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æóíóÝöÏõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí Êóåúáöíáò æóÊóÍúãöíÏò æóÊóßúÈöíÑò æóÕóáóÇÉò æóÊóÓúáöíãò. æóæóÖóÚó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó áöáúÃóäóÇãö Úóáóì ÊóíøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóæóÇÓöíó ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåóÇ æóÈóÇÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ æóÞóÏøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇÊóåóÇ¡ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÓóæóÇÁð áöáÓøóÇÆöáöíäó ÞóÈúáó ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÃóäúÈóÊó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö ÏóáóÇáóÉð áöáúÃóáöÈøóÇÁö ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÔöÊóÇÆöåöãú æóÕóíúÝöåöãú æóáößõáøö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúåö æóíóãúáößõæäóåõ ãöäú ÍóíóæóÇäò Èóåöíãò.
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áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÑö ÊóÔõÞøõ ÇáúÃóÞóÇáöíãó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÕöÛóÇÑò æóßöÈóÇÑò¡ Úóáóì ãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóæúØóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäúÈóÚó áóåõãõ ÇáúÚõíõæäó æóÇáúÂÈóÇÑó¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó ÈöÇáúÃóãúØóÇÑö; ÝóÃóäúÈóÊó áóåõãú ÓóÇÆöÑó ÕõäõæÝö ÇáÒøõÑõæÚö æóÇáËøöãóÇÑö æóÂÊóÇåõãú ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÇ ÓóÃóáõæåõ ÈöáöÓóÇäö ÍóÇáöåöãú æóÞóÇáöåöãú: {æóÅöäú ÊóÚõÏøõæÇ äöÚúãóÉó Çááøóåö áóÇ ÊõÍúÕõæåóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÙóáõæãñ ßóÝøóÇÑñ} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 34] . ÝóÓõÈúÍóÇäó ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇáúÛóäöíøö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÍóáöíãö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö äöÚóãöåö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö Åöáóíúåöãú ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÎóáóÞóåõãú æóÑóÒóÞóåõãú æóíóÓøóÑó áóåõãõ ÇáÓøóÈöíáó æóÃóäúØóÞóåõãú ; Ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáó ÑõÓõáóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú æóÃóäúÒóáó ßõÊõÈóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãõÈóíøöäóÉð ÍóáóÇáóåõ æóÍóÑóÇãóåõ æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑóåõ æóÃóÍúßóÇãóåõ æóÊóÝúÕöíáó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáúãóÈúÏóÃö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö; ÝóÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ ãóäú ÞóÇÈóáó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãö¡ æóÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑó ÈöÇáöÇäúÞöíóÇÏö¡ æóÇáäøóæóÇåöíó ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö ; ÝóÝóÇÒó ÈöÇáäøóÚöíãö ÇáúãõÞöíãö æóÒõÍúÒöÍó Úóäú ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÌóÍöíãö ÐóÇÊö ÇáÒøóÞøõæãö æóÇáúÍóãöíãö æóÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáöíãö.
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ÇáÕøóãöíãö¡ ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÍóæúÖö ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö ÇáÑøóæóÇÁö ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÔøóÝóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÚõÙúãóì íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÍóÇãöáõ ÇááøöæóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí íóÈúÚóËõåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúãóÞóÇãó ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÛóÈõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÅöÎúæóÇäöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó æóÓóáøóãó æóÔóÑøóÝó æóßóÑøóãó ÃóÒúßóì ÕóáóÇÉò æóÊóÓúáöíãò æóÃóÚúáóì ÊóÔúÑöíÝò æóÊóßúÑöíãò æóÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇáúÛõÑøö ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉö ÇáäøõÌóÈóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ÎõáóÇÕóÉö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóØó ÇáÙøóáóÇãõ ÈöÇáÖøöíóÇÁö æóÃóÚúáóäó ÇáÏøóÇÚöí ÈöÇáäøöÏóÇÁö æóãóÇ äóÓóÎó ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ ÙóáóÇãó Çááøóíúáö ÇáúÈóåöíãö.
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æóáóÓúäóÇ äóÐúßõÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÐöäó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ Ýöí äóÞúáöåö¡ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö æóÓõäøóÉó ÑóÓõæáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÕóÏøóÞõ æóáóÇ íõßóÐøóÈõ ãöãøóÇ Ýöíåö ÈóÓúØñ áöãõÎúÊóÕóÑò ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÊóÓúãöíóÉñ áöãõÈúåóãò æóÑóÏó Èöåö ÔóÑúÚõäóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäöåö áóäóÇ ÝóäóÐúßõÑõåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóÍóáøöí Èöåö áóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇÌö Åöáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö Úóáóíúåö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöäóÇÏõ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö æóÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ ÕóÍøó äóÞúáõåõ Ãóæú ÍóÓõäó æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÖóÚúÝñ äõÈóíøöäõåõ æóÇááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ¡ æóáóÇ Íóæúáó æóáóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÍóßöíãö ÇáúÚóáöíøö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö: {ßóÐóáößó äóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúßó ãöäú ÃóäúÈóÇÁö ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó æóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇßó ãöäú áóÏõäøóÇ ÐößúÑðÇ} [Øå: 99] . æóÞóÏú ÞóÕøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóÈóÑó ãóÇ ãóÖóì: ãöäú ÎóáúÞö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö¡ æóÐößúÑö ÇáúÃõãóãö ÇáúãóÇÖöíäó¡ æóßóíúÝó ÝóÚóáó ÈöÃóæúáöíóÇÆöåö¡ æóãóÇÐóÇ ÃóÍóáøó ÈöÃóÚúÏóÇÆöåö æóÈóíøóäó Ðóáößó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÃõãøóÊöåö ÈóíóÇäðÇ ÔóÇÝöíðÇ - ßóãóÇ ÓóäõæÑöÏõ ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÝóÕúáò ãóÇ æóÕóáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ Úóäúåõ ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Ðóáößó Êöáúæó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÇÊö Ýöí Ðóáößó - ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÈöãóÇ äóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÊóÑóßó ãóÇ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöíåö ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊóÒóÇÍóãõ Úóáóì Úöáúãöåö æóíóÊóÑóÇÌóãõ Ýöí Ýóåúãöåö ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöíåö áößóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÓúÊóæúÚöÈõ äóÞúáóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöäóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ æóáóÓúäóÇ äóÍúÐõæ ÍóÐúæóåõãú æóáóÇ äóäúÍõæ äóÍúæóåõãú¡ æóáóÇ äóÐúßõÑõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáó Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö¡ æóäõÈóíøöäõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÍóÞøñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó:(1/7)
«ÈóáøöÛõæÇ Úóäøöí æóáóæú ÂíóÉð¡ æóÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó¡ æóÍóÏøöËõæÇ Úóäøöí æóáóÇ ÊóßúÐöÈõæÇ Úóáóíøó¡ æóãóäú ßóÐóÈó Úóáóíøó ãõÊóÚóãøöÏðÇ ÝóáúíóÊóÈóæøóÃú ãóÞúÚóÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» . Ýóåõæó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö ÇáúãóÓúßõæÊö ÚóäúåóÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ãóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåóÇ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íõßóÐøöÈõåóÇ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåóÇ áöáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÓúÊóÚúãöáõåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ åóÐóÇ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÔóÑúÚõäóÇ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÝóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó ÈöäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁð ÈöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÔóåöÏó áóåõ ÔóÑúÚõäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö ÝóÐóÇßó ãóÑúÏõæÏñ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÍößóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö æóÇáúÅöÈúØóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ ÞóÏú ÃóÛúäóÇäóÇ ÈöÑóÓõæáöåö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö¡ æóÈößöÊóÇÈöåö Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ; ÝóáóÓúäóÇ äóÊóÑóÇãóì Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãú ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÎóÈúØñ æóÎóáúØñ æóßóÐöÈñ æóæóÖúÚñ æóÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóÊóÈúÏöíáñ æóÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö äóÓúÎñ æóÊóÛúíöíÑñ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÞóÏú Èóíøóäóåõ áóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõäóÇ æóÔóÑóÍóåõ æóÃóæúÖóÍóåõ¡ ÚóÑóÝóåõ ãóäú ÚóÑóÝóåõ æóÌóåöáóåõ ãóäú Ìóåöáóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö Ýöíåö ÎóÈóÑõ ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóßõãú æóäóÈóÃõ ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóßõãú æóÍóßúãõ ãóÇ Èóíúäóßõãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÝóÕúáõ áóíúÓó ÈöÇáúåóÒúáö ãóäú ÊóÑóßóåõ ãöäú ÌóÈøóÇÑò ÞóÕóãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóãóäö ÇÈúÊóÛóì ÇáúåõÏóì Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÃóÖóáøóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóÞóÏú ÊõæõÝøöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóãóÇ ØóÇÆöÑñ íóØöíÑõ ÈöÌóäóÇÍóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÐúßóÑóäóÇ ãöäúåõ ÚöáúãðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÑóæóì ÚöíÓóì Èúäõ ãõæÓóì ÛõäúÌóÇÑõ¡ Úóäú ÑóÞóÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö(1/8)
ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ØóÇÑöÞö Èúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÇáó ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ íóÞõæáõ: «ÞóÇãó ÝöíäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÞóÇãðÇ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ Úóäú ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÍóÊøóì ÏóÎóáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãóäóÇÒöáóåõãú æóÃóåúáõ ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóäóÇÒöáóåõãú¡ ÍóÝöÙó Ðóáößó ãóäú ÍóÝöÙóåõ æóäóÓöíóåõ ãóäú äóÓöíóåõ» . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ Ýöí ÃóØúÑóÇÝöåö åóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚöíÓóì ÛõäúÌóÇÑõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóãúÒóÉó Úóäú ÑóÞóÈóÉó æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÇÕöãò ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÒúÑóÉõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚöáúÈóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÑó ÇáúíóÔúßõÑöíøõ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒóíúÏò ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÞóÇáó: «Õóáøóì ÈöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáÙøõåúÑõ¡ Ëõãøó äóÒóáó ÝóÕóáøóì ÇáÙøõåúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÍóÖóÑóÊö ÇáúÚóÕúÑõ¡ Ëõãøó äóÒóáó ÝóÕóáøóì ÇáúÚóÕúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó ÇáúãöäúÈóÑó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ ÝóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó æóãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ¡ ÝóÃóÚúáóãõäóÇ ÃóÍóÝóÙõäóÇ» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ãõÓúáöãñ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÊóäö ãöäú ÕóÍöíÍöåö Úóäú íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÏøóæúÑóÞöíøö¡ æóÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö Èúäö ãóÎúáóÏò ÇáäøóÈöíáö¡ Úóäú ÚóÒúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚöáúÈóÇÁó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒóíúÏò ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÎúØóÈó Èúäö ÑöÝóÇÚóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó æóÚóÝøóÇäõ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: «ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎõØúÈóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì ãõÛóíúÑöÈóÇäö ÇáÔøóãúÓö(1/9)
ÍóÝöÙóåóÇ ãóäú ÍóÝöÙóåóÇ æóäóÓöíóåóÇ ãóäú äóÓöíóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÚóÝøóÇäõ: ÞóÇáó ÍóãøóÇÏñ: æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÍöÝúÙöí Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÈöãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó æóÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÎóÖöÑóÉñ ÍõáúæóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝõßõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÝóäóÇÙöÑñ ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúãóáõæäó¡ ÃóáóÇ ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó.
æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÎõØúÈóÉö Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ãõÛóíúÑöÈóÇäö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÞóÇáó: ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäúåóÇ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäú íóæúãößõãú åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäúåõ» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÌõÏúÚóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: «Õóáøóì ÈöäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÐóÇÊó íóæúãò äóåóÇÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇãó ÝóÎóØóÈóäóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÛóÇÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÏóÚú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóßõæäõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇåõ ÍóÝöÙó Ðóáößó ãóäú ÍóÝöÙóåõ æóäóÓöíó Ðóáößó ãóäú äóÓöíóåõ ÝóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÎóÖöÑóÉñ ÍõáúæóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ãõÓúÊóÎúáöÝõßõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÝóäóÇÙöÑñ ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúãóáõæäó¡ ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó. æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãóåóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÏóäóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ Ãóäú ÊóÛúÑõÈó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó " æóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäúåóÇ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäú íóæúãößõãú åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì ãöäúåõ» ".
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/10)
[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö]
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: {Çááøóåõ ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóßöíáñ} [ÇáÒãÑ: 62] . Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýóåõæó ãóÎúáõæÞñ áóåõ¡ ãóÑúÈõæÈñ ãõÏóÈøóÑñ¡ ãõßóæøóäñ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú¡ ãõÍúÏóËñ ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÏóãöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÑúÔõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÓóÞúÝõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáËøóÑóì æóãóÇ Èóíúäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÌóÇãöÏò æóäóÇØöÞò¡ ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ÎóáúÞõåõ æóãöáúßõåõ æóÚóÈöíÏõåõ æóÊóÍúÊó ÞóåúÑöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÊóÍúÊó ÊóÕúÑöíÝöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö. {ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ íóáöÌõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ íóäúÒöáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóãóÇ íóÚúÑõÌõ ÝöíåóÇ æóåõæó ãóÚóßõãú Ãóíúäó ãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú æóÇááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ÈóÕöíÑñ} [ÇáÍÏíÏ: 4] . æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÞóÇØöÈóÉð áóÇ íóÔõßøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõÓúáöãñ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö Ãóåöíó ßóÃóíøóÇãöäóÇ åóÐöåö¡ Ãóæú ßõáøõ íóæúãò ßóÃóáúÝö ÓóäóÉò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÚõÏøõæäó¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÓóäóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áöÅöíÑóÇÏöåö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ åóáú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÔóíúÁñ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ¿ ÝóÐóåóÈó ØóæóÇÆöÝõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáóåõãóÇ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÎõáöÞóÊóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóÍúÖö. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó Èóáú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊñ ÃõÎóÑõ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö} [åæÏ: 7] . [åõæÏò: 7] .(1/11)
ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí «ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáóåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóßóÊóÈó Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑö ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóåúÒñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ íóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÚóØóÇÁò¡ Úóäú æóßöíÚö Èúäö ÍõÏõÓò¡ Úóäú Úóãøöåö ÃóÈöí ÑóÒöíäò áóÞöíØö Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáúÚõÞóíúáöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Ãóíúäó ßóÇäó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó¿ ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó Ýöí ÚóãóÇÁò ãóÇ ÝóæúÞóåõ åóæóÇÁñ æóãóÇ ÊóÍúÊóåõ åóæóÇÁñ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÚóÑúÔóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó Èöåö æóáóÝúÙõåõ Ãóíúäó ßóÇäó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÎóáúÞóåõ¿ æóÈóÇÞöíåö ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóäöíÚò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÇÌóåú Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö¡ ËóáóÇËóÊõåõãú Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóíøöåóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÃóæøóáðÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáõæäó: ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÞóáóãó ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäö ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÞöíÞó æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ(1/12)
ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÞóáóãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇßúÊõÈú ÝóÌóÑóì Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÈöãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» . áóÝúÙõ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö ÇáúåóãóÐóÇäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ; Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóÇåöÑö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáÓøóÑúÍö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈõæ åóÇäöÆò ÇáúÎóæúáóÇäöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÍõÈõáöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈöÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò ÞóÇáó: æóÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö» .
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ åõæó ßöÊóÇÈóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáúãóÞóÇÏöíÑó¡ æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ ÝóËóÈóÊó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈó Èöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇÏöíÑó ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóãóÇåöíÑõ. æóíõÍúãóáõ ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÞóáóãö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóíõÄóíøöÏõ åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Úóäú ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕöíúäò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ Çáúíóãóäö áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÌöÆúäóÇßó áöäóÊóÝóÞøóåó Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáöäóÓúÃóáóßó Úóäú Ãóæøóáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÔóíúÁñ ÞóÈúáóåõ» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ãóÚóåõ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ÛóíúÑõåõ «æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö æóßóÊóÈó Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑö ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò(1/13)
æóÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó» . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò «Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó» . ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóäö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÌöÆúäóÇßó äóÓúÃóáõßó Úóäú Ãóæøóáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú ÚóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáõæÇ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íõÎúÈöÑúåõãú ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÑóÒöíäò ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Èóáú ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóäú äóÇÓò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáõæÇ: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÔóíúÆðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãóÇÁö» ¡ æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÇáäøõæÑõ æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉõ¡ Ëõãøó ãóíøóÒó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÝóÌóÚóáó ÇáÙøõáúãóÉó áóíúáðÇ ÃóÓúæóÏó ãõÙúáöãðÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÇáäøõæÑó äóåóÇÑðÇ ãõÖöíÆðÇ ãõÈúÕöÑðÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóÞóÏú Þöíáó Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÞóáóãö ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö ÇáúÚóÑúÔó¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúåóæóÇÁó æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÝóæóÖóÚó ÚóÑúÔóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö. æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ(1/14)
[ÝóÕúáñ ÝöíãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö æóÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÝöíÚõ ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊö Ðõæ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö} [ÛÇÝÑ: 15] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÊóÚóÇáóì Çááøóåõ Çáúãóáößõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúßóÑöíãö} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 116] . æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: {áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö} [Çáäãá: 26] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóåõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáúæóÏõæÏõ Ðõæ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúãóÌöíÏõ} [ÇáÈÑæÌ: 14] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇÓúÊóæóì} [Øå: 5] . æóÞóÇáó: {Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 54] . Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÂíóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúãöáõæäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó æóãóäú Íóæúáóåõ íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóíõÄúãöäõæäó Èöåö æóíóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÓöÚúÊó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÑóÍúãóÉð æóÚöáúãðÇ} [ÛÇÝÑ: 7] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÍúãöáõ ÚóÑúÔó ÑóÈøößó ÝóæúÞóåõãú íóæúãóÆöÐò ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 17] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÊóÑóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÍóÇÝøöíäó ãöäú Íóæúáö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÞõÖöíó Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÞöíáó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÒãÑ: 75] . æóÝöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúßóÑúÈö: «áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ ÇáúÍóáöíãõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÑóÈøõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúßóÑöíãö» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁö¡ Úóäú Úóãøöåö ÔõÚóíúÈö Èúäö(1/15)
ÎóÇáöÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓöãóÇßõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãöíÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÓö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö¡ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäøóÇ ÌõáõæÓðÇ ãóÚó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÈóØúÍóÇÁö ÝóãóÑøóÊú ÓóÍóÇÈóÉñ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÃóÊõÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúãõÒúäõ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÇáúãõÒúäõ ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúÚóäóÇäõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÓóßóÊúäóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóáú ÊóÏúÑõæäó ßóãú Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÞóÇáó: ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóãöäú ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò Åöáóì ÓóãóÇÁò ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóßöËóÝõ ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóÝóæúÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÈóÍúÑñ Èóíúäó ÃóÓúÝóáöåö æóÃóÚúáóÇåõ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó ËóãóÇäöíóÉõ ÃóæúÚóÇáò Èóíúäó ÑõßóÈöåöäøó æóÃóÙúáóÇÝöåöäøó ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÑúÔõ Èóíúäó ÃóÓúÝóáöåö æóÃóÚúáóÇåõ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇááøóåõ ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó¡ æóáóíúÓó íóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ÔóíúÁñ» . åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓöãóÇßò ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÑóæóì ÔóÑöíßñ ÈóÚúÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÓöãóÇßò æóæóÞóÝóåõ. æóáóÝúÙõ ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó:(1/16)
«æóåóáú ÊóÏúÑõæäó ÈõÚúÏó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ äóÏúÑöí. ÞóÇáó: ÈõÚúÏõ ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÅöãøóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ Ãóæö ÇËúäóÊóÇäö Ãóæö ËóáóÇËóÉñ æóÓóÈúÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð» . æóÇáúÈóÇÞöí äóÍúæõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Èúäõ ÍóãøóÇÏò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÑøöÈóÇØöíøõ¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóåúÈõ Èúäú ÌóÑöíÑò ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ßóÊóÈúäóÇåõ ãöäú äõÓúÎóÊöåö æóåóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãõÍóãøóÏó Èúäó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäú íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊóì ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÌóåóÏóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓõ¡ æóÌóÇÚóÊö ÇáúÚöíóÇáõ¡ æóäóåóßóÊö ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáõ¡ æóåóáóßóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÓúÞö Çááøóåó áóäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÊóÔúÝöÚõ Èößó Úóáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóäóÓúÊóÔúÝöÚõ ÈöÇááøóåö Úóáóíúßó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: æóíúÍóßó ÃóÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ¿ ! æóÓóÈøóÍó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÒóÇáó íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÍóÊøóì ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó Ýöí æõÌõæåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó æóíúÍóßó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓúÊóÔúÝóÚõ ÈöÇááøóåö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö¡ ÔóÃúäõ Çááøóåö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóíúÍóßó ÃóÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ Çááøóåõ¿ Åöäøó ÚóÑúÔóåõ Úóáóì ÓóãóÇæóÇÊöåö áóåóßóÐóÇ æóÞóÇáó ÈöÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö ãöËúáó ÇáúÞõÈøóÉö Úóáóíúåö æóÅöäøóåõ áóíóÆöØøõ Èöåö ÃóØöíØó ÇáÑøóÍúáö ÈöÇáÑøóÇßöÈö» . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÝóæúÞó ÚóÑúÔöåö æóÚóÑúÔõåõ ÝóæúÞó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊöåö» ". æóÓóÇÞó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò¡ Úóäú íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ æóÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú(1/17)
ÌóÏøöåö. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ¡ æóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ; íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóãóÇÚõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóÇÈúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ æóÇÈúäö ÈóÔøóÇÑò ãöäú äõÓúÎóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÈóáóÛóäöí. ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó. æóÞóÏú ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÓóãøóÇåõ Èö (ÈóíóÇäö Çáúæóåúãö æóÇáÊøóÎúáöíØö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóØöíØö) æóÇÓúÊóÝúÑóÛó æõÓúÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáØøóÚúäö Úóáóì ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ÑóÇæöíåö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ßóáóÇãó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöíåö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ÝóÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Èúäõ ÍõãóíúÏò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈóíö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ Ýöí ãõÎúÊóÇÑóÇÊöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÓøóÈöíÚöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÎóáöíÝóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ÇÏúÚõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáóäöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÚóÙøóãó ÇáÑøóÈøó ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ßõÑúÓöíøóåõ æóÓöÚó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó¡ æóÅöäøó áóåõ ÃóØöíØðÇ ßóÃóØöíØö ÇáÑøóÍúáö ÇáúÌóÏöíÏö ãöäú ËöÞóáöåö» . ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÎóáöíÝóÉó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÐóÇßó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö¡ æóÝöí ÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäú ÚõãóÑó äóÙóÑñ¡ Ëõãøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÑúæöíåö ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ æóãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÒöíÏõ Ýöíåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉð ÛóÑöíÈóÉð. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/18)
æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊõãõ Çááøóåó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæåõ ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓó ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóæúÓóØõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÝóæúÞóåõ ÚóÑúÔõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö» . íõÑúæóì: æóÝóæúÞóåõ ÈöÇáúÝóÊúÍö Úóáóì ÇáÙøóÑúÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÈöÇáÖøóãøö ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ: æóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ. Ãóíú: æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÚóÑúÔõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö íóÓúãóÚõæäó ÃóØöíØó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓúÈöíÍõåõ æóÊóÚúÙöíãõåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÞõÑúÈöåöãú ãöäúåõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóÞóÏö ÇåúÊóÒøó ÚóÑúÔõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö áöãóæúÊö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò» . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ãóÎúáõæÞñ ãöäú íóÇÞõæÊóÉò ÍóãúÑóÇÁó¡ ÈõÚúÏõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÞõØúÑóíúåö ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò. æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊóÚúÑõÌõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ æóÇáÑøõæÍõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí íóæúãò ßóÇäó ãöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò} [ÇáãÚÇÑÌ: 4] . Ãóäøóåõ ÈõÚúÏõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇÊøöÓóÇÚóåõ ÎóãúÓõæäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò. æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó Ýóáóßñ ãõÓúÊóÏöíÑñ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÌóæóÇäöÈöåö ãõÍöíØñ ÈöÇáúÚóÇáóãö ãöäú ßõáøö ÌöåóÉò¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Óóãøóæúåõ ÇáúÝóáóßó ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚó æóÇáúÝóáóßó ÇáúÃóØúáóÓó æóÇáúÃóËöíÑó. æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÌóíøöÏò áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö(1/19)
Ãóäøó áóåõ ÞóæóÇÆöãó ÊóÍúãöáõåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÝóáóßõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ áóåõ ÞóæóÇÆöãõ æóáóÇ íõÍúãóáõ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌóäøóÉõ ÝóæúÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÏóÑóÌóÉò ãóÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÏóÑóÌóÊóíúäö ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÇáúÈõÚúÏõ ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö áóíúÓó åõæó äöÓúÈóÉõ Ýóáóßò Åöáóì Ýóáóßò¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáÓøóÑöíÑö ÇáøóÐöí áöáúãóáößö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóåóÇ ÚóÑúÔñ ÚóÙöíãñ} [Çáäãá: 23] . æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÝóáóßðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúåóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÒóáó ÈöáõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýóåõæó ÓóÑöíÑñ Ðõæ ÞóæóÇÆöãó ÊóÍúãöáõåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ßóÇáúÞõÈøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãö æóåõæó ÓóÞúÝõ ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúãöáõæäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó æóãóäú Íóæúáóåõ íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóíõÄúãöäõæäó Èöåö æóíóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ} [ÛÇÝÑ: 7] . æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæúÚóÇáö Ãóäøóåõãú ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ¡ æóÝóæúÞó ÙõåõæÑöåöäøó ÇáúÚóÑúÔõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÍúãöáõ ÚóÑúÔó ÑóÈøößó ÝóæúÞóåõãú íóæúãóÆöÐò ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 17] .
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ßóÝóÖúáö ÇáúÝóáóÇÉö Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóáúÞóÉö» . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóßöíÚò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò ÞóÇáó: ÓõÆöáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú Þóæúáöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö} [åæÏ: 7] . Úóáóì Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÇÁõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ãóÊúäö ÇáÑøöíÍö ÞóÇáó: æóÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ æóÇáúÃóÑóÖõæäó æóßõáøõ ãóÇ Ýöíåöäøó ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÊõÍöíØõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑõ¡ æóíõÍöíØõ ÈöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö Çáúåóíúßóáõ¡ æóíõÍöíØõ ÈöÇáúåóíúßóáö ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøõ. æóÑóæóì Úóäú æóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóÝóÓøóÑó æóåúÈñ Çáúåóíúßóáó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ãõÍúÏöÞñ ÈöÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó æóÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö ßóÃóØúäóÇÈö ÇáúÝõÓúØóÇØö.
æóÞóÏú ÒóÚóãó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú íóäúÊóÓöÈõ Åöáóì Úöáúãö ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÝóáóßö ÇáËøóÇãöäö ÇáøóÐöí íõÓóãøõæäóåõ Ýóáóßó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊö¡ æóÝöíãóÇ ÒóÚóãõæåõ äóÙóÑñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÈöÔóíúÁò ßóËöíÑò¡ ßóãóÇ æóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ Ãóäøó äöÓúÈóÊóåóÇ Åöáóíúåö ßóäöÓúÈóÉö ÍóáúÞóÉò ãõáúÞóÇÉò ÈöÃóÑúÖò ÝóáóÇÉò¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó äöÓúÈóÉó Ýóáóßò Åöáóì Ýóáóßò¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáõåõãú: äóÍúäõ äóÚúÊóÑöÝõ ÈöÐóáößó æóäõÓóãøöíåö ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóáóßðÇ ÝóäóÞõæáõ ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉð Úóäö ÇáúÝóáóßö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Åöäøó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøó Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ßóÇáúãöÑóÞóÇÉö Åöáóíúåö. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝóáóßðÇ. æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó ãöäúåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈó ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊó ãõÑóÕøóÚóÉñ Ýöíåö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ¡ æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáó áóåõãú Úóáóíúåö åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãõÞóÑøóÑñ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöåöãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/25)
[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö]
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ËóäóÇ ãöäúÌóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ ËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ ËóäóÇ ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú áóíúËò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Ãóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó áóæúÍðÇ ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ ãöäú ÏõÑøóÉò ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ÕóÝóÍóÇÊõåóÇ ãöäú íóÇÞõæÊóÉò ÍóãúÑóÇÁó¡ Þóáõãõåõ äõæÑñ¡ æóßöÊóÇÈõåõ äõæÑñ¡ áöáøóåö Ýöíåö Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò ÓöÊøõæäó æóËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉö áóÍúÙóÉò¡ íóÎúáóÞõ æóíóÑúÒõÞõ¡ æóíõãöíÊõ æóíõÍúíöí¡ æóíõÚöÒøõ æóíõÐöáøõ¡ æóíóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ãõÞóÇÊöáñ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Ýöí ÕóÏúÑö ÇááøóæúÍö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Ïöíäõåõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ ÚóÈúÏõåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ Ýóãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöæóÚúÏöåö æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ÑõÓõáóåõ ÃóÏúÎóáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóæúÍõ áóæúÍñ ãöäú ÏõÑøóÉò ÈóíúÖóÇÁó¡ Øõæáõåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÚóÑúÖõåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóÍóÇÝøóÊóÇåõ ÇáÏøõÑøõ æóÇáúíóÇÞõæÊõ¡ æóÏóÝøóÊóÇåõ íóÇÞõæÊóÉñ ÍóãúÑóÇÁõ¡ æóÞóáóãõåõ äõæÑñ¡ æóßóáóÇãõåõ ãóÚúÞõæÏñ ÈöÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóÃóÕúáõåõ Ýöí ÍöÌúÑö ãóáóßò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö: ÇááøóæúÍõ ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙõ Ýöí ÌóÈúåóÉö ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó. æóÞóÇáó ãõÞóÇÊöáñ: åõæó Úóäú íóãöíäö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö.(1/26)
[ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ]
[ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóÌóÚóáó ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö æóÇáäøõæÑó Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÈöÑóÈøöåöãú íóÚúÏöáõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 1] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßõãõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 54] . Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÂíóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Ýöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑö åóÐöåö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö: ÝóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÃóíøóÇãöäóÇ åóÐöåö. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ æóßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö: Ãóäøó ßõáøó íóæúãò ãöäúåóÇ ßóÃóáúÝö ÓóäóÉò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÚõÏøõæäó. ÑóæóÇåõäøó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÏøó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóåúãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö Èúäö ãõÒóÇÍöãò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö: ÃóÈúÌóÏú åóæøóÒú ÍõØøöí ßóáóãõäú ÓóÚúÝóÕú ÞóÑóÔóÊú¡ æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ÝóÑóæóì Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÞõæáõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÍóÏö. æóíóÞõæáõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö: ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó(1/27)
íóæúãó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö. æóäóÞõæáõ äóÍúäõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÝöíãóÇ ÇäúÊóåóì ÅöáóíúäóÇ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇÈúÊóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãóÇáó Åöáóíúåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíËõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáÊøõÑúÈóÉó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö. æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóÍóÏõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò. æóåõæó äóÕøõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö¡ æóãóÇáó Åöáóíúåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÂÎóÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÔúÈóåõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóÍóÏö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóãõáó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÝóßóÇäó ÂÎöÑõåõäøó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó ; ÝóÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÚöíÏóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃõÓúÈõæÚö¡ æóåõæó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÖóáøó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÞóÈúáóäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó áóßõãú ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÓóæøóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóåõæó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 29] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú ÃóÆöäøóßõãú áóÊóßúÝõÑõæäó ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö æóÊóÌúÚóáõæäó áóåõ ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ Ðóáößó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóæóÇÓöíó ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåóÇ æóÈóÇÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ æóÞóÏøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇÊóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÓóæóÇÁð áöáÓøóÇÆöáöíäó Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóåöíó ÏõÎóÇäñ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ æóáöáúÃóÑúÖö ÇÆúÊöíóÇ ØóæúÚðÇ Ãóæú ßóÑúåðÇ ÞóÇáóÊóÇ ÃóÊóíúäóÇ ØóÇÆöÚöíäó ÝóÞóÖóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö æóÃóæúÍóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÃóãúÑóåóÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÍöÝúÙðÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [ÝÕáÊ: 9]
[ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 9 - 12] .(1/28)
ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÎõáöÞóÊú ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö áöÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇáúÃóÓóÇÓö áöáúÈöäóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó áóßõãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÞóÑóÇÑðÇ æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÈöäóÇÁð æóÕóæøóÑóßõãú ÝóÃóÍúÓóäó ÕõæóÑóßõãú æóÑóÒóÞóßõãú ãöäó ÇáØøóíøöÈóÇÊö Ðóáößõãõ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõßõãú ÝóÊóÈóÇÑóßó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÛÇÝÑ: 64] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú äóÌúÚóáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ãöåóÇÏðÇ æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÃóæúÊóÇÏðÇ} [ÇáäÈÃ: 6] . Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: {æóÈóäóíúäóÇ ÝóæúÞóßõãú ÓóÈúÚðÇ ÔöÏóÇÏðÇ æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÓöÑóÇÌðÇ æóåøóÇÌðÇ} [ÇáäÈÃ: 12]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 30] . Ãóíú ÝóÕóáúäóÇ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÍóÊøóì åóÈøóÊö ÇáÑøöíóÇÍõ¡ æóäóÒóáóÊö ÇáúÃóãúØóÇÑõ¡ æóÌóÑóÊö ÇáúÚõíõæäõ æóÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ¡ æóÇäúÊóÚóÔó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÓóÞúÝðÇ ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ æóåõãú Úóäú ÂíóÇÊöåóÇ ãõÚúÑöÖõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 32] . Ãóíú ÚóãøóÇ ÎõáöÞó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊö æóÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö¡ æóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÇáÒøóÇåöÑóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúÃóÌúÑóÇãö ÇáäøóíøöÑóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÇÊö Úóáóì ÍößúãóÉö ÎóÇáöÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÃóíøöäú ãöäú ÂíóÉò Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóãõÑøõæäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóåõãú ÚóäúåóÇ ãõÚúÑöÖõæäó æóãóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõãú ãõÔúÑößõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 105]
[ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 27 - 32] .(1/29)
ÝóÞóÏú ÊóãóÓøóßó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÕóÑöíÍó ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö¡ æóáóãú íóÝúåóãõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉó. ÝóÅöäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøó ÏóÍúíó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌó ÇáúãóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÑúÚóì ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈóÚúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÈóÇÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ æóÞóÏøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇÊóåóÇ} [ÝÕáÊ: 10] . Ãóíú åóíøóÃó ÃóãóÇßöäó ÇáÒøóÑúÚö æóãóæóÇÖöÚó ÇáúÚõíõæäö æóÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ Ãóßúãóáó ÎóáúÞó ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö ÇáÓøõÝúáöíøö æóÇáúÚõáúæöíøö ÏóÍóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖó¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõæÏóÚðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÎóÑóÌóÊö ÇáúÚõíõæäõ¡ æóÌóÑóÊö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ¡ æóäóÈóÊó ÇáÒøóÑúÚõ æóÇáËøöãóÇÑõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÓøóÑó ÇáÏøóÍúìó ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáúãóÇÁö æóÇáúãóÑúÚóì ãöäúåóÇ æóÅöÑúÓóÇÁö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÏóÍóÇåóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇÁóåóÇ æóãóÑúÚóÇåóÇ} [ÇáäÇÒÚÇÊ: 30] . æóÞóæúáõåõ {æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÃóÑúÓóÇåóÇ} [ÇáäÇÒÚÇÊ: 32] . Ãóíú ÞóÑøóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóãóÇßöäöåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí æóÖóÚóåóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóËóÈøóÊóåóÇ æóÃóßøóÏóåóÇ æóÃóØøóÏóåóÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõ {æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÈóäóíúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏò æóÅöäøóÇ áóãõæÓöÚõæäó æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝóÑóÔúäóÇåóÇ ÝóäöÚúãó ÇáúãóÇåöÏõæäó æóãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÎóáóÞúäóÇ ÒóæúÌóíúäö áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 47] . Ãóíú ÈóÓóØúäóÇåóÇ æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåóÇ ãóåúÏðÇ Ãóíú ÞóÇÑøóÉð ÓóÇßöäóÉð ÛóíúÑó ãõÖúØóÑöÈóÉò æóáóÇ ãóÇÆöÏóÉò Èößõãú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóäöÚúãó ÇáúãóÇåöÏõæäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 48] . æóÇáúæóÇæõ áóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó Ýöí ÇáúæõÞõæÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/30)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÛöíóÇËò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÇãöÚõ Èúäõ ÔóÏøóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäö ãõÍúÑöÒò Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËóåõ Úóäú ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò ÞóÇáó: «ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÚóÞóáúÊõ äóÇÞóÊöí ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ äóÇÓñ ãóäú Èóäöí Êóãöíãò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÇÞúÈóáõæÇ ÇáúÈõÔúÑóì íóÇ Èóäöí Êóãöíãò " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÞóÏú ÈóÔøóÑúÊóäóÇ ÝóÃóÚúØöäóÇ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö äóÇÓñ ãöäó Çáúíóãóäö ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÇÞúÈóáõæÇ ÇáúÈõÔúÑóì íóÇ Ãóåúáó Çáúíóãóäö ÅöÐú áóãú íóÞúÈóáúåóÇ Èóäõæ Êóãöíãò " ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÞóÏú ÞóÈöáúäóÇ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÌöÆúäóÇßó äóÓúÃóáõßó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÞóÇáó: " ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÔóíúÁñ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóßóÊóÈó Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑö ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó " ÝóäóÇÏóì ãõäóÇÏò: ÐóåóÈóÊú äóÇÞóÊõßó íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÇáúÍõÕóíúäö. ÝóÇäúØóáóÞúÊõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó íóÞúØóÚõ ÏõæäóåóÇ ÇáÓøóÑóÇÈõ¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö áóæóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÊóÑóßúÊõåóÇ» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí æóßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö Ëõãøó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó. æóåõæó áóÝúÙõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÌøóÇÌñ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò ãóæúáóì Ãóãøö(1/31)
ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöíóÏöí ÝóÞóÇáó: ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáÊøõÑúÈóÉó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÍóÏö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáÔøóÌóÑó ÝöíåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúãóßúÑõæåó íóæúãó ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáäøõæÑó íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÑúÈöÚóÇÁö¡ æóÈóËøó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøó íóæúãó ÇáúÎóãöíÓö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ÓóÇÚóÇÊö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì Çááøóíúáö» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Úóäú ÓõÑóíúÌö Èúäö íõæäõÓó¡ æóåóÇÑõæäó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ Úóäú åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóíõæÓõÝó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ËóáóÇËóÊõåõãú Úóäú ÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãöÕøöíÕöíøö ÇáúÃóÚúæóÑö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò Èöåö ãöËúáõåõ ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúÌõæÒóÌóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÏøóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö Èúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÎóÐó ÈöíóÏöí ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó¡ æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö¡ æóÎóáóÞó ÇáÊøõÑúÈóÉó íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÈúÊö» . æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãóåõ ÈöäóÍúæöåö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö¡ æóÞóÇáó(1/32)
ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóäú ßóÚúÈò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãöãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó æóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ãöäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ íóÕúØóÍöÈóÇäö æóíóÊóÌóÇáóÓóÇäö áöáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóåóÐóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõåõ Úóäú ÕõÍõÝöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÍóÏøöËõåõ ÈöãóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóáúÞøóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ßóÚúÈò¡ Úóäú ÕõÍõÝöåö Ýóæóåöãó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóßøóÏó ÑóÝúÚóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöíóÏöí ". Ëõãøó Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö ÛóÑóÇÈóÉñ ÔóÏöíÏóÉñ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóÝöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈúÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÎõáöÞóÊú Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ Ëõãøó ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö ãöäú ÏõÎóÇäò¡ æóåõæó ÈõÎóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Íöíäó ÇÖúØóÑóÈó ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ãöäú ÒóÈóÏöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈöÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑò ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò.
æóÚóäú äóÇÓò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó áóßõãú ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÓóæøóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 29] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÇäó ÚóÑúÔõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóáóãú íóÎúáõÞú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáúÎóáúÞó ÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÏõÎóÇäðÇ ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÝóæúÞó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóÓóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÓóãøóÇåõ ÓóãóÇÁð¡ Ëõãøó ÃóíúÈóÓó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ÃóÑúÖðÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÊóÞóåóÇ ÝóÌóÚóáó ÓóÈúÚó ÃóÑúÖöíäó Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö: ÇáúÃóÍóÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Úóáóì ÍõæÊò æóåõæó Çáäøõæäõ ÇáøóÐöí(1/33)
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ä æóÇáúÞóáóãö æóãóÇ íóÓúØõÑõæäó} [ÇáÞáã: 1] . æóÇáúÍõæÊõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÕóÝóÇÉò¡ æóÇáÕøóÝóÇÉõ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑö ãóáóßò¡ æóÇáúãóáóßõ Úóáóì ÕóÎúÑóÉò¡ æóÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöíÍö ; æóåöíó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑó áõÞúãóÇäõ áóíúÓóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÊóÍóÑøóßó ÇáúÍõæÊõ ÝóÇÖúØóÑóÈó ÝóÊóÒóáúÒóáóÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÝóÃóÑúÓóì ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÝóÞóÑøóÊú. æóÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ íóæúãó ÇáËøõáóÇËóÇÁö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó æóãóÇ Ýöíåöäøó ãöäó ÇáúãóäóÇÝöÚö¡ æóÎóáóÞó íóæúãó ÇáúÃóÑúÈöÚóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÌóÑó æóÇáúãóÇÁó æóÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäó æóÇáúÚõãúÑóÇäó æóÇáúÎóÑóÇÈó¡ æóÝóÊóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó æóßóÇäóÊú ÑóÊúÞðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö: ÇáúÎóãöíÓö æóÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÅöäøóãóÇ Óõãøöíó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóãóÚó Ýöíåö ÎóáúÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóæúÍóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÃóãúÑóåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÎóáóÞó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÎóáúÞóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö æóÌöÈóÇáö ÇáúÈóÑóÏö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáõãõåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ëõãøó Òóíøóäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÈöÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÝóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÒöíäóÉð æóÍöÝúÙðÇ ÊóÍúÝóÙõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú ÎóáúÞö ãóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ íóÐúßõÑõ Èöåö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÛóÑóÇÈóÉñ¡ æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåóÇ ãõÊóáóÞøóì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö ÝóÅöäøó ßóÚúÈó ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö áóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäó íóÊóÍóÏøóËõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäú Úõáõæãö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóãöÚõ áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ ÊóÃúáöíÝðÇ áóåõ æóÊóÚóÌøõÈðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöãøóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáøóÐöí æóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ(1/34)
ÇáúãõØóåøóÑõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÒó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö äóÞúáó ãóÇ íõæÑöÏõåõ ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ; áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó áóßöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÛóáóØñ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö: æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó áóäóÈúáõæ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßóÐöÈó Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÊóÚóãøóÏõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóäóÍúäõ äõæÑöÏõ ãóÇ äõæÑöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí íóÓõæÞõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ßöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó Úóäúåõãú¡ Ëõãøó äõÊúÈöÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÈöãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö Ãóæú íõßóÐøöÈõåõ¡ æóíóÈúÞóì ÇáúÈóÇÞöí ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÕóÏøóÞõ æóáóÇ íõßóÐøóÈõ¡ æóÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒöäóÇÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóãøóÇ ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó ßóÊóÈó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Åöäøó ÑóÍúãóÊöí ÛóáóÈóÊú ÛóÖóÈöí» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó Èöåö.(1/35)
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöËúáóåõäøó íóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èóíúäóåõäøó áöÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÍóÇØó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ} [ÇáØáÇÞ: 12] . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚõáóíøóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó äóÇÓò ÎõÕõæãóÉñ Ýöí ÃóÑúÖò¡ ÝóÏóÎóáó Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÝóÐóßóÑó áóåóÇ Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóáóãóÉó ÇÌúÊóäöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝóÅöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ãóäú Ùóáóãó ÞöíÏó ÔöÈúÑò ØõæøöÞóåõ ãöäú ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈóÇäò¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈöãöËúáöåö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøöåö ÎõÓöÝó Èöåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Åöáóì ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èöåö. æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÝúÑóÇÏöåö.(1/36)
æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ åóÇåõäóÇ ÍóÏöíËó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Åöäøó ÇáÒøóãóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóÇÑó ßóåóíúÆóÊöåö íóæúãó ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÇáÓøóäóÉõ ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÔóåúÑðÇ» . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. æóãõÑóÇÏõåõ - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - ÊóÞúÑöíÑõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöËúáóåõäøó} [ÇáØáÇÞ: 12] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÚöÏøóÉó ÇáÔøõåõæÑö ÇáúÂäó ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉð áöÚöÏøóÉö ÇáÔøõåõæÑö ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝóåóÐöåö ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóäö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó Êöáúßó ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóßóÇäö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö äõÝóíúáò: Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇÕóãóÊúåõ ÃóÑóæóì Ýöí ÍóÞøò ÒóÚóãóÊú Ãóäøóåõ ÇäúÊóÞóÕóåõ áóåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÑúæóÇäó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÓóÚöíÏñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóäóÇ ÃóäúÊóÞöÕõ ãöäú ÍóÞøöåóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ! «ÃóÔúåóÏõ áóÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó ÔöÈúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÙõáúãðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõØóæøöÞõåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ãöäú ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ãóæúáóì Èóäöí åóÇÔöãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ(1/37)
ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: «ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Ãóíøõ ÇáÙøõáúãö ÃóÚúÙóãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÐöÑóÇÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóäúÊóÞöÕõåõ ÇáúãóÑúÁõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ãöäú ÍóÞøö ÃóÎöíåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÍóÕóÇÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóÃúÎõÐõåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ØõæøöÞóåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Åöáóì ÞóÚúÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÞóÚúÑóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåóÇ» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æõåóíúÈñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Óõåóíúáñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó ÔöÈúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøöåö ØõæøöÞóåõ ãöäú ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ãóäö ÇÞúÊóØóÚó ÔöÈúÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøöåö ØõæøöÞóåõ Åöáóì ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö(1/38)
ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÔöÈúÑðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøöåö ØõæøöÞóåõ ãöäú ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó. ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÞõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ãöËúáóåõ.
ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÝóæúÞó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ Ýöí æóÓóØöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóäúÊóåöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÕóãøóÇÁõ áóÇ ÌóæúÝó áóåóÇ¡ æóÝöí æóÓóØöåóÇ ÇáúãóÑúßóÒõ¡ æóåõæó äõÞúØóÉñ ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉñ ãõÊóæóåøóãóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÍóØøõ ÇáúÃóËúÞóÇáö Åöáóíúåö íóäúÊóåöí ãóÇ íóåúÈöØõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÌóÇäöÈò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÚóÇæöÞúåõ ãóÇäöÚñ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ åóáú åõäøó ãõÊóÑóÇßöãóÇÊñ ÈöáóÇ ÊõÝóÇÕõáò Ãóæú Èóíúäó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÇáøóÊöí ÊóáöíåóÇ ÎóáóÇÁñ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÌóÇÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó Èóíúäó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåõäøó æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ãóÓóÇÝóÉð áöÙóÇåöÑö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöËúáóåõäøó íóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èóíúäóåõäøó} [ÇáØáÇÞ: 12] . ÇáúÂíóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÑóíúÌñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóßóãõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÈóíúäóÇ äóÍúäõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐú ãóÑøóÊú ÓóÍóÇÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ åóÐöåö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ(1/39)
æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚóäóÇäõ æóÒóæóÇíóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ íóÓõæÞõåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ãóäú áóÇ íóÔúßõÑõæäóåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö æóáóÇ íóÏúÚõæäóåõ. ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÝóæúÞóßõãú¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøóÞöíÚõ ãóæúÌñ ãóßúÝõæÝñ æóÓóÞúÝñ ãóÍúÝõæÙñ. ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ßóãú Èóíúäóßõãú æóÈóíúäóåóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÝóæúÞóåóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò. ÍóÊøóì ÚóÏøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ ÝóæúÞó Ðóáößó¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚóÑúÔõ. ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ßóãú Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÊóÍúÊóßõãú¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÖñ. ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÖñ ÃõÎúÑóì ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ßóãú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò. ÍóÊøóì ÚóÏøó ÓóÈúÚó ÃóÑóÖöíäó. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö áóæú ÏóáøóíúÊõãú ÃóÍóÏóßõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö(1/40)
ÇáÓøõÝúáóì ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö áóåóÈóØó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó {åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÇáúÂÎöÑõ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ æóÇáúÈóÇØöäõ æóåõæó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÍÏíÏ: 3] » [ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: 3] . . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãõÄóÏøöÈö¡ Úóäú ÔóíúÈóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÈõÚúÏó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÃóÑúÖóíúäö ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ßóáöãóÉð ÐóßóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. ÞóÇáó: æóíõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó¡ æóíõæäõÓó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóãú íóÓúãóÚö ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ãöäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ãöËúáó áóÝúÙö ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ÓóæóÇÁð ÈöÏõæäö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäú ÈöÔúÑò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáúÛöÝóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÚöäúÏó ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæúÚóÇáö ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Úóäö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ. æóÝöíåö: " æóÈõÚúÏõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁóíúäö ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò¡ æóßöËóÝõåóÇ Ãóíú ÓõãúßõåóÇ ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Úóáóì ÍóÏöíËö " ØõæøöÞóåõ ãöäú ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÑóÖöíäó " ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉõ ÃóÞóÇáöíãó ; Ýóåõæó Þóæúáñ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÙóÇåöÑó ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó¡ æóÕóÑöíÍó ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö ãóÚó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏúäóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ Íóãóáó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÇáúÂíóÉó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÙóÇåöÑöåöãóÇ ÈöáóÇ ãõÓúÊóäóÏò æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ Úóäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöäóÇ ãöäú Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈò¡ æóÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉò ãöäú ßöÈúÑöíÊò¡ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ãöäú ßóÐóÇ. Ýóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÎúÈóÑú Èöåö æóíóÕöÍøó ÓóäóÏõåõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÕõæãò Ýóåõæó ãóÑúÏõæÏñ Úóáóì ÞóÇÆöáöåö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÇáúãóÑúæöíøõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÖò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöËúáõ ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÍóÊøóì ÂÏóãó ßóÂÏóãößõãú¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó(1/42)
ßóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãößõãú. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãõÎúÊóÕóÑðÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÕóÇåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ãóÍúãõæáñ Åöäú ÕóÍøó äóÞúáõåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÎóÐóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÚóæøóÇãõ Èúäõ ÍóæúÔóÈò¡ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÌóÚóáóÊú ÊóãöíÏõ¡ ÝóÎóáóÞó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÝóÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ; ÝóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøóÊú ÝóÊóÚóÌøóÈóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÈøö åóáú ãöäú ÎóáúÞößó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ; ÇáúÍóÏöíÏõ. ÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ÎóáúÞößó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ; ÇáäøóÇÑõ. ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ÎóáúÞößó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ; ÇáúãóÇÁõ. ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ÎóáúÞößó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ; ÇáÑøöíÍõ. ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ÎóáúÞößó ÔóíúÁñ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú ; ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó¡ íóÊóÕóÏøóÞõ Èöíóãöíäöåö íõÎúÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÔóãóÇáöåö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÃóÚúÏóÇÏó ÌöÈóÇáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÈöÞóÇÚöåóÇ¡ ÔóÑúÞðÇ(1/43)
æóÛóÑúÈðÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÃóØúæóÇáóåóÇ¡ æóÈõÚúÏó ÇãúÊöÏóÇÏöåóÇ¡ æóÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚöåóÇ¡ æóÃóæúÓóÚõæÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ íóØõæáõ ÔóÑúÍõåõ åõäóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÌõÏóÏñ ÈöíÖñ æóÍõãúÑñ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ ÃóáúæóÇäõåóÇ æóÛóÑóÇÈöíÈõ ÓõæÏñ} [ÝÇØÑ: 27] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò: ÇáúÌõÏõÏõ ; ÇáØøóÑóÇÆöÞõ. æóÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÇáúÛóÑóÇÈöíÈõ ÇáúÌöÈóÇáõ ÇáØøöæóÇáõ ÇáÓøõæÏõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÈöÞóÇÚöåóÇ æóÃóáúæóÇäöåóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÌõæÏöíøó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö ; æóåõæó ÌóÈóáñ ÚóÙöíãñ ÔóÑúÞöíøó ÌóÒöíÑóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Åöáóì ÌóÇäöÈö ÏöÌúáóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÕöáö ÇãúÊöÏóÇÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäõæÈö Åöáóì ÇáÔøóãóÇáö ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò¡ æóÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚõåõ ãóÓöíÑóÉõ äöÕúÝö íóæúãò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÎúÖóÑõ ; áöÃóäøó Ýöíåö ÔóÌóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóáøõæØö¡ æóÅöáóì ÌóÇäöÈöåö ÞóÑúíóÉñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÞóÑúíóÉõ ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó ; áöÓõßúäóì ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÌóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ãóÚó äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì ØõæÑó ÓóíúäóÇÁó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúÈóåóÇÁõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÕóì Ýöí ÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì " Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓóÉö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÈóßúÑò¡ Úóäú ËóæúÑö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ãóÚúÏóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞúÓóãó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóÌúÈõáò ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÇáÊøöíäö æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäö æóØõæÑö Óöíäöíäó æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÃóãöíäö} [ÇáÊíä: 1]
[ÇáÊøöíäö: 1 - 3] . ÝóÇáÊøöíäõ ØõæÑõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö¡ æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäõ(1/44)
ØõæÑõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ {æóØõæÑõ Óöíäöíäó æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÃóãöíäö} [ÇáÊíä: 2] . ÌóÈóáõ ãóßøóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÇáÊøöíäõ ÌóÈóáñ Úóáóíúåö ÏöãóÔúÞõ¡ æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäõ ÌóÈóáñ Úóáóíúåö ÈóíúÊõ ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÌúÈõáò íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÌóÈóáõ ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ æóáõÈúäóÇäó¡ æóÇáØøõæÑö¡ æóÇáúÌõæÏöíøö íóßõæäõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõäøó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö áõÄúáõÄóÉð ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ÊõÖöíÁõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóÑúÌöÚúäó Åöáóì ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÍóÊøóì ÊõÌúÚóáó Ýöí ÒóæóÇíóÇåõ äõæÑðÇ¡ æóíóÖóÚó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ßõÑúÓöíøóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÞúÖöíó Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö. {
æóÊóÑóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÍóÇÝøöíäó ãöäú Íóæúáö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÞõÖöíó Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÞöíáó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÒãÑ: 75] . æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò ËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÊößóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÞóÇáó: ÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÌóÈóáö ÞóÇÓúíõæäó Ãóäú åóÈú Ùöáøóßó æóÈóÑóßóÊóßó áöÌóÈóáö ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÝóÚóáó. ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Åöáóíúåö: ÃóãóÇ ÅöÐú ÝóÚóáúÊó ÝóÅöäøöí ÓóÃóÈúäöí áöí Ýöí ÍöÖúäößó ÈóíúÊðÇ ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: ÞóÇáó ÇáúæóáöíÏõ: Ýöí ÍöÖúäößó: Ãóíú Ýöí æóÓóØöåö¡ æóåõæó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ íóÚúäöí ãóÓúÌöÏó ÏöãóÔúÞó ÃõÚúÈóÏõ Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÏó ÎóÑóÇÈö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóíøóÇãõ æóÇááøóíóÇáöí ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑõÏøó Úóáóíúßó Ùöáøóßó æóÈóÑóßóÊóßó. ÞóÇáó: Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏõ Çááøóåö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÇáÖøóÚöíÝö ÇáúãõÊóÖóÑøöÚö. æóÚóäú Îóáöíáö Èúäö(1/45)
ÏóÚúáóÌò: Ãóäøó ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÒóæúÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÊóÊú ØóÑóÝó ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÝóÕóáøóÊú Ýöíåö¡ æóÕóÚöÏóÊú Åöáóì ØõæÑö ÑóÈøöäóÇ ÝóÕóáøóÊú Ýöíåö¡ æóÈóÇÊóÊú Úóáóì ØóÑóÝö ÇáúÌóÈóáö ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ íóÊóÝóÑøóÞõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÅöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö.(1/46)
[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÎøóÑó ÇáúÈóÍúÑó áöÊóÃúßõáõæÇ ãöäúåõ áóÍúãðÇ ØóÑöíøðÇ æóÊóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÍöáúíóÉð ÊóáúÈóÓõæäóåóÇ æóÊóÑóì ÇáúÝõáúßó ãóæóÇÎöÑó Ýöíåö æóáöÊóÈúÊóÛõæÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáöåö æóáóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÔúßõÑõæäó æóÃóáúÞóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÑóæóÇÓöíó Ãóäú ÊóãöíÏó Èößõãú æóÃóäúåóÇÑðÇ æóÓõÈõáðÇ áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóåúÊóÏõæäó æóÚóáóÇãóÇÊò æóÈöÇáäøóÌúãö åõãú íóåúÊóÏõæäó ÃóÝóãóäú íóÎúáõÞõ ßóãóäú áóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó æóÅöäú ÊóÚõÏøõæÇ äöÚúãóÉó Çááøóåö áóÇ ÊõÍúÕõæåóÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [ÇáäÍá: 14]
[ÝóÇØöÑò: 12] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö åóÐóÇ ÚóÐúÈñ ÝõÑóÇÊñ æóåóÐóÇ ãöáúÍñ ÃõÌóÇÌñ æóÌóÚóáó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎðÇ æóÍöÌúÑðÇ ãóÍúÌõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 53] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÑóÌó ÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö íóáúÊóÞöíóÇäö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÈóÑúÒóÎñ áóÇ íóÈúÛöíóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 19]
[ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 19¡ 20] . ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö: ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúãöáúÍõ ÇáúãõÑøõ æóåõæó ÇáúÃõÌóÇÌõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÚóÐúÈõ åõæó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÇáÓøóÇÑöÍóÉõ Èóíúäó ÃóÞúØóÇÑö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö áöãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡(1/47)
æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú ÂíóÇÊöåö ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöí Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ßóÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö Åöäú íóÔóÃú íõÓúßöäö ÇáÑøöíÍó ÝóíóÙúáóáúäó ÑóæóÇßöÏó Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöåö Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áößõáøö ÕóÈøóÇÑò ÔóßõæÑò Ãóæú íõæÈöÞúåõäøó ÈöãóÇ ßóÓóÈõæÇ æóíóÚúÝõ Úóäú ßóËöíÑò} [ÇáÔæÑì: 32]
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ÇáØøóåõæÑõ ãóÇÄõåõ ÇáúÍöáøõ ãóíúÊóÊõåõ» .
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[ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 10 - 13] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÏöí ãöäúåóÇ ÞóÑöíÈõ ÇáËøõáõËóíúäö ãöäúåõ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ÞóáöíáðÇ æóåõæó ÎóãúÓñ æóÓöÊøõæäó ÏóÑóÌóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúãõÍöíØõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÃõæÞúíóÇäõæÓõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÊóÇÎöãõ ÈöáóÇÏó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ æóÝöíåö ÇáúÌóÒóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÏóÇÊõ¡ æóÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÓóÇÍöáöåö ÚóÔúÑõ ÏóÑóÌò ãóÓóÇÝóÉõ ÔóåúÑò ÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÈóÍúÑñ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Óõáõæßõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÑõßõæÈõåõ áößóËúÑóÉö åóíúÌöåö æóÇÛúÊöáóÇãöåö æóãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúæóÇÌö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÕóíúÏñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóÇÝóÑõ Ýöíåö áöãóÊúÌóÑò(1/53)
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÑóæóÇÓöíó Ãóäú ÊóãöíÏó Èöåöãú æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÝöÌóÇÌðÇ ÓõÈõáðÇ áóÚóáøóåõãú íóåúÊóÏõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 31] . æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÈóØúáóíúãõæÓõ ÃóÍóÏõ ãõáõæßö ÇáúåöäúÏö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáúãóÌöÓúØöí ÇáøóÐöí ÚõÑøöÈó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ÇáúãóÃúãõæäö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚõáõæãö Ãóäøó ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑó ÇáúãõÊóÝóÌøöÑóÉó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍöíØö ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøö¡ æóÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøö æóÇáúÌóäõæÈöíøö¡ æóÇáÔøóãóÇáöíøö ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóáóßöäú íõÓóãøóì ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúãõÊóÇÎöãóÉö áóåõ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÞõáúÒõãö¡ æóÇáúÞõáúÒõãõ ÞóÑúíóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÇÍöáöåö ÞóÑöíÈñ ãöäú ÃóíúáóÉó¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ÝóÇÑöÓó¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÎóÒóÑö¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ æóÑúäóßó¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ÇáÑøõæãö¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ÈóäúØóÔó¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞö ãóÏöíäóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÇÍöáöåö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÍúÑõ ÇáúÞóÑúãö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóíóÊóÖóÇíóÞõ ÍóÊøóì íóÕõÈøó Ýöí ÈóÍúÑö ÇáÑøõæãö ÚöäúÏó ÌóäõæÈöíøö ÇáúÞõÓúØóäúØöíäöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÎóáöíÌõ ÇáúÞõÓúØóäúØöíäöíøóÉö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÊõÓúÑöÚõ ÇáúãóÑóÇßöÈõ Ýöí ÓóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑúãö Åöáóì ÈóÍúÑö ÇáÑøõæãö¡ æóÊõÈúØöíÁõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÑúãö áöÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáöåóÇ ÌóÑóíóÇäó ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÈö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇÁò ÌóÇÑò Ýóåõæó Íõáúæñ ÅöáøóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ æóßõáøõ ÈóÍúÑò ÑóÇßöÏò Ýóåõæó ãöáúÍñ ÃõÌóÇÌñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõÐúßóÑõ Úóäú ÈóÍúÑö ÇáúÎóÒóÑö æóåõæó ÈóÍúÑõ ÌõÑúÌóÇäó¡ æóÈóÍúÑõ ØóÈóÑöÓúÊóÇäó Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ÞöØúÚóÉð ßóÈöíÑóÉð ãóÇÁð ÍõáúæðÇ ÝõÑóÇÊðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑõæäó Úóäúåõ. ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö: æóåõæó ÈóÍúÑñ ãõÓúÊóÏöíÑõ ÇáÔøóßúáö Åöáóì ÇáØøõæáö ãóÇ åõæó. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãõËóáøóËñ ßóÇáúÞóáúÚö æóáóíúÓó åõæó ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáúãõÍöíØö Èóáú ãõäúÝóÑöÏñ æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóØõæáõåõ ËóãóÇäõãöÇÆóÉö ãöíáò¡ æóÚóÑúÖõåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉò. æóÞöíáó: ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/55)
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãóÏøõ æóÇáúÌóÒúÑõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö äóÙöíÑõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÊóÒóÇíóÏõ ÇáúãóÇÁõ ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáÔøóåúÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ Ýöí ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Åöáóì ÊóãóÇãö ÇááøóíúáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäúåõ æóåõæó ÇáúãóÏøõ Ëõãøó íóÔúÑóÚõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúÕö æóåõæó ÇáúÌóÒúÑõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÔøóåúÑö.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÊóÍúÏöíÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö æóãõÈúÊóÏóÇåóÇ æóãõäúÊóåóÇåóÇ. æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúÈõÍóíúÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõÌúÊóãöÚóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøõíõæáö¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÈóØóÇÆöÍõ. æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁóåóÇ¡ æóÇäúÊöåóÇÁóåóÇ.
æóáóÓúäóÇ ÈöÕóÏóÏö ÈóÓúØö Ðóáößó æóÇáÊøóØúæöíáö Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÊóßóáøóãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö ÐößúÑõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö ÑöÒúÞðÇ áóßõãú æóÓóÎøóÑó áóßõãõ ÇáúÝõáúßó áöÊóÌúÑöíó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÈöÃóãúÑöåö æóÓóÎøóÑó áóßõãõ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑó æóÓóÎøóÑó áóßõãõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ÏóÇÆöÈóíúäö æóÓóÎøóÑó áóßõãõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó æóÂÊóÇßõãú ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊõãõæåõ æóÅöäú ÊóÚõÏøõæÇ äöÚúãóÉó Çááøóåö áóÇ ÊõÍúÕõæåóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó áóÙóáõæãñ ßóÝøóÇÑñ} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 32]
[ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 32 - 34] . ÝóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ãóÇáößö Èúäö ÕóÚúÕóÚóÉó: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÓöÏúÑóÉó ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöÐóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáöåóÇ äóåúÑóÇäö ÈóÇØöäóÇäö¡ æóäóåúÑóÇäö ÙóÇåöÑóÇäö ; ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÇäö ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÇäö ÝóÇáäøöíáõ æóÇáúÝõÑóÇÊõ» . æóÝöí áóÝúÙò Ýöí ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö " ÚõäúÕõÑõåõãóÇ " Ãóíú: ãóÇÏøóÊõåõãóÇ Ãóæú ÔóßúáõåõãóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåöãóÇ æóäóÚúÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ¡ æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú(1/56)
ÎõÈóíúÈö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÓóíúÍóÇäõ æóÌóíúÍóÇäõ æóÇáúÝõÑóÇÊõ æóÇáäøöíáõ ßõáøñ ãöäú ÃóäúåóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÝõÌøöÑóÊú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóäúåóÇÑò ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊõ æóÇáäøöíáõ æóÓóíúÍóÇäõ æóÌóíúÍóÇäõ» . æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò. æóßóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑó ÊõÔúÈöåõ ÃóäúåóÇÑó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýöí ÕóÝóÇÆöåóÇ æóÚõÐõæÈóÊöåóÇ æóÌóÑóíóÇäöåóÇ¡ æóãöäú ÌöäúÓö Êöáúßó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúÚóÌúæóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÔöÝóÇÁñ ãöäó ÇáÓøõãøö» . Ãóíú ÊõÔúÈöåõ ËóãóÑó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÌúÊóäóÇÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍöÓøó íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóßóÐóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúÍõãøóì ãöäú ÝóíúÍö Ìóåóäøóãó ÝóÃóÈúÑöÏõæåóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö» . æóßóÐóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: «ÔöÏøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÑøö ãöäú ÝóíúÍö Ìóåóäøóãó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÃóÕúáõ ãóäúÈóÚöåóÇ ãõÔóÇåóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö.(1/57)
ÃóãøóÇ Çáäøöíáõ ; æóåõæó ÇáäøóåúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó Ýöí ÃóäúåóÇÑö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóåõ äóÙöíÑñ Ýöí ÎöÝøóÊöåö¡ æóáóØóÇÝóÊöåö¡ æóÈõÚúÏö ãóÓúÑóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ãõÈúÊóÏóÇåõ Åöáóì ãõäúÊóåóÇåõ ÝóãõÈúÊóÏóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÇáúÞõãúÑö Ãóíö ÇáúÈöíÖö. æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: ÌöÈóÇáõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö ÈöÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúßóæúßóÈö. æóåöíó Ýöí ÛóÑúÈöíøö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÑóÇÁó ÎóØøö ÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÌóäõæÈöíøö. æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÍõãúÑñ ÊóäúÈõÚõ ãöäú ÈóíúäöåóÇ Úõíõæäñ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ãöäú ÚóÔúÑö ãóÓöíáóÇÊò ãõÊóÈóÇÚöÏóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ßõáøõ ÎóãúÓóÉò ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÈóÍúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóäúåóÇÑñ ÓöÊøóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ßõáøõåóÇ Ýöí ÈõÍóíúÑóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ëõãøó íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåóÇ äóåúÑñ æóÇÍöÏñ åõæó Çáäøöíáõ ÝóíóãõÑøõ Úóáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÓøõæÏóÇäö ÈöÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Úóáóì ÇáäøóæúÈóÉö¡ æóãóÏöíäóÊöåóÇ ÇáúÚõÙúãóì ÏõãúÞõáóÉó¡ Ëõãøó Úóáóì ÃõÓúæóÇäó¡ Ëõãøó íóÝöÏõ Úóáóì ÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÍóãøóáó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÈóÔóÉö ÒöíóÇÏóÇÊö ÃóãúØóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÊóÑóÝó ãöäú ÊõÑóÇÈöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãõÍúÊóÇÌóÉñ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ãóØóÑóåóÇ Þóáöíáñ áóÇ íóßúÝöí ÒõÑõæÚóåóÇ æóÃóÔúÌóÇÑóåóÇ¡ æóÊõÑúÈóÊóåóÇ ÑöãóÇáñ áóÇ ÊõäúÈöÊõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÌöíÁó Çáäøöíáõ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö æóØöíäöåö ÝóíóäúÈõÊõ Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåöíó ãöäú ÃóÍóÞøö ÇáúÃóÑóÇÖöí ÈöÏõÎõæáöåóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ ÃóäøóÇ äóÓõæÞõ ÇáúãóÇÁó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÌõÑõÒö ÝóäõÎúÑöÌõ Èöåö ÒóÑúÚðÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ãöäúåõ ÃóäúÚóÇãõåõãú æóÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú ÃóÝóáóÇ íõÈúÕöÑõæäó} [ÇáÓÌÏÉ: 27] .
Ëõãøó íóÊóÌóÇæóÒõ Çáäøöíáõ ãöÕúÑó ÞóáöíáðÇ ÝóíóÝúÊóÑöÞõ ÔóØúÑóíúäö ÚöäúÏó ÞóÑúíóÉò Úóáóì ÔóÇØöÆöåö íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÔóØóäõæÝõ ÝóíóãõÑøõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøõ Úóáóì ÑóÔöíÏò¡ æóíóÕõÈøõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáúãóÇáöÍö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøõ ÝóÊóÝúÊóÑöÞõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÌóæúÌóÑó ÝöÑúÞóÊóíúäö ÊóãõÑøõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøóÉõ ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÏöãúíóÇØó ãöäú ÛóÑúÈöíøöåóÇ¡ æóíóÕõÈøõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøóÉõ ãöäúåõãóÇ(1/58)
ÊóãõÑøõ Úóáóì ÃóÔúãõæäö ØóäøóÇÍò ÝóíóÕõÈøõ åõäóÇßó Ýöí ÈõÍóíúÑóÉò ÔóÑúÞöíøö ÏöãúíóÇØó íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÈõÍóíúÑóÉõ ÊóäøöíÓó¡ æóÈõÍóíúÑóÉõ ÏöãúíóÇØó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈõÚúÏñ ÚóÙöíãñ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ãõÈúÊóÏóÇåõ Åöáóì ãõäúÊóåóÇåõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóáúØóÝó ÇáúãöíóÇåö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíäóÇ: áóåõ ÎõÕõæÕöíøóÇÊñ Ïõæäó ãöíóÇåö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏõåóÇ ãóÓóÇÝóÉð ãöäú ãóÌúÑóÇåõ Åöáóì ÃóÞúÕóÇåõ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌúÑöí Úóáóì ÕõÎõæÑò¡ æóÑöãóÇáò áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÎóÒøñ æóáóÇ ØõÍúáõÈñ æóáóÇ ÃóæúÍóÇáñ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÖóÑøõ Ýöíåö ÍóÌóÑñ æóáóÇ ÍóÕóÇÉñ ; æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÕöÍøóÉö ãöÒóÇÌöåö¡ æóÍóáóÇæóÊöåö æóáóØóÇÝóÊöåö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó ÒöíóÇÏóÊóåõ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö äõÞúÕóÇäö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö¡ æóäõÞúÕóÇäóåõ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãö ÒöíóÇÏóÊöåóÇ¡ æóßóËúÑóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãöäú Ãóäøó ÃóÕúáó ãóäúÈóÚö Çáäøöíáö ãöäú ãóßóÇäò ãõÑúÊóÝöÚò ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÑóÃóì åõäóÇßó åóæúáðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóÌóæóÇÑöíó ÍöÓóÇäðÇ¡ æóÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÛóÑöíÈóÉð¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ íõãúßöäõåõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÎõÑóÇÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄóÑøöÎöíäó¡ æóåóÐóíóÇäóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÝøóÇßöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó Úóäú ÞóíúÓö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö Úóãøóäú ÍóÏøóËóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÝõÊöÍóÊú ãöÕúÑõ ÃóÊóì ÃóåúáõåóÇ ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö Íöíäó ÏóÎóáó ÔóåúÑõ ÈóÄõæäóÉó ãöäú ÃóÔúåõÑö ÇáúÚóÌóãö ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÃóãöíÑõ Åöäøó áöäöíáöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÓõäøóÉð áóÇ íóÌúÑöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áöËöäúÊóíú ÚóÔúÑóÉó áóíúáóÉð ÎóáóÊú ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÚóãóÏúäóÇ Åöáóì ÌóÇÑöíóÉò ÈößúÑò Èóíúäó ÃóÈóæóíúåóÇ ÝóÃóÑúÖóíúäóÇ ÃóÈóæóíúåóÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóáúíö¡ æóÇáËøöíóÇÈö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóáúÞóíúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ Çáäøöíáö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÚóãúÑñæ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó íóåúÏöãõ ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ. ÝóÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÈóÄõæäóÉó¡ æóÇáäøöíáõ áóÇ íóÌúÑöí áóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ æóáóÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÝóÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÈóÄõæäóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöíÈó¡ æóãöÓúÑóì¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÌúÑöí ÍóÊøóì åóãøõæÇ ÈöÇáúÌóáóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó ÚóãúÑñæ Åöáóì ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÈöÐóáößó ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÚõãóÑõ Åöäøóßó ÞóÏú ÃóÕóÈúÊó ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáúÊó¡ æóÅöäøöí ÞóÏú ÈóÚóËúÊõ Åöáóíúßó(1/59)
ÈöØóÇÞóÉð ÏóÇÎöáó ßöÊóÇÈöí åóÐóÇ ÝóÃóáúÞöåóÇ Ýöí Çáäøöíáö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÃóÎóÐó ÚóãúÑñæ ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉó ÝóÝóÊóÍóåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝöíåóÇ: ãöäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÚõãóÑó ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöáóì äöíáö ãöÕúÑó ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÞöÈóáö äóÝúÓößó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌúÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúÞóåøóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÌúÑöíßó ÝóäóÓúÃóáõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íõÌúÑöíóßó. ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÚóãúÑñæ ÇáúÈöØóÇÞóÉó Ýöí Çáäøöíáö ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó íóæúãõ ÇáÓøóÈúÊö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúÑóì Çááøóåõ Çáäøöíáó ÓöÊøóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ Ýöí áóíúáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÞóØóÚó Çááøóåõ Êöáúßó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Úóäú Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö.
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æóÃóãøóÇ ÌóíúÍóÇäõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÌóíúÍõæäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÊõÓóãøöíåö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉõ ÌóÇåóÇäó¡ æóÃóÕúáõåõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÑøõæãö¡ æóíóÓöíÑõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ÓöíÓó ãöäó ÇáÔøóãóÇáö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäõæÈö¡ æóåõæó íõÞóÇÑöÈõ ÇáúÝõÑóÇÊó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏúÑö¡ Ëõãøó íóÌúÊóãöÚõ åõæó æóÓóíúÍóÇäõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÐóäóÉó ÝóíóÕöíÑóÇäö äóåúÑðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóÕõÈøóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÚöäúÏó ÅöíóÇÓó¡ æóØóÑúÓõæÓó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/61)
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÝóÚó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÚóãóÏò ÊóÑóæúäóåóÇ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö æóÓóÎøóÑó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ßõáøñ íóÌúÑöí áöÃóÌóáò ãõÓóãøðì íõÏóÈøöÑõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó íõÝóÕøöáõ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö áóÚóáøóßõãú ÈöáöÞóÇÁö ÑóÈøößõãú ÊõæÞöäõæäó æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ãóÏøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó æóÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóæóÇÓöíó æóÃóäúåóÇÑðÇ æóãöäú ßõáøö ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö ÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö íõÛúÔöí Çááøóíúáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑó Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöÞóæúãò íóÊóÝóßøóÑõæäó æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞöØóÚñ ãõÊóÌóÇæöÑóÇÊñ æóÌóäøóÇÊñ ãöäú ÃóÚúäóÇÈò æóÒóÑúÚñ æóäóÎöíáñ ÕöäúæóÇäñ æóÛóíúÑõ ÕöäúæóÇäò íõÓúÞóì ÈöãóÇÁò æóÇÍöÏò æóäõÝóÖøöáõ ÈóÚúÖóåóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò Ýöí ÇáúÃõßõáö Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöÞóæúãò íóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 2]
[Çáäøóãúáö: 60¡ 61] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð áóßõãú ãöäúåõ ÔóÑóÇÈñ æóãöäúåõ ÔóÌóÑñ Ýöíåö ÊõÓöíãõæäó íõäúÈöÊõ áóßõãú Èöåö ÇáÒøóÑúÚó æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäó æóÇáäøóÎöíáó æóÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÈó æóãöäú ßõáøö ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð áöÞóæúãò íóÊóÝóßøóÑõæäó æóÓóÎøóÑó áóßõãõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó æóÇáäøõÌõæãõ ãõÓóÎøóÑóÇÊñ ÈöÃóãúÑöåö Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöÞóæúãò íóÚúÞöáõæäó æóãóÇ ÐóÑóÃó áóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ ÃóáúæóÇäõåõ Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð áöÞóæúãò íóÐøóßøóÑõæäó} [ÇáäÍá: 10]
[ÇáäøóÍúáö: 10 - 13] .(1/62)
ÝóÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑö¡ æóÇáËøöãóÇÑö¡ æóÇáÓøõåõæáö¡ æóÇáúÃóæúÚóÇÑö¡ æóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ãöäú ÕõäõæÝö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÌóãóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑóÇÑöí¡ æóÇáúÞöÝóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÙóãóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóãóÇ Óóåøóáó áößõáøö ÏóÇÈøóÉò ãöäó ÇáÑøöÒúÞö ÇáøóÐöí åöíó ãõÍúÊóÇÌóÉñ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí áóíúáöåóÇ æóäóåóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÕóíúÝöåóÇ æóÔöÊóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóÕóÈóÇÍöåóÇ æóãóÓóÇÆöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãöäú ÏóÇÈøóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÑöÒúÞõåóÇ æóíóÚúáóãõ ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøóåóÇ æóãõÓúÊóæúÏóÚóåóÇ ßõáøñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò ãõÈöíäò} [åæÏ: 6] .
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö æóÇÞöÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚöíÓóì Èúäö ßóíúÓóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõäúßóÏöÑö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÃóáúÝó ÃõãøóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõãöÇÆóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö¡ æóÃóæøóáõ ÔóíúÁò íóåúáößõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãóãö ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åóáóßó ÊóÊóÇÈóÚóÊú ãöËúáó ÇáäøöÙóÇãö ÅöÐóÇ ÞõØöÚó Óöáúßõåõ» . ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ æóÇÞöÏò ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò ÚóÇãøóÉõ ãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö áóÇ íõÊóÇÈóÚõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÔóíúÎõåõ ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ãöäúåõ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóáøóÇÓõ¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÍóÏøóËó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ¡ æóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóÛóíúÑóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãöäú ÏóÇÈøóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ ØóÇÆöÑò íóØöíÑõ ÈöÌóäóÇÍóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãõãóãñ ÃóãúËóÇáõßõãú ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú íõÍúÔóÑõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 38] .(1/63)
[ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóãóÇ Ýöíåöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö]
[ÎóáúÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÚóÙóãóÉõ ÇÊøöÓóÇÚöåóÇ æóÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚöåóÇ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö]
ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÎóáúÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞóÈúáó ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó áóßõãú ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÓóæøóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóåõæó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 29] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú ÃóÆöäøóßõãú áóÊóßúÝõÑõæäó ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö æóÊóÌúÚóáõæäó áóåõ ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ Ðóáößó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóæóÇÓöíó ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåóÇ æóÈóÇÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ æóÞóÏøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÞúæóÇÊóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ÓóæóÇÁð áöáÓøóÇÆöáöíäó Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóæóì Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóåöíó ÏõÎóÇäñ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ æóáöáúÃóÑúÖö ÇÆúÊöíóÇ ØóæúÚðÇ Ãóæú ßóÑúåðÇ ÞóÇáóÊóÇ ÃóÊóíúäóÇ ØóÇÆöÚöíäó ÝóÞóÖóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö æóÃóæúÍóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÃóãúÑóåóÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÍöÝúÙðÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [ÝÕáÊ: 9]
[ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 27 - 30] . æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÈúäóÇ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö " æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÏóÍóÇåóÇ " ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÏøóÍúíó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÚúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊóÈóÇÑóßó ÇáøóÐöí ÈöíóÏöåö Çáúãõáúßõ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáúãóæúÊó æóÇáúÍóíóÇÉó áöíóÈúáõæóßõãú Ãóíøõßõãú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÚóãóáðÇ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò ØöÈóÇÞðÇ ãóÇ ÊóÑóì Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãöäú ÊóÝóÇæõÊò ÝóÇÑúÌöÚö ÇáúÈóÕóÑó åóáú ÊóÑóì ãöäú ÝõØõæÑò Ëõãøó ÇÑúÌöÚö ÇáúÈóÕóÑó ßóÑøóÊóíúäö íóäúÞóáöÈú Åöáóíúßó ÇáúÈóÕóÑõ ÎóÇÓöÆðÇ æóåõæó ÍóÓöíÑñ æóáóÞóÏú ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåóÇ ÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóÃóÚúÊóÏúäóÇ áóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáÓøóÚöíÑö} [Çáãáß: 1]
[Çáúãõáúßö: 1 - 5] .(1/64)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÈóäóíúäóÇ ÝóæúÞóßõãú ÓóÈúÚðÇ ÔöÏóÇÏðÇ æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÓöÑóÇÌðÇ æóåøóÇÌðÇ} [ÇáäÈÃ: 12]
[äõæÍò: 15 - 16] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò æóãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöËúáóåõäøó íóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èóíúäóåõäøó áöÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÃóÍóÇØó Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ} [ÇáØáÇÞ: 12] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊóÈóÇÑóßó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈõÑõæÌðÇ æóÌóÚóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÓöÑóÇÌðÇ æóÞóãóÑðÇ ãõäöíÑðÇ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó ÎöáúÝóÉð áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÐøóßøóÑó Ãóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔõßõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 61]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 6 - 10] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈõÑõæÌðÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇåóÇ áöáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó æóÍóÝöÙúäóÇåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúØóÇäò ÑóÌöíãò ÅöáøóÇ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÑóÞó ÇáÓøóãúÚó ÝóÃóÊúÈóÚóåõ ÔöåóÇÈñ ãõÈöíäñ} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 16]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 16 - 18] .(1/65)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÈóäóíúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÃóíúÏò æóÅöäøóÇ áóãõæÓöÚõæäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 47] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÓóÞúÝðÇ ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ æóåõãú Úóäú ÂíóÇÊöåóÇ ãõÚúÑöÖõæäó æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ßõáøñ Ýöí Ýóáóßò íóÓúÈóÍõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 32]
[íÓ: 37 - 40] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇáöÞõ ÇáúÅöÕúÈóÇÍö æóÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó ÓóßóäðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ÍõÓúÈóÇäðÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó áóßõãõ ÇáäøõÌõæãó áöÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÙõáõãóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÞóÏú ÝóÕøóáúäóÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö áöÞóæúãò íóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 96]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 54] . æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøò ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÎúÈöÑõ Úóäú ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÚóÙóãóÉö ÇÊøöÓóÇÚöåóÇ æóÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚöåóÇ æóÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÁö æóÇáúßóãóÇáö æóÇáÓøóäóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÍõÈõßö} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 7] . Ãóíö ÇáúÎóáúÞö(1/66)
ÇáúÍóÓóäö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÑúÌöÚö ÇáúÈóÕóÑó åóáú ÊóÑóì ãöäú ÝõØõæÑò Ëõãøó ÇÑúÌöÚö ÇáúÈóÕóÑó ßóÑøóÊóíúäö íóäúÞóáöÈú Åöáóíúßó ÇáúÈóÕóÑõ ÎóÇÓöÆðÇ æóåõæó ÍóÓöíÑñ} [Çáãáß: 3]
[ÇáúÈõÑõæÌö: 1] . Ãóíö ÇáäøõÌõæãö. æóÞöíáó: ãóÍóÇáøõ ÇáúÍóÑóÓö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑúãóì ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáÔøõåõÈö áöãõÓúÊóÑöÞö ÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈõÑõæÌðÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇåóÇ áöáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó æóÍóÝöÙúäóÇåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúØóÇäò ÑóÌöíãò} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 16] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöÒöíäóÉò ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóÍöÝúÙðÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúØóÇäò ãóÇÑöÏò áóÇ íóÓøóãøóÚõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúãóáóÅö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 6]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 6 - 8] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö: æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: {æóáóÞóÏú ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó} [Çáãáß: 5] . ÎóáóÞó åóÐöåö ÇáäøõÌõæãó áöËóáóÇËò ; ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÒöíäóÉð áöáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö¡ æóÚóáóÇãóÇÊò íõåúÊóÏóì ÈöåóÇ. Ýóãóäú ÊóÃóæøóáó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö(1/67)
Ðóáößó ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÃóÖóÇÚó äóÕöíÈóåõ¡ æóÊóßóáøóÝó ãóÇ áóÇ Úöáúãó áóåõ Èöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ ãõÕóÑøóÍñ Èöåö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåóÇ ÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö} [Çáãáß: 5] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó áóßõãõ ÇáäøõÌõæãó áöÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÙõáõãóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÑøö æóÇáúÈóÍúÑö} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 97] . Ýóãóäú ÊóßóáøóÝó ÛóíúÑó åóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËö Ãóíú ãóäú Úöáúãö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ãóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÑóßóÇÊõåóÇ¡ æóãõÞóÇÑóäóÇÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÓóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÍóæóÇÏöËó ÃóÑúÖöíÉò ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúØóÃó. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ßóáóÇãöåöãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÏúÓñ æóÙõäõæäñ ßóÇÐöÈóÉñ æóÏóÚóÇæóì ÈóÇØöáóÉñ. æóÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò ØöÈóÇÞðÇ Ãóíú ; æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóæúÞó æóÇÍöÏóÉò.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö åóáú åõäøó ãõÊóÑóÇßöãóÇÊò¿ Ãóæú ãõÊóÝóÇÕöáóÇÊò Èóíúäóåõäøó ÎóáóÇÁñ¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ; áöãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãöíÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÍúäóÝö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæúÚóÇáö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ßóãú Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÞõáúäóÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÞóÇáó: ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓöãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò¡ æóãöäú ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò Åöáóì ÓóãóÇÁò ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóßóËöÝõ ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÎóãúÓõãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò» . ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÍóÓøóäóåõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: «æóæóÌóÏó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÂÏóãó ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ: åóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæßó ÂÏóãõ. ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ æóÃóåúáðÇ ÈöÇÈúäöí äöÚóãó ÇáöÇÈúäõ ÃóäúÊó» . Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: «Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÌó Èöí Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö» . æóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö. ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝóÇÕõáö ÈóíúäóåóÇ áöÞóæúáöåö: «Ëõãøó ÚõÑöÌó ÈöäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóíúäóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ÝóÇÓúÊóÝúÊóÍó(1/68)
ÝóÞöíáó ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿» . Åöáóì ÂÎóÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú Íóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÌóæúÒöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ßõÑøöíøóÉñ ãõÓúÊóÏöíÑóÉñ¡ æóÇÓúÊõÏöáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ßõáøñ Ýöí Ýóáóßò íóÓúÈóÍõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 33] . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: íóÏõæÑõæäó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÝóáúßóÉò ãöËúáö ÝóáúßóÉö ÇáúãöÛúÒóáö ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÊóÛúÑõÈõ ßõáøó áóíúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóØúáõÚõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÕøóáúÊö:
æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÊóØúáõÚõ ßõáøó ÂÎöÑö áóíúáóÉò ... ÍóãúÑóÇÁó íõÕúÈöÍõ áóæúäõåóÇ íóÊóæóÑøóÏõ
áóíúÓóÊú ÈöØóÇáöÚóÉò áóåõãú Ýöí ÑöÓúáöåóÇ ... ÅöáøóÇ ãõÚóÐøóÈóÉð æóÅöáøóÇ ÊõÌúáóÏõ
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ(1/69)
íõæÓõÝó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Íöíäó ÛóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ: ÊóÏúÑöí Ãóíúäó ÊóÐúåóÈõ ÞõáúÊõ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÐúåóÈõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÓúÌõÏó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÝóÊóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÝóíõÄúÐóäõ áóåóÇ¡ æóíõæÔößõ Ãóäú ÊóÓúÌõÏó ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÊóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõ ÝóáóÇ íõÄúÐóäõ áóåóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÇÑúÌöÚöí ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÌöÆúÊö ÝóÊóØúáõÚõ ãöäú ãóÛúÑöÈöåóÇ ÝóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áöãõÓúÊóÞóÑøò áóåóÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [íÓ: 38] » .
åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõåõ Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö. æóÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÝöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö íõæäõÓó Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÚõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ ßõáøõåõãú Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÔóÑöíßò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Èöåö äóÍúæóåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ áóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÏóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ Úóáóì ÃóÔúåóÑö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßõÑøöíøóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãóåõ ÒóÇÚöãõæäó ÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇ Þóæúáóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÓóáóÝó. æóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÕúÚóÏõ Åöáóì ÝóæúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ãöäú ÌöåóÊöäóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÓúÌõÏó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Èóáú åöíó ÊóÛúÑõÈõ Úóäú ÃóÚúíõäöäóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãõÓúÊóãöÑøóÉñ Ýöí ÝóáóßöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí åöíó Ýöíåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÓúíöíÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ãóÇ íóäúÝöíåö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúÍöÓøö æóåõæó(1/70)
ÇáúßõÓõæÝóÇÊõ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö æóíóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈóÊú Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÊóæóÓøóØóåõ æóåõæó æóÞúÊõ äöÕúÝö Çááøóíúáö ãóËóáðÇ Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÏóÇáö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞõØúÈóíúäö ÇáúÌóäõæÈöíøö æóÇáÔøóãóÇáöíøö ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÞóÈøóÈñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö æóÌúåö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÍóáøõ ÓõÌõæÏöåóÇ ßóãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö æóÞúÊó ÇáÒøóæóÇáö ãöäú ÌöåóÊöäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÓõÌõæÏöåóÇ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäóÊö ÇáÑøóÈøó Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ Ýöí ØõáõæÚöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÞö¡ ÝóíõÄúÐóäõ áóåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÈúÏõæ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÞö¡ æóåöíó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ßóÇÑöåóÉñ áöÚõÕóÇÉö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó Ãóäú ÊóØúáõÚó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃõãóíøóÉõ:
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ÞóÈúáõ Ãóæú ßóÓóÈóÊú Ýöí ÅöíãóÇäöåóÇ ÎóíúÑðÇ. æóÝóÓøóÑõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áöãõÓúÊóÞóÑøò áóåóÇ} [íÓ: 38] . Þöíáó: áöæóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÄúãóÑõ Ýöíåö Ãóäú ÊóØúáõÚó ãöäú ãóÛúÑöÈöåóÇ æóÞöíáó: ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøõåóÇ ãóæúÖöÚõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÓúÌõÏõ Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö. æóÞöíáó: ãõäúÊóåóì ÓóíúÑöåóÇ æóåõæó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÑóÃó: æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áóÇ ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøó áóåóÇ Ãóíú áóíúÓóÊú ÊóÓúÊóÞöÑøõ ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏõ¡ æóåöíó ÓóÇÆöÑóÉñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ íóäúÈóÛöí áóåóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÏúÑößó ÇáúÞóãóÑó æóáóÇ Çááøóíúáõ ÓóÇÈöÞõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóßõáøñ Ýöí Ýóáóßò íóÓúÈóÍõæäó} [íÓ: 40] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊõÏúÑößõ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÝóÊóØúáõÚõ Ýöí ÓõáúØóÇäöåö æóÏóæúáóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ {æóáóÇ Çááøóíúáõ ÓóÇÈöÞõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö} [íÓ: 40] . Ãóíú: áóíúÓó ÓóÇÈöÞóåõ ÈöãóÓóÇÝóÉò íóÊóÃóÎøóÑõ ÐóÇßó Úóäúåõ ÝöíåóÇ Èóáú ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ ÌóÇÁó Çááøóíúáõ Ýöí ÅöËúÑöåö ãõÊóÚóÞøöÈðÇ áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {íõÛúÔöí Çááøóíúáó ÇáäøóåóÇÑó íóØúáõÈõåõ ÍóËöíËðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó æóÇáäøõÌõæãó ãõÓóÎøóÑóÇÊò ÈöÃóãúÑöåö ÃóáóÇ áóåõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÊóÈóÇÑóßó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 54] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó ÎöáúÝóÉð áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÐøóßøóÑó Ãóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔõßõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 62] . Ãóíú: íõÎúáöÝõ åóÐóÇ áöåóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ áöåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÞúÈóáó Çááøóíúáõ ãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÃóÏúÈóÑó ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ ãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÛóÑóÈóÊö(1/72)
ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÝúØóÑó ÇáÕøóÇÆöãõ» . ÝóÇáÒøóãóÇäõ ÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì áóíúáò æóäóåóÇÑò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íõæáöÌõ Çááøóíúáó Ýöí ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóíõæáöÌõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó Ýöí Çááøóíúáö æóÓóÎøóÑó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ßõáøñ íóÌúÑöí áöÃóÌóáò ãõÓóãøðì} [ÝÇØÑ: 13] . Ãóíú: íõæáöÌõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ Ãóíú: íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäú Øõæáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÞóÕúÑö åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÚúÊóÏöáóÇäö ßóãóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÝóÕúáö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ; íóßõæäõ Çááøóíúáõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ØóæöíáðÇ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑõ ÞóÕöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ Çááøóíúáõ íóäúÞõÕõ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑõ íóÊóÒóÇíóÏõ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÊóÏöáóÇ æóåõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¡ Ëõãøó íóÔúÑóÚõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ íóØõæáõ æóíóÊóÒóÇíóÏõ¡ æóÇááøóíúáõ íóÊóäóÇÞóÕõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÝóÕúáö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÑóÇÌóÚõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóíóäúÚóßöÓõ ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÝóíóÔúÑóÚõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ íóÊóäóÇÞóÕõ æóÇááøóíúáõ Ýöí ÇÒúÏöíóÇÏò ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÊóÏöáóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÑöíÝö¡ Ëõãøó íóÔúÑóÚõ Çááøóíúáõ íóØõæáõ æóíóÞúÕõÑõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÑöíÝö¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑõ ÞóáöíáðÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ æóíóÊóäóÇÞóÕõ Çááøóíúáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÔóíúÆðÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÚúÊóÏöáóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÝóÕúáö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÇãò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóåõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 80] . Ãóíú åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäöÚõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ËóáóÇËö ÂíóÇÊò ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóÇáäøõÌõæãö¡ æóÇááøóíúáö¡ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö: {Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 96] . Ãóíö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÞóåóÑó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÏóÇäó áóåõ ßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò ÝóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÛóÇáóÈõ¡ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ Èößõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÞóÏøóÑó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÊóÞúÏöíÑðÇ Úóáóì äöÙóÇãò áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ æóáóÇ íóÖúØóÑöÈõ.
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Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: íõÄúÐöíäöí ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó íóÓõÈøõ ÇáÏøóåúÑó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ¡ ÈöíóÏöí ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÃõÞóáøöÈõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò «ÝóÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÃõÞóáøöÈõ áóíúáóåõ æóäóåóÇÑóåõ» .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ; ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÓóáøóÇãò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ: íóÓõÈøõ ÇáÏøóåúÑó Ãóíú íóÞõæáõ ÝóÚóáó ÈöäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ßóÐóÇ íóÇ ÎóíúÈóÉó ÇáÏøóåúÑö ÃóíúÊóãó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏó ÃóÑúãóáó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: «æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ» . Ãóíú ÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúäöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÝóÇÚöáõ Ðóáößó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ æóÇáÏøóåúÑõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ åõæó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ Ýóåõæó íóÓõÈøõ ÝóÇÚöáó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ ÇáÏøóåúÑó¡ æóÇááøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ áöÐóáößó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ ÇáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: «æóÃóäóÇ ÇáÏøóåúÑõ ÈöíóÏöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÃõÞóáøöÈõ áóíúáóåõ æóäóåóÇÑóåõ» . æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáö Çááøóåõãøó ãóÇáößó Çáúãõáúßö ÊõÄúÊöí Çáúãõáúßó ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ æóÊóäúÒöÚõ Çáúãõáúßó ãöãøóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ æóÊõÚöÒøõ ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ æóÊõÐöáøõ ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ ÈöíóÏößó ÇáúÎóíúÑõ Åöäøóßó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ ÊõæáöÌõ Çááøóíúáó Ýöí ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÊõæáöÌõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó Ýöí Çááøóíúáö æóÊõÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúÍóíøó ãöäó ÇáúãóíøöÊö æóÊõÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúãóíøöÊó ãöäó ÇáúÍóíøö æóÊóÑúÒõÞõ ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍöÓóÇÈò} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 26]
[íõæäõÓó: 5 - 6] .(1/74)
Ãóíú ÝóÇæóÊó Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö Ýöí äõæÑöåöãóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÔóßúáöåöãóÇ¡ æóÝöí æóÞúÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÓóíúÑöåöãóÇ ÝóÌóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÖöíóÇÁð æóåõæó ÔõÚóÇÚõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÈõÑúåóÇäñ ÓóÇØöÚñ æóÖóæúÁñ ÈóÇåöÑñ¡ æóÇáúÞóãóÑó äõæÑðÇ¡ Ãóíú ÃóÖúÚóÝõ ãöäú ÈõÑúåóÇäö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÖóæúÆöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏøóÑóåõ ãóäóÇÒöáó. Ãóíú íóØøóáöÚõ Ãóæøóáó áóíúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÖóÆöíáðÇ Þóáöíáó ÇáäøõæÑö áöÞõÑúÈöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÞöáøóÉö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö áóåóÇ ÝóÈöÞóÏúÑö ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö áóåóÇ íóßõæäõ äõæÑõåõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇááøóíúáóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö íóßõæäõ ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÖöÚúÝö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇááøóíúáóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáóì Ýóíóßõæäõ äõæÑõåõ ÈöÖöÚúÝö ÇáäøõæÑö Ãóæøóáó áóíúáóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ßõáøóãóÇ ÈóÚõÏó ÇÒúÏóÇÏó äõæÑõåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÊóßóÇãóáó ÅöÈúÏóÇÑõåõ áóíúáóÉó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö ÅöíøóÇåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö¡ æóÐóáößó áóíúáóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ãöäó ÇáÔøóåúÑö¡ Ëõãøó íóÔúÑóÚõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúÕö áöÇÞúÊöÑóÇÈöåö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌöåóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÔøóåúÑö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÊöÑõ ÍóÊøóì íóÚõæÏó ßóãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÈöåö ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáÔøõåõæÑõ¡ æóÈöÇáÔøóãúÓö ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇááøóíóÇáöí æóÇáúÃóíøóÇãõ¡ æóÈöÐóáößó ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáÓøöäõæäó æóÇáúÃóÚúæóÇãõ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÖöíóÇÁð æóÇáúÞóãóÑó äõæÑðÇ æóÞóÏøóÑóåõ ãóäóÇÒöáó áöÊóÚúáóãõæÇ ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÓøöäöíäó æóÇáúÍöÓóÇÈó} [íæäÓ: 5] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó ÂíóÊóíúäö ÝóãóÍóæúäóÇ ÂíóÉó Çááøóíúáö æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÂíóÉó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö ãõÈúÕöÑóÉð áöÊóÈúÊóÛõæÇ ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú æóáöÊóÚúáóãõæÇ ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÓøöäöíäó æóÇáúÍöÓóÇÈó æóßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÝóÕøóáúäóÇåõ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 12] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÓúÃóáõæäóßó Úóäö ÇáúÃóåöáøóÉö Þõáú åöíó ãóæóÇÞöíÊõ áöáäøóÇÓö æóÇáúÍóÌøö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 189] . æóÞóÏú ÈóÓóØúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.(1/75)
ÝóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäúåóÇ ÓóíøóÇÑóÇÊñ ; æóåöíó ÇáúãõÊóÍóíøöÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÓúíöíÑö¡ æóåõæó Úöáúãñ ÛóÇáöÈõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Úöáúãö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÇáöÈóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÏóÚúæóì ãóÇ áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåöíó ÓóÈúÚóÉñ ; ÇáúÞóãóÑõ Ýöí ÓóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÚõØóÇÑöÏõ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÇáÒøõåúÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÇáúãöÑøöíÎõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö¡ æóÒõÍóáõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö. æóÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö íõÓóãøõæäóåóÇ ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊó¡ æóåöíó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÝóáóßö ÇáËøóÇãöäö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó.
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Èóáö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈõ ßõáøõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ßóæúäó ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò. æóÞóÏú íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåóÇ ÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö} [Çáãáß: 5] . æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÞóÖóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö æóÃóæúÍóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÃóãúÑóåóÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÍöÝúÙðÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [ÝÕáÊ: 12] . ÝóÎóÕøó ÓóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãöäú Èóíúäöåöäøó ÈöÒöíäóÉö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÝóÅöäú Ïóáøó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåóÇ ãõÑóÕøóÚóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÐóÇßó æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßó ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉó Èóáö ÇáËøóãóÇäöíóÉó ÊóÏõæÑõ ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊö æóÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö æóÇááøóíúáóÉö ÏóæúÑóÉð ßõáøöíøóÉð ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÞö Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÑúÈö¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö íóÏõæÑõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Ýóáóßöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ; ÝóÇáúÞóãóÑõ íóÞúØóÚõ Ýóáóßóåõ Ýöí ÔóåúÑò¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÊóÞúØóÚõ ÝóáóßóåóÇ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóíúÑóÇäö áóíúÓó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÊóÝóÇæõÊñ¡ æóÍóÑóßóÇÊõåõãóÇ(1/76)
ãõÊóÞóÇÑöÈóÉñ ßóÇäó ÞóÏúÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ËöäúÊóíú ÚóÔúÑóÉó ãóÑøóÉð¡ æóÒõÍóáõ íóÞúØóÚõ Ýóáóßóåõ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ËóáóËõãöÇÆóÉò æóÓöÊøöíäó ãóÑøóÉð.
æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÞóÇÏöíÑö ÃóÌúÑóÇãö åóÐöåö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóÓöíóÑöåóÇ æóÍóÑóßóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóÊóæóÓøóÚõæÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚóÏøóæúÇ Åöáóì Úöáúãö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúÃóÑúÖöíøóÉö¡ æóãöãøóÇ áóÇ Úöáúãó áößóËöíÑò ãöäúåõãú Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÇáúíõæäóÇäöíøõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáÔøóÇãó ÞóÈúáó Òóãóäö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÏõåõæÑò áóåõãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãñ ßóËöíÑñ íóØõæáõ ÈóÓúØõåõ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóäóæúÇ ãóÏöíäóÉó ÏöãóÔúÞó¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ áóåóÇ ÃóÈúæóÇÈðÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉð¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ßõáøö ÈóÇÈò åóíúßóáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí åóíúßóáöåö¡ æóíóÏúÚõæäóåõ ÈöÏõÚóÇÁò íóÃúËóÑõåõ Úóäúåõãú ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÐóßóÑõåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáÓøöÑøö ÇáúãóßúÊõæãö Ýöí ãõÎóÇØóÈóÉö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö æóÇáäøõÌõæãö " æóåõæó ÎõÑóÇÝóÇÊñ áóÇ íõáúÊóÝóÊõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ. æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÑøóäóÇäöíøöíäó ÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö ÍóÑøóÇäó Ýöí ÞóÏöíãö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÔúÑößöíäó íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈó ÇáÓøóÈúÚó¡ æóåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÆöíäó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú ÂíóÇÊöåö Çááøóíúáõ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑõ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóÇáúÞóãóÑõ áóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáÔøóãúÓö æóáóÇ áöáúÞóãóÑö æóÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåõäøó Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÅöíøóÇåõ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 37] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ(1/77)
Úóäö ÇáúåõÏúåõÏö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ÈöáúÞöíÓó æóÌõäõæÏöåóÇ ; ãóáößóÉö ÓóÈóÃò Ýöí Çáúíóãóäö æóãóÇ æóÇáóÇåóÇ: {Åöäøöí æóÌóÏúÊõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð Êóãúáößõåõãú æóÃõæÊöíóÊú ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóáóåóÇ ÚóÑúÔñ ÚóÙöíãñ æóÌóÏúÊõåóÇ æóÞóæúãóåóÇ íóÓúÌõÏõæäó áöáÔøóãúÓö ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóÒóíøóäó áóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú ÝóÕóÏøóåõãú Úóäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö Ýóåõãú áóÇ íóåúÊóÏõæäó ÃóáøóÇ íóÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí íõÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúÎóÈúÁó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóíóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊõÎúÝõæäó æóãóÇ ÊõÚúáöäõæäó Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö} [Çáäãá: 23]
[ÇáúÍóÌøö: 18] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò íóÊóÝóíøóÃõ ÙöáóÇáõåõ Úóäö Çáúíóãöíäö æóÇáÔøóãóÇÆöáö ÓõÌøóÏðÇ áöáøóåö æóåõãú ÏóÇÎöÑõæäó æóáöáøóåö íóÓúÌõÏõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÏóÇÈøóÉò æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó íóÎóÇÝõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåöãú æóíóÝúÚóáõæäó ãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó} [ÇáäÍá: 48]
[ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 15] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊõÓóÈøöÍõ áóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚõ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ æóãóäú Ýöíåöäøó æóÅöäú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊóÝúÞóåõæäó ÊóÓúÈöíÍóåõãú Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóáöíãðÇ ÛóÝõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 44] . æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ.(1/78)
æóáöãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÔúÑóÝõ ÇáúÃóÌúÑóÇãö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö åöíó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈó¡ æóÃóÔúÑóÞõåõäøó ãóäúÙóÑðÇ¡ æóÃóÔúÑóÝõåõäøó ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó¡ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö ÅöáóåöíøóÉö ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõäøó¡ æóÐóáößó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÈóÇÒöÛðÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáó ÞóÇáó áóÆöäú áóãú íóåúÏöäöí ÑóÈøöí áóÃóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÈóÇÒöÛóÉð ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí åóÐóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáóÊú ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö Åöäøöí ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Åöäøöí æóÌøóåúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 77]
[ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 37] .
æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúßõÓõæÝö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåö íóæúãóÆöÐò Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ÂíóÊóÇäö ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÅöäøóåõãóÇ áóÇ íóäúßóÓöÝóÇäö áöãóæúÊö ÃóÍóÏò æóáóÇ áöÍóíóÇÊöåö.»
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ(1/79)
ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÇáÏøóÇäóÇÌõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóÇáúÞóãóÑõ ãõßóæøóÑóÇäö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ÈöÃóÈúÓóØö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÏøóÇäóÇÌö ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Òóãóäó ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÞóÓúÑöíøö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÝóÌóáóÓó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÍóÏøóËó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ËóæúÑóÇäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: æóãóÇ ÐóäúÈõåõãóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃõÍóÏøöËõßó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÊóÞõæáõ æóãóÇ ÐóäúÈõåõãóÇ¿ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: áóÇ íõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÇáÏøóÇäóÇÌõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Óöæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö íóÒöíÏó ÇáÑøóÞóÇÔöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóÇáúÞóãóÑõ ËóæúÑóÇäö ÚóÞöíÑóÇäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö» . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ æóÚóãúÑõæ(1/80)
Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóæúÏöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇáöÏò¡ Úóäú ÔóíúÎò ãöäú ÈóÌöíáóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò {ÅöÐóÇ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ßõæøöÑóÊú} [ÇáÊßæíÑ: 1] . ÞóÇáó: íõßóæøöÑõ Çááøóåõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó æóÇáäøõÌõæãó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóíóÈúÚóËõ Çááøóåõ ÑöíÍðÇ ÏóÈõæÑðÇ ÝóÊõÖúÑöãõåóÇ äóÇÑðÇ.
ÝóÏóáøóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ãöäú ãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ áöãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó¡ Ëõãøó íóÝúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇãöÛóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ ÚóãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ áöÚöáúãöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóãóÔöíÆóÊöåö ÇáäøóÇÝöÐóÉö æóÍõßúãöåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ æóáóÇ íõÛóÇáóÈõ.
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Åöáóì Çáúãóáößö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÝóæúÞóåõ ... Åöáóåñ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøñ íóßõæäõ ãõÏóÇäöíóÇ
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ÑóÖöíÊõ Èößó Çóááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøðÇ Ýóáóäú ÃõÑóì
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ÚóãóÏò ÃóÑúÝöÞú ÅöÐðÇ Èößó ÈóÇäöíóÇ ... æóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÃóÃóäúÊó ÓóæøóíúÊó æóÓúØóåóÇ
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ÝóíõÕúÈöÍõ ãóÇ ãóÓøóÊú ãöäó ÇóáúÃóÑúÖö ÖóÇÍöíóÇ ... æóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ãóäú íõäúÈöÊõ ÇóáúÍóÈøó Ýöí ÇóáËøóÑóì
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áöÃõßúËöÑó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÛóÝóÑúÊó ÎóØóÇÆöíóÇ ... ÝóÑóÈøó ÇóáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÃóáúÞö ÓóíúÈðÇ æóÑóÍúãóÉð
Úóáóíøó æóÈóÇÑößú Ýöí Èóäöíøó æóãóÇáöíóÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊö æóÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÃóæúÍóì Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÃóãúÑóåóÇ æóÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÍöÝúÙðÇ Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÇáúÚóáöíãö} [ÝÕáÊ: 12] .(1/82)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö åóÇÑõæÊó æóãóÇÑõæÊó ; ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉó ßóÇäóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÍóÓúäóÇÁó ÝóÑóÇæóÏóÇåóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÈóÊú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãóÇåóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó¡ ÝóÚóáøóãóÇåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊúåõ ; ÝóÑõÝöÚóÊú ßóæúßóÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÃóÙõäøõåõ ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÝóÐóßóÑõæåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÍößóÇíóÉö æóÇáÊøóÍúÏöíËö Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËðÇ ; ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó ÈöØõæáöåóÇ¡ æóÝöíåö: «ÝóãóËøóáóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÇáÒøóåúÑóÉõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÝóÌóÇÁóÊúåõãóÇ ÝóÓóÃóáóÇåóÇ äóÝúÓóåóÇ» . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö Èöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÕóÍøõ æóÃóËúÈóÊõ. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ. æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÍõÓúäõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö. æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ áóÝúÙò Ñõæöíó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ(1/83)
ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö ÇáúæóÇÓöØöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÈóÔøöÑõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÐóßóÑó ÓõåóíúáðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÚóÔøóÇÑðÇ ÙóáõæãðÇ ÝóãóÓóÎóåõ Çááøóåõ ÔöåóÇÈðÇ» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: áóãú íóÑúæöåö Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ÅöáøóÇ ãõÈóÔøöÑõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóáóÇ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó¡ æóåõæó áóíøöäõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÚöáøóÉò áöÃóäøóÇ áóãú äóÍúÝóÙúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóíúäö ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö. ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóãøóÇ ãõÈóÔøöÑõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ Ýóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÝúÕò ÇáúÍöãúÕöíøõ¡ æóÃóÕúáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúßõæÝóÉö ÝóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ. æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: ßóÇäó íóÖóÚõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóíóßúÐöÈõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Ýóåõæó ÇáúÎõæÒöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: ãóÊúÑõæßñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò: áóíúÓó ÈöËöÞóÉò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäúåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó: ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÎõÑóÇÝóÇÊöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÚóæøóáõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/84)
[ÝóÕúáñ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌóÑøóÉö æóÞóæúÓö ÞõÒóÍò]
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÇÑöãñ ÃóÈõæ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈöÔúÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Ãóäøó åöÑóÞúáó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÞöíó Ýöíåöãú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÝóÓóíõÎúÈöÑõäöí ÚóãøóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõåõãú Úóäúåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö íóÓúÃóáõåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÌóÑøóÉö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÞóæúÓö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóãøó ÊõÕöÈúåóÇ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÓóÇÚóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð. ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÑøóÓõæáõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁó ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÂÈóåõ áóåõ Ãóäú ÃóÓúÃóáó Úóäúåõ Åöáóì íóæúãöí åóÐóÇ¡ ãóäú áöåóÐóÇ¿ . Þöíáó: ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò. ÝóØóæóì ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ßöÊóÇÈó åöÑóÞúáó¡ ÝóÈõÚöËó Èöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóæúÓó ÃóãóÇäñ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÞö¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÑøóÉó ÈóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóäúÔóÞøõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áóãú ÊõÕöÈúåóÇ ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÅöáøóÇ ÓóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÝóÇáúÈóÍúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÝúÑöÌó Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Åöáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäúÈóÇÚö ÑóæúÍõ Èúäõ(1/85)
ÇáúÝóÑóÌö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãóÎúáóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò ÇáØøóÇÆöÝöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: íóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ Åöäøöí ãõÑúÓöáõßó Åöáóì Þóæúãò Ãóåúáö ßöÊóÇÈò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáúÊó Úóäö ÇáúãóÌóÑøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÞõáú åöíó áõÚóÇÈõ ÍóíøóÉò ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõäúßóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÖõæÚñ. æóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö åóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ Óóåúáò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÞóáó Åöáóì ãöÕúÑó. ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: åõæó ãóÌúåõæáñ íõÍóÏøöËõ ÈöÇáúÃóÈóÇØöíáö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøõ. ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: áóÇ íõÊóÇÈóÚõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåö áóÇ ãóÊúäðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ. æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõÑöíßõãõ ÇáúÈóÑúÞó ÎóæúÝðÇ æóØóãóÚðÇ æóíõäúÔöÆõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó ÇáËøöÞóÇáó æóíõÓóÈøöÍõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÎöíÝóÊöåö æóíõÑúÓöáõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞó ÝóíõÕöíÈõ ÈöåóÇ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóåõãú íõÌóÇÏöáõæäó Ýöí Çááøóåö æóåõæó ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúãöÍóÇáö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 12]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 164] .(1/86)
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åóÇÑõæäó¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÔóíúÎò ãöäú Èóäöí ÛöÝóÇÑò ÞóÇáó: «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäö Çááøóåó íõäúÔöÆõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó¡ ÝóíóäúØöÞõ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáäøõØúÞö¡ æóíóÖúÍóßõ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáÖøóÍößö» . æóÑóæóì ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó äõØúÞóåõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏõ. æóÖóÍößóåõ ÇáúÈóÑúÞõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò ÞóÇáó: ÈóáóÛóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÑúÞó ãóáóßñ áóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ æõÌõæåò ; æóÌúåõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò¡ æóæóÌúåõ ËóæúÑò¡ æóæóÌúåõ äóÓúÑò¡ æóæóÌúåõ ÃóÓóÏò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãóÕóÚó ÈöÐóäúÈöåö ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúÈóÑúÞõ. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ÃóÑúØóÃóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ãóØóÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáÑøóÚúÏó æóÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞó ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáúäóÇ ÈöÛóÖóÈößó¡ æóáóÇ ÊõåúáößúäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈößó¡ æóÚóÇÝöäóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó» .(1/87)
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö áóíúËò¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÝóÚóåõ: «ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáÑøóÚúÏó ÞóÇáó: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ãóäú íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö» . æóÚóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ãóäú ÓóÈøóÍóÊú áóåõ. æóßóÐóÇ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ æóØóÇæõÓò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. æóÑóæóì ãóÇáößñ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáÑøóÚúÏó ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäó ãóäú íõÓóÈøöÍõ ÇáÑøóÚúÏõ ÈöÍóãúÏöåö¡ æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãóäú ÎöíÝóÊöåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ æóÚöíÏñ ÔóÏöíÏñ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó: ÑóÈøõßõãú áóæú Ãóäøó ÚóÈöíÏöí ÃóØóÇÚõæäöí áóÃóÓúÞóíúÊõåõãõ ÇáúãóØóÑó ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ æóÃóØúáóÚúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóáóãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚúÊõåõãú ÕóæúÊó ÇáÑøóÚúÏö» . æóÑóæóì ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõãú ÕóæúÊó ÇáÑøóÚúÏö ÝóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ Çááøóåó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÕöíÈõ ÐóÇßöÑðÇ» .
æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ ãóÈúÓõæØñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ.(1/88)
[ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÎóáúÞö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
[ÕöÝóÇÊõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÔóåöÏó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ æóÃõæáõæ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 18] . æóÞóÇáó: {áóßöäö Çááøóåõ íóÔúåóÏõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Åöáóíúßó ÃóäúÒóáóåõ ÈöÚöáúãöåö æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÔúåóÏõæäó} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 166] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æóáóÏðÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Èóáú ÚöÈóÇÏñ ãõßúÑóãõæäó áóÇ íóÓúÈöÞõæäóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö æóåõãú ÈöÃóãúÑöåö íóÚúãóáõæäó íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóãóÇ ÎóáúÝóåõãú æóáóÇ íóÔúÝóÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ áöãóäö ÇÑúÊóÖóì æóåõãú ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÊöåö ãõÔúÝöÞõæäó æóãóäú íóÞõáú ãöäúåõãú Åöäøöí Åöáóåñ ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÝóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöíåö Ìóåóäøóãó ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 26]
[ÇáÔøõæÑóì: 5] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúãöáõæäó ÇáúÚóÑúÔó æóãóäú Íóæúáóåõ íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóíõÄúãöäõæäó Èöåö æóíóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÓöÚúÊó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÑóÍúãóÉð æóÚöáúãðÇ ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöáøóÐöíäó ÊóÇÈõæÇ æóÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÓóÈöíáóßó æóÞöåöãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÌóÍöíãö ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÃóÏúÎöáúåõãú ÌóäøóÇÊö ÚóÏúäò ÇáøóÊöí æóÚóÏúÊóåõãú æóãóäú ÕóáóÍó ãöäú ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌöåöãú æóÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÛÇÝÑ: 7]
[ÛóÇÝöÑò: 7¡ 8] .(1/89)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ÝóÇáøóÐöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó áóåõ ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÃóãõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 38] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúÓöÑõæäó íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó áóÇ íóÝúÊõÑõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 19]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 164 - 166] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ äóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøößó áóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíäóÇ æóãóÇ ÎóáúÝóäóÇ æóãóÇ Èóíúäó Ðóáößó æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÈøõßó äóÓöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 64] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßõãú áóÍóÇÝöÙöíäó ßöÑóÇãðÇ ßóÇÊöÈöíäó íóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó} [ÇáÇäÝØÇÑ: 10]
[ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö: 31] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÏúÎõáõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ßõáøö ÈóÇÈò ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÕóÈóÑúÊõãú ÝóäöÚúãó ÚõÞúÈóì ÇáÏøóÇÑö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 23]
[ÝóÇØöÑö: 1] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóæúãó ÊóÔóÞøóÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúÛóãóÇãö æóäõÒøöáó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÊóäúÒöíáðÇ Çáúãõáúßõ íóæúãóÆöÐò ÇáúÍóÞøõ áöáÑøóÍúãóäö æóßóÇäó íóæúãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÚóÓöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 25]
[ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 25 - 26] .(1/90)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÑúÌõæäó áöÞóÇÁóäóÇ áóæúáóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Ãóæú äóÑóì ÑóÈøóäóÇ áóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÚóÊóæúÇ ÚõÊõæøðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ íóæúãó íóÑóæúäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóÇ ÈõÔúÑóì íóæúãóÆöÐò áöáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó æóíóÞõæáõæäó ÍöÌúÑðÇ ãóÍúÌõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 21]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 98] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÞõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú æóÃóåúáöíßõãú äóÇÑðÇ æóÞõæÏõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÛöáóÇÙñ ÔöÏóÇÏñ áóÇ íóÚúÕõæäó Çááøóåó ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú æóíóÝúÚóáõæäó ãóÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó} [ÇáÊÍÑíã: 6] . æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ íóÕöÝõåõãú ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÞõæøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÝöí ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóÍõÓúäö ÇáúãóäúÙóÑö¡ æóÚóÙóãóÉö ÇáúÃóÔúßóÇáö¡ æóÞõæøóÉö ÇáÔøóßúáö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ áõæØðÇ ÓöíÁó Èöåöãú æóÖóÇÞó Èöåöãú ÐóÑúÚðÇ æóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ ÚóÕöíÈñ æóÌóÇÁóåõ Þóæúãõåõ íõåúÑóÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö æóãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} [åæÏ: 77]
[åõæÏò: 77 - 78] . ÇáúÂíóÇÊö. ÝóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÊóÈúÏõæ áóåõãú Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÔóÈóÇÈò ÍöÓóÇäò ÇãúÊöÍóÇäðÇ æóÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇãóÊú Úóáóì Þóæúãö áõæØò ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ æóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÎúÐó ÚóÒöíÒò ãõÞúÊóÏöÑò. æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ íóÃúÊöí Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÕöÝóÇÊò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ; ÝóÊóÇÑóÉð íóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÏöÍúíóÉó Èúäö ÎóáöíÝóÉó ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøò¡(1/91)
æóÊóÇÑóÉð Ýöí ÕõæÑóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÎõáöÞó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò ãóÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÌóäóÇÍóíúäö ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóÂåõ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö ; ãóÑøóÉð ãõäúåóÈöØðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÓöÏúÑóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ÌóäøóÉõ ÇáúãóÃúæóì¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Úóáøóãóåõ ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÞõæóì Ðõæ ãöÑøóÉò ÝóÇÓúÊóæóì æóåõæó ÈöÇáúÃõÝõÞö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Ëõãøó ÏóäóÇ ÝóÊóÏóáøóì} [ÇáäÌã: 5] . Ãóíú Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÚöäúÏó ÓöÏúÑóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì} [ÇáäÌã: 13]
[ÇáäøóÌúãö: 13 - 14] . æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Ãóäøó ÓöÏúÑóÉó ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö Ãóíú: ÃóÕúáõåóÇ¡ æóÝõÑõæÚõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ {ÅöÐú íóÛúÔóì ÇáÓøöÏúÑóÉó ãóÇ íóÛúÔóì} [ÇáäÌã: 16] . Þöíáó: ÛóÔöíóåóÇ äõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÈøö Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ. æóÞöíáó: ÛóÔöíóåóÇ ÝóÑóÇÔñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò. æóÞöíáó: ÛóÔöíóåóÇ ÃóáúæóÇäñ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÍóÕöÑóÉò. æóÞöíáó: ÛóÔöíóåóÇ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöËúáó ÇáúÛöÑúÈóÇäö. æóÞöíáó: ÛóÔöíóåóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÃóãúÑñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíÚõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóäúÚóÊóåóÇ ; Ãóíú ãöäú ÍõÓúäöåóÇ æóÈóåóÇÆöåóÇ. æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Èóíúäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ÅöÐö ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ãõãúßöäñ ÍõÕõæáõåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáò æóÇÍöÏóÉò. æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Ëõãøó ÑõÝöÚóÊú áöí ÓöÏúÑóÉõ ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÈúÞõåóÇ ßóÇáúÞöáóÇáö» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: «ßóÞöáóÇáö åóÌóÑó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÞõåóÇ ßóÂÐóÇäö(1/92)
ÇáúÝöíóáóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáöåóÇ äóåúÑóÇäö ÈóÇØöäóÇäö¡ æóäóåúÑóÇäö ÙóÇåöÑóÇäö ; ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÇäö ÝóÝöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÇäö ÝóÇáäøöíáõ æóÇáúÝõÑóÇÊõ» . æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑö. æóÝöíåö: «Ëõãøó ÑõÝöÚó áöíó ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åõæó íóÏúÎõáõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝó ãóáóßò¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú» . æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ æóÌóÏó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ ÙóåúÑóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö. æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ æóÌúåó ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ; Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö¡ Úóäú ÓöãóÇßö Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÚóÑúÚóÑóÉó ; Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáúßóæøóÇÁö ÓóÃóáó Úóáöíøó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ÝóÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóÓúÌöÏñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÇáÖøõÑóÇÍõ¡ æóåõæó ÈöÍöíóÇáö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåóÇ¡ ÍõÑúãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ßóÍõÑúãóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ íõÕóáøöí Ýöíåö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈóÏðÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáØøõÝóíúáö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò ãöËúáóåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ Úóáóæóíúåö ÇáúÞóØøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò ÃóÈõæ ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäö Óõáóíúãò¡ Úóäú ßõÑóíúÈò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÇáÖøõÑóÇÍõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ãöËúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÍöíóÇáöåö¡ áóæú ÓóÞóØó áóÓóÞóØó Úóáóíúåö¡ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝó(1/93)
ãóáóßò¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ ÞóØøõ¡ æóÅöäøó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÍõÑúãóÉð Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÍõÑúãóÉö ãóßøóÉó» . íóÚúäöí Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÐõßöÑó áóäóÇ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: íóæúãðÇ áöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö åóáú ÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÓúÌöÏñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈöÍöíóÇáö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö¡ áóæú ÎóÑøó áóÎóÑøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ íõÕóáøöí Ýöíåö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝó ãóáóßò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåõ áóãú íóÚõæÏõæÇ ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú» . æóÒóÚóãó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚúãõÑõåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÍöäøõ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ. ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÓóÏóäóÊõåõ æóÎõÏøóÇãõåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÈóíúÊñ íóÚúãõÑõåõ ãóáóÇÆößóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Ýöíåö¡ æóíóÝöÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáäøóæúÈóÉö æóÇáúÈóÏóáö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÚúãõÑõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÊöíÞó ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÇãò¡ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÑö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò¡ æóÇáØøóæóÇÝö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ßõáøö Âäò.
ÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãóÛóÇÒöí: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ãõÌóÇåöÏò: Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÑóãó ÍóÑóÇãñ ãóäóÇåõ íóÚúäöí ÞóÏúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó ÇáÓøóÈúÚö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÑóÇÈöÚõ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÈóíúÊðÇ ; Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÈóíúÊñ¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÖò ÈóíúÊñ áóæú ÓóÞóØóÊú ÓóÞóØó ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò¡ Ëõãøó Ñóæóì Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ãóäóÇåõ ; Ãóíú ãõÞóÇÈöáõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÑúÝñ ãóÞúÕõæÑñ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ãõÄóÐøöäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÍóÑóãó ãõÍóÑøóãñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ãöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ(1/94)
ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÅöäøó ÈóíúÊó ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ãõÞóÏøóÓñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ãöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö:
Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí Óóãóßó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó Èóäóì áóäóÇ ... ÈóíúÊðÇ ÏóÚóÇÆöãõåõ ÃóÔóÏøõ æóÃóØúæóáõ
æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈóíúÊõ ÇáúÚöÒøóÉö¡ æóÇÓúãõ Çáúãóáóßö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÞóÏøóãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÓøóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÏúÎõáõæäó Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò Åöáóì ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú: Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ áóåõãú äóæúÈóÉñ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÏøóåúÑö ; íóßõæäõæäó ãöäú ÓõßøóÇäö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö æóÍúÏóåóÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÌõäõæÏó ÑóÈøößó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó} [ÇáãÏËÑ: 31] .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúæóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãõåóÇÌöÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäú ãõæóÑøöÞò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó¡ æóÃóÓúãóÚõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõæäó ÃóØøóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ¡ æóÍõÞøó áóåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÆöØøó ; ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãóæúÖöÚõ ÃóÑúÈóÚö ÃóÕóÇÈöÚó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãóáóßñ ÓóÇÌöÏñ¡ áóæú ÚóáöãúÊõãú ãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ áóÖóÍößúÊõãú ÞóáöíáðÇ æóáóÈóßóíúÊõãú ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÊóáóÐøóÐúÊõãú ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÝõÑõÔóÇÊö¡ æóáóÎóÑóÌúÊõãú Åöáóì ÇáÕøõÚõÏóÇÊö ÊóÌúÃóÑõæäó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó» . ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò: æóÇááøóåö áóæóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøöí ÔóÌóÑóÉñ ÊõÚúÖóÏõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóíõÑúæóì Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ.(1/95)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÑúæóÉõ Èúäõ ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáÑøóÞøöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúßóÑöíãö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ãóæúÖöÚõ ÞóÏóãò æóáóÇ ÔöÈúÑò æóáóÇ ßóÝøò ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöíåö ãóáóßñ ÞóÇÆöãñ Ãóæú ãóáóßñ ÓóÇÌöÏñ Ãóæú ãóáóßñ ÑóÇßöÚñ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ: ãóÇ ÚóÈóÏúäóÇßó ÍóÞøó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊößó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÔúÑößõ Èößó ÔóíúÆðÇ» . ÝóÏóáøó åóÐóÇäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËóÇäö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ãóæúÖöÚò Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ãóÔúÛõæáñ ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóåõãú Ýöí ÕõäõæÝò ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ; ãöäúåõãú ãóäú åõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú åõæó ÑóÇßöÚñ ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú åõæó ÓóÇÌöÏñ ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú åõæó Ýöí ÕõäõæÝò ÃõÎóÑó Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõãú ÏóÇÆöãõæäó Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåöãú¡ æóÊóÓúÈöíÍöåöãú¡ æóÃóÐúßóÇÑöåöãú¡ æóÃóÚúãóÇáöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóãóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóåõãú ãóäóÇÒöáõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãöäøóÇ ÅöáøóÇ áóåõ ãóÞóÇãñ ãóÚúáõæãñ æóÅöäøóÇ áóäóÍúäõ ÇáÕøóÇÝøõæäó æóÅöäøóÇ áóäóÍúäõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøöÍõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 164]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 164 - 166] . æóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóáóÇ ÊóÕõÝøõæäó ßóãóÇ ÊóÕõÝøõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóíúÝó íóÕõÝøõæäó ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãú¿ ÞóÇáó: íõÊöãøõæäó ÇáÕøõÝõæÝó ÇáúÃõæóáó¡ æóíóÊóÑóÇÕøõæäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝøö» .(1/96)
æóÞóÇáó «ÝõÖøöáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöËóáóÇËò ; ÌõÚöáóÊú áóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ¡ æóÊõÑúÈóÊõåóÇ áóäóÇ ØóåõæÑðÇ¡ æóÌõÚöáóÊú ÕõÝõæÝõäóÇ ßóÕõÝõæÝö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö» . «æóßóÐóáößó íóÃúÊõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáÑøóÈøö Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ ÕõÝõæÝðÇ» . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó æóÇáúãóáóßõ ÕóÝøðÇ ÕóÝøðÇ} [ÇáÝÌÑ: 22] . æóíóÞöÝõæäó ÕõÝõæÝðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÈøöåöãú ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáÑøõæÍõ æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÕóÝøðÇ áóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÃóÐöäó áóåõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ æóÞóÇáó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ} [ÇáäÈÃ: 38] . æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÑøõæÍö åóÇåõäóÇ Èóäõæ ÂÏóãó. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íõÔúÈöåõæäó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó Ýöí ÇáÔøóßúáö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ. æóÞöíáó: ÌöÈúÑöíáõ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ. æóÞöíáó: ãóáóßñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáÑøõæÍõ ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö. ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Þóæúáõåõ: {íóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáÑøõæÍõ} [ÇáäÈÃ: 38] . ÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóáóßñ ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÎõáõÞðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÎóáóÝò ÇáúÚóÓúÞóáóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÑóæøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÌóÑøóÇÍö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóãúÒóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøõæÍõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íõÓóÈøöÍõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÃóáúÝó ÊóÓúÈöíÍóÉò íóÎúáõÞõ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÊóÓúÈöíÍóÉò(1/97)
ãóáóßðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íóÌöíÁõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÕóÝøðÇ æóÍúÏóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóßöíãö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóåúÈõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÑöÒúÞò ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóØóÇÁñ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «Åöäøó áöáøóåö ãóáóßðÇ áóæú Þöíáó áóåõ: ÇáúÊóÞöãö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó ÈöáóÞúãóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò áóÝóÚóáó¡ ÊóÓúÈöíÍõåõ: ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó ÍóíúËõ ßõäúÊó» . æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ. æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÍóãóáóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóÐöäó áöí Ãóäú ÃõÍóÏøöËó Úóäú ãóáóßò ãöäú ãóáóÇÆößóÉö Çááøóåö ãöäú ÍóãóáóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Åöäøó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÔóÍúãóÉö ÃõÐõäöåö Åöáóì ÚóÇÊöÞöåö ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ÓóÈúÚöãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóáóÝúÙõåõ " «ãóÎúÝöÞõ ÇáØøóíúÑö ÓóÈúÚõãöÇÆóÉö ÚóÇãò» . "
æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóãúÑñ ÚóÙöíãñ: ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Úóáøóãóåõ ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÞõæóì} [ÇáäÌã: 5] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö ÞõæøóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÝóÚó ãóÏóÇÆöäó Þóæúãö áõæØò¡ æóßõäøó ÓóÈúÚðÇ Èöãóäú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöãöÇÆóÉö(1/98)
ÃóáúÝò¡ æóãóÇ ãóÚóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ áöÊöáúßó ÇáúãõÏõäö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑóÇÖöí æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóáóÇÊö æóÇáúÚöãóÇÑóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÑóÝóÚó Ðóáößó ßõáøóåõ Úóáóì ØóÑóÝö ÌóäóÇÍöåö ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛó Èöåöäøó ÚóäóÇäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ äõÈóÇÍó ßöáóÇÈöåöãú æóÕöíóÇÍó ÏöíßóÊöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÞóáóÈóåóÇ ÝóÌóÚóáó ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ. ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáúÞõæóì. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Ðõæ ãöÑøóÉò} [ÇáäÌã: 6] . Ãóíú ÎóáúÞò ÍóÓóäò æóÈóåóÇÁò æóÓóäóÇÁò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {Åöäøóåõ áóÞóæúáõ ÑóÓõæáò ßóÑöíãò} [ÇáÊßæíÑ: 19] . Ãóíú: ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÑóÓõæáñ ãöäó Çááøóåö " ßóÑöíãñ ". Ãóíú: ÍóÓóäõ ÇáúãóäúÙóÑö " Ðöí ÞõæøóÉò ". Ãóíú: áóåõ ÞõæøóÉñ æóÈóÃúÓñ ÔóÏöíÏñ {ÚöäúÏó Ðöí ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ãóßöíäò} [ÇáÊßæíÑ: 20] . Ãóíú: áóåõ ãóßóÇäóÉñ æóãóäúÒöáóÉñ ÚóÇáöíóÉñ ÑóÝöíÚóÉñ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö Ðöí ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ÇáúãóÌöíÏö. " ãõØóÇÚò Ëóãøó ". Ãóíú: ãõØóÇÚò Ýöí ÇáúãóáóÃö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì " Ãóãöíäò ". Ãóíú: Ðöí ÃóãóÇäóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáÓøóÝöíÑó Èóíúäó Çááøóåö æóÈóíúäó ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞóÉõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚõ ÇáúÚóÇÏöáóÉõ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÃúÊöí Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóíóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÕöÝóÇÊò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ Úóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ áóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ØóáúÞö Èúäö ÛóäøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøö ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÒöÑøðÇ¡ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóßóÇäó ÞóÇÈó ÞóæúÓóíúäö Ãóæú ÃóÏúäóì ÝóÃóæúÍóì Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏöåö ãóÇ ÃóæúÍóì} [ÇáäÌã: 9]
[ÇáäøóÌúãö: 9 10] . ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò: «Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÃóì ÌöÈúÑöíáó áóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò» .(1/99)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÂÏóãó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÑöíßñ¡ Úóäú ÌóÇãöÚö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÇÔöÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: «ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Ýöí ÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ æóáóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò ; ßõáøõ ÌóäóÇÍò ãöäúåóÇ ÞóÏú ÓóÏøó ÇáúÃõÝõÞó¡ íõÓúÞöØõ ãöäú ÌóäóÇÍöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóåóÇæöíáö ãöäó ÇáÏøõÑøö æóÇáúíóÇÞõæÊö ãóÇ Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáöíãñ» . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÈóåúÏóáóÉó¡ Úóäú ÒöÑøö Èúäö ÍõÈóíúÔò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì ÚöäúÏó ÓöÏúÑóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì} [ÇáäÌã: 13]
[ÇáäøóÌúãö 13 - 14] . ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóáóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò íóäúÊóËöÑõ ãöäú ÑöíÔöåö ÇáÊøóåóÇæöíáõ ; ÇáÏøõÑøõ æóÇáúíóÇÞõæÊõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ÈóåúÏóáóÉó ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÔóÞöíÞó Èúäó ÓóáóãóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóì ÓöÏúÑóÉö ÇáúãõäúÊóåóì æóáóåõ ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉö ÌóäóÇÍò» . ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÚóÇÕöãðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÌúäöÍóÉö ÝóÃóÈóì Ãóäú íõÎúÈöÑóäöí. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóäóÇÍó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö. æóåóÐöåö ÃóÓóÇäöíÏñ ÌóíøöÏóÉñ ÞóæöíøóÉñ. ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÍõÓóíúäñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí(1/100)
ÍõÕóíúäñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÔóÞöíÞñ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóÊóÇäöí ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Ýöí ÎóÖúÑò ÊóÚóáøóÞó Èöåö ÇáÏøõÑøõ» . ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÈóÒöíÚò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö {ãóÇ ßóÐóÈó ÇáúÝõÄóÇÏõ ãóÇ ÑóÃóì} [ÇáäÌã: 11] . ÞóÇáó: «ÑóÃóì ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÍõáøóÊóÇ ÑóÝúÑóÝò ÞóÏú ãóáóÃó ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö» . ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÌóíøöÏñ Þóæöíøñ.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÇãöÑò ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóáóíúÓó Çááøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ ÈöÇáúÃõÝõÞö ÇáúãõÈöíäö} [ÇáÊßæíÑ: 23] . {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÂåõ äóÒúáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì} [ÇáäÌã: 13] . ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÓóÃóáó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ áóãú íóÑóåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÎõáöÞó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö¡ ÑóÂåõ ãõäúåóÈöØðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÓóÇÏøðÇ ÚöÙóãõ ÎóáúÞöåö ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÐóÑøò¡ (Í) æóÍóÏøóËóäöí íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÐóÑøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÌöÈúÑöíáó: ÃóáóÇ ÊóÒõæÑõäóÇ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöãøóÇ ÊóÒõæÑõäóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÝóäóÒóáóÊú: {æóãóÇ äóÊóäóÒøóáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøößó áóåõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíäóÇ æóãóÇ ÎóáúÝóäóÇ} [ãÑíã: 64] » [ãóÑúíóãó: 64] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÌúæóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö(1/101)
ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÌúæóÏó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÑóãóÖóÇäó Íöíäó íóáúÞóÇåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ æóßóÇäó íóáúÞóÇåõ Ýöí ßõáøö áóíúáóÉò ãöäú ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÝóíõÏóÇÑöÓõåõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÝóáóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÌúæóÏõ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÉö» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõÑúæóÉõ: ÃóãóÇ Åöäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÞóÏú äóÒóáó ÝóÕóáøóì ÃóãóÇãó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ íóÇ ÚõÑúæóÉõ. ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÈóÔöíÑó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ãóÓúÚõæÏò íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «äóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÃóãøóäöí ÝóÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóáøóíúÊõ ãóÚóåõ» . íóÍúÓöÈõ ÈöÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö ÎóãúÓó ÕóáóæóÇÊò.
æóãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ; æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÍóãóáóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íõäúÝóÎõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö äóÝóÎóÇÊò ËóáóÇËóÉò ; ÃõæáóÇåõäøó: äóÝúÎóÉõ ÇáúÝóÒóÚö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: äóÝúÎóÉõ ÇáÕøóÚúÞö¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: äóÝúÎóÉõ ÇáúÈóÚúËö. ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈöÍóæúáö Çááøóåö æóÞõæøóÊöåö æóÍõÓúäö ÊóæúÝöíÞöåö. æóÇáÕøõæÑõ: ÞóÑúäñ íõäúÝóÎõ Ýöíåö¡ ßõáøõ ÏóÇÑóÉò ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÝöíåö ãóæúÖöÚõ ÃóÑúæóÇÍö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Íöíäó íóÃúãõÑõåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÎö áöáúÈóÚúËö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÝóÎó ÊóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ ÊóÊóæóåøóÌõ¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ: æóÚöÒøóÊöí æóÌóáóÇáöí áóÊóÑúÌöÚóäøó ßõáøõ ÑõæÍò Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÏóäö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäóÊú ÊõÚóãøöÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. ÝóÊóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇÏö Ýöí ÞõÈõæÑöåóÇ ; ÝóÊóÏöÈøõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóÏöÈøõ ÇáÓøõãøõ Ýöí ÇááøóÏöíÛö ÝóÊóÍúíóÇ ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇÏõ¡ æóÊóäúÔóÞøõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÃóÌúÏóÇËõ¡ ÝóíóÎúÑõÌõæäó ãöäúåóÇ ÓöÑóÇÚðÇ Åöáóì ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãóÍúÔóÑö. ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÝúÕöíáõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ßóíúÝó ÃóäúÚóãõ¡(1/102)
æóÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÞóÏö ÇáúÊóÞóãó ÇáúÞóÑúäó¡ æóÍóäóì ÌóÈúåóÊóåõ¡ æóÇäúÊóÙóÑó Ãóäú íõÄúÐóäó áóåõ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóíúÝó äóÞõæáõ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõæáõæÇ: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúäóÇ» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò ÇáØøóÇÆöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: «ÐóßóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáÕøõæÑö ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ æóÚóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö ãöíßóÇÆöíáõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú ãöÞúÓóãò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÈóíúäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóÚóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöäóÇÍöíóÉò ÅöÐö ÇäúÔóÞøó ÃõÝõÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÃóÞúÈóáó ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ íóÏúäõæ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóíóÊóãóÇíóáõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ãóáóßñ ÞóÏú ãóËõáó Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúãõÑõßó Ãóäú ÊóÎúÊóÇÑó Èóíúäó äóÈöíøò ÚóÈúÏò Ãóæú ãóáößò äóÈöíøò¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÔóÇÑó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Åöáóíøó ÈöíóÏöåö Ãóäú ÊóæóÇÖóÚú. ÝóÚóÑóÝúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ áöí äóÇÕöÍñ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÚóÈúÏñ äóÈöíøñ. ÝóÚóÑóÌó Ðóáößó Çáúãóáóßõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÓúÃóáóßó Úóäú åóÐóÇ(1/103)
ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ ãöäú ÍóÇáößó ãóÇ ÔóÛóáóäöí Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Ýóãóäú åóÐóÇ íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ íóæúãó ÎóáóÞóåõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÕóÇÝøðÇ ÞóÏóãóíúåö áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ØóÑúÝóåõ¡ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáÑøóÈøö ÓóÈúÚõæäó äõæÑðÇ¡ ãóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ãöäú äõæÑò íóßóÇÏõ íóÏúäõæ ãöäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÑóÞó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö áóæúÍñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÐöäó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Ðóáößó ÇááøóæúÍõ ÝóÖóÑóÈó ÌóÈúåóÊóåõ¡ ÝóíóäúÙõÑõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Úóãóáöí ÃóãóÑóäöí Èöåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Úóãóáö ãöíßóÇÆöíáó ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Úóãóáö ãóáóßö ÇáúãóæúÊö ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö. ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÚóáóì Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ÇáÑøöíÍö æóÇáúÌõäõæÏö. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÚóáóì Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò ãöíßóÇÆöíáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈóÇÊö æóÇáúÞóØúÑö¿ ÞõáúÊõ: æóÚóáóì Ãóíøö ÔóíúÁò ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö¿ ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓö. æóãóÇ ÙóäóäúÊõ Ãóäøóåõ äóÒóáó ÅöáøóÇ áöÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÃóíúÊó ãöäøöí ÅöáøóÇ ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäú ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö» . åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇãó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö íõÕóáøöí íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó¡ ÝóÇØöÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÚóÇáöãó ÇáúÛóíúÈö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ ÃóäúÊó ÊóÍúßõãõ Èóíúäó ÚöÈóÇÏößó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó¡ ÇåúÏöäöí áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÅöÐúäößó¡ Åöäøóßó ÊóåúÏöí ãóäú ÊóÔóÇÁõ Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò» .
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøõæÑö: «Ãóäøó ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÈúÚóËõåõ Çááøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÚúÞö áöíóäúÝõÎó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑö» . æóÐóßóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÓóÌóÏó ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ ÝóÌõæÒöíó ÈöæöáóÇíóÉö ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö. ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ(1/104)
Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝõ æóÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÈúåöãó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ". æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú ßóÇäó ÚóÏõæøðÇ áöáøóåö æóãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö æóÑõÓõáöåö æóÌöÈúÑöíáó æóãöíßóÇáó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 98] . ÚóØóÝóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö áöÔóÑóÝöåöãóÇ ÝóÌöÈúÑöíáõ ãóáóßñ ÚóÙöíãñ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãöíßóÇÆöíáõ Ýóãõæóßøóáñ ÈöÇáúÞóØúÑö æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó Ðõæ ãóßóÇäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÇÝö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóíøóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÚöãóÇÑóÉó Èúäö ÛóÒöíøóÉó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö: Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÍõãóíúÏó Èúäó ÚõÈóíúÏò ãóæúáóì Èóäöí ÇáúãõÚóáøóì íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ ÇáúÈõäóÇäöíøó íõÍóÏøöËõ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ «Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÌöÈúÑöíáó: ãóÇ áöíó áóãú ÃóÑó ãöíßóÇÆöíáó ÖóÇÍößðÇ ÞóØøõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÖóÍößó ãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ãõäúÐõ ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ» . ÝóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáúãõÕóÑøóÍõ ÈöÐößúÑöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö åõãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö: «Çááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó» . ÝóÌöÈúÑöíáõ íóäúÒöáõ ÈöÇáúåõÏóì Úóáóì ÇáÑøõÓõáö áöÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ãõæóßøóáñ ÈöÇáúÞóØúÑö æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊö ÇááøóÐóíúäö íõÎúáóÞõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÒóÇÞõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ æóáóåõ ÃóÚúæóÇäñ íóÝúÚóáõæäó ãóÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõãú Èöåö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö íõÕóÑøöÝõæäó ÇáÑøöíóÇÍó æóÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó ßóãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ. æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÞóØúÑóÉò ÊóäúÒöáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ æóãóÚóåóÇ ãóáóßñ íõÞóÏøöÑõåóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ ãõæóßøóáñ ÈöÇáäøóÝúÎö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑö áöáúÞöíóÇãö ãöäó(1/105)
ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö¡ æóÇáúÍõÖõæÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÈóÚúËö æóÇáäøõÔõæÑö áöíóÝõæÒó ÇáÔøóßõæÑõ¡ æóíõÌóÇÒóì ÇáúßóÝõæÑõ ÝóÐóÇßó ÐóäúÈõåõ ãóÛúÝõæÑñ æóÓóÚúíõåõ ãóÔúßõæÑñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó Úóãóáõåõ ßóÇáúåóÈóÇÁö ÇáúãóäúËõæÑö æóåõæó íóÏúÚõæ ÈöÇáúæóíúáö æóÇáËøõÈõæÑö.
ÝóÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãóÇ íóäúÒöáõ Èöåö ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãõæóßøóáñ Èöåö ÇáÑøöÒúÞõ¡ æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãõæóßøóáñ Èöåö ÇáäøóÕúÑõ æóÇáúÌóÒóÇÁõ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÕóÑøóÍò ÈöÇÓúãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÈöÚöÒúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú íóÊóæóÝøóÇßõãú ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÇáøóÐöí æõßøöáó Èößõãú Ëõãøó Åöáóì ÑóÈøößõãú ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó} [ÇáÓÌÏÉ: 11] . æóáóåõ ÃóÚúæóÇäñ íóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõæäó ÑõæÍó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäú ÌõËøóÊöåö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈúáõÛó ÇáúÍõáúÞõæãó ÝóíóÊóäóÇæóáõåóÇ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÈöíóÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåóÇ áóãú íóÏóÚõæåóÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö ØóÑúÝóÉó Úóíúäò ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÎõÐõæåóÇ ãöäú íóÏöåö ÝóíóáõÝøõæåóÇ Ýöí ÃóßúÝóÇäò ÊóáöíÞõ ÈöåóÇ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú ÈõÓöØó ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö: {íõËóÈøöÊõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 27] . Ëõãøó íóÕúÚóÏõæäó ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕóÇáöÍóÉð ÝõÊöÍóÊú áóåóÇ ÃóÈúæóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÛõáøöÞóÊú ÏõæäóåóÇ¡ æóÃõáúÞöíó ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáúÞóÇåöÑõ ÝóæúÞó ÚöÈóÇÏöåö æóíõÑúÓöáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÍóÝóÙóÉð ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóÍóÏóßõãõ ÇáúãóæúÊõ ÊóæóÝøóÊúåõ ÑõÓõáõäóÇ æóåõãú áóÇ íõÝóÑøöØõæäó Ëõãøó ÑõÏøõæÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ãóæúáóÇåõãõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÃóáóÇ áóåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ æóåõæó ÃóÓúÑóÚõ ÇáúÍóÇÓöÈöíäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 61]
[ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 61 - 62] .(1/106)
æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ãóáóßö ÇáúãóæúÊö ãöËúáõ ÇáØøóÓúÊö íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ãöäúåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÔóÇÁõ. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÇáúãóæúÊö íóÃúÊõæäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó Úóáóì ÍóÓóÈö Úóãóáöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÈöíÖõ ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÈöíÖõ ÇáËøöíóÇÈö ØóíøöÈóÉõ ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÝóÈöÇáÖøöÏøö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÚöíóÇÐðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÃóÈöí íóÍúíóì ÇáúãõÞúÑöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÔóãúÑò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÌóÚúÝóÑó Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈöí íóÞõæáõ: «äóÙóÑó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì ãóáóßö ÇáúãóæúÊö ÚöäúÏó ÑóÃúÓö ÑóÌõáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: íóÇ ãóáóßó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÇÑúÝõÞú ÈöÕóÇÍöÈöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÄúãöäñ. ÝóÞóÇáó ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ØöÈú äóÝúÓðÇ¡ æóÞóÑøó ÚóíúäðÇ ÝóÅöäøöí Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÑóÝöíÞñ¡ æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóíúÊõ ãóÏóÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÚóÑò Ýöí ÈóÑøò æóáóÇ ÈóÍúÑò ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÊóÕóÝøóÍõåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò ÎóãúÓó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøöí ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÕóÛöíÑöåöãú æóßóÈöíÑöåöãú ãöäúåõãú ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóÇááøóåö íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ áóæú Ãóäøöí ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÞúÈöÖó ÑõæÍó ÈóÚõæÖóÉò ãóÇ ÞóÏóÑúÊõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó Çááøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÂãöÑó ÈöÞóÈúÖöåóÇ» . ÞóÇáó ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóåõæó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ: «ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóåõ íóÊóÕóÝøóÍõåõãú ÚöäúÏó ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÖóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íõÍóÇÝöÙõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÏóäóÇ ãöäúåõ Çáúãóáóßõ¡ æóÏóÝóÚó Úóäúåõ(1/107)
ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó¡ æóáóÞøóäóåõ Çáúãóáóßõ: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö. Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö» . åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ. æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÕøõæÑö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö ÇáúÞóÇÕøö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöØõæáöåö¡ æóÝöíåö: «æóíóÃúãõÑõ Çááøóåõ ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó ÈöäóÝúÎóÉö ÇáÕøóÚúÞö¡ ÝóíóäúÝõÎõ äóÝúÎóÉó ÇáÕøóÚúÞö ; ÝóíõÕúÚóÞõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÞóÏú ÎóãóÏõæÇ¡ ÌóÇÁó ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÔöÆúÊó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú ÈóÞöíó: Ýóãóäú ÈóÞöíó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÈóÞöíÊó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóíøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãõæÊõ¡ æóÈóÞöíóÊú ÍóãóáóÉõ ÚóÑúÔößó¡ æóÈóÞöíó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: áöíóãõÊú ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ. ÝóíõäúØöÞõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö íóãõæÊõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÇÓúßõÊú ÝóÅöäøöí ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÇáúãóæúÊó Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊó ÚóÑúÔöí. ÝóíóãõæÊóÇäö¡ Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ: Èöãóäú ÈóÞöíó Ýóãóäú ÈóÞöíó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÈóÞöíÊó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóíøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãõæÊõ¡ æóÈóÞöíóÊú ÍóãóáóÉõ ÚóÑúÔößó¡ æóÈóÞöíÊõ ÃóäóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: áöÊóãõÊú ÍóãóáóÉõ ÚóÑúÔöí. ÝóíóãõæÊõæäó¡ æóíóÃúãõÑõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔó ÝóíóÞúÈöÖõ ÇáÕøõæÑó ãöäú ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó¡ Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóíóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÍóãóáóÉõ ÚóÑúÔößó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú ÈóÞöíó Ýóãóäú ÈóÞöíó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÈóÞöíÊó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóíøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóãõæÊõ¡ æóÈóÞöíÊõ ÃóäóÇ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: ÃóäúÊó ÎóáúÞñ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöí ÎóáóÞúÊõßó áöãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊó ÝóãõÊú. ÝóíóãõæÊõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúÞóåøóÇÑõ ÇáúÃóÍóÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóáöÏú¡ æóáóãú íõæáóÏú¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ßõÝõæðÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ßóÇäó ÂÎöÑðÇ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóæøóáðÇ» .(1/108)
æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöØõæáöåö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáØøöæóÇáóÇÊö " æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ ÛóÑöíÈóÉñ¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ: " «ÃóäúÊó ÎóáúÞñ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöí ÎóáóÞúÊõßó áöãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ÝóãõÊú ãóæúÊðÇ áóÇ ÊóÍúíóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ» ".
æóãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕö Úóáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö: åóÇÑõæÊõ¡ æóãóÇÑõæÊõ¡ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö. æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÊöåöãóÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãóÇ ÂËóÇÑñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊñ. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí " ÊóÞóÇÓöíãöåö "¡ æóÝöí ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÚöäúÏöí äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÞõæÝñ Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóáóÞøóÇåõ Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÝöíåö: Ãóäøóåõ ÊóãóËøóáóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö. æóÚóäú Úóáöíøò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÃóíúÖðÇ: Ãóäøó ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉó ßóÇäúÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉð¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ áóãøóÇ ØóáóÈóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ ÃóÈóÊú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚóáøöãóÇåóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó¡ ÝóÚóáøóãóÇåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáóÊúåõ: ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú ßóæúßóÈðÇ. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí " ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö " Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÍõÓúäõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó(1/109)
Ýöí ÔóÃúäö ÇáÒøõåúÑóÉö¡ Ëõãøó Þöíáó: ßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõåõãóÇ¡ æóÞöÕøóÊõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó. æóÞöíáó: Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÏóÇæõÏó. ßóãóÇ ÍóÑøóÑúäóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ýóåõæó ÎóÈóÑñ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøñ ãóÑúÌöÚõåõ Åöáóì ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÞöÕøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÕóÍøõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊõ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì Çáúãóáóßóíúäö ÈöÈóÇÈöáó åóÇÑõæÊó æóãóÇÑõæÊó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 102] . ÞóÈöíáóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäøö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ æóÈóÚöíÏñ ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö. æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó: " æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì Çáúãóáößóíúäö ". ÈöÇáúßóÓúÑö¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõåõãóÇ ÚöáúÌóíúäö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÝóÇÑöÓò ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: åõãóÇ ãóáóßóÇäö ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. æóáóßöäú ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÞóÏóÑö Çááøóåö áóåõãóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãóÇ Åöäú ÕóÍøó Èöåö ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÍõßúãõåõãóÇ ßóÍõßúãö ÅöÈúáöíÓó Åöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö. áóßöäøó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ.
æóãöäö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúãõÓóãøóíúäó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: ãõäúßóÑñ æóäóßöíÑñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÐößúÑõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáúÞóÈúÑö. æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏúäóÇåóÇ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íõËóÈøöÊõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÝöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóíõÖöáøõ Çááøóåõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó æóíóÝúÚóáõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 27] . æóåõãóÇ ÝóÊøóÇäóÇ ÇáúÞóÈúÑö¡ ãõæóßøóáóÇäö ÈöÓõÄóÇáö ÇáúãóíøöÊö Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóÏöíäöåö¡ æóäóÈöíøöåö¡ æóíóãúÊóÍöäóÇäö ÇáúÈóÑøó æóÇáúÝóÇÌöÑó¡ æóåõãóÇ ÃóÒúÑóÞóÇäö ÃóÝúÑóÞóÇäö áóåõãóÇ ÃóäúíóÇÈñ æóÃóÔúßóÇáñ ãõÒúÚöÌóÉñ æóÃóÕúæóÇÊñ ãõÝúÒöÚóÉñ. ÃóÌóÇÑóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÈúÑö¡ æóËóÈøóÊóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊö Âãöíäó.(1/110)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò ÍóÏøóËóäöí íõæäõÓõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚõÑúæóÉõ: «Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÒóæúÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏøóËóÊúåõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: åóáú ÃóÊóì Úóáóíúßó íóæúãñ ßóÇäó ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäú íóæúãö ÃõÍõÏò¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÞóÏú áóÞöíÊõ ãöäú Þóæúãößö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãóÇ áóÞöíÊõ ãöäúåõãú íóæúãó ÇáúÚóÞóÈóÉö¡ ÅöÐú ÚóÑóÖúÊõ äóÝúÓöí Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö íóÇáöíáó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ßõáóÇáò¡ Ýóáóãú íõÌöÈúäöí Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõ¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞúÊõ æóÃóäóÇ ãóåúãõæãñ Úóáóì æóÌúåöí¡ Ýóáóãú ÃóÓúÊóÝöÞú ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäóÇ ÈöÞóÑúäö ÇáËøóÚóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóÑóÝóÚúÊõ ÑóÃúÓöí ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÓóÍóÇÈóÉò ÞóÏú ÃóÙóáøóÊúäöí¡ ÝóäóÙóÑúÊõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóäóÇÏóÇäöí ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚó Þóæúáó Þóæúãößó áóßó¡ æóãóÇ ÑóÏøõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËó áóßó ãóáóßó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö áöÊóÃúãõÑóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó Ýöíåöãú. ÝóäóÇÏóÇäöí ãóáóßõ ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÝóÓóáøóãó Úóáóíøó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: Ðóáößó ÝóãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó: Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó Ãóäú ÃõØúÈöÞó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÔóÈóíúäö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Èóáú ÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌó Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúáóÇÈöåöãú ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÑößõ Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Èöåö.(1/111)
[ÝóÕúáñ ÃóÞúÓóÇãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö]
ÝóÕúáñ
Ëõãøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ åóíøóÃóåõãõ Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãñ: Ýóãöäúåõãú ÍóãóáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåõãú¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúßóÑõæÈöíøõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Íóæúáó ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóåõãú ÃóÔúÑóÝõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ãóÚó ÍóãóáóÉö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈõæäó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóäú íóÓúÊóäúßöÝó ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ áöáøóåö æóáóÇ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈõæäó} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 172] . æóãöäúåõãú ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÙóåúÑö ÇáúÛóíúÈö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÓöÚúÊó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÑóÍúãóÉð æóÚöáúãðÇ ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöáøóÐöíäó ÊóÇÈõæÇ æóÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÓóÈöíáóßó æóÞöåöãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÌóÍöíãö ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÃóÏúÎöáúåõãú ÌóäøóÇÊö ÚóÏúäò ÇáøóÊöí æóÚóÏúÊóåõãú æóãóäú ÕóáóÍó ãöäú ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌöåöãú æóÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ æóÞöåöãõ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö æóãóäú ÊóÞö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö íóæúãóÆöÐò ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÍöãúÊóåõ æóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúÝóæúÒõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ} [ÛÇÝÑ: 7]
[ÛóÇÝöÑò: 7 - 9] .
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÓóÌóÇíóÇåõãú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøóÌöíøóÉó ÇáØøóÇåöÑóÉó¡ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÍöÈøõæäó ãóäö ÇÊøóÕóÝó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö æóíóÏúÚõæäó ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ áöÃóÎöíåö ÈöÙóåúÑö ÇáúÛóíúÈö ÞóÇáó Çáúãóáóßõ: Âãöíäó æóáóßó ÈöãöËúáò» .
æóãöäúåõãú ÓõßøóÇäõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö íóÚúãõÑõæäóåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð ÏóÇÆöÈóÉð áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ ÕóÈóÇÍðÇ(1/112)
æóãóÓóÇÁð¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {íõÓóÈøöÍõæäó Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó áóÇ íóÝúÊõÑõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 20] . Ýóãöäúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÇßöÚõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÆöãõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÌöÏõ ÏóÇÆöãðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÚóÇÞóÈõæäó ÒõãúÑóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÒõãúÑóÉò Åöáóì ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóãöäúåõãõ Çáúãõæóßøóáõæäó ÈöÇáúÌöäóÇäö¡ æóÅöÚúÏóÇÏö ÇáúßóÑóÇãóÉö áöÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóÊóåúíöÆóÉö ÇáÖøöíóÇÝóÉö áöÓóÇßöäöíåóÇ ; ãöäú ãóáóÇÈöÓó¡ æóãóÕóÇÛò¡ æóãóÓóÇßöäó¡ æóãóÂßöáó¡ æóãóÔóÇÑöÈó¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ Úóíúäñ ÑóÃóÊú¡ æóáóÇ ÃõÐõäñ ÓóãöÚóÊú¡ æóáóÇ ÎóØóÑó Úóáóì ÞóáúÈö ÈóÔóÑò.
æóÎóÇÒöäõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãóáóßñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÑöÖúæóÇäõ ÌóÇÁó ãõÕóÑøóÍðÇ Èöåö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö. æóãöäúåõãõ Çáúãõæóßøóáõæäó ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáÒøóÈóÇäöíóÉõ¡ æóãõÞóÏøöãõæåõãú ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÎóÇÒöäõåóÇ ãóÇáößñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÞóÏøóãñ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÎóÒóäóÉö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö áöÎóÒóäóÉö Ìóåóäøóãó ÇÏúÚõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãú íõÎóÝøöÝú ÚóäøóÇ íóæúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö} [ÛÇÝÑ: 49] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóäóÇÏóæúÇ íóÇ ãóÇáößõ áöíóÞúÖö ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÑóÈøõßó ÞóÇáó Åöäøóßõãú ãóÇßöËõæäó áóÞóÏú ÌöÆúäóÇßõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑóßõãú áöáúÍóÞøö ßóÇÑöåõæäó} [ÇáÒÎÑÝ: 77]
[ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: 6] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÅöáøóÇ ãóáóÇÆößóÉð æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÚöÏøóÊóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÝöÊúäóÉð áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ áöíóÓúÊóíúÞöäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóíóÒúÏóÇÏó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóáóÇ íóÑúÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõæÊõæÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóáöíóÞõæáó ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ãóÑóÖñ æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó ãóÇÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãóËóáðÇ ßóÐóáößó íõÖöáøõ Çááøóåõ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóåúÏöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÌõäõæÏó ÑóÈøößó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó} [ÇáãÏËÑ: 30]
[ÇáúãõÏøóËøöÑö: 30 - 31] .(1/113)
æóãöäúåõãõ Çáúãõæóßøóáõæäó ÈöÍöÝúÙö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóæóÇÁñ ãöäúßõãú ãóäú ÃóÓóÑøó ÇáúÞóæúáó æóãóäú ÌóåóÑó Èöåö æóãóäú åõæó ãõÓúÊóÎúÝò ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÓóÇÑöÈñ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö áóåõ ãõÚóÞøöÈóÇÊñ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåö æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåö íóÍúÝóÙõæäóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 10]
[ÇáÑøóÚúÏö: 10 - 11] . ÇáúÂíóÇÊö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúæóÇáöÈöíøõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò {áóåõ ãõÚóÞøöÈóÇÊñ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåö æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåö íóÍúÝóÙõæäóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 11] . æóåöíó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò {íóÍúÝóÙõæäóåõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÑÚÏ: 11] . ÞóÇáó: ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ íóÍúÝóÙõæäóåõ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåö æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÞóÏóÑõ Çááøóåö ÎóáøóæúÇ Úóäúåõ. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÈúÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóãóáóßñ ãõæóßøóáñ ÈöÍöÝúÙöåö Ýöí äóæúãöåö¡ æóíóÞóÙóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáúÅöäúÓö æóÇáúåóæóÇãøö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò íóÃúÊöíåö íõÑöíÏõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó: æóÑóÇÁóßó. ÅöáøóÇ ÔóíúÁñ íóÃúÐóäõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö ÝóíõÕöíÈõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃõãóÇãóÉó: ãóÇ ãöäú ÂÏóãöíøò ÅöáøóÇ æóãóÚóåõ ãóáóßñ íóÐõæÏõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì íõÓúáöãóåõ áöáøóÐöí ÞõÏøöÑó áóåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãöÌúáóÒò: ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì Úóáöíøò ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó äóÝóÑðÇ ãöäú ãõÑóÇÏò íõÑöíÏõæäó ÞóÊúáóßó ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãóÚó ßõáøö ÑóÌõáò ãóáóßóíúäö íóÍúÝóÙóÇäöåö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÞóÏøóÑú¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÞóÏóÑõ ÎóáøóíóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõ¡ Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÌóáó ÌõäøóÉñ ÍóÕöíäóÉñ.
æóãöäúåõãõ Çáúãõæóßøóáõæäó ÈöÍöÝúÙö ÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Úóäö Çáúíóãöíäö æóÚóäö ÇáÔøöãóÇáö ÞóÚöíÏñ ãóÇ íóáúÝöÙõ ãöäú Þóæúáò ÅöáøóÇ áóÏóíúåö ÑóÞöíÈñ ÚóÊöíÏñ} [Þ: 17]
[Þ: 17 - 18] .(1/114)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßõãú áóÍóÇÝöÙöíäó ßöÑóÇãðÇ ßóÇÊöÈöíäó íóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõæäó} [ÇáÇäÝØÇÑ: 10]
[ÇáöÇäúÝöØóÇÑö: 10 - 12] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáØøóäóÇÝöÓöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ æóãöÓúÚóÑñ¡ Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó Èúäö ãóÑúËóÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóßúÑöãõæÇ ÇáúßöÑóÇãó ÇáúßóÇÊöÈöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÝóÇÑöÞõæäóßõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÅöÍúÏóì ÍóÇáóÊóíúäö ; ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÛóÇÆöØö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÛúÊóÓóáó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÊöÑú ÈöÌöÐúãö ÍóÇÆöØò Ãóæú ÈóÚöíÑöåö Ãóæú áöíóÓúÊõÑúåõ ÃóÎõæåõ» . åóÐóÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÞóÏú æóÕóáóåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆö æóÝöíåö ßóáóÇãñ Úóäú ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäö Çááøóåó íóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäö ÇáÊøóÚóÑøöí¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍúíõæÇ ãöäú ãóáóÇÆößóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóßõãõ ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ÇáúßóÇÊöÈöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÝóÇÑöÞõæäóßõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÅöÍúÏóì ËóáóÇËö ÍóÇáóÇÊò ; ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö¡ æóÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÛõÓúáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÛúÊóÓóáó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÇÁö ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÊöÑú ÈöËóæúÈöåö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÌöÐúãö ÍóÇÆöØò¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚöíÑöåö» . æóãóÚúäóì ÅößúÑóÇãöåöãú Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÍúíöíó ãöäúåõãú ÝóáóÇ íõãúáöí Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÞóÈöíÍóÉó ÇáøóÊöí íóßúÊõÈõæäóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞóåõãú ßöÑóÇãðÇ(1/115)
Ýöí ÎõáõÞöåöãú æóÃóÎúáóÇÞöåöãú. æóãöäú ßóÑóãöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö¡ æóÇáÓøõäóäö¡ æóÇáúãóÓóÇäöíÏö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈóíúÊðÇ Ýöíåö ÕõæÑóÉñ æóáóÇ ßóáúÈñ æóáóÇ ÌõäõÈñ» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÖóãúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøò «æóáóÇ Èóæúáñ» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÑóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈóíúÊðÇ Ýöíåö ÕõæÑóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ ÊöãúËóÇáñ» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈóíúÊðÇ Ýöíåö ßóáúÈñ Ãóæú ÊöãúËóÇáñ» ¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÐóßúæóÇäó ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáÓøóãøóÇäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÇ ÊóÕúÍóÈõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÑõÝúÞóÉð ãóÚóåõãú ßóáúÈñ Ãóæú ÌóÑóÓñ» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÒõÑóÇÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÃóæúÝóì Úóäúåõ: «áóÇ ÊóÕúÍóÈõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÑõÝúÞóÉð ãóÚóåõãú ÌóÑóÓñ» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝõ(1/116)
ÈöÇáúÝóáõæÓöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÍõãúÑóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóáøóÇãñ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÒóÇÐóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ãóáóÇÆößóÉó Çááøóåö íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó» . æóÃóÍúÓóÈõåõ ÞóÇáó: «æóíóÚúÑöÝõæäó ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑõæÇ Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏò íóÚúãóáõ ÈöØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö ÐóßóÑõæåõ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÓóãøóæúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÝúáóÍó ÇááøóíúáóÉó ÝõáóÇäñ¡ äóÌóÇ ÇááøóíúáóÉó ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑõæÇ Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏò íóÚúãóáõ ÈöãóÚúÕöíóÉö Çááøóåö ÐóßóÑõæåõ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÓóãøóæúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóáóßó ÝõáóÇäñ ÇááøóíúáóÉó» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: ÓóáøóÇãñ åóÐóÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõåõ ÓóáøóÇãðÇ ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäöíøó¡ æóåõæó áóíøöäõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÊóÚóÇÞóÈõæäó ; ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÈöÇááøóíúáö¡ æóãóáóÇÆößóÉñ ÈöÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóíóÌúÊóãöÚõæäó Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö æóÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ Ëõãøó íõÚóÑøöÌõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÇÊõæÇ Ýöíßõãú ÝóíóÓúÃóáõåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ßóíúÝó ÊóÑóßúÊõãú ÚöÈóÇÏöí¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõãú æóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó¡ æóÃóÊóíúäóÇåõãú æóåõãú íõÕóáøõæäó» . åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÈóÏúÁö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö Ïõæäó ãõÓúáöãò ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí " ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö " Ýöí ÇáúÈóÏúÁö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ:(1/117)
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒöíóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÈóÔøöÑõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúÍóáóÈöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÊóãøóÇãõ Èúäõ äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö íóÚúäöí ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÇÝöÙóíúäö íóÑúÝóÚóÇäö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ãóÇ ÍóÝöÙóÇ Ýöí íóæúãò ÝóíóÑóì Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö æóÝöí ÂÎöÑöåóÇ ÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áöÚóÈúÏöí ãóÇ Èóíúäó ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÊóãøóÇãõ Èúäõ äóÌöíÍò¡ æóåõæó ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú æóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò¡ æóÑóãóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÃóãúÑöåö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÅöäúÓóÇäò áóåõ ÍóÇÝöÙóÇäö ãóáóßóÇäö ÇËúäóÇäö ; æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÂÎóÑõ ãöäú ÎóáúÝöåö íóÍúÝóÙóÇäöåö ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóãóáóßóÇäö ßóÇÊöÈóÇäö ; Úóäú íóãöíäöåö æóÚóäú ÔöãóÇáöåö ; æóßóÇÊöÈõ Çáúíóãöíäö ÃóãöíÑñ Úóáóì ßóÇÊöÈö ÇáÔøóãóÇáö íóßúÊõÈõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóÇÊöÈõ ÇáÔøóãóÇáö íóßúÊõÈõ ÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÔøöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈóåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ Çáúíóãöíäö: Ãóãúåöáúåõ áóÚóáøóåõ Ãóäú íóÊõæÈó Ãóæú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑó. æóÅöÐóÇ Úóãöáó ÍóÓóäóÉð ßóÊóÈóåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈõ Çáúíóãöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóæóÞøõÝò æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÆúãóÇÑò ãóäú ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáÔøöãóÇáö. ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Úóäö Çáúíóãöíäö æóÚóäö ÇáÔøöãóÇáö ÞóÚöíÏñ ãóÇ íóáúÝöÙõ ãöäú Þóæúáò ÅöáøóÇ áóÏóíúåö ÑóÞöíÈñ ÚóÊöíÏñ} [Þ: 17]
[Þ: 17 - 18] .
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúæóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ(1/118)
ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑñ¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æõßøöáó Èöåö ÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÅöíøóÇßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: æóÅöíøóÇíó¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÚóÇäóäöí Úóáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóíúÑò» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóäúÕõæÑò Èöåö. ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÞóÑöíäö ÈöÍöÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõæóßøóáñ Èöåö áöíóåúÏöíóåõ¡ æóíõÑúÔöÏóåõ ÈöÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåö Åöáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ æóØóÑöíÞö ÇáÑøóÔóÇÏö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú æõßøöáó Èöåö ÇáúÞóÑöíäõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö áóÇ íóÃúáõæåõ ÌóåúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÇáö æóÇáúÅöÖúáóÇáö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ãóäú ÚóÕóãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íõæäõÓó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÛóÑøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ßóÇäó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÈóÇÈò ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ íóßúÊõÈõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóáóÓó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ØóæóæõÇ ÇáÕøõÍõÝó¡ æóÌóÇÁõæÇ íóÓúÊóãöÚõæäó ÇáÐøößóÑó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Åöäøó ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78] . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúÈóÇØñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Åöäøó ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78] . ÞóÇáó: ÊóÔúåóÏõåõ(1/119)
ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóíúáö¡ æóãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÓúÈóÇØò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÞõáúÊõ: æóåõæó ãõäúÞóØöÚñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÝóÖúáõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Úóáóì ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÎóãúÓñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÏóÑóÌóÉð¡ æóíóÌúÊóãöÚõ ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Çááøóíúáö æóãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑö Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö» . íóÞõæáõ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ÇÞúÑóÁõæÇ Åöäú ÔöÆúÊõãú {æóÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Åöäøó ÞõÑúÂäó ÇáúÝóÌúÑö ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÏðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 78] . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÓóÏøóÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóæóÇäóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ Åöáóì ÝöÑóÇÔöåö ÝóÃóÈóÊú ÝóÈóÇÊó ÛóÖúÈóÇäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöÚóäóÊúåóÇ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÕúÈöÍó» . ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóãúÒóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö. æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ Ãóãøóäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÝóÃóãøöäõæÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú æóÇÝóÞó ÊóÃúãöíäõåõ ÊóÃúãöíäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö» . æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈöáóÝúÙò: «ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ: Âãöíäó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Âãöíäó Ýóãóäú æóÇÝóÞó ÊóÃúãöíäõåõ ÊóÃúãöíäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú(1/120)
ÐóäúÈöåö» . æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ãóÇáößñ¡ Úóäú Óõãóíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ: ÓóãöÚó Çááøóåõ áöãóäú ÍóãöÏóåõ ÝóÞõæáõæÇ Çááøóåõãøó ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú æóÇÝóÞó Þóæúáõåõ Þóæúáó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÛõÝöÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäó ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú Óõãóíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Ãóæú Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò åõæó Ôóßøñ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó áöáøóåö ãóáóÇÆößóÉð ÓóíøóÇÍöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßõÊøóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ ÃóÞúæóÇãðÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Çááøóåó ÊóäóÇÏóæúÇ: åóáõãøõæÇ Åöáóì ÈõÛúíóÊößõãú. ÝóíóÌöíÆõæäó ÝóíóÍöÝøõæäó Èöåöãú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: Ãóíøõ ÔóíúÁò ÊóÑóßúÊõãú ÚöÈóÇÏöí íóÕúäóÚõæäó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõãú íóÍúãóÏõæäóßó¡ æóíõãóÌøöÏõæäóßó¡ æóíóÐúßõÑõæäóßó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóåóáú ÑóÃóæúäöí¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó áóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÝóßóíúÝó áóæú ÑóÃóæúäöí¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóæú ÑóÃóæúßó áóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ÊóÍúãöíÏðÇ¡ æóÊóãúÌöíÏðÇ¡ æóÐößúÑðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÝóÃóíøõ ÔóíúÁò íóØúáõÈõæäó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: íóØúáõÈõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóåóáú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ:(1/121)
æóßóíúÝó áóæú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóæú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ áóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍöÑúÕðÇ¡ æóÃóÔóÏøó áóåóÇ ØóáóÈðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãöäú Ãóíøò íóÊóÚóæøóÐõæäó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóåóáú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÝóßóíúÝó áóæú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóæú ÑóÃóæúåóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäúåóÇ åóÑóÈðÇ æóÃóÔóÏøó ãöäúåóÇ ÎóæúÝðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÃõÔúåöÏõßõãú Ãóäøöí ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áóåõãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó Ýöíåöãú ÝóáóÇäðÇ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÁó¡ áóãú íõÑöÏúåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó áöÍóÇÌóÉò. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: åõãõ ÇáúÞóæúãõ áóÇ íóÔúÞóì Èöåöãú ÌóáöíÓõåõãú» .
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÌóÑöíÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚúåõ¡ æóÑóÝóÚóåõ Óõåóíúáñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ Úóäú æõåóíúÈò¡ Úóäú Óõåóíúáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãõÚóáøóÞðÇ Úóäú Óõåóíúáò. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÊöãò¡ Úóäú ÈóåúÒö Èúäö ÃóÓóÏò¡ Úóäú æõåóíúÈò Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÛõäúÏóÑò¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚúåõ äóÍúæóåõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò(1/122)
ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóäú äóÝøóÓó Úóäú ãõÄúãöäò ßõÑúÈóÉð ãöäú ßõÑóÈö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ äóÝøóÓó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßõÑúÈóÉð ãöäú ßõÑóÈö íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóãóäú ÓóÊóÑó ãõÓúáöãðÇ¡ ÓóÊóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóãóäú íóÓøóÑó Úóáóì ãõÚúÓöÑò¡ íóÓøóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÇááøóåõ Ýöí Úóæúäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýöí Úóæúäö ÃóÎöíåö¡ æóãóäú Óóáóßó ØóÑöíÞðÇ íóáúÊóãöÓõ Ýöíåö ÚöáúãðÇ¡ Óóåøóáó Çááøóåõ áóåõ Èöåö ØóÑöíÞðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Þóæúãñ Ýöí ÈóíúÊò ãöäú ÈõíõæÊö Çááøóåö íóÊúáõæäó ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö¡ æóíóÊóÏóÇÑóÓõæäóåõ Èóíúäóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøößöíäóÉõ¡ æóÛóÔöíóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ¡ æóÍóÝøóÊúåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóãóäú ÈóØøóÃó Èöåö Úóãóáõåõ áóãú íõÓúÑöÚú Èöåö äóÓóÈõåõ» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÛóÑøö ÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Þóæúãñ íóÐúßõÑõæäó Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÝøóÊúåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóÊóÛóÔøóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉõ¡ æóäóÒóáóÊú Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøößöíäóÉõ¡ æóÐóßóÑóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ýöíãóäú ÚöäúÏóåõ» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èöåö äóÍúæóåõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó. æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÂÏóãó¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ÑõÒóíúÞò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö(1/123)
äóÍúæóåõ. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
æóÝöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇáÓøõäóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: «æóÅöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóÊóÖóÚõ ÃóÌúäöÍóÊóåóÇ áöØóÇáöÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö ; ÑöÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÕúäóÚõ» . Ãóíú: ÊóÊóæóÇÖóÚõ áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÎúÝöÖú áóåõãóÇ ÌóäóÇÍó ÇáÐøõáøö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 24] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÎúÝöÖú ÌóäóÇÍóßó áöãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 215] . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ Úóäú ÒóÇÐóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó áöáøóåö ãóáóÇÆößóÉð ÓóíøóÇÍöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íõÈóáøöÛõæäöí Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáÓøóáóÇãó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú äõæÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúÌóÇäøõ(1/124)
ãöäú ãóÇÑöÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ ãöãøóÇ æõÕöÝó áóßõãú» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Èöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó áöáúãóáóßö áóãøóÉð ÈöÞóáúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóáöáÔøóíúØóÇäö áóãøóÉð ÈöÞóáúÈöåö ÝóáóãøóÉõ Çáúãóáóßö ÅöíÚóÇÏñ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÊóÕúÏöíÞñ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáóãøóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÅöíÚóÇÏñ ÈöÇáúÝóÞúÑö æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ÈöÇáÔøóÑøö¡ æóÊóßúÐöíÈñ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí Ñõæöíó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇÈúÊóÏóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ æóÇáúãóáóßõ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çáúãóáóßõ: ÇÝúÊóÍú ÈöÎóíúÑò. æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ: ÇÝúÊóÍú ÈöÔóÑøò. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåó æóÍóãöÏóåõ¡ ÊóæóáøóÇåõ Çáúãóáóßõ¡ æóØóÑóÏó Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó Åöáóì Çááøóíúáö. ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Çááøóíúáõ ÞóÇáó Çáúãóáóßõ: ÇÎúÊöãú ÈöÎóíúÑò¡ æóíóÞõæáõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ: ÇÎúÊöãú ÈöÔóÑøò. ÝóÅöäú ÎóÊóãó äóåóÇÑóåõ ÈöÎóíúÑò¡ ÊóæóáøóÇåõ Çáúãóáóßõ ÍóÊøóì íõÕúÈöÍó. æóØóÑóÏó Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó» . æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäú ãóäúÒöáöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: «ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóáóÇ Íóæúáó æóáóÇ ÞõæøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö. ÞóÇáó áóåõ Çáúãóáóßõ: åõÏöíÊó æóßõÝöíÊó æóæõÞöíÊó. Ëõãøó íóÊóäóÍøóì Úóäúåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ» . Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö. æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãóÇ íóÓøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ.(1/125)
[ÝóÕúáõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÔóÑö]
ÝóÕúáñ
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÖöíáö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÔóÑö Úóáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáò: ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ ãóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóãóäú æóÇÝóÞóåõãú. æóÃóÞúÏóãõ ßóáóÇãò ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃõãóíøóÉó Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö: Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÖóÑó ãóÌúáöÓðÇ áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóÚöäúÏóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóßúÑóãõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãöäú ßöÑöíãö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó. æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÃõæáóÆößó åõãú ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö} [ÇáÈíäÉ: 7] . æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃõãóíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò. ÝóÞóÇáó ÚöÑóÇßõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò: ãóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ÃóßúÑóãõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãöäú ãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö åõãú ÎóÏóãóÉõ ÏóÇÑóíúåö æóÑõÓõáõåõ Åöáóì ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåö. æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ äóåóÇßõãóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóæú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 20] . ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö áöãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö: ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ ÃóäúÊó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÍóãúÒóÉó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÃóßúÑóãó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó ÝóÎóáóÞóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó¡ æóÌóÚóáó ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó æóÇáÑøõÓõáó¡ æóãóäú íóÒõæÑõåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ. ÝóæóÇÝóÞó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáöåö¡ æóÃóÖúÚóÝó ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 277] .(1/126)
ãóÖúãõæäõåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÎóÇÕøóÉò ÈöÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú æóÕóÝó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóíõÄúãöäõæäó Èöåö} [ÛÇÝÑ: 7] . æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÌóÇäøõ {æóÃóäøóÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÇáúåõÏóì ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö} [ÇáÌä: 13] . {æóÃóäøóÇ ãöäøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó} [ÇáÌä: 14] . ÞõáúÊõ: æóÃóÍúÓóäõ ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Èöåö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáÏøóÇÑöãöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕóÍøõ ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÌúÚóáú áóäóÇ åóÐöåö äóÃúßõáõ ãöäúåóÇ æóäóÔúÑóÈõ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÎóáóÞúÊó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó. ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: áóäú ÃóÌúÚóáó ÕóÇáöÍó ÐóÑøöíøóÉö ãóäú ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÈöíóÏöí ßóãóäú ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ: ßõäú. ÝóßóÇäó» .(1/127)
[ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÌóÇäøö æóÞöÕøóÉö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ßóÇáúÝóÎøóÇÑö æóÎóáóÞó ÇáúÌóÇäøó ãöäú ãóÇÑöÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò ÝóÈöÃóíö ÂáóÇÁö ÑóÈøößõãóÇ ÊõßóÐøöÈóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 14]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 26 - 27] . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò «ãöäú ãóÇÑöÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò» . ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãöäú ØóÑóÝö ÇááøóåóÈö¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: ãöäú ÎóÇáöÕöåö æóÃóÍúÓóäöåö. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÂäöÝðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú äõæÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞó ÇáúÌóÇäøõ ãöäú ãóÇÑöÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ ãöãøóÇ æõÕöÝó áóßõãú» . ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ. ÞóÇáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö: ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúÌöäøõ ÞóÈúáó ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÍöäøõ æóÇáúÈöäøõ¡ ÝóÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÌöäøó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõãú¡ æóÃóÌúáóæúåõãú ÚóäúåóÇ æóÃóÈóÇÏõæåõãú ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÓóßóäõæåóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöÓóÈóÈö ãóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËõæÇ. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú(1/128)
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æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ØóÑúÝóÉó Úóíúäò¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÌöäøö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÔóåúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóæúÔóÈò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ßóÇäó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÇáøóÐöíäó ØóÑóÏóåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ ÝóÃóÓóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÝóÐóåóÈó Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåõ ÎóáúÞó ÂÏóãó áöíóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö åõæó æóÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ æóÕóæøóÑó ÌõËøóÊóåõ ãöäúåóÇ ÌóÚóáó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ æóåõæó ÑóÆöíÓõ ÇáúÌóÇäøö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÒóÇÒöíáó íõØöíÝõ Èöåö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÃóÌúæóÝó ÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóáúÞñ áóÇ íóÊóãóÇáóßõ. æóÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÇ áóÆöäú ÓõáøöØúÊõ Úóáóíúßó áóÃóåúáößóäøóßó¡ æóáóÆöäú ÓõáøöØúÊó Úóáóíøó áöÃóÚúÕöíóäøóßó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú äóÝóÎó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí æóÃóãóÑó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áóåõ ÏóÎóáó ÅöÈúáöíÓó ãöäúåõ ÍóÓóÏñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áóåõ. æóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑö¡ æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò. ÝóÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÃóãúÑó¡ æóÇÚúÊóÑóÖó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÈøö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÃóÎúØóÃó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö¡ æóÇÈúÊóÚóÏó ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóÃõäúÒöáó ãöäú ãóÑúÊóÈóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÞóÏú äóÇáóåóÇ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÊóÔóÈøóåó ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåöãú ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ æóåõãú ãöäú äõæÑò ÝóÎóÇäóåõ ØóÈúÚõåõ Ýöí ÃóÍúæóÌö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÃóÕúáöåö ÇáäøóÇÑöíøö {ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑó æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [Õ: 73]
[ÇáúßóåúÝö: 50] .(1/130)
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[ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 62 - 65] .
æóÓóäóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÖóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóÇäøó ÎõáöÞõæÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóåõãú ßóÈóäöí ÂÏóãó íóÃúßõáõæäó æóíóÔúÑóÈõæäó æóíóÊóäóÇÓóáõæäó¡ æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó æóãöäúåõãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÕóÑóÝúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó äóÝóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö íóÓúÊóãöÚõæäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑõæåõ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóäúÕöÊõæÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞõÖöíó æóáøóæúÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåöãú ãõäúÐöÑöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÞóæúãóäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãõæÓóì ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ áöãóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÅöáóì ØóÑöíÞò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò íóÇ ÞóæúãóäóÇ ÃóÌöíÈõæÇ ÏóÇÚöíó Çááøóåö æóÂãöäõæÇ Èöåö íóÛúÝöÑú áóßõãú ãöäú ÐõäõæÈößõãú æóíõÌöÑúßõãú ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò æóãóäú áóÇ íõÌöÈú ÏóÇÚöíó Çááøóåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÚúÌöÒò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÃóæúáöíóÇÁõ ÃõæáóÆößó Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 29]
[ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 29 - 32] .(1/131)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíøó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóãóÚó äóÝóÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÚóÌóÈðÇ íóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÇáÑøõÔúÏö ÝóÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö æóáóäú äõÔúÑößó ÈöÑóÈøöäóÇ ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóÏøõ ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÕóÇÍöÈóÉð æóáóÇ æóáóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ ÓóÝöíåõäóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÔóØóØðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ÙóäóäøóÇ Ãóäú áóäú ÊóÞõæáó ÇáúÅöäúÓõ æóÇáúÌöäøõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑöÌóÇáñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÓö íóÚõæÐõæäó ÈöÑöÌóÇáò ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÒóÇÏõæåõãú ÑóåóÞðÇ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÙóäøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÙóäóäúÊõãú Ãóäú áóäú íóÈúÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ áóãóÓúäóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåóÇ ãõáöÆóÊú ÍóÑóÓðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ æóÔõåõÈðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÞúÚõÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÞóÇÚöÏó áöáÓøóãúÚö Ýóãóäú íóÓúÊóãöÚö ÇáúÂäó íóÌöÏú áóåõ ÔöåóÇÈðÇ ÑóÕóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÏúÑöí ÃóÔóÑøñ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóãú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåöãú ÑóÈøõåõãú ÑóÔóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ãöäøóÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍõæäó æóãöäøóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó ßõäøóÇ ØóÑóÇÆöÞó ÞöÏóÏðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ÙóäóäøóÇ Ãóäú áóäú äõÚúÌöÒó Çááøóåó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóäú äõÚúÌöÒóåõ åóÑóÈðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÇáúåõÏóì ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö Ýóãóäú íõÄúãöäú ÈöÑóÈøöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ÈóÎúÓðÇ æóáóÇ ÑóåóÞðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ãöäøóÇ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó æóãöäøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÓöØõæäó Ýóãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó ÝóÃõæáóÆößó ÊóÍóÑøóæúÇ ÑóÔóÏðÇ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÓöØõæäó ÝóßóÇäõæÇ áöÌóåóäøóãó ÍóØóÈðÇ æóÃóäú áóæö ÇÓúÊóÞóÇãõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö áóÃóÓúÞóíúäóÇåõãú ãóÇÁð ÛóÏóÞðÇ áöäóÝúÊöäóåõãú Ýöíåö æóãóäú íõÚúÑöÖú Úóäú ÐößúÑö ÑóÈøöåö íóÓúáõßúåõ ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ ÕóÚóÏðÇ} [ÇáÌä: 1]
[ÇáúÌöäøö: 1 - 17] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö¡ æóÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö " æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉó ÈöÐóáößó åõäóÇáößó¡ æóÃóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáäøóÝóÑó ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú Ìöäøö äóÕöíÈöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ãöäú Ìöäøö ÈõÕúÑóì¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóÑøõæÇ ÈöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ íõÕóáøöí ÈöÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÈöÈóØúäö äóÎúáóÉò ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ãóßøóÉó ÝóæóÞóÝõæÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóãóÚõæÇ áöÞöÑóÇÁóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Èöåöãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóíúáóÉð ßóÇãöáóÉð ÝóÓóÃóáõæåõ Úóäú ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöåóÇ æóäóåóÇåõãú ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÓóÃóáõæåõ ÇáÒøóÇÏó ÝóÞóÇáó: «áóßõãú ßõáøõ ÚóÙúãò ÐõßöÑó ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÊóÌöÏõæäóåõ ÃóæúÝóÑó ãóÇ(1/132)
íóßõæäõ áóÍúãðÇ¡ æóßõáøõ ÑóæúËóÉò ÚóáóÝñ áöÏóæóÇÈøößõãú» ¡ æóäóåóì ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íõÓúÊóäúÌóì ÈöåöãóÇ. æóÞóÇáó: «ÅöäøóåõãóÇ ÒóÇÏõ ÅöÎúæóÇäößõãõ ÇáúÌöäøö» . æóäóåóì Úóäö ÇáúÈóæúáö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÑóÈö ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÓóÇßöäõ ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÞóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓõæÑóÉó " ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö " ÝóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó íóãõÑøõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÂíóÉö: {ÝóÈöÃóíøö ÂáóÇÁö ÑóÈøößõãóÇ ÊõßóÐøöÈóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 13] . ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÂáóÇÆößó ÑóÈøóäóÇ äõßóÐøöÈõ¡ Ýóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ. æóÞóÏú ÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóãøóÇ ÞóÑóÃó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÓóßóÊõæÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: «ÇáúÌöäøõ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ãöäúßõãú ÑóÏøðÇ ãóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú {ÝóÈöÃóíøö ÂáóÇÁö ÑóÈøößõãóÇ ÊõßóÐøöÈóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 16] ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÂáóÇÆößó ÑóÈøóäóÇ äõßóÐøöÈõ¡ Ýóáóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ãõÄúãöäöí ÇáúÌöäøö åóáú íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó Ãóæú íóßõæäõ ÌóÒóÇÁõ ØóÇÆöÚöåöãú Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóÞóØú¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ; ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ: Ãóäøóåõãú íóÏúÎõáõæäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó áöÚõãõæãö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáöÚõãõæãö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöãóäú ÎóÇÝó ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö ÌóäøóÊóÇäö ÝóÈöÃóíö ÂáóÇÁö ÑóÈøößõãóÇ ÊõßóÐøöÈóÇäö} [ÇáÑÍãä: 46]
[ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö: 46 - 47] .(1/133)
ÝóÇãúÊóäøó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú íóäóÇáõæäóåõ áóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÚóÏøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøöÚóãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ Ïóáöíáñ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøñ ßóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÕóÚúÕóÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö: «Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßó ÊõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÛóäóãó æóÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßõäúÊó Ýöí Ûóäóãößó¡ æóÈóÇÏöíóÊößó ÝóÃóÐøóäúÊó ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÇÑúÝóÚú ÕóæúÊóßó ÈöÇáäøöÏóÇÁö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ ãóÏóì ÕóæúÊö ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäö Ìöäøñ æóáóÇ ÅöäúÓñ æóáóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÅöáøóÇ ÔóåöÏó áóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò: ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ïõæäó ãõÓúáöãò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóÇÝöÑõæ ÇáúÌöäøö ; Ýóãöäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ¡ æóãõÞóÏøöãõåõãõ ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑõ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÚóÏõæøõ ÂÏóãó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóáøóØóåõ åõæó æóÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ Úóáóì ÂÏóãó æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ æóÊóßóÝøóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöÚöÕúãóÉò ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö æóÕóÏøóÞó ÑõÓõáóåó¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ÔóÑúÚóåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÚöÈóÇÏöí áóíúÓó áóßó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ æóßóÝóì ÈöÑóÈøößó æóßöíáðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 65] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÕóÏøóÞó Úóáóíúåöãú ÅöÈúáöíÓõ Ùóäøóåõ ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÑöíÞðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò ÅöáøóÇ áöäóÚúáóãó ãóäú íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ãöãøóäú åõæó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí Ôóßøò æóÑóÈøõßó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÍóÝöíÙñ} [ÓÈÃ: 20]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 27] .(1/134)
æóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöäøöí ÎóÇáöÞñ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ãöäú ÍóãóÃò ãóÓúäõæäò - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊõåõ æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí ÝóÞóÚõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãóÇ áóßó ÃóáøóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÞóÇáó áóãú Ãóßõäú áöÃóÓúÌõÏó áöÈóÔóÑò ÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ãöäú ÍóãóÃò ãóÓúäõæäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÑóÌöíãñ - æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßó ÇááøóÚúäóÉó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÝóÃóäúÙöÑúäöí Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóÅöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÙóÑöíäó - Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúæóíúÊóäöí áóÃõÒóíøöäóäøó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÃõÛúæöíóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóßó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó - ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÕöÑóÇØñ Úóáóíøó ãõÓúÊóÞöíãñ - Åöäøó ÚöÈóÇÏöí áóíúÓó áóßó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇæöíäó - æóÅöäøó Ìóåóäøóãó áóãóæúÚöÏõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - áóåóÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉõ ÃóÈúæóÇÈò áößõáøö ÈóÇÈò ãöäúåõãú ÌõÒúÁñ ãóÞúÓõæãñ} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 28 - 44]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 28 - 44] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö¡ æóåóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö Øå¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö Õ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ. æóÓóäõæÑöÏõåóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÂÏóãó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóäúÙóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóÎøóÑóåõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ; ãöÍúäóÉð áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ ãöäúåõ áóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò ÅöáøóÇ áöäóÚúáóãó ãóäú íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ãöãøóäú åõæó ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí Ôóßøò æóÑóÈøõßó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÍóÝöíÙñ} [ÓÈÃ: 21] .(1/135)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áóãøóÇ ÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó æóÚóÏóßõãú æóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóæóÚóÏúÊõßõãú ÝóÃóÎúáóÝúÊõßõãú æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÏóÚóæúÊõßõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúÊõãú áöí ÝóáóÇ Êóáõæãõæäöí æóáõæãõæÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöãõÕúÑöÎößõãú æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÈöãõÕúÑöÎöíøó Åöäøöí ßóÝóÑúÊõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãõæäö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Åöäøó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó áóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ - æóÃõÏúÎöáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÌóäøóÇÊò ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåöãú ÊóÍöíøóÊõåõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÓóáóÇãñ} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 22 - 23]
[ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 22 - 23] .
ÝóÅöÈúáöíÓõ áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ Íóíøñ ÇáúÂäó¡ ãõäúÙóÑñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóåõ ÚóÑúÔñ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇáöÓñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÈúÚóËõ ÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ íõáúÞõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÇáÔøóÑøó æóÇáúÝöÊóäó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ßóíúÏó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ßóÇäó ÖóÚöíÝðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 76] . æóßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåõ ÞóÈúáó ãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÚóÒóÇÒöíáó ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ: æóßõäúíóÊõåõ ÃóÈõæ ßõÑúÏõæÓò. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ «ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÇÈúäö ÕóíøóÇÏò: ãóÇ ÊóÑóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóì ÚóÑúÔðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÇÎúÓóÃú Ýóáóäú ÊóÚúÏõæó ÞóÏúÑóßó» . ÝóÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøó ãóÇÏøóÉó ãõßóÇÔóÝóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇÔóÝóåõ ÈöåóÇ ÔóíúØóÇäöíøóÉñ ãõÓúÊóãóÏøóÉñ ãöäú ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó íõÔóÇåöÏõ ÚóÑúÔóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ «ÇÎúÓóÃú Ýóáóäú ÊóÚúÏõæó ÞóÏúÑóßó» . Ãóíú: áóäú ÊõÌóÇæöÒó ÞöíãóÊóßó ÇáÏøóäöíøóÉó ÇáúÎóÓöíÓóÉó ÇáúÍóÞöíÑóÉó.
æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ(1/136)
Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóÑúÔó ÅöÈúáöíÓó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÕóÝúæóÇäõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ãóÇÚöÒñ ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÚóÑúÔõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö íóÈúÚóËõ ÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãò íóÝúÊöäõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóäúÒöáóÉð ÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÝöÊúäóÉð áöáäøóÇÓö» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÑóæúÍñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö: Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÌóÇÈöÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ÚóÑúÔõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö íóÈúÚóËõ ÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ ÝóíóÝúÊöäõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÝöÊúäóÉð» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÄóãøóáñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÇÈúäò ÕóÇÆöÏò: ãóÇ ÊóÑóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóì ÚóÑúÔðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö. Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö Íóæúáóåõ ÍóíøóÇÊñ. ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÐóÇßó ÚóÑúÔõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÌóÇÈöÑò. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäö ÕóÇÆöÏò: ãóÇ ÊóÑóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóì ÚóÑúÔðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö Íóæúáóåõ ÇáúÍóíøóÇÊõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÕóÏóÞó ÐóÇßó ÚóÑúÔõ ÅöÈúáöíÓó» .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóÇÚöÒò ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö(1/137)
Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÞóÏú íóÆöÓó Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏóåõ ÇáúãõÕóáøõæäó¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÔö Èóíúäóåõãú» . æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó ØóáúÍóÉó Èúäö äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÖóÚõ ÚóÑúÔóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó íóÈúÚóËõ ÓóÑóÇíóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÃóÞúÑóÈõåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõ ãóäúÒöáóÉð ÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõ ÝöÊúäóÉð íóÌöíÁõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÒöáúÊõ ÈöÝõáóÇäò ÍóÊøóì ÊóÑóßúÊõåõ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊó ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóíóÌöíÁõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúÊõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÝóÑøóÞúÊõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó Ãóåúáöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíõÞóÑøöÈõåõ æóíõÏúäöíåö æóíóáúÊóÒöãõåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: äóÚóãú ÃóäúÊó» . íõÑúæóì ÈöÝóÊúÍö Çáäøõæäö ÈöãóÚúäóì: äóÚóãú ÃóäúÊó ÐóÇßó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÅößúÑóÇãó. æóÈößóÓúÑöåóÇ Ãóíú: äöÚúãó ãöäúßó. æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ßóæúäö ÝóÇÚöáö äóÚóãú ãõÖúãóÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó Þóáöíáñ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ æóÑóÌøóÍóåõ¡ æóæóÌøóåóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõæäó Èöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÑúÁö æóÒóæúÌöåö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 102] . íóÚúäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáÓøöÍúÑó ÇáúãõÊóáóÞøóì Úóäö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÓö æóÇáúÌöäøö íõÊóæóÕøóáõ Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóÂáöÝöíäó ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáÊøóÂáõÝö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÏøöíäó ÇáúãõÊóÍóÇÈøöíäó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÔúßõÑõ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÓóÚúíó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáøóÐöí Ðóãøóåõ Çááøóåõ íóãúÏóÍõåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÛúÖóÈõ Çááøóåõ íõÑúÖöíåö Úóáóíúåö áóÚúäóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÓõæÑóÊóíö ÇáúãõÚóæøöÐóÊóíúäö ãõØøóÑöÏóÉð áöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÔøóÑøö æóÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåö æóÛóÇíóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÓõæÑóÉõ: {Þõáú ÃóÚõæóÐõ ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóáößö ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóåö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÔóÑøö ÇáúæóÓúæóÇÓö ÇáúÎóäøóÇÓö ÇáøóÐöí íõæóÓúæöÓõ Ýöí ÕõÏõæÑö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÓö} [ÇáäÇÓ: 1] . æóËóÈóÊó(1/138)
Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÈöäúÊö Íõíóíøò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÌúÑöí ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ãóÌúÑóì ÇáÏøóãö» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÍúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÏöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚöãóÇÑóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒöíóÇÏñ ÇáäøõãóíúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó æóÇÖöÚñ ÎóØúãóåõ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈö ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÝóÅöäú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåó ÎóäóÓó¡ æóÅöäú äóÓöíó ÇáúÊóÞóãó ÞóáúÈóåõ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúæóÓúæóÇÓõ ÇáúÎóäøóÇÓõ» .
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÐößúÑõ Çááøóåö ãóØóÑóÏóÉð áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö Úóäö ÇáúÞóáúÈö ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÊóÐúßóÇÑñ áöáäøóÇÓöí¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú ÑóÈøóßó ÅöÐóÇ äóÓöíÊó} [ÇáßåÝ: 24] . æóÞóÇáó ÝóÊóì ãõæÓóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóäúÓóÇäöíåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ãóäú ÃóÐúßõÑóåõ} [ÇáßåÝ: 63] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóäúÓóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÐößúÑó ÑóÈøöåö} [íæÓÝ: 42] . íóÚúäöí ÇáÓøóÇÞöí áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ íõæÓõÝõ: {ÇÐúßõÑúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó} [íæÓÝ: 42] . äóÓöíó ÇáÓøóÇÞöí Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑóåõ áöÑóÈøöåö íóÚúäöí ãóæúáóÇåõ Çáúãóáößó. æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ(1/139)
ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ ÝóáóÈöËó íõæÓõÝõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÈöÖúÚó Óöäöíäó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí äóÌóÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóÇÏøóßóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÃõãøóÉò} [íæÓÝ: 45] . Ãóíú: ÊóÐóßøóÑó Þóæúáó íõæÓõÝó áóåõ: ÇÐúßõÑúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó. ÈóÚúÏó ãõÏøóÉò æóÞõÑöÆó: " ÈóÚúÏó Ãóãóåò " Ãóíú äöÓúíóÇäò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞõáúäóÇ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓöíó åõæó ÇáÓøóÇÞöí åõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãò ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÊóãöíãóÉó íõÍóÏøöËõ «Úóäú ÑóÏöíÝö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÚóËóÑó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍöãóÇÑõåõ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÊóÚöÓó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóÇ ÊóÞõáú ÊóÚöÓó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ÊóÚöÓó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÊóÚóÇÙóãó¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÈöÞõæøóÊöí ÕóÑóÚúÊõåõ. æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúÊó: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö. ÊóÕóÇÛóÑó ÍóÊøóì íóÕöíÑó ãöËúáó ÇáÐøõÈóÇÈö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÌóíøöÏñ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ Èúäõ ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÌóÇÁó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÝóÃóÈóÓøó Èöåö ßóãóÇ íóÈõÓøõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈöÏóÇÈøóÊöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ Óóßóäó áóåõ ÒóäóÞóåõ Ãóæú ÃóáúÌóãóåõ» . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÑóæúäó Ðóáößó ; ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÒúäõæÞõ ÝóÊóÑóÇåõ ãóÇÆöáðÇ ßóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõáúÌöãõ ÝóÝóÇÊöÍñ ÝóÇåõ áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ äõãóíúÑò¡(1/140)
ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ËóæúÑñ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúÚóíúäõ ÍóÞøñ æóíóÍúÖõÑõåóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ æóÍóÓóÏõ ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÐóÑøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÔóÏøóÇÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøöí ÃõÍóÏøöËõ äóÝúÓöí ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö ; áóÃóäøó ÃóÎöÑøó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöäú Ãóäú ÃóÊóßóáøóãó Èöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Çááøóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÏøó ßóíúÏóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúæóÓúæóÓóÉö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ ÒóÇÏó ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ: æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÐóÑøò Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÈõßóíúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇááøóíúËõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÞöíáò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚõÑúæóÉõ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «íóÃúÊöí ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãóäú ÎóáóÞó ßóÐóÇ¿ ãóäú ÎóáóÞó ßóÐóÇ¿ ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáó: ãóäú ÎóáóÞó ÑóÈøóßó¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÚöÐú ÈöÇááøóåö¡ æóáöíóäúÊóåö» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇááøóíúËö¡ æóãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóåöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÓøóåõãú ØóÇÆöÝñ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÊóÐóßøóÑõæÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ãõÈúÕöÑõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 201] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõáú ÑóÈøö ÃóÚõæóÐõ Èößó ãöäú åóãóÒóÇÊö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóÃóÚõæÐõ Èößó ÑóÈøö Ãóäú íóÍúÖõÑõæäö} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 97]
[ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 97 - 98] .(1/141)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöãøóÇ íóäúÒóÛóäøóßó ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö äóÒúÛñ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚöÐú ÈöÇááøóåö Åöäøóåõ ÓóãöíÚñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 200] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃúÊó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÝóÇÓúÊóÚöÐú ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÇáÑøóÌöíãö Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÓõáúØóÇäñ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÚóáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú íóÊóæóßøóáõæäó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäõåõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóæóáøóæúäóåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú Èöåö ãõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÇáäÍá: 98]
[ÇáäøóÍúáö: 98 - 100] .
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáÓøóãöíÚö ÇáúÚóáöíãö ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÇáÑøóÌöíãö ãöäú åóãúÒöåö¡ æóäóÝúÎöåö¡ æóäóÝúËöåö» . æóÌóÇÁó ãöËúáõåõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÇáúÈóÇåöáöíøö¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: «ÝóåóãúÒõåõ ÇáúãóæúÊóÉõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÎóäúÞõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáÕøóÑúÚõ¡ æóäóÝúÎõåõ ÇáúßöÈúÑõ¡ æóäóÝúËõåõ ÇáÔøöÚúÑõ» . æóËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÎóáóÇÁó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäó ÇáúÎõÈúËö æóÇáúÎóÈóÇÆöËö» . ÞóÇáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: ÇÓúÊóÚóÇÐó ãöäú ÐõßúÑóÇäö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóÅöäóÇËöåöãú.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú ÓõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚöíÓóì Èúäö íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäú ËóæúÑò¡(1/142)
Úóäö ÇáúÍõÕóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚúÏò ÇáúÎóíúÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóäú ÃóÊóì ÇáúÛóÇÆöØó ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÊöÑú¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÏú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌúãóÚó ßóËöíÈðÇ ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÏúÈöÑúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóáúÚóÈõ ÈöãóÞóÇÚöÏö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó¡ ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó¡ æóãóäú áóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ËóæúÑö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÚóÏöíøö Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó: ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÕõÑóÏò «ÇÓúÊóÈøó ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóäóÍúäõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÌõáõæÓñ ÝóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ íóÓõÈøõ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ ãõÛúÖóÈðÇ ÞóÏö ÇÍúãóÑøó æóÌúåõåõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Åöäøöí áóÃóÚúáóãõ ßóáöãóÉð áóæú ÞóÇáóåóÇ áóÐóåóÈó Úóäúåõ ãóÇ íóÌöÏõ¡ áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÇáÑøóÌöíãö ". ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áöáÑøóÌõáö: ÃóáóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó! ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóÓúÊõ ÈöãóÌúäõæäò» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó: Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóÇ íóÃúßõáõ ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö æóáóÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÃúßõáõ ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö» . æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ(1/143)
ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóÈöí Íóßöíãò¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú Ãóßóáó ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö Ãóßóáó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ æóãóäú ÔóÑöÈó ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö ÔóÑöÈó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáØøóÍøóÇäö ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: Úóäö «ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÔúÑóÈõ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " Þöåú ". ÞóÇáó: áöãó¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóíóÓõÑøõßó Ãóäú íóÔúÑóÈó ãóÚóßó ÇáúåöÑøõ¿ ". ÞóÇáó: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÔóÑöÈó ãóÚóßó ãóäú åõæó ÔóÑøõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóæú íóÚúáóãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÔúÑóÈõ æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ ãóÇ Ýöí ÈóØúäöåö áóÇÓúÊóÞóÇÁó» . ÞóÇáó: æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöãöËúáö ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ «Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÌóÇÈöÑðÇ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÈóíúÊóåõ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö Íöíäó íóÏúÎõáõ æóÍöíäó íóØúÚóãõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áóÇ(1/144)
ãóÈöíÊó áóßõãú æóáóÇ ÚóÔóÇÁó åóÇåõäóÇ. æóÅöäú ÏóÎóáó æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö ÚöäúÏó ÏõÎõæáöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãõ ÇáúãóÈöíÊó. æóÅöäú áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö ÚöäúÏó ØóÚóÇãöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÏúÑóßúÊõãõ ÇáúãóÈöíÊó æóÇáúÚóÔóÇÁó. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ØóáóÚó ÍóÇÌöÈõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÝóÏóÚõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈúÑõÒó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÛóÇÈó ÍóÇÌöÈõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÝóÏóÚõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÛöíÈó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍóíøóäõæÇ ÈöÕóáóÇÊößõãú ØõáõæÚó ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóáóÇ ÛõÑõæÈóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóØúáõÚõ Èóíúäó ÞóÑúäóíö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö» . " áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí Ãóíøó Ðóáößó " ÞóÇáó åöÔóÇãñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö åöÔóÇãò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ «Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó åóÇåõäóÇ¡ Åöäøó ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉó åóÇåõäóÇ¡ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ íóØúáõÚõ ÞóÑúäõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóÝöí ÇáÓøõäóäö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Ãóäú íóÌúáöÓó Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáÙøöáøö. æóÞóÇáó «Åöäøóåõ ãóÌúáöÓõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö» . æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãóÚóÇäöí ; ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäöåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö Ýöíåö ÊóÔúæöíåñ ÈöÇáúÎöáúÞóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóì ßóÇäó(1/145)
íõÍöÈøõåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ; áöÃóäøó ÎöáúÞóÊóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãõÔóæøóåóÉñ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÓúÊóÞöÑøñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ØóáúÚõåóÇ ßóÃóäøóåõ ÑõÁõæÓõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 65] . ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ áóÇ ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíøóÇÊö ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãóåõ ãóäú ÒóÚúãóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøõÝõæÓó ãóÛúÑõæÒñ ÝöíåóÇ ÞõÈúÍõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö¡ æóÍõÓúäõ ÎõáõÞö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÔóÇåöÏõæÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ØóáúÚõåóÇ ßóÃóäøóåõ ÑõÁõæÓõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 65] ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáäøöÓúæóÉõ áóãøóÇ ÔóÇåóÏúäó ÌóãóÇáó íõæÓõÝó: {ÍóÇÔó áöáøóåö ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈóÔóÑðÇ Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóáóßñ ßóÑöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 31] . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóØóÇÁñ¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÌúäóÍó Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÌõäúÍõ Çááøóíúáö ÝóßõÝøõæÇ ÕöÈúíóÇäóßõãú ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäó ÊóäúÊóÔöÑõ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÓóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁö ÝóÎóáøõæåõãú¡ æóÃóÛúáöÞú ÈóÇÈóßó æóÇÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóØúÝöÆú ãöÕúÈóÇÍóßó æóÇÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóæúßö ÓöÞóÇÁóßó æóÇÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö¡ æóÎóãøöÑú ÅöäóÇÁóßó æóÇÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö¡ æóáóæú ÊóÚúÑõÖõ Úóáóíúåö ÔóíúÆðÇ» .
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò Èöåö. æóÚöäúÏóåõ: «ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áóÇ íóÝúÊóÍõ ÈóÇÈðÇ ãõÛúáóÞðÇ» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ Úóäú ÝöØúÑò¡ Úóäú(1/146)
ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÃóÛúáöÞõæÇ ÃóÈúæóÇÈóßõãú¡ æóÎóãøöÑõæÇ ÂäöíóÊóßõãú¡ æóÃóæúßõæÇ ÃóÓúÞöíóÊóßõãú¡ æóÃóØúÝöÆõæÇ ÓõÑõÌóßõãú ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áóÇ íóÝúÊóÍõ ÈóÇÈðÇ ãõÛúáóÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóßúÔöÝõ ÛöØóÇÁð¡ æóáóÇ íóÍöáøõ æößóÇÁð¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÝõæóíúÓöÞóÉó ÊõÖúÑöãõ ÇáúÈóíúÊó Úóáóì Ãóåúáöåö» . íóÚúäöí ÇáúÝóÃúÑóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÂÏóãõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ßõÑóíúÈò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóæú Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó Ãóåúáóåõ ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó ÌóäøöÈúäóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó¡ æóÌóäøöÈö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ãóÇ ÑóÒóÞúÊóäöí. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóáóÏñ áóãú íóÖõÑøóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ¡ æóáóãú íõÓóáøóØú Úóáóíúåö» . æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ßõÑóíúÈò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãöËúáóåõ.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò¡ Úóäú ßõÑóíúÈò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóãóÇ áóæú Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóì Ãóåúáóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö Çááøóåõãøó ÌóäøöÈúäóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó¡ æóÌóäøöÈö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ãóÇ ÑóÒóÞúÊóäóÇ. ÝóÑõÒöÞóÇ æóáóÏðÇ áóãú íóÖõÑøóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÎöí¡ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «íóÚúÞöÏõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Úóáóì ÞóÇÝöíóÉö ÑóÃúÓö ÃóÍóÏößõãú ÅöÐóÇ åõæó äóÇãó ËóáóÇËó ÚõÞóÏò ; íóÖúÑöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÚõÞúÏóÉò ãóßóÇäóåóÇ¡ Úóáóíúßó áóíúáñ Øóæöíáñ ÝóÇÑúÞõÏú. ÝóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÝóÐóßóÑó Çááøóåó ÇäúÍóáøóÊú ÚõÞúÏóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÇäúÍóáøóÊú ÚõÞúÏóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäú Õóáøóì ÇäúÍóáøóÊú ÚõÞóÏõåõ ßõáøõåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó äóÔöíØðÇ ØóíøöÈó ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÎóÈöíËó ÇáäøóÝúÓö ßóÓúáóÇäó» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ Èöåö(1/147)
ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÍóãúÒóÉó ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÇáúåóÇÏöí¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóäú ÚöíÓóì Èúäö ØóáúÍóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ãöäú ãóäóÇãöåö ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó ÝóáúíóÓúÊóäúËöÑú ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÈöíÊõ Úóáóì ÎóíúÔõæãöåö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäö ÇáÏøóÑóÇæóÑúÏöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒõäúÈõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: «ÐõßöÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÌõáñ äóÇãó áóíúáóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÕúÈóÍó. ÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ÑóÌõáñ ÈóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÃõÐõäóíúåö " Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: " Ýöí ÃõÐõäöåö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÌóÑöíÑò Èöåö. æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóäúÕõæÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ äõæÏöíó ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÃóÏúÈóÑó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ æóáóåõ ÖõÑóÇØñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÖöíó ÃóÞúÈóáó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ËõæøöÈó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÏúÈóÑó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÖöíó ÃóÞúÈóáó ÍóÊøóì íóÎúØõÑó Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÞóáúÈöåö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÇÐúßõÑú ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ.(1/148)
ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÏúÑöíó ÃóËúáóÇËðÇ Õóáøóì Ãóãú ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ¿ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÏúÑö ÃóËúáóÇËðÇ Õóáøóì Ãóãú ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ¡ ÓóÌóÏó ÓóÌúÏóÊóíö ÇáÓøóåúæö» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúæóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÚúÝóÑñ íóÚúäöí ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÑóÇÕøõæÇ ÇáÕøõÝõæÝó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäó ÊóÞõæãõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóáóáö» . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: «ÑóÇÕøõæÇ ÕõÝõæÝóßõãú¡ æóÞóÇÑöÈõæÇ ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ æóÍóÇÐõæÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÞö¡ ÝóæóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÈöíóÏöåö Åöäøöí áöÃóÑóì ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÏúÎõáõ ãöäú Îóáóáö ÇáÕøóÝøö ßóÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÐúÝõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãóÚúãóÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏö Èúäö åöáóÇáò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑøó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÃóÍóÏößõãú ÔóíúÁñ ÝóáúíóãúäóÚúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÈóì ÝóáúíóãúäóÚúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÈóì ÝóáúíõÞóÇÊöáúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÔóíúØóÇäñ» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏö Èúäö åöáóÇáò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÓóÑøóÉõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÈóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóØóÇÁó Èúäó íóÒöíÏó ÇááøóíúËöíøó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ íõÕóáøöí ÝóÐóåóÈúÊõ(1/149)
ÃóãõÑøõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÝóÑóÏøóäöí¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇãó íõÕóáøöí ÕóáóÇÉó ÇáÕøõÈúÍö æóåõæó ÎóáúÝóåõ ÝóÞóÑóÃó ÝóÇáúÊóÈóÓóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú ÕóáóÇÊöåö ÞóÇáó: áóæú ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí æóÅöÈúáöíÓó¡ ÝóÃóåúæóíúÊõ ÈöíóÏöí ÝóãóÇ ÒöáúÊõ ÃóÎúäõÞõåõ ÍóÊøóì æóÌóÏúÊõ ÈóÑúÏó áõÚóÇÈöåö Èóíúäó ÅöÕúÈóÚóíøó åóÇÊóíúäö: ÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö æóÇáøóÊöí ÊóáöíåóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÏóÚúæóÉõ ÃóÎöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó áöÃóÕúÈóÍó ãóÑúÈõæØðÇ ÈöÓóÇÑöíóÉò ãöäú ÓóæóÇÑöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö íóÊóáóÇÚóÈõ Èöåö ÕöÈúíóÇäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó ãöäúßõãú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍõæáó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóáúíóÝúÚóáú» . æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäúåõ: " Ýóãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó ". Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÃóÍúãóÏó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑöíøö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÍúãõæÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóÈóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ «Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ Õóáøóì ÕóáóÇÉð ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÚóÑøóÖó áöí ÝóÔóÏøó Úóáóíøó áöÞóØúÚö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóíøó¡ ÝóÃóãúßóäóäöí Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ» . ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Èöåö ãõØóæøóáðÇ.
æóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí æóåóÈú áöí ãõáúßðÇ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúæóåøóÇÈõ} [Õ: 35] . ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóæúÍò¡ æóÛõäúÏõÑò¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÚöÝúÑöíÊðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö(1/150)
ÊóÝóáøóÊó Úóáóíøó ÇáúÈóÇÑöÍóÉó» . Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉð äóÍúæóåóÇ «áöíóÞúØóÚó Úóáóíøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó¡ ÝóÃóãúßóäóäöí Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ ÝóÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÑúÈöØóåõ Åöáóì ÓóÇÑöíóÉò ãöäú ÓóæóÇÑöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÍóÊøóì ÊõÕúÈöÍõæÇ æóÊóäúÙõÑõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ßõáøõßõãú¡ ÝóÐóßóÑúÊõ Þóæúáó ÃóÎöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó: {ÑóÈøö ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí æóåóÈú áöí ãõáúßðÇ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúæóåøóÇÈõ} [Õ: 35] » . ÞóÇáó: ÑóæúÍñ ÝóÑóÏøóåõ ÎóÇÓöÆðÇ. æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÕóáøöí ÝóÓóãöÚúäóÇåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäúßó» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóáúÚóäõßó ÈöáóÚúäóÉö Çááøóåö» . ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ æóÈóÓóØó íóÏóåõ ßóÃóäøóåõ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÞõáúäóÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúäóÇßó ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÔóíúÆðÇ áóãú äóÓúãóÚúßó ÊóÞõæáõåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó¡ æóÑóÃóíúäóÇßó ÈóÓóØúÊó íóÏóßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: «Åöäú ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÌóÇÁó ÈöÔöåóÇÈò ãöäú äóÇÑò áöíóÌúÚóáóåõ Ýöí æóÌúåöí¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäúßó ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò. Ëõãøó ÞõáúÊõ: ÃóáúÚóäõßó ÈöáóÚúäóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáÊøóÇãøóÉö Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÃúÎöÑú. Ëõãøó ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ÃóÎúÐóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåö áóæúáóÇ ÏóÚúæóÉõ ÃóÎöíäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó áóÃóÕúÈóÍó ãõæËóÞðÇ íóáúÚóÈõ Èöåö æöáúÏóÇäõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö» . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÇ ÊóÛõÑøóäøóßõãõ ÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóáóÇ íóÛõÑøóäøóßõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúÛóÑõæÑõ} [áÞãÇä: 33] . íóÚúäöí ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áóßõãú ÚóÏõæøñ ÝóÇÊøóÎöÐõæåõ ÚóÏõæøðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏúÚõæ ÍöÒúÈóåõ áöíóßõæäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÓøóÚöíÑö} [ÝÇØÑ: 6] . ÝóÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áóÇ íóÃúáõæ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÎóÈóÇáðÇ ÌóåúÏóåõ æóØóÇÞóÊóåõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö æóÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö æóÓóßóäóÇÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÕóäøóÝó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÓóãøóÇåõ " ãóÕóÇÆöÏó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö " æóÝöíåö ÝóæóÇÆöÏõ ÌóãøóÉñ.(1/151)
æóÝöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆöåö: æóÃóÚõæÐõ Èößó Ãóäú íóÊóÎóÈøóØóäöí ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóæúÊö» . æóÑóæóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «íóÇ ÑóÈøö æóÚöÒøößó æóÌóáóÇáößó áóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõ ÃõÛúæöíåöãú ãóÇ ÏóÇãóÊú ÃóÑúæóÇÍõåõãú Ýöí ÃóÌúÓóÇÏöåöãú. ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÚöÒøóÊöí æóÌóáóÇáöí æóáóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõ ÃóÛúÝöÑõ áóåõãú ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑõæäöí» . æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÚöÏõßõãõ ÇáúÝóÞúÑó æóíóÃúãõÑõßõãú ÈöÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁö æóÇááøóåõ íóÚöÏõßõãú ãóÛúÝöÑóÉð ãöäúåõ æóÝóÖúáðÇ æóÇááøóåõ æóÇÓöÚñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 268] . ÝóæóÚúÏõ Çááøóåö åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ æóæóÚúÏõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö åõæó ÇáúÈóÇØöáõ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ Úóäú ãõÑøóÉó ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö áóãøóÉð ÈöÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó¡ æóáöáúãóáóßö áóãøóÉð ; ÝóÃóãøóÇ áóãøóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÅöíÚóÇÏñ ÈöÇáÔøóÑøö æóÊóßúÐöíÈñ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ áóãøóÉõ Çáúãóáóßö ÝóÅöíÚóÇÏñ ÈöÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÊóÕúÏöíÞñ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ Ýóãóäú æóÌóÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáúíóÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÝóáúíóÍúãóÏö Çááøóåó¡ æóãöäú æóÌóÏó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÝóáúíóÊóÚóæøóÐú ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó:» {ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÚöÏõßõãõ ÇáúÝóÞúÑó æóíóÃúãõÑõßõãú ÈöÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁö æóÇááøóåõ íóÚöÏõßõãú ãóÛúÝöÑóÉð ãöäúåõ æóÝóÖúáðÇ æóÇááøóåõ æóÇÓöÚñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 268] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÝöÑøõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞúÑóÃõ(1/152)
Ýöíåö¡ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÂíóÉö ÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞóÑóÃóåóÇ Ýöí áóíúáóÉò áóÇ íóÞúÑóÈõåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÍóÊøóì íõÕúÈöÍó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ íõæÓõÝó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãóÇáößñ¡ Úóäú Óõãóíøò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ áóåõ Çáúãõáúßõ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÏöíÑñ. Ýöí íóæúãò ãöÇÆóÉó ãóÑøóÉò ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÚöÏúáõ ÚóÔúÑö ÑöÞóÇÈò¡ æóßõÊöÈóÊú áóåõ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÍóÓóäóÉò¡ æóãõÍöíóÊú Úóäúåõ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÓóíøöÆóÉò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÍöÑúÒðÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö íóæúãóåõ Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì íõãúÓöíó¡ æóáóãú íóÃúÊö ÑóÌõáñ ÈöÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ Úóãöáó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó» . æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúíóãóÇäö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ßõáøõ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó íóØúÚóäõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÌóäúÈóíúåö ÈöÅöÕúÈóÚöåö Íöíäó íõæáóÏõ ÛóíúÑó ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó ÐóåóÈó íóØúÚóäõ ÝóØóÚóäó Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóËóÇÁóÈó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú(1/153)
ÝóáúíóÑõÏøóåõ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍóÏóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: åóÇ. ÖóÍößó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÕóÍøóÍóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò Èöåö. æóÝöí áóÝúÙò «ÅöÐóÇ ÊóËóÇÁóÈó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÝóáúíóßúÙöãú ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÏúÎõáõ» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäö Çááøóåó íõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÚõØóÇÓó¡ æóíõÈúÛöÖõ Ãóæú íóßúÑóåõ ÇáÊøóËóÇÄõÈó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÍóÏõßõãú åóÇ åóÇ. ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÖúÍóßõ ãöäú ÌóæúÝöåö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÌúáóÇäó Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäõ Èúäõ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÕö¡ Úóäú ÃóÔúÚóËó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÌõáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó: åõæó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÓñ íóÎúÊóáöÓõåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÃóÍóÏößõãú» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÔúÚóËó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÔøóÚúËóÇÁö Óõáóíúãö Èúäö ÃóÓúæóÏó ÇáúãõÍóÇÑöÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò Èöåö.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ(1/154)
ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉõ ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ æóÇáúÍõáúãõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÝóÅöÐóÇ Íóáóãó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÍõáúãðÇ íóÎóÇÝõåõ ÝóáúíóÈúÕõÞú Úóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö æóáöíóÊóÚóæøóÐú ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ÔóÑøöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõåõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÇ íóãúÔöíóäøó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Åöáóì ÃóÎöíåö ÈöÇáÓøöáóÇÍö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏúÑöí ÃóÍóÏõßõãú áóÚóáøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó Ãóäú íóäúÒöÚó Ýöí íóÏöåö ÝóíóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÍõÝúÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö» . ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö. æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöãóÕóÇÈöíÍó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåóÇ ÑõÌõæãðÇ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö æóÃóÚúÊóÏúäóÇ áóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáÓøóÚöíÑö} [Çáãáß: 5] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ ÒóíøóäøóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöÒöíäóÉò ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóÍöÝúÙðÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúØóÇäò ãóÇÑöÏò áóÇ íóÓøóãøóÚõæäó Åöáóì ÇáúãóáóÅö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì æóíõÞúÐóÝõæäó ãöäú ßõáøö ÌóÇäöÈò ÏõÍõæÑðÇ æóáóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ æóÇÕöÈñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÎóØöÝó ÇáúÎóØúÝóÉó ÝóÃóÊúÈóÚóåõ ÔöåóÇÈñ ËóÇÞöÈñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 6]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 210 - 212] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌóÇäøö: {æóÃóäøóÇ áóãóÓúäóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÝóæóÌóÏúäóÇåóÇ ãõáöÆóÊú ÍóÑóÓðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ æóÔõåõÈðÇ æóÃóäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÞúÚõÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ãóÞóÇÚöÏó áöáÓøóãúÚö Ýóãóäú íóÓúÊóãöÚö ÇáúÂäó íóÌöÏú áóåõ ÔöåóÇÈðÇ ÑóÕóÏðÇ} [ÇáÌä: 8]
[ÇáúÌöäøö: 8 - 9] .(1/155)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇááøóíúËõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí åöáóÇáò Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúæÏö ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÊóÍóÏøóËõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóäóÇäö æóÇáúÚóäóÇäõ ÇáúÛóãóÇãõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÊóÓúãóÚõ ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäõ ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÝóÊõÞöÑøõåóÇ Ýöí ÃõÐõäö ÇáúßóÇåöäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊõÞóÑøõ ÇáúÞóÇÑõæÑóÉõ ÝóíóÒöíÏõæäó ãóÚóåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ßóÐöÈóÉò» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó ãõÚóáøóÞðÇ¡ Úóäö ÇááøóíúËö Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãóÑúíóãó¡ Úóäö ÇááøóíúËö¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö¡ Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöåóÐóíúäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö Ïõæäó ãõÓúáöãò.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ «ÓóÃóáó äóÇÓñ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇáúßõåøóÇäö ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõãú áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäøóåõãú íõÍóÏøöËõæäóäóÇ ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò Ýóíóßõæäõ ÍóÞøðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Êöáúßó ÇáúßóáöãóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö íóÎúØóÝõåóÇ ÇáúÌöäøöíøõ ÝóíõÞóÑúÞöÑõåóÇ Ýöí ÃõÐõäö æóáöíøöåö ßóÞóÑúÞóÑóÉö ÇáÏøóÌóÇÌóÉö ÝóíóÎúáöØõæäó ãóÚóåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ßóÐöÈóÉò» . åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.(1/156)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑñæ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚößúÑöãóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÖóÑóÈóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈöÃóÌúäöÍóÊöåóÇ ÎõÖúÚóÇäðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö ßóÃóäøóåõ ÓöáúÓöáóÉñ Úóáóì ÕóÝúæóÇäò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝõÒøöÚó Úóäú ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßõãú¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ áöáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóáöíøõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ. ÝóíóÓúãóÚõåóÇ ãõÓúÊóÑöÞõ ÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóãõÓúÊóÑöÞõ ÇáÓøóãúÚö åóßóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÝóæúÞó ÈóÚúÖò» . æóæóÕóÝó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ ÈößóÝøöåö¡ ÝóÍóÑøóÝóåóÇ æóÈóÏøóÏó Èóíúäó ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö «ÝóíóÓúãóÚõ ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÝóíõáúÞöíåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäú ÊóÍúÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó íõáúÞöíåóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ Åöáóì ãóäú ÊóÍúÊóåõ ÍóÊøóì íõáúÞöíóåóÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáÓøóÇÍöÑö Ãóæö ÇáúßóÇåöäö¡ ÝóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáÔøöåóÇÈó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõáúÞöíóåóÇ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÏúÑößóåõ¡ ÝóíóßúÐöÈõ ãóÚóåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ßöÐöÈóÉò¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: ÃóáóíúÓó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó áóäóÇ íóæúãó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. ÝóíõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÓõãöÚóÊú ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ. æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Òóíúäö ÇáúÚóÇÈöÏöíäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäú ÑöÌóÇáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÍúæó åóÐóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÚúÔõ Úóäú ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö äõÞóíøöÖú áóåõ ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ Ýóåõæó áóåõ ÞóÑöíäñ æóÅöäøóåõãú áóíóÕõÏøõæäóåõãú Úóäö ÇáÓøóÈöíáö æóíóÍúÓóÈõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇ áóíúÊó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßó ÈõÚúÏó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞóíúäö ÝóÈöÆúÓó ÇáúÞóÑöíäõ} [ÇáÒÎÑÝ: 36]
[ÝõÕøöáóÊú: 25] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÞóÑöíäõåõ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ãóÇ ÃóØúÛóíúÊõåõ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ÈóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóÕöãõæÇ áóÏóíøó æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúÊõ Åöáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáúæóÚöíÏö ãóÇ íõÈóÏøóáõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ áóÏóíøó æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÙóáøóÇãò áöáúÚóÈöíÏö} [Þ: 27]
[Þ: 27 - 29] .(1/157)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇ áößõáøö äóÈöíøò ÚóÏõæøðÇ ÔóíóÇØöíäó ÇáúÅöäúÓö æóÇáúÌöäøö íõæÍöí ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÒõÎúÑõÝó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÛõÑõæÑðÇ æóáóæú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøõßó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ÝóÐóÑúåõãú æóãóÇ íóÝúÊóÑõæäó æóáöÊóÕúÛóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÝúÆöÏóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóáöíóÑúÖóæúåõ æóáöíóÞúÊóÑöÝõæÇ ãóÇ åõãú ãõÞúÊóÑöÝõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 112]
[ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 112 - 113] .
æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÑóÇÝöÚñ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æõßøöáó Èöåö ÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÅöíøóÇßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: æóÅöíøóÇíó¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÚóÇäóäöí Úóáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóÃúãõÑõäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÎóíúÑò» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäú ÞóÇÈõæÓó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÍõÕóíúäõ Èúäõ ÌõäúÏõÈò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ÙóÈúíóÇäó ÇáúÌóäúÈöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóíúÓó ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú æõßøöáó Èöåö ÞóÑöíäõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÃóäúÊó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÚóÇäóäöí Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóÓúáóãó» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóÇÑõæäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÕóÎúÑò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÞõÓóíúØò ÍóÏøóËóåõ Ãóäøó ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÍóÏøóËóåõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó(1/158)
ÒóæúÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏøóËóÊúåõ: «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåóÇ áóíúáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóÛöÑúÊõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÝóÌóÇÁó ÝóÑóÃóì ãóÇ ÃóÕúäóÚõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: " ãóÇáóßö íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÃóÛöÑúÊö. " ÞóÇáóÊú ÝóÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÇáöí Ãóäú áóÇ íóÛóÇÑó ãöËúáöí Úóáóì ãöËúáößó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÃóÝóÃóÎóÐóßö ÔóíúØóÇäõßö. " ÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Ãóæó ãóÚöí ÔóíúØóÇäñ¿ ÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú. " ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÚó ßõáøö ÅöäúÓóÇäò¿ ÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú. " ÞõáúÊõ: æóãóÚóßó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú. " æóáóßöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÃóÚóÇäóäöí Úóáóíúåö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÓúáóãó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú åóÇÑõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóíúáöíøõ ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ãõæÓóì Èúäö æóÑúÏóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäó áóíõäúÖöí ÔóíúØóÇäóåõ ßóãóÇ íõäúÖöí ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÈöÚöíÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóãóÚúäóì áóíõäúÖöí ÔóíúØóÇäóåõ: áóíóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöäóÇÕöíóÊöåö ÝóíóÛúáöÈõåõ æóíóÞúåóÑõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÈöÇáúÈóÚöíÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑóÏó Ëõãøó ÛóáóÈóåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÅöÈúáöíÓó: {ÞóÇáó ÝóÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúæóíúÊóäöí áóÃóÞúÚõÏóäøó áóåõãú ÕöÑóÇØóßó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó Ëõãøó áóÂÊöíóäøóåõãú ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåöãú æóÚóäú ÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú æóÚóäú ÔóãóÇÆöáöåöãú æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÔóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 16]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 16 - 17] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóÇÔöãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÞöíáò¡ åõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö(1/159)
Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ÓóÈúÑóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÝóÇßöåò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÞóÚóÏó áöÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÈöÃóØúÑõÞöåö ; ÝóÞóÚóÏó áóåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊõÓúáöãõ æóÊóÐúÑõ Ïöíäóßó æóÏöíäó ÂÈóÇÆößó¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÚóÕóÇåõ æóÃóÓúáóãó " ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÚóÏó áóåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊõåóÇÌöÑõ æóÊóÐúÑõ ÃóÑúÖóßó æóÓóãóÇÁóßó¿ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ãóËóáõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑö ßóÇáúÝóÑóÓö Ýöí ÇáØøõæáö. ÝóÚóÕóÇåõ æóåóÇÌóÑó. Ëõãøó ÞóÚóÏó áóåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÌöåóÇÏö¡ æóåõæó ÌóåúÏõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊõÞóÇÊöáõ ÝóÊõÞúÊóáõ ÝóÊõäúßóÍõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ æóíõÞóÓøóãõ ÇáúãóÇáõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÚóÕóÇåõ æóÌóÇåóÏó " ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " Ýóãóäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÊöáó ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóÑöÞó ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÅöäú æóÞóÕóÊúåõ ÏóÇÈøóÊõåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóÇÏóÉõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÝóÒóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÌõÈóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚõãóÑó íóÞõæáõ: «áóãú íóßõäú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÏóÚõ åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö Íöíäó íõÕúÈöÍõ æóÍöíäó íõãúÓöí: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÇáúÚóÝúæó æóÇáúÚóÇÝöíóÉó Ýöí Ïöíäöí æóÏõäúíóÇíó æóÃóåúáöí æóãóÇáöí Çááøóåõãøó ÇÓúÊõÑú ÚóæúÑóÇÊöí¡ æóÂãöäú ÑóæúÚóÇÊöí¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÇÍúÝóÙúäöí ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíøó æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöí æóÚóäú íóãöíäöí æóÚóäú ÔöãóÇáöí æóãöäú ÝóæúÞöí¡ æóÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÚóÙóãóÊößó Ãóäú ÃõÛúÊóÇáó ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöí» . ÞóÇáó æóßöíÚñ: íóÚúäöí ÇáúÎóÓúÝó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö.(1/160)
[ÈóÇÈõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
[ÈöÏóÇíóÉõ ÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÓúÝößõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏößó æóäõÞóÏøöÓõ áóßó ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó æóÚóáøóãó ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóäúÈöÆõæäöí ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁö åóÄõáóÇÁö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó áóÇ Úöáúãó áóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáøóãúÊóäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÈöÆúåõãú ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóäúÈóÃóåõãú ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú ÞóÇáó Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßõãú Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ÛóíúÈó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊõÈúÏõæäó æóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóßúÊõãõæäó æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì æóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑó æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó æóÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóßõáóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÛóÏðÇ ÍóíúËõ ÔöÆúÊõãóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÝóÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÝóÃóÒóáøóåõãóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäóÇ Ýöíåö æóÞõáúäóÇ ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ ÞõáúäóÇ ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ íóÃúÊöíóäøóßõãú ãöäøöí åõÏðì Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚó åõÏóÇíó ÝóáóÇ ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ åõãú íóÍúÒóäõæäó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ æóßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÇÑö åõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30]
[Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 59] .(1/161)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÎóáóÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ æóÈóËøó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóäöÓóÇÁð æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÓóÇÁóáõæäó Èöåö æóÇáúÃóÑúÍóÇãó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ßóÇäó Úóáóíúßõãú ÑóÞöíÈðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 1] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöäøóÇ ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú ãöäú ÐóßóÑò æóÃõäúËóì æóÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÔõÚõæÈðÇ æóÞóÈóÇÆöáó áöÊóÚóÇÑóÝõæÇ Åöäøó ÃóßúÑóãóßõãú ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÃóÊúÞóÇßõãú Åöäøó Çááøóåó Úóáöíãñ ÎóÈöíÑñ} [ÇáÍÌÑÇÊ: 13] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÌóÚóáó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ áöíóÓúßõäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 189] . ÇáúÂíóÉó.(1/162)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÕóæøóÑúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏó ÅöÐú ÃóãóÑúÊõßó ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑò æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò ÞóÇáó ÝóÇåúÈöØú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÊóßóÈøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú Åöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÛöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÃóäúÙöÑúäöí Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó ÞóÇáó Åöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÙóÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÝóÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúæóíúÊóäöí áóÃóÞúÚõÏóäøó áóåõãú ÕöÑóÇØóßó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó Ëõãøó áóÂÊöíóäøóåõãú ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåöãú æóÚóäú ÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú æóÚóäú ÔóãóÇÆöáöåöãú æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÔóÇßöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ãóÐúÁõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ áóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú áóÃóãúáóÃóäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ãöäúßõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó æóíóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÝóßõáóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÔöÆúÊõãóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÝóÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÝóæóÓúæóÓó áóåõãóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áöíõÈúÏöíó áóåõãóÇ ãóÇ æõæÑöíó ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöäú ÓóæúÂÊöåöãóÇ æóÞóÇáó ãóÇ äóåóÇßõãóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóæú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÏöíäó æóÞóÇÓóãóåõãóÇ Åöäøöí áóßõãóÇ áóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó ÝóÏóáøóÇåõãóÇ ÈöÛõÑõæÑò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóÇÞóÇ ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÈóÏóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÓóæúÂÊõåõãóÇ æóØóÝöÞóÇ íóÎúÕöÝóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóäóÇÏóÇåõãóÇ ÑóÈøõåõãóÇ Ãóáóãú ÃóäúåóßõãóÇ Úóäú ÊöáúßõãóÇ ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö æóÃóÞõáú áóßõãóÇ Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áóßõãóÇ ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÈöíäñ ÞóÇáóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÙóáóãúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ æóÊóÑúÍóãúäóÇ áóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò ÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÍúíóæúäó æóÝöíåóÇ ÊóãõæÊõæäó æóãöäúåóÇ ÊõÎúÑóÌõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 11]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 11 - 25] .(1/163)
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ãöäúåóÇ ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú æóÝöíåóÇ äõÚöíÏõßõãú æóãöäúåóÇ äõÎúÑöÌõßõãú ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì} [Øå: 55] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞúäóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ãöäú ÍóãóÅò ãóÓúäõæäò æóÇáúÌóÇäøó ÎóáóÞúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ãöäú äóÇÑö ÇáÓøóãõæãö æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöäøöí ÎóÇáöÞñ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ãöäú ÍóãóÅò ãóÓúäõæäò ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊõåõ æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí ÝóÞóÚõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãóÇ áóßó ÃóáøóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóÚó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó áóãú Ãóßõäú áöÃóÓúÌõÏó áöÈóÔóÑò ÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú ÕóáúÕóÇáò ãöäú ÍóãóÅò ãóÓúäõæäò ÞóÇáó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÑóÌöíãñ æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßó ÇááøóÚúäóÉó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÝóÃóäúÙöÑúäöí Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó ÞóÇáó ÝóÅöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÙóÑöíäó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúæóíúÊóäöí áóÃõÒóíøöäóäøó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÃõÛúæöíóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóßó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÕöÑóÇØñ Úóáóíøó ãõÓúÊóÞöíãñ Åöäøó ÚöÈóÇÏöí áóíúÓó áóßó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇæöíäó æóÅöäøó Ìóåóäøóãó áóãóæúÚöÏõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó áóåóÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉõ ÃóÈúæóÇÈò áößõáøö ÈóÇÈò ãöäúåõãú ÌõÒúÁñ ãóÞúÓõæãñ} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 26]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö 26 - 44] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÞóÇáó ÃóÃóÓúÌõÏõ áöãóäú ÎóáóÞúÊó ØöíäðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÃóÑóÃóíúÊóßó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÑøóãúÊó Úóáóíøó áóÆöäú ÃóÎøóÑúÊóäö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö áóÃóÍúÊóäößóäøó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÇÐúåóÈú Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú ÝóÅöäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ÌóÒóÇÄõßõãú ÌóÒóÇÁð ãóæúÝõæÑðÇ - æóÇÓúÊóÝúÒöÒú ãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊó ãöäúåõãú ÈöÕóæúÊößó æóÃóÌúáöÈú Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÎóíúáößó æóÑóÌöáößó æóÔóÇÑößúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö æóÚöÏúåõãú æóãóÇ íóÚöÏõåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÛõÑõæÑðÇ - Åöäøó ÚöÈóÇÏöí áóíúÓó áóßó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ æóßóÝóì ÈöÑóÈøößó æóßöíáðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 61 - 65]
[ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 61 - 65] .(1/163)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÝóÓóÞó Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö ÃóÝóÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäóåõ æóÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ÃóæúáöíóÇÁó ãöäú Ïõæäöí æóåõãú áóßõãú ÚóÏõæøñ ÈöÆúÓó áöáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈóÏóáðÇ} [ÇáßåÝ: 50] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÚóåöÏúäóÇ Åöáóì ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝóäóÓöíó æóáóãú äóÌöÏú áóåõ ÚóÒúãðÇ æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì ÝóÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÚóÏõæøñ áóßó æóáöÒóæúÌößó ÝóáóÇ íõÎúÑöÌóäøóßõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÊóÔúÞóì Åöäøó áóßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÌõæÚó ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÑóì æóÃóäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÙúãóÃõ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÖúÍóì ÝóæóÓúæóÓó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÂÏóãõ åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßó Úóáóì ÔóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÏö æóãõáúßò áóÇ íóÈúáóì ÝóÃóßóáóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÈóÏóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÓóæúÂÊõåõãóÇ æóØóÝöÞóÇ íóÎúÕöÝóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÚóÕóì ÂÏóãõ ÑóÈøóåõ ÝóÛóæóì Ëõãøó ÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö æóåóÏóì ÞóÇáó ÇåúÈöØóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ ÝóÅöãøóÇ íóÃúÊöíóäøóßõãú ãöäøöí åõÏðì Ýóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó åõÏóÇíó ÝóáóÇ íóÖöáøõ æóáóÇ íóÔúÞóì æóãóäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú ÐößúÑöí ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ ãóÚöíÔóÉð ÖóäúßðÇ æóäóÍúÔõÑõåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÃóÚúãóì ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö áöãó ÍóÔóÑúÊóäöí ÃóÚúãóì æóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ ÞóÇáó ßóÐóáößó ÃóÊóÊúßó ÂíóÇÊõäóÇ ÝóäóÓöíÊóåóÇ æóßóÐóáößó Çáúíóæúãó ÊõäúÓóì} [Øå: 115]
[Øå: 115 - 126] .(1/164)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú åõæó äóÈóÃñ ÚóÙöíãñ ÃóäúÊõãú Úóäúåõ ãõÚúÑöÖõæäó - ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíó ãöäú Úöáúãò ÈöÇáúãóáóÅö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì ÅöÐú íóÎúÊóÕöãõæäó - Åöäú íõæÍóì Åöáóíøó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ äóÐöíÑñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöäøöí ÎóÇáöÞñ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäú Øöíäò - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊõåõ æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí ÝóÞóÚõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑó æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó - ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó Ãóäú ÊóÓúÌõÏó áöãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÈöíóÏóíøó ÃóÓúÊóßúÈóÑúÊó Ãóãú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑò æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÑóÌöíãñ - æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßó áóÚúäóÊöí Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÝóÃóäúÙöÑúäöí Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóÅöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÙóÑöíäó - Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö - ÞóÇáó ÝóÈöÚöÒøóÊößó áóÃõÛúæöíóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóßó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÇáúÍóÞøó ÃóÞõæáõ áóÃóãúáóÃóäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ãöäúßó æóãöãøóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - Þõáú ãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöÝöíäó - Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ ÐößúÑñ áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - æóáóÊóÚúáóãõäøó äóÈóÃóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Íöíäò} [Õ: 67 - 88]
[Õ: 67 - 88] .
ÝóåóÐóÇ ÐößúÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ãöäú ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö. æóáúäóÐúßõÑú åóÇåõäóÇ ãóÖúãõæäó ãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúßóÑöíãóÇÊõ¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ.
ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõãú: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . ÃóÚúáóãó ÈöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ãöäú ÂÏóãó æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÎúáöÝõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎóáóÇÆöÝó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 165] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóíóÌúÚóáõßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [Çáäãá: 62] . ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóäúæöíåö ÈöÎóáúÞö ÂÏóãó æóÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÞóÈúáó ßóæúäöåö. ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÓóÇÆöáöíäó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊößúÔóÇÝö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúáóÇãö Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö áóÇ(1/165)
Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó æóÇáúÍóÓóÏö áóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊóæóåøóãõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÌóåóáóÉö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÓúÝößõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . Þöíáó: ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇÆöäñ ÈöãóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÂÏóãó ãöäó ÇáúÍöäøö æóÇáúÈöäøö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍöäøõ æóÇáúÈöäøõ ÞóÈúáó ÂÏóãó ÈöÃóáúÝóíú ÚóÇãò¡ ÝóÓóÝóßõæÇ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁó ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÌõäúÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝóØóÑóÏõæåõãú Åöáóì ÌóÒóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÈõÍõæÑö¡ æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃõáúåöãõæÇ Ðóáößó. æóÞöíáó: áöãóÇ ÇØøóáóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö. ÝóÞöíáó: ÃóØúáóÚóåõãú Úóáóíúåö åóÇÑõæÊõ æóãóÇÑõæÊõ Úóäú ãóáóßò ÝóæúÞóåõãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáÓøöÌöáøõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑö. æóÞöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõãú ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó áóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóËóÇÈóÉö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ. {æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóÈøöÍõ ÈöÍóãúÏößó æóäõÞóÏøöÓõ áóßó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . Ãóíú: äóÚúÈõÏõßó ÏóÇÆöãðÇ áóÇ íóÚúÕöíßó ãöäøóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÎóáúÞö åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏõæßó ÝóåóÇ äóÍúäõ áóÇ äóÝúÊõÑõ áóíúáðÇ æóáóÇ äóåóÇÑðÇ. {ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ áóÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . Ãóíú: ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍóÉö Ýöí ÎóáúÞö åóÄõáóÇÁö {ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . Ãóíú: ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó¡ æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõæäó¡ æóÇáÔøõåóÏóÇÁõ. Ëõãøó Èóíøóäó áóåõãú ÔóÑóÝó ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÚóáøóãó ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 31] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: åöíó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóÚóÇÑóÝõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ; ÅöäúÓóÇäñ¡ æóÏóÇÈøóÉñ¡ æóÃóÑúÖñ¡ æóÓóåúáñ¡ æóÈóÍúÑñ¡ æóÌóÈóáñ¡ æóÌóãóáñ¡ æóÍöãóÇÑñ¡(1/166)
æóÃóÔúÈóÇåõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: Úóáøóãóåõ ÇÓúãó ÇáÕøóÍúÝóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞöÏúÑö ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÝóÓúæóÉö æóÇáúÝõÓóíøóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: Úóáøóãóåõ ÇÓúãó ßõáøö ÏóÇÈøóÉò¡ æóßõáøö ØóíúÑò¡ æóßõáøö ÔóíúÁò.
æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ: Úóáøóãóåõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò: Úóáøóãóåõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáøóãóåõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáÐøóæóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáóåóÇ ãõßóÈøóÑóåóÇ æóãõÕóÛøóÑóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ åõäóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ åõæó¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóåöÔóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «íóÌúÊóãöÚõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó áóæö ÇÓúÊóÔúÝóÚúäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöäóÇ ÝóíóÃúÊõæäó ÂÏóãó ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó ÃóäúÊó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÚóáøóãóßó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò» . æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö {Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóäúÈöÆõæäöí ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁö åóÄõáóÇÁö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 31] . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Çááøóåõ ÎóáúÞó ÂÏóãó¡ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: áóÇ íóÎúáõÞõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÎóáúÞðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäúåõ. ÝóÇÈúÊõáõæÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ. æóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 23] . æóÞöíáó: ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóÓóØúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó áóÇ Úöáúãó áóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáøóãúÊóäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 32] . Ãóíú: ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Ãóäú íõÍöíØó ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Úöáúãößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚúáöíãößó¡(1/167)
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÇ íõÍöíØõæäó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Úöáúãöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 255] . {ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÈöÆúåõãú ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóäúÈóÃóåõãú ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú ÞóÇáó Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßõãú Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ÛóíúÈó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊõÈúÏõæäó æóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóßúÊõãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 33] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáÓøöÑøó ßóãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÚóáóÇäöíóÉó. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÊõÈúÏõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 33] . ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú íõÝúÓöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] . æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóßúÊõãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 33] . ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÅöÈúáöíÓõ æóãóÇ ÃóÓóÑøóåõ æóßóÊóãóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäó ÇáúßöÈóÑö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö áöÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: {æóãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóßúÊõãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 33] . Þóæúáõåõãú: áóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÎóáúÞðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÃóßúÑóãó Úóáóíúåö ãöäúåõ. Þóæúáõåõ: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì æóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 34] . åóÐóÇ ÅößúÑóÇãñ ÚóÙöíãñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÂÏóãó Íöíäó ÎóáóÞóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊõåõ æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí ÝóÞóÚõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 29] . ÝóåóÐöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÊóÔúÑöíÝóÇÊò ÎóáúÞõåõ áóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉö¡ æóäóÝúÎõåõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóãúÑõåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áóåõ¡ æóÊóÚúáöíãõåõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ãõæÓóì Çáúßöáöíãõ Íöíäó ÇÌúÊóãóÚó åõæó æóÅöíøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóáóÃö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóÊóäóÇÙóÑóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí: ÃóäúÊó ÂÏóãõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíßó ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÚóáøóãóßó ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò. æóåóßóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ áóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÍúÔóÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.(1/168)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì {æóáóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÕóæøóÑúäóÇßõãú Ëõãøó ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÌöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏó ÅöÐú ÃóãóÑúÊõßó ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑò æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 11]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 28 - 35] . ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó åóÐóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóáúÒóãó ÊóäóÞøõÕõåõ áöÂÏóãó æóÇÒúÏöÑóÇÄõåõ Èöåö(1/169)
æóÊóÑóÝøõÚõåõ Úóáóíúåö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöáöåöíøö¡ æóãõÚóÇäóÏóÉó ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí ÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÂÏóãó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö¡ æóÔóÑóÚó Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÐóÇÑö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÌúÏöí Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöÐóÇÑõåõ ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäú ÐóäúÈöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÞóÇáó ÃóÃóÓúÌõÏõ áöãóäú ÎóáóÞúÊó ØöíäðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÃóÑóÃóíúÊóßó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÑøóãúÊó Úóáóíøó áóÆöäú ÃóÎøóÑúÊóäö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö áóÃóÍúÊóäößóäøó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÇÐúåóÈú Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú ÝóÅöäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ÌóÒóÇÄõßõãú ÌóÒóÇÁð ãóæúÝõæÑðÇ - æóÇÓúÊóÝúÒöÒú ãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊó ãöäúåõãú ÈöÕóæúÊößó æóÃóÌúáöÈú Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÎóíúáößó æóÑóÌöáößó æóÔóÇÑößúåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúæóÇáö æóÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö æóÚöÏúåõãú æóãóÇ íóÚöÏõåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÛõÑõæÑðÇ - Åöäøó ÚöÈóÇÏöí áóíúÓó áóßó Úóáóíúåöãú ÓõáúØóÇäñ æóßóÝóì ÈöÑóÈøößó æóßöíáðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 61 - 65]
[ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 61 - 65] .
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúßóåúÝö: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóÝóÓóÞó Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö} [ÇáßåÝ: 50] . Ãóíú: ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö ÚóãúÏðÇ æóÚöäóÇÏðÇ æóÇÓúÊößúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäö ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóãúÑöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÎóÇäóåõ ØóÈúÚõåõ æóãóÇÏøóÊõåõ ÇáäøóÇÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈöíËóÉõ ÃóÍúæóÌó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó. æóßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: «ÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú äõæÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞóÊö ÇáúÌóÇäøõ ãöäú ãóÇÑöÌò ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ æóÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ ãöãøóÇ æõÕöÝó áóßõãú» .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: áóãú íóßõäú ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ØóÑúÝóÉó Úóíúäò ÞóØøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÔóåúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóæúÔóÈò: ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöäøö ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝúÓóÏõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÌõäúÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõãú¡ æóÃóÌúáóæúåõãú Åöáóì ÌóÒóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãöãøóäú ÃõÓöÑó ÝóÃóÎóÐõæåõ ãóÚóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóßóÇäó åõäóÇßó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃõãöÑóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ(1/170)
ãöäúåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÂÎóÑõæäó: ßóÇäó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÑóÆöíÓó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÈöÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÒóÇÒöíáó. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Úóäúåõ: ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ: æóßõäúíóÊõåõ ÃóÈõæ ßõÑúÏõæÓó. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóßóÇäó ãöäú Íóíøò ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: ÇáúÍöäøõ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÎõÒøóÇäó ÇáúÌöäóÇäö¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÝöåöãú¡ æóÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ÚöáúãðÇ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú Ãõæáöì ÇáúÃóÌúäöÍóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ ÝóãóÓóÎóåõ Çááøóåõ ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ ÑóÌöíãðÇ. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Õ: {ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßó áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöäøöí ÎóÇáöÞñ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäú Øöíäò - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊõåõ æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí ÝóÞóÚõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ßõáøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑó æóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó - ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó Ãóäú ÊóÓúÌõÏó áöãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÈöíóÏóíøó ÃóÓúÊóßúÈóÑúÊó Ãóãú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ãöäú äóÇÑò æóÎóáóÞúÊóåõ ãöäú Øöíäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÑóÌöíãñ - æóÅöäøó Úóáóíúßó áóÚúäóÊöí Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÝóÃóäúÙöÑúäöí Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóÅöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÙóÑöíäó - Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö - ÞóÇáó ÝóÈöÚöÒøóÊößó áóÃõÛúæöíóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóßó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÇáúÍóÞøó ÃóÞõæáõ - áóÃóãúáóÃóäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ãöäúßó æóãöãøóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó} [Õ: 71 - 85]
[Õ: 71 - 85] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: {ÞóÇáó ÝóÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúæóíúÊóäöí áóÃóÞúÚõÏóäøó áóåõãú ÕöÑóÇØóßó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãó Ëõãøó áóÂÊöíóäøóåõãú ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóíúÏöíåöãú æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåöãú æóÚóäú ÃóíúãóÇäöåöãú æóÚóäú ÔóãóÇÆöáöåöãú æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÏõ ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú ÔóÇßöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 16]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 16 - 17] . Ãóíú: ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÅöÛúæóÇÆößó ÅöíøóÇíó áóÃóÞúÚõÏóäøó áóåõãú ßõáøó ãóÑúÕóÏò¡ æóáöÂÊöíóäøóåõãú ãöäú ßõáøö ÌöåóÉò ãöäúåõãú. ÝóÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ¡ æóÇáÔøóÞöíøõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóÇÔöãõ Èúäõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÞöíáò åõæó(1/171)
ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÞöíáò ÇáËøóÞóÝöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóÚúÏö¡ Úóäú ÓóÈúÑóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÇßöåö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó íóÞúÚõÏõ áöÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÈöÃóØúÑõÞöåö» . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÅöÈúáöíÓó.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑöíäó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöÂÏóãó¡ Ãóåõãú ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¿ ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö Úõãõæãõ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåöãú ãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¿ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÝöíåö ÇäúÞöØóÇÚñ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö äóßóÇÑóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ÞóÏú ÑóÌøóÍóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑó ãöäó ÇáÓøöíóÇÞóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ: «æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóåõ ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ» . æóåóÐóÇ Úõãõæãñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÅöÈúáöíÓó: {ÝóÇåúÈöØú ãöäúåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 13] æóÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáúåõÈõæØö ãöäúåóÇ æóÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ãöäó ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö æóÇáúãóßóÇäóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÞóÏú äóÇáóåóÇ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóÊóÔóÈøõåöåö ÈöÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÓóáóÈó Ðóáößó ÈößöÈúÑöåö æóÍóÓóÏöåö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöÑóÈøöåö¡ ÝóÃõåúÈöØó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóÐúÁõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íóÓúßõäó åõæó æóÒóæúÌóÊõåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó æóßõáóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÛóÏðÇ ÍóíúËõ ÔöÆúÊõãóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÝóÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 35] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: {ÞóÇáó ÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ãóÐúÁõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ áóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóßó ãöäúåõãú áóÃóãúáóÃóäøó Ìóåóäøóãó ãöäúßõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó æóíóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÝóßõáóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÔöÆúÊõãóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÝóÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 18]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 18 - 19] .(1/172)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞõáúäóÇ áöáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöÂÏóãó ÝóÓóÌóÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÃóÈóì ÝóÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÚóÏõæøñ áóßó æóáöÒóæúÌößó ÝóáóÇ íõÎúÑöÌóäøóßõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÊóÔúÞóì Åöäøó áóßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÌõæÚó ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÑóì æóÃóäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÙúãóÃõ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÖúÍóì} [Øå: 116] . æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÏú ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö.
æóáóßöäú Íóßóì ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóäú äóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃõÎúÑöÌó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÃõÓúßöäó ÂÏóãõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÝóßóÇäó íóãúÔöí ÝöíåóÇ æóÍúÔðÇ¡ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÒóæúÌñ íóÓúßõäõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÝóäóÇãó äóæúãóÉð ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó æóÚöäúÏó ÑóÃúÓöåö ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÞóÇÚöÏóÉñ ÎóáóÞóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäú ÖöáúÚöåö¡ ÝóÓóÃóáóåóÇ ãóäú ÃóäúÊö¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ. ÞóÇáó: æóáöãóÇ ÎõáöÞúÊö¿ . ÞóÇáóÊú: áöÊóÓúßõäó Åöáóíøó. ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóäúÙõÑõæäó ãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãöäú Úöáúãöåö: ãóÇ ÇÓúãõåóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ. ÞóÇáó: ÍóæøóÇÁõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáöãó ßóÇäóÊú ÍóæøóÇÁó¿ ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÎõáöÞóÊú ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Íóíøò. æóÐóßóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÎõáöÞóÊú ãöäú ÖöáúÚöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóÑö ÇáúÃóíúÓóÑö æóåõæó äóÇÆöãñ¡ æóáóÃóãó ãóßóÇäóåõ áóÍúãðÇ. æóãöÕúÏóÇÞõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÎóáóÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ æóÈóËøó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóäöÓóÇÁð} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 1] . ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÌóÚóáó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ áöíóÓúßõäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÛóÔøóÇåóÇ ÍóãóáóÊú ÍóãúáðÇ ÎóÝöíÝðÇ ÝóãóÑøóÊú Èöåö} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 189] .(1/173)
ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÓóäóÊóßóáøóãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ãóíúÓóÑóÉó ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÇÓúÊóæúÕõæÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ÎõáöÞóÊú ãöäú ÖöáúÚò¡ æóÅöäøó ÃóÚúæóÌó ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáÖøöáúÚö ÃóÚúáóÇåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÐóåóÈúÊó ÊõÞöíãõåõ ßóÓóÑúÊóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóßúÊóåõ áóãú íóÒóáú ÃóÚúæóÌó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóæúÕõæÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÎóíúÑðÇ» . áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 19] . ÝóÞöíáó åöíó ÇáúßóÑúãõ. æóÑóæóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ æóÌóÚúÏóÉó Èúäö åõÈóíúÑóÉó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøö Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóäóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÇáó: æóÊóÒúÚõãõ íóåõæÏõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúÍöäúØóÉõ. æóåóÐóÇ ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóæóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò¡ æóÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ æóãõÍóÇÑöÈö Èúäö ÏöËóÇÑò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì. ÞóÇáó æóåúÈñ: æóÇáúÍóÈøóÉõ ãöäúåõ Ãóáúíóäõ ãöäó ÇáÒøóÈóÏö¡ æóÃóÍúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóÓóáö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÍõÕóíúäò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 19] . åöíó ÇáäøóÎúáóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò: åöíó ÇáÊøöíäóÉõ. æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ(1/174)
ÌõÑóíúÌò. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö: ßóÇäóÊú ÔóÌóÑóÉð ãóäú Ãóßóáó ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÍúÏóËó¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÍóÏóËñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÞóÑöíÈñ. æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúåóãó Çááøóåõ ÐößúÑóåóÇ æóÊóÚúíöíäóåóÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÐößúÑöåóÇ ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ ÊóÚõæÏõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ áóÚóíøóäóåóÇ áóäóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇáøö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÈúåóãõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃõÓúßöäóåóÇ ÂÏóãõ¡ åóáú åöíó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¿ åõæó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÈóÛöí ÝóÕúáõåõ æóÇáúÎõÑõæÌõ ãöäúåõ. æóÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ åöíó ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóåöíó ÌóäøóÉõ ÇáúãóÃúæóì¡ áöÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 35] . æóÇáúÃóáöÝõ æóÇááøóÇãõ áóíúÓóÊú áöáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóáóÇ áöãóÚúåõæÏò áóÝúÙöíøò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÚõæÏõ Úóáóì ãóÚúåõæÏò Ðöåúäöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöÑøõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ãöäú ÌóäøóÉö ÇáúãóÃúæóì¡ æóßóÞóæúáö ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: «ÚóáóÇãó ÃóÎúÑóÌúÊóäóÇ æóäóÝúÓóßó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö» . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö. æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÓóÚúÏõ Èúäõ ØóÇÑöÞò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÑöÈúÚöíøò¡ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó ÞóÇáóÇ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «íóÌúãóÚõ Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóíóÞõæãõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó Íöíäó ÊóÒúáõÝõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ ÝóíóÃúÊõæäó ÂÏóãó ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÇÓúÊóÝúÊöÍú áóäóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: æóåóáú ÃóÎúÑóÌóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÎóØöíÆóÉõ ÃóÈöíßõãú!» . æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÈöØõæáöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöíåö ÞõæøóÉñ ÌóíøöÏóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóäøóÉõ ÇáúãóÃúæóì¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÊóÎúáõæ Úóäú äóÙóÑò.(1/175)
æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó Èóáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃõÓúßöäóåóÇ ÂÏóãõ áóãú Êóßõäú ÌóäøóÉó ÇáúÎõáúÏö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßõáøöÝó ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÃúßõáó ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ äóÇãó ÝöíåóÇ æóÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõäóÇÝöí Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÌóäøóÉó ÇáúãóÃúæóì. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãóÍúßöíøñ¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóæóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò¡ æóÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó. æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ãõäúÐöÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÈóáøõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö¡ æóÃõÝúÑöÏó áóåõ ãõÕóäøóÝðÇ Úóáóì ÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÍóßóÇåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÑóÍöãóåõãõ Çááøóåõ. æóäóÞóáóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ ÇÈúäõ ÎóØöíÈö ÇáÑøóíøö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÈóáúÎöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøö. æóäóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÞõÑúØõÈöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó äóÕøõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöÃóíúÏöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóãöãøóäú Íóßóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÍóÒúãò Ýöí " Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö " æóÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÚóØöíøóÉó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚöíÓóì ÇáÑøõãøóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö.
æóÍóßóì Úóäö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáÑøóÇÛöÈõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃõÓúßöäóÇåóÇ íóÚúäöí ÂÏóãó æóÍóæøóÇÁó Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ; ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóäøóÉõ ÇáúÎõáúÏö. ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÌóäøóÉñ ÃóÚóÏøóåóÇ Çááøóåõ áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÏóÇÑó ÇÈúÊöáóÇÁò¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÌóäøóÉó ÇáúÎõáúÏö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÏóÇÑó ÌóÒóÇÁò. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ; ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóåúÈóØóåõãóÇ ãöäúåóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí:(1/176)
ÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ÇãúÊóÍóäóåõãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äóåóíóÇ ÚóäúåóÇ Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáËøöãóÇÑö. æóåóßóÐóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÃóãóÑó ÅöÈúáöíÓó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöÂÏóãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãõåõ.
ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÖóãøóäó ßóáóÇãõåõ ÍößóÇíóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò ËóáóÇËóÉò¡ æóÃóÔúÚóÑó ßóáóÇãõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ Íóßóì ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ åóÐöåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåóÇ ÇáúãóÇæóÑúÏöíøõ æóÑóÇÈöÚõåóÇ: ÇáúæóÞúÝõ. æóÑóÌøóÍó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÇáúÃóæøóáó. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÍóßóì ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóáóíúÓóÊú ÌóäøóÉó ÇáúãóÃúæóì Úóäú ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÓõÄóÇáðÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ ãöËúáõåõ Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÈò ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ØóÑóÏó ÅöÈúáöíÓó Íöíäó ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ÚóäúåóÇ æóÇáúåõÈõæØö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÈöÍóíúËõ íõãúßöäõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÃóãúÑñ ÞóÏóÑöíøñ áóÇ íõÎóÇáóÝõ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ãóÐúÁõæãðÇ ãóÏúÍõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 18] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÇåúÈöØú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÊóßóÈøóÑó ÝöíåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 13] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÑóÌöíãñ} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 34] . æóÇáÖøóãöíÑõ ÚóÇÆöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉö¡ æóÃóíøðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áóåõ Çáúßóæúäõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóßóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí ØõÑöÏó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöäúåõ áóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÑõæÑö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöíóÇÒö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóãóÚúáõæãñ ãöäú ÙóÇåöÑö ÓöíóÇÞóÇÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóäøóåõ æóÓúæóÓó(1/177)
áöÂÏóãó æóÎóÇØóÈóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö áóåõ: {åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßó Úóáóì ÔóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÏö æóãõáúßò áóÇ íóÈúáóì} [Øå: 120] . æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ãóÇ äóåóÇßõãóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóæú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÏöíäó æóÞóÇÓóãóåõãóÇ Åöäøöí áóßõãóÇ áóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó ÝóÏóáøóÇåõãóÇ ÈöÛõÑõæÑò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 20]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 20 21] . ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåö ãóÚóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÌóäøóÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃõÌöíÈõæÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÈöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÑõæÑö ÝöíåóÇ áóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ æóÓúæóÓó áóåõãóÇ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. æóÝöí ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóãöãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó Ýöí ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÇÊö Úóäú åõÏúÈóÉó Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏò¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚõÊóíøò åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÖóãúÑóÉó ÇáÓøóÚúÏöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÂÏóãó áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊõÖöÑó ÇÔúÊóåóì ÞöØúÝðÇ ãöäú ÚöäóÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó Èóäõæåõ áöíóØúáõÈõæåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóÞöíóÊúåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Ãóíúäó ÊõÑöíÏõæäó íóÇ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó¿ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÇÔúÊóåóì ÞöØúÝðÇ ãöäú ÚöäóÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõãú: ÇÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÝóÞóÏú ßõÝöíÊõãõæåõ ÝóÇäúÊóåóæúÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÈóÖõæÇ ÑõæÍóåõ¡ æóÛóÓøóáõæåõ¡ æóÍóäøóØõæåõ¡ æóßóÝøóäõæåõ¡ æóÕóáøóì Úóáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ æóÈóäõæåõ ÎóáúÝó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ æóÏóÝóäõæåõ. æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐöåö ÓõäøóÊõßõãú Ýöí ãóæúÊóÇßõãú. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈöÓóäóÏöåö¡ æóÊóãóÇãõ áóÝúÙöåö ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö æóÝóÇÉö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÇáúæõÕõæáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇáøóÊöí ÇÔúÊóåóì ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÞöØúÝõ ãõãúßöäðÇ áóãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóáöÝó æóÇááøóÇãó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóíóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÇÓúßõäú ÃóäúÊó æóÒóæúÌõßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 19] .(1/178)
áóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú ÚóåúÏñ íõÚõæÏõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóÚúåõæÏõ ÇáÐøöåúäöíøõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóáóßöäú åõæó ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÓöíóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÝóÅöäøó ÂÏóãó ÎõáöÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú Ãóäøóåõ ÑõÝöÚó Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. æóÎõáöÞó áöíóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíÝóÉð} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 30] .
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ÈóáóæúäóÇåõãú ßóãóÇ ÈóáóæúäóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö} [ÇáÞáã: 17] . ÝóÇáúÃóáöÝõ æóÇááøóÇãõ áóíúÓó áöáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóáóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú ãóÚúåõæÏñ áóÝúÙöíøñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó áöáúãóÚúåõæÏö ÇáÐøöåúäöíøö ÇáøóÐöí Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ æóåõæó ÇáúÈõÓúÊóÇäõ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÐößúÑõ ÇáúåõÈõæØö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáäøõÒõæáö ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þöíáó íóÇ äõæÍõ ÇåúÈöØú ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ æóÈóÑóßóÇÊò Úóáóíúßó æóÚóáóì Ãõãóãò ãöãøóäú ãóÚóßó} [åæÏ: 48] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúÌõæÏöíøö æóäóÖóÈó ÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóåúÈöØó ÅöáóíúåóÇ åõæó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóíúåöãú. æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ãöÕúÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøó áóßõãú ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊõãú} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 61] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó ãöäúåóÇ áóãóÇ íóåúÈöØõ ãöäú ÎóÔúíóÉö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 74] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇááøõÛóÉö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ßóËöíÑñ.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃõÓúßöäóåóÇ ÂÏóãõ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÑúÊóÝöÚóÉð Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÈöÞóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÐóÇÊö ÃóÔúÌóÇÑò¡ æóËöãóÇÑò¡ æóÙöáóÇáò¡ æóäóÚöíãò¡ æóäóÖúÑóÉò¡ æóÓõÑõæÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó áóßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÌõæÚó ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÑóì} [Øå: 118] . Ãóíú áóÇ íõÐóáøõ ÈóÇØöäõßó ÈöÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÙóÇåöÑõßó ÈöÇáúÚõÑúíö: {æóÃóäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÙúãóÃõ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÖúÍóì} [Øå: 119] . Ãóíú áóÇ íóãóÓøõ ÈóÇØöäóßó ÍóÑøõ ÇáÙøóãóÃö¡ æóáóÇ ÙóÇåöÑóßó ÍóÑøõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÑóäó Èóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóßúáöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äõåöíó ÚóäúåóÇ ÃõåúÈöØó(1/179)
Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ÇáÔøóÞóÇÁö¡ æóÇáÊøóÚóÈö¡ æóÇáäøóÕóÈö¡ æóÇáúßóÏóÑö¡ æóÇáÓøóÚúíö¡ æóÇáäøóßóÏö¡ æóÇáöÇÈúÊöáóÇÁö¡ æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäö¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøõßøóÇäö ; ÏöíäðÇ¡ æóÃóÎúáóÇÞðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúãóÇáðÇ¡ æóÞõÕõæÏðÇ¡ æóÅöÑóÇÏóÇÊò¡ æóÃóÞúæóÇáðÇ¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 36] . æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞõáúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö áöÈóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇÓúßõäõæÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó æóÚúÏõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÌöÆúäóÇ Èößõãú áóÝöíÝðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 104] . æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö.
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãõÝóÑøóÚðÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ãóäú íõäúßöÑõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö Çáúíóæúãó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóáóÇÒõãó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú Íõßöíó Úóäúåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö¡ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÎóáóÝö ãöãøóäú íõËúÈöÊõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö Çáúíóæúãó¡ ßóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÅöíÑóÇÏõåóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÒóáøóåõãóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÚóäúåóÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 36] . Ãóíú: Úóäö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö: {ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäóÇ Ýöíåö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 36] . Ãóíú: ãöäó ÇáäøóÚöíãö æóÇáäøóÖúÑóÉö æóÇáÓøõÑõæÑö Åöáóì ÏóÇÑö ÇáÊøóÚóÈö æóÇáúßóÏøö æóÇáäøóßóÏö¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöãóÇ æóÓúæóÓó áóåõãóÇ æóÒóíøóäóåõ Ýöí ÕõÏõæÑöåöãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóæóÓúæóÓó áóåõãóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ áöíõÈúÏöíó áóåõãóÇ ãóÇ æõæÑöíó ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöäú ÓóæúÂÊöåöãóÇ æóÞóÇáó ãóÇ äóåóÇßõãóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóæú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 20] . íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ äóåóÇßõãóÇ Úóäú Ãóßúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÊóßõæäóÇ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóæú ÊóßõæäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáöÏöíäó. Ãóíú: æóáóæú ÃóßóáúÊõãóÇ ãöäúåóÇ áóÕöÑúÊõãóÇ ßóÐóáößó: {æóÞóÇÓóãóåõãóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 21] . Ãóíú: ÍóáóÝó áóåõãóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó: {Åöäøöí áóßõãóÇ áóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 21] .(1/180)
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÝóæóÓúæóÓó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÞóÇáó íóÇÂÏóãõ åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßó Úóáóì ÔóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÏö æóãõáúßò áóÇ íóÈúáóì} [Øå: 120] . Ãóíú: åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÅöÐóÇ ÃóßóáúÊó ãöäúåóÇ ÍóÕóáó áóßó ÇáúÎõáúÏõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóäúÊó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÚöíãö¡ æóÇÓúÊóãúÑóÑúÊó Ýöí ãõáúßò áóÇ íóÈöíÏõ æóáóÇ íóäúÞóÖöí¿ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÛúÑöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÒúæöíÑö æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÔóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÏö} [Øå: 120] . ÇáøóÊöí ÅöÐóÇ ÃóßóáúÊó ãöäúåóÇ ÎóáøóÏúÊó.
æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ åöíó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ãóåúÏöíøò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÔóÌóÑóÉð íóÓöíÑõ ÇáÑøóÇßöÈõ Ýöí ÙöáøöåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ÚóÇãò áóÇ íóÞúØóÚõåóÇ ; ÔóÌóÑóÉõ ÇáúÎõáúÏö» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäú ÛõäúÏóÑò¡ æóÍóÌøóÇÌò¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö¡ Úóäú ÔõÚúÈóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ Èöåö.
ÞóÇáó ÛõäúÏóÑñ: ÞõáúÊõ áöÔõÚúÈóÉó: åöíó ÔóÌóÑóÉõ ÇáúÎõáúÏö. ÞóÇáó: áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ åöíó. ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÏóáøóÇåõãóÇ ÈöÛõÑõæÑò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóÇÞóÇ ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÈóÏóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÓóæúÂÊõåõãóÇ æóØóÝöÞóÇ íóÎúÕöÝóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 22] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí Øå: {ÝóÃóßóáóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÈóÏóÊú áóåõãóÇ ÓóæúÂÊõåõãóÇ æóØóÝöÞóÇ íóÎúÕöÝóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö} [Øå: 121] . æóßóÇäóÊú ÍóæøóÇÁõ ÃóßóáóÊú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÞóÈöáó ÂÏóãó¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÏóÊúåõ Úóáóì ÃóßúáöåóÇ¡(1/181)
æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÚóáóíúåö íõÍúãóáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóæúáóÇ Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó áóãú íóÎúäóÒö ÇááøóÍúãõ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÍóæøóÇÁõ áóãú ÊóÎõäú ÃõäúËóì ÒóæúÌóåóÇ» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú åóÇÑõæäó Èúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÍóÇÑöËò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó.
æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöí Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí Ïóáøó ÍóæøóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúáö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö åöíó ÇáúÍóíøóÉõ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãöäú ÃóÍúÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúßóÇáö¡ æóÃóÚúÙóãöåóÇ ÝóÃóßóáóÊú ÍóæøóÇÁõ Úóäú ÞóæúáöåóÇ¡ æóÃóØúÚóãóÊú ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÐößúÑñ áöÅöÈúáöíÓó¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÇäúÝóÊóÍóÊú ÃóÚúíõäõåõãóÇ¡ æóÚóáöãóÇ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÚõÑúíóÇäóÇäö ÝóæóÕóáóÇ ãöäú¡ æóÑóÞö ÇáÊøöíäö¡ æóÚóãöáóÇ ãóÂÒöÑó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ ÚõÑúíóÇäóíúäö¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó æóåúÈõ Èúäõ ãõäóÈøöåò ßóÇäó áöÈóÇÓõåõãóÇ äõæÑðÇ Úóáóì ÝóÑúÌöåö æóÝóÑúÌöåóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãú ÛóáóØñ ãöäúåõãú æóÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóÎóØóÃñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó äóÞúáó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãöäú áõÛóÉò Åöáóì áõÛóÉò áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÊóíóÓøóÑõ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ(1/182)
ãöãøóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÌóíøöÏðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÍöíØõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÈöÝóåúãö ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÈöåöãú áóåóÇ ÎóØóÃñ ßóËöíÑñ áóÝúÙðÇ æóãóÚúäóì¡ æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ áöÈóÇÓñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóäúÒöÚõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ áöÈóÇÓóåõãóÇ áöíõÑöíóåõãóÇ ÓóæúÂÊöåöãóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 27] . ÝóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäõ ÅöÔúßóÇÈò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó ÑóÌõáðÇ ØöæóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑó ÔóÚúÑö ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ßóÃóäøóåõ äóÎúáóÉñ ÓóÍõæÞñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóÇÞó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉó ÓóÞóØó Úóäúåõ áöÈóÇÓõåõ¡ ÝóÃóæøóáõ ãóÇ ÈóÏóÇ ãöäúåõ ÚóæúÑóÊõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÚóæúÑóÊöåö ÌóÚóáó íóÔúÊóÏøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊú ÔóÚúÑóåõ ÔóÌóÑóÉñ ÝóäóÇÒóÚóåóÇ¡ ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ãöäøöí ÊóÝöÑøõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚó ßóáóÇãó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö áóÇ¡ æóáóßöäö ÇÓúÊöÍúíóÇÁð» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: {æóØóÝöÞóÇ íóÎúÕöÝóÇäö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 22] . ÞóÇáó: æóÑóÞö ÇáÊøöíäö. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÂíóÉö íóÞúÊóÖöí ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÓúáöíãöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö(1/183)
Èúäö ÐóßúæóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇßõãú ÂÏóãó ßóÇäó ßóÇáäøóÎúáóÉö ÇáÓøóÍõæÞö ÓöÊøöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ ßóËöíÑó ÇáÔøóÚúÑö¡ ãõæóÇÑóì ÇáúÚóæúÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÈóÏóÊú áóåõ ÓóæúÁóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóáóÞöíóÊúåõ ÔóÌóÑóÉñ ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊú ÈöäóÇÕöíóÊöåö¡ ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ: ÃóÝöÑóÇÑðÇ ãöäøöí íóÇ ÂÏóãõ. ÞóÇáó: Èóáú ÍóíóÇÁð ãöäúßó æóÇááøóåö íóÇ ÑóÈøö ãöãøóÇ ÌöÆúÊõ Èöåö» . Ëõãøó ÑóæóÇåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÚõÊóíøö Èúäö ÖóãúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÕóÍøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó áóãú íõÏúÑößú ÃõÈóíøðÇ. Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÎóíúËóãóÉó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáØøóÑóÇÈõáúÓöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÞöÑúÕóÇÝóÉó ÇáúÚóÓúÞóáóÇäöíøö¡ Úóäú ÂÏóãó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÅöíóÇÓò¡ Úóäú ÔóíúÈóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ÈöäóÍúæöåö.
{æóäóÇÏóÇåõãóÇ ÑóÈøõåõãóÇ Ãóáóãú ÃóäúåóßõãóÇ Úóäú ÊöáúßõãóÇ ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö æóÃóÞõáú áóßõãóÇ Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áóßõãóÇ ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÈöíäñ ÞóÇáóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÙóáóãúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ æóÊóÑúÍóãúäóÇ áóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 22]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 22 - 23] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝñ¡ æóÑõÌõæÚñ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÊóÐóáøõáñ æóÎõÖõæÚñ¡ æóÇÓúÊößóÇäóÉñ æóÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑñ Åöáóíúåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÇåöäóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöÑøõ ãóÇ ÓóÑóì Ýöí ÃóÍóÏò ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇÞöÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÎóíúÑò Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõ æóÃõÎúÑóÇåõ.
{ÞóÇáó ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 24] . æóåóÐóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ áöÂÏóãó æóÍóæøóÇÁó æóÅöÈúáöíÓó.(1/184)
Þöíáó: æóÇáúÍóíøóÉõ ãóÚóåõãú. ÃõãöÑõæÇ Ãóäú íóåúÈöØõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ßóæúäöåöãú ãõÊóÚóÇÏöíäó ãõÊóÍóÇÑöÈöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú íõÓúÊóÔúåóÏõ áöÐößúÑö ÇáúÍóíøóÉö ãóÚóåõãóÇ ÈöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúÍóíøóÇÊö. æóÞóÇáó «ãóÇ ÓóÇáóãúäóÇåõäøó ãõäúÐõ ÍóÇÑóÈúäóÇåõäøó» .
æóÞóæúáõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Øå: {ÞóÇáó ÇåúÈöØóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ} [Øå: 123] . åõæó ÃóãúÑñ áöÂÏóãó æóÅöÈúáöíÓó æóãóÇ ÊóäóÇÓóáó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÚóÏóÇæóÉñ ãõÓúÊóãöÑøóÉñ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÊúÈóÚó ÂÏóãó ÍóæøóÇÁõ¡ æóÅöÈúáöíÓó ÇáúÍóíøóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÃóãúÑñ áóåõãú ÈöÕöíÛóÉö ÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉö. ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÅöÐú íóÍúßõãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúËö ÅöÐú äóÝóÔóÊú Ýöíåö Ûóäóãõ ÇáúÞóæúãö æóßõäøóÇ áöÍõßúãöåöãú ÔóÇåöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 78] . æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ áóÇ íóÍúßõãõ ÅöáøóÇ Èóíúäó ÇËúäóíúäö ãõÏøóÚò æóãõÏøóÚóì Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: æóßõäøóÇ áöÍõßúãöåöãú ÔóÇåöÏöíäó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóßúÑöíÑõåõ ÇáúÅöåúÈóÇØó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞõáúäóÇ ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò - ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ - ÞõáúäóÇ ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ íóÃúÊöíóäøóßõãú ãöäøöí åõÏðì Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚó åõÏóÇíó ÝóáóÇ ÎóæúÝñ Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ åõãú íóÍúÒóäõæäó - æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ æóßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÃõæáóÆößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáäøóÇÑö åõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÎóÇáöÏõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 36 - 39]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 36 39] . ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÅöåúÈóÇØö(1/185)
ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáúåõÈõæØõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÈöÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóåóÐóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ áöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö: {æóÞõáúäóÇ ÇåúÈöØõæÇ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú áöÈóÚúÖò ÚóÏõæøñ æóáóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøñ æóãóÊóÇÚñ Åöáóì Íöíäò} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 36] . ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃõåúÈöØõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÇáúÅöåúÈóÇØö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÑøóÑóåõ áóÝúÙðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóäóÇØó ãóÚó ßõáøö ãóÑøóÉò ÍõßúãðÇ ; ÝóäóÇØó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö: ÚóÏóÇæóÊóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÈöÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØó Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÈöÚó åõÏóÇåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõäóÒøöáõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáÓøóÚöíÏõ¡ æóãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýóåõæó ÇáÔøóÞöíøõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÃõÓúáõæÈõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö áóåõ äóÙóÇÆöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúÍóßöíãö.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ãóáóßóíúäö Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóÇ ÂÏóãó æóÍóæøóÇÁó ãöäú ÌöæóÇÑöåö¡ ÝóäóÒóÚó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÇáÊøóÇÌó Úóäú ÑóÃúÓöåö¡ æóÍóáøó ãöíßóÇÆöíáõ ÇáúÅößúáöíáó Úóäú ÌóÈöíäöåö¡ æóÊóÚóáøóÞó Èöåö ÛõÕúäñ ÝóÙóäøó ÂÏóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÚõæÌöáó ÈöÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö ÝóäóßøóÓó ÑóÃúÓóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÚóÝúæó ÇáúÚóÝúæó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ: ÝöÑóÇÑðÇ ãöäøöí íóÇ ÂÏóãõ. ÞóÇáó: Èóáú ÍóíóÇÁð ãöäúßó íóÇ ÓóíøöÏöí. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÍóÓøóÇäó åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚóØöíøóÉó: ãóßóËó ÂÏóãõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãöÇÆóÉó ÚóÇãò¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÓöÊøöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÈóßóì Úóáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÎóØöíÆóÊöåö ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì æóáóÏöåö Íöíäó ÞõÊöáó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÃõåúÈöØó ÂÏóãõ(1/186)
Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖò íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ ÏóÍúäóÇ Èóíúäó ãóßøóÉó æóÇáØøóÇÆöÝö. æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó: ÃõåúÈöØó ÂÏóãõ ÈöÇáúåöäúÏö¡ æóÍóæøóÇÁõ ÈöÌõÏøóÉó¡ æóÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÈöÏóÓúÊöãóíúÓóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÃóãúíóÇáò¡ æóÃõåúÈöØóÊö ÇáúÍóíøóÉõ ÈöÃóÕúÈóåóÇäó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: äóÒóáó ÂÏóãõ ÈöÇáúåöäúÏö¡ æóäóÒóáó ãóÚóåõ ÈöÇáúÍóÌóÑö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÈöÞóÈúÖóÉò ãöäú æóÑóÞö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÈóËøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúåöäúÏö ÝóäóÈóÊóÊú ÔóÌóÑóÉõ ÇáØøöíÈö åõäóÇßó. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÃõåúÈöØó ÂÏóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóÝóÇ¡ æóÍóæøóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúãóÑúæóÉö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö: ÞóÇáó ãóÚúãóÑñ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóæúÝñ¡ Úóäú ÞóÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÒõåóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó Íöíäó ÃóåúÈóØó ÂÏóãó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Úóáøóãóåõ ÕóäúÚóÉó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÒóæøóÏóåõ ãöäú ËöãóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóËöãóÇÑõßõãú åóÐöåö ãöäú ËöãóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÊóÊóÛóíøóÑõ¡ æóÊöáúßó áóÇ ÊóÊóÛóíøóÑõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÈóÇáõæóíúåö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÇáäøóÖúÑö¡ Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ãóÇ ÃõÓúßöäó ÂÏóãõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Åöáóì ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ.
æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí(1/187)
åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÎóíúÑõ íóæúãò ØóáóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ; Ýöíåö ÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÃõÏúÎöáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÝöíåö ÃõÎúÑöÌó ãöäúåóÇ» . æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó: «æóÝöíåö ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÕúÚóÈò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÝóÑøõæÎó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÎóíúÑõ íóæúãò ØóáóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ; Ýöíåö ÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÃõÏúÎöáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÝöíåö ÃõÎúÑöÌó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÝöíåö ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ» . æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáúÈóÛóæöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúæóÑúßóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóíúÓóÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «åóÈóØó ÂÏóãõ æóÍóæøóÇÁõ ÚõÑúíóÇäóíúäö ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ æóÑóÞõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÍóÑøõ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÚóÏó íóÈúßöí¡ æóíóÞõæáõ áóåóÇ: íóÇ ÍóæøóÇÁõ ÞóÏú ÃóÐóÇäöí ÇáúÍóÑøõ " ÞóÇáó: " ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöÞõØúäò¡ æóÃóãóÑóåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÛúÒöáó¡ æóÚóáøóãóåóÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÂÏóãó ÈöÇáúÍöíóÇßóÉö¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ Ãóäú íóäúÓöÌó. æóÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÂÏóãõ áóãú íõÌóÇãöÚö ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÍóÊøóì åóÈóØó ãöäúåóÇ áöáúÎóØöíÆóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÕóÇÈóÊúåõãóÇ ÈöÃóßúáöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö " ÞóÇáó: " æóßóÇäó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ íóäóÇãõ Úóáóì ÍöÏóÉò íóäóÇãõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóØúÍóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóÇåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó Ãóåúáóåõ " ÞóÇáó: " æóÚóáøóãóåõ ßóíúÝó íóÃúÊöíåóÇ¡ ÝóáöãóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßóíúÝó æóÌóÏúÊó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÕóÇáöÍóÉð» . ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÑóÝúÚõåõ ãõäúßóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÓøóáóÝö. æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ãóíúÓóÑóÉó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ. ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ:(1/188)
ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: íóÑúæöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò: ãõÙúáöãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 37] . Þöíáó: åöíó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÙóáóãúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ æóÊóÑúÍóãúäóÇ áóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 23] . Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ãóÚúÏóÇäó¡ æóÚóØóÇÁò ÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö Èúäõ ÅöÔúßóÇÈò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊó íóÇ ÑóÈøö Åöäú ÊõÈúÊõ æóÑóÌóÚúÊõ ÃóÚóÇÆöÏöí Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú» . ÝóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 37] . æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÇäúÞöØóÇÚñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò: Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ÞóÇáó: ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊõ: Çááøóåõãøó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó æóÈöÍóãúÏößó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí Åöäøóßó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ Çááøóåõãøó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó æóÈöÍóãúÏößó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí Åöäøóßó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó¡ Çááøóåõãøó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó æóÈöÍóãúÏößó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÊõÈú Úóáóíøó Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ. æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí(1/189)
ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÝóÊóáóÞøóì ÂÏóãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ßóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó: ÂÏóãõ íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ãóáóãú ÊóÎúáõÞúäöí ÈöíóÏößó. Þöíáó áóåõ: Èóáóì. æóäóÝóÎúÊó Ýöíøó ãóäú ÑõæÍößó. Þöíáó áóåõ: Èóáóì. æóÚóØóÓúÊõ¡ ÝóÞõáúÊó: íóÑúÍóãõßó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÓóÈóÞóÊú ÑóÍúãóÊõßó ÛóÖóÈóßó. Þöíáó áóåõ: Èóáóì. æóßóÊóÈúÊó Úóáóíøó Ãóäú ÃóÚúãóáó åóÐóÇ. Þöíáó áóåõ: Èóáóì. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊó Åöäú ÊõÈúÊõ åóáú ÃóäúÊó ÑóÇÌöÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¿ . ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóãøóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóÝó ÂÏóãõ ÇáúÎóØöíÆóÉó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÈöÍóÞøö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÅöáøóÇ ÛóÝóÑúÊó áöí. ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: ÝóßóíúÝó ÚóÑóÝúÊó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ æóáóãú ÃóÎúáõÞúåõ ÈóÚúÏõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö áöÃóäøóßó áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊóäöí ÈöíóÏößó¡ æóäóÝóÎúÊó Ýöíøó ãóäú ÑõæÍößó ÑóÝóÚúÊõ ÑóÃúÓöí ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ Úóáóì ÞóæóÇÆöãö ÇáúÚóÑúÔö ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö. ÝóÚóáöãúÊõ Ãóäøóßó áóãú ÊõÖöÝú Åöáóì ÇÓúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍóÈøó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúßó. ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: ÕóÏóÞúÊó íóÇ ÂÏóãõ Åöäøóåõ áóÃóÍóÈøõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíøó¡ æóÅöÐú ÓóÃóáúÊóäöí ÈöÍóÞøöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑúÊõ áóßó¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ ãóÇ ÎóáóÞúÊõßó» . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÚóÕóì ÂÏóãõ ÑóÈøóåõ ÝóÛóæóì Ëõãøó ÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÝóÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö æóåóÏóì} [Øå: 121]
[Øå: 21 22] .(1/190)
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æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ßóÇãöáò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó(1/191)
ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ãõæÓóì: ÃóäúÊó ÂÏóãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌóÊúßó ÎóØöíÆóÊõßó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö! ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: æóÃóäúÊó ãõæÓóì ÇáøóÐöí ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö æóÈößóáóÇãöåö! Êóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞõÏøöÑó Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÃõÎúáóÞó! ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . ãóÑøóÊóíúäö ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãõæÓóì íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíßó ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö ÃóÛúæóíúÊó ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö! ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: æóÃóäúÊó ãõæÓóì ÇáøóÐöí ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈößóáóÇãöåö! Êóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì Úóãóáò ÃóÚúãóáõåõ ßóÊóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó! ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ÌóãöíÚðÇ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ Úóäú ãõÚúÊóãöÑö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò. ÞõáúÊõ: åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö¡(1/192)
Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõËóäøóì¡ Úóäú ãõÚóÇÐö Èúäö ÃóÓóÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÝóáøóÇÓõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóæú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. ÝóÐóßóÑó äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÓóãöÚó ØóÇæõÓðÇ¡ ÓóãöÚó ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì ÝóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÈõæäóÇ ÎóíøóÈúÊóäóÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈößóáóÇãöåö!» . æóÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð «ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóÎóØøó áóßó ÈöíóÏöåö! ÃóÊóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóäöí ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð!» . ÞóÇáó: «ÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÞóÇáó: ÍóÝöÙúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ØóÇæõÓò ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì ÝóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÊó ÃóÈõæäóÇ ÎóíøóÈúÊóäóÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈößóáóÇãöåö æóÎóØøó áóßó ÈöíóÏöåö! ÃóÊóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóäöí ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð! ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . åóßóÐóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöËúáóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÈúäó ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÚóÔúÑö ØõÑõÞò¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ØóÇæõÓò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú(1/193)
ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóÞöíó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÂÏóãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÓúßóäóßó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÚóáúÊó! ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ãõæÓóì ÇáøóÐöí ßóáøóãóßó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇÕúØóÝóÇßó ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúßó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó! ÃóäóÇ ÃóÞúÏóãõ Ãóãö ÇáÐøößúÑõ¿ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ Èóáö ÇáÐøößúÑõ. ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÍõãóíúÏñ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ÞóÇáó: ÍóãøóÇÏñ ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÌõäúÏóÈó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóÞöíó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . ÝóÐóßóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏò åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÞöíó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÂÏóãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóÃóÓúßóäóßó ÌóäøóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóäóÚúÊó ãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊó! ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ßóáøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: Ýóåóáú ÊóÌöÏõåõ ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ Úóáóíøó ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÃõÎúáóÞó¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó¡ æóåöÔóÇãò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó(1/194)
ÑóÝóÚóåõ.
æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöÏò¡ æóåöÔóÇãò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØöåöãóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúæõÌõæåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ÚöíóÇÖò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÐõÈóÇÈò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì ; ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßó Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíßó ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÓúßóäóßó ÌóäøóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóåúÈóØúÊó ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÎóØöíÆóÊößó! ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: ÃóäúÊó ãõæÓóì ÇáøóÐöí ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö æóßóáóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇßó ÇáúÃóáúæóÇÍó ÝöíåóÇ ÊöÈúíóÇäõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÞóÑøóÈóßó äóÌöíøðÇ ÝóÈößóãú æóÌóÏúÊó Çááøóåó ßóÊóÈó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó¿ ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì: ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: Ýóåóáú æóÌóÏúÊó ÝöíåóÇ " æóÚóÕóì ÂÏóãõ ÑóÈøóåõ ÝóÛóæóì " ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÊóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì Ãóäú ÚóãöáúÊõ ÚóãóáðÇ ßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó Ãóäú ÃóÚúãóáóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóäöí ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð! ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ: æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ åõÑúãõÒó ÈöÐóáößó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ÚöíóÇÖò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÐõÈóÇÈò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì¡(1/195)
ÝóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöÂÏóãó: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÏúÎóáúÊó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóßó ÇáäøóÇÑó! ÝóÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇÕúØóÝóÇßó Çááøóåõ ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö æóÈößóáóÇãöåö¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúßó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó¡ Ýóåóáú æóÌóÏúÊó Ãóäøöí ÃóåúÈöØõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍóÌøóåõ ÂÏóãõ» . æóåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØöåöãóÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö: " ÃóÏúÎóáúÊó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóßó ÇáäøóÇÑó " äóßóÇÑóÉñ.
ÝóåóÐöåö ØõÑõÞõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. ÑóæóÇåõ Úóäúåõ ÍõãóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÐóßúæóÇäõ ÃóÈõæ ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáÓøóãøóÇäõ¡ æóØóÇæõÓõ Èúäõ ßóíúÓóÇäó¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ åõÑúãõÒó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌõ¡ æóÚóãøóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó¡ æóåóãøóÇãõ Èúäõ ãõäóÈøöåò¡ æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åõÑúãõÒó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö.
æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ãöÓúßöíäò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÃóÑöäóÇ ÂÏóãó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÑóÌóäóÇ æóäóÝúÓóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÃóÑóÇåõ ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÂÏóãõ! ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí äóÝóÎó Çááøóåõ Ýöíßó ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÚóáøóãóßó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ! ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇ Íóãóáóßó Úóáóì Ãóäú ÃóÎúÑóÌúÊóäóÇ¡ æóäóÝúÓóßó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: ãóäú ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ãõæÓóì. ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ãõæÓóì äóÈöíøõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ßóáøóãóßó Çááøóåõ ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö Ýóáóãú íóÌúÚóáú Èóíúäóßó æóÈóíúäóåõ ÑóÓõæáðÇ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö! ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: Êóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ Èöåö ÞóÈúáõ! ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍò ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Èöåö ÞóÇáó(1/196)
ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì: æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÇáÕøóÈøóÇÍö ÇáúãöÓúãóÚöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚöãúÑóÇäõ¡ Úóäö ÇáÑøõÏóíúäöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãöÌúáóÒò¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö íóÚúãõÑó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÃóßúËóÑõ Ùóäøöí Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÝóÚóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúÊóÞóì ÂÏóãõ æóãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöÂÏóãó: ÃóäúÊó ÃóÈõæ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÓúßóäóßó Çááøóåõ ÌóäøóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóßó ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ! ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóãóÇ ÊóÌöÏõåõ Úóáóíøó ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ! ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ãõæÓóì áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò. æóÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍúãóÏó áóåõ ; Úóäú ÚóÝøóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò. ÞóÇáó ÍóãøóÇÏñ: ÃóÙõäøõåõ ÌõäúÏõÈó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÞöíó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . ÝóÐóßóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ãóÓóÇáößõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ; ÝóÑóÏøóåõ Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö áöãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäó ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö. æóÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö Þóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ áóåõãú ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö ; ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: «ÝóÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì» . áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ßöÊóÇÈöåö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ¡ Úóäú åóÐóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÌøóåõ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇãóåõ Úóáóì ÐóäúÈò ÞóÏú ÊóÇÈó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÇÆöÈõ ãöäó ÇáÐøóäúÈö ßóãóäú áóÇ ÐóäúÈó áóåõ. æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÌøóåõ áöÃóäøóåõ(1/197)
ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäúåõ æóÃóÞúÏóãõ. æóÞöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÈõæåõ. æóÞöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÔóÑöíÚóÊóíúäö ãõÊóÛóÇíöÑóÊóíúäö. æóÞöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÑúÒóÎö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÞóØóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõæäóåõ.
æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞõ: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Ñõæöíó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ßóËöíÑóÉò ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ãóÑúæöíøñ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóãóÏóÇÑõ ãõÚúÙóãöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇãóåõ Úóáóì ÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö äóÝúÓóåõ æóÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: ÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃõÎúÑöÌúßõãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÎúÑóÌóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÊøóÈó ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌó Úóáóì Ãóßúáöí ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÑóÊøóÈó Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏøóÑóåõ æóßóÊóÈóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÃõÎúáóÞó åõæó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóÃóäúÊó Êóáõæãõäöí Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò áóíúÓó áóåõ äöÓúÈóÉñ Åöáóíøó ÃóßúËóÑó ãóÇ Ãóäøöí äõåöíÊõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóßúáö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÝóÃóßóáúÊõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ãõÊóÑóÊøöÈðÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöí¡ ÝóÃóäóÇ áóãú ÃõÎúÑöÌúßõãú æóáóÇ äóÝúÓöí ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÞóÏóÑö Çááøóåö æóÕõäúÚöåö¡ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÍóÌøó ÂÏóãõ ãõæÓóì.
æóãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóãõÚóÇäöÏñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑñ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóäóÇåöíßó Èöåö ÚóÏóÇáóÉð æóÍöÝúÙðÇ æóÅöÊúÞóÇäðÇ¡ Ëõãøó åõæó ãóÑúæöíøñ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ. æóãóäú ÊóÃóæøóáóåõ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÂäöÝðÇ Ýóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóãóÇ Ýöíåöãú ãóäú åõæó ÃóÞúæóì ãóÓúáóßðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö. æóÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ äóÙóÑñ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ; ÃóÍóÏõåóÇ: Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóÇ íóáõæãõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏú ÊóÇÈó ãöäúåõ ÝóÇÚöáõåõ. ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÞóÊóáó äóÝúÓðÇ áóãú íõÄúãóÑú ÈöÞóÊúáöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 16] . ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö Çááøóæúãö Úóáóì ÇáÐøóäúÈö ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ßöÊóÇÈóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áóÇäúÝóÊóÍó åóÐóÇ áößõáøö ãóäú áöíãó Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ¡ ÝóíóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡(1/198)
ÝóíóäúÓóÏøõ ÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö æóÇáúÍõÏõæÏö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÏóÑõ ÍõÌøóÉð áóÇÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò Úóáóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÑúÊóßóÈóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö æóÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì áóæóÇÒöãó ÝóÙöíÚóÉò. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÃóäøó ÌóæóÇÈó ÂÏóãó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÏóÑö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÕöíÈóÉö áóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö. æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓúÈöí æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ.(1/199)
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æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÎõÒóíúãóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔøóÇÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÕóÝúæóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚöíÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÐõÈóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõæÍó ÚóØóÓó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö. ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ: íóÑúÍóãõßó ÑóÈøõßó íóÇ ÂÏóãõ¡ ÇÐúåóÈú Åöáóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Åöáóì ãóáóÃò ãöäúåõãú ÌõáõæÓò ÝóÓóáøöãú Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÚóáóíúßõãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÊóÍöíøóÊõßó æóÊóÍöíøóÉõ Èóäöíßó Èóíúäóåõãú. æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ æóíóÏóÇåõ ãóÞúÈõæÖóÊóÇäö: ÇÎúÊóÑú ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ íóãöíäó ÑóÈøöí¡ æóßöáúÊóÇ íóÏóíú ÑóÈøöí íóãöíäñ ãõÈóÇÑóßóÉñ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÓóØóåõãóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÂÏóãõ æóÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ãóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö ÐóÑøöíøóÊõßó. æóÅöÐóÇ ßóáøõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò ãöäúåõãú ãóßúÊõæÈñ ÚõãõÑõåõ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáñ ÃóÖúæóÄõåõãú Ãóæú ãöäú ÃóÖúæóÆöåöãú áóãú íõßúÊóÈú áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ãóÇ åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõßó ÏóÇæõÏõ. æóÞóÏú ßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÚõãõÑóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ÒöÏú Ýöí ÚõãõÑöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ÇáøóÐöí ßõÊöÈó(1/204)
áóåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúÊõ áóåõ ãöäú ÚõãõÑöí ÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó æóÐóÇßó¡ ÇÓúßõäö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó. ÝóÓóßóäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó åóÈóØó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÂÏóãõ íóÚõÏøõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÂÏóãõ: ÞóÏú ÚóÌöáúÊó ÞóÏú ßõÊöÈó áöí ÃóáúÝõ ÓóäóÉò. ÞóÇáó: Èóáóì¡ æóáóßöäøóßó ÌóÚóáúÊó áöÇÈúäößó ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäúåóÇ ÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÝóÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ ÝóÌóÍóÏóÊú ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ¡ æóäóÓöíó ÝóäóÓöíóÊú ÐóÑøöíøóÊõåõ¡ ÝóíóæúãóÆöÐò ÃõãöÑó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÔøõåõæÏö.» åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Èúäõ ÍõãóíúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó ãóÓóÍó ÙóåúÑóåõ ÝóÓóÞóØó ãöäú ÙóåúÑöåö ßõáøõ äóÓóãóÉò åõæó ÎóÇáöÞõåóÇ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÌóÚóáó Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíú ßõáøö ÅöäúÓóÇäò ãöäúåõãú æóÈöíÕðÇ ãöäú äõæÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÂÏóãó ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ãóäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö ÐõÑøöíøóÊõßó. ÝóÑóÃóì ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú ÝóÃóÚúÌóÈóåõ æóÈöíÕó ãóÇ Èóíúäó Úóíúäóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃõãóãö ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊößó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÏóÇæõÏõ. ÞóÇáó: ÑóÈøö æóßóãú ÌóÚóáúÊó ÚõãõÑóåõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÓöÊøöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ÒöÏúåõ ãöäú ÚõãõÑöí ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúÞóÖóì ÚõãõÑõ ÂÏóãó ÌóÇÁóåõ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæóáóãó íóÈúÞó ãöäú ÚõãõÑöí ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð¿ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæóáóãó ÊõÚúØöåóÇ ÇÈúäóßó ÏóÇæõÏó! ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÍóÏó ÝóÌóÍóÏóÊú ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ¡ æóäóÓöíó ÂÏóãõ ÝóäóÓöíóÊú ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ¡ æóÎóØöÆó ÂÏóãõ ÝóÎóØöÆóÊú ÐõÑøöíøóÊõåõ.» Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí äõÚóíúãò ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö Ïõßóíúäò. æóÞóÇáó ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö(1/205)
ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ¡ æóÝöíåö: «Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÂÏóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÐóÑøöíøóÊõßó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÃóÌúÐóãõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÈúÑóÕõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúãóì¡ æóÃóäúæóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö áöãó ÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÈöÐóÑøöíøóÊöí. ÞóÇáó: ßóíú ÊóÔúßõÑó äöÚúãóÊöí» . Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÞöÕøóÉó ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÓóÊóÃúÊöí ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúåóíúËóãõ Èúäõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóíúÓóÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó Íöíäó ÎóáóÞóåõ ÝóÖóÑóÈó ßóÊöÝóåõ Çáúíõãúäóì ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÐõÑøöíøóÉð ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ßóÃóäøóåõãõ ÇáÏøõÑøõ¡ æóÖóÑóÈó ßóÊöÝóåõ ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÐõÑøöíøóÉð ÓóæúÏóÇÁó ßóÃóäøóåõãõ ÇáúÍõãóãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöáøóÐöí Ýöí íóãöíäöåö: Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóáóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí. æóÞóÇáó áöáøóÐöí Ýöí ßóÊöÝöåö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì: Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö æóáóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí» .
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÎóáóÝõ Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÍóßóãõ Èúäõ ÓöäóÇäò¡ Úóäú ÍóæúÔóÈò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó: ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó Íöíäó ÎóáóÞóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ãöäú ÕóÝúÍóÊöåö Çáúíõãúäóì¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌó Ãóåúáó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãöäú ÕóÝúÍóÊöåö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì¡ ÝóÃõáúÞõæÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÃóÚúãóì¡ æóÇáúÃóÕóãøõ¡ æóÇáúãõÈúÊóáóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÃóáóÇ ÓóæøóíúÊó Èóíúäó æóáóÏöí. ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÔúßóÑó. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöäóÍúæöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö(1/206)
ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÂÏóãó æóØõæáõåõ ÓöÊøõæäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÓóáøöãú Úóáóì ÃõæáóÆößó ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóãöÚú ãóÇ íõÍóíøõæäóßó ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÍöíøóÊõßó æóÊóÍöíøóÉõ ÐóÑøöíøóÊößó ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßõãú. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúßó æóÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÒóÇÏõæåõ " æóÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö " Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó Úóáóì ÕõæÑóÉö ÂÏóãó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÒóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ íóäúÞõÕõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÂäó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÌóÚúÝóÑò¡ æóãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÑóÇÝöÚò ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÑóæúÍñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó Øõæáõ ÂÏóãó ÓöÊøöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ Ýöí ÓóÈúÚö ÃóÐúÑõÚò ÚóÑúÖðÇ» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäö «ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáÏøóíúäö ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ¡ Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ¡ Åöäö Çááøóåó áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó æóãóÓóÍó ÙóåúÑóåõ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÐóÇÑöÆñ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÚúÑöÖõ ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÑóÃóì Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÒúåóÑõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÇÈúäõßó ÏóÇæõÏõ. ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ßóãú ÚõãõÑõåõ¿ ÞóÇáó:(1/207)
ÓöÊøõæäó ÚóÇãðÇ. ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ÒöÏú Ýöí ÚõãõÑöåö. ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÒöíÏóåõ ãöäú ÚõãõÑößó. æóßóÇäó ÚõãõÑõ ÂÏóãó ÃóáúÝó ÚóÇãò ÝóÒóÇÏóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÐóáößó ßöÊóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÃóÔúåóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊõÖöÑó ÂÏóãõ ÃóÊóÊúåõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ áöÊóÞúÈöÖóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÚõãõÑöí ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÚóÇãðÇ. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøóßó ÞóÏú æóåóÈúÊóåóÇ áöÇÈúäößó ÏóÇæõÏó. ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõ. æóÃóÈúÑóÒó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ æóÔóåöÏóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ» .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúæóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÇãöÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ ÞóÇáóåóÇ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò Åöäö Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞóåõ ãóÓóÍó ÙóåúÑóåõ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ ÝóÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÝóÑóÃóì Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÒúåóÑõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö ÒöÏú Ýöí ÚõãõÑöåö. ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÒöíÏóåõ ÃóäúÊó ãöäú ÚõãõÑößó. ÝóÒóÇÏóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ãöäú ÚõãõÑöåö ÝóßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ æóÃóÔúåóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÞúÈöÖó ÑõæÍóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÃóÌóáöí ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð. ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: Åöäøóßó ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáúÊóåóÇ áöÇÈúäößó ÏóÇæõÏó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÍóÏó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Çááøóåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉó ÝóÃóÊóãøóåóÇ áöÏóÇæõÏó ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóäóÉò¡ æóÃóÊóãøó áöÂÏóãó ÚõãõÑóåõ ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉð» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ. æóÚóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö äóßóÇÑóÉñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ Úóäú ÍóÌøóÇÌö Èúäö ãöäúåóÇáò¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáÏøóíúäö ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÌóÍóÏó ÂÏóãõ» . ËóáóÇËðÇ. æóÐóßóÑóåõ.(1/208)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ãõæóØóÆöåö¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõäóíúÓóÉó¡ Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ÇáúÌõåóäöíøö¡ «Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÓõÆöáó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú æóÃóÔúåóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 172] . ÇáúÂíóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÓúÃóáõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÙóåúÑóåõ Èöíóãöíäöåö ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÐõÑøöíøóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: ÎóáóÞúÊõ åóÄõáóÇÁö áöáúÌóäøóÉö¡ æóÈöÚóãóáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö íóÚúãóáõæäó. Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÙóåúÑóåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÐõÑøöíøóÉð¡ ÞóÇáó: ÎóáóÞúÊõ åóÄõáóÇÁö áöáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÈöÚóãóáö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö íóÚúãóáõæäó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÝóÝöíãó ÇáúÚóãóáõ¿ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áöáúÌóäøóÉö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÈöÚóãóáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÍóÊøóì íóãõæÊó Úóáóì Úóãóáò ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áöáäøóÇÑö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÈöÚóãóáö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö ÍóÊøóì íóãõæÊó Úóáóì Úóãóáò ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Èöåö ÇáäøóÇÑó» .
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãö Èúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ãöäú ØõÑõÞò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ãóÇáößò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ. æóãõÓúáöãõ Èúäõ íóÓóÇÑò áóãú íóÓúãóÚú ÚõãóÑó. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÒóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: æóÈóíúäóåõãóÇ äõÚóíúãõ Èúäõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÕóÝøóì¡ Úóäú ÈóÞöíøóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÌõÚúËõãò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõäóíúÓóÉó¡ Úóäú(1/209)
ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ Úóäú äõÚóíúãö Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó ÞóÇáó: ßõäúÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö æóÞóÏú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ: æóÞóÏú ÊóÇÈóÚó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÌõÚúËõãò ÃóÈõæ ÝóÑúæóÉó íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓöäóÇäò ÇáÑøóåóÇæöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõäóíúÓóÉó ÞóÇáó: æóÞóæúáõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú Þóæúáö ãóÇáößò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÐõÑøöíøóÉó ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙóåúÑöåö ßóÇáÐøóÑøö¡ æóÞöÓúãóÊöåöãú ÞöÓúãóíúäö ; Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãöíäö¡ æóÃóåúáö ÇáÔøóãóÇáö. æóÞóÇáó: åóÄõáóÇÁö áöáúÌóäøóÉö æóáóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö áöáäøóÇÑö æóáóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúåóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇÓúÊöäúØóÇÞõåõãú ÈöÇáúÅöÞúÑóÇÑö ÈöÇáúæóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÉö Ýóáóãú íóÌöÆú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö¡ æóÍóãúáõåóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ åõäóÇßó¡ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó æóÇáúÂËóÇÑó ãõÓúÊóÞúÕóÇÉð ÈöÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåóÇ æóÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãõÊõæäöåóÇ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÊóÍúÑöíÑóåõ ÝóáúíõÑóÇÌöÚúåõ Ëóãøó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäú ßõáúËõæãö Èúäö ÌóÈúÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãöíËóÇÞó ãöäú ÙóåúÑö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöäõÚúãóÇäó íóæúãó ÚóÑóÝóÉó ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó ãöäú ÕõáúÈöåö ßõáøó ÐõÑøöíøóÉò ÐóÑóÃóåóÇ ÝóäóËóÑóåóÇ(1/210)
Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ßóáøóãóåõãú ÞõÈõáðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: {ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì ÔóåöÏúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÊóÞõæáõæÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÛóÇÝöáöíäó Ãóæú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: ÇáúãõÈúØöáõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 172] .» Ýóåõæó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏò ÌóíøöÏò Þóæöíøò Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúãóÑúæóÒöíøö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ßõáúËõæãö Èúäö ÌóÈúÑò ; ÝóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ¡ æóãóæúÞõæÝðÇ. æóßóÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ¡ æóÇáúæóÇáöÈöíøõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÌóãúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Þóæúáóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõ æóÃóËúÈóÊõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ æóãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ. æóÇáúãóæúÞõæÝõ ÃóÕóÍøõ.
æóÇÓúÊóÃúäóÓó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö ; æóåõæó ÃóÎúÐõ ÇáúãöíËóÇÞö Úóáóì ÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö æóåõãõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóÌøóÇÌñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÌóæúäöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «íõÞóÇáõ áöáÑøóÌõáö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: áóæú ßóÇäó áóßó ãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÃóßõäúÊó ãõÝúÊóÏöíðÇ Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíóÞõæáõ: äóÚóãú. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÞóÏú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ ãöäúßó ãóÇ åõæó Ãóåúæóäõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐúÊõ Úóáóíúßó Ýöí ÙóåúÑö ÂÏóãó Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÔúÑößó Èöí ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÃóÈóíúÊó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÔúÑößó(1/211)
Èöí» . ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ: Úóäö ÇáÑøóÈöíÚö Èúäö ÃóäóÓò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡ Úóäú ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐó ÑóÈøõßó ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÙõåõæÑöåöãú ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõãú} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 172] . ÇáúÂíóÉó æóÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóãóÚóåõãú áóåõ íóæúãóÆöÐò ÌóãöíÚðÇ ãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóÎóáóÞóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÕóæøóÑóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóäúØóÞóåõãú ÝóÊóßóáøóãõæÇ¡ æóÃóÎóÐó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÚóåúÏó æóÇáúãöíËóÇÞó¡ æóÃóÔúåóÏó Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú: ÃóáóÓúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáóì. ÇáúÂíóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøöí ÃõÔúåöÏõ Úóáóíúßõãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚó æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó ÇáÓøóÈúÚó¡ æóÃõÔúåöÏõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÃóÈóÇßõãú ÂÏóãó¡ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: áóãú äóÚúáóãú ÈöåóÐóÇ. ÇÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÛóíúÑöí¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøó ÛóíúÑöí¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæÇ Èöí ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÅöäøöí ÓóÃõÑúÓöáõ Åöáóíúßõãú ÑõÓõáðÇ íõäúÐöÑõæäóßõãú ÚóåúÏöí æóãöíËóÇÞöí¡ æóÃõäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ßöÊóÇÈöí. ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóßó ÑóÈøõäóÇ¡ æóÅöáóåõäóÇ áóÇ ÑóÈøó áóäóÇ ÛóíúÑõßó¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóåó áóäóÇ ÛóíúÑõßó. ÝóÃóÞóÑøõæÇ áóåõ íóæúãóÆöÐò ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÑóÝóÚó ÃóÈóÇåõãú ÂÏóãó ÝóäóÙóÑó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÑóÃóì Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÛóäöíøó æóÇáúÝóÞöíÑó¡ æóÍóÓóäó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö æóÏõæäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö áóæú ÓóæøóíúÊó Èóíúäó ÚöÈóÇÏößó. ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÔúßóÑó¡ æóÑóÃóì Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó ãöËúáó ÇáÓøõÑøõÌö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáäøõæÑõ¡ æóÎõÕøõæÇ ÈöãöíËóÇÞò ÂÎóÑó ãöäó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöíËóÇÞóåõãú æóãöäúßó æóãöäú äõæÍò æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó æóÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãöíËóÇÞðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ} [ÇáÃÍÒÇÈ: 7] . æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ: {ÝóÃóÞöãú æóÌúåóßó áöáÏøöíäö ÍóäöíÝðÇ ÝöØúÑóÉó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÊöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÈúÏöíáó áöÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö} [ÇáÑæã: 30] . æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: {åóÐóÇ äóÐöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøõÐõÑö ÇáúÃõæáóì} [ÇáäÌã: 56] . æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ áöÃóßúËóÑöåöãú ãöäú ÚóåúÏò æóÅöäú æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú áóÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 102] . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ; ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö Ýöí ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑöåöãú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö(1/212)
ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò. æóÑóæóì Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÈöÓöíóÇÞóÇÊò ÊõæóÇÝöÞõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó. æóÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöÂÏóãó ÇãúÊóËóáõæÇ ßõáøõåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáúÅöáóåöíøó¡ æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áóåõ ÍóÓóÏðÇ¡ æóÚóÏóÇæóÉð áóåõ ÝóØóÑóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÃóÈúÚóÏóåõ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøóÉö æóäóÝóÇåõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ æóÃóåúÈóØóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ØóÑöíÏðÇ ãóáúÚõæäðÇ ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ ÑóÌöíãðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ æóíóÚúáóì¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏñ ÇÈúäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÑóÃó ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉó ÝóÓóÌóÏó ÇÚúÊóÒóáó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ íóÈúßöí íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ æóíúáóåõ ÃõãöÑó ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÝóÓóÌóÏó Ýóáóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ¡ æóÃõãöÑúÊõ ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÝóÚóÕóíúÊõ Ýóáöíó ÇáäøóÇÑõ» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö æóßöíÚò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö.
Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÃõÓúßöäó ÂÏóãõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÃõÓúßöäóåóÇ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöåóÇ åõæó æóÒóæúÌóÊõåõ ÍóæøóÇÁõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÃúßõáóÇäö ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÛóÏðÇ ÍóíúËõ ÔóÇÁóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóßóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äõåöíóÇ ÚóäúåóÇ ÓõáöÈóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇááøöÈóÇÓö¡ æóÃõåúÈöØóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó(1/213)
åõÈõæØöåö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑö ãóÞóÇãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ; ÝóÞöíáó: ÈóÚúÖõ íóæúãò ãöäú ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «æóÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ÓóÇÚóÇÊö íóæúãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö» . æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÏöíËõåõ Úóäúåõ: «æóÝöíåö íóÚúäöí íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÎõáöÞó ÂÏóãõ¡ æóÝöíåö ÃõÎúÑöÌó ãöäúåóÇ» . ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Çáúíóæúãó ÇáøóÐöí ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö¡ Ýöíåö ÃõÎúÑöÌó¡ æóÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóíøóÇãó ÇáÓøöÊøóÉó ßóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö¡ ÝóÞóÏú áóÈöËó ÈóÚúÖó íóæúãò ãöäú åóÐöåö. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Çáúíóæúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö Ãóæú ÞõáúäóÇ: ÈöÃóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóíøóÇãó ãöÞúÏóÇÑõåóÇ ÓöÊøóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÓóäóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ ÝóÞóÏú áóÈöËó åõäóÇßó ãõÏøóÉð ØóæöíáóÉð. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ ÎõáöÞó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓóÇÚóÉò ãöäú íóæúãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ ãöäúåõ ËóáóÇËñ æóËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ ÝóãóßóËó ãõÕóæøóÑðÇ ØöíäðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõäúÝóÎó Ýöíåö ÇáÑøõæÍõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóÞóÇãó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóåúÈöØó ËóáóÇËðÇ æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÃóÔúåõÑò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÍóÓøóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÓóæøóÇÑò ÎóÈóÑó ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóãøóÇ ÃõåúÈöØó¡ ÑöÌúáóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÑóÃúÓõåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÍóØøóåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÓöÊøöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò äóÍúæóåõ. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ ; áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó æóØõæáõåõ ÓöÊøõæäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡(1/214)
Ýóáóãú íóÒóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ íóäúÞõÕõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÂäó¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ ÎõáöÞó ßóÐóáößó áóÇ ÃóØúæóáó ãöäú ÓöÊøöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ íóÊóäóÇÞóÕõ ÎóáúÞõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÂäó» .
æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÂÏóãõ Åöäøó áöí ÍóÑóãðÇ ÈöÍöíóÇáö ÚóÑúÔöí¡ ÝóÇäúØóáöÞú ÝóÇÈúäö áöí Ýöíåö ÈóíúÊðÇ ÝóØõÝú Èöåö. ßóãóÇ ÊóØõæÝõ ãóáóÇÆößóÊöí ÈöÚóÑúÔöí. æóÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ãóáóßðÇ ÝóÚóÑøóÝóåõ ãóßóÇäóåõ¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ ÇáúãóäóÇÓößó¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ãóæúÖöÚó ßõáøö ÎóØúæóÉò ÎóØóÇåóÇ ÂÏóãõ ÕóÇÑóÊú ÞóÑúíóÉð ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
æóÚóäúåõ Ãóäøó Ãóæøóáó ØóÚóÇãò Ãóßóáóåõ ÂÏóãõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóäú ÌóÇÁóåõ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöÓóÈúÚö ÍóÈøóÇÊò ãöäú ÍöäúØóÉò ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äõåöíÊó ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÃóßóáúÊó ãöäúåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ ÃóÕúäóÚõ ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúÐõÑúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. ÝóÈóÐóÑóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÍóÈøóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÒöäóÊõåóÇ ÃóÒúíóÏõ ãöäú ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò¡ ÝóäóÈóÊóÊú¡ ÝóÍóÕóÏóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÑóÓóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÐóÑóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó ØóÍóäóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÌóäóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÎóÈóÒóåõ¡ ÝóÃóßóáóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÌóåúÏò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóÊóÚóÈò¡ æóäóßóÏò. æóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÝóáóÇ íõÎúÑöÌóäøóßõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÊóÔúÞóì} [Øå: 117] . æóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ ßõÓúæóÊöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÔóÚúÑö ÇáÖøóÃúäö ÌóÒøóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÒóáóÇåõ ÝóäóÓóÌó ÂÏóãõ áóåõ ÌõÈøóÉð¡ æóáöÍóæøóÇÁó ÏöÑúÚðÇ æóÎöãóÇÑðÇ.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ åóáú æõáöÏó áóåõãóÇ ÈöÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö¿ ÝóÞöíáó: áóãú íõæáóÏú áóåõãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú æõáöÏó áóåõãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ. ÝóßóÇäó ÞóÇÈöíáõ æóÃõÎúÊõåõ ãöãøóäú æõáöÏó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõæáóÏõ áóåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÈóØúäò ÐóßóÑñ æóÃõäúËóì¡ æóÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íõÒóæøöÌó ßõáøó ÇÈúäö ÃõÎúÊö ÃóÎöíåö ÇáøóÊöí æõáöÏóÊú ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÈöÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÊóÍöáøõ ÃõÎúÊñ áöÃóÎöíåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí¡ æõáöÏóÊú ãóÚóåõ.(1/215)
[ÐößúÑõ ÞöÕøóÉö ÇÈúäóíú ÂÏóãó ÞóÇÈöíáó æóåóÇÈöíáó]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÊúáõ Úóáóíúåöãú äóÈóÃó ÇÈúäóíú ÂÏóãó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÅöÐú ÞóÑøóÈóÇ ÞõÑúÈóÇäðÇ ÝóÊõÞõÈøöáó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóáóãú íõÊóÞóÈøóáú ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÞóÇáó áóÃóÞúÊõáóäøóßó ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó áóÆöäú ÈóÓóØúÊó Åöáóíøó íóÏóßó áöÊóÞúÊõáóäöí ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÈóÇÓöØò íóÏöíó Åöáóíúßó áöÃóÞúÊõáóßó Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÈõæÁó ÈöÅöËúãöí æóÅöËúãößó ÝóÊóßõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÑö æóÐóáößó ÌóÒóÇÁõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÝóØóæøóÚóÊú áóåõ äóÝúÓõåõ ÞóÊúáó ÃóÎöíåö ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÛõÑóÇÈðÇ íóÈúÍóËõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áöíõÑöíóåõ ßóíúÝó íõæóÇÑöí ÓóæúÃóÉó ÃóÎöíåö ÞóÇáó íóÇæóíúáóÊóÇ ÃóÚóÌóÒúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõÑóÇÈö ÝóÃõæóÇÑöíó ÓóæúÃóÉó ÃóÎöí ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÏöãöíäó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 27]
[ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö: 27 - 31] . ÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ßöÝóÇíóÉñ¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ.
æóáúäóÐúßõÑú åõäóÇ ãõáóÎøóÕó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóäú äóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó ßóÇäó íõÒóæøöÌõ ÐóßóÑó ßõáøö ÈóØúäò ÈöÃõäúËóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÃóäøó åóÇÈöíáó ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÊóÒóæøóÌó ÈöÃõÎúÊö ÞóÇÈöíáó¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóßúÈóÑó ãöäú åóÇÈöíáó¡ æóÃõÎúÊõ ÞóÇÈöíáó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÞóÇÈöíáõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÃúËöÑó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÎöíåö¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ ÂÏóãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íõÒóæøöÌóåõ ÅöíøóÇåóÇ ÝóÃóÈóì¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÑøöÈóÇ ÞõÑúÈóÇäðÇ¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÂÏóãõ áöíóÍõÌøó(1/216)
Åöáóì ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍúÝóÙó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö Úóáóì Èóäöíåö ÝóÃóÈóíúäó¡ æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÝóÃóÈóíúäó¡ ÝóÊóÞóÈøóáó ÞóÇÈöíáõ ÈöÍöÝúÙö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÞóÑøóÈóÇ ÞõÑúÈóÇäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÑøóÈó åóÇÈöíáõ ÌóÐóÚóÉð ÓóãöíäóÉð¡ æóßóÇäó ÕóÇÍöÈó Ûóäóãò¡ æóÞóÑøóÈó ÞóÇÈöíáõ ÍöÒúãóÉð ãöäú ÒóÑúÚò ãöäú ÑóÏöíÁö ÒóÑúÚöåö¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú äóÇÑñ ÝóÃóßóáóÊú ÞõÑúÈóÇäó åóÇÈöíáó¡ æóÊóÑóßóÊú ÞõÑúÈóÇäó ÞóÇÈöíáó ÝóÛóÖöÈó. æóÞóÇáó: áöÃóÞúÊõáóäøóßó ÍóÊøóì áóÇ ÊóäúßöÍó ÃõÎúÊöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó. æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãöäú æõÌõæåò ÃõÎóÑó¡ æóÚóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ. æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÇíúãõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ áóÃóÔóÏøó ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö¡ æóáóßöäú ãóäúÚóåõ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÌõ Ãóäú íóÈúÓõØó Åöáóíúåö íóÏóåõ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑõ: Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÔöÑðÇ áöÊóÞóÑøõÈöåöãóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÇäó¡ æóÇáÊøóÞóÈøõáõ ãöäú åóÇÈöíáó Ïõæäó ÞóÇÈöíáó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇÈöíáõ áöÂÏóãó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÞõÈøöáó ãöäúåõ áöÃóäøóßó ÏóÚóæúÊó áóåõ¡ æóáóãú ÊóÏúÚõ áöí. æóÊóæóÚøóÏó ÃóÎóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóÇÊó áóíúáóÉò ÃóÈúØóÃó åóÇÈöíáõ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÚúíö¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó ÂÏóãõ ÃóÎóÇåõ ÞóÇÈöíáó áöíóäúÙõÑó ãóÇ ÃóÈúØóÃó Èöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÅöÐóÇ åõæó Èöåö ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÊõÞõÈøöáó ãöäúßó¡ æóáóãú íõÊóÞóÈøóáú ãöäøöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊøóÞöíäó. ÝóÛóÖöÈó ÞóÇÈöíáõ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÖóÑóÈóåõ ÈöÍóÏöíÏóÉò ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚóåõ ÝóÞóÊóáóåõ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÈöÕóÎúÑóÉò ÑóãóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö æóåõæó äóÇÆöãñ ÝóÔóÏóÎóÊúåõ. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú ÎóäóÞóåõ ÎóäúÞðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ æóÚóÖøðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõ ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚõ ÝóãóÇÊó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ áóåõ áóãøóÇ ÊóæóÚøóÏóåõ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö: {áóÆöäú ÈóÓóØúÊó Åöáóíøó íóÏóßó áöÊóÞúÊõáóäöí ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöÈóÇÓöØò íóÏöíó Åöáóíúßó áöÃóÞúÊõáóßó Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 28] . Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÎõáõÞò ÍóÓóäò¡ æóÎóæúÝò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÎóÔúíóÉò ãöäúåõ¡ æóÊóæóÑøõÚò Ãóäú íõÞóÇÈöáó ÃóÎóÇåõ ÈöÇáÓøõæÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäúåõ ÃóÎõæåõ ãöËúáõåõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡(1/217)
Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÇÌóåó ÇáúãõÓúáöãóÇäö ÈöÓóíúÝóíúåöãóÇ ÝóÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ æóÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö» . ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÑöíÕðÇ Úóáóì ÞóÊúáö ÕóÇÍöÈöåö» . æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÈõæÁó ÈöÅöËúãöí æóÅöËúãößó ÝóÊóßõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÑö æóÐóáößó ÌóÒóÇÁõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 29] . Ãóíú: Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ ÊóÑúßó ãõÞóÇÊóáóÊößó¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäúßó¡ æóÃóÞúæóì ÅöÐú ÞóÏú ÚóÒóãúÊó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÒóãúÊó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú ÊóÈõæÁó ÈöÅöËúãöí æóÅöËúãößó. Ãóíú: ÊóÊóÍóãøóáõ ÅöËúãó ÞóÊúáöí ãóÚó ãóÇ áóßó ãöäó ÇáúÂËóÇãö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ãóäøó ÂËóÇãó ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ÊóÊóÍóæøóáõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÞóÊúáöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú Êóæóåøóãóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÈúäó ÌóÑöíÑò Íóßóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí íõæÑöÏõåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÞóÇÊöáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ãöäú ÐóäúÈò» . ÝóáóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÈöÓóäóÏò ÕóÍöíÍò æóáóÇ ÍóÓóäò æóáóÇ ÖóÚöíÝò ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú íóÊøóÝöÞõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö íõØóÇáöÈõ ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáõ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáó¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÍóÓóäóÇÊõ ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö áóÇ ÊóÝöí ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÙøõáúãóÉö ÝóÊõÍóæøóáõ ãöäú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊö ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÊöáö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Èöåö ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãóÙóÇáöãö¡ æóÇáúÞóÊúáõ ãóäú ÃóÚúÙóãöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÍóÑøóÑúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö(1/218)
ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕøò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó ÚöäúÏó ÝöÊúäóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó: ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóÊóßõæäõ ÝöÊúäóÉñ ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÆöãõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÔöí¡ æóÇáúãóÇÔöí ÎóíúÑñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇÚöí» . ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊó Åöäú ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíøó ÈóíúÊöí ÝóÈóÓóØó íóÏóåõ Åöáóíøó áöíóÞúÊõáóäöí. ÞóÇáó: «ßõäú ßóÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö¡ Úóäú ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ. æóÞóÇáó «ßõäú ßóÎóíúÑö ÇÈúäóíú ÂÏóãó» . æóÑóæóì ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò äóÍúæó åóÐóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóæóßöíÚñ ÞóÇáóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäú ãóÓúÑõæÞò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÇ ÊõÞúÊóáõ äóÝúÓñ ÙõáúãðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ßöÝúáñ ãöäú ÏóãöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Óóäøó ÇáúÞóÊúáó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Óöæóì ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÓóæóÇÁð.
æóÈöÌóÈóáö ÞóÇÓöíõæäó ÔóãóÇáöíøó ÏöãóÔúÞó ãóÛóÇÑóÉñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ: ãóÛóÇÑóÉõ ÇáÏøóãö. ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúãóßóÇäõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÊóáó ÞóÇÈöíáõ ÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÈöíáó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ. æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÊóáóÞøóæúåõ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ßóËöíÑò. æóÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãúÑó¡ æóåóÇÈöíáó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ(1/219)
ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝó åóÇÈöíáó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Ïóãõåõ ÝóÍóáóÝó áóåõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóßóÇäó íõÓúÊóÌóÇÈõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÕóÏøóÞóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ¡ æóÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÚõãúÑó íóÒõæÑõæäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóßóÇäó Ýöí ßõáøö íóæúãö ÎóãöíÓò. æóåóÐóÇ ãóäóÇãñ áóæú ÕóÍøó Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ßóËöíÑò åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÑóÊøóÈú Úóáóíúåö Íõßúãñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÛõÑóÇÈðÇ íóÈúÍóËõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö áöíõÑöíóåõ ßóíúÝó íõæóÇÑöí ÓóæúÁóÉó ÃóÎöíåö ÞóÇáó íóÇ æóíúáóÊóÇ ÃóÚóÌóÒúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõÑóÇÈö ÝóÃõæóÇÑöíó ÓóæúÃóÉó ÃóÎöí ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÏöãöíäó} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 31] . ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ Íóãóáóåõ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöåö ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Íóãóáóåõ ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóäóÉò. æóáóãú íóÒóáú ßóÐóáößó ÍóÊøóì ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÛõÑóÇÈóíúäö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: ÃóÎóæóíúäö ÝóÊóÞóÇÊóáóÇ ÝóÞóÊóáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÚóãóÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÍóÝóÑó áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóáúÞóÇåõ æóÏóÝóäóåõ æóæóÇÑóÇåõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ íóÕúäóÚõ Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ æóíúáóÊóÇ ÃóÚóÌóÒúÊõ Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõÑóÇÈö ÝóÃõæóÇÑöíó ÓóæúÁóÉó ÃóÎöí} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 31] . ÝóÝóÚóáó ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÛõÑóÇÈõ ÝóæóÇÑóÇåõ¡ æóÏóÝóäóåõ.
æóÐóßóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö æóÇáÓøöíóÑö Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó ÍóÒöäó Úóáóì ÇÈúäöåö åóÇÈöíáó ÍõÒúäðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÔöÚúÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÍõãóíúÏò.
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æóÝöí ßóæúäö åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö ãóÍúÝõæÙóÉð ÝöíãóÇ äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö äóÙóÑñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ØóÇÚöäöíäó Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÞúÍóãóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ. ÐóßóÑóåóÇ(1/223)
ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö. æóÝöíåóÇ ÛóáóØñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Ãóäøó ÍóæøóÇÁó æóáóÏóÊú áöÂÏóãó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó æóáóÏðÇ Ýöí ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÈóØúäðÇ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÓóãøóÇåõãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞöíáó: ãöÇÆóÉð æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÈóØúäðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÐóßóÑñ æóÃõäúËóì¡ Ãóæøóáõåõãú ÞóÇÈöíáõ æóÃõÎúÊõåõ ÞöáöíãóÇ¡ æóÂÎöÑõåõãú ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúãõÛöíËö æóÃõÎúÊõåõ ÃóãóÉõ ÇáúãõÛöíËö¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÔóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóßóËõÑõæÇ æóÇãúÊóÏøõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóäóãóæúÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÎóáóÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ æóÈóËøó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóäöÓóÇÁð} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 1] . ÇáúÂíóÉó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íóãõÊú ÍóÊøóì ÑóÃóì ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö æóÃóæúáóÇÏö ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝó äóÓóãóÉò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ãöäú äóÝúÓò æóÇÍöÏóÉò æóÌóÚóáó ãöäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌóåóÇ áöíóÓúßõäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÛóÔøóÇåóÇ ÍóãóáóÊú ÍóãúáðÇ ÎóÝöíÝðÇ ÝóãóÑøóÊú Èöåö ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóËúÞóáóÊú ÏóÚóæóÇ Çááøóåó ÑóÈøóåõãóÇ áóÆöäú ÂÊóíúÊóäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ áóäóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãóÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÌóÚóáóÇ áóåõ ÔõÑóßóÇÁó ÝöíãóÇ ÂÊóÇåõãóÇ ÝóÊóÚóÇáóì Çááøóåõ ÚóãøóÇ íõÔúÑößõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 189]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 189 - 190] .(1/224)
ÇáúÂíóÇÊö. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÊóäúÈöíåñ ÃóæøóáðÇ ÈöÐößúÑö ÂÏóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóØúÑóÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÐößúÑó ÂÏóãó æóÍóæøóÇÁó Èóáú áóãøóÇ ÌóÑóì ÐößúÑõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÇÓúÊóØúÑóÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞúäóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉò ãöäú Øöíäò Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ äõØúÝóÉð Ýöí ÞóÑóÇÑò ãóßöíäò} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 12]
[Çáúãõáúßö: 5] . æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøó ÑõÌõæãó ÇáÔøóíóÇØöíäö áóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÃóÚúíóÇäó ãóÕóÇÈöíÍö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØúÑóÏó ãöäú ÔóÎúÕöåóÇ Åöáóì ÌöäúÓöåóÇ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÓóãõÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ¡ æóáóÏóÊú ÍóæøóÇÁõ ØóÇÝó ÈöåóÇ ÅöÈúáöíÓõ¡ æóßóÇäó áóÇ íóÚöíÔõ áóåóÇ æóáóÏñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Óóãøöíåö ÚóÈúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÚöíÔõ. ÝóÓóãøóÊúåõ ÚóÈúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö ÝóÚóÇÔó¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäú æóÍúíö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö æóÃóãúÑöåö» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö Ýöí ÊóÝóÇÓöíÑöåöãú ÚöäúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö. æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö¡ ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÑöËö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: ÕóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌóÇåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÛóÑöíÈñ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÝóÚúåõ ÝóåóÐöåö ÚöáøóÉñ ÞóÇÏöÍóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ Ñõæöíó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ(1/225)
Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåõ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãõÊóáóÞøðì Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ æóãóäú Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÝóÓøóÑó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÑóÇæöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóäú ÓóãõÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ áóãóÇ ÚóÏóáó Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó æóÍóæøóÇÁó áöíóßõæäóÇ ÃóÕúáó ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóáöíóÈõËøó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ æóäöÓóÇÁð ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäóÊú ÍóæøóÇÁõ áóÇ íóÚöíÔõ áóåóÇ æóáóÏñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ. æóÇáúãóÙúäõæäõ Èóáö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÑóÝúÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóØóÃñ. æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ æóÞúÝõåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÍóÑøóÑúäóÇ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÂÏóãõ æóÍóæøóÇÁõ ÃóÊúÞóì áöáøóåö ãöãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÂÏóãó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ æóÃóÓúÌóÏó áóåõ ãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÃóÓúßóäóåõ ÌóäøóÊóåõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: «ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ßóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ãöÇÆóÉõ ÃóáúÝò æóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ". ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ßóãö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ãöäúåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: " ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ Ìóãøñ ÛóÝöíÑñ ". ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóäú ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáóåõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÂÏóãõ ". ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö äóÈöíøñ ãõÑúÓóáñ¿ ÞóÇáó: " äóÚóãú. ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ Ëõãøó äóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÓóæøóÇåõ ÞõÈõáðÇ ".»(1/226)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ äóÇÆöáóÉó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóíúÈóÇäõ Èúäõ ÝóÑøõæÎó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ äóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ åõÑúãõÒó¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ÃóáóÇ ÃõÎúÈöÑõßõãú ÈöÃóÝúÖóáö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ÂÏóãõ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÔøõåõæÑö ÔóåúÑõ ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇááøóíóÇáöí áóíúáóÉõ ÇáúÞóÏúÑö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ãóÑúíóãõ ÈöäúÊõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó» . æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó äóÇÝöÚðÇ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑúãõÒó ßóÐøóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö: áóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö áóåõ áöÍúíóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÂÏóãó áöÍúíóÊõåõ ÓóæúÏóÇÁõ Åöáóì ÓõÑøóÊöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏñ íõßúäóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÂÏóãõ ßõäúíóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÔóíúÎö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÎóÇáöÏò¡ Úóäú ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «. Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö íõÏúÚóæúäó ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÂÏóãó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõßúäóì ÃóÈóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÏöíøò ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áóãøóÇ(1/227)
ãóÑøó ÈöÂÏóãó æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö æóÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö. ÞóÇáó: æóÅöÐóÇ Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ÃóÓúæöÏóÉñ¡ æóÚóäú íóÓóÇÑöåö ÃóÓúæöÏóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ÖóÍößó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó Úóäú ÔöãóÇáöåö Èóßóì¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ãóÇ åóÐóÇ¿ . ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÂÏóãõ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö äóÓóãõ Èóäöíåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó ÞöÈóáó Ãóåúáö Çáúíóãöíäö¡ æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÖóÍößó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑó ÞöÈóáó Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøöãóÇáö¡ æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÇÑö Èóßóì» . åóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÍóÓøóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚóÞúáõ ÂÏóãó ãöËúáó ÚóÞúáö ÌóãöíÚö æóáóÏöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÝóãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöíõæÓõÝó æóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÃõÚúØöíó ÔóØúÑó ÇáúÍõÓúäö» . ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÕúÝö ãöäú ÍõÓúäö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõäóÇÓöÈñ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó æóÕóæøóÑóåõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉö¡ æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíóÎúáõÞó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóíúäóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ æóãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ íóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÌúÚóáú áóäóÇ åóÐöåö ÝóÅöäøóßó ÎóáóÞúÊó áöÈóäöí ÂÏóãó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ íóÃúßõáõæäó ÝöíåóÇ æóíóÔúÑóÈõæäó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóÚöÒøóÊöí æóÌóáóÇáöí áóÇ ÃóÌúÚóáõ ÕóÇáöÍó ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ãóäú ÎóáóÞúÊõ ÈöíóÏöíøó ßóãóäó ÞõáúÊõ áóåõ ßõäú ÝóßóÇäó» . æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö(1/228)
Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó Úóáóì ÕõæÑóÊöåö» . æóÝöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «. Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó Úóáóì ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó» . æóÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ýöíåö ãóÓóÇáößó ßóËöíÑóÉð áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãóæúÖöÚó ÈóÓúØöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/229)
[ÐößúÑõ æóÝóÇÉö ÂÏóãó æóæóÕöíøóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÔöíËó]
æóãóÚúäóì ÔöíËó: åöÈóÉõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÓóãøóíóÇåõ ÈöÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÑõÒöÞóÇåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÞõÊöáó åóÇÈöíáõ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÐóÑøò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóäúÒóáó ãöÇÆóÉó ÕóÍöíÝóÉò æóÃóÑúÈóÚó ÕõÍõÝò Úóáóì ÔöíËó ÎóãúÓöíäó ÕóÍöíÝóÉð» . ÞóÇáó: ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: æóáóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊú ÂÏóãó ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÚóåöÏó Åöáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÔöíËó¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ ÓóÇÚóÇÊö Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÚóáøóãóåõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÚúáóãóåõ ÈöæõÞõæÚö ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáó: æóíõÞóÇáõ Åöäøó ÃóäúÓóÇÈó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó Çáúíóæúãó ßõáøõåóÇ ÊóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÔöíËó¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÃóæúáóÇÏö ÂÏóãó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÇäúÞóÑóÖõæÇ æóÈóÇÏõæÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÐóåóÈõæÇ íóØúáõÈõæäó áóåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáóÊúåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ¡ æóãóÚóåõãú ÃóßúÝóÇäõåõ æóÍóäõæØõåõ¡ æóãóÚóåõãõ ÇáúÝõÆõæÓõ æóÇáúãóÓóÇÍöí æóÇáúãóßóÇÊöáõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõãú: íóÇ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõæäó æóãóÇ ÊóØúáõÈõæäó¿ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõæäó æóÃóíúäó ÊóØúáõÈõæäó¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÈõæäóÇ ãóÑöíÖñ¡ æóÇÔúÊóåóì ãöäú ËöãóÇÑö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõãú: ÇÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÞõÖöíó ÃóÈõæßõãú¡ ÝóÌóÇÁõæÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊúåõãú ÍóæøóÇÁõ ÚóÑóÝóÊúåõãú ÝóáóÇÐóÊú ÈöÂÏóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöáóíúßö Úóäøöí¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõÊöíÊõ ãöäú ÞöÈóáößö ÝóÎóáøöí Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÑóÈøöí ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÝóÞóÈóÖõæåõ¡ æóÛóÓøóáõæåõ¡ æóßóÝøóäõæåõ¡ æóÍóäøóØõæåõ¡ æóÍóÝóÑõæÇ áóåõ¡ æóÃóáúÍóÏõæåõ¡ æóÕóáøóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÞóÈúÑóåõ ÝóæóÖóÚõæåõ Ýöí ÞóÈúÑöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÍóËóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ Èóäöí ÂÏóãó åóÐöåö ÓõäøóÊõßõãú. ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ Åöáóíúåö. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÔóíúÈóÇäó Èúäö ÝóÑøõæÎó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò¡ Úóäú ãóíúãõæäò Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ßóÈøóÑóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Úóáóì ÂÏóãó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ» . æóßóÈøóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ¡ æóßóÈøóÑó ÚõãóÑõ Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ¡ æóßóÈøóÑó ÕõåóíúÈñ Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó ÃóÑúÈóÚðÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú ãóíúãõæäò ÝóÞóÇáó: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó.
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æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÚõãõÑöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ; ÝóÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: Ãóäøó ÚõãõÑóåõ ÇßúÊóÊóÈó Ýöí ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò. æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇÔó ÊöÓúÚóãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõãú åóÐóÇ ãóØúÚõæäñ Ýöíåö ãóÑúÏõæÏñ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáøóÐöí ÈöÃóíúÏöíäóÇ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõãú åóÐóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ãõÏøóÉö ãõÞóÇãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöåúÈóÇØö¡ æóÐóáößó ÊöÓúÚõãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð ÔóãúÓöíøóÉð¡ æóåöíó ÈöÇáúÞóãóÑöíøóÉö ÊöÓúÚõãöÇÆóÉò æóÓóÈúÚñ æóÎóãúÓõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóíõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ËóáóÇËñ æóÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð ãõÏøóÉó ãõÞóÇãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöåúÈóÇØö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò.
æóÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁñ ÇáúÎõÑóÇÓóÇäöíøõ: áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÂÏóãõ ÈóßóÊö ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÂÏóãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇãó ÈöÃóÚúÈóÇÁö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóáóÏõåõ ÔöíËõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóßóÇäó äóÈöíøðÇ ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ: Ãóäøóåõ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö ÎóãúÓõæäó ÕóÍöíÝóÉð¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÍóÇäóÊú æóÝóÇÊõåõ ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÃóäõæÔó ÝóÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóáóÏõåõ Þóíúäóäõ¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ÇÈúäõåõ ãóåúáóÇÆöíáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÒúÚõãõ ÇáúÃóÚóÇÌöãõ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑúÓö Ãóäøóåõ ãóáóßó ÇáúÃóÞóÇáöíãó ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÞóØóÚó ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑó æóÈóäóì ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäó(1/232)
æóÇáúÍõÕõæäó ÇáúßöÈóÇÑó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí Èóäóì ãóÏöíäóÉó ÈóÇÈöáó¡ æóãóÏöíäóÉó ÇáÓøõæÓö ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóåóÑó ÅöÈúáöíÓó æóÌõäõæÏóåõ¡ æóÔóÑøóÏóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Åöáóì ÃóØúÑóÇÝöåóÇ¡ æóÔöÚóÇÈö ÌöÈóÇáöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÊóáó ÎóáúÞðÇ ãöäú ãóÑóÏóÉö ÇáúÌöäøö æóÇáúÛöíáóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ ÊóÇÌñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÎúØõÈõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ æóÏóÇãóÊú ÏóæúáóÊõåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóáóÏõåõ íóÑúÏõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì æóáóÏöåö ÎóäõæÎó¡ æóåõæó ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/233)
[ÐößúÑõ ÅöÏúÑöíÓó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 56]
[ãóÑúíóãó: 56 - 57] . ÝóÅöÏúÑöíÓõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÏú ÃóËúäóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóæóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö æóÇáÕøöÏøöíÞöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÎóäõæÎõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÚóãõæÏö äóÓóÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ÃóÚúØöíó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÂÏóãó æóÔöíËó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÎóØøó ÈöÇáúÞóáóãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÏúÑóßó ãöäú ÍóíóÇÉö ÂÏóãó ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóËóãóÇäöí Óöäöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö: Åöäøóåõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØøö ÈöÇáÑøóãúáö ÝóÞóÇáó: «Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó äóÈöíøñ íóÎõØøõ Èöåö Ýóãóäú æóÇÝóÞó ÎóØøóåõ ÝóÐóÇßó» . æóíóÒúÚõãõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÓúíöíÑö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö: Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóíõÓóãøõæäóåõ åóÑúãóÓó ÇáúåóÑóÇãöÓóÉö¡ æóíóßúÐöÈõæäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÐóÈõæÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] . åõæó ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÑøó Èöåö æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò¡ Úóäú(1/234)
ÌóÑöíÑö Èúäö ÍóÇÒöãò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÔöãúÑö Èúäö ÚóØöíøóÉó¡ Úóäú åöáóÇáö Èúäö íóÓóÇÝò ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÚúÈðÇ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÍóÇÖöÑñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ãóÇ Þóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÅöÏúÑöíÓó: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] ¿ ÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈñ: ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøöí ÃóÑúÝóÚõ áóßó ßõáøó íóæúãò ãöËúáó ÌóãöíÚö Úóãóáö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó áóÚóáøóåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ ÝóÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íóÒúÏóÇÏó ÚóãóáðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ Îóáöíáñ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäö Çááøóåó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíøó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ Ýóßóáøöãú ãóáóßó ÇáúãóæúÊö ÝóáúíõÄóÎøöÑúäöí ÍóÊøóì ÃóÒúÏóÇÏó ÚóãóáðÇ ÝóÍóãóáóåõ Èóíúäó ÌóäóÇÍóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÏó Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ãõäúÍóÏöÑðÇ Ýóßóáøóãó ãóáóßó ÇáúãóæúÊö Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí ßóáøóãóåõ Ýöíåö ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÃóíúäó ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ¿ ÞóÇáó: åõæó ÐóÇ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöí. ÝóÞóÇáó ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö: ÝóÇáúÚóÌóÈõ ÈõÚöËúÊõ æóÞöíáó áöí: ÇÞúÈöÖú ÑõæÍó ÅöÏúÑöíÓó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö. ÝóÌóÚóáúÊõ ÃóÞõæáõ: ßóíúÝó ÃóÞúÈöÖõ ÑõæÍóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö! ÝóÞóÈóÖó ÑõæÍóåõ åõäóÇßó¡ ÝóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåóÇ æóÚöäúÏóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó áöÐóáößó Çáúãóáóßö: Óóáú áöí ãóáóßó ÇáúãóæúÊö ßóãú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÚõãõÑöí¿ ÝóÓóÃóáóåõ æóåõæó ãóÚóåõ ßóãú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÚõãõÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÙõÑó. ÝóäóÙóÑó ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóßó áöÊóÓúÃóáõäöí Úóäú ÑóÌõáò ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÚõãõÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ ØóÑúÝóÉõ Úóíúäò. ÝóäóÙóÑó Çáúãóáóßõ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÊö ÌóäóÇÍöåö Åöáóì ÅöÏúÑöíÓó ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÞõÈöÖó æóåõæó áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåö äóßóÇÑóÉñ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] . ÞóÇáó: ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ ÑõÝöÚó æóáóãú íóãõÊú¡ ßóãóÇ ÑõÝöÚó ÚöíÓóì. Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóãõÊú Åöáóì ÇáúÂäö ÝóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ. æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÑõÝöÚó ÍóíøðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó ÞõÈöÖó åõäóÇßó ÝóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡(1/235)
æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ: Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] . ÞóÇáó: ÑõÝöÚó Åöáóì ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö ÝóãóÇÊó ÈöåóÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÃóÕóÍøõ¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: {æóÑóÝóÚúäóÇåõ ãóßóÇäðÇ ÚóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 57] . ÞóÇáó: Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáõæäó: ÑõÝöÚó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÃóÈöíåö íóÑúÏõ Èúäõ ãóåúáóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÒóÚóãó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäøó ÅöÏúÑöíÓó áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÈúáó äõæÍò Èóáú Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: æóíõÐúßóÑõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Ãóäøó ÅöáúíóÇÓó åõæó ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÃúäóÓõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó Èöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: «ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÎö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö» . æóáóãú íóÞõáú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÂÏóãõ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: «ãóÑúÍóÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ æóÇáöÇÈúäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö» . ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÚóãõæÏö äóÓóÈöåö áóÞóÇáó áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ áóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÍóÝöÙóåõ ÌóíøöÏðÇ Ãóæú áóÚóáøóåõ ÞóÇáóåõ áóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúåóÖúãö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÊóÕöÈú áóåõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúÃõÈõæøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÇäúÊóÕóÈó áöÂÏóãó ÃóÈöí ÇáúÈóÔóÑö¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Îóáöíáõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóåõæó ÃóßúÈóÑõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó.(1/236)
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: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ äõæÍðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö Åöäøöí áóßõãú äóÐöíÑñ ãõÈöíäñ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåó Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò Ãóáöíãò ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö ãóÇ äóÑóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöËúáóäóÇ æóãóÇ äóÑóÇßó ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÑóÇÐöáõäóÇ ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóãóÇ äóÑóì áóßõãú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáò Èóáú äóÙõäøõßõãú ßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÂÊóÇäöí ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö ÝóÚõãøöíóÊú Úóáóíúßõãú ÃóäõáúÒöãõßõãõæåóÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú áóåóÇ ßóÇÑöåõæäó æóíóÇ Þóæúãö áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãóÇáðÇ Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöØóÇÑöÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãõáóÇÞõæ ÑóÈøöåöãú æóáóßöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÞóæúãðÇ ÊóÌúåóáõæäó æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ãóäú íóäúÕõÑõäöí ãöäó Çááøóåö Åöäú ØóÑóÏúÊõåõãú ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú ÚöäúÏöí ÎóÒóÇÆöäõ Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÛóíúÈó æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ Åöäøöí ãóáóßñ æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áöáøóÐöíäó ÊóÒúÏóÑöí ÃóÚúíõäõßõãú áóäú íõÄúÊöíóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Åöäøöí ÅöÐðÇ áóãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇäõæÍõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÏóáúÊóäóÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑúÊó ÌöÏóÇáóäóÇ ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÃúÊöíßõãú Èöåö Çááøóåõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÈöãõÚúÌöÒöíäó æóáóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú äõÕúÍöí Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóäúÕóÍó áóßõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÛúæöíóßõãú åõæó ÑóÈøõßõãú æóÅöáóíúåö ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó Ãóãú íóÞõæáõæäó ÇÝúÊóÑóÇåõ Þõáú Åöäö ÇÝúÊóÑóíúÊõåõ ÝóÚóáóíøó ÅöÌúÑóÇãöí æóÃóäóÇ ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÌúÑöãõæäó æóÃõæÍöíó Åöáóì äõæÍò Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúÊóÆöÓú ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó æóÇÕúäóÚö ÇáúÝõáúßó ÈöÃóÚúíõäöäóÇ æóæóÍúíöäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÎóÇØöÈúäöí Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãõÛúÑóÞõæäó æóíóÕúäóÚõ ÇáúÝõáúßó æóßõáøóãóÇ ãóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ãóáóÃñ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö ÓóÎöÑõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÞóÇáó Åöäú ÊóÓúÎóÑõæÇ ãöäøóÇ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÎóÑõ ãöäúßõãú ßóãóÇ ÊóÓúÎóÑõæäó ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ íõÎúÒöíåö æóíóÍöáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÞöíãñ ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ æóÝóÇÑó ÇáÊøóäøõæÑõ ÞõáúäóÇ ÇÍúãöáú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ æóãóäú Âãóäó æóãóÇ Âãóäó ãóÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Þóáöíáñ æóÞóÇáó ÇÑúßóÈõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ãóÌúÑóÇåóÇ æóãõÑúÓóÇåóÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ æóåöíó ÊóÌúÑöí Èöåöãú Ýöí ãóæúÌò ßóÇáúÌöÈóÇáö æóäóÇÏóì äõæÍñ ÇÈúäóåõ æóßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÚúÒöáò íóÇÈõäóíøó ÇÑúßóÈú ãóÚóäóÇ æóáóÇ Êóßõäú ãóÚó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÓóÂæöí Åöáóì ÌóÈóáò íóÚúÕöãõäöí ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÚóÇÕöãó Çáúíóæúãó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÍöãó æóÍóÇáó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõ ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÛúÑóÞöíäó æóÞöíáó íóÇÃóÑúÖõ ÇÈúáóÚöí ãóÇÁóßö æóíóÇ ÓóãóÇÁõ ÃóÞúáöÚöí æóÛöíÖó ÇáúãóÇÁõ æóÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÇÓúÊóæóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÌõæÏöíøö æóÞöíáó ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó æóäóÇÏóì äõæÍñ ÑóÈøóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøó ÇÈúäöí ãöäú Ãóåúáöí æóÅöäøó æóÚúÏóßó ÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÃóäúÊó ÃóÍúßóãõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÞóÇáó íóÇäõæÍõ Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáößó Åöäøóåõ Úóãóáñ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÇáöÍò ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáúäöí ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ Åöäøöí ÃóÚöÙõßó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÃóÚõæÐõ Èößó Ãóäú ÃóÓúÃóáóßó ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöí Èöåö Úöáúãñ æóÅöáøóÇ ÊóÛúÝöÑú áöí æóÊóÑúÍóãúäöí Ãóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó Þöíáó íóÇäõæÍõ ÇåúÈöØú ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ æóÈóÑóßóÇÊò Úóáóíúßó æóÚóáóì Ãõãóãò ãöãøóäú ãóÚóßó æóÃõãóãñ ÓóäõãóÊøöÚõåõãú Ëõãøó íóãóÓøõåõãú ãöäøóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ Êöáúßó ãöäú ÃóäúÈóÇÁö ÇáúÛóíúÈö äõæÍöíåóÇ Åöáóíúßó ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÊóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÃóäúÊó æóáóÇ Þóæúãõßó ãöäú ÞóÈúáö åóÐóÇ ÝóÇÕúÈöÑú Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉó áöáúãõÊøóÞöíäó} [åæÏ: 25]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 76¡ 77] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó(1/241)
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[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 105 - 122] .(1/242)
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[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 75 - 82] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÊú: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ÞóÈúáóåõãú Þóæúãõ äõæÍò ÝóßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÚóÈúÏóäóÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ãóÌúäõæäñ æóÇÒúÏõÌöÑó ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÑóÈøóåõ Ãóäøöí ãóÛúáõæÈñ ÝóÇäúÊóÕöÑú ÝóÝóÊóÍúäóÇ ÃóÈúæóÇÈó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈöãóÇÁò ãõäúåóãöÑò æóÝóÌøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÚõíõæäðÇ ÝóÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏú ÞõÏöÑó æóÍóãóáúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ÐóÇÊö ÃóáúæóÇÍò æóÏõÓõÑò ÊóÌúÑöí ÈöÃóÚúíõäöäóÇ ÌóÒóÇÁð áöãóäú ßóÇäó ßõÝöÑó æóáóÞóÏú ÊóÑóßúäóÇåóÇ ÂíóÉð Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑò æóáóÞóÏú íóÓøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áöáÐøößúÑö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 9]
[äõæÍò: 1 - 28] .(1/243)
æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäú åóÐöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÓóäóÐúßõÑõ ãóÖúãõæäó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ãóÌúãõæÚðÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáúãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉö¡ æóãöãøóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ æóÇáúÂËóÇÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì ÐößúÑõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÏúÍõåõ æóÐóãøõ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì äõæÍò æóÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö æóÚöíÓóì æóÃóíøõæÈó æóíõæäõÓó æóåóÇÑõæäó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ÏóÇæõÏó ÒóÈõæÑðÇ æóÑõÓõáðÇ ÞóÏú ÞóÕóÕúäóÇåõãú Úóáóíúßó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóÑõÓõáðÇ áóãú äóÞúÕõÕúåõãú Úóáóíúßó æóßóáøóãó Çááøóåõ ãõæÓóì ÊóßúáöíãðÇ ÑõÓõáðÇ ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó áöÆóáøóÇ íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒöíÒðÇ ÍóßöíãðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 163]
[ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö: 163 - 165] .(1/244)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: {æóÊöáúßó ÍõÌøóÊõäóÇ ÂÊóíúäóÇåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Íóßöíãñ Úóáöíãñ æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó ßõáøðÇ åóÏóíúäóÇ æóäõæÍðÇ åóÏóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÃóíøõæÈó æóíõæÓõÝó æóãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó æóÒóßóÑöíøóÇ æóíóÍúíóì æóÚöíÓóì æóÅöáúíóÇÓó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÇáúíóÓóÚó æóíõæäõÓó æóáõæØðÇ æóßõáøðÇ ÝóÖøóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóãöäú ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú æóÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãú æóÇÌúÊóÈóíúäóÇåõãú æóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 83]
[ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö: 70] . æóÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÞöÕøóÊõåõ Ýöí íõæäõÓó¡ æóåõæÏò. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: {Ãóáóãú íóÃúÊößõãú äóÈóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú Þóæúãö äõæÍò æóÚóÇÏò æóËóãõæÏó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ÑõÓõáõåõãú ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö ÝóÑóÏøõæÇ ÃóíúÏöíóåõãú Ýöí ÃóÝúæóÇåöåöãú æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ßóÝóÑúäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõãú Èöåö æóÅöäøóÇ áóÝöí Ôóßøò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäóäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ãõÑöíÈò} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 9] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí(1/245)
ÓõæÑóÉö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó: {ÐõÑøöíøóÉó ãóäú ÍóãóáúäóÇ ãóÚó äõæÍò Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÔóßõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 3] . æóÞóÇáó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ: {æóßóãú ÃóåúáóßúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö äõæÍò æóßóÝóì ÈöÑóÈøößó ÈöÐõäõæÈö ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÎóÈöíÑðÇ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 17] . æóÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÞöÕøóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó¡ æóÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöíËóÇÞóåõãú æóãöäúßó æóãöäú äõæÍò æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó æóÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãöíËóÇÞðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ} [ÇáÃÍÒÇÈ: 7] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Õ: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ÞóÈúáóåõãú Þóæúãõ äõæÍò æóÚóÇÏñ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Ðõæ ÇáúÃóæúÊóÇÏö æóËóãõæÏõ æóÞóæúãõ áõæØò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈõ Åöäú ßõáøñ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÐøóÈó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ÝóÍóÞøó ÚöÞóÇÈö} [Õ: 12]
[ÛóÇÝöÑò: 5¡ 6] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõæÑóì: {ÔóÑóÚó áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ æóÕøóì Èöåö äõæÍðÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó æóãóÇ æóÕøóíúäóÇ Èöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì Ãóäú ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöíåö ßóÈõÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæåõãú Åöáóíúåö Çááøóåõ íóÌúÊóÈöí Åöáóíúåö ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóåúÏöí Åöáóíúåö ãóäú íõäöíÈõ} [ÇáÔæÑì: 13] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Þ: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ÞóÈúáóåõãú Þóæúãõ äõæÍò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö æóËóãõæÏõ æóÚóÇÏñ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäõ æóÅöÎúæóÇäõ áõæØò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö æóÞóæúãõ ÊõÈøóÚò ßõáøñ ßóÐøóÈó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ÝóÍóÞøó æóÚöíÏö} [Þ: 12]
[Þ: 12 - 14] .(1/246)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÐøóÇÑöíóÇÊö: {æóÞóæúãó äõæÍò ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 46] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáäøóÌúãö: {æóÞóæúãó äõæÍò ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ åõãú ÃóÙúáóãó æóÃóØúÛóì} [ÇáäÌã: 52] . æóÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÞöÕøóÊõåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÊö ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ äõæÍðÇ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåöãóÇ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó Ýóãöäúåõãú ãõåúÊóÏò æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú ÝóÇÓöÞõæäó} [ÇáÍÏíÏ: 26] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö: {ÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ ãóËóáðÇ áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÉó äõæÍò æóÇãúÑóÃóÉó áõæØò ßóÇäóÊóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÚóÈúÏóíúäö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍóíúäö ÝóÎóÇäóÊóÇåõãóÇ Ýóáóãú íõÛúäöíóÇ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÞöíáó ÇÏúÎõáóÇ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãóÚó ÇáÏøóÇÎöáöíäó} [ÇáÊÍÑíã: 10] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÖúãõæäõ ãóÇ ÌóÑóì áóåõ ãóÚó Þóæúãöåö ãóÃúÎõæÐðÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøóäóÉö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÂÏóãó æóäõæÍò ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÞõÑõæäò ßõáøõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáúÌöíáõ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÏøóÉõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Êöáúßó ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÉö ÍóÏóËóÊú ÃõãõæÑñ ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú Ãóäú Âáó ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÈöÃóåúáö Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóÈóÈõ Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì:(1/247)
{æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÐóÑõäøó ÂáöåóÊóßõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÐóÑõäøó æóÏøðÇ æóáóÇ ÓõæóÇÚðÇ æóáóÇ íóÛõæËó æóíóÚõæÞó æóäóÓúÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 23] . ÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÑöÌóÇáò ÕóÇáöÍöíäó ãöäú Þóæúãö äõæÍò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ åóáóßõæÇ ÃóæúÍóì ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåöãú Ãóäö ÇäúÕöÈõæÇ Åöáóì ãóÌóÇáöÓöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäõæÇ íóÌúáöÓõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÃóäúÕóÇÈðÇ æóÓóãøõæåóÇ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú¡ ÝóÝóÚóáõæÇ¡ Ýóáóãú ÊõÚúÈóÏú ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ åóáóßó ÃõæáóÆößó æóäõÓöÎó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚõÈöÏóÊú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóÕóÇÑóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóæúËóÇäõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí Þóæúãö äõæÍò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÈóÚúÏõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó.
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ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÚúÞõæÈõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõØóåøóÑö ÞóÇáó: ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò åõæó ÇáúÈóÇÞöÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ íõÕóáøöí íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúãõåóáøóÈö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇäúÝóÊóáó ãöäú ÕöáóÇÊöåö ÞóÇáó: ÐóßóÑúÊõãú íóÒöíÏó Èúäó ÇáúãõåóáøóÈö ÃóãóÇ Åöäøóåõ ÞõÊöáó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÃóÑúÖò ÚõÈöÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: ÐóßóÑó æóÏøðÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÍóÈøóÈðÇ Ýöí Þóæúãöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÚóÓúßóÑõæÇ Íóæúáó ÞóÈúÑöåö Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö ÈóÇÈöáó¡ æóÌóÒöÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÌóÒóÚóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÊóÔóÈøóåó Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÅöäúÓóÇäò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì ÌóÒóÚóßõãú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ Ýóåóáú áóßóãó Ãóäú ÃõÕóæøöÑó áóßõãú ãöËúáóåõ Ýóíóßõæäó Ýöí äóÇÏöíßõãú ÝóÊóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú. ÝóÕóæøóÑó áóåõãú ãöËúáóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: æóæóÖóÚõæåõ Ýöí äóÇÏöíåöãú æóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ãóÇ Èöåöãú ãöäú ÐößúÑöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: åóáú áóßóãó Ãóäú ÃóÌúÚóáó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúßõãú ÊöãúËóÇáðÇ ãöËúáóåõ áöíóßõæäó áóåõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö ÝóÊóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóËøóáó áößõáøö Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊò ÊöãúËóÇáðÇ ãöËúáóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäóåõ Èöåö. ÞóÇáó: æóÃóÏúÑóßó ÃóÈúäóÇÄõåõãú ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóÑóæúäó ãóÇ íóÕúäóÚõæäó Èöåö ÞóÇáó: æóÊóäóÇÓóáõæÇ¡ æóÏõÑöÓó ÃóãúÑõ ÐößúÑöåöãú ÅöíøóÇåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇÊøóÎóÐõæåõ ÅöáóåðÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåõ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóæúáóÇÏõ ÃóæúáóÇÏöåöãú ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÚõÈöÏó ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö æóÏøñ ÇáÕøóäóãõ ÇáøóÐöí Óóãøóæúåõ æóÏøðÇ.
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ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö äõæÍò. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ äõæÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÕóäóãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊöãúËóÇáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ØóÇÛõæÊðÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóÚúÊóÑöÝõæÇ ÈöæóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøó ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ßõáøõåõãú ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ åõãõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 77] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöíåö¡ æóÝöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåöãóÇ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó} [ÇáÍÏíÏ: 26] . Ãóíú: ßõáøõ äóÈöíøò ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö äõæÍò Ýóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËúäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÃõãøóÉò ÑóÓõæáðÇ Ãóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÇÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ÇáØøóÇÛõæÊó} [ÇáäÍá: 36] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÃóáú ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöäóÇ ÃóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÂáöåóÉð íõÚúÈóÏõæäó} [ÇáÒÎÑÝ: 45] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáößó ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ äõæÍöí Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏõæäö} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 25] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó äõæÍñ áöÞóæúãöåö: {ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 59] . æóÞóÇáó: {Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåó Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò Ãóáöíãò} [åæÏ: 26] . æóÞóÇáó: {íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞõæäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 23] . æóÞóÇáó: {íóÇ Þóæúãö Åöäøöí áóßõãú äóÐöíÑñ ãõÈöíäñ Ãóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÇÊøóÞõæåõ æóÃóØöíÚõæäö íóÛúÝöÑú áóßõãú ãöäú ÐõäõæÈößõãú æóíõÄóÎøöÑúßõãú Åöáóì ÃóÌóáò ãõÓóãøðì Åöäøó ÃóÌóáó Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó áóÇ íõÄóÎøóÑõ áóæú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÏóÚóæúÊõ Þóæúãöí áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÒöÏúåõãú ÏõÚóÇÆöí ÅöáøóÇ ÝöÑóÇÑðÇ æóÅöäøöí ßõáøóãóÇ ÏóÚóæúÊõåõãú áöÊóÛúÝöÑó áóåõãú ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÃóÕóÇÈöÚóåõãú Ýöí ÂÐóÇäöåöãú æóÇÓúÊóÛúÔóæúÇ ËöíóÇÈóåõãú æóÃóÕóÑøõæÇ æóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ÇÓúÊößúÈóÇÑðÇ Ëõãøó Åöäøöí ÏóÚóæúÊõåõãú ÌöåóÇÑðÇ Ëõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóäúÊõ áóåõãú æóÃóÓúÑóÑúÊõ áóåõãú ÅöÓúÑóÇÑðÇ ÝóÞõáúÊõ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãú Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÛóÝøóÇÑðÇ íõÑúÓöáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöÏúÑóÇÑðÇ æóíõãúÏöÏúßõãú ÈöÃóãúæóÇáò æóÈóäöíäó æóíóÌúÚóáú áóßõãú ÌóäøóÇÊò æóíóÌúÚóáú áóßõãú ÃóäúåóÇÑðÇ ãóÇ áóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÑúÌõæäó áöáøóåö æóÞóÇÑðÇ æóÞóÏú ÎóáóÞóßõãú ÃóØúæóÇÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 2]
[äæÍò: 2 - 14] .(1/251)
ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúßóÑöíãóÇÊö. ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Ýöí Çááøóíúáö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÇáÓøöÑøö æóÇáúÅöÌúåóÇÑö¡ ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóßõáøõ åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóäúÌóÍú Ýöíåöãú¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö æóÇáØøõÛúíóÇäö¡ æóÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö æóÇáúÃóæúËóÇäö¡ æóäóÕóÈõæÇ áóåõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉó Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò æóÃóæóÇäò¡ æóÊóäóÞøóÕõæåõ æóÊóäóÞøóÕõæÇ ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö. æóÊóæóÚøóÏõæåõãú ÈöÇáÑøóÌúãö æóÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö¡ æóäóÇáõæÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÈóÇáóÛõæÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåöãú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö. Ãóíö: ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúßõÈóÑóÇÁõ ãöäúåõãú: {ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇßó Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö áóíúÓó Èöí ÖóáóÇáóÉñ æóáóßöäøöí ÑóÓõæáñ ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 60] . Ãóíú: áóÓúÊõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÒúÚõãõæäó ãöäú Ãóäøöí ÖóÇáøñ Èóáú Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö¡ ÑóÓõæáñ ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ Ãóíö: ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ áöáÔøóíúÁö ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ {ÃõÈóáøöÛõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöí æóÃóäúÕóÍõ áóßõãú æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 62] . æóåóÐóÇ ÔóÃúäõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈóáöíÛðÇ¡ Ãóíú: ÝóÕöíÍðÇ äóÇÕöÍðÇ ÃóÚúáóãó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈÇááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó. æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ãóÇ äóÑóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöËúáóäóÇ æóãóÇ äóÑóÇßó ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÑóÇÐöáõäóÇ ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóãóÇ äóÑóì áóßõãú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáò Èóáú äóÙõäøõßõãú ßóÇÐöÈöíäó} [åæÏ: 27] . ÊóÚóÌøóÈõæÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ¡ æóÊóäóÞøóÕõæÇ Èöãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ¡ æóÑóÃóæúåõãú ÃóÑóÇÐöáóåõãú¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÞúíóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóåõãú ÖõÚóÝóÇÄõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åöÑóÞúáõ: æóåõãú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö. æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÞøö. æóÞóæúáõåõãú: ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö. Ãóíú: ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãóÇ ÏóÚóæúÊóåõãõ ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈõæÇ áóßó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóÙóÑò æóáóÇ ÑóæöíøóÉò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Ðóãøõæåõãú Èöåö(1/252)
åõæó Úóíúäõ ãóÇ íõãúÏóÍõæäó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÑóæöíøóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÝößúÑò¡ æóáóÇ äóÙóÑò. Èóáú íóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÇáöÇäúÞöíóÇÏõ áóåõ ãóÊóì ÙóåóÑó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ãóÇÏöÍðÇ áöáÕøóÏøöíÞö «. ãóÇ ÏóÚóæúÊõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ßóÈúæóÉñ ÛóíúÑó ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóáóÚúËóãú» . æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúÚóÊõåõ íóæúãó ÇáÓøóÞöíÝóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÓóÑöíÚóÉð ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóÙóÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÑóæöíøóÉò ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÊóåõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÌóáöíøóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóäõÕøó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝóÊöåö ÝóÊóÑóßóåõ. æóÞóÇáó: «íóÃúÈóì Çááøóåõ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò» . ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ßóÝóÑóÉö Þóæúãö äõæÍò áóåõ¡ æóáöãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö: {æóãóÇ äóÑóì áóßõãú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÝóÖúáò} [åæÏ: 27] . Ãóíú: áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóßõãú ÃóãúÑñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝößõãú ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÒöíøóÉñ ÚóáóíúäóÇ: {Èóáú äóÙõäøõßõãú ßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÂÊóÇäöí ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö ÝóÚõãøöíóÊú Úóáóíúßõãú ÃóäõáúÒöãõßõãõæåóÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú áóåóÇ ßóÇÑöåõæäó} [åæÏ: 27]
[åõæÏò: 27 - 28] .
æóåóÐóÇ ÊóáóØøõÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóÊóÑóÝøõÞñ Èöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ áóíøöäðÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊóÐóßøóÑõ Ãóæú íóÎúÔóì} [Øå: 44] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇÏúÚõ Åöáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÑóÈøößó ÈöÇáúÍößúãóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÚöÙóÉö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö æóÌóÇÏöáúåõãú ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ} [ÇáäÍá: 125] . æóåóÐóÇ ãöäúåõ íóÞõæáõ áóåõãú: {ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÂÊóÇäöí ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåö} [åæÏ: 28] . Ãóíøõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó {ÝóÚõãøöíóÊú Úóáóíúßõãú} [åæÏ: 28] . Ãóíú Ýóáóãú ÊóÝúåóãõæåóÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ {ÃóäõáúÒöãõßõãõæåóÇ} [åæÏ: 28] . Ãóíú ÃóäóÛúÕöÈõßõãú ÈöåóÇ¡ æóäóÌúÈõÑõßõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ {æóÃóäúÊõãú áóåóÇ ßóÇÑöåõæäó} [åæÏ: 28] .(1/253)
Ãóíú: áóíúÓó áöí Ýöíßõãú ÍöíáóÉñ æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö {æóíóÇ Þóæúãö áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãóÇáðÇ Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö} [åæÏ: 29] . Ãóíú: áóÓúÊõ ÃõÑöíÏõ ãöäúßõãú ÃõÌúÑóÉð Úóáóì ÅöÈúáóÇÛöí ÅöíøóÇßõãú ãóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇßõãú¡ æóÃõÎóÑóÇßõãú Åöäú ÃóØúáõÈú Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ËóæóÇÈõåõ ÎóíúÑñ áöí¡ æóÃóÈúÞóì ãöãøóÇ ÊõÚúØõæäóäöí ÃóäúÊõãú. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöØóÇÑöÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãõáóÇÞõæ ÑóÈøöåöãú æóáóßöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÞóæúãðÇ ÊóÌúåóáõæäó} [åæÏ: 29] ßóÃóäøóåõãú ØóáóÈõæÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íõÈúÚöÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóäúåõ¡ æóæóÚóÏõæåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚõæÇ Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíúåöãú Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõãú ãõáóÇÞõæ ÑóÈøöåöãú ÝóÃóÎóÇÝõ Åöäú ØóÑóÏóÊúåõãú Ãóäú íóÔúßõæäöí Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ãóäú íóäúÕõÑõäöí ãöäó Çááøóåö Åöäú ØóÑóÏúÊõåõãú ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó} [åæÏ: 30] . æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáó ßõÝøóÇÑõ ÞõÑóíúÔò ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäú íóØúÑõÏó Úóäúåõ ÖõÚóÝóÇÁó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ; ßóÚóãøóÇÑò¡ æóÕõåóíúÈò¡ æóÈöáóÇáò¡ æóÎóÈøóÇÈò¡ æóÃóÔúÈóÇåöåöãú äóåóÇåõ Çááøóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÊóíö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö¡ æóÇáúßóåúÝö: {æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú ÚöäúÏöí ÎóÒóÇÆöäõ Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÛóíúÈó æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ Åöäøöí ãóáóßñ} [åæÏ: 31] . Ãóíú Èóáú ÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏñ ÑóÓõæáñ áóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäú Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãóäöí Èöåö. æóáóÇ ÃóÞúÏöÑõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÞúÏóÑóäöí Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóãúáößõ áöäóÝúÓöí äóÝúÚðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÖóÑøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ {æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áöáøóÐöíäó ÊóÒúÏóÑöí ÃóÚúíõäõßõãú} [åæÏ: 31] . íóÚúäöí ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö {áóäú íõÄúÊöíóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Åöäøöí ÅöÐðÇ áóãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [åæÏ: 31] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÃóÔúåóÏõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ ÎóíúÑó áóåõãú ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöåöãú¡ æóÓóíõÌóÇÒöíåöãú Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí äõÝõæÓöåöãú Åöäú ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÎóíúÑñ¡ æóÅöäøó ÔóÑøðÇ ÝóÔóÑøñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÂÎóÑö: {ÃóäõÄúãöäõ áóßó æóÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ÇáúÃóÑúÐóáõæäó ÞóÇáó æóãóÇ Úöáúãöí ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó Åöäú ÍöÓóÇÈõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÈøöí áóæú ÊóÔúÚõÑõæäó æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈöØóÇÑöÏö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöäú ÃóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ äóÐöíÑñ ãõÈöíäñ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 111] .(1/254)
æóÞóÏú ÊóØóÇæóáó ÇáÒøóãóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÈöËó Ýöíåöãú ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ ÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ æóåõãú ÙóÇáöãõæäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 14] . Ãóíú: æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ÇáØøóæöíáóÉö ÝóãóÇ Âãóäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøóãóÇ ÇäúÞóÑóÖó Ìöíáñ æóÕøóæúÇ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö. æóãõÍóÇÑóÈóÊöåö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇáöÏõ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó æóáóÏõåõ æóÚóÞóáó Úóäúåõ ßóáóÇãóåõ æóÕøóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÄúãöäó ÈöäõæÍò ÃóÈóÏðÇ ãóÇ ÚóÇÔó æóÏóÇÆöãðÇ ãóÇ ÈóÞöíó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÓóÌóÇíóÇåõãú ÊóÃúÈóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÇ íóáöÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÌöÑðÇ ßóÝøóÇÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 27] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {íóÇ äõæÍõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÏóáúÊóäóÇ ÝóÃóßúËóÑúÊó ÌöÏóÇáóäóÇ ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÃúÊöíßõãú Èöåö Çááøóåõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÈöãõÚúÌöÒöíäó} [åæÏ: 32]
[åõæÏò: 34] . Ãóíú: ãóäú íõÑöÏö Çááøóåõ ÝöÊúäóÊóåõ Ýóáóäú íóãúáößó ÃóÍóÏñ åöÏóÇíóÊóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÏöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ æóíõÖöáøõ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÝóÚøóÇáõ áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ Èöãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúåöÏóÇíóÉó æóãóäú íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÛöæóÇíóÉó¡ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇãöÛóÉõ {æóÃõæÍöíó Åöáóì äõæÍò Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúÊóÆöÓú ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó} [åæÏ: 36] . æóåóÐöåö ÊóÚúÒöíóÉñ áöäõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí Þóæúãöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó¡ æóÊóÓúáöíóÉñ áóåõ ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú Åöáóíúåö {ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúÊóÆöÓú ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó} [åæÏ: 36] . Ãóíú: áóÇ íóÓõæÃóäøóßó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÕúÑó ÞóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÇáäøóÈóÃó ÚóÌöíÈñ(1/255)
{æóÇÕúäóÚö ÇáúÝõáúßó ÈöÃóÚúíõäöäóÇ æóæóÍúíöäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÎóÇØöÈúäöí Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãõÛúÑóÞõæäó} [åæÏ: 37] .(1/256)
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó äõæÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ íóÆöÓó ãöäú ÕóáóÇÍöåöãú¡ æóÝóáóÇÍöåöãú¡ æóÑóÃóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ ÎóíúÑó Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÊóæóÕøóáõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóÐöíøóÊöåö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÊóßúÐöíÈöåö Èößõáøö ØóÑöíÞò ãöäú ÝöÚóÇáò¡ æóãóÞóÇáò ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÏóÚúæóÉó ÛóÖóÈò áöáøóåö ÝóáóÈøóì Çááøóåõ ÏóÚúæóÊóåõ æóÃóÌóÇÈó ØöáúÈóÊóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú äóÇÏóÇäóÇ äõæÍñ ÝóáóäöÚúãó ÇáúãõÌöíÈõæäó æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÑúÈö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 75]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 76] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøó Þóæúãöí ßóÐøóÈõæäö ÝóÇÝúÊóÍú Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóåõãú ÝóÊúÍðÇ æäóÌøöäöí æóãóäú ãóÚöíó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 117]
[ÇáúÞóãóÑö: 10] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇäúÕõÑúäöí ÈöãóÇ ßóÐøóÈõæäö} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 26] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãöãøóÇ ÎóØöíÆóÇÊöåöãú ÃõÛúÑöÞõæÇ ÝóÃõÏúÎöáõæÇ äóÇÑðÇ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏõæÇ áóåõãú ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóäúÕóÇÑðÇ æóÞóÇáó äõæÍñ ÑóÈøö áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ Åöäøóßó Åöäú ÊóÐóÑúåõãú íõÖöáøõæÇ ÚöÈóÇÏóßó æóáóÇ íóáöÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇÌöÑðÇ ßóÝøóÇÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 25] .(1/256)
Ãóíú íóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõæäó Èöåö ÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏðÇ áöæõÞõæÚö ãóÇ ÊóæóÚøóÏóåõãú Èöåö ÞóÇáó {Åöäú ÊóÓúÎóÑõæÇ ãöäøóÇ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÓúÎóÑõ ãöäúßõãú ßóãóÇ ÊóÓúÎóÑõæäó} [åæÏ: 38] . Ãóíú: äóÍúäõ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÓúÎóÑõ ãöäúßõãú¡ æóäóÊóÚóÌøóÈõ ãöäúßõãú Ýöí ÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑößõãú Úóáóì ßõÝúÑößõãú¡ æóÚöäóÇÏößõãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞúÊóÖöí æõÞõæÚó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èößõãú æóÍõáõæáóåõ Úóáóíúßõãú {ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ íõÎúÒöíåö æóíóÍöáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÞöíãñ} [åæÏ: 39] . æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ÓóÌóÇíóÇåõãõ ÇáúßõÝúÑó ÇáúÛóáöíÙó¡ æóÇáúÚöäóÇÏó ÇáúÈóÇáöÛó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÌúÍóÏõæäó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÌóÇÁóåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÑóÓõæáñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èúäõ ÒöíóÇÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «íóÌöíÁõ äõæÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃõãøóÊõåõ ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: åóáú ÈóáøóÛúÊó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: äóÚóãú. Ãóíú ÑóÈøö. ÝóíóÞõæáõ áöÃõãøóÊöåö: åóáú ÈóáøóÛóßõãú. ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ãöäú äóÈöíøò. ÝóíóÞõæáõ áöäõæÍò: ãóäú íóÔúåóÏõ áóßó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóÃõãøóÊõåõ. ÝóÊóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÈóáøóÛó. æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 143] » [ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 143] .
æóÇáúæóÓóØõ: ÇáúÚóÏúáõ ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÊóÔúåóÏõ Úóáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÉö äóÈöíøöåóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞö ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú ÈóÚóËó äõæÍðÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö. æóÃóäøóåõ ÈóáøóÛóåõ Åöáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö Úóáóì Ãóßúãóáö ÇáúæõÌõæåö æóÃóÊóãøöåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÏóÚú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõãú Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑóåõãú Èöåö. æóáóÇ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú íóÖõÑøõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú äóåóÇåõãú Úóäúåõ æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãú ãöäúåõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÔóÃúäõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÑøõÓõáö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ ÍóÐøóÑó Þóæúãóåõ ÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÚõ(1/257)
ÎõÑõæÌóåõ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåöãú ÍóÐóÑðÇ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÔóÝóÞóÉð æóÑóÍúãóÉð Èöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó¡ Úóäö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö ÞóÇáó ÓóÇáöãñ: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó: «ÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÃóËúäóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÈöãóÇ åõæó Ãóåúáõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóÃõäúÐöÑößõãõæåõ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäú äóÈöíøò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÐóÑóåõ Þóæúãõåõ¡ áóÞóÏú ÃóäúÐóÑóåõ äõæÍñ Þóæúãóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøöí ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú Ýöíåö ÞóæúáðÇ áóãú íóÞõáúåõ äóÈöíøñ áöÞóæúãöåö ; ÊóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÚúæóÑõ¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóíúÓó ÈöÃóÚúæóÑó» . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔóíúÈóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóËöíÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÃóáóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõßõãú Úóäö ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáö ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËó Èöåö äóÈöíøñ Þóæúãóåõ¿ Åöäøóåõ ÃóÚúæóÑõ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöíÁõ ãóÚóåõ ÈöãöËóÇáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáøóÊöí íóÞõæáõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÇáúÌóäøóÉõ åöíó ÇáäøóÇÑõ¡ æóÅöäøöí ÃõäúÐöÑõßõãú ßóãóÇ ÃóäúÐóÑó Èöåö äõæÍñ Þóæúãóåõ» . áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóáóÝö: áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÃóãúÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÛúÑöÓó ÔóÌóÑðÇ áöíóÚúãóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉó ÝóÛóÑóÓóåõ¡ æóÇäúÊóÙóÑóåõ ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóäóÉò¡ Ëõãøó äóÌóÑóåõ Ýöí ãöÇÆóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì. æóÞöíáó: Ýöí ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö: æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÎóÔóÈö ÇáÓøóÇÌö. æóÞöíáó: ãöäó ÇáÕøóäóæúÈóÑö. æóåõæó äóÕøõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáó ØõæáóåóÇ ËóãóÇäöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÚóÑúÖóåóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÃóäú íõØúáóì ÙóÇåöÑõåóÇ æóÈóÇØöäõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäú íóÌúÚóáó áóåóÇ ÌõÄúÌõÄðÇ ÃóÒúæóÑó íóÔõÞøõ ÇáúãóÇÁó. æóÞóÇáó(1/258)
ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ßóÇäó ØõæáõåóÇ ËóáóËóãöÇÆóÉö ÐöÑóÇÚò Ýöí ÚóÑúÖö ÎóãúÓöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: ÓöÊøõãöÇÆóÉò Ýöí ÚóÑúÖö ËóáóËöãöÇÆóÉò. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÃóáúÝñ æóãöÇÆóÊóÇ ÐöÑóÇÚò Ýöí ÚóÑúÖö ÓöÊøöãöÇÆóÉö ÐöÑóÇÚò. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó ØõæáõåóÇ ÃóáúÝóíú ÐöÑóÇÚò¡ æóÚóÑúÖõåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉõ ÐöÑóÇÚò¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ ßõáøõåõãú: æóßóÇäó ÇÑúÊöÝóÇÚõåóÇ ËóáóÇËöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ËóáóÇËó ØóÈóÞóÇÊò ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÚóÔúÑõ ÃóÐúÑõÚò ; ÝóÇáÓøõÝúáóì áöáÏøóæóÇÈøö æóÇáúæõÍõæÔö¡ æóÇáúæõÓúØóì áöáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÇáúÚõáúíóÇ áöáØøõíõæÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÈóÇÈõåóÇ Ýöí ÚóÑúÖöåóÇ¡ æóáóåóÇ ÛöØóÇÁñ ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåóÇ ãõØúÈóÞñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇäúÕõÑúäöí ÈöãóÇ ßóÐøóÈõæäö ÝóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäö ÇÕúäóÚö ÇáúÝõáúßó ÈöÃóÚúíõäöäóÇ æóæóÍúíöäóÇ} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 26] . Ãóíú ; ÈöÃóãúÑöäóÇ áóßó¡ æóÈöãóÑúÃóì ãöäøóÇ áöÕóäúÚóÊößó áóåóÇ¡ æóãõÔóÇåóÏóÊöäóÇ áöÐóáößó áöäõÑúÔöÏóßó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö Ýöí ÕóäúÚóÊöåóÇ {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ æóÝóÇÑó ÇáÊøóäøõæÑõ ÝóÇÓúáõßú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäúåõãú æóáóÇ ÊõÎóÇØöÈúäöí Ýöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãõÛúÑóÞõæäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 27] . ÝóÊóÞóÏøóãó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÃóãúÑöåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÚóÇáöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõåõ¡ æóÍóáøó ÈóÃúÓõåõ Ãóäú íóÍúãöáó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÑõæÍñ ãöäó ÇáúãóÃúßõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ áöÈóÞóÇÁö äóÓúáöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóÍúãöáó ãóÚóåõ Ãóåúáóåõ Ãóíú: Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäúåõãú ; Ãóíú ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú äóÝóÐóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÑóÏøõ¡ æóæóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Íõáõæáõ ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÑóÇÌöÚóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÅöÐóÇ Íóáøó Èöåöãú ãóÇ íõÚóÇíöäõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÍóÊøóãóåõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÝóÚøóÇáõ áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÈóíóÇäóåõ ÞóÈúáõ.(1/259)
æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóäøõæÑö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö æóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóíú ; äóÈóÚóÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÑúÌóÇÆöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì äóÈóÚóÊö ÇáÊøóäóÇäöíÑõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóÍóÇáøõ ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÇáÊøóäøõæÑõ Úóíúäñ Ýöí ÇáúåöäúÏö. æóÚóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö: ÈöÇáúßõæÝóÉö. æóÚóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó: ÈöÇáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö. æóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóäøõæÑö ÝóáóÞõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍö. æóÊóäúæöíÑõ ÇáúÝóÌúÑö Ãóíú: ÅöÔúÑóÇÞõåõ æóÖöíóÇÄõåõ Ãóíú: ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇÍúãöáú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæúáñ ÛóÑöíÈñ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ æóÝóÇÑó ÇáÊøóäøõæÑõ ÞõáúäóÇ ÇÍúãöáú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ æóãóäú Âãóäó æóãóÇ Âãóäó ãóÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Þóáöíáñ} [åæÏ: 40] . åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ËóÇäò ÚöäúÏó Íõáõæáö ÇáäøöÞúãóÉö Èöåöãú Ãóäú íóÍúãöáó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö. æóÝöí ßöÊóÇÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÍúãöáó ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÇ íõÄúßóáõ ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóÒúæóÇÌò¡ æóãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÄóßóáõ ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÐóßóÑðÇ æóÃõäúËóì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áöãóÝúåõæãö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøö: ÇËúäóíúäö. Åöäú ÌóÚúáóäóÇ Ðóáößó ãóÝúÚõæáðÇ Èöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ ÊóæúßöíÏðÇ áöÒóæúÌóíúäö¡ æóÇáúãóÝúÚõæáõ Èöåö ãóÍúÐõæÝñ ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÝöíó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóíõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Ãóäøó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÏóÎóáó ãöäó ÇáØøõíõæÑö ÇáÏøõÑøóÉõ¡ æóÂÎöÑõ ãóÇ ÏóÎóáó ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑõ¡ æóÏóÎóáó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÐóäóÈö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡(1/260)
ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇááøóíúËõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí åöÔóÇãõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ Íóãóáó äõæÍñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ãöäú ßõáøò ÒóæúÌóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö ÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõåõ: æóßóíúÝó äõØóãúÆöäõ Ãóæú ßóíúÝó ÊóØúãóÆöäøõ ÇáúãóæóÇÔöí æóãóÚóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÓóÏõ¿ ÝóÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍõãøóì ÝóßóÇäóÊú Ãóæøóáó Íõãøóì äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÔóßóæõÇ ÇáúÝóÃúÑóÉó ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÝõæóíúÓöÞóÉõ ÊõÝúÓöÏõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ØóÚóÇãóäóÇ æóãóÊóÇÚóäóÇ¡ ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓóÏö ÝóÚóØóÓó ÝóÎóÑóÌóÊö ÇáúåöÑøóÉõ ãöäúåõ ÝóÊóÎóÈøóÃóÊö ÇáúÝóÃúÑóÉõ ãöäúåóÇ» . åóÐóÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ} [åæÏ: 40] . Ãóíú ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÌóÈúÊõ Ýöíåöãõ ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉó ÇáäøóÇÝöÐóÉó ãöãøóäú ßóÝóÑó ÝóßóÇäó ãöäúåõãö ÇÈúäõåõ íóÇãñ ÇáøóÐöí ÛóÑöÞó¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ: æóãóäú Âãóäó¡ Ãóíú æóÇÍúãöáú ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú Âãóäó Èößó ãöäú ÃõãøóÊößó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ Âãóäó ãóÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Þóáöíáñ} [åæÏ: 40] . åóÐóÇ ãóÚó Øõæáö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö æóÇáúãõÞóÇãö Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑöåöãú¡ æóÏóÚúæóÊöåöãõ ÇáúÃóßöíÏóÉö áóíúáðÇ æóäóåóÇÑðÇ ÈöÖõÑõæÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇáö¡ æóÝõäõæäö ÇáÊøóáóØøõÝóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÊøóåúÏöíÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáúæóÚúÏö ÃõÎúÑóì.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ãóäú ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ; ÝóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ßóÇäõæÇ ËóãóÇäöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ ãóÚóåõãú äöÓóÇÄõåõãú. æóÚóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ßóÇäõæÇ ÇËúäóíúäö æóÓóÈúÚöíäó äóÝúÓðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉð. æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ äõæÍðÇ æóÈóäöíåö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó¡ æóßóäóÇÆöäóåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚó ÈöÇãúÑóÃóÉö íóÇãò ÇáøóÐöí ÇäúÎóÒóáó æóÇäúÚóÒóáó æóÓóáóßó ÛóíúÑó ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÌóÇÉö ÝóãóÇ ÚóÏóáó ÅöÐú ÚóÏóáó. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöíåö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉñ áöÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö Èóáú åöíó äóÕøñ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÑóßöÈó ãóÚóåõ(1/261)
ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóåúáöåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöãøóäú Âãóäó Èöåö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóäóÌøöäöí æóãóäú ãóÚöíó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 118] . æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ÓóÈúÚóÉð. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ äõæÍò¡ æóåöíó Ãóãøõ ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ßõáøöåöãú ; æóåõãú ÍóÇãñ¡ æöÓóÇãñ¡ æóíóÇÝöËõ¡ æíÇãñ¡ æóÊõÓóãøöíåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßóäúÚóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÛóÑöÞó¡ æóÚóÇÈöÑñ. æóÞóÏú ãóÇÊó ÞóÈúáó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö. Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÛóÑöÞóÊú ãóÚó ãóäú ÛóÑöÞó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ãöãøóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ áößõÝúÑöåóÇ. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÝóÑóÊú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõäúÙöÑóÊú áöíóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áöÞóæúáöåö: {áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 26] . ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóæóíúÊó ÃóäúÊó æóãóäú ãóÚóßó Úóáóì ÇáúÝõáúßö ÝóÞõáö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí äóÌøóÇäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó æóÞõáú ÑóÈøö ÃóäúÒöáúäöí ãõäúÒóáðÇ ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ æóÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúãõäúÒöáöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 28]
[ÇáÒøõÎúÑõÝö: 12 - 14] . æóåóßóÐóÇ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáúÈóÑóßóÉö¡ æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÊõåóÇ ãóÍúãõæÏóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÑóÓõæáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Íöíäó åóÇÌóÑó: {æóÞõáú ÑóÈøö ÃóÏúÎöáúäöí ãõÏúÎóáó ÕöÏúÞò æóÃóÎúÑöÌúäöí ãõÎúÑóÌó ÕöÏúÞò æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí ãöäú áóÏõäúßó ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ äóÕöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 80] .(1/262)
æóÞóÏö ÇãúÊóËóáó äõæÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó {æóÞóÇáó ÇÑúßóÈõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ãóÌúÑóÇåóÇ æóãõÑúÓóÇåóÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [åæÏ: 41] . Ãóíú Úóáóì ÇÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÓóíúÑöåóÇ æóÇäúÊöåóÇÄõåõ {Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [åæÏ: 41] . Ãóíú æóÐõæ ÚöÞóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÛóÝõæÑðÇ ÑóÍöíãðÇ áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ ÈóÃúÓõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÍóáøó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ Èöåö. æóÚóÈóÏõæÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåöíó ÊóÌúÑöí Èöåöãú Ýöí ãóæúÌò ßóÇáúÌöÈóÇáö} [åæÏ: 42] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÑúÓóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóØóÑðÇ áóãú ÊóÚúåóÏúåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõãúØöÑúåõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßóÇäó ßóÃóÝúæóÇåö ÇáúÞöÑóÈö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝóäóÈóÚóÊú ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÝöÌóÇÌöåóÇ æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÑúÌóÇÆöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÑóÈøóåõ Ãóäøöí ãóÛúáõæÈñ ÝóÇäúÊóÕöÑú ÝóÝóÊóÍúäóÇ ÃóÈúæóÇÈó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈöãóÇÁò ãõäúåóãöÑò æóÝóÌøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÚõíõæäðÇ ÝóÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ÞóÏú ÞõÏöÑó æóÍóãóáúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ÐóÇÊö ÃóáúæóÇÍò æóÏõÓõÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 10] Ãóíú ÈöÍöÝúÙöäóÇ æóßóáóÇÁóÊöäóÇ æóÍöÑóÇÓóÊöäóÇ æóãõÔóÇåóÏóÊöäóÇ áóåóÇ {ÌóÒóÇÁð áöãóäú ßóÇäó ßõÝöÑó} [ÇáÞãÑ: 14] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäó ßóÇäó Ýöí ËóÇáöËó ÚóÔóÑó ÔóåúÑö ÂÈò Ýöí ÍóãóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÞóíúÙö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ áóãøóÇ ØóÛóì ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÍóãóáúäóÇßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 11] . Ãóíö ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö. {áöäóÌúÚóáóåóÇ áóßõãú ÊóÐúßöÑóÉð æóÊóÚöíóåóÇ ÃõÐõäñ æóÇÚöíóÉñ} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 12] . ÞóÇáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÃóÚúáóì ÌóÈóáò ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóãúÓóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ. æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóÞöíáó: ËóãóÇäöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ. æóÚóãøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ; ØõæáóåóÇ æóÇáúÚóÑúÖó¡ ÓóåúáóåóÇ æóÍóÒúäóåóÇ¡ æóÌöÈóÇáóåóÇ¡ æóÞöÝóÇÑóåóÇ æóÑöãóÇáóåóÇ¡ æóáóãú(1/263)
íóÈúÞó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁö Úóíúäñ ÊóØúÑöÝõ¡ æóáóÇ ÕóÛöíÑñ æóáóÇ ßóÈöíÑñ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãóÇáößñ¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó: ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÞóÏú ãóáóÆõæÇ ÇáÓøóåúáó æóÇáúÌóÈóáó. æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó: áóãú Êóßõäú ÈõÞúÚóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöáøóÇ æóáóåóÇ ãóÇáößñ æóÍóÇÆöÒñ. ÑóæóÇåõãóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò. {æóäóÇÏóì äõæÍñ ÇÈúäóåõ æóßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÚúÒöáò íóÇ Èõäóíøó ÇÑúßóÈú ãóÚóäóÇ æóáóÇ Êóßõäú ãóÚó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÓóÂæöí Åöáóì ÌóÈóáò íóÚúÕöãõäöí ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÚóÇÕöãó Çáúíóæúãó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÑóÍöãó æóÍóÇáó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÇáúãóæúÌõ ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÛúÑóÞöíäó} [åæÏ: 42] . Ãóíú ; áóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöãøóäú ÚóÈóÏó ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ãóäú ÊóÈúáóÚó ãóÇÁóåóÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁó Ãóäú ÊõÞúáöÚó. Ãóíú ÊõãúÓößõ Úóäö ÇáúãóØóÑö æóÛöíÖó ÇáúãóÇÁõ. Ãóíú äóÞóÕó ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäó æóÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ Ãóíú æóÞóÚó Èöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí Úöáúãöåö æóÞóÏóÑöåö¡ ãöäú ÅöÍúáóÇáöåö Èöåöãú ãóÇ Íóáøó Èöåöãú {æóÞöíáó ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [åæÏ: 44] . Ãóíú ; äõæÏöíó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöáöÓóÇäö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÈõÚúÏðÇ áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö æóÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ ÝóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝõáúßö æóÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ Úóãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 64] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ ÝóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝõáúßö æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÎóáóÇÆöÝó æóÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõäúÐóÑöíäó} [íæäÓ: 73] .(1/264)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóäóÕóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ Þóæúãó ÓóæúÁò ÝóÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 77] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇåõ æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝõáúßö ÇáúãóÔúÍõæäö Ëõãøó ÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 119]
[ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 14 - 15] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 82] æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóÞóÏú ÊóÑóßúäóÇåóÇ ÂíóÉð Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑò æóáóÞóÏú íóÓøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áöáÐøößúÑö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 15]
[äõæÍò: 25 - 27] . æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ ÏóÚúæóÊóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäúåõãú Úóíúäñ ÊóØúÑöÝõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÇäö: ÃóÈõæ ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõæÓóì Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÒøóãúÚöíøö¡ Úóäú ÝóÇÆöÏò ãóæúáóì ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÇÝöÚò¡ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈöíÚóÉó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãõãøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó(1/265)
ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõ¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Ýóáóæú ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ãöäú Þóæúãö äõæÍò ÃóÍóÏðÇ áöÑóÍöãö Ãõãøó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö» . ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóßóËó äõæÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí Þóæúãöåö ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò íóÚúäöí ÅöáøóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÛóÑóÓó ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóäóÉò ÇáÔøóÌóÑó ÝóÚóÙõãóÊú¡ æóÐóåóÈóÊú ßõáøó ãóÐúåóÈò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóØóÚóåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÓóÝöíäóÉð¡ æóíóãõÑøõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíóÓúÎóÑõæäó ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÊóÚúãóáõ ÓóÝöíäóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøö ßóíúÝó ÊóÌúÑöí. ÞóÇáó: ÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÑóÛó æóäóÈóÚó ÇáúãóÇÁõ æóÕóÇÑó Ýöí ÇáÓøößóßö. ÎóÔöíóÊú Ãõãøõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö æóßóÇäóÊú ÊõÍöÈøõåõ ÍõÈøðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ ÎóÑóÌóÊú Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛóÊú ËõáúËóåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛóåóÇ ÇáúãóÇÁõ¡ ÎóÑóÌóÊú Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóæóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÑóÞóÈóÊóåóÇ ÑóÝóÚóÊúåõ ÈöíóÏóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÛóÑöÞóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ áöÑóÍöãö Ãõãøó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö» . æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäú ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑö æóÇÍöÏò ÔóÈöíåñ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö¡ æóÃóÍúÑóì ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ ãõÊóáóÞøðì Úóäú ãöËúáö ßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íõÈúÞö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÒúÚõãõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: Ãóäøó ÚõæóÌó Èúäó ÚõäõÞó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇÈúäó ÚöäóÇÞó ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö äõæÍò Åöáóì ÒóãóÇäö ãõæÓóì æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ßóÇäó ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ãõÊóãóÑøöÏðÇ ÌóÈøóÇÑðÇ ÚóäöíÏðÇ¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ßóÇäó áöÛóíúÑö ÑöÔúÏóÉò Èóáú æóáóÏóÊúåõ Ãõãøõåõ ÚõäõÞõ ÈöäúÊõ ÂÏóãó ãöäú ÒöäðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÃúÎõÐõ ãöäú Øõæáöåö ÇáÓøóãóßó ãöäú ÞóÑóÇÑö ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö¡ æóíóÔúæöíåö Ýöí Úóíúäö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ áöäõæÍò¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö: ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞõÕóíúÚóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áóßó¡ æóíóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõ Èöåö. æóíóÐúßõÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Øõæáõåõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÂáóÇÝö ÐöÑóÇÚò æóËóáóÇËöãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ æóËõáõËðÇ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúåóÐóíóÇäóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóæúáóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÓóØøóÑóÉñ Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáÊøóÝóÇÓöíÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÑöíÎö¡ æóÃóíøóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóãóÇ ÊóÚóÑøóÖúäóÇ áöÍößóÇíóÊöåóÇ áöÓóÞóÇØóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÑóßóÇßóÊöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉñ áöáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö.(1/266)
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÓõæÛõ Ýöíåö Ãóäú íõåúáößó Çááøóåõ æóáóÏó äõæÍò áößõÝúÑöåö¡ æóÃóÈõæåõ äóÈöíøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÒóÚöíãõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ íõåúáößõ ÚõæÌó Èúäó ÚõäõÞó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÚóäóÇÞõ. æóåõæó ÃóÙúáóãõ æóÃóØúÛóì Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ¡ æóßóíúÝó áóÇ íóÑúÍóãõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ãõãøó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÕøóÈöíøó¡ æóíóÊúÑõßõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóÚöíøó ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑó ÇáúÚóäöíÏó ÇáúÝóÇÌöÑó ÇáÔøóÏöíÏó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ÇáúãóÑöíÏó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ¿ !
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóÛúÑóÞúäóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 82] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö áóÇ ÊóÐóÑú Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó ÏóíøóÇÑðÇ} [äæÍ: 26] Ëõãøó åóÐóÇ ÇáØøõæáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó æóØõæáõåõ ÓöÊøõæäó ÐöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íóÒóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ íóäúÞõÕõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÂäó» . ÝóåóÐóÇ äóÕøõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãóÕúÏõæÞö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì. Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÒóáö ÇáúÎóáúÞõ íóäúÞõÕõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÂäó Ãóíú ; áóãú íóÒóáö ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí äõÞúÕóÇäò Ýöí Øõæáöåöãú ãöäú ÂÏóãó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
æóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÂÏóãó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÃóØúæóáó ãöäúåõ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÊúÑóßõ åóÐóÇ æóíõÐúåóáõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóíõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúßóÐóÈóÉö ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÏøóáõæÇ ßõÊóÈó Çááøóåö ÇáúãõäóÒøóáóÉó æóÍóÑøóÝõæåóÇ æóÃóæøóáõæåóÇ æóæóÖóÚõæåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßó ÈöãóÇ åõãú íóÓúÊóÞöáøõæäó ÈöäóÞúáöåö Ãóæú íõÄúÊóãóäõæäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúßóÐóÈóÉõ ÇáúÎóæóäóÉõ¡ Úóáóíúåöãú áöÚóÇÆöäõ Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚóÉõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö. æóãóÇ ÃóÙõäøõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Úóäú ÚõæÌó Èúäö ÚóäóÇÞó ÅöáøóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÞðÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÊöåöãú æóÝõÌøóÇÑöåöãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÚúÏóÇÁó(1/267)
ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõäóÇÔóÏóÉó äõæÍò ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí æóáóÏöåö¡ æóÓõÄóÇáóåõ áóåõ Úóäú ÛóÑóÞöåö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúáóÇãö æóÇáöÇÓúÊößúÔóÇÝö¡ æóæóÌúåõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Ãóäøóßó æóÚóÏúÊóäöí ÈöäóÌóÇÉö Ãóåúáöí ãóÚöí æóåõæó ãöäúåõãú æóÞóÏú ÛóÑöÞó ÝóÃõÌöíÈó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáößó Ãóíö ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÚóÏúÊõ ÈöäóÌóÇÊöåöãú Ãóíú ÃóãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ áóßó: {æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäúåõãú} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 27] . ÝóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóäú ÓóÈóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÃóäú ÓóíóÛúÑóÞõ ÈößõÝúÑöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÓóÇÞóÊúåõ ÇáúÃóÞúÏóÇÑõ Åöáóì Ãóäö ÇäúÍóÇÒó Úóäú ÍóæúÒóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÝóÛóÑöÞó ãóÚó ÍöÒúÈöåö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáØøõÛúíóÇäö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þöíáó íóÇ äõæÍõ ÇåúÈöØú ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ æóÈóÑóßóÇÊò Úóáóíúßó æóÚóáóì Ãõãóãò ãöãøóäú ãóÚóßó æóÃõãóãñ ÓóäõãóÊøöÚõåõãú Ëõãøó íóãóÓøõåõãú ãöäøóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [åæÏ: 48] . åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ áöäõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ äóÖóÈó ÇáúãóÇÁõ Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóãúßóäó ÇáÓøóÚúíõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Ãóäú íóåúÈöØó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøóÊú ÈóÚúÏó ÓóíúÑöåóÇ ÇáúÚóÙöíãö Úóáóì ÙóåúÑö ÌóÈóáö ÇáúÌõæÏöíøö æóåõæó ÌóÈóáñ ÈöÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÐößúÑóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö {ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ æóÈóÑóßóÇÊò} [åæÏ: 48] . Ãóíö ÇåúÈöØú ÓóÇáöãðÇ ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ Úóáóíúßó¡ æóÚóáóì Ãõãóãò ãöãøóäú ÓóíõæáóÏõ ÈóÚúÏõ. Ãóíú ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏößó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóãú íóÌúÚóáú áöÃóÍóÏò ãöãøóäú ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó äóÓúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÞöÈðÇ Óöæóì äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÐõÑøöíøóÊóåõ åõãõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 77] . Ýóßõáøõ ãóäú Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Çáúíóæúãó ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÌúäóÇÓö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó íóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì ÃóæúáóÇÏö äõæÍò ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ; æóåõãú ÓóÇãñ¡ æóÍóÇãñ¡ æóíóÇÝöËõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÓóãõÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÓóÇãñ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóÍóÇãñ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÈóÔö¡ æóíóÇÝöËõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÑøõæãö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäú ÈöÔúÑö Èúäö ãõÚóÇÐò ÇáúÚóÞóÏöíøö¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÒõÑóíúÚò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÑõæÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ Úóäú ÓóãõÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ äóÍúæóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö: æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÍõÕóíúäò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöËúáóåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÑøõæãö åõäóÇ ÇáÑøõæãõ ÇáúÃõæóáõ¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúíõæäóÇäõ ÇáúãõäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóì Ñõæãöíøö Èúäö áöíØöíøö Èúäö íõæäóÇäó Èúäö íóÇÝöËó Èúäö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. Ëõãøó Ñõæöíó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóíøóÇÔò¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: æóáóÏõ äõæÍò ËóáóÇËóÉñ: ÓóÇãñ¡ æóíóÇÝöËõ¡ æóÍóÇãñ. æóæóáóÏó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ËóáóÇËóÉð ; ÝóæóáóÏó ÓóÇãñ ÇáúÚóÑóÈó æóÝóÇÑöÓó æóÇáÑøõæãó. æóæóáóÏó íóÇÝöËõ ÇáÊøõÑúßó æóÇáÓøóÞóÇáöÈóÉó æóíóÃúÌõæÌó æóãóÃúÌõæÌó. æóæóáóÏó ÍóÇãñ ÇáúÞöÈúØó æóÇáÓøõæÏóÇäó æóÇáúÈóÑúÈóÑó. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ åóÇäöÆò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍõÓóíúäö Èúäö ÚóÈøóÇÏò ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÞóÇáóÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÓöäóÇäò ÇáÑøóåóÇæöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «æõáöÏó áöäõæÍò ; ÓóÇãñ(1/268)
æóÍóÇãñ¡ æóíóÇÝöËõ. ÝóæõáöÏó áöÓóÇãò ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ æóÝóÇÑöÓõ æóÇáÑøõæãõ¡ æóÇáúÎóíúÑõ Ýöíåöãú. æóæõáöÏó áöíóÇÝöËó íóÃúÌõæÌõ æóãóÃúÌõæÌõ æóÇáÊøõÑúßõ æóÇáÕøóÞóÇáöÈóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ ÎóíúÑó Ýöíåöãú. æóæõáöÏó áöÍóÇãò ÇáúÞöÈúØõ æóÇáúÈóÑúÈóÑõ æóÇáÓøõæÏóÇäõ» . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: áóÇ äóÚúáóãõåõ íõÑúæóì ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÓöäóÇäò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÏøóËó Úóäúåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáõæÇ ÍóÏöíËóåõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ãõÑúÓóáðÇ æóáóãú íõÓúäöÏúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÚóáóåõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÓóÚöíÏò. ÞõáúÊõ: æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó åõæó ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò Þóæúáõåõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú æóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò ãöËúáõåõ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóíóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓöäóÇäò ÃóÈõæ ÝóÑúæóÉó ÇáÑøóåóÇæöíøõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÈöãóÑøóÉò áóÇ íõÚúÊóãóÏõ Úóáóíúåö.
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æóÝöí ÇáÔøóåúÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ÓóäóÉö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÓöÊøò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó áóíúáóÉð ãöäúåõ {Þöíáó íóÇäõæÍõ ÇåúÈöØú ÈöÓóáóÇãò ãöäøóÇ æóÈóÑóßóÇÊò Úóáóíúßó æóÚóáóì Ãõãóãò ãöãøóäú ãóÚóßó æóÃõãóãñ ÓóäõãóÊøöÚõåõãú Ëõãøó íóãóÓøõåõãú ãöäøóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [åæÏ: 48] . æóÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ßóáøóãó äõæÍðÇ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: ÇÎúÑõÌú ãöäó ÇáúÝõáúßö ÃóäúÊó æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõßó æóÈóäõæßó æóäöÓóÇÁõ Èóäöíßó ãóÚóßó¡ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö ÇáøóÊöí ãóÚóßó¡ æóáöÊóäúãõæóÇ æóáöÊóßúËõÑõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌõæÇ¡ æóÇÈúÊóäóì äõæÍñ ãóÐúÈóÍðÇ áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÃóÎóÐó ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøö ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáØøóíúÑö ÇáúÍóáóÇáö ÝóÐóÈóÍóåóÇ ÞõÑúÈóÇäðÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÚóåöÏó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íõÚöíÏó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÌóÚóáó ÊóÐúßóÇÑó ÇáúãöíËóÇÞö Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúÓõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÇáúÛóãóÇãö¡ æóåõæó ÞóæúÓõ ÞõÒóÍó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÇäñ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÞö. ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Ýöíåö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóæúÓñ ÈöáóÇ æóÊóÑò. Ãóíú ; Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛóãóÇãó áóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõ ØõæÝóÇäñ ßóÃóæøóáö ãóÑøóÉò. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúßóÑóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÌóåóáóÉö ÇáúÝõÑúÓö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúåöäúÏö¡ æõÞõæÚó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÑóÝó Èöåö ÂÎóÑõæäó ãöäúåõãú. æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÃóÑúÖö ÈóÇÈöáó¡ æóáóãú íóÕöáú ÅöáóíúäóÇ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóãú äóÒóáú äóÊóæóÇÑóËõ Çáúãõáúßó ßóÇÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ßóÇÈöÑò ãöäú áóÏõäú ßõíõæãõÑúËó íóÚúäõæäó ÂÏóãó Åöáóì ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ åóÐóÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ãóäú ÞóÇáóåõ ãöäú ÒóäóÇÏöÞóÉö ÇáúãóÌõæÓö ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáäøöíÑóÇäö¡ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö. æóåóÐöåö ÓóÝúÓóØóÉñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßõÝúÑñ ÝóÙöíÚñ¡ æóÌóåúáñ ÈóáöíÛñ¡ æóãõßóÇÈóÑóÉñ áöáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö¡ æóÊóßúÐöíÈñ áöÑóÈøö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö. æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÏúíóÇäö ÇáäøóÇÞöáõæäó Úóäú ÑõÓõáö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ãóÚó ãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Úóãøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö¡ æóáóãú íõÈúÞö Çááøóåõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöäú ßóÝóÑóÉö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ; ÇÓúÊöÌóÇÈóÉð áöÏóÚúæóÉö äóÈöíøöåö ÇáúãõÄóíøöÏö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö¡ æóÊóäúÝöíÐðÇ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáúãóÍúÊõæãö.(1/275)
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏðÇ ÔóßõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 3] . Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÍúãóÏõ Çááøóåó Úóáóì ØóÚóÇãöåö¡ æóÔóÑóÇÈöåö¡ æóáöÈóÇÓöåö¡ æóÔóÃúäöåö ßõáøöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈõÑúÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóíóÑúÖóì Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Ãóäú íóÃúßõáó ÇáúÃóßúáóÉó ÝóíóÍúãóÏõåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÔúÑóÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúÈóÉó ÝóíóÍúãóÏõåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ» . æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÃõÓóÇãóÉó. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóßõæÑó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúãóáõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÇáúÞóáúÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞóæúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóãóáöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøõßúÑó íóßõæäõ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÈöåóÐóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
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[ÐößúÑõ Õóæúãöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú: ÈóÇÈõ ÕöíóÇãö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Óóåúáõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí Óóåúáò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ãóÑúíóãó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÝöÑóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ÕóÇãó äõæÍñ ÇáÏøóåúÑó ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÝöØúÑö¡ æóíóæúãó ÇáúÃóÖúÍóì» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö áóåöíÚóÉó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö æóáóÝúÙöåö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäúÈóÇÚö ÑóæúÍõ Èúäõ ÇáúÝóÑóÌö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÍóÑøóÇäóíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÞóäøóÇäò¡ Úóäú íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò ÃóÈöí ÝöÑóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: «ÕóÇãó äõæÍñ ÇáÏøóåúÑó ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÝöØúÑö¡ æóÇáúÃóÖúÍóì¡ æóÕóÇãó ÏóÇæõÏõ äöÕúÝó ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ æóÕóÇãó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóåúÑò ÕóÇãó ÇáÏøóåúÑó æóÃóÝúØóÑó ÇáÏøóåúÑó» .(1/277)
[ÐößúÑõ ÍóÌøóÉö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ æóßöíÚò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÒóãúÚóÉó åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö æóåúÑóÇãó¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÍóÌøó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóì æóÇÏöí ÚõÓúÝóÇäó ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóíøõ æóÇÏò åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ æóÇÏöí ÚõÓúÝóÇäó. ÞóÇáó: áóÞóÏú ãóÑøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÇÏöí äõæÍñ æóåõæÏñ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóì ÈóßóÑóÇÊò áóåõãú ÍõãúÑò ÎóØúãõåõãõ ÇááøöíÝõ ÃóÒõÑõåõãõ ÇáúÚóÈóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóÑúÏöíóÊõåõãõ ÇáäøöãóÇÑõ íóÍõÌøõæäó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÊöíÞó» . Ýöíåö ÛóÑóÇÈóÉñ.(1/278)
[ÐößúÑõ æóÕöíøóÊöåö áöæóáóÏöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáÕøóÞúÚóÈö Èúäö ÒõåóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÇáó: ÍóãøóÇÏñ ÃóÙõäøõåõ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÌõÈøóÉõ ÓöíÌóÇäò ãóÒúÑõæÑóÉñ ÈöÇáÏøöíÈóÇÌö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú åóÐóÇ ÞóÏú æóÖóÚó ßõáøó ÝóÇÑöÓò ÇÈúäö ÝóÇÑöÓò " Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: " íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÖóÚó ßõáøó ÝóÇÑöÓò ÇÈúäö ÝóÇÑöÓò¡ æóÑóÝóÚó ßõáøó ÑóÇÚò Èúäö ÑóÇÚò ". ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöãóÌóÇãöÚö ÌõÈøóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " ÃóáøóÇ ÃóÑóì Úóáóíúßó áöÈóÇÓó ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõ ". Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " Åöäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö äõæÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÞóÇáó áöÇÈúäöåö: Åöäøöí ÞóÇÕøñ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúæóÕöíøóÉó ÂãõÑõßó ÈöÇËúäóÊóíúäö¡ æóÃóäúåóÇßó Úóäö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö ; ÂãõÑõßó ÈöáóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚó æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó ÇáÓøóÈúÚó áóæú æõÖöÚóÊú Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò¡ æóæõÖöÚóÊú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÝøóÉò ÑóÌóÍóÊú Èöåöäøó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóáóæú Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚó æóÇáúÃóÑóÖöíäó ÇáÓøóÈúÚó ßõäøó ÍóáúÞóÉð ãõÈúåóãóÉð ÞóÕóãóÊúåõäøó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö æóÈöÍóãúÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÕóáóÇÉõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÈöåóÇ íóÑúÒõÞõ ÇáúÎóáúÞõ¡ æóÃóäúåóÇßó Úóäö ÇáÔøöÑúßö(1/279)
æóÇáúßöÈúÑö ". ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ¡ Ãóæú Þöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøöÑúßõ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúßöÈúÑõ¿ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóÍóÏöäóÇ äóÚúáóÇäö ÍóÓóäóÊóÇäö áóåõãóÇ ÔöÑóÇßóÇäö ÍóÓóäóÇäö¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ". ÞóÇáó: åõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóÍóÏöäóÇ ÍõáøóÉñ íóáúÈóÓõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ". ÞóÇáó: åõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóÍóÏöäóÇ ÏóÇÈøóÉñ íóÑúßóÈõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ". ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóÍóÏöäóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈñ íóÌúáöÓõæäó Åöáóíúåö¿ ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ". Þöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÝóãóÇ ÇáúßöÈúÑõ¿ ÞóÇáó: " ÓóÝóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÛóãúÕõ ÇáäøóÇÓö» . æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌõæåõ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó Ýöí æóÕöíøóÉö äõæÍò áöÇÈúäöåö ÃóæúÕóíúÊõßó ÈöÎóÕúáóÊóíúäö¡ æóÃóäúåóÇßó Úóäú ÎóÕúáóÊóíúäö» . ÝóÐóßóÑó äóÍúæóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÇáúÚóÇÕö¡ ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóíóÒúÚõãõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó äõæÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÑóßöÈó ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉó ßóÇäó ÚõãõÑõåõ ÓöÊøóãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãöËúáóåõ. æóÒóÇÏó æóÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó(1/280)
ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò æóÎóãúÓöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö äóÙóÑñ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäú áóãú íõãúßöäö ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ ãóÍúÖñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó äõæÍðÇ ãóßóËó Ýöí Þóæúãöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈöÚúËóÉö¡ æóÞóÈúáó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ äõæÍðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö ÝóáóÈöËó Ýöíåöãú ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò ÅöáøóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó ÚóÇãðÇ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ ÇáØøõæÝóÇäõ æóåõãú ÙóÇáöãõæäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 14] . [ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 14] Ëõãøó Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ßóãú ÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÈõÚöËó æóáóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚõãöÇÆóÉò æóËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö ËóáóÇËóãöÇÆóÉò æóÎóãúÓöíäó ÓóäóÉð Ýóíóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÚóÇÔó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò æóÓóÈúÚóãöÇÆóÉò æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúÑõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÓóÇÈöØò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚóíúäö ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ Ãóäøó ÞóÈúÑó äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÞúæóì æóÃóËúÈóÊõ ãöäó ÇáÐøößúÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó¡ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÈóáúÏóÉò ÈöÇáúÈöÞóÇÚö ÊõÚúÑóÝõ Çáúíóæúãó ÈößóÑúßö äõæÍò¡ æóåõäóÇßó ÌóÇãöÚñ ÞóÏú Èõäöíó ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó æóÃõæúÞöÝóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÃóæúÞóÇÝñ ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.(1/281)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ åõæÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
æóåõæó åõæÏõ Èúäõ ÔóÇáöÎö Èúäö ÃóÑúÝóÎúÔóÏó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó åõæÏðÇ åõæó ÚóÇÈöÑõ Èúäõ ÔóÇáöÎö Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: åõæÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍö Èúäö ÇáúÌóÇÑõæÏö Èúäö ÚóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóæúÕó Èúäö ÅöÑóãó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈóÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝó¡ æóåöíó ÌöÈóÇáõ ÇáÑøóãúáö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÈöÇáúíóãóäö ãöäú ÚõãóÇäó æóÍóÖúÑóãóæúÊó ÈöÃóÑúÖò ãõØöáøóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúÑö íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ: ÇáÔøöÍúÑõ¡ æóÇÓúãõ æóÇÏöíåöãú ãõÛöíËñ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÎöíóÇãó ÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÚúãöÏóÉö ÇáÖøöÎóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó ßóíúÝó ÝóÚóáó ÑóÈøõßó ÈöÚóÇÏò ÅöÑóãó ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚöãóÇÏö} [ÇáÝÌÑ: 6]
[ÇáúÝóÌúÑö: 7 8] . Ãóíú ; ãöËúáõ ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö. æóÞöíáó: ãöËúáõ ÇáúÚóãóÏö. æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
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Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËöåö ÇáØøóæöíáö Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: «. ãöäúåõãú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ; åõæÏñ¡ æóÕóÇáöÍñ¡ æóÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ æóäóÈöíøõßó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò» . æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó åõæÏðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö. æóÒóÚóãó æóåúÈõ Èúäõ ãõäóÈøöåò Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöåóÇ äõæÍñ. æóÞöíáó ÂÏóãõ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ. æóÞöíáó: ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ áöáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÈúáó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÇáúÚóÇÑöÈóÉõ. æóåõãú ÞóÈóÇÆöáõ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ; ÚóÇÏñ¡ æóËóãõæÏõ¡ æóÌõÑúåõãõ¡ æóØóÓúãñ¡ æóÌóÏöíÓõ¡ æóÃóãöíãõ¡ æóãóÏúíóäõ¡ æóÚöãúáóÇÞõ¡ æóÚóÈöíáñ¡ æóÌóÇÓöãñ¡ æóÞóÍúØóÇäõ¡ æóÈóäõæ íóÞúØõäó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúÑöÈóÉõ Ýóåõãú ãöäú æóáóÏö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÇáúÝóÕöíÍóÉö ÇáúÈóáöíÛóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó ßóáóÇãó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãöäú ÌõÑúåõãó ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÒóáõæÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãõãøöåö åóÇÌóÑó ÈöÇáúÍóÑóãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóäúØóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉö æóÇáúÈóíóÇäö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó íóÊóáóÝøóÙõ ÈöåóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
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[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 65 - 72] .(1/283)
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[åõæÏò: 50 - 60] .(1/284)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö: {ÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 1] ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö Þóæúãö äõæÍò: {Ëõãøó ÃóäúÔóÃúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ÞóÑúäðÇ ÂÎóÑöíäó ÝóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÓõæáðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ãóäö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞõæäó æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ æóßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöáöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóÃóÊúÑóÝúäóÇåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõßõãú íóÃúßõáõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæäó ãöäúåõ æóíóÔúÑóÈõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÔúÑóÈõæäó æóáóÆöäú ÃóØóÚúÊõãú ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöËúáóßõãú Åöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó ÃóíóÚöÏõßõãú Ãóäøóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ãöÊøõãú æóßõäúÊõãú ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ æóÚöÙóÇãðÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ãõÎúÑóÌõæäó åóíúåóÇÊó åóíúåóÇÊó áöãóÇ ÊõæÚóÏõæäó Åöäú åöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÍóíóÇÊõäóÇ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ äóãõæÊõ æóäóÍúíóÇ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöãóÈúÚõæËöíäó Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ áóåõ ÈöãõÄúãöäöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇäúÕõÑúäöí ÈöãóÇ ßóÐøóÈõæäö ÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇ Þóáöíáò áóíõÕúÈöÍõäøó äóÇÏöãöíäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÛõËóÇÁð ÝóÈõÚúÏðÇ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 31](1/285)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Íã ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: {æóÃóãøóÇ ÚóÇÏñ ÝóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÞóÇáõæÇ ãóäú ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäøóÇ ÞõæøóÉð Ãóæóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåõãú åõæó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäúåõãú ÞõæøóÉð æóßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ íóÌúÍóÏõæäó ÝóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑöíÍðÇ ÕóÑúÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãò äóÍöÓóÇÊò áöäõÐöíÞóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÎöÒúíö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóáóÚóÐóÇÈõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÃóÎúÒóì æóåõãú áóÇ íõäúÕóÑõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 15]
[ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 21 - 25] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáÐøóÇÑöíóÇÊö: {æóÝöí ÚóÇÏò ÅöÐú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøöíÍó ÇáúÚóÞöíãó ãóÇ ÊóÐóÑõ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÃóÊóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÌóÚóáóÊúåõ ßóÇáÑøóãöíãö} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 41]
[ÇáäøóÌúãö: 50 - 55] .(1/286)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÊú: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ÚóÇÏñ ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö ÅöäøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑöíÍðÇ ÕóÑúÕóÑðÇ Ýöí íóæúãö äóÍúÓò ãõÓúÊóãöÑøò ÊóäúÒöÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÚúÌóÇÒõ äóÎúáò ãõäúÞóÚöÑò ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö æóáóÞóÏú íóÓøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áöáÐøößúÑö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 18]
[ÇáúÍóÇÞøóÉö: 6 - 8] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝóÌúÑö: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó ßóíúÝó ÝóÚóáó ÑóÈøõßó ÈöÚóÇÏò ÅöÑóãó ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚöãóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íõÎúáóÞú ãöËúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö æóËóãõæÏó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÌóÇÈõæÇ ÇáÕøóÎúÑó ÈöÇáúæóÇÏö æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó Ðöí ÇáúÃóæúÊóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó ØóÛóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÝóÃóßúËóÑõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏó ÝóÕóÈøó Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÈøõßó ÓóæúØó ÚóÐóÇÈò Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóÈöÇáúãöÑúÕóÇÏö} [ÇáÝÌÑ: 6]
[ÇáúÝóÌúÑö: 6 - 14] .
æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕóÕö Ýöí ÃóãóÇßöäöåóÇ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ¡ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ. æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì ÐößúÑõ ÚóÇÏò Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞóÇäö¡ æóÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö Õ¡ æóÝöí ÓõæÑóÉö Þ¡ æóáúäóÐúßõÑú ãóÖúãõæäó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ãóÌúãõæÚðÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøöíóÇÞóÇÊö ãóÚó ãóÇ íõÖóÇÝõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÃõãóãö ÚóÈóÏõæÇ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáØøõæÝóÇäö. æóÐóáößó Èóíøöäñ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö áóåõãú: {æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Þóæúãö äõæÍò æóÒóÇÏóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈóÓúØóÉð} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 69] . Ãóíú ; ÌóÚóáóåõãú ÃóÔóÏøó Ãóåúáö ÒóãóÇäöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÎöáúÞóÉö æóÇáÔøöÏøóÉö æóÇáúÈóØúÔö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: {Ëõãøó ÃóäúÔóÃúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ÞóÑúäðÇ ÂÎóÑöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 31] .(1/287)
æóåõãú Þóæúãõ åõæÏò Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö. æóÒóÚóãó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Ãóäøóåõãú ËóãõæÏõ. áöÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÛõËóÇÁð} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 41] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÞóæúãõ ÕóÇáöÍò åóãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøóíúÍóÉö {æóÃóãøóÇ ÚóÇÏñ ÝóÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÑöíÍò ÕóÑúÕóÑò ÚóÇÊöíóÉò} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 6] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáõæåõ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉö æóÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáúÚóÇÊöíóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö Ãóåúáö ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóäúæóÇÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ãóäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ ÞóÈúáó ËóãõæÏó.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ ÌõÝóÇÉð ßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÚõÊóÇÉð ãõÊóãóÑøöÏöíäó Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú íóÏúÚõæåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöáóì ÅöÝúÑóÇÏöåö ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö áóåõ¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ æóÎóÇáóÝõæåõ æóÊóäóÞøóÕõæåõ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÎúÐó ÚóÒöíÒò ãõÞúÊóÏöÑò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóÑóÛøóÈóåõãú Ýöí ØóÇÚóÊöåö æóÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑöåö¡ æóæóÚóÏóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÎóíúÑó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÊóæóÚøóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö Ðóáößó ÚõÞõæÈóÉó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö: {ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇßó Ýöí ÓóÝóÇåóÉò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 66]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 67] . Ãóíú ; áóíúÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÙõäøõæäó¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó {ÃõÈóáøöÛõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöí æóÃóäóÇ áóßõãú äóÇÕöÍñ Ãóãöíäñ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 68] . æóÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛö¡ æóÚóÏóãó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöíåö æóÇáäøóÞúÕö ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÅöÈúáóÇÛóåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò ÝóÕöíÍóÉò æóÌöíÒóÉò ÌóÇãöÚóÉò ãóÇäöÚóÉò¡ áóÇ áóÈúÓó ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó æóáóÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈó¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáäøõÕúÍö áöÞóæúãöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóÝóÞóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì åöÏóÇíóÊöåöãú¡ áóÇ íóÈúÊóÛöí ãöäúåõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóØúáõÈõ ãöäúåõãú ÌõÚúáðÇ¡ Èóáú(1/288)
åõæó ãõÎúáöÕñ áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáäøõÕúÍö áöÎóáúÞöåö áóÇ íóØúáõÈõ ÃóÌúÑóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóíúÑó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ßõáøóåõ Ýöí íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÃóãúÑõåõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÌúÑðÇ Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäöí ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [åæÏ: 51] . Ãóíú ; ãóÇ áóßõãú ÚóÞúáñ ÊõãóíøöÒõæäó Èöåö æóÊóÝúåóãõæäó Ãóäøöí ÃóÏúÚõæßõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúãõÈöíäö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö ÝöØóÑõßõãõ ÇáøóÊöí ÎõáöÞúÊõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö äõæÍðÇ¡ æóÃóåúáóßó ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóåóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÃóÏúÚõæßõãú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú ÃóÈúÊóÛöí Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ãóÇáößõ ÇáÖøõÑøö æóÇáäøóÝúÚö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõÄúãöäõ íÓ: {ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõßõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó æóãóÇ áöíó áóÇ ÃóÚúÈõÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäöí æóÅöáóíúåö ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó} [íÓ: 21] . [åõæÏò: 53] . íóÞõæáõæäó: ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊóäóÇ ÈöÎóÇÑöÞò íóÔúåóÏõ áóßó ÈöÕöÏúÞö ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö. æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÇáøóÐöíäö äóÊúÑõßõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó ÃóÕúäóÇãöäóÇ Úóäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö Þóæúáößó ÈöáóÇ Ïóáöíáò ÃóÞóãúÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäò äóÕóÈúÊóåõ¡ æóãóÇ äóÙõäøõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóßó ãóÌúäõæäñ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÒúÚõãõåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏóäóÇ ; ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóßó åóÐóÇ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÂáöåóÊöäóÇ ÛóÖöÈó Úóáóíúßó ÝóÃóÕóÇÈóßó Ýöí ÚóÞúáößó ÝóÇÚúÊóÑóÇßó Ìõäõæäñ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõãú: {Åöäú äóÞõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÇßó ÈóÚúÖõ ÂáöåóÊöäóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃõÔúåöÏõ Çááøóåó æóÇÔúåóÏõæÇ Ãóäøöí ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÝóßöíÏõæäöí ÌóãöíÚðÇ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÊõäúÙöÑõæäö} [åæÏ: 54] . ÃóäúÊõãú æóåöíó ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íõãúßöäõßõãú Ãóäú ÊóÕöáõæÇ(1/289)
Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÞúÏöÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÄóÎøöÑõæäöí ÓóÇÚóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ØóÑúÝóÉó Úóíúäò ÝóÅöäøöí áóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí Èößõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÃõÝóßøöÑõ Ýöíßõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóíúßõãú {Åöäøöí ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÑóÈøöí æóÑóÈøößõãú ãóÇ ãöäú ÏóÇÈøóÉò ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÂÎöÐñ ÈöäóÇÕöíóÊöåóÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí Úóáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [åæÏ: 56] . Ãóíú ; ÃóäóÇ ãõÊóæóßøöáñ Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóãõÊóÃóíøöÏñ Èöåö. æóæóÇËöÞñ ÈöÌóäóÇÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÖöíÚõ ãóäú áóÇÐó Èöåö. æóÇÓúÊóäóÏó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÓúÊõ ÃõÈóÇáöí ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóáóÓúÊõ ÃóÊóæóßøóáõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúÈõÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ ÈõÑúåóÇäñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åõæÏðÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú Úóáóì Ìóåúáò æóÖóáóÇáò Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåöãú ÛóíúÑó Çááøóåö ; áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÕöáõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÓõæÁò¡ æóáóÇ äóÇáõæÇ ãöäúåõ ãóßúÑõæåðÇ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãú Èöåö æóÈõØúáóÇäö ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÝóÓóÇÏö ãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö äõæÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÈúáóåõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÇ Þóæúãö Åöäú ßóÇäó ßóÈõÑó Úóáóíúßõãú ãóÞóÇãöí æóÊóÐúßöíÑöí ÈöÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÝóÚóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ ÝóÃóÌúãöÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑóßõãú æóÔõÑóßóÇÁóßõãú Ëõãøó áóÇ íóßõäú ÃóãúÑõßõãú Úóáóíúßõãú ÛõãøóÉð Ëõãøó ÇÞúÖõæÇ Åöáóíøó æóáóÇ ÊõäúÙöÑõæäö} [íæäÓ: 71] . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøöí ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó æóßóíúÝó ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó Ãóäøóßõãú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö Úóáóíúßõãú ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóíøõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúäö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóáóãú íóáúÈöÓõæÇ ÅöíãóÇäóåõãú ÈöÙõáúãò ÃõæáóÆößó áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúäõ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó æóÊöáúßó ÍõÌøóÊõäóÇ ÂÊóíúäóÇåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Íóßöíãñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 80]
[ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó: 33 - 35] .(1/290)
ÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÑóÓõæáðÇ ÈóÔóÑöíøðÇ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉõ ÃóÏúáóì ÈöåóÇ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÌóåóáóÉö ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóßóÇäó áöáäøóÇÓö ÚóÌóÈðÇ Ãóäú ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÌõáò ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú ÃóäúÐöÑö ÇáäøóÇÓó} [íæäÓ: 2] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ãóäóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ãóäú íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúåõÏóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÈóÔóÑðÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ Þõáú áóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãóáóÇÆößóÉñ íóãúÔõæäó ãõØúãóÆöäøöíäó áóäóÒøóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóáóßðÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 94] . Ãóíú ; áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÈöÚóÌöíÈò ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÍóíúËõ íóÌúÚóáõ ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÃóíóÚöÏõßõãú Ãóäøóßõãú ÅöÐóÇ ãöÊøõãú æóßõäúÊõãú ÊõÑóÇÈðÇ æóÚöÙóÇãðÇ Ãóäøóßõãú ãõÎúÑóÌõæäó åóíúåóÇÊó åóíúåóÇÊó áöãóÇ ÊõæÚóÏõæäó Åöäú åöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÍóíóÇÊõäóÇ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ äóãõæÊõ æóäóÍúíóÇ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöãóÈúÚõæËöíäó Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÇÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ áóåõ ÈöãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 35] . Ãóíú ; íóãõæÊõ Þóæúãñ æóíóÍúíóÇ ÂÎóÑõæäó. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÇáÏøóåúÑöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌóåóáóÉö ãöäó ÇáÒøóäóÇÏöÞóÉö: ÃóÑúÍóÇãñ ÊóÏúÝóÚõ¡ æóÃóÑúÖñ ÊóÈúáóÚõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøõæÑöíøóÉõ Ýóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÈóÚúÏó ßõáøö ÓöÊøóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÃóáúÝó ÓóäóÉò. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóßõÝúÑñ æóÌóåúáñ æóÖóáóÇáñ¡ æóÃóÞúæóÇáñ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ æóÎóíóÇáñ ÝóÇÓöÏñ ÈöáóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäò¡ æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáò íóÓúÊóãöíáõ ÚóÞúáó ÇáúÝóÌóÑóÉö ÇáúßóÝóÑóÉö ãöäú Èóäöí ÂÏóãó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõæäó æóáóÇ íóåúÊóÏõæäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöÊóÕúÛóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÝúÆöÏóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóáöíóÑúÖóæúåõ æóáöíóÞúÊóÑöÝõæÇ ãóÇ åõãú ãõÞúÊóÑöÝõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 113] . æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ æóÚóÙóåõãú Èöåö: {ÃóÊóÈúäõæäó Èößõáøö ÑöíÚò ÂíóÉð ÊóÚúÈóËõæäó æóÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäó ãóÕóÇäöÚó áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÎúáõÏõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 128] . íóÞõæáõ áóåõãú: ÃóÊóÈúäõæäó Èößõáøö ãóßóÇäò ãõÑúÊóÝöÚò ÈóäóÇÁð ÚóÙöíãðÇ åóÇÆöáðÇ ßóÇáúÞõÕõæÑö¡ æóäóÍúæöåóÇ(1/291)
ÊóÚúÈóËõæäó ÈöÈöäóÇÆöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó áóßõãú Ýöíåö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÎöíóÇãó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó ßóíúÝó ÝóÚóáó ÑóÈøõßó ÈöÚóÇÏò ÅöÑóãó ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÚöãóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íõÎúáóÞú ãöËúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö} [ÇáÝÌÑ: 6] . ÝóÚóÇÏõ ÅöÑóãó åõãú ÚóÇÏñ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÃóÚúãöÏóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúãöáõ ÇáúÎöíóÇãó.
æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÅöÑóãó ãóÏöíäóÉñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò æóÝöÖøóÉò¡ æóåöíó ÊóÊóäóÞøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÝóÞóÏú ÛóáöØó æóÃóÎúØóÃó. æóÞóÇáó ãóÇ áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäó ãóÕóÇäöÚó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 129] . Þöíáó: åöíó ÇáúÞõÕõæÑõ. æóÞöíáó: ÈõÑõæÌõ ÇáúÍóãóÇãö. æóÞöíáó: ãóÂÎöÐõ ÇáúãóÇÁö. {áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÎúáõÏõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 129] . Ãóíú ; ÑóÌóÇÁð ãöäúßõãú Ãóäú ÊõÚóãøöÑõæÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÃóÚúãóÇÑðÇ ØóæöíáóÉð {æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóÔúÊõãú ÈóØóÔúÊõãú ÌóÈøóÇÑöíäó ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóãóÏøóßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÃóãóÏøóßõãú ÈöÃóäúÚóÇãò æóÈóäöíäó æóÌóäøóÇÊò æóÚõíõæäò Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 130] . æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ áöäóÚúÈõÏó Çááøóåó æóÍúÏóåõ æóäóÐóÑó ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 70] . Ãóíú ; ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ áöäóÚúÈõÏó Çááøóåó æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóäõÎóÇáöÝõ ÂÈóÇÁóäóÇ æóÃóÓúáóÇÝóäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö æóÇáäøóßóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõÄúãöäõ Èößó æóáóÇ äóÊúÈóÚõßó æóáóÇ äõÕóÏøöÞõßó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÓóæóÇÁñ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÃóæóÚóÙúÊó Ãóãú áóãú Êóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÚöÙöíäó Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÎõáõÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 136] . ÃóãøóÇ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÎóÇÁö ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó Ãóíú ; Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÞñ ãöäúßó¡ æóÃóÎóÐúÊóåõ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó åóßóÐóÇ ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚóíúäö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Öóãøö ÇáúÎóÇÁö æóÇááøóÇãö ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÏøöíäõ Ãóíú ; Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáøóÐöí äóÍúäõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ Ïöíäõ ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÌúÏóÇÏö ãöäú ÃóÓúáóÇÝöäóÇ¡ æóáóäú äóÊóÍóæøóáó Úóäúåõ æóáóÇ äóÊóÛóíøóÑó æóáóÇ äóÒóÇáõ ãõÊóãóÓøößöíäó Èöåö. æóíõäóÇÓöÈõ ßöáóÇ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö Þóæúáõåõãú: {æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 138] . ÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú ÑöÌúÓñ æóÛóÖóÈñ ÃóÊõÌóÇÏöáõæäóäöí Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁò ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò ÝóÇäúÊóÙöÑõæÇ Åöäøöí ãóÚóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõäúÊóÙöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 71] .(1/292)
Ãóíú ; ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøóíúÊõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö ÇáÑøöÌúÓó¡ æóÇáúÛóÖóÈó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÃóÊõÚóÇÑöÖõæäó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÃóÕúäóÇãò ÃóäúÊõãú äóÍóÊøõãõæåóÇ¡ æóÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÂáöåóÉð ãöäú ÊöáúÞóÇÁö ÃóäúÝõÓößõãö ÇÕúØóáóÍúÊõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú {ãóÇ äóÒøóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 71] . Ãóíú ; áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈúÊõãú Åöáóíúåö ÏóáöíáðÇ æóáóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÈóíúÊõãú ÞóÈõæáó ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÊóãóÇÏóíúÊõãú Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ Úóáóíúßõãú ÃóäúåóíúÊõßõãú ÚóãøóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóÙöÑõæÇ ÇáúÂäó ÚóÐóÇÈó Çááøóåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚó Èößõãú¡ æóÈóÃúÓóåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ¡ æóäóßóÇáóåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÕóÏøõ. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇäúÕõÑúäöí ÈöãóÇ ßóÐøóÈõæäö ÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇ Þóáöíáò áóíõÕúÈöÍõäøó äóÇÏöãöíäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÛõËóÇÁð ÝóÈõÚúÏðÇ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 39] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ áöÊóÃúÝößóäóÇ Úóäú ÂáöåóÊöäóÇ ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóÃõÈóáøöÛõßõãú ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõ Èöåö æóáóßöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÞóæúãðÇ ÊóÌúåóáõæäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÃóæúÏöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ Èóáú åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáúÊõãú Èöåö ÑöíÍñ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ ÊõÏóãøöÑõ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåóÇ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ áóÇ íõÑóì ÅöáøóÇ ãóÓóÇßöäõåõãú ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 22] . æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÎóÈóÑó ÅöåúáóÇßöåöãú Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÂíóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãõÌúãóáðÇ æóãõÝóÕøóáðÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇåõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãóÚóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäøóÇ æóÞóØóÚúäóÇ ÏóÇÈöÑó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 72] . æóßóÞóæúáöåö: {æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ äóÌøóíúäóÇ åõæÏðÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäøóÇ æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõãú ãöäú ÚóÐóÇÈò ÛóáöíÙò æóÊöáúßó ÚóÇÏñ ÌóÍóÏõæÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÚóÕóæúÇ ÑõÓõáóåõ æóÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑó ßõáøö ÌóÈøóÇÑò ÚóäöíÏò æóÃõÊúÈöÚõæÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóÚúäóÉð æóíóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóåõãú ÃóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöÚóÇÏò Þóæúãö åõæÏò} [åæÏ: 58] . æóßóÞóæúáöåö:(1/293)
{ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÛõËóÇÁð ÝóÈõÚúÏðÇ áöáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 41] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ ÝóÃóåúáóßúäóÇåõãú Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 139] .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ÅöåúáóÇßöåöãú ; ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÃóæúÏöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ Èóáú åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáúÊõãú Èöåö ÑöíÍñ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÇÈúÊóÏóÃóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõãúÍöáöíäó ãõÓúäöÊöíäó ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ ÇáÓøõÞúíóÇ¡ ÝóÑóÃóæúÇ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÙóäøõæåõ ÓõÞúíóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉò ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÓõÞúíóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈò¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Èóáú åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáúÊõãú Èöåö} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . Ãóíú ; ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö. æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõãú: {ÝóÃúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 22] . æóãöËúáõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó æóÛóíúÑõåõãú åóÇåõäóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó. ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ÞóÇáó: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÈóæúÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑó ÈöÇááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÃõãúÓößó Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúãóØóÑõ ËóáóÇËó Óöäöíäó ÍóÊøóì ÌóåóÏóåõãú Ðóáößó. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóåóÏóåõãú ÃóãúÑñ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÇáúÝóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóØúáõÈõæäóåõ ÈöÍóÑóãöåö æóãóßóÇäö ÈóíúÊöåö. æóßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóÈöåö ÇáúÚóãóÇáöíÞõ ãõÞöíãõæäó æóåõãú ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉö ÚöãúáöíÞó Èúäö áóÇæóÐó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóíøöÏõåõãú ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÑóÌõáðÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Ãõãøõåõ ãöäú Þóæúãö ÚóÇÏò¡ æóÇÓúãõåóÇ: ÌóáúåóÏóÉõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÇáúÎóíúÈóÑöíøö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÈóÚóËó ÚóÇÏñ æóÝúÏðÇ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ áöíóÓúÊóÞõæÇ áóåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÑóãö¡ ÝóãóÑøõæÇ ÈöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÈóßúÑò ÈöÙóÇåöÑö ãóßøóÉó ÝóäóÒóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóåúÑðÇ íóÔúÑóÈõæäó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÊõÛóäøöíåöãõ ÇáúÌóÑóÏóÇÊóÇäö ÞóíúäóÊóÇäö áöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú æóÕóáõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÔóåúÑò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ØóÇáó ãõÞóÇãõåõãú ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõ ÔóÝóÞóÉñ(1/294)
Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÍúíóÇ ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú íóÃúãõÑóåõãú ÈöÇáöÇäúÕöÑóÇÝö¡ Úóãöáó ÔöÚúÑðÇ íõÚóÑøöÖõ áóåõãú ÈöÇáöÇäúÕöÑóÇÝö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÇáúÞóíúäóÊóíúäö Ãóäú ÊõÛóäøöíóåõãú Èöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó:
ÃóáøóÇ íóÇ Þóíúáõ æóíúÍóßó Þõãú Ýóåóíúäöãú ... áóÚóáøó Çóááøóåó íõÕúÈöÍõäóÇ ÛóãóÇãðÇ
ÝóíóÓúÞöí ÃóÑúÖó ÚóÇÏò Åöäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ ... ÞóÏó ÃãúÓóæúÇ áóÇ íõÈöíäõæäó ÇóáúßóáóÇãóÇ
ãöäó ÇáúÚóØóÔö ÇóáÔøóÏöíÏö ÝóáóíúÓó äóÑúÌõæ ... Èöåö ÇóáÔøóíúÎó ÇóáúßóÈöíÑó æóáóÇ ÇóáúÛõáóÇãóÇ
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú äöÓóÇÄõåõãú ÈöÎóíúÑò ... ÝóÞóÏú ÃóãúÓóÊú äöÓóÇÄõåõãú ÚöíóÇãðÇ
æóÅöäøó ÇóáúæóÍúÔó íóÃúÊöíåöãú ÌöåóÇÑðÇ ... æóáóÇ íóÎúÔóì áöÚóÇÏöíøò ÓöåóÇãðÇ
æóÃóäúÊõãú åóÇåõäóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÇöÔúÊóåóíúÊõãú ... äóåóÇÑóßõãú æóáóíúáóßõãõ ÇöáÊøóãóÇãóÇ
ÝóÞõÈøöÍó æóÝúÏõßõãú ãöäú æóÝúÏö Þóæúãò ... æóáóÇ áõÞøõæÇ ÇóáÊøóÍöíøóÉó æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÇ
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÊóäóÈøóåó ÇáúÞóæúãõ áöãóÇ ÌóÇÁõæÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóäóåóÖõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÑóãö æóÏóÚóæúÇ áöÞóæúãöåöãú ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÏóÇÚöíåöãú¡ æóåõæó Þóíúáõ Èúäõ ÚöÊúÑò ÝóÃóäúÔóÃó Çááøóåõ ÓóÍøóÇÈóÇÊò ËóáóÇËðÇ ; ÈóíúÖóÇÁó¡ æóÍóãúÑóÇÁó¡ æóÓóæúÏóÇÁó. Ëõãøó äóÇÏóÇåõ ãõäóÇÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö: ÇÎúÊóÑú áöäóÝúÓößó æóáöÞóæúãößó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇáÓøóæúÏóÇÁó ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö ãóÇÁð. ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ãõäóÇÏò: ÇÎúÊóÑúÊó ÑóãóÇÏðÇ ÑöãúÏóÏðÇ áóÇ ÊõÈúÞöí ãöäú ÚóÇÏò ÃóÍóÏðÇ áóÇ æóÇáöÏðÇ ÊóÊúÑõßõ æóáóÇ æóáóÏðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÌóÚóáóÊúåõ åóãöÏóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Èóäöí ÇááøóæúÐöíøóÉö ÇáúãõåúÏóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóåõæó ÈóØúäñ ãöäú ÚóÇÏò ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÞöíãöíäó ÈöãóßøóÉó Ýóáóãú íõÕöÈúåõãú ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó Þóæúãóåõãú. ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäú ÃóäúÓóÇÈöåöãú(1/295)
æóÃóÚúÞóÇÈöåöãú åõãú ÚóÇÏñ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉõ. ÞóÇáó: æóÓóÇÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇáÓøóæúÏóÇÁó ÇáøóÊöí ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåóÇ. Þóíúáõ Èúäõ ÚöÊúÑò ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøöÞúãóÉö Åöáóì ÚóÇÏò ÍóÊøóì ÊóÎóÑøóÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú æóÇÏò íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúãõÛöíËõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåóÇ ÇÓúÊóÈúÔóÑõæÇ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Èóáú åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáúÊõãú Èöåö ÑöíÍñ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ ÊõÏóãøöÑõ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåóÇ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . Ãóíú ; ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÃõãöÑóÊú Èöåö ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÃóÈúÕóÑó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÚóÑóÝó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑöíÍñ ÝöíãóÇ íóÐúßõÑõæäó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ãöäú ÚóÇÏò íõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ: ãóåúÏñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäóÊú ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÇÍóÊú¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÚöÞóÊú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóÇÞóÊú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊö íóÇ ãóåúÏõ¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑöíÍðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ßóÔõåõÈö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÃóãóÇãóåóÇ ÑöÌóÇáñ íóÞõæÏõæäóåóÇ. ÝóÓóÎøóÑóåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú {ÓóÈúÚó áóíóÇáò æóËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÍõÓõæãðÇ} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 7] . æóÇáúÍõÓõæãõ: ÇáÏøóÇÆöãóÉõ. Ýóáóãú ÊóÏóÚú ãöäú ÚóÇÏò ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÅöáøóÇ åóáóßó. ÞóÇáó: æóÇÚúÊóÒóáó åõæÏñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó áöí Ýöí ÍóÙöíÑóÉò åõæó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ãóÇ íõÕöíÈõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóáöíäõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÌõáõæÏõ¡ æóÊóáúÊóÐøõ ÇáúÃóäúÝõÓõ¡ æóÅöäøóåóÇ áöÊóãõÑøõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏò ÈöÇáÙøóÚúäö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÊóÏúãóÛõåõãú ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÊóãóÇãó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÍóÏöíËðÇ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏöåö íõÔúÈöåõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÈõæ ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö ÓóáóÇãõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáäøóÍúæöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÇÕöãõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáäøóÌõæÏö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÓøóÇäó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÇÈúäõ íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøõ. ÞóÇáó: «ÎóÑóÌúÊõ ÃóÔúßõæ ÇáúÚóáóÇÁó Èúäó ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÇáÑøóÈóÐóÉö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÌõæÒñ ãöäú Èóäöí Êóãöíãò ãõäúÞóØöÚñ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áöí: íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Åöäøó áöí Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÇÌóÉð¡ Ýóåóáú ÃóäúÊó ãõÈóáøöÛöí Åöáóíúåö¿(1/296)
ÞóÇáó: ÝóÍóãóáúÊõåóÇ ÝóÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÛóÇÕøñ ÈöÃóåúáöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÑóÇíóÉñ ÓóæúÏóÇÁõ ÊóÎúÝöÞõ¡ æóÈöáóÇáñ ãõÊóÞóáøöÏñ ÇáÓøóíúÝó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: ãóÇ ÔóÃúäõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÞóÇáõæÇ: íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËó ÚóãúÑóæ Èúäó ÇáúÚóÇÕö æóÌúåðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóáóÓúÊõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÏóÎóáó ãóäúÒöáóåõ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÑóÍúáóåõ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäúÊõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áöí¡ ÝóÏóÎóáúÊõ ÝóÓóáøóãúÊõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: åóáú ßóÇäó Èóíúäóßõãú æóÈóíúäó Èóäöí Êóãöíãò ÔóíúÁñ. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäóÊú áóäóÇ ÇáÏøóÈúÑóÉõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÚóÌõæÒò ãöäú Èóäöí Êóãöíãò ãõäúÞóØöÚò ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáóÊúäöí Ãóäú ÃóÍúãöáóåóÇ Åöáóíúßó¡ æóåóÇ åöíó ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåóÇ ÝóÏóÎóáóÊú¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Åöäú ÑóÃóíúÊó Ãóäú ÊóÌúÚóáó ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó Èóäöí Êóãöíãò ÍóÇÌöÒðÇ ÝóÇÌúÚóáö ÇáÏøóåúäóÇÁó¡ ÝóÍóãöíóÊö ÇáúÚóÌõæÒõ æóÇÓúÊóæúÝóÒóÊú¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÝóÅöáóì Ãóíúäó ÊóÖúØóÑøõ ãõÖóÑóßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøó ãöËúáöí ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãöÚúÒðì ÍóãóáóÊú ÍóÊúÝóåóÇ. ÍóãóáúÊõ åóÐöåö æóáóÇ ÃóÔúÚõÑõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áöí ÎóÕúãðÇ¡ ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Ãóäú Ãóßõæäó ßóæóÇÝöÏö ÚóÇÏò¡ ÞóÇáó: åöíåö æóãóÇ æóÇÝöÏõ ÚóÇÏò¿ æóåõæó ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóßöäú íóÓúÊóØúÚöãõåõ¡ ÞõáúÊõ: Åöäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ ÞóÍóØõæÇ¡ ÝóÈóÚóËõæÇ æóÝúÏðÇ áóåõãú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: Þóíúáñ ÝóãóÑøó ÈöãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÈóßúÑò ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÔóåúÑðÇ íóÓúÞöíåö ÇáúÎóãúÑó¡ æóÊõÛóäøöíåö ÌóÇÑöíóÊóÇäö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãóÇ: ÇáúÌóÑóÇÏóÊóÇäö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÖóì ÇáÔøóåúÑõ ÎóÑóÌó Åöáóì ÌöÈóÇáö ÊöåóÇãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøóßó ÊóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøöí áóãú ÃóÌöÆú Åöáóì ãóÑöíÖò ÝóÃõÏóÇæöíóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÓöíÑò ÝóÃõÝóÇÏöíóåõ¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÇÓúÞö ÚóÇÏðÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÊóÓúÞöíåö¡ ÝóãóÑøóÊú Èöåö ÓóÍóÇÈóÇÊñ ÓõæÏñ¡ ÝóäõæÏöíó ãöäúåóÇ: ÇÎúÊóÑú. ÝóÃóæúãóÃó Åöáóì ÓóÍóÇÈóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÓóæúÏóÇÁó. ÝóäõæÏöíó ãöäúåóÇ: ÎõÐúåóÇ ÑóãóÇÏðÇ ÑöãúÏóÏðÇ áóÇ ÊõÈúÞöí ãöäú ÚóÇÏò(1/297)
ÃóÍóÏðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãóÇ ÈóáóÛóäöí Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚóËó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÞóÏúÑö ãóÇ íóÌúÑöí Ýöí ÎóÇÊóãöí åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÍóÊøóì åóáóßõæÇ. ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ æóÇÆöáò: æóÕóÏóÞó æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ æóÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÚóËõæÇ æóÝúÏðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ Êóßõäú ßóæóÇÝöÏö ÚóÇÏò» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÈóÇÈö Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓóáøóÇãò ÃóÈöí ÇáúãõäúÐöÑö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö ÇÈúäö ÈóåúÏóáóÉó¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåö ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËó¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ßóÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ áöÅöåúáóÇßö ÚóÇÏò ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ÐößúÑðÇ áöãóßøóÉó¡ æóáóãú ÊõÈúäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Íöíäó ÃóÓúßóäó ÝöíåóÇ åóÇÌóÑó æóÇÈúäóåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÝóäóÒóáóÊú ÌõÑúåõãñ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí æóÚóÇÏñ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ æóÝöíåö ÐößúÑõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö ÈóßúÑò æóÔöÚúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÔøöÚúÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö Úóäú ÒóãóÇäö ÚóÇÏò ÇáúÃõæáóì áóÇ íõÔúÈöåõ ßóáóÇãó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó. æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÔóÑóÑõ äóÇÑò¡ æóÚóÇÏñ ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÑöíÍò ÕóÑúÕóÑò. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó: åöíó ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇÊöíóÉõ ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉõ ÇáúåõÈõæÈö {ÓóÎøóÑóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÓóÈúÚó áóíóÇáò æóËóãóÇäöíóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÍõÓõæãðÇ} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 7] . Ãóíú ; ßóæóÇãöáó ãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚóÇÊò. Þöíáó: ßóÇäó ÃóæøóáóåóÇ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: ÇáúÃóÑúÈöÚóÇÁõ. {ÝóÊóÑóì ÇáúÞóæúãó ÝöíåóÇ ÕóÑúÚóì ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÚúÌóÇÒõ äóÎúáò ÎóÇæöíóÉò} [ÇáÍÇÞÉ: 7] . ÔóÈøóåóåõãú ÈöÃóÚúÌóÇÒö ÇáäøóÎúáö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÑõÁõæÓó áóåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöíÍó ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÌöíÁõ Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãú ÝóÊóÍúãöáõåõ ÝóÊóÑúÝóÚõåõ Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó(1/298)
ÊõäóßøöÓõåõ Úóáóì Ãõãøö ÑóÃúÓöåö ÝóÊóÔúÏóÎõåõ¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÌõËøóÉð ÈöáóÇ ÑóÃúÓò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑöíÍðÇ ÕóÑúÕóÑðÇ Ýöí íóæúãö äóÍúÓò ãõÓúÊóãöÑøò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 19] . Ãóíú ; Ýöí íóæúãö äóÍúÓò Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ãõÓúÊóãöÑøñ ÚóÐóÇÈõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ {ÊóäúÒöÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓó ßóÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÚúÌóÇÒõ äóÎúáò ãõäúÞóÚöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 20] . æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Çáúíóæúãó ÇáäøóÍúÓó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÑøó åõæó íóæúãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈöÚóÇÁö. æóÊóÔóÇÁóãó Èöåö áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóåúãö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúØóÃó æóÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÝóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑöíÍðÇ ÕóÑúÕóÑðÇ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãò äóÍöÓóÇÊò} [ÝÕáÊ: 16] . æóãóÚúáõæãñ ÃóäøóåóÇ ËóãóÇäöíóÉõ ÃóíøóÇãò ãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚóÇÊò¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú äóÍöÓóÇÊò Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåóÇ áóßóÇäóÊú ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÃóíøóÇãö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúãõäúÏóÑöÌóÉö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÔúÆõæãóÉð. æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãò äóÍöÓóÇÊò Ãóíú ; Úóáóíúåöãú. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÝöí ÚóÇÏò: {ÅöÐú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøöíÍó ÇáúÚóÞöíãó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 41] . Ãóíö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõäúÊöÌõ ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøöíÍó ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏóÉó áóÇ ÊóäúËõÑõ ÓóÍóÇÈðÇ æóáóÇ ÊõáóÞøöÍõ ÔóÌóÑðÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ÚóÞöíãñ áóÇ äóÊöíÌóÉó ÎóíúÑò áóåóÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ÊóÐóÑõ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÃóÊóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÌóÚóáóÊúåõ ßóÇáÑøóãöíãö} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 42] . Ãóíú ; ßóÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáúÈóÇáöí ÇáúÝóÇäöí ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõäúÊóÝóÚõ Èöåö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö. æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «äõÕöÑúÊõ ÈöÇáÕøóÈóÇ¡ æóÃõåúáößóÊú ÚóÇÏñ ÈöÇáÏøóÈõæÑö» . æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú ÃóÎóÇ ÚóÇÏò ÅöÐú ÃóäúÐóÑó Þóæúãóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö æóÞóÏú ÎóáóÊö ÇáäøõÐõÑõ ãöäú Èóíúäö íóÏóíúåö æóãöäú ÎóáúÝöåö ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåó Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 21] . ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ åóÐöåö åöíó ÚóÇÏñ(1/299)
ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóÅöäøó ÓöíóÇÞóåóÇ ÔóÈöíåñ ÈöÓöíóÇÞö Þóæúãö åõæÏò¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúÃõæáóì. æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö åõãú ÚóÇÏñ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ. æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÃóæúÏöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇÏðÇ áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÑöÖó¡ æóåõæó ÇáäøóÇÔöÆõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæøö ßóÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö¡ Ùóäøõæåõ ÓóÍóÇÈó ãóØóÑò ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÓóÍóÇÈõ ÚóÐóÇÈò¡ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæåõ ÑóÍúãóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó äöÞúãóÉñ¡ ÑóÌóæúÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóíúÑó ÝóäóÇáõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáÔøóÑøö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Èóáú åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáúÊõãú Èöåö} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . Ãóíú ; ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÑöíÍñ ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . [ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 24] . íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó åõæó ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáÕøóÑúÕóÑö ÇáúÚóÇÊöíóÉö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏóÉö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉö ÇáúåõÈõæÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÓúÊóãóÑøóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ÓóÈúÚõ áóíóÇáò ÈöÃóíøóÇãöåóÇ ÇáËøóãóÇäöíóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú ÊõÈúÞö ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ Èóáú ÊóÊóÈøóÚóÊúåõãú ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÏúÎõáõ Úóáóíúåöãú ßõåõæÝó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö æóÇáúÛöíÑóÇäö ÝóÊóáõÝøõåõãú æóÊõÎúÑöÌõåõãú æóÊõåúáößõåõãú¡ æóÊõÏóãøöÑõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÈõíõæÊó ÇáúãõÍúßóãóÉó¡ æóÇáúÞõÕõæÑó ÇáúãõÔóíøóÏóÉó ÝóßóãóÇ ãõäõæÇ ÈöÞõæøóÊöåöãú æóÔöÏøóÊöåöãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: {ãóäú ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäøóÇ ÞõæøóÉð} [ÝÕáÊ: 15] ¿ ÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäúåõãú ÞõæøóÉð Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇ åõæó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäúåõãú ÞõæøóÉð¡ æóÃóÞúÏóÑõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøöíÍõ ÇáúÚóÞöíãõ. æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöíÍó ÃóËóÇÑóÊú Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÓóÍóÇÈóÉð Ùóäøó ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäúåõãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓóÍóÇÈóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ÑóÍúãóÉñ Èöåöãú¡ æóÛöíóÇËñ áöãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäúåõãú ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÔóÑóÑðÇ æóäóÇÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóíóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÙøõáøóÉö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãóÏúíóäó¡ æóÌóãóÚó áóåõãú Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöÏóÉö¡ æóÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÖóÇÏøóÉö ãóÚó ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö {ÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó} [ÇáãÄãäæä: 1] . æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/300)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÇáÖøóÑöíÓö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÝõÖóíúáò¡ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ ÝóÊóÍó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÏò ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÇáøóÊöí ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöËúáó ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö ÝóãóÑøóÊú ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö ÝóÍóãóáóÊúåõãú æóãóæóÇÔöíóåõãú æóÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì Ðóáößó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑóÉö ãöäú ÚóÇÏò ÇáÑøöíÍó æóãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ {ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] . [ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö: 24] . ÝóÃóáúÞóÊú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö æóãóæóÇÔöíóåõãú Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑóÉö» . æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ ÇáúßõæÝöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ãõÓúáöãò ÇáúãõáóÇÆöíøö¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò - ßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó -: ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóÇ ÝõÊöÍó Úóáóì ÚóÇÏò ãöäó ÇáÑøöíÍö ÅöáøóÇ ãöËúáõ ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÎóÇÊóãö¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÑúÓöáóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÍóãóáóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÈóÏúæó Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÖóÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÖóÑö ÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáõ ÃóæúÏöíóÊöäóÇ. æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóæóÇÏöí ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÃõáúÞöíó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑóÉö ÍóÊøóì åóáóßõæÇ» . ÞóÇáó: ÚóÊóÊú Úóáóì ÎóÒóÇÆöäöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãöäú ÎöáóÇáö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈö. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍöÓóÇÈò.
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æóÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúÇ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ ãöäúåõ áõÛóÉð ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈõ. ßóãóÇ Ïóáøó(1/301)
Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÍóÓøóÇäó ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøö Åöäú ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ ãõÝóÓøöÑðÇ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö¡ æóÃóÕúÑóÍõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáØøóÇåöÑö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ æóåúÈò ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÌõÑóíúÌò íõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÕóÝóÊö ÇáÑøöíÍõ¡ ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøöí ÃóÓúÃóáõßó ÎóíúÑóåóÇ æóÎóíúÑó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÎóíúÑó ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáóÊú Èöåö. æóÃóÚõæÐõ Èößó ãöäú ÔóÑøöåóÇ æóÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÔóÑøö ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáóÊú Èöåö. ÞóÇáóÊú: æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÎóíøóáóÊö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁõ ÊóÛóíøóÑó áóæúäõåõ æóÎóÑóÌó æóÏóÎóáó æóÃóÞúÈóáó æóÃóÏúÈóÑó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóãúØóÑóÊú ÓõÑøöíó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÚóÑóÝóÊú Ðóáößó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÝóÓóÃóáóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÚóáøóåõ íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Þóæúãõ ÚóÇÏò: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÚóÇÑöÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóÞúÈöáó ÃóæúÏöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 24] » . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò. ØóÑöíÞñ ÃõÎúÑóì. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóÇÑõæäõ Èúäõ ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ æóåúÈò¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÚóãúÑñæ¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáäøóÖúÑö ÍóÏøóËóåõ Úóäú ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò «Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõÓúÊóÌúãöÚðÇ ÖóÇÍößðÇ ÞóØøõ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑóì ãöäúåõ áóåóæóÇÊöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÊóÈóÓøóãõ¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì ÛóíúãðÇ Ãóæú ÑöíÍðÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó Ýöí æóÌúåöåö¡ ÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóæõÇ ÇáúÛóíúãó ÝóÑöÍõæǺ ÑóÌóÇÁó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÇáúãóØóÑõ¡ æóÃóÑóÇßó ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊóåõ ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí æóÌúåößó ÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ãóÇ íõÄóãøöäõäöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ¡ ÞóÏú ÚõÐøöÈó(1/302)
Þóæúãõ äõæÍò ÈöÇáÑøöíÍö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÃóì Þóæúãñ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÑöÖñ ãõãúØöÑõäóÇ» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú åóÇÑõæäó Èúäö ãóÚúÑõæÝò¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ßóÇáÕøóÑöíÍö Ýöí ÊóÛóÇíõÑö ÇáúÞöÕøóÊóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÔóÑúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÃóæøóáðÇ. ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäú Þóæúãö ÚóÇÏò ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäú ÚóÇÏò ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.
æóÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÍóÌøó åõæÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÍóÌøö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÕöÝóÉó ÞóÈúÑö åõæÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö Çáúíóãóäö. æóÐóßóÑó ÂÎóÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó¡ æóÈöÌóÇãöÚöåóÇ ãóßóÇäñ Ýöí ÍóÇÆöØöåö ÇáúÞöÈúáöíøö íóÒúÚõãõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÈúÑõ åõæÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/303)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ ÕóÇáöÍò äóÈöíøö ËóãõæÏó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
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æóåõãú ÞóÈöíáóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ íõÞóÇáõ: ËóãõæÏõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÌóÏøöåöãú ËóãõæÏó ÃóÎöí ÌóÏöíÓò¡ æóåõãóÇ ÇÈúäóÇ ÚóÇÈóÑó Èúäö ÅöÑóãó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÑöÈóÉö íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÍöÌúÑó ÇáøóÐöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö æóÊóÈõæßó¡ æóÞóÏú ãóÑøó Èöåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÐóÇåöÈñ Åöáóì ÊóÈõæßó Èöãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúãö ÚóÇÏò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ßóÃõæáóÆößó¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÕóÇáöÍõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Èúäö ãóÇÓöÎö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÍóÇÌöÑö Èúäö ËóãõæÏó Èúäö ÚóÇÈóÑó Èúäö ÅöÑóãó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íóÎúáóÚõæÇ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó æóÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏó¡ æóáóÇ íõÔúÑößõæÇ Èöåö ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÂãóäóÊú Èöåö ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóßóÝóÑó ÌõãúåõæÑõåõãú¡ æóäóÇáõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇáö æóÇáúÝóÚóÇáö¡ æóåóãøõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÚóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÎúÐó ÚóÒöíÒò ãõÞúÊóÏöÑò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: {æóÅöáóì ËóãõæÏó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉõ Çááøóåö áóßõãú ÂíóÉð ÝóÐóÑõæåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÚóÇÏò æóÈóæøóÃóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäó ãöäú ÓõåõæáöåóÇ ÞõÕõæÑðÇ æóÊóäúÍöÊõæäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÈõíõæÊðÇ ÝóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÂáóÇÁó Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóÚúËóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áöáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊõÖúÚöÝõæÇ áöãóäú Âãóäó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÊóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó Èöåö ãõÄúãöäõæäó ÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÂãóäúÊõãú Èöåö ßóÇÝöÑõæäó ÝóÚóÞóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó æÚóÊóæúÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ÝóÊóæóáøóì Úóäúåõãú æóÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÉó ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 73]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 73 - 79] .(1/304)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö åõæÏò: {æóÅöáóì ËóãõæÏó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ åõæó ÃóäúÔóÃóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóÑóßõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæåõ Ëõãøó ÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÞóÑöíÈñ ãõÌöíÈñ ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÞóÏú ßõäúÊó ÝöíäóÇ ãóÑúÌõæøðÇ ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÃóÊóäúåóÇäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚúÈõÏó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ æóÅöäøóäóÇ áóÝöí Ôóßøò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ãõÑöíÈò ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÂÊóÇäöí ãöäúåõ ÑóÍúãóÉð Ýóãóäú íóäúÕõÑõäöí ãöäó Çááøóåö Åöäú ÚóÕóíúÊõåõ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÒöíÏõæäóäöí ÛóíúÑó ÊóÎúÓöíÑò æóíóÇ Þóæúãö åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉõ Çááøóåö áóßõãú ÂíóÉð ÝóÐóÑõæåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÞóÑöíÈñ ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóãóÊøóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò Ðóáößó æóÚúÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóßúÐõæÈò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ äóÌøóíúäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäøóÇ æóãöäú ÎöÒúíö íóæúãöÆöÐò Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó åõæó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ æóÃóÎóÐó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ËóãõæÏó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóåõãú ÃóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöËóãõæÏó} [åæÏ: 61]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 80 - 84] . æóÞóÇáó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÓõÈúÍóÇäó: {æóãóÇ ãóäóÚóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÑúÓöáó ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ËóãõæÏó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ãõÈúÕöÑóÉð ÝóÙóáóãõæÇ ÈöåóÇ æóãóÇ äõÑúÓöáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÎúæöíÝðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 59] .(1/305)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ËóãõæÏõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃóÎõæåõãú ÕóÇáöÍñ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞõæäó Åöäøöí áóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ Ãóãöíäñ ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö æóãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÃóÊõÊúÑóßõæäó Ýöí ãóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ Âãöäöíäó Ýöí ÌóäøóÇÊò æóÚõíõæäò æóÒõÑõæÚò æóäóÎúáò ØóáúÚõåóÇ åóÖöíãñ æóÊóäúÍöÊõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÈõíõæÊðÇ ÝóÇÑöåöíäó ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö æóáóÇ ÊõØöíÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÝúÓöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ íõÕúáöÍõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó ãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõäóÇ ÝóÃúÊö ÈöÂíóÉò Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉñ áóåóÇ ÔöÑúÈñ æóáóßõãú ÔöÑúÈõ íóæúãò ãóÚúáõæãò æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ äóÇÏöãöíäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 141]
[Çáäøóãúáö: 45 - 53] .(1/306)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Íã ÇáÓøóÌúÏóÉö: {æóÃóãøóÇ ËóãõæÏõ ÝóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÈøõæÇ ÇáúÚóãóì Úóáóì ÇáúåõÏóì ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãú ÕóÇÚöÞóÉõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Çáúåõæäö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóßúÓöÈõæäó æóäóÌøóíúäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 17] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇÞúÊóÑóÈóÊú: {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ËóãõæÏõ ÈöÇáäøõÐõÑö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäøóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ äóÊøóÈöÚõåõ ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáò æóÓõÚõÑò ÃóÄõáúÞöíó ÇáÐøößúÑõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÈóíúäöäóÇ Èóáú åõæó ßóÐøóÇÈñ ÃóÔöÑñ ÓóíóÚúáóãõæäó ÛóÏðÇ ãóäö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÔöÑõ ÅöäøóÇ ãõÑúÓöáõæ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö ÝöÊúäóÉð áóåõãú ÝóÇÑúÊóÞöÈúåõãú æóÇÕúØóÈöÑú æóäóÈøöÆúåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÞöÓúãóÉñ Èóíúäóåõãú ßõáøõ ÔöÑúÈò ãõÍúÊóÖóÑñ ÝóäóÇÏóæúÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõãú ÝóÊóÚóÇØóì ÝóÚóÞóÑó ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö ÅöäøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóßóÇäõæÇ ßóåóÔöíãö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÙöÑö æóáóÞóÏú íóÓøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áöáÐøößúÑö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 23]
[ÇáÔøóãúÓö: 11 - 15] .
æóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ íóÞúÑöäõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö Èóíúäó ÐößúÑö ÚóÇÏò æóËóãõæÏó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö¡ æóÓõæÑóÉö Õ¡ æóÓõæÑóÉö Þ¡ æóÇáäøóÌúãö¡ æóÇáúÝóÌúÑö. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõãøóÊóíúäö áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÎóÈóÑóåõãóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõãóÇ ÐößúÑñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåöãõ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: {æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì Åöäú ÊóßúÝõÑõæÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóãóäú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÌóãöíÚðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÛóäöíøñ ÍóãöíÏñ Ãóáóãú íóÃúÊößõãú äóÈóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú Þóæúãö äõæÍò æóÚóÇÏò æóËóãõæÏó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ÑõÓõáõåõãú ÈöÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 8]
[ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: 8 - 9] .(1/307)
ÇáúÂíóÉó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ßóáóÇãö ãõæÓóì ãóÚó Þóæúãöåö¡ æóáóßöäú áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÇÊóÇäö ÇáúÃõãøóÊóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áóãú íóÖúÈöØõæÇ ÎóÈóÑóåõãóÇ ÌóíøöÏðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊóäóæúÇ ÈöÍöÝúÙöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãõÓúÊóÞúÕðì¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúÂäó ÐößúÑõ ÞöÕøóÊöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóßóíúÝó äóÌøóì Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö. æóßóíúÝó ÞóØóÚó ÏóÇÈöÑó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ÈößõÝúÑöåöãú æóÚõÊõæøöåöãú¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåöãú ÑóÓõæáóåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÇÏò¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãúº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú äóÈöíøõåõãú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉõ Çááøóåö áóßõãú ÂíóÉð ÝóÐóÑõæåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÚóÇÏò æóÈóæøóÃóßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæäó ãöäú ÓõåõæáöåóÇ ÞõÕõæÑðÇ æóÊóäúÍöÊõæäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáó ÈõíõæÊðÇ ÝóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÂáóÇÁó Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóÚúËóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 73] . Ãóíú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÚóáóßõãú ÎõáóÝóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú áöÊóÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóÊóÚúãóáõæÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Úóãóáöåöãú¡ æóÃóÈóÇÍó áóßõãú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÊóÈúäõæäó Ýöí ÓõåõæáöåóÇ ÇáúÞõÕõæÑó¡ {æóÊóäúÍöÊõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÈõíõæÊðÇ ÝóÇÑöåöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 149] . Ãóíú ÍóÇÐöÞöíäó Ýöí ÕóäúÚóÊöåóÇ æóÅöÊúÞóÇäöåóÇ æóÅöÍúßóÇãöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇÈöáõæÇ äöÚúãóÉó Çááøóåö ÈöÇáÔøõßúÑö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö áóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÅöíøóÇßõãú æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊóåõ¡ æóÇáúÚõÏõæáó Úóäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö(1/308)
ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉó Ðóáößó æóÎöíãóÉñº æóáöåóÐóÇ æóÚóÙóåõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÃóÊõÊúÑóßõæäó Ýöí ãóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ Âãöäöíäó Ýöí ÌóäøóÇÊò æóÚõíõæäò æóÒõÑõæÚò æóäóÎúáò ØóáúÚõåóÇ åóÖöíãñ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 146] . Ãóíú ãõÊóÑóÇßöãñ ßóËöíÑñ ÍóÓóäñ Èóåöíøñ äóÇÖöÌñ {æóÊóäúÍöÊõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÈõíõæÊðÇ ÝóÇÑöåöíäó ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö æóáóÇ ÊõØöíÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑó ÇáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÝúÓöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ íõÕúáöÍõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 149] . æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ: {íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ åõæó ÃóäúÔóÃóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÓúÊóÚúãóÑóßõãú ÝöíåóÇ} [åæÏ: 61] . Ãóíú åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú ÝóÃóäúÔóÃóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÌóÚóáóßõãú ÚõãøóÇÑóåóÇ. Ãóíú ÃóÚúØóÇßõãõæåóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøõÑõæÚö æóÇáËøöãóÇÑö Ýóåõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞõ Ýóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉó æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö. Ãóíú ÃóÞúáöÚõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóÞúÈöáõæÇ Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞúÈóáõ ãöäúßõãú¡ æóíóÊóÌóÇæóÒõ Úóäúßõãú {Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÞóÑöíÈñ ãõÌöíÈñ ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÞóÏú ßõäúÊó ÝöíäóÇ ãóÑúÌõæøðÇ ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ} [åæÏ: 61] . Ãóíú ÞóÏú ßõäøóÇ äóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÞúáõßó ßóÇãöáðÇ ÞóÈúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÏõÚóÇÄõßó ÅöíøóÇäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÊóÑúßö ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÚúÈõÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúÚõÏõæáö Úóäú Ïöíäö ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÌúÏóÇÏöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÃóÊóäúåóÇäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚúÈõÏó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ æóÅöäøóäóÇ áóÝöí Ôóßøò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäóÇ Åöáóíúåö ãõÑöíÈò ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÂÊóÇäöí ãöäúåõ ÑóÍúãóÉð Ýóãóäú íóäúÕõÑõäöí ãöäó Çááøóåö Åöäú ÚóÕóíúÊõåõ ÝóãóÇ ÊóÒöíÏõæäóäöí ÛóíúÑó ÊóÎúÓöíÑò} [åæÏ: 62] . æóåóÐóÇ ÊóáóØøõÝñ ãöäúåõ áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö æóáöíäö ÇáúÌóÇäöÈö¡ æóÍõÓúäõ ÊóÃóÊøò Ýöí ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö áóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö. Ãóíú ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú¡ æóÃóÏúÚõæßõãú Åöáóíúåö¿ ãóÇÐóÇ ÚõÐúÑõßõãú ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö¿ æóãóÇÐóÇ íõÎóáøöÕõßõãú Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¿ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóØúáõÈõæäó ãöäøöí Ãóäú ÃóÊúÑõßó ÏõÚóÇÁóßõãú Åöáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö¿ æóÃóäóÇ áóÇ(1/309)
íõãúßöäõäöí åóÐóǺ áöÃóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíøó¡ æóáóæú ÊóÑóßúÊõåõ áóãóÇ ÞóÏóÑó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú æóáóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑößõãú Ãóäú íõÌöíÑóäöí ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÕõÑóäöí ÝóÃóäóÇ áóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõ ÃóÏúÚõæßõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÍúßõãó Çááøóåõ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßõãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 185] . Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÍõæÑöíäó. íóÚúäõæäó ãóÓúÍõæÑðÇ áóÇ ÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆößó ÅöíøóÇäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÝúÑóÇÏö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÎóáúÚö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó ÇáúãóÓúÍõæÑõæäó. æóÞöíáó: ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó. Ãóíú ãöãøóäú áóåõ ÓóÍúÑñ æóåöíó ÇáÑøöÆóÉõ ßóÃóäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÈóÔóÑñ áóåõ ÓóÍúÑñ. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÙúåóÑõ áöÞóæúáöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ: {ãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõäóÇ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 154] . æóÞóæúáõåõãú: {ÝóÃúÊö ÈöÂíóÉò Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 154] . ÓóÃóáõæÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóåõãú ÈöÎóÇÑöÞò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãú Èöåö {ÞóÇáó åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉñ áóåóÇ ÔöÑúÈñ æóáóßõãú ÔöÑúÈõ íóæúãò ãóÚúáõæãò æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 155] . æóÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉõ Çááøóåö áóßõãú ÂíóÉð ÝóÐóÑõæåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 73] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂÊóíúäóÇ ËóãõæÏó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ãõÈúÕöÑóÉð ÝóÙóáóãõæÇ ÈöåóÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 59] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: Ãóäøó ËóãõæÏó ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ íóæúãðÇ Ýöí äóÇÏöíåöãú¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóåõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÕóÇáöÍñ ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÐóßøóÑóåõãú æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãú æóæóÚóÙóåõãú æóÃóãóÑóåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: Åöäú ÃóäúÊó ÃóÎúÑóÌúÊó áóäóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö æóÃóÔóÇÑõæÇ Åöáóì ÕóÎúÑóÉò åõäóÇßó äóÇÞóÉð ãöäú ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ ßóíúÊó æóßóíúÊó¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ ÃóæúÕóÇÝðÇ ÓóãøóæúåóÇ æóäóÚóÊõæåóÇ æóÊóÚóäøóÊõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÚõÔóÑóÇÁó ØóæöíáóÉð ãöäú ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÕóÇáöÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ÃóÌóÈúÊõßõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊõãú Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ØóáóÈúÊõãú ÃóÊõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõßõãú Èöåö. æóÊõÕóÏøöÞõæäöí ÝöíãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõ Èöåö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÚóãú.(1/310)
ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÚõåõæÏóåõãú æóãóæóÇËöíÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇãó Åöáóì ãõÕóáøóÇåõ ÝóÕóáøóì áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ãóÇ ÞõÏøöÑó áóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇ ÑóÈøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ãóäú íõÌöíÈóåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ØóáóÈõæÇ ÝóÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Êöáúßó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉó Ãóäú ÊóäúÝóØöÑó Úóäú äóÇÞóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò ßóæúãóÇÁó ÚõÔóÑóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÇáøóÐöí ØóáóÈõæÇ æóÚóáóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáøóÊöí äóÚóÊõæÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇíóäõæåóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÑóÃóæúÇ ÃóãúÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóãóäúÙóÑðÇ åóÇÆöáðÇ¡ æóÞõÏúÑóÉð ÈóÇåöÑóÉð¡ æóÏóáöíáðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ¡ æóÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ ÓóÇØöÚðÇ ÝóÂãóäó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåöãú æóÖóáóÇáöåöãú æóÚöäóÇÏöåöãúº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÙóáóãõæÇ ÈöåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 103] . Ãóíú ÌóÍóÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ. Ãóíú ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÑóÆöíÓõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÌõäúÏóÚó Èúäó ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãöÎúáóÇÉó Èúäö áóÈöíÏö Èúäö ÌóæøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÑõÄóÓóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóåõãú ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúÃóÔúÑóÇÝö ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóÕóÏøóåõãú ÐõÄóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö áóÈöíÏò¡ æóÇáúÍõÈóÇÈõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÃóæúËóÇäöåöãú¡ æóÑóÈóÇÈõ Èúäõ ÕóãúÚóÑö Èúäö ÌóáúåóÓò¡ æóÏóÚóÇ ÌõäúÏóÚñ ÇÈúäó Úóãøöåö ÔöåóÇÈó Èúäó ÎóáöíÝóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÇÝöåöãú Ýóåóãøó ÈöÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÝóäóåóÇåõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÝóãóÇáó Åöáóíúåöãú. ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ãöåúÑóÔõ Èúäõ ÛóäúãóÉó Èúäö ÇáÏøõãóíúáö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ ÔöÚúÑðÇ:
æóßóÇäóÊú ÚõÕúÈóÉñ ãöäú Âáö ÚóãúÑòæ ... Åöáóì Ïöíäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÏóÚóæúÇ ÔöåóÇÈóÇ
ÚóÒöíÒó ËóãõæÏó ßõáøõåõãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ ... Ýóåóãøó ÈöÃóäú íõÌöíÈó æóáóæú ÃóÌóÇÈóÇ
áóÃóÕúÈóÍó ÕóÇáöÍñ ÝöíäóÇ ÚóÒöíÒðÇ ... æóãóÇ ÚóÏóáõæÇ ÈöÕóÇÍöÈöåöãú ÐõÄóÇÈóÇ
æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÛõæóÇÉó ãöäú Âáö ÍöÌúÑò ... ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÔúÏöåöãõ ÐöÆóÇÈóÇ(1/311)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÕóÇáöÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {åóÐöåö äóÇÞóÉõ Çááøóåö áóßõãú ÂíóÉð} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 73] . ÃóÖóÇÝóåóÇ áöáøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÖóÇÝóÉó ÊóÔúÑöíÝò æóÊóÚúÙöíãò¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: ÈóíúÊõ Çááøóåö¡ æóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö. {áóßõãú ÂíóÉð} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 73] . Ãóíú ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞö ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõßõãú Èöåö {ÝóÐóÑõæåóÇ ÊóÃúßõáú Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÞóÑöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 64] . ÝóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÍóÇáõ Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊóÈúÞóì åóÐöåö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉõ Èóíúäó ÃóÙúåõÑöåöãú ÊóÑúÚóì ÍóíúËõ ÔóÇÁóÊú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖöåöãú¡ æóÊóÑöÏõ ÇáúãóÇÁó íóæúãðÇ ÈóÚúÏó íóæúãò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏóÊö ÇáúãóÇÁó ÊóÔúÑóÈõ ãóÇÁó ÇáúÈöÆúÑö íóæúãóåóÇ Ðóáößó ÝóßóÇäõæÇ íóÑúÝóÚõæäó ÍóÇÌóÊóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö Ýöí íóæúãöåöãú áöÛóÏöåöãú¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÔúÑóÈõæäó ãöäú áóÈóäöåóÇ ßöÝóÇíóÊóåõãúº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {áóåóÇ ÔöÑúÈñ æóáóßõãú ÔöÑúÈõ íóæúãò ãóÚúáõæãò} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 155] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ãõÑúÓöáõæ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö ÝöÊúäóÉð áóåõãú} [ÇáÞãÑ: 27] . Ãóíö ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ áóåõãú ÃóíõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöåóÇ Ãóãú íóßúÝõÑõæäó¿ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÈöãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó: {ÝóÇÑúÊóÞöÈúåõãú} [ÇáÞãÑ: 27] Ãóíö ÇäúÊóÙöÑú ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóÇÕúØóÈöÑú Úóáóì ÃóÐóÇåõãú ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöíßó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Úóáóì ÌóáöíøóÉò {æóäóÈøöÆúåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÞöÓúãóÉñ Èóíúäóåõãú ßõáøõ ÔöÑúÈò ãõÍúÊóÖóÑñ} [ÇáÞãÑ: 28] . ÝóáóãøóÇ ØóÇáó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÍóÇáõ åóÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãóáóÄõåõãú¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÑóÃúíõåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÚúÞöÑõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó áöíóÓúÊóÑöíÍõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóíóÊóæóÝøóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇÄõåõãú¡ æóÒóíøóäó áóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÃóÚúãóÇáóåõãú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÚóÞóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó æóÚóÊóæúÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 77] . æóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí Êóæóáøóì ÞóÊúáóåóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÑóÆöíÓóåõãú ÞõÏóÇÑó Èúäó ÓóÇáöÝö Èúäö ÌõäúÏóÚò¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÍúãóÑó ÃóÒúÑóÞó ÞóÕöíÑðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ æóáóÏõ ÒóÇäöíóÉò¡ æõáöÏó Úóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔö ÓóÇáöÝò. æóåõæó ãöäú ÑóÌõáò íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÕöíÈóÇäõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÌóãöíÚöåöãúº ÝóáöåóÐóÇ äõÓöÈó(1/312)
ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚöåöãú ßõáøöåöãú.
æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó: Ãóäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóíúäö ãöäú ËóãõæÏó ÇÓúãõ ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÕóÏõæÝõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáúãõÍóíøóÇ Èúäö ÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÇáúãõÍóíøóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÐóÇÊó ÍóÓóÈò æóãóÇáò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÊóÍúÊó ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ÃóÓúáóãó¡ ÝóÝóÇÑóÞóÊúåõ ÝóÏóÚóÊö ÇÈúäó Úóãøò áóåóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ãöÕúÏóÚõ Èúäõ ãóåúÑóÌö Èúäö ÇáúãõÍóíøóÇ¡ æóÚóÑóÖóÊú Úóáóíúåö äóÝúÓóåóÇ Åöäú åõæó ÚóÞóÑó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÚõäóíúÒóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ Ûõäóíúãö Èúäö ãöÌúáóÒò¡ æóÊõßúäóì Ãõãøó ÚõËúãóÇäó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÚóÌõæÒðÇ ßóÇÝöÑóÉð¡ áóåóÇ ÈóäóÇÊñ ãöäú ÒóæúÌöåóÇ ÐõÄóÇÈö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÑøõÄóÓóÇÁö¡ ÝóÚóÑóÖóÊú ÈóäóÇÊóåóÇ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚó Úóáóì ÞõÏóÇÑö Èúäö ÓóÇáöÝò Åöäú åõæó ÚóÞóÑó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó Ýóáóåõ Ãóíøõ ÈóäóÇÊöåóÇ ÔóÇÁó¡ ÝóÇäúÊõÏöÈó åóÐóÇäö ÇáÔøóÇÈøóÇäö áöÚóÞúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÓóÚóæúÇ Ýöí Þóæúãöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóåõãú ÓóÈúÚóÉñ ÂÎóÑõæäó ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ ÊöÓúÚóÉð¡ æóåõãõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÊöÓúÚóÉõ ÑóåúØò íõÝúÓöÏõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ íõÕúáöÍõæäó} [Çáäãá: 48] . æóÓóÚóæúÇ Ýöí ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö¡ æóÍóÓøóäõæÇ áóåõãú ÚóÞúÑóåóÇ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈõæåõãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóØóÇæóÚõæåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÇäúØóáóÞõæÇ íóÑúÕõÏõæäó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÕóÏóÑóÊú ãöäú æöÑúÏöåóÇ ßóãóäó áóåóÇ ãöÕúÏóÚñ ÝóÑóãóÇåóÇ ÈöÓóåúãò ÝóÇäúÊóÙóãó ÚóÙúãó ÓóÇÞöåóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ äöÓóÇÁõ ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåóÇ¡ æóÍóÓóÑúäó Úóäú æõÌõæåöåöäøó ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÇÈúÊóÏóÑóåõãú ÞõÏóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöÝò ÝóÔóÏøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö ÝóßóÔóÝó Úóäú ÚõÑúÞõæÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÎóÑøóÊú ÓóÇÞöØóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÑóÛóÊú ÑóÛóÇÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð¡ ÊõÍóÐøöÑõ æóáóÏóåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ØóÚóäó Ýöí áóÈøóÊöåóÇ ÝóäóÍóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÇäúØóáóÞó ÓóÞúÈõåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÝóÕöíáõåóÇ ÝóÕóÚöÏó ÌóÈóáðÇ ãóäöíÚðÇ¡ æóÑóÛóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ.(1/313)
æóÑóæóì ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò Úóãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ÇáúÍóÓóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö Ãóíúäó Ãõãøöí¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÕóÎúÑóÉò ÝóÛóÇÈó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Èóáö ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÇÏóæúÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóåõãú ÝóÊóÚóÇØóì ÝóÚóÞóÑó ÝóßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö} [ÇáÞãÑ: 29] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÐö ÇäúÈóÚóËó ÃóÔúÞóÇåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö äóÇÞóÉó Çááøóåö æóÓõÞúíóÇåóÇ} [ÇáÔãÓ: 12] . Ãóíö ÇÍúÐóÑõæåóÇ {ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ ÝóÏóãúÏóãó Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÈøõåõãú ÈöÐóäúÈöåöãú ÝóÓóæøóÇåóÇ æóáóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ ÚõÞúÈóÇåóÇ} [ÇáÔãÓ: 14] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ äõãóíúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚõÑúæóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒóãúÚóÉó ÞóÇáó: «ÎóØóÈó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÐóßóÑó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÞóÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {ÅöÐö ÇäúÈóÚóËó ÃóÔúÞóÇåóÇ} [ÇáÔãÓ: 12] ÇäúÈóÚóËó áóåóÇ ÑóÌõáñ ÚóÇÑöãñ ÚóÒöíÒñ ãóäöíÚñ Ýöí ÑóåúØöåö ãöËúáõ ÃóÈöí ÒóãúÚóÉó» . ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö åöÔóÇãò Èöåö. ÚóÇÑöãñ Ãóíú Ôóåúãñ ÚóÒöíÒñ Ãóíú ÑóÆöíÓñ ãóäöíÚñ Ãóíú ãõØóÇÚñ Ýöí Þóæúãöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÍóÏøóËóäöí íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò ÃóÈöí íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú ÚóãøóÇÑö Èúäö íóÇÓöÑò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÚóáöíøò: ÃóáóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõßó ÈöÃóÔúÞóì ÇáäøóÇÓö. ÞóÇáó: Èóáóì. ÞóÇáó:(1/314)
ÑóÌõáóÇäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃõÍóíúãöÑõ ËóãõæÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÚóÞóÑó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÖúÑöÈõßó íóÇ Úóáöíøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ - íóÚúäöí ÞóÑúäóåõ - ÍóÊøóì ÊóÈúÊóáøó ãöäúåõ åóÐöåö» . íóÚúäöí áöÍúíóÊóåõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÚóÞóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó æóÚóÊóæúÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåöãú æóÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÕóÇáöÍõ ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚöÏõäóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 77] . ÝóÌóãóÚõæÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåöãú åóÐóÇ Èóíúäó ßõÝúÑò ÈóáöíÛò ãöäú æõÌõæåòº ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ Ýöí ÇÑúÊößóÇÈöåöãõ Çáäøóåúíó ÇáúÃóßöíÏó Ýöí ÚóÞúÑö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÚóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ áóåõãú ÂíóÉð¡ æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇÓúÊóÚúÌóáõæÇ æõÞõæÚó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èöåöãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøõæåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÇáÔøóÑúØõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ ÊóãóÓøõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò ÝóíóÃúÎõÐóßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÞóÑöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 64] . æóÝöí ÂíóÉò " ÚóÙöíãñ ". æóÝöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì " Ãóáöíãñ ". æóÇáúßõáøõ ÍóÞøñ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇÓúÊöÚúÌóÇáõåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÞóÇãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚõ Úóáóì äõÈõæøóÊöåö æóÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ðóáößó ÚöáúãðÇ ÌóÇÒöãðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú Íóãóáóåõãõ ÇáúßõÝúÑõ æóÇáÖøóáóÇáõ æóÇáúÚöäóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏö ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóæõÞõæÚö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èöåöãú. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóãóÊøóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò Ðóáößó æóÚúÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóßúÐõæÈò} [åæÏ: 65] . æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÚóÞóÑõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÓóØóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÞõÏóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöÝò áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ ÝóÚóÑúÞóÈóåóÇ ÝóÓóÞóØóÊú Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÈúÊóÏóÑõæåóÇ ÈöÃóÓúíóÇÝöåöãú íõÞóØøöÚõæäóåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇíóäó Ðóáößó ÓóÞúÈõåóÇ¡ æóåõæó æóáóÏõåóÇ ÔóÑóÏó Úóäúåõãú ÝóÚóáóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáö åõäóÇßó¡ æóÑóÛóÇ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊòº ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÕóÇáöÍñ: {ÊóãóÊøóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò} [åæÏ: 65] . Ãóíú ÛóíúÑó íóæúãöåöãú Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóãú íõÕóÏøöÞõæåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÚúÏö ÇáúÃóßöíÏö¡ Èóáú áóãøóÇ ÃóãúÓóæúÇ åóãøõæÇ ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäú íõáúÍöÞõæåõ ÈöÇáäøóÇÞóÉö {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÞóÇÓóãõæÇ ÈöÇááøóåö áóäõÈóíøöÊóäøóåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ} [Çáäãá: 49] . Ãóíú áóäóßúÈöÓóäøóåõ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåö ãóÚó Ãóåúáöåö ÝóáóäóÞúÊõáóäøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó äóÌúÍóÏóäøó ÞóÊúáóåõ¡ æóäõäúßöÑóäøó Ðóáößó Åöäú ØóÇáóÈóäóÇ ÃóæúáöíóÇÄõåõ ÈöÏóãöåöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {Ëõãøó áóäóÞõæáóäøó áöæóáöíøöåö ãóÇ ÔóåöÏúäóÇ ãóåúáößó Ãóåúáöåö æóÅöäøóÇ áóÕóÇÏöÞõæäó} [Çáäãá: 49] . æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì:(1/315)
{æóãóßóÑõæÇ ãóßúÑðÇ æóãóßóÑúäóÇ ãóßúÑðÇ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ãóßúÑöåöãú ÃóäøóÇ ÏóãøóÑúäóÇåõãú æóÞóæúãóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó ÝóÊöáúßó ÈõíõæÊõåõãú ÎóÇæöíóÉð ÈöãóÇ ÙóáóãõæÇ Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð áöÞóæúãò íóÚúáóãõæäó æóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó} [Çáäãá: 50] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÑúÓóáó Úóáóì ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáäøóÝóÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÕóÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáó ÕóÇáöÍò ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ÑóÖóÎóÊúåõãú ÓóáóÝðÇ æóÊóÚúÌöíáðÇ ÞóÈúáó Þóæúãöåöãú¡ æóÃóÕúÈóÍóÊú ËóãõæÏõ íóæúãó ÇáúÎóãöíÓö¡ æóåõæó Çáúíóæúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáäøóÙöÑóÉö¡ æóæõÌõæåõåõãú ãõÕúÝóÑøóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäúÐóÑóåõãú ÕóÇáöÍñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóãúÓóæúÇ äóÇÏóæúÇ ÈöÃóÌúãóÚöåöãú: ÃóáóÇ ÞóÏú ãóÖóì íóæúãñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌóáö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáÊøóÃúÌöíáö¡ æóåõæó íóæúãõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóæõÌõæåõåõãú ãõÍúãóÑøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóãúÓóæúÇ äóÇÏóæúÇ: ÃóáóÇ ÞóÏú ãóÖóì íóæúãóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌóáö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäú ÃóíøóÇãö ÇáúãóÊóÇÚö¡ æóåõæó íóæúãõ ÇáÓøóÈúÊö¡ æóæõÌõæåõåõãú ãõÓúæóÏøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóãúÓóæúÇ äóÇÏóæúÇ: ÃóáóÇ ÞóÏú ãóÖóì ÇáúÃóÌóáõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÈöíÍóÉõ íóæúãö ÇáúÃóÍóÏö ÊóÍóäøóØõæÇ æóÊóÃóåøóÈõæÇ¡ æóÞóÚóÏõæÇ íóäúÙõÑõæäó ãóÇÐóÇ íóÍöáøõ Èöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö æóÇáäøóßóÇáö æóÇáäøöÞúãóÉö áóÇ íóÏúÑõæäó ßóíúÝó íõÝúÚóáõ Èöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú Ãóíøö ÌöåóÉò íóÃúÊöíåöãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÔúÑóÞóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ÕóíúÍóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäú ÝóæúÞöåöãú¡ æóÑóÌúÝóÉñ ÔóÏöíÏóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÓúÝóáó ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÝóÇÖóÊö ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍõ æóÒóåóÞóÊö ÇáäøõÝõæÓõ¡ æóÓóßóäóÊö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊõ¡ æóÎóÔóÚóÊö ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊõ¡ æóÍõÞøóÊö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞõ¡ {ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 78] ÌõËóËðÇ áóÇ ÃóÑúæóÇÍó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÍöÑóÇßó ÈöåóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÞúÚóÏóÉð¡ æóÇÓúãõåóÇ: ßóáúÈóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÇáÓøóáúÞö¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåóÇ: ÇáÒøõÑóíúÚóÉõ. æóßóÇäóÊú ÔóÏöíÏóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö áöÕóÇáöÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÃõØúáöÞóÊú ÑöÌúáóÇåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇãóÊú ÊóÓúÚóì ßóÃóÓúÑóÚö ÔóíúÁò ÝóÃóÊóÊú ÍóíøðÇ ãöäó(1/316)
ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÑóÃóÊú æóãóÇ Íóáøó ÈöÞóæúãöåóÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÓúÞóÊúåõãú ãóÇÁð¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÔóÑöÈóÊú ãóÇÊóÊú. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 92] . Ãóíú áóãú íõÞöíãõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí ÓóÚóÉò¡ æóÑöÒúÞò¡ æóÛóäóÇÁò: {ÃóáóÇ Åöäøó ËóãõæÏó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóåõãú ÃóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöËóãõæÏó} [åæÏ: 68] . Ãóíú äóÇÏóì Úóáóíúåöãú áöÓóÇäõ ÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÈöåóÐóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÍöÌúÑö ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáõæÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåóÇ Þóæúãõ ÕóÇáöÍò ÝóßóÇäóÊú íóÚúäöí ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ÊóÑöÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÌøö¡ æóÊóÕúÏõÑõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÌøö ÝóÚóÊóæúÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåöãú ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÊóÔúÑóÈõ ãóÇÁóåõãú íóæúãðÇ¡ æóíóÔúÑóÈõæäó áóÈóäóåóÇ íóæúãðÇ¡ ÝóÚóÞóÑõæåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãú ÕóíúÍóÉñ ÃóåúãóÏó Çááøóåõ ãóäú ÊóÍúÊó ÃóÏöíãö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãöäúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÍóÑóãö Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóäú åõæó íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÑöÛóÇáò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóãö ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó Þóæúãóåõ» . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÞóÇáó: ãóÚúãóÑñ ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÑøó ÈöÞóÈúÑö ÃóÈöí ÑöÛóÇáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÏúÑõæäó ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÞóÈúÑõ ÃóÈöí ÑöÛóÇáò ÑóÌõáò ãöäú ËóãõæÏó ßóÇäó Ýöí ÍóÑóãö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóãóäóÚóåõ ÍóÑóãõ Çááøóåö ÚóÐóÇÈó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó Þóæúãóåõ¡ ÝóÏõÝöäó åóÇåõäóÇ æóÏõÝöäó ãóÚóåõ ÛõÕúäñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò. ÝóäóÒóáó ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÝóÇÈúÊóÏóÑõæåõ ÈöÃóÓúíóÇÝöåöãú ÝóÈóÍóËõæÇ Úóäúåõ¡(1/317)
ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõæÇ ÇáúÛõÕúäó» . ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö: ÞóÇáó ãóÚúãóÑñ: ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: ÃóÈõæ ÑöÛóÇáò ÃóÈõæ ËóÞöíÝò. åóÐóÇ ãõÑúÓóáñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýöí ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó¡ Úóäú ÈõÌóíúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈõÌóíúÑò¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ¡ «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ: Íöíäó ÎóÑóÌúäóÇ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÆöÝö ÝóãóÑóÑúäóÇ ÈöÞóÈúÑò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÞóÈúÑõ ÃóÈöí ÑöÛóÇáò¡ æóåõæó ÃóÈõæ ËóÞöíÝò¡ æóßóÇäó ãöäú ËóãõæÏó¡ æóßóÇäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÑóãö íóÏúÝóÚõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÃóÕóÇÈóÊúåõ ÇáäøöÞúãóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÕóÇÈóÊú Þóæúãóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóßóÇäö ÝóÏõÝöäó Ýöíåö¡ æóÂíóÉõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÏõÝöäó ãóÚóåõ ÛõÕúäñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò¡ Åöäú ÃóäúÊõãú äóÈóÔúÊõãú Úóäúåõ ÃóÕóÈúÊõãõæåõ ãóÚóåõ. ÝóÇÈúÊóÏóÑóåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÛõÕúäó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èöåö. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÍóÓóäñ ÚóÒöíÒñ. ÞõáúÊõ: ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÈõÌóíúÑõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈõÌóíúÑò åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ Óöæóì ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃõãóíøóÉó. ÞóÇáó ÔóíúÎõäóÇ: ÝóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõ æóåöãó Ýöí ÑóÝúÚöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãöäú ÒóÇãöáóÊóíúåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÞõáúÊõ: áóßöäú Ýöí ÇáúãõÑúÓóáö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÃóíúÖðÇ ÔóÇåöÏñ áóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/318)
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÊóæóáøóì Úóäúåõãú æóÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÉó ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 79] . ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ Úóäú ÕóÇáöÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇØóÈó Þóæúãóåõ ÈóÚúÏó åóáóÇßöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó Ýöí ÇáÐøóåóÇÈö Úóäú ãóÍöáøóÊöåöãú Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõãú: {íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÉó ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 79] . Ãóíú ÌóåóÏúÊõ Ýöí åöÏóÇíóÊößõãú Èößõáøö ãóÇ Ãóãúßóäóäöí¡ æóÍóÑóÕúÊõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöí æóÝöÚúáöí æóäöíøóÊöí {æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊõÍöÈøõæäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 79] . Ãóíú áóãú Êóßõäú ÓóÌóÇíóÇßõãú ÊóÞúÈóáõ ÇáúÍóÞøó æóáóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõåõ¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÕöÑúÊõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáöíãö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÑøö Èößõãõ ÇáúãõÊøóÕöáö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÈóÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó áöí Ýöíßõãú ÍöíáóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ áöí ÈöÇáÏøóÝúÚö Úóäúßõãú íóÏóÇäö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí æóÌóÈó Úóáóíøó ãöäú ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáäøõÕúÍö áóßõãú ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáúÊõåõ æóÈóÐóáúÊõåõ áóßõãú¡ æóáóßöäøó Çááøóåó íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóåúáó ÞóáöíÈö ÈóÏúÑò ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËö áóíóÇáò¡ æóÞóÝó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóßöÈó ÑóÇÍöáóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáÑøóÍöíáö ãöäú ÂÎöÑö Çááøóíúáö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: «íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúÞóáöíÈö åóáú æóÌóÏúÊõãú ãóÇ æóÚóÏóßõãú ÑóÈøõßõãú ÍóÞøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóÏú æóÌóÏúÊõ ãóÇ æóÚóÏóäöí ÑóÈøöí ÍóÞøðÇ» . æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó: «ÈöÆúÓó ÚóÔöíÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ßõäúÊõãú áöäóÈöíøößõãú ßóÐøóÈúÊõãõæäöí æóÕóÏøóÞóäöí ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌúÊõãõæäöí æóÂæóÇäöí ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóÞóÇÊóáúÊõãõæäöí æóäóÕóÑóäöí ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÝóÈöÆúÓó ÚóÔöíÑóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ßõäúÊõãú áöäóÈöíøößõãú» . ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÚõãóÑõ: «íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÊõÎóÇØöÈõ ÃóÞúæóÇãðÇ ÞóÏú ÌóíøóÝõæÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÈöÃóÓúãóÚó áöãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÌöíÈõæäó» . æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇäúÊóÞóáó Åöáóì ÍóÑóãö Çááøóåö ÝóÃóÞóÇãó Èöåö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóãúÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó(1/319)
Èúäö æóåúÑóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöæóÇÏöí ÚõÓúÝóÇäó Íöíäó ÍóÌøó ÞóÇáó: «íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ãóíøõ æóÇÏò åóÐóÇ¿» . ÞóÇáó: æóÇÏöí ÚõÓúÝóÇäó. ÞóÇáó: «áóÞóÏú ãóÑøó Èöåö åõæÏñ¡ æóÕóÇáöÍñ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÈóßóÑóÇÊò ÍõãúÑò ÎõØõãõåóÇ ÇááøöíÝõ¡ ÃõÒõÑõåõãõ ÇáúÚóÈóÇÁõ¡ æóÃóÑúÏöíóÊõåõãõ ÇáäøöãóÇÑõ¡ íõáóÈøõæäó íóÍõÌøõæäó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÊöíÞó» . ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøö¡ æóÝöíåö äõæÍñ¡ æóåõæÏñ¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ.(1/320)
[ÐößúÑõ ãõÑõæÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöæóÇÏöí ÇáúÍöÌúÑö ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ËóãõæÏó ÚóÇãó ÊóÈõæßó]
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÕóÎúÑõ Èúäõ ÌõæóíúÑöíóÉó¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ äóÒóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÊóÈõæßó äóÒóáó Èöåöãõ ÇáúÍöÌúÑó ÚöäúÏó ÈõíõæÊö ËóãõæÏó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞóì ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäó ÇáúÂÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÔúÑóÈõ ãöäúåóÇ ËóãõæÏõ¡ ÝóÚóÌóäõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ æóäóÕóÈõæÇ ÇáúÞõÏõæÑó ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÝóÃóåúÑóÇÞõæÇ ÇáúÞõÏõæÑó¡ æóÚóáóÝõæÇ ÇáúÚóÌöíäó ÇáúÅöÈöáó¡ Ëõãøó ÇÑúÊóÍóáó Èöåöãú ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáó Èöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÈöÆúÑö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÔúÑóÈõ ãöäúåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉõ¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÚõÐøöÈõæÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãú ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ÝóáóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú» .
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóåõæó ÈöÇáúÍöÌúÑö: «áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚóÐøóÈöíäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÇßöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÇßöíäó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãú ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú» . ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåò. æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ãóÑøó ÈöãóäóÇÒöáöåöãú ÞóäøóÚó ÑóÃúÓóåõ¡ æóÃóÓúÑóÚó ÑóÇÍöáóÊóåõ¡ æóäóåóì Úóäú ÏõÎõæáö ãóäóÇÒöáöåöãú «ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÇßöíäó» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò «ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÈúßõæÇ ÝóÊóÈóÇßóæúÇ¡ ÎóÔúíóÉó Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãú ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú» . ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö.(1/321)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Èúäõ åóÇÑõæäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúãóÓúÚõæÏöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÃóæúÓóØó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ßóÈúÔóÉó ÇáúÃóäúãóÇÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ: ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÚóÇãöÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÒúæóÉö ÊóÈõæßó¡ ÝóÓóÇÑóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöÌúÑö íóÏúÎõáõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóäóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö: ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÌóÇãöÚóÉñ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÓößñ ÈóÚöíÑóåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæäó Úóáóì Þóæúãò ÛóÖöÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú¿ ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÌõáñ: äóÚúÌóÈõ ãöäúåõãú íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóáóÇ ÃõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöÃóÚúÌóÈó ãöäú Ðóáößó¿ ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓößõãú íõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ßóÇÆöäñ ÈóÚúÏóßõãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÞöíãõæÇ æóÓóÏøöÏõæÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÚúÈóÃõ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈößõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí Þóæúãñ áóÇ íóÏúÝóÚõæäó Úóäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÈöÔóíúÁò» . ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌõæåõ.
æóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó Þóæúãó ÕóÇáöÍò ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÚúãóÇÑõåõãú ØóæöíáóÉð¡ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ íóÈúäõæäó ÇáúÈõíõæÊó ãöäó ÇáúãóÏóÑö ÝóÊóÎúÑóÈõ ÞóÈúáó ãóæúÊö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóäóÍóÊõæÇ áóåõãú ÈõíõæÊðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáõæåõ ÂíóÉð¡ ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Çááøóåõ áóåõãõ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöåóÇ æóÈöÇáúæóáóÏö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÌóæúÝöåóÇ¡ æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãú ÈóÃúÓó Çááøóåö Åöäú åõãú äóÇáõæåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ÓóíóÚúÞöÑõæäóåóÇ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÓóÈóÈõ åóáóÇßöåöãú Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóßóÑó áóåõãú ÕöÝóÉó ÚóÇÞöÑöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÍúãóÑõ ÃóÒúÑóÞõ ÃóÕúåóÈõ¡ ÝóÈóÚóËõæÇ ÇáúÞóæóÇÈöáó Ýöí ÇáúÈóáóÏö ãóÊóì æóÌóÏõæÇ ãóæúáõæÏðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö íóÞúÊõáúäóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÏóåúÑðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ¡ æóÇäúÞóÑóÖó Ìöíáñ æóÃóÊóì Ìöíáñ ÂÎóÑõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÎóØóÈó ÑóÆöíÓñ(1/322)
ãöäú ÑõÄóÓóÇÆöåöãú Úóáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÈöäúÊó ÂÎóÑó ãöËúáöåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöíóÇÓóÉö¡ ÝóÒóæøóÌóåõ ÝóæõáöÏó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÚóÇÞöÑõ ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÞõÏóÇÑõ Èúäõ ÓóÇáöÝò¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÊóãóßøóäö ÇáúÞóæóÇÈöáõ ãöäú ÞóÊúáöåö áöÔóÑóÝö ÃóÈóæóíúåö æóÌóÏøóíúåö Ýöíåöãú¡ ÝóäóÔóÃó äóÔúÃóÉð ÓóÑöíÚóÉð ÝóßóÇäó íóÔöÈøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÔöÈøõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÔóåúÑò¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö Ãóäú ÎóÑóÌó ãõØóÇÚðÇ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÆöíÓðÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ ÝóÓóæøóáóÊú áóåõ äóÝúÓõåõ ÚóÞúÑó ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ËóãóÇäöíóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÔúÑóÇÝöåöãú¡ æóåõãõ ÇáÊøöÓúÚóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáó ÕóÇáöÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäú ÚóÞúÑö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉö¡ æóÈóáóÛó Ðóáößó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌóÇÁóåõãú ÈóÇßöíðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóÊóáóÞøóæúåõ íóÚúÊóÐöÑõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóíóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãú íóÞóÚú Úóäú ãóáóÃò ãöäøóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÍúÏóÇËõ ÝöíäóÇ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßö ÓóÞúÈöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íõÍúÓöäõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÚöæóÖðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÐóåóÈõæÇ æóÑóÇÁóåõ ÝóÕóÚöÏó ÌóÈóáðÇ åõäóÇßó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÕóÇÚóÏõæÇ Ýöíåö æóÑóÇÁóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÌóÈóáõ ÍóÊøóì ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÝóáóÇ íóäóÇáõåõ ÇáØøóíúÑõ¡ æóÈóßóì ÇáúÝóÕöíáõ ÍóÊøóì ÓóÇáóÊú ÏõãõæÚõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÑóÛóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ ÝóÚöäúÏóåóÇ ÞóÇáó ÕóÇáöÍñ: {ÊóãóÊøóÚõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò Ðóáößó æóÚúÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóßúÐõæÈò} [åæÏ: 65] . æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú íõÕúÈöÍõæäó ãöäú ÛóÏöåöãú ÕõÝúÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÍúãóÑøõ æõÌõæåõåõãú Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÝöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÊóÓúæóÏøõ æõÌõæåõåõãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÃóÊóÊúåõãõ ÕóíúÍóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ÕóæúÊõ ßõáøö ÕóÇÚöÞóÉò ÝóÃóÎúãóÏóÊúåõãú ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö äóÙóÑñ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉñ áöÙóÇåöÑö ãóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÔóÃúäöåöãú æóÞöÕøóÊöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ.(1/323)
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[ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ æóÞöÕøóÊõåõ ãóÚó Þóæúãöåö]
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[ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 16 - 27](1/326)
Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõäóÇÙóÑóÊóåõ áöÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáõ ÏóÚúæóÊöåö áöÃóÈöíåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ ãöãøóäú íóÚúÈõÏõ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãóº áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÅöÎúáóÇÕö ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉö áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÕöÏøöíÞðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 41] ÅöÐú {ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöíåö íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö áöãó ÊóÚúÈõÏõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúãóÚõ æóáóÇ íõÈúÕöÑõ æóáóÇ íõÛúäöí Úóäúßó ÔóíúÆðÇ - íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóäöí ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ áóãú íóÃúÊößó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚúäöí ÃóåúÏößó ÕöÑóÇØðÇ ÓóæöíøðÇ - íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö áóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ßóÇäó áöáÑøóÍúãóäö ÚóÕöíøðÇ - íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóãóÓøóßó ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÝóÊóßõæäó áöáÔøóíúØóÇäö æóáöíøðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÃóÑóÇÛöÈñ ÃóäúÊó Úóäú ÂáöåóÊöí íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ áóÆöäú áóãú ÊóäúÊóåö áóÃóÑúÌõãóäøóßó æóÇåúÌõÑúäöí ãóáöíøðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßó ÓóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßó ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èöí ÍóÝöíøðÇ - æóÃóÚúÊóÒöáõßõãú æóãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóÃóÏúÚõæ ÑóÈøöí ÚóÓóì ÃóáøóÇ Ãóßõæäó ÈöÏõÚóÇÁö ÑóÈøöí ÔóÞöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 42 - 48]
[ãóÑúíóãó: 41 - 48] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÈöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇæóÑóÉö æóÇáúãõÌóÇÏóáóÉö¡ æóßóíúÝó ÏóÚóÇ ÃóÈóÇåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÃóáúØóÝö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉò æóÃóÍúÓóäö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉò¡ Èóíøóäó áóåõ ÈõØúáóÇäó ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ ÏõÚóÇÁó ÚóÇÈöÏöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÈúÕöÑõ ãóßóÇäóåõ¡ ßóíúÝó ÊõÛúäöí Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ Ãóæú ÊóÝúÚóáõ Èöåö ÎóíúÑðÇ ãöäú ÑöÒúÞò Ãóæú äóÕúÑò¿(1/327)
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãõäóÈøöåðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÕúÛóÑó ÓöäøðÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöíåö {íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóäöí ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãóÇ áóãú íóÃúÊößó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚúäöí ÃóåúÏößó ÕöÑóÇØðÇ ÓóæöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 43] . Ãóíú ãõÓúÊóÞöíãðÇ æóÇÖöÍðÇ ÓóåúáðÇ ÍóäöíÝðÇ¡ íõÝúÖöí Èößó Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇßó æóÃõÎúÑóÇßó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÑóÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøõÔúÏó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóåúÏóì åóÐöåö ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉó Åöáóíúåö áóãú íóÞúÈóáúåóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÐóåóÇ Úóäúåõ Èóáú ÊóåóÏøóÏóåõ æóÊóæóÚøóÏóåõ {ÞóÇáó ÃóÑóÇÛöÈñ ÃóäúÊó Úóäú ÂáöåóÊöí íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ áóÆöäú áóãú ÊóäúÊóåö áóÃóÑúÌõãóäøóßó} [ãÑíã: 46] . Þöíáó: ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇáö. æóÞöíáó: ÈöÇáúÝóÚóÇáö {æóÇåúÌõÑúäöí ãóáöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 46] Ãóíú æóÇÞúØóÚúäöí æóÃóØöáú åöÌúÑóÇäöí ÝóÚöäúÏóåóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: {ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóíúßó} [ãÑíã: 47] Ãóíú áóÇ íóÕöáõßó ãöäøöí ãóßúÑõæåñ¡ æóáóÇ íóäóÇáõßó ãöäøöí ÃóÐðì¡ Èóáú ÃóäúÊó ÓóÇáöãñ ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÊöí¡ æóÒóÇÏóåõ ÎóíúÑðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: {ÓóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßó ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Èöí ÍóÝöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 47] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõåõ: Ãóíú áóØöíÝðÇ. íóÚúäöí Ýöí Ãóäú åóÏóÇäöí áöÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö áóåõº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÃóÚúÊóÒöáõßõãú æóãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóÃóÏúÚõæ ÑóÈøöí ÚóÓóì ÃóáøóÇ Ãóßõæäó ÈöÏõÚóÇÁö ÑóÈøöí ÔóÞöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 48] . æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÛúÝóÑó áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõ Ýöí ÃóÏúÚöíóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÏõæøñ áöáøóåö ÊóÈóÑøóÃó ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áöÃóÈöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ãóæúÚöÏóÉò æóÚóÏóåóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÏõæøñ áöáøóåö ÊóÈóÑøóÃó ãöäúåõ Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóÃóæøóÇåñ Íóáöíãñ} [ÇáÊæÈÉ: 114] .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÎöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÍóãöíÏö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «íóáúÞóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÃóÈóÇåõ ÂÒóÑó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì æóÌúåö ÂÒóÑó ÞóÊóÑóÉñ æóÛóÈóÑóÉñ. ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßó áóÇ ÊóÚúÕöäöí. ÝóíóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÃóÈõæåõ: ÝóÇáúíóæúãó(1/328)
áóÇ ÃóÚúÕöíßó. ÝóíóÞõæáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: íóÇ ÑóÈøö Åöäøóßó æóÚóÏúÊóäöí Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÎúÒöäöí íóæúãó íõÈúÚóËõæäó¡ æóÃóíøõ ÎöÒúíò ÃóÎúÒóì ãöäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÃóÈúÚóÏö. ÝóíóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ: Åöäøöí ÍóÑøóãúÊõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ: íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÑöÌúáóíúßó¡ ÝóíóäúÙõÑõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÈöÐöíÎò ãõÊóáóØøöÎò ÝóíõÄúÎóÐõ ÈöÞóæóÇÆöãöåö ÝóíõáúÞóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö» . åóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõäúÝóÑöÏðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö. æóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ØóåúãóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÐöÆúÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúãóÞúÈõÑöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóÝúÕö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ØóåúãóÇäó Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÍóãøóÇÏö Èúäö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. æóÝöí ÓöíóÇÞöåö ÛóÑóÇÈóÉñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÛóÇÝöÑö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ áöÃóÈöíåö ÂÒóÑó ÃóÊóÊøóÎöÐõ ÃóÕúäóÇãðÇ ÂáöåóÉð Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßó æóÞóæúãóßó Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 74] . åóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÃóÈöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÂÒóÑõ. æóÌõãúåõæÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÓóÈö ãöäúåõãõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÃóÈöíåö ÊóÇÑóÍõ. æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íóÞõæáõæäó: ÊóÇÑóÎõ ÈöÇáúÎóÇÁö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö. ÝóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áõÞøöÈó ÈöÕóäóãò ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõåõ ÇÓúãõåõ ÂÒóÑõ.(1/329)
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÇÓúãóåõ ÂÒóÑõ¡ æóáóÚóáøó áóåõ ÇÓúãóÇäö ÚóáóãóÇäö Ãóæú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ áóÞóÈñ¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ Úóáóãñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÍúÊóãóáñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó äõÑöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãóáóßõæÊó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáöíóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõæÞöäöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ Ìóäøó Úóáóíúåö Çááøóíúáõ ÑóÃóì ßóæúßóÈðÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáó ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÃõÍöÈøõ ÇáúÂÝöáöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÈóÇÒöÛðÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáó ÞóÇáó áóÆöäú áóãú íóåúÏöäöí ÑóÈøöí áóÃóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÈóÇÒöÛóÉð ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí åóÐóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáóÊú ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö Åöäøöí ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Åöäøöí æóÌøóåúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó æóÍóÇÌøóåõ Þóæúãõåõ ÞóÇáó ÃóÊõÍóÇÌøõæäøöí Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÞóÏú åóÏóÇäöí æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøöí ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó æóßóíúÝó ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó Ãóäøóßõãú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊõãú ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÇ áóãú íõäóÒøöáú Èöåö Úóáóíúßõãú ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóíøõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúäö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóáóãú íóáúÈöÓõæÇ ÅöíãóÇäóåõãú ÈöÙõáúãò ÃõæáóÆößó áóåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúäõ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó æóÊöáúßó ÍõÌøóÊõäóÇ ÂÊóíúäóÇåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Íóßöíãñ Úóáöíãñ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 75]
[ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 75 - 83] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãõ ãóÞóÇãõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉò áöÞóæúãöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäñ áóåõãú Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÌúÑóÇãó ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉó ãöäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáäøóíøöÑóÉö áóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÃõáõæåöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÚúÈóÏó ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøóº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ ãóÑúÈõæÈóÉñ ãóÕúäõæÚóÉñ ãõÏóÈøóÑóÉñ ãõÓóÎøóÑóÉñ ÊóØúáõÚõ ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÊóÃúÝõáõ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÊóÛöíÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÇ íóÛöíÈõ Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ. æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÝóì Úóáóíúåö ÎóÇÝöíóÉñ(1/330)
¡ Èóáú åõæó ÇáÏøóÇÆöãõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÈöáóÇ ÒóæóÇáò áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÈøó ÓöæóÇåõ ÝóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ ÚóÏóãó ÕóáóÇÍöíóÉö ÇáúßóæúßóÈö - Þöíáó: åõæó ÇáÒøõåóÑóÉõ - áöÐóáößó ÊóÑóÞøóì ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóãóÑö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÃóÖúæóÃõ ãöäúåóÇ æóÃóÈúåóì ãöäú ÍõÓúäöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÑóÞøóì Åöáóì ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÔóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÌúÑóÇãö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö ÖöíóÇÁð æóÓóäóÇÁð æóÈóåóÇÁð¡ ÝóÈóíøóäó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÓóÎøóÑóÉñ ãõÓóíøóÑóÉñ ãõÞóÏøóÑóÉñ ãóÑúÈõæÈóÉñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú ÂíóÇÊöåö Çááøóíúáõ æóÇáäøóåóÇÑõ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ æóÇáúÞóãóÑõ áóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáÔøóãúÓö æóáóÇ áöáúÞóãóÑö æóÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóåõäøó Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÅöíøóÇåõ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 37] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÔøóãúÓó ÈóÇÒöÛóÉð} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 78] . Ãóíú ØóÇáöÚóÉð {ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÑóÈøöí åóÐóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÝóáóÊú ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö Åöäøöí ÈóÑöíÁñ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó - Åöäøöí æóÌøóåúÊõ æóÌúåöíó áöáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó - æóÍóÇÌøóåõ Þóæúãõåõ ÞóÇáó ÃóÊõÍóÇÌøõæäøöí Ýöí Çááøóåö æóÞóÏú åóÏóÇäö æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÇÝõ ãóÇ ÊõÔúÑößõæäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó ÑóÈøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 78 - 80] . Ãóíú áóÓúÊõ ÃõÈóÇáöí Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂáöåóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäóåóÇ ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõ ÔóíúÆðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ æóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõ¡ Èóáú åöíó ãóÑúÈõæÈóÉñ ãõÓóÎøóÑóÉñ ßóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÕúäõæÚóÉñ ãóäúÍõæÊóÉñ ãóäúÌõæÑóÉñ.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ãóæúÚöÙóÊóåõ åóÐöåö Ýöí ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö áöÃóåúáö ÍóÑøóÇäó ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÑõÏøõ Þóæúáó ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ Íöíäó ÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÑóÈö áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ Åöáóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑò ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÉò áóÇ íõæËóÞõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóÊö ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÈóÇÈöáó ÝóßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó¡ æóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÇÙóÑóåõãú Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåóÇ¡ æóßóÓóÑóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú æóÃóåóÇäóåóÇ æóÈóíøóäó ÈõØúáóÇäóåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõãú ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóæúËóÇäðÇ ãóæóÏøóÉó Èóíúäößõãú Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ëõãøó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö íóßúÝõÑõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈöÈóÚúÖò æóíóáúÚóäõ ÈóÚúÖõßõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ æóãóÃúæóÇßõãõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ æóãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú äóÇÕöÑöíäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 25] .(1/331)
æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÑõÔúÏóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóßõäøóÇ Èöåö ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóãóÇËöíáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóäúÊõãú áóåóÇ ÚóÇßöÝõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÂÈóÇÁóäóÇ áóåóÇ ÚóÇÈöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó áóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõãú ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Ãóãú ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇááøóÇÚöÈöíäó ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÑóÈøõßõãú ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóåõäøó æóÃóäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏöíäó æóÊóÇááøóåö áóÃóßöíÏóäøó ÃóÕúäóÇãóßõãú ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊõæóáøõæÇ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó ÝóÌóÚóáóåõãú ÌõÐóÇÐðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ áóåõãú áóÚóáøóåõãú Åöáóíúåö íóÑúÌöÚõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóäú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÂáöåóÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõ áóãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÝóÊðì íóÐúßõÑõåõãú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÝóÃúÊõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÃóÚúíõäö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÔúåóÏõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÃóäúÊó ÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÈöÂáöåóÊöäóÇ íóÇÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÝóÚóáóåõ ßóÈöíÑõåõãú åóÐóÇ ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæåõãú Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóäúØöÞõæäó ÝóÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó Ëõãøó äõßöÓõæÇ Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓöåöãú áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó ãóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö íóäúØöÞõæäó ÞóÇáó ÃóÝóÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ æóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõßõãú ÃõÝøò áóßõãú æóáöãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÑøöÞõæåõ æóÇäúÕõÑõæÇ ÂáöåóÊóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó ÞõáúäóÇ íóÇäóÇÑõ ßõæäöí ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóÓóáóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ßóíúÏðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÓóÑöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 51]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 69 - 83] .(1/332)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: {æóÅöäøó ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåö áóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁó ÑóÈøóåõ ÈöÞóáúÈò Óóáöíãò ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÃóÆöÝúßðÇ ÂáöåóÉð Ïõæäó Çááøóåö ÊõÑöíÏõæäó ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßõãú ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÝóäóÙóÑó äóÙúÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáäøõÌõæãö ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÓóÞöíãñ ÝóÊóæóáøóæúÇ Úóäúåõ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó ÝóÑóÇÛó Åöáóì ÂáöåóÊöåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóáóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæäó ãóÇ áóßõãú áóÇ ÊóäúØöÞõæäó ÝóÑóÇÛó Úóáóíúåöãú ÖóÑúÈðÇ ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö ÝóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ Åöáóíúåö íóÒöÝøõæäó ÞóÇáó ÃóÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãóÇ ÊóäúÍöÊõæäó æóÇááøóåõ ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÇÈúäõæÇ áóåõ ÈõäúíóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóáúÞõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÍöíãö ÝóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ßóíúÏðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóÓúÝóáöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 83]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 83 - 98] .
íõÎúÈöÑõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóæúËóÇäö¡ æóÍóÞøóÑóåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú¡ æóÕóÛøóÑóåóÇ¡ æóÊóäóÞøóÕóåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóãóÇËöíáõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóäúÊõãú áóåóÇ ÚóÇßöÝõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 52] . Ãóíú ãõÚúÊóßöÝõæäó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ æóÎóÇÖöÚõæäó áóåóÇ {ÞóÇáõæÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÂÈóÇÁóäóÇ áóåóÇ ÚóÇÈöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 53] . ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÊóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóäöíÚõ ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÌúÏóÇÏö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏö {ÞóÇáó áóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõãú ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 54] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÃóÆöÝúßðÇ ÂáöåóÉð Ïõæäó Çááøóåö ÊõÑöíÏõæäó ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßõãú ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 85] . ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÝóãóÇ Ùóäøõßõãú Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÇÚöáñ Èößõãú ÅöÐóÇ áóÞöíÊõãõæåõ æóÞóÏú ÚóÈóÏúÊõãú ÛóíúÑóåõ. æóÞóÇáó áóåõãú: {åóáú íóÓúãóÚõæäóßõãú ÅöÐú ÊóÏúÚõæäó Ãóæú íóäúÝóÚõæäóßõãú Ãóæú íóÖõÑøõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáú æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÂÈóÇÁóäóÇ ßóÐóáößó íóÝúÚóáõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 72] . ÓóáøóãõæÇ(1/333)
áóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõ ÏóÇÚöíðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõ æóáóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõ ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ áóåõãú Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåóÇ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÈöÃóÓúáóÇÝöåöãú¡ æóãóäú åõæó ãöËúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÖøóáóÇáö ãöäó ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú: {ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãõ ÇáúÃóÞúÏóãõæäó ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÚóÏõæøñ áöí ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 75] . æóåóÐóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö ÅöáóåöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóæúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóÈóÑøóÃó ãöäúåóÇ æóÊóäóÞøóÕó ÈöåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÖõÑøõ áóÖóÑøóÊúåõ Ãóæú ÊõÄóËøöÑõ áóÃóËøóÑóÊú Ýöíåö {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö Ãóãú ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇááøóÇÚöÈöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 55] . íóÞõæáõæäó: åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞõæáõåõ áóäóÇ¡ æóÊóäúÊóÞöÕõ Èöåö ÂáöåóÊóäóÇ¡ æóÊóØúÚóäõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö Ýöí ÂÈóÇÆöäóÇ ÊóÞõæáõåõ ãõÍöÞøðÇ ÌóÇÏøðÇ Ýöíåö Ãóãú áóÇÚöÈðÇ ÞóÇáó: {Èóáú ÑóÈøõßõãú ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóåõäøó æóÃóäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 56] . íóÚúäöí: Èóáú ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú Ðóáößó ÌóÇÏøðÇ ãõÍöÞøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Åöáóåõßõãõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÑóÈøõßõãú¡ æóÑóÈøõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÝóÇØöÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ áóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ãöËóÇáò ÓóÈóÞó¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöÞøõ áöáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößõãú ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏöíäó. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÊóÇááøóåö áóÃóßöíÏóäøó ÃóÕúäóÇãóßõãú ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊõæóáøõæÇ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 57] . ÃóÞúÓóãó áóíóßöíÏóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó Åöáóì ÚöíÏöåöãú. Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÎõÝúíóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ÓóãöÚóåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú. æóßóÇäó áóåõãú ÚöíÏñ íóÐúåóÈõæäó Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÇãò ãóÑøóÉð Åöáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÝóÏóÚóÇåõ ÃóÈõæåõ áöíóÍúÖõÑóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {Åöäøöí ÓóÞöíãñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 89] ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÙóÑó äóÙúÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáäøõÌõæãö ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÓóÞöíãñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 88] . ÚóÑøóÖó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÍóÊøóì ÊóæóÕøóáó Åöáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö ãöäú ÅöåóÇäóÉö ÃóÕúäóÇãöåöãú¡ æóäõÕúÑóÉö Ïöíäö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí ÈõØúáóÇäö ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ Ãóäú ÊõßóÓøóÑó¡ æóÃóäú ÊõåóÇäó ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúÅöåóÇäóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ Åöáóì ÚöíÏöåöãú¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó åõæó Ýöí ÈóáóÏöåöãú {ÝÑóÇÛó Åöáóì ÂáöåóÊöåöãú} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 91] . Ãóíú ÐóåóÈó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãõÓúÑöÚðÇ ãõÓúÊóÎúÝöíðÇ(1/334)
ÝóæóÌóÏóåóÇ Ýöí Èóåúæò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóÞóÏú æóÖóÚõæÇ Èóíúäó ÃóíúÏöíóåóÇ ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóØúÚöãóÉö ÞõÑúÈóÇäðÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóåóßøõãö æóÇáöÇÒúÏöÑóÇÁö: {ÃóáóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæäó - ãóÇ áóßõãú áóÇ ÊóäúØöÞõæäó - ÝóÑóÇÛó Úóáóíúåöãú ÖóÑúÈðÇ ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 91 - 93] º áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÞúæóì æóÃóÈúØóÔõ æóÃóÓúÑóÚõ æóÃóÞúåóÑõ¡ ÝóßóÓøóÑóåóÇ ÈöÞóÏõæãò Ýöí íóÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÌóÚóáóåõãú ÌõÐóÇÐðÇ} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 58] Ãóíú ÍõØóÇãðÇ ßóÓøóÑóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ {ÅöáøóÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ áóåõãú áóÚóáøóåõãú Åöáóíúåö íóÑúÌöÚõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 58] . Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ æóÖóÚó ÇáúÞóÏõæãó Ýöí íóÏö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÛóÇÑó Ãóäú ÊõÚúÈóÏó ãóÚóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ ãöäú ÚöíÏöåöãú¡ æóæóÌóÏõæÇ ãóÇ Íóáøó ÈöãóÚúÈõæÏöåöãú {ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóäú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÂáöåóÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõ áóãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 59] .
æóåóÐóÇ Ýöíåö Ïóáöíáñ ÙóÇåöÑñ áóåõãú áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÞöáõæäó¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ Íóáøó ÈöÂáöåóÊöåöãõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäóåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÂáöåóÉð áóÏóÝóÚóÊú Úóäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåóÇ ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏóåóÇ ÈöÓõæÁò áóßöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ãöäú Ìóåúáöåöãú¡ æóÞöáøóÉö ÚóÞúáöåöãú¡ æóßóËúÑóÉö ÖóáóÇáöåöãú¡ æóÎóÈóÇáöåöãú: {ãóäú ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ÈöÂáöåóÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõ áóãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇ ÝóÊðì íóÐúßõÑõåõãú íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 59] . Ãóíú íóÐúßõÑõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóíúÈö¡ æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö áóåóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÒúÏöÑóÇÁö ÈöåóÇ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÞöíãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúßóÇÓöÑõ áóåóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóíú íóÐúßõÑõåõãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÊóÇááøóåö áóÃóßöíÏóäøó ÃóÕúäóÇãóßõãú ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊõæóáøõæÇ ãõÏúÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 57] . {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÝóÃúÊõæÇ Èöåö Úóáóì ÃóÚúíõäö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÔúåóÏõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 61] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÇáúãóáóÃö ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÃóÔúåóÇÏö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÔúåóÏõæäó ãóÞóÇáóÊóåõ¡ æóíóÓúãóÚõæäó ßóáóÇãóåõ¡ æóíõÚóÇíöäõæäó ãóÇ íóÍöáøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÕö ãöäúåõ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÃóßúÈóÑó ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ßõáøõåõãú ÝóíõÞöíãó Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÚõÈøóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÝöÑúÚóæúäó: {ãóæúÚöÏõßõãú íóæúãõ ÇáÒøöíäóÉö æóÃóäú íõÍúÔóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÖõÍðì} [Øå: 59] .(1/335)
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ æóÌóÇÁõæÇ Èöåö. ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ: {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÃóäúÊó ÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÈöÂáöåóÊöäóÇ íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÝóÚóáóåõ ßóÈöíÑõåõãú åóÐóÇ} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 62] . Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ åõæó ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ áöí Úóáóì ÊóßúÓöíÑöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóÑøóÖó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö {ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæåõãú Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóäúØöÞõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 63] . æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö åóÐóÇ Ãóäú íõÈóÇÏöÑõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö áóÇ ÊóäúØöÞõ ÝóíóÚúÊóÑöÝõæÇ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóãóÇÏñ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÏóÇÊö {ÝóÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 64] . Ãóíú ÝóÚóÇÏõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÈöÇáúãóáóÇãóÉö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: {Åöäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 64] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÊóÑúßöåóÇ áóÇ ÍóÇÝöÙó áóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÇÑöÓó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ {Ëõãøó äõßöÓõæÇ Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓöåöãú} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 65] . ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: Ãóíú Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ: {Åöäøóßõãú ÃóäúÊõãõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 64] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ ÃóÏúÑóßóÊö ÇáúÞóæúãó ÍóíúÑóÉõ ÓóæúÁò Ãóíú ÝóÃóØúÑóÞõæÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáõæÇ: {áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó ãóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö íóäúØöÞõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 65] . Ãóíú áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö áóÇ ÊóäúØöÞõ ÝóßóíúÝó ÊóÃúãõÑõäóÇ ÈöÓõÄóÇáöåóÇ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó áóåõãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {ÃóÝóÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõßõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ æóáóÇ íóÖõÑøõßõãú ÃõÝøò áóßõãú æóáöãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 66] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ Åöáóíúåö íóÒöÝøõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 94] . ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: íõÓúÑöÚõæäó. {ÞóÇáó ÃóÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãóÇ ÊóäúÍöÊõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 95] . Ãóíú ßóíúÝó ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÃóÕúäóÇãðÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóäúÍöÊõæäóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÔóÈö æóÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÊõÕóæøöÑõæäóåóÇ æóÊõÔóßøöáõæäóåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõæäó {æóÇááøóåõ ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 96] ¿ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÇ ãóÕúÏóÑöíøóÉð Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí ÝóãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ãóäøóßõãú ãóÎúáõæÞõæäó æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÚúÈõÏõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ ãöËúáóåõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÚöÈóÇÏóÊõßõãú(1/336)
áóåóÇ ÈöÃóæúáóì ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåóÇ áóßõãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÝóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÈóÇØöáñ áöáÊøóÍóßøõãöº ÅöÐú áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ ÊóÕúáõÍõ æóáóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáúÎóÇáöÞö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ. {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÇÈúäõæÇ áóåõ ÈõäúíóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóáúÞõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÍöíãö ÝóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ßóíúÏðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóÓúÝóáöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 97] . ÚóÏóáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌöÏóÇáö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö áóãøóÇ ÇäúÞóØóÚõæÇ æóÛõáöÈõæÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊóÈúÞó áóåõãú ÍóÌøóÉñ æóáóÇ ÔõÈúåóÉñ¡ Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÞõæøóÊöåöãú æóÓõáúØóÇäöåöãú¡ áöíóäúÕõÑõæÇ ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÓóÝóåöåöãú æóØõÛúíóÇäöåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇÏóåõãõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ Ìóáøó ÌóáóÇáõåõ¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ßóáöãóÊóåõ æóÏöíäóåõ æóÈõÑúåóÇäóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÑøöÞõæåõ æóÇäúÕõÑõæÇ ÂáöåóÊóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó ÞõáúäóÇ íóÇäóÇÑõ ßõæäöí ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóÓóáóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ßóíúÏðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÓóÑöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 68] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõãú ÔóÑóÚõæÇ íóÌúãóÚõæäó ÍóØóÈðÇ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ íõãúßöäõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö¡ ÝóãóßóËõæÇ ãõÏøóÉð íóÌúãóÚõæäó áóåõ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑöÖóÊú ÊóäúÐöÑõ áóÆöäú ÚõæÝöíóÊú áóÊóÍúãöáóäøó ÍóØóÈðÇ áöÍóÑöíÞö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Ëõãøó ÚóãóÏõæÇ Åöáóì ÌóæúÈóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò ÝóæóÖóÚõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúÍóØóÈó¡ æóÃóØúáóÞõæÇ Ýöíåö ÇáäøóÇÑó ÝóÇÖúØóÑóãóÊú æóÊóÃóÌøóÌóÊú æóÇáúÊóåóÈóÊú¡ æóÚóáóÇåóÇ ÔóÑóÑñ áóãú íõÑó ãöËúáõåõ ÞóØøõ¡ Ëõãøó æóÖóÚõæÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ßöÝøóÉö ãóäúÌóäöíÞò ÕóäóÚóåõ áóåõãú ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóßúÑóÇÏö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ åöíÒóäõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÕóäóÚó ÇáúãóÌóÇäöíÞó ÝóÎóÓóÝó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýóåõæó íóÊóÌóáúÌóáõ ÝöíåóÇ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐõæÇ íõÞóíøöÏõæäóåõ æóíõßóÊøöÝõæäóåõ¡ æóåõæó íóÞõæáõ: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó¡ áóßó ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóáóßó Çáúãõáúßõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóßó. ÝóáóãøóÇ æõÖöÚó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ßöÝøóÉö ÇáúãóäúÌóäöíÞö ãõÞóíøóÏðÇ ãóßúÊõæÝðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóáúÞóæúåõ(1/337)
ãöäúåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö ÞóÇáó: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ¡ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ. ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ. ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Íöíäó ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÇáóåóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏñ Íöíäó Þöíáó áóåõ: {Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÏú ÌóãóÚõæÇ áóßõãú ÝóÇÎúÔóæúåõãú ÝóÒóÇÏóåõãú ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÍóÓúÈõäóÇ Çááøóåõ æóäöÚúãó Çáúæóßöíáõ ÝóÇäúÞóáóÈõæÇ ÈöäöÚúãóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÝóÖúáò áóãú íóãúÓóÓúåõãú ÓõæÁñ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 173]
[Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó: 173 - 174] . ÇáúÂíóÉó.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ åöÔóÇãò ÇáÑøöÝóÇÚöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÌóÚúÝóÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáäøóÌõæÏö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóãøóÇ ÃõáúÞöíó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ÞóÇáó: Çááøóåõãøó Åöäøóßó Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÃóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÍöÏñ ÃóÚúÈõÏõßó» .
æóÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö Ãóäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÚóÑóÖó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóáóßó ÍóÇÌóÉñ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÝóáóÇ. æóíõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÌóÚóáó ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóØóÑö íóÞõæáõ: ãóÊóì ÃõæãóÑõ ÝóÃõÑúÓöáó ÇáúãóØóÑó¿ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö ÃóÓúÑóÚó {ÞõáúäóÇ íóÇ äóÇÑõ ßõæäöí ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóÓóáóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 69] . ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøöíåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö: áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó: {æóÓóáóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 69] áóÃóÐóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈóÑúÏõåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö: áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóæúãóÆöÐò ÈöäóÇÑò¡ æóáóãú íõÍúÑóÞú ãöäúåõ Óöæóì æóËóÇÞöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ: íõÑúæóì Ãóäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ íóãúÓóÍõ ÇáúÚóÑóÞó Úóäú æóÌúåöåö áóãú íõÕöÈúåõ ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ÛóíúÑõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ßóÇäó ãóÚóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóáóßõ ÇáÙøöáøö. æóÕóÇÑó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ(1/338)
Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ãöËúáö ÇáúÌõæäóÉö Íóæúáóåõ ÇáäøóÇÑõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÑóæúÖóÉò ÎóÖúÑóÇÁó¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóäúÙõÑõæäó Åöáóíúåö áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ åõæó íóÎúÑõÌõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÚóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÍúÓóäõ ßóáöãóÉò ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì æóáóÏóåõ Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáö: äöÚúãó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÑóÈøõßó íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ.
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó: Ãóäøó Ãõãøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó äóÙóÑóÊú Åöáóì ÇÈúäöåóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóäóÇÏóÊúåõ: íóÇ Èõäóíøó Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÌöíÁó Åöáóíúßó¡ ÝóÇÏúÚõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íõäóÌøöíóäöí ãöäú ÍóÑøö ÇáäøóÇÑö Íóæúáóßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÝóÃóÞúÈóáóÊú Åöáóíúåö áóÇ íóãóÓøõåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÑøö ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÕóáóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇÚúÊóäóÞóÊúåõ¡ æóÞóÈøóáóÊúåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÇÏóÊú. æóÚóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃõÎúÈöÑúÊõ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãóßóËó åõäóÇßó ÅöãøóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÎóãúÓöíäó íóæúãðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóíøóÇãðÇ æóáóíóÇáöíó ÃóØúíóÈó ÚóíúÔðÇ ÅöÐú ßõäúÊõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóæóÏöÏúÊõ Ãóäøó ÚóíúÔöí æóÍóíóÇÊöí ßõáøóåóÇ ãöËúáõ ÅöÐú ßõäúÊõ ÝöíåóÇ. ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö.
ÝóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóäúÊóÕöÑõæÇ ÝóÎõÐöáõæÇ¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÑúÊóÝöÚõæÇ ÝóÇÊøóÖóÚõæÇ¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íóÛúáöÈõæÇ ÝóÛõáöÈõæÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ßóíúÏðÇ ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÓóÑöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 70] . æóÝöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: ÇáúÃóÓúÝóáöíäó ÝóÝóÇÒõæÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÓóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÓøóÝóÇáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÝóÅöäøó äóÇÑóåõãú áóÇ Êóßõæäõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈóÑúÏðÇ æóáóÇ ÓóáóÇãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõáóÞøóæúäó ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÍöíøóÉð æóáóÇ ÓóáóÇãðÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóÇÁóÊú ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøðÇ æóãõÞóÇãðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 66] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãõæÓóì Ãóæö ÇÈúäõ ÓóáøóÇãò Úóäúåõ¡(1/339)
ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ Úóäú Ãõãøö ÔóÑöíßò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúæóÒóÛö. æóÞóÇáó «ßóÇäó íóäúÝõÎõ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈóßúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃõãóíøóÉó Ãóäøó äóÇÝöÚðÇ ãóæúáóì ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÇáúæóÒóÛó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóäúÝõÎõ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÇÑó» . ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÊóÞúÊõáõåõäøó. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ¡ Úóäú äóÇÝöÚò Ãóäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÏóÎóáóÊú Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑõãúÍñ ãóäúÕõæÈñ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøõãúÍõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: äóÞúÊõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÛó¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÏøóËóÊú Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóãøóÇ ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ÌóÚóáóÊö ÇáÏøóæóÇÈøõ ßõáøõåóÇ ÊõØúÝöÆõ Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúæóÒóÛó ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó íóäúÝõÎõåóÇ Úóáóíúåö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú åóÐóíúäö ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÝøóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ äóÇÝöÚñ ÍóÏøóËóÊúäöí ÓóÇÆöÈóÉõ ãóæúáóÇÉõ ÇáúÝóÇßöåö Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö ÞóÇáóÊú ÏóÎóáúÊõ Úóáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó(1/340)
ÝóÑóÃóíúÊõ Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåóÇ ÑõãúÍðÇ ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ Ãõãøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóÇ ÊóÕúäóÚöíäó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÑøõãúÍö¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: åóÐóÇ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÛö äóÞúÊõáõåõäøó Èöåö ÝóÅöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ «Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Íöíäó ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö áóãú Êóßõäú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÏóÇÈøóÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÊõØúÝöÆõ Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúæóÒóÛö ßóÇäó íóäúÝõÎõ Úóáóíúåö» . ÝóÃóãóÑóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÞóÊúáöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ Úóäú ÌóÑöíÑö Èúäö ÍóÇÒöãò Èöåö.(1/341)
[ÐößúÑõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö ãóÚó ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉó]
ÐößúÑõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö ãóÚó ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íõäóÇÒöÚó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó ÇáúÌóáöíáó Ýöí ÅöÒóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÙóãóÉö æóÑöÏóÇÁö ÇáúßöÈúÑöíóÇÁö ÝóÇÏøóÚóì ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉó æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö ÇáÖøõÚóÝóÇÁö
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó Åöáóì ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÇÌøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ýöí ÑóÈøöåö Ãóäú ÂÊóÇåõ Çááøóåõ Çáúãõáúßó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÑóÈøöíó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúíöí æóíõãöíÊõ ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÃõÍúíöí æóÃõãöíÊõ ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúÊöí ÈöÇáÔøóãúÓö ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ÝóÃúÊö ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö ÝóÈõåöÊó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÝóÑó æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóåúÏöí ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] . [ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 258] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉó Îóáöíáöåö ãóÚó åóÐóÇ Çáúãóáößö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóãóÑøöÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚóì áöäóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö ÝóÃóÈúØóáó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ïóáöíáóåõ¡ æóÈóíøóäó ßóËúÑóÉó Ìóåúáöåö æóÞöáøóÉó ÚóÞúáöåö¡ æóÃóáúÌóãóåõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó æóÃóæúÖóÍó áóåõ ØóÑöíÞó ÇáúãóÍóÌøóÉö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó æóÛóíúÑõåõãú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáäøóÓóÈö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö: æóåóÐóÇ Çáúãóáößõ åõæó ãóáößõ ÈóÇÈöáó¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏõ Èúäõ ßóäúÚóÇäó Èúäö ßõæÔö Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÌóÇåöÏñ. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: äõãúÑõæÏõ Èúäõ ÝóÇáöÍö Èúäö ÚóÇÈóÑó Èúäö ÕóÇáöÍö Èúäö ÃóÑúÝóÎúÔóÏó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò. ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: æóßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏó ãõáõæßö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.(1/342)
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóáóßó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ãõÄúãöäóÇäö æóßóÇÝöÑóÇäö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÄúãöäóÇäöº Ðõæ ÇáúÞóÑúäóíúäö æóÓõáóíúãóÇäõ. æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑóÇäöº ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏõ æÈõÎúÊõäóÕøóÑó¡ æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøó äõãúÑõæÏðÇ åóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Ýöí ãõáúßöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ØóÛóÇ æóÈóÛóÇ æóÊóÌóÈøóÑó æóÚóÊóÇ¡ æóÂËóÑó ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ Íóãóáóåõ ÇáúÌóåúáõ æóÇáÖøóáóÇáõ æóØõæáõ ÇáúÅöãúåóÇáö Úóáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö¡ ÝóÍóÇÌøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÇÏøóÚóì áöäóÝúÓöåö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ: {ÑóÈøöíó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúíöí æóíõãöíÊõ ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÃõÍúíöí æóÃõãöíÊõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] .
ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: íóÚúäöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃõÊöíó ÈöÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö ÞóÏú ÊóÍóÊøóãó ÞóÊúáõåõãóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ æóÚóÝóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÃóÍúíóÇ åóÐóÇ æóÃóãóÇÊó ÇáúÂÎóÑó¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉò áöáúÎóáöíáö¡ Èóáú åõæó ßóáóÇãñ ÎóÇÑöÌöíøñ Úóäú ãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö áóíúÓó ÈöãóäúÚò æóáóÇ ÈöãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÊóÔúÛöíÈñ ãóÍúÖñ¡ æóåõæó ÇäúÞöØóÇÚñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóáöíáó ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö ÈöÍõÏõæËö åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÇÊöº ãöäú ÅöÍúíóÇÁö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö¡ æóãóæúÊöåóÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÝóÇÚöáö Ðóáößó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäö ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏöåóÇ Åöáóì æõÌõæÏöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉð¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÞöíóÇãöåóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÝóÇÚöáò áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉöº ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÓúÎöíÑöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÓúíöíÑö åóÐöåö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö¡ æóÇáÑøöíóÇÍö¡ æóÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúãóØóÑö¡ æóÎóáúÞö åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÌóÏõ ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÅöãóÇÊóÊöåóÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ {ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÑóÈøöíó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúíöí æóíõãöíÊõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] . ÝóÞóæúáõ(1/343)
åóÐóÇ Çáúãóáößö ÇáúÌóÇåöáö: {ÃóäóÇ ÃõÍúíöí æóÃõãöíÊõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] . Åöäú Úóäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÇÊö ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇÈóÑó æóÚóÇäóÏó¡ æóÅöäú Úóäóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ýóáóãú íóÞõáú ÔóíúÆðÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈößóáóÇãö ÇáúÎóáöíáöº ÅöÐú áóãú íóãúäóÚú ãõÞóÏøöãóÉð æóáóÇ ÚóÇÑóÖó ÇáÏøóáöíáó¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇäúÞöØóÇÚõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö åóÐóÇ Çáúãóáößö ÞóÏú ÊóÎúÝóì Úóáóì ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöãøóäú ÍóÖóÑóåõ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÐóßóÑó ÏóáöíáðÇ ÂÎóÑó Èóíøóäó æõÌõæÏó ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö æóÈõØúáóÇäó ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏõ¡ æóÇäúÞöØóÇÚóåõ ÌóåúÑóÉð {ÞóÇáó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúÊöí ÈöÇáÔøóãúÓö ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ÝóÃúÊö ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] . Ãóíú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ãõÓóÎøóÑóÉñ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÊóØúáõÚõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö ßóãóÇ ÓóÎøóÑóåóÇ ÎóÇáöÞõåóÇ æóãõÓóíøöÑõåóÇ æóÞóÇåöÑõåóÇ¡ æóåõæó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãúÊó ãöäú Ãóäøóßó ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÍúíöí æóÊõãöíÊõ¡ ÝóÃúÊö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ãöäó ÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íõÍúíöí æóíõãöíÊõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ æóáóÇ íõÛóÇáóÈõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÏú ÞóåóÑó ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÏóÇäó áóåõ ßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ßóãóÇ ÊóÒúÚõãõ ÝóÇÝúÚóáú åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáúåõ ÝóáóÓúÊó ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãúÊó¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÚúáóãõ æóßõáøõ ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäøóßó áóÇ ÊóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäú åóÐóÇ¡ Èóáú ÃóäúÊó ÃóÚúÌóÒõ æóÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú Ãóäú ÊóÎúáõÞó ÈóÚõæÖóÉð Ãóæú ÊóäúÊóÕöÑó ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÈóíøóäó ÖóáóÇáóåõ æóÌóåúáóåõ¡ æóßóÐöÈóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ æóÈõØúáóÇäó ãóÇ Óóáóßóåõ æóÊóÈóÌøóÍó Èöåö ÚöäúÏó ÌóåóáóÉö Þóæúãöåö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áóåõ ßóáóÇãñ íõÌöíÈõ ÇáúÎóáöíáó Èöåö¡ Èóáö ÇäúÞóØóÚó æóÓóßóÊóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÈõåöÊó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÝóÑó æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóåúÏöí ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 258] .
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉó ßóÇäóÊú Èóíúäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÈóíúäó ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏö íóæúãó ÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ íóæúãóÆöÐò ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉõ¡(1/344)
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó Ãóäøó ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏó ßóÇäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ØóÚóÇãñ¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÓõ íóÝöÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö áöáúãöíÑóÉö ÝóæóÝóÏó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö ãóäú æóÝóÏó áöáúãöíÑóÉö ÝóßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉõ¡ æóáóãú íõÚúØó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ßóãóÇ ÃõÚúØöíó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ Èóáú ÎóÑóÌó æóáóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÑõÈó ãöäú Ãóåúáöåö ÚóãóÏó Åöáóì ßóËöíÈò ãöäó ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö ÝóãóáóÃó ãöäúåõ ÚöÏúáóíúåö. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÔúÛóáõ Ãóåúáöí ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏöãúÊõ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó æóÖóÚó ÑöÍóÇáóåõ æóÌóÇÁó ÝóÇÊøóßóÃó ÝóäóÇãó¡ ÝóÞóÇãóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÓóÇÑóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÏúáóíúäö ÝóæóÌóÏóÊúåõãóÇ ãóáúÂäóíúäö ØóÚóÇãðÇ ØóíøöÈðÇ ÝóÚóãöáóÊú ãöäúåõ ØóÚóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóÌóÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÃóÕúáóÍõæåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóäøóì áóßõãú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáóÊú: ãöäó ÇáøóÐöí ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö. ÝóÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÑöÒúÞñ ÑóÒóÞóåõãõæåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÞóÇáó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÓúáóãó: æóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó Çáúãóáößö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ãóáóßðÇ íóÃúãõÑõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÇááøóåö ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇåõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉó ÝóÃóÈóì Úóáóíúåö. æóÞóÇáó: ÇÌúãóÚú ÌõãõæÚóßó æóÃóÌúãóÚõ ÌõãõæÚöí. ÝóÌóãóÚó ÇáäøõãúÑõæÏõ ÌóíúÔóåõ æóÌõäõæÏóåõ æóÞúÊó ØõáõæÚö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÐõÈóÇÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚõæÖö ÈöÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÑóæúÇ Úóíúäó ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ æóÓóáøóØóåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÃóßóáóÊú áõÍõæãóåõãú æóÏöãóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÊóÑóßóÊúåõãú ÚöÙóÇãðÇ ÈóÇáöíóÉð¡ æóÏóÎóáóÊú æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ Ýöí ãóäúÎóÑóíö Çáúãóáößö¡ ÝóãóßóËóÊú Ýöí ãóäúÎóÑóíúåö ÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò ÚóÐøóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöåóÇ ÝóßóÇäó íóÖúÑöÈõ ÑóÃúÓóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÑóÇÒöÈö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ßõáøöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì Ãóåúáóßóåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/345)
[ÐößúÑõ åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÔøóÇãö æóÏõÎõæáöåö ÇáÏøöíóÇÑó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉó]
ó æóÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓóÉö
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÂãóäó áóåõ áõæØñ æóÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ãõåóÇÌöÑñ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÂÊóíúäóÇåõ ÃóÌúÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 26] {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó äóÇÝöáóÉð æóßõáøðÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍöíäó - æóÌóÚóáúäóÇåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð íóåúÏõæäó ÈöÃóãúÑöäóÇ æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÎóíúÑóÇÊö æóÅöÞóÇãó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÅöíÊóÇÁó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóßóÇäõæÇ áóäóÇ ÚóÇÈöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 72 - 73]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 71 - 73] . áóãøóÇ åóÌóÑó Þóæúãóåõ Ýöí Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÇÌóÑó ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóÙúåõÑöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÚóÇÞöÑðÇ áóÇ íõæáóÏõ áóåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóáóÏö ÃóÍóÏñ¡ Èóáú ãóÚóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÎöíåö áõæØõ Èúäõ åóÇÑóÇäó Èúäö ÂÒóÑó æóåóÈóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó¡ æóÌóÚóáó Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ Ýóßõáøõ äóÈöíøò ÈõÚöËó ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýóåõæó ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ßöÊóÇÈò äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Úóáóì äóÈöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ÝóÚóáóì ÃóÍóÏö äóÓúáöåö æóÚóÞöÈöåö ÎöáúÚóÉð ãöäó Çááøóåö æóßóÑóÇãóÉð áóåõ Íöíäó ÊóÑóßó ÈöáóÇÏóåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ æóÃóÞúÑöÈóÇÁóåõ¡ æóåóÇÌóÑó Åöáóì ÈóáóÏò íóÊóãóßøóäõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÑóÈøöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó æóÏóÚúæóÉö ÇáúÎóáúÞö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÕóÏóåóÇ ÈöÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö ÃóÑúÖõ ÇáÔøóÇãö¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 71] . ÞóÇáóåõ ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö¡(1/346)
æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú.
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Þóæúáóåõ: {Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 71] . ãóßøóÉó Ãóáóãú ÊóÓúãóÚú Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÈóíúÊò æõÖöÚó áöáäøóÇÓö áóáøóÐöí ÈöÈóßøóÉó ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ æóåõÏðì áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 96] . æóÒóÚóãó ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóÑøóÇäõ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Úóäú äóÞúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÈóÇÈöáó åõæó æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÎöíåö áõæØñ¡ æóÃóÎõæåõ äóÇÍõæÑõ¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÓóÇÑóÉõ¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÃóÎöíåö ãóáúßóÇ¡ ÝóäóÒóáõæÇ ÍóÑøóÇäó ÝóãóÇÊó ÊóÇÑóÎõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöåóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÇäúØóáóÞó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóáõæØñ ÞöÈóáó ÇáÔøóÇãö ÝóáóÞöíó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÓóÇÑóÉó¡ æóåöíó ÇÈúäóÉõ ãóáößö ÍóÑøóÇäó¡ æóÞóÏú ØóÚóäóÊú Úóáóì ÞóæúãöåóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú ÝóÊóÒóæøóÌóåóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íõÛóíøöÑóåóÇ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóåõæó ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇÈúäóÉõ Úóãøöåö åóÇÑóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÊõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÍóÑøóÇäõ¡ æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÃóÎöíåö åóÇÑóÇäó ÃõÎúÊõ áõæØò¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÞõÊóÈöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÞøóÇÔö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáäøõÌúÚóÉó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈöáóÇ Úöáúãò¡ æóÇÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÊóÒúæöíÌó ÈöäúÊö ÇáúÃóÎö ßóÇäó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ïóáöíáñ. æóáóæú ÝõÑöÖó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊò¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÈøóÇäöíøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó áóÇ ÊóÊóÚóÇØóÇåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. Ëõãøó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ åóÇÌóÑó ãöäú ÈóÇÈöáó ÎóÑóÌó ÈöÓóÇÑóÉó ãõåóÇÌöÑðÇ ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÐóßóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ÇáÔøóÇãó ÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáñ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó áöÎóáóÝößó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏößó ÝóÇÈúÊóäóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ãóÐúÈóÍðÇ áöáøóåö ÔõßúÑðÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉö¡ æóÖóÑóÈó ÞõÈøóÊóåõ ÔóÑúÞöíøó ÈóíúÊö(1/347)
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æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉõ Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇÎúÊóÊóäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÈöÇáúÞóÏõæãö» . ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ æóÊóÇÈóÚóåõ ÚóÌúáóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóÑóæóÇåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ Úóäú ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó Èöåö. æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö «ÇÎúÊóÊóäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÃóÊóÊú Úóáóíúåö ËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð æóÇÎúÊóÊóäó ÈöÇáúÞóÏõæãö» . æóÇáúÞóÏõæãõ åõæó ÇáúÂáóÉõ.(1/361)
æóÞöíáó: ãóæúÖöÚñ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ áóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó Úóáóì ÇáËøóãóÇäöíäó æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ áöãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÇÎúÊóÊóäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ãöÇÆóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ÐößúÑõ ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÞóÏóãóÇÊö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÅöáøóÇ ËóáóÇËó ãóÑøóÇÊò¡ ÃõæáóÇåõäøó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ÊóÒóæøóÌó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö åóÇÌóÑó¡ æóßóíúÝó íóÊúÑõßõåõãú ãöäú Íöíäö ÕöÛóÑö ÇáúæóáóÏö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Åöáóì Íöíäö ÊóÒúæöíÌöåö áóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÍóÇáöåöãú¿ æóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ßóÇäóÊú ÊõØúæóì áóåõ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑúßóÈõ ÇáúÈõÑóÇÞó ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÇÑó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÊóÎóáøóÝõ Úóäú ãõØóÇáóÚóÉö ÍóÇáöåöãú¡ æóåõãú Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉö æóÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÇáúÃóßöíÏóÉö¿ æóßóÃóäøó ÈóÚúÖó åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö ãõÊóáóÞøðì ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóãõØóÑøóÒñ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúãóÑúÝõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóáóãú íõÐúßóÑú Ýöíåö ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö¡ æóÞóÏú ÏóáøóáúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó åõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö.(1/362)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÐóÇåöÈñ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöí ÓóíóåúÏöíäö ÑóÈøö åóÈú áöí ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÛõáóÇãò Íóáöíãò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøóÚúíó ÞóÇáó íóÇÈõäóíøó Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö Ãóäøöí ÃóÐúÈóÍõßó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÑóì ÞóÇáó íóÇÃóÈóÊö ÇÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÊõÄúãóÑõ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãóÇ æóÊóáøóåõ áöáúÌóÈöíäö æóäóÇÏóíúäóÇåõ Ãóäú íóÇÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÏú ÕóÏøóÞúÊó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóåõæó ÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÈöíäõ æóÝóÏóíúäóÇåõ ÈöÐöÈúÍò ÚóÙöíãò æóÊóÑóßúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑöíäó ÓóáóÇãñ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó äóÈöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåöãóÇ ãõÍúÓöäñ æóÙóÇáöãñ áöäóÝúÓöåö ãõÈöíäñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 99] Ãóíú ÔóÈøó æóÕóÇÑó íóÓúÚóì Ýöí ãóÕóÇáöÍöåö ßóÃóÈöíåö. ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøóÚúíó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 102] Ãóíú ÔóÈøó æóÇÑúÊóÍóáó¡ æóÃóØóÇÞó ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÃóÈõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚúíö æóÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÃõÑöíó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö Ãóäøóåõ íõÄúãóÑõ ÈöÐóÈúÍö æóáóÏöåö åóÐóÇ.
æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «. ÑõÄúíóÇ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÍúíñ» . ÞóÇáóåõ(1/363)
ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑò ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó áöÎóáöíáöåö Ýöí Ãóäú íóÐúÈóÍó åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóáóÏó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÇÁóåõ Úóáóì ßöÈóÑò¡ æóÞóÏú ØóÚóäó Ýöí ÇáÓøöäøö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈöÃóäú íõÓúßöäóåõ åõæó æóÃõãøóåõ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏò ÞóÝúÑò¡ æóæóÇÏò áóíúÓó Èöåö ÍóÓöíÓñ æóáóÇ ÃóäöíÓñ æóáóÇ ÒóÑúÚñ æóáóÇ ÖóÑúÚñ¡ ÝóÇãúÊóËóáó ÃóãúÑó Çááøóåö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÊóÑóßóåõãóÇ åõäóÇßó ËöÞóÉð ÈöÇááøóåö æóÊóæóßøõáðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ áóåõãóÇ ÝóÑóÌðÇ æóãóÎúÑóÌðÇ¡ æóÑóÒóÞóåõãóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÓöÈóÇäö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÃõãöÑó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö ÈöÐóÈúÍö æóáóÏöåö åóÐóÇ¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏú ÃóÝúÑóÏóåõ Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóåõæó ÈößúÑõåõ æóæóÍöíÏõåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó áóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóÌóÇÈó ÑóÈøóåõ æóÇãúÊóËóáó ÃóãúÑóåõ æóÓóÇÑóÚó Åöáóì ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖó Ðóáößó Úóáóì æóáóÏöåöº áöíóßõæäó ÃóØúíóÈó áöÞóáúÈöåö æóÃóåúæóäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐóåõ ÞóÓúÑðÇ æóíóÐúÈóÍóåõ ÞóåúÑðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ Èõäóíøó Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö Ãóäøöí ÃóÐúÈóÍõßó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÑóì} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 102] . ÝóÈóÇÏóÑó ÇáúÛõáóÇãõ ÇáúÍóáöíãõ íóÈóÑøõ æóÇáöÏóåõ ÇáúÎóáöíáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÊõÄúãóÑõ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 102] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÓøóÏóÇÏö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áöáúæóÇáöÏö æóáöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÓúáóãóÇ æóÊóáøóåõ áöáúÌóÈöíäö} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 103] . Þöíáó: ÃóÓúáóãóÇ Ãóíö ÇÓúÊóÓúáóãóÇ áöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö æóÚóÒóãóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóÞöíáó: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãö æóÇáúãõÄóÎøóÑö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Êóáøóåõ áöáúÌóÈöíäö Ãóíú ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö. Þöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÐúÈóÍóåõ ãöäú ÞóÝóÇåõ áöÆóáøóÇ íõÔóÇåöÏóåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÐóÈúÍöåö. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú ÃóÖúÌóÚóåõ ßóãóÇ ÊõÖúÌóÚõ ÇáÐøóÈóÇÆöÍõ¡ æóÈóÞöíó ØóÑóÝõ ÌóÈöíäöåö áóÇÕöÞðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÃóÓúáóãóÇ Ãóíú Óóãøóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ æóßóÈøóÑó æóÊóÔóåøóÏó æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúæóáóÏó áöáúãóæúÊö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: ÃóãóÑøó ÇáÓøößøöíäó Úóáóì ÍóáúÞöåö Ýóáóãú(1/364)
ÊóÞúØóÚú ÔóíúÆðÇ. æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÌõÚöáó ÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÍóáúÞöåö ÕóÝöíÍóÉñ ãöäú äõÍóÇÓò. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó äõæÏöíó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: {Ãóäú íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÞóÏú ÕóÏøóÞúÊó ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 104] . Ãóíú ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäö ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑößö æóØóÇÚóÊößó æóãõÈóÇÏóÑóÊößó Åöáóì ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøößó æóÈóÐúáößó æóáóÏóßó áöáúÞõÑúÈóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóãóÍúÊó ÈöÈóÏóäößó áöáäøöíÑóÇäö¡ æóßóãóÇ ãóÇáõßó ãóÈúÐõæáñ áöáÖøöíÝóÇäöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóåõæó ÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÈöíäõ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 106] . Ãóíö ÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÈóíøöäõ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÝóÏóíúäóÇåõ ÈöÐöÈúÍò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 107] . Ãóíú æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÝöÏóÇÁó ÐóÈúÍö æóáóÏöåö ãóÇ íóÓøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöæóÖö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ Úóäö ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÈúÔñ ÃóÈúíóÖõ ÃóÚúíóäõ ÃóÞúÑóäõ ÑóÂåõ ãóÑúÈõæØðÇ ÈöÓóãõÑóÉò Ýöí ËóÈöíÑò. ÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ: Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÎõËóíúãò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ßóÈúÔñ ÞóÏú ÑóÚóì Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÎóÑöíÝðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò: ßóÇäó íóÑúÊóÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÔóÞøóÞó Úóäúåõ ËóÈöíÑñ¡ æóßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö Úöåúäñ ÃóÍúãóÑõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: åóÈóØó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ËóÈöíÑò ßóÈúÔñ ÃóÚúíóäõ ÃóÞúÑóäõ áóåõ ËõÛóÇÁñ ÝóÐóÈóÍóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúßóÈúÔõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÑøóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÂÏóãó ÝóÊõÞõÈøöáó ãöäúåõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò. ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ÝóÐóÈóÍóåõ Èöãöäðì. æóÞóÇáó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑò: ÐóÈóÍóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇãö. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÚúáðÇ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÊóíúÓðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúæóì æóÇÓúãõåõ ÌóÑöíÑñ ÝóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÕöÍøõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÇáöÈõ ãóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ßöÝóÇíóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÇåöÑö æóÃóäøóåõ ÝõÏöíó ÈöÐöÈúÍò ÚóÙöíãò.(1/365)
æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ßóÈúÔðÇ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóäúÕõæÑñ¡ Úóäú ÎóÇáöåö ãõÓóÇÝöÚò¡ Úóäú ÕóÝöíøóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÔóíúÈóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúäöí ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ãöäú Èóäöí Óõáóíúãò¡ æóáøóÏóÊú ÚóÇãøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÏóÇÑöäóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÑúÓóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ØóáúÍóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ãóÑøóÉð: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóÃóáóÊú ÚõËúãóÇäó áöãó ÏóÚóÇßó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÞóÑúäóíö ÇáúßóÈúÔö Íöíäó ÏóÎóáúÊõ ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÝóäóÓöíÊõ Ãóäú ÂãõÑóßó Ãóäú ÊõÎóãøöÑóåõãóÇ ÝóÎóãøöÑúåõãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÔóíúÁñ íóÔúÛóáõ ÇáúãõÕóáøöíó» . ÞóÇáó: ÓõÝúíóÇäõ áóãú ÊóÒóáú ÞóÑúäóÇ ÇáúßóÈúÔö Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÍóÊøóì ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÞö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóÇÍúÊóÑóÞóÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÑóÃúÓó ÇáúßóÈúÔö áóãú íóÒóáú ãõÚóáøóÞðÇ ÚöäúÏó ãöíÒóÇÈö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÞóÏú íóÈöÓó¡ æóåóÐóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõº áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÞöíãó ÈöãóßøóÉó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏöãóåóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÕöÛóÑöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Èóáú ßóÃóäøóåõ äóÕøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó åõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõº áöÃóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÞöÕøóÉó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ: {æóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó äóÈöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 112] . æóãóäú ÌóÚóáóåõ ÍóÇáðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóÝó¡ æóãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊõ¡ æóßöÊóÇÈõåõãú Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ áóÇ ãóÍöíÏó Úóäúåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ãóäú íóÐúÈóÍó ÇÈúäóåõ æóÍöíÏóåõ æóÝöí äõÓúÎóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÈóÉö: ÈößúÑóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝóáóÝúÙóÉõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó åóÇåõäóÇ ãõÞúÍóãóÉñ ãóßúÐõæÈóÉñ ãõÝúÊóÑóÇÉñº áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúæóÍöíÏó æóáóÇ ÇáúÈößúÑó æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúæóÍöíÏõ ÇáúÈößúÑõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Íóãóáóåõãú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÍóÓóÏõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÓúßõäõæäó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒó ÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäúåõãú ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÇáöÏõ íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóåõæó ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÊóÓöÈõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡(1/366)
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ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú íóÍúÓõÏõæäóßõãú ãóÚúÔóÑó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Úóáóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÈóÇßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö Ýöíåö æóÇáúÝóÖúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåõ áöÕóÈúÑöåö áöãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö¡ Ýóåõãú íóÌúÍóÏõæäó Ðóáößó æóíóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõº áöÃóäøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÃóÈõæåõãú. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ãõÓúÊóÞúÕóÇÉð ÈöÃóÏöáøóÊöåóÇ¡ æóÂËóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ.(1/370)
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó äóÈöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåöãóÇ ãõÍúÓöäñ æóÙóÇáöãñ áöäóÝúÓöåö ãõÈöíäñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 112] . æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÓóÇÑóÉó áóãøóÇ ãóÑøõæÇ Èöåöãú ãõÌúÊóÇÒöíäó ÐóÇåöÈöíäó Åöáóì ãóÏóÇÆöäö Þóæúãö áõæØò áöíõÏóãøöÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú áößõÝúÑöåöãú æóÝõÌõæÑöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúÈõÔúÑóì ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóáóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó ÓóáóÇãñ ÝóãóÇ áóÈöËó Ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÚöÌúáò ÍóäöíÐò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóíúÏöíóåõãú áóÇ ÊóÕöáõ Åöáóíúåö äóßöÑóåõãú æóÃóæúÌóÓó ãöäúåõãú ÎöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãö áõæØò æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ ÝóÖóÍößóÊú ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇæóíúáóÊóì ÃóÃóáöÏõ æóÃóäóÇ ÚóÌõæÒñ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúáöí ÔóíúÎðÇ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÔóíúÁñ ÚóÌöíÈñ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÚúÌóÈöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÈóÑóßóÇÊõåõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö Åöäøóåõ ÍóãöíÏñ ãóÌöíÏñ} [åæÏ: 69]
[ÇáÐøóÇÑöíóÇÊö: 24 - 30] .(1/371)
íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÞóÇáõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ ËóáóÇËóÉðº ÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó¡ áóãøóÇ æóÑóÏõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÍóÓöÈóåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ ÃóÖúíóÇÝðÇ ÝóÚóÇãóáóåõãú ãõÚóÇãóáóÉó ÇáÖøõíõæÝö Ôóæóì áóåõãú ÚöÌúáðÇ ÓóãöíäðÇ ãöäú ÎöíóÇÑö ÈóÞóÑöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÑøóÈóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú æóÚóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåöãú áóãú íóÑó áóåõãú åöãøóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÃóßúáö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÞõæøóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ÝóäóßöÑóåõãú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: {æóÃóæúÌóÓó ãöäúåõãú ÎöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãö áõæØò} [åæÏ: 70] . Ãóíú áöäõÏóãøöÑó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÇÓúÊóÈúÔóÑóÊú ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÓóÇÑóÉõ ÛóÖóÈðÇ áöáøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÇÆöãóÉð Úóáóì ÑõÁõæÓö ÇáúÃóÖúíóÇÝö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÖóÍößóÊö ÇÓúÊöÈúÔóÇÑðÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó} [åæÏ: 71] . Ãóíú ÈóÔøóÑóÊúåóÇ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÈöÐóáößó {ÝóÃóÞúÈóáóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ Ýöí ÕóÑøóÉò} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 29] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÕóÑúÎóÉò {ÝóÕóßøóÊú æóÌúåóåóÇ} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 29] Ãóíú ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóÚóÌøõÈö¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: {íóÇ æóíúáóÊóÇ ÃóÃóáöÏõ æóÃóäóÇ ÚóÌõæÒñ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúáöí ÔóíúÎðÇ} [åæÏ: 72] . Ãóíú ßóíúÝó íóáöÏõ ãöËúáöí æóÃóäóÇ ßóÈöíÑóÉñ æóÚóÞöíãñ ÃóíúÖðÇ {æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúáöí} [åæÏ: 72] Ãóíú ÒóæúÌöí ÔóíúÎðÇ¡ ÊóÚóÌøóÈóÊú ãöäú æõÌõæÏö æóáóÏò æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: {Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÔóíúÁñ ÚóÌöíÈñ - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÚúÌóÈöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÈóÑóßóÇÊõåõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö Åöäøóåõ ÍóãöíÏñ ãóÌöíÏñ} [åæÏ: 72 - 73] . æóßóÐóáößó ÊóÚóÌøóÈó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇÓúÊöÈúÔóÇÑðÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉö æóÊóËúÈöíÊðÇ áóåóÇ æóÝóÑóÍðÇ ÈöåóÇ(1/372)
{ÞóÇáó ÃóÈóÔøóÑúÊõãõæäöí Úóáóì Ãóäú ãóÓøóäöíó ÇáúßöÈóÑõ ÝóÈöãó ÊõÈóÔøöÑõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈóÔøóÑúäóÇßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóáóÇ Êóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇäöØöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 54] .(1/373)
ÃóßøóÏõæÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÑøóÑõæåõ ãóÚóåõ ÝóÈóÔøóÑõæåõãóÇ {ÈöÛõáóÇãò Úóáöíãò} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 53] æóåõæó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ æóÃóÎõæåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÛõáóÇãñ Íóáöíãñ ãõäóÇÓöÈñ áöãóÞóÇãöåö æóÕóÈúÑöåö. æóåóßóÐóÇ æóÕóÝóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÈöÕöÏúÞö ÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáÕøóÈúÑö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó} [åæÏ: 71] . æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó åõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÄúãóÑó ÈöÐóÈúÍöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö æóæõÌõæÏö æóáóÏöåö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÞöÈö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÍúÖóÑó ãóÚó ÇáúÚöÌúáö ÇáúÍóäöíÐö æóåõæó ÇáúãóÔúæöíøõ ÑóÛöíÝðÇ ãöäú ãóáøóÉò Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóßúíóÇáò æóÓóãúäñ æóáóÈóäñ¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóßóáõæÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ ãóÍúÖñ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ íõæÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú íóÃúßõáõæäó¡ æóÇáØøóÚóÇãõ íóÊóáóÇÔóì Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇáó áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: ÃóãøóÇ ÓóÇÑóÉõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊõßó ÝóáóÇ íõÏúÚóì ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÓóÇÑóÇ¡ æóáóßöäö ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÓóÇÑóÉõ¡ æóÃõÈóÇÑößõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÃõÚúØöíßó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÈúäðÇ æóÃõÈóÇÑößõåõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ áöáÔøõÚõæÈö¡ æóãõáõæßõ ÇáÔøõÚõæÈö ãöäúåõ. ÝóÎóÑøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö íóÚúäöí ÓóÇÌöÏðÇ æóÖóÍößó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö: ÃóÈóÚúÏó ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò íõæáóÏõ áöí ÛõáóÇãñ¡ Ãóæú ÓóÇÑóÉõ ÊóáöÏõ æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÊöÓúÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð¿ æóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: áóíúÊó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó íóÚöíÔõ ÞõÏøóÇãóßó! ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: ÈöÍóÞøöí Åöäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó ÓóÇÑóÉó ÊóáöÏõ áóßó ÛõáóÇãðÇ(1/373)
æóÊóÏúÚõæ ÇÓúãóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Åöáóì ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍöíäö ãöäú ÞóÇÈóáò¡ æóÃõæóÇËöÞõåõ ãöíËóÇÞöí Åöáóì ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ æóáöÎóáóÝöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÌóÈúÊõ áóßó Ýöí ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ æóÈóÇÑóßúÊõ Úóáóíúåö æóßóÈøóÑúÊõåõ æóäóãøóíúÊõåõ ÌóÏøðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ¡ æóíõæáóÏõ áóåõ ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ æóÃóÌúÚóáõåõ ÑóÆöíÓðÇ áöÔóÚúÈò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó} [åæÏ: 71] . Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÓúÊóãúÊöÚõ ÈöæõÌõæÏö æóáóÏöåóÇ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Ëõãøó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö íõæáóÏõ æóáóÏõåõ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Ãóíú íõæáóÏõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåöãóÇ áöÊóÞóÑøó ÃóÚúíõäõåõãóÇ Èöåö. ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÊú ÈöæóÇáöÏöåö. æóáóæú áóãú íõÑöÏú åóÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áöÐößúÑö íóÚúÞõæÈó æóÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáÊøóäúÕöíÕö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Ïõæäö ÓóÇÆöÑö äóÓúáö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ æóáóãøóÇ Úõíøöäó ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú íóÊóãóÊøóÚóÇäö Èöåö æóíõÓóÑøóÇäö ÈöãóæúáöÏöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓõÑøóÇ ÈöãóæúáöÏö ÃóÈöíåö ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó ßõáøðÇ åóÏóíúäóÇ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 84] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÚúÊóÒóáóåõãú æóãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäö Çááøóåö æóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó} [ãÑíã: 49] . æóåóÐóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÙóÇåöÑñ Þóæöíøñ¡ æóíõÄóíøöÏõåõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÇáÊøóíúãöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÞóÇáó: «ÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Ãóíøõ ãóÓúÌöÏò æõÖöÚó Ãóæøóáó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ. ÞõáúÊõ: Ëõãøó Ãóíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏõ ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì. ÞõáúÊõ: ßóãú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð.(1/374)
ÞõáúÊõ: Ëõãøó Ãóíøõ¿ ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó ÍóíúËõ ÃóÏúÑóßúÊó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝóÕóáøö ÝóßõáøõåóÇ ãóÓúÌöÏñ» . æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó íóÚúÞõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÓøóÓó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÇáúÃóÞúÕóì¡ æóåõæó ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÅöíáöíóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÓúÌöÏõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÔóÑøóÝóåõ Çááøóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ãõÊøóÌöåñ¡ æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
ÝóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöäóÇÁõ íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóåõæó ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈóÚúÏó ÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúÎóáöíáö æóÇÈúäöåö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏó ÇáúÍóÑóÇãó ÈöÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÓóæóÇÁð¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÈöäóÇÄõåõãóÇ Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó æõÌõæÏö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞóº áöÃóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆöåö ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÑóÈøö ÇÌúÚóáú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏó ÂãöäðÇ æóÇÌúäõÈúäöí æóÈóäöíøó Ãóäú äóÚúÈõÏó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ÑóÈøö Åöäøóåõäøó ÃóÖúáóáúäó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýóãóäú ÊóÈöÚóäöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäøöí æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøóßó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ ÑóÈøóäóÇ Åöäøöí ÃóÓúßóäúÊõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÈöæóÇÏò ÛóíúÑö Ðöí ÒóÑúÚò ÚöäúÏó ÈóíúÊößó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÑóÈøóäóÇ áöíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝóÇÌúÚóáú ÃóÝúÆöÏóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Êóåúæöí Åöáóíúåöãú æóÇÑúÒõÞúåõãú ãöäó ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÔúßõÑõæäó ÑóÈøóäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ äõÎúÝöí æóãóÇ äõÚúáöäõ æóãóÇ íóÎúÝóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÇáøóÐöí æóåóÈó áöí Úóáóì ÇáúßöÈóÑö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóÓóãöíÚõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÑóÈøö ÇÌúÚóáúäöí ãõÞöíãó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÊóÞóÈøóáú ÏõÚóÇÁö ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÛúÝöÑú áöí æóáöæóÇáöÏóíøó æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóæúãó íóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈõ} [ÅÈÑÇåíã: 35]
[Õ: 35] .(1/375)
æóßóãóÇ ÓóäõæÑöÏõåõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÊöåö ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÏøóÏó ÈöäóÇÁóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú ÃóÍóÏñ Åöäøó Èóíúäó ÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð Óöæóì ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÊóÞóÇÓöíãöåö æóÃóäúæóÇÚöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ áóãú íõæóÇÝóÞú Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÓõÈöÞó Åöáóíúåö.(1/376)
[ÐößúÑõ ÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúÚóÊöíÞö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÈóæøóÃúäóÇ áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÈóíúÊö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÔúÑößú Èöí ÔóíúÆðÇ æóØóåøöÑú ÈóíúÊöíó áöáØøóÇÆöÝöíäó æóÇáúÞóÇÆöãöíäó æóÇáÑøõßøóÚö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö æóÃóÐøöäú Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö íóÃúÊõæßó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÖóÇãöÑò íóÃúÊöíäó ãöäú ßõáøö ÝóÌøò ÚóãöíÞò} [ÇáÍÌ: 26] . [ÇáúÍóÌøö: 26 - 27] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÈóíúÊò æõÖöÚó áöáäøóÇÓö áóáøóÐöí ÈöÈóßøóÉó ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ æóåõÏðì áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó Ýöíåö ÂíóÇÊñ ÈóíøöäóÇÊñ ãóÞóÇãõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãóäú ÏóÎóáóåõ ßóÇäó ÂãöäðÇ æóáöáøóåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó Åöáóíúåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ æóãóäú ßóÝóÑó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó Ûóäöíøñ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 96]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 124 - 129] . íóÐúßõÑõ(1/377)
ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóÕóÝöíøöåö æóÎóáöíáöåö¡ ÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍõäóÝóÇÁö¡ æóæóÇáöÏö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÕóáóÇÉò æóÊóÓúáöíãò¡ Ãóäøóåõ Èóäóì ÇáúÈóíúÊó ÇáúÚóÊöíÞó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ãóÓúÌöÏò æõÖöÚó áöÚõãõæãö ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚúÈõÏõæäó Çááøóåó Ýöíåö¡ æóÈóæøóÃóåõ Çááøóåõ ãóßóÇäóåõ Ãóíú ÃóÑúÔóÏóåõ Åöáóíúåö æóÏóáøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑõæøöíäóÇ Úóäú ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÃõÑúÔöÏó Åöáóíúåö ÈöæóÍúíò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÎóáúÞö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö Ãóäøó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó ÈöÍöíóÇáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ÈöÍóíúËõ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÓóÞóØó áóÓóÞóØó ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÚóÇÈöÏõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Åöäøó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò ÈóíúÊðÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ Çááøóåó Ýöíåö Ãóåúáõ ßõáøö ÓóãóÇÁò æóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íóÈúäöíó áóåõ ÈóíúÊðÇ íóßõæäõ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßóÊöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇÈöÏö áöãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÑúÔóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ãóßóÇäö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãõåóíøóÃö áóåõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö áöÐóáößó ãõäúÐõ ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö «Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏó ÍóÑøóãóåõ Çááøóåõ íóæúãó ÎóáóÞó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖó Ýóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ ÈöÍõÑúãóÉö Çááøóåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö» . æóáóãú íóÌöÆú Ýöí ÎóÈóÑò ÕóÍöíÍò Úóäú ãóÚúÕõæãò Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóíúÊó ßóÇäó ãóÈúäöíøðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóãóäú ÊóãóÓøóßó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ãóßóÇäó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} [ÇáÍÌ: 26] ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöäóÇåöÖò æóáóÇ ÙóÇåöÑòº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãóßóÇäõåõ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑõ Ýöí Úöáúãö Çááøóåö¡ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑõ Ýöí ÞóÏóÑöåö¡ ÇáúãõÚóÙøóãõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãóæúÖöÚõåõ ãöäú áóÏõäú ÂÏóãó Åöáóì ÒóãóÇäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó äóÕóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÞõÈøóÉð¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÞóÏú ØõÝúäóÇ ÞóÈúáóßó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊö. æóÃóäøó ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉó ØóÇÝóÊú Èöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡(1/378)
æóáóßöäú ßõáøõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊõÕóÏøóÞõ æóáóÇ ÊõßóÐøóÈõ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ÑóÏøóåóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýóåöíó ãóÑúÏõæÏóÉñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: {Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÈóíúÊò æõÖöÚó áöáäøóÇÓö áóáøóÐöí ÈöÈóßøóÉó ãõÈóÇÑóßðÇ æóåõÏðì áöáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 96] . Ãóíú Ãóæøóáõ ÈóíúÊò æõÖöÚó áöÚõãõæãö ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáúÈóÑóßóÉö æóÇáúåõÏóì ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈöÈóßøóÉó Þöíáó: ãóßøóÉõ. æóÞöíáó: ãóÍóáøóÉõ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö {Ýöíåö ÂíóÇÊñ ÈóíøöäóÇÊñ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 97] . Ãóíú Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÈöäóÇÁõ ÇáúÎóáöíáö æóÇáöÏö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö æóÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍõäóÝóÇÁö ãöäú æóáóÏöåö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÞúÊóÏõæäó Èöåö. æóíóÊóãóÓøóßõæäó ÈöÓõäøóÊöåöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ãóÞóÇãõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 97] Ãóíö: ÇáúÍóÌóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó íóÞöÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇÆöãðÇ áóãøóÇ ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÇáúÈöäóÇÁõ Úóäú ÞóÇãóÊöåö ÝóæóÖóÚó áóåõ æóáóÏõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑó áöíóÑúÊóÝöÚó Úóáóíúåö áóãøóÇ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÈöäóÇÁõ æóÚóÙõãó ÇáúÝöäóÇÁõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÇáØøóæöíáö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÌóÑõ ãõáúÕóÞðÇ ÈöÍóÇÆöØö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÞóÏöíãö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö Åöáóì ÃóíøóÇãö ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÞóáöíáðÇ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÔúÛóáó ÇáúãõÕóáøõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÇáØøóÇÆöÝöíäó ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäúåóǺ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö áöÑóÓõæáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóæö ÇÊøóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì. ÝóÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ {æóÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ãöäú ãóÞóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãõÕóáøðì} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 125] æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú ÂËóÇÑõ ÞóÏóãóíö ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÈóÇÞöíóÉð Ýöí ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö Åöáóì Ãóæøóáö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ØóÇáöÈò Ýöí ÞóÕöíÏóÊöåö ÇááøóÇãöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö:
æóËóæúÑò æóãóäú ÃóÑúÓóì ËóÈöíÑðÇ ãóßóÇäóåõ ... æóÑóÇÞò áöíóÑúÞóì Ýöí ÍöÑóÇÁó æóäóÇÒöáö
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íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó ÑöÌúáóåõ ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉó ÛóÇÕóÊú Ýöí ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú Úóáóì ÞóÏúÑö ÞóÏóãöåö ÍóÇÝöíóÉð áóÇ ãõäúÊóÚöáóÉðº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú íóÑúÝóÚõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÞóæóÇÚöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 127] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÞóæúáöåöãóÇ: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÊóÞóÈøóáú ãöäøóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 127] . ÝóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóåõãóÇ íóÓúÃóáóÇäö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÇáÓøóãöíÚö ÇáúÚóáöíãö Ãóäú íóÊóÞóÈøóáó ãöäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ åõãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö æóÇáÓøóÚúíö ÇáúãóÔúßõæÑö {ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóÇÌúÚóáúäóÇ ãõÓúáöãóíúäö áóßó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöäóÇ ÃõãøóÉð ãõÓúáöãóÉð áóßó æóÃóÑöäóÇ ãóäóÇÓößóäóÇ æóÊõÈú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 128] .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóáöíáó Èóäóì ÃóÔúÑóÝó ÇáúãóÓóÇÌöÏö Ýöí ÃóÔúÑóÝö ÇáúÈöÞóÇÚö Ýöí æóÇÏò ÛóíúÑö Ðöí ÒóÑúÚò¡ æóÏóÚóÇ áöÃóåúáöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóÑóßóÉö¡ æóÃóäú íõÑúÒóÞõæÇ ãöäó ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö ãóÚó ÞöáøóÉö ÇáúãöíóÇåö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÇÑö æóÇáÒøõÑõæÚö æóÇáËøöãóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäú íóÌúÚóáóåõ ÍóÑóãðÇ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ æóÃóãúäðÇ ãõÍóÊøóãðÇ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó Çááøóåõ - æóáóåõ ÇáúÍóãúÏõ - áóåõ ãóÓúÃóáóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÈøóì ÏóÚúæóÊóåõ æóÃóÊóÇåõ ØöáúÈóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ ÃóäøóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÍóÑóãðÇ ÂãöäðÇ æóíõÊóÎóØøóÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ãöäú Íóæúáöåöãú} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 67] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæóáóãú äõãóßøöäú áóåõãú ÍóÑóãðÇ ÂãöäðÇ íõÌúÈóì Åöáóíúåö ËóãóÑóÇÊõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÑöÒúÞðÇ ãöäú áóÏõäøóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 57] . æóÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËó Ýöíåöãú ÑóÓõæáðÇ ãöäúåõãú Ãóíú ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåöãú æóÚóáóì áõÛóÊöåöãõ ÇáúÝóÕöíÍóÉö ÇáúÈóáöíÛóÉö ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉö áöÊóÊöãøó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáäøöÚúãóÊóÇäö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉõ æóÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉõ¡ ÈöÓóÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÝóÈóÚóËó Ýöíåöãú ÑóÓõæáðÇ¡ æóÃóíøó ÑóÓõæáò¡ ÎóÊóãó Èöåö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁóåõ æóÑõÓõáóåõ¡ æóÃóßúãóáó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ áóãú íõÄúÊö ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÚóãøó ÈöÏóÚúæóÊöåö Ãóåúáó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÌúäóÇÓöåöãú æóáõÛóÇÊöåöãú æóÕöÝóÇÊöåöãú Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÞúØóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö ãöäú Èóíúäö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö áöÔóÑóÝöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡(1/380)
æóßóãóÇáö ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó Èöåö¡ æóÔóÑóÝö ÈõÞúÚóÊöåö¡ æóÝóÕóÇÍóÉö áõÛóÊöåö¡ æóßóãóÇáö ÔóÝóÞóÊöåö Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö¡ æóáõØúÝöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ æóßöÑöíãö ãóÍúÊöÏöåö¡ æóÚóÙöíãö ãóæúáöÏöåö¡ æóØöíÈö ãóÕúÏóÑöåö æóãóæúÑöÏöåöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ÈóÇäöíó ßóÚúÈóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóäú íóßõæäõ ãóäúÕöÈõåõ æóãóÍóáøõåõ æóãóæúÖöÚõåõ Ýöí ãóäóÇÒöáö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóÑóÝöíÚö ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ßóÚúÈóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßö ÇáúãóÈúÑõæÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÎõáõåõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö íóÊóÚóÈøóÏõæäó Ýöíåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÈóÚúËö æóÇáäøõÔõæÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö ÕöÝóÉó ÈöäóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ßöÝóÇíóÉñ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ ÝóáúíõÑóÇÌöÚúåõ Ëóãøó¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ.
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æóßóÇäó íóÇÞõæÊóÉð ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ãöËúáó ÇáËøóÛóÇãóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÂÏóãõ åóÈóØó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÇÓúæóÏøó ãöäú ÎóØóÇíóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈöÍóÌóÑò ÝóæóÌóÏóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøõßúäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ãóäú ÌóÇÁóßó ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãóäú åõæó ÃóäúÔóØõ ãöäúßó. ÝóÈóäóíóÇ¡ æóåõãóÇ íóÏúÚõæóÇäö Çááøóåó: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÊóÞóÈøóáú ãöäøóÇ Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 127] . æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ãóäøóåõ ÈóäóÇåõ ãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóÌúÈõáò¡ æóÃóäøó ÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÑúäóíúäö - æóßóÇäó ãóáößó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó - ãóÑøó ÈöåöãóÇ æóåõãóÇ íóÈúäöíóÇäöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú ÃóãóÑóßõãóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ: Çááøóåõ ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Èöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: æóãóÇ íõÏúÑöíäöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ¿ ÝóÔóåöÏóÊú ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóßúÈõÔò Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÂãóäó æóÕóÏøóÞó. æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ØóÇÝó ãóÚó ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì ÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúÎóáöíáö ãõÏøóÉð ØóæöíáóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÈóäóÊúåóÇ ÞõÑóíúÔñ ÝóÞóÕõÑóÊú ÈöåóÇ Úóäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøóãóÇáö ãöãøóÇ íóáöí ÇáÔøóÇãó Úóáóì ãóÇ åöíó Úóáóíúåö Çáúíóæúãó¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÔöåóÇÈò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇÈúäó ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «Ãóáóãú ÊóÑóíú Ãóäøó Þóæúãóßö áóãøóÇ ÈóäóæõÇ ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉó ÇÞúÊóÕóÑõæÇ Úóäú ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑõÏøõåóÇ Úóáóì ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¿ ÝóÞóÇáó:(1/382)
áóæúáóÇ ÍöÏúËóÇäõ Þóæúãößö - æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: áóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó Þóæúãóßö ÍóÏöíËõæ ÚóåúÏò ÈöÌóÇåöáöíøóÉò. Ãóæú ÞóÇáó: ÈößõÝúÑò - áóÃóäúÝóÞúÊõ ßóäúÒó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÌóÚóáúÊõ ÈóÇÈóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóáóÃóÏúÎóáúÊõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÍöÌúÑó» . æóÞóÏú ÈóäóÇåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÃóíøóÇãöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõ ÎóÇáóÊõåõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌõ Ýöí ÓóäóÉö ËóáóÇËò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çáúãóáößö Èúäö ãóÑúæóÇäó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉö ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóÞóÏõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÕóäóÚó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÊöáúÞóÇÁö äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÈöÑóÏøöåóÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÝóäóÞóÖõæÇ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØó ÇáÔøóÇãöíøó æóÃóÎúÑóÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÍöÌúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÏøõæÇ ÇáúÍóÇÆöØó æóÑóÏóãõæÇ ÇáúÃóÍúÌóÇÑó Ýöí ÌóæúÝö ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÝóÇÑúÊóÝóÚó ÈóÇÈõåóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúÞöíøõ æóÓóÏøõæÇ ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøó ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãõÔóÇåóÏñ Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇÈúäó ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó äóÏöãõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ æóÊóÃóÓøóÝõæÇ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÊóÑóßõæåõ æóãóÇ Êóæóáøóì ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúãóåúÏöíøö Èúäö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÑö ÇÓúÊóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÅöãóÇãó ãóÇáößó Èúäó ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÑóÏøöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈóäóÇåóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: Åöäøöí ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäú íóÊøóÎöÐóåóÇ Çáúãõáõæßõ áõÚúÈóÉð¡ íóÚúäöí ßõáøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ãóáößñ ÈóäóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íõÑöíÏõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ åöíó Úóáóíúåö Çáúíóæúãó.(1/383)
[ÐößúÑõ ËóäóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáúßóÑöíãö Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö æóÎóáöíáöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐö ÇÈúÊóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÑóÈøõåõ ÈößóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÃóÊóãøóåõäøó ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÌóÇÚöáõßó áöáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóäóÇáõ ÚóåúÏöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 124] . áóãøóÇ æóÝøóì ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÌóÚóáóåõ áöáäøóÇÓö ÅöãóÇãðÇ íóÞúÊóÏõæäó Èöåö. æóíóÃúÊóãøõæäó ÈöåóÏúíöåö¡ æóÓóÃóáó Çááøóåó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ ãõÊøóÕöáóÉð ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö æóÈóÇÞöíóÉð Ýöí äóÓóÈöåö æóÎóÇáöÏóÉð Ýöí ÚóÞöÈöåö¡ ÝóÃõÌöíÈó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓóÃóáó æóÑóÇãó æóÓõáøöãóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉõ ÈöÒöãóÇãò¡ æóÇÓúÊõËúäöíó ãöäú äóíúáöåóÇ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó¡ æóÇÎúÊõÕøó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÚóÇãöáõæäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÂÊóíúäóÇåõ ÃóÌúÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 27] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó ßõáøðÇ åóÏóíúäóÇ æóäõæÍðÇ åóÏóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÃóíøõæÈó æóíõæÓõÝó æóãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó æóÒóßóÑöíøóÇ æóíóÍúíóì æóÚöíÓóì æóÅöáúíóÇÓó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÇáúíóÓóÚó æóíõæäõÓó æóáõæØðÇ æóßõáøðÇ ÝóÖøóáúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóãöäú ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú æóÐõÑøöíøóÇÊöåöãú æóÅöÎúæóÇäöåöãú æóÇÌúÊóÈóíúäóÇåõãú æóåóÏóíúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 84] ÚóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö æóáõæØñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇÈúäó ÃóÎöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáÐøõÑøöíøóÉö ÊóÛúáöíÈðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ áöáúÞóÇÆöáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóäøó ÇáÖøóãöíÑó Úóáóì äõæÍò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÊöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/384)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ äõæÍðÇ æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÌóÚóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåöãóÇ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó} [ÇáÍÏíÏ: 26] . ÇáúÂíóÉó.
Ýóßõáøõ ßöÊóÇÈò ÃõäúÒöáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Úóáóì äóÈöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Ýóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö æóÔöíÚóÊöåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÎöáúÚóÉñ ÓóäöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÖóÇåóì¡ æóãóÑúÊóÈóÉñ ÚóáöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÊõÈóÇåóì¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ æõáöÏó áóåõ áöÕõáúÈöåö æóáóÏóÇäö ÐóßóÑóÇäö ÚóÙöíãóÇäöº ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ãöäú åóÇÌóÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ãöäú ÓóÇÑóÉó¡ æóæõáöÏó áöåóÐóÇ íóÚúÞõæÈõ æóåõæó ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÊóÓöÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÓóÇÆöÑõ ÃóÓúÈóÇØöåöãú ÝóßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåöãõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ¡ æóßóËõÑõæÇ ÌöÏøðÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÚóÏóÏóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËóåõãú¡ æóÇÎúÊóÕøóåõãú ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÎõÊöãõæÇ ÈöÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÞóÈóÇÆöáöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäõÈóíøöäõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Óöæóì ÎóÇÊóãöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö æóÓóíøöÏöåöãú¡ æóÝóÎúÑö Èóäöí ÂÏóãó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉöº ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö Èúäö åóÇÔöãò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøö ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö Çáúãóßøöíøö Ëõãøó ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóáóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÚö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö æóÇáúÛõÕúäö ÇáúãõäöíÝö Óöæóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáÏøõÑøóÉö ÇáÒøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóæóÇÓöØóÉö ÇáúÚöÞúÏö ÇáúÝóÇÎöÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÊóÎöÑõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóíóÛúÈöØõåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóäõæÑöÏõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ÓóÃóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãðÇ íóÑúÛóÈõ Åöáóíøó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» . ÝóãóÏóÍó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃóÈóÇåõ ãöÏúÍóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö¡ æóÏóáøó ßóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎóáøóÇÞö Ýöí åóÐöåö(1/385)
ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóíóæúãó íõßúÔóÝõ Úóäú ÓóÇÞò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚõËúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÌóÑöíÑñ¡ Úóäú ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáúãöäúåóÇáö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÚóæøöÐõ ÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäó¡ æóíóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇßõãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÚóæøöÐõ ÈöåöãóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈößóáöãóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÇáÊøóÇãøóÉö ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúØóÇäò æóåóÇãøóÉò æóãöäú ßõáøö Úóíúäò áóÇãøóÉò» . æóÑóæóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãóäúÕõæÑò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÑóÈøö ÃóÑöäöí ßóíúÝó ÊõÍúíö ÇáúãóæúÊóì ÞóÇáó Ãóæóáóãú ÊõÄúãöäú ÞóÇáó Èóáóì æóáóßöäú áöíóØúãóÆöäøó ÞóáúÈöí ÞóÇáó ÝóÎõÐú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáØøóíúÑö ÝóÕõÑúåõäøó Åöáóíúßó Ëõãøó ÇÌúÚóáú Úóáóì ßõáøö ÌóÈóáò ãöäúåõäøó ÌõÒúÁðÇ Ëõãøó ÇÏúÚõåõäøó íóÃúÊöíäóßó ÓóÚúíðÇ æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÒöíÒñ Íóßöíãñ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 260] . ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈðÇ ÈóÓóØúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÃóÊóãøö ÊóÞúÑöíÑò¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓóÃóáó ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÚúãöÏó Åöáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáØøõíõæÑö¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÍóÇÕöáñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõãóÒøöÞó áõÍõæãóåõäøó æóÑöíÔóåõäøó¡ æóíóÎúáöØó Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÖóåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖò¡ Ëõãøó íõÞóÓøöãõåõ ÞöÓóãðÇ¡ æóíóÌúÚóáó Úóáóì ßõáøö ÌóÈóáò ãöäúåõäøó ÌõÒúÁðÇ ÝóÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæóåõäøó ÈöÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåöäøó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇåõäøó ÌóÚóáó ßõáøõ ÚõÖúæò íóØöíÑõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ÑöíÔóÉò ÊóÃúÊöí Åöáóì ÃõÎúÊöåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈóÏóäõ ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÑò Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó íóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóì ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ(1/386)
áöáÔøóíúÁö: ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ ÝóÃóÊóíúäó Åöáóíúåö ÓóÚúíðÇ áöíóßõæäó ÃóÈúíóäó áóåõ æóÃóæúÖóÍó áöãõÔóÇåóÏóÊöåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíäó ØóíóÑóÇäðÇ. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ÑõÁõæÓóåõäøó Ýöí íóÏöåö ÝóÌóÚóáó ßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÑò íóÃúÊöí ÝóÊóáúÞóÇåõ ÑóÃúÓõåõ ÝóíóÊóÑóßøóÈõ Úóáóì ÌõËøóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóáóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÚúáóãõ ÞõÏúÑóÉó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ÅöÍúíóÇÁö ÇáúãóæúÊóì ÚöáúãðÇ íóÞöíäðÇ áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáäøóÞöíÖó¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú íõÔóÇåöÏó Ðóáößó ÚöíóÇäðÇ¡ æóíóÊóÑóÞøóì ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáúíóÞöíäö Åöáóì Úóíúäö ÇáúíóÞöíäö ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÓõÄóÇáöåö¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÃúãõæáöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áöãó ÊõÍóÇÌøõæäó Ýöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉõ æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó åóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍóÇÌóÌúÊõãú ÝöíãóÇ áóßõãú Èöåö Úöáúãñ Ýóáöãó ÊõÍóÇÌøõæäó ÝöíãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßõãú Èöåö Úöáúãñ æóÇááøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ æóÃóäúÊõãú áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ íóåõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÍóäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Åöäøó Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÇááøóåõ æóáöíøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 65] . Ãóíú ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ Úóáóì Ïöíäößõãú¡ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÔõÑöÚó áóßõãú ãóÇ ÔõÑöÚó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöãõÏóÏò ãõÊóØóÇæöáóÉò¿ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 65] Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ íóåõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÍóäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 67] . ÝóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì Ïöíäö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóäöíÝö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ æóÇáöÇäúÍöÑóÇÝõ ÚóãúÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøóÉö æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÑúÛóÈõ Úóäú ãöáøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÓóÝöåó äóÝúÓóåõ æóáóÞóÏö ÇÕúØóÝóíúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÅöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÃóÓúáöãú ÞóÇáó ÃóÓúáóãúÊõ áöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóæóÕøóì ÈöåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èóäöíåö æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ íóÇÈóäöíøó Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÕúØóÝóì áóßõãõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÝóáóÇ ÊóãõæÊõäøó ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú ãõÓúáöãõæäó Ãóãú ßõäúÊõãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁó ÅöÐú ÍóÖóÑó íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúãóæúÊõ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÈóäöíåö ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÚúÈõÏõ Åöáóåóßó æóÅöáóåó ÂÈóÇÆößó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöáóåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ãõÓúáöãõæäó Êöáúßó ÃõãøóÉñ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÊú áóåóÇ ãóÇ ßóÓóÈóÊú æóáóßõãú ãóÇ ßóÓóÈúÊõãú æóáóÇ ÊõÓúÃóáõæäó ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó æóÞóÇáõæÇ ßõæäõæÇ åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì ÊóåúÊóÏõæÇ Þõáú Èóáú ãöáøóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÞõæáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö æóãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì æóãóÇ ÃõæÊöíó ÇáäøóÈöíøõæäó ãöäú ÑóÈøöåöãú áóÇ äõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõãú æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ãõÓúáöãõæäó ÝóÅöäú ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÂãóäúÊõãú Èöåö ÝóÞóÏö ÇåúÊóÏóæúÇ æóÅöäú ÊóæóáøóæúÇ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ åõãú Ýöí ÔöÞóÇÞò ÝóÓóíóßúÝöíßóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ ÕöÈúÛóÉó Çááøóåö æóãóäú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÕöÈúÛóÉð æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ÚóÇÈöÏõæäó Þõáú ÃóÊõÍóÇÌøõæäóäóÇ Ýöí Çááøóåö æóåõæó ÑóÈøõäóÇ æóÑóÈøõßõãú æóáóäóÇ ÃóÚúãóÇáõäóÇ æóáóßõãú ÃóÚúãóÇáõßõãú æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ãõÎúáöÕõæäó Ãóãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØó ßóÇäõæÇ åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì Þõáú ÃóÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóãö Çááøóåõ æóãóäú ÃóÙúáóãõ ãöãøóäú ßóÊóãó ÔóåóÇÏóÉð ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóãóÇ Çááøóåõ ÈöÛóÇÝöáò ÚóãøóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 130]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 130 - 140] .(1/387)
ÝóäóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Îóáöíáóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó íóåõæÏöíøðÇ Ãóæú äóÕúÑóÇäöíøðÇ¡ æóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóäöíÝðÇ ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Ãóæúáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóáøóÐöíäó ÇÊøóÈóÚõæåõ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 68] . íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ãöáøóÊöåö ãöäú ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö æóãóäú ÊóãóÓøóßó ÈöÏöíäöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú {æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 68] íóÚúäöí ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÔóÑóÚó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÇáúÍóäöíÝó ÇáøóÐöí ÔóÑóÚóåõ áöáúÎóáöíáö æóßóãøóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ¡(1/388)
æóÃóÚúØóÇåõ ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúØö äóÈöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÑóÓõæáðÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú Åöäøóäöí åóÏóÇäöí ÑóÈøöí Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò ÏöíäðÇ ÞöíóãðÇ ãöáøóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó Þõáú Åöäøó ÕóáóÇÊöí æóäõÓõßöí æóãóÍúíóÇíó æóãóãóÇÊöí áöáøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ æóÈöÐóáößó ÃõãöÑúÊõ æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 161]
[ÇáäøóÍúáö: 120 - 123] .
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åöÔóÇãñ¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÇáÕøõæóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö áóãú íóÏúÎõáú ÍóÊøóì ÃóãóÑó ÈöåóÇ ÝóãõÍöíóÊú¡ æóÑóÃóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãóÇ ÇáúÃóÒúáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇÊóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÞúÓóãóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÒúáóÇãö ÞóØøõ» . áóãú íõÎúÑöÌúåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö «ÞóÇÊóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÔóíúÎóäóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÞúÓöãú ÈöåóÇ ÞóØøõ» .
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÃõãøóÉð Ãóíú ÞõÏúæóÉð ÅöãóÇãðÇ ãõåúÊóÏöíðÇ ÏóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö íõÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö Ýöíåö {ÞóÇäöÊðÇ áöáøóåö} [ÇáäÍá: 120] Ãóíú ÎóÇÔöÚðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÍóÇáóÇÊöåö æóÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö æóÓóßóäóÇÊöåö ÍóäöíÝðÇ Ãóíú ãõÎúáöÕðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÕöíÑóÉò æóáóãú íóßõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó {ÔóÇßöÑðÇ áöÃóäúÚõãöåö} [ÇáäÍá: 121] . Ãóíú ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÔõßúÑö ÑóÈøöåö ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÌóæóÇÑöÍöåö ãöäú ÞóáúÈöåö æóáöÓóÇäöåö æóÃóÚúãóÇáöåö(1/389)
ÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõ Ãóíö ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Çááøóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÇÕúØóÝóÇåõ áöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö æóÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÌóãóÚó áóåõ Èóíúäó ÎóíúÑóíö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÏöíäðÇ ãöãøóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÌúåóåõ áöáøóåö æóåõæó ãõÍúÓöäñ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ãöáøóÉó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÍóäöíÝðÇ æóÇÊøóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 125] . íõÑóÛøöÈõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõº áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáÏøöíäö ÇáúÞóæöíãö æóÇáÕøöÑóÇØö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇãó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö ÑóÈøõåõ¡ æóãóÏóÍóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáøóÐöí æóÝøóì} [ÇáäÌã: 37] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ Çááøóåõ ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÎõáøóÉõ åöíó ÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú:
ÞóÏú ÊóÎóáøóáúÊó ãóÓúáóßó ÇáÑøõæÍö ãöäøöí ... æóÈöÐóÇ Óõãøöíó ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÎóáöíáðÇ
æóåóßóÐóÇ äóÇáó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóäúÒöáóÉó ÎóÇÊóãõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÓóíøöÏõ ÇáÑøõÓõáöº ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÌõäúÏóÈò ÇáúÈóÌóáöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÊøóÎóÐóäöí ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ» . æóÞóÇáó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÎõØúÈóÉò ÎóØóÈóåóÇ «ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ áóæú ßõäúÊõ ãõÊøóÎöÐðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÎóáöíáðÇ áóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÕóÇÍöÈóßõãú Îóáöíáõ Çááøóåö» . ÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò¡ æóËóÈóÊó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò.(1/390)
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÍóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ËóÇÈöÊò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ãóíúãõæäò ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó Çáúíóãóäó Õóáøóì Èöåöãõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍó ÝóÞóÑóÃó: {æóÇÊøóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 125] . ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö: áóÞóÏú ÞóÑøóÊú Úóíúäõ Ãõãøö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúÏóæóíúåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃõÓóíúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúÌõæÒúÌóÇäöíøõ ÈöãóßøóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÒóãúÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö æóåúÑóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÌóáóÓó äóÇÓñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóäúÊóÙöÑõæäóåõ ÝóÎóÑóÌó ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÏóäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÓóãöÚóåõãú íóÊóÐóÇßóÑõæäó ÝóÓóãöÚó ÍóÏöíËóåõãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú íóÞõæáõ: ÚóÌóÈñ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÇÊøóÎóÐó ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö ÎóáöíáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Îóáöíáõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: ãóÇÐóÇ ÈöÃóÚúÌóÈó ãöäú Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ßóáøóãó ãõæÓóì ÊóßúáöíãðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: ÝóÚöíÓóì ÑõæÍõ Çááøóåö æóßóáöãóÊõåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: ÂÏóãõ ÇÕúØóÝóÇåõ Çááøóåõ. ÝóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÝóÓóáøóãó. æóÞóÇáó: ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊõ ßóáóÇãóßõãú¡ æóÚóÌóÈóßõãú Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáõ Çááøóåö æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóãõæÓóì ßóáöíãõåõ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÚöíÓóì ÑõæÍõåõ æóßóáöãóÊõåõ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÂÏóãõ ÇÕúØóÝóÇåõ Çááøóåõ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøöí ÍóÈöíÈõ Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó¡ ÃóáóÇ æóÅöäøöí Ãóæøóáõ ÔóÇÝöÚò æóÃóæøóáõ ãõÔóÝøóÚò¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó¡ æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íõÍóÑøößõ ÍóáúÞóÉó ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóíóÝúÊóÍõåõ Çááøóåõ ÝóíõÏúÎöáõäöíåóÇ æóãóÚöí ÝõÞóÑóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃóßúÑóãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó» . åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóáóåõ ÔóæóÇåöÏõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò ÃõÎóÑó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/391)
æóÑóæóì ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóÏúÑóßöåö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊõäúßöÑõæäó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÎõáøóÉõ áöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ áöãõæÓóì¡ æóÇáÑøõÄúíóÉõ áöãõÍóãøóÏò ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó» . æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÍúãõæÏõ Èúäõ ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÓøõáóãöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÇÊøóÎóÐó Çááøóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÎóáöíáðÇ ÃóáúÞóì Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ÇáúæóÌóáó ÍóÊøóì Åöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÝóÞóÇäõ ÞóáúÈöåö áóíõÓúãóÚõ ãöäú ÈõÚúÏò¡ ßóãóÇ íõÓúãóÚõ ÎóÝóÞóÇäõ ÇáØøóíúÑö Ýöí ÇáúåóæóÇÁö. æóÞóÇáó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóíúÑò: ßóÇäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íõÖöíÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓó¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌó íóæúãðÇ íóáúÊóãöÓõ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ íõÖöíÝõåõ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏú ÃóÍóÏðÇ íõÖöíÝõåõ¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÏóÇÑöåö ÝóæóÌóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÇÆöãðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö ãóÇ ÃóÏúÎóáóßó ÏóÇÑöí ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÐúäöí¿ ÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáúÊõåóÇ ÈöÅöÐúäö ÑóÈøöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú ÃóäúÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ãóáóßõ ÇáúãóæúÊö ÃóÑúÓóáóäöí ÑóÈøöí Åöáóì ÚóÈúÏò ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÃõÈóÔøöÑõåõ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÎóÐóåõ ÎóáöíáðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ãóäú åõæó¡ ÝóæóÇááøóåö Åöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑúÊóäöí Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ßóÇäó ÈöÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö áóÂÊöíóäøóåõ¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ ÃóÈúÑóÍõ áóåõ ÌóÇÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì íõÝóÑøöÞó ÈóíúäóäóÇ ÇáúãóæúÊõ. ÞóÇáó: Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÃóäúÊó. ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ! ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÈöãó ÇÊøóÎóÐóäöí ÑóÈøöí ÎóáöíáðÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÈöÃóäøóßó ÊõÚúØöí ÇáäøóÇÓó æóáóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáõåõãú. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ßóËöíÑðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ãóæúÖöÚò ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúãóÏúÍö áóåõ¡ ÝóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÐúßõæÑñ Ýöí ÎóãúÓóÉò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ãóæúÖöÚðÇ¡ ãöäúåóÇ ÎóãúÓóÉó ÚóÔóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö æóÍúÏóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÍóÏõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕö Úóáóì ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú(1/392)
ÊóÎúÕöíÕðÇ ãöäú Èóíúäö ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Ýöí ÂíóÊóíö ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö æóÇáÔøõæÑóì¡ æóåõãóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÐú ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöíËóÇÞóåõãú æóãöäúßó æóãöäú äõæÍò æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäö ãóÑúíóãó æóÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãöíËóÇÞðÇ ÛóáöíÙðÇ} [ÇáÃÍÒÇÈ: 7] . æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÔóÑóÚó áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ãóÇ æóÕøóì Èöåö äõæÍðÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó æóãóÇ æóÕøóíúäóÇ Èöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóãõæÓóì æóÚöíÓóì Ãóäú ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÏøöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Ýöíåö} [ÇáÔæÑì: 13] . ÇáúÂíóÉó¡ Ëõãøó åõæó ÃóÔúÑóÝõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÚóÒúãö ÈóÚúÏó ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí æóÌóÏóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãõÓúäöÏðÇ ÙóåúÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÚúãõæÑö ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÎõáõåõ ßõáøó íóæúãò ÓóÈúÚõæäó ÃóáúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ÂÎöÑó ãóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÔóÑöíßö Èúäö ÃóÈöí äóãöÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁöº ãöäú Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö æóãõæÓóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ ÝóãöãøóÇ ÇäúÊõÞöÏó Úóáóì ÔóÑöíßò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ.
Ëõãøó ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃóÝúÖóáõ ãöäú ãõæÓóì ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó Ýöíåö: «æóÃóÎøóÑúÊõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉó áöíóæúãò íóÑúÛóÈõ Åöáóíøó ÇáúÎóáúÞõ ßõáøõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» . ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃõÈóíøö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÞóÇãõ ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: «ÃóäóÇ ÓóíøöÏõ æóáóÏö ÂÏóãó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÝóÎúÑó» . Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÇÓúÊöÔúÝóÇÚó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÂÏóãó¡ Ëõãøó ÈöäõæÍò¡ Ëõãøó ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Ëõãøó ãõæÓóì¡ Ëõãøó ÚöíÓóì Ýóßõáøõåõãú íóÍöíÏõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊõæÇ ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóíóÞõæáõ: «ÃóäóÇ áóåóÇ ÃóäóÇ áóåóÇ» . ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÓóÚöíÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ(1/393)
ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÓóÚöíÏñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: «Þöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ãóäú ÃóßúÑóãõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊúÞóÇåõãú. ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóíúÓó Úóäú åóÐóÇ äóÓúÃóáõßó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóíõæÓõÝõ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÇÈúäõ äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö Îóáöíáö Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóíúÓó Úóäú åóÐóÇ äóÓúÃóáõßó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÚóäú ãóÚóÇÏöäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÊóÓúÃóáõæäöí¿ ÎöíóÇÑõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö ÎöíóÇÑõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÞöåõæÇ» .
æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ØõÑõÞò¡ Úóäú íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÞóØøóÇäö¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøõ Èöåö.
¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÃõÓóÇãóÉó¡ æóãõÚúÊóãöÑñ¡ Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ÃóÓúäóÏóåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó ãöäú ÍóÏöíËöåöãóÇ¡ æóÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏóÉó Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÈöÔúÑò ÃóÑúÈóÚóÊõåõãú Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑõæÇ ÃóÈóÇåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÇáúßóÑöíãó ÇÈúäó ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáö Çááøóåö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ. æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑòæ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÇáúßóÑöíãó ÇÈúäó ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏóÉõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúßóÑöíãõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö(1/394)
ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» . ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Èöåö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «íõÍúÔóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÍõÝóÇÉð ÚõÑóÇÉð ÛõÑúáðÇ ÝóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú íõßúÓóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ» . Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó {ßóãóÇ ÈóÏóÃúäóÇ Ãóæøóáó ÎóáúÞò äõÚöíÏõåõ} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 104] . ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÝúíóÇäó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóÌøóÇÌö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäú ãõÛöíÑóÉó Èúäö ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö ÇáúßõæÝöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Èöåö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÃóÝúÖóáöíøóÉó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇÈóáóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ËóÈóÊó áöÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇãö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏö ÇáøóÐöí íóÛúÈöØõåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó æóÇáúÂÎöÑõæäó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóßöíÚñ¡ æóÃóÈõæ äõÚóíúãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ åõæó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ãõÎúÊóÇÑö Èúäö ÝõáúÝõáò¡ Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: «ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: íóÇ ÎóíúÑó ÇáúÈóÑöíøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: " ÐóÇßó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ» . ÝóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáËøóæúÑöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÅöÏúÑöíÓó¡ æóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ãõÓúåöÑò¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÝõÖóíúáò ÃóÑúÈóÚóÊõåõãú Úóäö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö Èúäö ÝõáúÝõáò. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: ÍóÓóäñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúåóÖúãö¡ æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ãóÚó æóÇáöÏöåö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: «áóÇ ÊõÝóÖøöáõæäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö» . æóÞóÇáó «áóÇ ÊõÝóÖøöáõæäöí Úóáóì ãõæÓóì ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íõÕúÚóÞõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóÃóßõæäõ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú íõÝöíÞõ ÝóÃóÌöÏõ ãõæÓóì(1/395)
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æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáøóÐöí æóÝøóì} [ÇáäÌã: 37] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÝøóì ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö. æóÞóÇãó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÔõÚóÈöåö¡ æóßóÇäó áóÇ íóÔúÛóáõåõ ãõÑóÇÚóÇÉõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÌóáöíáö Úóäö ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÞóáöíáö¡ æóáóÇ íõäúÓöíåö ÇáúÞöíóÇãõ ÈöÃóÚúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúßöÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ØóÇæõÓò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò {æóÅöÐö ÇÈúÊóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÑóÈøõåõ ÈößóáöãóÇÊò ÝóÃóÊóãøóåõäøó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 124] . ÞóÇáó: ÇÈúÊóáóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÎóãúÓñ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÃúÓö¡ æóÎóãúÓñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÓóÏö ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáÑøóÃúÓöº ÞóÕøõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö¡ æóÇáúãóÖúãóÖóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøöæóÇßõ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÔóÇÞõ¡ æóÝóÑúÞõ(1/396)
ÇáÑøóÃúÓö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóÓóÏöº ÊóÞúáöíãõ ÇáúÃóÙúÝóÇÑö¡ æóÍóáúÞõ ÇáúÚóÇäóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎöÊóÇäõ¡ æóäóÊúÝõ ÇáúÅöÈöØö¡ æóÛóÓúáõ ÃóËóÑö ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö æóÇáúÈóæúáö ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò. æóÞóÇáó: æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÌóáúÏö äóÍúæõ Ðóáößó. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉõ ÎóãúÓñº ÇáúÎöÊóÇäõ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóÞóÕøõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö¡ æóÊóÞúáöíãõ ÇáúÃóÙúÝóÇÑö¡ æóäóÊúÝõ ÇáúÅöÈöØö» . æóÝöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ æóÃóåúáö ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö æóßöíÚò¡ Úóäú ÒóßóÑöíøóÇ Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÒóÇÆöÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ãõÕúÚóÈö Èúäö ÔóíúÈóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏóÑöíøö Çáúãóßøöíøö ÇáúÍóÌóÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ØóáúÞö Èúäö ÍóÈöíÈò ÇáúÚóäóÒöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÚóÔúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉöº ÞóÕøõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈö¡ æóÅöÚúÝóÇÁõ ÇááøöÍúíóÉö¡ æóÇáÓøöæóÇßõ¡ æóÇÓúÊöäúÔóÇÞõ ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÕøõ ÇáúÃóÙúÝóÇÑö¡ æóÛóÓúáõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÌöãö¡ æóäóÊúÝõ ÇáúÅöÈöØö¡ æóÍóáúÞõ ÇáúÚóÇäóÉö¡ æóÇäúÊöÞóÇÕõ ÇáúãóÇÁö íóÚúäöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÌóÇÁó» . æóÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÐößúÑö ãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÚõãõÑöåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎöÊóÇäö¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÔúÛóáõåõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãõ ÈöÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö áöáøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÎõÔõæÚõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö Úóäú ãõÑóÇÚóÇÉö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÈóÏóäöåö¡ æóÅöÚúØóÇÁö ßõáøö ÚõÖúæò ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍö æóÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö¡ æóÅöÒóÇáóÉö ãóÇ(1/397)
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ÇáúÃóáöÈøóÇÁõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáöãöíäóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞöÕøóÊóåõãú Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãõÈöíäö ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: {æóáõæØðÇ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö ÃóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞóßõãú ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 80] {Åöäøóßõãú áóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó ÔóåúæóÉð ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ãõÓúÑöÝõæäó - æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóæóÇÈó Þóæúãöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÎúÑöÌõæåõãú ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊößõãú Åöäøóåõãú ÃõäóÇÓñ íóÊóØóåøóÑõæäó - ÝóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó - æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóØóÑðÇ ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 81 - 84]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 80 - 84] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö åõæÏò:(1/409)
{æóáóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúÈõÔúÑóì ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóáóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó ÓóáóÇãñ ÝóãóÇ áóÈöËó Ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÚöÌúáò ÍóäöíÐò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÃóíúÏöíóåõãú áóÇ ÊóÕöáõ Åöáóíúåö äóßöÑóåõãú æóÃóæúÌóÓó ãöäúåõãú ÎöíÝóÉð ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãö áõæØò æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ ÝóÖóÍößóÊú ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇæóíúáóÊóì ÃóÃóáöÏõ æóÃóäóÇ ÚóÌõæÒñ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúáöí ÔóíúÎðÇ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÔóíúÁñ ÚóÌöíÈñ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÚúÌóÈöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÈóÑóßóÇÊõåõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö Åöäøóåõ ÍóãöíÏñ ãóÌöíÏñ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÑøóæúÚõ æóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÇáúÈõÔúÑóì íõÌóÇÏöáõäóÇ Ýöí Þóæúãö áõæØò Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóÍóáöíãñ ÃóæøóÇåñ ãõäöíÈñ íóÇÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäú åóÐóÇ Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõ ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäøóåõãú ÂÊöíåöãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÏõæÏò æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ áõæØðÇ ÓöíÁó Èöåöãú æóÖóÇÞó Èöåöãú ÐóÑúÚðÇ æóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ ÚóÕöíÈñ æóÌóÇÁóåõ Þóæúãõåõ íõåúÑóÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö æóãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóäóÇÊöí åõäøó ÃóØúåóÑõ áóßõãú ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóáóÇ ÊõÎúÒõæäöí Ýöí ÖóíúÝöí ÃóáóíúÓó ãöäúßõãú ÑóÌõáñ ÑóÔöíÏñ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó ãóÇ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÈóäóÇÊößó ãöäú ÍóÞøò æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ äõÑöíÏõ ÞóÇáó áóæú Ãóäøó áöí Èößõãú ÞõæøóÉð Ãóæú Âæöí Åöáóì Ñõßúäò ÔóÏöíÏò ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇáõæØõ ÅöäøóÇ ÑõÓõáõ ÑóÈøößó áóäú íóÕöáõæÇ Åöáóíúßó ÝóÃóÓúÑö ÈöÃóåúáößó ÈöÞöØúÚò ãöäó Çááøóíúáö æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊú ãöäúßõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó Åöäøóåõ ãõÕöíÈõåóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú Åöäøó ãóæúÚöÏóåõãõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍõ ÃóáóíúÓó ÇáÕøõÈúÍõ ÈöÞóÑöíÈò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú ÓöÌøöíáò ãóäúÖõæÏò ãõÓóæøóãóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó æóãóÇ åöíó ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 69]
[åõæÏò: 69 - 83] .(1/410)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: {æóäóÈøöÆúåõãú Úóäú ÖóíúÝö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 51] ÅöÐú {ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÓóáóÇãðÇ ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóÇ ãöäúßõãú æóÌöáõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóæúÌóáú ÅöäøóÇ äõÈóÔøöÑõßó ÈöÛõáóÇãò Úóáöíãò - ÞóÇáó ÃóÈóÔøóÑúÊõãõæäöí Úóáóì Ãóäú ãóÓøóäöíó ÇáúßöÈóÑõ ÝóÈöãó ÊõÈóÔøöÑõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈóÔøóÑúäóÇßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÝóáóÇ Êóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇäöØöíäó - ÞóÇáó æóãóäú íóÞúäóØõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö ÑóÈøöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÖøóÇáøõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ÎóØúÈõßõãú ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãò ãõÌúÑöãöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ Âáó áõæØò ÅöäøóÇ áóãõäóÌøõæåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ ÅöäøóåóÇ áóãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 52 - 60] {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó Âáó áõæØò ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó - ÞóÇáó Åöäøóßõãú Þóæúãñ ãõäúßóÑõæäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 61 - 62] {ÞóÇáõæÇ Èóáú ÌöÆúäóÇßó ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö íóãúÊóÑõæäó - æóÃóÊóíúäóÇßó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÅöäøóÇ áóÕóÇÏöÞõæäó - ÝóÃóÓúÑö ÈöÃóåúáößó ÈöÞöØúÚò ãöäó Çááøóíúáö æóÇÊøóÈöÚú ÃóÏúÈóÇÑóåõãú æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊú ãöäúßõãú ÃóÍóÏñ æóÇãúÖõæÇ ÍóíúËõ ÊõÄúãóÑõæäó - æóÞóÖóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ãóäøó ÏóÇÈöÑó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÞúØõæÚñ ãõÕúÈöÍöíäó - æóÌóÇÁó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÓúÊóÈúÔöÑõæäó - ÞóÇáó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÖóíúÝöí ÝóáóÇ ÊóÝúÖóÍõæäö - æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóáóÇ ÊõÎúÒõæäö - ÞóÇáõæÇ Ãóæóáóãú äóäúåóßó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóäóÇÊöí Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó - áóÚóãúÑõßó Åöäøóåõãú áóÝöí ÓóßúÑóÊöåöãú íóÚúãóåõæäó - ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ãõÔúÑöÞöíäó - ÝóÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú ÓöÌøöíáò - Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöáúãõÊóæóÓøöãöíäó - æóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÈöÓóÈöíáò ãõÞöíãò - Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 63 - 77]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 51 - 77] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö:(1/410)
{ßóÐøóÈóÊú Þóæúãõ áõæØò ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó - ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÃóÎõæåõãú áõæØñ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 160 - 161] {Åöäøöí áóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ Ãóãöíäñ - ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö - æóãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÃóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÐøõßúÑóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - æóÊóÐóÑõæäó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó áóßõãú ÑóÈøõßõãú ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌößõãú Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ÚóÇÏõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÆöäú áóãú ÊóäúÊóåö íóÇ áõæØõ áóÊóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúãõÎúÑóÌöíäó - ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí áöÚóãóáößõãú ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇáöíäó - ÑóÈøö äóÌøöäöí æóÃóåúáöí ãöãøóÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó - ÝóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÌõæÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó - Ëõãøó ÏóãøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó - æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóØóÑðÇ ÝóÓóÇÁó ãóØóÑõ ÇáúãõäúÐóÑöíäó - Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 107 - 175]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 160 - 175] .(1/411)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö: {æóáõæØðÇ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö ÃóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊõÈúÕöÑõæäó ÃóÆöäøóßõãú áóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó ÔóåúæóÉð ãöäú Ïõæäö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ÊóÌúåóáõæäó ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóæóÇÈó Þóæúãöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÎúÑöÌõæÇ Âáó áõæØò ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊößõãú Åöäøóåõãú ÃõäóÇÓñ íóÊóØóåøóÑõæäó ÝóÃóäúÌóíúäóÇåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóØóÑðÇ ÝóÓóÇÁó ãóØóÑõ ÇáúãõäúÐóÑöíäó} [Çáäãá: 54]
[Çáäøóãúáö 54 - 58] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö:(1/411)
{æóáõæØðÇ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö Åöäøóßõãú áóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞóßõãú ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÃóÆöäøóßõãú áóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáó æóÊóÞúØóÚõæäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáó æóÊóÃúÊõæäó Ýöí äóÇÏöíßõãõ ÇáúãõäúßóÑó ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóæóÇÈó Þóæúãöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇäúÕõÑúäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúÈõÔúÑóì ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ãõåúáößõæ Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö Åöäøó ÃóåúáóåóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÙóÇáöãöíäó ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÝöíåóÇ áõæØðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÍúäõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú ÝöíåóÇ áóäõäóÌøöíóäøóåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó æóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ áõæØðÇ ÓöíÁó Èöåöãú æóÖóÇÞó Èöåöãú ÐóÑúÚðÇ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäú ÅöäøóÇ ãõäóÌøõæßó æóÃóåúáóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó ÅöäøóÇ ãõäúÒöáõæäó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÑöÌúÒðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÓõÞõæäó æóáóÞóÏú ÊóÑóßúäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÂíóÉð ÈóíøöäóÉð áöÞóæúãò íóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 28]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 133 - 138] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáÐøóÇÑöíóÇÊö ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö ÖóíúÝö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÈöÔóÇÑóÊöåöãú ÅöíøóÇåõ ÈöÛõáóÇãò Úóáöíãò: {ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ÎóØúÈõßõãú ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãò ãõÌúÑöãöíäó áöäõÑúÓöáó Úóáóíúåöãú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú Øöíäò ãõÓóæøóãóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó áöáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóíúÊò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÊóÑóßúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÂíóÉð áöáøóÐöíäó íóÎóÇÝõæäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 31] {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÇÕöÈðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Âáó áõæØò äóÌøóíúäóÇåõãú ÈöÓóÍóÑò - äöÚúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöäóÇ ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ãóäú ÔóßóÑó - æóáóÞóÏú ÃóäúÐóÑóåõãú ÈóØúÔóÊóäóÇ ÝóÊóãóÇÑóæúÇ ÈöÇáäøõÐõÑö - æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏõæåõ Úóäú ÖóíúÝöåö ÝóØóãóÓúäóÇ ÃóÚúíõäóåõãú ÝóÐõæÞõæÇ ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö - æóáóÞóÏú ÕóÈøóÍóåõãú ÈõßúÑóÉð ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÓúÊóÞöÑøñ - ÝóÐõæÞõæÇ ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö - æóáóÞóÏú íóÓøóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó áöáÐøößúÑö Ýóåóáú ãöäú ãõÏøóßöÑò} [ÇáÞãÑ: 34 - 40]
[ÇáúÞóãóÑö 33 - 40] .(1/412)
æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕóÕö Ýöí ÃóãóÇßöäöåóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ áõæØðÇ æóÞóæúãóåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ÃõÎóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÐößúÑõåóÇ ãóÚó Þóæúãö äõæÍò æóÚóÇÏò æóËóãõæÏó. æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáúÂäó ÅöíÑóÇÏõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú¡ ãóÌúãõæÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ æóÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ.
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó áõæØðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÌöíÈõæÇ áóåõ æóáóãú íõÄúãöäõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì æóáóÇ ÑóÌõáñ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÊúÑõßõæÇ ãóÇ Úóäúåõ äõåõæÇ¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøõæÇ Úóáóì ÍóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáöãó íóÑúÚóæõæÇ Úóäú Ûóíøöåöãú æóÖóáóÇáöåöãú¡ æóåóãøõæÇ ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÑóÓõæáöåöãú ãöäú Èóíúäö ÙóåúÑóÇäóíúåöãú¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇÕöáõ ÌóæóÇÈöåöãú Úóäú ÎöØóÇÈöåöãú¡ ÅöÐú ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóÚúÞöáõæäó: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ {ÃóÎúÑöÌõæÇ Âáó áõæØò ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊößõãú Åöäøóåõãú ÃõäóÇÓñ íóÊóØóåøóÑõæäó} [Çáäãá: 56] ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúãóÏúÍö ÐóãøðÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌó¡ æóãóÇ Íóãóáóåõãú Úóáóì ãóÞóÇáóÊöåöãú åóÐöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚöäóÇÏõ æóÇááøóÌóÇÌõ¡ ÝóØóåøóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ¡ æóÃóÎúÑóÌóåõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÅöÎúÑóÇÌò¡ æóÊóÑóßóåõãú Ýöí ãóÍóáøóÊöåöãú ÎóÇáöÏöíäó áóßöäú ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÕóíøóÑóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈóÍúÑóÉð ãõäúÊöäóÉð ÐóÇÊó ÃóãúæóÇÌò¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö äóÇÑñ ÊóÃóÌøóÌõ æóÍóÑøñ íóÊóæóåøóÌõ¡ æóãóÇÄõåóÇ ãöáúÍñ ÃõÌóÇÌñ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈóåõãú ÅöáøóÇ áóãøóÇ äóåóÇåõãú Úóäö ÇáØøóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÚõÙúãóì æóÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉö ÇáúßõÈúÑóì ÇáøóÊöí áóãú íóÓúÈöÞúåõãú ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÏøõäúíóǺ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÕóÇÑõæÇ ãóËõáóÉð ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÚöÈúÑóÉð áöãóäú ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó íóÞúØóÚõæäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞó¡ æóíóÎõæäõæäó ÇáÑøóÝöíÞó¡ æóíóÃúÊõæäó Ýöí äóÇÏöíåöãú æóåõæó ãõÌúÊóãóÚõåõãú æóãóÍóáøõ ÍóÏöíËöåöãú æóÓóãóÑöåöãõ ÇáúãõäúßóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÕúäóÇÝöåö ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÖóÇÑóØõæäó Ýöí ãóÌóÇáöÓöåöãú æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍúíõæäó ãöäú ãõÌóÇáöÓöåöãú¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÝóÚúáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍóÇÝöáö æóáóÇ(1/413)
íóÓúÊóäúßöÝõæäó¡ æóáóÇ íóÑúÚóæõæäó áöæóÚúÙö æóÇÚöÙò¡ æóáóÇ äóÕöíÍóÉò ãöäú äóÇÞöáò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÛóíúÑöåö ßóÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö Èóáú ÃóÖóáøõ ÓóÈöíáðÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÞúáöÚõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑö¡ æóáóÇ äóÏöãõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÇãõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö ÊóÍúæöíáðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÃóÎóÐðÇ æóÈöíáðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈö Çááøóåö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 29] . ÝóØóáóÈõæÇ ãöäúåõ æõÞõæÚó ãóÇ ÍóÐøóÑóåõãú Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáöíãö¡ æóÍõáõæáö ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú äóÈöíøõåõãõ ÇáúßóÑöíãõ ÝóÓóÃóáó ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóÅöáóåö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó Ãóäú íóäúÕõÑóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó ÝóÛóÇÑó Çááøóåõ áöÛóíúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÛóÖöÈó áöÛóÖúÈóÊöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áöÏóÚúæóÊöåö¡ æóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ Åöáóì ØöáúÈóÊöåö¡ æóÈóÚóËó ÑõÓõáóåõ ÇáúßöÑóÇãó¡ æóãóáóÇÆößóÊóåõ ÇáúÚöÙóÇãó ÝóãóÑøõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáöíáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÈóÔøóÑõæåõ ÈöÇáúÛõáóÇãö ÇáúÚóáöíãö¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæåõ ÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁõæÇ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÌóÓöíãö¡ æóÇáúÎóØúÈö ÇáúÚóãöíãö {ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ÎóØúÈõßõãú ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãò ãõÌúÑöãöíäó áöäõÑúÓöáó Úóáóíúåöãú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú Øöíäò ãõÓóæøóãóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó áöáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 31] . æóÞóÇáó: {æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöÇáúÈõÔúÑóì ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ãõåúáößõæ Ãóåúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö Åöäøó ÃóåúáóåóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÙóÇáöãöíäó ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÝöíåóÇ áõæØðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÍúäõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú ÝöíåóÇ áóäõäóÌøöíóäøóåõ æóÃóåúáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 31] . æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáÑøóæúÚõ æóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÇáúÈõÔúÑóì íõÌóÇÏöáõäóÇ Ýöí Þóæúãö áõæØò} [åæÏ: 74] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íõäöíÈõæÇ æóíõÓúáöãõæÇ æóíõÞúáöÚõæÇ æóíóÑúÌöÚõæǺ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó áóÍóáöíãñ ÃóæøóÇåñ ãõäöíÈñ íóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäú åóÐóÇ Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõ ÑóÈøößó æóÅöäøóåõãú ÂÊöíåöãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÏõæÏò} [åæÏ: 75] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäú åóÐóÇ¡ æóÊóßóáøóãú Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÍõÊöãó ÃóãúÑõåõãú¡ æóæóÌóÈó ÚóÐóÇÈõåõãú æóÊóÏúãöíÑõåõãú æóåóáóÇßõåõãú. {Åöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõ ÑóÈøößó} [åæÏ: 76] . Ãóíú ÞóÏú ÃóãóÑó Èöåö ãóäú áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ ÃóãúÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÑóÏøõ ÈöÃúÓõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãõÚóÞøöÈó áöÍõßúãöåö {æóÅöäøóåõãú ÂÊöíåöãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÏõæÏò} [åæÏ: 76] .(1/414)
æóÐóßóÑó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌóÚóáó íóÞõæáõ: ÃóÊõåúáößõæäó ÞóÑúíóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉö ãõÄúãöäò¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóãöÇÆóÊóÇ ãõÄúãöäò¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ãõÄúãöäðÇ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Åöáóì Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÄúãöäñ æóÇÍöÏñ¿ ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ. {ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÝöíåóÇ áõæØðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÍúäõ ÃóÚúáóãõ Èöãóäú ÝöíåóÇ} [ÇáÚäßÈæÊ: 32] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö ÃóÊõåúáößõåõãú æóÝöíåöãú ÎóãúÓõæäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: áóÇ Ãõåúáößõåõãú æóÝöíåöãú ÎóãúÓõæäó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ. Ëõãøó ÊóäóÇÒóáó Åöáóì ÚóÔóÑóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: áóÇ Ãõåúáößõåõãú æóÝöíåöãú ÚóÔóÑóÉñ ÕóÇáöÍõæäó.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÑõÓõáõäóÇ áõæØðÇ ÓöíÁó Èöåöãú æóÖóÇÞó Èöåöãú ÐóÑúÚðÇ æóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ ÚóÕöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 77] . ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: áóãøóÇ ÝóÕóáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóåõãúº ÌöÈúÑöíáõ¡ æóãöíßóÇÆöíáõ¡ æóÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ¡ ÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóæúÇ ÃóÑúÖó ÓóÏõæãó Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÔõÈøóÇäò ÍöÓóÇäò ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÞóæúãö áõæØò¡ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉð áöáúÍõÌøóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÖóÇÝõæÇ áõæØðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÛõÑõæÈö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÝóÎóÔöíó Åöäú áóãú íõÖöÝúåõãú Ãóäú íõÖöíÝóåõãú ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞöíäó¡ æóÍóÓöÈóåõãú ÈóÔóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æó {ÓöíÁó Èöåöãú æóÖóÇÞó Èöåöãú ÐóÑúÚðÇ æóÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ íóæúãñ ÚóÕöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 77] .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÔóÏöíÏñ ÈóáóÇÄõåõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ãöäú ãõÏóÇÝóÚóÊöåö ÇááøóíúáóÉó Úóäúåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÕúäóÚõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÑóØõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íõÖöíÝó ÃóÍóÏðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ÑóÃóì ãóäú áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúãóÍöíÏõ Úóäúåõ. æóÐóßóÑó(1/415)
ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäøóåõãú æóÑóÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÃóÑúÖò áóåõ íóÚúãóáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÊóÖóíøóÝõæåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍúíóì ãöäúåõãú æóÇäúØóáóÞó ÃóãóÇãóåõãú¡ æóÌóÚóáó íõÚóÑøöÖõ áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóäúÕóÑöÝõæäó Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö¡ æóíóäúÒöáõæäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö íóÇ åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÇ ÃóÚúáóãõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Ãóåúáó ÈóáóÏò ÃóÎúÈóËó ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ Ëõãøó ãóÔóì ÞóáöíáðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóÊøóì ßóÑøóÑóåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚó ãóÑøóÇÊò ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ÃõãöÑõæÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõåúáößõæåõãú ÍóÊøóì íóÔúåóÏó Úóáóíúåöãú äóÈöíøõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÎóÑóÌóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó äóÍúæó Þóæúãö áõæØò ÝóÃóÊóæúåóÇ äöÕúÝó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛõæÇ äóåúÑó ÓóÏõæãó áóÞõæÇ ÇÈúäóÉó áõæØò ÊóÓúÊóÞöí ãöäó ÇáúãóÇÁö áöÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÇÈúäóÊóÇäö ÇÓúãõ ÇáúßõÈúÑóì ÃóÑöíËóÇ¡ æóÇáÕøõÛúÑóì ÏóÛõæúËóÇ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåóÇ: íóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉõ åóáú ãöäú ãóäúÒöáò¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõãú: ãóßóÇäóßõãú¡ áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ ÍóÊøóì ÂÊöíóßõãú. ÝóÑöÞóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÞóæúãöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÊú ÃóÈóÇåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÃóÈóÊóÇåõ ÃóÑóÇÏóßó ÝöÊúíóÇäñ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ æõÌõæåó Þóæúãò ÞóØøõ åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäó ãöäúåõãú¡ áóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõåõãú Þóæúãõßó ÝóíóÝúÖóÍõæåõãú. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Þóæúãõåõ äóåóæúåõ Ãóäú íõÖöíÝó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Èöåöãú¡ Ýóáóãú íóÚúáóãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊú ÞóæúãóåóÇ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøó Ýöí ÈóíúÊö áõæØò ÑöÌóÇáðÇ ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ãöËúáó æõÌõæåöåöãú ÞóØøõ. ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ Þóæúãõåõ íõåúÑóÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö.(1/416)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} [åæÏ: 78] . Ãóíú åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÓóáóÝó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö {ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóäóÇÊöí åõäøó ÃóØúåóÑõ áóßõãú} [åæÏ: 78] . íõÑúÔöÏõåõãú Åöáóì ÛöÔúíóÇäö äöÓóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóåõäøó ÈóäóÇÊõåõ ÔóÑúÚðǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúæóÇáöÏö¡ ßóãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú æóÃóÒúæóÇÌõåõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊõåõãú} [ÇáÃÍÒÇÈ: 6] . æóÝöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÝö: " æóåõæó ÃóÈñ áóåõãú ". æóåóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {ÃóÊóÃúÊõæäó ÇáÐøõßúÑóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó æóÊóÐóÑõæäó ãóÇ ÎóáóÞó áóßõãú ÑóÈøõßõãú ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌößõãú Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ÚóÇÏõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 165]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 165 - 166] . æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáÑøóÈöíÚõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ. æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÎóØóÃñ ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö. æóÞóÏú ÊóÕóÍøóÝó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúØóÆõæÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ ÇËúäóíúäö¡ æóÅöäøóåõãú ÊóÚóÔøóæúÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÎóÈøóØó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÊóÎúÈöíØðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóáóÇ ÊõÎúÒõæäö Ýöí ÖóíúÝöí ÃóáóíúÓó ãöäúßõãú ÑóÌõáñ ÑóÔöíÏñ} [åæÏ: 78] äóåúíñ áóåõãú Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí ãóÇ áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉö¡ æóÔóåóÇÏóÉñ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáñ áóåõ ãõÓúßóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöíåö ÎóíúÑñ¡ Èóáö ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ ÓõÝóåóÇÁõ ÝóÌóÑóÉñ ÃóÞúæöíóÇÁõ ßóÝóÑóÉñ ÃóÚúÊöíóÇÁõ. æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ Ãóäú íóÓúãóÚõæÇ ãöäúåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö(1/417)
Ãóäú íóÓúÃóáõæåõ Úóäúåõ ÝóÞóÇáó Þóæúãõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú áóÚúäóÉõ Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö ÇáúãóÌöíÏö ãõÌöíÈöíäó áöäóÈöíøöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãú Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáÓøóÏöíÏö: {áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó ãóÇ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÈóäóÇÊößó ãöäú ÍóÞøò æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ äõÑöíÏõ} [åæÏ: 79] . íóÞõæáõæäó: Úóáóíúåöãú áöÚóÇÆöäõ Çááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó íóÇ áõæØõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÃóÑóÈó áóäóÇ Ýöí äöÓóÇÆöäóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóÚúáóãõ ãõÑóÇÏóäóÇ¡ æóÛóÑóÖóäóÇ¡ æóÇÌóåõæÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö ÑóÓõæáóåõãõ ÇáúßóÑöíãó¡ æóáóãú íóÎóÇÝõæÇ ÓóØúæóÉó ÇáúÚóÙöíãö Ðöí ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáöíãöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {áóæú Ãóäøó áöí Èößõãú ÞõæøóÉð Ãóæú Âæöí Åöáóì Ñõßúäò ÔóÏöíÏò} [åæÏ: 80] . æóÏøó Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó áóåõ Èöåöãú ÞõæøóÉñ Ãóæú áóåõ ãóäóÚóÉñ¡ æóÚóÔöíÑóÉñ íóäúÕõÑõæäóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú áöíõÍöáøó Èöåöãú ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøõ: Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «äóÍúäõ ÃóÍóÞøõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö ãöäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóíóÑúÍóãõ Çááøóåõ áõæØðÇ áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÃúæöí Åöáóì Ñõßúäò ÔóÏöíÏò¡ æóáóæú áóÈöËúÊõ Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ãóÇ áóÈöËó íõæÓõÝõ áóÃóÌóÈúÊõ ÇáÏøóÇÚöíó» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÚóáúÞóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì áõæØò áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó íóÃúæöí Åöáóì Ñõßúäò ÔóÏöíÏò» . íóÚúäöí Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó «ÝóãóÇ ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäú äóÈöíøò ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ËóÑúæóÉò ãöäú Þóæúãöåö» . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÇÁó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÓúÊóÈúÔöÑõæäó ÞóÇáó Åöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÖóíúÝöí ÝóáóÇ ÊóÝúÖóÍõæäö æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóáóÇ ÊõÎúÒõæäö ÞóÇáõæÇ Ãóæóáóãú äóäúåóßó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÞóÇáó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóäóÇÊöí Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 67] . ÝóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÞõÑúÈóÇäö äöÓóÇÆöåöãú¡ æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑó Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÊöåöãú æóÓóíøöÆóÇÊöåöãú¡ åóÐóÇ æóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÇ íóäúÊóåõæäó æóáóÇ íóÑúÚóæõæäó¡(1/418)
Èóáú ßõáøóãóÇ äóåóÇåõãú íõÈóÇáöÛõæäó Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÖøöíÝóÇäö æóíóÍúÑöÕõæäó¡ æóáóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ ãóÇ Íóãøó Èöåö ÇáúÞóÏóÑõ ãöãøóÇ åõãú Åöáóíúåö ÕóÇÆöÑõæäó¡ æóÕóÈöíÍóÉó áóíúáóÊöåöãú ãõäúÊóÞöáõæäóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÞúÓöãðÇ ÈöÍóíóÇÉö äóÈöíøöåö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö: {áóÚóãúÑõßó Åöäøóåõãú áóÝöí ÓóßúÑóÊöåöãú íóÚúãóåõæäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 72] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóäúÐóÑóåõãú ÈóØúÔóÊóäóÇ ÝóÊóãóÇÑóæúÇ ÈöÇáäøõÐõÑö æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏõæåõ Úóäú ÖóíúÝöåö ÝóØóãóÓúäóÇ ÃóÚúíõäóåõãú ÝóÐõæÞõæÇ ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö æóáóÞóÏú ÕóÈøóÍóåõãú ÈõßúÑóÉð ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÓúÊóÞöÑøñ} [ÇáÞãÑ: 36] . ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Ãóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö áõæØðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌóÚóáó íõãóÇäöÚõ Þóæúãóåõ ÇáÏøõÎõæáó æóíõÏóÇÝöÚõåõãú¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÈõ ãõÛúáóÞñ¡ æóåõãú íóÑõæãõæäó ÝóÊúÍóåõ æóæõáõæÌóåõ æóåõæó íóÚöÙõåõãú æóíóäúåóÇåõãú ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÖóÇÞó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ æóÚóÓõÑó ÇáúÍóÇáõ ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {áóæú Ãóäøó áöí Èößõãú ÞõæøóÉð Ãóæú Âæöí Åöáóì Ñõßúäò ÔóÏöíÏò} [åæÏ: 80] . áóÃóÍúáóáúÊõ Èößõãõ ÇáäøóßóÇáó ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ: {íóÇ áõæØõ ÅöäøóÇ ÑõÓõáõ ÑóÈøößó áóäú íóÕöáõæÇ Åöáóíúßó} [åæÏ: 81] . æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÖóÑóÈó æõÌõæåóåõãú ÎóÝúÞóÉð ÈöØóÑóÝö ÌóäóÇÍöåö ÝóØõãöÓóÊú ÃóÚúíõäõåõãú ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÛóÇÑóÊú ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áóåóÇ ãóÍóáøñ¡ æóáóÇ Úóíúäñ¡ æóáóÇ ÃóËóÑñ ÝóÑóÌóÚõæÇ íóÊóÌóÓøóÓõæäó ãóÚó ÇáúÍöíØóÇäö¡ æóíóÊóæóÚøóÏõæäó ÑóÓõæáó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö æóíóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÏõ ßóÇäó áóäóÇ æóáóåõ ÔóÃäñ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏõæåõ Úóäú ÖóíúÝöåö ÝóØóãóÓúäóÇ ÃóÚúíõäóåõãú ÝóÐõæÞõæÇ ÚóÐóÇÈöí æóäõÐõÑö æóáóÞóÏú ÕóÈøóÍóåõãú ÈõßúÑóÉð ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÓúÊóÞöÑøñ} [ÇáÞãÑ: 37] . ÝóÐóáößó(1/419)
Ãóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú Åöáóì áõæØò Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÂãöÑöíäó áóåõ ÈöÃóäú íóÓúÑöíó åõæó æóÃóåúáõåõ ãöäú ÂÎöÑö Çááøóíúáö {æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊú ãöäúßõãú ÃóÍóÏñ} [åæÏ: 81] íóÚúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÓóãóÇÚö ÕóæúÊö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÅöÐóÇ Íóáøó ÈöÞóæúãöåö. æóÃóãóÑõæåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóíúÑõåõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåöãú ßóÇáÓøóÇÞóÉö áóåõãú. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó} [åæÏ: 81] Úóáóì ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáäøóÕúÈö íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóËúäðì ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóÓúÑö ÈöÃóåúáößó} [åæÏ: 81] ßóÃóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ: ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓúÑö ÈöåóÇ. æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÝöÊú ãöäúßõãú ÃóÍóÏñ} [åæÏ: 81] ÅöáøóÇ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóßó Ãóíú ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóÊóáúÊóÝöÊõ ÝóíõÕöíÈõåóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú¡ æóíõÞóæøöí åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÑøóÝúÚö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÃóÙúåóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ: æóÇÓúãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉö áõæØò æóÇáöåóÉõ¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉö äõæÍò æóÇáöÛóÉõ. æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó ÈöåóáóÇßö åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÈõÛóÇÉö ÇáúÚõÊóÇÉö ÇáúãóáúÚõæäöíäó ÇáäøõÙóÑóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóÇåö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÌóÚóáóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÓóáóÝðÇ áößõáøö ÎóÇÆöäò ãõÑöíÈò: {Åöäøó ãóæúÚöÏóåõãõ ÇáÕøõÈúÍõ ÃóáóíúÓó ÇáÕøõÈúÍõ ÈöÞóÑöíÈò} [åæÏ: 81] . ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó áõæØñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÃóåúáöåö¡ æóåõãõ ÇÈúäóÊóÇåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÊúÈóÚúåõ ãöäúåõãú ÑóÌõáñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãóÚóåõ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóáóÕõæÇ ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏöåöãú æóØóáóÚóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó ÔõÑõæÞöåóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãú ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏö ãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÕóÏøó¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó ÃóãóÑõæåõ Ãóäú íóÕúÚóÏó Åöáóì ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúÌóÈóáö ÇáøóÐöí åõäóÇßó ÝóÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏóåõ¡ æóÓóÃóáó ãöäúåõãú Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó Åöáóì ÞóÑúíóÉò ÞóÑöíÈóÉò ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇÐúåóÈú ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóäúÊóÙöÑõßó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÕöíÑó ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÊóÓúÊóÞöÑøó ÝöíåóÇ Ëõãøó äõÍöáøó Èöåöãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÝóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÞóÑúíóÉö ÕõÛóÑó ÇáøóÊöí íóÞõæáõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ: ÛóæúÑõ ÒõÛóÑó. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÔúÑóÞóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ äóÒóáó Èöåöãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇ ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú ÓöÌøöíáò ãóäúÖõæÏò ãõÓóæøóãóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó æóãóÇ åöíó ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 82] .(1/420)
ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇÞúÊóáóÚóåõäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöØóÑóÝö ÌóäóÇÍöåö ãöäú ÞóÑóÇÑöåöäøó¡ æóßõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ãõÏõäò Èöãóäú Ýöíåöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝö äóÓóãóÉò. æóÞöíáó: ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÂáóÇÝö ÃóáúÝö äóÓóãóÉò. æóãóÇ ãóÚóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊúÈóÚõ Êöáúßó ÇáúãõÏõäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑóÇÖöí æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÑóÝóÚó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛó Èöåöäøó ÚóäóÇäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚóÊö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÃóÕúæóÇÊó ÏöíóßóÊöåöãú æóäõÈóÇÍó ßöáóÇÈöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÞóáóÈóåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÝóÌóÚóáó ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæøóáó ãóÇ ÓóÞóØó ãöäúåóÇ ÔõÑõÝóÇÊõåóÇ {æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãöäú ÓöÌøöíáò} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 74] . æóÇáÓøöÌøöíáõ ÝóÇÑöÓöíøñ ãõÚóÑøóÈñ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÔøóÏöíÏõ ÇáÕøõáúÈõ ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ãóäúÖõæÏò Ãóíú íóÊúÈóÚõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÈóÚúÖðÇ Ýöí äõÒõæáöåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãõÓóæøóãóÉð Ãóíú ãõÚóáøóãóÉð ãóßúÊõæÈñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÌúÑò ÇÓúãõ ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÈöØõ Úóáóíúåö ÝóíóÏúãóÛõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ãõÓóæøóãóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó áöáúãõÓúÑöÝöíäó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 34] . æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóãúØóÑúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóØóÑðÇ ÝóÓóÇÁó ãóØóÑõ ÇáúãõäúÐóÑöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 173] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúãõÄúÊóÝößóÉó Ãóåúæóì ÝóÛóÔøóÇåóÇ ãóÇ ÛóÔøóì} [ÇáäÌã: 53]
[ÇáäøóÌúãö: 53 - 54] . íóÚúäöí ÞóáóÈóåóÇ ÝóÃóåúæóì ÈöåóÇ ãõäóßøóÓóÉð ÚóÇáöíóåóÇ ÓóÇÝöáóåóÇ¡ æóÛóÔøóÇåóÇ ÈöãóØóÑò ãöäú ÍöÌóÇÑóÉò ãöäú ÓöÌøöíáò ãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚóÉò ãõÓóæøóãóÉò ãóÑúÞõæãò Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÌóÑò ÇÓúãõ ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóÞóØó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÈóáóÏöåöãú æóÇáúÛóÇÆöÈöíäó ÚóäúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó æóÇáäøóÇÒöÍöíäó æóÇáÔøóÇÐøöíäó ãöäúåóÇ.
æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó áõæØò ãóßóËóÊú ãóÚó ÞóæúãöåóÇ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãóÚó ÒóæúÌöåóÇ æóÈöäúÊóíúåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåóÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊö ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉó æóÓõÞõæØó ÇáúÈóáúÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúÊóÝóÊóÊú Åöáóì ÞóæúãöåóÇ æóÎóÇáóÝóÊú ÃóãúÑó ÑóÈøöåóÇ ÞóÏöíãðÇ æóÍóÏöíËðÇ¡(1/421)
æóÞóÇáóÊú: æóÇÞóæúãóÇåú. ÝóÓóÞóØó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÍóÌúÑñ ÝóÏóãóÛóåóÇ¡ æóÃóáúÍóÞóåóÇ ÈöÞóæúãöåóÇ ÅöÐú ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóì Ïöíäöåöãú¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÚóíúäðÇ áóåõãú Úóáóì ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÚöäúÏó áõæØò ãöäó ÇáÖøöíÝóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ ãóËóáðÇ áöáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÇöãúÑóÃóÉó äõæÍò æóÇãúÑóÃóÉó áõæØò ßóÇäóÊóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÚóÈúÏóíúäö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ ÕóÇáöÍóíúäö ÝóÎóÇäóÊóÇåõãóÇ Ýóáóãú íõÛúäöíóÇ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ æóÞöíáó ÇÏúÎõáóÇ ÇáäøóÇÑó ãóÚó ÇáÏøóÇÎöáöíäó} [ÇáÊÍÑíã: 10] . Ãóíú ÎóÇäóÊóÇåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö Ýóáóãú ÊóÊúÈóÚóÇåõãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ßóÇäóÊóÇ Úóáóì ÝóÇÍöÔóÉò ÍóÇÔóÇ æóßóáøóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÞóÏøöÑõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøò Ãóäú ÊóÈúÛöíó ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö: ãóÇ ÈóÛóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ äóÈöíøò ÞóØøõ. æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÎöáóÇÝó åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÃóÎúØóÃó ÎóØóÃð ßóÈöíÑðÇ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÅöÝúßö áóãøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó Ãõãøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÒóæúÌö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Íöíäó ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÅöÝúßö ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÝóÚóÇÊóÈó Çááøóåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÃóäøóÈó æóÒóÌóÑó¡ æóæóÚóÙó æóÍóÐøóÑó. æóÞóÇáó ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÅöÐú ÊóáóÞøóæúäóåõ ÈöÃóáúÓöäóÊößõãú æóÊóÞõæáõæäó ÈöÃóÝúæóÇåößõãú ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßõãú Èöåö Úöáúãñ æóÊóÍúÓóÈõæäóåõ åóíøöäðÇ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÚóÙöíãñ æóáóæúáóÇ ÅöÐú ÓóãöÚúÊõãõæåõ ÞõáúÊõãú ãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÊóßóáøóãó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó åóÐóÇ ÈõåúÊóÇäñ ÚóÙöíãñ} [ÇáäæÑ: 15] . Ãóíú æóãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉõ ÈöÈóÚöíÏóÉò ãöãøóäú ÃóÔúÈóåóåõãú Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåöãúº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó ãóäú ÐóåóÈó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇááøóÇÆöØó íõÑúÌóãõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãõÍúÕóäðÇ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ(1/422)
ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑòæ¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ãóäú æóÌóÏúÊõãõæåõ íóÚúãóáõ Úóãóáó Þóæúãö áõæØò ÝóÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáó æóÇáúãóÝúÚõæáó Èöåö» . æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇááøóÇÆöØó íõáúÞóì ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò¡ æóíõÊúÈóÚõ ÈöÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝõÚöáó ÈöÞóæúãö áõæØò áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ åöíó ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 83] .
æóÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ãóßóÇäó Êöáúßó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÈóÍúÑóÉð ãõäúÊöäóÉð áóÇ íõäúÊóÝóÚõ ÈöãóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑóÇÖöí ÇáúãõÊóÇÎöãóÉö áöÝöäóÇÆöåóÇ áöÑóÏóÇÁóÊöåóÇ æóÏóäóÇÁóÊöåóÇ¡ ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú ÚöÈúÑóÉð æóãóËõáóÉð¡ æóÚöÙóÉð æóÂíóÉð Úóáóì ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÚóÙóãóÊöåö æóÚöÒøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇäúÊöÞóÇãöåö ãöãøóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÃóãúÑóåõ æóßóÐøóÈó ÑõÓõáóåõ¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚú åóæóÇåõ æóÚóÕóì ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ÅöäúÌóÇÆöåö ÅöíøóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãõåúáößóÇÊö¡ æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåö ÅöíøóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáäøõæÑö Åöáóì ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 8]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 73 - 77] . Ãóíú ãóäú äóÙóÑó ÈöÚóíúäö ÇáúÝöÑóÇÓóÉö æóÇáÊøóæóÓøõãö Ýöíåöãú ßóíúÝó ÛóíøóÑó Çááøóåõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏó æóÃóåúáóåóÇ¿ æóßóíúÝó ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÂåöáóÉð ÚóÇãöÑóÉð åóÇáößóÉð ÛóÇãöÑóÉð¿ ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «ÇÊøóÞóæúÇ ÝöÑóÇÓóÉó ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóäúÙõÑõ ÈöäõæÑö Çááøóåö» . Ëõãøó ÞóÑóÃó: {Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöáúãõÊóæóÓøöãöíäó} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 75] .(1/423)
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÈöÓóÈöíáò ãõÞöíãò} [ÇáÍÌÑ: 76] Ãóíú áóÈöØóÑöíÞò ãóåúíóÚò ãóÓúáõæßò Åöáóì ÇáúÂäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÅöäøóßõãú áóÊóãõÑøõæäó Úóáóíúåöãú ãõÕúÈöÍöíäó æóÈöÇááøóíúáö ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 137]
[ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 35] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóíúÊò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÊóÑóßúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÂíóÉð áöáøóÐöíäó íóÎóÇÝõæäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÃóáöíãó} [ÇáÐÇÑíÇÊ: 35]
[ÇáÐøóÇÑöíóÇÊö: 35 - 37] . Ãóíú ÊóÑóßúäóÇåóÇ ÚöÈúÑóÉð æóÚöÙóÉð áöãóäú ÎóÇÝó ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóÎóÔöíó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäó ÈöÇáúÛóíúÈö¡ æóÎóÇÝó ãóÞóÇãó ÑóÈøöåö æóäóåóì ÇáäøóÝúÓó Úóäö Çáúåóæóì ÝóÇäúÒóÌóÑó Úóäú ãóÍóÇÑöãö Çááøóåö¡ æóÊóÑóßó ãóÚóÇÕöíóåõ æóÎóÇÝó Ãóäú íõÔóÇÈöåó Þóæúãó áõæØò¡ æóãóäú ÊóÔóÈøóåó ÈöÞóæúãò Ýóåõæó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò Ýóãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæõÌõæåöº ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú.
ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóßõæäõæÇ Þóæúãó áõæØò ÈöÚóíúäöåöãú ... ÝóãóÇ Þóæúãõ áõæØò ãöäúßõãú ÈöÈóÚöíÏö
ÝóÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ ÇááøóÈöíÈõ ÇáúÎóÇÆöÝõ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ÇáúÝóÇåöãõ íóãúÊóËöáõ ãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóíóÞúÈóáõ ãóÇ ÃóÑúÔóÏóåõ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ãöäú ÅöÊúíóÇäö ãóÇ ÎõáöÞó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö ÇáúÍóáóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÑöí ãöäó ÇáÓøóÑóÇÑöíøö ÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇáö¡ æóÅöíøóÇåõ Ãóäú íóÊøóÈöÚó ßõáøó ÔóíúØóÇäò ãóÑöíÏò ÝóíóÍöÞøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúæóÚöíÏõ¡ æóíóÏúÎõáó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ åöíó ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 83] .(1/424)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ ãóÏúíóäó Þóæúãö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö Þóæúãö áõæØò: {æóÅöáóì ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú ÝóÃóæúÝõæÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊõÝúÓöÏõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÕúáóÇÍöåóÇ Ðóáößõãú ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÚõÏõæÇ Èößõáøö ÕöÑóÇØò ÊõæÚöÏõæäó æóÊóÕõÏøõæäó Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö æóÊóÈúÛõæäóåóÇ ÚöæóÌðÇ æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ßõäúÊõãú ÞóáöíáðÇ ÝóßóËøóÑóßõãú æóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúßõãú ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõ Èöåö æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áóãú íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÝóÇÕúÈöÑõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÍúßõãó Çááøóåõ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóåõæó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóäõÎúÑöÌóäøóßó íóÇÔõÚóíúÈõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóßó ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊöäóÇ Ãóæú áóÊóÚõæÏõäøó Ýöí ãöáøóÊöäóÇ ÞóÇáó Ãóæóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ßóÇÑöåöíäó ÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Åöäú ÚõÏúäóÇ Ýöí ãöáøóÊößõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú äóÌøóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚõæÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúäóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÝúÊóÍú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÞóæúãöäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍöíäó æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó ÝóÊóæóáøóì Úóäúåõãú æóÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú ÝóßóíúÝó ÂÓóì Úóáóì Þóæúãò ßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 85]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 85 - 93] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö åõæÏò ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö Þóæúãö áõæØò ÃóíúÖðÇ:(1/425)
{æóÅöáóì ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÞõÕõæÇ ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÈöÎóíúÑò æóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ãõÍöíØò æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóæúÝõæÇ ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÚúËóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó ÈóÞöíøóÉõ Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÍóÝöíÙò ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇÔõÚóíúÈõ ÃóÕóáóÇÊõßó ÊóÃúãõÑõßó Ãóäú äóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú äóÝúÚóáó Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáöäóÇ ãóÇ äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóáöíãõ ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÑóÒóÞóäöí ãöäúåõ ÑöÒúÞðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÎóÇáöÝóßõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõ æóãóÇ ÊóæúÝöíÞöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃõäöíÈõ æóíóÇ Þóæúãö áóÇ íóÌúÑöãóäøóßõãú ÔöÞóÇÞöí Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãú ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó Þóæúãó äõæÍò Ãóæú Þóæúãó åõæÏò Ãóæú Þóæúãó ÕóÇáöÍò æóãóÇ Þóæúãõ áõæØò ãöäúßõãú ÈöÈóÚöíÏò æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãú Ëõãøó ÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÑóÍöíãñ æóÏõæÏñ ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇÔõÚóíúÈõ ãóÇ äóÝúÞóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ æóÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇßó ÝöíäóÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ æóáóæúáóÇ ÑóåúØõßó áóÑóÌóãúäóÇßó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÚóÒöíÒò ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÃóÑóåúØöí ÃóÚóÒøõ Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõãõæåõ æóÑóÇÁóßõãú ÙöåúÑöíøðÇ Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ãõÍöíØñ æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúãóáõæÇ Úóáóì ãóßóÇäóÊößõãú Åöäøöí ÚóÇãöáñ ÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ íõÎúÒöíåö æóãóäú åõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ æóÇÑúÊóÞöÈõæÇ Åöäøöí ãóÚóßõãú ÑóÞöíÈñ æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ äóÌøóíúäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäøóÇ æóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöãóÏúíóäó ßóãóÇ ÈóÚöÏóÊú ËóãõæÏõ} [åæÏ: 84]
[ÇáúÍöÌúÑö: 78 - 79] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏó(1/426)
ÞöÕøóÊöåöãú: {ßóÐøóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈñ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÞõæäó Åöäøöí áóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ Ãóãöíäñ ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæäö æóãóÇ ÃóÓúÃóáõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóÌúÑò Åöäú ÃóÌúÑöíó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÃóæúÝõæÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóáóÇ ÊóßõæäõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎúÓöÑöíäó æóÒöäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØóÇÓö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãö æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÚúËóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóÇáúÌöÈöáøóÉó ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõäóÇ æóÅöäú äóÙõäøõßó áóãöäó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÝóÃóÓúÞöØú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ßöÓóÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãö ÇáÙøõáøóÉö Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÉð æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÅöäøó ÑóÈøóßó áóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 176]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 176 - 191] .
ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ãóÏúíóäó ÞóæúãðÇ ÚóÑóÈðÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ãóÏöíäóÊóåõãú ãóÏúíóäó ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÞóÑúíóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ãõÚóÇäò ãöäú ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáÔøóÇãö ãöãøóÇ íóáöí äóÇÍöíóÉó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÒö ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú ÈõÍóíúÑóÉö Þóæúãö áõæØò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöãõÏøóÉò ÞóÑöíÈóÉò¡ æóãóÏúíóäõ ÞóÈöíáóÉñ ÚõÑöÝóÊú Èöåöãõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉõ¡ æóåõãú ãöäú Èóäöí ãóÏúíóäó Èúäö ãÏíóÇäó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÔõÚóíúÈñ äóÈöíøõåõãú åõæó ÇÈúäõ ãíßíáó Èúäö íóÔúÌóäó ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÞóÇáó: æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÈöÇáÓøõÑúíóÇäöíøóÉö: ÈóËúÑõæäõ. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÔõÚóíúÈõ Èúäõ íÔÌäó Èúäö áóÇæöí Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÔõÚóíúÈõ Èúäõ ËóæöíÈó Èúäö ÚóÈóÞóÇ Èúäö(1/427)
ãóÏúíóäó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÔõÚóíúÈõ Èúäõ ÕöíÝõæÑó Èúäö ÚóÈóÞóÇ Èúäö ËóÇÈöÊö Èúäö ãóÏúíóäó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. æóÞöíáó: ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó Ýöí äóÓóÈöåö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó: æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÌóÏøóÊõåõ æóíõÞóÇáõ: Ãõãøõåõ ÈöäúÊõ áõæØò æóßóÇäó ãöãøóäú Âãóäó ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóåóÇÌóÑó ãóÚóåõ æóÏóÎóáó ãóÚóåõ ÏöãóÔúÞó. æóÚóäú æóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÔõÚóíúÈñ æóÈóáúÚóãõ ãöãøóäú Âãóäó ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó íóæúãó ÃõÍúÑöÞó ÈöÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóåóÇÌóÑóÇ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÇãö ÝóÒóæøóÌóåõãóÇ ÈöäúÊóíú áõæØò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ æóÝöí åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö äóÙóÑñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÚõãóÑó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈöÑøö Ýöí " ÇáöÇÓúÊöíÚóÇÈö " Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö «ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÚóäóÒöíøö: ÞóÏöãó Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóÇäúÊóÓóÈó Åöáóì ÚóäóÒóÉó ÝóÞóÇáó: äöÚúãó ÇáúÍóíøõ ÚóäóÒóÉõ ãóÈúÛöíøñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ãóäúÕõæÑõæäó¡ Þóæúãõ ÔõÚóíúÈò æóÃóÎúÊóÇäõ ãõæÓóì» . Ýóáóæú ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ áóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÕöåúÑõ ãõæÓóì¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÈóÉö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: ÚóäóÒóÉõ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú ÚóäóÒóÉó Èúäö ÃóÓóÏö Èúäö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö äöÒóÇÑö Èúäö ãóÚúÏøö Èúäö ÚóÏúäóÇäó ÝóÅöäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöÏóåúÑò Øóæöíáò¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÝöí ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ÇÈúäö ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö æóÇáÑøõÓõáö ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöº åõæÏñ¡ æóÕóÇáöÍñ¡ æóÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ æóäóÈöíøõßó íóÇ(1/428)
ÃóÈóÇ ÐóÑøò» . æóßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö íõÓóãøöí ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÎóØöíÈó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ íóÚúäöí áöÝóÕóÇÍóÊöåö æóÚõáõæøö ÚöÈóÇÑóÊöåö æóÈóáóÇÛóÊöåö Ýöí ÏöÚóÇíóÉö Þóæúãöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò¡ Úóäú ÌõæóíúÈöÑò¡ æóãõÞóÇÊöáò¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÞóÇáó: ÐóÇßó ÎóØöíÈõ ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö.»
æóßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ãóÏúíóäó ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ íóÞúØóÚõæäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáó¡ æóíõÎöíÝõæäó ÇáúãóÇÑøóÉó¡ æóíóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÇáúÃóíúßóÉó¡ æóåöíó ÔóÌóÑóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóíúßö ÍóæúáóåóÇ ÛóíúÖóÉñ ãõáúÊóÝøóÉñ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÓõæÁö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãõÚóÇãóáóÉð íóÈúÎóÓõæäó ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó¡ æóíõØóÝøöÝõæäó ÝöíåöãóÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó ÈöÇáÒøóÇÆöÏö¡ æóíóÏúÝóÚõæäó ÈöÇáäøóÇÞöÕö ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÔõÚóíúÈñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝóÇÚöíáö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍóÉö ãöäú ÈóÎúÓö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú¡ æóÅöÎóÇÝóÊöåöãú áóåõãú Ýöí ÓõÈõáöåöãú æóØõÑõÞóÇÊöåöãú¡ ÝóÂãóäó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ æóßóÝóÑó ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ Èöåöãõ ÇáúÈóÃúÓó ÇáÔøóÏöíÏó¡ æóåõæó Çáúæóáöíøõ ÇáúÍóãöíÏõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöáóì ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãóÇ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÇÁóÊúßõãú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 85] . Ãóíú ÏóáóÇáóÉñ æóÍõÌøóÉñ æóÇÖöÍóÉñ¡ æóÈõÑúåóÇäñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞö ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõßõãú Èöåö. æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóÑúÓóáóäöí¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÃóÌúÑóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóãú ÊõäúÞóáú ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÞóÏú Ïóáøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ.
{ÝóÃóæúÝõæÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊõÝúÓöÏõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÕúáóÇÍöåóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 85] . ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäö ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ æóÊóæóÚøóÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÇáó:(1/429)
{Ðóáößõãú ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÚõÏõæÇ Èößõáøö ÕöÑóÇØò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 85] . Ãóíú ØóÑöíÞò ÊõæÚöÏõæäó Ãóíú ÊóÊóæóÚøóÏõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ãöäú ãõßõæÓò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÊõÎöíÝõæäó ÇáÓøõÈõáó ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÚõÏõæÇ Èößõáøö ÕöÑóÇØò ÊõæÚöÏõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 86] . Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúÎõÐõæäó ÇáúÚõÔõæÑó ãöäú ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáúãóÇÑøóÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ Èúäõ ÈöÔúÑò¡ Úóäú ÌõæóíúÈöÑò¡ Úóäö ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ØõÛóÇÉð ÈõÛóÇÉð íóÌúáöÓõæäó Úóáóì ÇáØøóÑöíÞö íóÈúÎóÓõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóÚúäöí íóÚúÔõÑõæäóåõãú¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ Ãóæøóáó ãóäú Óóäøó Ðóáößó {æóÊóÕõÏøõæäó Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö æóÊóÈúÛõæäóåóÇ ÚöæóÌðÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 86] . ÝóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÞóØúÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö {æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ ÅöÐú ßõäúÊõãú ÞóáöíáðÇ ÝóßóËøóÑóßõãú æóÇäúÙõÑõæÇ ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 86] . ÐóßøóÑóåõãú ÈöäöÚúãóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÊóßúËöíÑöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÞöáøóÉö¡ æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãú äöÞúãóÉó Çááøóåö Èöåöãú Åöäú ÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóÑúÔóÏóåõãú Åöáóíúåö æóÏóáøóåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóäúÞõÕõæÇ ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇßõãú ÈöÎóíúÑò æóÅöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ãõÍöíØò} [åæÏ: 84] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÑúßóÈõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Úóáóíúåö æóÊóÓúÊóãöÑøõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíóãúÍóÞó Çááøóåõ ÈóÑóßóÉó ãóÇ Ýöí ÃóíúÏöíßõãú æóíõÝúÞöÑóßõãú¡ æóíõÐúåöÈó ãóÇ Èöåö íõÛúäöíßõãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõÖóÇÝñ Åöáóì ÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóãóäú ÌõãöÚó áóåõ åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóÇÁó ÈöÇáÕøóÝúÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑóÉö¡ ÝóäóåóÇåõãú ÃóæøóáðÇ Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí ãóÇ áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúÝöíÝö¡ æóÍóÐøóÑóåõãú ÓóáúÈó äöÚúãóÉö Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõãú¡ æóÚóÐóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÃóáöíãó Ýöí ÃõÎúÑóÇåõãú¡ æóÚóäøóÝóåõãú ÃóÔóÏøó ÊóÚúäöíÝò¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÂãöÑðÇ ÈóÚúÏóãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóäú ÖöÏøöåö ÒóÇÌöÑðÇ:(1/430)
{æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóæúÝõæÇ ÇáúãößúíóÇáó æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóáóÇ ÊóÈúÎóÓõæÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÃóÔúíóÇÁóåõãú æóáóÇ ÊóÚúËóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ãõÝúÓöÏöíäó ÈóÞöíøóÉõ Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÍóÝöíÙò} [åæÏ: 85] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: {ÈóÞöíøóÉõ Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú} [åæÏ: 86] . Ãóíú ÑöÒúÞõ Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÎúÐö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÊøóØúÝöíÝö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ãóÇ ÝóÖóáó áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøöÈúÍö ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÁö Çáúßóíúáö¡ æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÎúÐö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÇáÊøóØúÝöíÝö. ÞóÇáó: æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó åóÐóÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ æóÍóßóÇåõ ÍóÓóäñ¡ æóåõæó ÔóÈöíåñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú áóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí ÇáúÎóÈöíËõ æóÇáØøóíøöÈõ æóáóæú ÃóÚúÌóÈóßó ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈöíËö} [ÇáãÇÆÏÉ: 100] . íóÚúäöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóáöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÍóáóÇáö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú ãöäó ÇáúßóËöíÑö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóáóÇáó ãõÈóÇÑóßñ æóÅöäú Þóáøó¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãó ãóãúÍõæÞñ æóÅöäú ßóËõÑó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóãúÍóÞõ Çááøóåõ ÇáÑøöÈóÇ æóíõÑúÈöí ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 276] . æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó ÇáÑøöÈóÇ æóÅöäú ßóËõÑó ÝóÅöäøó ãóÕöíÑóåõ Åöáóì Þõáøò» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ãóíú Åöáóì ÞöáøóÉò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÇáúÈóíøöÚóÇäö ÈöÇáúÎöíóÇÑö ãóÇ áóãú íóÊóÝóÑøóÞóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÏóÞóÇ¡ æóÈóíøóäóÇ ÈõæÑößó áóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÈóíúÚöåöãóÇ¡ æóÅöäøó ßóÊóãóÇ¡ æóßóÐóÈóÇ ãõÍöÞóÊú ÈóÑóßóÉõ ÈóíúÚöåöãóÇ» .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöÈúÍó ÇáúÍóáóÇáó ãõÈóÇÑóßñ Ýöíåö æóÅöäøó Þóáøó¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãó áóÇ íõÌúÏöí æóÅöäú ßóËõÑóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÔõÚóíúÈñ: {ÈóÞöíøóÉõ Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ áóßõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó} [åæÏ: 86] . æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÍóÝöíÙò} [åæÏ: 86] . Ãóíö ÇÝúÚóáõæÇ ãóÇ ÂãõÑõßõãú Èöåö ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó æóÌúåö Çááøóåö¡ æóÑóÌóÇÁó ËóæóÇÈöåö áóÇ áöÃóÑóÇßõãú ÃóäóÇ æóÛóíúÑöí {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈõ ÃóÕóáóÇÊõßó ÊóÃúãõÑõßó Ãóäú äóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú äóÝúÚóáó Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáöäóÇ ãóÇ äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóáöíãõ ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ} [åæÏ: 87] . íóÞõæáõæäó åóÐóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöåúÒóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö æóÇáÊøóåóßøõãö: ÃóÕóáóæóÇÊõßó åóÐöåö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõÕóáøöíåóÇ(1/431)
åöíó ÇáúÂãöÑóÉõ áóßó ÈöÃóäú ÊóÍúÌõÑó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÈõÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Åöáóåóßó¡ æóäóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ ÇáúÃóÞúÏóãõæäó æóÃóÓúáóÇÝõäóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó¡ Ãóæú ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÊóÚóÇãóáõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÑúÊóÖöíåö ÃóäúÊó¡ æóäóÊúÑõßõ ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÃúÈóÇåóÇ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ äóÍúäõ äóÑúÖóÇåóÇ {Åöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóáöíãõ ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ} [åæÏ: 87] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãóíúãõæäõ Èúäõ ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: íóÞõæáõæäó Ðóáößó - ÃóÚúÏóÇÁõ Çááøóåö - Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöåúÒóÇÁö.
{ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí æóÑóÒóÞóäöí ãöäúåõ ÑöÒúÞðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÎóÇáöÝóßõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõ æóãóÇ ÊóæúÝöíÞöí ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃõäöíÈõ} [åæÏ: 88] . åóÐóÇ ÊóáóØøõÝñ ãóÚóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÏóÚúæóÉñ áóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÃóÈúíóäö ÅöÔóÇÑóÉò íóÞõæáõ áóåõãú: ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈõæäó Åöäú ßõäúÊõ Úóáóì ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöí Ãóíú Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò Èóíøöäò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑúÓóáóäöí Åöáóíúßõãú {æóÑóÒóÞóäöí ãöäúåõ ÑöÒúÞðÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ} [åæÏ: 88] . íóÚúäöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó íóÚúäöí¡ æóÚóãøóì Úóáóíúßõãú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊóåóÇ ÝóÃóíøõ ÍöíáóÉò áöí Èößõãú¿ æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Úóäú äõæÍò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö ÓóæóÇÁð.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÎóÇáöÝóßõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ} [åæÏ: 88] . Ãóíú áóÓúÊõ ÂãõÑõßõãú ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÅöáøóÇ æóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ÝóÇÚöáò áóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóåóíúÊõßõãú Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÝóÃóäóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÊúÑõßõåõ¡ æóåóÐöåö åöíó ÇáÕøöÝóÉõ ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏóÉõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉõ æóÖöÏøõåóÇ åöíó ÇáúãóÑúÏõæÏóÉõ ÇáÐøóãöíãóÉõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóáóÈøóÓó ÈöåóÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÒóãóÇäöåöãú¡ æóÎõØóÈóÇÄõåõãõ ÇáúÌóÇåöáõæäó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÈöÇáúÈöÑøö æóÊóäúÓóæúäó ÃóäúÝõÓóßõãú æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÊúáõæäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÃóÝóáóÇ ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 44] . æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «íõÄúÊóì ÈöÇáÑøóÌõáö ÝóíõáúÞóì Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóÊóäúÏóáöÞõ ÃóÞúÊóÇÈõ ÈóØúäöåö. Ãóíú(1/432)
ÊóÎúÑõÌõ ÃóãúÚóÇÄõåõ ãöäú ÈóØúäöåö» «ÝóíóÏõæÑõ ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÏõæÑõ ÇáúÍöãóÇÑõ ÈöÑóÍóÇåõ ÝóíóÌúÊóãöÚõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáäøóÇÑö ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó: íóÇ ÝõáóÇäõ ãóÇáóßó Ãóáóãú Êóßõäú ÊóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö¡ æóÊóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: Èóáóì ßõäúÊõ ÂãõÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóáóÇ ÂÊöíåö¡ æóÃóäúåóì Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö æóÂÊöíåö» . æóåóÐöåö ÕöÝóÉõ ãõÎóÇáöÝöí ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÌøóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóÔúÞöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÌóÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóáöÈøóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÎúÔóæúäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÈöÇáúÛóíúÈö ÝóÍóÇáõåõãú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÔõÚóíúÈñ: {æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõÎóÇáöÝóßõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóØóÚúÊõ} [åæÏ: 88] . Ãóíú ãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóãúÑöí ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÅöÕúáóÇÍó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚóÇáö æóÇáúãóÞóÇáö ÈöÌõåúÏöí æóØóÇÞóÊöí {æóãóÇ ÊóæúÝöíÞöí} [åæÏ: 88] Ãóíú Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÍúæóÇáöí {ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÅöáóíúåö ÃõäöíÈõ} [åæÏ: 88] . Ãóíú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÊóæóßøóáõ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóÅöáóíúåö ãóÑúÌöÚöí æóãóÕöíÑöí Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóãúÑöí¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÞóÇãõ ÊóÑúÛöíÈò¡ Ëõãøó ÇäúÊóÞóáó Åöáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóíóÇ Þóæúãö áóÇ íóÌúÑöãóäøóßõãú ÔöÞóÇÞöí Ãóäú íõÕöíÈóßõãú ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó Þóæúãó äõæÍò Ãóæú Þóæúãó åõæÏò Ãóæú Þóæúãó ÕóÇáöÍò æóãóÇ Þóæúãõ áõæØò ãöäúßõãú ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 89] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÍúãöáóäøóßõãú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöí æóÈõÛúÖõßõãú ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõßõãú Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑö Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáößõãú æóÌóåúáößõãú æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊößõãú ÝóíõÍöáøó Çááøóåõ Èößõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö æóÇáäøóßóÇáö äóÙöíÑó ãóÇ ÃóÍóáøóåõ ÈöäõÙóÑóÇÆößõãú æóÃóÔúÈóÇåößõãú ãöäú Þóæúãö äõæÍò¡ æóÞóæúãö åõæÏò¡ æóÞóæúãö ÕóÇáöÍò ãöäó ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈöíäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóãóÇ Þóæúãõ áõæØò ãöäúßõãú ÈöÈóÚöíÏò} [åæÏ: 89] . Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóÇäö Ãóíú ãóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóåúÏö ãöäú ÞöÏóãò ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú ÈóáóÛóßõãú ãóÇ ÃóÍóáøó Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåöãú¡ æóÚõÊõæøöåöãú. æóÞöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ æóãóÇ åõãú ãöäúßõãú ÈöÈóÚöíÏò Ýöí ÇáúãóÍóáøóÉö æóÇáúãóßóÇäö. æóÞöíáó: Ýöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóÍóÇÊö ãöäú ÞóØúÚö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóÃóÎúÐö ÃóãúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÌóåúÑóÉð¡ æóÎõÝúíóÉð ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÍöíóáö æóÇáÔøõÈõåóÇÊö. æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ãõãúßöäñ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÈóÚöíÏöíäó ãöäúåõãú áóÇ ÒóãóÇäðÇ æóáóÇ ãóßóÇäðÇ æóáóÇ ÕöÝóÇÊò. Ëõãøó ãóÒóÌó ÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈó ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö ÝóÞóÇáó:(1/433)
{æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãú Ëõãøó ÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÑóÍöíãñ æóÏõæÏñ} [åæÏ: 90] . Ãóíú ÃóÞúáöÚõæÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö¡ æóÊõæÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøößõãõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãö ÇáúæóÏõæÏö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú ÊóÇÈó Åöáóíúåö ÊóÇÈó Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÑóÍöíãñ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÃóÑúÍóãõ Èöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúæóÇáöÏóÉö ÈöæóáóÏöåóÇ æóÏõæÏñ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÈöíÈõ¡ æóáóæú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏöåö¡ æóáóæú ãöäó ÇáúãõæÈöÞóÇÊö ÇáúÚöÙóÇãö
. {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈõ ãóÇ äóÝúÞóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ æóÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇßó ÝöíäóÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ} [åæÏ: 91] . Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáËøóæúÑöíøö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ßóÇäó ÖóÑöíÑó ÇáúÈóÕóÑö. æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò ãóÑúÝõæÚò Ãóäøóåõ «Èóßóì ãöäú ÍõÈøö Çááøóåö ÍóÊøóì Úóãöíó ÝóÑóÏøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈóÕóÑóåõ. æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈõ ÃóÊóÈúßöí ÎóæúÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö Ãóæú ãöäú ÔóæúÞößó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóáú ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÊößó ÝóÅöÐóÇ äóÙóÑúÊõ Åöáóíúßó ÝóáóÇ ÃõÈóÇáöí ãóÇÐóÇ íõÕúäóÚõ Èöí. ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö: åóäöíÆðÇ áóßó íóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈõ áöÞóÇÆöí ÝóáöÐóáößó ÃóÎóÏóãúÊõßó ãõæÓóì Èúäó ÚöãúÑóÇäó ßóáöíãöí.» ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÝóÊúÍö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò ÇáúßõæÝöíøö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÈõäúÏóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáÑøóãúáöíøö¡ Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÚóãøóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Èúäö ÚóíøóÇÔò¡ Úóäú ÈóÍöíÑö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÔóÏøóÇÏö Èúäö ÃóæúÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöäóÍúæöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÎóØöíÈõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõãú: {æóáóæúáóÇ ÑóåúØõßó áóÑóÌóãúäóÇßó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÚóÒöíÒò} [åæÏ: 91] .(1/434)
æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ßõÝúÑöåöãõ ÇáúÈóáöíÛö æóÚöäóÇÏöåöãõ ÇáÔøóäöíÚö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ãóÇ äóÝúÞóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ} [åæÏ: 91] . Ãóíú ãóÇ äóÝúåóãõåõ æóáóÇ äóÊóÚóÞøóáõåõ áöÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÍöÈøõåõ æóáóÇ äõÑöíÏõåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó áóäóÇ åöãøóÉñ Åöáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÅöÞúÈóÇáñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ßõÝøóÇÑõ ÞõÑóíúÔò áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó {æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÞõáõæÈõäóÇ Ýöí ÃóßöäøóÉò ãöãøóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæäóÇ Åöáóíúåö æóÝöí ÂÐóÇäöäóÇ æóÞúÑñ æóãöäú ÈóíúäöäóÇ æóÈóíúäößó ÍöÌóÇÈñ ÝóÇÚúãóáú ÅöäøóäóÇ ÚóÇãöáõæäó} [ÝÕáÊ: 5] . æóÞóæúáõåõãú: {æóÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇßó ÝöíäóÇ ÖóÚöíÝðÇ} [åæÏ: 91] . Ãóíú ãõÖúØóåóÏðÇ ãóåúÌõæÑðÇ {æóáóæúáóÇ ÑóåúØõßó} [åæÏ: 91] Ãóíú: ÞóÈöíáóÊõßó æóÚóÔöíÑóÊõßó ÝöíäóÇ {áóÑóÌóãúäóÇßó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÚóÒöíÒò ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÃóÑóåúØöí ÃóÚóÒøõ Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö} [åæÏ: 91] . Ãóíú ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó ÞóÈöíáóÊöí æóÚóÔöíÑóÊöí æóÊõÑóÇÚõæäöí ÈöÓóÈóÈöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó ÌóäóÈóÉó Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÑúÚóæúäöí áöÃóäøöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÝóÕóÇÑó ÑóåúØöí ÃóÚóÒøó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö {æóÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõãõæåõ æóÑóÇÁóßõãú ÙöåúÑöíøðÇ} [åæÏ: 92] . Ãóíú ÌóÚóáúÊõãú ÌóÇäöÈó Çááøóåö æóÑóÇÁó ÙõåõæÑößõãú {Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó ãõÍöíØñ} [åæÏ: 92] . Ãóíú åõæó Úóáöíãñ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäóåõ æóãóÇ ÊóÕúäóÚõæäóåõ ãõÍöíØñ ÈöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ æóÓóíóÌúÒöíßõãú Úóáóíúåö íóæúãó ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö {æóíóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÚúãóáõæÇ Úóáóì ãóßóÇäóÊößõãú Åöäøöí ÚóÇãöáñ ÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ íõÎúÒöíåö æóãóäú åõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ æóÇÑúÊóÞöÈõæÇ Åöäøöí ãóÚóßõãú ÑóÞöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 93] . æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑõ ÊóåúÏöíÏò ÔóÏöíÏò æóæóÚöíÏò ÃóßöíÏò ÈöÃóäú íóÓúÊóãöÑøõæÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÊöåöãú æóãóäúåóÌöåöãú æóÔóÇßöáóÊöåöãú ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãóäú Êóßõæäõ áóåõ ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ æóãóäú íóÍöáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúåóáóÇßõ æóÇáúÈóæóÇÑõ {ãóäú íóÃúÊöíåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ íõÎúÒöíåö} [åæÏ: 39] . Ãóíú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ {æóíóÍöáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõÞöíãñ} [åæÏ: 39] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì {æóãóäú åõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ} [åæÏ: 93] . Ãóíú ãöäøöí æóãöäúßõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÈóÔøóÑó æóÍóÐøóÑó {æóÇÑúÊóÞöÈõæÇ Åöäøöí ãóÚóßõãú ÑóÞöíÈñ} [åæÏ: 93] . æóåóÐóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö:(1/435)
{æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäúßõãú ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõ Èöåö æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áóãú íõÄúãöäõæÇ ÝóÇÕúÈöÑõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÍúßõãó Çááøóåõ ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóåõæó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóäõÎúÑöÌóäøóßó íóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈõ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóßó ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊöäóÇ Ãóæú áóÊóÚõæÏõäøó Ýöí ãöáøóÊöäóÇ ÞóÇáó Ãóæóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ßóÇÑöåöíäó ÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Åöäú ÚõÏúäóÇ Ýöí ãöáøóÊößõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú äóÌøóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚõæÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúäóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÝúÊóÍú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÞóæúãöäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 87] . ØóáóÈõæÇ ÈöÒóÚúãöåöãú Ãóäú íóÑõÏøõæÇ ãóäú Âãóäõ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ãöáøóÊöåöãú ÝóÇäúÊóÕóÈó ÔõÚóíúÈñ áöáúãõÍóÇÌøóÉö Úóäú Þóæúãöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {Ãóæóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ßóÇÑöåöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 88] . Ãóíú åóÄõáóÇÁö áóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúßõãõ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÚõæÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö Åöäú ÚóÇÏõæÇ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÑðÇ ãõßúÑóåöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóØóÊú ÈóÔóÇÔóÊõåõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈó áóÇ íóÓúÎóØõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóäú íóÒõæáó Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÍöíÏó áöÃóÍóÏò ãöäúåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏö ÇÝúÊóÑóíúäóÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Åöäú ÚõÏúäóÇ Ýöí ãöáøóÊößõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÐú äóÌøóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ãöäúåóÇ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ áóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÚõæÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõäóÇ æóÓöÚó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÚöáúãðÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóæóßøóáúäóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 89] . Ãóíú Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝöíäóÇ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÇÕöãõ áóäóÇ æóÅöáóíúåö ãóáúÌóÄõäóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóãúÑöäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÝúÊóÍó Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö æóÇÓúÊóäúÕóÑó ÑóÈøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÊóÚúÌöíáö ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõæäóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÇÝúÊóÍú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÞóæúãöäóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÃóäúÊó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 89] . Ãóíö ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÝóÏóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÏõÚóÇÁó ÑõÓõáöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóäúÕóÑõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÌóÍóÏõæåõ æóßóÝóÑõæåõ¡ æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÎóÇáóÝõæåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÕóãøóãõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõãú Úóáóíúåö ãõÔúÊóãöáõæäó¡ æóÈöåö ãõÓúÊóãúÓößõæäó {æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 90] .
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 91] . ÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãú(1/436)
ÑóÌúÝóÉñ Ãóíú ÑóÌóÝóÊú Èöåöãú ÃóÑúÖõåõãú¡ æóÒõáúÒöáóÊú ÒöáúÒóÇáðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ ÃóÒúåóÞóÊú ÃóÑúæóÇÍóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÌúÓóÇÏöåóÇ¡ æóÕóíøóÑóÊú ÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö ÃóÑúÖöåöãú ßóÌóãóÇÏöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÕúÈóÍóÊú ÌõËøóÊõåõãú ÌóÇËöíóÉð áóÇ ÃóÑúæóÇÍó ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÍóÑóßóÇÊò ÈöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÍóæóÇÓøó áóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóäúæóÇÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö æóÕõäõæÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóËõáóÇÊö¡ æóÃóÔúßóÇáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ ÇÊøóÕóÝõæÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÞóÈöíÍö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÑóÌúÝóÉð ÔóÏöíÏóÉð ÃóÓúßóäóÊö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö¡ æóÕóíúÍóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð ÃóÎúãóÏóÊö ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊó¡ æóÙõáøóÉð ÃóÑúÓóáó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäúåóÇ ÔóÑóÑó ÇáäøóÇÑö ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÑúÌóÇÆöåóÇ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÊö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõ ÓöíóÇÞóåóÇ æóíõæóÇÝöÞõ ØöÈóÇÞóåóÇ Ýöí ÓöíóÇÞö ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö ÃóÑóÌóÝõæÇ äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈóåõ¡ æóÊóæóÚøóÏõæåõãú ÈöÇáúÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÊöåöãú Ãóæú áóíóÚõæÏõäøó Ýöí ãöáøóÊöåöãú ÑóÇÌöÚöíäó ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 91] . ÝóÞóÇÈóáó ÇáúÅöÑúÌóÇÝó ÈöÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöÎóÇÝóÉó ÈöÇáúÎöíÝóÉö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãõäóÇÓöÈñ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö¡ æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãóåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö åõæÏò ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ áöäóÈöíøö Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóåóßøõãö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöåúÒóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö: {ÃóÕóáóÇÊõßó ÊóÃúãõÑõßó Ãóäú äóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ íóÚúÈõÏõ ÂÈóÇÄõäóÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú äóÝúÚóáó Ýöí ÃóãúæóÇáöäóÇ ãóÇ äóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó ÇáúÍóáöíãõ ÇáÑøóÔöíÏõ} [åæÏ: 87] . ÝóäóÇÓóÈó Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉó ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ßóÇáÒøóÌúÑö Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö ÇáøóÐöí ÌóåøóáõæÇ Èöåö åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÇáúßóÑöíãó ÇáúÃóãöíäó ÇáúÝóÕöíÍó ÝóÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ÕóíúÍóÉñ ÃóÓúßóÊóÊúåõãú ãóÚó ÑóÌúÝóÉò ÃóÓúßóäóÊúåõãú. æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÎóÐóåõãú {ÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãö ÇáÙøõáøóÉö} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 189] . æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÅöÌóÇÈóÉð áöãóÇ ØóáóÈõæÇ¡ æóÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÑóÛöÈõæÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ:(1/437)
{ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÍøóÑöíäó æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõäóÇ æóÅöäú äóÙõäøõßó áóãöäó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÝóÃóÓúÞöØú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ßöÓóÝðÇ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 185] .
æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ßóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÃõãøóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì ÛóíúÑõ Ãóåúáö ãóÏúíóäó ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÚõãúÏóÊõåõãú ÔóíúÆóÇäöº ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: {ßóÐøóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈñ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 176] . æóáóãú íóÞõáú: ÃóÎõæåõãú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÅöáóì ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ} [åæÏ: 84] . æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÚóÐóÇÈóåõãú Èöíóæúãö ÇáÙøõáøóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉó¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉó. æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúáöåö: {ßóÐøóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 176] º áöÃóäøóåõ æóÕóÝóåõãú ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÝóáóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõ ÐößúÑõ ÇáúÃõÎõæøóÉö åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóáóãøóÇ äóÓóÈóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÉö ÓóÇÛó ÐößúÑõ ÔõÚóíúÈò ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÎõæåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÝóÇÆöÓö ÇááøóØöíÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒóÉö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝóÉö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõåõãú Èöíóæúãö ÇáÙøõáøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÏóáöíáðÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃõãøóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýóáúíóßõäú ÊóÚúÏóÇÏõ ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö ÈöÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøóíúÍóÉö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃõãøóÊóÇäö ÃõÎúÑóíóÇäö¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ íóÝúåóãõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÃúäö ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÑóÏóåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÔóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó Èúäö åöÔóÇãò¡(1/438)
Úóäú åöÔóÇãö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ Úóäú ÔóÞöíÞö Èúäö ÃóÈöí åöáóÇáò¡ Úóäú ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäö ÓóíúÝò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ «. Åöäøó ãóÏúíóäó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ÃõãøóÊóÇäö ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ» . ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ¡ æóÝöí ÑöÌóÇáöåö ãóäú Êõßõáøöãó Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ íóæúãó ÇáúíóÑúãõæßö ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáÒøóÇãöáóÊóíúäö ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóÐóãøóÉö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ãóÏúíóäó ãöäó ÇáÊøóØúÝöíÝö Ýöí ÇáúãößúíóÇáö æóÇáúãöíÒóÇäö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃõãøóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö¡ æóÐóßóÑó Ýöí ßõáøö ãóæúÖöÚò ãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÃóÎóÐóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãö ÇáÙøõáøóÉö Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÚóÐóÇÈó íóæúãò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 189] . ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÕóÇÈóåõãú ÍóÑøñ ÔóÏöíÏñ¡ æóÃóÓúßóäó Çááøóåõ åõÈõæÈó ÇáúåóæóÇÁö Úóäúåõãú ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò ÝóßóÇäó áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõåõãú ãóÚó Ðóáößó ãóÇÁñ æóáóÇ Ùöáøñ æóáóÇ ÏõÎõæáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúÑóÇÈö¡ ÝóåóÑóÈõæÇ ãöäú ãóÍóáøóÊöåöãú Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÑøöíøóÉö ÝóÃóÙóáøóÊúåõãú ÓóÍóÇÈóÉñ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚõæÇ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ áöíóÓúÊóÙöáøõæÇ ÈöÙöáøöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóßóÇãóáõæÇ Ýöíåö ÃóÑúÓóáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÊóÑúãöíåöãú ÈöÔóÑóÑò æóÔõåõÈò ãöäú äóÇÑò¡ æóÑóÌóÝóÊú Èöåöãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊúåõãú ÕóíúÍóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ÝóÃóÒúåóÞóÊö ÇáúÃóÑúæóÇÍó æóÎóÑøóÈóÊö ÇáúÃóÔúÈóÇÍó {ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 91] . æóäóÌøóì Çááøóåõ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì æóåõæó ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó:(1/439)
{æóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóãúÑõäóÇ äóÌøóíúäóÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÉò ãöäøóÇ æóÃóÎóÐóÊö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ÇáÕøóíúÍóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏöíóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏðÇ áöãóÏúíóäó ßóãóÇ ÈóÚöÏóÊú ËóãõæÏõ} [åæÏ: 94] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåöãú ÌóÇËöãöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÃóäú áóãú íóÛúäóæúÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÎóÇÓöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 90] . æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö Þóæúáöåöãú: {áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Åöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 90] Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú äóÈöíøöåöãú Ãóäøóåõ äóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ãõæóÈøöÎðÇ æóãõÄóäøöÈðÇ æóãõÞóÑøöÚðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú ÝóßóíúÝó ÂÓóì Úóáóì Þóæúãò ßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 93] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäúåõãú ãõæóáøöíðÇ Úóäú ãóÍóáøóÊöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó åóáóÇßöåöãú ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {íóÇ Þóæúãö áóÞóÏú ÃóÈúáóÛúÊõßõãú ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊö ÑóÈøöí æóäóÕóÍúÊõ áóßõãú} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 93] . Ãóíú ÞóÏú ÃóÏøóíúÊõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíøó ãöäó ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö ÇáÊøóÇãøö æóÇáäøõÕúÍö ÇáúßóÇãöáö¡ æóÍóÑóÕúÊõ Úóáóì åöÏóÇíóÊößõãú Èößõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÊóæóÕøóáõ Åöáóíúåö Ýóáóãú íóäúÝóÚúßõãú Ðóáößóº áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóåúÏöí ãóäú íõÖöáøõ¡ æóãóÇ áóåõãú ãöäú äóÇÕöÑöíäó¡ ÝóáóÓúÊõ ÃóÊóÃóÓøóÝõ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú áöÃóäøóßõãú áóãú ÊóßõæäõæÇ ÊóÞúÈóáõæäó ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÝóÖöíÍóÉöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÝóßóíúÝó ÂÓóì} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 93] Ãóíú ÃóÍúÒóäõ {Úóáóì Þóæúãò ßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 93] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÞúÈóáõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÑúÌöÚõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóáúÊóÝöÊõæäó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÍóáøó Èöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÃúÓö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÑóÏøõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÏóÇÝóÚõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÍöíÏó áöÃóÍóÏò ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóäóÇÕó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. æóÚóäú æóåúÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò Ãóäøó ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÇÊó ÈöãóßøóÉó æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÞõÈõæÑõåõãú ÛóÑúÈöíøó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö Èóíúäó ÏóÇÑö ÇáäøóÏúæóÉö æóÏóÇÑö Èóäöí Óóåúãò.(1/440)
[ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
[ÐößúÑõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÞöÕøóÊóåõ ãóÚó Þóæúãöåö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ Âáó Åöáóíúåö ÃóãúÑõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÇáÊøóÍöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÅößúÑóÇãõ¡ æóÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ãöäú ÞöÕøóÉö Þóæúãö áõæØò¡ æóÃóÊúÈóÚúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÞöÕøóÉö ãóÏúíóäó Þóæúãö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÑöíäóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö Þóæúãö áõæØò ÞöÕøóÉó ãóÏúíóäó¡ æóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ ÝóÐóßóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áóåóÇ ÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁð ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ Ëõãøó äóÔúÑóÚõ ÇáúÂäó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõº áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÌóÚóáó Ýöí ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó æóÇáúßöÊóÇÈó¡ Ýóßõáøõ äóÈöíøò ÃõÑúÓöáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýóãöäú æóáóÏöåö.(1/441)
ÐößúÑõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áöáúÎóáöíáö Èóäõæäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ¡ æóáóßöäøó ÃóÔúåóÑóåõãõ ÇáúÃóÎóæóÇäö ÇáäøóÈöíøóÇäö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÇäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáóÇäö ÃóÓóäøõåõãóÇ æóÃóÌóáøõåõãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈößúÑõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö ãöäú åóÇÌóÑó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøóÉö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÌóáöíáö¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÐøóÈöíÍó åõæó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ãöäú äóÞóáóÉö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÏøóáõæÇ æóÍóÑøóÝõæÇ æóÃóæøóáõæÇ ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉó æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáó æóÎóÇáóÝõæÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíåöãú Ýöí åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÃõãöÑó ÈöÐóÈúÍö æóáóÏöåö ÇáúÈößúÑö¡ æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ÇáúæóÍöíÏö. æóÃóíøðÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýóåõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ ÈöäóÕøö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÝóÝöí äóÕøö ßöÊóÇÈöåöãú Åöäøó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æõáöÏó æóáöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõÑö ÓöÊøñ æóËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æõáöÏó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÖöíøö ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò ãöäú ÚõãõÑö ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ ÝóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ åõæó ÇáúÈößúÑõ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæóÍöíÏõ ÕõæÑóÉð æóãóÚúäðì Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáóÉò ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÍúÏóåõ æóáóÏóåõ ÃóÒúíóÏó ãöäú ËóáóÇËó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ æóÍöíÏñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóÅöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí åóÇÌóÑó Èöåö ÃóÈõæåõ æóãóÚóåõ Ãõãøõåõ åóÇÌóÑõ æóßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ ÑóÖöíÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó ÝóæóÖóÚóåõãóÇ Ýöí æöåóÇÏö ÌöÈóÇáö ÝóÇÑóÇäó¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáõ ÇáøóÊöí Íóæúáó ãóßøóÉó¡ äöÚúãó ÇáúãóÞöíáõ¡ æóÊóÑóßóåõãóÇ åõäóÇáößó áóíúÓó ãóÚóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÒøóÇÏö æóÇáúãóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóáöíáõ¡ æóÐóáößó ËöÞóÉð ÈöÇááøóåö æóÊóæóßøõáðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÍóÇØóåõãóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÚöäóÇíóÊöåö æóßöÝóÇíóÊöåö ÝóäöÚúãó ÇáúÍóÓöíÈõ æóÇáúßóÇÝöí æóÇáúæóßöíáõ æóÇáúßóÝöíáõ.
. ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóáóÏõ ÇáúæóÍöíÏõ(1/442)
Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóáóßöäú Ãóíúäó ãóäú íóÊóÝóØøóäõ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöÑøö¿ æóÃóíúäó ãóäú íóÍõáøõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÍóáøö¿ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÇ íõÏúÑößõåõ¡ æóíõÍöíØõ ÈöÚöáúãöåö ÅöáøóÇ ßõáøõ äóÈöíåò äóÈöíáò.
æóÞóÏú ÃóËúäóì Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö¡ æóæóÕóÝóåõ ÈöÇáúÍöáúãö æóÇáÕøóÈúÑö æóÕöÏúÞö ÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöåóÇ áöÃóåúáöåö áöíóÞöíóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó¡ ãóÚó ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÏúÚõæ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåõ ÈöÛõáóÇãò Íóáöíãò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøóÚúíó ÞóÇáó íóÇ Èõäóíøó Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇãö Ãóäøöí ÃóÐúÈóÍõßó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÑóì ÞóÇáó íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÊõÄúãóÑõ ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 101]
[ãóÑúíóãó: 54 - 55] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú ÚöÈóÇÏóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóíúÏöí æóÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö ÅöäøóÇ ÃóÎúáóÕúäóÇåõãú ÈöÎóÇáöÕóÉò ÐößúÑóì ÇáÏøóÇÑö æóÅöäøóåõãú ÚöäúÏóäóÇ áóãöäó ÇáúãõÕúØóÝóíúäó ÇáúÃóÎúíóÇÑö æóÇÐúßõÑú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÇáúíóÓóÚó æóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáö æóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúíóÇÑö} [Õ: 45]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 85 - 86] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì äõæÍò æóÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 163] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞõæáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 136] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóäóÙöíÑóÊõåóÇ ãöäó(1/443)
ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì. æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóãú ÊóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØó ßóÇäõæÇ åõæÏðÇ Ãóæú äóÕóÇÑóì Þõáú ÃóÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóãö Çááøóåõ} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 140] . ÇáúÂíóÉó ÝóÐóßóÑó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßõáøó ÕöÝóÉò ÌóãöíáóÉò¡ æóÌóÚóáóåõ äóÈöíøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáóåõ¡ æóÈóÑøóÃóåõ ãöäú ßõáøö ãóÇ äóÓóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÌóÇåöáõæäó¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÃóäú íõÄúãöäó ÈöãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö ÚöÈóÇÏõåõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó. æóÐóßóÑó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÓóÈö æóÃóíøóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö: Ãóäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÑóßöÈó ÇáúÎóíúáó¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó æõÍõæÔðÇ ÝóÃóäøóÓóåóÇ æóÑóßöÈóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ Ýöí ãóÛóÇÒöíåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔóíúÎñ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çáúãóáößö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó «. Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÇÊøóÎöÐõæÇ ÇáúÎóíúáó æóÇÛúÊóÈöÞõæåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãöíÑóÇËõ ÃóÈöíßõãú ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó» . æóßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÈõ æóÍúÔðÇ ÝóÏóÚóÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÏóÚúæóÊöåö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÃõÚúØöíó ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóÊúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú Êóßóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÇáúÝóÕöíÍóÉö ÇáúÈóáöíÛóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÊóÚóáøóãóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÈóÉö ÇáøóÐöíäó äóÒóáõæÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöãóßøóÉó ãöäú ÌõÑúåõãò æóÇáúÚóãóÇáöíÞö æóÃóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóáöíáö.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäöí Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãöÓúãóÚõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ Úóäú ÂÈóÇÆöåö¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «Ãóæøóáõ ãóäú ÝóÊóÞó áöÓóÇäõåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóíøöäóÉö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÑúÈóÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð» . ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ íõæäõÓõ:(1/444)
ÕóÏóÞúÊó íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ íóÓóÇÑò. åóßóÐóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÌõÑóíøò ÍóÏøóËóäöí.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÒóæøóÌó áóãøóÇ ÔóÈøó ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóÇáöíÞö ÇãúÑóÃóÉð¡ æóÃóäøó ÃóÈóÇåõ ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÝöÑóÇÞöåóÇ ÝóÝóÇÑóÞóåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÃõãóæöíøõ: æóåöíó ÚöãóÇÑóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö Ãóßöíáó ÇáúÚöãúáóÇÞöíøö¡ Ëõãøó äóßóÍó ÛóíúÑóåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóãöÑøó ÈöåóÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÇáÓøóíøöÏóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ãõÖóÇÖö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÇáúÌõÑúåõãöíøõ.
æóÞöíáó: åóÐöåö ËóÇáöËóÉñ ÝóæóáóÏóÊú áóåõ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó æóáóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóãøóÇåõãú ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóåõãúº äóÇÈöÊñ¡ æóÞóíúÏóÑñ¡ æóÃóÐúÈóáõ¡ æóãöíÔóì¡ æóãöÓúãóÚñ¡ æóãóÇÔñ¡ æóÏõãóÇ¡ æóÃõÏóÑõ¡ æóíóØõæÑõ¡ æóÈóäúÔñ¡ æóØöíãóÇ¡ æóÞóíúÐõãóÇ. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåöãú¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇáöÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÚóÙöíãðÇ ÇáúãõÈóÔøóÑõ Èöåöãõ ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ ÐößúÑõåõãú¡(1/445)
æóßóÐóÈõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÃúæöíáöåöãú Ðóáößó¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÑóÓõæáðÇ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö Êöáúßó ÇáäøóÇÍöíóÉö æóãóÇ æóÇáóÇåóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈóÇÆöáö ÌõÑúåõãò æóÇáúÚóãóÇáöíÞö æóÃóåúáö Çáúíóãóäö ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÍóÖóÑóÊúåõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì ÃóÎöíåö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÒóæøóÌó ÇÈúäóÊóåõ äóÓóãóÉó ãöäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÎöíåö ÇáúÚöíÕö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝóæóáóÏóÊú áóåõ ÇáÑøõæãó¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áóåõãú: Èóäõæ ÇáúÃóÕúÝóÑö áöÕõÝúÑóÉò ßóÇäóÊú Ýöí ÇáúÚöíÕö¡ æóæóáóÏóÊú áóåõ ÇáúíõæäóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö¡ æóãöäú æóáóÏö ÇáúÚöíÕö ÇáúÃóÔúÈóÇäõ æóÞöíáó: ãöäúåõãóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
æóÏõÝöäó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÈöÇáúÍöÌúÑö ãóÚó Ãõãøöåö åóÇÌóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãõÑõåõ íóæúãó ãóÇÊó ãöÇÆóÉð æóÓóÈúÚðÇ æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÔóßóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÍóÑøó ãóßøóÉó ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøöí ÓóÃóÝúÊóÍõ áóßó ÈóÇÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóäøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÏúÝóäõ Ýöíåö ÊóÌúÑöí Úóáóíúßó ÑóæúÍõåóÇ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
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Ëõãøó ÍóãóáóÊú ÑóÇÍöíáõ ÝóæóáóÏóÊú ÛõáóÇãðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÈöäúíóÇãöíäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóåóÏóÊú Ýöí ØóáúÞöåóÇ Èöåö ÌóåúÏðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóãóÇÊóÊú ÚóÞöíÈóåõ ÝóÏóÝóäóåóÇ íóÚúÞõæÈõ Ýöí ÃóÝóÑóÇËò¡ æóåöíó ÈóíúÊõ áóÍúãò¡ æóÕóäóÚó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Úóáóì ÞóÈúÑöåóÇ ÍóÌóÑðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ ÈöÞóÈúÑö ÑóÇÍöíáó Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö.(1/454)
æóßóÇäó ÃóæúáóÇÏõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÐøõßõæÑõ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ¡ Ýóãöäú áóíóǺ ÑõæÈöíáõ¡ æóÔóãúÚóæäõ¡ æóáóÇæöí¡ æóíóåõæÐóÇ¡ æóÃóíúÓóÇÎóÑõ¡ æóÒóÇÈöáõæäó. æóãöäú ÑóÇÍöíáóº íõæÓõÝõ¡ æóÈöäúíóÇãöíäõ¡ æóãöäú ÃóãóÉö ÑóÇÍöíáóº ÏóÇäñ¡ æóäóÝúËóÇáöí. æóãöäú ÃóãóÉö áóíóǺ ÌóÇÏñ¡ æóÃóÔöíÑõ. Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÌóÇÁó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÈöÞóÑúíóÉö ÍóÈúÑõæäó ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö ßóäúÚóÇäó ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó íóÓúßõäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÑöÖó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ æóãóÇÊó Úóäú ãöÇÆóÉò æóËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÏóÝóäóåõ ÇÈúäóÇåõ ÇáúÚöíÕõ æóíóÚúÞõæÈõ ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÐóáößó.(1/455)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÐößúÑõ ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÌöíÈóÉö Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ÞöÕøóÉõ íõæÓõÝó ÇÈúäö ÑóÇÍöíáó
æóÞóÏú ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó Ýöí ÔóÃúäöåö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö ÓõæÑóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö áöíõÊóÏóÈøóÑó ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍößóãö æóÇáúãóæóÇÚöÙö æóÇáúÂÏóÇÈö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÍóßöíãö. ÃóÚõæÐõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö ÇáÑøóÌöíãö ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö: {ÇáÑ - Êöáúßó ÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÈöíäö - ÅöäøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó - äóÍúäõ äóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúßó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕö ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö áóãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÝöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 1 - 3]
[íõæÓõÝó: 1 - 3] . ÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÞóØøóÚóÉö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÊóÍúÞöíÞóåõ ÝóáúíóäúÙõÑú Ëóãøó¡ æóÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö ãõÓúÊóÞúÕðì Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÐúßõÑõ åóÇåõäóÇ äõÈóÐðÇ ãöãøóÇ åõäóÇßó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÒö¡ æóÇáäøóÌóÇÒö.
æóÌõãúáóÉõ ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íóãúÏóÍõ ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãó ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäúÒóáóåõ Úóáóì ÚóÈúÏöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÈöáöÓóÇäò ÚóÑóÈöíøò ÝóÕöíÍò Èóíøöäò æóÇÖöÍò Ìóáöíøò¡ íóÝúåóãõåõ ßõáøõ ÚóÇÞöáò Ðóßöíøò Òóßöíøò Ýóåõæó ÃóÔúÑóÝõ ßöÊóÇÈò äóÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÃóäúÒóáóåõ ÃóÔúÑóÝõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÔúÑóÝö ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ýöí ÃóÔúÑóÝö ÒóãóÇäò æóãóßóÇäò ÈöÃóÝúÕóÍö áõÛóÉò æóÃóÙúåóÑö ÈóíóÇäò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúÂÊöíóÉö ÐóßóÑó ÃóÍúÓóäóåóÇ æóÃóÈúíóäóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÏóãóÛó ÇáúÈóÇØöáó æóÒóíøóÝóåõ æóÑóÏøóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö æóÇáäøóæóÇåöí ÝóÃóÚúÏóáõ ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö æóÃóæúÖóÍõ ÇáúãóäóÇåöÌö¡ æóÃóÈúíóäõ ÍõßúãðÇ(1/456)
æóÃóÚúÏóáõ ÍóßóãðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÊóãøóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÑóÈøößó ÕöÏúÞðÇ æóÚóÏúáðÇ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 115] . íóÚúäöí ÕöÏúÞðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÚóÏúáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö æóÇáäøóæóÇåöíº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {äóÍúäõ äóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúßó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúÞóÕóÕö ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó æóÅöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö áóãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÝöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 3] . Ãóíú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíúßó Ýöíåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ÑõæÍðÇ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöäóÇ ãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÊóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ æóáóßöäú ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ äõæÑðÇ äóåúÏöí Èöåö ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ æóÅöäøóßó áóÊóåúÏöí Åöáóì ÕöÑóÇØò ãõÓúÊóÞöíãò ÕöÑóÇØö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí áóåõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóáóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÕöíÑõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ} [ÇáÔæÑì: 52]
[Øå: 99 - 101] . íóÚúäöí ãóäú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó ÛóíúÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóäóÇáõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÚöíÏõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáöíøò¡ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ æóãóæúÞõæÝðÇ: «ãóäö ÇÈúÊóÛóì ÇáúåõÏóì Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ÃóÖóáøóåõ Çááøóåõ» . æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓõÑóíúÌõ Èúäõ ÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åõÔóíúãñ¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ãõÌóÇáöÏñ¡ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈößöÊóÇÈò ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÞóÑóÃóåõ(1/457)
Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: ÝóÛóÖöÈó. æóÞóÇáó «ÃóãõÊóåóæøößõæäó ÝöíåóÇ íóÇ ÇÈúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¿ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊõßõãú ÈöåóÇ ÈóíúÖóÇÁó äóÞöíøóÉð¡ áóÇ ÊóÓúÃóáõæåõãú Úóäú ÔóíúÁò ÝóíõÎúÈöÑõæäóßõãú ÈöÍóÞøò ÝóÊõßóÐøöÈõæÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ÈöÈóÇØöáò ÝóÊõÕóÏøöÞõæÇ Èöåö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì ßóÇäó ÍóíøðÇ ãóÇ æóÓöÚóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÊøóÈöÚóäöí» . ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó¡ Úóäú ÚóãúÑòæ Ýöíåö ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «æóÇáøóÐöí äóÝúÓöí ÈöíóÏöåö áóæú ÃóÕúÈóÍó Ýöíßõãú ãõæÓóì¡ Ëõãøó ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãõæåõ æóÊóÑóßúÊõãõæäöí áóÖóáóáúÊõãú Åöäøóßõãú ÍóÙøöí ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÍóÙøõßõãú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó» . æóÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÏúÊõ ØõÑõÞó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÃóáúÝóÇÙóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÓõæÑóÉö íõæÓõÝó¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÎóØóÈó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÎõØúÈóÊöåö: «ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíÊõ ÌóæóÇãöÚó Çáúßóáöãö æóÎóæóÇÊöíãóåõ¡ æóÇÎúÊõÕöÑó áöí ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ¡ æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÊóíúÊõßõãú ÈöåóÇ ÈóíúÖóÇÁó äóÞöíøóÉð ÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóåóæøóßõæÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÛõÑøóäøóßõãõ ÇáúãõÊóåóæøößõæäó» . Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑó ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáÕøóÍöíÝóÉö ÝóãõÍöíóÊú ÍóÑúÝðÇ ÍóÑúÝðÇ.
{ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó íõæÓõÝõ áöÃóÈöíåö íóÇÃóÈóÊö Åöäøöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó ßóæúßóÈðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó ÑóÃóíúÊõåõãú áöí ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó ÞóÇáó íóÇÈõäóíøó áóÇ ÊóÞúÕõÕú ÑõÄúíóÇßó Úóáóì ÅöÎúæóÊößó ÝóíóßöíÏõæÇ áóßó ßóíúÏðÇ Åöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÈöíäñ æóßóÐóáößó íóÌúÊóÈöíßó ÑóÈøõßó æóíõÚóáøöãõßó ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóíõÊöãøõ äöÚúãóÊóåõ Úóáóíúßó æóÚóáóì Âáö íóÚúÞõæÈó ßóãóÇ ÃóÊóãøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈóæóíúßó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 4]
[íõæÓõÝó: 4 - 6] . ÞóÏú ÞóÏøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó íóÚúÞõæÈó ßóÇäó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóäöíäó ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó æóáóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑðÇ¡ æóÓóãøóíúäóÇåõãú¡ æóÅöáóíúåöãú ÊõäúÓóÈõ ÃóÓúÈóÇØõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ßõáøõåõãú¡ æóßóÇäó ÃóÔúÑóÝõåõãú æóÃóÌóáøõåõãú(1/458)
æóÃóÚúÙóãõåõãú íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú äóÈöíøñ ÛóíúÑõåõ æóÈóÇÞöí ÅöÎúæóÊöåö áóãú íõæÍó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÙóÇåöÑõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäú ÝöÚóÇáöåöãú¡ æóãóÞóÇáöåöãú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóãóäö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Úóáóì äõÈõæøóÊöåöãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÞõæáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 136] . æóÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö åõãõ ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõåõ ÈöÞóæöíøòº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö ÔõÚõæÈõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó íõæÌóÏõ Ýöíåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáøóÐöíäó íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúæóÍúíõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóãöãøóÇ íõÄóíøöÏõ Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÕøõ ãöäú Èóíúäö ÅöÎúæóÊöåö ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ äóÕøó Úóáóì äõÈõæøóÊöåö æóÇáúÅöíÍóÇÁö Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ ÂíóÉò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ æóáóãú íóäõÕøó Úóáóì æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÅöÎúæóÊöåö ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ. æóíõÓúÊóÃúäóÓõ áöåóÐóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÕøóãóÏö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáúßóÑöíãõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö ÇÈúäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö íõæÓõÝõ Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó» . ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóÑóæóÇåõ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ æóÚóÈúÏóÉó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÑöËö Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ØõÑõÞóåõ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÛúäóì Úóäú ÅöÚóÇÏóÊöåö åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ.(1/459)
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú: ÑóÃóì íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóåõæó ÕóÛöíÑñ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÍúÊóáöãó ßóÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó ßóæúßóÈðÇ¡ æóåõãú ÅöÔóÇÑóÉñ Åöáóì ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÅöÎúæóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó åõãóÇ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÃóÈóæóíúåö ÞóÏú ÓóÌóÏõæÇ áóåõ ÝóåóÇáóåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÞóÕøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöíåö ÝóÚóÑóÝó ÃóÈõæåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíóäóÇáõ ãóäúÒöáóÉð ÚóÇáöíóÉð æóÑöÝúÚóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÎúÖóÚõ áóåõ ÃóÈóæóÇåõ æóÅöÎúæóÊõåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈößöÊúãóÇäöåóÇ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÞõÕøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÅöÎúæóÊöåö ßóíúáóÇ íóÍúÓõÏõæåõ¡ æóíóÈúÛõæÇ áóåõ ÇáúÛóæóÇÆöáó æóíóßöíÏõæåõ ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÍöíóáö æóÇáúãóßúÑö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö «. ÇÓúÊóÚöíäõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóÖóÇÁö ÍóæóÇÆöÌößõãú ÈößöÊúãóÇäöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó Ðöí äöÚúãóÉò ãóÍúÓõæÏñ» . æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÕøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöíåö æóÅöÎúæóÊöåö ãóÚðÇ. æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ ãöäúåõãú {æóßóÐóáößó íóÌúÊóÈöíßó ÑóÈøõßó} [íæÓÝ: 6] . Ãóíú æóßóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇßó åóÐöåö ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉó ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóãúÊóåóÇ {íóÌúÊóÈöíßó ÑóÈøõßó} [íæÓÝ: 6] Ãóíú íóÎõÕøõßó ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇááøõØúÝö æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö {æóíõÚóáøöãõßó ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö} [íæÓÝ: 6] . Ãóíú íõÝóåøöãõßó ãöäú ãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÊóÚúÈöíÑö ÇáúãóäóÇãö ãóÇáóÇ íóÝúåóãõåõ ÛóíúÑõßó {æóíõÊöãøõ äöÚúãóÊóåõ Úóáóíúßó} [íæÓÝ: 6] . Ãóíú ÈöÇáúæóÍúí Åöáóíúßó {æóÚóáóì Âáö íóÚúÞõæÈó} [íæÓÝ: 6] . Ãóíú ÈöÓóÈóÈößó¡ æóíóÍúÕõáõ áóåõãú Èößó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö {ßóãóÇ ÃóÊóãøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈóæóíúßó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó} [íæÓÝ: 6] . Ãóíú íõäúÚöãõ Úóáóíúßó æóíõÍúÓöäõ Åöáóíúßó ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÚúØóÇåóÇ ÃóÈóÇßó íóÚúÞõæÈó æóÌóÏøóßó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóæóÇáöÏó ÌóÏøößó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáó {Åöäøó ÑóÈøóßó Úóáöíãñ Íóßöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 6] . ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Çááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÍóíúËõ íóÌúÚóáõ ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 124] .
æóáöåóÐóÇ «ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÓõÆöáó Ãóíøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóßúÑóãõ¿ ÞóÇáó: íõæÓõÝõ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ÇÈúäõ(1/460)
äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÇÈúäö Îóáöíáö Çááøóåö» . æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÃóÈõæ íóÚúáóì¡ æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúäóÏóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÙóåöíÑò¡ æóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ¡ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÏøöíøö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÓóÇÈöØò¡ Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑò ÞóÇáó: «ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÈõÓúÊóÇäóÉõ ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ÃóÎúÈöÑúäöí Úóäö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÂåóÇ íõæÓõÝõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓóÇÌöÏóÉñ áóåõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÄõåóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÓóßóÊó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýóáóãú íõÌöÈúåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò. æóäóÒóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÈóÚóËó Åöáóíúåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: åóáú ÃóäúÊó ãõÄúãöäñ Åöäú ÃóÎúÈóÑúÊõßó ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåóÇ. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÝóÞóÇáó: åöíó ÌóÑóÈóÇäõ¡ æóÇáØøóÇÑöÞõ¡ æóÇáÐøöíóÇáõ¡ æóÐõæ ÇáúßóäöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÇÈöÓõ¡ æóæóËøóÇÈõ¡ æóÚóãõæÏóÇäõ¡ æóÇáúÝóíúáóÞõ¡ æóÇáúãõÕúÈöÍõ¡ æóÇáÕøóÑõæÍõ¡ æóÐõæ ÇáúÝóÑúÚö¡ æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáäøõæÑõ. ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøõ: Åöí æóÇááøóåö ÅöäøóåóÇ áóÃóÓúãóÇÄõåóÇ. æóÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí íóÚúáóì¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÕøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÈöíåö¡ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ãõÔóÊøóÊñ íóÌúãóÚõåõ Çááøóåõ¡ æóÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÃóÈõæåõ æóÇáúÞóãóÑõ Ãõãøõåõ» .(1/461)
{áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ýöí íõæÓõÝó æóÅöÎúæóÊöåö ÂíóÇÊñ áöáÓøóÇÆöáöíäó ÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇ áóíõæÓõÝõ æóÃóÎõæåõ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíäóÇ ãöäøóÇ æóäóÍúäõ ÚõÕúÈóÉñ Åöäøó ÃóÈóÇäóÇ áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò ÇÞúÊõáõæÇ íõæÓõÝó Ãóæö ÇØúÑóÍõæåõ ÃóÑúÖðÇ íóÎúáõ áóßõãú æóÌúåõ ÃóÈöíßõãú æóÊóßõæäõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ÞóæúãðÇ ÕóÇáöÍöíäó ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ ãöäúåõãú áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ íõæÓõÝó æóÃóáúÞõæåõ Ýöí ÛóíóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÌõÈøö íóáúÊóÞöØúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÉö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 7] . Ãóíú ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãöåö ÍõÈøóåõãóÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ. Ëõãøó ÇÔúÊóæóÑõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÞóÊúáö íõæÓõÝó Ãóæú ÅöÈúÚóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖò áóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ ãöäúåóÇ áöíóÎúáõæó áóåõãú æóÌúåõ ÃóÈöíåö Ãóíú áöÊóÊóãóÍøóÖó ãóÍóÈøóÊõåõ áóåõãú æóÊóÊóæóÝøóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÃóÖúãóÑõæÇ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóãóÇáóÃõæÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÊóæóÇÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö {ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ ãöäúåõãú} [íæÓÝ: 10] . ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: åõæó ÔóãúÚõæäõ. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: åõæó íóåõæÐóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: åõæó ÃóßúÈóÑõåõãú ÑõæÈöíáõ {áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæÇ íõæÓõÝó æóÃóáúÞõæåõ Ýöí ÛóíóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÌõÈøö íóáúÊóÞöØúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÉö} [íæÓÝ: 10] . Ãóíö ÇáúãóÇÑøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑöíäó {Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÝóÇÚöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 10] . ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó Ýóáúíóßõäú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÞõæáõ áóßõãú Ýóåõæó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäú ÞóÊúáöåö Ãóæú äóÝúíöåö¡ æóÊóÛúÑöíÈöåö ÝóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ ÑóÃúíóåõãú Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ãóÇ áóßó áóÇ ÊóÃúãóäøóÇ Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóåõ áóäóÇÕöÍõæäó ÃóÑúÓöáúåõ ãóÚóäóÇ ÛóÏðÇ íóÑúÊóÚú æóíóáúÚóÈú æóÅöäøóÇ áóåõ áóÍóÇÝöÙõæäó ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí áóíóÍúÒõäõäöí Ãóäú ÊóÐúåóÈõæÇ Èöåö æóÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÃúßõáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ æóÃóäúÊõãú Úóäúåõ ÛóÇÝöáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÆöäú Ãóßóáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ æóäóÍúäõ ÚõÕúÈóÉñ ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 11]
[íõæÓõÝó: 11 - 14] . ØóáóÈõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÈöíåöãú Ãóäú(1/462)
íõÑúÓöáõ ãóÚóåõãú ÃóÎóÇåõãú íõæÓõÝó¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑõæÇ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõãú íõÑöíÏõæäó Ãóäú íóÑúÚóì ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóÃóäú íóáúÚóÈó æóíóäúÈóÓöØó¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÖúãóÑõæÇ áóåõ ãóÇ Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáöíãñ¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúÎõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãö: íóÇ Èóäöíøó íóÔõÞøõ Úóáóíøó Ãóäú ÃõÝóÇÑöÞóåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÃóÎúÔóì Ãóäú ÊóÔúÊóÛöáõæÇ Ýöí áóÚöÈößõãú¡ æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú Ýöíåö ÝóíóÃúÊöíó ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ ÝóíóÃúßõáóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÏóÝúÚöåö Úóäúåõ áöÕöÛóÑöåö æóÛóÝúáóÊößõãú Úóäúåõ {ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÆöäú Ãóßóáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ æóäóÍúäõ ÚõÕúÈóÉñ ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 14] . Ãóíú áóÆöäú ÚóÏóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ ÝóÃóßóáóåõ ãöäú ÈóíúäöäóÇ Ãóæö ÇÔúÊóÛóáúäóÇ Úóäúåõ ÍóÊøóì æóÞóÚó åóÐóÇ æóäóÍúäõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ {ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÎóÇÓöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 14] . Ãóíú ÚóÇÌöÒõæäó åóÇáößõæäó. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ æóÑóÇÁóåõãú íóÊúÈóÚõåõãú¡ ÝóÖóáøó Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑúÔóÏóåõ ÑóÌõáñ Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÛóáóØöåöãú æóÎóØóÆöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÈö ÝóÅöäøó íóÚúÞõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÃóÍúÑóÕó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËóåõ ãóÚóåõãú ÝóßóíúÝó íóÈúÚóËõåõ æóÍúÏóåõ {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Èöåö æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáõæåõ Ýöí ÛóíóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÌõÈøö æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö áóÊõäóÈøöÆóäøóåõãú ÈöÃóãúÑöåöãú åóÐóÇ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó æóÌóÇÁõæÇ ÃóÈóÇåõãú ÚöÔóÇÁð íóÈúßõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÐóåóÈúäóÇ äóÓúÊóÈöÞõ æóÊóÑóßúäóÇ íõæÓõÝó ÚöäúÏó ãóÊóÇÚöäóÇ ÝóÃóßóáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÈöãõÄúãöäò áóäóÇ æóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó æóÌóÇÁõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóãöíÕöåö ÈöÏóãò ßóÐöÈò ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÓóæøóáóÊú áóßõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÕóÈúÑñ Ìóãöíáñ æóÇááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÕöÝõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 15]
[íõæÓõÝó: 15 - 18] . áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ ÈöÃóÈöíåöãú ÍóÊøóì ÈóÚóËóåõ ãóÚóåõãú ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÛóÇÈõæÇ Úóäú Úóíúäóíúåö ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóÔúÊõãõæäóåõ æóíõåöíäõæäóåõ ÈöÇáúÝóÚóÇáö æóÇáúãóÞóÇáö¡ æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöáúÞóÇÆöåö Ýöí ÛóíóÇÈóÉö ÇáúÌõÈøö Ãóíú Ýöí ÞóÚúÑöåö Úóáóì ÑóÇÚõæÝóÊöåö¡ æóåöíó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí Êóßõæäõ Ýöí æóÓóØöåö íóÞöÝõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãóÇÆöÍõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÒöáõ áöíóãúáóÃó ÇáÏøöáóÇÁó ÅöÐóÇ Þóáøó ÇáúãóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÑúÝóÚõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÈúáö íõÓóãøóì ÇáúãóÇÊöÍó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóáúÞóæúåõ Ýöíåö ÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóßó ãöäú ÝóÑóÌò(1/463)
æóãóÎúÑóÌò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÃóäúÊó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóÊõÎúÈöÑóäøó ÅöÎúæóÊóßó ÈöÕóäöíÚöåöãú åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáò ÃóäúÊó ÝöíåóÇ ÚóÒöíÒñ¡ æóåõãú ãõÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóíúßó ÎóÇÆöÝõæäó ãöäúßó. {æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 15] . ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: {æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 15] . ÈöÅöíÍóÇÁö Çááøóåö Åöáóíúåö Ðóáößó. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò {æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 15] Ãóíú áóÊõÎúÈöÑóäøóåõãú ÈöÃóãúÑöåöãú åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáò áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäóßó ÝöíåóÇ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÖóÚõæåõ Ýöíåö æóÑóÌóÚõæÇ Úóäúåõ ÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÞóãöíÕóåõ ÝóáóØøóÎõæåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ïóãò¡ æóÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåöãú ÚöÔóÇÁð æóåõãú íóÈúßõæäó Ãóíú Úóáóì ÃóÎöíåöãúº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö: áóÇ íóÛõÑóäøóßó ÈõßóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÊóÙóáøöãö ÝóÑõÈøó ÙóÇáöãò æóåõæó ÈóÇßò. æóÐóßóÑó ÈõßóÇÁó ÅöÎúæóÉö íõæÓõÝó. æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁõæÇ ÃóÈóÇåõãú ÚöÔóÇÁð íóÈúßõæäó Ãóíú Ýöí ÙõáúãóÉö Çááøóíúáö áöíóßõæäó ÃóãúÔóì áöÛóÏúÑöåöãú áóÇ áöÚõÐúÑöåöãú {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÐóåóÈúäóÇ äóÓúÊóÈöÞõ æóÊóÑóßúäóÇ íõæÓõÝó ÚöäúÏó ãóÊóÇÚöäóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 17] . Ãóíú ËöíóÇÈöäóÇ {ÝóÃóßóáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ} [íæÓÝ: 17] Ãóíú Ýöí ÛóíúÈóÊöäóÇ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÈóÇÞöäóÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõãú: {æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÈöãõÄúãöäò áóäóÇ æóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 17] . Ãóíú æóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÈöãõÕóÏøöÞò áóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÈóÑúäóÇßó ãöäú Ãóßúáö ÇáÐøöÆúÈö áóåõ¡ æóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊøóåóãöíäó ÚöäúÏóßó¡ ÝóßóíúÝó æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÊøóåöãõäóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ¿ ÝóÅöäøóßó ÎóÔöíÊó Ãóäú íóÃúßõáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ¡ æóÖóãöäøóÇ áóßó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÃúßõáóåõ áößóËúÑóÊöäóÇ Íóæúáóåõ ÝóÕöÑúäóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÕóÏøóÞöíäó ÚöäúÏóßó¡ ÝóãóÚúÐõæÑñ ÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞößó áóäóÇ æóÇáúÍóÇáóÉõ åóÐöåö {æóÌóÇÁõæÇ Úóáóì ÞóãöíÕöåö ÈöÏóãò ßóÐöÈò} [íæÓÝ: 18] . Ãóíú ãóßúÐõæÈò ãõÝúÊóÚóáò áöÃóäøóåõãú ÚóãóÏõæÇ Åöáóì ÓóÎúáóÉò ÐóÈóÍõæåóÇ ÝóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ãöäú ÏóãöåóÇ ÝóæóÖóÚõæåõ Úóáóì ÞóãöíÕöåö áöíõæåöãõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ãóßóáóåõ ÇáÐøöÆúÈõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóäóÓõæÇ Ãóäú íóÎúÑöÞõæåõ - " æóÂÝóÉõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ. "¡ æóáóãøóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ÚóáóÇÆöãõ ÇáÑøöíÈóÉö áóãú íóÑõÌú(1/464)
ÕóäöíÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÈöíåöãú ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÝúåóãõ ÚóÏóÇæóÊóåõãú áóåõ¡ æóÍóÓóÏóåõãú ÅöíøóÇåõ Úóáóì ãóÍóÈøóÊöåö áóåõ ãöäú Èóíúäöåöãú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõãú áöãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÊóæóÓøóãõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö æóÇáúãóåóÇÈóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÕöÛóÑöåö áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú íóÎõÕøóåõ Èöåö ãöäú äõÈõæøóÊöåö¡ æóáöãóÇ ÑóÇæóÏõæåõ Úóäú ÃóÎúÐöåö ÝóÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãóÇ ÃóÎóÐõæåõ ÃóÚúÏóãõæåõ æóÛóíøóÈõæåõ Úóäú Úóíúäóíúåö ÌóÇÁõæÇ æóåõãú íóÊóÈóÇßóæúäó æóÚóáóì ãóÇ ÊóãóÇáóÃõæÇ Úóáóíúåö íóÊóæóÇØóÆõæäóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {Èóáú ÓóæøóáóÊú áóßõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÕóÈúÑñ Ìóãöíáñ æóÇááøóåõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚóÇäõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÕöÝõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 18] . æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÑõæÈöíáó ÃóÔóÇÑó ÈöæóÖúÚöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈøö áöíóÃúÎõÐóåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó¡ æóíóÑõÏøóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåö ÝóÛóÇÝóáõæåõ æóÈóÇÚõæåõ áöÊöáúßó ÇáúÞóÇÝöáóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÑõæÈöíáõ ãöäú ÂÎöÑö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö áöíõÎúÑöÌó íõæÓõÝó áóãú íóÌöÏúåõ ÝóÕóÇÍó æóÔóÞøó ËöíóÇÈóåõ æóÍóÒöäó¡ æóÚóãóÏó ÃõæáóÆößó Åöáóì ÌóÏúíò ÝóÐóÈóÍõæåõ æóáóØøóÎõæÇ ãöäú Ïóãöåö ÌõÈøóÉó íõæÓõÝó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ Úóáöãó íóÚúÞõæÈõ ÔóÞøó ËöíóÇÈóåõ¡ æóáóÈöÓó ãöÆúÒóÑðÇ ÃóÓúæóÏó æóÍóÒöäó Úóáóì ÇÈúäöåö ÃóíøóÇãðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáÑøóßóÇßóÉõ ÌóÇÁóÊú ãöäú ÎóØóÆöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÕúæöíÑö {æóÌóÇÁóÊú ÓóíøóÇÑóÉñ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáõæÇ æóÇÑöÏóåõãú ÝóÃóÏúáóì Ïóáúæóåõ ÞóÇáó íóÇÈõÔúÑóì åóÐóÇ ÛõáóÇãñ æóÃóÓóÑøõæåõ ÈöÖóÇÚóÉð æóÇááøóåõ Úóáöíãñ ÈöãóÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó æóÔóÑóæúåõ ÈöËóãóäò ÈóÎúÓò ÏóÑóÇåöãó ãóÚúÏõæÏóÉò æóßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏöíäó æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ ãöäú ãöÕúÑó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÃóßúÑöãöí ãóËúæóÇåõ ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäóÇ Ãóæú äóÊøóÎöÐóåõ æóáóÏðÇ æóßóÐóáößó ãóßøóäøóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóáöäõÚóáøöãóåõ ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇááøóåõ ÛóÇáöÈñ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑöåö æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ ÂÊóíúäóÇåõ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 19] Ãóíú ãõÓóÇÝöÑõæäó. ÞóÇáó: Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÖóÇÚóÊõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝõÓúÊõÞö æóÇáÕøóäóæúÈóÑö æóÇáúÈõØúãö¡ ÞóÇÕöÏöíäó ÏöíóÇÑó ãöÕúÑó(1/465)
ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇãö ÝóÃóÑúÓóáõæÇ ÈóÚúÖóåõãú áöíóÓúÊóÞõæÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÈöÆúÑö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÏúáóì ÃóÍóÏõåõãú Ïóáúæóåõ ÊóÚóáøóÞó Ýöíåö íõæÓõÝõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ ÈõÔúÑóì} [íæÓÝ: 19] Ãóíú íóÇ ÈöÔóÇÑóÊöí åóÐóÇ ÛõáóÇãñ {æóÃóÓóÑøõæåõ ÈöÖóÇÚóÉð} [íæÓÝ: 19] Ãóíú ÃóæúåóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ãóÚóåõãú ÛõáóÇãðÇ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÊúÌóÑöåöãú {æóÇááøóåõ Úóáöíãñ ÈöãóÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 19] . Ãóíú åõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöãóÇ ÊóãóÇáóÃó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÎúæóÊõåõ¡ æóÈöãóÇ íõÓöÑøõåõ æóÇÌöÏõæåõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÈöÖóÇÚóÉñ áóåõãú¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÛóíøöÑõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöãóÇ áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö ÈöÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó ÈöãóÇ íõÌúÑöí Çááøóåõ Úóáóì íóÏóíú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÎõáõåóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÃóÓöíÑò ÑóÞöíÞò¡ Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ íõãóáøößõåõ ÃóÒöãøóÉö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ æóíóäúÝóÚõåõãõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇåõãú æóÃõÎúÑóÇåõãú ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÍóÏøõ æóáóÇ íõæÕóÝõ.
æóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔúÚóÑó ÅöÎúæóÉõ íõæÓõÝó ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÉö áóåõ áóÍöÞõæåõãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: åóÐóÇ ÛõáóÇãõäóÇ ÃóÈöÞó ãöäøóÇ ÝóÇÔúÊóÑóæúåõ ãöäúåõãú ÈöËóãóäò ÈóÎúÓòº Ãóíú Þóáöíáò äóÒúÑò. æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÇáÒøóíúÝõ {ÏóÑóÇåöãó ãóÚúÏõæÏóÉò æóßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÒøóÇåöÏöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 20] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóäóæúÝñ ÇáúÈößóÇáöíøõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÚóØöíøóÉõ ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ: ÈóÇÚõæåõ ÈöÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ ÇÞúÊóÓóãõæåóÇ ÏöÑúåóãóíúäö ÏöÑúåóãóíúäö. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: ÇËúäóÇäö æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÏöÑúåóãðÇ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ ãöäú ãöÕúÑó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÃóßúÑöãöí ãóËúæóÇåõ} [íæÓÝ: 21] . Ãóíú ÃóÍúÓöäöí Åöáóíúåö {ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäóÇ Ãóæú äóÊøóÎöÐóåõ æóáóÏðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 21] . æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú áõØúÝö Çááøóåö Èöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö Åöáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÄóåøöáóåõ áóåõ¡ æóíõÚúØöíóåõ ãöäú ÎóíúÑóíö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóÇäó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó ÚóÒöíÒóåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÇáúÎóÒóÇÆöäõ ãõÓóáøóãóÉñ Åöáóíúåö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó:(1/466)
æóÇÓúãõåõ ÃóØúÝöíÑõ Èúäõ ÑõæÍöíÈó. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó ãóáößõ ãöÕúÑó íóæúãóÆöÐò ÇáÑøóíøóÇäó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóÇáöíÞö. ÞóÇáó: æóÇÓúãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÑóÇÚöíáõ ÈöäúÊõ ÑóÚóÇÆöíáó. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåóÇ ÒóáöíÎóÇ. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÞóÈõåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÝóßóÇ ÈöäúÊõ íóäõæÓó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åöÔóÇãò ÇáÑøöÝóÇÚöíøö. æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÇÚóåõ ÈöãöÕúÑó íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí ÌóáóÈóåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ãóÇáößó Èúäó ÏóÛúÑö Èúäö ËóæöíÈó Èúäö ÚóÝúÞóÇ Èúäö ãöÏúíóÇäó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: ÃóÝúÑóÓõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉñº ÚóÒöíÒõ ãöÕúÑó Íöíäó ÞóÇáó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö: {ÃóßúÑöãöí ãóËúæóÇåõ} [íæÓÝ: 21] æóÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÇáóÊú áöÃóÈöíåóÇ Úóäú ãõæÓóì: {íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ Åöäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑúÊó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 26] . æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ. Ëõãøó Þöíáó: ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÈöÚöÔúÑöíäó ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÈöæóÒúäöåö ãöÓúßðÇ æóæóÒúäöåö ÍóÑöíÑðÇ æóæóÒúäöåö æóÑöÞðÇ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóßóÐóáößó ãóßøóäøóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [íæÓÝ: 21] . Ãóíú æóßóãóÇ ÞóíøóÖúäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ íõÍúÓöäóÇäö Åöáóíúåö æóíóÚúÊóäöíóÇäö Èöåö¡ ãóßøóäøóÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó {æóáöäõÚóáøöãóåõ ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö} [íæÓÝ: 21] . Ãóíú ÝóåúãöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÚúÈöíÑõ ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó {æóÇááøóåõ ÛóÇáöÈñ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑöåö} [íæÓÝ: 21] .(1/467)
Ãóíú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÞóíøöÖõ áóåõ ÃóÓúÈóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÃõãõæÑðÇ áóÇ íóåúÊóÏöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó - æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ ÂÊóíúäóÇåõ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 21 - 22] . ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ ßóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÞóÈúáó ÈõáõæÛö ÇáúÃóÔõÏøö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÇáøóÐöí íõæÍöí Çááøóåõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ÇáúÚõãõÑö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÈõáõæÛõ ÇáúÃóÔõÏøö. ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ¡ æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ¡ æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÓúáóãó¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøõ: åõæó ÇáúÍõáõãõ. æóÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò: ËóãóÇäöíó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ: ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ: ÎóãúÓñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ËóáóÇËñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ: ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ æóÈóáóÛó ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð} [ÇáÃÍÞÇÝ: 15] . {æóÑóÇæóÏóÊúåõ ÇáøóÊöí åõæó Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåóÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö æóÛóáøóÞóÊö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈó æóÞóÇáóÊú åóíúÊó áóßó ÞóÇáó ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö Åöäøóåõ ÑóÈøöí ÃóÍúÓóäó ãóËúæóÇíó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó æóáóÞóÏú åóãøóÊú Èöåö æóåóãøó ÈöåóÇ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÈõÑúåóÇäó ÑóÈøöåö ßóÐóáößó áöäóÕúÑöÝó Úóäúåõ ÇáÓøõæÁó æóÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁó Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó æóÇÓúÊóÈóÞóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó æóÞóÏøóÊú ÞóãöíÕóåõ ãöäú ÏõÈõÑò æóÃóáúÝóíóÇ ÓóíøöÏóåóÇ áóÏóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÞóÇáóÊú ãóÇ ÌóÒóÇÁõ ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÃóåúáößó ÓõæÁðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÓúÌóäó Ãóæú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ ÞóÇáó åöíó ÑóÇæóÏóÊúäöí Úóäú äóÝúÓöí æóÔóåöÏó ÔóÇåöÏñ ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóãöíÕõåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÞõÈõáò ÝóÕóÏóÞóÊú æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóãöíÕõåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÏõÈõÑò ÝóßóÐóÈóÊú æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÞóãöíÕóåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÏõÈõÑò ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ßóíúÏößõäøó Åöäøó ßóíúÏóßõäøó ÚóÙöíãñ íõæÓõÝõ ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäú åóÐóÇ æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑöí áöÐóäúÈößö Åöäøóßö ßõäúÊö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇØöÆöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 23]
[íõæÓõÝó: 23 - 29] .(1/468)
íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãõÑóÇæóÏóÉö ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö áöíõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö æóØóáóÈöåóÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö æóãóÞóÇãöåö¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÌóãóÇáö æóÇáúãóÇáö æóÇáúãóäúÕöÈö æóÇáÔøóÈóÇÈö¡ æóßóíúÝó ÛóáøóÞóÊö ÇáúÃóÈúæóÇÈó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÚóáóíúåö¿ æóÊóåóíøóÃóÊú áóåõ æóÊóÕóäøóÚóÊú æóáóÈöÓóÊú ÃóÍúÓóäó ËöíóÇÈöåóÇ æóÃóÝúÎóÑó áöÈóÇÓöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÇáúæóÒöíÑö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: æóÈöäúÊõ ÃõÎúÊö Çáúãóáößö ÇáÑøóíøóÇäö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö ÕóÇÍöÈö ãöÕúÑó. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãóÚó Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÔóÇÈøñ ÈóÏöíÚõ ÇáúÌóãóÇáö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÁö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ äóÈöíøñ ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÝóÚóÕóãóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁö æóÍóãóÇåõ ãöäú ãóßúÑö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ Ýóåõæó ÓóíøöÏõ ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉö ÇáäøõÌóÈóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúÃóÊúÞöíóÇÁö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö Úóäú ÎóÇÊóãö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁö «ÓóÈúÚóÉñ íõÙöáøõåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí Ùöáøöåö íóæúãó áóÇ Ùöáøó ÅöáøóÇ Ùöáøõåõº ÅöãóÇãñ ÚóÇÏöáñ¡ æóÑóÌõáñ ÐóßóÑó Çááøóåó ÎóÇáöíðÇ ÝóÝóÇÖóÊú ÚóíúäóÇåõ¡ æóÑóÌõáñ ãõÚóáøóÞñ ÞóáúÈõåõ ÈöÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåõ ÍóÊøóì íóÚõæÏó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÑóÌõáóÇäö ÊóÍóÇÈøóÇ Ýöí Çááøóåö ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÊóÝóÑøóÞóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÑóÌõáñ ÊóÕóÏøóÞó ÈöÕóÏóÞóÉò ÝóÃóÎúÝóÇåóÇ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãó ÔöãóÇáõåõ ãóÇ ÊõäúÝöÞõ íóãöíäõåõ¡ æóÔóÇÈøñ äóÔóÃó Ýöí ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö¡ æóÑóÌõáñ ÏóÚóÊúåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÐóÇÊõ ãóäúÕöÈò æóÌóãóÇáò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó» .
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÏóÚóÊúåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÍóÑóÕóÊú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáúÍöÑúÕö. ÝóÞóÇáó: {ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö Åöäøóåõ ÑóÈøöí} [íæÓÝ: 23] . íóÚúäöí ÒóæúÌóåóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúãóäúÒöáö ÓóíøöÏöí ÃóÍúÓóäó ãóËúæóÇíó Ãóíú ÃóÍúÓóäó Åöáóíøó¡ æóÃóßúÑóãó ãõÞóÇãöí ÚöäúÏóåõ {Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ ÇáÙøóÇáöãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 23] . æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÞóÏú åóãøóÊú Èöåö æóåóãøó ÈöåóÇ áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÈõÑúåóÇäó ÑóÈøöåö} [íæÓÝ: 24] . ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ßöÝóÇíóÉñ¡ æóãóÞúäóÚñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó åóÇåõäóÇ ãõÊóáóÞøðì ãöäú ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö(1/469)
ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖõ Úóäúåõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöäóÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóÕóãóåõ æóÈóÑøóÃóåõ æóäóÒøóåóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÇÍöÔóÉö æóÍóãóÇåõ ÚóäúåóÇ æóÕóÇäóåõ ãöäúåóǺ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÐóáößó áöäóÕúÑöÝó Úóäúåõ ÇáÓøõæÁó æóÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁó Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÚöÈóÇÏöäóÇ ÇáúãõÎúáóÕöíäó æóÇÓúÊóÈóÞóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó} [íæÓÝ: 24] . Ãóíú åóÑóÈó ãöäúåóÇ ØóÇáöÈðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö áöíóÎúÑõÌó ãöäúåõ ÝöÑóÇÑðÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚóÊúåõ Ýöí ÃóËóÑöåö: æóÃóáúÝóíóÇ: Ãóíú æóÌóÏóÇ ÓóíøöÏóåóÇ Ãóíú ÒóæúÌóåóÇ áóÏóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÈóÇÏóÑóÊúåõ ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÍóÑøóÖóÊúåõ Úóáóíúåö {ÞóÇáóÊú ãóÇ ÌóÒóÇÁõ ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÃóåúáößó ÓõæÁðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÓúÌóäó Ãóæú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 25] . ÇÊøóåóãóÊúåõ æóåöíó ÇáúãõÊøóåóãóÉõ æóÈóÑøóÃóÊú ÚöÑúÖóåóÇ æóäóÒøóåóÊú ÓóÇÍóÊóåóÇ¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {åöíó ÑóÇæóÏóÊúäöí Úóäú äóÝúÓöí} [íæÓÝ: 26] . ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÍóÞøó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö. æóÔóåöÏó ÔóÇåöÏñ ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ Þöíáó: ßóÇäó ÕóÛöíÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóåúÏö ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò. æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóåöáóÇáö Èúäö íóÓóÇÝò¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò. æóÑóæóì Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóæóÞóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Úóäúåõ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÞóÑöíÈðÇ Åöáóì ÃóØúÝöíÑó ÈóÚúáöåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ. æóãöãøóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÓúáóãó. ÝóÞóÇáó: {Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóãöíÕõåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÞõÈõáò ÝóÕóÏóÞóÊú æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 26] . Ãóíú áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏóåóÇ ÝóÏóÇÝóÚóÊúåõ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÏøóÊú ãõÞóÏøóãó ÞóãöíÕöåö: {æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóãöíÕõåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÏõÈõÑò ÝóßóÐóÈóÊú æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 27] . Ãóíú áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÞóÏú åóÑóÈó ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚóÊúåõ¡ æóÊóÚóáøóÞóÊú Ýöíåö ÝóÇäúÔóÞøó ÞóãöíÕõåõ áöÐóáößó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóÇäóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ÞóãöíÕóåõ ÞõÏøó ãöäú ÏõÈõÑò ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ßóíúÏößõäøó Åöäøó ßóíúÏóßõäøó ÚóÙöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 28] .(1/470)
Ãóíú åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÑóì ãöäú ãóßúÑößõäøó ÃóäúÊö ÑóÇæóÏúÊöåö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÊøóåóãúÊöåö ÈöÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÖúÑóÈó ÈóÚúáõåóÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÕóÝúÍðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: {íõæÓõÝõ ÃóÚúÑöÖú Úóäú åóÐóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 29] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÐúßõÑõåõ áöÃóÍóÏò áöÃóäøó ßöÊúãóÇäó ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö åõæó ÇáúÃóáúíóÞõ æóÇáúÃóÍúÓóäõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö áöÐóäúÈöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóÏóÑó ãöäúåóÇ æóÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÇÈó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÇÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃåúáõ ãöÕúÑó æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈó¡ æóíõÄóÇÎöÐõ ÈöåóÇ åõæó Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ÈóÚúáõåóÇ æóÚóÐóÑóåóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæõÌõæåöº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóÃóÊú ãóÇ áóÇ ÕóÈúÑó áóåóÇ Úóáóì ãöËúáöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÝöíÝñ äóÒöíåñ ÈóÑöÆõ ÇáúÚöÑúÖö Óóáöíãõ ÇáäøóÇÍöíóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑöí áöÐóäúÈößö Åöäøóßö ßõäúÊö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇØöÆöíäó æóÞóÇáó äöÓúæóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ÊõÑóÇæöÏõ ÝóÊóÇåóÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÞóÏú ÔóÛóÝóåóÇ ÍõÈøðÇ ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊú ÈöãóßúÑöåöäøó ÃóÑúÓóáóÊú Åöáóíúåöäøó æóÃóÚúÊóÏóÊú áóåõäøó ãõÊøóßóÃð æóÂÊóÊú ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåõäøó ÓößøöíäðÇ æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇÎúÑõÌú Úóáóíúåöäøó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑúäóåõ æóÞóØøóÚúäó ÃóíúÏöíóåõäøó æóÞõáúäó ÍóÇÔó áöáøóåö ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈóÔóÑðÇ Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóáóßñ ßóÑöíãñ ÞóÇáóÊú ÝóÐóáößõäøó ÇáøóÐöí áõãúÊõäøóäöí Ýöíåö æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏúÊõåõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúÕóãó æóáóÆöäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÂãõÑõåõ áóíõÓúÌóäóäøó æóáóíóßõæäóäú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÛöÑöíäó ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇáÓøöÌúäõ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÚõæäóäöí Åöáóíúåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÊóÕúÑöÝú Úóäøöí ßóíúÏóåõäøó ÃóÕúÈõ Åöáóíúåöäøó æóÃóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÝóÕóÑóÝó Úóäúåõ ßóíúÏóåõäøó Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ} [íæÓÝ: 29]
[íõæÓõÝó: 30 - 34] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÞöÈóáö äöÓóÇÁö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÚúäöí ãöÕúÑó ãöäú äöÓóÇÁö ÇáúÃõãóÑóÇÁö æóÈóäóÇÊö ÇáúßõÈóÑóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáØøóÚúäö Úóáóì ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóÚóíúÈöåóÇ æóÇáÊøóÔúäöíÚö ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ãõÑóÇæóÏóÊöåóÇ ÝóÊóÇåóÇ æóÍõÈøöåóÇ ÇáÔøóÏöíÏö áóåõ¡ íóÚúäöíäó:(1/471)
æóåõæó áóÇ íõÓóÇæöí åóÐóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ãóæúáðì ãöäó ÇáúãóæóÇáöí¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöËúáõåõ ÃóåúáðÇ áöåóÐóǺ æóáöåóÐóÇ Þõáúäó: {ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÑóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò} [íæÓÝ: 30] . Ãóíú Ýöí æóÖúÚöåóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍóáøöåö {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóÊú ÈöãóßúÑöåöäøó} [íæÓÝ: 31] . Ãóíú ÈöÊóÔúäöíÚöåöäøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö áóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóíúÈö æóÇáúãóÐóãøóÉö ÈöÍõÈøö ãóæúáóÇåóÇ æóÚöÔúÞö ÝóÊóÇåóÇ ÝóÃóÙúåóÑúäó ÐóãøðÇ¡ æóåöíó ãóÚúÐõæÑóÉñ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóÍóÈøóÊú Ãóäú ÊóÈúÓõØó ÚõÐúÑóåóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõäøó æóÊõÈóíøöäó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝóÊóì áóíúÓó ßóãóÇ ÍóÓöÈúäó æóáóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ áóÏóíúåöäøó¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóÊú Åöáóíúåöäøó ÝóÌóãóÚóÊúåõäøó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÚúÊóÏóÊú áóåõäøó ÖöíóÇÝóÉó ãöËúáöåöäøó¡ æóÃóÍúÖóÑóÊú Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö Ðóáößó ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÞúØóÚõ ÈöÇáÓøóßóÇßöíäö ßóÇáúÃõÊúÑõÌøö æóäóÍúæöåö. {æóÂÊóÊú ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåõäøó ÓößøöíäðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 31] ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÞóÏú åóíøóÃóÊú íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÃóáúÈóÓóÊúåõ ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáËøöíóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ØóÑóÇæóÉö ÇáÔøóÈóÇÈö¡ æóÃóãóÑóÊúåõ ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö Úóáóíúåöäøó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÝóÎóÑóÌó æóåõæó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÏúÑö áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóåõ ÃóßúÈóÑúäóåõ} [íæÓÝ: 31] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúÙóãúäóåõ æóÃóÌúáóáúäóåõ æóåöÈúäóåõ¡ æóãóÇ Ùóäóäøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ Ýöí Èóäöí ÂÏóãó æóÈóåóÑóåõäøó ÍõÓúäõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÇÔúÊóÛóáúäó Úóäú ÃóäúÝõÓöåöäøó¡ æóÌóÚóáúäó íóÍúÒõÒúäó Ýöí ÃóíúÏöíåöäøó ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáÓøóßóÇßöíäö¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÚõÑúäó ÈöÇáúÌöÑóÇÍö {æóÞõáúäó ÍóÇÔó áöáøóåö ãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈóÔóÑðÇ Åöäú åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóáóßñ ßóÑöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 31] .
æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö «ÝóãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöíõæÓõÝó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ÞóÏú ÃõÚúØöíó ÔóØúÑó ÇáúÍõÓúäö» . ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÕúÝö ãöäú ÍõÓúäö ÂÏóãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÎóáóÞó ÂÏóãó ÈöíóÏöåö æóäóÝóÎó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöåö ÝóßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö äöåóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúÍõÓúäö ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøöº æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó Úóáóì Øõæáö ÂÏóãó æóÍõÓúäöåö¡ æóíõæÓõÝõ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÕúÝö ãöäú ÍõÓúäö ÂÏóãó æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú Êóßõäú ÃõäúËóì ÈóÚúÏó ÍóæøóÇÁó ÃóÔóÈúåó ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓóÇÑóÉó ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: æóßóÇäó æóÌúåõ íõæÓõÝó ãöËúáó ÇáúÈóÑúÞö¡ æóßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóÊúåõ(1/472)
ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ áöÍóÇÌóÉò ÛóØøóì æóÌúåóåõ. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ: ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ãõÈóÑúÞóÚðÇ áöÆóáøóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÞóÇãó ÚóÐóÑó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö Ýöí ãóÍóÈøóÊöåóÇ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóÌóÑóì áóåõäøó æóÚóáóíúåöäøó ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäú ÊóÞúØöíÚö ÃóíúÏöíåöäøó ÈöÌöÑóÇÍö ÇáÓøóßóÇßöíäö¡ æóãóÇ ÑóßöÈóåõäøó ãöäó ÇáúãóåóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáÏøóåóÔö ÚöäúÏó ÑõÄúíóÊöåö¡ æóãõÚóÇíóäóÊöåö ÞóÇáóÊú: {ÝóÐóáößõäøó ÇáøóÐöí áõãúÊõäøóäöí Ýöíåö} [íæÓÝ: 32] Ëõãøó ãóÏóÍóÊúåõ ÈöÇáúÚöÝøóÉö ÇáÊøóÇãøóÉö ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: {æóáóÞóÏú ÑóÇæóÏúÊõåõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúÕóãó} [íæÓÝ: 32] . Ãóíö ÇãúÊóäóÚó {æóáóÆöäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÂãõÑõåõ áóíõÓúÌóäóäøó æóáóíóßõæäóäú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÛöÑöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 32] . æóßóÇäó ÈóÞöíøóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÍóÑøóÖúäóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóãúÚö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áöÓóíøöÏóÊöåö ÝóÃóÈóì ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÁö æóäóÃóì áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÏóÚóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆöåö áöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó: {ÑóÈøö ÇáÓøöÌúäõ ÃóÍóÈøõ Åöáóíøó ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÚõæäóäöí Åöáóíúåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÊóÕúÑöÝú Úóäøöí ßóíúÏóåõäøó ÃóÕúÈõ Åöáóíúåöäøó æóÃóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 33] . íóÚúäöí: Åöäú æóßóáúÊóäöí Åöáóì äóÝúÓöí ÝóáóíúÓó áöí ãöäú äóÝúÓöí ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÚóÌúÒõ æóÇáÖøóÚúÝõ¡ æóáóÇ Ãóãúáößõ áöäóÝúÓöí äóÝúÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÖóÑøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÝóÃóäóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÞóæøóíúÊóäöí æóÚóÕóãúÊóäöí æóÍóÝöÙúÊóäöí æóÍõØúÊóäöí ÈöÍóæúáößó æóÞõæøóÊößó. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÝóÕóÑóÝó Úóäúåõ ßóíúÏóåõäøó Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáÓøóãöíÚõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ} [íæÓÝ: 34] .(1/473)
{Ëõãøó ÈóÏóÇ áóåõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÑóÃóæõÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö áóíóÓúÌõäõäøóåõ ÍóÊøóì Íöíäò æóÏóÎóáó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøöÌúäó ÝóÊóíóÇäö ÞóÇáó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇäöí ÃóÚúÕöÑõ ÎóãúÑðÇ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ Åöäøöí ÃóÑóÇäöí ÃóÍúãöáõ ÝóæúÞó ÑóÃúÓöí ÎõÈúÒðÇ ÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáØøóíúÑõ ãöäúåõ äóÈøöÆúäóÇ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÅöäøóÇ äóÑóÇßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóÃúÊöíßõãóÇ ØóÚóÇãñ ÊõÑúÒóÞóÇäöåö ÅöáøóÇ äóÈøóÃúÊõßõãóÇ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóßõãóÇ ÐóáößõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ Úóáøóãóäöí ÑóÈøöí Åöäøöí ÊóÑóßúÊõ ãöáøóÉó Þóæúãò áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóåõãú ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö åõãú ßóÇÝöÑõæäó æóÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõ ãöáøóÉó ÂÈóÇÆöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó ãóÇ ßóÇäó áóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÔúÑößó ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ æóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÔúßõÑõæäó íóÇÕóÇÍöÈóíö ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÃóÃóÑúÈóÇÈñ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞõæäó ÎóíúÑñ Ãóãö Çááøóåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúÞóåøóÇÑõ ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁð ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò Åöäö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö ÃóãóÑó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ Ðóáößó ÇáÏøöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãõ æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó íóÇÕóÇÍöÈóíö ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõßõãóÇ ÝóíóÓúÞöí ÑóÈøóåõ ÎóãúÑðÇ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÝóíõÕúáóÈõ ÝóÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáØøóíúÑõ ãöäú ÑóÃúÓöåö ÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÊóÓúÊóÝúÊöíóÇäö} [íæÓÝ: 35]
[íõæÓõÝó: 35 - 41] .(1/474)
íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö æóÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõãú ÈóÏóÇ áóåõãú Ãóíú ÙóåóÑó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÚóáöãõæÇ ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó íõæÓõÝó Ãóäú íóÓúÌõäõæåõ Åöáóì æóÞúÊò áöíóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÃóÞóáøó áößóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÎúãóÏó áöÃóãúÑöåóÇ æóáöíõÙúåöÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇæóÏóåóÇ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåóÇ ÝóÓõÌöäó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÓóÌóäõæåõ ÙõáúãðÇ æóÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏøóÑó Çááøóåõ áóåõ¡ æóãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ ÚóÕóãóåõ Èöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ áóåõ Úóäú ãõÚóÇÔóÑóÊöåöãú æóãõÎóÇáóØóÊöåöãú¡ æóãöäú åóÇåõäóÇ ÇÓúÊóäúÈóØó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøõæÝöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Ãóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÌöÏó. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÏóÎóáó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÓøöÌúäó ÝóÊóíóÇäö} [íæÓÝ: 36] . Þöíáó: ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÓóÇÞöíó Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó: Èóäõæ. æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÎóÈøóÇÒóåõ íóÚúäöí ÇáøóÐöí íóáöí ØóÚóÇãóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ áóåõ ÇáÊøõÑúßõ: ÇáúÌóÇÔóäúßöíÑõ¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó: ãóÌúáóËõ. ßóÇäó Çáúãóáößõ ÞóÏö ÇÊøóåóãóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÝóÓóÌóäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóíóÇ íõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÃóÚúÌóÈóåõãóÇ ÓóãúÊõåõ æóåóÏúíõåõ æóÏóáøõåõ æóØóÑöíÞóÊõåõ æóÞóæúáõåõ æóÝöÚúáõåõ æóßóËúÑóÉõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö ÑóÈøóåõ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäõåõ Åöáóì ÎóáúÞöåö¡ ÝóÑóÃóì ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÑõÄúíóÇ ÊõäóÇÓöÈõåõ ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö: ÑóÃóíóÇ Ýöí áóíúáóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÞöí ÝóÑóÃóì ßóÃóäøó ËóáóÇËó ÞõÖúÈóÇäò ãöäú ÍóÈúáóÉò ÞóÏú ÃóæúÑóÞóÊú æóÃóíúäóÚóÊú ÚóäóÇÞöíÏõ ÇáúÚöäóÈö ÝóÃóÎóÐóåóÇ ÝóÇÚúÊóÕóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ßóÃúÓö Çáúãóáößö æóÓóÞóÇåõ¡ æóÑóÃóì ÇáúÎóÈøóÇÒõ(1/474)
Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ËóáóÇËó ÓöáóÇáò ãöäú ÎõÈúÒò¡ æóÖóæóÇÑöí ÇáØøõíõæÑö ÊóÃúßõáõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì. ÝóÞóÕøóÇåóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóØóáóÈóÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÑóåõãóÇ áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáóÇ: {ÅöäøóÇ äóÑóÇßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 36] . ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáöíãñ ÈöÊóÚúÈöíÑöåöãóÇ ÎóÈöíÑñ ÈöÃóãúÑöåöãóÇ. æó {ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóÃúÊöíßõãóÇ ØóÚóÇãñ ÊõÑúÒóÞóÇäöåö ÅöáøóÇ äóÈøóÃúÊõßõãóÇ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóßõãóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 37] . Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãóåúãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãóÇ ãöäú Íõáúãò ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóÚúÈõÑõåõ áóßõãóÇ ÞóÈúáó æõÞõæÚöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ßóãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ. æóÞöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Åöäøöí ÃõÎúÈöÑõßõãóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÃúÊöíßõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ÞóÈúáó ãóÌöíÆöåö ÍõáúæðÇ Ãóæú ÍóÇãöÖðÇ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {æóÃõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöãóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæäó æóãóÇ ÊóÏøóÎöÑõæäó Ýöí ÈõíõæÊößõãú} [Âá ÚãÑÇä: 49] . æóÞóÇáó áóåõãóÇ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíãö Çááøóåö ÅöíøóÇíó áöÃóäøöí ãõÄúãöäñ Èöåö ãõæóÍøöÏñ áóåõ ãõÊøóÈöÚñ ãöáøóÉó ÂÈóÇÆöí ÇáúßöÑóÇãö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó {ãóÇ ßóÇäó áóäóÇ Ãóäú äõÔúÑößó ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝóÖúáö Çááøóåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 38] . Ãóíú ÈöÃóäú åóÏóÇäóÇ áöåóÐóÇ {æóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} [íæÓÝ: 38] Ãóíú ÈöÃóäú ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú äóÏúÚõæóåõãú Åöáóíúåö æóäõÑúÔöÏóåõãú æóäóÏõáøóåõãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÝöØóÑöåöãú ãóÑúßõæÒñ¡ æóÝöí ÌöÈöáøóÊöåöãú ãóÛúÑõæÒñ {æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÔúßõÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 38] .
Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö¡ æóÐóãøó ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó ãóÇ Óöæóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÕóÛøóÑó ÃóãúÑó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö æóÍóÞøóÑóåóÇ æóÖóÚøóÝó ÃóãúÑóåóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: {íóÇÕóÇÍöÈóíö ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÃóÃóÑúÈóÇÈñ ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞõæäó ÎóíúÑñ Ãóãö Çááøóåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúÞóåøóÇÑõ ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁð ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò Åöäö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö} [íæÓÝ: 39] . Ãóíú åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõ Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö ÇáúÝóÚøóÇáõ áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÏöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóíõÖöáøõ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ(1/475)
{ÃóãóÑó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ} [íæÓÝ: 40] . Ãóíú æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ {Ðóáößó ÇáÏøöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãõ} [íæÓÝ: 40] Ãóíö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãõ æóÇáÕøöÑóÇØõ ÇáúÞóæöíãõ {æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 40] . Ãóíú Ýóåõãú áóÇ íóåúÊóÏõæäó Åöáóíúåö ãóÚó æõÖõæÍöåö æóÙõåõæÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÏóÚúæóÊõåõ áóåõãóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúßóãóÇáöº áöÃóäøó äõÝõæÓóåõãóÇ ãõÚóÙøöãóÉñ áóåõ ãõäúÈóÚöËóÉñ Úóáóì ÊóáóÞøöí ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö ÝóäóÇÓóÈó Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæóåõãóÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóäúÝóÚõ áóåõãóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÓóÃóáóÇ Úóäúåõ æóØóáóÈóÇ ãöäúåõ¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÞóÇãó ÈöãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö æóÃóÑúÔóÏó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÃóÑúÔóÏó Åöáóíúåö ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ ÕóÇÍöÈóíö ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÍóÏõßõãóÇ ÝóíóÓúÞöí ÑóÈøóåõ ÎóãúÑðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 41] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåõæó ÇáÓøóÇÞöí {æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÝóíõÕúáóÈõ ÝóÊóÃúßõáõ ÇáØøóíúÑõ ãöäú ÑóÃúÓöåö} [íæÓÝ: 41] . ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóåõæó ÇáúÎóÈøóÇÒõ {ÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÊóÓúÊóÝúÊöíóÇäö} [íæÓÝ: 41] . Ãóíú æóÞóÚó åóÐóÇ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó æóæóÌóÈó ßóæúäõåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÍóÇáóÉòº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö «ÇáÑøõÄúíóÇ Úóáóì ÑöÌúáö ØóÇÆöÑò ãóÇ áóãú ÊõÚóÈøóÑú ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÈøöÑóÊú æóÞóÚóÊú» .
æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÓúáóãó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ: áóãú äóÑó ÔóíúÆðÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõãóÇ: {ÞõÖöíó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÊóÓúÊóÝúÊöíóÇäö} [íæÓÝ: 41] . {æóÞóÇáó áöáøóÐöí Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ äóÇÌò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇÐúßõÑúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó ÝóÃóäúÓóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÐößúÑó ÑóÈøöåö ÝóáóÈöËó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÈöÖúÚó Óöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 42] . [íõæÓõÝó: 42] íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇáó áöáøóÐöí Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ äóÇÌò ãöäúåõãóÇ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóÇÞöí: {ÇÐúßõÑúäöí ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó} [íæÓÝ: 42] . íóÚúäöí ÇÐúßõÑú ÃóãúÑöí¡ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÌúäö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÌõÑúãò ÚöäúÏó Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÝöí åóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÓøóÚúíö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóáóÇ íõäóÇÝöí Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæóßøõáó Úóáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÇÈö. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóÃóäúÓóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÐößúÑó ÑóÈøöåö} [íæÓÝ: 42] . Ãóíú ÝóÃóäúÓóì ÇáäøóÇÌöíó ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ(1/476)
Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ãóÇ æóÕøóÇåõ Èöåö íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóåõæó ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ¡ æóåõæó ãóäúÕõæÕõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö {ÝóáóÈöËó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÈöÖúÚó Óöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 42] . æóÇáúÈöÖúÚõ: ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáËøóáóÇËö Åöáóì ÇáÊøöÓúÚö. æóÞöíáó: Åöáóì ÇáÓøóÈúÚö. æóÞöíáó: Åöáóì ÇáúÎóãúÓö. æóÞöíáó: ãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö. ÍóßóÇåóÇ ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ. æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÈöÖúÚõ äöÓúæóÉò¡ æóÈöÖúÚóÉõ ÑöÌóÇáò æóãóäóÚó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáó ÇáúÈöÖúÚö ÝöíãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÔúÑö. ÞóÇáó: æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: äóíøöÝñ. æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÈöËó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÈöÖúÚó Óöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 42] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýöí ÈöÖúÚö Óöäöíäó} [ÇáÑæã: 4] . æóåóÐóÇ ÑóÏøñ áöÞóæúáöåö ÞóÇáó ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁõ: æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ æóÈöÖúÚóÉñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó. Åöáóì ÇáÊøöÓúÚöíäó¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÈöÖúÚñ æóãöÇÆóÉñ¡ æóÈöÖúÚñ æóÃóáúÝñ. æóÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÌóæúåóÑöíøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì ÈöÖúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ ÝóãóäóÚó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÈöÖúÚóÉñ æóÚöÔúÑõæäó. Åöáóì ÊöÓúÚöíäó¡ æóÝöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö «ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÖúÚñ æóÓöÊøõæäó» . æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò «æóÓóÈúÚõæäó ÔõÚúÈóÉð ÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ Þóæúáõ: áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ. æóÃóÏúäóÇåóÇ ÅöãóÇØóÉõ ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö» .
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáÖøóãöíÑó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÃóäúÓóÇåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÐößúÑó ÑóÈøöåö} [íæÓÝ: 42] . ÚóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó. ÝóÞóÏú ÖóÚõÝó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó. æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÖóÚöíÝñ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåòº(1/477)
ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÈöÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÎõæÒöíøõ Çáúãóßøöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ æóãõÑúÓóáõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ¡ æóáóÇÓöíøóãóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÇáúÃóÍúÑóì¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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{æóÞóÇáó Çáúãóáößõ Åöäøöí ÃóÑóì ÓóÈúÚó ÈóÞóÑóÇÊò ÓöãóÇäò íóÃúßõáõåõäøó ÓóÈúÚñ ÚöÌóÇÝñ æóÓóÈúÚó ÓõäúÈõáóÇÊò ÎõÖúÑò æóÃõÎóÑó íóÇÈöÓóÇÊò íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãóáóÃõ ÃóÝúÊõæäöí Ýöí ÑõÄúíóÇíó Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú áöáÑøõÄúíóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÑõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÖúÛóÇËõ ÃóÍúáóÇãò æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍúáóÇãö ÈöÚóÇáöãöíäó æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí äóÌóÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóÇÏøóßóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ÃõãøóÉò ÃóäóÇ ÃõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÝóÃóÑúÓöáõæäöí íõæÓõÝõ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÃóÝúÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈúÚö ÈóÞóÑóÇÊò ÓöãóÇäò íóÃúßõáõåõäøó ÓóÈúÚñ ÚöÌóÇÝñ æóÓóÈúÚö ÓõäúÈõáóÇÊò ÎõÖúÑò æóÃõÎóÑó íóÇÈöÓóÇÊò áóÚóáøöí ÃóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó ÞóÇáó ÊóÒúÑóÚõæäó ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó ÏóÃóÈðÇ ÝóãóÇ ÍóÕóÏúÊõãú ÝóÐóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÓõäúÈõáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæäó Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ðóáößó ÓóÈúÚñ ÔöÏóÇÏñ íóÃúßõáúäó ãóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõãú áóåõäøó ÅöáøóÇ ÞóáöíáðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊõÍúÕöäõæäó Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ðóáößó ÚóÇãñ Ýöíåö íõÛóÇËõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ æóÝöíåö íóÚúÕöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 43] Ãóíú ÃóÎúáóÇØõ ÃóÍúáóÇãò ãöäó Çááøóíúáö áóÚóáøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúÈöíÑó áóåóÇ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÎöÈúÑóÉó áóäóÇ ÈöÐóáößóº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ:(1/479)
{æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍúáóÇãö ÈöÚóÇáöãöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 44] . ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÊóÐóßøóÑó ÇáäøóÇÌöí ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí æóÕøóÇåõ íõæÓõÝõ ÈöÃóäú íóÐúßõÑóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåö ÝóäóÓöíó Åöáóì Íöíäöåö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Úóäú ÊóÞúÏöíÑö Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó æóáóåõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÑõÄúíóÇ Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÑóÃóì ÚóÌúÒó ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóäú ÊóÚúÈöíÑöåóÇ ÊóÐóßøóÑó ÃóãúÑó íõæÓõÝó æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóæúÕóÇåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÐúßóÇÑöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÞóÇáó ÇáøóÐöí äóÌóÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóÇÏøóßóÑó} [íæÓÝ: 45] . Ãóíú ÊóÐóßøóÑó {ÈóÚúÏó ÃõãøóÉò} [íæÓÝ: 45] Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó ãõÏøóÉò ãöäó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÈöÖúÚõ Óöäöíäó. æóÞóÑóÃó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ Íõßöíó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßö: " æóÇÏøóßóÑó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóãóåò " Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó äöÓúíóÇäò. æóÞóÑóÃóåóÇ ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: " ÈóÚúÏó Ãóãúåò " ÈöÅöÓúßóÇäö Çáúãöíãö¡ æóåõæó ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ. íõÞóÇáõ: Ãóãöåó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ íóÃúãóåõ ÃóãóåðÇ¡ æóÃóãúåðÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÓöíó ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ:
ÃóãöåúÊõ æóßõäúÊõ áóÇ ÃóäúÓóì ÍóÏöíËðÇ ... ßóÐóÇßó ÇáÏøóåúÑõ íõÑúÏöí ÈöÇáúÚóÞõæáö
. ÝóÞóÇáó áöÞóæúãöåö æóáöáúãóáößö: {ÃóäóÇ ÃõäóÈøöÆõßõãú ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö ÝóÃóÑúÓöáõæäö} [íæÓÝ: 45] . Ãóíú ÝóÃóÑúÓöáõæäöí Åöáóì íõæÓõÝó. ÝóÌóÇÁóåõ ÝóÞóÇáó: {íõæÓõÝõ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ÃóÝúÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÓóÈúÚö ÈóÞóÑóÇÊò ÓöãóÇäò íóÃúßõáõåõäøó ÓóÈúÚñ ÚöÌóÇÝñ æóÓóÈúÚö ÓõäúÈõáóÇÊò ÎõÖúÑò æóÃõÎóÑó íóÇÈöÓóÇÊò áóÚóáøöí ÃóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 46] . æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó Çáúãóáößó áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ áóåõ ÇáäøóÇÌöí ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóÇåõ Åöáóì ÍóÖúÑóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÝóÝóÓøóÑóåõ áóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóáóØñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ ÞóÕøóåõ Çááøóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÑøóÈóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÌóåóáóÉõ ÇáËøöíÑóÇäõ ãöäú ÞóÑóÇÆöÆó(1/480)
æóÑõÈøóÇäò. ÝóÈóÐóáó íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöáóÇ ÊóÃóÎøõÑò æóáóÇ ÔóÑúØò æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó ÇáúÎõÑõæÌó ÓóÑöíÚðÇ¡ Èóáú ÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓóÃóáõæÇ¡ æóÚóÈøóÑó áóåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ãóäóÇãö Çáúãóáößö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ÓóÈúÚö Óöäöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÎöÕúÈö æóíóÚúÞõÈõåóÇ ÓóÈúÚñ ÌõÏúÈñ {Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ðóáößó ÚóÇãñ Ýöíåö íõÛóÇËõ ÇáäøóÇÓõ} [íæÓÝ: 49] . íóÚúäöí íóÃúÊöíåöãõ ÇáúÛóíúËõ æóÇáúÎöÕúÈõ æóÇáÑøóÝóÇåöíóÉõ {æóÝöíåö íóÚúÕöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 49] íóÚúäöí ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÕöÑõæäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÕóÇÈö æóÇáúÃóÚúäóÇÈö æóÇáÒøóíúÊõæäö æóÇáÓøöãúÓöãö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ. ÝóÚóÈøóÑó áóåõãú æóÚóáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö Ïóáøóåõãú æóÃóÑúÔóÏóåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÚúÊóãöÏõæäóåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÊóíú ÎöÕúÈöåöãú æóÌóÏúÈöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ ãöäö ÇÏøöÎóÇÑö ÍõÈõæÈö Óöäöíøö ÇáúÎöÕúÈö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÇáúÃõæóáö Ýöí ÓõäúÈõáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõÑúÕóÏõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáúÃóßúáö¡ æóãöäú ÊóÞúáöíáö ÇáúÈóÐúÑö Ýöí Óöäöíøö ÇáúÌóÏúÈö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÅöÐö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÇáúÈóÐúÑó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞúáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóßóãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÇáúÝóåúãö.
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[íõæÓõÝó: 50 - 53] . áóãøóÇ ÃóÍóÇØó Çáúãóáößõ ÚöáúãðÇ ÈößóãóÇáö Úöáúãö íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÊóãóÇãö ÚóÞúáöåö æóÑóÃúíöåö ÇáÓøóÏöíÏö æóÝóåúãöåö¡ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÍúÖóÇÑöåö Åöáóì ÍóÖúÑóÊöåö áöíóßõæäó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÍóÈøó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌó ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÍõÈöÓó ÙõáúãðÇ æóÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÈóÑöíÁõ ÇáÓøóÇÍóÉö ãöãøóÇ äóÓóÈõæåõ Åöáóíúåö(1/481)
ÈõåúÊóÇäðÇ {ÞóÇáó ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÑóÈøößó} [íæÓÝ: 50] . íóÚúäöí Çáúãóáößó {ÝóÇÓúÃóáúåõ ãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇáäøöÓúæóÉö ÇááøóÇÊöí ÞóØøóÚúäó ÃóíúÏöíóåõäøó Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÈößóíúÏöåöäøó Úóáöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 50] . Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ: Åöäøó ÓóíøöÏöí ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó íóÚúáóãõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÊöí ãöãøóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóíøó Ãóíú ÝóãõÑö Çáúãóáößó ÝóáúíóÓúÃóáúåõäøó ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöí ÇáÔøóÏöíÏõ ÚöäúÏó ãõÑóÇæóÏóÊöåöäøó ÅöíøóÇíó¡ æóÍóËøöåöäøó áöí Úóáóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÑóÔöíÏò æóáóÇ ÓóÏöíÏò. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓõÆöáúäó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇÚúÊóÑóÝúäó ÈöãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäú ÎóØóÃö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÍóãöíÏö {æóÞõáúäó ÍóÇÔó áöáøóåö ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÓõæÁò} [íæÓÝ: 51] . ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó {ÞóÇáóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö} [íæÓÝ: 51] æóåöíó ÒóáöíÎóÇ {ÇáúÂäó ÍóÕúÍóÕó ÇáúÍóÞøõ} [íæÓÝ: 51] . Ãóíúº ÙóåóÑó æóÊóÈóíøóäó æóæóÖóÍó¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íõÊøóÈóÚó {ÃóäóÇ ÑóÇæóÏúÊõåõ Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö æóÅöäøóåõ áóãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 51] . Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÑöÆñ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõÑóÇæöÏúäöí¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÍõÈöÓó ÙõáúãðÇ æóÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ æóÒõæÑðÇ æóÈõåúÊóÇäðÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {Ðóáößó áöíóÚúáóãó Ãóäøöí áóãú ÃóÎõäúåõ ÈöÇáúÛóíúÈö æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóåúÏöí ßóíúÏó ÇáúÎóÇÆöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 52] . Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö íõæÓõÝó. Ãóíú ÅöäøóãóÇ ØóáóÈúÊõ ÊóÍúÞöíÞó åóÐóÇ áöíóÚúáóãó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ Ãóäøöí áóãú ÃóÎõäúåõ ÈöÙóåúÑö ÇáúÛóíúÈö. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ßóáóÇãö ÒóáöíÎóÇ Ãóíú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÝúÊõ ÈöåóÐóÇ áöíóÚúáóãó ÒóæúÌöí Ãóäøöí áóãú ÃóÎõäúåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÑóÇæóÏóÉð áóãú íóÞóÚú ãóÚóåóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ÝóÇÍöÔóÉò. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí äóÕóÑóåõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íóÍúßö ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Óöæóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö {æóãóÇ ÃõÈóÑøöÆõ äóÝúÓöí Åöäøó ÇáäøóÝúÓó áóÃóãøóÇÑóÉñ ÈöÇáÓøõæÁö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÑóÍöãó ÑóÈøöí Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑóÍöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 53] . Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö íõæÓõÝó. æóÞöíáó: ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÒóáöíÎóÇ. æóåõæó ãõÝóÑøóÚñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÇáúÃóæøóáóíúäö. æóßóæúäõåõ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ßóáóÇãö ÒóáöíÎóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ æóÃóäúÓóÈõ¡ æóÃóÞúæóì¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/482)
{æóÞóÇáó Çáúãóáößõ ÇÆúÊõæäöí Èöåö ÃóÓúÊóÎúáöÕúåõ áöäóÝúÓöí ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóáøóãóåõ ÞóÇáó Åöäøóßó Çáúíóæúãó áóÏóíúäóÇ ãóßöíäñ Ãóãöíäñ ÞóÇáó ÇÌúÚóáúäöí Úóáóì ÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Åöäøöí ÍóÝöíÙñ Úóáöíãñ æóßóÐóáößó ãóßøóäøóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóÊóÈóæøóÃõ ãöäúåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÔóÇÁõ äõÕöíÈõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ æóáóÇ äõÖöíÚõ ÃóÌúÑó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó æóáóÃóÌúÑõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÎóíúÑñ áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 54] . Ãóíú ÃóÌúÚóáúåõ ãöäú ÎóÇÕøóÊöí æóãöäú ÃóßóÇÈöÑö ÏóæúáóÊöí æóãöäú ÃóÚúíóÇäö ÍóÇÔöíóÊöí¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóáøóãóåõ æóÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóåõ æóÊóÈóíøóäó ÍóÇáóåõ {ÞóÇáó Åöäøóßó Çáúíóæúãó áóÏóíúäóÇ ãóßöíäñ Ãóãöíäñ} [íæÓÝ: 54] . Ãóíú Ðõæ ãóßóÇäóÉò æóÃóãóÇäóÉò {ÞóÇáó ÇÌúÚóáúäöí Úóáóì ÎóÒóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö Åöäøöí ÍóÝöíÙñ Úóáöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 55] . ØóáóÈó Ãóäú íõæóáøöíóåõ ÇáäøóÙóÑó ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÃóåúÑóÇÁö áöãóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÚõ ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÎóáóáö ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÖöíøö ÓóÈúÚö Óöäöíøö ÇáúÎöÕúÈö áöíóäúÙõÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÈöãóÇ íõÑúÖöí Çááøóåó Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö áóåõãú æóÇáÑøöÝúÞö Èöåöãú¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑó Çáúãóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÝöíÙñ Ãóíú Þóæöíøñ Úóáóì ÍöÝúÙö ãóÇ áóÏóíúåö Ãóãöíäñ Úóáóíúåö Úóáöíãñ ÈöÖóÈúØö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÃóåúÑóÇÁö¡ æóÝöí åóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ØóáóÈö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö áöãóäú Úóáöãó ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉó æóÇáúßóÝóÇÁóÉó¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÚóÙøóãó íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÓóáøóØóåõ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó æóÃóáúÈóÓóåõ ÎóÇÊóãóåõ æóÃóáúÈóÓóåõ ÇáúÍóÑöíÑó æóØóæøóÞóåõ ÇáÐøóåóÈó æóÍóãóáóåõ Úóáóì ãóÑúßóÈöåö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóäõæÏöíó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö ÃóäúÊó ÑóÈøñ Ãóíú ãóÇáößñ æóãõÓóáøóØñ. æóÞóÇáó(1/483)
áóåõ: áóÓúÊõ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäúßó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúßõÑúÓöíøö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóÇäó íõæÓõÝõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÇÈúäó ËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÒóæúÌõåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉó ÇáÔøóÃúäö.
æóÍóßóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÒóáó ÞöØúÝöíÑó Úóäú æóÙöíÝóÊöåö æóæóáøóÇåóÇ íõæÓõÝó. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó ÒóæøóÌóåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÒóáöíÎóÇ ÝóæóÌóÏóåóÇ ÚóÐúÑóÇÁóº áöÃóäøó ÒóæúÌóåóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó ÝóæóáóÏóÊú áöíõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÑóÌõáóíúäö¡ æóåóãóÇ ÃóÝúÑóÇËöíãõ¡ æóãóäúÔóÇ. ÞóÇáó: æóÇÓúÊóæúËóÞó áöíõæÓõÝó ãõáúßõ ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÚóãöáó Ýöíåöãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö ÝóÃóÍóÈøóåõ ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ. æóÍõßöíó Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó ßóÇäó íóæúãó ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì Çáúãóáößö ÚõãõÑõåõ ËóáóÇËöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóäøó Çáúãóáößó ÎóÇØóÈóåõ ÈöÓóÈúÚöíäó áõÛóÉð¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó íõÌóÇæöÈõåõ Èößõáøö áõÛóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÃóÚúÌóÈóåõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÍóÏóÇËóÉö Óöäøöåö. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ãóßøóäøóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö íóÊóÈóæøóÃõ ãöäúåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÔóÇÁõ} [íæÓÝ: 56] . Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÓøóÌúäö æóÇáÖøöíÞö æóÇáúÍóÕúÑö ÕóÇÑó ãõØúáóÞó ÇáÑøößóÇÈö ÈöÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó {íóÊóÈóæøóÃõ ãöäúåóÇ ÍóíúËõ íóÔóÇÁõ} [íæÓÝ: 56] . Ãóíú Ãóíúäó ÔóÇÁó Íóáøó ãöäúåóÇ ãõßúÑóãðÇ ãóÍúÓõæÏðÇ ãõÚóÙøóãðÇ {äõÕöíÈõ ÈöÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ æóáóÇ äõÖöíÚõ ÃóÌúÑó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 56] . Ãóíú åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöäú ÌóÒóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóËóæóÇÈöåö áöáúãõÄúãöäö ãóÚó ãóÇ íóÏøóÎöÑõ áóåõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúÑö ÇáúÌóÒöíáö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãöíáöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÃóÌúÑõ ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÎóíúÑñ áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 57] . æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÃóØúÝöíÑó ÒóæúÌó ÒóáöíÎóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó. ÝóæóáøóÇåõ Çáúãóáößõ ãóßóÇäóåõ æóÒóæøóÌóåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ÒóáöíÎóÇ ÝóßóÇäó æóÒöíÑó ÕöÏúÞò.
æóÐóßóÑó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Ãóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ãöÕúÑó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÇáÑøóíøóÇäö ÃóÓúáóãó Úóáóì íóÏóíú íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó(1/484)
ÈóÚúÖõåõãú:
æóÑóÇÁó ãóÖöíÞö ÇáúÎóæúÝö íóÊøóÓöÚõ ÇáúÃóãúäõ ... æóÃóæøóáõ ãóÝúÑõæÍò Èöåö ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÍõÒúäö
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[íõæÓõÝó: 58 - 62] . íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÞõÏõæãö ÅöÎúæóÉö íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö íóãúÊóÇÑõæäó ØóÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÊúíóÇäö Óöäöíøö ÇáúÌóÏúÈö æóÚõãõæãöåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ æóßóÇäó íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó Ýöí ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÏöíäðÇ æóÏõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÑóÝóåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæåõ áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÎúØõÑú ÈöÈóÇáöåöãú ãóÇ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáúãóßóÇäóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÙóãóÉö¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝóåõãú æóåõãú áóåõ ãõäúßöÑõæäó æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÓóÌóÏõæÇ áóåõ ÝóÚóÑóÝóåõãú¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæåõ ÝóÃóÛúáóÙó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö. æóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÌóæóÇÓöíÓõ ÌöÆúÊõãú áöÊóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ÎóÈóÑó ÈöáóÇÏöí. ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌöÆúäóÇ äóãúÊóÇÑõ áöÞóæúãöäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúÏö æóÇáúÌõæÚö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÕóÇÈóäóÇ¡ æóäóÍúäõ Èóäõæ ÃóÈò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ßóäúÚóÇäó¡ æóäóÍúäõ ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÐóåóÈó ãöäøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÕóÛöíÑõäóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöíäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÃóÓúÊóÚúáöãó ÃóãúÑóßõãú. æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÈóÓóåõãú ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò(1/485)
Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõãú¡ æóÇÍúÊóÈóÓó ÔóãúÚõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ áöíóÃúÊõæåõ ÈöÇáúÃóÎö ÇáúÂÎóÑö. æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóãøóÇ ÌóåøóÒóåõãú ÈöÌóåóÇÒöåöãú} [íæÓÝ: 59] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúØóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãöíÑóÉö ãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÚóÇÏóÊõåõ Ýöí ÅöÚúØóÇÁö ßõáøö ÅöäúÓóÇäò Íöãúáó ÈöÚöíÑò áóÇ íóÒöíÏõåõ Úóáóíúåö {ÞóÇáó ÇÆúÊõæäöí ÈöÃóÎò áóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÈöíßõãú} [íæÓÝ: 59] . æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓóÃóáóåõãú Úóäú ÍóÇáöåöãú æóßóãú åõãú ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: ßõäøóÇ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÝóÐóåóÈó ãöäøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ æóÈóÞöíó ÔóÞöíÞõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöíäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏöãúÊõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇãö ÇáúãõÞúÈöáö ÝóÃúÊõæäöí Èöåö ãóÚóßõãú {ÃóáóÇ ÊóÑóæúäó Ãóäøöí ÃõæÝöí Çáúßóíúáó æóÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúãõäúÒöáöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 59] . Ãóíú ÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäúÊõ äõÒõáóßõãú æóÞöÑóÇßõãú ÝóÑóÛøóÈóåõãú áöíóÃúÊõæåõ Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÑóåøóÈóåõãú Åöäú áóãú íóÃúÊõæåõ Èöåö ÞóÇáó: {ÝóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÃúÊõæäöí Èöåö ÝóáóÇ ßóíúáó áóßõãú ÚöäúÏöí æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈõæäö} [íæÓÝ: 60] . Ãóíú ÝóáóÓúÊõ ÃõÚúØöíßõãú ãöíÑóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÞúÑóÈõßõãú ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÚóßúÓõ ãóÇ ÃóÓúÏóì Åöáóíúåöãú ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóåóÏó Ýöí ÅöÍúÖóÇÑöåö ãóÚóåõãú áöíóÈõáøó ÔóæúÞóåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúåöíÈö¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÓóäõÑóÇæöÏõ Úóäúåõ ÃóÈóÇåõ} [íæÓÝ: 61] . Ãóíú ÓóäóÌúÊóåöÏõ Ýöí ãóÌöíÆöåö ãóÚóäóÇ¡ æóÅöÊúíóÇäöåö Åöáóíúßó Èößõáøö ãõãúßöäò {æóÅöäøóÇ áóÝóÇÚöáõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 61] Ãóíú æóÅöäøóÇ áóÞóÇÏöÑõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑó ÝöÊúíóÇäóåõ Ãóäú íóÖóÚõæÇ ÈöÖóÇÚóÊóåõãú¡ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁõæÇ Èöåö íóÊóÚóæøóÖõæäó Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúãöíÑóÉö Ýöí ÃóãúÊöÚóÊöåöãú ãöäú ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó ÈöåóÇ {áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÞóáóÈõæÇ Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåöãú áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÑúÌöÚõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 62] . Þöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÑõÏøõæåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏõæåóÇ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏöåöãú. æóÞöíáó: ÎóÔöíó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõæäó Èöåö ãóÑøóÉð ËóÇäöíóÉð. æóÞöíáó: ÊóÐóãøóãó Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãöäúåõãú ÚöæóÖðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãöíÑóÉö.
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{ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ãõäöÚó ãöäøóÇ Çáúßóíúáõ ÝóÃóÑúÓöáú ãóÚóäóÇ ÃóÎóÇäóÇ äóßúÊóáú æóÅöäøóÇ áóåõ áóÍóÇÝöÙõæäó ÞóÇáó åóáú Âãóäõßõãú Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ßóãóÇ ÃóãöäúÊõßõãú Úóáóì ÃóÎöíåö ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ æóåõæó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó æóáóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍõæÇ ãóÊóÇÚóåõãú æóÌóÏõæÇ ÈöÖóÇÚóÊóåõãú ÑõÏøóÊú Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ãóÇ äóÈúÛöí åóÐöåö ÈöÖóÇÚóÊõäóÇ ÑõÏøóÊú ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóäóãöíÑõ ÃóåúáóäóÇ æóäóÍúÝóÙõ ÃóÎóÇäóÇ æóäóÒúÏóÇÏõ ßóíúáó ÈóÚöíÑò Ðóáößó ßóíúáñ íóÓöíÑñ ÞóÇáó áóäú ÃõÑúÓöáóåõ ãóÚóßõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊõÄúÊõæäö ãóæúËöÞðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö áóÊóÃúÊõäøóäöí Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÍóÇØó Èößõãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÊóæúåõ ãóæúËöÞóåõãú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞõæáõ æóßöíáñ æóÞóÇáó íóÇ Èóäöíøó áóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈò æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈò ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò æóãóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Åöäö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÅöáøóÇ áöáøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÊóæóßøóáúÊõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÝóáúíóÊóæóßøóáö ÇáúãõÊóæóßøöáõæäó æóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÃóÈõæåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÛúäöí Úóäúåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÞóÖóÇåóÇ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÐõæ Úöáúãò áöãóÇ ÚóáøóãúäóÇåõ æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 63]
[íõæÓõÝó: 63 - 68] .
íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåöãú æóÞóæúáöåöãú áóåõ: {ãõäöÚó ãöäøóÇ Çáúßóíúáõ} [íæÓÝ: 63] . Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó ÚóÇãöäóÇ åóÐóÇ Åöäú áóãú ÊõÑúÓöáú ãóÚóäóÇ ÃóÎóÇäóÇ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÑúÓóáúÊóåõ ãóÚóäóÇ áóãú íõãúäóÚú ãöäøóÇ {æóáóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍõæÇ ãóÊóÇÚóåõãú æóÌóÏõæÇ ÈöÖóÇÚóÊóåõãú ÑõÏøóÊú Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ãóÇ äóÈúÛöí} [íæÓÝ: 65] . Ãóíú Ãóíøó ÔóíúÁò äõÑöíÏõ æóÞóÏú ÑõÏøóÊú ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÈöÖóÇÚóÊõäóÇ {æóäóãöíÑõ ÃóåúáóäóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 65] Ãóíú äóãúÊóÇÑõ áóåõãú¡ æóäóÃúÊöíåöãú ÈöãóÇ íõÕúáöÍõåõãú Ýöí ÓóäóÊöåöãú¡ æóãóÍúáöåöãú {æóäóÍúÝóÙõ ÃóÎóÇäóÇ æóäóÒúÏóÇÏõ} [íæÓÝ: 65] . ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ßóíúáó ÈóÚöíÑò ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ðóáößó ßóíúáñ íóÓöíÑñ} [íæÓÝ: 65] . Ãóíú Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÐóåóÇÈö æóáóÏöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóßóÇäó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóÖóäøó ÔóíúÁò ÈöæóáóÏöåö ÈöäúíóÇãöíäóº áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÔõãøõ Ýöíåö ÑóÇÆöÍóÉó ÃóÎöíåö æóíóÊóÓóáøóì Èöåö Úóäúåõ¡ æóíóÊóÚóæøóÖõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {áóäú ÃõÑúÓöáóåõ ãóÚóßõãú ÍóÊøóì ÊõÄúÊõæäö ãóæúËöÞðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö áóÊóÃúÊõäøóäöí Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÍóÇØó Èößõãú} [íæÓÝ: 66] . Ãóíú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÛúáóÈõæÇ ßõáøõßõãú Úóäö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö Èöåö {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÂÊóæúåõ ãóæúËöÞóåõãú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞõæáõ æóßöíáñ} [íæÓÝ: 66] . ÃóßøóÏó ÇáúãóæóÇËöíÞó æóÞóÑøóÑó ÇáúÚõåõæÏó æóÇÍúÊóÇØó áöäóÝúÓöåö Ýöí æóáóÏöåö¡ æóáóäú íõÛúäöíó ÍóÐóÑñ ãöäú ÞóÏóÑò¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÊõåõ(1/487)
æóÍóÇÌóÉõ Þóæúãöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãöíÑóÉö áóãóÇ ÈóÚóËó ÇáúæóáóÏó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÃóÞúÏóÇÑó áóåóÇ ÃóÍúßóÇãñ¡ æóÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íõÞóÏøöÑõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóíóÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ æóíóÍúßõãõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÇáúÚóáöíãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõãú Ãóäú áóÇ íóÏúÎõáõæÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ãöäú ÈóÇÈò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóáóßöäú áöíóÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÈúæóÇÈò ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò. Þöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú áóÇ íõÕöíÈóåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÇáúÚóíúäö¡ æóÐóáößóº áöÃóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÔúßóÇáðÇ ÍóÓóäóÉð¡ æóÕõæóÑðÇ ÈóÏöíÚóÉð ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ. æóÞöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÌöÏõæäó ÎóÈóÑðÇ áöíõæÓõÝó Ãóæú íõÍóÏøóËõæäó Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóíúÓóÑö ÔóíúÁò ÞóÇáóåõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÙúåóÑõº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóãóÇ ÃõÛúäöí Úóäúßõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò} [íæÓÝ: 67] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÃóÈõæåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäó íõÛúäöí Úóäúåõãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÞóÖóÇåóÇ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÐõæ Úöáúãò áöãóÇ ÚóáøóãúäóÇåõ æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓö áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 68] .
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚóËó ãóÚóåõãú åóÏöíøóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÓúÊõÞö æóÇááøóæúÒö æóÇáÕøóäóæúÈóÑö æóÇáúÈõØúãö æóÇáúÚóÓóáö¡ æóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáÏøóÑóÇåöãó ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóÚóÑúÖðÇ ÂÎóÑó.
{æóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó Âæóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÎóÇåõ ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÃóÎõæßó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúÊóÆöÓú ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóåøóÒóåõãú ÈöÌóåóÇÒöåöãú ÌóÚóáó ÇáÓøöÞóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÑóÍúáö ÃóÎöíåö Ëõãøó ÃóÐøóäó ãõÄóÐøöäñ ÃóíøóÊõåóÇ ÇáúÚöíÑõ Åöäøóßõãú áóÓóÇÑöÞõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ æóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÝúÞöÏõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÝúÞöÏõ ÕõæóÇÚó Çáúãóáößö æóáöãóäú ÌóÇÁó Èöåö Íöãúáõ ÈóÚöíÑò æóÃóäóÇ Èöåö ÒóÚöíãñ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊõãú ãóÇ ÌöÆúäóÇ áöäõÝúÓöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÓóÇÑöÞöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÝóãóÇ ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ ãóäú æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÑóÍúáöåö Ýóåõæó ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó ÝóÈóÏóÃó ÈöÃóæúÚöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÈúáó æöÚóÇÁö ÃóÎöíåö Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ ãöäú æöÚóÇÁö ÃóÎöíåö ßóÐóáößó ßöÏúäóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíóÃúÎõÐó ÃóÎóÇåõ Ýöí Ïöíäö Çáúãóáößö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ æóÝóæúÞó ßõáøö Ðöí Úöáúãò Úóáöíãñ ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäú íóÓúÑöÞú ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞó ÃóÎñ áóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝóÃóÓóÑøóåóÇ íõæÓõÝõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö æóáóãú íõÈúÏöåóÇ áóåõãú ÞóÇáó ÃóäúÊõãú ÔóÑøñ ãóßóÇäðÇ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÕöÝõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ Åöäøó áóåõ ÃóÈðÇ ÔóíúÎðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ ÝóÎõÐú ÃóÍóÏóäóÇ ãóßóÇäóåõ ÅöäøóÇ äóÑóÇßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó ÞóÇáó ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö Ãóäú äóÃúÎõÐó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú æóÌóÏúäóÇ ãóÊóÇÚóäóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÙóÇáöãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 69]
[íõæÓõÝó: 69 - 79] .(1/488)
íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú Íöíäó ÏóÎóáõæÇ ÈöÃóÎöíåöãú ÈöäúíóÇãöíäó Úóáóì ÔóÞöíÞöåö íõæÓõÝó¡ æóÅöíæóÇÆöåö Åöáóíúåö æóÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö áóåõ ÓöÑøðÇ Úóäúåõãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÎõæåõ¡ æóÃóãúÑöåö ÈößóÊúãö Ðóáößó Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÓóáøóÇåõ ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓóÇÁóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇÍúÊóÇáó Úóáóì ÃóÎúÐöåö ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÊóÑúßöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ïõæäóåõãú¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÝöÊúíóÇäóåõ ÈöæóÖúÚö ÓöÞóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó íóÔúÑóÈõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóíóßöíáõ ÈöåóÇ áöáäøóÇÓö ÇáØøóÚóÇãó ãöäú ÚöÒøóÊöåö Ýöí ãóÊóÇÚö ÈöäúíóÇãöíäó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚúáóãóåõãú ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞõæÇ ÕõæóÇÚó Çáúãóáößö¡ æóæóÚóÏóåõãú ÌöÚóÇáóÉð Úóáóì ÑóÏøöåö Íöãúáó ÈóÚöíÑò¡ æóÖóãöäóåõ ÇáúãõäóÇÏöí áóåõãú ÝóÃóÞúÈóáõæÇ Úóáóì ãóäö ÇÊøóåóãóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÃóäøóÈõæåõ¡ æóåóÌøóäõæåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ áóåõãú¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: {ÊóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊõãú ãóÇ ÌöÆúäóÇ áöäõÝúÓöÏó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÓóÇÑöÞöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 73] . íóÞõæáõæäó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ãöäøóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó ãóÇ ÑóãóíúÊõãõæäóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÝóãóÇ ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ßóÇÐöÈöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ ãóäú æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÑóÍúáöåö Ýóåõæó ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 74] . æóåóÐöåö ßóÇäóÊú ÔóÑöíÚóÊóåõãú Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞó íõÏúÝóÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÓúÑõæÞö ãöäúåõº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {ßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 75] . ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÈóÏóÃó ÈöÃóæúÚöíóÊöåöãú ÞóÈúáó æöÚóÇÁö ÃóÎöíåö Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ ãöäú æöÚóÇÁö ÃóÎöíåö} [íæÓÝ: 76] . áöíóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÃóÈúÚóÏó áöáÊøõåúãóÉö æóÃóÈúáóÛó Ýöí ÇáúÍöíáóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÐóáößó ßöÏúäóÇ áöíõæÓõÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíóÃúÎõÐó ÃóÎóÇåõ Ýöí Ïöíäö Çáúãóáößö} [íæÓÝ: 76] . Ãóíú áóæúáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝõåõãú ÈöÃóäøó ÌóÒóÇÁóåõ ãóäú æõÌöÏó(1/489)
Ýöí ÑóÍúáöåö Ýóåõæó ÌóÒóÇÄõåõ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÞúÏöÑõ íõæÓõÝõ Úóáóì ÃóÎúÐöåö ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÓöíóÇÓóÉö ãóáößö ãöÕúÑó {ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ äóÑúÝóÚõ ÏóÑóÌóÇÊò ãóäú äóÔóÇÁõ} [íæÓÝ: 76] . Ãóíú Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö {æóÝóæúÞó ßõáøö Ðöí Úöáúãò Úóáöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 76] . æóÐóáößóº áöÃóäøó íõæÓõÝó ßóÇäó ÃóÚúáóãó ãöäúåõãú æóÃóÊóãøó ÑóÃúíðÇ æóÃóÞúæóì ÚóÒúãðÇ æóÍóÒúãðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Úóäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößóº áöÃóäøóåõ íóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ ÚóÙöíãóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÞõÏõæãö ÃóÈöíåö æóÞóæúãöåö Úóáóíúåö æóæõÝõæÏöåöãú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇíóäõæÇ ÇÓúÊöÎúÑóÇÌó ÇáÕøõæóÇÚö ãöäú Íöãúáö ÈöäúíóÇãöíäó {ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäú íóÓúÑöÞú ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞó ÃóÎñ áóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ} [íæÓÝ: 77] . íóÚúäõæäó íõæÓõÝó. Þöíáó: ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞó Õóäóãó ÌóÏøöåö ÃóÈöí Ãõãøöåö ÝóßóÓóÑóåõ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäóÊú ÚóãøóÊõåõ ÞóÏú ÚóáøóÞóÊú Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäó ËöíóÇÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ÕóÛöíÑñ¡ ãöäúØóÞóÉð ßóÇäóÊú áöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõæåóÇ ãöäú Èóíúäö ËöíóÇÈöåö¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ ÈöãóÇ ÕóäóÚóÊú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóÊú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÝöí ÍóÖóÇäóÊöåóÇ áöãóÍóÈøóÊöåóÇ áóåõ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó íóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáØøóÚóÇãó ãöäó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóíõØúÚöãõåõ ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó. æóÞöíáó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {Åöäú íóÓúÑöÞú ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÑóÞó ÃóÎñ áóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝóÃóÓóÑøóåóÇ íõæÓõÝõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö} [íæÓÝ: 77] . æóåöíó ßóáöãóÊõåõ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÃóäúÊõãú ÔóÑøñ ãóßóÇäðÇ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÕöÝõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 77] . ÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú ÓöÑøðÇ áóÇ ÌóåúÑðÇ ÍöáúãðÇ æóßóÑóãðÇ æóÕóÝúÍðÇ æóÚóÝúæðÇ ÝóÏóÎóáõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑóÞøõÞö æóÇáÊøóÚóØøõÝö ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ Åöäøó áóåõ ÃóÈðÇ ÔóíúÎðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ ÝóÎõÐú ÃóÍóÏóäóÇ ãóßóÇäóåõ ÅöäøóÇ äóÑóÇßó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó ÞóÇáó ãóÚóÇÐó Çááøóåö Ãóäú äóÃúÎõÐó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú æóÌóÏúäóÇ ãóÊóÇÚóäóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐðÇ áóÙóÇáöãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 78] . Ãóíú Åöäú ÃóØúáóÞúäóÇ ÇáúãõÊøóåóãó æóÃóÎóÐúäóÇ ÇáúÈóÑöíÁó åóÐóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ äóÝúÚóáõåõ æóáóÇ äóÓúãóÍõ Èöåö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÃúÎõÐõ ãóäú æóÌóÏúäóÇ ãóÊóÇÚóäóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó ÊóÚóÑøóÝó Åöáóíúåöãú ÍöíäóÆöÐò. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÛóáöØõæÇ Ýöíåö æóáóãú íóÝúåóãõæåõ ÌóíøöÏðÇ.(1/490)
{ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÃóÓõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÕõæÇ äóÌöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó ßóÈöíÑõåõãú Ãóáóãú ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇßõãú ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó Úóáóíúßõãú ãóæúËöÞðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö æóãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúÊõãú Ýöí íõæÓõÝó Ýóáóäú ÃóÈúÑóÍó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÐóäó áöí ÃóÈöí Ãóæú íóÍúßõãó Çááøóåõ áöí æóåõæó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÇÑúÌöÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíßõãú ÝóÞõæáõæÇ íóÇÃóÈóÇäóÇ Åöäøó ÇÈúäóßó ÓóÑóÞó æóãóÇ ÔóåöÏúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ áöáúÛóíúÈö ÍóÇÝöÙöíäó æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ßõäøóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúÚöíÑó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÞúÈóáúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÅöäøóÇ áóÕóÇÏöÞõæäó ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÓóæøóáóÊú áóßõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÕóÈúÑñ Ìóãöíáñ ÚóÓóì Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóäöí Èöåöãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ æóÊóæóáøóì Úóäúåõãú æóÞóÇáó íóÇ ÃóÓóÝóì Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó æóÇÈúíóÖøóÊú ÚóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÒúäö Ýóåõæó ßóÙöíãñ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåö ÊóÝúÊóÃõ ÊóÐúßõÑõ íõæÓõÝó ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ÍóÑóÖðÇ Ãóæú Êóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúåóÇáößöíäó ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÔúßõæ ÈóËøöí æóÍõÒúäöí Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó íóÇÈóäöíøó ÇÐúåóÈõæÇ ÝóÊóÍóÓøóÓõæÇ ãöäú íõæÓõÝó æóÃóÎöíåö æóáóÇ ÊóíúÃóÓõæÇ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóíúÆóÓõ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 80]
[íõæÓõÝó: 80 - 87] .
íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäúåõãú Ãóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÃóÓõæÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÐöåö ãöäúåõ ÎóáóÕõæÇ íóÊóäóÇÌóæúäó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ÞóÇáó ßóÈöíÑõåõãú æóåõæó ÑõæÈöíáõ: {Ãóáóãú ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇßõãú ÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐó Úóáóíúßõãú ãóæúËöÞðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö} [íæÓÝ: 80] . áóÞóÏú ÃóÎúáóÝúÊõãú ÚóåúÏóåõ æóÝóÑøóØúÊõãú Ýöíåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúÊõãú Ýöí ÃóÎöíåö íõæÓõÝó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó áöí æóÌúåñ ÃõÞóÇÈöáõåõ Èöåö {Ýóáóäú ÃóÈúÑóÍó ÇáúÃóÑúÖó} [íæÓÝ: 80] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÃóÒóÇáõ ãõÞöíãðÇ åóÇåõäóÇ {ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÐóäó áöí ÃóÈöí} [íæÓÝ: 80] . Ýöí ÇáúÞõÏõæãö Úóáóíúåö: {Ãóæú íóÍúßõãó Çááøóåõ áöí} [íæÓÝ: 80] . ÈöÃóäú íõÞóÏøöÑóäöí Úóáóì ÑóÏøö ÃóÎöí Åöáóì ÃóÈöí {æóåõæó ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó ÇÑúÌöÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíßõãú ÝóÞõæáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ Åöäøó ÇÈúäóßó ÓóÑóÞó} [íæÓÝ: 80] . Ãóíú ÃóÎúÈöÑõæåõ ÈöãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöí ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö {æóãóÇ ÔóåöÏúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ áöáúÛóíúÈö ÍóÇÝöÙöíäó æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ßõäøóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúÚöíÑó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÞúÈóáúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 81] . Ãóíú ÝóÅöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÎúÈóÑúäóÇßó Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÎúÐöåöãú(1/491)
ÃóÎóÇäóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÓóÑóÞó ÃóãúÑñ ÇÔúÊóåóÑó ÈöãöÕúÑó¡ æóÚóáöãóåõ ÇáúÚöíÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ßõäøóÇ äóÍúäõ æóåõãú åõäóÇßó {æóÅöäøóÇ áóÕóÇÏöÞõæäó ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÓóæøóáóÊú áóßõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÕóÈúÑñ Ìóãöíáñ} [íæÓÝ: 82] . Ãóíú áóíúÓó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãú áóãú íóÓúÑöÞú ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÓóÌöíøóÉò áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÎõáõÞóåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ {ÓóæøóáóÊú áóßõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõßõãú ÃóãúÑðÇ ÝóÕóÈúÑñ Ìóãöíáñ} [íæÓÝ: 83] .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ: áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÈöäúíóÇãöíäó ãõÊóÑóÊøöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÕóäöíÚöåöãú Ýöí íõæÓõÝó ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ãóÇ ÞóÇáó. æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Åöäøó ãöäú ÌóÒóÇÁö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉö ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {ÚóÓóì Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíóäöí Èöåöãú ÌóãöíÚðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 83] . íóÚúäöí íõæÓõÝó æóÈöäúíóÇãöíäó æóÑõæÈöíáó Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ. Ãóíú ÈöÍóÇáöí¡ æóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÝöÑóÇÞö ÇáúÃóÍöÈøóÉö ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÝöíãóÇ íõÞóÏøöÑõåõ æóíóÝúÚóáõåõ æóáóåõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇáöÛóÉõ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ {æóÊóæóáøóì Úóäúåõãú} [íæÓÝ: 84] Ãóíú ÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú Èóäöíåö {æóÞóÇáó íóÇ ÃóÓóÝóì Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó} [íæÓÝ: 84] .
ÐóßøóÑóåõ ÍõÒúäõåõ ÇáúÌóÏöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÍõÒúäö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÍóÑøóßó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÇãöäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú:
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æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ:
áóÞóÏú áóÇãóäöí ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞõÈõæÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÈõßóÇ ... ÑóÝöíÞöí áöÊóÐúÑóÇÝö ÇáÏøõãõæÚö ÇáÓøóæóÇÝößö
. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóÈúßöí ßõáøó ÞóÈúÑò ÑóÃóíúÊóåõ ... áöÞóÈúÑò Ëóæóì Èóíúäó Çááøöæóì ÝóÇáÏøóßóÇÏößö¿(1/492)
ÝóÞõáúÊõ áóåõ Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÓóì íóÈúÚóËõ ÇáúÃóÓóì ÝóÏóÚúäöí
ÝóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÞóÈúÑõ ãóÇáößö
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÇÈúíóÖøóÊú ÚóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÒúäö} [íæÓÝ: 84] . Ãóíú ãöäú ßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÈõßóÇÁö {Ýóåõæó ßóÙöíãñ} [íæÓÝ: 84] Ãóíú ãõßúãóÏñ ãöäú ßóËúÑóÉö ÍõÒúäöåö¡ æóÃóÓóÝöåö æóÔóæúÞöåö Åöáóì íõæÓõÝó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì Èóäõæåõ ãóÇ íõÞóÇÓöíåö ãöäó ÇáúæóÍúÏóÉö¡ æóÃóáóãö ÇáúÝöÑóÇÞö. ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö áóåõ¡ æóÇáÑøóÃúÝóÉö Èöåö æóÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóíúåö: {ÊóÇááøóåö ÊóÝúÊóÃõ ÊóÐúßõÑõ íõæÓõÝó ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ÍóÑóÖðÇ Ãóæú Êóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúåóÇáößöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 85] . íóÞõæáõæäó: áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ÊóÊóÐóßøóÑõåõ ÍóÊøóì íóäúÍóáó ÌóÓóÏõßó¡ æóÊóÖúÚõÝó ÞõæøóÊõßó Ýóáóæú ÑóÝóÞúÊó ÈöäóÝúÓößó ßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì Èößó ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÔúßõæ ÈóËøöí æóÍõÒúäöí Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 86] . íóÞõæáõ áöÈóäöíåö: áóÓúÊõ ÃóÔúßõæ Åöáóíúßõãú¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÔúßõæ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíóÌúÚóáõ áöí ãöãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö ÝóÑóÌðÇ æóãóÎúÑóÌðÇ¡ æóÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÑõÄúíóÇ íõæÓõÝó áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÊóÞóÚó¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú ÃóÓúÌõÏó áóåõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÍóÓóÈó ãóÇ ÑóÃóìº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 86] Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ãõÍóÑøöÖðÇ Úóáóì ÊóØóáøõÈö íõæÓõÝó æóÃóÎöíåö æóÃóäú íóÈúÍóËõæÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑöåöãóÇ: {íóÇ Èóäöíøó ÇÐúåóÈõæÇ ÝóÊóÍóÓøóÓõæÇ ãöäú íõæÓõÝó æóÃóÎöíåö æóáóÇ ÊóíúÃóÓõæÇ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóíúÃóÓõ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 87] . Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóíúÃóÓõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóíúÃóÓõ ãöäú ÑóæúÍö Çááøóåö æóÝóÑóÌöåö æóãóÇ íõÞóÏøöÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúÑóÌö Ýöí ÇáúãóÖóÇíöÞö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑõæäó.(1/493)
{ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ãóÓøóäóÇ æóÃóåúáóäóÇ ÇáÖøõÑøõ æóÌöÆúäóÇ ÈöÈöÖóÇÚóÉò ãõÒúÌóÇÉò ÝóÃóæúÝö áóäóÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóÊóÕóÏøóÞú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞöíäó ÞóÇáó åóáú ÚóáöãúÊõãú ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõãú ÈöíõæÓõÝó æóÃóÎöíåö ÅöÐú ÃóäúÊõãú ÌóÇåöáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÆöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó íõæÓõÝõ ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ íõæÓõÝõ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÎöí ÞóÏú ãóäøó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøóåõ ãóäú íóÊøóÞö æóíóÕúÈöÑú ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÖöíÚõ ÃóÌúÑó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåó áóÞóÏú ÂËóÑóßó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ áóÎóÇØöÆöíäó ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóËúÑöíÈó Úóáóíúßõãõ Çáúíóæúãó íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóßõãú æóåõæó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó ÇÐúåóÈõæÇ ÈöÞóãöíÕöí åóÐóÇ ÝóÃóáúÞõæåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÃóÈöí íóÃúÊö ÈóÕöíÑðÇ æóÃúÊõæäöí ÈöÃóåúáößõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 88]
[íõæÓõÝó: 88 - 93] .
íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÑõÌõæÚö ÅöÎúæóÉö íõæÓõÝó Åöáóíúåö æóÞõÏõæãöåöãú Úóáóíúåö æóÑóÛúÈóÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ áóÏóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúãöíÑóÉö æóÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÑóÏøö ÃóÎöíåöãú ÈöäúíóÇãöíäó Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ãóÓøóäóÇ æóÃóåúáóäóÇ ÇáÖøõÑøõ} [íæÓÝ: 88] . Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáúÌóÏúÈö æóÖöíÞö ÇáúÍóÇáö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÚöíóÇáö {æóÌöÆúäóÇ ÈöÈöÖóÇÚóÉò ãõÒúÌóÇÉò} [íæÓÝ: 88] . Ãóíú ÖóÚöíÝóÉò áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöËúáõåóÇ ãöäøóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÊóÌóÇæóÒó ÚóäøóÇ. Þöíáó: ßóÇäóÊú ÏóÑóÇåöãó ÑóÏöíÆóÉð. æóÞöíáó: ÞóáöíáóÉð. æóÞöíáó: ÍóÈøó ÇáÕøóäóæúÈóÑö¡ æóÍóÈøó ÇáúÈõØúãö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäóÊú ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÑö æóÇáúÍöÈóÇáö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó. {ÝóÃóæúÝö áóäóÇ Çáúßóíúáó æóÊóÕóÏøóÞú ÚóáóíúäóÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÊóÕóÏøöÞöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 88] . Þöíáó: ÈöÞóÈõæáöåóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ. æóÞöíáó: ÈöÑóÏøö ÃóÎöíäóÇ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò. æóÞóÇáó ÓõÝúíóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚõíóíúäóÉó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍõÑøöãóÊö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó. æóäóÒóÚó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ãóÇ åõãú Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁõæÇ Èöåö ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÓöæóÇåõ ãöäú ÖóÚöíÝö ÇáúãóÇáö ÊóÚóÑøóÝó Åöáóíúåöãú æóÚóØóÝó Úóáóíúåöãú ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõãú Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÑóÈøöåö æóÑóÈøöåöãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÓóÑó áóåõãú Úóäú ÌóÈöíäöåö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö¡ æóãóÇ íóÍúæöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇáö Ýöíåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúÑöÝõæäó {åóáú ÚóáöãúÊõãú ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõãú ÈöíõæÓõÝó æóÃóÎöíåö ÅöÐú ÃóäúÊõãú ÌóÇåöáõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ} [íæÓÝ: 89] æóÊóÚóÌøóÈõæÇ ßõáøó ÇáúÚóÌóÈö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑóÏøóÏõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ãöÑóÇÑðÇ ÚóÏöíÏóÉð¡ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäó Ãóäøóåõ åõæó {ÃóÅöäøóßó áóÃóäúÊó íõæÓõÝõ ÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ íõæÓõÝõ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÎöí} [íæÓÝ: 90] .(1/494)
íóÚúäöí: ÃóäóÇ íõæÓõÝõ ÇáøóÐöí ÕóäóÚúÊõãú ãóÚóåõ ãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊõãú¡ æóÓóáóÝó ãöäú ÃóãúÑößõãú Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúÊõãú. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÎöí} [íæÓÝ: 90] ÊóÃúßöíÏñ áöãóÇ ÞóÇáó æóÊóäúÈöíåñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÖúãóÑõæÇ áóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÓóÏö¡ æóÃóÚúãóáõæÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåöãóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇáöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÞóÏú ãóäøó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 90] . Ãóíú ÈöÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö ÅöáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÕóÏóÞóÊöåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÅöíæóÇÆöåö áóäóÇ¡ æóÔóÏøöåö ãóÚóÇÞöÏó ÚöÒøöäóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÓúáóÝúäóÇ ãöäú ØóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóÕóÈúÑöäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú ÅöáóíúäóÇ¡ æóØóÇÚóÊöäóÇ æóÈöÑøöäóÇ áöÃóÈöíäóÇ¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÊöåö ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉö áóäóÇ¡ æóÔóÝóÞóÊöåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ {Åöäøóåõ ãóäú íóÊøóÞö æóíóÕúÈöÑú ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÖöíÚõ ÃóÌúÑó ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÂËóÑóßó Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ} [íæÓÝ: 90] . Ãóíú ÝóÖøóáóßó¡ æóÃóÚúØóÇßó ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúØöäóÇ: {æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ áóÎóÇØöÆöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 91] . Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÓúÏóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó¡ æóåóÇ äóÍúäõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúßó {ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóËúÑöíÈó Úóáóíúßõãõ Çáúíóæúãó} [íæÓÝ: 92] . Ãóíú áóÓúÊõ ÃõÚóÇÊöÈõßõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúßõãú ÈóÚúÏó íóæúãößõãú åóÐóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÒóÇÏóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóßõãú æóåõæó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 92] .
æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÞúÝó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: {áóÇ ÊóËúÑöíÈó Úóáóíúßõãõ} [íæÓÝ: 92] . æóÇÈúÊóÏóÃó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {Çáúíóæúãó íóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåõ áóßõãú} [íæÓÝ: 92] . ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÖóÚöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ. Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÃóäú íóÐúåóÈõæÇ ÈöÞóãöíÕöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöí ÌóÓóÏóåõ ÝóíóÖóÚõæåõ Úóáóì Úóíúäóíú ÃóÈöíåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåö ÈóÕóÑõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóåóÈó ÈöÅöÐúäö Çááøóåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÑöÞö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö æóÏóáóÇÆöáö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÇÊö æóÃóßúÈóÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõãú Ãóäú íóÊóÍóãøóáõæÇ ÈöÃóåúáöåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó Åöáóì ÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÎóíúÑö æóÇáÏøóÚóÉö æóÌóãúÚö ÇáÔøóãúáö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö Úóáóì Ãóßúãóáö ÇáúæõÌõæåö¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
{æóáóãøóÇ ÝóÕóáóÊö ÇáúÚöíÑõ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæåõãú Åöäøöí áóÃóÌöÏõ ÑöíÍó íõæÓõÝó áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÝóäøöÏõæäö ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåö Åöäøóßó áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáößó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö ÝóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÈóÔöíÑõ ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ÝóÇÑúÊóÏøó ÈóÕöíÑðÇ ÞóÇáó Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßõãú Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ ÐõäõæÈóäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÎóÇØöÆöíäó ÞóÇáó ÓóæúÝó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßõãú ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [íæÓÝ: 94]
[íõæÓõÝó: 94 - 98] .(1/495)
ÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö: ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓöäóÇäò¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúåõÐóíúáö ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò íóÞõæáõ: {æóáóãøóÇ ÝóÕóáóÊö ÇáúÚöíÑõ} [íæÓÝ: 94] ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌóÊö ÇáúÚöíÑõ åóÇÌóÊú ÑöíÍñ ÝóÌóÇÁóÊú íóÚúÞõæÈó ÈöÑöíÍö ÞóãöíÕö íõæÓõÝó. {ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäøöí áóÃóÌöÏõ ÑöíÍó íõæÓõÝó áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÝóäøöÏõæäö} [íæÓÝ: 94] . ÞóÇáó: ÝóæóÌóÏó ÑöíÍóåõ ãöäú ãóÓöíÑóÉö ËóãóÇäöíóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò. æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ æóÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãóÇ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓöäóÇäò Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò Çáúãóßøöíøõ: ßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÓöíÑóÉõ ËóãóÇäöíäó ÝóÑúÓóÎðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõ ãõäúÐõ ÝóÇÑóÞóåõ ËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÝóäøöÏõæäö} [íæÓÝ: 94] . Ãóíú ÊóÞõæáõæäó: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞõáúÊó åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóäóÏö æóåõæó ÇáúÎóÑóÝõ æóßöÈóÑõ ÇáÓøöäøö. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóØóÇÁñ¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ {ÊõÝóäøöÏõæäö} [íæÓÝ: 94] ÊõÓóÝøöåõæäö. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ: ÊõåóÑøöãõæäö {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÊóÇááøóåö Åöäøóßó áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáößó ÇáúÞóÏöíãö} [íæÓÝ: 95] . ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ ßóáöãóÉð ÛóáöíÙóÉð. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÈóÔöíÑõ ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ÝóÇÑúÊóÏøó ÈóÕöíÑðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 96] . Ãóíú ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÃóáúÞóì ÇáúÞóãöíÕó Úóáóì æóÌúåö íóÚúÞõæÈó ÝóÑóÌóÚó ãöäú ÝóæúÑöåö ÈóÕöíÑðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÖóÑöíÑðÇ. æóÞóÇáó áöÈóäöíåö ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó: {Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßõãú Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [íæÓÝ: 96] . Ãóíú ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíóÌúãóÚõ Ôóãúáöí ÈöíõæÓõÝó¡ æóÓóÊóÞóÑøõ Úóíúäöí Èöåö¡ æóÓóíõÑöíäöí Ýöíåö æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íóÓõÑøõäöí¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó {ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇäóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóäóÇ ÐõäõæÈóäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÎóÇØöÆöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 97] . ØóáóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑó áóåõãõ Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÚóãøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÝóÚóáõæÇ æóäóÇáõæÇ(1/496)
ãöäúåõ æóãöäö ÇÈúäöåö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÒóãõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú äöíøóÊöåöãõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÝøóÞóåõãõ Çááøóåõ áöáöÇÓúÊöÛúÝóÇÑö ÚöäúÏó æõÞõæÚö Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõãú ÃóÈõæåõãú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓóÃóáõæÇ æóãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÚóæøóáõæÇ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {ÓóæúÝó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßõãú ÑóÈøöí Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ} [íæÓÝ: 98] .
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Èóäöíåö Åöáóì áóíúáóÉö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáúãõËóäøóì ËäÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÃóíøõæÈó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú ÚóØóÇÁò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: {ÓóæúÝó ÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ áóßõãú ÑóÈøöí} [íæÓÝ: 98] . íóÞõæáõ: «ÍóÊøóì ÊóÃúÊöíó áóíúáóÉõ ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÃóÎöí íóÚúÞõæÈó áöÈóäöíåö» . æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö¡ æóÝöí ÑóÝúÚöåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó Âæóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈóæóíúåö æóÞóÇáó ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöÕúÑó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Âãöäöíäó æóÑóÝóÚó ÃóÈóæóíúåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö æóÎóÑøõæÇ áóåõ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ æóÞóÇáó íóÇÃóÈóÊö åóÐóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáõ ÑõÄúíóÇíó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÑóÈøöí ÍóÞøðÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó Èöí ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóäöí ãöäó ÇáÓøöÌúäö æóÌóÇÁó Èößõãú ãöäó ÇáúÈóÏúæö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ãóäú äóÒóÛó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÅöÎúæóÊöí Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóØöíÝñ áöãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ ÑóÈøö ÞóÏú ÂÊóíúÊóäöí ãöäó Çáúãõáúßö æóÚóáøóãúÊóäöí ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÝóÇØöÑó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÃóäúÊó æóáöíøöí Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÊóæóÝøóäöí ãõÓúáöãðÇ æóÃóáúÍöÞúäöí ÈöÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 99]
[íõæÓõÝó: 99 - 101] . åóÐóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ Úóäú ÍóÇáö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÊóÍóÇÈøöíäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö ÇáØøóæöíáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Þöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞöíáó: ËóáóÇËóÉñ æóËóãóÇäõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóåõãóÇ ÑöæóÇíóÊóÇäö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö. æóÞöíáó: ÎóãúÓñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð. ÞóÇáóåõ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ËóãóÇäöíó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð. ÞóÇáó: æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö íóÒúÚõãõæäó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÙóÇåöÑõ ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö íõÑúÔöÏõ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÏöíÏö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ÊóÞúÑöíÈðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ÑóÇæóÏóÊúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÔóÇÈøñ ÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÝóßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÓøöÌúäö ÈöÖúÚó Óöäöíäó¡ æóåöíó(1/498)
ÓóÈúÚñ ÚöäúÏó ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö. Ëõãøó ÃõÎúÑöÌó ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÓóäóæóÇÊõ ÇáúÎöÕúÈö ÇáÓøóÈúÚõ¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÃóãúÍóáó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈúÚö ÇáúÈóæóÇÞöí ÌóÇÁó ÅöÎúæóÊõåõãú íóãúÊóÇÑõæäó ÇáÓøóäóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÍúÏóåõãú¡ æóÝöí ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö æóãóÚóåõãú ÃóÎõæåõ ÈöäúíóÇãöíäõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÊóÚóÑøóÝó Åöáóíúåöãú æóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÅöÍúÖóÇÑö Ãóåúáöåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó ÝóÌóÇÁõæÇ ßõáøõåõãú {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáõæÇ Úóáóì íõæÓõÝó Âæóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈóæóíúåö} [íæÓÝ: 99] . ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÈöåöãóÇ ÎõÕõæÕðÇ æóÍúÏóåõãóÇ Ïõæäó ÅöÎúæóÊöåö {æóÞóÇáó ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöÕúÑó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Âãöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 99] . Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãö¡ æóÇáúãõÄóÎøóÑö ÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõ: ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÂæóì Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈóæóíúåö. æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúÐõæÑñ. Þöíáó: ÊóáóÞøóÇåõãóÇ æóÂæóÇåõãóÇ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö ÇáúÎöíóÇãö¡ Ëõãøó áóãøóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóÈõæÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ãöÕúÑó ÞóÇáó {ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãöÕúÑó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Âãöäöíäó} [íæÓÝ: 99] . ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ. æóáóæú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Öõãøöäó Þóæúáõåõ ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ãóÚúäóì ÇÓúßõäõæÇ ãöÕúÑó Ãóæú ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÈöåóÇ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Âãöäöíäó áóßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ ãóáöíÍðÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
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ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÑóÝóÚó ÃóÈóæóíúåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Þöíáó: ßóÇäóÊú Ãõãøõåõ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊóÊú. ßóãóÇ åõæó ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö. æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó ÝóÃóÍúíóÇåóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì. æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Èóáú ßóÇäóÊú ÎóÇáóÊõåõ áóíóÇ¡ æóÇáúÎóÇáóÉõ ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÇáúÃõãøö. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÂÎóÑõæäó: Èóáú ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö íóÞúÊóÖöí ÈóÞóÇÁó ÍóíóÇÉö Ãõãøöåö Åöáóì íóæúãöÆöÐò ÝóáóÇ íõÚóæøóáõ Úóáóì äóÞúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝöíãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ Þóæöíøñ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÑóÝóÚóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö Ãóíú ÃóÌúáóÓóåõãóÇ ãóÚóåõ Úóáóì ÓóÑöíÑöåö {æóÎóÑøõæÇ áóåõ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíú ÓóÌóÏó áóåõ ÇáúÃóÈóæóÇäö æóÇáúÅöÎúæóÉõ ÇáúÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ æóÊóßúÑöíãðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ áóåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÒóáú Ðóáößó ãóÚúãõæáðÇ Èöåö Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö ÍóÊøóì ÍõÑøöãó Ýöí ãöáøóÊöäóÇ {æóÞóÇáó íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö åóÐóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáõ ÑõÄúíóÇíó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíú åóÐóÇ ÊóÚúÈöíÑõ ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÞóÕóÕúÊõåõ Úóáóíúßó ãöäú ÑõÄúíóÊöí ÇáúÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó ßóæúßóÈðÇ æóÇáÔøóãúÓó æóÇáúÞóãóÑó Íöíäó ÑóÃóíúÊõåõãú áöí ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó¡ æóÃóãóÑúÊóäöí ÈößöÊúãóÇäöåóÇ¡ æóæóÚóÏúÊóäöí ãóÇ æóÚóÏúÊöäöí ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó {ÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóåóÇ ÑóÈøöí ÍóÞøðÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÓóäó Èöí ÅöÐú ÃóÎúÑóÌóäöí ãöäó ÇáÓøöÌúäö} [íæÓÝ: 100] .(1/500)
Ãóíú ÈóÚúÏó Çáúåóãøö¡ æóÇáÖøöíÞö ÌóÚóáóäöí ÍóÇßöãðÇ äóÇÝöÐó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíóÇÑö ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøóÉö ÍóíúËõ ÔöÆúÊõ {æóÌóÇÁó Èößõãú ãöäó ÇáúÈóÏúæö} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíö ÇáúÈóÇÏöíóÉö¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúßõäõæäó ÃóÑúÖó ÇáúÚóÑóÈóÇÊö ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÎóáöíáö {ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö Ãóäú äóÒóÛó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó ÅöÎúæóÊöí} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíú ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú Åöáóíøó ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÓóÈóÞó ÐößúÑõåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {Åöäøó ÑóÈøöí áóØöíÝñ áöãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÔóíúÆðÇ åóíøóÃó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈóåõ¡ æóíóÓøóÑóåóÇ æóÓóåøóáóåóÇ ãöäú æõÌõæåò áóÇ íóåúÊóÏöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏõ¡ Èóáú íõÞóÏøöÑõåóÇ æóíõíóÓøöÑõåóÇ ÈöáóØöíÝö ÕõäúÚöåö¡ æóÚóÙöíãö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö {Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÚóáöíãõ} [íæÓÝ: 100] . Ãóíú ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÍóßöíãõ Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóÔóÑúÚöåö¡ æóÞóÏóÑöåö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó íõæÓõÝó ÈóÇÚó Ãóåúáó ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÛóíúÑóåõãú ãöäó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÊó íóÏöåö ÈöÃóãúæóÇáöåöãú ßõáøöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÐøóåóÈö æóÇáúÝöÖøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóËóÇËö æóãóÇ íóãúáößõæäóåõ ßõáøóåõ ÍóÊøóì ÈóÇÚóåõãú ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóÕóÇÑõæÇ ÃóÑöÞøóÇÁó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóØúáóÞó áóåõãú ÃóÑúÖóåõãú æóÃóÚúÊóÞó ÑöÞóÇÈóåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÚúãóáõæÇ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÎõãúÓõ ãóÇ íóÔúÊóÛöáõæäó ãöäú ÒóÑúÚöåöãú æóËöãóÇÑöåöãú áöáúãóáößö ÝóÕóÇÑóÊú ÓõäøóÉó Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÍóßóì ÇáËøóÚúáóÈöíøõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÔúÈóÚõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóäúÓóì ÇáúÌöíÚóÇäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÃúßõáõ ÃóßúáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð äöÕúÝó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ ÞóÇáó: Ýóãöäú Ëóãøó ÇÞúÊóÏóì Èöåö Çáúãõáõæßõ ÇáúÃóÎúíóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ áóÇ íõÔúÈöÚõ ÈóØúäóåõ ÚóÇãó ÇáÑøóãóÇÏóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÌóÏúÈõ¡ æóÃóÊóì ÇáúÎöÕúÈõ.
ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö áöÚõãóÑó ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó ÚóÇãõ ÇáÑøóãóÇÏóÉö: áóÞóÏö ÇäúÌóáóÊú Úóäúßó¡ æóÅöäøóßó áóÇÈúäõ ÍõÑøóÉò.(1/501)
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æóÚóÙõãóÊö ÇáúÝöÊóäõ æóÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáúÞöÊóÇáõ æóßóËõÑó ÇáúÞöíáõ æóÇáúÞóÇáõ¡ æóÊóãóäøóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÕóÇÍöÈõ " ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö " áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇáõ¡ æóáóÞöíó ãöäú ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåö ÇáúÃóåúæóÇáó.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÇáÑøóÝóÇåöíóÉö ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ¡ æóãõÓúáöãñ Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍóíúåöãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «áóÇ íóÊóãóäøóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãõ ÇáúãóæúÊó áöÖõÑøò äóÒóáó Èöåö ÅöãøóÇ ãõÍúÓöäðÇ ÝóíóÒúÏóÇÏõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÓöíÆðÇ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ íóÓúÊóÚúÊöÈõ¡ æóáóßöäú áöíóÞõáö: Çááøóåõãøó ÃóÍúíöäöí ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ ÎóíúÑðÇ áöí¡ æóÊóæóÝøóäöí ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÎóíúÑðÇ áöí» . æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÖøõÑøö åóÇåõäóÇ ãóÇ íóÎõÕøõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏó Ýöí ÈóÏóäöåö ãöäú ãóÑóÖò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ áóÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåö. æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÓóÃóáó Ðóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇÍúÊöÖóÇÑöåö Ãóæú ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó íóÚúÞõæÈó ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó ÚöäúÏó íõæÓõÝó ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ Ëõãøó ÊõæõÝøöíó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íõÏúÝóäó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈóæóíúåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÝóÕóÈóÑóåõ æóÓóíøóÑóåõ Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáÔøóÇãö ÝóÏóÝóäóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÛóÇÑóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöíåö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÌóÏøöåö ÇáúÎóáöíáö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÚõãõÑó íóÚúÞõæÈó íóæúãó ÏóÎóáó ãöÕúÑó ãöÇÆóÉñ æóËóáóÇËõæäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞóÇãó ÈöÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóßóÇäó ÌóãöíÚõ ÚõãõÑöåö ãöÇÆóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. åóÐóÇ äóÕøõ ßöÊóÇÈöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ(1/503)
ÅöãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøõÓúÎóÉö Ãóæú ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ÞóÏú ÃóÓúÞóØõæÇ ÇáúßóÓúÑó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÚóÇÏóÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÓúÊóÚúãöáõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉó åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö: {Ãóãú ßõäúÊõãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁó ÅöÐú ÍóÖóÑó íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáúãóæúÊõ ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó áöÈóäöíåö ãóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÞóÇáõæÇ äóÚúÈõÏõ Åöáóåóßó æóÅöáóåó ÂÈóÇÆößó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöáóåðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóäóÍúäõ áóåõ ãõÓúáöãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 133] . ÝóæóÕøóì Èóäöíåö ÈöÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö¡ æóåõæó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÕóì Èóäöíåö æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú ÈöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóÈóÔøóÑó íóåõæÐóÇ ÈöÎõÑõæÌö äóÈöíøò ÚóÙöíãò ãöäú äóÓúáöåö ÊõØöíÚõåõ ÇáÔøõÚõæÈõ¡ æóåõæó ÚöíÓóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÑúíóãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÐóßóÑõæÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èóßóì Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ãöÕúÑó ÓóÈúÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ¡ æóÃóãóÑó íõæÓõÝõ ÇáúÃóØöÈøóÇÁó ÝóØóíøóÈõæåõ ÈöØöíÈò¡ æóãóßóËó Ýöíåö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó íõæÓõÝõ ãóáößó ãöÕúÑó Ýöí ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö áöíóÏúÝöäóåõ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáöåö¡ ÝóÃóÐöäó áóåõ æóÎóÑóÌó ãóÚóåõ ÃóßóÇÈöÑõ ãöÕúÑó æóÔõíõæÎõåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÕóáõæÇ ÍóÈúÑõæäó ÏóÝóäõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÛóÇÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÇÔúÊóÑóÇåóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ãöäú ÚóÝúÑõæäó Èúäö ÕóÎúÑò ÇáúÍöíËöíøö¡ æóÚóãöáõæÇ áóåõ ÚóÒóÇÁð ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò. ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóì ÈöáóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóÚóÒøóì ÅöÎúæóÉõ íõæÓõÝó áöíõæÓõÝó Ýöí ÃóÈöíåöãú¡ æóÊóÑóÞøóÞõæÇ áóåõ ÝóÃóßúÑóãóåõãú æóÃóÍúÓóäó ãõäúÞóáóÈóåõãú¡ ÝóÃóÞóÇãõæÇ ÈöÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÖóÑóÊú íõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúæóÝóÇÉõ ÝóÃóæúÕóì Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ãóÚóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌõæÇ ãöäú ãöÕúÑó ÝóíõÏúÝóäó ÚöäúÏó ÂÈóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÍóäøóØõæåõ æóæóÖóÚõæåõ Ýöí ÊóÇÈõæÊò ÝóßóÇäó ÈöãöÕúÑó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎúÑóÌóåõ ãóÚóåõ ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóÏóÝóäóåõ ÚöäúÏó ÂÈóÇÆöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí. ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóãóÇÊó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóÚóÔúÑö Óöäöíäó. åóÐóÇ äóÕøõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ æóÝöíãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ãõÈóÇÑóßõ(1/504)
Èúäõ ÝóÖóÇáóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÃõáúÞöíó íõæÓõÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÈøö æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÓóÈúÚó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÛóÇÈó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ËóãóÇäöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÚóÇÔó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ËóáóÇËðÇ æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð¡ æóãóÇÊó æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ãöÇÆóÉö ÓóäóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì ÃóÎöíåö íóåõæÐóÇ. ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó.(1/505)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøõæãö¡ æóåõæó ÃóíøõæÈõ Èúäõ ãõæÕó Èúäó ÑóÒóÇÍó Èúäö ÇáúÚöíÕö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö. æóÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõåõ åõæó ÃóíøõæÈõ Èúäõ ãõæÕó Èúäö ÑóÛúæöíáó Èúäö ÇáúÚöíÕö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó. æóÞöíáó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó Ýöí äóÓóÈöåö¡ æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ãóäøó Ãõãøóåõ ÈöäúÊõ áõæØò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæåõ ãöãøóäú Âãóäó ÈöÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóæúãó ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö Ýóáóãú ÊóÍúÑöÞúåõ. æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó æóÃóíøõæÈó æóíõæÓõÝó æóãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó} [ÇáÃäÚÇã: 84] ÇáúÂíóÇÊö [ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö: 84] . ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍó Ãóäøó ÇáÖøóãöíÑó ÚóÇÆöÏñ Úóáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Ïõæäó äõæÍò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúãóäúÕõæÕö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíÍóÇÁö Åöáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúßó ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì äõæÍò æóÇáäøóÈöíøöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóíóÚúÞõæÈó æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇØö æóÚöíÓóì æóÃóíøõæÈó} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 163] . ÇáúÂíóÉó. ÝóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚöíÕö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ Þöíáó: ÇÓúãõåóÇ áóíóÇ ÈöäúÊõ íóÚúÞõæÈó. æóÞöíáó: ÑóÍúãóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÃóÝúÑóÇÆöíãó Èúäö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóÔúåóÑõ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ Ëõãøó äóÚúØöÝõ ÈöÐößúÑö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÈóÚúÏó ÐößúÑö ÞöÕøóÊöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ æóÈöåö ÇáËøöÞóÉõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ.(1/506)
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóíøõæÈó ÅöÐú äóÇÏóì ÑóÈøóåõ Ãóäøöí ãóÓøóäöíó ÇáÖøõÑøõ æóÃóäúÊó ÃóÑúÍóãõ ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÝóßóÔóÝúäóÇ ãóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÖõÑøò æóÂÊóíúäóÇåõ Ãóåúáóåõ æóãöËúáóåõãú ãóÚóåõãú ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöäóÇ æóÐößúÑóì áöáúÚóÇÈöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 83]
[Õ: 41 - 44] . æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúßóáúÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Ãóæøóáõ äóÈöíøò ÈõÚöËó ÅöÏúÑöíÓõ¡ Ëõãøó äõæÍñ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÓúÍóÇÞõ¡ Ëõãøó íóÚúÞõæÈõ¡ Ëõãøó íõæÓõÝõ¡ Ëõãøó áõæØñ¡ Ëõãøó åõæÏñ¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇáöÍñ¡ Ëõãøó ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ Ëõãøó ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäõ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöáúíóÇÓõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúíóÓóÚõ¡ Ëõãøó ÚõÑúÝöíøõ Èúäõ ÓóæöíáóÎó Èúäö ÃóÝúÑóÇÆöíãó Èúäö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ Ëõãøó íõæäõÓõ Èúäõ ãóÊøóì ãöäú Èóäöí íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóíøõæÈó Èúäö ÑóÒóÇÍó Èúäö ÂãõæÕó Èúäö áöíÝóÑóÒó Èúäö ÇáúÚöíÕö Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÝöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö äóÙóÑñ ÝóÅöäøó åõæÏðÇ æóÕóÇáöÍðÇ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó äõæÍò¡ æóÞóÈúáó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøöí ßõäúÊõ ÃóãõÑøõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÌõáóíúäö íóÊóäóÇÒóÚóÇäö ÝóíóÐúßõÑóÇäö Çááøóåó¡ ÝóÃóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÈóíúÊöí ÝóÃõßóÝøöÑõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ßóÑóÇåöíóÉó Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑóÇ Çááøóåó ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøò» . ÞóÇáó: «æóßóÇäó íóÎúÑõÌõ Ýöí ÍóÇÌóÊöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóÇåóÇ ÃóãúÓóßóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ ÈöíóÏöåö ÍóÊøóì íóÑúÌöÚó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÐóÇÊó íóæúãò ÃóÈúØóÃóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÃóíøõæÈó Ýöí ãóßóÇäöåö Ãóäö: {ÇÑúßõÖú ÈöÑöÌúáößó åóÐóÇ ãõÛúÊóÓóáñ ÈóÇÑöÏñ æóÔóÑóÇÈñ} [Õ: 42] ÝóÇÓúÊóÈúØóÃóÊúåõ ÝóÊóáóÞøóÊúåõ ÊóäúÙõÑõ¡ æóÃóÞúÈóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÞóÏú ÃóÐúåóÈõ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóáóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÃóÍúÓóäö ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊúåõ ÞóÇáóÊú: Ãóíú ÈóÇÑóßó Çááøóåõ Ýöíßó¡ åóáú ÑóÃóíúÊó äóÈöíøó Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÈúÊóáóì¿ ÝóæóÇááøóåö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ ÃóÔúÈóåó Èöåö ãöäúßó ÅöÐú ßóÇäó ÕóÍöíÍðÇ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÅöäøöí ÃóäóÇ åõæó. ÞóÇáó: æóßóÇäó áóåõ ÃóäúÏóÑóÇäöº ÃóäúÏóÑñ áöáúÞóãúÍö æóÃóäúÏóÑñ áöáÔøóÚöíÑö¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ ÓóÍóÇÈóÊóíúäö ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÏóÑö ÇáúÞóãúÍö ÃóÝúÑóÛóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÐøóåóÈó ÍóÊøóì ÝóÇÖó¡ æóÃóÝúÑóÛóÊö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÃóäúÏóÑö ÇáÔøóÚöíÑö ÇáúæóÑöÞó ÍóÊøóì ÝóÇÖó» . åóÐóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò. æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ÞõÊóíúÈóÉó¡ Úóäú ÍóÑúãóáóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö æóåúÈò Èöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÑóÝúÚõåõ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí ËäÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÍóãøóÇÏñ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó: æóÃóáúÈóÓõåõ Çááøóåõ ÍõáøóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóÊóäóÍøóì ÃóíøõæÈõ¡ æóÌóáóÓó Ýöí äóÇÍöíóÉò¡ æóÌóÇÁóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÊõåõ Ýóáóãú ÊóÚúÑöÝúåõ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÈúÊóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó åóÇåõäóÇ¡ áóÚóáøó ÇáúßöáóÇÈó ÐóåóÈóÊú Èöåö Ãóæö ÇáÐøöÆóÇÈó¿ æóÌóÚóáóÊú Êõßóáøöãõåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð. ÞóÇáó: æóíúÍóßö ÃóäóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ. ÞóÇáóÊú: ÃóÊóÓúÎóÑõ ãöäøöí íóÇ ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóíúÍóßö ÃóäóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ ÞóÏú(1/511)
ÑóÏøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíøó ÌóÓóÏöí.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóÑóÏøó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇáóåõ æóæóáóÏóåõ ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú æóãöËúáóåõãú ãóÚóåõãú. æóÞóÇáó æóåúÈõ Èúäõ ãõäóÈøöåò ÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö: ÞóÏú ÑóÏóÏúÊõ Úóáóíúßó Ãóåúáóßó æóãóÇáóßó¡ æóãöËúáóåõãú ãóÚóåõãú¡ ÝóÇÛúÊóÓöáú ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóÅöäøó Ýöíåö ÔöÝóÇÁóßó æóÞóÑøöÈú Úóäú ÕóÍóÇÈóÊößó ÞõÑúÈóÇäðÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÛúÝöÑú áóåõãú ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÏú ÚóÕóæúäöí Ýöíßó. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ËäÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ åóãøóÇãñ¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÖúÑö Èúäö ÃóäóÓò¡ Úóäú ÈóÔöíÑö Èúäö äóåöíßò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «áóãøóÇ ÚóÇÝóì Çááøóåõ ÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóãúØóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÌóÑóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÃúÎõÐõ ÈöíóÏöåö¡ æóíóÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ËóæúÈöåö. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞöíáó áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ ÃóãóÇ ÊóÔúÈóÚõ¿ ÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö æóãóäú íóÔúÈóÚõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊößó» . æóåóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáØøóíóÇáöÓöíøö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãò¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó Èöåö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍöåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÃóÒúÏöíøö¡ Úóäú ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÑóÇåóæóíúåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÕøóãóÏö Èöåö. æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌúåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúßõÊõÈö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÔóÑúØö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ ËäÇ ÓõÝúíóÇäõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáÒøöäóÇÏö¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ÃõÑúÓöáó Úóáóì ÃóíøõæÈó ÑöÌúáñ ãöäú ÌóÑóÇÏò ãöäú ÐóåóÈò ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÞúÈöÖõåóÇ Ýöí ËóæúÈöåö ÝóÞöíáó íóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ Ãóáóãú íóßúÝößó ãóÇ ÃóÚúØóíúäóÇßó ÞóÇáó: Ãóíú ÑóÈøö¡ æóãóäú íóÓúÊóÛúäöí Úóäú ÝóÖúáößó. åóÐóÇ ãóæúÞõæÝñ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó ãóÑúÝõæÚðÇ.(1/512)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÚúãóÑñ¡ Úóäú åóãøóÇãö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ÈóíúäóãóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ íóÛúÊóÓöáõ ÚõÑúíóÇäðÇ ÎóÑøó Úóáóíúåö ÌóÑóÇÏñ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò ÝóÌóÚóáó ÃóíøõæÈõ íóÍúËöí Ýöí ËóæúÈöåö ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: íóÇ ÃóíøõæÈõ Ãóáóãú Ãóßõäú ÃóÛúäóíúÊõßó ÚóãøóÇ ÊóÑóì. ÞóÇáó: Èóáóì íóÇ ÑóÈøö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ Ûöäóì áöí Úóäú ÈóÑóßóÊößó» . ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö Èöåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÇÑúßõÖú ÈöÑöÌúáößó} [Õ: 42] Ãóíö ÇÖúÑöÈö ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÈöÑöÌúáößó ÝóÇãúÊóËóáó ãóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö ÝóÃóäúÈóÚó Çááøóåõ áóåõ ÚóíúäðÇ ÈóÇÑöÏóÉó ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÃõãöÑó Ãóäú íóÛúÊóÓöáó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóíóÔúÑóÈó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÐúåóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÌöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáóãö æóÇáúÃóÐóì æóÇáÓøóÞóãö æóÇáúãóÑóÖö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÌóÓóÏöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ æóÈóÇØöäðÇ¡ æóÃóÈúÏóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ÕöÍøóÉð ÙóÇåöÑóÉð æóÈóÇØöäóÉð¡ æóÌóãóÇáðÇ ÊóÇãøðÇ¡ æóãóÇáðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÈøó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö ÕóÈøðÇ ãóØóÑðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ ÌóÑóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÐóåóÈò¡ æóÃóÎúáóÝó Çááøóåõ áóåõ Ãóåúáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÂÊóíúäóÇåõ Ãóåúáóåõ æóãöËúáóåõãú ãóÚóåõãú} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 84] . ÝóÞöíáó ÃóÍúíóÇåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú. æóÞöíáó: ÂÌóÑóåõ Ýöíãóäú ÓóáóÝó¡ æóÚóæøóÖóåõ Úóäúåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈóÏóáóåõãú¡ æóÌóãóÚó áóåõ Ôóãúáóåõ Èößõáøöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäú ÚöäúÏöäóÇ} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 84] . Ãóíú ÑóÝóÚúäóÇ Úóäúåõ ÔöÏøóÊóåõ¡ æóßóÔóÝúäóÇ ãóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÖõÑøò ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäøóÇ Èöåö æóÑóÃúÝóÉð æóÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ {æóÐößúÑóì áöáúÚóÇÈöÏöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 84] Ãóíú ÊóÐúßöÑóÉð áöãóäö ÇÈúÊõáöíó Ýöí ÌóÓóÏöåö Ãóæú ãóÇáöåö Ãóæú æóáóÏöåö Ýóáóåõ ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÈöäóÈöíøö Çááøóåö ÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÍóíúËõ ÇÈúÊóáóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÕóÈóÑó æóÇÍúÊóÓóÈó ÍóÊøóì ÝóÑøóÌó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ.
æóãóäú Ýóåöãó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇÓúãó ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: åöíó ÑóÍúãóÉõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÈúÚóÏó ÇáäøõÌúÚóÉó¡ æóÃóÛúÑóÞó Ýöí ÇáäøóÒúÚö.(1/513)
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÑóÏøó Çááøóåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÔóÈóÇÈóåóÇ æóÒóÇÏóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì æóáóÏóÊú áóåõ ÓöÊøóÉð æóÚöÔúÑöíäó æóáóÏðÇ ÐóßóÑðÇ.
æóÚóÇÔó ÃóíøõæÈõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð ÈöÃóÑúÖö ÇáÑøõæãö Úóáóì Ïöíäö ÇáúÍóäöíÝöíøóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÛóíøóÑõæÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ïöíäó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÎõÐú ÈöíóÏößó ÖöÛúËðÇ ÝóÇÖúÑöÈú Èöåö æóáóÇ ÊóÍúäóËú ÅöäøóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÕóÇÈöÑðÇ äöÚúãó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóæøóÇÈñ} [Õ: 44] . åóÐöåö ÑõÎúÕóÉñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÚóÈúÏöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÍóáöÝöåö áóíóÖúÑöÈóäøó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóæúØò. ÝóÞöíáó: ÍóáöÝõåõ Ðóáößó áöÈóíúÚöåóÇ ÖóÝóÇÆöÑóåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõ ÇÚúÊóÑóÖóåóÇ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ØóÈöíÈò íóÕöÝõ áóåóÇ ÏóæóÇÁð áöÃóíøõæÈó¡ ÝóÃóÊóÊúåõ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊúåõ¡ ÝóÚóÑóÝó Ãóäøóåõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÝóÍóáóÝó áóíóÖúÑöÈóäøóåóÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ÓóæúØò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇÝóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó ÃóÝúÊóÇåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ÖöÛúËðÇ¡ æóåõæó ßóÇáúÚöËúßóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí íóÌúãóÚõ ÇáÔøóãóÇÑöíÎó ÝóíóÌúãóÚóåóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ æóíóÖúÑöÈóåóÇ Èöåö ÖóÑúÈóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ æóíóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ãõäúÒóáðÇ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÈöãöÇÆóÉö ÓóæúØò¡ æóíóÈóÑøõ æóáóÇ íóÍúäóËõ. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑóÌö æóÇáúãóÎúÑóÌö áöãóäö ÇÊøóÞóì Çááøóåó¡ æóÃóØóÇÚóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑóÉö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÓöÈóÉö ÇáúãõßóÇÈöÏóÉö ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞóÉö ÇáúÈóÇÑøóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏóÉö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóǺ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÚóÞøóÈó Çááøóåõ åóÐöåö ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉó¡ æóÚóáøóáóåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇåõ ÕóÇÈöÑðÇ äöÚúãó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóæøóÇÈñ} [Õ: 44] . æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö æóÇáäøõÐõæÑö¡ æóÊóæóÓøóÚó ÂÎóÑõæäó ÝöíåóÇ ÍóÊøóì æóÖóÚõæÇ ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÍöíóáö Ýöí ÇáúÎóáóÇÕö ãöäó ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö¡ æóÕóÏøóÑõæåõ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúßóÑöíãóÉö¡ æóÃóÊóæúÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÃóÔúíóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÌóÇÆöÈö æóÇáúÛóÑóÇÆöÈö¡ æóÓóäóÐúßõÑõ ØóÑóÝðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóíúåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö Ãóäøó ÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ(1/514)
áóãøóÇ ÊõæõÝøöíó ßóÇäó ÚõãõÑõåõ ËóáóÇËðÇ æóÊöÓúÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÚóÇÔó ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó. æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì áóíúËñ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÍúÊóÌøõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÈöÓõáóíúãóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÛúäöíóÇÁö¡ æóÈöíõæÓõÝó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÑöÞøóÇÁö¡ æóÈöÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóáóÇÁö. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóæúÕóì Åöáóì æóáóÏöåö Íóæúãóáó¡ æóÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ æóáóÏõåõ ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÒúÚõãõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäøóåõ Ðõæ ÇáúßöÝúáö¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóãóÇÊó ÇÈúäõåõ åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó äóÈöíøðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõæäó¡ æóßóÇäó ÚõãõÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöäöíäó ÎóãúÓðÇ æóÓóÈúÚöíäó¡ æóáúäóÐúßõÑú åóÇåõäóÇ ÞöÕøóÉó Ðöí ÇáúßöÝúáö ÅöÐú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: Åöäøóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(1/515)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ Ðöí ÇáúßöÝúáö]
æóåóÐöåö ÞöÕøóÉõ Ðöí ÇáúßöÝúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÒóÚóãó Þóæúãñ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóíøõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚúÏó ÞöÕøóÉö ÃóíøõæÈó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: {æóÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó æóÅöÏúÑöíÓó æóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáö ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÈöÑöíäó æóÃóÏúÎóáúäóÇåõãú Ýöí ÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ Åöäøóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 85]
[Õ: 45 - 48] . ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÐößúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö ãóÞúÑõæäðÇ ãóÚó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ äóÈöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÒóÚóãó ÂÎóÑõæäó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ æóÍóßóãðÇ ãõÞúÓöØðÇ ÚóÇÏöáðÇ. æóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò: Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÊóßóÝøóáó áöÈóäöí Þóæúãöåö Ãóäú íóßúÝöíóåõ ÃóãúÑóåõãú¡ æóíóÞúÖöíó Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö ÝóÝóÚóáó(1/516)
ÝóÓõãøöíó ÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáö. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÏóÇæõÏó Èúäö ÃóÈöí åöäúÏò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ßóÈõÑó ÇáúíóÓóÚõ ÞóÇáó: áóæú Ãóäøöí ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝúÊõ ÑóÌõáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÚúãóáõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöí ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÙõÑó ßóíúÝó íóÚúãóáõ. ÝóÌóãóÚó ÇáäøóÇÓó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú íóÊóÞóÈøóáõ áöí ÈöËóáóÇËò ÃóÓúÊóÎúáöÝõåõº íóÕõæãõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó¡ æóíóÞõæãõ Çááøóíúáó¡ æóáóÇ íóÛúÖóÈõ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇãó ÑóÌõáñ ÊóÒúÏóÑöíåö ÇáúÚóíúäõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊó ÊóÕõæãõ ÇáäøóåóÇÑó¡ æóÊóÞõæãõ Çááøóíúáó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÛúÖóÈõ¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÑóÏøóåõãú Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãó. æóÞóÇáó ãöËúáóåóÇ Çáúíóæúãó ÇáúÂÎóÑó ÝóÓóßóÊó ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ æóÞóÇãó Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ. ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÌóÚóáó ÅöÈúáöíÓõ íóÞõæáõ áöáÔøóíóÇØöíäö: Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÝõáóÇäò. ÝóÃóÚúíóÇåõãú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÏóÚõæäöí æóÅöíøóÇåõ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÇåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÔóíúÎò ßóÈöíÑò ÝóÞöíÑò¡ æóÃóÊóÇåõ Íöíäó ÃóÎóÐó ãóÖúÌóÚóåõ áöáúÞóÇÆöáóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó áóÇ íóäóÇãõ Çááøóíúáó æóÇáäøóåóÇÑó ÅöáøóÇ Êöáúßó ÇáäøóæúãóÉó ÝóÏóÞøó ÇáúÈóÇÈó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÞóÇáó: ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ ãóÙúáõæãñ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇãó ÝóÝóÊóÍó ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÞõÕøõ Úóáóíúåö. ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäó Þóæúãöí ÎõÕõæãóÉð¡ æóÅöäøóåõãú Ùóáóãõæäöí æóÝóÚóáõæÇ Èöí æóÝóÚóáõæÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáó íõØóæøöáõ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÊøóì ÍóÖóÑó ÇáÑøóæóÇÍõ¡ æóÐóåóÈóÊö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáóÉõ. æóÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÑõÍúÊõ ÝóÃúÊöäöí ÂÎõÐú áóßó ÈöÍóÞøößó ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó¡ æóÑóÇÍó ÝóßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓöåö ÝóÌóÚóáó íóäúÙõÑõ åóáú íóÑóì ÇáÔøóíúÎó Ýóáóãú íóÑóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇãó íóÊúÈóÚõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÏõ ÌóÚóáó íóÞúÖöí Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóíóäúÊóÙöÑõåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÑóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöáóÉö ÝóÃóÎóÐó ãóÖúÌóÚóåõ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÝóÏóÞøó ÇáúÈóÇÈó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÇáúãóÙúáõæãõ ÝóÝóÊóÍó áóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÚóÏúÊõ ÝóÃúÊöäöí¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõãú ÃóÎúÈóËõ Þóæúãò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝõæÇ Ãóäøóßó ÞóÇÚöÏñ ÞóÇáõæÇ: äóÍúäõ äõÚúØöíßó ÍóÞøóßó. æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõãúÊó ÌóÍóÏõæäöí¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÇäúØóáöÞú ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÑõÍúÊõ ÝóÃúÊöäöí. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÝóÇÊóÊúåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáóÉõ ÝóÑóÇÍó ÝóÌóÚóáó íóäúÊóÙöÑõ ÝóáóÇ íóÑóÇåõ¡ æóÔóÞøó(1/517)
Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøõÚóÇÓõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: áöÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáöåö áóÇ ÊóÏóÚóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ íóÞúÑõÈõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÍóÊøóì ÃóäóÇãó ÝóÅöäøöí ÞóÏú ÔóÞøó Úóáóíøó Çáäøóæúãõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉó ÌóÇÁó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ: æóÑóÇÁóßó¡ æóÑóÇÁóßó. ÝóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí ÞóÏú ÃóÊóíúÊõåõ ÃóãúÓö ÝóÐóßóÑúÊõ áóåõ ÃóãúÑöí. ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåö áóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑóäóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ äóÏóÚó ÃóÍóÏðÇ íóÞúÑõÈõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÚúíóÇåõ äóÙóÑó ÝóÑóÃóì ßõæøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóÊóÓóæøóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ åõæó íóÏõÞøõ ÇáúÈóÇÈó ãöäú ÏóÇÎöáò ÞóÇáó: ÝóÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÝõáóÇäõ Ãóáóãú ÂãõÑúßó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÞöÈóáöí¡ æóÇááøóåö áóãú ÊõÄúÊó ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ãöäú Ãóíúäó ÃõÊöíÊó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞóÇãó Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ãõÛúáóÞñ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÛúáóÞóåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÝóÚóÑóÝóåõ. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö¿ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÃóÚúíóíúÊóäöí Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÝóÚóáúÊõ ãóÇ ÊóÑóì áöÃõÛúÖöÈóßó ÝóÓóãøóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÊóßóÝøóáó ÈöÃóãúÑò ÝóæóÝøóì Èöåö.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÑöíÈðÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö. æóåóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÞóíúÓò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÍõÌóíúÑóÉó ÇáúÃóßúÈóÑö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö äóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÌóãóÇåöÑö¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÈóÔöíÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ Úóäú ßöäóÇäóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÎúäóÓö ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøó íóÚúäöí ÃóÈóÇ ãõæÓóì ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö íóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðõæ ÇáúßöÝúáö äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ íõÕóáøöí ßõáøó íóæúãò ãöÇÆóÉó ÕóáóÇÉò¡ ÝóÊóßóÝøóáó áóåõ Ðõæ ÇáúßöÝúáö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö íõÕóáøöí ßõáøó íóæúãò ãöÇÆóÉó ÕóáóÇÉò ÝóÓõãøöíó ÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáö. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞö¡ Úóäú ãóÚúãóÑò¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ ãõäúÞóØöÚðÇ.(1/518)
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÓúÈóÇØõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò ãóæúáóì ØóáúÍóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÍóÏöíËðÇ áóæú áóãú ÃóÓúãóÚúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÑøóÉð Ãóæú ãóÑøóÊóíúäö ÍóÊøóì ÚóÏøó ÓóÈúÚó ãöÑóÇÑò¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó: «ßóÇäó ÇáúßöÝúáõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó áóÇ íóÊóæóÑøóÚõ ãöäú ÐóäúÈò Úóãöáóåõ¡ ÝóÃóÊóÊúåõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåóÇ ÓöÊøöíäó ÏöíäóÇÑðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäú íóØóÃóåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÚóÏó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÞúÚóÏó ÇáÑøóÌõáö ãöäö ÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÇÑúÊóÚóÏóÊú¡ æóÈóßóÊú ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ãóÇ íõÈúßöíßö ÃóßúÑóåúÊõßö. ÞóÇáóÊú: áóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú åóÐóÇ Úóãóáñ áóãú ÃóÚúãóáúåõ ÞóØøõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóãóáóÊúäöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÊóÝúÚóáöíäó åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóãú ÊóÝúÚóáöíåö ÞóØøõ¿ Ëõãøó äóÒóáó. ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÐúåóÈöí ÈöÇáÏøóäóÇäöíÑö áóßö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÇááøóåö áóÇ íóÚúÕöí Çááøóåó ÇáúßöÝúáõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ. ÝóãóÇÊó ãöäú áóíúáóÊöåö ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó ãóßúÊõæÈðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÇÈöåö ÞóÏú ÛóÝóÑó Çááøóåõ áöáúßöÝúáö» . æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Èöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÍóÓóäñ. æóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖóåõãú ÑóæóÇåõ ÝóæóÞóÝóåõ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ýóåõæó ÍóÏöíËñ ÛóÑöíÈñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ æóÝöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö äóÙóÑñ ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÚúÏðÇ åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇÊöãò: áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò. æóæóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó. æóáóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ Óöæóì ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö åóÐóÇ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ÐóÇ ÇáúßöÝúáö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö " ÇáúßöÝúáõ " ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöÖóÇÝóÉò Ýóåõæó ÑóÌõáñ ÂÎóÑõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúßóÑöíãö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.(1/519)
[ÈóÇÈõ ÐößúÑö Ãõãóãò ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÚóÇãøóÉò]
[ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö]
æóÐóáößó ÞóÈúáó äõÒõæáö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö ; ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÃóåúáóßúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑõæäó ÇáúÃõæáóì} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 43] . ÇáúÂíóÉó ßóãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóæúÝò ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí äóÖúÑóÉó¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó «ãóÇ Ãóåúáóßó Çááøóåõ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊö ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉõ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ãõÓöÎõæÇ ÞöÑóÏóÉð» ; Ãóáóãú ÊóÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÞõæáõ {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÃóåúáóßúäóÇ ÇáúÞõÑõæäó ÇáúÃõæáóì} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 43] æóÑóÝóÚóåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò áóåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ æóÞúÝõåõ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõåúáößóÊú ÈöÚóÇãøóÉò¡ ÞóÈúáó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
Ýóãöäúåõãú: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö " {æóÚóÇÏðÇ æóËóãõæÏó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÓøö æóÞõÑõæäðÇ Èóíúäó Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑðÇ - æóßõáøðÇ ÖóÑóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ÇáúÃóãúËóÇáó æóßõáøðÇ ÊóÈøóÑúäóÇ ÊóÊúÈöíÑðÇ} [ÇáÝÑÞÇä: 38 - 39]
[ÇáúÝõÑúÞóÇäö: 38¡ 39] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Þ " {ßóÐøóÈóÊú ÞóÈúáóåõãú Þóæúãõ äõæÍò æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö æóËóãõæÏõ - æóÚóÇÏñ æóÝöÑúÚóæúäõ æóÅöÎúæóÇäõ áõæØò - æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö æóÞóæúãõ ÊõÈøóÚò ßõáøñ ßóÐøóÈó ÇáÑøõÓõáó ÝóÍóÞó æóÚöíÏö} [Þ: 12 - 14]
[Þ: 12 - 14] .(2/5)
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáÓøöíóÇÞõ æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃõåúáößõæÇ¡ æóÏõãøöÑõæÇ¡ æóÊõÈøöÑõæÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúåóáóÇßõ. æóåóÐóÇ íóÑõÏøõ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑó ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ; ãöäú Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃõÎúÏõæÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÐõßöÑõæÇ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÈõÑõæÌö " ; áöÃóäøó ÃõæáóÆößó ÚöäúÏó ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò¡ ßóÇäõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ ÃóíúÖðÇ. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö Ãóåúáõ ÞóÑúíóÉò ãöäú ÞõÑóì ËóãõæÏó.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäõ ÚóÓóÇßöÑó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö " ÊóÇÑöíÎöåö "¡ ÚöäúÏó ÐößúÑö ÈöäóÇÁö ÏöãóÔúÞó Úóäú " ÊóÇÑöíÎö " ÃóÈöí ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚõÈóíúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÎõÑúÏóÇÐóÈóÉó¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÓøö ßóÇäõæÇ ÈöÍóÖõæÑò¡ ÝóÈóÚúËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú äóÈöíøðÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÍóäúÙóáóÉõ Èúäõ ÕóÝúæóÇäó. ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ æóÞóÊóáõæåõ¡ ÝóÓóÇÑó ÚóÇÏõ Èúäõ ÚóæúÕö Èúäö ÅöÑóãó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò¡ ÈöæóáóÏöåö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓøö¡ ÝóäóÒóáó ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝó¡ æóÃóåúáóßó Çááøóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÓøö¡ æóÇäúÊóÔóÑõæÇ Ýöí Çáúíóãóäö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ æóÝóÔóæúÇ ãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ßõáøöåóÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì äóÒóáó ÌóíúÑõæäõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚóÇÏö Èúäö ÚóæúÕö Èúäö ÅöÑóãó Èúäö ÓóÇãö Èúäö äõæÍò ÏöãóÔúÞó æóÈóäóì ãóÏöíäóÊóåóÇ¡ æóÓóãøóÇåóÇ ÌóíúÑõæäó æóåöíó ÅöÑóãõ ÐóÇÊõ ÇáúÚöãóÇÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÚúãöÏóÉõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÑóÉö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÏöãóÔúÞó¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ åõæÏó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍö Èúäö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúÎõáõæÏö Èúäö(2/6)
ÚóÇÏò Åöáóì ÚóÇÏò - íóÚúäöí ÃóæúáóÇÏó ÚóÇÏò - ÈöÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ¡ æóÃóåúáóßóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó. ÝóåóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÓøö ÞóÈúáó ÚóÇÏò ÈöÏõåõæÑò ãõÊóØóÇæöáóÉò. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚóÇÕöãò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÔóÈöíÈö Èúäö ÈöÔúÑò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøóÓøõ ÈöÆúÑñ ÈöÃóÐúÑóÈöíÌóÇäó. æóÞóÇáó ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈõßóíúÑò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøóÓøõ ÈöÆúÑñ ÑóÓøõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ äóÈöíøóåõãú. Ãóíú ; ÏóÝóäõæåõ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò ÞóÇáó ÚößúÑöãóÉõ: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö ÈöÝóáúÌó¡ æóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ íóÇÓöíäó. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÝóáúÌõ ãöäú ÞõÑóì ÇáúíóãóÇãóÉö. ÞõáúÊõ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó íóÇÓöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãóåõ ÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÚóÇãøóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÞöÕøóÊöåöãú {Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÎóÇãöÏõæäó} [íÓ: 29] . æóÓóÊóÃúÊöí ÞöÕøóÊõåõãú ÈóÚúÏó åóÄõáóÇÁö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ÛóíúÑóåõãú æóåõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÝóÞóÏú ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÊõÈøöÑõæÇ. æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóíõäóÇÝöí ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáäøóÞøóÇÔõ¡ Ãóäøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáÑøóÓøö ßóÇäóÊú áóåõãú ÈöÆúÑñ ÊóÑúæöíåöãú¡ æóÊóßúÝöí ÃóÑúÖóåõãú ÌóãöíÚóåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó áóåõãú ãóáóßñ ÚóÇÏöáñ ÍóÓóäõ ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ãóÇÊó æóÌóÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÌúÏðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÃóíøóÇãò ÊóÕóæøóÑó áóåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó: Åöäøöí áóãú ÃóãõÊú¡ æóáóßöäú ÊóÛóíøóÈúÊõ Úóäúßõãú ÍóÊøóì ÃóÑóì ÕóäöíÚóßõãú. ÝóÝóÑöÍõæÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáúÝóÑóÍö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÖóÑúÈö ÍöÌóÇÈò Èóíúäóåõãú æóÈóíúäóåõ¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãõæÊõ ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡(2/7)
ÝóÕóÏøóÞó Èöåö ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú¡ æóÇÝúÊóÊóäõæÇ Èöåö¡ æóÚóÈóÏõæåõ¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Ýöíåöãú äóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõãú Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÔóíúØóÇäñ íõÎóÇØöÈõåõãú ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈö¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ: æóßóÇäó íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö Ýöí Çáäøóæúãö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÓúãõåõ ÍóäúÙóáóÉó Èúäó ÕóÝúæóÇäó¡ ÝóÚóÏóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ¡ æóÃóáúÞóæúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈöÆúÑö¡ ÝóÛóÇÑó ãóÇÄõåóÇ¡ æóÚóØöÔõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ñóíøöåöãú æóíóÈöÓóÊú ÃóÔúÌóÇÑõåõãú¡ æóÇäúÞóØóÚóÊú ËöãóÇÑõåõãú¡ æóÎóÑöÈóÊú ÏöíóÇÑõåõãú¡ æóÊóÈóÏøóáõæÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃõäúÓö ÈöÇáúæóÍúÔóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÈöÇáúÝõÑúÞóÉö¡ æóåóáóßõæÇ Úóäú ÂÎöÑöåöãú¡ æóÓóßóäó Ýöí ãóÓóÇßöäöåöãõ ÇáúÌöäøõ æóÇáúæõÍõæÔõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÓúãóÚõ ÈöÈöÞóÇÚöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÒöíÝõ ÇáúÌöäøö¡ æóÒóÆöíÑõ ÇáúÃõÓúÏö¡ æóÕóæúÊõ ÇáÖøöÈóÇÚö.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ - ÃóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÌóÑöíÑò - Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÍõãóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóáóãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäú ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäøó Ãóæøóáó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ; æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚóËó äóÈöíøðÇ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÞóÑúíóÉò¡ Ýóáóãú íõÄúãöäú Èöåö ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÚóÏóæúÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ ÝóÍóÝóÑõæÇ áóåõ ÈöÆúÑðÇ¡ ÝóÃóáúÞóæúåõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóØúÈóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÍóÌóÑò ÃóÕóãøó» ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ íóÐúåóÈõ ÝóíóÍúÊóØöÈõ Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöåö¡ Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí ÈöÍóØóÈöåö ÝóíóÈöíÚõåõ¡ æóíóÔúÊóÑöí Èöåö ØóÚóÇãðÇ æóÔóÑóÇÈðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóÃúÊöí Èöåö Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÈöÆúÑö¡ ÝóíóÑúÝóÚõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉó¡ æóíõÚöíäõåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóíõÏúáöí Åöáóíúåö ØóÚóÇãóåõ æóÔóÑóÇÈóåõ¡ Ëõãøó íóÑõÏøõåóÇ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú. ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÐóåóÈó íóæúãðÇ íóÍúÊóØöÈõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÕúäóÚõ¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó ÍóØóÈóåõ æóÍóÒóãó ÍõÒúãóÊóåõ æóÝóÑóÛó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÍúÊóãöáóåóÇ¡ æóÌóÏó(2/8)
ÓöäóÉð¡ ÝóÇÖúØóÌóÚó íóäóÇãõ¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃõÐõäöåö ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó äóÇÆöãðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ åóÈøó¡ ÝóÊóãóØøóì æóÊóÍóæøóáó áöÔöÞøöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóÇÖúØóÌóÚó¡ ÝóÖóÑóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì ÃõÐõäöåö ÓóÈúÚó Óöäöíäó ÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ åóÈøó¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó ÍõÒúãóÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÓóÈõ Ãóäøóåõ äóÇãó ÅöáøóÇ ÓóÇÚóÉð ãöäú äóåóÇÑò¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö¡ ÝóÈóÇÚó ÍõÒúãóÊóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÔúÊóÑóì ØóÚóÇãðÇ æóÔóÑóÇÈðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÕúäóÚõ¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøóåõ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÍõÝúÑóÉö¡ Åöáóì ãóæúÖöÚöåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäóÊú Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÇáúÊóãóÓóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÌöÏúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÈóÏóÇ áöÞóæúãöåö Ýöíåö ÈóÏóÇÁñ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌõæåõ¡ æóÂãóäõæÇ Èöåö æóÕóÏøóÞõæåõ. ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÇäó äóÈöíøõåõãú íóÓúÃóáõåõãú Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó¿ ÝóíóÞõæáõæäó áóåõ: ãóÇ äóÏúÑöí. ÍóÊøóì ÞóÈóÖó Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóåóÈøó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏõ ãöäú äóæúãöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó. ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «Åöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏó áóÃóæøóáõ ãóäú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó» ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ ãõÑúÓóáñ¡ æóãóËóáõåõ Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÈóÓúØó ÞöÕøóÊöåö ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò ÇáúÞõÑóÙöíøö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏú ÑóÏøóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò äóÝúÓõåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö. ÞóÇáó: áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÓøö Ãóäøóåõ Ãóåúáóßóåõãú¡ æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÞóÏú ÈóÏóÇ áóåõãú ÝóÂãóäõæÇ ÈöäóÈöíøöåöãú¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÏóËóÊú áóåõãú ÃóÍúÏóÇËñ¡ ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈóÚúÏó åóáóÇßö ÂÈóÇÆöåöãú. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóÇÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÃõÎúÏõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ; áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóáöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÎúÏõæÏö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÊõæõÚøöÏõæÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Åöäú áóãú íóÊõæÈõæÇ¡ æóáóãú íõÐúßóÑú åóáóÇßõåõãú¡ æóÞóÏú ÕõÑøöÍó ÈöåóáóÇßö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÓøö. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(2/9)
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æóåõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÇÖúÑöÈú áóåõãú ãóËóáðÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó - ÅöÐú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõãóÇ ÝóÚóÒøóÒúäóÇ ÈöËóÇáöËò ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúßõãú ãõÑúÓóáõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ ãöäú ÔóíúÁò Åöäú ÃóäúÊõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÊóßúÐöÈõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÑóÈøõäóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúßõãú áóãõÑúÓóáõæäó - æóãóÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ ÇáúãõÈöíäõ - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÊóØóíøóÑúäóÇ Èößõãú áóÆöäú áóãú ÊóäúÊóåõæÇ áóäóÑúÌõãóäøóßõãú æóáóíóãóÓøóäøóßõãú ãöäøóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ - ÞóÇáõæÇ ØóÇÆöÑõßõãú ãóÚóßõãú ÃóÆöäú ÐõßøöÑúÊõãú Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ãõÓúÑöÝõæäó - æóÌóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑóÌõáñ íóÓúÚóì ÞóÇáó íóÇÞóæúãö ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó - ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõßõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó - æóãóÇ áöíó áóÇ ÃóÚúÈõÏõ ÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäöí æóÅöáóíúåö ÊõÑúÌóÚõæäó - ÃóÃóÊøóÎöÐõ ãöäú Ïõæäöåö ÂáöåóÉð Åöäú íõÑöÏúäö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäõ ÈöÖõÑøò áóÇ ÊõÛúäö Úóäøöí ÔóÝóÇÚóÊõåõãú ÔóíúÆðÇ æóáóÇ íõäúÞöÐõæäö - Åöäøöí ÅöÐðÇ áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò - Åöäøöí ÂãóäúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÝóÇÓúãóÚõæäö - Þöíáó ÇÏúÎõáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó ÞóÇáó íóÇáóíúÊó Þóæúãöí íóÚúáóãõæäó - ÈöãóÇ ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÑóÈøöí æóÌóÚóáóäöí ãöäó ÇáúãõßúÑóãöíäó - æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ãöäú ÌõäúÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõäúÒöáöíäó - Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÎóÇãöÏõæäó} [íÓ: 13 - 29]
[íÓ: 13 - 29] .(2/10)
ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Úóäú ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉõ. ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝöíãóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÚúÈö ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö¡ æóæóåóÈö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò. æóßóÐóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÈõÑóíúÏóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍõÕóíúÈö¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ æóÇáÒøõåúÑöíøö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåöãú. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÝöíãóÇ ÈóáøóÛóåõ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóßóÚúÈò¡ æóæóåúÈò Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóÇäó áóåóÇ ãóáößñ ÇÓúãõåõ ÃóäúØöíÎóÓõ Èúäõ ÃóäúØöíÍóÓó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÚúÈõÏõ ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãó¡ ÝóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö ËóáóÇËóÉð ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö ; æóåõãú ÕóÇÏöÞñ¡ æóÕóÏõæÞñ¡ æóÔóáõæãõ¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈóåõãú. æóåóÐóÇ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ãóäøóåõãú ÑõÓõáñ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó. æóÒóÚóãó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÑõÓõáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö. æóßóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌõÑóíúÌò¡ Úóäú æóåóÈö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÔõÚóíúÈò ÇáúÌóÈóÇÆöíøö: ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáóíúäö ÇáúÃóæøóáóíúäö: ÔóãúÚõæäó æóíõæÍóäøóÇ¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÈõæáöÓó¡ æóÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÌöÏøðÇ ; áöÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó áóãøóÇ ÈóÚóËó Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóÓöíÍõ ËóáóÇËóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó¡ ßóÇäõæÇ Ãóæøóáó ãóÏöíäóÉò ÂãóäóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÓöíÍö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúãõÏõäö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö ÇáøóÊöí íóßõæäõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈóØóÇÑöÞóÉõ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ; æóåõäøó ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉõ æóÇáúÞõÏúÓõ æóÅöÓúßóäúÏóÑöíøóÉõ¡ æóÑõæãöíøóÉõ. Ëõãøó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞõÓúØóäúØöíäöíøóÉö æóáóãú íõåúáóßõæÇ¡ æóÃóåúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÃõåúáößõæÇ¡(2/11)
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÞöÕøóÊöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáöåöãú ÕöÏøöíÞó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó {æóÇÖúÑöÈú áóåõãú ãóËóáðÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó} [íÓ: 13] áóßöäú Åöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÈõÚöËõæÇ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó ÞóÏöíãðÇ¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõãú æóÃóåúáóßóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Ëõãøó ÚõãöÑóÊú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÑõÓõáöåö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúäóÚõ åóÐóÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÕøóÉó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö åöíó ÞöÕøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ ÝóÖóÚöíÝñ ; áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÙóÇåöÑó ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÑøõÓõáó ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÇÖúÑöÈú áóåõãú ãóËóáðÇ} [íÓ: 13] íóÚúäöí: áöÞóæúãößó íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ {ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö} [íÓ: 13] íóÚúäöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó {ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåóÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáõæäó ÅöÐú ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõãóÇ ÝóÚóÒøóÒúäóÇ ÈöËóÇáöËò} [íÓ: 13] Ãóíú ; ÃóíøóÏúäóÇåõãóÇ ÈöËóÇáöËò Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö {ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóíúßõãú ãõÑúÓóáõæäó} [íÓ: 14] ÝóÑóÏøõæÇ Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÈóÔóÑñ ãöËúáõåõãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúÃõãóãõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑóÉõ áöÑõÓõáöåöãú¡ íóÓúÊóÈúÚöÏõæäó Ãóäú íóÈúÚóËó Çááøóåõ äóÈöíøðÇ ÈóÔóÑöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈõæåõãú ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó íóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóÇ ÑõÓõáõåõ Åöáóíúßõãú¡ æóáóæú ßõäøóÇ ßóÐøóÈóäóÇ Úóáóíúåö áóÚóÇÞóÈúäóÇ æóÇäúÊóÞóãó ãöäøóÇ ÃóÔóÏøó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö {æóãóÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ ÇáúãõÈöíäõ} [íÓ: 17] Ãóíú; ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ Ãóíú äõÈóáøöÛõßõãú ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúäóÇ Èöåö Åöáóíúßõãú¡ æóÇááøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóåúÏöí ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ¡ æóíõÖöáøõ ãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ {ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÊóØóíøóÑúäóÇ Èößõãú} [íÓ: 18] Ãóíú ; ÊóÔóÇÁóãúäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõãõæäóÇ Èöåö {áóÆöäú áóãú ÊóäúÊóåõæÇ áóäóÑúÌõãóäøóßõãú} [íÓ: 18] Þöíáó ÈöÇáúãóÞóÇáö. æóÞöíáó ÈöÇáúÝöÚóÇáö. æóíõÄóíøöÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáó Þóæúáõåõ {æóáóíóãóÓøóäøóßõãú ãöäøóÇ ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ} [íÓ: 18] ÊóæóÚøóÏõæåõãú ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáúÅöåóÇäóÉö. {ÞóÇáõæÇ ØóÇÆöÑõßõãú ãóÚóßõãú} [íÓ: 19] Ãóíú ; ãóÑúÏõæÏñ(2/12)
Úóáóíúßõãú ÃóÅöäú ÐõßøöÑúÊõãú Ãóíú ; ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÃóäøóÇ ÐóßøóÑúäóÇßõãú ÈöÇáúåõÏóì æóÏóÚóæúäóÇßõãú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÊóæóÚøóÏúÊõãõæäóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáúÅöåóÇäóÉö {Èóáú ÃóäúÊõãú Þóæúãñ ãõÓúÑöÝõæäó} [íÓ: 19] Ãóíú ; áóÇ ÊóÞúÈóáõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøó¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõæäóåõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÌóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóÞúÕóÇ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÑóÌõáñ íóÓúÚóì} [íÓ: 20] íóÚúäöí: áöäõÕúÑóÉö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåöãú {ÞóÇáó íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ãóäú áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõßõãú ÃóÌúÑðÇ æóåõãú ãõåúÊóÏõæäó} [íÓ: 20] Ãóíú ; íóÏúÚõæäóßõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÍúÖö¡ ÈöáóÇ ÃõÌúÑóÉò æóáóÇ ÌöÚóÇáóÉò. Ëõãøó ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóäóåóÇåõãú Úóäú ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ãóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóäúÝóÚõ ÔóíúÆðÇ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö {Åöäøöí ÅöÐðÇ áóÝöí ÖóáóÇáò ãõÈöíäò} [íÓ: 24] Ãóíú ; Åöäú ÊóÑóßúÊõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÉó Çááøóåö æóÚóÈóÏúÊõ ÓöæóÇåõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãõÎóÇØöÈðÇ áöáÑøõÓõáö {Åöäøöí ÂãóäúÊõ ÈöÑóÈøößõãú ÝóÇÓúãóÚõæäö} [íÓ: 25] Þöíáó: ÝóÇÓúÊóãöÚõæÇ ãóÞóÇáóÊöí¡ æóÇÔúåóÏõæÇ áöí ÈöåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößõãú. æóÞöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÝóÇÓúãóÚõæÇ íóÇ Þóæúãöí ÅöíãóÇäöí ÈöÑõÓõáö Çááøóåö ÌóåúÑóÉð. ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÞóÊóáõæåõ. Þöíáó: ÑóÌóãðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÚóÖøðÇ. æóÞöíáó: æóËóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö æóËúÈóÉó ÑóÌõáò æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÞóÊóáõæåõ. æóÍóßóì ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞóÇáó: æóØöÆõæåõ ÈöÃóÑúÌõáöåöãú ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎúÑóÌõæÇ ÞõÕúÈóåõ.
æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇáËøóæúÑöíøõ¡ Úóäú ÚóÇÕöãò ÇáúÃóÍúæóáö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ãöÌúáóÒò: ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÍóÈöíÈó Èúäó ãõÑóì. Ëõãøó Þöíáó: ßóÇäó äóÌøóÇÑðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÍóÈøóÇáðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÅöÓúßóÇÝðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ÞóÕøóÇÑðÇ. æóÞöíáó: ßóÇäó íóÊóÚóÈøóÏõ Ýöí ÛóÇÑò åõäóÇßó. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäó ÍóÈöíÈñ ÇáäøóÌøóÇÑõ ÞóÏú ÃóÓúÑóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáúÌõÐóÇãõ¡ æóßóÇäó ßóËöíÑó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉö¡ ÞóÊóáóåõ Þóæúãõåõ.(2/13)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÇÏúÎõáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉó} [íÓ: 26] íóÚúäöí: áóãøóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ Þóæúãõåõ ÃóÏúÎóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÖúÑóÉö æóÇáÓøõÑõæÑö {ÞóÇáó íóÇ áóíúÊó Þóæúãöí íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÑóÈøöí æóÌóÚóáóäöí ãöäó ÇáúãõßúÑóãöíäó} [íÓ: 26] íóÚúäöí: áöíõÄúãöäõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÂãóäúÊõ Èöåö¡ ÝóíóÍúÕõáó áóåõãú ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó áöí. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: äóÕóÍó Þóæúãóåõ Ýöí ÍóíóÇÊöåö {íóÇ Þóæúãö ÇÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [íÓ: 20] æóÈóÚúÏó ãóãóÇÊöåö {íóÇ áóíúÊó Þóæúãöí íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÑóÈøöí æóÌóÚóáóäöí ãöäó ÇáúãõßúÑóãöíäó} [íÓ: 26] ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò. æóßóÐóáößó ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: áóÇ ÊóáúÞóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäó ÅöáøóÇ äóÇÕöÍðÇ¡ áóÇ ÊóáúÞóÇåõ ÛóÇÔøðÇ¡ áóãøóÇ ÚóÇíóäó ãóÇ ÚóÇíóäó ãöäú ßóÑóÇãóÉö Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: {íóÇ áóíúÊó Þóæúãöí íóÚúáóãõæäó ÈöãóÇ ÛóÝóÑó áöí ÑóÈøöí æóÌóÚóáóäöí ãöäó ÇáúãõßúÑóãöíäó} [íÓ: 26] Êóãóäøóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó Þóæúãõåõ ÈöãóÇ ÚóÇíóäó ãöäú ßóÑóÇãóÉö Çááøóåö æóãóÇ åóÌóãó Úóáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ ÝóáóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÚóÇÊóÈó Çááøóåõ Þóæúãóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÞóÊúáöåö {Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÎóÇãöÏõæäó} [íÓ: 29] .
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúãöåö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö ãöäú ÌõäúÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõäúÒöáöíäó} [íÓ: 28] Ãóíú ; ãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ÅöäúÒóÇáö ÌõäúÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãú. åóÐóÇ ãóÚúäóì ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò. æóÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: æóãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúåöãú ÌõäúÏðÇ¡ Ãóíú ÑöÓóÇáóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóæúáóì. ÞõáúÊõ: æóÃóÞúæóì. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó {æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõäúÒöáöíäó} [íÓ: 28](2/14)
Ãóíú ; æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöí ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö Åöáóì åóÐóÇ¡ Íöíäó ßóÐøóÈõæÇ ÑõÓõáäóÇ æóÞóÊóáõæÇ æóáöíøóäóÇ {Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÎóÇãöÏõæäó} [íÓ: 29] .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÈöÚöÖóÇÏóÊóíö ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí áöÈóáóÏöåöãú¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇÍó Èöåöãú ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð {ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõãú ÎóÇãöÏõæäó} [íÓ: 29] Ãóíú ; ÞóÏú ÃõÎúãöÏóÊú ÃóÕúæóÇÊõåõãú¡ æóÓóßóäóÊú ÍóÑóßóÇÊõåõãú¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäúåõãú Úóíúäñ ÊóØúÑöÝõ. æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó áóíúÓóÊú ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó ; áöÃóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÃõåúáößõæÇ ÈöÊóßúÐöíÈöåöãú ÑõÓõáó Çááøóåö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó ÂãóäõæÇ¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚõæÇ ÑõÓõáó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÑöíøöíäó Åöáóíúåöãú ; ÝóáöåóÐóÇ Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÃóäúØóÇßöíóÉó Ãóæøóáõ ãóÏöíäóÉò ÂãóäóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÓöíÍö. ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÍõÓóíúäò ÇáúÃóÔúÞóÑö¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí äóÌöíÍò¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: «ÇáÓøõÈøóÞõ ËóáóÇËóÉñ ; ÝóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ Åöáóì ãõæÓóì íõæÔóÚõ Èúäõ äõæäò¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ Åöáóì ÚöíÓóì ÕóÇÍöÈõ íÓ¡ æóÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ØóÇáöÈò» ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÏöíËñ áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ; áöÃóäøó ÍõÓóíúäðÇ åóÐóÇ ãóÊúÑõæßñ¡ æóÔöíÚöíøñ ãöäó ÇáúÛõáóÇÉö¡ æóÊóÝóÑøõÏõåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÖóÚúÝöåö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(2/15)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ íõæäõÓó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
[Þóæúãõ íõæäõÓó æóãóÇ Íóáøó Èöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö]
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " íõæäõÓó " {ÝóáóæúáóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÑúíóÉñ ÂãóäóÊú ÝóäóÝóÚóåóÇ ÅöíãóÇäõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúãó íõæäõÓó áóãøóÇ ÂãóäõæÇ ßóÔóÝúäóÇ Úóäúåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÎöÒúíö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóãóÊøóÚúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì Íöíäò} [íæäÓ: 98] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ": {æóÐóÇ Çáäøõæäö ÅöÐú ÐóåóÈó ãõÛóÇÖöÈðÇ ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäú áóäú äóÞúÏöÑó Úóáóíúåö ÝóäóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Åöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó - ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúäóÇ áóåõ æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóãøö æóßóÐóáößó äõäúÌöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 87 - 88]
[ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö: 87¡ 88] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö " {æóÅöäøó íõæäõÓó áóãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó - ÅöÐú ÃóÈóÞó Åöáóì ÇáúÝõáúßö ÇáúãóÔúÍõæäö - ÝóÓóÇåóãó ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÏúÍóÖöíäó - ÝóÇáúÊóÞóãóåõ ÇáúÍõæÊõ æóåõæó ãõáöíãñ - ÝóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóÈøöÍöíäó - áóáóÈöËó Ýöí ÈóØúäöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö íõÈúÚóËõæäó - ÝóäóÈóÐúäóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÇÁö æóåõæó ÓóÞöíãñ - æóÃóäúÈóÊúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÔóÌóÑóÉð ãöäú íóÞúØöíäò - æóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇåõ Åöáóì ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú íóÒöíÏõæäó - ÝóÂãóäõæÇ ÝóãóÊøóÚúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì Íöíäò} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 139 - 148]
[ÇáÕøóÇÝøóÇÊö: 139 - 148] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " äõæäú ": {ÝóÇÕúÈöÑú áöÍõßúãö ÑóÈøößó æóáóÇ Êóßõäú ßóÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáúÍõæÊö ÅöÐú äóÇÏóì æóåõæó ãóßúÙõæãñ - áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÏóÇÑóßóåõ äöÚúãóÉñ ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö áóäõÈöÐó ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÇÁö æóåõæó ãóÐúãõæãñ - ÝóÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÝóÌóÚóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÞáã: 48 - 50]
[ÇáúÞóáóãö: 48 - 50] .(2/16)
ÞóÇáó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö: ÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ íõæäõÓó¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö äöíäóæóì ; ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãóæúÕöáö ÝóÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóßóÐøóÈõæåõ æóÊóãóÑøóÏõæÇ Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåöãú æóÚöäóÇÏöåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ØóÇáó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö ãóäú ÃóãúÑöåõãú¡ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóÙúåóÑöåöãú¡ æóæóÚóÏóåõãú Íõáõæáó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ËóáóÇËò. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö: ÝóáóãøóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú Èóíúäö ÙóåúÑóÇäóíúåöãú æóÊóÍóÞøóÞõæÇ äõÒõæáó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èöåöãú¡ ÞóÐóÝó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöåöãõ ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉó æóÇáúÅöäóÇÈóÉó¡ æóäóÏöãõæÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì äóÈöíøöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÈöÓõæÇ ÇáúãõÓõæÍó¡ æóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÈóåöíãóÉò æóæóáóÏöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÚóÌøõæóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóÕóÑóÎõæÇ æóÊóÖóÑøóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóãóÓúßóäõæÇ áóÏóíúåö¡ æóÈóßóì ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáúÈóäõæäó æóÇáúÈóäóÇÊõ¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóåóÇÊõ¡ æóÌóÃóÑóÊö ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÈøõ æóÇáúãóæóÇÔöí¡ æóÑóÛóÊö ÇáúÅöÈöáõ æóÝõÕúáóÇäõåóÇ¡ æóÎóÇÑóÊö ÇáúÈóÞóÑõ æóÃóæúáóÇÏõåóÇ¡ æóËóÛóÊö ÇáúÛóäóãõ æóÍõãúáóÇäõåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÓóÇÚóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð åóÇÆöáóÉð¡ ÝóßóÔóÝó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ¡ ÈöÍóæúáöåö æóÞõæøóÊöåö¡ æóÑóÃúÝóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö¡ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÕóáó Èöåöãú ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö¡ æóÏóÇÑó Úóáóì ÑõÄõæÓöåöãú ßóÞöØóÚö Çááøóíúáö ÇáúãõÙúáöãö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÝóáóæúáóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÞóÑúíóÉñ ÂãóäóÊú ÝóäóÝóÚóåóÇ ÅöíãóÇäõåóÇ} [íæäÓ: 98] Ãóíú ; åóáøóÇ æõÌöÏóÊú ÝöíãóÇ ÓóáóÝó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÞóÑúíóÉñ ÂãóäóÊú ÈößóãóÇáöåóÇ. ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞóÚú Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Ýöí ÞóÑúíóÉò ãöäú äóÐöíÑò ÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõÊúÑóÝõæåóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõãú Èöåö ßóÇÝöÑõæäó} [ÓÈÃ: 34] . æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÅöáøóÇ Þóæúãó íõæäõÓó áóãøóÇ ÂãóäõæÇ ßóÔóÝúäóÇ Úóäúåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈó ÇáúÎöÒúíö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóãóÊøóÚúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì Íöíäò} [íæäÓ: 98] Ãóíú ; ÂãóäõæÇ ÈößóãóÇáöåöãú. æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó ; åóáú íóäúÝóÚõåõãú(2/17)
åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÝóíõäúÞöÐõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäúÞóÐóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøö¿ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäó ÇáÓøöíóÇÞö: äóÚóãú Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóãøóÇ ÂãóäõæÇ} [íæäÓ: 98] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇåõ Åöáóì ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú íóÒöíÏõæäó - ÝóÂãóäõæÇ ÝóãóÊøóÚúäóÇåõãú Åöáóì Íöíäò} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 147 - 148] æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÊóÇÚõ Åöáóì Íöíäò áóÇ íóäúÝöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøö. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÞóÏú ßóÇäõæÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ÃóáúÝò áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ; ÝóÚóäú ãóßúÍõæáò: ÚóÔóÑóÉõ ÂáóÇÝò. æóÑóæóì ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÒõåóíúÑò¡ Úóãøóäú ÓóãöÚó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÚóÇáöíóÉö ; ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò «Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäú Þóæúáöåö {æóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇåõ Åöáóì ãöÇÆóÉö ÃóáúÝò Ãóæú íóÒöíÏõæäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 147] ÞóÇáó: íóÒöíÏõæäó ÚöÔúÑöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ» . ÝóáóæúáóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúãõÈúåóãõ áóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÝóÇÕöáðÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö. æóÚóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäõæÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ÃóáúÝò æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÚóäúåõ¡ æóÈöÖúÚóÉð æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÚóäúåõ¡ æóÈöÖúÚóÉð æóÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò ßóÇäõæÇ ãöÇÆóÉó ÃóáúÝò æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ; åóáú ßóÇäó ÅöÑúÓóÇáõåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍõæÊö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ãóæú åõãóÇ ÃõãøóÊóÇäö¿ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÞúæóÇáò¡ åöíó ãóÈúÓõæØóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøóåõ¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ áóãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó ãõÛóÇÖöÈðÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Þóæúãöåö¡ ÑóßöÈó ÓóÝöíäóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ ÝóáóÌøóÊú Èöåöãú æóÇÖúØóÑóÈóÊú¡ æóãóÇÌóÊú Èöåöãú æóËóÞõáóÊú ÈöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóßóÇÏõæÇ(2/18)
íóÛúÑóÞõæäó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝóÇÔúÊóæóÑõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÞúÊóÑöÚõæÇ¡ Ýóãóäú æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉõ ÃóáúÞóæúåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÝöíäóÉö ; áöíóÊóÎóÝøóÝõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóÚõæÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉõ Úóáóì äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö íõæäõÓó¡ Ýóáóãú íóÓúãóÍõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÃóÚóÇÏõæåóÇ ËóÇäöíóÉð ÝóæóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÔóãøóÑó áöíóÎúáóÚó ËöíóÇÈóåõ æóíõáúÞöíó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóÃóÈóæúÇ Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÚóÇÏõæÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉó ËóÇáöËóÉð ÝóæóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó íõæäõÓó áóãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó - ÅöÐú ÃóÈóÞó Åöáóì ÇáúÝõáúßö ÇáúãóÔúÍõæäö - ÝóÓóÇåóãó ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÏúÍóÖöíäó - ÝóÇáúÊóÞóãóåõ ÇáúÍõæÊõ æóåõæó ãõáöíãñ} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 139 - 142] æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÚóÉõ¡ ÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÈóÚóËó Çááøóåõ¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÍõæÊðÇ ÚóÙöíãðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö ÇáúÃóÎúÖóÑö ÝóÇáúÊóÞóãóåõ¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÃúßõáó áóåõ áóÍúãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõåóÔøöãó áóåõ ÚóÙúãðÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóßó ÈöÑöÒúÞò¡ ÝóÃóÎúÐóåõ ÝóØóÇÝó Èöåö ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑó ßõáøóåóÇ. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÇÈúÊóáóÚó Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõæÊó ÍõæÊñ ÂÎóÑõ ÃóßúÈóÑõ ãöäúåõ. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó Ýöí ÌóæúÝö ÇáúÍõæÊö¡ ÍóÓöÈó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ ÝóÍóÑøóßó ÌóæóÇÑöÍóåõ ÝóÊóÍóÑøóßóÊú¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó Íóíøñ¡ ÝóÎóÑøó áöáøóåö ÓóÇÌöÏðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: íóÇ ÑóÈøö¡ ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊõ áóßó ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ áóãú íóÚúÈõÏúßó ÃóÍóÏñ Ýöí ãóËóáöåö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãöÞúÏóÇÑö áõÈúËöåö Ýöí ÈóØúäöåö ; ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÌóÇáöÏñ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö: ÇáúÊóÞóãóåõ ÖõÍðì¡ æóáóÝóÙóåõ ÚóÔöíøóÉð. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ãóßóËó Ýöíåö ËóáóÇËðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ÌóÚúÝóÑñ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ÓóÈúÚóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò. æóíóÔúåóÏõ áóåõ ÔöÚúÑõ ÃõãóíøóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáÕøóáúÊö:
æóÃóäúÊó ÈöÝóÖúáò ãöäúßó äóÌøóíúÊó íõæõäõÓóÇ ... æóÞóÏú ÈóÇÊó Ýöí ÃóÖúÚóÇÝö ÍõæÊò áóíóÇáöíóÇ(2/19)
æóÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãóÇáößò: ãóßóËó Ýöí ÌóæúÝöåö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ßóãú ãöÞúÏóÇÑõ ãóÇ áóÈöËó Ýöíåö.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÌõÚöáó ÇáúÍõæÊõ íóØõæÝõ Èöåö Ýöí ÞóÑóÇÑö ÇáúÈöÍóÇÑö ÇááøõÌøöíøóÉö¡ æóíóÞúÊóÍöãõ Èöåö áõÌóÌó ÇáúãóæúÌö ÇáúÃõÌóÇÌöíøö¡ ÝóÓóãöÚó ÊóÓúÈöíÍó ÇáúÍöíÊóÇäö áöáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚó ÊóÓúÈöíÍó ÇáúÍóÕóì áöÝóÇáöÞö ÇáúÍóÈøö æóÇáäøóæóì¡ æóÑóÈøö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÈúÚö¡ æóÇáúÃóÑúÖöíäó ÇáÓøóÈúÚö¡ æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáËøóÑóì¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó æóåõäóÇáößó ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈöáöÓóÇäö ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÇáúãóÞóÇáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ Ðõæ ÇáúÚöÒøóÉö æóÇáúÌóáóÇáö¡ ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúáóãõ ÇáÓøöÑøó æóÇáäøóÌúæóì¡ æóíóßúÔöÝõ ÇáÖøõÑøó æóÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ ÓóÇãöÚõ ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊö æóÅöäú ÖóÚõÝóÊú¡ æóÚóÇáöãõ ÇáúÎöÝúíóÇÊö æóÅöäú ÏóÞøóÊú¡ æóãõÌöíÈõ ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö æóÅöäú ÚóÙõãóÊú¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇáúãõÈöíäö¡ ÇáúãõäóÒøóáö Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáúÃóãöíäö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó¡ æóÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ æóÅöáóåõ ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó: {æóÐóÇ Çáäøõæäö ÅöÐú ÐóåóÈó ãõÛóÇÖöÈðÇ ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäú áóäú äóÞúÏöÑó Úóáóíúåö ÝóäóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Åöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó - ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúäóÇ áóåõ æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóãøö æóßóÐóáößó äõäúÌöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 87 - 88] .
{ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäú áóäú äóÞúÏöÑó Úóáóíúåö} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 87] Ãóíú ; äõÖóíøöÞó. æóÞöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ äõÞóÏøöÑõ¡ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö. æóåöíó áõÛóÉñ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉñ: ÞóÏóÑó¡ æóÞóÏøóÑó. ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑõ
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ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö: Ýöí ÅöäúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÑúÚö Úóáóíúåö Íößóãñ ÌóãøóÉñ ; ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó æóÑóÞóåõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáäøõÚõæãóÉö¡ æóßóËöíÑñ æóÙóáöíáñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÞúÑóÈõåõ ÐõÈóÇÈñ¡ æóíõÄúßóáõ ËóãóÑõåõ ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ØõáõæÚöåö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ äöíÆðÇ æóãóØúÈõæÎðÇ¡ æóÈöÞöÔúÑöåö æóÈöÈöÒúÑöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÝöíåö äóÝúÚñ ßóËöíÑñ¡ æóÊóÞúæöíóÉñ áöáÏøöãóÇÛö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó. æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ßóáóÇãõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÊóÓúÎöíÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ Êöáúßó ÇáúÃõÑúæöíøóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ÊõÑúÖöÚõåõ áóÈóäóåóÇ¡ æóÊóÑúÚóì Ýöí ÇáúÈóÑøöíøóÉö¡ æóÊóÃúÊöíåö ÈõßúÑóÉð æóÚóÔöíøóÉð. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö Èöåö¡ æóäöÚúãóÊöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúäóÇ áóåõ æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóãøö} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 88] Ãóíö ; ÇáúßóÑúÈö æóÇáÖøöíÞö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöíåö {æóßóÐóáößó äõäúÌöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 88](2/24)
Ãóíú ; æóåóÐóÇ ÕóäöíÚõäóÇ Èößõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÏóÚóÇäóÇ æóÇÓúÊóÌóÇÑó ÈöäóÇ.
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÚöãúÑóÇäõ Èúäõ ÈóßøóÇÑò ÇáúßóáóÇÚöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÕóÇáöÍò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÈöÔúÑõ Èúäõ ãóäúÕõæÑò¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö ÞóÇáó ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÓóÚúÏó Èúäó ãóÇáößò æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò íóÞõæáõ: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ «: ÇÓúãõ Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí ÅöÐóÇ ÏõÚöíó Èöåö ÃóÌóÇÈó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáó Èöåö ÃóÚúØóì¡ ÏóÚúæóÉõ íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ åöíó áöíõæäõÓó ÎóÇÕøóÉð Ãóãú áöÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¿ ÞóÇáó åöíó áöíõæäõÓó ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ æóáöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóÇãøóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÚóæúÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóáóãú ÊóÓúãóÚú Þóæúáó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÇÏóì Ýöí ÇáÙøõáõãóÇÊö Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Åöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó - ÝóÇÓúÊóÌóÈúäóÇ áóåõ æóäóÌøóíúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóãøö æóßóÐóáößó äõäúÌöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 87 - 88] » Ýóåõæó ÔóÑúØñ ãöäó Çááøóåö áöãóäú ÏóÚóÇåõ Èöåö æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÎóÇáöÏò ÇáúÃóÍúãóÑõ¡ Úóäú ßóËöíÑö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ Úóäö ÇáúãõØøóáöÈö Èúäö ÍóäúØóÈò - ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÎóÇáöÏò: ÃóÍúÓóÈõåõ Úóäú ãõÕúÚóÈò. íóÚúäöí ÇÈúäó ÓóÚúÏò - Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: «ãóäú ÏóÚóÇ ÈöÏõÚóÇÁö íõæäõÓó ÇÓúÊõÌöíÈó áóåõ.» ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÃóÔóÌøõ: íõÑöíÏõ Èöåö {æóßóÐóáößó äõäúÌöí ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 88] æóåóÐóÇäö ØóÑöíÞóÇäö Úóäú ÓóÚúÏò.(2/25)
æóËóÇáöËñ ÃóÍúÓóäõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ;ÞóÇáó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íõæäõÓõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúåóãúÏóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÇáöÏöí ãõÍóãøóÏñ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö ÓóÚúÏò - æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí æóÞøóÇÕò - ÞóÇáó: ãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóÓóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóãóáóÃó Úóíúäóíúåö ãöäøöí Ëõãøó áóãú íóÑúÏõÏú Úóáóíøó ÇáÓøóáóÇãó¡ ÝóÃóÊóíúÊõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö¡ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åóáú ÍóÏóËó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÔóíúÁñ¿ ãóÑøóÊóíúäö. ÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóÇßó¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøöí ãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÚõËúãóÇäó ÂäöÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóÓóáøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóãóáóÃó Úóíúäóíúåö ãöäøöí¡ Ëõãøó áóãú íóÑúÏõÏú Úóáóíøó ÇáÓøóáóÇãó. ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó ÚõãóÑõ Åöáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÝóÏóÚóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ãóäóÚóßó Ãóäú áóÇ Êóßõæäó ÑóÏóÏúÊó Úóáóì ÃóÎöíßó ÇáÓøóáóÇãó¿ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊõ. ÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏñ: ÞõáúÊõ: Èóáóì. ÍóÊøóì ÍóáóÝó æóÍóáóÝúÊõ. ÞóÇáó: Ëõãøó Åöäú ÚõËúãóÇäó ÐóßóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Èóáóì¡ æóÃóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõ Çááøóåó æóÃóÊõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö¡ Åöäøóßó ãóÑóÑúÊó Èöí ÂäöÝðÇ¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÃõÍóÏøöËõ äóÝúÓöí ÈößóáöãóÉò ÓóãöÚúÊõåóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ áóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõåóÇ ÞóØøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÊóÛóÔøóì ÈóÕóÑöí æóÞóáúÈöí ÛöÔóÇæóÉñ. ÞóÇáó ÓóÚúÏñ: ÝóÃóäóÇ ÃõäúÈöÆõßó ÈöåóÇ¡ «Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÐóßóÑó áóäóÇ Ãóæøóáó ÏóÚúæóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøñ ÝóÔóÛóáóåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÔúÝóÞúÊõ Ãóäú íóÓúÈöÞóäöí Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåö¡ ÖóÑóÈúÊõ ÈöÞóÏóãöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖó¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊó Åöáóíøó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóäú åóÐóÇ¿ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÞõáúÊõ: äóÚóãú¡ íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö. ÞóÇáó: Ýóãóåú¿ ÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ æóÇááøóåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóßó ÐóßóÑúÊó áóäóÇ Ãóæøóáó ÏóÚúæóÉò¡ Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøõ ÝóÔóÛóáóßó. ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú¡ ÏóÚúæóÉõ Ðöí Çáäøõæäö ; ÅöÐú(2/26)
åõæó Ýöí ÈóØúäö ÇáúÍõæÊö: {áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó Åöäøöí ßõäúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃäÈíÇÁ: 87] ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íóÏúÚõ ÈöåóÇ ãõÓúáöãñ ÑóÈøóåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÞóØøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÌóÇÈó áóåõ» æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ¡ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÓóÚúÏò Èöåö.(2/27)
[ÝóÖúáõ íõæäõÓó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÐößúÑõ ÝóÖúáö íõæäõÓó¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó íõæäõÓó áóãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÕÇÝÇÊ: 139] . æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúßöÑóÇãö¡ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÊóíö " ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö " æ " ÇáúÃóäúÚóÇãö "¡ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäó Çááøóåö ÃóÝúÖóáõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãö.
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Úóäú íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ãöåúÑóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: «æóãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÚóÈúÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÃóÍúãóÏõ.
æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö Èúäö ßóíúÓóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÑóÌóÇÁò¡ ÃóäúÈóÃóäóÇ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáõ¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí íóÍúíóì ÇáúÞóÊøóÇÊö¡ Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: «áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» ÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÌóíøöÏñ¡ æóáóãú íõÎóÑøöÌõæåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ¡ Úóäú ÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÍõãóíúÏó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: «áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÚóÈúÏò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóäóÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» æóßóÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Èöåö. æóÝöí " ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøö " æó " ãõÓúáöãò " ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáúÝóÖúáö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö åõÑúãõÒó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÌö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÇáøóÐöí áóØóãó æóÌúåó ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö Íöíäó ÞóÇáó: áóÇ æóÇáøóÐöí ÇÕúØóÝóì ãõæÓóì Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö: «æóáóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» Ãóíú ; áóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú íõÝóÖøöáó äóÝúÓóåõ Úóáóì íõæäõÓó. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: «áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí áöÃóÍóÏò Ãóäú(2/29)
íõÝóÖøöáóäöí Úóáóì íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö: «áóÇ ÊõÝóÖøöáõæäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì íõæäõÓó Èúäö ãóÊøóì» æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúåóÖúãö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ãöäúåõ¡ ÕóáóæóÇÊõ Çááøóåö æóÓóáóÇãõåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Çááøóåö æóÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó.(2/30)
[ÞöÕøóÉõ ãõæÓóì Çáúßóáöíãö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
[ÞöÕøóÊõåõ ãóÚó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÞóæúãöåö]
ÐößúÑõ ÞöÕøóÉö ãõæÓóì Çáúßóáöíãö¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
æóåõæó ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó Èúäö ÞóÇåöËó Èúäö ÚóÇÒöÑó Èúäö áóÇæöí Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÐúßõÑú Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãõæÓóì Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÎúáóÕðÇ æóßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáðÇ äóÈöíøðÇ - æóäóÇÏóíúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáØøõæÑö ÇáúÃóíúãóäö æóÞóÑøóÈúäóÇåõ äóÌöíøðÇ - æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ ÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÑõæäó äóÈöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 51 - 53]
[ãóÑúíóãó 51 - 53] . ÐóßóÑóåõ ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇÕö æóÇáÊøóßúáöíãö æóÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÈö¡ æóãóäøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóäú ÌóÚóáó ÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÑõæäó äóÈöíøðÇ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÞöÕøóÊóåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ãóÈúÓõæØóÉò¡ æóãõÊóæóÓøöØóÉò¡ æóãõÎúÊóÕóÑóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóãúäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö ãöäó " ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö " æóÓóäõæÑöÏõ ÓöíÑóÊóåõ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ ãöäö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöåóÇ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøóäóÉö¡ æóãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ¡ æóÈöåö ÇáËøöÞóÉõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ØÓã - Êöáúßó ÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõÈöíäö - äóÊúáõæÇ Úóáóíúßó ãöäú äóÈóÃö ãõæÓóì æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö áöÞóæúãò íõÄúãöäõæäó - Åöäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÚóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÌóÚóáó ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ íóÓúÊóÖúÚöÝõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäúåõãú íõÐóÈøöÍõ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóåõãú æóíóÓúÊóÍúíöí äöÓóÇÁóåõãú Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó - æóäõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú äóãõäøó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊõÖúÚöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËöíäó - æóäõãóßøöäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóäõÑöíó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóåóÇãóÇäó æóÌõäõæÏóåõãóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 1 - 6]
[ÇáúÞöÕóÕö 1 - 6] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõáóÎøóÕó ÇáúÞöÕøóÉö Ëõãøó íóÈúÓõØõåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóÊúáõæ Úóáóì äóÈöíøöåö ÎóÈóÑó ãõæÓóì æóÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ; Ãóíú ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÃóäøó ÓóÇãöÚóåõ ãõÔóÇåöÏñ áöáúÃóãúÑö ãõÚóÇíöäñ áóåõ {Åöäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÚóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÌóÚóáó ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 4] Ãóíú ; ÊóÌóÈøóÑó æóÚóÊóÇ¡ æóØóÛóì æóÈóÛóì¡ æóÂËóÑó ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÃóÚúÑóÖó Úóäú ØóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì. {æóÌóÚóáó ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÔöíóÚðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 4] Ãóíú ; ÞóÓøóãó ÑóÚöíøóÊóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÞúÓóÇãò æóÝöÑóÞò æóÃóäúæóÇÚò {íóÓúÊóÖúÚöÝõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉð ãöäúåõãú} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 4] æóåõãú ÔóÚúÈõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ãöäú ÓõáóÇáóÉö äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö íóÚúÞõæÈó Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó Èúäö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Îóáöíáö Çááøóåö. æóßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÎöíóÇÑó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóáøóØó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú åóÐóÇ Çáúãóáößó ÇáÙøóÇáöãó ÇáúÛóÇÔöãó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÇáúÝóÇÌöÑó¡ íóÓúÊóÚúÈöÏõåõãú æóíóÓúÊóÎúÏöãõåõãú Ýöí ÃóÎóÓøö ÇáÕøóäóÇÆöÚö æóÇáúÍöÑóÝö¡ æóÃóÑúÏóÆöåóÇ¡ æóÃóÏúäóÇåóÇ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ {íõÐóÈøöÍõ ÃóÈúäóÇÁóåõãú æóíóÓúÊóÍúíöí äöÓóÇÁóåõãú Åöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 4] æóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ áóåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóäöíÚö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö¡ Ãóäøó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÊóÏóÇÑóÓõæäó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÃúËõÑõæäóåõ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÎóáöíáö¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ ÓóíóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöåö ÛõáóÇãñ íóßõæäõ åóáóÇßõ ãóáößö ãöÕúÑó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ¡ Íöíäó ÌóÑóì Úóáóì ÓóÇÑøóÉó ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÇáúÎóáöíáö ãöäú ãóáößö ãöÕúÑó¡ ãöäú ÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö ÅöíøóÇåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøõæÁö¡ æóÚöÕúãóÉö Çááøóåö áóåóÇ.(2/31)
æóßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉõ ãóÔúåõæÑóÉð Ýöí Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóÊóÍóÏøóËó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÞöÈúØõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóæóÕóáóÊú Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓö ãõÓóÇãóÑóÊöåö ãóÚó ÃõãóÑóÇÆöåö æóÃóÓóÇæöÑóÊöåö æóåõãú íóÓúãõÑõæäó ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÃóÈúäóÇÁö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ; ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäú æõÌõæÏö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÛõáóÇãö¡ æóáóäú íõÛúäöíó ÍóÐóÑñ ãöäú ÞóÏóÑò.
æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ æóÃóÈöí ãóÇáößò¡ Úóäú ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÚóäú ãõÑøóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÚóäú ÃõäóÇÓò ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÑóÃóì Ýöí ãóäóÇãöåö ßóÃóäøó äóÇÑðÇ ÞóÏú ÃóÞúÈóáóÊú ãöäú äóÍúæö ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö ÝóÃóÍúÑóÞóÊú ÏóæúÑó ãöÕúÑó æóÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÞöÈúØö¡ æóáóãú ÊóÖõÑøó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóíúÞóÙó åóÇáóåõ Ðóáößó ÝóÌóãóÚó ÇáúßóåóäóÉó æóÇáúÍõÒóÇÉó æóÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉó æóÓóÃóáóåõãú Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáúßóåóäóÉõ: åóÐóÇ ÛõáóÇãñ íõæáóÏõ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ íóßõæäõ ÓóÈóÈó åóáóÇßö Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö. ÝóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúÛöáúãóÇäö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáäøöÓúæóÇäö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóäõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú äóãõäøó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊõÖúÚöÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 5] æóåõãú Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó {æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãú ÃóÆöãøóÉð æóäóÌúÚóáóåõãõ ÇáúæóÇÑöËöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 5] Ãóíö ; ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÆõæáõ ãõáúßõ ãöÕúÑó æóÈöáóÇÏõåóÇ Åöáóíúåöãú {æóäõãóßøöäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóäõÑöíó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóåóÇãóÇäó æóÌõäõæÏóåõãóÇ ãöäúåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 6] Ãóíú ; ÓóäóÌúÚóáõ ÇáÖøóÚöíÝó ÞóæöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúåõæÑó ÞóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóÇáÐøóáöíáó ÚóÒöíÒðÇ. æóÞóÏú ÌóÑóì åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ áöÈóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ; ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó(2/33)
ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóæúÑóËúäóÇ ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ íõÓúÊóÖúÚóÝõæäó ãóÔóÇÑöÞó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÛóÇÑöÈóåóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÇÑóßúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÊóãøóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÑóÈøößó ÇáúÍõÓúäóì Úóáóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÈöãóÇ ÕóÈóÑõæÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 137] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇåõãú ãöäú ÌóäøóÇÊò æóÚõíõæäò - æóßõäõæÒò æóãóÞóÇãò ßóÑöíãò - ßóÐóáößó æóÃóæúÑóËúäóÇåóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 57 - 59]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö 57 - 59] . æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÝúÕöíáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇÍúÊóÑóÒó ßõáøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö Ãóäú áóÇ íõæÌóÏó ãõæÓóì¡ ÍóÊøóì ÌóÚóáó ÑöÌóÇáðÇ æóÞóæóÇÈöáó íóÏõæÑõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÈóÇáóì¡ æóíóÚúáóãõæäó ãöíÞóÇÊó æóÖúÚöåöäøó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóáöÏõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÐóßóÑðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÐóÈóÍóåõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáÐøóÈøóÇÍõæäó ãöäú ÓóÇÚóÊöåö. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÐóÈúÍö ÇáúÛöáúãóÇäö áöÊóÖúÚõÝó ÔóæúßóÉõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇæöãõæäóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÛóÇáóÈõæåõãú Ãóæú ÞóÇÊóáõæåõãú. æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó åóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÈóÚúËóÉö ãõæÓóì ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÞúÊõáõ ÇáúæöáúÏóÇäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ãöäú ÚöäúÏöäóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÇÞúÊõáõæÇ ÃóÈúäóÇÁó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ æóÇÓúÊóÍúíõæÇ äöÓóÇÁóåõãú} [ÛÇÝÑ: 25] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó áöãõæÓóì: {ÃõæÐöíäóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈúáö Ãóäú ÊóÃúÊöíóäóÇ æóãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊóäóÇ} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 129] . ÝóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúÛöáúãóÇäö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. åóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóÏóÑõ íóÞõæáõ: íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ Çáúãóáößõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑõ¡ ÇáúãóÛúÑõæÑõ ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÌõäõæÏöåö¡ æóÓõáúØóÉö ÈóÃúÓöåö æóÇÊøöÓóÇÚö ÓõáúØóÇäöåö¡ ÞóÏú Íóßóãó ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ(2/34)
íõÛóÇáóÈõ æóáóÇ íõãóÇäóÚõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÎóÇáóÝõ ÃóÞúÏóÇÑõåõ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúáõæÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÍúÊóÑöÒõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÊóáúÊó ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö ãöäó ÇáäøõÝõæÓö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ æóáóÇ íõÍúÕóì¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÑóÈøóÇåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÏóÇÑößó æóÚóáóì ÝöÑóÇÔößó¡ æóáóÇ íõÛóÐøóì ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÚóÇãößó æóÔóÑóÇÈößó Ýöí ãóäúÒöáößó¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÊóÈóäøóÇåõ æóÊõÑóÈøöíåö æóÊóÊóÚóÏøóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóØøóáöÚõ Úóáóì ÓöÑøö ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ Ëõãøó íóßõæäõ åóáóÇßõßó Ýöí ÏõäúíóÇßó æóÃõÎúÑóÇßó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ; áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊößó ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóßó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúãõÈöíäö¡ æóÊóßúÐöíÈößó ãóÇ ÃõæÍöíó Åöáóíúåö¡ áöÊóÚúáóãó ÃóäúÊó æóÓóÇÆöÑõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ãóäøó ÑóÈøó ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö åõæó ÇáúÝóÚøóÇáõ áöãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáÔøóÏöíÏõ¡ Ðõæ ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ æóÇáúÍóæóáö æóÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ãóÑóÏøó áóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÈúØó ÔóßóæúÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÞöáøóÉó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÞóÊúáö æöáúÏóÇäöåöãõ ÇáÐøõßõæÑö¡ æóÎóÔóæúÇ Ãóäú ÊóÊóÝóÇäóì ÇáúßöÈóÇÑõ ãóÚó ÞóÊúáö ÇáÕøöÛóÇÑö¡ ÝóíóÕöíÑõæäó åõãõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóáõæäó ãóÇ ßóÇäó íóáöíåö Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáÔøóÇÞøóÉö¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÈöÞóÊúáö ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö ÚóÇãðÇ¡ æóÃóäú íõÊúÑóßõæÇ ÚóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóæõáöÏó åóÇÑõæäõ¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýöí ÚóÇãö ÇáúãõÓóÇãóÍóÉö Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúÃóÈúäóÇÁö¡ æóæõáöÏó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýöí ÚóÇãö ÞóÊúáöåöãú¡ ÝóÖóÇÞóÊú Ãõãøõåõ Èöåö ÐóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóÇÍúÊóÑóÒóÊú ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ãóÇ ÍóÈöáóÊú Èöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú íóÙúåóÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÎóÇíöáõ ÇáúÍóÈóáö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÖóÚóÊú ÃõáúåöãóÊú Ãóäö ÇÊøóÎóÐóÊú áóåõ ÊóÇÈõæÊðÇ¡ ÝóÑóÈóØóÊúåõ Ýöí ÍóÈúáò¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÏóÇÑõåóÇ ãõÊóÇÎöãóÉð áöáäøöíáö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÊõÑúÖöÚõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎóÔöíóÊú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò æóÖóÚóÊúåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÇÈõæÊö ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóÊúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúÑö¡ æóÃóãúÓóßóÊú ØóÑóÝó ÇáúÍóÈúáö ÚöäúÏóåóÇ¡(2/35)
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ ÇÓúÊóÑúÌóÚóÊúåõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Èöåö.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì Ãõãøö ãõæÓóì Ãóäú ÃóÑúÖöÚöíåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÎöÝúÊö Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóáúÞöíåö Ýöí Çáúíóãøö æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝöí æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäöí ÅöäøóÇ ÑóÇÏøõæåõ Åöáóíúßö æóÌóÇÚöáõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó - ÝóÇáúÊóÞóØóåõ Âáõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó áöíóßõæäó áóåõãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ æóÍóÒóäðÇ Åöäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóåóÇãóÇäó æóÌõäõæÏóåõãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÎóÇØöÆöíäó - æóÞóÇáóÊö ÇãúÑóÃóÉõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÞõÑøóÉõ Úóíúäò áöí æóáóßó áóÇ ÊóÞúÊõáõæåõ ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäóÇ Ãóæú äóÊøóÎöÐóåõ æóáóÏðÇ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 7 - 9]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö 7 - 9] . åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÍúíõ æóÍóíøõ ÅöáúåóÇãò æóÅöÑúÔóÇÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóæúÍóì ÑóÈøõßó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÍúáö Ãóäö ÇÊøóÎöÐöí ãöäó ÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÈõíõæÊðÇ æóãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑö æóãöãøóÇ íóÚúÑöÔõæäó - Ëõãøó ßõáöí ãöäú ßõáö ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö ÝóÇÓúáõßöí ÓõÈõáó ÑóÈøößö ÐõáõáðÇ} [ÇáäÍá: 68 - 69]
[ÇáäøóÍúáö: 68¡ 69] . æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÈöæóÍúíö äõÈõæøóÉò ; ßóãóÇ ÒóÚóãóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÒúãò¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ Èóáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÍóßóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ Úóäú ãóÐúåóÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ: æóÇÓúãõ Ãõãøö ãõæÓóì íóÇæöÎõ æóÞöíáó: ÃóíóÇÐóÎúÊõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõÑúÔöÏóÊú Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÃõáúÞöíó Ýöí ÎóáóÏöåóÇ æóÑõæÚöåóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝöí æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ÐóåóÈó ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíóÑõÏøõåõ Åöáóíúßö¡ æóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíóÌúÚóáõåõ äóÈöíøðÇ ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ íõÚúáöí ßóáöãóÊóåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÊóÕúäóÚõ ãóÇ ÃõãöÑóÊú Èöåö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóÊúåõ ÐóÇÊó íóæúãò¡ æóÐóåóáóÊú Ãóäú ÊóÑúÈõØó ØóÑóÝó ÇáúÍóÈúáö ÚöäúÏóåóÇ¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ãóÚó Çáäøöíáö ÝóãóÑøó Úóáóì(2/36)
ÏóÇÑö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó {ÝóÇáúÊóÞóØóåõ Âáõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 8] ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöíóßõæäó áóåõãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ æóÍóÒóäðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 8] ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: åóÐöåö áóÇãõ ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉö. æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑñ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÝóÇáúÊóÞóØóåõ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ÌõÚöáó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöãóÖúãõæäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ; æóåõæó Ãóäøó Âáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÞõíøöÖõæÇ áöÇáúÊöÞóÇØöåö ; áöíóßõæäó áóåõãú ÚóÏõæøðÇ æóÍóÒóäðÇ¡ ÕóÇÑóÊö ÇááøóÇãõ ãõÚóáøöáóÉð áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóíõÞóæøöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Þóæúáõåõ {Åöäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóåóÇãóÇäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 8] æóåõæó ÇáúæóÒöíÑõ ÇáÓøõæÁõ æóÌõäõæÏóåõãóÇ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÎóÇØöÆöíäó Ãóíú ; ßóÇäõæÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÍóÞøõæÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉó æóÇáúÍóÓúÑóÉó.
æóÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöíó ÇáúÊóÞóØúäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúÑö Ýöí ÊóÇÈõæÊò ãõÛúáóÞò Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÊóÌóÇÓóÑúäó Úóáóì ÝóÊúÍöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì æóÖóÚúäóåõ Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇãúÑóÃóÉö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ; ÂÓöíóÉó ÈöäúÊö ãõÒóÇÍöãö Èúäö ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÇáÑøóíøóÇäö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ãöÕúÑó Ýöí Òóãóäö íõæÓõÝó. æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ãöäú ÓöÈúØö ãõæÓóì. æóÞöíáó: Èóáú ßóÇäóÊú ÚóãøóÊóåõ. ÍóßóÇåõ ÇáÓøõåóíúáöíøõ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ãóÏúÍõåóÇ æóÇáËøóäóÇÁõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ãóÑúíóãó ÈöäúÊö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ íóßõæäóÇäö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÌóäøóÉö. ÝóáóãøóÇ ÝóÊóÍóÊö ÇáúÈóÇÈó æóßóÔóÝóÊö ÇáúÍöÌóÇÈó¡ ÑóÃóÊú æóÌúåóåõ íóÊóáóÃúáóÃõ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö æóÇáúÌóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõæÓóæöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊúåõ æóæóÞóÚó äóÙóÑõåóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÈøóÊúåõ ÍõÈøðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó(2/37)
ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ åóÐóÇ¿ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÐóÈúÍöåö¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóæúåóÈóÊúåõ ãöäúåõ æóÏóÝóÚóÊú Úóäúåõ¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: {ÞõÑøóÉõ Úóíúäò áöí æóáóßó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 9] ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ: ÃóãøóÇ áóßö ÝóäóÚóãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ áöí ÝóáóÇ. Ãóíú ; áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó áöí Èöåö. æóÇáúÈóáóÇÁõ ãõæóßøóáñ ÈöÇáúãóäúØöÞö. æóÞóæúáõåóÇ: {ÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóäúÝóÚóäóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 9] æóÞóÏú ÃóäóÇáóåóÇ Çááøóåõ ãóÇ ÑóÌóÊú ãöäó ÇáäøóÝúÚö ; ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÝóåóÏóÇåóÇ Çááøóåõ Èöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÝóÃóÓúßóäóåóÇ ÌóäøóÊóåõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåö {Ãóæú äóÊøóÎöÐóåõ æóáóÏðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 9] æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÊóÈóäøóíóÇåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú íõæáóÏõ áóåõãóÇ æóáóÏñ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 9] Ãóíú ; áóÇ íóÏúÑõæäó ãóÇÐóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú¡ Ãóäøó ÞóíøóÖóåõãú áöÇáúÊöÞóÇØöåö¡ ãöäó ÇáäøöÞúãóÉö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö ÈöÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÌõäõæÏöåö. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÇáúÊóÞóØóÊú ãõæÓóì æóÑóÈøóÊúåõ ÇÈúäóÉõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóáóíúÓó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö ÐößúÑñ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÛóáóØöåöãú Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÃóÕúÈóÍó ÝõÄóÇÏõ Ãõãøö ãõæÓóì ÝóÇÑöÛðÇ Åöäú ßóÇÏóÊú áóÊõÈúÏöí Èöåö áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÈóØúäóÇ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈöåóÇ áöÊóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóÞóÇáóÊú áöÃõÎúÊöåö ÞõÕøöíåö ÝóÈóÕõÑóÊú Èöåö Úóäú ÌõäõÈò æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó - æóÍóÑøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÑóÇÖöÚó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßõãú Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊò íóßúÝõáõæäóåõ áóßõãú æóåõãú áóåõ äóÇÕöÍõæäó - ÝóÑóÏóÏúäóÇåõ Åöáóì Ãõãøöåö ßóíú ÊóÞóÑøó ÚóíúäõåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäó æóáöÊóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó æóÚúÏó Çááøóåö ÍóÞøñ æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 10 - 13]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 10 - 13] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú: {æóÃóÕúÈóÍó ÝõÄóÇÏõ Ãõãøö ãõæÓóì ÝóÇÑöÛðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 10] Ãóíú ; ãóäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú(2/38)
ÃóãúÑö ãõæÓóì {Åöäú ßóÇÏóÊú áóÊõÈúÏöí Èöåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 10] Ãóíú ; áóÊõÙúåöÑõ ÃóãúÑóåõ æóÊóÓúÃóáõ Úóäúåõ ÌóåúÑóÉð. {áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÑóÈóØúäóÇ Úóáóì ÞóáúÈöåóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 10] Ãóíú ; ÕóÈøóÑúäóÇåóÇ æóËóÈøóÊúäóÇåóÇ {áöÊóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÞóÇáóÊú áöÃõÎúÊöåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 10] æóåöíó ÇÈúäóÊõåóÇ ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉõ: {ÞõÕøöíåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 11] Ãóíö; ÇÊøóÈöÚöí ÃóËóÑóåõ æóÇØúáõÈöí áöí ÎóÈóÑóåõ {ÝóÈóÕõÑóÊú Èöåö Úóäú ÌõäõÈò} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 11] ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: Úóäú ÈõÚúÏò. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÌóÚóáóÊú ÊóäúÙõÑõ Åöáóíúåö æóßóÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõåõ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 9] æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ áóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÈöÏóÇÑö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Ãóäú íõÛóÐøõæåõ ÈöÑóÖóÇÚóÉò¡ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÈóáú ËóÏúíðÇ æóáóÇ ÃóÎóÐó ØóÚóÇãðÇ¡ ÝóÍóÇÑõæÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö æóÇÌúÊóåóÏõæÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Ãóíú Úóáóì ÊóÛúÐöíóÊöåö Èößõáøö ãõãúßöäò Ýóáóãú íóÝúÚóáú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÍóÑøóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÑóÇÖöÚó ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 12] ÝóÃóÑúÓóáõæåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÞóæóÇÈöáö æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáÓøõæÞö ; áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÌöÏõæäó ãóäú íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÑóÖóÇÚóÊóåõ¡ ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ åõãú æõÞõæÝñ Èöåö æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚõßõæÝñ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÅöÐú ÈóÕõÑóÊú Èöåö ÃõÎúÊõåõ¡ Ýóáóãú ÊõÙúåöÑú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ Èóáú ÞóÇáóÊú: {åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßõãú Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊò íóßúÝõáõæäóåõ áóßõãú æóåõãú áóåõ äóÇÕöÍõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 12] ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú Ðóáößó¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåóÇ: ãóÇ íõÏúÑöíßö ÈöäõÕúÍöåöãú æóÔóÝóÞóÊöåöãú Úáóíúåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ÑóÛúÈóÉð Ýöí ÕöåúÑö Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÑóÌóÇÁó ãóäúÝóÚóÊöåö. ÝóÃóØúáóÞõæåóÇ æóÐóåóÈõæÇ ãóÚóåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåöãú¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõ Ãõãøõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑúÖóÚóÊúåõ ÇáúÊóÞóãó ËóÏúíóåóÇ æóÃóÎóÐó íóãúÊóÕøõåõ æóíóÑúÊóÖöÚõåõ¡ ÝóÝóÑöÍõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÝóÑóÍðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÈóÔöíÑõ Åöáóì ÂÓöíóÉó íõÚúáöãõåóÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇÓúÊóÏúÚóÊúåóÇ Åöáóì ãóäúÒöáöåóÇ¡ æóÚóÑóÖóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÊõÍúÓöäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÈóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøó áöí ÈóÚúáðÇ æóÃóæúáóÇÏðÇ¡ æóáóÓúÊõ(2/39)
ÃóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÑúÓöáöíåö ãóÚöí. ÝóÃóÑúÓóáóÊúåõ ãóÚóåóÇ¡ æóÑóÊøóÈóÊú áóåóÇ ÑóæóÇÊöÈó¡ æóÃóÌúÑóÊú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊö æóÇáúßõÓóÇæì æóÇáúåöÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚóÊú Èöåö ÊóÍõæÒõåõ Åöáóì ÑóÍúáöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóãóÚó Çááøóåõ Ôóãóáóåõ ÈöÔóãúáöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {ÝóÑóÏóÏúäóÇåõ Åöáóì Ãõãøöåö ßóíú ÊóÞóÑøó ÚóíúäõåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäó æóáöÊóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó æóÚúÏó Çááøóåö ÍóÞøñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 13] Ãóíú ; ßóãóÇ æóÚóÏúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÑóÏøöåö æóÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÑóÏøõåõ¡ æóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÈöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö {æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 13] .
æóÞóÏö ÇãúÊóäøó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ Úóáóì ãõæÓóì áóíúáóÉó ßóáøóãóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåõ: {æóáóÞóÏú ãóäóäøóÇ Úóáóíúßó ãóÑøóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì - ÅöÐú ÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì Ãõãøößó ãóÇ íõæÍóì - Ãóäö ÇÞúÐöÝöíåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈõæÊö ÝóÇÞúÐöÝöíåö Ýöí Çáúíóãøö ÝóáúíõáúÞöåö Çáúíóãøõ ÈöÇáÓøóÇÍöáö íóÃúÎõÐúåõ ÚóÏõæøñ áöí æóÚóÏõæøñ áóåõ æóÃóáúÞóíúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ãóÍóÈøóÉð ãöäøöí} [Øå: 37 - 39]
[Øå 37 - 39] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÍóÈøóåõ {æóáöÊõÕúäóÚó Úóáóì Úóíúäöí} [Øå: 39] ÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö: Ãóíú ÊõØúÚóãó æóÊõÑóÝøóåó æóÊõÛóÐøóì ÈöÃóØúíóÈö ÇáúãóÂßöáö¡ æóÊóáúÈóÓó ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáúãóáóÇÈöÓö ; ÈöãóÑúÃðì ãöäøöí¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ÈöÍöÝúÙöí æóßóáóÇÁóÊöí áóßó ÝöíãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊõ Èößó æóáóßó¡ æóÞóÏøóÑúÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÛóíúÑöí {ÅöÐú ÊóãúÔöí ÃõÎúÊõßó ÝóÊóÞõæáõ åóáú ÃóÏõáøõßõãú Úóáóì ãóäú íóßúÝõáõåõ ÝóÑóÌóÚúäóÇßó Åöáóì Ãõãøößó ßóíú ÊóÞóÑøó ÚóíúäõåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÍúÒóäó æóÞóÊóáúÊó äóÝúÓðÇ ÝóäóÌøóíúäóÇßó ãöäó ÇáúÛóãøö æóÝóÊóäøóÇßó ÝõÊõæäðÇ} [Øå: 40] . æóÓóäõæÑöÏõ ÍóÏöíËó ÇáúÝöÊõæäö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÈöåö ÇáËøöÞóÉõ æóÚóáóíúåö ÇáÊøõßúáóÇäõ.(2/40)
{æóáóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ æóÇÓúÊóæóì ÂÊóíúäóÇåõ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ æóßóÐóáößó äóÌúÒöí ÇáúãõÍúÓöäöíäó - æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó Úóáóì Íöíäö ÛóÝúáóÉò ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ ÝóæóÌóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóÌõáóíúäö íóÞúÊóÊöáóÇäö åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåö æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏõæøöåö ÝóÇÓúÊóÛóÇËóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÚóÏõæøöåö ÝóæóßóÒóåõ ãõæÓóì ÝóÞóÖóì Úóáóíúåö ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö Åöäøóåõ ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÖöáøñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíøó Ýóáóäú Ãóßõæäó ÙóåöíÑðÇ áöáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 14 - 17]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 14 - 17] . áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúÚóãó Úóáóì Ãõãøöåö ÈöÑóÏøöåö ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÇãúÊöäóÇäöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÔóÑóÚó Ýöí ÐößúÑö Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÃóÔõÏøóåõ æóÇÓúÊóæóì ; æóåõæó ÇÍúÊößóÇãõ ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÇáúÎõáõÞö¡ æóåõæó Óöäøõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó¡ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ ÂÊóÇåõ Çááøóåõ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÚöáúãðÇ ; æóåõæó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÈóÔøóÑó ÈöåóÇ Ãõãøóåõ¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: {ÅöäøóÇ ÑóÇÏøõæåõ Åöáóíúßö æóÌóÇÚöáõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 7] Ëõãøó ÔóÑóÚó Ýöí ÐößúÑö ÓóÈóÈö ÎõÑõæÌöåö ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó¡ æóÐóåóÇÈöåö Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ãóÏúíóäó æóÅöÞóÇãóÊöåö åõäóÇáößó¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóãóáó ÇáúÃóÌóáõ¡ æóÇäúÞóÖóì ÇáúÃóãóÏõ¡ æóßóÇäó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö áóåõ¡ æóÅößúÑóÇãöåö ÈöãóÇ ÃóßúÑóãóåõ Èöåö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí.
ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÏóÎóáó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó Úóáóì Íöíäö ÛóÝúáóÉò ãöäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: æóÐóáößó äöÕúÝó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö. æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÆóíúäö {ÝóæóÌóÏó ÝöíåóÇ ÑóÌõáóíúäö íóÞúÊóÊöáóÇäö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] Ãóíú ; íóÊóÖóÇÑóÈóÇäö æóíóÊóåóÇæóÔóÇäö {åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] Ãóíú ; ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøñ {æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏõæøöåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] Ãóíú ; ÞöÈúØöíøñ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó(2/41)
{ÝóÇÓúÊóÛóÇËóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÔöíÚóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÚóÏõæøöåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÈöÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó ÕóæúáóÉñ ; ÈöÓóÈóÈö äöÓúÈóÊöåö Åöáóì ÊóÈóäøöí ÝöÑúÚóæúäó áóåõ æóÊóÑúÈöíóÊöåö Ýöí ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Èóäõæ ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÞóÏú ÚóÒøõæóÇ æóÕóÇÑóÊú áóåõãú æóÌóÇåóÉñ¡ æóÇÑúÊóÝóÚóÊú ÑõÁõæÓõåõãú ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ãóäøóåõãú ÃóÑúÖóÚõæåõ¡ æóåõãú ÃóÎúæóÇáõåõ¡ Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáÑøóÖóÇÚóÉö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÛóÇËó Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøõ ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøö¡ ÃóÞúÈóáó Åöáóíúåö ãõæÓóì ÝóæóßóÒóåõ ÞóÇáó ãõÌóÇåöÏñ: Ãóíú ØóÚúäóåõ ÈöÌõãúÚö ßóÝøöåö. æóÞóÇáó ÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ: ÈöÚóÕðÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚóåõ {ÝóÞóÖóì Úóáóíúåö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15] Ãóíú ; ÝóãóÇÊó ãöäúåóÇ. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøõ ßóÇÝöÑðÇ ãõÔúÑößðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ æóáóãú íõÑöÏú ãõæÓóì ÞóÊúáóåõ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÒóÌúÑóåõ æóÑóÏúÚóåõ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì {åóÐóÇ ãöäú Úóãóáö ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäö Åöäøóåõ ÚóÏõæøñ ãõÖöáøñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÙóáóãúÊõ äóÝúÓöí ÝóÇÛúÝöÑú áöí ÝóÛóÝóÑó áóåõ Åöäøóåõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÝõæÑõ ÇáÑøóÍöíãõ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãúÊó Úóáóíøó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 15 - 17] Ãóíú¡ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÒøö æóÇáúÌóÇåö {Ýóáóäú Ãóßõæäó ÙóåöíÑðÇ áöáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 17] .
{ÝóÃóÕúÈóÍó Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ íóÊóÑóÞøóÈõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóäúÕóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö íóÓúÊóÕúÑöÎõåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ãõæÓóì Åöäøóßó áóÛóæöíøñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÝóáóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÈúØöÔó ÈöÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÚóÏõæøñ áóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊõáóäöí ßóãóÇ ÞóÊóáúÊó äóÝúÓðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö Åöäú ÊõÑöíÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÌóÈøóÇÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÕúáöÍöíäó - æóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÓúÚóì ÞóÇáó íóÇ ãõæÓóì Åöäøó ÇáúãóáóÃó íóÃúÊóãöÑõæäó Èößó áöíóÞúÊõáõæßó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú Åöäøöí áóßó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó - ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ íóÊóÑóÞøóÈõ ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö äóÌøöäöí ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 18 - 21]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö 18 - 21] . íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì(2/42)
Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì ÃóÕúÈóÍó ÈöãóÏöíäóÉö ãöÕúÑó ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ Ãóíú ãöäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö¡ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãõæÇ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÊöíáó ÇáøóÐöí ÑõÝöÚó Åöáóíúåö ÃóãúÑõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÊóáóåõ ãõæÓóì Ýöí äõÕúÑóÉö ÑóÌõáò ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóÊóÞúæóì Ùõäõæäõåõãú Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì ãöäúåõãú æóíóÊóÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóãúÑñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó íóÓöíÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ýöí ÕóÈöíÍóÉö Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãö ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ íóÊóÑóÞøóÈõ Ãóíú ; íóÊóáóÝøóÊõ. ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ åõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÅöÐóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóäúÕóÑóåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö íóÓúÊóÕúÑöÎõåõ Ãóíú ; íóÕúÑõÎõ Èöåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÛöíËõåõ Úóáóì ÂÎóÑó ÞóÏú ÞóÇÊóáóåõ¡ ÝóÚóäøóÝóåõ ãõæÓóì æóáóÇãóåõ Úóáóì ßóËúÑóÉö ÔóÑøöåö¡ æóãõÎóÇÕóãóÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ Åöäøóßó áóÛóæöíøñ ãõÈöíäñ Ëõãøó ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÈúØöÔó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøö¡ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÚóÏõæøñ áöãõæÓóì æóáöáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøö¡ ÝóíóÑúÏóÚõåõ Úóäúåõ æóíõÎóáøöÕõåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÒóãó Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÃóÞúÈóáó Úóáóì ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøö {ÞóÇáó íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊõáóäöí ßóãóÇ ÞóÊóáúÊó äóÝúÓðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö Åöäú ÊõÑöíÏõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÌóÈøóÇÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÊõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÕúáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 19] . ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóäóÚó ãõæÓóì ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡ æóßóÃóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì ãõæÓóì ãõÞúÈöáðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøö¡ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÁó Åöáóíúåö áóãøóÇ ÚóäøóÝóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö {Åöäøóßó áóÛóæöíøñ ãõÈöíäñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 18] ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó áöãõæÓóì¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó æóÞóÚó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÚúÏóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Úóáóì ãõæÓóì. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÓöæóÇåõ. æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó ÞóÇÆöáó åóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÑóÂåõ ãõÞúÈöáðÇ Åöáóíúåö ÎóÇÝóåõ ; æóÑóÃóì ãöäú ÓóÌöíøóÊöåö ÇäúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ ÌóíøöÏðÇ áöáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøóäøö æóÇáúÝöÑóÇÓóÉö¡ Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóÚóáøóåõ ÞóÇÊöáõ ÐóÇßó ÇáúÞóÊöíáö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡ Ãóæú áóÚóáøóåõ Ýóåöãó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáöíøö¡ Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÕúÑóÎóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ãóÇ Ïóáøóåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈóáóÛóåõ Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì åõæó ÞóÇÊöáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÞúÊõæáö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó(2/43)
Ýöí ØóáóÈöåö¡ æóÓóÈóÞóåõãú ÑóÌõáñ äóÇÕöÍñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóíúåö¡ {æóÌóÇÁó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö íóÓúÚóì} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 20] ÓóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóíúåö ãõÔúÝöÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáó: {íóÇãõæÓóì Åöäøó ÇáúãóáóÃó íóÃúÊóãöÑõæäó Èößó áöíóÞúÊõáõæßó ÝóÇÎúÑõÌú} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 20] Ãóíú ; ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÈóáúÏóÉö Åöäøöí áóßó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÕöÍöíäó Ãóíú ; ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõåõ áóßó. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäúåóÇ ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ íóÊóÑóÞøóÈõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 21] Ãóíú ; ÝóÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ãóÏöíäóÉö ãöÕúÑó ãöäú ÝóæúÑöåö¡ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö¡ áóÇ íóåúÊóÏöí Åöáóì ØóÑöíÞò æóáóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {ÑóÈøö äóÌøöäöí ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 21] .
{æóáóãøóÇ ÊóæóÌøóåó ÊöáúÞóÇÁó ãóÏúíóäó ÞóÇáó ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøöí Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóäöí ÓóæóÇÁó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö - æóáóãøóÇ æóÑóÏó ãóÇÁó ãóÏúíóäó æóÌóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÃõãøóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÓúÞõæäó æóæóÌóÏó ãöäú Ïõæäöåöãõ ÇãúÑóÃóÊóíúäö ÊóÐõæÏóÇäö ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÎóØúÈõßõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊóÇ áóÇ äóÓúÞöí ÍóÊøóì íõÕúÏöÑó ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁõ æóÃóÈõæäóÇ ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ - ÝóÓóÞóì áóåõãóÇ Ëõãøó Êóæóáøóì Åöáóì ÇáÙøöáøö ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí áöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúÊó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÎóíúÑò ÝóÞöíÑñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 22 - 24]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 22 - 24] . íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÎõÑõæÌö ÚóÈúÏöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóßóáöíãöåö ãöäú ãöÕúÑó ÎóÇÆöÝðÇ íóÊóÑóÞøóÈõ Ãóíú ; íóÊóáóÝøóÊõ ÎóÔúíóÉó Ãóäú íõÏúÑößóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú Þóæúãö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÏúÑöí Ãóíúäó íóÊóæóÌøóåõ¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóì Ãóíúäó íóÐúåóÈõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÎúÑõÌú ãöäú ãöÕúÑó ÞóÈúáóåóÇ æóáóãøóÇ ÊóæóÌøóåó ÊöáúÞóÇÁó ãóÏúíóäó Ãóíú ; ÇÊøóÌóåó áóåõ ØóÑöíÞñ íóÐúåóÈõ Ýöíåö {ÞóÇáó ÚóÓóì ÑóÈøöí Ãóäú íóåúÏöíóäöí ÓóæóÇÁó ÇáÓøóÈöíáö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 22] Ãóíú ; ÚóÓóì Ãóäú Êóßõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ãõæóÕøöáóÉð Åöáóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö. æóßóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó¡ ÃóæúÕóáóÊúåõ Åöáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏò¡ æóÃóíøõ ãóÞúÕõæÏò {æóáóãøóÇ æóÑóÏó ãóÇÁó ãóÏúíóäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 23] æóßóÇäóÊú ÈöÆúÑðÇ íóÓúÊóÞõæäó ãöäúåóÇ. æóãóÏúíóäõ åöíó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí Ãóåúáóßó Çááøóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÇáúÃóíúßóÉö¡ æóåõãú Þóæúãõ ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÞóÏú(2/44)
ßóÇäó åóáóÇßõåõãú ÞóÈúáó Òóãóäö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö. æóáóãøóÇ æóÑóÏó ÇáúãóÇÁó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑó {æóÌóÏó Úóáóíúåö ÃõãøóÉð ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö íóÓúÞõæäó æóæóÌóÏó ãöäú Ïõæäöåöãõ ÇãúÑóÃÊóíúäö ÊóÐõæÏóÇäö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 23] Ãóíú ; ÊõßóÝúßöÝóÇäö ÛóäóãóåõãóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÎúÊóáöØó ÈöÛóäóãö ÇáäøóÇÓö. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Ãóäøóåõäøó ßõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÈóäóÇÊò. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÛóáóØö. æóáóÚóáøóåõ ßóÇäó áóåõ ÓóÈúÚñ¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóÓúÞöí ÇËúäóÊóÇäö ãöäúåõäøó. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ãõãúßöäñ Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Óöæóì ÈöäúÊóíúäö.
{ÞóÇáó ãóÇ ÎóØúÈõßõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÊóÇ áóÇ äóÓúÞöí ÍóÊøóì íõÕúÏöÑó ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁõ æóÃóÈõæäóÇ ÔóíúÎñ ßóÈöíÑñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 23] Ãóíú ; áóÇ äóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì æöÑúÏö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÕõÏõæÑö ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁö ; áöÖóÚúÝöäóÇ¡ æóÓóÈóÈõ ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÊöäóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉó ÖóÚúÝõ ÃóÈöíäóÇ æóßöÈóÑõåõ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÝóÓóÞóì áóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöÚóÇÁó ßóÇäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÛõæÇ ãöäú æöÑúÏöåöãú¡ æóÖóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ýóãö ÇáúÈöÆúÑö ÕóÎúÑóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð¡ ÝóÊóÌöíÁõ åóÇÊóÇäö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóÇäö ÝóíóÔúÑóÚóÇäö ÛóäóãóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÝóÖúáö ÃóÛúäóÇãö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Çáúíóæúãõ ÌóÇÁó ãõæÓóì ÝóÑóÝúÚó Êöáúßó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ Ëõãøó ÇÓúÊóÞóì áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÓóÞóì ÛóäóãóåõãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÏøó ÇáÕøóÎúÑóÉó ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú. ÞóÇáó ÃóãöíÑõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚõãúÑõ: æóßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉñ. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóì ÐóäõæÈðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóßóÝóÇåõãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó Êóæóáøóì Åöáóì ÇáÙøöáøö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóßóÇäó Ùöáøó ÔóÌóÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáÓøóãõÑö. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò¡(2/45)
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÂåóÇ ÎóÖúÑóÇÁó ÊóÑöÝøõ. {ÝóÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí áöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúÊó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÎóíúÑò ÝóÞöíÑñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 24] . ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÓóÇÑó ãöäú ãöÕúÑó Åöáóì ãóÏúíóäó¡ áóãú íóÃúßõáú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÈóÞúáó æóæóÑóÞó ÇáÔøóÌóÑö¡ æóßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöíðÇ ÝóÓóÞóØóÊú äóÚúáóÇ ÞóÏóãóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÝóÇÁö æóÌóáóÓó Ýöí ÇáÙøöáøö¡ æóåõæó ÕóÝúæóÉõ Çááøóåö ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóÅöäøó ÈóØúäóåõ áóÇÕöÞñ ÈöÙóåúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÌõæÚö¡ æóÅöäøó ÎõÖúÑóÉó ÇáúÈóÞúáö áóÊõÑóì ãöäú ÏóÇÎöáö ÌóæúÝöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãõÍúÊóÇÌñ Åöáóì ÔöÞøö ÊóãúÑóÉò. ÞóÇáó ÚóØóÇÁõ Èúäõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöÈö: áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí áöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúÊó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÎóíúÑò ÝóÞöíÑñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 24] ÃóÓúãóÚó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó.
{ÝóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÊóãúÔöí Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍúíóÇÁò ÞóÇáóÊú Åöäøó ÃóÈöí íóÏúÚõæßó áöíóÌúÒöíóßó ÃóÌúÑó ãóÇ ÓóÞóíúÊó áóäóÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ æóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÕóÕó ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú äóÌóæúÊó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó - ÞóÇáóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ íóÇ ÃóÈóÊó ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ Åöäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑúÊó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ - ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõäúßöÍóßó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇÈúäóÊóíøó åóÇÊóíúäö Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊóÃúÌõÑóäöí ËóãóÇäöíó ÍöÌóÌò ÝóÅöäú ÃóÊúãóãúÊó ÚóÔúÑðÇ Ýóãöäú ÚöäúÏößó æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóíúßó ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó - ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßó ÃóíøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóíúÊõ ÝóáóÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäó Úóáóíøó æóÇááøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞõæáõ æóßöíáñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 25 - 28]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 25 - 28] . áóãøóÇ ÌóáóÓó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýöí ÇáÙøöáøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: {ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí áöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúÊó Åöáóíøó ãöäú ÎóíúÑò ÝóÞöíÑñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 24] ÓóãöÚóÊúåõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóÇäö¡ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó¡ ÝóÐóåóÈóÊóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÈöíåöãóÇ¡ ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóäúßóÑó ÓõÑúÚóÉó ÑõÌõæÚöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóÊóÇåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑó ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÐúåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÝóÊóÏúÚõæåõ {ÝóÌóÇÁóÊúåõ ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÊóãúÔöí Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍúíóÇÁò} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 25](2/46)
Ãóíú ; ãóÔúíó ÇáúÍóÑóÇÆöÑö. ÞóÇáó ÚõãúÑõ¡ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÊóÓúÊõÑõ æóÌúåóåóÇ Èößõãøö ÏöÑúÚöåóÇ {Åöäøó ÃóÈöí íóÏúÚõæßó áöíóÌúÒöíóßó ÃóÌúÑó ãóÇ ÓóÞóíúÊó áóäóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 25] ÕóÑøóÍóÊú áóåõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ; áöÆóáøóÇ íõæåöãó ßóáóÇãõåóÇ ÑöíÈóÉð¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÊóãóÇãö ÍóíóÇÆöåóÇ æóÕöíóÇäóÊöåóÇ. {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ æóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÕóÕó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 25] Ãóíú ; æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÎóÈóÑóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóäú ÃóãúÑöåö ; Ýöí ÎõÑõæÌöåö ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó ÝöÑóÇÑðÇ ãóäú ÝöÑóÚóæúäöåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ: {áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú äóÌóæúÊó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúãö ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 25] Ãóíú ; ÎóÑóÌúÊó ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÓúÊó Ýöí ÏóæúáóÊöåöãú.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÎö ; ãóäú åõæó¿ ÝóÞöíáó: åõæó ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ. æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑõ ÚöäúÏó ßóËöíÑöíäó. æóãöãøóäú äóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ¡ æóãóÇáößõ Èúäõ ÃóäóÓò¡ æóÌóÇÁó ãõÕóÑøóÍðÇ Èöåö Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö äóÙóÑñ. æóÕóÑøóÍó ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÚóÇÔó ÚõãúÑðÇ ØóæöíáðÇ ÈóÚúÏó åóáóÇßö Þóæúãöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÏúÑóßóåõ ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÊóÒóæøóÌó ÈöÇÈúäóÊöåö. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ Ãóäøó ÕóÇÍöÈó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ åóÐóÇ ÇÓúãõåõ ÔõÚóíúÈñ¡ æóßóÇäó ÓóíøöÏó ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö ÕóÇÍöÈö ãóÏúíóäó. æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÎöí ÔõÚóíúÈò. æóÞöíáó: ÇÈúäõ Úóãøöåö. æóÞöíáó: ÑóÌõáñ ãõÄúãöäñ ãöäú Þóæúãö ÔõÚóíúÈò. æóÞöíáó: ÑóÌõáñ(2/47)
ÇÓúãõåõ íóËúÑõæäõ. åóßóÐóÇ åõæó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö: íóËúÑõæäõ ßóÇåöäõ ãóÏúíóäó. Ãóíú ; ßóÈöíÑõåóÇ æóÚóÇáöãõåóÇ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö: ÇÓúãõåõ íóËúÑõæäõ. ÒóÇÏó ÃóÈõæ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó: æóåõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÎöí ÔõÚóíúÈò. ÒóÇÏó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÕóÇÍöÈõ ãóÏúíóäó.
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóÖóÇÝóåõ æóÃóßúÑóãó ãóËúæóÇåõ¡ æóÞóÕøó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö¡ ÈóÔøóÑóåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú äóÌóÇ¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÞóÇáóÊú ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúÈöäúÊóíúäö áöÃóÈöíåóÇ {íóÇ ÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 26] Ãóíú; áöÑóÚúíö Ûóäóãößó. Ëõãøó ãóÏóÍóÊúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ Þóæöíøñ Ãóãöíäñ. ÞóÇáó ÚõãúÑõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ æóÔõÑóíúÍñ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æóÃóÈõæ ãóÇáößò¡ æóÞóÊóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó¡ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò: áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú Ðóáößó ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ ÃóÈõæåóÇ: æóãóÇ Úöáúãõßö ÈöåóÐóÇ¿ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøóåõ ÑóÝóÚó ÕóÎúÑóÉð áóÇ íõØöíÞõ ÑóÝúÚóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉñ¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÌöÆúÊõ ãóÚóåõ ÊóÞóÏøóãúÊõ ÃóãóÇãóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ßõæäöí ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöí¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÝóÇÍúÐöÝöí áöí ÈöÍóÕóÇÉò ÃóÚúáóãú ÈöåóÇ ßóíúÝó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ. ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò: ÃóÝóÑóÓõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ËóáóÇËóÉñ; ÕóÇÍöÈõ íõæÓõÝó Íöíäó ÞóÇáó áöÇãúÑóÃóÊöåö: ÃóßúÑöãöí ãóËúæóÇåõ æóÕóÇÍöÈóÉõ ãõæÓóì Íöíäó ÞóÇáóÊú: {íóÇÃóÈóÊö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌöÑúåõ Åöäøó ÎóíúÑó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÃúÌóÑúÊó ÇáúÞóæöíøõ ÇáúÃóãöíäõ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 26] æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Íöíäó ÇÓúÊóÎúáóÝó ÚõãóÑó Èúäó ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö
{ÞóÇáó Åöäøöí ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃõäúßöÍóßó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇÈúäóÊóíøó åóÇÊóíúäö Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊóÃúÌõÑóäöí ËóãóÇäöíó ÍöÌóÌò ÝóÅöäú ÃóÊúãóãúÊó ÚóÔúÑðÇ Ýóãöäú ÚöäúÏößó æóãóÇ ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóíúßó ÓóÊóÌöÏõäöí Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 27] ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöåóÐóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÇÚóåõ ÃóÍóÏó åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏóíúäö Ãóæö ÇáËøóæúÈóíúäö¡ æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ; áöÞóæúáöåö: ÅöÍúÏóì ÇÈúäóÊóíøó åóÇÊóíúäö æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ; áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ãõÑóÇæóÖóÉñ áóÇ ãõÚóÇÞóÏóÉñ.(2/48)
æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÑö ÈöÇáØøõÚúãóÉö æóÇáúßõÓúæóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ¡ æóÇÓúÊóÃúäóÓõæÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáøóÐöí ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú Ýöí " Óõäóäöåö " ãõÊóÑúÌóãðÇ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÈóÇÈõ ÇÓúÊöÆúÌóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÌöíÑö Úóáóì ØóÚóÇãö ÈóØúäöåö ": ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõÕóÝøóìÇáúÍöãúÕöíøõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÈóÞöíøóÉõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ Úóäú ãóÓúáóãóÉó Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäó ÇáäøõÏøóÑö íóÞõæáõ: ßõäøóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÑóÃó " {ØÓã} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 1] " ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÞöÕøóÉó ãõæÓóì ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÂÌóÑó äóÝúÓóåõ ËóãóÇäöíó Óöäöíäó¡ Ãóæú ÚóÔúÑðÇ¡ Úóáóì ÚöÝøóÉö ÝóÑúÌöåö æóØóÚóÇãö ÈóØúäöåö» . æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ; áöÃóäøó ãóÓúáóãóÉó Èúäó Úóáöíøò ÇáúÎõÔóäöíøó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøó ÇáúÈóáóÇØöíøó ÖóÚöíÝñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöÊóÝóÑøõÏöåö¡ æóáóßöäú ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó ãöäú æóÌúåò ÂÎóÑó; ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ íóÍúíóì Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÈõßóíúÑò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ (Í) . æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÕóÝúæóÇäõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò ÇááøóÎúãöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäó ÇáäøõÏøóÑö ÇáÓøõáóãöíøó¡ ÕóÇÍöÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÍóÏøöËõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: «Åöäøó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÂÌóÑó äóÝúÓóåõ áöÚöÝøóÉö ÝóÑúÌöåö æóØõÚúãóÉö ÈóØúäöåö» .(2/49)
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ðóáößó Èóíúäöí æóÈóíúäóßó ÃóíøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóíúÊõ ÝóáóÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäó Úóáóíøó æóÇááøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ äóÞõæáõ æóßöíáñ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 28] . íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÞóÇáó áöÕöåúÑöåö: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞõáúÊó¡ ÝóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ÞóÖóíúÊõ ÝóáóÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäó Úóáóíøó¡ æóÇááøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÞóÇáóÊöäóÇ ÓóÇãöÚñ æóÔóÇåöÏñ¡ æóæóßöíáñ Úóáöíøó æóÚóáóíúßó. æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÖö ãõæÓóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóßúãóáó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö æóÃóÊóãøóåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÔúÑõ Óöäöíäó ßóæóÇãöáó ÊóÇãøóÉð.
ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãóÑúæóÇäõ Èúäõ ÔõÌóÇÚò¡ Úóäú ÓóÇáöãò ÇáúÃóÝúØóÓö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÓóÃóáóäöí íóåõæÏöíøñ ãóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍöíÑóÉö: Ãóíøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì¿ ÝóÞõáúÊõ: áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóÞúÏöãó Úóáóì ÍóÈúÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÝóÃóÓúÃóáóåõ. ÝóÞóÏöãúÊõ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇÈúäó ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÞóÖóì ÃóßúËóÑóåõãóÇ æóÃóØúíóÈóåõãóÇ¡ Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÝóÚóáó. ÊóÝóÑøóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÝõÊõæäö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÃóíøõæÈó¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáØøõæÓöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÃóÈöí íóÚúÞõæÈó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: «ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÌöÈúÑöíáó: Ãóíøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÊóãøóåõãóÇ æóÃóßúãóáóåõãóÇ» æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÑõæÝò ÅöáøóÇ(2/50)
ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøö¡ Úóäú ÓõÝúíóÇäó Èúäö ÚõíóíúäóÉó¡ Úóäú ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó Èúäö ÃóÚúíóäó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÃóÈóÇäò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÝóÐóßóÑóåõ. æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÓõäóíúÏñ Úóäú ÍóÌøóÇÌò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÌõÑóíúÌò Úóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò ãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓóÃóáó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáó¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÅöÓúÑóÇÝöíáõ ÇáÑøóÈøó¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóÈóÑøóåõãóÇ æóÃóæúÝóÇåõãóÇ» æóÈöäóÍúæöåö ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö íõæÓõÝó Èúäö ÓóÑúÌò ãõÑúÓóáðÇ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ßóÚúÈò¡ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóæúÝóÇåõãóÇ æóÃóÊóãøóåõãóÇ» . æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò¡ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚõæóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúÌóæúäóíøö - æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ - Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÇáÕøóÇãöÊö¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÐóÑøò «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóæúÝóÇåõãóÇ æóÃóÈóÑøóåõãóÇ» . ÞóÇáó: «æóÅöäú ÓõÆöáó: Ãóíøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÊóíúäö ÊóÒóæøóÌó¿ ÝóÞõáö: ÇáÕøõÛúÑóì ãöäúåõãóÇ» æóÞóÏú ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ æóÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö áóåöíÚóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö íóÒöíÏó ÇáúÍóÖúÑóãöíøö¡ Úóäú Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÑóÈóÇÍò¡ Úóäú ÚõÊúÈóÉó Èúäö ÇáäøõÏøóÑö¡ «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÂÌóÑó äóÝúÓóåõ ÈöÚöÝøóÉö ÝóÑúÌöåö æóØóÚóÇãö(2/51)
ÈóØúäöåö. ÝóáóãøóÇ æóÝøóì ÇáúÃóÌóáó. Þöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö¡ Ãóíøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö¿ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÈóÑøóåõãóÇ æóÃóæúÝóÇåõãóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÝöÑóÇÞó ÔõÚóíúÈò¡ ÃóãóÑó ÇãúÑóÃóÊóåõ Ãóäú ÊóÓúÃóáó ÃóÈóÇåóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúØöíóåóÇ ãöäú Ûóäóãöåö ãóÇ íóÚöíÔõæäó Èöåö¡ ÝóÃóÚúØóÇåóÇ ãóÇ æóáóÏóÊú Ûóäóãõåõ ãöäú ÞóÇáöÈö áóæúäò ãöäú æóáóÏö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÇãö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Ûóäóãõåõ ÓõæÏðÇ ÍöÓóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Åöáóì ÚóÕðÇ ÞóÓóãóåóÇ ãöäú ØóÑóÝöåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó æóÖóÚóåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÏúäóì ÇáúÍóæúÖö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóæúÑóÏóåóÇ ÝóÓóÞóÇåóÇ¡ æóæóÞóÝó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ÇáúÍóæúÖö¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÕúÏõÑú ãöäúåóÇ ÔóÇÉñ ÅöáøóÇ ÖóÑóÈó ÌóäúÈóåóÇ ÔóÇÉð ÔóÇÉð ÞóÇáó: ÝóÃóÊúÃóãóÊú æóÃóËúáóËóÊú æóæóÖóÚóÊú ßõáøõåóÇ ÞóæóÇáöÈó ÃóáúæóÇäò¡ ÅöáøóÇ ÔóÇÉð Ãóæú ÔóÇÊóíúäö; áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÔõæÔñ¡ æóáóÇ ÖóÈõæÈñ¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÒõæÒñ¡ æóáóÇ ËóÚõæáñ¡ æóáóÇ ßóãúÔóÉñ ÊóÝõæÊõ ÇáúßóÝøó. ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: áóæö ÇÝúÊóÊóÍúÊõãõ ÇáÔøóÇãó æóÌóÏúÊõãú ÈóÞóÇíóÇ Êöáúßó ÇáúÛóäóãö¡ æóåöíó ÇáÓøóÇãöÑöíøóÉõ» ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ áóåöíÚóÉó: ÇáúÝóÔõæÔõ: æóÇÓöÚóÉõ ÇáÔøóÎúÈö. æóÇáÖøóÈõæÈõ: ØóæöíáóÉõ ÇáÖøóÑúÚö ÊóÌõÑøõåõ. æóÇáúÚóÒõæÒõ: ÖóíøöÞóÉõ ÇáÔøóÎúÈö. æóÇáËøóÚõæáõ: ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉõ ÇáÖøóÑúÚö ßóÇáúÍóáóãóÊóíúäö. æóÇáúßóãúÔóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÍúßóãõ ÇáúßóÝøõ Úóáóì ÖóÑúÚöåóÇ áöÕöÛóÑöåö. æóÝöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÑóÝúÚö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö äóÙóÑñ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõËóäøóì¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ãõÚóÇÐõ Èúäõ åöÔóÇãò¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈöí¡ Úóäú ÞóÊóÇÏóÉó¡ ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó: áóãøóÇ ÏóÚóÇ äóÈöíøõ Çááøóåö ãõæÓóì ÕóÇÍöÈóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÌóáö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ: ßõáøõ ÔóÇÉò æóáóÏóÊú Úóáóì áóæúäöåóÇ Ýóáóßó æóáóÏõåóÇ. ÝóÚóãóÏó ÝóæóÖóÚó ÎóíóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóÊö ÇáúÎóíóÇáó ÝóÒöÚóÊú¡ ÝóÌóÇáóÊú ÌóæúáóÉð¡ ÝóæóáóÏúäó ßõáøõåõäøó ÈõáúÞðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÔóÇÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡(2/52)
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÈöÃóæúáóÇÏöåöäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÇãó. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöÓúäóÇÏñ ÑöÌóÇáõåõ ËöÞóÇÊñ. æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ Úóäú äóÞúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Úóäú íóÚúÞõæÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Íöíäó ÝóÇÑóÞó ÎóÇáóåõ áóÇÈóÇäó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóØúáóÞó áóåõ ãóÇ íõæóáóÏõ ãöäú Ûóäóãöåö ÈõáúÞðÇ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó äóÍúæó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Úóäú ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
{ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÌóáó æóÓóÇÑó ÈöÃóåúáöåö ÂäóÓó ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈò ÇáØøõæÑö äóÇÑðÇ ÞóÇáó áöÃóåúáöåö ÇãúßõËõæÇ Åöäøöí ÂäóÓúÊõ äóÇÑðÇ áóÚóáøöí ÂÊöíßõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò Ãóæú ÌóÐúæóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÕúØóáõæäó - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ äõæÏöíó ãöäú ÔóÇØöÆö ÇáúæóÇÏöí ÇáúÃóíúãóäö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö Ãóäú íóÇ ãõæÓóì Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - æóÃóäú ÃóáúÞö ÚóÕóÇßó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåóÇ ÊóåúÊóÒøõ ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóÇäøñ æóáøóì ãõÏúÈöÑðÇ æóáóãú íõÚóÞøöÈú íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÃóÞúÈöáú æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÝú Åöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúÂãöäöíäó - ÇÓúáõßú íóÏóßó Ýöí ÌóíúÈößó ÊóÎúÑõÌú ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÁò æóÇÖúãõãú Åöáóíúßó ÌóäóÇÍóßó ãöäó ÇáÑøóåúÈö ÝóÐóÇäößó ÈõÑúåóÇäóÇäö ãöäú ÑóÈøößó Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29 - 32]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 29 - 32] . ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì ÞóÖóì ÃóÊóãøó ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö æóÃóßúãóáóåõãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íõÄúÎóÐõ åóÐóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÖóì ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÌóáó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29] æóÚóäú ãõÌóÇåöÏò¡ Ãóäøóåõ Ãóßúãóáó ÚóÔúÑðÇ¡ æóÚóÔúÑðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: æóÓóÇÑó ÈöÃóåúáöåö Ãóíú; ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÕöåúÑöåö ÐóÇåöÈðÇ¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÔúÊóÇÞó Åöáóì Ãóåúáöåö¡ ÝóÞóÕóÏó ÒöíóÇÑóÊóåõãú ÈöÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó¡ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ãõÎúÊóÝò¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÓóÇÑó ÈöÃóåúáöåö¡ æóãóÚóåõ æöáúÏóÇäñ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÛóäóãñ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÝóÇÏóåóÇ ãõÏøóÉó ãõÞóÇãöåö. ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Ðóáößó Ýöí áóíúáóÉò ãõÙúáöãóÉò ÈóÇÑöÏóÉò¡ æóÊóÇåõæÇ Ýöí ØóÑöíÞöåöãú¡ Ýóáóãú íóåúÊóÏõæÇ Åöáóì(2/53)
ÇáÓøõáõæßö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÑúÈö ÇáúãóÃúáõæÝö¡ æóÌóÚóáó íõæÑöí ÒöäóÇÏóåõ ÝóáóÇ íõæúÑöí ÔóíúÆðÇ¡ æóÇÔúÊóÏøó ÇáÙøóáóÇãõ æóÇáúÈóÑóÏõ¡ ÝóÈóíúäóãóÇ åõæó ßóÐóáößó ÅöÐú ÃóÈúÕóÑó Úóäú ÈõÚúÏò äóÇÑðÇ ÊóÃóÌøóÌõ Ýöí ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáØøõæÑö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóÈóáõ ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøõ ãöäúåõ Úóäú íóãöíäöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÃóåúáöåö: {ÇãúßõËõæÇ Åöäøöí ÂäóÓúÊõ äóÇÑðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29] æóßóÃóäøóåõ - æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ - ÑóÂåóÇ Ïõæäóåõãú; áöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáäøóÇÑó åöíó äõæÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ ÑõÄúíóÊõåóÇ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò {áóÚóáøöí ÂÊöíßõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29] Ãóíú; áóÚóáøöí ÃóÓúÊóÚúáöãõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö {Ãóæú ÌóÐúæóÉò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÕúØóáõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 29] ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÇåõæÇ Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö Ýöí áóíúáóÉò ÈóÇÑöÏóÉò æóãõÙúáöãóÉò; áöÞóæúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {æóåóáú ÃóÊóÇßó ÍóÏöíËõ ãõæÓóì - ÅöÐú ÑóÃóì äóÇÑðÇ ÝóÞóÇáó áöÃóåúáöåö ÇãúßõËõæÇ Åöäøöí ÂäóÓúÊõ äóÇÑðÇ áóÚóáøöí ÂÊöíßõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÞóÈóÓò Ãóæú ÃóÌöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö åõÏðì} [Øå: 9 - 10]
[Øå: 9¡ 10] . ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáÙøóáóÇãö¡ æóßóæúäöåöãú ÊóÇåõæÇ Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
æóÌóãóÚó Çáúßõáøó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Çáäøóãúáö " Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: ÅöÐú {ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöÃóåúáöåö Åöäøöí ÂäóÓúÊõ äóÇÑðÇ ÓóÂÊöíßõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò Ãóæú ÂÊöíßõãú ÈöÔöåóÇÈò ÞóÈóÓò áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÕúØóáõæäó} [Çáäãá: 7] . æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóÇåõãú ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò¡ æóÃóíøõ ÎóÈóÑò¿ æóæóÌóÏó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ åõÏðì¡ æóÃóíøõ åõÏðì¿ æóÇÞúÊóÈóÓó ãöäúåóÇ äõæÑðÇ¡ æóÃóíøõ äõæÑò¿ . ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ äõæÏöíó ãöäú ÔóÇØöÆö ÇáúæóÇÏöí ÇáúÃóíúãóäö Ýöí ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö Ãóäú íóÇ ãõæÓóì Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 30] æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí " Çáäøóãúáö ": {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåóÇ äõæÏöíó Ãóäú ÈõæÑößó ãóäú Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö æóãóäú ÍóæúáóåóÇ æóÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [Çáäãá: 8] .(2/54)
Ãóíú; ÓõÈúÍóÇäó Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÍúßõãõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ. {íóÇãõæÓóì Åöäøóåõ ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [Çáäãá: 9] . æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Øå ": {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåóÇ äõæÏöíó íóÇ ãõæÓóì - Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßó ÝóÇÎúáóÚú äóÚúáóíúßó Åöäøóßó ÈöÇáúæóÇÏöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓö Øõæðì - æóÃóäóÇ ÇÎúÊóÑúÊõßó ÝóÇÓúÊóãöÚú áöãóÇ íõæÍóì - Åöäøóäöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúäöí æóÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÐößúÑöí - Åöäøó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉó ÂÊöíóÉñ ÃóßóÇÏõ ÃõÎúÝöíåóÇ áöÊõÌúÒóì ßõáøõ äóÝúÓò ÈöãóÇ ÊóÓúÚóì - ÝóáóÇ íóÕõÏøóäøóßó ÚóäúåóÇ ãóäú áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÈöåóÇ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó åóæóÇåõ ÝóÊóÑúÏóì} [Øå: 11 - 16]
[Øå: 11 - 16] . ÞóÇáó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑöíäó¡ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö: áóãøóÇ ÞóÕóÏó ãõæÓóì Åöáóì Êöáúßó ÇáäøóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÑóÂåóÇ¡ ÝóÇäúÊóåóì ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÌóÏóåóÇ ÊóÃóÌøóÌõ Ýöí ÔóÌóÑóÉò ÎóÖúÑóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúÚóæúÓóÌö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ áöÊöáúßó ÇáäøóÇÑö Ýöí ÇÖúØöÑóÇãò¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ áöÎõÖúÑóÉö Êöáúßó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö Ýöí ÇÒúÏöíóÇÏò¡ ÝóæóÞóÝó ãõÊóÚóÌøöÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉõ Ýöí áöÍúÝö ÌóÈóáò ÛóÑúÈöíøò ãöäúåõ Úóäú íóãöíäöåö; ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóãóÇ ßõäúÊó ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÛóÑúÈöíøö ÅöÐú ÞóÖóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó æóãóÇ ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 44] . æóßóÇäó ãõæÓóì Ýöí æóÇÏò ÇÓúãõåõ Øõæðì¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõæÓóì ãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ æóÊöáúßó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉõ Úóäú íóãöíäöåö ãöäú äóÇÍöíóÉö ÇáúÛóÑúÈö¡ ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÏö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÓö Øõæðì¡ ÝóÃõãöÑó ÃóæøóáðÇ ÈöÎóáúÚö äóÚúáóíúåö; ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ æóÊóßúÑöíãðÇ æóÊóæúÞöíÑðÇ áöÊöáúßó ÇáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇááøóíúáóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÑóßóÉö. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ æóÖóÚó íóÏóåõ Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ãöäú ÔöÏøóÉö Ðóáößó ÇáäøõæÑö; ãóåóÇÈóÉð áóåõ æóÎóæúÝðÇ Úóáóì ÈóÕóÑöåö.(2/55)
Ëõãøó ÎóÇØóÈóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: {Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 30] Åöäøöí ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóÇÚúÈõÏúäöí æóÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÐößúÑöí Ãóíú; ÃóäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉõ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÅöáøóÇ áóåõ. Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÈöÏóÇÑö ÞóÑóÇÑò¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíóÉõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ßóæúäöåóÇ æóæõÌõæÏöåóÇ áöÊõÌúÒóì ßõáøõ äóÝúÓò ÈöãóÇ ÊóÓúÚóì Ãóíú; ãöäú ÎóíúÑò æóÔóÑøò. æóÍóÖøóåõ æóÍóËøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö áóåóÇ æóãõÌóÇäóÈóÉö ãóäú áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÈöåóÇ ãöãøóäú ÚóÕóì ãóæúáóÇåõ¡ æóÇÊøóÈóÚó åóæóÇåõ. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõ ãõÎóÇØöÈðÇ æóãõÄóÇäöÓðÇ¡ æóãõÈóíøöäðÇ áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÔóíúÁö ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ áöáÔøóíúÁö: ßõäú. Ýóíóßõæäõ: {æóãóÇ Êöáúßó Èöíóãöíäößó íóÇãõæÓóì} [Øå: 17] . Ãóíú; ÃóãøóÇ åóÐöåö ÚóÕóÇßó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ ãõäúÐõ ÕóÍöÈúÊóåóÇ¿ {ÞóÇáó åöíó ÚóÕóÇíó ÃóÊóæóßøóÃõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÃóåõÔøõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì Ûóäóãöí æóáöíó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÆÇÑöÈõ ÃõÎúÑóì} [Øå: 18] . Ãóíú; Èóáú åóÐöåö ÚóÕóÇíó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ æóÃóÊóÍóÞøóÞõåóÇ {ÞóÇáó ÃóáúÞöåóÇ íóÇãõæÓóì - ÝóÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÍóíøóÉñ ÊóÓúÚóì} [Øå: 19 - 20]
[Øå: 19¡ 20] . æóåóÐóÇ ÎóÇÑöÞñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ æóÈõÑúåóÇäñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöí íõßóáøöãõåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÞõæáõ áöáÔøóíúÁö: ßõäú Ýóíóßõæäõ. æóÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÝóÚøóÇáõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÃóáó ÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÚöäúÏó ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ãöÕúÑó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó: ãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí íóÏößó¿ ÞóÇáó: ÚóÕóÇíó. ÞóÇáó: ÃóáúÞöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÝóÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÍóíøóÉñ ÊóÓúÚóì ÝóåóÑóÈó ãõæÓóì ãöäú ÞõÏøóÇãöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóãóÑóåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ Ãóäú íóÈúÓõØó íóÏóåõ æóíóÃúÎõÐóåóÇ ÈöÐóäóÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóãúßóäó ãöäúåóÇ ÇÑúÊóÏøóÊú ÚóÕðÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö. æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {æóÃóäú ÃóáúÞö ÚóÕóÇßó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÂåóÇ ÊóåúÊóÒøõ ßóÃóäøóåóÇ ÌóÇäøñ æóáøóì ãõÏúÈöÑðÇ æóáóãú íõÚóÞøöÈú} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 31](2/56)
Ãóíú; ÕóÇÑóÊú ÍóíøóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð áóåóÇ ÖóÎóÇãóÉñ åóÇÆöáóÉñ¡ æóÃóäúíóÇÈñ ÊóÕúØóßøõ¡ æóåöíó ãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÓõÑúÚóÉö ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáúÌóÇäøö¡ æóåõæó ÖóÑúÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíøóÇÊö íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: ÇáúÌóÇäøõ æóÇáúÌóäóÇäõ. æóåõæó áóØöíÝñ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÓóÑöíÚõ ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈö æóÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ÝóåóÐöåö ÌóãóÚóÊö ÇáÖøóÎóÇãóÉó æóÇáÓøõÑúÚóÉó ÇáÔøóÏöíÏóÉó ÝóáóãøóÇ ÚóÇíóäóåóÇ ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóáøóì ãõÏóÈøöÑðÇ Ãóíú; åóÇÑöÈðÇ ãöäúåóÇ; áöÃóäøó ØóÈöíÚóÊóåõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøóÉó ÊóÞúÊóÖöí Ðóáößó æóáóãú íõÚóÞøöÈú Ãóíú; æóáóãú íóáúÊóÝöÊú ÝóäóÇÏóÇåõ ÑóÈøõåõ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: {íóÇãõæÓóì ÃóÞúÈöáú æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÝú Åöäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúÂãöäöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 31] ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÌóÚó ÃóãóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäú íõãúÓößóåóÇ ÞóÇáó {ÎõÐúåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÎóÝú ÓóäõÚöíÏõåóÇ ÓöíÑóÊóåóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì} [Øå: 21] ÝóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ åóÇÈóåóÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ¡ ÝóæóÖóÚó íóÏóåõ Ýöí ßõãøö ãöÏúÑóÚóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó æóÖóÚó íóÏóåõ Ýöí æóÓóØö ÝóãöåóÇ - æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö: ÈöÐóäóÈöåóÇ - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊóãúßóäó ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÞóÏú ÚóÇÏóÊú ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÕðÇ ÐóÇÊó ÔõÚúÈóÊóíúäö. ÝóÓõÈúÍóÇäõ ÇáúÞóÏöíÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÑóÈøö ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞóíúäö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈóíúäö. Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáö íóÏöåö Ýöí ÌóíúÈöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöäóÒúÚöåóÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÊóÊóáóÃúáóÃõ ßóÇáúÞóãóÑö ÈóíóÇÖðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÁò Ãóíú; ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóÑóÕò æóáóÇ ÈóåóÞò. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ÇÓúáõßú íóÏóßó Ýöí ÌóíúÈößó ÊóÎúÑõÌú ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÁò æóÇÖúãõãú Åöáóíúßó ÌóäóÇÍóßó ãöäó ÇáÑøóåúÈö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 32] Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎöÝúÊó ÝóÖóÚú íóÏóßó Úóáóì ÝõÄóÇÏößó íóÓúßõäú ÌóÃúÔõßó. æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÈöÈóÑóßóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö ÍóÞøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö íóäúÊóÝöÚõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó Ðóáößó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö. æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Çáäøóãúáö ": {æóÃóÏúÎöáú íóÏóßó Ýöí ÌóíúÈößó ÊóÎúÑõÌú ÈóíúÖóÇÁó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÁò Ýöí ÊöÓúÚö ÂíóÇÊò Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÞóæúãöåö Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [Çáäãá: 12] .(2/57)
Ãóíú; åóÇÊóÇäö ÇáúÂíóÊóÇäö æóåõãóÇ ÇáúÚóÕóÇ æóÇáúíóÏõ¡ æóåõãóÇ ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäóÇäö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑõ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {ÝóÐóÇäößó ÈõÑúåóÇäóÇäö ãöäú ÑóÈøößó Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö Åöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÝóÇÓöÞöíäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 32] æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÓóÈúÚõ ÂíóÇÊò ÃõÎóÑõ ÝóÐóáößó ÊöÓúÚõ ÂíóÇÊò ÈóíøöäóÇÊò æóåöíó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÓõæÑóÉö " ÓõÈúÍóÇäó " ÍóíúËõ íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÂÊóíúäóÇ ãõæÓóì ÊöÓúÚó ÂíóÇÊò ÈóíøöäóÇÊò ÝóÇÓúÃóáú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÅöÐú ÌóÇÁóåõãú ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Åöäøöí áóÃóÙõäøõßó íóÇ ãõæÓóì ãóÓúÍõæÑðÇ - ÞóÇáó áóÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó åóÄõáóÇÁö ÅöáøóÇ ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈóÕóÇÆöÑó æóÅöäøöí áóÃóÙõäøõßó íóÇ ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ãóËúÈõæÑðÇ} [ÇáÅÓÑÇÁ: 101 - 102]
[ÇáúÅöÓúÑóÇÁö: 101¡ 102] . æóåöíó ÇáúãóÈúÓõæØóÉõ Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö " Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÎóÐúäóÇ Âáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÇáÓøöäöíäó æóäóÞúÕò ãöäó ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÐøóßøóÑõæäó - ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúåõãõ ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóäóÇ åóÐöåö æóÅöäú ÊõÕöÈúåõãú ÓóíøöÆóÉñ íóØøóíøóÑõæÇ ÈöãõæÓóì æóãóäú ãóÚóåõ ÃóáóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ØóÇÆöÑõåõãú ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóáóßöäøó ÃóßúËóÑóåõãú áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó - æóÞóÇáõæÇ ãóåúãóÇ ÊóÃúÊöäóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÂíóÉò áöÊóÓúÍóÑóäóÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóãóÇ äóÍúäõ áóßó ÈöãõÄúãöäöíäó - ÝóÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáØøõæÝóÇäó æóÇáúÌóÑóÇÏó æóÇáúÞõãøóáó æóÇáÖøóÝóÇÏöÚó æóÇáÏøóãó ÂíóÇÊò ãõÝóÕøóáóÇÊò ÝóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ãõÌúÑöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 130 - 133]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 130 - 133] . ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáÊøöÓúÚõ ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÔúÑö ßóáöãóÇÊò; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøöÓúÚó ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÇáúÞóÏóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÔúÑó ãöäú ßóáöãóÇÊöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÈøóåúäóÇ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóÈóåó ÃóãúÑõåóÇ Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÝóÙóäøó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö åöíó åóÐöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÂÎöÑö ÓõæÑóÉö Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó.(2/58)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ áóãøóÇ ÃóãóÑó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÈöÇáÐøóåóÇÈö Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÞóÊóáúÊõ ãöäúåõãú äóÝúÓðÇ ÝóÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõæäö - æóÃóÎöí åóÇÑõæäõ åõæó ÃóÝúÕóÍõ ãöäøöí áöÓóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÑúÓöáúåõ ãóÚöíó ÑöÏúÁðÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõäöí Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõæäö - ÞóÇáó ÓóäóÔõÏøõ ÚóÖõÏóßó ÈöÃóÎöíßó æóäóÌúÚóáõ áóßõãóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöáõæäó ÅöáóíúßõãóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÃóäúÊõãóÇ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßõãóÇ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 33 - 35]
[ÇáúÞóÕóÕö: 33 - 35] . íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö æóßóáöíãöåö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåö áöÑóÈøöåö¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ Íöíäó ÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÇáÐøóåóÇÈö Åöáóì ÚóÏõæøöåö¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú ÏöíóÇÑö ãöÕúÑó ÝöÑóÇÑðÇ ãöäú ÓóØúæóÊöåö æóÙõáúãöåö¡ Íöíäó ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóÊúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøö æóáöåóÐóÇ {ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÞóÊóáúÊõ ãöäúåõãú äóÝúÓðÇ ÝóÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõæäö - æóÃóÎöí åóÇÑõæäõ åõæó ÃóÝúÕóÍõ ãöäøöí áöÓóÇäðÇ ÝóÃóÑúÓöáúåõ ãóÚöíó ÑöÏúÁðÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõäöí Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõæäö} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 33 - 34] Ãóíú; ÇÌúÚóáúåõ ãóÚöí ãõÚöíäðÇ æóÑöÏúÁðÇ æóæóÒöíÑðÇ íõÓóÇÚöÏõäöí æóíõÚöíäõäöí Úóáóì ÃóÏóÇÁö ÑöÓóÇáóÊößó Åöáóíúåöãú ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÝúÕóÍõ ãöäøöí áöÓóÇäðÇ æóÃóÈúáóÛõ ÈóíóÇäðÇ. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ãõÌöíÈðÇ áóåõ Åöáóì ÓõÄóÇáöåö: {ÓóäóÔõÏøõ ÚóÖõÏóßó ÈöÃóÎöíßó æóäóÌúÚóáõ áóßõãóÇ ÓõáúØóÇäðÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 35] Ãóíú; ÈõÑúåóÇäðÇ {ÝóáóÇ íóÕöáõæäó ÅöáóíúßõãóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 35] Ãóíú; ÝóáóÇ íóäóÇáõæäó ãöäúßõãóÇ ãóßúÑõæåðÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÞöíóÇãößõãóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ. æóÞöíáó ÈöÈóÑóßóÉö ÂíóÇÊöäóÇ {ÃóäúÊõãóÇ æóãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóßõãóÇ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 35] æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Øå ": {ÇÐúåóÈú Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Åöäøóåõ ØóÛóì - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö ÇÔúÑóÍú áöí ÕóÏúÑöí - æóíóÓøöÑú áöí ÃóãúÑöí - æóÇÍúáõáú ÚõÞúÏóÉð ãöäú áöÓóÇäöí - íóÝúÞóåõæÇ Þóæúáöí} [Øå: 24 - 28]
[Øå: 24 - 28] . Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ Ýöí áöÓóÇäöåö áõËúÛóÉñ; ÈöÓóÈóÈö Êöáúßó ÇáúÌóãúÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æóÖóÚóåóÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑó ÚóÞúáöåö¡ Íöíäó(2/59)
ÃóÎóÐó ÈöáöÍúíóÊöåö æóåõæó ÕóÛöíÑñ¡ Ýóåóãøó ÈöÞóÊúáöåö¡ ÝóÎóÇÝóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÂÓöíóÉõ¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: Åöäøóåõ ØöÝúáñ. ÝóÇÎúÊóÈóÑóåõ ÈöæóÖúÚö ÊóãúÑóÉò æóÌóãúÑóÉò Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ Ýóåóãøó ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÇáÊøóãúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÕóÑóÝó Çáúãóáóßõ íóÏóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãúÑóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐóåóÇ¡ ÝóæóÖóÚóåóÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö¡ ÝóÃóÕóÇÈóåõ áõËúÛóÉñ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÓóÃóáó ÒóæóÇáó ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ÈöãöÞúÏóÇÑö ãóÇ íóÝúåóãõæäó Þóæúáóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÓúÃóáú ÒóæóÇáóåóÇ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö. ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: æóÇáÑøõÓõáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÓúÃóáõæäó ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÈóÞöíóÊú Ýöí áöÓóÇäöåö ÈóÞöíøóÉñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ¡ ÞóÈøóÍóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÒóÚóãó Åöäøóåõ íóÚöíÈõ Èöåö Çáúßöáöíãó: {æóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõÈöíäõ} [ÇáÒÎÑÝ: 52] . Ãóíú; íõÝúÕöÍõ Úóäú ãõÑóÇÏöåö¡ æóíõÚóÈøöÑõ ÚóãøóÇ Ýöí ÖóãöíÑöåö æóÝõÄóÇÏöåö. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: {æóÇÌúÚóáú áöí æóÒöíÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáöí - åóÇÑõæäó ÃóÎöí - ÇÔúÏõÏú Èöåö ÃóÒúÑöí - æóÃóÔúÑößúåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑöí - ßóíú äõÓóÈøöÍóßó ßóËöíÑðÇ - æóäóÐúßõÑóßó ßóËöíÑðÇ - Åöäøóßó ßõäúÊó ÈöäóÇ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ - ÞóÇáó ÞóÏú ÃõæÊöíÊó ÓõÄúáóßó íóÇ ãõæÓóì} [Øå: 29 - 36]
[Øå: 29 - 36] . Ãóíú; ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÈúäóÇßó Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÓóÃóáúÊó¡ æóÃóÚúØóíúäóÇßó ÇáøóÐöí ØóáóÈúÊó. æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú æóÌóÇåóÊöåö ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöåö ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ Íöíäó ÔóÝóÚó Ãóäú íõæÍöíó Çááøóåõ Åöáóì ÃóÎöíåö ÝóÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÌóÇåñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóßóÇäó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö æóÌöíåðÇ [ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö: 69] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ ÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÑõæäó äóÈöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 53] . æóÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóÊú Ãõãøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÑóÌõáðÇ íóÞõæáõ áöÃõäóÇÓò¡ æóåõãú ÓóÇÆöÑõæäó Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÍóÌøö: Ãóíøõ ÃóÎò Ãóãóäøõ Úóáóì ÃóÎöíåö¿ ÝóÓóßóÊó ÇáúÞóæúãõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ áöãóäú Íóæúáó åóæúÏóÌöåóÇ: åõæó ãõæÓóì Èúäõ ÚöãúÑóÇäó Íöíäó ÔóÝóÚó Ýöí ÃóÎöíåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó äóÈöíøðÇ íõæÍóì Åöáóíúåö. ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóåóÈúäóÇ áóåõ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÊöäóÇ ÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÑõæäó äóÈöíøðÇ} [ãÑíã: 53] .(2/60)
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö ": {æóÅöÐú äóÇÏóì ÑóÈøõßó ãõæÓóì Ãóäö ÇÆúÊö ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÇáöãöíäó - Þóæúãó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÃóáóÇ íóÊøóÞõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøö Åöäøöí ÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íõßóÐøöÈõæäö - æóíóÖöíÞõ ÕóÏúÑöí æóáóÇ íóäúØóáöÞõ áöÓóÇäöí ÝóÃóÑúÓöáú Åöáóì åóÇÑõæäó - æóáóåõãú Úóáóíøó ÐóäúÈñ ÝóÃóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÞúÊõáõæäö - ÞóÇáó ßóáøóÇ ÝóÇÐúåóÈóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ãóÚóßõãú ãõÓúÊóãöÚõæäó - ÝóÃúÊöíóÇ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÝóÞõæáóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - Ãóäú ÃóÑúÓöáú ãóÚóäóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó - ÞóÇáó Ãóáóãú äõÑóÈøößó ÝöíäóÇ æóáöíÏðÇ æóáóÈöËúÊó ÝöíäóÇ ãöäú ÚõãõÑößó Óöäöíäó - æóÝóÚóáúÊó ÝóÚúáóÊóßó ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÚóáúÊó æóÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 10 - 19]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 10 - 19] . ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö: ÝóÃúÊóíóÇåõ ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ Ðóáößó æóÈóáøöÛóÇåõ ãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáúÊõãóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ÏóÚúæóÊöåö Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íóÝõßøó ÃõÓóÇÑóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ãöäú ÞóÈúÖóÊöåö æóÞóåúÑöåö æóÓóØúæóÊöåö¡ æóíóÊúÑõßõåõãú íóÚúÈõÏõæäó ÑóÈøóåõãú ÍóíúËõ ÔóÇÁõæÇ¡ æóíóÊóÝóÑøóÛõæäó áöÊóæúÍöíÏöåö¡ æóÏõÚóÇÆöåö¡ æóÇáÊøóÖóÑøõÚö áóÏóíúåö. ÝóÊóßóÈøóÑó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÚóÊóÇ æóØóÛóì¡ æóäóÙóÑó Åöáóì ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÈöÚóíúäö ÇáöÇÒúÏöÑóÇÁö æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö¡ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ áóåõ: {Ãóáóãú äõÑóÈøößó ÝöíäóÇ æóáöíÏðÇ æóáóÈöËúÊó ÝöíäóÇ ãöäú ÚõãõÑößó Óöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 18] Ãóíú; ÃóãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÇáøóÐöí ÑóÈøóíúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáöäóÇ æóÃóÍúÓóäøóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäúÚóãúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãõÏøóÉð ãöäó ÇáÏøóåúÑö¿ æóåóÐóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËó Åöáóíúåö åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑøó ãöäúåõ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöãóÇ ÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑøó ãöäúåõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ãõÏøóÉö ãõÞóÇãöåö ÈöãóÏúíóäó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÈõÚöËó Åöáóíúåö ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÂÎóÑõ. æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÝóÚóáúÊó ÝóÚúáóÊóßó ÇáøóÊöí ÝóÚóáúÊó æóÃóäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 19] Ãóíú; æóÞóÊóáúÊó ÇáÑøóÌõáó ÇáúÞöÈúØöíøó¡ æóÝóÑóÑúÊó ãöäøóÇ¡ æóÌóÍóÏúÊó äöÚúãóÊóäóÇ(2/61)
ÞóÇáó {ÝóÚóáúÊõåóÇ ÅöÐðÇ æóÃóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÇáøöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 20] Ãóíú; ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõæÍóì Åöáóì¡ æóíóäúÒöáó Úóáóì {ÝóÝóÑóÑúÊõ ãöäúßõãú áóãøóÇ ÎöÝúÊõßõãú ÝóæóåóÈó áöí ÑóÈøöí ÍõßúãðÇ æóÌóÚóáóäöí ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 21] . Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ãõÌöíÈðÇ áöÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÚóãøóÇ ÇãúÊóäøó Èöåö Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÈöíóÉö æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö Åöáóíúåö {æóÊöáúßó äöÚúãóÉñ ÊóãõäøõåóÇ Úóáóíøó Ãóäú ÚóÈøóÏúÊó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 22] . Ãóíú; æóåóÐöåö ÇáäøöÚúãóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑúÊó¡ ãöäú Ãóäøóßó ÃóÍúÓóäúÊó Åöáóíøó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÑóÌõáñ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÊõÞóÇÈöáõ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎúÏóãúÊó åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÚúÈó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó ÈößóãóÇáöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÚúÈóÏúÊóåõãú Ýöí ÃóÚúãóÇáößó æóÎöÏúãóÊößó æóÃóÔúÛóÇáößó.
{ÞóÇáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ æóãóÇ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõæÞöäöíäó - ÞóÇáó áöãóäú Íóæúáóåõ ÃóáóÇ ÊóÓúÊóãöÚõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõßõãú æóÑóÈøõ ÂÈóÇÆößõãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó - ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÑúÓöáó Åöáóíúßõãú áóãóÌúäõæäñ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 23 - 28]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 23 - 28] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãõæÓóì¡ ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÇæóáóÉö æóÇáúãõÍóÇÌøóÉö æóÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÞóÇãóåõ Çáúßóáöíãõ Úóáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÇááøóÆöíãö ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö Ëõãøó ÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ ÞóÈøóÍóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÃóÙúåóÑó ÌóÍúÏó ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö ÊóÈóÇÑóßó æóÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÅöáóåõ {ÝóÍóÔóÑó ÝóäóÇÏóì - ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóäóÇ ÑóÈøõßõãõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì} [ÇáäÇÒÚÇÊ: 23 - 24]
[ÇáäøóÇÒöÚóÇÊö: 23¡ 24] . æóÞóÇáó: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáúãóáóÃõ ãóÇ ÚóáöãúÊõ áóßõãú ãöäú Åöáóåò ÛóíúÑöí} [ÇáÞÕÕ: 38] . æóåõæó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÞóÇáóÉö ãõÚóÇäöÏñ¡(2/62)
íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÈúÏñ ãóÑúÈõæÈñ¡ æóÃóäøó Çááøóåó åõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáúÈóÇÑöÆõ ÇáúãõÕóæøöÑõ¡ ÇáúÅöáóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÌóÍóÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ æóÇÓúÊóíúÞóäóÊúåóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú ÙõáúãðÇ æóÚõáõæøðÇ ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó} [Çáäãá: 14] . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áöãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ Ëóãøó ÑóÈøñ ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ: {æóãóÇ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 23] . áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÞóÇáóÇ áóåõ: {ÅöäøóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 16] ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ íóÞõæáõ áóåõãóÇ: æóãóäú ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÒúÚõãóÇäö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑúÓóáóßõãóÇ æóÇÈúÊóÚóËóßõãóÇ¿ ÝóÃóÌóÇÈóåõ ãõæÓóì ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {ÑóÈøõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ãõæÞöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 24] . íóÚúäöí ÑóÈøó ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó¡ ÎóÇáöÞó åóÐöåö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÌóÏøöÏóÉö; ãöäó ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈö æóÇáÑøöíóÇÍö æóÇáúãóØóÑö æóÇáäøóÈóÇÊö æóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí íóÚúáóãõ ßõáøõ ãõæÞöäò ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóÍúÏõËú ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåóÇ ãöäú ãõæÌöÏò æóãõÍúÏöËò æóÎóÇáöÞò¡ æóåõæó Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ åõæó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó. ÞóÇáó Ãóíú; ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ áöãóäú Íóæúáóåõ ãöäú ÃõãóÑóÇÆöåö¡ æóãóÑóÇÒöÈóÊöåö æóæõÒóÑóÇÆöåö¡ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóåóßøõãö æóÇáÊøóäóÞøõÕö áöãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑóåõ ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÓúÊóãöÚõæäó íóÚúäöí ßóáóÇãóåõ åóÐóÇ. ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì ãõÎóÇØöÈðÇ áóåõ æóáóåõãú: {ÑóÈøõßõãú æóÑóÈøõ ÂÈóÇÆößõãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 26] . Ãóíú; åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú; ãöäó ÇáúÂÈóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÌúÏóÇÏö æóÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÂÈóÇÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÎúáõÞú äóÝúÓóåõ æóáóÇ ÃóÈõæåõ æóáóÇ Ãõãøõåõ¡ æóáóãú íóÍúÏõËú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÍúÏöËò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÏóåõ æóÎóáóÞóåõ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó. æóåóÐóÇäö ÇáúãóÞóÇãóÇäö åõãóÇ(2/63)
ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÇäö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóäõÑöíåöãú ÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÝóÇÞö æóÝöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ} [ÝÕáÊ: 53] . æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö áóãú íóÓúÊóÝöÞú ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ãöäú ÑóÞúÏóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ äóÒóÚó Úóäú ÖóáóÇáóÊöåö¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóáóì ØõÛúíóÇäöåö æóÚöäóÇÏöåö¡ æóßõÝúÑóÇäöåö {ÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÑóÓõæáóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃõÑúÓöáó Åöáóíúßõãú áóãóÌúäõæäñ - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõ ÇáúãóÔúÑöÞö æóÇáúãóÛúÑöÈö æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúÞöáõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 27 - 28]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 27¡ 28] . Ãóíú; åõæó ÇáúãõÓóÎøöÑõ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáÒøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÓóíøóÑõ áöáúÃóÝúáóÇßö ÇáÏøóÇÆöÑóÉö¡ ÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáÙøóáøóÇãö æóÇáÖøöíóÇÁö æóÑóÈøõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ ÑóÈøõ ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó æóÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó¡ ÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ æóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáÓøóÇÆöÑóÉö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈöÊö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÑóÉö¡ ÎóÇáöÞõ Çááøóíúáö ÈöÙóáóÇãöåö æóÇáäøóåóÇÑö ÈöÖöíóÇÆöåö¡ æóÇáúßõáøõ ÊóÍúÊó ÞóåúÑöåö æóÊóÓúÎöíÑöåö æóÊóÓúíöíÑöåö ÓóÇÆöÑõæäó¡ æóÝöí Ýóáóßò íóÓúÈóÍõæäó¡ íóÊóÚóÇÞóÈõæäó Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóíóÏõæÑõæäó¡ Ýóåõæó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáúãóÇáößõ ÇáúãõÊóÕóÑøöÝõ Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö ÈöãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÍõÌóÌõ Úóáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÇäúÞóØóÚóÊú ÔõÈóåõåõ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áóåõ Þóæúáñ Óöæóì ÇáúÚöäóÇÏö¡ ÚóÏóáó Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÓõáúØóÇäöåö æóÌóÇåöåö æóÓóØúæóÊöåö¡ ÞóÇáó: {ÞóÇáó áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊó ÅöáóåðÇ ÛóíúÑöí áóÃóÌúÚóáóäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌõæäöíäó - ÞóÇáó Ãóæóáóæú ÌöÆúÊõßó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãõÈöíäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÃúÊö Èöåö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó - ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ËõÚúÈóÇäñ ãõÈöíäñ - æóäóÒóÚó íóÏóåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÈóíúÖóÇÁõ áöáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 29 - 33]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 29 - 33] . æóåóÐóÇäö åõãóÇ ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäóÇäö ÇááøóÐóÇäö ÃóíøóÏóåõ Çááøóåõ ÈöåöãóÇ¡ æóåóãóÇ ÇáúÚóÕóÇ æóÇáúíóÏõ. æóÐóáößó ãóÞóÇãñ ÃóÙúåóÑó Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÞó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó¡ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóåóÑó Èöåö ÇáúÚõÞõæáó æóÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑó¡ Íöíäó ÃóáúÞóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ËõÚúÈóÇäñ ãõÈöíäñ¡ Ãóíú ÚóÙöíãõ ÇáÔøóßúáö¡ ÈóÏöíÚñ Ýöí ÇáÖøóÎóÇãóÉö æóÇáúåóæúáö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÙóÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÇáúÝóÙöíÚö ÇáúÈóÇåöÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó(2/64)
áóãøóÇ ÔóÇåóÏó Ðóáößó æóÚóÇíóäóåõ¡ ÃóÎóÐóåõ ÑõÚúÈñ ÔóÏöíÏñ¡ æóÎóæúÝñ ÚóÙöíãñ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÅöÓúåóÇáñ ÚóÙöíãñ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ãóÑøóÉð Ýöí íóæúãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÊóÈóÑøóÒõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó íóæúãðÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÑøóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ ÝóÇäúÚóßóÓó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇáõ. æóåóßóÐóÇ áóãøóÇ ÃóÏúÎóáó ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ íóÏóåõ Ýöí ÌóíúÈöåö æóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ¡ ÃóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ æóåöíó ßóÝöáúÞóÉö ÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ ÊóÊóáóÃúáóÃõ äõæÑðÇ íóÈúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÚóÇÏóåóÇ Åöáóì ÌóíúÈöåö ÑóÌóÚóÊú Åöáóì ÕöÝóÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ßõáøöåö áóãú íóäúÊóÝöÚú ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ¡ áóÚóäóåõ Çááøóåõ¡ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ Èóáö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóÙúåóÑó Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ßõáøóåõ ÓöÍúÑñ¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏó ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊóåõ ÈöÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉö¡ ÝóÃóÑúÓóáó íóÌúãóÚõåõãú ãöäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ãóãúáóßóÊöåö¡ æóãóäú Ýöí ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóÊóÍúÊó ÞóåúÑöåö æóÏóæúáóÊöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóÓúØõåõ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö; ãöäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑö Çááøóåö ÇáúÍóÞøó ÇáúãõÈöíäó¡ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉó ÇáúÈóÇåöÑóÉó ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉó Úóáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö¡ æóÃóåúáö ÏóæúáóÊöåö æóãöáøóÊöåö¡ æóáöáøóåö ÇáúÍóãúÏõ æóÇáúãöäøóÉõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " Øå ": {ÝóáóÈöËúÊó Óöäöíäó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ãóÏúíóäó Ëõãøó ÌöÆúÊó Úóáóì ÞóÏóÑò íóÇ ãõæÓóì - æóÇÕúØóäóÚúÊõßó áöäóÝúÓöí - ÇÐúåóÈú ÃóäúÊó æóÃóÎõæßó ÈöÂíóÇÊöí æóáóÇ ÊóäöíóÇ Ýöí ÐößúÑöí - ÇÐúåóÈóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Åöäøóåõ ØóÛóì - ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ áóíøöäðÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊóÐóßøóÑõ Ãóæú íóÎúÔóì - ÞóÇáóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÅöäøóäóÇ äóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÝúÑõØó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóØúÛóì - ÞóÇáó áóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝóÇ Åöäøóäöí ãóÚóßõãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ æóÃóÑóì} [Øå: 40 - 46]
[Øå: 40 - 46] . íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÎóÇØöÈðÇ áöãõæÓóì¡ ÝöíãóÇ ßóáøóãóåõ Èöåö áóíúáóÉó ÃóæúÍóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäúÚóãó ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóáøóãóåõ ãöäúåõ Åöáóíúåö: ÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ãõÔóÇåöÏðÇ áóßó æóÃóäúÊó Ýöí ÏóÇÑö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÃóäúÊó ÊóÍúÊó ßóäóÝöí æóÍöÝúÙöí æóáõØúÝöí¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÎúÑóÌúÊõßó ãöäú ÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó Åöáóì ÃóÑúÖö ãóÏúíóäó ÈöãóÔöíÆóÊöí æóÞõÏúÑóÊöí æóÊóÏúÈöíÑöí¡ ÝóáóÈöËúÊó(2/65)
ÝöíåóÇ Óöäöíäó Ëõãøó ÌöÆúÊó Úóáóì ÞóÏóÑò Ãóíú; ãöäøöí áöÐóáößó¡ ÝóæóÇÝóÞó Ðóáößó ÊóÞúÏöíÑöí æóÊóÓúíöíÑöí æóÇÕúØóäóÚóÊúßó áöäóÝúÓöí Ãóíú; ÇÕúØóÝóíúÊõßó áöäóÝúÓöí ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöí æóÈößóáóÇãöí {ÇÐúåóÈú ÃóäúÊó æóÃóÎõæßó ÈöÂíóÇÊöí æóáóÇ ÊóäöíóÇ Ýöí ÐößúÑöí} [Øå: 42] íóÚúäöí: æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÊõÑóÇ Ýöí ÐóßóÑöí ÅöÐú ÞóÏöãúÊõãóÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóæóÝóÏúÊõãóÇ Åöáóíúåö; ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó Úóæúäñ áóßõãóÇ Úóáóì ãõÎóÇØóÈóÊöåö æóãõÌóÇæóÈóÊöåö¡ æóÅöåúÏóÇÁö ÇáäøóÕöíÍóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö Úóáóíúåö. æóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö: «íóÞõæáõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: Åöäøó ÚóÈúÏöí ßõáøó ÚóÈúÏöí ÇáøóÐöí íóÐúßõÑõäöí æóåõæó ãõáóÇÞò ÞöÑúäóåõ» æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóÞöíÊõãú ÝöÆóÉð ÝóÇËúÈõÊõæÇ æóÇÐúßõÑõæÇ Çááøóåó ßóËöíÑðÇ áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊõÝúáöÍõæäó} [ÇáÃäÝÇá: 45] .
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇÐúåóÈóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Åöäøóåõ ØóÛóì - ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ áóíøöäðÇ áóÚóáøóåõ íóÊóÐóßøóÑõ Ãóæú íóÎúÔóì} [Øå: 43 - 44] æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú Íöáúãöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóßóÑóãöåö æóÑóÃúÝóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÎóáúÞöåö¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈößõÝúÑö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóÚõÊõæøöåö æóÊóÌóÈøõÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÃóÑúÏóì ÎóáúÞöåö æóÞóÏú ÈóÚóËó Åöáóíúåö ÕóÝúæóÊóåõ ãöäú ÎóáóÞóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ íóÞõæáõ áóåõãóÇ æóíóÃúãõÑõåõãóÇ Ãóäú íóÏúÚõæóÇåõ Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ; ÈöÑöÝúÞò æóáöíäò¡ æóíõÚóÇãöáóÇåõ ãõÚóÇãóáóÉó ãóäú íóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íóÊóÐóßøóÑó Ãóæú íóÎúÔóì¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÑóÓõæáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: {ÇÏúÚõ Åöáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÑóÈøößó ÈöÇáúÍößúãóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÚöÙóÉö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö æóÌóÇÏöáúåõãú ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ} [ÇáäÍá: 125] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: æóáóÇ ÊõÌóÇÏöáõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÍúÓóäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÙóáóãõæÇ ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúÂíóÉó [ÇáúÚóäúßóÈõæÊö: 46] . ÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: {ÝóÞõæáóÇ áóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ áóíøöäðÇ} [Øå: 44] ;. ÃóÚúÐöÑóÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÞóæúáðÇ áóåõ: Åöäøó áóßó ÑóÈøðÇ æóáóßó ãóÚóÇÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäøó Èóíúäó íóÏóíúßó ÌóäøóÉð(2/66)
æóäóÇÑðÇ. æóÞóÇáó æóåúÈõ Èúäõ ãõäóÈøöåò: ÞõæáóÇ áóåõ: Åöäøöí Åöáóíøó ÇáúÚóÝúæõ æóÇáúãóÛúÝöÑóÉõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäøöí Åöáóì ÇáúÛóÖóÈö æóÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÉö. æóÞóÇáó íóÒöíÏõ ÇáÑøóÞóÇÔöíøõ ÚöäúÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö: íóÇ ãóäú íóÊóÍóÈøóÈõ Åöáóì ãóäú íõÚóÇÏöíåö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Èöãóäú íóÊóæóáøóÇåõ æóíõäóÇÏöíåö¿ {ÞóÇáóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÅöäøóäóÇ äóÎóÇÝõ Ãóäú íóÝúÑõØó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóØúÛóì} [Øå: 45] æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ßóÇäó ÌóÈøóÇÑðÇ ÚóäöíÏðÇ¡ ÔóíúØóÇäðÇ ãóÑöíÏðÇ¡ áóåõ ÓõáúØóÇäñ Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó Øóæöíáñ ÚóÑöíÖñ¡ æóÌóÇåñ æóÌõäõæÏñ æóÚóÓóÇßöÑõ æóÓóØúæóÉñ¡ ÝóåóÇÈóÇåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøóÉõ¡ æóÎóÇÝóÇ Ãóäú íóÓúØõæó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóËóÈøóÊóåõãóÇ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóáöíøõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {áóÇ ÊóÎóÇÝóÇ Åöäøóäöí ãóÚóßõãóÇ ÃóÓúãóÚõ æóÃóÑóì} [Øå: 46] ¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ãóÚóßõãú ãõÓúÊóãöÚõæäó - ÝóÃúÊöíóÇåõ ÝóÞõæáóÇ ÅöäøóÇ ÑóÓõæáóÇ ÑóÈøößó ÝóÃóÑúÓöáú ãóÚóäóÇ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó æóáóÇ ÊõÚóÐøöÈúåõãú ÞóÏú ÌöÆúäóÇßó ÈöÂíóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøößó æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÇáúåõÏóì - ÅöäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÃõæÍöíó ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó Úóáóì ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó æóÊóæóáøóì} [Øå: 15 - 48]
[Øå: 47¡ 48] . íóÐúßõÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõãóÇ Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ ÝóíóÏúÚõæóÇåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì; Ãóäú íóÚúÈõÏóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ æóÃóäú íõÑúÓöáó ãóÚóåõãú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóíõØúáöÞóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÓúÑöåö æóÞóåúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú {ÞóÏú ÌöÆúäóÇßó ÈöÂíóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøößó} [Øå: 47] æóåõæó ÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÕöíøö æóÇáúíóÏö {æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÇáúåõÏóì} [Øå: 47] ÊóÞúíöíÏñ ãõÝöíÏñ ÈóáöíÛñ ÚóÙöíãñ. Ëõãøó ÊóåóÏøóÏóÇåõ æóÊóæóÚøóÏóÇåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÇ: {ÅöäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÃõæÍöíó ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó Úóáóì ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó æóÊóæóáøóì} [Øå: 48] Ãóíú; ßóÐøóÈó ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÈöÞóáúÈöåö¡ æóÊóæóáøóì Úóäö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóÇáóÈöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÞóÏöãó ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ãóÏúíóäó¡ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóì Ãõãøöåö(2/67)
æóÃóÎöíåö åóÇÑõæäó æóåõãóÇ íóÊóÚóÔøóíóÇäö ãöäú ØóÚóÇãò Ýöíåö ÇáØøóÝóíúÔóáõ; æóåõæó ÇááøöÝúÊõ ÝóÃóßóáó ãóÚóåõãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó íóÇ åóÇÑõæäõ¡ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÃóãóÑóäöí æóÃóãóÑóßó Ãóäú äóÏúÚõæó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Åöáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÊöåö¡ ÝóÞõãú ãóÚöí. ÝóÞóÇãóÇ íóÞúÕöÏóÇäö ÈóÇÈó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åõæó ãõÛúáóÞñ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì áöáúÈóæøóÇÈöíäó æóÇáúÍóÌóÈóÉö: ÃóÚúáöãõæåõ Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÈöÇáúÈóÇÈö. ÝóÌóÚóáõæÇ íóÓúÎóÑõæäó ãöäúåõ æóíóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõæäó Èöåö. æóÞóÏú ÒóÚóãó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÄúÐóäú áóåõãóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Íöíäò Øóæöíáò. æóÞóÇáó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÃóÐöäó áóåõãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÓóäóÊóíúäö; áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõ ÃóÍóÏñ íóÊóÌóÇÓóÑõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö áóåõãóÇ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóíõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÊóÞóÏøóãó Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÝóØóÑóÞóåõ ÈöÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÇäúÒóÚóÌó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÅöÍúÖóÇÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóæóÞóÝóÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ ÝóÏóÚóæóÇåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõãóÇ. æóÚöäúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÇáó áöãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: Åöäøó åóÇÑõæäó ÇááøóÇæöíøó - íóÚúäöí ãöäú äóÓúáö áóÇæöí Èúäö íóÚúÞõæÈó - ÓóíóÎúÑõÌõ æóíóÊóáóÞøóÇßó. æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íóÃúÎõÐó ãóÚóåõ ãóÔóÇíöÎó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó Åöáóì ÚöäúÏö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÃóãóÑóåõ Ãóäú íõÙúåöÑó ãóÇ ÂÊóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö. æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÓóÃõÞúÓøöí ÞóáúÈóåõ ÝóáóÇ íõÑúÓöáõ ÇáÔøóÚúÈó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÂíóÇÊöí æóÃóÚóÇÌöíÈöí ÈöÃóÑúÖö ãöÕúÑó. æóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóì åóÇÑõæäó Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó Åöáóì ÃóÎöíåö íóÊóáóÞøóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÈóÑøöíøóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÌóÈóáö ÍõæÑöíÈó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóáúÞóÇåõ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ãõæÓóì ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö ÑóÈøõåõ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÏóÎóáóÇ ãöÕúÑó¡ ÌóãúÚóÇ ÔõíõæÎó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ æóÐóåóÈóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÈóáøóÛóÇåõ ÑöÓóÇáóÉó Çááøóåö ÞóÇáó: ãóäú åõæó Çááøóåõ¿ áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáõ Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó.
æóÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäó:(2/68)
{ÞóÇáó Ýóãóäú ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ íóÇ ãõæÓóì - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÚúØóì ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÎóáúÞóåõ Ëõãøó åóÏóì - ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÃõæáóì - ÞóÇáó ÚöáúãõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóÖöáøõ ÑóÈøöí æóáóÇ íóäúÓóì - ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó áóßõãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ãóåúÏðÇ æóÓóáóßó áóßõãú ÝöíåóÇ ÓõÈõáðÇ æóÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ Èöåö ÃóÒúæóÇÌðÇ ãöäú äóÈóÇÊò ÔóÊøóì - ßõáõæÇ æóÇÑúÚóæúÇ ÃóäúÚóÇãóßõãú Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöÃõæáöí Çáäøõåóì - ãöäúåóÇ ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú æóÝöíåóÇ äõÚöíÏõßõãú æóãöäúåóÇ äõÎúÑöÌõßõãú ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì} [Øå: 49 - 55]
[Øå: 49 - 55] . íóÞõæáõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÎúÈöÑðÇ Úóäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {Ýóãóäú ÑóÈøõßõãóÇ íóÇ ãõæÓóì - ÞóÇáó ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÚúØóì ßõáó ÔóíúÁò ÎóáúÞóåõ Ëõãøó åóÏóì} [Øå: 49 - 50] Ãóíú; åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÎóáúÞó¡ æóÞóÏøóÑó áóåõãú ÃóÚúãóÇáðÇ æóÃóÑúÒóÇÞðÇ æóÂÌóÇáðÇ¡ æóßóÊóÈó Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö ÇááøóæúÍö ÇáúãóÍúÝõæÙö¡ Ëõãøó åóÏóì ßõáøó ãóÎúáõæÞò Åöáóì ãóÇ ÞóÏøóÑóåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóØóÇÈóÞó Úöáúãóåõ Ýöíåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏøóÑóåõ æóÚóáöãóåõ; áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÞóÏóÑöåö. æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóÈøöÍö ÇÓúãó ÑóÈøößó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞó ÝóÓóæøóì - æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÏøóÑó ÝóåóÏóì} [ÇáÃÚáì: 1 - 3]
[ÇáúÃóÚúáóì: 1 - 3] . Ãóíú; ÞóÏøóÑó ÞóÏóÑðÇ æóåóÏóì ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞó Åöáóíúåö {ÞóÇáó ÝóãóÇ ÈóÇáõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÃõæáóì} [Øå: 51] íóÞõæáõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ áöãõæÓóì: ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÑóÈøõßó åõæó ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöÑõ¡ ÇáúåóÇÏöí ÇáúÎóáóÇÆöÞó¡ áöãóÇ ÞóÏøóÑóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúãóËóÇÈóÉö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉó ÓöæóÇåõ¡ Ýóáöãó ÚóÈóÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ÛóíúÑóåõ æóÃóÔúÑóßõæÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö æóÇáúÃóäúÏóÇÏö ãóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúÊó¿ ÝóåóáøóÇ ÇåúÊóÏóì Åöáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊóåõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäõ ÇáúÃõæáóì¿ {ÞóÇáó ÚöáúãõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóÖöáøõ ÑóÈøöí æóáóÇ íóäúÓóì} [Øå: 52] Ãóíú; åõãú æóÅöäú ÚóÈóÏõæÇ ÛóíúÑóåõ ÝóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò áóßó¡ æóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ; áöÃóäøóåõãú ÌóåóáóÉñ ãöËúáõßó¡ æóßõáøõ ÔóíúÁò ÝóÚóáõæåõ ãõÓúÊóØóÑñ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáÒøõÈõÑö ãöäú ÕóÛöíÑò æóßóÈöíÑò¡ æóÓóíóÌúÒöíåöãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÑóÈøöí¡ ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó¡ æóáóÇ íóÙúáöãõ ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò; áöÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ãóßúÊõæÈóÉñ ÚöäúÏóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈò áóÇ íóÖöáøõ Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÓóì ÑóÈøöí ÔóíúÆðÇ. Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó áóåõ ÚóÙóãóÉó ÇáÑøóÈøö¡ æóÞõÏúÑóÊóåõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóÌóÚúáóåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó(2/69)
ãöåóÇÏðÇ¡ æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÓóÞúÝðÇ ãóÍúÝõæÙðÇ¡ æóÊóÓúÎöíÑóåõ ÇáÓøóÍóÇÈó æóÇáúÃóãúØóÇÑó áöÑöÒúÞö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö æóÏóæóÇÈøöåöãú æóÃóäúÚóÇãöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ßõáõæÇ æóÇÑúÚóæúÇ ÃóäúÚóÇãóßõãú Åöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÂíóÇÊò áöÃõæáöí Çáäøõåóì} [Øå: 54] Ãóíú; áöÐóæöí ÇáúÚõÞõæáö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞöíãóÉö æóÇáúÝöØóÑö ÇáúÞóæöíãóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáÓøóÞöíãóÉö. Ýóåõæó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÇáÑøóÒøóÇÞõ. æóßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÑóÈøóßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóÇáøóÐöíäó ãöäú ÞóÈúáößõãú áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÊøóÞõæäó - ÇáøóÐöí ÌóÚóáó áóßõãõ ÇáúÃóÑúÖó ÝöÑóÇÔðÇ æóÇáÓøóãóÇÁó ÈöäóÇÁð æóÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö ãóÇÁð ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáËøóãóÑóÇÊö ÑöÒúÞðÇ áóßõãú ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáõæÇ áöáøóåö ÃóäúÏóÇÏðÇ æóÃóäúÊõãú ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÈÞÑÉ: 21 - 22]
[ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö: 21¡ 22] . æóáóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÅöÍúíóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÇáúãóØóÑö¡ æóÇåúÊöÒóÇÒóåóÇ ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö äóÈóÇÊöåóÇ Ýöíåö¡ äóÈøóåó Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇÏö ÝóÞóÇáó: ãöäúåóÇ Ãóíú; ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö {ÎóáóÞúäóÇßõãú æóÝöíåóÇ äõÚöíÏõßõãú æóãöäúåóÇ äõÎúÑöÌõßõãú ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì} [Øå: 55] ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóãóÇ ÈóÏóÃóßõãú ÊóÚõæÏõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 29] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí íóÈúÏóÃõ ÇáúÎóáúÞó Ëõãøó íõÚöíÏõåõ æóåõæó Ãóåúæóäõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóåõ ÇáúãóËóáõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒõ ÇáúÍóßöíãõ} [ÇáÑæã: 27] .
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑóíúäóÇåõ ÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ ÝóßóÐøóÈó æóÃóÈóì - ÞóÇáó ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ áöÊõÎúÑöÌóäóÇ ãöäú ÃóÑúÖöäóÇ ÈöÓöÍúÑößó íóÇ ãõæÓóì - ÝóáóäóÃúÊöíóäøóßó ÈöÓöÍúÑò ãöËúáöåö ÝóÇÌúÚóáú ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóßó ãóæúÚöÏðÇ áóÇ äõÎúáöÝõåõ äóÍúäõ æóáóÇ ÃóäúÊó ãóßóÇäðÇ Óõæðì - ÞóÇáó ãóæúÚöÏõßõãú íóæúãõ ÇáÒøöíäóÉö æóÃóäú íõÍúÔóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÖõÍðì} [Øå: 56 - 59]
[Øå: 56 - 59] . íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÔóÞóÇÁö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóßóËúÑóÉö Ìóåúáöåö æóÞöáøóÉö ÚóÞúáöåö Ýöí ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö ÈöÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇÓúÊößúÈóÇÑöåö Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö áöãõæÓóì: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÌöÆúÊó Èöåö ÓöÍúÑñ æóäóÍúäõ äõÚóÇÑöÖõßó ÈöãöËúáöåö. Ëõãøó ØóáóÈó ãöäú ãõæÓóì(2/70)
Ãóäøó íõæóÇÚöÏóåõ Åöáóì æóÞúÊò ãóÚúáõæãò æóãóßóÇäò ãóÚúáõæãò¡ æóßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóßúÈóÑö ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ãõæÓóì¡ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ; Ãóäú íõÙúåöÑó ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö æóÍõÌóÌóåõ æóÈóÑóÇåöíäóåõ ÌóåúÑóÉð ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {ãóæúÚöÏõßõãú íóæúãõ ÇáÒøöíäóÉö} [Øå: 59] æóßóÇäó íóæúãó ÚöíÏò ãöäú ÃóÚúíóÇÏöåöãú¡ æóãõÌúÊóãóÚò áóåõãú {æóÃóäú íõÍúÔóÑó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÖõÍðì} [Øå: 59] Ãóíú; ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇÔúÊöÏóÇÏö ÖöíóÇÁö ÇáÔøóãúÓö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÃóÙúåóÑó æóÃóÌúáóì. æóáóãú íóØúáõÈú Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó áóíúáðÇ Ýöí ÙóáóÇãò¡ ßóíúãóÇ íõÑóæøöÌõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãöÍóÇáðÇ æóÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ Èóáú ØóáóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó äóåóÇÑðÇ ÌóåúÑóÉð áöÃóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÈóÕöíÑóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøöåö¡ æóíóÞöíäò Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíõÙúåöÑõ ßóáöãóÊóåõ æóÏöíäóåõ æóÅöäú ÑóÛöãóÊú ÃõäõæÝõ ÇáúÞöÈúØö.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÊóæóáøóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÝóÌóãóÚó ßóíúÏóåõ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóì - ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ãõæÓóì æóíúáóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÝúÊóÑõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ ÝóíõÓúÍöÊóßõãú ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò æóÞóÏú ÎóÇÈó ãóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì - ÝóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú æóÃóÓóÑøõæÇ ÇáäøóÌúæóì - ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäú åóÐóÇäö áóÓóÇÍöÑóÇäö íõÑöíÏóÇäö Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóÇßõãú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖößõãú ÈöÓöÍúÑöåöãóÇ æóíóÐúåóÈóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞóÊößõãõ ÇáúãõËúáóì - ÝóÃóÌúãöÚõæÇ ßóíúÏóßõãú Ëõãøó ÇÆúÊõæÇ ÕóÝøðÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó Çáúíóæúãó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúáóì} [Øå: 60 - 64]
[Øå: 60 - 64] . íõÎúÈöÑõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Ãóäøóåõ ÐóåóÈó¡ ÝóÌóãóÚó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈöÈöáóÇÏöåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉö¡ æóßóÇäóÊú ÈöáóÇÏõ ãöÕúÑó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ãóãúáõæÁóÉð ÓóÍóÑóÉð¡ ÝõÖóáóÇÁó¡ Ýöí Ýóäøöåöãú ÛóÇíóÉñ ÝóÌóãóÚõæÇ áóåõ ãóäú ßõáøö ÈóáóÏò¡ æóãöäú ßõáøö ãóßóÇäò¡ ÝóÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãöäúåõãú ÎõáõÞñ ßóËöíÑñ æóÌóãøõ ÛóÝöíÑñ. ÝóÞöíáó: ßóÇäõæÇ ËóãóÇäöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. ÞóÇáóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò. æóÞöíáó: ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóÒøóÉó æóÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõÏøöíøõ: ÈöÖúÚóÉð æóËóáóÇËöíäó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÚóäú ÃóÈöí ÃõãóÇãóÉó: ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÞóÇáó(2/71)
ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó: ÎóãúÓóÉó ÚóÔóÑó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÞóÇáó ßóÚúÈõ ÇáúÃóÍúÈóÇÑö: ßóÇäõæÇ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó ÃóáúÝðÇ. æóÑóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÇäõæÇ ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ. æóÑóæóì Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÛõáóÇãðÇ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÚõÑóÝóÇÁö¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ: {æóãóÇ ÃóßúÑóåúÊóäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÓøöÍúÑö æóÇááøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÈúÞóì} [Øå: 73] æóÝöí åóÐóÇ äóÙóÑñ.
æóÍóÖóÑó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ æóÃõãóÑóÇÄõåõ æóÃóåúáõ ÏóæúáóÊöåö æóÃóåúáõ ÈóáóÏöåö Úóäú ÈóßúÑóÉö ÃóÈöíåöãú; æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó äóÇÏóì Ýöíåöãú Ãóäú íóÍúÖõÑõæÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóæúÞöÝó ÇáúÚóÙöíãó¡ ÝóÎóÑóÌõæÇ æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: {áóÚóáøóäóÇ äóÊøóÈöÚõ ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉó Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 40] . æóÊóÞóÏøóãó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉö¡ ÝóæóÚóÙóåõãú æóÒóÌóÑóåõãú Úóäú ÊóÚóÇØöí ÇáÓøöÍúÑö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉñ áöÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö æóÍõÌóÌöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: {æóíúáóßõãú áóÇ ÊóÝúÊóÑõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ ÝóíõÓúÍöÊóßõãú ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò æóÞóÏú ÎóÇÈó ãóäö ÇÝúÊóÑóì - ÝóÊóäóÇÒóÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑóåõãú Èóíúäóåõãú} [Øå: 61 - 62] Þöíáó: ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõãõ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú; ÝóÞóÇÆöáñ íóÞõæáõ: åóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãõ äóÈöíøò æóáóíúÓó ÈöÓóÇÍöÑò. æóÞóÇÆöáñ ãöäúåõãú íóÞõæáõ: Èóáú åõæó ÓóÇÍöÑñ. ÝóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ. æóÃóÓóÑøõæÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÌöíó ÈöåóÐóÇ æóÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÇáõæÇ {Åöäú åóÐóÇäö áóÓóÇÍöÑóÇäö íõÑöíÏóÇäö Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóÇßõãú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖößõãú ÈöÓöÍúÑöåöãóÇ} [Øå: 63] íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöäøó åóÐóÇ æóÃóÎóÇåõ åóÇÑõæäó ÓóÇÍöÑóÇäö¡ ÚóáöíãóÇäö¡ ãõØúÈöÞóÇäö ãõÊúÞöäóÇäö áöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö¡ æóãõÑóÇÏõåõãú Ãóäú íóÌúÊóãöÚó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóíóÕõæáóÇ Úóáóì Çáúãóáößö æóÍóÇÔöíóÊöåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÃúÕöáóÇßõãú Úóäú ÂÎöÑößõãú¡ æóíóÓúÊóÃúãöÑóÇ Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö(2/72)
{ÝóÃóÌúãöÚõæÇ ßóíúÏóßõãú Ëõãøó ÇÆúÊõæÇ ÕóÝøðÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóÝúáóÍó Çáúíóæúãó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúáóì} [Øå: 64] æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áöíóÊóÏóÈøóÑõæÇ æóíóÊóæóÇÕóæúÇ¡ æóíóÃúÊõæÇ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúãóßöíÏóÉö æóÇáúãóßúÑö æóÇáúÎóÏöíÚóÉö æóÇáÓøöÍúÑö æóÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäö. æóåóíúåóÇÊó¡ ßóÐóÈóÊú æóÇááøóåö ÇáÙøõäõæäõ æóÃóÎúØóÃóÊö ÇáúÂÑóÇÁõ¡ Ãóäøóì íõÚóÇÑöÖõ ÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäõ æóÇáÓøöÍúÑõ æóÇáúåóÐóíóÇäõ ÎóæóÇÑöÞó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÌúÑóÇåóÇ ÇáÏøóíøóÇäõ Úóáóì íóÏóíú ÚóÈúÏöåö Çáúßóáöíãö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÇáúßóÑöíãö¡ ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÈöÇáúÈõÑúåóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÈúåóÑõ ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑó¡ æóÊóÍóÇÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÚõÞõæáõ æóÇáúÃóÐúåóÇäõ. æóÞóæúáõåõãú: {ÝóÃóÌúãöÚõæÇ ßóíúÏóßõãú} [Øå: 64] Ãóíú; ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ ÚöäúÏóßõãú¡ {Ëõãøó ÇÆúÊõæÇ ÕóÝøðÇ} [Øå: 64] Ãóíú; ÌõãúáóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð. Ëõãøó ÍóÖøó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞóÇãö; áöÃóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ßóÇäó ÞóÏú æóÚóÏóåõãú æóãóäøóÇåõãú¡ {æóãóÇ íóÚöÏõåõãõ ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÛõÑõæÑðÇ} [ÇáäÓÇÁ: 120] .
{ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõáúÞöíó æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äóßõæäó Ãóæøóáó ãóäú ÃóáúÞóì - ÞóÇáó Èóáú ÃóáúÞõæÇ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍöÈóÇáõåõãú æóÚöÕöíøõåõãú íõÎóíøóáõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÓöÍúÑöåöãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÓúÚóì - ÝóÃóæúÌóÓó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÎöíÝóÉð ãõæÓóì - ÞõáúäóÇ áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì} [Øå: 65 - 68] æóÃóáúÞö ãóÇ Ýöí íóãöíäößó ÊóáúÞóÝú ãóÇ ÕóäóÚõæÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÕóäóÚõæÇ ßóíúÏõ ÓóÇÍöÑò æóáóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ ÇáÓøóÇÍöÑõ ÍóíúËõ ÃóÊóì [Øå: 65 - 69] . áóãøóÇ ÇÕúØóÝøó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ æóæóÞóÝó ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäõ¡ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÊõÌóÇåóåõãú¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõáúÞöíó ÞóÈúáóäóÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äõáúÞöíó ÞóÈúáóßó. ÞóÇáó: Èóáú ÃóáúÞõæÇ ÃóäúÊõãú. æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏú ÚóãóÏõæÇ Åöáóì ÍöÈóÇáò æóÚöÕöíøò ÝóÃóæúÏóÚõæåóÇ ÇáÒøöÆúÈóÞó æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÂáóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÖúØóÑöÈõ ÈöÓóÈóÈöåóÇ Êöáúßó ÇáúÍöÈóÇáõ æóÇáúÚöÕöíøõ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÈðÇ íõÎóíøóáõ áöáÑøóÇÆöí ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÓúÚóì(2/73)
ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÊóÍóÑøóßõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÓóÍóÑõæÇ ÃóÚúíõäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇÓúÊóÑúåóÈõæåõãú¡ æóÃóáúÞóæúÇ ÍöÈóÇáóåõãú æóÚöÕöíøóåõãú æóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó: {ÈöÚöÒøóÉö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÍúäõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 44] . ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóáúÞóæúÇ ÓóÍóÑõæÇ ÃóÚúíõäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇÓúÊóÑúåóÈõæåõãú æóÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÓöÍúÑò ÚóÙöíãò} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 116] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍöÈóÇáõåõãú æóÚöÕöíøõåõãú íõÎóíøóáõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÓöÍúÑöåöãú ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÓúÚóì - ÝóÃóæúÌóÓó Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÎöíÝóÉð ãõæÓóì} [Øå: 66 - 67] Ãóíú; ÎóÇÝó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Ãóäú íóÝúÊóÊöäõæÇ ÈöÓöÍúÑöåöãú æóãöÍóÇáöåöãú ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõáúÞöíó ãóÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÖóÚõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÄúãóÑó¡ ÝóÃóæúÍóì Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÇåöäóÉö: {áóÇ ÊóÎóÝú Åöäøóßó ÃóäúÊó ÇáúÃóÚúáóì - æóÃóáúÞö ãóÇ Ýöí íóãöíäößó ÊóáúÞóÝú ãóÇ ÕóäóÚõæÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÕóäóÚõæÇ ßóíúÏõ ÓóÇÍöÑò æóáóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ ÇáÓøóÇÍöÑõ ÍóíúËõ ÃóÊóì} [Øå: 68 - 69] ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÃóáúÞóì ãõæÓóì ÚóÕóÇåõ æóÞóÇáó: {ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõãú Èöåö ÇáÓøöÍúÑõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíõÈúØöáõåõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÕúáöÍõ Úóãóáó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó - æóíõÍöÞøõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÈößóáöãóÇÊöåö æóáóæú ßóÑöåó ÇáúãõÌúÑöãõæäó} [íæäÓ: 81 - 82]
[íõæäõÓó: 81¡ 82] . æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóáúÞóì ãõæÓóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÊóáúÞóÝõ ãóÇ íóÃúÝößõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 45] . {ÝóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÈóØóáó ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó - ÝóÛõáöÈõæÇ åõäóÇáößó æóÇäúÞóáóÈõæÇ ÕóÇÛöÑöíäó - æóÃõáúÞöíó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÑóÈøö ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 118 - 122]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 118 - 122] . æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ áóãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÃóáúÞóÇåóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú ÍóíøóÉð ÚóÙöíãóÉð ÐóÇÊó ÞóæóÇÆöãó - ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÓøóáóÝö - æóÚõäõÞò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóÔóßúáò åóÇÆöáò ãõÒúÚöÌò¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÇäúÍóÇÒõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóåóÑóÈõæÇ ÓöÑóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÊóÃóÎøóÑõæÇ Úóäú ãóßóÇäöåóÇ æóÃóÞúÈóáóÊú åöíó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóáúÞóæúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍöÈóÇáö æóÇáúÚöÕöíøö¡ ÝóÌóÚóáóÊú ÊóáóÞøóÝóåõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ Ýöí ÃóÓúÑóÚö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö¡(2/74)
æóÇáäøóÇÓõ íóäúÙõÑõæäó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóíóÊóÚóÌøóÈõæäó ãöäúåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúÇ ãóÇ åóÇáóåõãú æóÍóíøóÑóåõãú Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ æóÇØøóáóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÎóáóÏöåöãú æóáóÇ ÈóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ ÊóÍúÊó ÕöäóÇÚóÇÊöåöãú æóÃóÔúÛóÇáöåöãú¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó æóåõäóÇáößó ÊóÍóÞøóÞõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÓöÍúÑò¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÚúÈóÐóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ãöÍóÇáò æóáóÇ ÎóíóÇáò æóáóÇ ÒõæÑò æóáóÇ ÈõåúÊóÇäò æóáóÇ ÖóáóÇáò¡ Èóáú ÍóÞøñ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇáøóÐöí ÇÈúÊóÚóËó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏó Èöåö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóßóÔóÝó Çááøóåõ Úóäú ÞõáõæÈöåöãú ÛöÔóÇæóÉó ÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö¡ æóÃóäóÇÑóåóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÎóáóÞó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÃóÒóÇÍó ÚóäúåóÇ ÇáúÞóÓúæóÉó¡ æóÃóäóÇÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöåöãú¡ æóÎóÑøõæÇ áóåõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÌóåúÑóÉð áöáúÍóÇÖöÑöíäó¡ æóáóãú íóÎúÔóæúÇ ÚõÞõæÈóÉð æóáóÇ Èóáúæóì: ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøö ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó.
ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃõáúÞöíó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÓõÌøóÏðÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøö åóÇÑõæäó æóãõæÓóì - ÞóÇáó ÂãóäúÊõãú áóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÂÐóäó áóßõãú Åöäøóåõ áóßóÈöíÑõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóßõãõ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó ÝóáóÃõÞóØøöÚóäøó ÃóíúÏöíóßõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáóßõãú ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝò æóáóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú Ýöí ÌõÐõæÚö ÇáäøóÎúáö æóáóÊóÚúáóãõäøó ÃóíøõäóÇ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ æóÃóÈúÞóì - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóäú äõÄúËöÑóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäóÇ ÝóÇÞúÖö ãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÞóÇÖò ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÞúÖöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ - ÅöäøóÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøöäóÇ áöíóÛúÝöÑó áóäóÇ ÎóØóÇíóÇäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃóßúÑóåúÊóäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÓøöÍúÑö æóÇááøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÈúÞóì - Åöäøóåõ ãóäú íóÃúÊö ÑóÈøóåõ ãõÌúÑöãðÇ ÝóÅöäøó áóåõ Ìóåóäøóãó áóÇ íóãõæÊõ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ íóÍúíóì - æóãóäú íóÃúÊöåö ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÞóÏú Úóãöáó ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóÇÊö ÝóÃõæáóÆößó áóåõãõ ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÇÊõ ÇáúÚõáóì - ÌóäøóÇÊõ ÚóÏúäò ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ æóÐóáößó ÌóÒóÇÁõ ãóäú ÊóÒóßøóì} [Øå: 70 - 76] ÞóÇáó ÓóÚöíÏõ Èúäõ ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÓöãõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÈóÒøóÉó æóÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõãú: áóãøóÇ ÓóÌóÏó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ¡ ÑóÃóæúÇ ãóäóÇÒöáóåõãú æóÞõÕõæÑóåõãú Ýöí(2/75)
ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÊõåóíøóÃõ áóåõãú¡ æóÊõÒóÎúÑóÝõ áöÞõÏõæãöåöãú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóãú íóáúÊóÝöÊõæÇ Åöáóì Êóåúæöíáö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó¡ æóÊóåúÏöíÏöåö æóæóÚöíÏöåö. æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó áóãøóÇ ÑóÃóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉó ÞóÏú ÃóÓúáóãõæÇ æóÃóÔúåóÑõæÇ ÐößúÑó ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúÌóãöíáóÉö¡ ÃóÝúÒóÚóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÑóÃóì ÃóãúÑðÇ ÈóåóÑóåõ¡ æóÃóÚúãóì ÈóÕöíÑóÊóåõ æóÈóÕóÑóåõ¡ æóßóÇäó Ýöíåö ßóíúÏñ æóãóßúÑñ æóÎöÏóÇÚñ¡ æóÕóäúÚóÉñ ÈóáöíÛóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÏøö Úóäú ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ãõÎóÇØöÈðÇ áöáÓøóÍóÑóÉö ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓö: {ÂãóäúÊõãú áóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÂÐóäó áóßõãú} [Øå: 71] Ãóíú; åóáøóÇ ÔóÇæóÑúÊõãõæäöí ÝöíãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊõãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÝóÙöíÚö ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÑóÚöíøóÊöí. Ëõãøó ÊóåóÏøóÏó æóÊóæóÚøóÏó¡ æóÃóÈúÑóÞó æóÃóÑúÚóÏó¡ æóßóÐóÈó ÝóÃóÈúÚóÏó¡ ÞóÇÆöáðÇ: {Åöäøóåõ áóßóÈöíÑõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóßõãõ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó} [Øå: 71] æóÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: Åöäøó {åóÐóÇ áóãóßúÑñ ãóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áöÊõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 123] . æóåóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈõåúÊóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí íóÚúáóãõ ßõáøõ ÝóÑúÏò ÚóÇÞöáò ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúåóÐóíóÇäö¡ Èóáú áóÇ íóÑõæÌõ ãóËóáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö; ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ßõáøóåõãú¡ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÏóæúáóÊöåö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ íóÚúáóãõæäó Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì áóãú íóÑóåõ åóÄõáóÇÁö íóæúãðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøóåúÑö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóßõæäõ ßóÈöíÑóåõãõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóåõãõ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó¿! Ëõãøó åõæó áóãú íóÌúãóÚúåõãú æóáóÇ Úöáúãó ÈöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì ßóÇäó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóÇåõãú æóÇÌúÊóÈóÇåõãú ãöäú ßõáøö ÝóÌøò ÚóãöíÞò æóæóÇÏò ÓóÍöíÞò¡ æóãöäú ÍóæóÇÖöÑö ÈöáóÇÏö ãöÕúÑó æóÇáúÃóØúÑóÇÝö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÏõäö æóÇáúÃóÑúíóÇÝö.
ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö "(2/76)
{Ëõãøó ÈóÚóËúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãõæÓóì ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö ÝóÙóáóãõæÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÇäó ÚóÇÞöÈóÉõ ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó - æóÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì íóÇ ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ Åöäøöí ÑóÓõæáñ ãöäú ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÍóÞöíÞñ Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÞõæáó Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÞóÏú ÌöÆúÊõßõãú ÈöÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäú ÑóÈøößõãú ÝóÃóÑúÓöáú ãóÚöíó Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó - ÞóÇáó Åöäú ßõäúÊó ÌöÆúÊó ÈöÂíóÉò ÝóÃúÊö ÈöåóÇ Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó - ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ËõÚúÈóÇäñ ãõÈöíäñ - æóäóÒóÚó íóÏóåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÈóíúÖóÇÁõ áöáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÇáúãóáóÃõ ãöäú Þóæúãö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÓóÇÍöÑñ Úóáöíãñ - íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖößõãú ÝóãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÑúÌöåú æóÃóÎóÇåõ æóÃóÑúÓöáú Ýöí ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö ÍóÇÔöÑöíäó - íóÃúÊõæßó Èößõáö ÓóÇÍöÑò Úóáöíãò - æóÌóÇÁó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøó áóäóÇ áóÃóÌúÑðÇ Åöäú ßõäøóÇ äóÍúäõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈöíäó - ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú æóÅöäøóßõãú áóãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ íóÇ ãõæÓóì ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõáúÞöíó æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú äóßõæäó äóÍúäõ ÇáúãõáúÞöíäó - ÞóÇáó ÃóáúÞõæÇ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóáúÞóæúÇ ÓóÍóÑõæÇ ÃóÚúíõäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇÓúÊóÑúåóÈõæåõãú æóÌóÇÁõæÇ ÈöÓöÍúÑò ÚóÙöíãò - æóÃóæúÍóíúäóÇ Åöáóì ãõæÓóì Ãóäú ÃóáúÞö ÚóÕóÇßó ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÊóáúÞóÝõ ãóÇ íóÃúÝößõæäó - ÝóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÍóÞøõ æóÈóØóáó ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúãóáõæäó - ÝóÛõáöÈõæÇ åõäóÇáößó æóÇäúÞóáóÈõæÇ ÕóÇÛöÑöíäó - æóÃõáúÞöíó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÑóÈøö ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó - ÞóÇáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÂãóäúÊõãú Èöåö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÂÐóäó áóßõãú Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãóßúÑñ ãóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áöÊõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó - áóÃõÞóØøöÚóäøó ÃóíúÏöíóßõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáóßõãú ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝò Ëõãøó áóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãõäúÞóáöÈõæäó - æóãóÇ ÊóäúÞöãõ ãöäøóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÂíóÇÊö ÑóÈøöäóÇ áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊúäóÇ ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÃóÝúÑöÛú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÕóÈúÑðÇ æóÊóæóÝøóäóÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 103 - 126]
[ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: 103 - 126] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " íõæäõÓó ":(2/77)
{Ëõãøó ÈóÚóËúäóÇ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó Åöáóì ÝöÑúÚóæúäó æóãóáóÆöåö ÈöÂíóÇÊöäóÇ ÝóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑõæÇ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ãõÌúÑöãöíäó - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõãõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏöäóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÓöÍúÑñ ãõÈöíäñ - ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì ÃóÊóÞõæáõæäó áöáúÍóÞøö áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÃóÓöÍúÑñ åóÐóÇ æóáóÇ íõÝúáöÍõ ÇáÓøóÇÍöÑõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÌöÆúÊóäóÇ áöÊóáúÝöÊóäóÇ ÚóãøóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÂÈóÇÁóäóÇ æóÊóßõæäó áóßõãóÇ ÇáúßöÈúÑöíóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ áóßõãóÇ ÈöãõÄúãöäöíäó - æóÞóÇáó ÝöÑúÚóæúäõ ÇÆúÊõæäöí Èößõáøö ÓóÇÍöÑò Úóáöíãò - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ãõæÓóì ÃóáúÞõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ãõáúÞõæäó - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóáúÞóæúÇ ÞóÇáó ãõæÓóì ãóÇ ÌöÆúÊõãú Èöåö ÇáÓøöÍúÑõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÓóíõÈúØöáõåõ Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõÕúáöÍõ Úóãóáó ÇáúãõÝúÓöÏöíäó - æóíõÍöÞøõ Çááøóåõ ÇáúÍóÞøó ÈößóáöãóÇÊöåö æóáóæú ßóÑöåó ÇáúãõÌúÑöãõæäó} [íæäÓ: 75 - 82]
[íõæäõÓó: 75 - 82] .
æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö " ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö " {ÞóÇáó áóÆöäö ÇÊøóÎóÐúÊó ÅöáóåðÇ ÛóíúÑöí áóÃóÌúÚóáóäøóßó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÌõæäöíäó - ÞóÇáó Ãóæóáóæú ÌöÆúÊõßó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãõÈöíäò - ÞóÇáó ÝóÃúÊö Èöåö Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞöíäó - ÝóÃóáúÞóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ËõÚúÈóÇäñ ãõÈöíäñ - æóäóÒóÚó íóÏóåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÈóíúÖóÇÁõ áöáäøóÇÙöÑöíäó - ÞóÇáó áöáúãóáóÃö Íóæúáóåõ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÓóÇÍöÑñ Úóáöíãñ - íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íõÎúÑöÌóßõãú ãöäú ÃóÑúÖößõãú ÈöÓöÍúÑöåö ÝóãóÇÐóÇ ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÑúÌöåú æóÃóÎóÇåõ æóÇÈúÚóËú Ýöí ÇáúãóÏóÇÆöäö ÍóÇÔöÑöíäó - íóÃúÊõæßó Èößõáøö ÓóÍøóÇÑò Úóáöíãò - ÝóÌõãöÚó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ áöãöíÞóÇÊö íóæúãò ãóÚúáõæãò - æóÞöíáó áöáäøóÇÓö åóáú ÃóäúÊõãú ãõÌúÊóãöÚõæäó - áóÚóáøóäóÇ äóÊøóÈöÚõ ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉó Åöäú ßóÇäõæÇ åõãõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈöíäó - ÝóáóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÞóÇáõæÇ áöÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÃóÆöäøó áóäóÇ áóÃóÌúÑðÇ Åöäú ßõäøóÇ äóÍúäõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈöíäó - ÞóÇáó äóÚóãú æóÅöäøóßõãú ÅöÐðÇ áóãöäó ÇáúãõÞóÑøóÈöíäó - ÞóÇáó áóåõãú ãõæÓóì ÃóáúÞõæÇ ãóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú ãõáúÞõæäó - ÝóÃóáúÞóæúÇ ÍöÈóÇáóåõãú æóÚöÕöíøóåõãú æóÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÚöÒøóÉö ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÅöäøóÇ áóäóÍúäõ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõæäó - ÝóÃóáúÞóì ãõæÓóì ÚóÕóÇåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ åöíó ÊóáúÞóÝõ ãóÇ íóÃúÝößõæäó - ÝóÃõáúÞöíó ÇáÓøóÍóÑóÉõ ÓóÇÌöÏöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó - ÑóÈøö ãõæÓóì æóåóÇÑõæäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 29 - 48] ÞóÇáó {ÂãóäúÊõãú áóåõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú ÂÐóäó áóßõãú Åöäøóåõ áóßóÈöíÑõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóßõãõ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó ÝóáóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó áóÃõÞóØøöÚóäøó ÃóíúÏöíóßõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáóßõãú ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝò æóáóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóÇ ÖóíúÑó ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãõäúÞóáöÈõæäó - ÅöäøóÇ äóØúãóÚõ Ãóäú íóÛúÝöÑó áóäóÇ ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÎóØóÇíóÇäóÇ Ãóäú ßõäøóÇ Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 49 - 51]
[ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö: 29 - 51] .(2/78)
æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóäøó ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ßóÐøóÈó æóÇÝúÊóÑóì¡ æóßóÝóÑó ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {Åöäøóåõ áóßóÈöíÑõßõãõ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãóßõãõ ÇáÓøöÍúÑó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 49] æóÃóÊóì ÈöÈõåúÊóÇäò íóÚúáóãõåõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãõæäó¡ Èóáö ÇáúÚóÇáóãõæäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóãóßúÑñ ãóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö áöÊõÎúÑöÌõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóåúáóåóÇ ÝóÓóæúÝó ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} [ÇáÃÚÑÇÝ: 123] æóÞóæúáõåõ: {áóÃõÞóØøöÚóäøó ÃóíúÏöíóßõãú æóÃóÑúÌõáóßõãú ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝò} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 49] íóÚúäöí: íóÞúØóÚõ ÇáúíóÏó Çáúíõãúäóì æóÇáÑøöÌúáó ÇáúíõÓúÑóì æóÚóßúÓóåõ¡ {æóáóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 49] Ãóíú; áóíóÌúÚóáõåõãú ãóËõáóÉð æóäóßóÇáðÇ; áöÆóáøóÇ íóÞúÊóÏöíó Èöåöãú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö æóÃóåúáö ãöáøóÊöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: {æóáóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú Ýöí ÌõÐõæÚö ÇáäøóÎúáö} [Øå: 71] Ãóíú; Úóáóì ÌõÐõæÚö ÇáäøóÎúáö; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÚúáóì æóÃóÔúåóÑõ {æóáóÊóÚúáóãõäøó ÃóíøõäóÇ ÃóÔóÏøõ ÚóÐóÇÈðÇ æóÃóÈúÞóì} [Øå: 71] íóÚúäöí: Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÞóÇáõæÇ {áóäú äõÄúËöÑóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö} [Øå: 72] Ãóíú; áóäú äõØöíÚóßó æóäóÊúÑõßó ãóÇ æóÞóÑó Ýöí ÞõáõæÈöäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö¡ æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÇÊö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÝóØóÑóäóÇ Þöíáó: ãóÚúØõæÝñ. æóÞöíáó: ÞóÓóãñ {ÝóÇÞúÖö ãóÇ ÃóäúÊó ÞóÇÖò} [Øå: 72] Ãóíú; ÝóÇÝúÚóáú ãóÇ ÞóÏóÑúÊó Úóáóíúåö {ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÞúÖöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉó ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ} [Øå: 72] Ãóíú; ÅöäøóãóÇ Íõßúãõßó ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÊóÞóáúäóÇ ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÕöÑúäóÇ Åöáóì Íõßúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÓúáóãúäóÇ áóåõ æóÇÊøóÈóÚúäóÇ ÑõÓõáóåõ {ÅöäøóÇ ÂãóäøóÇ ÈöÑóÈøöäóÇ áöíóÛúÝöÑó áóäóÇ ÎóØóÇíóÇäóÇ æóãóÇ ÃóßúÑóåúÊóäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáÓøöÍúÑö æóÇááøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ æóÃóÈúÞóì} [Øå: 73] . Ãóíú; æóËóæóÇÈõåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöãøóÇ æóÚóÏóÊúäóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑúÛöíÈö¡ æóÃóÈúÞóì Ãóíú; æóÃóÏúæóãõ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÝóÇäöíóÉö. æóÝöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì: ÞóÇáõæÇ {áóÇ ÖóíúÑó ÅöäøóÇ Åöáóì ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãõäúÞóáöÈõæäó - ÅöäøóÇ äóØúãóÚõ Ãóäú íóÛúÝöÑó áóäóÇ ÑóÈøõäóÇ ÎóØóÇíóÇäóÇ} [ÇáÔÚÑÇÁ: 50 - 51](2/79)