝóåóÐöåö ËóáóÇËõ ÑöæóÇíóÇÊò æóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉö ãóäúÕõæÕõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ . ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúãõÍöíØö ãöäú ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö æóÑõæöíó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÇÑúÊóÏóì ÈöÑöÏóÇÁò Ëóãöíäò ÞöíãóÊõåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚõãöÇÆóÉö ÏöíäóÇÑò æóßóÇäó íóÌõÑøõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ ÃóæóáóÓúäóÇ äõåöíäóÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÅäøóãóÇ Ðóáößó áöÐóæöí ÇáúÎõíóáóÇÁö æóáóÓúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú , æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÏóãó ÊóÍúÑöíãöåö æóáóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖú áößóÑóÇåóÉò æóáóÇ ÚóÏóãöåóÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö : íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Øõæáõ ÞóãöíÕö ÇáÑøóÌõáö Åáóì ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö æóÅöáóì ÔöÑóÇßö ÇáäøóÚúáö æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö , ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò : æóØõæáõ ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö Åáóì ãóÏøö ÇáÓøóÇÞóíúäö , ÞóÇáó(2/336)
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ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇááøöÈóÇÓö ãöäú ÅÒóÇÑò æóÑöÏóÇÁò æóÞóãöíÕò æóÓóÑóÇæöíáó ÅáóÎú ) . æóíõÓóäøõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊóÒöÑó ÝóæúÞó ÓõÑøóÊöåö æóÚóäúåõ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ æóíóÔõÏøõ ÓóÑóÇæöíáóåõ ÝóæúÞóåóÇ , æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáó Ãóäú íóáúÈóÓó ãóÚó ÇáúÞóãöíÕö ÇáÓøóÑóÇæöíáó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åáóì ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö æóÇáÑøöÏóÇÁö æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÕóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÑøóØúÈóÉö Ãóæúáóì , æóÃóäøó ÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáó ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÇÑøö Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÑøóØúÈóÉö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÇáöÇÏøöåóÇäö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÈóáóÏò ÈöÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú æóãóÕúáóÍóÊöåöãú , æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáÊøõÈøóÇäõ æóÊõÓóäøõ ÇáÓøóÑóÇæöíáõ æóÇáúÃóæúáóì Þóæúáõ ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáäøóÙúãö ÇáÊøõÈøóÇäõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇæöíáö . æóÑóæóì æóßöíÚñ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÃúãõÑõ ÛöáúãóÇäóåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøõÈøóÇäö æóåõãú ãõÍúÑöãõæäó . æóÓöÚóÉõ ßõãøö ÞóãöíÕö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÔöÈúÑñ æóÞöÕóÑõåõ , ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó : Ïõæäó ÑõÁõæÓö ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåóÇ , æóØõæáõ ßõãøö ÞóãöíÕö ÇáÑøóÌõáö Úóäú ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö ÞóáöíáðÇ Ïõæäó ÓöÚóÊöåö ßóËöíÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÃóÐøóì ÇáúíóÏõ ÈöÍóÑøò æóáóÇ ÈóÑúÏò æóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõåóÇ ÎöÝøóÉó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö æóÇáúÈóØúÔó . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö : ÊóæúÓöíÚõ Çáúßõãøö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅÝúÑóÇØò ÍóÓóäñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö , æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöáõÈúÓö ÇáÓøóÑóÇæöíáö æóÇáÊøõÈøóÇäö æóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäú áõÈúÓö ÇáÓøóÑóÇæöíáö ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÓõÆöáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóäú áõÈúÓöåö ÝóÞóÇáó : åõæó ÃóÓúÊóÑõ ãöäú ÇáúÃõÒõÑö , æóáöÈóÇÓõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ßóÇäó ÇáúÃõÒõÑó . ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøóÙúãö : ÝóÊóÚóÇÑóÖó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÏóáöíáóÇäö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ .(2/338)
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ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö , æóÊóØúæöíáõ ßõãøö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÞóÕúÏñ ÍóÓóäñ . æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúÞóÈóÇÁõ ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö áöáÑøóÌõáö , æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáÑøöÏóÇÁõ , æóÝóÊúáõ ÃóØúÑóÇÝöåö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóßóÐóÇ ÇáØøóíúáóÓóÇäõ ÞóÏøóãóåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóÞöíáó íõßúÑóåõ ÇáúãõÞóæøóÑõ æóÇáúãõÏóæøóÑõ æóÞöíáó æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõÑóÈøóÚö , æóÞöíáó æóíõßúÑóåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ ÝóÊúáõ ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö æóÇáÑøöÏóÇÁö æóåõÏúÈõ ÇáËøóæúÈö æóÞöíáó íõÓóäøõ ÇáÑøöÏóÇÁõ áöáÑøóÌõáö ÞóØóÚó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò æóåõæó ãóÚúäóì ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøöÏóÇÁõ ãöäú áõÈúÓö ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÞóÇáó åõæó æóÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò ßóÑöåó ÇáÓøóáóÝõ ÇáØøóíúáóÓóÇäó ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóåõæó ÇáúãõÞóæøóÑõ . æóÓõÆöáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöí ÇáÏøöíäö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ åóáú ØóÑúÍõ ÇáúÞóÈóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÊöÝóíúäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáó íóÏóíúåö Ýöí ÃóßúãóÇãöåö ãóßúÑõæåñ ¿ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈó áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÐóáößó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÌóæóÇÒó Ðóáößó . ÞóÇáó : æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÇáÓøóÏúáö ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö ; áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇááøõÈúÓóÉó áóíúÓóÊú áõÈúÓóÉó ÇáúíóåõæÏö . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó : æóÇÚúÊöíóÇÏõ áõÈúÓö ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóÇÆöãö áóÇ ÃóÕúá áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Èóáú ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö { Ãóäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãóÚóåõ ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãØíáÓíä ãöäú íóåõæÏö ÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó } æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö { Ãóäøó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓóÉó ãöäú ÔöÚóÇÑö ÇáúíóåõæÏö } æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÑöåó ãóäú ßóÑöåó áõÈúÓóåóÇ áöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ(2/340)
ÞóÇáó { ãóäú ÊóÔóÈøóåó ÈöÞóæúãò Ýóåõæó ãöäúåõãú } æóÝöí ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó { áóíúÓó ãöäøóÇ ãóäú ÊóÔóÈøóåó ÈöÛóíúÑöäóÇ } ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÞóÇáó : { ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÚóÑóÇÈöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÌõÈøóÉñ ãöäú ØóíóÇáöÓóÉò ãóßúÝõæÝóÉñ ÈöÏöíÈóÇÌò Ãóæú ãõÒóÑøóÑóÉñ ÈöÏöíÈóÇÌò ÝóÞóÇáó : Åäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÑúÝóÚó ßõáøó ÑóÇÚö Èúäö ÑóÇÚò æóíóÖóÚó ßõáøó Ðöí ÝóÇÑöÓò ÑóÃúÓò ÝóÞóÇãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõÛúÖóÈðÇ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöãóÌóÇãöÚö ÌõÈøóÊöåö ÝóÇÌúÊóÐóÈóåõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóáóÇ ÃóÑóì Úóáóíúßó ËöíóÇÈó ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõ ¿ , Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÌóáóÓó , } æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ : Þöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÏøõÑøóÇÚóÉõ íóßõæäõ áóåóÇ ÝóÑúÌñ ÝóÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó áöÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ãóÚúÏóÇäó ÏõÑøóÇÚóÉñ áóåóÇ ÝóÑúÌñ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåóÇ ÞóÏúÑó ÐöÑóÇÚò . Þöíáó áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Ýóíóßõæäõ áóåóÇ ÝóÑúÌñ ãöäú ÎóáúÝöåóÇ ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊ , æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÎóáúÝöåóÇ Ýóáóãú ÃóÓúãóÚú , ÞóÇáó ÅáøóÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÓóÚóÉð áóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøõßõæÈö æóãóäúÝóÚóÉð .
636
ÝóÕúáñ ÊõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúÍóÈóÑóÉõ æóÇáÕøõæÝõ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúæóÈóÑõ æóÇáúßóÊøóÇäõ æóÇáÔøóÚúÑõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÍóíóæóÇäò ØóÇåöÑò æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó .
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ÝóÕúáõ ( æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ áöáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáúãõÒóæøóÌóÉö ÇáúÎöÖóÇÈõ ãóÚó ÍõÖõæÑö ÒóæúÌöåóÇ ) æóíõßúÑóåõ ÇáäøóÞúÔõ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó : æóÇáÊøóßúÊöíÈõ æóäóÍúæõåõ æóÇáÊøóØóÇÑöíÝõ ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎöÖóÇÈõ áöáÑøóÌõáö ÝóíóÊóæóÌøóåõ ÅÈóÇÍóÊõåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãöåóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóáóì ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÊóÔóÈøõåö ÑóÌõáò ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÉò Ýöí áöÈóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑöåö : æóíõÈóÇÍõ ãóÇ ÕõÈöÛó ãöäú ÇáËøöíóÇÈö ÈóÚúÏó äóÓúÌöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí íõßúÑóåõ , ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ , æóãóÓóÇÆöáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÕúáö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö . æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ . æóÑóæóì ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÑóÚö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ äóåóì Úóäú ÇáäøóÞúÔö æóÇáÊøóØóÇÑöíÝö ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò æóíóÎúÊóÖöÈúäó ÛóãúÓðÇ , æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓõÆöáóÊú Úóäú ÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú äóÞúÔñ æóÚóäú ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÞóÇáó íõßúÑóåõ ÇáäøóÞúÔõ æóÑóÎøóÕó Ýöí ÇáúÛóãúÓóÉö . æóÑóæóì ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö { Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö Ãóäú ÊõÛúãóÓó ÇáúíóÏõ ßõáøõåóÇ } . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ : æóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúäöí ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÞóÇáóÊú : äóåóÇäöí ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Úóäú ÇáäøóÞúÔö Ýöí ÇáúÎöÖóÇÈö æóÞóÇáó : ÇÛúãöÓöí ÇáúíóÏó ßõáøóåóÇ .
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ãóäú ÌóÚóáó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ÚóáóÇãóÉð æóÞúÊó ÇáúÍóÑúÈö ãöäú ÑöíÔö äóÚóÇãò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÌóÇÒó æóÚóäúåõ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Åäú Úóáöãó ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÔóÌóÇÚóÉð æóÅöáøóÇ ßõÑöåó , æóÞöíáó áóÇ íõßúÑóåõ .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( ßóÑóÇåóÉõ ÊóÌóÑøõÏö ÐóßóÑóíúäö Ãóæú ÃõäúËóíóíúäö æóÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåöãóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÆöáò æóãóÊóì íõÝóÑøóÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúãóÖóÇÌöÚö ) . íõßúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÊóÌóÑøóÏó ÐóßóÑóÇäö Ãóæú ÃõäúËóíóÇäö Ýöí ÅÒóÇÑò Ãóæú áöÍóÇÝò æóáóÇ ËóæúÈó íóÍúÌöÒõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ , ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö . æóÞóÏú { äóåóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáÑøóÌõáó Ýöí ËóæúÈò æóÇÍöÏò æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó } æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó Ýöí ÇáäøößóÇÍö æóÞóÇáó ãõãóíøöÒóÇäö , Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÐóßóÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÒóæúÌò æóÓóíøöÏò æóãóÍúÑóãò ÇõÍúÊõãöáó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ . æóãóäú ÈóáóÛó ãöäú ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ÚóÔúÑðÇ ãõäöÚó ãöäú Çáäøóæúãö ãóÚó ÃõÎúÊöåö æóãóÚó ãóÍúÑóãò ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãõÊóÌóÑøöÏóíúäö ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóæúÚöÈö æóÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóåóÐóÇ æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉò Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáúãóäúÕõæÕõ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ . æõÌõæÈõ ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíÞö Ýöí ÇÈúäö ÓóÈúÚò ÝóÃóßúËóÑó æóÅöäøó áóåõ ÚóæúÑóÉð íóÌöÈõ ÍöÝúÙõåóÇ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ãóÐúßõæÑóÉñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäóÇÆöÒö . æóíõÊóæóÌøóåõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÌóÑøõÏõ ãóäú áóÇ Íõßúãó áöÚóæúÑóÊöåö æóÅöáøóÇ áóãú íóÌõÒú ãóÚó ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉö ÇáúÚóæúÑóÉö áöæõÌõæÈö ÍöÝúÙöåóÇ ÅÐðÇ , æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÊöåóÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÇ ÐóßóÑóíúäö Ãóæú ÃõäúËóíóíúäö ÝóÅöäú ÃóãöäóÇ ËóæóÑóÇäó ÇáÔøóåúæóÉö ÌóÇÒó , æóÞóÏú íõÍúÊóãóáõ ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÍõÏõæËöåóÇ , æóÅöäú ÎöíÝó ËóæóÑóÇäõåóÇ ÍóÑõãó Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö áöãóäúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÍóíúËõ ÃõÈöíÍó ãóÚó ÎóæúÝö ËóæóÑóÇäöåóÇ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö , æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö(2/357)
ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóßóÑñ Ãóæú ÃõäúËóì ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãóÍúÑóãðÇ ÝóßóÐóáößó æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ æóÇÖöÍñ áöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóáúæóÉö æóãóÙöäøóÉö ÇáÔøóåúæóÉö æóÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö . æóÚóäú ÓóæøóÇÑö Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏ æóíõÞóÇáõ ÏóÇæõÏ Èúäõ ÓóæøóÇÑò Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ãõÑõæÇ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóßõãú áóÝúÙõ ÃóÍúãóÏó æóáóÝúÙõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏ ÃóæúáóÇÏóßõãú ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÓóÈúÚö Óöäöíäó æóÇÖúÑöÈõæåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåóÇ áöÚóÔúÑò æóÝóÑøöÞõæÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÖóÇÌöÚö } ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí ÓöæóÇÑò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò ÝóÅöäú ÕóÍøó ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏõ ãóÚó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÐøõßõæÑö æóÇáúÅöäóÇËö áöÞóæúáöåö { áóÇ íóÎúáõæóäøó ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÉò } ÝóÃóãøóÇ Åäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÐõßõæÑðÇ æóÅöäóÇËðÇ ÊóæóÌøóåó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÝóÅöäú Ìóåöáó ÇáúÍóÇáó ÝóÞóÏú íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúãóäúÚó ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÍóÇÑöãõ ÝóáóÇ ãóäúÚó ÅáøóÇ ÐõßõæÑðÇ Ãóæú ÅäóÇËðÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÐõßõæÑðÇ Ãóæú ÅäóÇËðÇ ÝóÇáúãóäúÚõ æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÌóÑøõÏö ãõÍúÊóãóáóÉñ áóÇ ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÇóááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ .
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ÝóÕúáñ ( ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöÚóÇáö ) íõßúÑóåõ áöáÑøóÌõáö æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö áöÈóÇÓõ ÇáäøöÚóÇáö ÇáÕøóÑøóÇÑóÉö äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö æóÞóÇáó áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Ãóäú ÊõáúÈóÓó áöáúæõÖõæÁö . æóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúãóÑøõæÐöíøõ ÃóãóÑõæäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÒöáö Ãóäú ÃóÔúÊóÑöíó äóÚúáðÇ ÓöäúÏöíøðÇ áöÕóÈöíøóÉò ÝóÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÑö ÝóÞõáúÊ ÊóßúÑóåõåõ áöáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ¿ ÞóÇáó : äóÚóãú ÃóßúÑóåõåõ æóÞóÇáó : Åäú ßóÇäó áöáúãóÎúÑóÌö æóÇáØøöíäö ÝóÃóÑúÌõæ , ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÒøöíäóÉó ÝóáóÇ . æóÞóÇáó Úóäú ÔóÎúÕò áóÈöÓóåóÇ íóÊóÔóÈøóåõ ÈöÃóæúáóÇÏö Çáúãõáõæßö , æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÕóÇáöÍò ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ÝóÃóÑúÌõæ , æóÃóãøóÇ áöáÒøöíäóÉö ÝóÃóßúÑóåõåõ áöáÑøöÌóÇáö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö . æóßóÑöåóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÑúÈò æóÞóÇáó Åäú ßóÇäó áöáúßóäöíÝö æóÇáúæõÖõæÁö æóÃóßúÑóåõ ÇáÕøóÑøóÇÑó æóÞóÇáó ãöäú Òöíøö ÇáúÚóÌóãö æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÂÌõÑøöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇááøöÈóÇÓö ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóáúÈóÓõ ÇáäøöÚóÇáó ÇáÓøöÈúÊöíøóÉó æóíóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÐúßõÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÝúÚóáõ Ðóáößó æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ æóÃóÙõäøõåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóæú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ ÇáÓøöÈúÊöíøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÔóÚúÑó ÝöíåóÇ . æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇáÕøóÑöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúãóÏóÇÓö æóíóÍúÊóãöáõåõ ßóáóÇãó ÃóÍúãóÏó . æóíõÓóäøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎõÝøõ ÃóÍúãóÑó æóíóÌõæÒõ ÃóÓúæóÏó . æóíõÑúæóì Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÚúáõ ÇáÓøóæúÏóÇÁõ ÊõæÑöËõ Çáúåóãøó æóÃóÙõäøõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöíó ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇááøöÈóÇÓö ÝóíõÄúÎóÐõ(2/359)
ãöäúåõ ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ æóíõÓóäøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÚúáõ ÓöÈúÊöíøðÇ ÃóÕúÝóÑó æóåõæó ãóÇ áóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö ÔóÚúÑñ . æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóäú áóÈöÓó äóÚúáðÇ ÕóÝúÑóÇÁó áóãú íóÒóáú íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÓõÑõæÑò , Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó { ÕóÝúÑóÇÁõ ÝóÇÞöÚñ áóæúäõåóÇ ÊóÓõÑøõ ÇáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó } ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö æóíõÈóÇÍõ ÇáúãóÔúíõ Ýöí ÞóÈúÞóÇÈö ÎóÔóÈò æóÞöíáó ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö . æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò Ãóäøó ÃóÍúãóÏó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÞóÇáó : áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÇáúÎóÔóÈö Ãóäú íõãúÔóì Ýöíåö Åäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÌóÉð æóäóÞóáúÊõ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÍóÑúÈò Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Ãóäøóåõ Þöíáó áóåõ ÝóÇáäøóÚúáõ ãöäú ÇáúÎóÔóÈö ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöåóÇ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÖöÚó ÖóÑõæÑóÉò .
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ÝóÕúáñ Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó { ÇÓúÊóßúËöÑõæÇ ãöäú ÇáäøöÚóÇáö ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÑóÇßöÈðÇ ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÚóáó } æóåõæó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò æóÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúÛöíÈö ÇááøõÈúÓö áöáäøöÚóÇáö ; æóáöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÞöíåö ÇáúÍóÑøó æóÇáúÈóÑúÏó æóÇáäøóÌóÇÓóÇÊö æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { áöíõæóÓøöÚú ÇáúãõäúÊóÚöáõ áöáöÍóÇÝöí Úóäú ÌõÏõÏö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõäúÊóÚöáó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇßöÈö } . æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó { ÅÐóÇ ÇäúÞóØóÚó ÔöÓúÚõ äóÚúáö ÃóÍóÏößõãú ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÑúÌöÚú ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÕöíÈóÉñ } æóÑõæöíó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÊóÚóÇåóÏõæÇ äöÚóÇáóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö } æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝöíåóÇ äóÌóÇÓóÉñ ÝóÊõäóÌøöÓõ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóáöáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò { áöíóÓúÃóáó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÑóÈøóåõ ÍóÇÌóÊóåõ ßõáøóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÃóáóåõ ÔöÓúÚó äóÚúáöåö ÅÐóÇ ÇäúÞóØóÚó } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Úóäú ËóÇÈöÊò ãõÑúÓóáóÉò { ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÃóáóåõ ÇáúãöáúÍó , æóÍóÊøóì íóÓúÃóáóåõ ÔöÓúÚóåõ ÅÐóÇ ÇäúÞóØóÚó } . æóÚóäú ÝóÖóÇáóÉó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÈöãöÕúÑó ãóÇ áöí ÃóÑóÇß ÔóÚöËðÇ æóÃóäúÊó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞóÇáó { ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóäúåóÇäóÇ Úóäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÇáúÅöÑúÝóÇåö } ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ áöí áóÇ ÃóÑóì Úóáóíúß ÍöÐóÇÁð ÞóÇáó { ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÃúãõÑõäóÇ Ãóäú(2/361)
äóÍúÊóÝöí ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÞóÇáó ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóÇãöáðÇ ÈöãöÕúÑó ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÔóÚöËõ ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ãöÔúÚóÇÑñ ÝóÞõáúÊ ãóÇ áöí ÃóÑóÇß ÔóÚöËðÇ æóÃóäúÊó ÃóãöíÑñ ÞóÇáó { ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóäúåóÇäóÇ Úóäú ÇáúÅöÑúÝóÇåö , } ÞõáúÊ æóãóÇ ÇáúÅöÑúÝóÇåõ ¿ ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÇáúÅöÑúÝóÇåö ÇáöÇÓúÊößúËóÇÑõ ãöäú ÇáÒøöíäóÉö æóÇáÊøóäóÚøõãö æóÇáúãöÔúÚóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáúÈóÚöíÏõ ÇáúÚóåúÏõ Úóäú ÇáúÍóãøóÇãö , íõÞóÇáõ ÑóÌõáñ ãöÔúÚóÇÑñ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõäúÊóÝöÔó ÇáÔøóÚúÑö ËóÇÆöÑó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ÈóÚöíÏó ÇáúÚóåúÏö Úóäú ÇáúÍóãøóÇãö ÈöÇáÊøóÓúÑöíÍö æóÇáÏøóåúäö . ÞóÇáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáäøóÙúãö : æóÓöÑú ÍóÇÝöíðÇ Ãóæú ÍóÇÐöíðÇ æóÇãúÔö æóÇÑúßóÈóäú æóÊóãóÚúÏóÏú æóÇÎúÔóæúÔöäú æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÚóæøóÏú æóíõßúÑóåõ ÇáúãóÔúíõ Ýöí ÝóÑúÏóÉö äóÚúáò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÅÕúáóÇÍö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäú äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÃóËúÑóãö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÒóÇÏó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì æóÞöíáó : ßóËöíÑðÇ æóíõßúÑóåõ ÇáúãóÔúíõ Ýöí äóÚúáóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö ÐóßóÑóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö æóÇÈúäõ Êóãöíãò æóÇÈúäõ ÍóãúÏóÇäó æóÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÈúÏóÃó ÈöáõÈúÓö ÍóÇÆöáö Çáúíõãúäóì ÈöíõãúäóÇåõ æóÎóáúÚö ÍóÇÆöáö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ÈöíõÓúÑóÇåõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó íóäúÊóÚöáõ ÞóÈúáó Çáúíõãúäóì Ãóæú íóäúÒöÚõ Çáúíõãúäóì ÞóÈúáó ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ÞóÇáó ÃóßúÑóåõ åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóíõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇÈöáó Èóíúäó äóÚúáóíúåö æóáöáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóäóÓò { Ãóäøó äóÚúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ(2/362)
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ÝóÕúáñ : ( ÇÓúÊöÍúÈóÇÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáäøöÚóÇáö ) Ñóæóì ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó { ÎõÐõæÇ ÒöíäóÉó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö æóãóÇ ÒöíäóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ¿ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÓõæÇ äöÚóÇáóßõãú æóÕóáøõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ } . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÓúÊóÍóÈøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáäøöÚóÇáö æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÊóÞöíøõ ÇáÏøöíäö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Ýöí ÇáäøóÚúáö æóäóÍúæöåö ãõÓúÊóÍóÈøñ ÞóÇáó æóÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí äóÌóÇÓóÉò ÃóÓúÝóáó ÇáúÎõÝøö áóãú ÊõßúÑóåõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöíåö . æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÎóáøóÇáõ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ÅÐóÇ ÎóáóÚó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú äóÚúáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÎóáøóÕóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÐõäõæÈöåö ÍóÊøóì íóáúÞóÇåõ ßóåóíúÆóÊöåö íóæúãó æóáóÏóÊúåõ Ãõãøõåõ } ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÝóÖúáö ÎóáúÚö ÇáäøóÚúáö ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÐðì ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . ÝóÕúáñ ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÈóíóÇäõ ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúãóÃúßõæáö æóÇáúãóÔúÑõæÈö æóÇáúãóáúÈõæÓö , æóÓóÈóÞó ÈóíóÇäõ Íõßúãö ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãöäúåõ , æóÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÝö Ýöíåö Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúÃóßúáö , æóÓóÈóÞó ÈóíóÇäõ Íõßúãö ÇáúÈöäóÇÁö æóÇáúÚöãóÇÑóÉö Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö .
649(2/364)
ÝóÕúáñ ( Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÝõÕõæáö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö Ýöí ÇááøöÈóÇÓö ) . Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó { ÃõÍöáøó ÇáÐøóåóÈõ æóÇáúÍóÑöíÑõ áöáúÅöäóÇËö ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí , æóÍõÑøöãó Úóáóì ÐõßõæÑöåóÇ } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ãóÚó Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÇäúÞöØóÇÚðÇ æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÍóÓóäò ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö : åõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÑöÌóÇáõåõ ãóÚúÑõæÝõæäó . æóÚóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÞóÇáó { äóåóÇäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú áõÈúÓö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö , æóÇáÏøöíÈóÇÌö æóÃóäú íõÌúáóÓó Úóáóíúåö , } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ . { æóäóåóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú áõÈúÓö ÇáúÍóÑöíÑö ÅáøóÇ ãóæúÖöÚó ÅÕúÈóÚóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉò Ãóæú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò } ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó { æóßóÇäó áóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌõÈøóÉñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÈöäóÉñ ÔöÈúÑñ ãöäú ÏöíÈóÇÌò ßöÓúÑóæóÇäöíøö , æóÝóÑúÌóÇåóÇ ãóßúÝõæÝóÇäö Èöåö } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö ãóæúáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÁó Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú áóÝúÙóÉó ÇáÔøöÈúÑö . æóÚóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÞóÇáó { äóåóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú áõÈúÓö ÇáÐøóåóÈö ÅáøóÇ ãõÞóØøóÚðÇ } ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ , æóÚóäú ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ãóäú áóÈöÓó ËóæúÈó ÔõåúÑóÉò ÃóáúÈóÓóåõ Çááøóåõ ËóæúÈó ãóÐóáøóÉò íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö }(2/365)
ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú . æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Çááøóåõ Åáóì ãóäú ÌóÑøó ÅÒóÇÑóåõ ÈóØóÑðÇ } æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ { ãóäú ÌóÑøó ËóæúÈóåõ ÎõíóáóÇÁó áóãú íóäúÙõÑú Çááøóåõ Åáóíúåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö } ãõÊøóÝóÞñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ : { ãóÇ ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäú ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö ãöäú ÇáúÅöÒóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÚóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ { áóÇ ÍóÞøó áöáúÅöÒóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúßóÚúÈóíúäö } ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÍóÓóäñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÛóíúÑõåõ { æóáóÚóäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúãõÊóÔóÈøöåöíäó ãöäú ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö , æóÇáúãõÊóÔóÈøöåóÇÊ ãöäú ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÈöÇáÑøöÌóÇáö } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ { æóáóÚóäó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáó íóáúÈóÓõ áõÈúÓó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ÊóáúÈóÓõ áõÈúÓó ÇáÑøóÌõáö } ÅÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ . æóÑóæóì ÓóÚöíÏñ Ýöí Óõäóäöåö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åõÔóíúãñ Úóäú ÇáúÚóæøóÇãö Úóäú ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö ÞóÇáó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÑóÎøöÕõæäó áöáÕøóÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö ÇáÐøóåóÈö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóáúÞóÇåõ { æóÃóãóÑó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÕóáøöí æóåõæó ãõÓúÈöáñ ÅÒóÇÑóåõ ÈöÇáúæõÖõæÁö ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó , Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó , ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÌõáñ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóßó ÃóãóÑúÊå Ãóäú íóÊóæóÖøóÃó , Ëõãøó ÓóßóÊøó Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáó Åäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÕóáøöí æóåõæó ãõÓúÈöáñ ÅÒóÇÑóåõ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÕóáóÇÉó ÑóÌõáò ãõÓúÈöáò } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Åáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ÅÐóÇ ÇäúÊóÚóáó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÝóáúíóÈúÏóÃú ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö , æóÅöÐóÇ(2/366)
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ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÏóì ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ : ÝóáóÇ ÊóÕúÍóÈú ÃóÎóÇ ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÅöíøóÇßó æóÅöíøóÇåõ Ýóßóãú ãöäú ÌóÇåöáò ÃóÑúÏóì ÍóáöíãðÇ Íöíäó æóÇÎóÇåõ íõÞóÇÓõ ÇáúãóÑúÁõ ÈöÇáúãóÑúÁö ÅÐóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ãóÇÔóÇåõ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÃóÒúãóÇäöåöãú ÃóÔúÈóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÂÈóÇÆöåöãú . æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÎóÇáöØú ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ÈöÞóáúÈöß æóÎóÇáöØú ÇáúÝóÇÌöÑó ÈöÎõáõÞöß ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ íõãúÊóÍóäõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó : ÚöäúÏó åóæóÇåõ ÅÐóÇ åóæóì æóÚöäúÏó ÛóÖóÈöåö ÅÐóÇ ÛóÖöÈó , æóÚöäúÏó ØóãóÚöåö ÅÐóÇ ØóãöÚó . æóÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÅÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊ Ãóäú ÊóÚúÑöÝó ãóÇ áóß ÚöäúÏó ÕóÏöíÞöß ÝóÃóÛúÖöÈúåõ ÝóÅöäú ÃóäúÕóÝóß æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÌúÊóäöÈúåõ . ßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ áóÇ ÊõÄóÇÎöíóäøó ÎóÕöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÐöãøöíøðÇ æóáóÇ äõæÈöíøðÇ , ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ËóÈóÇÊó áöãóæóÏøóÊöåöãú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝõ Èúäõ ÞóíúÓò ãóÇ ßóÔóÝúÊ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóØøõ ÅáøóÇ æóÌóÏúÊå Ïõæäó ãóÇ ßõäúÊ ÃóÙõäøõ , ßóÇäó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ íóÊóãóËøóáõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÈúíóÇÊö : ÇõÈúáõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó ÅÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊ ÅÎóÇåõãõ æóÊóæóÓøóãóäøó ÃõãõæÑóåõãú æóÊóÝóÞøóÏú æóÅöÐóÇ ÙóÝöÑúÊ ÈöÐöí ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉö æóÇáÊøõÞóì ÝóÈöåö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö ÞóÑöíÑó Úóíúäò ÝóÇÔúÏõÏú æóÏóÚö ÇáÊøóÐóáøõáó æóÇáÊøóÎóÔøõÚó ÊóÈúÊóÛöí ÞõÑúÈó ÇáøóÐöí Åäú ÊóÏúäõ ãöäúåõ íóÈúÚõÏú æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ : ÞóÏú ßõäúÊ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóãúÑöí Ýöíß ãõÈúÊóÏöÆðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÐóãóãúÊ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóãöÏúÊ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏúÑö æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ : æóáóÇ ÊóÓúãóÍú ÈöÍóÙøöß ãöäúåõ Èóáú ßõäú ÈöÍóÙøöß ãöäú ãóæóÏøóÊöåö ÖóäöíäóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÇáúßóãóÇáö æóáóãú íóÈúÑóÃú(2/392)
ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö æóÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö Ýöíãóäú íóÌöÈõ åóÌúÑõåõ åóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúåóÌúÑõ ÈöÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò ¿ æóÞóæúáõ ãõÚóÇÐò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÅÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóß ÃóÎñ Ýöí Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóáóÇ ÊõãóÇÑöåö : æóáóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚú Ýöíåö ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóß ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÝóÍóÇáó Èóíúäóß æóÈóíúäóåõ æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí ãóßóÇä ÂÎóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáú Úóäúåõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÝóáóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóß ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÝóÍóÇáó Èóíúäóß æóÈóíúäóåõ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú : ÃóÑóÏúÊ áößóíúãóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÑóì áöí ÒóáøóÉð æóãóäú ÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íõÚúØóì ÇáúßóãóÇáó Ýóíóßúãõáõ .
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ÇáÊøóÈúÕöÑóÉö áóåõ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊ ÇáÔøóÇÈøó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ íóäúÔóÃõ ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÝóÃóÑúÌöåú æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊå ãóÚó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÈöÏóÚ ÝóÇíÆóÓú ãöäúåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÈøó Úóáóì Ãóæøóáö äõÔõæÆöåö ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáÓøöÑøö ÇáúãóßúÊõæãö áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉó æóÛóíúÑóåõãú æóÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåó Çááøóåó ãöäú ãõÕóÇÍóÈóÉö åóÄõáóÇÁö , æóíóÌöÈõ ãóäúÚõ ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóØóÊöåöãú áöÆóáøóÇ íóËúÈõÊó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÔóíúÁñ æóÇÔúÛóáõæåõãú ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÊõÚúÌóäó ÈöåóÇ ØóÈóÇÆöÚõåõãú ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö Åáóì ãõÓóÏøóÏò : æóáóÇ ÊõÔóÇæöÑú ÕóÇÍöÈó ÈöÏúÚóÉò Ýöí Ïöíäöß , æóáóÇ ÊõÑóÇÝöÞúåõ Ýöí ÓóÝóÑöß æóßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ íóäúåóì Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóØóÉö ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÚóäú ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åáóíúåöãú æóÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Èöåöãú , æóíóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÛóÇáö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóãõÎóÇáóØóÉö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö Ýöí ÈóåúÌóÉö ÇáúãóÌóÇáöÓö : ÃóäúÔóÏó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ËóÚúáóÈñ æóíõÞóÇáõ ÅäøóåóÇ áóåõ : Åäú ÕóÍöÈúäóÇ Çáúãõáõæßó ÊóÇåõæÇ æóÚóÞøõæÇ æóÇÓúÊóÎóÝøõæÇ ßöÈúÑðÇ ÈöÍóÞøö ÇáúÌóáöíÓö Ãóæú ÕóÍöÈúäóÇ ÇáÊøõÌøóÇÑó ÕöÑúäóÇ Åáóì ÇáúÈõÄúÓö æóÚõÏúäóÇ Åáóì ÚóÏøóÇÏö ÇáúÝõáõæÓö ÝóáóÒöãúäóÇ ÇáúÈõíõæÊó äóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóäóãúáóÃõ Èöåö ÈõØõæäó ÇáØøõÑõæÓö æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÔóíúÎöäóÇ ÅÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÒóÇÑóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÖöÏõ æóÞóÑøóÈóåõ æóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÝóÑóÏøó ÌóÇÆöÒóÊóåõ(2/407)
ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ : ÇõßúÊõãú ãóÌúáöÓóäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÎúÈöÑú ÈöãóÇ ÝóÚóáúäóÇ æóÈöãóÇ ÞóÇÈóáúÊäóÇ Èöåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÍóÑúÈöíøõ áöí ÅÎúæóÇäñ áóæú ÚóáöãõæÇ ÈöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöí áóåóÌóÑõæäöí . æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ÃóÔúíóÇÁõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖöÚò æóåóÐöåö ÅÔóÇÑóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ßöÝóÇíóÉñ Åäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì .
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æóÐóáößó äóæúÚñ ãöäú ÇáúÚóäóÊö , æóÇáÊøóäóØøõÚö æóãóäú ØóáóÈó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚó ÚóÐøóÈó äóÝúÓóåõ æóÌóåøóáó ÚóÞúáóåõ æóÖóáøóáó ÑóÃúíóåõ , æóÞóÈöíÍñ ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö Ãóäú íóÚúÊóãöÏó ÅÖúÑóÇÑó äóÝúÓöåö æóÅöÊúÚóÇÈóåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõÌúÏöí äóÝúÚðÇ ÈöÊóÚúÌöíáö ÇáÊøóÚóÈö ÖóÑóÑðÇ æóãóÚó ßóæúäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÊóØúáõÈõ ÇáúßóãóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞóÉö æóÝöí ÇáúÚóíúÔö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó Åáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö äóÇÞöÕðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí Øóíøö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøö Ðóáößó æóíóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõåõ Åáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÞúÊó ÇáúÅöÚóÇÏóÉö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãóÉö æóãóäúÍöåö ÇáäøóÚöíãó ÇáúÈóÇÞöíó . Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÕöÝóÉó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö Åáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó : íóÞúØóÚõ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Åäú æóÌóÏúÊ ãöäú äóÝúÓöß ÎöáóÇáó ÇáÕøóÏóÇÞóÉö æóÔõÑõæØóåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÞúÏö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö ãöäú Çáúåóæóì áóãú ÊóÌöÏú áöäóÝúÓöß ËóÇäöíðÇ ÝóÞõáú ãóÇ ÔöÆúÊ ãöäú Çááøóæúãö , æóÇáúÚóÐúáö æóÇáÊøóæúÈöíÎö æóäõÍú Úóáóì ÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÈöÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö , ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÅÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÌöÏú ÐóÇßó Ýöí äóÝúÓöß áöÚóÌúÒö ÇáúÈöäúíóÉö Úóäúåõ ÝóÇÞúØóÚú ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉó Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö , æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÕóÏóÇÞóÉõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÞóÑóÇÈóÉõ ÇáúÃóÈóÏö , æóãóÍóÈøóÉõ ÇáÏøõÎóáóÇÁö ÝóÑóÍõ ÓóÇÚóÉò . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ßóáóÇãò áóåõ : ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ ãóäú áóãú íóËöÞú ÈöÃóÍóÏò æóáóãú íóÓúßõäú Åáóì ãóÎúáõæÞò , æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúãõÈóÇíóäóÉõ áöáúßõáøö áóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ ÅÐú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõãú æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÈúÊóÛóì ÇáúãõÏóÇÑóÇÉõ áóÇ ÇáúãóæóÏøóÉõ , æóÇáúãõÓóÇíóÑóÉõ ÈöÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö áóÇ ÇáúãõÌóÇåóÑóÉõ , æóßöÊúãóÇäõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ãöäú(2/410)
ÇáúÎóáúÞö ßõáøöåöãú ãóåúãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÃóÞóÇÑöÈö æóÇáúÃóÈóÇÚöÏö , æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ áöáäøóÝúÓö Ýöí ãóÕóÇáöÍöåóÇ Åáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó Úóäú ÇáúÝóÞöíÑö áóÇ íõäúÝöÞõ ÅáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÝóÃóÞúÈöáú Úóáóíúåö ÊóÑóì ÃóÚúÌóÈó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö æóÅöíøóÇßó Ãóäú ÊóËöÞó ÈöÛóíúÑöåö Ãóæú Êóãöíáó Åáóì ÓöæóÇåõ ÝóÊóáúÞóì ÇáúÚóØóÈó æóåõæó æóÚöÒøóÊõåõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÏõåõ ÇáúãõÖúØóÑøõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÏóÇÆöÏö æóÇáúãóÍúÒõæäõ ÚöäúÏó Çáúåõãõæãö , æóÇáúãóßúÑõæÈõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÛõãõæãö ÇÍúÐóÑú ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö ÝóÅöäøó ÚõÞõæÈóÊóåóÇ ÏóÇÁñ ÏóÝöíäñ áóÇ íõÄúãóäõ ÊóÍóÑøõßõåõ . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ : ãóÊóì ÑóÃóíúÊ ÇáÔøóÎúÕó ãõÚúÊóÏöáó ÇáúÎöáúÞóÉö ÍóÓóäó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö Ýóåõæó Åáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ æóãóÊóì ÑóÃóíúÊ ÐóÇ ÚóíúÈò ÝóÇÍúÐóÑúåõ ãöËúáó ÇáúßóæúÓóÌö , æóÇáúÃóÚúæóÑö , æóÇáúÃóÚúãóì ÝóÞóáøó Ãóäú ÊóÑóì ÈöÃóÍóÏò ÂÝóÉð Ýöí ÈóÏóäöåö ÅáøóÇ æóÝöí ÈóØúäöåö ãöËúáõåóÇ , æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊ ÚóíúÈðÇ Ýöí ÔóÎúÕò ÝóáóÇ ÊõáöÍøóäøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÊøóÃúÏöíÈö , ÝóÇáØøóÈúÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÛúáóÈõ æóÏóÇÑöåö ÝóÍóÓúÈõ . æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÃúÏöíÈó ãóËóáõåõ ßóãóËóáö ÇáúÈóÐúÑö , æóÇáúãõÄóÏøóÈõ ßóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóÊóì ßóÇäóÊú ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÑóÏöíÆóÉð ÖóÇÚó ÇáúÈóÐúÑõ ÝöíåóÇ æóãóÊóì ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÇáöÍóÉð äóÔóÃó æóäóãóÇ ÝóÊóÃóãøóáú ÈöÝöÑóÇÓóÊöß ãóäú ÊõÎóÇØöÈõåõ æóÊõÄóÏøöÈõåõ æóÊõÚóÇÔöÑõåõ , æóãöáú Åáóíúåö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÕóáóÇÍö ãóÇ ÊóÑóì ãöäú ÈóÏóäöåö æóÂÏóÇÈöåö ÝóÇäúÙõÑú Åáóì ÇáÕøõäøóÇÚö æóáóÇ ÊóäúÙõÑú Åáóì ÍóÇÆößò Ãóæú ãõÚóáøöãò Ãóæú ÕóÇÍöÈö ÕöäóÇÚóÉò ÎóÓöíÓóÉò ÝóÅöäøóß æóÅöäú ÑóÃóíúÊ ãöäúåõ ÎõáøóÉð ÌóãöíáóÉð ÝóÇáúßóÏóÑõ ÃóËúÈóÊõ æóÇáÊøóÌúÑöÈóÉõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáËøöÞóÉö , æóÇáúÍóÐóÑõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÉö æóÞóáøó ãóäú íóÕúÝõæ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÝóÇ ÝóÞóáøó Ãóäú íóËúÈõÊó ÎõÐú ãöäú ÇáäøóÇÓö ÌóÇäöÈðÇ .(2/411)
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äöíøóÇÊõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÉö ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÏöíäðÇ áóÇ ÏõäúíóÇ , æóÇáúÂäó ÝóÞóÏú ÇÓúÊóæúáóì ÍõÈøõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ÝóÅöäú ÑóÃóíúÊ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíä ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑú ÊóÞúáõåõ æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÑóÃóíúÊ äóÝúÓöí ÊóÃúäóÓõ ÈöÎõáóØóÇÁó ÊõÓóãøöíåöãú ÃóÕúÏöÞóÇÁó ÝóÈóÍóËúÊ ÇáÊøóÌóÇÑöÈó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÍõÓøóÇÏñ Úóáóì ÇáäøöÚóãö , æóÃóÚúÏóÇÁñ áóÇ íóÓúÊõÑõæäó ÒóáøóÉð , æóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó áöÌóáöíÓò ÍóÞøðÇ æóáóÇ íõæóÇÓõæäó ãöäú ãóÇáöåöãú ÕóÏöíÞðÇ ÝóÊóÃóãøóáúÊ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÍõÓøóÇÏñ Úóáóì ÇáäøöÚóãö , ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóÛóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÃúäóÓõ Èöåö Ýóåõæó íóßúÏóÑõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÃóåúáóåóÇ áöíóßõæäó ÃõäúÓóåõ Èöåö , ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊóÚõÏøó ÇáúÎóáúÞó ßõáøóåõãú ãóÚóÇÑöÝó æóáóÇ ÊõÙúåöÑú ÓöÑøóßó áöãóÎúáõæÞò ãöäúåõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÚõÏøóäøó Ýöíåöãú ãóäú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ áöÔöÏøóÉò Èóáú ÚóÇãöáúåõãú ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóáóÇ ÊõÎóÇáöØúåõãú ÅáøóÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö æóÈöÇáÊøóæóÞøöí áóÍúÙóÉð , Ëõãøó ÇäúÝöÑú Úóäúåõãú æóÃóÞúÈöáú Úóáóì ÔóÃúäöß ãõÊóæóßøöáðÇ Úóáóì ÎóÇáöÞöß , ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌúáöÈõ ÇáúÎóíúÑó ÓöæóÇåõ æóáóÇ íóÕúÑöÝõ ÇáÓøõæÁó ÅáøóÇ ÅíøóÇåõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãò ßóËöíÑò .
662(2/413)
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663(2/417)
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ÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÃõÚúíõæÇ ÅÐú ØóáóÚó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÝóÞöíáó : ãöÞúæóáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÚóáøóÇãóÊõåóÇ , ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈóÇ ÎõÈóíúÈò ÝóÞóÇáó ãóåúíóãú ÞóÇáó ÃóäúÔöÏúäöí ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÈúíóÇÊò áöÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ßõáøõ ÈóíúÊò ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ ÞóÇáó ÈöÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò ÞóÇáó æóÊõÓóÇæöí ÞóÇáó ÝóÃóäúÊó ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö æóÃóäúÊó æóÇÝò ßóÇÝò ÝóÃóäúÔóÏóåõ áöáúÃóÝúæóåö ÇáúÃóæúÏöíøö : ÈóáóæúÊõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÑúäðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÑúäò Ýóáóãú ÃóÑó ÛóíúÑó ÎóÊøóÇáò æóÞóÇáò ÞóÇáó : ÕóÏóÞúÊ åöíåö Þõáú ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáËøóÇäöíó , ÝóÞóÇáó : æóÐõÞúÊ ãóÑóÇÑóÉó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ØõÑøðÇ ÝóãóÇ ØóÚúãñ ÃóãóÑøõ ãöäú ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÞóÇáó : ÕóÏóÞúÊ Þõáú ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÝóÞóÇáó : æóáóãú ÃóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÎõØõæÈö ÃóÔóÏøó æóÞúÚðÇ æóÃóÕúÚóÈó ãöäú ãõÚóÇÏóÇÉö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö .
664(2/420)
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æóÍúÏóßó ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóÓúÊ æóÍúÏöí ÃóäóÇ Èóíúäó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãöäú ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó , æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÃóÊóÍóÏøóËõ ãóÚóåõãú æóÃóÍúßöí Úóäúåõãú . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ØóÇåöÑò : ÓóãöÚúÊ ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó Úóáöíøò íóÞõæáõ : áóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáäøóÕúÑö ÇáÓøöÌúÒöíøõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ æóÕøóÇäöí Ãóäú ÃóÈúÚóËó ÈößõÊõÈöåö Åáóì ãöÕúÑó Åáóì ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÈøóÇáö ÃóæúÕóì áóåõ ÈöåóÇ .
665(2/435)
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áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöËúáõß , ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ Ðóáößó ÅÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ãöäú ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö æóÞóÇáó { Ðóáößó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉñ áöãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò Úóäú ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò åõæó ÇáÑøõãøóÇäöíøõ ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóÑúÒóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ . æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÍóÏöíËó ÑóÇÝöÚò , æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : Åäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÅÐóÇ ÌóáóÓó ãóÌúáöÓðÇ Ãóæú Õóáøóì Êóßóáøóãó ÈößóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÓóÃóáóÊúåõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ Úóäú ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÝóÞóÇáó { Åäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÎóíúÑò ßóÇäó ØóÇÈöÚðÇ Úóáóíúåöäøó Åáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö , æóÅöäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÔóÑøò ßóÇäó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉð áóåõ : ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõßó æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åáóíúß } . æóÚóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÞóÇáó ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊõ áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ Èöåöäøó ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓöåö ÚöäúÏó ÞöíóÇãöåö ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò ÅáøóÇ ßõÝøöÑó Èöåöäøó Úóäúåõ , æóáóÇ íóÞõæáõåõäøó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ÎóíúÑò , æóãóÌúáöÓö ÐößúÑò ÅáøóÇ ÎõÊöãó áóåõ Èöåöäøó Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ íõÎúÊóãõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö , ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß , áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõßó æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åáóíúß . ÅÓúäóÇÏñ ÌóíøöÏñ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ , Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ËäÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò ËäÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÚóãúÑñæ : æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÈöäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ Úóäú ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöËúáóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ(2/438)
ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ æóáóãú ÃóÌöÏú Ýöíåö áöáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ßóáóÇãðÇ . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö : ËäÇ íõæäõÓõ ËäÇ áóíúËñ íóÚúäöí : ÇÈúäó íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÇáúåóÇÏöí Úóäú ÅÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÞóÇáó ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó { ãóÇ ãöäú ÅäúÓóÇäò íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓò ÝóíóÞõæáõ Íöíäó íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøöí , æóÈöÍóãúÏöß áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõß æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åáóíúß } ÞóÇáó ÝóÍóÏøóËúÊ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÎõÕóíúÝóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó åóßóÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäúÈóÇÚö ÑóæúÍö Èúäö ÇáúÝóÑóÌö Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò Úóäú ÇááøóíúËö åóÐóÇ ÅÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóËúÑóãõ ÓóãöÚúÊ ÃóÈóÇ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãöÑóÇÑðÇ íóÞõæáõ ÅÐóÇ ÞóÇãó ãöäú ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö : ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑóì ÔóÝóÊóíúåö ÊõÍóÑøößóÇäö ÝóáóÇ ÃóÝúåóãõ ÈóÞöíøóÉó ßóáóÇãöåö ßóÃóäøóåõ íóÐúåóÈõ Åáóì ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö . æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú ÊóÞõæáó { ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõß æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åáóíúß } ÇäúÊóåóì ßóáóÇãõåõ . æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÂÌõÑøöíøõ Ýöí ßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ åõæó æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåöãú Úóäú ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò Úóäú ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó : ßóÝøóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÞõæãó ÃóÍóÏñ ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß áóÇ Åáóåó ÅáøóÇ(2/439)
ÃóäúÊó ÊõÈú Úóáóíøó æóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí { íóÞõæáõåóÇ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÌúáöÓó áóÛóØò ßóÇäóÊú ßóÝøóÇÑóÉð áóåõ , æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÌúáöÓó ÐößúÑò ßóÇäóÊú ØóÇÈóÚðÇ Úóáóíúåö } . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó { ãóÇ ãöäú Þóæúãò íóÞõæãõæäó ãöäú ãóÌúáöÓò áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Çááøóåó Ýöíåö ÅáøóÇ ÞóÇãõæÇ Úóäú ãöËúáö ÌöíÝóÉö ÍöãóÇÑò æóßóÇäó Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÓúÑóÉð } ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÕóÍöíÍò . æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ { ãóÇ ÌóáóÓó Þóæúãñ ãóÌúáöÓðÇ áóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ Çááøóåó Ýöíåö , æóáóãú íõÕóáøõæÇ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåöãú ÅáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåöãú ÊöÑóÉð ÝóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÚóÐøóÈóåõãú æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÛóÝóÑó áóåõãú } ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÍóÓøóäóåõ æóÑóæóÇåõãóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ { ÝóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó ÚóÐøóÈóåõãú } æóáöÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏ { ãóÇ ãóÔóì Þóæúãñ ãóãúÔðì áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Çááøóåó Ýöíåö ÅáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú Çááøóåö ÊöÑóÉð } æóÊóÞóÏøóãó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÂÏóÇÈö Çáäøóæúãö . Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó { æóÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó Íöíäó ÊóÞõæãõ } ÇáØøõæÑó . ãöäúåõãú ãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö æóíóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÏóÉó æóÚóØóÇÁñ ÞóÇáõæÇ Íöíäó ÊóÞõæãõ ãöäú ãóÌúáöÓò ÊóÞõæáõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóß Çááøóåõãøó æóÈöÍóãúÏöß ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõß , æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åáóíúßó , æóÞóÇáõæÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö æóÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁñ Åäú ßõäúÊ ÃóÍúÓóäúÊ ÇÒúÏóÏúÊ ÅÍúÓóÇäðÇ , æóÅöäú ßõäúÊ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ßóÝøóÇÑóÉð .
666(2/440)
ÂÎöÑõ ãóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó ãöäú ÇáúÂÏóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö , æóÇóááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ , æóÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó , æóÕóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÓóíøöÏöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÂáöåö æóÕóÍúÈöåö æóÓóáøóãó .(2/441)