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ÈöÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö
ÇáúÍóãúÏõ áöáøóåö ÎóÇáöÞö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö æóãõÏóÈøöÑöåóÇ¡ æóãõÒóíøöäöåóÇ¡ ÈöÇáÔøõåõÈö ÇáËøóÇÞöÈóÉö æóãõäöíÑöåóÇ¡ æóÌóÇÚöáö ÍóÑóßóÇÊö ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö ÏóÇáøóÉð Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúßóÇÆöäóÇÊö æóÊóÏúÈöíÑöåóÇ (1) ¡ æóãõÙúåöÑö Íößóãóåõ Ýöí ÅöÈúÏóÇÚöåö áöÃóäúæóÇÚö ãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö æóÊóÕúæöíÑöåóÇ¡ ÇáúãõÊóÝóÖøöáö ÈöÓóæóÇÈöÛö ÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãö ÞóáöíáöåóÇ æóßóËöíÑöåóÇ. ÇáúÚóÇÏöáö ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÖóÇåõ æóÃóãúÖóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóÊóÞúÏöíÑöåóÇ. ÇáøóÐöí ÔóÑøóÝó äóæúÚó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö ÇáúåóÇÏöí Åöáóì ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÊóÍúÑöíÑöåóÇ. æóÃóåøóáó ÎóÇÕøóÉó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö áöÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÏóÇÑößöåóÇ æóÊóÞúÑöíÑöåóÇ (2) ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøóÊú ÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÙóåóÑóÊú ÍößúãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÌóãúÚöåóÇ æóÊóÍúÈöíÑöåóÇ.
æóÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ ÔóÑöíßó áóåõ¡ ÔóåóÇÏóÉð ãõäúÌöíóÉð ãöäú ÕóÛöíÑö ÇáúãõæÈöÞóÇÊö æóßóÈöíÑöåóÇ. æóÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÚóÈúÏõåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÒóÇáó - ÈöæóÇÖöÍö ÈõÑúåóÇäöåö - æóÃóÒóÇÍó - ÈöÕóÇÏöÞö ÈóíóÇäöåö - ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäú ÔõÈóåö ÇáúãõáúÍöÏóÉö æóÊóÒúæöíÑöåóÇ. Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì Âáöåö æóÕóÍóÇÈóÊöåö ÇáúãõÄóÇÒöÑöíäó áóåõ Ýöí ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÏóÚóæúÊöåö ÈöÍóÏøöåóÇ æóÊóÔúãöíÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ¡ æóÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉõ æóÓóÇÆöáó ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó¡ æóãóäóÇØó ãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÃóÌóáøó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÞóÏúÑðÇ æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÔóÑóÝðÇ æóÐößúÑðÇ ; áöãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÔö æóÇáúãóÚóÇÏö¡ ßóÇäóÊú Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáöÇáúÊöÝóÇÊö ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÃóÌúÏóÑó ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóÍóíúËõ ßóÇäó áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑöåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ãóÓóÇáößöåóÇ æóáóÇ ãóØúãóÚó Ýöí ÇÞúÊöäóÇÕöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊò Åöáóì ãóÏóÇÑößöåóÇ¡ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúáóÇÒöãóÇÊö æóÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÍúËõ Ýöí ÃóÛúæóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúßóÔúÝõ Úóäú ÃóÓúÑóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉõ ÈöãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÈöãóÈóÇäöíåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÐóáøóáó (3) ØõÑõÞõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑö¡ æóíóäúÞóÇÏó ÌõãõæÍõ ÛóÇãöÖö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑöº æóáöÐóáößó ßóËõÑó ÊóÏúÂÈöí (4) ¡ æóØóÇáó ÇÛúÊöÑóÇÈöí Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÝóæóÇÆöÏöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÝóÑóÇÆöÏöåóÇ ãöäú
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(1) ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò
(2) ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑöåóÇ
(3) Ãóíö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáöíøóÉö
(4) ãõÖóÇÑöÚñ ÍõÐöÝó ãöäúåõ ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÊøóÇÁóíúäö(1/3)
ãõÈóÇÍóËóÇÊö ÇáúÝõÖóáóÇÁö¡ æóãõØóÇÑóÍóÇÊö ÇáäøõÈóáóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì áóÇäó ãöäú ãóÚúÑóßöåóÇ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊõÕúÚöÈó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÏóÑøöÈöíäó¡ æóÙóåóÑó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÎóÝöíó Úóáóì ÍõÐøóÇÞö ÇáúãõÊóÈóÍøöÑöíäó¡ æóÃóÍóØúÊõ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöáõÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÇÍúÊóæóíúÊõ ãöäú ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÌóÈö ÇáúÚõÌóÇÈö¡ ÝóÃóÍúÈóÈúÊõ Ãóäú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÝöíåóÇ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÍóÇæöíðÇ áöÌóãöíÚö ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö. ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì Íóáøö ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ãöäú ÛóæóÇãöÖöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÚõÞõæáö¡ ãõÊóÌóäøöÈðÇ áöáúÅöÓúåóÇÈö æóÛóËøö ÇáúÅöØúäóÇÈö¡ ãõãöíØðÇ áöáúÞöÔúÑö Úóäö ÇááøõÈóÇÈö ÎöÏúãóÉð (1) áöãóæúáóÇäóÇ ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö Çáúãóáößö ÇáúãõÚóÙøóãö ÇáúãõßóÑøóãö ; ÓõáúØóÇäö ÇáúÃóÌúæóÇÏö æóÇáúÃóãúÌóÇÏö¡ ÃóÌóáøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ æóÃóÝúÖóáö ãóäú ÊóãúÊóÏøõ Åöáóíúåö ÃóÚúäóÇÞõ Çáúåöãóãö æóÇáúÚóÒóÇÆöãö¡ ãóáößö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö¡ äóÇÞöÏö ÎóáóÇÕö ÇáúÃóÝóÇÖöáö¡ ÈóÇÚöËö ÃóãúæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóæóÇØöÑö¡ äóÇÔöÑö ÑõÝóÇÊö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÏøóæóÇËöÑö ÈöãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÖóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÇÒó ÈöåóÇ ÞóÕóÈó ÓóÈúÞö ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ æóÇáúãóäóÇÞöÈö ÇáøóÊöí íóÞöÝõ Ïõæäó ÅöÍúÕóÇÆöåóÇ ÚóÏøõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöÑöíäó. ÝóÈöíóÏöåö ÒöãóÇãõåóÇ¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÍóáøõåóÇ æóÅöÈúÑóÇãõåóÇ¡ æóÈöåö ßóÔúÝõ ÃóÛúæóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóíúÒõ Èóíúäó ÙõáúãöåóÇ æóÃóäúæóÇÑöåóÇ (2) ÃóÏóÇãó Çááøóåõ ÓóÚóÇÏóÊóåõ ÅöÏóÇãóÉð áóÇ ÊóÛúÑõÈõ ØóæóÇáöÚõåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÖõÈõ ãóÔóÇÑöÚõåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ Ýöí ÖóÑúÈö ÇáúãöËóÇáö ßóÍóÇãöáö ÊóãúÑò Åöáóì åóÌóÑó Ãóæú Øóáøò Åöáóì ãóØóÑò¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÃóÞúÕóì ÏóÑóÌóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÏúÑö¡ æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóäóÇáö ÃóÝúßóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÔóÑö (3) æóÃóÑúÌõæ Ãóäú íõÕóÇÏöÝó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáó¡ æóÃóäú íóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÛúÖóÇÁõ ÚóãøóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö æóÇáÐøõåõæáö.
(æóÓóãøóíúÊõåõ ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö)
æóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóÊúåõ ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚö ÞóæóÇÚöÏó:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÝúåõæãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóãóÈóÇÏöíåö.
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(1) áóæú ÃóáøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈóåõ ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁó ãóÑúÖóÇÉö Çááøóåö æóÎöÏúãóÉð áöÏöíäöåö¡ æóÑóÌóÇ ãöäúåõ ÞóÈõæáóåõ æóÇáúãóËõæÈóÉó ãöäúåõ áóßóÇäó ÎóíúÑðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏøóãóåõ áöáÓøõáúØóÇäö ÅöÚúÙóÇãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóãóäú íóßúÊõÈõ áöÊóáóÇãöíÐöåö ÊóÚúáöíãðÇ áóåõãú æóÊóíúÓöíÑðÇ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö ÈóÚúÏõ " æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõ Ýöí ÖóÑúÈö ÇáúãöËóÇáö ßóÍóÇãöáö ÊóãúÑò Åöáóì åóÌóÑó Ãóæú Øóáøò Åöáóì ãóØóÑò ".
(2) Ýöí ËóäóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÇáÓøõáúØóÇäö ÅöØúÑóÇÁñ áóÇ ÊõÞöÑøõåõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÈúÊõáöíóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ýöí ÚõÕõæÑö ÖóÚúÝö ÇáÏøóæúáóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇÑúÊöãóÇÁö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóÍúÖóÇäö ÇáúÍõßøóÇãö.
(3) Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöØúÑóÇÁñ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÒóåúæñ æóÅöÚúÌóÇÈñ ÈöÊóÃúáöíÝöåö æóÇÏøöÚóÇÁñ áöãóÇ íõßóÐøöÈõåõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ(1/4)
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäú áóæóÇÒöãöåö æóÃóÍúßóÇãöåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ æóÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöíäó æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÝúÊöíäó.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ýöí ÊóÑúÌöíÍóÇÊö ØõÑõÞö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÇÊö.
Çááøóåõãøó ÝóíóÓøöÑú ÎöÊóÇãóåõ¡ æóÓóåøöáú ÅöÊúãóÇãóåõ¡ æóÈóÕøöÑúäóÇ ÈöÓõáõæßö ãóÓóÇáößö ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ æóÌóäøöÈúäóÇ ÈöÑóÍúãóÊößö Úóäú ØõÑõÞö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÛöíäó¡ æóÓóáøöãúäóÇ ãöäú ÛóæóÇÆöáö ÇáúÈöÏóÚö. æóÇÞúØóÚú ÚóäøóÇ ÚóáóÇÆöÞó ÇáØøóãóÚö. æóÂãøöäøóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÎóæúÝö æóÇáúÌóÒóÚö. Åöäøóßó ãóáóÇÐõ ÇáúÞóÇÕöÏöíäó¡ æóßóåúÝõ (1) ÇáÑøóÇÛöÈöíäó.
[ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÝúåõæãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æãóæúÖõæÚöåö æóÛóÇíóÊöåö æóãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏõåõ]
ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÝúåõæãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÊóÚúÑöíÝö ãóæúÖõæÚöåö æóÛóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäúåõ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáöåö¡ æóãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏõåõ æóÊóÕúæöíÑõ ãóÈóÇÏöíåö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÓóÈúÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóæúÖö Ýöíåö.
ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú ÍóÇæóáó ÊóÍúÕöíáó Úöáúãò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö Ãóäú íóÊóÕóæøóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÏøö Ãóæö ÇáÑøóÓúãöº áöíóßõæäó Úóáóì ÈóÕöíÑóÉò ÝöíãóÇ íóØúáõÈõåõ¡ æóÃóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ãóæúÖõæÚóåõ - æóåõæó ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÈúÍóËõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÖóÉö áóåõ - ÊóãúíöíÒðÇ áóåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏóÉõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÕöíáöåöº ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóßõæäó ÓóÚúíõåõ ÚóÈóËðÇ¡ æóãóÇ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÈóÍúËõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóÓóÇÆöáõåõ áöÊóÕóæøõÑö ØóáóÈöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏõåõ áöÕöÍøóÉö ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö ÚöäúÏó Ñóæúãö ÊóÍúÞöíÞöåö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäú íóÊóÕóæøóÑó ãóÈóÇÏöíóåõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÓóÈúÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ Ýöíåö áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÈöäóÇÁö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ãóÝúåõæãõ ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö " ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö " Þóæúáñ ãõÄóáøóÝò ãöäú ãõÖóÇÝò åõæó ÇáúÃõÕõæáõ¡ æóãõÖóÇÝò Åöáóíúåö åõæó ÇáúÝöÞúåõ¡ æóáóäú äóÚúÑöÝó ÇáúãõÖóÇÝó ÞóÈúáó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúãõÖóÇÝö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÌóÑóãó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÃóæøóáðÇ Ëõãøó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ËóÇäöíðÇ.
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(1) áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÛóæúËõ ÇááøóÇÌöÆöíäó áóßóÇäó ÃóÑúÚóì áöáúÃóÏóÈö ãóÚó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäú æóÍúÔóÉö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ.(1/5)
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝöÞúåõ: ÝóÝöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÝóåúãö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ äóÝúÞóåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÞõæáõ} Ãóíú áóÇ äóÝúåóãõ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÊóÝúÞóåõæäó ÊóÓúÈöíÍóåõãú} Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÝúåóãõæäó¡ æóÊóÞõæáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ: ÝóÞöåúÊõ ßóáóÇãóßó¡ Ãóíú ÝóåöãúÊõåõ.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóåúãó ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áöáúÚöáúãö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÝóåúãõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÌóæúÏóÉö ÇáÐøöåúäö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÊóåúíöÆóÊöåö áöÇÞúÊöäóÇÕö ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúãóØóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝõ Èöåö ÚóÇáöãðÇ ßóÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÇáúÝóØöäö. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ Úóäú ÞóÑöíÈò. æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóßõáøõ ÚóÇáöãò Ýóåöãñ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ Ýóåöãò ÚóÇáöãðÇ.
æóÝöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÑøöÚöíäó: ÇáúÝöÞúåõ ãóÎúÕõæÕñ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ÈöÌõãúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚöíøóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö.
ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÊõÌõæøöÒó ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÝöÞúåö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÝöÞúåðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÝöÞúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöåóÇ Ãóæö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÇáúÞóØúÚöíøö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÙóäøöíøóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: " ÈöÌõãúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö " ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóæö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ÝöÞúåðÇ.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú äóÞõáú ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó íõÔúÚöÑõ Èößóæúäö ÇáúÝöÞúåö åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó ÝöÞúåðÇ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ÚóãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ ßóÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáúÝõÑõæÚöíøóÉõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èößóæúäö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÍõÌóÌðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÝöÞúåðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ ÍõßúãðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ äóÙóÑöíøðÇ áößóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ÝõÑõæÚöíøò.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÚöáúãö ÌöÈúÑöíáó æóÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Úöáúãóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöÞúåðÇ Ýöí(1/6)
ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ØóÑöíÞõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö. (1) æóÃóãøóÇ ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö: ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÃóÕúáó ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò åõæó ãóÇ íóÓúÊóäöÏõ ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö Åöáóíúåö.
ÝóÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö åöíó ÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÌöåóÇÊõ ÏóáóÇáóÇÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉõ ÍóÇáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö (2) áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáóÉö Ýöí ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóæúÖõæÚõ ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóæúÖõæÚó ßõáøö Úöáúãò åõæó ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÈúÍóËõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóäú ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÖóÉö áöÐóÇÊöåö.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÈóÇÍöËõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö áóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãõæóÕøöáóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÈúÍõæËö ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöíåö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåóÇ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóÑóÇÊöÈöåóÇ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÚóäúåóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåò ßõáøöíøò (3) ßóÇäóÊú åöíó ãóæúÖõæÚó Úöáúãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóÇíóÉõ Úöáúãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ ÝóÇáúæõÕõæáõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóäóÇØõ ÇáÓøóÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáÏøõäúíóæöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÓóÇÆöáõåõ¡ Ýóåöíó ÃóÍúæóÇáõ ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãóÈúÍõæËö ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöíåö ãöãøóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏõåõ¡ ÝóÚöáúãõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ ÝóáöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èößóæúäö ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãõÝöíÏóÉð áóåóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ Úóáóì
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(1) ÃõæáöÚó ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ÈöÇáÊøóÚóÇÑöíÝö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøóÝóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæÑöËõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉó ÛõãõæÖðÇ æóÇáúÞóÇÑöÆó áóåóÇ ÍóíúÑóÉð¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÝöÞúåö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÊóÑóÇåõãú íóÍúÊóÇÌõæäó Åöáóì ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑóÒóÇÊö æóíõßúËöÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ æóáóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íóÎúáõÕõ áóåõãú ÊóÚúÑöíÝñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐö æóÇáÑøóÏøö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ ÃóÕúÏóÞõ ÔóÇåöÏò.
(2) ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö
(3) ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåóÇ áóÇ Åöáóì ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåóÇ(1/7)
ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ æóÕöÏúÞö ÑóÓõæáöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Úöáúãõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáöÊóæóÞøõÝö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÃóÞúæóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊöåóÇ áõÛóÉð ãöäú ÌöåóÉö: ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ æóÇáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóÇáúÎõÕõæÕö¡ æóÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö¡ æóÇáúÍóÐúÝö¡ æóÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúãóäúØõæÞö¡ æóÇáúãóÝúåõæãö¡ æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö¡ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇÁö¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Úöáúãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ¡ Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö (1) áöíóÊóÕóæøóÑó ÇáúÞóÕúÏó Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ æóäóÝúíöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóÊóãóßøóäó ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÅöíÖóÇÍö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÈöÖóÑúÈö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö æóßóËúÑóÉö ÇáÔøóæóÇåöÏö¡ æóíóÊóÃóåøóáõ ÈöÇáúÈóÍúËö ÝöíåóÇ áöáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö.
æóáóÇ äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏóåõ ãöäú æõÌõæÏö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö æóäóÝúíöåóÇ Ýöí ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöåóÉö áóÇ ËóÈúÊó áóåóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÃóÏöáøóÊöåóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ÊóæóÞøóÝóÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöåóÉö ßóÇäó ÏóæúÑðÇ ãõãúÊóäóÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÈóÇÏöÆõåõ¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóÈóÇÏöÆó ßõáøö Úöáúãò åöíó ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊõ æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞóÇÊõ ÇáúãõÓóáøóãóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóåöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÈóÑúåóäóÉò Ýöíåö ; áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ãóÓóÇÆöáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÓóáøóãóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ ßóãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì (2) Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÓóáøóãóÉò Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÕóÇÏóÑóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÊõÈóÑúåóäó Ýöí Úöáúãò ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóãóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¿ ÝóäóÞõæáõ:
ÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏó Úöáúãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú: ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóãóÈóÇÏöÆõåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóáúäóÑúÓöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÈúÏóÃò ÞöÓúãðÇ:
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(1) Ãóíú ãõÊóÕóæøöÑðÇ áöãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ ÈöÐößúÑö ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú äóÈøóåó Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÈóÚúÏõ: æóáóÇ äóÞõæáõ. . . ÅöáóÎú.
(2) Úöáúãö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö(1/8)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö
ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÃõÕõæáõ ÇáúÝöÞúåö åöíó ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÍúæöÌõ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÇäúÞöÓóÇãöåö Åöáóì ãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ãóæö ÇáÙøóäøó¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ ÏóÚóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóì ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ãóÚúäóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ æóÇáÙøóäøõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö æóÇáÊøóÕúæöíÑö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÏøóÇáøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáäøóÇÕöÈõ áöáÏøóáöíáö.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó ÇáÐøóÇßöÑõ áöáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÏóáóÇáóÉñ æóÅöÑúÔóÇÏñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÏóáöíáðÇ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãõæóÕøöáðÇ Åöáóì Úöáúãò Ãóæú Ùóäøò.
æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó íõÝóÑøöÞõæäó Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÃóæúÕóáó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóæúÕóáó Åöáóì ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóíóÎõÕøõæäó ÇÓúãó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÕóáó Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóãóÇÑóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÕóáó Åöáóì ÇáÙøóäøö. (1) æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÍóÏøõåõ Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: Ãóäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÊóæóÕøóáó ÈöÕóÍöíÍö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöíåö Åöáóì ãóØúáõæÈò ÎóÈóÑöíøò.
ÝóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ÚóãøóÇ áóãú íõÊóæóÕøóáú Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Èöåö ãõãúßöäðÇ.
æóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ÚóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÈöäóÙóÑò ÝóÇÓöÏò.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáúãõæóÕøöáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ áöáúÞóÇØöÚö æóÇáÙøóäøöíøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏøõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóØúáõæÈò ÎóÈóÑöíøò¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ: Åöáóì ÚóÞúáöíøñ ãóÍúÖñ¡ æóÓóãúÚöíøñ ãóÍúÖñ¡ æóãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
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(1) æóáóßöäøóåõãú ÚóãóáöíøðÇ íõØúáöÞõæäó ÇÓúãó ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Ùóäøöíøñ Èóáú Úóáóì ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ðóáößó áöãóäú ÊóÊóÈøóÚó ÃóÏöáøóÊóåõãú.(1/9)
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ßóÞóæúáöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö: ÇáúÚóÇáóãõ ãõÄóáøóÝñ¡ æóßõáøõ ãõÄóáøóÝò ÍóÇÏöËñ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚóÇáóãõ ÍóÇÏöËñ. (1) æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ßóÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ßóÞóæúáöäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáäøóÈöíÐö: ÇáäøóÈöíÐõ ãõÓúßöÑñ¡ æóßõáøõ ãõÓúßöÑò ÍóÑóÇãñ - áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ( «ßõáøõ ãõÓúßöÑò ÍóÑóÇãñ» ) - ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíÐõ ÍóÑóÇãñ. (2) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáöÇäúÊöÙóÇÑö¡ æóÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÑøõÄúíóÉö ÈöÇáúÚóíúäö¡ æóÇáÑøóÃúÝóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÍúãóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö¡ æóÇáÊøóÝóßøõÑö¡ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÍóÏøöåö: " åõæó ÇáúÝößúÑõ ÇáøóÐöí íóØúáõÈõ Èöåö ãóäú ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÚöáúãðÇ Ãóæú ÙóäøðÇ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÑóÒó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " íóØúáõÈõ Èöåö " Úóäö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ íóØúáõÈõ ÈöåóÇ Ðóáößó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóäú ÞóÇãóÊú Èöåö íóØúáõÈõåõ¡ æóÞóÕóÏó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (ÚöáúãðÇ Ãóæú ÙóäøðÇ) ÇáÊøóÚúãöíãó áöáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÙøóäøö ; áöíóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÏøõ ÌóÇãöÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ¡ ÛóíúÑõ Ãóäøóåõ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÚóÈøóÑó Úóäúåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÑóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì áóÇ íóÊøóÌöåõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊö ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóÊøóÌöåõ Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí (ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö) æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö Ýöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÙøóäøö. . ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈóÉõ áöáúãóØúáõæÈö ÈöÊóÃúáöíÝò ÎóÇÕøò ÞóÕúÏðÇ áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ áöáäøóÙóÑö ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäö áöáÊøóÕóæøõÑö æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇØöÚö æóÇáÙøóäøöíøö.
æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÝó ÇáäøóÇÙöÑõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì ãóÇ ßóÊóÈóåõ ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö " æóÃóæøóáö ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö áöÕóÍöíÍö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö " ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÊóì ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉõ æóÅöÈóÇäóÉõ ÇáúÍóÞøö
(2) ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ßóæúäöåö ãõÓúßöÑðÇ ÈöÇáúÍöÓøö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö. æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÊóÍúÑöíãöåö ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö.(1/10)
Ýóíóßõæäõ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Ýóíóßõæäõ ÝóÇÓöÏðÇ. æóÔóÑúØõ æõÌõæÏöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ: ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö ãöäó Çáäøóæúãö æóÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÊö¡ æóÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÈóíóÇäõ ØóÑöíÞö ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö æóÇáúãöËóÇáö ßóÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÓóÏöíÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉó Åöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöÊóãúíöíÒöåö ÚóãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ ÝóáóíúÓóÊú ãõÚóÑøöÝóÉð áóåõ¡ æóÅöäøó ßóÇäóÊú ãõãóíøöÒóÉð áóåõ ÚóãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö ÈöÇáÑøóÓúãö Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ ÛóíúÑõ äóÙóÑöíøò ; áöÃóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ Óöæóì ÇáúÚöáúãö áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö¡ Ýóáóæú Úõáöãó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÛóíúÑö ßóÇäó ÏóæúÑðǺ æóáöÃóäøó ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò íóÚúáóãõ æõÌõæÏó äóÝúÓöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉð¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÊóÕóæøõÑóÇÊö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÝóßóÇäó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÓóÏöíÏò. ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÌöåóÉó ÊóæóÞøõÝö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÅöÏúÑóÇßðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÊóæóÞøõÝõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÛóíúÑö áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäö Ðóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÅöÏúÑóÇßðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÕöÝóÉð ãõãóíøöÒóÉð áóåõ ÚóãøóÇ ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝö ÝóáóÇ ÏóæúÑó. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýóåõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÊóÕóæøõÑóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉó áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉð¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉó åöíó ÇáøóÊöí íõÕóÏøöÞõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÕóæøõÑö ãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóæóÞøõÝò ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊö Úóáóì äóÙóÑò æóÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáò¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉð Ãóæú äóÙóÑöíøóÉð.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Óóáóßó Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏó¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóßóÑó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍõÏõæÏó ßóËöíÑóÉð ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí (ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö) æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: (ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÕöÝóÉò íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ áöäóÝúÓö ÇáúãõÊøóÕöÝö ÈöåóÇ ÇáÊøóãúíöíÒõ Èóíúäó ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÍõÕõæáðÇ áóÇ íóÊóØóÑøóÞõ Åöáóíúåö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ äóÞöíÖöåö) .
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÕöÝóÉò) ßóÇáúÌöäúÓö áóåõ æóáöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö¡ æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáÊøóãóíøõÒõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóíóÇÉö. æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (Èóíúäó ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö(1/11)
ÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßóÇÊö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõãóíøöÒõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáóßúäóÇ ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßóÇÊö äóæúÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ áóãú äóÍúÊóÌú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÇÊö.
æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ÞóÏöíãò (1) áóÇ Ãóæøóáó áöæõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóÅöáóì ÍóÇÏöËò ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóÏóãö¡ æóÇáúÍóÇÏöËõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì: ÖóÑõæÑöíøò¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöËõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÉó áöáúãõßóáøóÝö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö ÈöäóÙóÑò æóÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáò¡ ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöËõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì. (2) ¡ æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (áóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÉó áöáúãõßóáøóÝö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö ÈöäóÙóÑò æóÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáò) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøö¡ æóÇáäøóÙóÑöíøõ åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÖóãøóäóåõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøõ ÝóÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÊóÑóÌøõÍö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÞóØúÚö.
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(1) æóÕúÝõ Úöáúãö Çááøóåö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáúÞöÏóãö áóãú íóÑöÏú Ýöí äõÕõæÕö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóåõæó íõæåöãõ äóÞúÕðÇ.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí íóÊóÌóÏøóÏõ ÚöäúÏó æõÞõæÚö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÊóÚóáøõÞõ Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÈöæõÞõæÚö Ðóáößó áóÇ äóÝúÓõ Úöáúãö Çááøóåö. æóÞóÏú íõÓóãøöíåõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÊóÚóáøõÞðÇ ÊóäúÌöíÒöíøðÇ ÍóÇÏöËðÇ. æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÚúáóãõ ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÞóÈúáó æõÞõæÚöåóÇ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÓóÊóÞóÚõ áóÇ æóÇÞöÚóÉñ¡ æóíóÚúáóãõåóÇ ÚöäúÏó æõÞõæÚöåóÇ æóÇÞöÚóÉð.(1/12)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö]
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚöåö]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö
ßõäøóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÌúåó ÇÓúÊöãúÏóÇÏö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãöäó ÇááøõÛóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúãóÃúÎõæÐóÉö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóáúäõÞóÏøöãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãõÞóÏøöãóÉð ÝóäóÞõæáõ:
ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó äóæúÚõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÃóÔúÑóÝó ãóæúÌõæÏò Ýöí ÚóÇáóãö ÇáÓøõÝúáöíøóÇÊö ; áößóæúäöåö ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÌóáøõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÇÊö æóÃóÓúäóì ÇáúãóÑúÛõæÈóÇÊö¡ ÈöãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö ÅöÏúÑóÇßõ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúãóíúÒõ Èóíúäó ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö: ( «ßõäúÊõ ßóäúÒðÇ áóãú ÃõÚúÑóÝú¡ ÝóÎóáóÞúÊõ ÎóáúÞðÇ áöÃõÚúÑóÝó Èöåö» . (1) æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ Ïõæäó ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöÏóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö¡ ÇáúãõÊóæóÓøóáö ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì ãóØúáõæÈóÇÊöåö æóÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÍóÇÌóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò áóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöáøõ ÈöÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÚóÇÑöÝöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóÍúÏóåõ Ïõæäó ãõÚöíäò æóãõÓóÇÚöÏò áóåõ ãöäú äóæúÚöåö¡ ÏóÚóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóì äóÕúÈö ÏóáóÇÆöáò íóÊóæóÕøóáõ ÈöåóÇ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ÖóãöíÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö ÇáúãõÚöíäóÉö áóåõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÛóÑóÖöåö¡ æóÃóÎóÝøõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóÎóÝøõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÂáóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÏóæóÇÊö æóáóÇ Ýöíåö ÖóÑóÑó ÇáöÇÒúÏöÍóÇãö æóáóÇ ÈóÞóÇÁó áóåõ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁö Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÞúÏõæÑñ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÔóÞøóÉò æóáóÇ äóÕúÈò¡ æóÐóáößó åõæó ãóÇ íóÊóÑóßøóÈõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇØöÚö ÇáÕøóæúÊöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÎõÕøó ÈöåóÇ äóæúÚõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ïõæäó ÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÚöäóÇíóÉð ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Èöåö.
æóãöäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÊóÑúßöíÈóÇÊö ÇáúãóÞóÇØöÚö ÇáÕøóæúÊöíøóÉö ÍóÏóËóÊö ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉõ.
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóáóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ áóåõ ÓóäóÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ æóáóÇ ÖóÚöíÝñ.(1/13)
æóåöíó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉð áöãóÚúäðì¡ Ãóæú åöíó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉñ.
æóÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõåúãóáñ áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó Èöåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÇáäøóÙóÑó Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚöåö¡ æóÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö æóÖúÚöåö æóØóÑöíÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇäö ÃóÕúáóÇäö áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝöíåöãóÇ.
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÃóäúæóÇÚöåö æóåöíó äóæúÚóÇäö
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáÏøóÇáøõ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ Ãóæú ãõÑóßøóÈðÇ.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ýöí ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö¡ æóÝöíåö ÓöÊøóÉõ ÝõÕõæáò.
[Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáÏøóÇáøõ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ]
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö
ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ Ýóåõæó ãóÇ Ïóáøó ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì¡ æóáóÇ ÌõÒúÁó áóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÃóÕúáðÇ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó (Åöäú) ãöäú ÞóæúáöäóÇ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ¡ æóÅöäú ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÇáÔøõÑúØöíøóÉö ÝóáóíúÓóÊú ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ æóÍóíúËõ ßóÇäóÊú ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áóãú Êóßõäú ÔóÑúØöíøóÉð ; áöÃóäøó ÏóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö áóíúÓóÊú áöÐóæóÇÊöåóÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóäóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãó ÍóíúËõ ÌóÚóáó (Åöäú) ÔóÑúØöíøóÉð áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÌóÚúáóåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÔóÑúØöíøóÉò¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Åöäú ÌõÚöáó ÚóáóãðÇ Úóáóì ÔóÎúÕò ßóÇäó ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÕöÏó Èöåö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉó Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÚõÈõæÏöíøóÉö ßóÇäó ãõÑóßøóÈðÇ áöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ãóÚúäóÇåõ.(1/14)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö
æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ áóÝúÙöíøóÉð Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó áóÝúÙöíøóÉò¡ æóÇááøóÝúÙöíøóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊõÚúÊóÈóÑó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ßóãóÇáö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö áóåõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ¡ Ãóæú Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ßóÏóáóÇáóÉö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Úóáóì ãóÚúäóÇåõ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö ßóÏóáóÇáóÉö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÇØöÞö. (1) ¡ æóÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉõ ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäöº áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÏúáõæáõ ÈóÓöíØðÇ áóÇ ÌõÒúÁó áóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÇááøóÝúÙöíøóÉö¡ Ýóåöíó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóåöíó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ áóåõ ãóÚúäðì¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì áóåõ áóÇÒöãñ ãöäú ÎóÇÑöÌò¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó Ýóåúãö ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö íóäúÊóÞöáõ ÇáÐøöåúäõ ãöäú ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö Åöáóì áóÇÒöãöåö¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑö ÚóÏóãõ åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáö ÇáÐøöåúäöíøö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇááøóÇÒöãõ ãóÝúåõæãðÇ¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö æóÅöäú ÔóÇÑóßóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö Ýöí ÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑöåöãóÇ Åöáóì äóÙóÑò ÚóÞúáöíøò íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇááøóÇÒöãó Ýöí ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóÇáúÌõÒúÁó Ýöí ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö ßóæúäö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÝöí ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö ßóæúäöåö ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäú ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ßóÇäóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö áóÝúÙöíøóÉð ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ãõÓóÇæöíóÉñ áöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó (2) ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Îõáõæøö ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõØóÇÈöÞö Úóäú áóÇÒöãò¡ æóÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö ; áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇááøóÇÒöãõ áöãóÇ áóÇ ÌõÒúÁó áóåõ.
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(1) ÝóÇáúÍóíóæóÇäöíøóÉõ æóÇáäøõØúÞõ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÌõÒúÁñ ÚóÞúáöíøñ áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö. æóßóÐóáößó áóÝúÙõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ãóÏúáõæáöåö ÇáúÍöÓøöíøö ãöäú íóÏò æóÚóíúäò æóãöËúáöåóÇ.
(2) ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈõ áöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: æóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö áóÇ ÊóäúÝóßøõ Úóäú ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö áöæõÌõæÏöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÞóÚó ÎöáóÇÝñ Èóíúäö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Èóíúäó ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÇÊö ãóäúÔóÄõåõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÕóÇÁó ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÈóÍúËö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÇÊö Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö æóÇáúãóäúØöÞö.(1/15)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö
æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÕöÍøó ÌóÚúáõåõ ÃóÍóÏó ÌõÒúÃóíö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÐóÇÊõ ÌõÒúÃóíúäö ÝóÞóØú¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÕöÍøó ÊóÑóßøõÈõ ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉö ãöäú ÌöäúÓöåö Ãóæú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáöÇÓúãõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýóåõæó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÓöíãõ ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ.
æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáäøóæóÇÞöÕõ ßóÇáøóÐöí æóÇáøóÊöí¡ æóÇáúãõÖúãóÑóÇÊõ ßóåõæó æóåöíó¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÌóÚúáõåóÇ ÃóÍóÏó ÌõÒúÃóíö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÊóÌóÑøõÏöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÑóßøóÈõ ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉõ ãöäúåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóÐøóÑó Ðóáößó ÝöíåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÊóÌóÑøõÏöåóÇ ÝóÇáäøóæóÇÞöÕõ ÚöäúÏó ÊóÚóíøõäõåóÇ ÈöÇáÕøöáóÉö áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÖúãóÑóÇÊõ ÚöäúÏó ÅöÖóÇÝóÊöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÙúåóÑóÇÊö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö.
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö]
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑößó Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåö ßóËöíÑõæäó Ãóæú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ
Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúãö
æóåõæó ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÒøóãóÇäõ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌõ Úóäú ãóÚúäóÇåõ áöÈöäúíóÊöåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ãóæú ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóãõÓóãøóÇåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ãóæú ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÝóãóÝúåõæãõåõ ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Úóáóì æõÌõæåò:
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑößó Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåö ßóËöíÑõæäó Ãóæú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ßõáøöíøñ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÑößóÉõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÔúÎóÇÕò ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò ßóÇÓúãö ÇáúßóæúßóÈö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò ßóÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ Ãóæú áóãú ÊóÞóÚú ÅöãøóÇ áöãóÇäöÚò ãöäú ÎóÇÑöÌò ßóÇÓúãö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö (1) æóÇáÔøóãúÓö æóÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ßóÇÓúãö ÚóäúÞóÇÁö ãõÛúÑöÈò Ãóæú ÌóÈóáò ãöäú ÐóåóÈò.
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(1) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇááøóÇãö(1/16)
æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕöÝóÉð Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕöÝóÉð¡ æóÇáÕøöÝóÉõ ßóÇáúÚóÇáöãö æóÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÕöÝóÉò ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóíúäðÇ ßóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÚúäðì ßóÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÌóåúáö. æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö áóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí ãóÏúáõæáöåö ÈöÔöÏøóÉò æóáóÇ ÖóÚúÝò æóáóÇ ÊóÞóÏøõãò æóÊóÃóÎøõÑò¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇØöÆõ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãõÔóßøößñ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö.
æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ áöáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÇÊö Ýöíåö Ãóæú ÚóÑóÖöíøðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÇÊõ Ýöíåö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð ÈöÇáÐøóæóÇÊö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÖö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈò (ãóÇ åöíó) Ýóåõæó ÇáúÌöäúÓõ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ßóÐóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ÐóÇÊöíøñ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ ÅöãøóÇ ÌöäúÓõ ÌöäúÓò¡ Ãóæú ÝóÕúáõ ÝóÕúáò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö (ãóÇ) Ãóæú áóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáäøóæúÚõ æóÇáËøóÇäöí åõæó ÝóÕúáõ ÇáäøóæúÚö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÑóÖöíøðÇ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÇÊõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð ÈöÇáÐøóæóÇÊö Ýóåõæó ÇáúÚóÑóÖõ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÝúåõæãõåõ ÛóíúÑó ÕóÇáöÍò áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ßóËöíÑöíäó Ýöíåö Ýóåõæó ÇáúÌõÒúÆöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ÊóÃúáöíÝñ Ãóæú Ýöíåö.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÑúÊóÌóáðÇ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãõÑúÊóÌöáñ.
ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÑúÊóÌóáðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãóäúÞõæáðÇ ßóÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãóäúÞõæáñ¡ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ ÅöãøóÇ Úóäö ÇÓúãò Ãóæú ÝöÚúáò Ãóæú ÕóæúÊò.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Úóäö ÇÓúãö Úóíúäò ßóÃóÓóÏò æóÚõÞóÇÈò¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãö ãóÚúäðì ßóÝóÖúáò¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãö ÕöÝóÉò ßóÍóÇÊöãò. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Úóäú ãóÇÖò ßóÔóãöÑò¡ Ãóæú ãõÖóÇÑöÚò ßóÊóÛúáöÈó¡ Ãóæú ÝöÚúáö ÃóãúÑò ßóÇÕúãõÊú. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇáöËó ßóÈóÈøóÉó. (1)
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(1) ÈóÈøóÉõ Úóáóì æóÒúäö ÈóÊøóÉõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÕóæúÊö ÕóÈöíøò¡ íõÑúæóì Úóäö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú æóåöíó ÊõÑóÞøöÕõ æóáóÏóåóÇ: áóÃõäúßöÍóäøó ÈóÈøóÉó¡ ÌóÇÑöíóÉð ÎöÏóÈøóÉð¡ ãõßóÑøóãóÉð ãõÍóÈøóÉð¡ ÊõÍöÈøõ Ãóåúáó ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö. ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÞóÇãõæÓó ÍóÑúÝó ÇáúÈóÇÁö.(1/17)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÑúÊóÌóáðÇ æóåõæó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉñ ßóÍóãúÏóÇäó.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÄóáøóÝðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ ãöäó ÇÓúãóíúäö ãõÖóÇÝóíúäö ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö ãõÖóÇÝóíúäö æóÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÚóÇãöáñ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÇãöáò. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÒóíúÏñ ãõäúØóáöÞñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ßóÈóÚúáóÈóßøó æóÍóÖúÑóãóæúÊó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáóíúäö ßóÞóÇãó ÞóÚóÏó¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÍóÑúÝóíúäö ßóÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäó ÇÓúãò æóÝöÚúáò äóÍúæó ÊóÃóÈøóØó ÔóÑøðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóäú ÍóÑúÝò æóÇÓúãò ßóÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÈöÒóíúÏò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóäú ÝöÚúáò æóÍóÑóÝò ßóÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÞóÇãó Úóáöíøñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ æóÇáúãõÓóãøóì ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãõÓúÊóÚóÇÑñ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊõ ãõÊóÈóÇíöäóÉð ßóÇáúÌóæúäö (1) áöáÓøóæóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÈóÇíöäóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóØúáóÞúäóÇ ÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö Úóáóì ÔóÎúÕò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÚóáóãöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóØúáóÞúäóÇåõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö ãöäó ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÏúáõæáóåõ ÚöäúÏó ßóæúäöåö ÚóáóãðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÐóÇÊõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö¡ æóãóÏúáõæáõåõ ÚöäúÏó ßóæúäöåö ãõÔúÊóÞøðÇ ÇáÐøóÇÊõ ãóÚó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö æóåöíó ÇáÓøóæóÇÏõ¡ ÝóÇáÐøóÇÊõ ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóÏúáõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ãóÏúáõæáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö¡ æóãóÏúáõæáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö æóÕúÝñ áöãóÏúáõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ãõÊøóÍöÏðÇ Ãóæú ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊøóÍöÏðÇ ÝóÊöáúßó åöíó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóÉõ ßóÇáúÈõåúÊõÑö æóÇáúÈõÍúÊõÑö áöáúÞóÕöíÑö (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏðÇ ÝóÊöáúßó åöíó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇíöäóÉõ ßóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö.
ãóÓóÇÆöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö ËóáóÇËñ:
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(1) ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÌöíãö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáúæóÇæö æóÌóãúÚõåõ Ìõæäò ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÌöíãö
(2) ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇáöËö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáúãöËóÇáóíúäö.(1/18)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö åóáú áóåõ æõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö (1) ¡ åóáú áóåõ æõÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ Þóæúãñ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÂÎóÑõæäó¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÌóæóÇÒõåõ æóæõÞõæÚõåõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÞúáðÇ Ãóäú íóÖóÚó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö áóÝúÙðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ Úóáóì ãóÚúäóíóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÈóÏóáö æóíõæóÇÝöÞõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóÊøóÝöÞó æóÖúÚõ ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÊóíúäö áöáöÇÓúãö Úóáóì ãóÚúäóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉò¡ æóæóÖúÚõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì áóåõ ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÔõÚõæÑò áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ÈöãóÇ æóÖóÚóÊúåõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ëõãøó íóÔúÊóåöÑõ ÇáúæóÖúÚóÇäö æóíóÎúÝóì ÓóÈóÈõåõ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ¡ æóáóæú ÞõÏøöÑó Ðóáößó áóãóÇ áóÒöãó ãöäú ÝóÑúÖö æõÞõæÚöåö ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÞóáðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó æóÖúÚó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöÛóÑóÖö ÇáúæóÇÖöÚö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÖöÚõ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáÔøóíúÁö áöÛóíúÑöåö ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ ÝóÞóÏú íóÞúÕöÏõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝóåõ ãõÌúãóáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÝóÕøóáòº ÅöãøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ Úóáöãóåõ ßóÐóáößó æóáóãú íóÚúáóãõåõ ãõÝóÕøóáðÇ¡ Ãóæú áöãóÍúÐõæÑò íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Ïõæäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ãöäúåõãú æóÖúÚõ áóÝúÙò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÝúÕöíáò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: Åöäøóåõ áóæú áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉõ æóÇÞöÚóÉð Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉñ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÊóÑóßøõÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉö ; áóÎóáóÊú ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö Úóäö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóÚó ÏóÚúæóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóÛóíúÑõ ÓóÏöíÏò ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÑóßøóÈóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉð¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäú ÊóÖóÇÚöíÝö ÇáÊøóÑúßöíÈóÇÊö ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉð æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉð ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÖóÇÏøóÉó æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉó - æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí íóßõæäõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÅöáóíúåóÇ - ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò.
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(1) íóäúÕóÑöÝõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó áóÝúÙõåõ æóÊóÚóÏøóÏó æóÖúÚõåõ æóãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÌóæóÇÒöåö æóæõÞõæÚöåö åõäóÇ ÊóãúåöíÏðÇ áöáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÃóÍúßóÇãò Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúãóáö: Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÈöÍóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ãóÚúäóíóíúåö Ãóæú ãóÚóÇäöíåö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÚóÇãøö Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÈöÍóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ãóÚóÇäöíåö ÝöíãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ýöíåö Ðóáößó(1/19)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó æóÖúÚó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö Úóáóì ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåóÇ ãóÔúÑõæØñ Èößóæúäö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö æóãóÇ áóÇ äöåóÇíóÉó áóåõ ãöãøóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ Ýöíåö Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÆöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÖúÚõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí áóãú ÊóÖóÚö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÈöÅöÒóÇÆöåóÇ ÃóáúÝóÇÙðÇ ÊóÏõáøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÇ ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö æóáóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö ßóÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÑøóæóÇÆöÍö æóßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: " ÃóØúáóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö ÇÓúãó ÇáúÞõÑúÁö Úóáóì ÇáØøõåúÑö æóÇáúÍóíúÖö æóåõãóÇ ÖöÏøóÇäö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ". (1) æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ Èößóæúäöåö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäúÞõæáò Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÇÊøöÍóÇÏõ ÇáöÇÓúãö æóÊóÚóÏøõÏõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóì¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÃõØúáöÞó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò ãõÔúÊóÑóßò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ áóÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåöãóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãóÌóÇÒñ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöäú ÎóÝöíó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ æóåóÐóÇ (2) åõæó ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóáöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú äóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö.
æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöíº ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒó Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Çáúßõáøö Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏöíãö (3) æóÇáúÍóÇÏöËö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ áóÕóÍøó äóÝúíõåõ ÅöÐú åõæó ÃóãóÇÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö ÏóÇáøðÇ Úóáóì ÐóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉò ÒóÇÆöÏóÉò Úóáóì ÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÐóÇÊó ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉñ ÈöÐóÇÊöåóÇ áöãóÇ ÓöæóÇåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö (4) ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóæóÌóÈó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÔóÇÑóßóåóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö (5) ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö
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(1) Ïóáöíáñ ËóÇäò áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö.
(2) ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÑóÇÌöÚñ áößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÇöÚúÊóÈóÇÑóíúäö.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Õ (12) .
(4) ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøö ÝóÞóØú áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì Çáúßõáøöíøö ; ÅöÐú áößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÕøö ãóÇ íóáöíÞõ Èöåö æóíõãóíøöÒõåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
(5) áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö.(1/20)
ÇáÐøóÇÊö (1) æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÏúáõæáõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÕöÝóÉð ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð Úóáóì ÐóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ ãöäúåõ åõæó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãó ãöäó ÇÓúãö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ýöí ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö æóÅöãøóÇ ÎöáóÇÝóåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ýöí Çáúãõãúßöäö æóÇÌöÈðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøó æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇÌöÈñ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ãõãúßöäðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÅöãúßóÇäö æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Óöæóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÝóÇåõãõ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò ãóÚó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó Ýóåúãó ÇáúãóÏúáõæáö ãöäúåõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉð ÊõÓóÇæöí ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö (2) ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÙúåóÑõ æóÞóÏú ÊóÎúÝóì¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÎóÝóÇÆöåóÇ íóÎúÊóáøõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóåõæó ÇáúÝóåúãõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáøó Ýóåúãõ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÊóáøõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÝóåúãõ Ýöí ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýóåúãõ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö áõÛóÉð ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö ÈöÏóáöíáö æóÖúÚö ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊõÝöíÏõ ÊóÝóÇÕöíáó ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó
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(1) ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö Çáúßõáøöíøö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúãõÍóÇáõ¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Êóæóåøõãö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö Ýöí ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö Çáúßõáøöíøö áöÇÓúãö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö (æóåõæó ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö) ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóÇáúãõÔóÇÈóåóÉó ÇáøóÊöí äóÒøóåó Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ) æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó. ÅöÐö Çáúßõáøöíøõ áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌöíøö ÍóÊøóì ÊóáúÒóãó ÇáúãõÔóÇÈóåóÉõ Ýöíåö¡ Ýóáöáøóåö æõÌõæÏñ íóÎõÕøõåõ ÝóáóÇ Ãóæøóáó áöæõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏó ãõÓúÊóãóÏøñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóØúÑóÃõ Úóáóíúåö ÂÝóÇÊñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúÊóÑöíåö ÝóäóÇÁñ ÅöáóÎú. æóáöáúãóÎúáõæÞö æõÌõæÏñ íóÎõÕøõåõ Ýóáóåõ Ãóæøóáñ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóãóÏøñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö æóÍóÇÌóÊõåõ ãõÓúÊóãöÑøóÉñ æóíóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÝóäóÇÁò ÅöáóÎú. æóíóÊøóÖöÍõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇááøóæúäö ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ßõáøöíøñ áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö æóíóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÃóÝúÑóÇÏõåõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ßóÓóæóÇÏö ÇáúÝóÍúãö¡ æóÈóíóÇÖö ÇáúÞõØúäö ÅöáóÎú. æóáóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ Çáúßõáøöíøö ÊóÔóÇÈõåõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÏóÇÎóáóÉõ ßõáøò ÇáúÂÎóÑó Ýöí ÎóæóÇÕøöåö Èóáú ãóÇ ÒóÇáóÊú ãõÊóÖóÇÏøóÉð ãõÊóãóíøöÒðÇ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÎóæóÇÕøöåö. æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúæóÇäö æóåöíó ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ ÝóÃóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãó Ðóáößó Èóíúäó Çááøóåö æóÚöÈóÇÏöåö.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáúãóÒöíÏó ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÏúãõÑöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.
(2) ÊóÚúáöíáñ ãõÚúÊóÑöÖñ Èóíúäó ÇÓúãö Åöäøó æóÎóÈóÑöåóÇ(1/21)
Ýóåúãõ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉö Åöäú áóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöÌóãöíÚö ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ. (1) æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö áõÛóÉð¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ æóÇÞöÚñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇááøóíúáö ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÓúÚóÓó} ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ Èóíúäó ÅöÞúÈóÇáö Çááøóíúáö æóÅöÏúÈóÇÑöåö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÖöÏøóÇäö¡ åóßóÐóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÕøöÍóÇÍö.
æóãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ áöÐóáößó " ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãó¡ ÝóÅöäú æõÌöÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ Ýóåõæó ÊóØúæöíáñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÇÊó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãó Ýóåõæó ÚóÈóËñ¡ æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÕöíóÇäóÉõ ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö Úóäúåõ " Ýóåõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÅöÈúØóÇáõåõ. (2) ßóíúÝó æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò: Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó äóæúÚñ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÚõãõæãö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö Úõãõæãöåö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö Èöåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ áöäóíúáö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúÏóÇÏö áöÇãúÊöËóÇáöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÈóíóÇäöåö ÈöÙõåõæÑö Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ æóÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö Óöæóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåóÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ùõäøó Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉñ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÞóÏú Ùõäøó Ýöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ (3) æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉñ (4) ¡ æóÝöí ÃóÔúíóÇÁó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÊóæóÇØöÆóÉñ æóåöíó ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÝóßóÞóæúáöäóÇ " ãóÈúÏóÃñ " áöáäøõÞúØóÉö¡ æóÇáúÂäó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚõ ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö æóåõæó ÇáÒøóãóÇäõ æóÇáúÎóØøõ Ùõäøó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ Ýöí ÇÓúãö ÇáúãóÈúÏóÃö æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöØúáóÇÞó ÇÓúãö ÇáúãóÈúÏóÃö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ãóæøóáñ áöÔóíúÁò áóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó Ãóæøóáñ áöáÒøóãóÇäö Ãóæö ÇáúÎóØøö¡ æóåõæó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ãõÊóæóÇØöÆñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÔúÊóÑóßò.
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
(2) Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉö.
(3) Ãóíú ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßðÇ áóÝúÙöíøðÇ.
(4) Ãóíú ãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉñ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßðÇ ãóÚúäóæöíøðÇ.(1/22)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóßóÞóæúáöäóÇ " ÎóãúÑöíøñ " áöáøóæúäö ÇáÔøóÈöíåö Èöáóæúäö ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóáöáúÚöäóÈö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ íóÄõæáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÎóãúÑö¡ æóáöáÏøóæóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó íõÓúßöÑõ ßóÇáúÎóãúÑö Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö æóåõæó ÇáúÎóãúÑõ Ùõäøó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóæóÇØöÆñ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÎóãúÑöíøö æóÅöäö ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáäøöÓóÈö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö Åöáóíúåö æóãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÝóáóÇ ÊóæóÇØõÄó. äóÚóãú áóæú ÃóØúáóÞó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÎóãúÑöíøö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èöåö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ãöäú Úõãõæãö ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö æóÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ÎõÕõæÕöíøóÇÊöåóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóÇØöÆðÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÐóåóÈó ÔõÐõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÚöäúÏó ÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÊóÚóÏøõÏõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ ßõáøö ÇÓúãò ÈöãõÓóãøðì ÛóíúÑö ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÊóÚúØöíáõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÃóÍóÏö ÇááøóÝúÙóíúäö áöÍõÕõæáöåóÇ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Þöíáó ÈöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì Ýóåõæó äóÇÏöÑñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏö ÈöÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ æóÛóáóÈóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉö ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ Åöáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÞúÕõæÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÖúÚö ãöäú æóÖúÚöåöãú.
ÝóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÄõæäóÉó Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÃóÎóÝøõ ãöäú ÍöÝúÙö ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÊöÒóÇãõ ÃóÚúÙóãö (1) ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøóíúäö áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÊóíúäö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÏóÚóÊú ÍóÇÌóÉõ Çáúßõáøö Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ãóÚó ÎöÝøóÉö ÇáúãóÄõæäóÉö Ýöí ÍöÝúÙöåö ÝóÚóãøóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóÎóÇØõÈö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò Úóáóì ÃóãúÑóíúäö: Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóÍúÝóÙó ãóÌúãõæÚó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÚúÖó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÔóÇÞøñ ÌöÏøðÇ æóÞóáøóãóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáõ ÈöÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÎóÇØõÈö áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇÓúãò áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ.
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÃóÎóÝøó.(1/23)
æóÌóæóÇÈõåõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÞúáðÇ Ãóäú íóÖóÚó æóÇÍöÏñ áóÝúÙóíúäö Úóáóì ãõÓóãøóì æóÇÍöÏò Ëõãøó íóÊøóÝöÞõ Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú ÊóÖóÚó ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúÞóÈöíáóÊóíúäö ÃóÍóÏó ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö Úóáóì ãõÓóãøóì æóÊóÖóÚõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì áóåõ ÇÓúãðÇ ÂÎóÑó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÔõÚõæÑö ßõáøö ÞóÈöíáóÉò ÈöæóÖúÚö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ Ëõãøó íóÔöíÚõ ÇáúæóÖúÚóÇäö ÈóÚúÏõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ßóíúÝó æóÐóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒñ Èóáú æóÇÞöÚñ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì áõÛóÊóíúäö ÖóÑõæÑóÉð ÝóßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÞóÈöíáóÊóíúäö.
Þóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö " áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö " áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóæúÓöÚóÉõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÊóßúËöíÑõ ÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúãõÝöíÏóÉö áöáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóíúåö ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÍõÕõæáö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö ÊóÚóÐøõÑõ ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ÝóæóÇÆöÏõ ÃõÎóÑó Ýöí ÇáäøóÙúãö æóÇáäøóËúÑö ÈöãõÓóÇÚóÏóÉö ÃóÍóÏö ÇááøóÝúÙóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáÑøóæöíøö æóæóÒúäö ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóÇáúÌöäóÇÓö æóÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö æóÇáúÎöÝøóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøõØúÞö Èöåö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉö áöÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÝóÕóÇÍóÉö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑõ ãöäúåõ æóåõæó ÒöíóÇÏóÉõ ãóÄõæäóÉö ÇáúÍöÝúÙö¡ Åöäú áóæú æõÙøöÝó Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÍöÝúÙõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóÇÊö æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõÎóíøóÑñ Ýöí ÍöÝúÙö Çáúßõáøö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö (1) ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ãõáúÛðì ÈöÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö Ýöí áõÛóÊóíúäö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáö ÈöÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÃóæøóáðÇ æóåõæó ãóÍúÐõæÑñ.
Ëõãøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÑóÇÏõÝö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú " ÇáÕøõåúáõÈõ æóÇáÔøóæúÐóÈõ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáØøóæöíáö¡ æóÇáúÈõåúÊõÑõ æóÇáúÈõÍúÊõÑõ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÕöíÑö " Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì íóÊúÈóÚó ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ãóäú íóÊóÚóÓøóÝõ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáóÇÊö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÎóÝöíó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóÉö æóÙóåóÑó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ¡ ÝóíõÌúÚóáõ ÇáúÃóÔúåõÑõ ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöáúÃóÎúÝóì æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÏøõ ÇááøóÝúÙöíøõ.
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(1) ÅöÏúÎóÇáõ (Çáú) Úóáóì ßõáøò æóÈóÚúÖò áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉð.(1/24)
æóÞóÏú Ùõäøó ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÊóÑóÇÏöÝóÉñ æóåöíó ãõÊóÈóÇíöäóÉñ¡ æóÐóáößó ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ áöãóæúÖõæÚò æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÕöÝóÇÊöåö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ßóÇáÓøóíúÝö æóÇáÕøóÇÑöãö æóÇáúåöäúÏöíøö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÕöÝóÊöåö æóÕöÝóÉö ÕöÝóÊöåö ßóÇáäøóÇØöÞö æóÇáúÝóÕöíÍö æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóíõÝóÇÑöÞõ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöÝõ ÇáúãõÄóßøöÏó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏöÝó áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ ãõÑóÇÏöÝõåõ ÅöíÖóÇÍðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ íõÑóÇÏöÝõ ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÄóßøöÏö. æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö ÝóãõÎóÇáöÝñ áóåõãóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóì æóÒúäö ÇáúãóÊúÈõæÚö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ãóÚúäðì ÃóÕúáðÇ ßóÞóæúáöåöãú: ÍóÓóäñ ÈóÓóäñ¡ æóÔóíúØóÇäñ áóíúØóÇäñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÏõÑóíúÏò: ÓóÃóáóÊú ÃóÈóÇ ÍóÇÊöãò Úóäú ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáöåöãú " ÈóÓóäñ " ÝóÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ åõæó.
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúãõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÙóÇåöÑò æóãõÖúãóÑò æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇáöÇÓúãõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÙóÇåöÑò æóãõÖúãóÑò æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞúÕóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö Ãóæú áóÇ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÑö
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÕóÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ Ãóæú íõÞúÕóÏó¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÖúãóÑõ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÂÎöÑõåõ ÃóáöÝðÇ æóáóÇ íóÇÁó ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ßóÓúÑóÉñ Ãóæú íóßõæäõ.
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÏóÎóáóåõ ÍóÑóßóÉõ ÇáúÌóÑøö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóäúæöíäö Ýóåõæó ÇáúãõäúÕóÑöÝõ ßóÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÕóÑöÝò ßóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÊóáøõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö íóÇÁð ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ßóÓúÑóÉñ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóäúÞõæÕõ ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóÇáÏøóÇÚöí¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö ÃóáöÝñ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÑõ ßóÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÂÎöÑöåö åóãúÒóÉñ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ÃóáöÝñ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóãúÏõæÏõ ßóÇáÑøöÏóÇÁö æóÇáúßöÓóÇÁö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÖúãóÑõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ ãõäúÝóÕöáñ æóÅöãøóÇ ãõÊøóÕöáñ¡ æóÇáúãõäúÝóÕöáõ äóÍúæó: ÃóäóÇ æóäóÍúäõ æóåõæó æóåöíó æóäóÍúæõåõ¡ æóÇáúãõÊøóÕöáõ äóÍúæó: ÝóÚóáúÊõ æóÝóÚóáúäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýóåõæó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö.
æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ áóíúÓó ãóÚóåõ ÊóäúÈöíåñ æóáóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ¡ Ãóæú íóßõæäõ.(1/25)
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ äóÍúæó ÐóÇ æóÐóÇäö æóÐóíúäö æóÃõæáóÇÁö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ãõÝúÑóÏò ÝóÅöäú æõÌöÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåõ áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÝóäóÍúæõ åóÐóÇ æóåóÐóÇäö¡ æóÅöäú æõÌöÏó ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ÝóäóÍúæõ ÐóÇßó æóÐóÇäößó¡ æóÅöäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ ãóÚóåõ ÝóäóÍúæõ åóÐóÇßó æóåóÇÊöíßó.
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÍúÑõÝò ÃõÕõæáò äóÝúíðÇ áöáúÅöÌúÍóÇÝö Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ÞõæøóÊöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáúÍóÑúÝö.
ÅöáøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÔóÐøó ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú: íóÏñ æóÏóãñ æóÃóÈñ æóÃóÎñ æóäóÍúæõåõ ãöãøóÇ ÍõÐöÝó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ.
æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÖúãóÑóÉö ãõÊøóÕöáðÇ ßóÇäó ãóäú ÍóÑúÝò æóÇÍöÏò ßóÇáÊøóÇÁö ãóäú ÝóÚóáúÊó.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõäúÝóÕöáðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú ÍóÑúÝóíúäö¡ íõÈúÊóÏóÃõ ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóíõæÞóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö äóÍúæõ: åõæó æóåöíó¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÃóÞóáøö ãöäú ÍóÑúÝóíúäö ÃóíúÖðÇ äóÍúæõ: ÐóÇ æóÐöí æóäóÍúæõåõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏõáøó Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÈöÚóíúäöåö Ãóæú áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö.
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó " ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ " ßóÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö¡ æóÇáúãõÖúãóÑóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúãõÈúåóãóÇÊö ßóÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóæúÕõæáóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ ÏóÎóáó Úóáóíúåö áóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö¡ æóãóÇ ÃõÖöíÝó Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÝö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí åõæó " ÇáäøóßöÑóÉõ " ßóÅöäúÓóÇäò æóÝóÑóÓò.
æóãóÇ ÃõáúÍöÞó ÈöÂÎöÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö íóÇÁñ ãõÔóÏøóÏóÉñ ãóßúÓõæÑõ ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóäúÓõæÈõ ßóÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö æóÇáúãóßøöíøö æóäóÍúæöåö.
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúãõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ æóãóÌóÇÒñ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇáöÇÓúãõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ æóãóÌóÇÒñ. (1) ÃóãøóÇ " ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ " Ýóåöíó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ åõæó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÇááøóÇÒöãõ æóåõæó äóÞöíÖõ ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ ÍóÞøó ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÍóÞøóåõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö Ãóíú ÐóÇÊõåõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉõ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóßöäú ÍóÞøóÊú ßóáöãóÉõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó} Ãóíú æóÌóÈóÊú¡ æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÍóÞöíÞñ Úóáóíøó Ãóäú áóÇ ÃóÞõæáó) Ãóíú æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíøó.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóáóì ÊóÞúÓöíãö ÇááøóÝúÙö Åöáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉò æóãóÌóÇÒò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúãóÏóäöíøóÉö¡ æóßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÇáúÞöíóãö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞö¡ ÇáúÌõÒúÁõ ÇáËøóÇäöí.(1/26)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉó ÞóÏú íõØúáöÞõåóÇ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Úóáóì áõÛóæöíøóÉò æóÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò¡ æóÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉõ ÊóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì æóÖúÚöíøóÉò æóÚõÑúÝöíøóÉò¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúæóÖúÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáúäóÚúÑöÝúåóÇ Ëõãøó äóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÐõßöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ÍõÏõæÏñ æóÇåöíóÉñ íõÓúÊóÛúäóì Úóäú ÊóÖúíöíÚö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÈöÐößúÑöåóÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åöíó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ßóÇáúÃóÓóÏö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÇáÔøõÌóÇÚö ÇáúÚóÑöíÖö ÇáúÃóÚóÇáöí¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö ÇáäøóÇØöÞö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøóÉõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÈöÚõÑúÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö æóåöíó ÞöÓúãóÇäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÞóÏú æõÖöÚó áöãóÚúäðì ÚóÇãøò Ëõãøó íõÎóÕøóÕõ ÈöÚõÑúÝö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåö¡ ßóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö áóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉö ÈöÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö ÚõÑúÝðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö áößõáøö ãóÇ ÏóÈøó¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ áöÓõÑúÚóÉö ÏóÈöíÈöåö Ãóæú ßóËúÑóÉö ãõÔóÇåóÏóÊöåö Ãóæú ßóËúÑóÉö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäðì Ëõãøó íóÔúÊóåöÑõ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåöãú ÈöÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ ßóÇÓúãö ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö áöáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúãõØúãóÆöäøö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóåóÑó Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ÈöÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÐóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔõåúÑóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÐóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áößóËúÑóÉö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÊöåö æóÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÊøóÎóÇØõÈö Èöåö ãóÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöäúßóÇÝö ãóäú ÐößúÑö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö Èöåö áöäõÝúÑóÉö ÇáØøöÈóÇÚö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóäøõæÇ Úóäúåõ ÈöáóÇÒöãöåö Ãóæú áöãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ æóãõÓóãøóÇåõ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõãóÇ Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóæú åõãóÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝóÇäö áóåõãú ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÖóÚõæÇ Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÓúãó áöÐóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ Ãóæú ÚóÑóÝõæÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó¡ Ãóæú ÚóÑóÝõæÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó æóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝõæÇ Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ßóÇÓúãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö(1/27)
æóÇáúÍóÌøö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ áóßöäøó ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÎõÕøóÊú åóÐöåö ÈöÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÔöÆúÊó Ãóäú ÊóÍõÏøó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉó Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóÚõãøõ ÌóãöíÚó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÞõáúÊó: " ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ åöíó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö ÇáÊøóÎóÇØõÈõ " ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÇãöÚñ ãóÇäöÚñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ÝóãóÃúÎõæÐñ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ æóåõæó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáõ ãöäú ÍóÇáò Åöáóì ÍóÇáò¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÌóÇÒó ÝõáóÇäñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóÐóÇ Åöáóì ßóÐóÇ.
æóåõæó ãóÎúÕõæÕñ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÈöÇäúÊöÞóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
æóÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú ÊóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ áöÕóÑúÝö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúæóÖúÚöíøóÉö æóÚóäö ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ãõäúÞóÓöãóÉð Åöáóì: æóÖúÚöíøóÉò¡ æóÚõÑúÝöíøóÉò¡ æóÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò.
æóÚöäúÏó åóÐóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ßóæúäó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö æóÖúÚöíøðÇ ÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÇáúæóÖúÚöíøóÉö: " åõæó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö "¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏú ßóæúäóåõ æóÖúÚöíøðÇ ÃóÈúÞóì ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöÍóÇáöåö æóÃóÈúÏóáó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÍóÏøõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏó Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóÚõãøõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÞõáúÊó: " åõæó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈóÉõ¡ áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö " æóäóÚúäöí ÈöÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö Èóíúäó ãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ãõÔóÇÈöåðÇ áöãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Ýöí Ôóßúáöåö æóÕõæÑóÊöåö ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÕóæøöÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÕöÝóÉò ÙóÇåöÑóÉò Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóÓóÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö áóÇ Ýöí ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÈóÎúÑö áöÎóÝóÇÆöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóÞöº Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ íóÄõæáõ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÚóÕöíÑö ÎóãúÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ãõÌóÇæöÑñ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ßóÞóæúáöåöãú: ÌóÑóì ÇáäøóåúÑõ æóÇáúãöíÒóÇÈõ æóäóÍúæõåõ.(1/28)
æóÌóãöíÚõ ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊú ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóíøóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöÇááøóÝúÙöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö áóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöäóÇ: " ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåö Ãóæö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ " ÊóãúíöíÒðÇ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö.
æóÈöÞóæúáöäóÇ: " áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞö " áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁó æóÖúÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ áóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏøö ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇãöÚò ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ ÈöÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ßóÊóÎúÕöíÕö áóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉö ÈöÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÌóÇÒñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáò Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ ; áöÏõÎõæáö ÐóæóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö Ýöí ÇáúãóÏúáõæáö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÎõÑõæÌõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúßóÇÝö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ} ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÌóÇÒñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáò Ýöí ÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ÔóíúÁò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóíóÎúÑõÌõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóÓóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÍóÇáóÉó ÞóÕúÏö ÊóÚúÙöíãöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÊóÚúÙöíãõåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåö ÃóÓóÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóÓóÏö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌõÚöáó ÚóáóãðÇ áóåõ æóãóÏúáõæáõåõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó¡ áóÇ Èößóæúäö ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÊóÏóÎõáõ (2) Ýöíåö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøóÉõ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóæúÖõæÚöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡¡ æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ (3) ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åöíó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóãõäúÏóÝöÚñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉñ áöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åóãøóÇ ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÝúÙõ ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÏóÇÈøóÉò¡ ÝóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉö ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÕõæÕö íóßõæäõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßóÇÝõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ} ÝóáóíúÓóÊú ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáóÉð áöáöÇÓúãöíøóÉö ßóæóÖúÚöåóÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóáóÇ áöáÊøóÔúÈöíåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ áóíúÓó áöãöËúáöåö ãöËúáñ " æóåõæó ãöËúáñ áöãóËöíáöåö " ÝóßóÇäó ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáóÉð áóÇ ÝöíãóÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÏóÇÎöáóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö.
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(1) åöíó ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÇÊõ ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö ãöäú ÊóÔúÈöíåò æóÛóíúÑöåö.
(2) ÇáÊøóÑúÏöíÏõ ÈóÃóæú Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÊóíúäö ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó ãóæúÖõæÚñ ÃóæøóáðÇ.
(3) ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖñ ÂÎóÑõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò.(1/29)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóÓóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÃóÓóÏö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö Ýöíåö Èóáú áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåö áóåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÌóÇÚóÉö. æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ (1) ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøóÉõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÊóæóÇÖõÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÝóáóÇ (2) ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó (3) ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ ÝóãóåúãóÇ æóÑóÏó áóÝúÙñ Ýöí ãóÚúäðì æóÊóÑóÏøóÏó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö (4) ÝóÞóÏú íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóæúäõåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú äóÞúáñ ÝóÞóÏú íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóæúäõåõ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÕöÍøóÉö äóÝúíöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóíõÚúÑóÝõ ßóæúäõåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöãóäú Óõãøöíó ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöãóÇÑðÇ áöÈóáóÇÏóÊöåö Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍöãóÇÑò¡ æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÅöäúÓóÇäò Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö áöãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöíåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÏúáõæáõ ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÈóÇÏóÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇááøóÝúÙö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èößóæúäöåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÏúáõæáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÏóÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö åõæó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ æóÛóíúÑõåõ åõæó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóØøóÑöÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ íóÓúÈöÞõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö Ïõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÈöÇáÖøöÏøö ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ æóíóäúÊóÞöÖõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÊóÈóÇÏõÑö ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóãõäúÏóÝöÚñ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÈóÇÏóÑó ãóÏúáõæáõåõ Åöáóì ÇáÐøöåúäö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú Úõáöãó ßóæúäõåõ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÑöÏò Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöíåö áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóÅöÏúÑóÇÌõ ÇáäøóÇÏöÑö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö Ãóæúáóì. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÏóÝóÚó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ãöäú ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÈóÏóáö Ýóåõæó
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÝóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúØö.
(2) ÈóÏóÁó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö.
(3) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÍóÐúÝõ ÇáúÝóÇÁö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎóÈóÑõ (ÍóÞöíÞóÉð) ".
(4) Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÚóáóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóãóíøóÒõ ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö - ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö " ÌõÒúÁõ 7 ãöäó ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.(1/30)
ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÏóáö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÚóíúäðÇ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöíåö Ýóåõæó ãõÊóÈóÇÏóÑñ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÏóáö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÊóÈóÇÏóÑú Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö æóåõæó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉò Ýöíåö (1) ¡ æóÝöíåö ÏöÞøóÉñ.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõØøóÑöÏðÇ Ýöí ãóÏúáõæáöåö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö æõÑõæÏö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ãöäó ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáÑøóÌõáö ÇáØøóæöíáö äóÎúáóÉð ÅöÐú åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõØøóÑöÏò Ýöí ßõáøö Øóæöíáò.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáÓøóÎöíøö ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúßóÑöíãö¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÖöáõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáöãö¡ æóåóÐóÇäö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáóÇäö ãóæúÌõæÏóÇäö Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ ÓóÎöíøñ æóáóÇ ÝóÇÖöáñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÞóÇÑõæÑóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÒøõÌóÇÌóÉö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö áößóæúäöåóÇ ãóÞóÑøðÇ áöáúãóÇÆöÚóÇÊö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑøóÉö æóÇáúßõæÒö¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÞóÇÑõæÑóÉð æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇØøöÑóÇÏö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒóÇÊö æóÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÚúãöíãõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÏóÝóÚó ÈöÞóæúáöäóÇ: (ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏõ ãóÇäöÚñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ æóáóÇ áõÛóæöíøñ) æóÝöíãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ÇáúãóäúÚõ æóáóæúáóÇåõ áóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ãõØøóÑöÏðÇ ÝöíåóÇ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö áöíóáúÒóãó ãóÇ Þöíáó¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÏøóÚóì Ãóäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏö Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÞóÏö ÇÊøõÝöÞó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóÌóãúÚõåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ ÝóäóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÌóÇÒñ Ýöíåö.
æóÐóáößó ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö.
æóÚóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóãúÑõäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ} ¡ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóãúÑõ ÝöÑúÚóæúäó ÈöÑóÔöíÏò}
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(1) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó æóÖúÚó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö æóÞóÚó ãöäú ãóÕúÏóÑò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò áöãóÚúäðì ãöäú ãóÚúäóíóíúäö Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÏóáö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ãóÈúÍóËö ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÞóÈóÇÆöáó¡ ãóËóáðÇ ßõáøõ ÞóÈöíáóÉò ÊóÖóÚõåõ áöãóÚúäðì Ïõæäó Úöáúãò ÈöæóÖúÚö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÚóáóíúåö áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõæÖóÚú Ýöí ãöËúáö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó áöæóÇÍöÏò Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÏóáö ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöíåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóíóíúäö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøò ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöíåóÇãõ ØóÇÑöÆñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæóÖúÚö íóÒõæáõ ÈöÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö.(1/31)
ÝóÅöäøó ÌóãúÚóåõ Ýöí ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÃóæóÇãöÑõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÃõãõæÑñ¡ æóáóÇ äóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó áóÇ íõÌúãóÚõ æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÊõÌúãóÚõ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúÈóáöíÏö ãóÚó ÕöÍøóÉö ÊóËúäöíóÊöåö æóÌóãúÚöåö ÍóíúËõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÍöãóÇÑóÇäö æóÍõãúÑñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöíåö¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì. (1) ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó áöáöÇÓúãö áóÇ áöáúãõÓóãøóì¡ ÝóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄóËøöÑðÇ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÌóãúÚö.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ áöÕöÝóÉò æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÔúÊóÞøó áöãóæúÖõæÚöåóÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÇÓúãñ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö æõÑõæÏö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÞøõ áöãóäú ÞóÇãó Èöåö ãöäúåõ ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÂãöÑö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞóÇÑõæÑóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúßõæÒö æóÇáúÌóÑøóÉö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö ãöäú ÞóÑóÇÑö ÇáúãóÇÆöÚö Ýöíåö ãóÚó ßóæúäö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÑö Ýöíåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ßóãóÇ ÇÔúÊõÞøó Ýöí ÇáÒøõÌóÇÌóÉö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö áöæõÑõæÏö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ýöíåö. (2)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐóÇ íóäúÊóÞöÖõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÆöãóÉö ÈöÇáúÌöÓúãö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÚóÏóãó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöáúÌöÓúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇãóÊú Èöåö ÇáÑøóÇÆöÍóÉõ ãõÊóÑóæøöÍñ.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóåõæó ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑõ ÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó} ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóíúÑö áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ¡ æóÊóÚóÐøõÑõ Íóãúáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÌóÚúáóåõ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÞöí.
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑó Ýöíåö ÃóÏúäóì ãöäú ãóÍúÐõæÑö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí
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(1) ÇáúÌóãúÚõ áöáöÇÓúãö áóßöäú ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãõÓóãøóÇåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÃóËóÑõåõ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóáóæö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÇáöÇÓúãõ Ïõæäó ãóÚúäóÇåõ áóßóÇäó ãõåúãóáðÇ áóÇ íõæÖóÚõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑóÇßöíÈö áóÇ ÌóãúÚðÇ æóáóÇ ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ122 Ì 7 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì " ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ".(1/32)
ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ãóåúãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ßóæúäõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãóÚúäðì ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ íóÕúáõÍõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÏúáõæáðÇ áöáøóÝúÙö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóæóÇØõÄö.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÃõáöÝó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáõæÇ áóÝúÙðÇ ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ãóÚúäðì ÃóØúáóÞõæåõ ÅöØúáóÇÞðÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáõæåõ ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ÛóíúÑöåö ÞóÑóäõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÃóØúáóÞõæåõ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛóíúÑöº æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó æóÖúÚó ÇáúßóáóÇãö áöáúãóÚúäóì ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíõßúÊóÝóì Èöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö áößóæúäöåóÇ ÃóÛúáóÈó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ãóÚúäðì¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãõÊóÚóáøóÞñ ÝóÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøóÞõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöíåö¡ ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÏö ÝóÅöäøó áóåóÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ¡ æóÅöØúáóÇÞõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞóÇÊö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: " ÇäúÙõÑú Åöáóì ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö " áóÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑó áóåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáÊøóÚóáøõÞõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÊóæóÇÈöÚö ßóæúäö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÍóÞöíÞöíøðÇ Èóáú ãöäú ÊóæóÇÈöÚö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎóÑö áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóãöäúåóÇ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚõ áöãóÚúäðì ãöãøóÇ íõÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö ÈöãõÓóãøóì Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÓúãö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö ÝóíõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÞøöÝó ãóÌóÇÒñ æóÇáúÂÎöÑó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÌóÇÒò.
æóÊóÔúÊóÑößõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö ÈöåöãóÇ ßóÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÚöäúÏó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ. æóÐóáößó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ßóæúäó ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö Ýöí æóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ áöÔóíúÁò ÞóÈúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö Ýöí æóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö áóíúÓóÊú ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÓúÊóÚúãöáóåóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáúåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ æóÖóÚóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú Êóßõäú ãöäú æóÖúÚöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.(1/33)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúæóÖúÚö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö áóÇ ÊõæÕóÝõ ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóæúÖõæÚóÉð ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßóáøõ æóÖúÚò ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÆöíøò ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÎúÊóÑóÚóÉö ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁð áöÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍöÑóÝö æóÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÇÊö áöÃóÏóæóÇÊöåöãú æóÂáóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÕöíÑõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÈõØúáóÇäõ Þóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ßõáøó ãóÌóÇÒò áóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ æóáóÇ ÚóßúÓó.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÛóÇíóÉó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóÚúãóáðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÃóæøóáðÇ áóíúÓó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó.
æóÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÉó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÚúãóáö ÝöíãóÇ æõÖöÚó áóåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÌóÇÒñ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóäúÞõæáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáËøõÈõæÊö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãóÏúáõæáõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÃóæøóáðÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ.
æóÊóÔúÊóÑößõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúæóÖúÚó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ãóÚðÇ¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ýöíåö.
ãóÓóÇÆöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö ÎóãúÓñ:(1/34)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö (1) æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÅöãúßóÇäöåóÇ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÅöÍóÇáóÉó Ýöí æóÖúÚö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇÓúãðÇ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåõ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõæäóåõ¡ áóãú íóßõäú ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ áöÃóÓúãóÇÆöåöãú. ÝóÅöäøó ÏóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí áóíúÓóÊú áöÐóæóÇÊöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãõ æóÇÌöÈñ áöáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö æóÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇáúÈóíóÇÖö ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ æóßóãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö æóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö áöÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍöÑóÝö æóÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÇÊö áöÃóÏóæóÇÊöåöãú æóÂáóÇÊöåöãú.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÞõæÚö¡ æóÇáúÍöÌóÇÌõ åóÇåõäóÇ ãóÝúÑõæÖñ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáÕøóæúãö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ åóáú ÎóÑóÌó Èöåö Úóäú æóÖúÚöåöãú Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÝóãóäóÚó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÈöãóÓúáóßóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó áóæú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó áóÒöãóåõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö äóÞúáó (2) Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÓóÇãöí æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõßóáøöÝðÇ áóåõãú ÈöÝóåúãö ãõÑóÇÏöåö ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóåõãú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõæäóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝõ ÇáúæóÇÑöÏõ Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÈöÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóæóÇÊõÑó.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÑúÖöíøóÉò¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ ÝóáöÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóåõæó ÝóÇÓöÏñ (3) Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö Ýöí åóÐöåö
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(1) Èóíøóäó ÔóíúÎõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö " Õ " 298 " Ì 7 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó áóãú íóäúÞõáúåóÇ æóáóãú íõÈúÞöåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÛóíøóÑóåóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÕóÇÑóÊú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáøõÛóÉö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáóåóÇ ãõÞóíøóÏóÉð áóÇ ãõØúáóÞóÉð ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÝøóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚó ÍóÞøóåõ æóÝóÕøóáó ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöíåö.
(2) (äóÞúáó) ãóÝúÚõæáõ (ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ)
(3) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÊöåö ÚóÞóáðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÇÏóÉð ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò æóáóÇ æóÇÞöÚñ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóÌö ÝóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ Èöåö: ÅöãøóÇ ÚõÞõæÈóÉð¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇãúÊöÍóÇäðÇ æóÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑðÇ ÝóÞóØú¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(1/35)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ åóÐóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ; ÅöÐú (1) áóæú ßóáøóÝóåõãú ÈöÝóåúãöåóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÊóÝúåöíãöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
Þóæúáõåõ: ÇáÊøóÝúåöíãõ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ¡ æóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÝúåöíãõåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóßúÑöíÑö æóÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÊóÖóÇÝöÑóÉö ãóÑøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ãóÑøóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóÇäö ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö ÇáÕøóÛöíÑö æóÇáúÃóÎúÑóÓö Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö áöãóÇ Ýöí ÖóãöíÑöåö áöÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö.
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙó ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóãóáó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöÛóíúÑö ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåóÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö áóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãöäú áöÓóÇäö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: " ÃóßúÑöãö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó " æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÌõåøóÇáó Ãóæö ÇáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ßóæúäó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ áóíúÓó áöÐóÇÊöåö æóÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ Èóáú áöÏóáóÇáóÊöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÖóÚóåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöÅöÒóÇÆöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåöãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóÇ ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÈöáöÓóÇäò ÚóÑóÈöíøò ãõÈöíäò} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäö Þóæúãöåö} æóÐóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÖóÚöíÝñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ÅöÐú áöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ ÃõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÎõÑõæÌõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøò ÝóãóÇ ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÚóÑóÈöíøñ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßõáøõåõ ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÙóæóÇåöÑö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö.
Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈößõáøöíøóÊöåö ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö ßóãóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöáÓøõæÑóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö: åóÐóÇ ÞõÑúÂäñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáúÌóãúÚö æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÑóÃóÊö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉõ áóÈóäóåóÇ Ýöí ÖóÑúÚöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóãóÚóÊúåõ¡ æóÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÇáúãóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóæúÖö Ãóíú ÌóãóÚúÊõåõ¡ æóÇáÓøõæÑóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ " Åöäú "(1/36)
áöÊóÃóáøõÝöåóÇ ãöäú ÍõÑõæÝò æóßóáöãóÇÊò æóÂíóÇÊò ÝóÕóÍøó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÃóäøóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóäóÇ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÒöíÒö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÈóÚúÖöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ÍóáóÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞúÑóÃõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÝóÞóÑóÃó ÓõæÑóÉð ãöäúåõ ÍóäöËó¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÞõÑúÂäðÇ áóãóÇ ÍóäöËó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Ãóãúßóäó Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö. (1) ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íõäúÒöáú ÅöáøóÇ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ æóÇáúßõáøõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ áóÒöãóÊö ÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó Çáúßõáøõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóãú íõäúÒöáú ÅöáøóÇ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõäúÒöáú ÛóíúÑó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚó ÞõÑúÂäñ æóÈóÚúÖõåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÞõÑúÂäò.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÞõÑúÂäò¡ æóåõæó ÕöÍøóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö Úóäö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö æóÇáúÂíóÉö åóÐóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãõÓóãøóÇÉö ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÚúÖó áóíúÓó ÈöÞõÑúÂäò ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÌõÒúÁó ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÑóßó ßõáøóåõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ ßóÇäó ãõÔóÇÑößðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇÓúãöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇááøóÍúãö áóÍúãñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÚóÙúãö ÚóÙúãñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãóÇÁö ãóÇÁñ ; áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Çáúßõáøö æóÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÐóáößó ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÔóÇÑößò áöáúßõáøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÐóáößó ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ÚóÔóÑóÉñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ãöÇÆóÉñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøóÛöíÝö ÑóÛöíÝñ¡ æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÏóÇÑñ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó. æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóãóÇ áóãú íõÈóíøöäõæÇ ßóæúäó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖó ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò
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(1) ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö Ì 2 ãöäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö.(1/37)
ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ. æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöÌõãúáóÊöåö ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉõ íõÓóãøóì ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøò ßóãóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÇáÒøöäúÌöíøõ ÃóÓúæóÏó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ ÇáúíóÓöíÑõ ãõÈúíóÖøðÇ ßóÃóÓúäóÇäöåö æóÔóÍúãóÉö Úóíúäóíúåö¡ æóÇáÑøõæãöíøõ ÃóÈúíóÖó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúíóÓöíÑõ ãöäúåõ ÃóÓúæóÏó ßóÇáäøóÇÙöÑö ãöäú Úóíúäóíúåö. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÈóíúÊõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöÚúÑö ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö íõÓóãøóì ÝóÇÑöÓöíøðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ßóáöãóÇÊò íóÓöíÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäú áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóãóáó Úóáóì ÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊò ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúáõæãóÉò áöáúÚóÑóÈö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ ÚóäúåóÇ Ýöí áõÛóÊöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåóÇ ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÊóÏõáøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÛóíúÑö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÖöíÚó ÅöíãóÇäóßõãú} æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÕóáóÇÊóßõãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö.
æóÚóáóì Þóæúáöåö: (ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó) æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö.
æóÚóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó) æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáäøóãóÇÁö æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú æõÌõæÈö ÃóÏóÇÁö ãóÇáò ãóÎúÕõæÕò.
æóÚóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " {ßõÊöÈó Úóáóíúßõãõ ÇáÕøöíóÇãõ} " æóÇáÕøóæúãõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ãõØúáóÞö ÅöãúÓóÇßò¡ æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÅöãúÓóÇßò ãóÎúÕõæÕò Èóáú æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÇáÕøóæúãõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉò áóÇ ÅöãúÓóÇßó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÂßöáö äóÇÓöíðÇ.
æóÚóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöáøóåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö} .(1/38)
æóÇáúÍóÌøõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ãõØúáóÞö ÞóÕúÏò¡ æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÕúÏö Åöáóì ãóßóÇäò ãóÎúÕõæÕò.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæóÑö Ýóåöíó ÃóÓúãóÇÄõåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉõ Ýóãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÅöäøóåóÇ ÃóÝúÚóÇáñ ãóÍúÓõæÓóÉñ ãóÚúáõæãóÉñ áöáúÚóÑóÈö æóãõÓóãøóÇÉñ ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÎóÇÕøóÉò áóåóÇ áõÛóÉñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó ÇÚúÊóÈóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýóåöíó ãóÍúãõæáóÉñ Úóáóì ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåóÇ áõÛóÉð.
ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÖöíÚó ÅöíãóÇäóßõãú} ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÊóÕúÏöíÞõßõãú ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó) ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ: (æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó) ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Çáäøõãõæøõ.
æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóæúãö ÇáúÅöãúÓóÇßõ¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøö ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÅöÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ æóÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ Öóãøó ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ. æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏõÎõæáó åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö áóßöäú ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó ÌõÒúÄõåóÇ¡ æóÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÈóÇÓöãö ÌõÒúÆöåö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
íõäóÇÔöÏõäöí ÍóÇãöíãó æóÇáÑøõãúÍõ ÔóÇÌöÑñ ... ÝóåóáøóÇ ÊóáóÇ ÍóÇãöíãó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóÞóÏøõãö.
æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó¡ ÝóÓóãøóÇåõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÌõÒúÆöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáúÍóÌøö.
æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÉó ÇáÕøóæúãö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáúÍóÌøö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö ÈöÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåö áõÛóÉð ßóãóÇ Ýöí áóÝúÙö(1/39)
ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ áóåõ æöáóÇíóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÕóÑøõÝö ßóãóÇ áöÃõåöáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóíóÎõÕøõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓõãøöíóÊú ÕóáóÇÉð áößóæúäöåóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÊúÈóÚõ ÈöåóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÇáöí áöáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãöäó ÇáúÎóíúáö íõÓóãøóì ãõÕóáøöíðÇ áößóæúäöåö ÊóÇÈöÚðÇ¡ æóíóÎõÕøõ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó Ãóäøó ÊóÓúãöíóÉó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÒóßóÇÉð ÈöÇÓúãö ÓóÈóÈöåö¡ æóÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö Úóäö ÇáúãõÓóÈøöÈö ÌóÇÆöÒñ áõÛóÉð¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ãöäó ÇááøõÛóÉö áóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÑõæÝõ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó áöÂÍóÇÏö ÇáÓøõæóÑö Ýóåöíó ÃóÚúáóÇãñ áóåóÇ æóáóíúÓóÊú áõÛóæöíøóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÔúÊóãóáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ÞóÏú ÃõØúáöÞó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÞóÏú ÃóØúáóÞóÊúåóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ãóÍúãõæáóÉñ Úóáóì ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊöåóÇ áõÛóÉð ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÅöÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ ÔõÑõæØðÇ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÈöÏõæäöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó (1) ãõÓóãøóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö åõæó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÏõÚóÇÁó ÝöíåóÇ¡ ßóÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÑóÓö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÝúåóãõ ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó Èöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÍúÏóåõ¡ æóÏóáöíáõåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÍóÇáóÉõ ßóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ÏóÇÚò¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ áóÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏó ÝóÑóÇÛöåö ãöäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÇÏó Åöáóíúåö íõÞóÇáõ: ÚóÇÏó Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ ãõÕóáøöíðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ãóÚó ÊóáóÈøõÓöåö ÈöÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÈóÇÓöãö ÌõÒúÆöåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ßõáøõ ÌõÒúÁò Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÌúÒóÇÁö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉó áóÇ ÊõÓóãøóì ÎóãúÓóÉñ¡ æóáóÇ Çáúßõáøõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÖõåõ íõÓóãøóì ÌõÒúÁðÇ¡ Åöáóì ÃóãúËöáóÉò ßóËöíÑóÉò áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì.
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(1) ÈóÏóÁó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ãóÍúãõæáóÉñ Úóáóì ãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊöåóÇ áõÛóÉð.(1/40)
æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈöíáö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó Ðóáößó ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöÌúÑóÇÁõ áóÝúÙö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóæúáóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáäøóÞúáõ æóÊóÛúíöíÑõ ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ËõÈõæÊó ÃóÕúáö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊó æóÖúÚò ÂÎóÑó. æóÇáúæóÖúÚõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøõ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÛúíöíÑñ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈó ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúÖóÇÚö ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁõ áóÇ ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑõ¡ æóÅöÏúÑóÇÌõ ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈö ÃóÛúáóÈõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: Èóáú ÌóÇäöÈõ ÇáúÎóÕúãö Ãóæúáóì ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈö ãóÌóÇÒò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÝóÝöíåö ÇÑúÊößóÇÈõ ãóÌóÇÒóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì. æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÇäúÏóÝóÚó Þóæúáõåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö áöáúÅöãóÇãö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÓóãøóì ÕóáóÇÉõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóÇáúãõäúÝóÑöÏö ÕóáóÇÉð áöÚóÏóãö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö: Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Óõãøöíó ÒóßóÇÉð ÈöÇÓúãö ÓóÈóÈöåö ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøó ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ ÒóßóÇÉð¡ ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóãóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúãóÇáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóãóÇÁõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö Úóäö ÇáúãõÓóÈøöÈö ÌóÇÆöÒñ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ãóæú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáÕøóíúÏö ÔóÈóßóÉð¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó äóÕúÈõåóÇ ÓóÈóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÇáöÇÈúäõ ÃóÈðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÈõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÇáúÚóÇáóãõ ÅöáóåðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÓóÈóÈðÇ áóåõ (1) ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÇÆöÑö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö Èöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö åõæó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö. æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ ÌóÝúæóÉñ æóÅöíåóÇãñ Ãóäú íóäúÔóÃó Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈõ Ïõæäó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ãöäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ¡ Ýóáóæö ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöÇáúãöËóÇáóíúäö ÞóÈúáõ áóßóÇäó ÃóÈúÚóÏó áóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó.(1/41)
: ( «ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈöÖúÚñ æóÓóÈúÚõæäó ÈóÇÈðÇ ÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÔóåóÇÏóÉõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÃóÏúäóÇåóÇ ÅöãóÇØóÉõ ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö» ) . Óóãøóì ÅöãóÇØóÉó ÇáúÃóÐóì ÅöíãóÇäðÇ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÏøöíäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÅöíÊóÇÁö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó} Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: {æóÐóáößó Ïöíäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãóÉö} ÝóßóÇäó ÑóÇÌöÚðÇ Åöáóì ßõáøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö.
æóÇáÏøöíäõ åõæó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáÏøöíäó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ} æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ åõæó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö åõæó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö.
æóÏóáöíáõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö åõæó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ ãöäú ÕóÇÍöÈöåö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íóÈúÊóÛö ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÏöíäðÇ Ýóáóäú íõÞúÈóáó ãöäúåõ} .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇÓúÊóËúäóì ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÎúÑóÌúäóÇ ãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó - ÝóãóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ÈóíúÊò ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó} æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóËúäóì ãöäú ÌöäúÓö ÇáúãõÓúÊóËúäóì ãöäúåõ. (1) æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÖöíÚó ÅöíãóÇäóßõãú} æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Åöáóì ÈóíúÊö ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóÇØöÚó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÄúãöäò áöÃóäøóåõ íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÚóÐóÇÈñ ÚóÙöíãñ} æóÇáÏøóÇÎöáõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ãóÎúÒöíøñ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö (2) {ÑóÈøóäóÇ Åöäøóßó ãóäú ÊõÏúÎöáö ÇáäøóÇÑó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÎúÒóíúÊóåõ} ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑö áóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÎúÒöíøòº áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ} . (3)
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(1) ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö íõØúáóÞõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÚóÞöíÏóÉð æóÚóãóáðÇ¡ æóÞóæúáðÇ æóÎõáõÞðÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÓõÄóÇáö ÌöÈúÑöíáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÉö ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãö ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ - ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÍøó - áöáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÅöíãóÇäò ÕóÍöíÍò íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÅöÓúáóÇãðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ¡ æóßõáøõ ÅöÓúáóÇãò ÕóÍöíÍò áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ÅöíãóÇäò ÕóÍöíÍò.
(2) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö
(3) ÞóÇØöÚõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö Åöäö ÇÓúÊóÍóáøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöãõÄúãöäò ãõØúáóÞó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóåóÐóÇ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÎöÒúíö æóíõÎóáøóÏõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÍöáøó ÞóØúÚó ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÝóãóÚóåõ ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóãõØúáóÞõåõ áóÇ ßóãóÇáõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóåõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÊõÕöíÈõåõ ÇáúãóÔöíÆóÉõ ÝóÞóÏú íóÏúÎõáõ ÇáäøóÇÑó áóßöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÎóáøóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ.(1/42)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ßóæúäöåö ÛóÇÝöáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöÇáäøóæúãö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö åõæó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó ÇááøõÛóæöíøó Ãóíö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞó áóÓõãøöíó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÔóÑöíßö ÇáúÅöáóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÄúãöäðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãóÚó ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ãõÄúãöäðÇ. . . Åöáóì äóÙóÇÆöÑöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ÐößúÑõåóÇ Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåóÇ: Åöäøó ÅöØúáóÇÞó ÇÓúãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáÕøóæúãö æóÇáúÍóÌøö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÅöãóÇØóÉö ÇáúÃóÐóì Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞö ÅöíãóÇäðÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áößóæúäöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ ÝóÚóÈøóÑó ÈóÇÓöãö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáö Úóäö ÇáÏøóÇáøö æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÌöåóÉñ ãöäú ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö. (1) ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑõ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö¡ ÝóíóÊóÞóÇÈóáóÇäö æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åöäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýóåõæó ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú áóãú ÊõÄúãöäõæÇ æóáóßöäú ÞõæáõæÇ ÃóÓúáóãúäóÇ} æóáóæö ÇÊøóÍóÏóÇ áóãóÇ ÕóÍøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóæúáõ (2) ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö Èóáö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ áöáÊøóÛóÇíõÑö äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÚöäúÏó ÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÊóÚóÏøõÏõ ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöº æóáöÆóáøóÇ íóáúÒóãó ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóäúÏóÝöÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÖöíÚó ÅöíãóÇäóßõãú} ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Õ " 35 " Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó ÈóÇÞöíóÉñ Úóáóì ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚó Öóãøó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÞõíõæÏðÇ ÊõÍóÏøöÏõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäúåóÇ Ýóáóãú íóÓúÊóÚúãöáúåóÇ ãõØúáóÞóÉð.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÇ ÊóÝúÓöíÑðÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊóáúÒóãó ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÇáúÂÎóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÚúäóíóÇäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö ÈöÇáäøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóäóÝúíõ ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Úóäúåõãú¡ æóÃóäøó ÅöÓúáóÇãóåõãú ßóÇäó ÎóæúÝó ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáÓøóÈúíö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí: äóÝúíõ ßóãóÇáö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÏøóÚóæúåõ¡ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö íóßõæäõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÊóáóÇÒõãñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóáúÈö¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí íóßõæäõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÊóáóÇÒõãñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö.(1/43)
áóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÛúíöíÑó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÓõãøöíóÊú ÈöÇÓúãö ãóÏúáõæáóåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãóÌóÇÒñ ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó áóÇ íõÎúÒöí Çááøóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó æóÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ãóÚóåõ} áóÇ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ßõáøó ãõÄúãöäò Èóáú ãóäú Âãóäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ (1) æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÃõæáóÆößó áóãú íóÕúÏõÑú ãöäúåõãú ãóÇ Ïóáøó ÕóÏúÑõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ ãöäó ÇáúÍöÑóÇÈö áöáøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóÇáÓøóÚúíö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÈöÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈó ÏõÎõæáó ÇáäøóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú äóÝúíö ÇáúÎöÒúíö Úóãøóäú Âãóäó ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö äóÝúíõåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÍóÇáóÉó ßóæúäöåö ÛóÇÝöáðÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöÇááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ãõÕóÏøöÞðÇ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÄõæáõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö¡ æóåõæó ÌöåóÉñ ãöäú ÌöåóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö.
æóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÌóæóÇÈóåõ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóÇÒöãñ áóåõãú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íõÝóÓøöÑõæäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Èöåö¡ æóãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö ÝóÊóÞúÑöíÑõ ÇáúæóÖúÚö Ãóæúáóì.
æóÇáúãõÕóÏøöÞõ ÈöÔóÑöíßö ÇáúÅöáóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóíúÓó ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ãõØúáóÞñ áóíúÓó ÊóÕúÏöíÞñ Èóáú ÊóÕúÏöíÞñ ÎóÇÕøñ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÈöãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú Èöåö ÑõÓõáõåõ¡ åõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ áõÛóæöíøðÇ¡ æóÈöåö íóäúÏóÝöÚõ ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöÇááøóåö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö áóãú íõæÌóÏú.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÖóÚúÝõ ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ ÚöäúÏöí Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÅöãúßóÇäõ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈóíúäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ãöäúåõãóÇ ÝóÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ. (2)
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(1) Èóáú íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ßõáøó ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö Ýöí Òóãóäöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÏöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÚöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÎöÒúíö¡ æóÝöí ÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö æóáóæú ãöãøóäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Òóãóäöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí ãöäú ÃóÌúáöåö ÃóßúÑóãó Çááøóåõ ãóäú Âãóäó Ýöí ÚóåúÏöåö ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåöãú æóæóÚúÏõåõ ÔóÇãöáñ ÇáúÌóãöíÚó.
(2) ãöäú ÊóÌóÇæóÒó ÍóÏøóåõ Ýöí ÈóÍúËöåö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ßõáøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáò íóÎúØõÑõ ÈöÈóÇáöåö¡ æóßóËõÑó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÌóÏóáðÇ ÊóÖóÇÑóÈóÊú áóÏóíúåö ÇáúÂÑóÇÁõ æóÇÓúÊóæúáóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóíúÑóÉõ.(1/44)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Ýöí ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö¡ ÝóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ. (1) ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúãõËúÈöÊöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóÓóÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇáÔøõÌóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇáúÈóáöíÏö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõãú: ÙóåúÑõ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö æóãóÊúäõåóÇ¡ æóÝõáóÇäñ Úóáóì ÌóäóÇÍö ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ æóÔóÇÈóÊú áöãøóÉõ Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÞóÇãóÊö ÇáúÍóÑúÈõ Úóáóì ÓóÇÞò¡ æóßóÈöÏõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÁö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöØúáóÇÞõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö áõÛóÉð ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõäúßóÑõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ÚöäóÇÏò¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉñ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö Îõáõæøö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãóÇ Óöæóì ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝöíåóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ ÓöæóÇåóÇ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.
ÝóÅöäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáúÃóÓóÏö ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÈõÚö¡ æóÇáúÍöãóÇÑö Ýöí ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö¡ æóÇáÙøóåúÑö æóÇáúãóÊúäö æóÇáÓøóÇÞö æóÇáúßóÈöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÚúÖóÇÁö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóíóæóÇäö¡ æóÇááøöãøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÚúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇæóÒó ÔóÍúãóÉó ÇáúÃõÐõäö. æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö áóßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ÚöäúÏó ÅöØúáóÇÞö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉö. æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞó Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃóÓóÏö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÓøóÈõÚõ¡ æóãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÍöãóÇÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö áóãú ÊóÒóáú ÊóÊóäóÇÞóáõ Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåóÇ æóßõÊõÈöåóÇ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúæóÖúÚö ÊóÓúãöíóÉó åóÐóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóåóÐóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ. (2)
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(1) ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÈóÍúËö ÊóÞúÓöíãö ÇááøóÝúÙö Åöáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉò æóãóÌóÇÒò Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö " æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúãóÏóäöíøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.
(2) áóãú íóËúÈõÊú äóÞúáñ Úóãøóäú æóÖóÚõæÇ ÇááøõÛóÉó ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉó¡ æóãóäú íóÍúÊóÌøõ ÈößóáóÇãöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÓøóãõæÇ ÇááøóÝúÙó Åöáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉò æóãóÌóÇÒò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÕúØöáóÇÍñ ÍóÇÏöËñ ÈóÏóÃó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö æóÇÔúÊóåóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÑúäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö.(1/45)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áóÝúÙñ ãóÌóÇÒöíøñ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÝöíÏó ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò Ãóæú áóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ãóÚó ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÕõæÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÅöáøóÇ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÚóÈøóÑó ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö ÝöíåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò ÈóÚöíÏñ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö æóÇáúÈóáóÇÛóÉö Ýöí æóÖúÚöåöãú.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøõåúÑóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúãóÌóÇÒö Óöæóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÝúÙöíøñ (1) ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉó ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Ïõæäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÕöÝóÉð áöáúãóÌúãõæÚö.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÇáúÎöÝøóÉö Úóáóì ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ Ãóæú áöãõÓóÇÚóÏóÊöåö Ýöí æóÒúäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö äóÙúãðÇ æóäóËúÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉõ¡ æóÇáúãõÌóÇäóÓóÉõ¡ æóÇáÓøóÌúÚõ¡ æóÞóÕóÏõ ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö¡ æóÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö áöáÊøóÍúÞöíÑö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
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(1) ÌóÚóáó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞöíóãö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäó ÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó ÍóÞöíÞöíøðÇ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ.(1/46)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì:
ÝóäóÝóÇåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉõ¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó. (1) ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ} ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ßõäøóÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúÚöíÑó ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÞúÈóáúäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ} ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÌöÏóÇÑðÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóäúÞóÖó} .
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóæú ÍóÐóÝúÊó ÇáúßóÇÝó ÈóÞöíó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøðÇ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö æóÇáúÚöíÑö æóåöíó ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãõ.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÉö áöÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÌöÏóÇÑö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó Íóãúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö Úóáóì ÙóæóÇåöÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÍúãõæáóÉð Úóáóíúåö åõæó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ} Ýóåõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí äóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö ; ÅöÐö ÇáúßóÇÝõ áöáÊøóÔúÈöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÓúÃóáö ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó} ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãõÌúÊóãóÚõ ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÇáúãóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÍóæúÖö Ãóíú ÌóãóÚúÊõåõ¡ æóÞóÑóÃóÊö ÇáäøóÇÞóÉõ áóÈóäóåóÇ Ýöí ÖóÑúÚöåóÇ Ãóíú ÌóãóÚóÊúåõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ áöãóäú ÕóÇÑó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáÖøöíóÇÝóÉö: ãõÞúÑöí¡ æóíóÞúÑöí áöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÖúíóÇÝö ÚöäúÏóåõ. æóÓõãøöíó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ áöÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöÇÔúÊöãóÇáöåö Úóáóì ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáÓøõæóÑö æóÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöíÑõ Ýóåöíó ÇáúÞóÇÝöáóÉõ æóãöäú ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö. Ëõãøó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö áöáúÌõÏúÑóÇäö æóÇáúÚöíÑö áöáúÈóåóÇÆöãö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÅöäúØóÇÞöåóÇ¡ æóÒóãóäõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Òóãóäõ ÎóÑúÞö ÇáúÚóæóÇÆöÏö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ äõØúÞõåóÇ ÈöÓõÄóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö áóåóÇ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ " 107 " æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö 7 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.(1/47)
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÌöÏóÇÑðÇ íõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú íóäúÞóÖó} ÝóãóÍúãõæáñ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÎóáúÞõ ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö Ýöíåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó ßóÐöÈñ¡ æóáöÐóáößó íóÕúÏõÞõ äóÝúíõåõ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö áöáúÈóáöíÏö (ÍöãóÇÑñ) æóáöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇáÔøõÌóÇÚö (ÃóÓóÏñ) ¡ æóäóÞöíÖõ ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö íóßõæäõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒó åõæó ÇáÑøóßöíßõ ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöãøóÇ íõÕóÇäõ Úóäúåõ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈößóÐöÈò¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö Ëõãøó ÇáúÚóÌúÒõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóíóÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáÑøóÈøõ Úóäú Ðóáößó.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝò Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÌúÒö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö Ïõæäó ÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóÎúÝóì ÝóíóÞóÚõ ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈö¡ æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ ãöäó ÇáúÍóßöíãö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáöÇáúÊöÈóÇÓö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇØóÈó ÈöÇáúãóÌóÇÒö æóÌóÈó æóÕúÝõåõ Èößóæúäöåö ãõÊóÌóæøöÒðÇ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäøóÇ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍóÞøñ Ýóáóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ãõÞóÇÈöáóÉñ áöáúãóÌóÇÒö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáõåõãú: {áóíúÓó ßóãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ} áöäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúßóÇÝõ åóÇåõäóÇ áöáÊøóÔúÈöíåö áóßóÇäó ãóÚúäóì ÇáäøóÝúíö: áóíúÓó ãöËúáó ãöËúáöåö ÔóíúÁñ¡ æóåõæó ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ãöËúáñ áöãóËóáöåö¡ ÝóÇáúãöËúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÒóÇÆöÏñ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú ãöËúáõßó áóÇ íóÞõæáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑößõ áóåõ Ýöí ÕöÝóÇÊöåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóãöÚõæäó¡ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉó åöíó ÇáúãóÍóáøõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÞóÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ áóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó Óõãøöíó ÇáÒøóãóÇäõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö íóÌúÊóãöÚõ Ïóãõ ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÞõÑúÁð¡ æóßóÐóáößó íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúÞóÇÑöíøõ áöÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÇáúãõÞúÑöí áöÌóÇãöÚö ÇáúÃóÖúíóÇÝö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÚöíÑó åöíó ÇáúÞóÇÝöáóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóãöÚóÉõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö áóÇ äóÝúÓö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöãõÌúÊóãóÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚóåõãú ÈóåóÇÆöãõ: ÞóÇÝöáóÉñ.(1/48)
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóæú ÓóÃóáó áóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÌõÏúÑóÇäö æóÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÞöÚò Úóáóì æöÝúÞö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö¡ Èóáú Åöäú æóÞóÚó ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÍóÏøöí ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Èöåö. æóáóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó æóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÎóíøõáõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ ãóÚó ÈõÚúÏöåö ÝóÈöãóÇÐóÇ íóÚúÊóÐöÑõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ} æóÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÑöíóÉò¡ æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÔúÊóÚóáó ÇáÑøóÃúÓõ ÔóíúÈðÇ} æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÔúÊóÚöáò¡ æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÎúÝöÖú áóåõãóÇ ÌóäóÇÍó ÇáÐøõáøö} æóÇáÐøõáøõ áóÇ ÌóäóÇÍó áóåõ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáúÍóÌøõ ÃóÔúåõÑñ ãóÚúáõæãóÇÊñ} æóÇáúÃóÔúåõÑõ áóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÇáúÍóÌøõ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÙóÑúÝñ áöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóåõÏøöãóÊú ÕóæóÇãöÚõ æóÈöíóÚñ æóÕóáóæóÇÊñ} æóÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ áóÇ ÊõåóÏøóãõ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Ãóæú ÌóÇÁó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú ãöäó ÇáúÛóÇÆöØö} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Çááøóåõ äõæÑõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {ÝóÇÚúÊóÏõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÏóì Úóáóíúßõãú} æóÇáúÞöÕóÇÕõ áóíúÓó ÈöÚõÏúæóÇäö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÌóÒóÇÁõ ÓóíøöÆóÉò ÓóíøöÆóÉñ ãöËúáõåóÇ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {Çááøóåõ íóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõ Èöåöãú} ¡ {æóíóãúßõÑõæäó æóíóãúßõÑõ Çááøóåõ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {ßõáøóãóÇ ÃóæúÞóÏõæÇ äóÇÑðÇ áöáúÍóÑúÈö ÃóØúÝóÃóåóÇ Çááøóåõ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÍóÇØó Èöåöãú ÓõÑóÇÏöÞõåóÇ} Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÕóì ÐößúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒóÇÊö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÈöãóäúÚö ßóæúäö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóäú áóæú ÃóËúÈóÊó Ðóáößó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ãõÓúÊóÞúÈóÍñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäóÇÊö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøóåõ ãöäú Ñóßöíßö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒõ ÃóÝúÕóÍó æóÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö ÇáúÈóáöíÛö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÈöãóäúÚö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ÈöÇáúÚóÌúÒö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ. (1)
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(1) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøöíäó Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(1/49)
ßóíúÝó æóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÕõæãö ÝöíãóÇ æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÇÊö¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÇÊö¿ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ áóäóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íõÓóãøó ãõÊóÌóæøöÒðÇ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæåöãõ ÇáÊøóÓóãøõÍõ Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö ÈöÇáúÞóÈöíÍö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: (ÝõáóÇäñ ãõÊóÌóæøöÒñ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáöåö) . . . (1) ¡ ÝóíõÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóáóãú íóÑöÏú.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ÝóÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ÕöÏúÞðÇ áóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáóÉö áöáúãóÌóÇÒö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉò ÛóíúÑö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉò ÛóíúÑö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÚößúÑöãóÉõ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó. (2) ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóæú ÌóÚóáúäóÇåõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÃóÚúÌóãöíøðÇ áóÞóÇáõæÇ áóæúáóÇ ÝõÕøöáóÊú ÂíóÇÊõåõ ÃóÃóÚúÌóãöíøñ æóÚóÑóÈöíøñ} ÝóäóÝóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÚúÌóãöíøðÇ æóÞóØóÚó ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖóåõãú ÈöÊóäóæøõÚöåö Èóíúäó ÃóÚúÌóãöíøò æóÚóÑóÈöíøò¡ æóáóÇ íóäúÊóÝöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ æóÝöíåö ÃóÚúÌóãöíøñ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÈöáöÓóÇäò ÚóÑóÈöíøò ãõÈöíäò} ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: {ÅöäøóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ} æóÙóÇåöÑõ Ðóáößó íõäóÇÝöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÑóÈöíøò.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó áöÐóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì: ÇáúãöÔúßóÇÉö æóåöíó åöäúÏöíøóÉñ¡ æóÅöÓúÊóÈúÑóÞò æóÓöÌøöíáò ÈöÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøóÉö¡ æóØå ÈöÇáäøóÈúØöíøóÉö¡ æóÞöÓúØóÇÓò ÈöÇáÑøõæãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÈøö æóåöíó ßóáöãóÉñ áóÇ ÊóÚúÑöÝõåóÇ ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ.
æóáöÐóáößó Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÊóáóÇ åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉó ÞóÇáó: åóÐöåö ÇáúÝóÇßöåóÉõ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÈøõ
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(1) áóÚóáøó Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÓóÞúØðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ Çááøóåö ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøóÉñ ÝóíõÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ.
(2) ÇÑúÌöÚú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Åöáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÉö ÊóÝúÓöíÑö ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøö Õ 8 - 20 Ì 1¡ æóÅöáóì ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÞóÕúÏö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ýöí æóÖúÚö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö áöáúÃóÝúåóÇãö Ì 2 ãöäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö.(1/50)
ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóáöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÈúÚõæËñ Åöáóì Ãóåúáö ßõáøö áöÓóÇäò ßóÇÝøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóÇÝøóÉð áöáäøóÇÓö ÈóÔöíÑðÇ æóäóÐöíÑðÇ} ¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ( «ÈõÚöËúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÇáúÃóÍúãóÑö» ) .
ÝóáóÇ íõäúßóÑõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßöÊóÇÈõåõ ÌóÇãöÚðÇ áöáõÛóÉö Çáúßõáøö ; áöíóÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÎöØóÇÈõåõ áöáúßõáøö ÅöÚúÌóÇÒðÇ æóÈóíóÇäðÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íóÏøóÚö Ãóäøóåõ ßóáóÇãõåõ Èóáú ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÑóÈøö ÇáúÚóÇáóãöíäó ÇáúãõÍöíØö ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Êóßóáøõãõåõ ÈöÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÝúåõæãðÇ áöáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÈöÏúÚðÇ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÊóÖóãøõäöåö áöáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÇÊö æóÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãóÉö Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæóÑö.
ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉð¡ æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: ÓöÑúæóÇáñ ÈóÏóáõ ÓóÑóÇæöíáó¡ æóÝöí Þóæúáöåöãú ÊóäøõæÑõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ýöíåö ÌóãöíÚõ ÇááøõÛóÇÊö æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÎóÝóÇÁö ßóáöãóÉö ÇáúÃóÈøö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÚóÑóÈöíøðÇ ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö ãöãøóÇ ÃóÍóÇØó ÈöåóÇ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóÇ ßõäúÊõ ÃóÏúÑöí ãóÇ ãóÚúäóì: {ÝóÇØöÑö ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö} ÍóÊøóì ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÊóÞõæáõ ÃóäóÇ ÝóØóÑúÊõåõ Ãóíö ÇÈúÊóÏóÃúÊõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúËóÊõåõ Åöáóì Çáúßõáøö ÝóáóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Ðóáößó ÇÔúÊöãóÇáó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÒöãó ÇÔúÊöãóÇáõåõ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö¡ æóáóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑõ ãöäú ßõáøö áõÛóÉò Úóáóì ßóáöãóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò áöÊóÚóÐøõÑö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö æóÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇÒö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóáóÇãõ Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÍöíØõ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö æóáóßöäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõåõ ÝóáóÇ íóÞóÚõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö.(1/51)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáÎáÇÝ ÝíãÇ íÍÊÇÌ Åáíå ÇáÇÓã Ýí ÅØáÇÞå Úáì ãÓãÇå ÇáãÌÇÒí]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáöÇÓúãö Úóáóì ãõÓóãøóÇåõ ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö: åóáú íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÕõæÑóÉò Åöáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóäúÞõæáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö¡ Ãóæú íóßúÝöí Ýöíåö ÙõåõæÑõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ßóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ. (1) Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÔóÑóØó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÞúáó ãóÚó ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöØõæäó áöáäøóÞúáö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóæö ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö áóÌóÇÒó ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö äóÎúáóÉð áöãõÔóÇÈóåóÊöåö áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáØøõæáö ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö¡ æóáöÌóÇÒó ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáÕøóíúÏö ÔóÈóßóÉð¡ æóÇáËøóãóÑóÉö ÔóÌóÑóÉð¡ æóÙöáøö ÇáúÍóÇÆöØö ÍóÇÆöØðÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÈúäö ÃóÈðÇ ÊóÚúÈöíÑðÇ Úóäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö¡ æóåöíó ãöäó ÇáúÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÕóÍøöÍóÉö áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú äóÞúáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÍóÞøõÞõ ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö Èóíúäó ãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóãóÍóáøö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ßóÇÝöíðÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáöÇÓúãö Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ æóÍóíúËõ æõÌöÏóÊö ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉõ ÇáúãõÌóæøöÒóÉõ áöáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøõæóÑö æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÞöÈóáö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö áóÇ áöáÊøóæóÞøõÝö Úóáóì äóÞúáö ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåöãú áöáöÇÓúãö ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÕõæÕö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú áóãú íóßõäú äóÞúáõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÝóÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ (2) ÈóÇÓöãö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ãõÎúÊóÑóÚñ áöáúæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöãóÇ íóÃúÊöí. (3) æóÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö. (4)
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(1) ÈóÍúËõ ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö æóÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Õ 400 - 499 Ì 20 ãöäú ÝóÊóÇæóì ÔóíúÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.
(2) ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞõ áöáøõÛóÉö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó áóßóÇäó ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÅöáóÎú ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÁó áóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö " áóæú " æóáóÇ ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáöÇÓúãöíøóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÞúÑõæäóÉð ÈöÇááøóÇãö¡ Úóáóì ÊóÃúæöíáò Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóáóæú Ãóäøóåõãú ÂãóäõæÇ æóÇÊøóÞóæúÇ áóãóËõæÈóÉñ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö ÎóíúÑñ) .
(3) Ãóíú ãóäú ãóäóÚó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö.
(4) áóæú ÞóÇáó: æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóáúÒóãõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áóßóÇäó ÃóæúÝóÞó áöÞóæóÇÚöÏö ÇááøõÛóÉö.(1/52)
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóäúÕöíÕö Ýöí ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Èóáú Ëóãøó ÞöÓúãñ ËóÇáöËñ (1) ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú ÊóäõÕøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ßõáøöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóÇ ßóÇäó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäóåõ ÚóáóÇÞóÉñ ãóäúÕõæÕñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãöäú ÞöÈóáöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúãóÌóÇÒö ÅöáøóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú áõÛóÊöåöãú.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ áóßóÇäó ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãöäúåõãú ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞðÇ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÃóÕúáö íõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúãóäúÚö æóãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúãóäúÚö ÝóáóÇ ãõØúáóÞó æóÝöíåö ÚóæóÕñ. (2) æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÅöØúáóÇÞó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÈóÍúËò æóäóÙóÑò ÏóÞöíÞò Ýöí ÇáúÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúãõÕóÍøöÍóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáäøóÞúáöíøõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó äóÞúáöíøðÇ áóãóÇ ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ Èóáú áóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÞúáõ Ýöíåö ßóÇÝöíðÇ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÇáäøóÙóÑõ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúáö Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ãóÍóáøö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóáóÇÞóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ãóÌóÇÒñ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáöÇÓúãö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö áóÇ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÞóÇæóãóÊö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÝóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÙöÑö ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö.
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈñ ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÍóÕúÑö.
(2) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÚöæóÖñ(1/53)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇáöÇÓúãõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑößó Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåö ßóËöíÑõæäó Ãóæú íóÕöÍøõ]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈóÞóÇÁó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ãöäúåóÇ åóáú íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇáöÇÓúãõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑößó Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåö ßóËöíÑõæäó Ãóæú íóÕöÍøõ.
ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÚóáóãö ßóÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÕöÝóÉð Ãóæú åõæó ÕöÝóÉñ.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÌöäúÓö¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóíúäðÇ ßóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó Úóíúäò ßóÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÌóåúáö.
æóÇáÕøöÝóÉõ ßóÇáúÞóÇÆöãö æóÇáúÞóÇÚöÏö¡ æóåõæó ÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøõ¡ æóÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøõ åõæó ãóÇ ÛõíøöÑó ãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí Úóäú Ôóßúáöåö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ãóæú äõÞúÕóÇäò Ýöí ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö Ãóæú ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ æóÌõÚöáó ÏóÇáøðÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÚóáóì ãóæúÖõæÚò áóåõ ÛóíúÑö ãõÚóíøóäò ßóÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÌöÓúãö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÇáÓøóæóÇÏõ ÃóÓúæóÏó¡ æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖõ ÃóÈúíóÖó æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøõ ÅöáøóÇ ßóÐóáößó.
æóåóáú íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÞöíóÇãõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ãöäúåóÇ ÈöãóÇ áóåõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞõ¿ æóåóáú íóáúÒóãõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞõ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö áöãóÇ ÞóÇãóÊú Èöåö¿ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõãú ÌóæøóÒõæÇ ÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞó ÇÓúãö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäú ßóáóÇãò ãóÎúáõæÞò áóåõ ÛóíúÑö ÞóÇÆöãò ÈöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íõæÌöÈõæÇ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞó ãöäúåõ áöáúãóÍóáøö ÇáøóÐöí ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝúäóÇ ãóÃúÎóÐó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí " ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö " ÝóáúíõáúÊóãóÓú. (1) ãóÓóÇÆöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
Ýöí Ãóäøó ÈóÞóÇÁó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ãöäúåóÇ åóáú íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ Þóæúãñ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÂÎóÑõæäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÕóáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Èóíúäó ãóÇ åõæó ãõãúßöäõ ÇáúÍõÕõæáö æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ãõãúßöäðÇ¡ ÝóÇÔúÊóÑóØó Ðóáößó Ýöí Çáúãõãúßöäö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö.
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(1) íõáúÊóãóÓõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÈöÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Åöáóì ßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÕöíóÇäóÉð áöáúÚóÞöíÏóÉö ãöãøóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóáóÇãò äóÝúÓöíøò ÞóÏöíãò áöáøóåö áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÑúÝò æóáóÇ ÕóæúÊò æóáóÇ. . . .(1/54)
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöØõæäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö Úóáóì ÔóÎúÕò ãóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÖóÇÆöåö (1) ÕöÝóÉö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ãöäúåõ áóãóÇ ÕóÍøó äóÝúíõåõ¡ æóíóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö áóíúÓó ÈöÖóÇÑöÈò.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÕöÍøóÉõ ÓóáúÈö ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈöíøóÉö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÓóáúÈõåóÇ Úóäúåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; ÅöÐú (2) áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÃóÚóãøó ãöäó ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÓóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÎóÕøö ÓóáúÈõ ÇáúÃóÚóãøö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: " Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö åóÐóÇ ÖóÇÑöÈñ " áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Óöæóì ßóæúäöåö ÖóÇÑöÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Óõáøöãó ÕöÍøóÉõ ÓóáúÈöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ Èóáö ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈõ åõæó ãóäú ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóåõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÝóÇáÖøóÇÑöÈõ ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æóßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÍõÕõæáó ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö ; áöÇäúÞöÓóÇãöåö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóÇáúÍóÇáö Ýóåõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö ÃóíúÖðÇ ; áöÇäúÞöÓóÇãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÕóÏóÞó ÇÓúãõ ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóÚóãøö¡ Ýóáúíóßõäö ÇÓúãó ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö ãöäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÒóæóÇáö ÇáÖøóÑúÈö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ãóäú ÍóÕóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóì ãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÕóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÕöÏúÞö ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ¡ ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó ÈöæõÌõæåò:
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö
(2) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú(1/55)
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇááøõÛóÉö ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãóÇÖöí áóÇ íóÚúãóáõ Úóãóáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÖóÇÑöÈõ ÒóíúÏðÇ ÃóãúÓö ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö¡ Èóáú íõÞóÇáõ: ÖóÇÑöÈñ ÒóíúÏò¡ ÃóØúáóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÇ ÕóÏóÑó Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÇÖöí.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó æõÌõæÏõ ãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞõ ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö æóÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÃóÕúáðÇ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãöäúåõ æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÈöãóÌúãõæÚö ÍõÑõæÝöåö æóÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏó áöáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ßóæúäöåö ãõÊóßóáøöãðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÂÎóÑö ÌõÒúÁò ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÏö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÕóÍøó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãõÊóßóáøöãò ÅöÐú åõæó áóÇÒöãõ äóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö¡ æóáóãóÇ ÍóäóËó ãóäú ÍóáóÝó Ãóäøó ÝõáóÇäðÇ áóãú íóÊóßóáøóãú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóÅöäøóäöí áóÇ Ãõßóáøöãõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú Êóßóáøóãó Ãóæú ßóáøóãóåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Åöäøó ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈó ãóäú ÍóÕóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ¡ æóãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÝóßóÇäó ÖóÇÑöÈðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö Úóãöáó Úóãóáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóÞöíáó: ÖóÇÑöÈñ ÒóíúÏðÇ ÛóÏðÇ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò ÃóíúÖðÇ ; ÅöÐú áöáúÎöÕúãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÔóÑúØõ ßóæúäö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æõÌõæÏõ ãóÇ ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÞóÇÞõ Åöäú Ãóãúßóäó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóæõÌõæÏõ ÂÎóÑö ÌõÒúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáÖøóÇÑöÈö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ãóäö ÇáÖøóÑúÈõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ãöäúåõ ÍóÇáóÉó ÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÖóÇÑöÈðÇ¡ Ëõãøó íóáúÒóãõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÃóÌöáøóÇÁö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÝóÑóÉð ; áöãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÞóÇÚöÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÚöÏö ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ; áöãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÚõæÏö æóÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóåúáö ÇááøöÓóÇäö.
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÚöäúÏöí Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÚóáóíúßó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö.(1/56)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö åóáú ËóÈóÊóÊú ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö: åóáú ËóÈóÊóÊú ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ãõÚúÙóãõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉõ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö ãóÚó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÌóÑóíóÇäö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ýöí ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö æóÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãöº ÝóáößóæúäöåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóæúÖõæÚóÉò áöãóÚóÇäò ãõæÌöÈóÉò áóåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú ãóÚúäðì ÌóÇãöÚò: ÅöãøóÇ ãõÚóÑøöÝñ æóÅöãøóÇ ÏóÇÚò¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ÓöíÈóæóíúåö æóåóÐóÇ ÌóÇáöíäõæÓõ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö¡ Èóáú ãóÚúäóÇåõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÇÝöÙõ ßöÊóÇÈö ÓöíÈóæóíúåö æóÚöáúãö ÌóÇáöíäõæÓó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÞóÑóÃúÊõ ÓöíÈóæóíúåö æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ßöÊóÇÈõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁõ ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉõ áöáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ßóÇáúÚóÇáöãö æóßóÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö¡ ÝóáöÃóäøóåóÇ æóÇÌöÈóÉõ ÇáöÇØøöÑóÇÏö ; äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ãóÚúäóì ÇáöÇÓúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÚóÇáöãö ãóäú ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ßõáøö ãóäú ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÚóÇáöãö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ; ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ÞöíóÇÓõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÓóãøóíóíúäö (1) ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓóãøóì Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö Úóáóì ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåóÇ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉð áöãóÚóÇäò Ýöí ãóÍóÇáøöåóÇ æõÌõæÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÎóãúÑö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíÐö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåö áöáúãõÚúÊóÕóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÚöäóÈö Ýöí ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÇáúãõØúÑöÈóÉö ÇáúãõÎóãøöÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈøóÇÔö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåö áöáÓøóÇÑöÞöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúãóÇáö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÎõÝúíóÉö¡ æóßóÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáÒøóÇäöí Úóáóì ÇááøóÇÆöØö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåö áöáÒøóÇäöí Ýöí ÅöíáóÇÌö ÇáúÝóÑóÌö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö. æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÞöíóÇÓó ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõäúÞóáõ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ãóäøóåõãú æóÖóÚõæÇ ÇÓúãó ÇáúÎóãúÑö áößõáøö ãõÓúßöÑò¡ Ãóæú áöáúãõÚúÊóÕóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÚöäóÈö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ Ãóæú áóãú íõäúÞóáú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö ËóÇÈöÊñ áöáäøóÈöíÐö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉõ Êóßõæäõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Úóäúåõãú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú áõÛóÊöåöãú.
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(1) Ãóíö ÇáúÌõÒúÆóíúäö(1/57)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ÇáúÌóÇãöÚõ ÇáøóÐöí Èöåö ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÏóáöíáðÇ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóãóáó¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó ÝóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö. ÝóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉõ Êóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉð.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ÇáúÌóÇãöÚõ æóÅöäö ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ßóæúäöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ ÃóÙúåóÑó¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúãó ÏóÇÑó ãóÚó ÇáúæóÕúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æõÌõæÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ¡ æóÇáÏøóæóÑóÇäõ Ïóáöíáõ ßóæúäö æõÌõæÏö ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÃóãóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúãö ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú æõÌõæÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÚö æõÌõæÏõ ÇáöÇÓúãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓóãøóÊú ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåöãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó æóÕóÝõæÇ ÇáúÝóÇÚöáó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÑõÝöÚó æóÇáúãóÝúÚõæáó äõÕöÈó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÕóÝõæÇ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáöíäó æóÇáúãóÝúÚõæáöíäó¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáöÇÓúãõ ãõØøóÑöÏñ Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöäóÇ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÅöäúÓóÇäò æóÝóÑóÓò æóÝóÇÚöáò æóãóÝúÚõæáò¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ íóÇ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóÈúÕóÇÑö} æóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÞöíóÇÓò¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöíåö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ãõÊøóÈóÚñ¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÝóÅöäøóåõ Óóãøóì ÇáäøóÈöíÐó ÎóãúÑðÇ æóÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöÔõÑúÈöåö æóÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÍóÏøó Úóáóì ÇááøóÇÆöØö ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÒøöäóì¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉó Ýöí íóãöíäö ÇáúÛóãõæÓö ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì Çáúíóãöíäö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö æóÊóÃóæøóáó ÍóÏöíËó ( «ÇáÔøõÝúÚóÉõ áöáúÌóÇÑö» ) ÈöÍóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÑöíßö Ýöí ÇáúãóãóÑøö¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ ÊõÓóãøöí ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉó ÌóÇÑðÇ ÝóÇáÔøóÑöíßõ Ãóæúáóì.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ÏóæóÑóÇäó ÇáöÇÓúãö ãóÚó ÇáúæóÕúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æõÌõæÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÚöáøóÉð áöáöÇÓúãö ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ÏóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóíúåö æóÈóÇÚöËðÇ¡ Èóáú Åöäú ßóÇäó æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ÝóÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ÃóãóÇÑóÉð¡ æóßóãóÇ ÏóÇÑó ãóÚó ÇÓúãö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ãóÚó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÇáúãõØúÑöÈóÉö ÏóÇÑó ãóÚó ÎõÕõæÕö ÔóÏøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÕóÑö ãöäó ÇáúÚöäóÈö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏò Ýöí ÇáäøóÈöíÐö ÝóáóÇ ÞöíóÇÓó¡(1/58)
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõäúÊóÞóÖñ ÈöÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö áöáÑøóÌõáö ÇáØøóæöíáö äóÎúáóÉð¡ æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö ÃóÏúåóãó æóÇáúãõáóæøóäö ÈöÇáúÈóíóÇÖö æóÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÃóÈúáóÞó¡ æóÇáöÇÓúãõ Ýöíåö ÏóÇÆöÑñ ãóÚó ÇáúæóÕúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö æõÌõæÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó áóãú íõÓóãøõæÇ ÇáúÝóÑóÓó æóÇáúÌóãóáó áöØõæáöåö äóÎúáóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ÇáúãõÓúæóÏøó ÃóÏúåóãó¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãõÊóáóæøöäó ãöäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäóÇÊö ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö ÃóÈúáóÞó¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõåõãú Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÌóæóÇÈõäóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏõ Èöåö áóãú íóßõäú ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó¡ Èóáö ÇáúÚóÑóÈõ æóÖóÚóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó áöáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÚõãõæãö áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ æóÖóÚóÊúåóÇ áöáúãõÚóíøóäö Ëõãøó ØõÑöÏó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÞöí.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ÈöãóäúÚö ÇáúÚõãõæãö Ýöí ßõáøö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇãøðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑö (1) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÞúÖõ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÊøóÌöåò ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞó ÚöäúÏó Ùóäøö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Ýöí ÚöáøóÉö Íõßúãö ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ áóãú íóßõäú ÞöíóÇÓñ¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÞöíóÇÓó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÈöíÐó ÎóãúÑðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ Èóáú Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: (Åöäøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóãúÑö ÎóãúÑðÇ) (2) ¡ æóåõæó ÊóæúÞöíÝñ áóÇ ÞöíóÇÓñ¡ æóÅöíÌóÇÈõåõ áöáúÍóÏøö Ýöí ÇááøöæóÇØö æóÝöí ÇáäøóÈúÔö¡ áóãú íóßõäú áößóæúäö ÇááøöæóÇØö Òöäðì æóáóÇ áößóæúäö ÇáäøóÈúÔö ÓóÑöÞóÉð¡ Èóáú áöãõÓóÇæóÇÉö ÇááøöæóÇØö áöáÒøöäóì æóÇáäøóÈúÔö áöáÓøóÑöÞóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈóÉö áöáúÍóÏøö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ íóãöíäõ ÇáúÛóãõæÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÓõãøöíóÊú íóãöíäðÇ áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Èóáú ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: (Çáúíóãóäõ ÇáúÛóãõæÓõ ÊóÏóÚõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÑó ÈóáóÇÞöÚó) (3) ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö.
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(1) áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ " ÝóÇÚúÊóÈöÑõæÇ " ÝöÚúáñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚõãõæãó¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáöåö: íóÇ Ãõæáöí ÇáúÃóáúÈóÇÈö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäú ÕöíóÛö ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
(2) ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ÈöáóÝúÙö: (æóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóãúÑö ÎóãúÑðÇ) . æóÝöí ÓóäóÏöåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑö¡ ÕóÏõæÞñ áóíøöäõ ÇáúÍöÝúÙö
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí ÇáúÚöáóáö: ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÃóÈöí Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÝóÞóÇáó: ãõäúßóÑñ. æóÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÃóíúãóÇäö ÈöáóÝúÙö: Çáúíóãöíäõ ÇáúÝóÇÌöÑóÉõ ÊóÏóÚõ ÇáÏøöíóÇÑó ÈöáóÇÞöÚó.(1/59)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö áöáÔøóÑöíßö ÌóÇÑðÇ¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö áóÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóì ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉó áöÞóØúÚö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏö Ýöí ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáÔøóÑöíßö ÌóÇÑðÇ áöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÞõÑúÈöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóÇÑö ÇáúãõáóÇÕöÞö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑöíßö æóåöíó ÌóÇÑñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÓúÊóÈúÚóÏõ Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áóåõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäú ÞóæúáóíúåöãóÇ ÃóÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íõÊøóÈóÚó.
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ
Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö
æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ: ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÍóÏóËò ãõÞúÊóÑöäò ÈöÒóãóÇäò ãõÍóÕøóáò ãõãóíøóÒò ÈöÝöÚúáò ãóÎúÕõæÕò.
æóÇáúÍóÏóËõ: ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÇáÒøóãóÇäõ ÇáúãõÍóÕøóáõ ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóÇáúÍóÇáõ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáõ¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ ÝóÇáúãóÇÖöí ãöäúåõ ßóÞóÇãó æóÞóÚóÏó.
æóÇáúÍóÇÖöÑõ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáõ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚõ æóåõæó ãóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÒøóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚö æóåöíó: ÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÇÁõ¡ æóÇáäøõæäõ¡ æóÇáúíóÇÁõ¡ ßóÞóæúáößó: ÃóÞõæãõ¡ æóÊóÞõæãõ¡ æóäóÞõæãõ¡ æóíóÞõæãõ. æóÊóÎúáöíÕõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö Úóäö ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑö ÈöÏõÎõæáö ÇáÓøöíäö Ãóæú ÓóæúÝó Úóáóíúåö ßóÞóæúáößó: ÓóíóÞõæãõ¡ æóÓóæúÝó íóÞõæãõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóãóÇ äõÒöÚó ãöäúåõ ÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúãõÖóÇÑóÚóÉö ßóÞóæúáößó Ýöí íóÞõæãõ Þõãú æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÞúÓóÇãö: ÝöÚúáõ ãóÇ áóãú íõÓóãøó ÝóÇÚöáõåõ¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúÞõáõæÈö æóÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö¡ æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉõ¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãóÏúÍö æóÇáÐøóãøö æóÇáÊøóÚóÌøõÈö.
æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóáöãóÉð ãõÝúÑóÏóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÇáäøõÍóÇÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ (1) ¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍõßóãóÇÁö (2) ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏõ ãöäúåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÇÖöí Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÍóÑúÝó ÇáúãõÖóÇÑóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚö åõæó
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(1) Ãóíú ãóÇÖöíðÇ Ãóæú ãõÖóÇÑöÚðÇ Ãóæú ÃóãúÑðÇ
(2) Ãóíö ÇáúãóäóÇØöÞóÉö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö(1/60)
ÇáÏøóÇáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö (1) ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóÇáúãõÝúÑóÏõ åõæó ÇáÏøóÇáøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÌõÒúÁó áóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò ÃóÕúáðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúãõÝúÑóÏö¡ æóåõæó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÚóáóì ãóæúÖõæÚöåö ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÍóÑúÝñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÝóßóÇäó ãõÝúÑóÏðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóáúÍóÞó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚö ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí Ãóæøóáöåö ÇáúíóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúãóÇÖöí Ýöí ÇáúÅöÝúÑóÇÏö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö ; áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÚóáóì ãóæúÖõæÚò áóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò æóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÞøò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóãõÝúÊóÑöÞóÇäö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúíóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäúåõ ÍóÑúÝñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÝö æóÃóÕúäóÇÝöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ
Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÝö æóÃóÕúäóÇÝöåö
ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ: ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÃóÕúäóÇÝò:
ãöäúåóÇ: ÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íõÝúÖöí ÈöãóÚóÇäöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ æóåõæó ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃóÞúÓóÇãò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãöäúåõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÑúÝðÇ ßóãöäú¡ æóÅöáóì¡ æóÍóÊøóì¡ æóÝöí¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÁö¡ æóÇááøóÇãö¡ æóÑõÈøó¡ æóæóÇæö ÇáúÞóÓóãö æóÊóÇÆöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ " ãöäú " Ýóåöíó ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ áöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö ßóÞóæúáößö: ÓöÑúÊõ ãöäú ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ æóáöáÊøóÈúÚöíÖö ßóÞóæúáößö: ÃóßóáúÊõ ãöäó ÇáúÎõÈúÒö¡ æóáöÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÌöäúÓö ßóÞóæúáößö: ÎóÇÊóãñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíÏò¡ æóÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ ßóÞóæúáößö: ãóÇ ÌóÇÁóäöí ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò.
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(1) ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑö Åöáóíúåö ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ßóÇäó: ßóÖóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈö ÇáúãóÈúÏõæÁö ÈöÇáÊøóÇÁö¡ æóÖóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö ÇáúãóÈúÏõæÁö ÈöÇáúåóãúÒóÉö¡ æóÖóãöíÑö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÈúÏõæÁö ÈöÇáäøõæäö. Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò: ßóÖóãöíÑö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚö ÇáúãóÈúÏõæÁö ÈöÇáúíóÇÁö(1/61)
æóÃóãøóÇ (Åöáóì) Ýóåöíó ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ áöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö ßóÞóæúáößö: ÓöÑúÊõ Åöáóì ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó¡ æóÈöãóÚúäóì " ãóÚó " ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæÇ ÃóãúæóÇáóåõãú Åöáóì ÃóãúæóÇáößõãú} .
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÍóÊøóì) ÝóÝöí ãóÚúäóì Åöáóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ (Ýöí) ÝóáöáÙøóÑúÝöíøóÉö ßóÞóæúáößö: ÒóíúÏñ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " Úóáóì " ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÃõÕóáøöÈóäøóßõãú Ýöí ÌõÐõæÚö ÇáäøóÎúáö} æóÞóÏú íõÊóÌóæøóÒõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: äóÙóÑúÊõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÇáúÈóÇÁõ) ÝóáöáúÅöáúÕóÇÞö ßóÞóæúáößó: Èöåö ÏóÇÁñ¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ áöáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉö ßóÞóæúáößó: ßóÊóÈúÊõ ÈöÇáúÞóáóãö¡ æóÇáúãõÕóÇÍóÈóÉõ ßóÞóæúáößó: ÇÔúÊóÑóíúÊõ ÇáúÝóÑóÓó ÈöÓóÑúÌöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " Úóáóì " ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãóäú Åöäú ÊóÃúãóäúåõ ÈöÞöäúØóÇÑò íõÄóÏøöåö Åöáóíúßó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Åöäú ÊóÃúãóäúåõ ÈöÏöíäóÇÑò áóÇ íõÄóÏøöåö Åöáóíúßó} Ãóíú Úóáóì ÞöäúØóÇÑò æóÚóáóì ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " ãöäú ÃóÌúáö " ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóãú Ãóßõäú ÈöÏõÚóÇÆößó ÑóÈøö ÔóÞöíøðÇ} Ãóíú áöÃóÌúáö ÏõÚóÇÆößó¡ æóÞöíáó: ÈöãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÏõÚóÇÆößó.
æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊõáúÞõæÇ ÈöÃóíúÏöíßõãú Åöáóì ÇáÊøóåúáõßóÉö} .
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÇááøóÇãõ) Ýóåöíó áöáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ßóÞóæúáößó: " ÇáúãóÇáõ áöÒóíúÏò "¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð ßóÞóæúáöåö: (ÑóÏöÝó áóßõãú) .
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÑõÈøó) Ýóåöíó áöáÊøóÞúáöíáö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÏúÎõáú ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóßöÑóÉö ßóÞóæúáößó: ÑõÈøó ÑóÌõáò ÚóÇáöãò.
æóÃóãøóÇ (æóÇæõ ÇáúÞóÓóãö) ÝóãõÈúÏóáóÉñ Úóäú ÈóÇÁö ÇáúÅöáúÕóÇÞö Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÃóÞúÓóãúÊõ ÈöÇááøóåö.
æó (ÇáÊøóÇÁõ) ãõÈúÏóáóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúæóÇæö Ýöí ÊóÇááøóåö (1) .
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÑúÝðÇ æóÇÓúãðÇ ßóÚóáóì æóÚóäú æóÇáúßóÇÝö æóãõÐú æóãõäúÐõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ (Úóáóì) Ýóåöíó áöáöÇÓúÊöÚúáóÇÁö¡ æóåöíó ÅöãøóÇ ÍóÑúÝñ ßóÞóæúáößó: Úóáóì ÒóíúÏò Ïóíúäñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇÓúãñ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
ÛóÏóÊú ãöäú Úóáóíúåö ÈóÚúÏóãóÇ Êóãøó ÙöãúÄõåóÇ ... ÊóÕöáøõ æóÚóäú ÞóíúÖò ÈöÒóÈúÒóÇÁó ãóÌúåóáö.
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(1) áóÚóáøóåõ æóÇááøóåö(1/62)
æóÃóãøóÇ (Úóäú) ÝóáöáúãõÈóÇÚóÏóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÅöãøóÇ ÍóÑúÝñ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáúíóÍúÐóÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÎóÇáöÝõæäó Úóäú ÃóãúÑöåö} ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇÓúãñ ßóÞóæúáößó: ÌóáóÓúÊõ ãöäú Úóäú íóãöíäöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÇáúßóÇÝõ) ÝóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÍóÑúÝðÇ áöáÊøóÔúÈöíåö ßóÞóæúáößó: ÒóíúÏñ ßóÚóãúÑòæ¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÇÓúãðÇ ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
íóÖúÍóßúäó Úóäú ßóÇáúÈóÑóÏö Çáúãõäúåóãøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (ãõÐú) æó (ãõäúÐõ) ÝóÍóÑúÝóÇäö áöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÊóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ ãõÐö Çáúíóæúãó¡ æóãõäúÐõ íóæúãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäóÇäö ÇÓúãóíúäö ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÝóÚóÇ ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõãóÇ.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÑúÝðÇ æóÝöÚúáðÇ ßóÍóÇÔóÇ æóÎóáóÇ æóÚóÏóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÎúÝöÖõ ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÑúÝöíøóÉö æóÞóÏú ÊóäúÕöÈõåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáöíøóÉö.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚõ áöáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåõæó íóäúÕöÈõ ÇáöÇÓúãó æóíóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ãöËúáõ: Åöäøó¡ æóÃóäøó¡ æóáóßöäøó¡ æóßóÃóäøó¡ æóáóíúÊó¡ æóáóÚóáøó.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáúÚóØúÝö æóåöíó ÚóÔóÑóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ ÊóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö æóÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Íõßúãò ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ýöí ÃõãõæÑò ÃõÎúÑóì.
æóåóÐöåö åöíó: (ÇáúæóÇæõ¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÁõ¡ æóËõãøó¡ æóÍóÊøóì) .
ÃóãøóÇ " ÇáúæóÇæõ " ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÌóãóÇåöíÑõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúÌóãúÚö ÛóíúÑö ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉò ÊóÑúÊöíÈðÇ æóáóÇ ãóÚöíøóÉð¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÝóÑøóÇÁö ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÍóíúËõ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ßóÞóæúáöåö: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÑúßóÚõæÇ æóÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ} .
æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " Ãóæú " ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãõæáöí ÃóÌúäöÍóÉò ãóËúäóì æóËõáóÇËó æóÑõÈóÇÚó} Þöíáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó ãóËúäóì Ãóæú ËõáóÇËó Ãóæú ÑõÈóÇÚó¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ áöáöÇÓúÊöÆúäóÇÝö ßóÇáúæóÇæö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÊóÃúæöíáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÞõæáõæäó ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö} ÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõ: æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎõæäó íóÞõæáõæäó ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " ãóÚó " Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúãóÝúÚõæáö ãóÚóåõ¡ ÊóÞõæáõ: ÌóÇÁó ÇáúÈóÑúÏõ æóÇáØøóíóÇáöÓóÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì " ÅöÐú " ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóäúÒóáó Úóáóíúßõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÛóãøö ÃóãóäóÉð äõÚóÇÓðÇ} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóÏú ÃóåóãøóÊúåõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú} Ãóíú ÅöÐú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÞóÏú ÃóåóãøóÊúåõãú ÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú.(1/63)
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ãöäú ÊöÓúÚóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú " ÇáúæóÇæõ " Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚóãúÑðÇ) áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ÕóÍøó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÓõÌøóÏðÇ æóÞõæáõæÇ ÍöØøóÉñ} Ýöí ÂíóÉò¡ æóÝöí ÂíóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì: {æóÞõæáõæÇ ÍöØøóÉñ æóÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈó ÓõÌøóÏðÇ} ãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúÞóÖöíøóÉö ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÌóÚúáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑðÇ æóÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö " ÊóÞóÇÊóáó ÒóíúÏñ æóÚóãúÑñæ " ÅöÐú áóÇ ÊóÑúÊöíÈó Ýöíåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö " ÌóÇÁó ÒóíúÏñ æóÚóãúÑñæ " ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ëõãøó ãóÌöíÆõåõãóÇ ãóÚðÇ Ãóæú ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõåõ " ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚóãúÑðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ " ÊóßúÑöíÑðÇ æó " ÞóÈúáóåõ " ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúÓóÇÑõ Úóäú ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÊóÃóÎøõÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ; áößóæúäöåö ãóÝúåõæãðÇ ãöäú ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÚóØúÝö.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúáö ÓóíøöÏöåö áóåõ: ÅöíÊö ÈöÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ.
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: åõæó Ãóäøó æóÇæó ÇáúÚóØúÝö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ãóÌúÑóì æóÇæö ÇáúÌóãúÚö æóÝöí ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáóÉö ãóÌúÑóì íóÇÁö ÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉö¡ æóåõãóÇ áóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíóÇäö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó ÝóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÌóÇÑò ãóÌúÑóÇåõãóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ãóÚúÞõæáñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÍóÑúÝò íõÝöíÏõåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ëóãøó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö Óöæóì (ÇáúæóÇæö) ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó (ÇáúæóÇæó) .
ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ÃóÝóÇÏóÊö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó áóÏóÎóáóÊú Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúØö ßóÇáúÝóÇÁö¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: (ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáó ÒóíúÏñ ÇáÏøóÇÑó æóÃóÚúØöåö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ) ßóãóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó (ÝóÃóÚúØöåö ÏöÑúåóãðÇ) .
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö Ãóäøó " ÇáúæóÇæó " ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÝóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÍóãúáöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÍóíúËõ ÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÍóãúáõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÊóíúäö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö.(1/64)
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú (ÊóÞóÇÊóáó ÒóíúÏñ æóÚóãúÑñæ) æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöÇáúæóÇæö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö Ãóäú íõÊóÌóæøóÒó Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÁö æóËõãøó ; ÅöÐú åõæó ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö.
æóÚóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãóÚöíøóÉö Ãóæú ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑö Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÈöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÓóÏðÇ) æóßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÑóÃóì ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ ÔõÌóÇÚðÇ.
æóÚóáóì ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: " ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚóãúÑðÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ " áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÊóßúÑöíÑðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Íóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Êóæóåøõãöåö ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚóãúÑðÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ) áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÊóäóÇÞõÖðÇ áößóæúäöåö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö.
æóÚóáóì ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúÓóÇÑõ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö áóåõ ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ.
æóÚóáóì ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÞóÑöíäóÉö ÇáúÍóÇáö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÝõÑöÖó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäóÊú " ÇáúæóÇæõ " ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÝóÅöÝóÇÏóÊõåóÇ áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåóÇ Èöåö¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ÝóÅöÝóÇÏóÊõåóÇ áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÚöäúÏó ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóæúáóì ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÎóáóÇ ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö Úóäú ÍóÑúÝò íóÎõÕøõåõ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö áóãú íóÎúáõ ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ Úóäú ÍóÑúÝò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö áöÏóáóÇáóÉö (ÇáúÝóÇÁö) æó (Ëõãøó) Úóáóíúåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÌúÚóáõåóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Èóíúäó (ÇáúÝóÇÁö) æó (Ëõãøó) æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö (ÇáúÝóÇÁõ) æó (Ëõãøó) ÏóáóÇáóÉð ãõØóÇÈöÞóÉð¡ Èóáú ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö Ãóæú(1/65)
ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóßóãóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö Ãóæö ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÝóÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ÅöÎúáóÇÁõ ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Úóäú áóÝúÙò íõØóÇÈöÞõåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÅöÎúáóÇÁö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö.
æóÚóáóì ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäóÊú (ÇáúæóÇæõ) ÌóÇÑöíóÉð ãóÌúÑóì (æóÇæö) ÇáúÌóãúÚö æó (íóÇÁö) ÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ßóæúäöåóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉð ãóÌúÑóÇåõãóÇ Ýöí ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí (ÇáúÝóÇÁö) æó (Ëõãøó) .
æóÚóáóì ÇáËøóÇãöäö: Ãóäøóåõ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ãóÚúÞõæáñ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãóäú ÍóÑúÝò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÚúÞõæáñ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãóäú ÍóÑúÝò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ãóÇ íõÝöíÏõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Óöæóì (ÇáúæóÇæõ) ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ¡ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóãúÑðÇ) .
æóÚóáóì ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöËõãøó æóÈóÚúÏó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö¡ æóÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇÑúßóÚõæÇ æóÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ} ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÞúÊóÖò áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ äóÒóáó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÝóÇ æóÇáúãóÑúæóÉó ãöäú ÔóÚóÇÆöÑö Çááøóåö} ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: (Èöãó äóÈúÏóÃõ) ÞóÇáó: ( «ÇÈúÏóÄõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö» ) (1) æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó (ÇáúæóÇæó) áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó «Ãóäøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÞóÇãó Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö æóÞóÇáó: (ãóäú ÃóØóÇÚó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÝóÞóÏö ÇåúÊóÏóì æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇåõãóÇ ÝóÞóÏú Ûóæóì) ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: (ÈöÆúÓó ÎóØöíÈõ ÇáúÞóæúãö ÃóäúÊó¡ Þõáú: æóãóäú ÚóÕóì Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÝóÞóÏú Ûóæóì) » (2) æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú (ÇáúæóÇæõ) áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö áóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ.
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(1) ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÏóäóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÝóÇ ÞóÑóÃó: (Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÝóÇ æóÇáúãóÑúæóÉó ãöäú ÔóÚóÇÆöÑö Çááøóåö) æóÞóÇáó: " ÃóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ". æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò Ýöí ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøö: " äóÈúÏóÃõ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ". æóÝöí ÃõÎúÑóì: " ÇÈúÏóÁõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö ". æóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÐößúÑõ ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÍóÌúÑò Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÚöäúÏó ÔóÑúÍöåö: " ËóáóÇËñ ãóäú ßõäøó Ýöíåö æóÌóÏó ÍóáóÇæóÉó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ". - Ì 1 - ãöäú ÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí(1/66)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöÔóÇÚöÑò ÞóÇáó: (
ßóÝóì ÇáÔøóíúÈõ æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ áöáúãóÑúÁö äóÇåöíðÇ
) : áóæú ÞóÏøóãúÊó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÈö áóÃóÌóÒúÊõßó. æóßóÇäó ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: áöãó ÊóÃúãõÑõäóÇ ÈöÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍóÌøö æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: {æóÃóÊöãøõæÇ ÇáúÍóÌøó æóÇáúÚõãúÑóÉó áöáøóåö} æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó (ÇáúæóÇæó) áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóæúÌõ áöÒóæúÌóÊöåö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÏøõÎõæáö ÈöåóÇ: ÃóäúÊö ØóÇáöÞñ æóØóÇáöÞñ æóØóÇáöÞñ¡ æóÞóÚó ÈöåóÇ ØóáúÞóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú (ÇáúæóÇæõ) áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö áóæóÞóÚóÊö ÇáËøóáóÇËõ¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ÃóäúÊö ØóÇáöÞñ ËóáóÇËðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÓóÈóÈðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÕóÇáöÍñ áóåõ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö.
ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó Úóäö ÇáäøóÞúáö: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ Èóáú ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Õóáøóì æóÑóÊøóÈó ÇáÑøõßõæÚó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö æóÞóÇáó: ( «ÕóáøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí ÃõÕóáøöí» ) æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú (ÇáúæóÇæõ) áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ( «ÇÈúÏóÄõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö» ) Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÍóíúËõ ÓóÃóáóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøöÓóÇäö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú (ÇáúæóÇæõ) áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌõæÇ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÇÌõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÝóíóÊóÚóÇÑóÖóÇäö æóíóÈúÞóì Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ( «ÇÈúÏóÄõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó Çááøóåõ Èöåö» ) æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: ( «Þõáú: æóãóäú ÚóÕóì Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÝóÞóÏú Ûóæóì» ) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÕóÏó Èöåö ÅöÝúÑóÇÏó ÐößúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóæøóáðÇ ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉð Ýöí ÊóÚúÙöíãöåö áóÇ Ãóäøó " ÇáúæóÇæó " áöáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ãóÚúÕöíóÉó Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö áóÇ ÇäúÝößóÇßó áöÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÍóÊøóì íõÊóÕóæøóÑó ÝöíåöãóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ.(1/67)
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÚõãóÑó ÝóãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÐößúÑö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö áóÇ Úóáóì ÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞöÕøóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÅöäúßóÇÑöåöãú áöÃóãúÑöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö ßóæúäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉð áöÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ Èóáú áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉñ áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ æóÃóãúÑõåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Ýóåúãóåõãú áöÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÌøö ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ Ýóåöãóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóåõæó ÊõÑúÌõãóÇäõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýóåõæó ãóãúäõæÚñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ãóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó " ÇáúæóÇæó " áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ æóÈöåö ÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóÇáößò æóÇááøóíúËõ Èúäõ ÓóÚúÏò æóÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Èúäõ ÃóÈöí áóíúáóì¡ æóÞóÏú äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÏöíãö¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÊóÎúÑöíÌöåö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: ÃóäúÊö ØóÇáöÞñ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ ÊóÝúÓöíÑñ áöáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÈöÌõãúáóÊöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáöåö: ÃóäúÊö ØóÇáöÞñ æóØóÇáöÞñ æóØóÇáöÞñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýóåõæó ãóäúÞõæÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÒóíúÏðÇ¡ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóãúÑðÇ. ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÞúÏöíãó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÓúãóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÐøößúÑö áóÇ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÊóÞúÏöíãóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãöåö ÐößúÑðÇ áöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÍõÈøöåö áóåõ æóÇåúÊöãóÇãöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÕóÏó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó Úóäúåõ áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÌóÏøóÏó áóåõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÚöäúÏó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãõÊóÌóÇÐóÈñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÑúÌóÍõ åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö.
æóÃóãøóÇ " ÇáúÝóÇÁõ " æó " Ëõãøó " æó " ÍóÊøóì " ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈó¡ æóÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ ãöäú ÌöåóÇÊò ÃõÎóÑó.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ " ÇáúÝóÇÁõ " ÝóãõÞúÊóÖóÇåóÇ ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõåúáóÉò¡ åóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÃõÏóÈóÇÁõ Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóãú ãöäú ÞóÑúíóÉò ÃóåúáóßúäóÇåóÇ ÝóÌóÇÁóåóÇ ÈóÃúÓõäóÇ} æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÌöíÁõ ÇáúÈóÃúÓö áóÇ íóÊóÃóÎøóÑõ Úóäö ÇáúåóáóÇßö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöãóÌöíÁö ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ÈóÚúÏó åóáóÇßöåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö (1) ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÝúÊóÑõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ ÝóíõÓúÍöÊóßõãú ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò}
_________
(1) ãóÌöíÁõ ÇáúÈóÃúÓö ãõÞóÇÑöäñ áöáúÅöåúáóÇßö¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Èöåö ãõÞóÇÑöäñ áöáúÅöåúáóÇßö Ãóæú ÓóÇÈöÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æóÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇááøóÈúÓö æóÇáúÛõãõæÖö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ÃóÑóÏúäóÇ ÅöåúáóÇßóåóÇ ÝóÌóÇÁóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÝóÇÁõ áöÊóÑúÊöíÈö ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúãóáö æóåõæó ÇáúÅöåúáóÇßõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöáóÇÒöãò Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈõ ÒóãóÇäöíøðÇ(1/68)
¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäú ßõäúÊõãú Úóáóì ÓóÝóÑò æóáóãú ÊóÌöÏõæÇ ßóÇÊöÈðÇ ÝóÑöåóÇäñ ãóÞúÈõæÖóÉñ} ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÓúÍóÇÊõ ÈöÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÑóÇÎóì Úóäö ÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÑøóåúäõ ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÑóÇÎóì Úóäö ÇáúãõÏóÇíóäóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ ÈöÃóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáöÇÝúÊöÑóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúÍóÇÊõ¡ æóÍõßúãó ÇáúãõÏóÇíóäóÉö ÇáÑøóåúäöíøóÉõ ; áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ " ÇáúÝóÇÁõ " ãóæúÑöÏó " ÇáúæóÇæö " ßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
(
ÈöÓöÞúØö Çááøóæóì Èóíúäó ÇáÏøóÎõæáö ÝóÍóæúãóáö
) .
æóÃóãøóÇ (Ëõãøó) ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöãõåúáóÉò¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøöí áóÛóÝøóÇÑñ áöãóäú ÊóÇÈó æóÂãóäó æóÚóãöáó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ Ëõãøó ÇåúÊóÏóì} æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇåúÊöÏóÇÁõ íóÊóÑóÇÎóì Úóäö ÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÏóæóÇãö ÇáöÇåúÊöÏóÇÁö æóËóÈóÇÊöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáö.
æóÞöíáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú ÊóÑöÏõ ÈöãóÚúäóì (ÇáúæóÇæö) ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöáóíúäóÇ ãóÑúÌöÚõåõãú Ëõãøó Çááøóåõ ÔóåöíÏñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó} áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÔóÇåöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú áóãú íóßõäú ÔóÇåöÏðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ (ÍóÊøóì) ÝóãõæÌöÈóÉñ áößóæúäö ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö äóÍúæõ Þóæúáößó: ãóÇÊó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ¡ æóÞóÏöãó ÇáúÍóÇÌøõ ÍóÊøóì ÇáúãõÔóÇÉõ. ÝóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóÝúÖóáõåõ æóÇáËøóÇäöí Ïõæäóåõ.
æóËóáóÇËóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó æóåöíó: Ãóæú¡ æóÅöãøóÇ¡ æóÃóãú.
ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú (Ãóæú) æó (ÅöãøóÇ) íóÞóÚóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö¡ æó (Ãóãú) áóÇ ÊóÞóÚõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó (Ãóæú) æó (ÅöãøóÇ) Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö áöáÔøóßøö¡ ÊóÞõæáõ: ÌóÇÁó ÒóíúÏñ Ãóæú ÚóãúÑñæ¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÅöãøóÇ ÒóíúÏñ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóãúÑñæ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö áöáÊøóÎúíöíÑö ÊóÞõæáõ: ÇÖúÑöÈú ÒóíúÏðÇ Ãóæú ÚóãúÑðÇ¡ æóÇÖúÑöÈú ÅöãøóÇ ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóãúÑðÇ. æóáöáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÊóÞõæáõ: ÌóÇáöÓö ÇáúÍóÓóäó Ãóæö ÇÈúäó ÓöíÑöíäó. æó (Ãóæú) Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóßøö Ýöí æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ æó (Ãóãú) ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÇáÔøóßøö Ýöí ÊóÚúíöíäöåö.
æóËóáóÇËóÉñ ãöäúåóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Íõßúãöåö æóåöíó: áóÇ¡ æóÈóáú¡ æóáóßöäú. ÊóÞõæáõ: ÌóÇÁóäöí ÒóíúÏñ áóÇ ÚõãóÑõ Èóáú ÚõãóÑõ¡ æóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóäöí ÒóíúÏñ áóßöäú ÚóãúÑñæ. æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáäøóÝúíö æóåöíó: ãóÇ¡ æóáóÇ¡ æóáóãú¡ æóáóãøóÇ¡ æóáóäú¡ æóÅöäú ÈöÇáÊøóÎúÝöíÝö.(1/69)
ÝóÃóãøóÇ (ãóÇ) ÝóáöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÇáö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÇáúÞóÑöíÈö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ßóÞóæúáößó ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó.
æóÃóãøóÇ (áóÇ) ÝóáöäóÝúíö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö ÅöãøóÇ ÎóÈóÑðÇ ßóÞóæúáößó: áóÇ ÑóÌõáó Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ Ãóæú äóåúíðÇ ßóÞóæúáößó: áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú¡ Ãóæú ÏõÚóÇÁð ßóÞóæúáößó: áóÇ ÑóÚóÇßó Çááøóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ (áóãú) æó (áóãøóÇ) ÝóáöÞóáúÈö ÇáúãõÖóÇÑöÚö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÊóÞõæáõ: áóãú íóÝúÚóáú¡ æóáóãøóÇ íóÝúÚóáú.
æó (áóäú) áöÊóÃúßöíÏö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö ßóÞóæúáößó: áóäú ÃóÈúÑóÍó Çáúíóæúãó ãóßóÇäöí ÊóÃúßöíÏðÇ áöÞóæúáößó: áóÇ ÃóÈúÑóÍõ Çáúíóæúãó ãóßóÇäöí.
æó (Åöäú) áöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÇáö ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÅöáøóÇ ÕóíúÍóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð} .
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö æóåöíó: åóÇ¡ æóÃóáóÇ¡ æóÃóãóÇ.
ÊóÞõæáõ: åóÇ ÃóÝúÚóáõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóáóÇ ÒóíúÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ¡ æóÃóãóÇ Åöäøóßó ÎóÇÑöÌñ.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáäøöÏóÇÁö æóåöíó: íóÇ¡ æóÃóíóÇ¡ æóåóíóÇ¡ æóÃóíú¡ æóÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóæóÇ.
æóÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÇáúÃõæóáõ áöäöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏö¡ æóÃóíú æóÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ áöáúÞóÑöíÈö¡ æóæóÇ áöáäøõÏúÈóÉö.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö æóåöíó: äóÚóãú¡ æóÈóáóì¡ æóÃóÌóáú¡ æóÌóíúÑö¡ æóÅöíú¡ æóÅöäøó. ÝóäóÚóãú ãõÕóÏøöÞóÉñ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÞóÇãó ÒóíúÏñ ãóÇ ÞóÇãó ÒóíúÏñ.
æó (Èóáóì) áöÅöíÌóÇÈö ãóÇ äõÝöíó ßóÞóæúáößó: Èóáóì¡ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: ãóÇ ÞóÇãó ÒóíúÏñ.
æó (ÃóÌóáú) áöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ßóÞóæúáößó: ÃóÌóáú¡ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÌóÇÁó ÒóíúÏñ.
æó (ÌóíúÑö) æó (Åöäøó) æó (Åöíú) áöáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö¡ ÊóÞõæáõ: ÌóíúÑö áóÃóÝúÚóáóäøó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöíú æóÇááøóåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö æóåöíó: ÅöáøóÇ¡ æóÍóÇÔóÇ¡ æóÚóÏóÇ¡ æóÎóáóÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÑúÝõ ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑöíøõ¡ æóåõæó (ãóÇ) Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÃóÚúÌóÈóäöí ãóÇ ÕóäóÚúÊó¡ Ãóíú ÕõäúÚõßó. æó (Ãóäú) Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÝúÚóáó ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóíú ÝöÚúáóßó.
æóÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáÊøóÍúÖöíÖö æóåöíó: áóæúáóÇ¡ æóáóæúãóÇ¡ æóåóáøóÇ¡ æóÃóáóÇ ÝóÚóáúÊó ßóÐóÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáúÍóËøó Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö.(1/70)
æóÍóÑúÝõ ÊóÞúÑöíÈö ÇáúãóÇÖöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóåõæó (ÞóÏú) Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÞóÏú ÞóÇãó ÒóíúÏñ.
æóÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö æóåöíó: ÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ¡ æóåóáú Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÃóÒóíúÏñ ÞóÇãó¿ æóåóáú ÒóíúÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ¿
æóÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáö æóåöíó: ÇáÓøöíäõ¡ æóÓóæúÝó¡ æóÃóäú¡ æóáóÇ¡ æóÅöäú Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÓóíóÝúÚóáõ¡ æóÓóæúÝó íóÝúÚóáõ¡ æóÃõÑöíÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÝúÚóáó¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÝúÚóáú.
æóÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáÔøóÑúØö æóåöíó: Åöäú¡ æóáóæú¡ Ýöí Þóæúáößó: Åöäú ÌöÆúÊóäöí¡ æóáóæú ÌöÆúÊóäöí ÃóßúÑóãúÊõßó.
æóÍóÑúÝõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö æóåõæó " ßóíú " Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÞóÕóÏúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ßóíú íõÍúÓöäó Åöáóíøó.
æóÍóÑúÝõ ÇáÑøóÏúÚö æóåõæó " ßóáøóÇ " Ýöí Þóæúáößó ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó áóßó " Åöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ßóÐóÇ.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇááøóÇãóÇÊö æóåöíó: áóÇãõ ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúãõäóßøóÑö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö ßóÇáÑøóÌõáö¡ æóáóÇãõ ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúÞóÓóãö Ýöí Þóæúáößó: æóÇááøóåö áóÃóÝúÚóáóäøó ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõæØöÆóÉõ áöáúÞóÓóãö Ýöí Þóæúáößó: æóÇááøóåö áóÆöäú ÃóßúÑóãúÊóäöí áóÃõßúÑöãóäøóßó¡ æóáóÇãõ ÌóæóÇÈö (áóæú) æó (áóæúáóÇ) Ýöí Þóæúáößó: áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóÇ áóßóÇäó ßóÐóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóÇ áóßóÇäó ßóÐóÇ¡ æóáóÇãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöí Þóæúáößó: áöíóÝúÚóáú ÒóíúÏñ¡ æóáóÇãõ ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö Ýöí Þóæúáößó: áóÒóíúÏñ ãõäúØóáöÞñ.
æóãöäúåóÇ " ÊóÇÁõ ÇáÊøóÃúäöíËö ÇáÓøóÇßöäóÉõ " Ýöí Þóæúáößó: ÝóÚóáóÊú.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÇáÊøóäúæöíäõ æóÇáäøõæäõ ÇáúãõÄóßøöÏóÉõ Ýöí Þóæúáößó: æóÇááøóåö áóÃóÝúÚóáóäøó ßóÐóÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈö ãöäú ãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ.
ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÚóáóì ãóÏúáõæáöåóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö ÊóÇÑóÉð (1) Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ åóÇåõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇááøöÓóÇäöíøö Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÝúÓóÇäöíøö.
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇááøöÓóÇäöíøõ ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÊóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃõáøöÝó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö æóÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÏóáóÇáóÉò Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ãõåúãóáðÇ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉ: åóÐóÇ
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(1) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúãñ áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÇÓúãñ áöãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÈóÏóäö æóÇáÑøõæÍö¡ æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò(1/71)
ßóáóÇãñ ãõåúãóáñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóáóÇãñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõåúãóáò¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì Çáúãõåúãóáö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÇáúÛóÑóÖõ åóÇåõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó Èöãõåúãóáò áõÛóÉð.
æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÑóßøóÈóÉð ãöäú ÍóÑúÝóíúäö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ ßóáóÇãñ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÑóãó¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøöåö: åõæó ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúãõãóíøóÒóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚö Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáöåóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑóÉö Úóäú ãõÎúÊóÇÑò æóÇÍöÏò. æóÞóÕóÏõæÇ ÈöÇáúÞóíúÏö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒó Úóäö ÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ßóÇáÒøóÇíö ãöäú ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÈöÇáúÞóíúÏö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒó Úóäú ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÈöÇáúÞóíúÏö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒó Úóäú ÃóÕúæóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö¡ æóÇáúãõåúãóáóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóÈöÇáúÞóíúÏö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒ Úóäö ÇáöÇÓúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÏóÑóÊú ÍõÑõæÝõåõ ßõáøõ ÍóÑúÝò ãöäú ÔóÎúÕò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ßóáóÇãðÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúßóáöãóÉó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉó ÊõÓóãøóì ßóáóÇãðÇ¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ãöäú ßóáöãóÇÊò¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏò ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÒóíúÏñ áóÇ ßõáøóãóÇ¡ æóäóÍúæöåö¡ åóáú åõæó ßóáóÇãñ¿ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ßóáóÇãñ ; áöÃóäøó ÂÍóÇÏó ßóáöãóÇÊöåö æõÖöÚóÊú áöáÏøóáóÇáóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóãú íõÓóãøöåö ßóáóÇãðÇ¡ æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ãóÇÆöáñ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäú æóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÃúÎóÐõåõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö Ãóåúáö ÇááøõÛóÉö: ÞóÇáó ÇáÒøóãóÎúÔóÑöíøõ¡ æóåõæó äóÇÞöÏñ ÈóÕöíÑñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö: (ÇáúßóáóÇãõ åõæó ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈõ ãöäú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö ÃõÓúäöÏóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì) . ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: (ÇáúãõÑóßøóÈõ ãöäú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: (ÃõÓúäöÏóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú Þóæúáößó: ÒóíúÏñ ÚóãúÑñæ¡ æóÚóäú Þóæúáößó: ÒóíúÏñ Úóáöíøñ¡ Ãóæú ÒóíúÏñ Ýöí¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇãó Ýöí. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚó ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõÑóßøóÈñ ãöäú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö æóáóíúÓó ÈößóáóÇãò ; áöÚóÏóãö ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäö ÇÓúãóíúäö ßóÞóæúáößó: ÒóíúÏñ ÞóÇÆöãñ¡ Ãóæö ÇÓúãò æóÝöÚúáò ßóÞóæúáößó: ÒóíúÏñ ÞóÇãó¡ æóÊõÓóãøóì ÇáúÃõæáóì ÌõãúáóÉð ÇÓúãöíøóÉð æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÌõãúáóÉð ÝöÚúáöíøóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÑóßøóÈõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúãö æóÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÝóÞóØú¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóÍúÏöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóÇáúÍõÑõæÝö.(1/72)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏøö ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöãóÇ ÊóÑóßøóÈó ãöäú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö ÃõÓúäöÏóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì æóåõãóÇ ãõåúãóáóÊóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóáóÇãðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÓúäóÏúÊó ãóÞúáõæÈó ÒóíúÏò Åöáóì ãóÞúáõæÈö ÑóÌõáò¡ ÝóÞõáúÊó: (ÏíÒ åõæó áÌÑ) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáúßóáöãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ãöäúåóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúáöíÝõ ÇááøóÝúÙóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö Úóáóì ãóÚúäðì ãõÝúÑóÏò¡ æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏó áöÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏøö íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÍóíóæóÇäñ äóÇØöÞñ¡ æóÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÚóÇáöãñ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÈö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ßóáóÇãðÇ ãõÝöíÏðÇ æóÅöäú ÃõÓúäöÏó Ýöíåö ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúßóáöãóÊóíúäö Åöáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãóÇ ÊóÃóáøóÝó ãöäú ßóáöãóÊóíúäö ÊóÃúáöíÝðÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóáóíúåö.
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ãóÈúÏóÃö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö æóØõÑõÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ãóÈúÏóÃö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö æóØõÑõÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ
Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíãõåõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ æõÖöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ åóáú åõæó áöãõäóÇÓóÈóÉò ØóÈöíÚöíøóÉò Èóíúäó ÇááøóÝúÙö æóãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóÑúÈóÇÈõ Úöáúãö ÇáÊøóßúÓöíÑö æóÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Åöáóì Ðóáößó ; ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú Èóíúäó ÇááøóÝúÙö æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉñ ØóÈöíÚöíøóÉñ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõ Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÐóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö. æóáóÇ æóÌúåó áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÖöÚó Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúæóÖúÚö áóæú æóÖóÚó áóÝúÙó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóãö æóÇáúÚóÏóãö Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇÓúãó ßõáøö ÖöÏøò Úóáóì ãõÞóÇÈöáöåö - áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÞóÏú æõÖöÚó Ðóáößó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇÓúãö ÇáúÌóæúäö æóÇáúÞõÑúÁö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúãõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõäóÇÓöÈðÇ ÈöØóÈúÚöåö áöÔóíúÁò æóáöÚóÏóãöåö (1) ¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÎóÕøóÕó ÇáúæóÇÖöÚõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáóÇÊö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÕøöÕóÉö¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÖöÚó åõæó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóæö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞõ ÅöãøóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò Ãóæú áóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóáóÊö ÇáúãõäóÇÓóÈóÉõ ÇáØøóÈöíÚöíøóÉõ æóÙóåóÑó Ãóäøó ãõÓúÊóäóÏó ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÈöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÖúÚõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøõ¡
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ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Ýöíåö:
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÖöÚó åõæó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóæóÖúÚõåõ ãõÊóáóÞøðì áóäóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö ÇáúÅöáóåöíøö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÃóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúæóÇÊó æóÇáúÍõÑõæÝó æóíõÓúãöÚóåóÇ áöæóÇÍöÏò Ãóæú áöÌóãóÇÚóÉò æóíóÎúáõÞó áóåõ Ãóæú áóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÞõÕöÏóÊú áöáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚóÇäöíº ãõÍúÊóÌøöíäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÂíóÇÊò:
ãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÚóáøóãó ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ Ëõãøó ÚóÑóÖóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóäúÈöÆõæäöí ÈöÃóÓúãóÇÁö åóÄõáóÇÁö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóßó áóÇ Úöáúãó áóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáøóãúÊóäóÇ} Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÂÏóãó æóÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÚúáöíãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊöÈúíóÇäðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò} æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇÞúÑóÃú æóÑóÈøõßó ÇáúÃóßúÑóãõ - ÇáøóÐöí Úóáøóãó ÈöÇáúÞóáóãö - Úóáøóãó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú} æóÇááøõÛóÇÊõ ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú åöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁñ ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó Çááøóåõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÓõáúØóÇäò} Ðóãøóåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóæúÞöíÝò ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåóÇ ÊóæúÞöíÝñ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãöäú ÂíóÇÊöåö ÎóáúÞõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÑúÖö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÃóáúÓöäóÊößõãú} æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇááøõÛóÇÊõ áóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö åóíúÆóÇÊö ÇáúÌóæóÇÑöÍö ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÃóÈúáóÛõ Ýöí ãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóíúåö.
æóÐóåóÈóÊö ÇáúÈóåúÔóãöíøóÉõ (1) æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú æóÖúÚö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö æóÇÕúØöáóÇÍöåöãú¡ æóÃóäøó æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ãóæú ÌóãóÇÚóÉð ÇäúÈóÚóËóÊú ÏóÇÚöíóÊõåõ Ãóæú ÏóæóÇÚöíåöãú Åöáóì æóÖúÚö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÈöÅöÒóÇÁö ãóÚóÇäöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÍóÕóáó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóßúÑóÇÑö ßóãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóÇäö ÈöÇáúæóáóÏö ÇáÑøóÖöíÚö¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÚóÑøöÝõ ÇáúÃóÎúÑóÓõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÖóãöíÑöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóßúÑóÇÑö ãóÑøóÉð ÈóÚúÏ ÃõÎúÑóìº ãõÍúÊóÌøöíäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäö Þóæúãöåö} æóåóÐóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö æóÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇÆöíäöíøõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÏúÑó ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÚõæ Èöåö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóæóÇÖõÚö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÈöÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÝóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍõ Úóáóíúåö
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(1) äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíø Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÍúÊö¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãö Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíø.(1/74)
ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÏúÚõæ Èöåö ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ÛóíúÑóåõ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö áóÒöãó ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö¡ æóÌõæøöÒó ÍõÕõæáõ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Ðóáößó Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáØøóÑöíÞóíúäö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ãõãúßöäñ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóæú ÝõÑöÖó æõÞõæÚõåõ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Úóäúåõ ãõÍóÇáñ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÝóáóíúÓó Úóáóíúåö Ïóáöíáñ ÞóÇØöÚñ¡ æóÇáÙøõäõæäõ ãõÊóÚóÇÑöÖóÉñ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚóåóÇ ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö.
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ Þöíáó¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö íóÞöíäó ÇáúæõÞõæÚö áöÈóÚúÖö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö. ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ; ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÞöíäó ãöäú ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÙøóäøõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ÝóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÇ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö áöÙõåõæÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÙõåõæÑó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö.
ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÚóáøóãó ÂÏóãó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ßõáøóåóÇ} ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÅöáúåóÇãõåõ æóÈóÚúËõ ÏóÇÚöíóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ æóÓõãøöíó ÈöÐóáößó ãõÚóáøöãðÇ (1) áößóæúäöåö ÇáúåóÇÏöíó Åöáóíúåö¡ áóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÝúåóãóåõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÏóÇæõÏó: {æóÚóáøóãúäóÇåõ ÕóäúÚóÉó áóÈõæÓò áóßõãú} ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÃóáúåóãúäóÇåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó: {ÝóÝóåøóãúäóÇåóÇ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó} Ãóíú ÃóáúåóãúäóÇåõ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãõ ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö æóÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö¡ æóáóßöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ßõáøó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáøóÊöí ßóÇäóÊú ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÂÏóãó ÈöåóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáõåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ãõÕúØóáóÍö ÎóáúÞò ÓóÇÈöÞò Úóáóì ÂÏóãó¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáøóãóåõ ãóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍó Úóáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõåõ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÉö áöÂÏóãó ÈöÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö áóåõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃõäúÓöíåóÇ¡ æóáóãú
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(1) ÇáúÃõæáóì Óõãøöí ÅöáúåóÇãõåõ ÊóÚúáöíãðÇ áöåöÏóÇíóÊöåö Åöáóíúåö.(1/75)
íõæÞöÝú ÚóáóíúåóÇ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÇÕúØóáóÍó ÃóæúáóÇÏõåõ ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåö Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö. æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö: {áóÇ Úöáúãó áóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáøóãúÊóäóÇ} ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÕúáó ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝõ áöãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÂÏóãó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò} ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøó ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóÇ ÊóÝúÑöíØó Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ Èóíøóäó Ýöíåö ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ãõÚóÑøöÝðÇ áöáõÛóÇÊö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íõÎóÑøóÌõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊöÈúíóÇäðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò} ¡ æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåö: {Úóáøóãó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú} .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÂíóÉõ ÇáÐøóãøö ÝóÇáÐøóãøõ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåöãú ÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú ßóæúäóåóÇ ÂáöåóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÂíóÉõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóáúÓöäóÉö¡ Ýóåöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúãõæáóÉò Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÇáúÌóÇÑöÍóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
æóáóíúÓó ÊóÃúæöíáõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÇÊö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáöåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÇÊö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝó íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ßóæúäö Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÏóÇáøóÉð Úóáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøðÇ ßóÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö.
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáò ÅöáøóÇ ÈöáöÓóÇäö Þóæúãöåö} æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÓóÈúÞö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Þóæúáõåõ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíãö ÂÏóãó ÅöáúåóÇãõåõ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞ áóÝúÙö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäö ÇÎúÊóÑóÚó ÃóãúÑðÇ æóÇÕúØóáóÍó Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ãóÇ Úóáøóãóåõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöáúåóÇãö ÈöãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ ãóÚó äóÝúÓöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áóãóÇ ÕóÍøó äóÝúíõåõ¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÕóÍøó äóÝúíõåõ Ïóáøó(1/76)
Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö Ýöí ÍöÞøö ÏóÇæõÏó æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßó (1) Ýöí Ïóáöíáö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõåõ.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú: ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ Èóáö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáøóãóåõ ßõáøó ãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÎóÇØõÈõ Èöåö¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöÚõãõæãö ÇááøóÝúÙö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ãöäú ãõÕúØóáóÍö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÂÏóãó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÍúÊóãóáðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÚóÏóãõåõ¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÈöåö íóÈúØõáõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃõäúÓöíåóÇ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö æóÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÊóÃúæöíáö Þóæúáö ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉö: {áóÇ Úöáúãó áóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóáøóãúÊöäóÇ} ÅöÐú åõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÂÏóã¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ÌóæóÇÈõåõ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ ÝóÑøóØúäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ãöäú ÔóíúÁò} Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÝúÑöíØó ÝöíãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈöº áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ãóÚúáõæãñ áößõáøö ÚóÇÞöáò ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ÝóÍóãúáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ãõÚóÑøóÝðÇ áöáõÛóÇÊö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÌóæóÇÈõåõ¡ æóÈöåö íõÎóÑøóÌõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÊöÈúíóÇäðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò} ¡ æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåö: {Úóáøóãó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäó ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãú} .
Þóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÂíóÉö ÇáÐøóãøö: ÅöäøóãóÇ Ðóãøóåõãú Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãú ßóæúäó ÇáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ÂáöåóÉð¡ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÇáÐøóãøö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò. (2)
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßðÇ.
(2) áóíúÓó áöáúÃóÕúäóÇãö ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáÑøõÈõæÈöíøóÉö æóÇáúÌóáóÇáö æóÇáúßóãóÇáö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÚöÈóÇÏóÊóåóÇ æóÊóÓúãöíóÊóåóÇ ÂáöåóÉð¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÊóÓúãöíóÊõåóÇ ÈöÐóáößó ßóÐöÈðÇ æóÒõæÑðÇ ; áöÐóÇ Ðóãøóåõãõ Çááøóåõ æóÃóäúßóÑó Úóáóíúåöãú åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (Åöäú åöíó ÅöáøóÇ ÃóÓúãóÇÁñ ÓóãøóíúÊõãõæåóÇ ÃóäúÊõãú æóÂÈóÇÄõßõãú. . .) ÅöáóÎú. æóÈóíøóäó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÃóÓúãóÇÁò áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉó áóåóÇ æóáóíúÓó áóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÞúáö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÞúáö ÓõáúØóÇäñ íóÕöÝõåóÇ.(1/77)
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó ÈöÍóãúáö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö Ïõæäó Íóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÃóÞóáøõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑö ; ÅöÐú åõæó íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÅöÖúãóÇÑö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÅöÖúãóÇÑö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇááøõÛóÇÊö ÝóáóÇ íõÕóÇÑõ Åöáóíúåö.
Þóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö¡ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö¡ æóíóÎúáõÞó áöãóäú íóÓúãóÚõåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ÈöÃóäøó æóÇÖöÚðÇ æóÖóÚóåóÇ áöÊöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ íõÏúÚóì Èöåö Åöáóì ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÈöÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö áóÒöãó ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ØóÑöíÞõ ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö ãõäúÍóÕöÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáÊøóæúÞöíÝö ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇááøõÛóÇÊö æóÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö áöáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó ÈöÃóäøó æóÇÖöÚðÇ æóÖóÚóåóÇ áöÊöáúßó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ØõÑõÞõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ áóäóÇ¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÊóÔóßøóßõ Ýöíåö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÔúßöíßö ßóÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÊóÓúãöíóÉö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö ÌóæúåóÑðÇ æóÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÚóÑóÖðÇ æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓóÇãöí¡ ÝóäóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóÏúÑóßó Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚõ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áóäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóæóÇÊõÑó Ýöíåö¡ ÝóØóÑöíÞõ ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáÙøóäøö Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ.(1/78)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö]
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇßöãö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáÇÎÊáÇÝ Ýí ÇáÍÓä æÇáÞÈÍ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇáúÝöÞúåöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö
ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÍóÇßöãðÇ æóãóÍúßõæãðÇ Ýöíåö æóãóÍúßõæãðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáúäóÝúÑöÖú Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÃõÕõæáò:
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇßöãö
ÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÍóÇßöãó Óöæóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóáóÇ Íõßúãó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Íóßóãó Èöåö¡ æóíóÊóÝóÑøóÚõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÞúáó áóÇ íõÍóÓøöäõ æóáóÇ íõÞóÈøöÍõ æóáóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÔõßúÑó ÇáúãõäúÚöãö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Íõßúãó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóáúäóÑúÓöãú Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãóÓúÃóáóÉð.
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó áóÇ ÊõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö áöÐóæóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÞúáó áóÇ íõÍóÓøöäõ æóáóÇ íõÞóÈøöÍõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊò ËóáóÇËóÉò ÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉò ÛóíúÑö ÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉò.
ÃóæøóáõåóÇ: ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÍõÓúäö Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÇÝóÞó ÇáúÛóÑóÖó¡ æóÇáúÞóÈöíÍõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõ.
æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåö æóÊóÈóÏøõáöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÇáúãóÍóáøö ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö.
æóËóÇäöíåóÇ: ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÍõÓúäö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÃóÝúÚóÇáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊõ æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊõ Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö. æóÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞõÈúÍö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÈöÐóãøö ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ Ïõæäó ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ æóÐóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æõÑõæÏö ÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö.(1/79)
æóËóÇáöËõåóÇ: ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÍõÓúäö Úóáóì ãóÇ áöÝóÇÚöáöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö (1) áöÏõÎõæáö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúÞóÈöíÍõ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈóÚúÏó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÍóÓóäñ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ æóÞóÈúáóåõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÍóÓóäõåõ æóÞóÈöíÍõåõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö. (2) æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóÇáúßóÑøóÇãöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌõ æóÇáúÈóÑóÇåöãóÉõ (3) æóÇáËøóäóæöíøóÉõ (4) æóÛóíúÑõåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó ãõäúÞóÓöãóÉñ Åöáóì ÍóÓóäóÉò æóÞóÈöíÍóÉò áöÐóæóÇÊöåóÇ¡ áóßöäøó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ ÍõÓúäõåõ æóÞõÈúÍõåõ ÈöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÞõÈúÍö ÇáúßõÝúÑóÇäö¡ Ãóæú ÈöäóÙóÑöåö ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáúãõÖöÑøö æóÞõÈúÍö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ; áöÃóäøóåõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÎóÑóÌó ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö
(2) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ãóÍóáøó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö: ÇáúÍõÓúäõ æóÇáúÞõÈúÍõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ßóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ Ãóæú Úóáóì ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò ßóÇäó Èöåö ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ Ëõãøó äóÔóÃó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÎöáóÇÝñ ÂÎóÑõ åóáú ÊóËúÈõÊõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ãöäú ÍõÓúäò Ãóæú ÞõÈúÍò¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóÑöÏú ÔóÑúÚñ Ãóæú íóÊóæóÞøóÝú Ðóáößó Úóáóì æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉõ æóãóäú Ýöí Íõßúãöåöãú Åöáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÌóÚóáõæåõãóÇ ÊóÇÈöÚóíúäö áöÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóäóåúíöåö¡ áöÐóáößó ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÚöáóáó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÃóãóÇÑóÇÊò¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåöãóÇ æóÈöäóÇÁó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóÑöÏú ÔóÑúÚñ¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ áõÒõæãó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÇáúÍõÓúäó Ýöí ÝöÚúáò ÞóÖóì ÈöØóáóÈöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÞõÈúÍó Ýöí ÝöÚúáò Íóßóãó ÈöãóäúÚöåö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÇáúÚöáóáó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÈóæóÇÚöËó æóÏóæóÇÚöíó áöÈöäóÇÁö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóíúäö¡ æóäóÝóæõÇ ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: áóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ Íõßúãñ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö. æóÃóËúÈóÊõæÇ ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÇáäøóÞúáö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇáúÍõßúãó Èóáú ÊóäúÝöíåö¡ ÍóÊøóì íõËúÈöÊóåõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåöãóÇ ÑóÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö Ýöí äóÝúíöåöãú áóåõãóÇ¡ æóÌóÚóáõæÇ ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉö ÑóÏøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐõæÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö¡ æóÑóÏøõæÇ ÈóÇØöáó ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöãóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ãöäú ÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÍóÞøö - ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì Ì 1 ãöäú ãóÏóÇÑöÌö ÇáÓøóÇáößöíäó áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÞóíøöãö æóÅöáóì ÌóæóÇÈö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíóÉó¡ ÝóÝöíåöãóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö æóÈóÓúØõ ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö
(3) ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöãóÉõ: ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÍõßóãóÇÁö ÇáúåöäúÏö ÊóÈöÚõæÇ ÝóíúáóÓõæÝðÇ íõÓóãøóì ÈõÑúåóÇãó¡ ÝóäõÓöÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞöíáó Åöäøóåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÚóÈóÏóÊú ÕóäóãðÇ íõÓóãøóì ÈõÑúåõãó ÝóäõÓöÈóÊú Åöáóíúåö
(4) ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÊóÒúÚõãõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøõæÑó æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉó ÃóÒóáöíøóÇäö ÞóÏöíãóÇäö¡ ÝóäõÓöÈóÊú Åöáóì ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö.(1/80)
ÝóÒóÚóãóÊö ÇáúÃóæóÇÆöáõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÓóäó æóÇáúÞóÈöíÍó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎúÊóÕøò ÈöÕöÝóÉò ãõæÌöÈóÉò áöÍõÓúäöåö æóÞõÈúÍöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóæúÌóÈó Ðóáößó ßóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÕøóáó æóÃóæúÌóÈó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóÓóäö¡ æóäóÔóÃó Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÓóÈóÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö¡ ÃóæúãóÃúäóÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÅöáóì ãõäóÇÞóÖóÊöåöãú ÝöíåóÇ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ÈöÍõÌóÌò:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö áóáóÒöãó ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÈóÞöíóÊú ÓóÇÚóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì ßóÐóÈúÊõº Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÓóäõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞó Ãóæö ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ æóãóÇ áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÞóÈöíÍõ Ýóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÞõÈúÍõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ: ÒóíúÏñ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áöÞõÈúÍöåö: ÅöãøóÇ äóÝúÓõ Ðóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÌúãõæÚõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÃóãúÑñ ÎóÇÑöÌñ. ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: íóáúÒóãõåõ ÞõÈúÍõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí: íóáúÒóãõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÚöáøóÉð áöáúÃóãúÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ: íóáúÒóãõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÌõÒúÁó ÚöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö¡ æóÇáúßõáøõ ãõÍóÇáñ (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌõ: ÅöãøóÇ áóÇÒöãñ áöáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇÒöãðÇ áöäóÝúÓö ÇááøóÝúÙö áóÒöãó ÞõÈúÍõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇÒöãðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ Ãóæú áöãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ãõÄóËøöÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇÒöãðÇ áöÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí
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(1) ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÔõÑõæØö ÚöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ãóäøó ÊóÚúáöíáó ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóãöíøö ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÏóãó ÇáúãóÍúÖó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚöáøóÉð áöáúÍõßúãö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö.(1/81)
ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌõ áóÇÒöãðÇ áöáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö Ãóãúßóäó ãõÝóÇÑóÞóÊõåõ áóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúßóÇÐöÈõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ. (1) ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúßóÇÐöÈõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÝóÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ËõÈõæÊöíøðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÞúÊöÖóÇÆöåö áöáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö¡ æóåõæó Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÝóÉð áöãóÌúãõæÚö ÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ýóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ; áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÝóÉð áöÈóÚúÖöåóÇ áóÒöãó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ßóÇÐöÈóÉð ; ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ßóæúäö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áöÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ. (2) ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÞõÈúÍõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÕúÝðÇ ÍóÞöíÞöíøðÇ áóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóæúÖóÇÚö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈó ÞóÏú íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ßóÐöÈðÇ æóÞóÈöíÍðÇ ÈöæóÖúÚö ÇáúæóÇÖöÚö áóåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ Ãóæú äóåúíðÇ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóáóÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊõÝöíÏó Èöåö ÚöÕúãóÉõ Ïóãö äóÈöíøò Úóäú ÙóÇáöãò íóÞúÕöÏõ ÞóÊúáóåõ.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÙøõáúãõ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áößóæúäöåö ÙõáúãðÇ áóßóÇäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæáõ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ Úóáóì ÚöáøóÊöåö ; áóÃóäøó ÞõÈúÍó ÇáÙøõáúãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãóÚúáõæáñ áöáÙøõáúãö ãõÊóÞóÏøöãñ Úóáóì ÇáÙøõáúãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó áöÝóÇÚöáöåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ æóßóÇäó ÇáúÞõÈúÍõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö æóÕúÝðÇ ËõÈõæÊöíøðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÈöäóÞöíÖöåö ãõÚóáøóáðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóÝúåõæãó ÇáÙøõáúãö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÖúÑóÇÑñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÍóÞøò¡ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞó ÚóÏóãò¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎúÊóÇÑóÉò áóåõ¡ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÓóäðÇ æóáóÇ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ (ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎúÊóÇÑò) Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó áóÇÒöãðÇ áóåõ áóÇ íóÓóÚõåõ ÊóÑúßõåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÖúØóÑøñ Åöáóíúåö áóÇ ãõÎúÊóÇÑó áóåõ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÊóÑúßõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö Åöáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöíøñ áóÇ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøñ.
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(1) ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí ÇáúÞõÈúÍó ãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóÊúåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ãöäú ãóÖóÇÑøó ÊõÝúÓöÏõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóãóÚó¡ æóÊõÕöíÈõ ãóäú ßóÐóÈó¡ æóãóäú ÎõÏöÚó ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö ÝóÕóÏøóÞóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÑóÇÌöÚðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó áóÝúÙñ¡ æóáóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ æóÍúÏóåõ ; ÅöÐú ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóÍúÏóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÇáúãõÓóãøóÇÊö ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÊóÚúáöíáö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóãöíøö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøö ÇáúãóÍúÖö¡ æóãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúÈóÍúËõ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíó ÃóãúÑò ËõÈõæÊöíøò åõæó ÅöÝúÓóÇÏõ ÇáúÈöíÆóÉö¡ æóÇáÖøóÑóÑõ ÇááøóÇÍöÞõ Èöãóäú ßóÐøóÈóåõ æóÈöãóäú ÕóÏøóÞóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÕöÝóÉñ áóÇÒöãóÉñ áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö áöáúæóÇÞöÚö æóäóÇÔöÆñ ÚóäúåóÇ æóáóíúÓó ÕöÝóÉð áöáúÍõÑõæÝö æóáóÇ áöÈóÚúÖöåóÇ(1/82)
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌóÌõ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÕöÏúÞóåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÍóÓóäñ (1) ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö áóåõ ÞõÈúÍõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈöíÍðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãöåö áöáúÞóÈöíÍö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÉö áöáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøóÉö. æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÕöÏúÞöåö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ æóÞõÈúÍö ßóÐöÈöåö áößóæúäöåö ßóÐöÈðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ æóÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ÝóáöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåóÇ ãöäö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Èößóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðÇ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞõÈúÍõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÚóÏóãö ãõØóÇÈóÞóÊöåö áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ¡ ãóÚó Úöáúãö ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Èöåö ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ßóÐöÈðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÚóíøöäò áöÎóáóÇÕö ÇáäøóÈöíøö áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÕúÏò áóåõ¡ Ãóæú ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÖö æóÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÚóíøóäðÇ áóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó ÊóÚúíöíäõåõ ÝóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãóÇ áóÇÒóãóåõ ãöäú ÊóÎúáöíÕö ÇáäøóÈöíøö áóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÇááøóÇÒöãõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÃúËóãõ Èöåö ãóÚó ÞõÈúÍöåö æóáóÇ íóÍúÑõãõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ áöÊóÑóÌøõÍö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó ãóäúÚõ ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÞõÈúÍö ÇáÙøõáúãö Úóáóíúåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ßóæúäöåö ÕöÝóÉð áóåõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáÙøõáúãö Èößóæúäöåö ÞóÈöíÍðÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ æóÚõÑúÝðÇ¡ æóÃóãúßóäó ãóäúÚõ ÊóÚúáöíáö ÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóãö. æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇÒöãðÇ áöáÙøõáúãö ÝóáóÇ
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(1) ÇáúÊöÒóÇãõ ÅöäúÓóÇäò ÇáúßóÐöÈó Ýöí ÓóÇÚóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÈóÞóÇÆöåö ÞóÈöíÍñ æóÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóæóÝóÇÄõåõ ÈöãóÇ ÇáúÊóÒóãóåõ ßöáóÇåõãóÇ ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó äóÞúÖõåõ ÕöíóÇäóÉó äóÝúÓöåö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÍöÑúÕóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö íõÚóÏøõ ÍóÓóäðÇ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãðÇ ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÕó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈöíÍö áóÇ áöáúÞóÈöíÍö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊöãøõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ: æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáúÞõÈúÍö áóåõ ÞõÈúÍõåõ. æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÍúÊóÇÌò Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉö(1/83)
íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåö¡ ÝóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÙøõáúãõ ÚöáøóÉó ÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúæõÌõæÏöíøö¡ æóÇáúÚóÏóãõ ÔóÑúØõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÖúØóÑøðÇ Åöáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÎúÊóÇÑò ÝöíåóÇ áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö Úóíúäö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäúåóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ. (1) æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÍóÓóäðÇ Ãóæú ÞóÈöíÍðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÝóÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÞóÈöíÍðÇ æóÍóÓóäðÇ áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãóäú Úóáöãó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÍõÓúäöåö æóÞõÈúÍöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÍóÞöíÞóÉó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóíóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÍõÓúäöåö æóÞõÈúÍöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ ßóÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáÖøóÇÑøö æóÞõÈúÍö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÝúåõæãõåõ ÒóÇÆöÏðÇ Úóáóì ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö Èöåö Ýóåõæó ÕöÝóÉñ æõÌõæÏöíøóÉñ ; áöÃóäøó äóÞöíÖóåõ æóåõæó áóÇ ÍõÓúäó æóáóÇ ÞõÈúÍó ÕöÝóÉñ áöáúÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóÍúÖö ÝóßóÇäó ÚóÏóãöíøðÇ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ßóæúäõ ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ æóåõæó ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö áößóæúäöåö ÕöÝóÉð áóåõ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞöíóÇãõ ÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÖö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÑóÖó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáúÚóÑóÖö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÌóæúåóÑö Ãóæú ÈöãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÞóÇÆöãñ ÈöÇáúÌóæúåóÑö¡ ÞóØúÚðÇ áöáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚö. æóÞöíóÇãõ ÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÈöÇáúÌóæúåóÑö áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áóåõ ÛóíúÑó æõÌõæÏöåö Ýöí ÍóíúËö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö¡ ÊóÈóÚðÇ áóåõ Ýöíåö. æóÞöíóÇãõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÚóÑóÖóíúäö ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áóåõ Óöæóì Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÍóíúËõ ÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÇáøóÐöí Þöíáó Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇÆöãñ Èöåö¡ æóÍóíúËõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÑóÖõ åõæó ÍóíúËõ ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö ÝóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÍóíúËö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö æóÞóÇÆöãóÇäö Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäðì áöÞöíóÇãö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞöíóÇãõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Èöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇÊøöÕóÇÝö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Èößóæúäöåö ãõãúßöäðÇ æóãóÚúáõæãðÇ æóãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ æóãóÐúßõæÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ. Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãóÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö ãóÏúáõæáöåö.
æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
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(1) æóÃóíúÖðÇ åõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ãóÌúÈõæÑñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ.(1/84)
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÍõÓúäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÇáäøóÇÝöÚö æóÞõÈúÍö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÖöÑøö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÍõÓúäõ ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÞõÈúÍõ ÇáúßõÝúÑóÇäö æóÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ßõáøö ÍóÇáóÉò ÊõÞóÏøóÑõ ãöäú ÚõÑúÝò Ãóæú ÔóÑöíÚóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóäö ÇÓúÊóæóì Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÛóÑóÖöåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ æóÞõØöÚó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Úóäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊö æóÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóãöíáõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóíõÄúËöÑõåõ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöÍõÓúäöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÔóÎúÕðÇ ãõÔúÑöÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúåóáóÇßö æóåõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÅöäúÞóÇÐöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóãöíáõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÚõ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö Ðóáößó ÍõÕõæáó ÛóÑóÖò ÏõäúíóÇæöíøò æóáóÇ ÃõÎúÑóæöíøò¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóÊóÖóÑøóÑõ ÈöÇáÊøóÚóÈö æóÇáÊøóÚóäøöí¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöÍõÓúäöåö Ýöí ÐóÇÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóãúÚõ æóæõÑõæÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö åõæó ãóÏúÑóßó ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ; áóãóÇ ÝóÑøóÞó ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ Èóíúäó ãóäú ÃóÍúÓóäó Åöáóíúåö æóÃóÓóÇÁó¡ æóáóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõ Çááøóåö ÍóÓóäðÇ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóáóÌóÇÒó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö æóÇáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóáóÌóÇÒó ÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö Úóáóì íóÏö ÇáúßóÐøóÇÈö¡ æóáóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝðÇ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöÝúÍóÇãõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÅöÐóÇ ÈõÚöËó æóÇÏøóÚóì ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó æóÏóÚóÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÊöåö¡ ÝóáöáúãóÏúÚõæøö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÊößó ãóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóíøó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ. æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáäøóÙóÑö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Ýöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÊößó æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÝóÃõãõæÑñ ÊóÞúÏöíÑöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóãóÝúåõæãõ äóÞóÇÆöÖöåóÇ ÓóáúÈõ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑóÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÑóÖöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÞöíóÇãõ ÇáúÚóÑóÖö ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÖö. (1) ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö áöáÐøóÇÊö æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöãóäúÚö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö (2) ¡ æóäóÍúäõ ÃóíúÖðÇ
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(1) áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÇáÐøößúÑó ÕöÝóÇÊñ ËõÈõæÊöíøóÉñ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÝóì¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõÓúäó æóÇáúÞõÈúÍó ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáËøõÈõæÊöíøóÉö æóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó.
(2) æóáóßöäú áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåöãú áöÇäúÍöÑóÇÝöåöãú æóÎöáóÇÝöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ æóÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÍõÓúäõåõ æóÞõÈúÍóåõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉð.(1/85)
áóÇ äõæóÇÝöÞõ Úóáóì ÞõÈúÍö ÅöíáóÇãö ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌõÑúãò æóáóÇ ÛóÑóÖò (1) ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÕõæóÑö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÊøóÝóÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÚóÇÏóÉð (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉð ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú (3) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÐóÇÊöíøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò (4) ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö æóáóæú ÈöæóÌúåò¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Èöåö. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõåõ ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí íõãúäóÚõ ãóÚóåõ ÅöíËóÇÑõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóíúáõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúÞóÇÐö áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈóÇØöáñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÝóÇáúãóíúáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöäúÞóÇÐö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÓóáøóãðÇ¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØõÑõÞö ÞöíóÇÓöåö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
Ëõãøó ßóíúÝó íõÞóÇÓõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉö ÈöÊóÞúÈöíÍö Êóãúßöíäö ÇáÓøóíøöÏö áöÚóÈöíÏöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóæóÇÍöÔö¡ ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåöãú æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ãóäúÚöåöãú Ïõæäó ÊóÞúÈöíÍö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÈõÍú ãöäó Çááøóåö Ðóáößó áöÚóÏóãö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóÇ íóÞóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó æõÞõæÚõåóÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáÑøóÈøö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÈöÚóæóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóãóäúÚõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö áóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáäøóÙøóÇãõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÝóãóÇ Þöíáó Ýóåõæó ÈöÚóíúäöåö áóÇÒöãñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÓøóíøöÏö¡ æóÃóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ ÞóíúÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ æóÇÞöÚñ.
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(1) ÅöíáóÇãõ ÇáúÈóåóÇÆöãö Åöäú ÕóÏóÑó ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌõÑúãò Ãóæú ÛóÑóÖò¡ Óóáöíãñ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó Çááøóåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÍößúãóÉò¡ æóÅöäú áóãú äóØøóáöÚú ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöÞöíóÇãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÚóÏúáöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö.
(2) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ãóäú ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáúãóáóÇÍöÏóÉö.
(3) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ãöäúåõ
(4) ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ãóäúÔóÃõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ßóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóäúÔóÃõ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò ßóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóßóÇäó Ðóáößó áöÐóÇÊöåö Ãóæú áöãõáóÇÈóÓóÇÊöåö.(1/86)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ãóÝúåõæãó ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÈöãóÚúäóì ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÛóÑóÖö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÈöãóÚúäóì ãóÇ áöáúÝóÇÚöáö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáóåõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøö. (1) æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáó Çááøóåö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÍóÓóäñ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøó áóåõ ÝöÚúáóåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áöáØøóÇÚóÉö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäðì áöáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÑõæÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóäúåöíøðÇ æóÇáäøóåúíö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉó Úóáóì íóÏö ÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ãóÏúÑóßñ Óöæóì ÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøö æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÈöåö ÇäúÏöÝóÇÚõ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇã ÇáúÎóÇãöÓ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóáó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáÐøóÇÊöíøö áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ æõÌõæÈö ÔõßúÑö ÇáúãõäúÚöãö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ Íõßúãò ÚóÞúáöíøò ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ; ÅöÐú åõãóÇ ãóÈúäöíøóÇäö Úóáóì Ðóáößó. ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÚóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ áöÝóÑúÖö ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö ÅöÙúåóÇÑðÇ áöãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊö æóÇáúãõäóÇÞóÖóÇÊö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÔõßúÑó ÇáúãõäúÚöãö æóÇÌöÈñ ÓóãúÚðÇ áóÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóäøó ÔõßúÑó ÇáúãõäúÚöãö æóÇÌöÈñ ÓóãúÚðÇ áóÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÞúáö áöÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íõæÌöÈó áöÝóÇÆöÏóÉò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöíÌóÇÈõåõ ÚóÈóËðÇ æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ¡ æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóæúÏõ ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÊóÚóÇáöíåö ÚóäúåóÇ æóÅöäú ÚóÇÏóÊú Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÚõæÏó Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÔõßúÑó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎõÕõæãö áóíúÓó åõæó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøõßúÑó ÝóÑúÚõ ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÅöÊúÚóÇÈö ÇáäøóÝúÓö æóÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö áóåóÇ
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ÊóÝúÓöíÑõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ æóÇáúÞóÈöíÍö ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑó Çááøóåõ ÈöÐóãøö ÝóÇÚöáöåö.(1/87)
ÈöÊóßúáöíÝöåóÇ ÊóÌóäøõÈö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóÍóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÝóÑúÚõ ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ (1) Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÇáÊøóÚóÈö æóÇáúÚóäóÇÁö ÇáúãóÍúÖö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÍóÙøó áöáäøóÝúÓö Ýöíåö. (2) æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÍóÇáñ ; áöÚóÏóãö ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉö Ïõæäó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó (3) ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áößóæúäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇÌöÈðÇ Óöæóì ÊóÑóÌøõÍö ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö¡ æóÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö íóÚúÑöÝõ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑóÌøöÍñ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ ÅöÐö ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ åõæó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍõ (4) ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóáó ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøõ ÊóÚóíøóäó ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÍóÕúÑö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÈóØóáó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö ÊóÚóíøóäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäúåõãóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÔõßúÑõ ÇáúãõäúÚöãö ãóÚúáõæãñ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ÖóÑõæÑóÉð ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáñ Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÃóãúÑò ÖóÑõæÑöíøò ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊõãú: Åöäøó ÅöíÌóÇÈó ÇáúÚóÞúáö áöáÔøõßúÑö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó áöÝóÇÆöÏóÉò. Þóæúáõßõãú: " ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóßõæäó ÚóÈóËðÇ ÞóÈöíÍðÇ " ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöäúßõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ ãóÚó ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈóÉó ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ Êóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú æóÇÌöÈóÉó ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
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(1) ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÕöÝóÇÊò åöíó ãóäúÔóÃõ ÍõÓúäöåóÇ Ãóæú ÞõÈúÍöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÍöÓøõ æóÇáúÝöØúÑóÉõ æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ æóÇáÔøóÑúÚõ. æóÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ íóÚúÊóÑöÝõ ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÊóÚúáöíáöåö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó æóÈóíóÇäö ÍößóãöåóÇ æóÃóÓúÑóÇÑöåóÇ¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÈóíóÇäö ãóíúÒóÉö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóãúäõæÚõ ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãõåóÇ áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ ÈöåöãóÇ Ïõæäó ÔóÑúÚò.
(2) Èóáú áóåóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍóÙøñ æóåõæó ÇÈúÊöÛóÇÁõ ÑöÖúæóÇäö Çááøóåö¡ æóãóËõæÈóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÇáúÌóÒóÇÁö.
(3) íóßúÝöí Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ Ãóäøó åõäóÇáößó ÌóÒóÇÁð.
(4) ÞóÏú íóáúÊóÒöãõ ÇáúÎóÕúãõ Ðóáößó æóíóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÞúáö áöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ æóÅöÏúÑóÇßöåö áóåõ Úóäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓóÈóÈöåö æóãõæÌöÈöåö ãöäú ÍõÓúäò Ãóæú ÞõÈúÍò Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáøóÊöí ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÚõÐúÑö áöáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ áóæú áóãú íõÑúÓöáö Çááøóåõ ÑõÓõáóåõ åõÏóÇÉð ãõÈóÔøöÑöíäó æóãõäúÐöÑöíäó¡ æóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßóËöíÑóÉñ(1/88)
æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú æóÇÌöÈóÉð ÝóãóÇ íõæÌöÈõåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÈöåóÇ (1) Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÝóÇÆöÏóÉò ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÔøõßúÑö äóÝúÓó ÇáÔøõßúÑö áóÇ ÃóãúÑðÇ ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÊóÍúÕöíáó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóÏóÝúÚó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãóØúáõæÈñ áöäóÝúÓöåö áóÇ áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò Úóäú ßóæúäö ÇáÔøõßúÑö ÔõßúÑðÇ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáúÃóãúäó ãöäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøõßúÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáäøöÚóãö ; ÅöÐú åõæó ãõÍúÊóãóáñ æóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ Úóäú ÎõØõæÑö åóÐóÇ ÈöÈóÇáöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö áóßöäøóåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÏóÇáøñ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÐóÇßó (2) íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó.
æóáóßöäú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áóÇäúÍóÕóÑóÊú ãóÏóÇÑößõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÅöÝúÍóÇãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö æóÅöÈúØóÇáö ãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÏøóÚóì æóÊóÍóÏøóì ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö æóÏóÚóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝöíåóÇ áöÙõåõæÑö ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÝóáöáúãóÏúÚõæøö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÊößó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíøó ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÔóÑúÚðÇ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó (3) ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÚóÞúáðÇ ; ÅöÐú åõæó ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó Ðóáößó¡ áóßöäú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóäú íóäúÊóÝöÚõ ÈöÇáÔøõßúÑö æóíóÊóÖóÑøóÑõ ÈöÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö ÝóáóÇ. (4) Þóæúáõåõãú: áöãó ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö¿ ÞõáúäóÇ: áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: åóÐóÇ ãöäúßõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóÞöíãõ. ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö áöáúÎóÕúãö áößóæúäöåö ÞóÇÆöáðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÈöåö íóÈúØõáõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÞóÏú Ãóãúßóäó
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(1) ÈöåóÇ: ÇáúÈóÇÁõ ÓóÈóÈöíøóÉñ
(2) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó
(3) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó. . . ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÊóÚõæÏõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÑúÌõæ ÈöÔõßúÑöåö ÑöÖóÇÁó Çááøóåö Úóäúåõ ÝöíåöãóÇ - Åöäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝö ÇáúÌóÒóÇÁó ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö - Ãóæö ÇáúÝóÎúÑó Ãóæú ÅöÑúÖóÇÁó ÇáäøóÝúÓö.(1/89)
Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö áöÍößúãóÉò åöíó äóÝúÓõåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÌóáúÈö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÝöÚúáö ÇáÔøõßúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó äóÝúÓó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÍößúãóÉó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉó ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÏöåö¡ æóáóæú Ãóãúßóäó Ðóáößó áóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉõ ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÏöåö ÈóÞöíó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó åöíó ÇáúÃóãúäõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Îõáõæøö ÇáúÚóÇÞöáö Úóäú ÎõØõæÑö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãóäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÈöÈóÇáöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ ãöäú ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÔóÇåöÏðÇ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÕöÍøóÉö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÎõØõæÑö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö ÈöÈóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÔõßúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÅöÊúÚóÇÈöåö áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÊóÕóÑøõÝöåö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóãúáõæßóÉñ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ïõæäó ÅöÐúäöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóäúÝóÚóÉò ÊóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóíúåö (1) æóáóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæáö Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÎóÐó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö æóÇáúÎöÏúãóÉö Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖö Çáúãõáõæßö ÇáúÚõÙóãóÇÁö ÈöÊóÍúÑöíßö ÃõäúãõáóÊöåö Ýöí ßóÓúÑö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÔõßúÑöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö Úóáóì ÅöÚúØóÇÆöåö áõÞúãóÉð ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÆöåö æóÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁö Çáúãóáößö ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÚóÏøõ ãõÓúÊóåúÒöÆðÇ ÈöÐóáößó Çáúãóáößö ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáúÚöÞóÇÈö Úóáóì ÕõäúÚöåö.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÔõßúÑó ÇáÔøóÇßöÑöíäó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÌóáóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ïõæäó ÊóÍúÑöíßö ÇáúÃõäúãõáóÉö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÌóáóÇáö Çáúãóáößö¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãó Çááøóåõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö áöÚóÏóãö ÊóäóÇåöí ãõáúßöåö æóÊóäóÇåöí ãõáúßö ÛóíúÑöåö Ïõæäó Êöáúßó ÇááøõÞúãóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇØöí áöÎöÏúãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÔõßúÑöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóäúÚóãó Èöåö Úóáóíúåö Èöåö Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÐøóãøö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóáóæúáóÇ æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöØóáóÈö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö æóÍóËøöåöãú Úóáóíúåö áóãóÇ æóÞóÚó (2) ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö (3) ÇáúãõÔúÊóÛöáö ÈöÇáÔøõßúÑö æóÇáúÎöÏúãóÉö ÃóÑúÌóì ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÑöÖö Úóäú Ðóáößó ÚõÑúÝðÇ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÓóáøóãñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú íóäúÊóÝöÚõ ÈöÇáúÎöÏúãóÉö æóÇáÔøõßúÑö æóíóÊóÖóÑøóÑõ ÈöÚóÏóãöåöãóÇ¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõäóÒøóåñ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóØøóÑöÏõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö. (4)
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(1) ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÔúßõÑõ ÑóÈøóåõ ÏóÝúÚðÇ áöãóÝúÓóÏóÉò íóÎúÔóÇåóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÌóáúÈðÇ áöãóÕúáóÍóÉò ÊóÚõæÏõ Åöáóíúåö.
(2) áóæú ÞóÇáó: áóãóÇ ÕóÍøó Ãóæú áóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó. áóßóÇäó ÃóäúÓóÈó.
(3) ÇáúÃóæúáóì: ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÛöáó. . . ÅöáóÎú.
(4) ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáÔøõßúÑö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÃúÊö ÚóæúÏõåóÇ Åöáóì Çááøóåö¡ ÝóíóÊóÃóÊøóì ÚóæúÏõåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.(1/90)
Þóæúáõåõãú: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóíúßõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÇáúÃõÎúÑóæöíøóÉó æóÅöäú áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöáøó ÇáúÚóÇÞöáõ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ ÝóÇááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäøóÇ Ãóäú áóæö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÍößúãóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ. (1) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÅöÝúÍóÇãö ÇáÑøõÓõáö ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãóäúÚõ ÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Úóáóì äóÙóÑö ÇáúãóÏúÚõæøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö¡ Èóáú ãóåúãóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ æóßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÝöíãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãõãúßöäðÇ æóßóÇäó ÇáúãóÏúÚõæøõ ÚóÇÞöáðÇ ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ æóËóÈóÊó¡ æóÇáúãóÏúÚõæøõ ãõÝóÑøöØñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö äóÝúÓöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäøó ÇáÏøóæúÑó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö ÈöÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÞúáó ÈöÌóæúåóÑöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÎóáóÇ ÚóÇÞöáñ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáöáúãóÏúÚõæøö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ ÃóäúÙõÑõ Ýöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÊößó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÚúÑöÝó æõÌõæÈó ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúÙõÑó¡ æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ ãõÝúÍöãñ. æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó íóßõæäõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ áóÇ Íõßúãó áöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóÞøö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ Íõßúãó áöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÓøóãõæÇ ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑöíøóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ ÞóÈøóÍóåõ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáõ Ýöíåö ÈöÍõÓúäò æóáóÇ ÞõÈúÍò. ÝóãóÇ ÍóÓøóäóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ: Åöäö ÇÓúÊóæóì ÝöÚúáõåõ æóÊóÑúßõåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÚö æóÇáÖøóÑóÑö Óóãøóæúåõ ãõÈóÇÍðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóÌøóÍó ÝöÚúáõåõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö ÝóÅöäú áóÍöÞó ÇáÐøóãøõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö Óóãøóæúåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö ßóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ãóæú áöÛóíúÑöåö ßóÇáäøóÙóÑö ÇáúãõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóáúÍóÞö ÇáÐøóãøõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåö Óóãøóæúåõ ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ. æóãóÇ ÞóÈøóÍóåõ ÇáúÚóÞúáõ: ÝóÅöäö ÇáúÊóÍóÞó ÇáÐøóãøõ ÈöÝöÚúáöåö Óóãøóæúåõ
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(1) ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó áöáøóåö ßóãóÇáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ãöäú ßóæúäöåö æóÔóÑúÚöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÍúßõãõ ãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Úóáóì ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóÔóÑúÚöåö¡ æóíóÑúÚóì ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÕúáóÍóÉó ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäúåõ æóÑóÍúãóÉð.(1/91)
ÍóÑóÇãðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóãóßúÑõæåñ¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáõ Ýöíåö ÈöÍõÓúäò æóáóÇ ÞõÈúÍò ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö: Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÍóÙóÑóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóÈóÇÍóåõ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú æóÞóÝó Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
ÇÍúÊóÌøóÊö ÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉõ ÈöÇáúãóäúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ ÝóÞóæúáõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõÚóÐøöÈöíäó ÍóÊøóì äóÈúÚóËó ÑóÓõæáðÇ} .
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãøóäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÞóÈúáó ÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ Ãóãøóäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ; ÅöÐú åõæó áóÇÒöãñ áóåõãóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöÆóáøóÇ íóßõæäó áöáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÑøõÓõáö} æóãóÝúåõæãõåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö (1) ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó äóÝúíõ ÇáúãõæÌöÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö: ÝóáöÃóäøó ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÑúÚó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò æóáóÇ ãõÍóÑøöãò áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ Íõßúãó. (2) ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ãöäú áóæóÇÒöãö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇäúÝößóÇßõåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÚóÝúæò Ãóæú ÔóÝóÇÚóÉò¡ ÝóäóÝúíõåõ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ äóÝúíõåõãóÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ áóåõãóÇ áóßöäú ÈóÚúÏó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ äóÝúíõåõãóÇ ãöäú äóÝúíöåö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ áóåõãóÇ¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ áöáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÔóÑúÚðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇááøóÇÒöãõ ãöäú äóÝúíöåö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö äóÝúíõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÔóÑúÚðÇ áóÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóÇáúæóÞúÝö áöÚóÏóãö ãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö áöÔóíúÁò ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
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(1) Ãóíú: íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞöíóÇãö ÚõÐúÑöåöãú æóÞóÈõæáöåö.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÕúãó ÞóÏú íõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÃóÏúÑóßó ãõæÌöÈó ÇáúÍõßúãö æóÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíó áóåõ.(1/92)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ßóæúäó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö ÍõÌøóÉð ÝóÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóÇÑöÏñ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ãóÇ Ýöíåö. ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÍõßúãö Íõßúãñ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝóßóÇäó ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó æõÞõæÚó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóÇÒöãðÇ ãöäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÝóáóÇÒöãõåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÃóãúäö ãöäú Ðóáößó áöÚóÏóãö ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö Ïõæäóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÇááøóÇÒöãõ ãõäúÊóÝò ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÝóáóÇ ãóáúÒõæãó¡ æóÈöåö íóäúÏóÝöÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËøóÇáöËö.
æóÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí äóÝúíö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö ÞóÈúáõ áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ æóäóÝúíõ ãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓúÊóÝóÇÏõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóäõÈóíøöäõåõ¡ æóÈöåö ÇäúÏóÝóÚó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ. (1) æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÌóæóÇÈõåõ¡ æóäóÝúíõ ÇáúÍõßúãö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍõßúãðÇ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÝöíøó áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÍõßúãó ãõØúáóÞðÇ áöíóáúÒóãó ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ¡ Èóáú äóÝúíõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Åöäú ÝóÓøóÑõæåóÇ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ ÝóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÈöÅöÒóÇÆöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõ áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÚó ÊóÍóÞøõÞò Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÓøóÑõæåóÇ ÈöÊóÎúíöíÑö ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ áöáúÝóÇÚöáö ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÓúãöíóÉõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ãõÈóÇÍóÉð áöÊóÍóÞøõÞò Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö. . æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÇáúãõÎóíøöÑõ ÅöãøóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÞúá ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÑúÚó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÊóÎúíöíÑõ ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÓúÊóæóì ÝöÚúáõåõ æóÊóÑúßõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÖö ÇáúÚóÞúáõ Ýöíåö ÈöÍõÓúäò æóáóÇ ÞõÈúÍò¡ æóåõæó ÝóÑúÚõ ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÓøóÑõæåõ ÈöÃóãúÑò ÂÎóÑó ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÕúæöíÑöåö.
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(1) åõæó Þóæúáõåõãú: áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóÇáúæóÞúÝö.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÃóäøóåõãóÇ ËóÇÈöÊóÇäö áöáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãóåõãóÇ áöáúÍõßúãö ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ Èóáú ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.(1/93)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ åõæó ÇáúãóÃúÐõæäõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÅöÐúäö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú ÊóÑöÏú ÕõæÑóÉõ ÇáúÅöÐúäö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: åõæó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÎóáóÞó ÇáØøõÚõæãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÃúßõæáóÇÊö æóÇáÐøóæúÞó ÝöíäóÇ¡ æóÃóÞúÏóÑóäóÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÚóÑøóÝóäóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÇÝöÚóÉñ áóäóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÖöÑøóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÖóÑóÑó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÅöÐúäö ãöäúåõ áóäóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÕóÇÑó åóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÏøóãó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ØóÚóÇãðÇ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÅöäúÓóÇäò Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁó íóÞúÖõæäó Èößóæúäöåö ÞóÏú ÃõÐöäó áóåõ Ýöíåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÎóáúÞóåõ áöáØøõÚõæãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÌúÓóÇãö ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäò ÃóáøóÇ íóÎúáõÞóåóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉò äóÝúíðÇ áöáúÚóÈóËö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÚóÇÆöÏóÉð Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÊóÚóÇáöíåö ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÚóæúÏöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÇáúÅöÖúÑóÇÑó æóáóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÎóÇÑöÌñ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÖúÑóÇÑö æóÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ; ÅöÐú åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÊõåóÇ ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚó ÈöåóÇ æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÅöÐúäö Ýöí ÅöÏúÑóÇßöåóÇ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚõ ÈöåóÇ ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáöÇáúÊöÐóÇÐö ÈöåóÇ æóÊóÞúæöíãö ÇáúÈöäúíóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÌöåóÉö ÊóÌóäøõÈöåóÇ áöäóíúáö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö¡ Ãóæö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÊóæóÞøõÝö Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö Úóáóì ÅöÏúÑóÇßöåóÇ æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáö æõÌõæÏö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò Ýöíåö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö ÚóáóíúåóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÐúäö æóÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÖóÇÁóÉö ÈöÓöÑóÇÌö ÇáúÛóíúÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÙúáóÇáö ÈöÍóÇÆöØöåö.
æóÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÍóÇÕöáõåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÞöíóÇÓö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóåõæó ãóãúäõæÚñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ (1) ¡ Ëõãøó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÃúÐõæäðÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÝóÅöÈóÇÍóÊõåõ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÚóÞúáöíøóÉñ. (2) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö¡ Åöäú ÚóäóæúÇ Èöåö ÊóæóÞøõÝó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö Úóáóì æõÑæõÏö ÇáÓøóãúÚö ÝóÍóÞøñ¡ æóÅöäú ÚóäóæúÇ Èöåö ÇáúÅöÍúÌóÇãó Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÍóÙúÑö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö áöÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÃóÏöáøóÊöåóÇ ÝóÝóÇÓöÏñ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
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(1) ÑöÚóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÝöí ÔóÑúÚöåö ãöãøóÇ íõæÌóÈõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäú Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäõåõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäúåõ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ.
(2) ßóáóÇãõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöÐúäö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö ÇáúãóÍúÖö¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÓúáöíãõ áóåõ ÊóÓúáöíãñ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.(1/94)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö]
[ãõÞóÏøóãóÉõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö
æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøóãóÉò æóÓöÊøóÉö ÝõÕõæáò.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãóÉõ¡ ÝóÝöí ÈóíóÇäö ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó: Åöäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó.
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö æóåõãóÇ ÝóÇÓöÏóÇäö ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇááøóåõ ÎóáóÞóßõãú æóãóÇ ÊóÚúãóáõæäó} ¡ æóÞóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÎóÇáöÞõ ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò} ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóáóåõ ÊóÚóáøõÞñ ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÍõßúãðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö. (1) æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõæäó: Åöäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇãöÚò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó Èößóæúäö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÍõÌóÌðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáúãöáúßö æóÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö æóäóÍúæõåõ ÃóÍúßóÇãñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú Úóáóì ãóÇ Þöíáó. (2) æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú äóÚúÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÊóæóÞøõÝö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÝóäóÞõæáõ:
ÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöíåö: " åõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÝúåóãõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚõ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ " æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÞúÕöÏö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõ Èöåö ÅöÝúåóÇãó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏøö æóáóíúÓó ÎöØóÇÈðÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøóåõ " ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Èöåö ÅöÝúåóÇãõ ãóäú åõæó ãõÊóåóíøöÆñ áöÝóåúãöåö ".
(ÝóÇááøóÝúÙõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ÚóãøóÇ æóÞóÚóÊö ÇáúãõæóÇÖóÚóÉõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõÝúåöãóÉö.
æ (ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÖóÚõ Úóáóíúåö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõåúãóáóÉö.
æó (ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÅöÝúåóÇãõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ ÚóãøóÇ æóÑóÏó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
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(1) Ýóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝóíúäö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøó ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ØóáóÈó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ãõæÌöÈöåö¡ æóíóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÇáúÚóãóáó Èöåö ÍóÓóÈó ãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝõ ÌóÇãöÚðÇ.(1/95)
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (áöãóäú åõæó ãõÊóåóíøöÆñ áöÝóåúãöåö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö áöãóäú áóÇ íóÝúåóãõ ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáúãõÛúãóì Úóáóíúåö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÝóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ " ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÇáúãõÝöíÏõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð ".
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎöØóÇÈöåö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð¡ ßóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö æóÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõØøóÑöÏñ ãõäúÚóßöÓñ áóÇ ÛõÈóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö Ýóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÎöØóÇÈö (1) ÇáØøóáóÈö æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÇáØøóáóÈõ ÅöãøóÇ áöáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú áöáÊøóÑúßö æóßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÅöãøóÇ ÌóÇÒöãñ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÒöãò.
ÝóãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö áöáúÝöÚúáö Ýóåõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö áöáÊøóÑúßö Ýóåõæó ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉõ¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö Ýóåõæó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ.
æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÎöØóÇÈö (2) ÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÎöØóÇÈö (3) ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáúæóÖúÚöíøõ ßóÇáÕøöÍøóÉö æóÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö æóäóÕúÈõ ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÓóÈóÈðÇ Ãóæú ãóÇäöÚðÇ Ãóæú ÔóÑúØðÇ¡ æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÚöÈóÇÏóÉð æóÞóÖóÇÁð æóÃóÏóÇÁð æóÚóÒöíãóÉð æóÑõÎúÕóÉð Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
ÝóáúäóÑúÓõãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÞöÓúãò ãöäúåóÇ ÝóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÓöÊøóÉõ ÝõÕõæáò:
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(1) ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈõ ÍóÐúÝõ ßóáöãóÉö " ÎöØóÇÈò " ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãö Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ; ÍóíúËõ ÚóÑøóÝó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö. ÅöáóÎú
(2) ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈõ ÍóÐúÝõ ßóáöãóÉö " ÎöØóÇÈò " ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãö Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ; ÍóíúËõ ÚóÑøóÝó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö. ÅöáóÎú
(3) ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈõ ÍóÐúÝõ ßóáöãóÉö " ÎöØóÇÈò " ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãö Ýöí ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö¡ ÝóíóÞõæáõ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáØøóáóÈö. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ; ÍóíúËõ ÚóÑøóÝó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö. ÅöáóÎú(1/96)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì åóáö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ãóæú åõæó åõæó]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö
ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÓøõÞõæØö æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: æóÌóÈóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØóÊú¡ æóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÍóÇÆöØõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáËøõÈõæÊö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÈó ÇáúãóÑöíÖõ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúßöíóäøó ÈóÇßöíóÉñ» " (1) Ãóíö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó æóÒóÇáó Úóäúåõ ÇáÊøóÒóáúÒõáõ æóÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: " åõæó ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÊóÇÑößõåõ ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö " æóåõæó Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó (ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö) ãóÇ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ãõÓúÊóÍóÞøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÈóÇØöáñ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóÍóÞøõÞö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ æóÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÚõæÞöÈó áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõáóÇÆöãðÇ áöäóÙóÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÝóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó Èöåö.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó (ãóÇ ÊõæõÚøöÏó ÈöÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö) æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏó ÈöÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóáóæú æóÑóÏó áóÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÊøõÑúßö áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÝö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö íõÚóÏøõ ßóÑúãðÇ æóÝóÖöíáóÉð áöãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÝúæö Úóäúåõ.
æóÞöíáó: åõæó (ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóÇÝõ ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö) æóíóÈúØõáõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúßõæßö Ýöí æõÌõæÈöåö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó áóíúÓóÊú ÍóÏøðÇ áöáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ Èóáú áöáúÝöÚúáö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
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(1) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÊöíßö Èúäö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö ÚóÊöíßò¡ Úóäú Úóãøöåö ÌóÇÈöÑò ÈöáóÝúÙö: " ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÈó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÈúßöíóäøó ÈóÇßöíóÉñ " æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÐößúÑõ ÇáúãóÑöíÖö¡ æóÝöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó: ãóÇ ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇáúãóæúÊõ.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ÊõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÇáäøóÌóÇÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö áöÚóÝúæò Ãóæú ÊóæúÈóÉò Ãóæú ãõÞóÇÕøóÉò ÎõáúÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ; áöÃóäøó äõÕõæÕó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÈóíøóäóÊú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúæóÚöíÏö¡ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÛúÝöÑõ Ãóäú íõÔúÑóßó Èöåö æóíóÛúÝöÑõ ãóÇ Ïõæäõ Ðóáößó áöãóäú íóÔóÇÁõ) æóÞóæúáöåö: (Þõáú íóÇ ÚöÈóÇÏöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓúÑóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú áóÇ ÊóÞúäóØõæÇ ãöäú ÑóÍúãóÉö Çááøóåö Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÛúÝöÑõ ÇáÐøõäõæÈó ÌóãöíÚðÇ) æóÞóæúáöåö: (ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ËóÞõáóÊú ãóæóÇÒöíäõåõ. . .) ÇáúÂíóÉó.(1/97)
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöãóÇ íóäúÊóåöÖõ ÊóÑúßõåõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáÐøóãøö ÔóÑúÚðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉò ãóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎöØóÇÈö ÛóíúÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ (1) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöáÐøóãøö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÅöÎúáóÇÁö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúæóÞúÊö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöÎúáóÇÁö Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚóÒúãò Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÚóäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøöÑ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöáÐøóãøö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÈóÏóáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÓóÈóÈðÇ áóåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÈóÏóáö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøó ÇáúÃóÐóÇäó æóÕóáóÇÉó ÇáúÚöíÏö ÝóÑúÖõ ßöÝóÇíóÉò æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÈóáúÏóÉò Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö¡ ÞõæÊöáõæÇ. æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÓõäøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ãöäú ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÈöãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÐøóãøö Ãóæö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÍóÞøõÞó áöáúæõÌõæÈö ãóÚó ÊóÓóÇæöí ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÑóÖö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Åöáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ æóåöíó ÓóÈúÚñ:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
åóáö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ Ãóæú åõæó åõæó¿
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ åõæó ÇáÓøóÇÞöØõ æóÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõãú: ÝóÑóÖóÊóÇ ÇáúÞóæúÓöº áöáúÍóÒøóÊóíúäö ÇááøóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÓöíóÊóíúåö ãóæúÖöÚó ÇáúæóÊóÑö¡ æóÝóÑóÖóÉõ ÇáäøóåúÑö æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÓøõÝõäö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõãú: ÝóÑóÖó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÇáäøóÝóÞóÉó¡ Ãóíú ÞóÏøóÑóåóÇ.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöäúÒóÇáö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÑóÖó Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó} Ãóíú ÃóäúÒóáó.
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóíúÏó ÇáËøóÇáöËó¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉò ãóÇ. íóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚõ æóÇáúãõÎóíøóÑõ¡ ßóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚúáöíáõåõ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÊóÑóÒõ Úóäú ÊóÑúßöåöãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ Úóäú ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÊóÑúßöåöãóÇ.(1/98)
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÍöáøö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÑóÖó Çááøóåõ áóåõ} Ãóíú ÃóÍóáøó áóåõ. (1) æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ; ÅöÐö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöãóÇ íóäúÊóåöÖõ ÊóÑúßõåõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáÐøóãøö ÔóÑúÚðÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉò ãóÇ (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö.
æóÎóÕøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÇÓúãó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈöãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó åõæó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ¡ æóÇáúãóÙúäõæäõ áóãú íõÚúáóãú ßóæúäõåõ ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ÎõÕøó ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚõ ÈöÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÙúäõæäö¡ æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó åóÐóÇ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ æóåóÐóÇ ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Èöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ØõÑõÞö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáÙøõåõæÑö æóÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö æóÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáÖøóÚúÝö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó íõÞúÊóáõ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ãöäúåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóßóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ØõÑõÞö ÇáäøóæóÇÝöáö ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÍóÞóÇÆöÞöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÇáúÞóØúÚö æóÇáÙøóäøö ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÞóÏú ÃóØúáóÞó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú ÝóÑóÖó Ýöíåöäøó ÇáúÍóÌøó} Ãóíú ÃóæúÌóÈó¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÚöÑðÇ Èöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóÃóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõ ãóÏúáõæáñ ÓöæóÇåõ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íõÄóíøöÏõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌó ÞóíúÏö ÇáúÞóØúÚö Úóäú ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÏøóì ãöäó ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝö Ýöí ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: ÃóÏøö (3) ÝóÑúÖó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÎõÕõæãõ Ýöí ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö Èöåö Ýóãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÍóßøõãö ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö åõæó ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ßóÇäó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ ÝóÊóÎúÕöíÕõ Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ¡ æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ áóÝúÙöíøóÉñ.
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ãóÚóÇäöíó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ãóÏóÇÑõåóÇ ÇáúÞóØúÚõ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÔóÃó ãöäö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÖóÇÝóÉö Ãóæú ÍóÑúÝö ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉö¡ ßóÇááøóÇãö æóÚóáóì æóãöäú¡ æóãöäú ÊóÃóãøóáó ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó æóäóÍúæóåóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ðóáößó.
(2) ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÊóÚúÑöíÝñ áöáúæõÌõæÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö¡ áóÇ áöáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ ÝóÝöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÊóÓóÇãõÍñ áóãú íóÑúÖó ãöËúáóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÊóÚóÇÑöíÝö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
(3) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÃóÏøóì.(1/99)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÚóíúäö æóæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Èóíúäó æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÚóíúäö æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ; áöÔõãõæáö ÍóÏøö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö áóåõãóÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÚóíúäö áóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö¡ æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöÓúÞóÇØö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö. ßóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÇáËøõÈõæÊõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó (1) . æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäö ÇÑúÊóÏøó æóÞóÊóáó ÝóÞóÊúáõåõ ÈöÇáÑøöÏøóÉö æóÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóíúäö íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõåõãóÇ (2) .
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ (3) ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö.
ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉö æóÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãöäúåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö.
æóÃóØúáóÞó ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíø æóÇÈúäõåõ ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ãóæú ÈöæõÌõæÈö æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÅöãøóÇ ãõÚóíøóäñ æóÅöãøóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö áöÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÌóãöíÚö áóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈö ÚöÊúÞö ÚóÈúÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áöÛóíúÑöåö: ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÕóáóÇÊóíúäö ÝóÕóáøö ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó æóÇÊúÑõßú ÃóíøóåõãóÇ ÔöÆúÊó. ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÎóíøóÑúÊõßó Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåóÇ æóÊóÑúßöåóÇ ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãöäú áõÛóÉö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò.
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(1) íóÚúäöí Þóæúáóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö. . . ÅöáóÎú.
(2) Ãóíú Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåöãóÇ æóÐóÇÊöåöãóÇ.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 299 æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Ì: 19 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.(1/100)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÑúßõåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎõÕõæãó ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÊóì ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ãóæú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõËóÇÈõ æóáóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö. (1) ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóäóæóì äöíøóÉó ÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ÚöäúÏó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãõÚóíøóäñ ÅöÐú åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáó ÇáúÅöÌúÒóÇÁõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÃóÏóÇÁö ÛóíúÑöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö.
ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó ÞóÏú ÊóßóáøóÝó ÑóÏøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Åöáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóÚúäóì ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍóÑøóãó ÊóÑúßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚö áóÇ ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö áöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÝúæöíÖö ÝöÚúáö Ãóíøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ßóÇäó Åöáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöáúÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ Úóäö ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíø æóÇÈúäöåö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÔúÚöÑóÉö ÈöÐóáößó. ÝóáúäóäúÓöÌú Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÌö Úóáóì ãöäúæóÇáöåöãú.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ÂíóÉõ ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóßóÝøóÇÑóÊõåõ ÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóÓóÇßöíäó} ¡ ÇáúÂíóÉó ÏóÇáøóÉð Úóáóì ÊóÎúíöíÑö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èóíúäó ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö¡ æóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ ÚóãøóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõ ÝóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö åõæó ÅöØúÚóÇãñ ãöäú ÍóÇäöËò Ãóæú ßõÓúæóÉñ ãöäú ÍóÇäöËò ÂÎóÑó Ãóæú ÚöÊúÞñ ãöäú ÍóÇäöËò ÂÎóÑó.
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(1) ÃóãøóÇ ÚöÞóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ Ðóáößó¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ. æóÃóãøóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ËóæóÇÈöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (Ýóãóäú íóÚúãóáú ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò ÎóíúÑðÇ íóÑóåõ) æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÕöÏúÞöåö Ýöí æóÚúÏöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚöåóÇ ËóæóÇÈó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.(1/101)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÊóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáúÅöØúÚóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö æóÇáúßõÓúæóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö æóÇáúÚöÊúÞö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÝøóÇÑóÊõåõ ÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóÓóÇßöíäó áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ Ãóæö ÇáúßõÓúæóÉõ áöÈóÚúÖò ÂÎóÑó¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÚöÊúÞõ áöÈóÚúÖò ÂÎóÑó. ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ãóÏúáõæáöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏó ÚóÔóÑó æóÌúåðÇ:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöÕóÇáó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóæöíóÉð ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ Ãóæú ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉñ ÈöÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Èóíúäó Çáúßõáøö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ åõæó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÈöÚóíúäöåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÈöÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö¡ æóÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúãõÚóíøóäö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÈúåóãö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÔóÎúÕóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÈöÝöÚúáö ÃóÍóÏö ÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ÊóÚóáøõÞõåõ ÈöÇáúßõáøö Ãóæú ÈöÈóÚúÖò ãöäúåõ ãõÚóíøóäò.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈó ØóáóÈñ¡ æóÇáØøóáóÈõ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ãóØúáõæÈðÇ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ áöãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ÞóÈúáõ¡ æóÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ ÅöãøóÇ Çáúßõáøõ Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÝóÚóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõËóÇÈõ ËóæóÇÈó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ ÝóÓóÈóÈõåõ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúãõßóáøóÝö ãõÚóíøóäðÇ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ãõÚóíøóäö¡ æóÇáúãõÈúåóãõ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÝóáóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖò ãõÚóíøóäò ãöäúåóÇ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ ÚöÞóÇÈó ãóäú ÊóÑóßó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó æóÇÌöÈñ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖñ ãöäúåõ ãõÚóíøóäñ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãöäó ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ; áóßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÛóíúÑó æóÇÌöÈò¡ æóÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò ãõÍóÇáñ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑóÝúÚö ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.(1/102)
ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÓúÞõØó ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÈöãóÌúãõæÚöåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ãóæö ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÇáúßõáøõ æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÝóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ.
ÇáËøóÇãöäõ¡ æóíóÎõÕøõ ÅöíÌóÇÈó ÇáúÌóãöíÚö: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóäóÕóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÏóáöíáðÇ æóáóãú íóßöáúåõ Åöáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áöÚóÏóãö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ¡ ßóãóÇ (1) Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö. ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÚóíøóäú Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çáúßõáøó æóÇÌöÈñ.
ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ ÝóÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÚúáóãõ ãóÇ ÓóíõÚóíøöäõåõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÚóíøöäö æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ áóíúÓó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó æóÇÌöÈñ.
ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÝóßóÝøóÑó ËóáóÇËóÉñ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö¡ ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ßóÝøóÑó Èöåö ÇáúÂÎóÑõ áóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö åõæó ÇáúãõßóÝøöÑõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó¡ æóÍóíúËõ æóÞóÚó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãóæúÞöÚó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ßóÇäó ÇáúÌóãöíÚõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
ÇáúÍóÇÏöí ÚóÔóÑó: Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈó ÞóÏú íóÚõãøõ ÚóÏóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÚóÈøöÏöíäó æóíóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú ßóÝóÑúÖö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÚõãøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ÚóÏóÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÝöÚúáö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ áóÇ äóÝúÓõ ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Íóãúáó ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ãöãøóÇ íõÍúæöÌõ Åöáóì ÅöÖúãóÇÑóÇÊò ßóËöíÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÞóÏøóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: ÝóßóÝøóÇÑóÊõåõ ÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóÓóÇßöíäó áöÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßõÓúæóÉö æóÇáúÚöÊúÞö¡ æóåõæó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ áöÞóÇáó: ÝóßóÝøóÇÑóÊõåõ ÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóÓóÇßöíäó æóßõÓúæóÊõåõãú æóÊóÍúÑöíÑõ ÑóÞóÈóÉò ; áöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ÇáËøóáóÇËö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÇäöËöíäó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó.
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(1) ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: (áóäóÕóÈó) Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÚõØöÝó Úóáóíúåö.(1/103)
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò. (1) ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÚóÞúÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóíúäö ÇáÕøóÇáöÍóíúäö¡ æóÊóÒúæöíÌö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÇáØøóÇáöÈóÉö áöáäøößóÇÍö ãöäú ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúßõÝõÄóíúäö ÇáúÎóÇØöÈóíúäö¡ æóÝöí ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÚöÊúÞö ÚóÈúÏò ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö æóåõæó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÔóÎúÕóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Úóáóì ÇÑúÊöÈóÇØöåö ÈöÇáÐøóãøö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö¡ æóÐóãøõ ÃóÍóÏö ÔóÎúÕóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÐøóãøö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÝöÚúáóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö íóßõæäõ ÇäúÏöÝóÇÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑö: Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõßóÝøöÑöíäó ÎóÕúáóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ÇáËøóáóÇËö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóì ÈöãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö (2) æóÓóÞóØó Èöåö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö ÎóÕúáóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ áöíóáúÒóãó ãóÇ Þöíáó.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóãúäóÚõ ÓõÞõæØó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ïõæäó ÃóÏóÇÆöåö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÎöÕóÇáõ ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ßõáøõåóÇ æóÇÌöÈóÉð ßóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ Úóáóì ÃóÚúÏóÇÏö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó Ýöí ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÊóÃúËöíãö Çáúßõáøö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö. (3) æóÚóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö áóæú ÞóÇáó áöÒóæúÌóÊóíúåö: ÅöÍúÏóÇßõãóÇ ØóÇáöÞñ¡ ÝóÇáúãõØóáøóÞóÉõ ãöäúåõãóÇ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú æóÌóÈó ÇáúßóÝøõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö Åöáóì ÇáúãõØóáøöÞö ßóãóÇ áóæú Þöíáó Ýöí ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÝóÑúÞò¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõ ÇáúÍöÌóÇÌö ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÑöÚóÇíóÉó ãóÕóÇáöÍö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö Ýöí ÔóÑúÚö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöãøóÇ æóÌóÈó áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö áöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäú Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáøóÐöí ßóÊóÈóåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÑóÍúãóÉð ãöäúåõ ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ Åöáóíúåöãú. ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 48 - 61 Ì: 20 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.
(2) Ãóíú: ÃóÊóì ÈöÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö áöÎóÕúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáËøóáóÇËö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çáúßõáøöíøó íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÌõÒúÆöíøò ãöäú ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊöåö.
(3) ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÑúßöåö ÇáúÌóãöíÚó ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.(1/104)
[ÇáæóÇÌöÈñ ÇáãõæóÓøóÚ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÞúÊõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÝóÇÖöáðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö ãóËóáðÇ.
ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ßóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäöåö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ: Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈñ ãõæóÓøóÚñ¡ æóÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÞúÊñ áöÃóÏóÇÁö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöíåö¡ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Èöåö æóÍõÕõæáö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóåóáú áöáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóæóÓóØöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÈóÏóáñ¿
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöíåö: ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ æóÇÈúäõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÚóÒúãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ßóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: æóÞúÊõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö åõæó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÝöÚúáõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ÞóÖóÇÁð.
æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó: æóÞúÊõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö åõæó ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó:
Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: åõæó äóÝúáñ íóÓúÞõØõ Èöåö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ßóÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö: Åöäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÈöäóÚúÊö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóäóÝúáñ.
æóÍõßöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ãóíøö æóÞúÊò ßóÇäó.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö Åöáóì ÛóÓóÞö Çááøóíúáö} ÚóÇãøñ áöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÊóØúÈöíÞó Ãóæøóáö ÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÂÎöÑöåö Úóáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò ãöäú ÃóæúÞóÇÊöåö ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÎúáõæó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäúåõ Úóäú ÕóáóÇÉò ; ÅöÐú åõæó (1) ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäúåõ áöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöæõÞõæÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöíåö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áöáøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÌõÒúÁò ãöäúåõ ÕóÇáöÍñ áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöíåö¡ æóíóßõæäõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ Ýöí ÅöíÞóÇÚö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ãóíøö ÌõÒúÁò ÔóÇÁó ãöäúåõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞöÓúãò ÂÎóÑó æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
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(1) Ãóíö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö.(1/105)
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö åóÐóÇ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÅöÌúÒóÇÁö Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈöÃóÏóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí Ãóíøö æóÞúÊò ÞõÏøöÑó ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÍõÕõæáö ãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ãöäó Çáúßõáøö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò ÞóÇÆöãñ ãóÞóÇãóåõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ýóíóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÍóÕøöáðÇ áöãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÅöãøóÇ ÝóæóÇÊõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö æóÞúÊö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ áößóæúäöåóÇ ãõÝóæøöÊóÉð áöãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ æõÌõæÈõ ÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÈóÞóÇÁö ãóÞúÕõæÏöåóÇ ÇáúãõæÌöÈö áóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖö ãóØúáõæÈößõãú¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö Ãóæú æóÓóØöåö áóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÊóÑúßõåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ; ÅöÐú åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö áöÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì áõÍõæÞö ÇáúÅöËúãö ÈöÊóÑúßöåö Ýöíåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÝöÚúáöåö ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ýöíåö äóÏúÈñ áößóæúäöåö ãõËóÇÈðÇ ãóÚó ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÑúßöåö¡ æóíóÓúÞõØõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ Èöåö Ýöí ÂÎöÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÓõÞõæØõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖö Úóäö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÈöÝöÚúáö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÑúÖò ßóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÇáúãõÚóÌøóáóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍóæúáö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöäóÝúáò¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÊóÚúíöíäö æóÞúÊö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöáúæõÌõæÈö æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÞóÖóÇÁñ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÍõßúãõ Èößóæúäöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÈóÞóÇÆöåö ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ßóãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈ Úóäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúãõÖóíøóÞö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚõ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ÌóæóÇÒõ ÊóÑúßö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö¡ æóÍóÇÕöáõåõ ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÅöíÞóÇÚõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ãóíøö æóÞúÊò ÔóÇÁó ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö¡ æóÇáÊøóÚúíöíäõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÚóÒúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó äóÝúáðÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÞóØó Èöåö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ ÇáúãõÚóÌøóáóÉõ æóÇÌöÈóÉñ(1/106)
ãõÄóÌøóáóÉñ ÈóÚúÏó (1) ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÓóÈóÈöåóÇ æóåõæó ãöáúßõ ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÇÝöáóÉñ¡ æóáóßóÇäó (2) íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú ÊóÕöÍøó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÈöäöíøóÉö ÇáäøóÝúáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó (3) : áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÒúãõ ÈóÏóáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóãóÇ æóÌóÈó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÈúÏóáö ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÈúÏóÇáö ãóÚó ãõÈúÏóáóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãóäú ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãóÚó ÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÒúãö íóßõæäõ ÚóÇÕöíðÇ áößóæúäöåö ÊóÇÑößðÇ áöáúÃóÕúáö æóÈóÏóáöåö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáúæóÇÑöÏó ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÊóÚóÑøõÖñ áöáúÚóÒúãö¡ ÝóÅöíÌóÇÈõåõ íóßõæäõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉð Úóáóì ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö. Ëõãøó ÌóÚúáõ ÇáúÚóÒúãö ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇá ÇáúÞõáõæÈ ÈóÚöíÏñ ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÚóåúÏó áóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÌóÚúáö ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö ÃóÈúÏóÇáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÌóÚúáö ÕöÝóÉó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãõÈúÏóáðÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóãú íóßõäú ÈóÏóáðÇ Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Èóáú Úóäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ÈóÏóáðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÎóíøóÑñ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑóíúäö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÔúÑõæØò ÈöÇáúÚóÌúÒö Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóíóãøõãö æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÚúÕö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÛóÇÝöáðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúÛóÇÝöáö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÚóÑøöÖðÇ áöáúÚóÒúãö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÌóÚúáöåö ÈóÏóáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÏóÇÑößö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ Çáúßõáøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÚóÒúãö ÈóÏóáðÇ Úóäú ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøò áöáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ Ëõãøó ßóíúÝó íõÓúÊóÈúÚóÏõ Ðóáößó æóÇáúÝöÏúíóÉõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÚöäúÏó ÎóæúÝöåóÇ Úóáóì ÌóäöíäöåóÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÑúÖöÚõ Úóáóì æóáóÏöåóÇ ÈóÏóáñ Úóäú ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÕöÝóÉõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö. æóßóÐóáößó ÇáäøóÏóãõ ÊóæúÈóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáö ÇáúÞõáõæÈö. æóÞóÏú ÌõÚöáó ÈóÏóáðÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÝóÑóØó ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ (4) Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÊóÚúíöíäö æóÞúÊö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö: Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÃóäøóÇ äóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÓõÞõæØó ÇáúÝóÑúÖö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö Ýóåõæó ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóáóÇ ãõäóÇÝóÇÉó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡
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(1) ÇáÙøóÑúÝõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: æóÇÌöÈóÉñ¡ áóÇ ÈöãõÄóÌøóáóÉò.
(2) ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: áóãóÇ ÓóÞóØó Èöåö ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ.
(3) ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖñ Úóáóì ÝöÞúÑóÉò ãöäú ÝöÞúÑóÇÊö ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: Ãóæú ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÚóÒúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ ãõßóæøóäñ ãöäú ÎóãúÓö ÝöÞúÑóÇÊò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøõ Úóäú ßõáøò ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö.
(4) ÑõÌõæÚñ Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö Úóäú ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÝöÞúÑóÇÊö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚóÉö áöÞóæúáöåö: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ. . ÅöáóÎú.(1/107)
æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö ÃóäøóÇ äóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóãú íóßõäú æóÞúÊðÇ áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÏøóì Ýöíåö ÇáúÝöÚúáó áóãú íóÞóÚö ÇáúãóæúÞöÚó¡ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÕúæöíÑöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÊóÚóíøõäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöáúæõÌõæÈö æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ áöáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÝöíãóÇ (1) ÓóÈóÞó. (2) ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ íõÝúÚóáõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö áóíúÓó ÈöÞóÖóÇÁò æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÈöäöíøóÉö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö (3) Ãóäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóãóÇÊó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÆöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÏøóì ÝóÑúÖó Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóËúÈóÊó ËóæóÇÈó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÚóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö áóæú ÃóÎøóÑó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÚóÒúãö æóãóÇÊó áóãú íóáúÞó Çááøóåó ÚóÇÕöíðÇ ; äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóáóÝö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóíúÓó íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ãóÚúäóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÑúßõåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáú ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÚóÒúãö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÓóáóÇãóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉö áößóæúäöåóÇ (4) ãõäúØóæöíóÉð Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÇáö: ÅöãøóÇ ÇáúÈóÚúÖöíøóÉõ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöäóÝúíöåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó (5) ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝö Úóáóì ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÚóÇÞöÈóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ÝóÝóÚóáóåõ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö Ãóæøóáó ãóÑøóÉò íõÓóãøóì ÃóÏóÇÁð¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåõ Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú áóÇ Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö¡ æóÅöäú ÝóÚóáó Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáóáö áöÚõÐúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÚóáó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãóÑøóÉð ËóÇäöíóÉð Óõãøöíó ÅöÚóÇÏóÉð æóÅöäú áóãú íóÝúÚóáú Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö ÚõÐúÑò¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÚóáó ÈóÚúÏó ÎõÑõæÌö æóÞúÊöåö Óõãøöíó ÞóÖóÇÁð. (6)
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÝóÈöãóÇ¡ ÈöÇáúÈóÇÁö ÇáúãõæóÍøóÏóÉö.
(2) ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: ÂÎöÑõ ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áöáøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö.
(3) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÞúÝö. áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóæóÇÈñ Úóäú ÂÎöÑö ÝöÞúÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÝóäúÞóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: Ãóæö ÇáúÍõßúãõ áößóæúäöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÈóÞóÇÆöåö ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáúãõßáøóÝöíäó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúãõÊóÖóãøöäö áöáúæõÞõæÝö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÝúíö ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÈóíøóäó ÍóÇáõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÂÎöÑó ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
(4) ÚöáøóÉñ áöÞóæúáöåö: æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ.
(5) ÚöáøóÉñ áöÞóæúáöåö: æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó.
(6) ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.(1/108)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó áóæú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Ãóäøóåõ íóãõæÊõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåõ åá íßæä ÚÇÕíÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó Çáúßõáøõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó áóæú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö Ãóäøóåõ íóãõæÊõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÝóÃóÎøóÑóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúÕöí æóÅöäú áóãú íóãõÊú¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö: åóáú íóßõæäõ ÞóÖóÇÁð Ãóæú ÃóÏóÇÁð¿ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Åöáóì ßóæúäöåö ÞóÖóÇÁð¡ æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÞúÊó ÕóÇÑó ãõÞóÏøóÑðÇ ãõÖóíøóÞðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÚöíÔõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäúåõ¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÚóÕóì ÈöÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÎóÇÑöÌó æóÞúÊöåö ÝóßóÇäó ÞóÖóÇÁð ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊóÉö Ýöí ÃóæúÞóÇÊöåóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑóÉö ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏóÉö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÛóÇíóÉõ Ùóäøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó ÈöÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö Úóäö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáøóÐöí Ùóäøó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ Ýöíåö Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÊóÖúíöíÞõ ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÈóÞöíó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåõ áöáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöíåö ÞóÖóÇÁð¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÞúÊðÇ áöáúÃóÏóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÌóÚúáö Ùóäøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöÕúíóÇäö ÈöÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚöÕúíóÇäö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÈöÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Úóäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÚóÒúãò Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÞóÖóÇÁð¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáöÇÊøöÌóÇåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÝúÚóáú Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö æóÝõÚöáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ íóßõæäõ ÞóÖóÇÁð]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÝúÚóáú Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑö æóÝõÚöáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÞóÖóÇÁð¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÑóßóåõ Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ÚóãúÏðÇ Ãóæú ÓóåúæðÇ. (1) æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú æóáóãú íóäúÚóÞöÏú ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö ÇáúãõÞóÏøóÑóÉö ÝóÝöÚúáõåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞóÖóÇÁð áóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóáóÇ ãóÌóÇÒðÇ¡ ßóÝóæóÇÆöÊö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúÌõäõæäö.
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(1) ÎóÇáóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ãóÔúÑõæÚöíøóÉö ÝöÚúáöåö ÈóÚúÏó æóÞúÊöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎøóÑóåõ ÚóãúÏðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÊóÓúãöíóÊöåö ÞóÖóÇÁð Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑö áöÚõÐúÑò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ æóÇáúÎóØúÈõ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí Óóåúáñ ; áößóæúäöåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö.(1/109)
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö æóáóãú íóÌöÈú áöãóÇäöÚò¡ Ãóæú áöÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØò ãöäú ÎóÇÑöÌò¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí æóÞúÊöåö ßóÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÑöíÖö æóÇáúãõÓóÇÝöÑö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ÞóÇÏöÑò Úóáóíúåö: ÅöãøóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ßóÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãöº Ãóäøóåõ åóáú íõÓóãøóì ÞóÖóÇÁð ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ãóæú ãóÌóÇÒðÇ.
ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ãóÇáó Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÝóæóÇÊö ãóÇ æóÌóÈó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßðÇ áöãóÕúáóÍóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ æóæõÌõæÈõåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÃóãúÑò ÊóÌóÏøóÏó áóÇ ÇÑúÊöÈóÇØó áóåõ ÈöÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ãóÇáó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóÇÁñ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö æóáóãú íóÌöÈú áöáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö¡ æóÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóÑóßóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßö ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö áóÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßó ãóÕúáóÍóÉö ãóÇ æóÌóÈó¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú äóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóäö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö åóáú íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉ
ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö åóáú íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö¿ (1) ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÎóæúÖö Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÌö ãöäú ÊóáúÎöíÕö ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö.
ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÈõåõ ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö (2) ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ Èöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ: (ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó Åöäú ßõäúÊó ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ) (3) ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí Ãóäøó ÊóÍúÕöíáó ÇáÔøóÑúØö áóíúÓó æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ.
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(1) ÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì Õ: 159¡ 167 Ì: 20 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.
(2) åóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞöÓúãö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÝöíãóÇ ËóÈóÊó æõÌõæÈõåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÅöíÞóÇÚõåõ Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò¡ ßóÈóÚúÖö ÃóãúËöáóÉö ãóÇ ÌóÚóáóåõ ÞöÓúãðÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÍúÊóÇÌõ áöÊóáúÎöíÕö ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
(3) áóæú ãóËøóáó ÈöÃóãúËöáóÉò æóÇÞöÚöíøóÉò ãöËúáó: (æóÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÇáúÃóØúÝóÇáõ ãöäúßõãõ ÇáúÍõáõãó ÝóáúíóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõæÇ) ÇáúÂíóÉó. áóßóÇäó ÃóäúÓóÈó æóÃóäúÝóÚó.(1/110)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÈõåõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÔúÑõæØö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ Èóáú ãóÔúÑõæØõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ÝóÐóáößó åõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúãõßóáøóÝö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú æóÌóÈóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÊóÚóÐøóÑó æõÞõæÚõåóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ Ãóæú æóÌóÈó ÛóÓúáõ ÇáúæóÌúåö æóáóãú íóßõäú (1) ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÛóÓúáö ÌõÒúÁò ãöäó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúãõßóáøóÝö ÝóáóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõ ÊóßúáöíÝó ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÍõÖõæÑö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÍõÕõæáö ÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò áöÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó. (2) æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóáóÎøóÕó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö (æóåõæó ãóÞúÏõæÑñ áöáúãõßóáøóÝö) Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó.
ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÊóÍúÕöíáó ÇáÔøóÑúØö æóÇÌöÈñ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóÌöÈú Èóáú ßóÇäó ÊóÑúßõåõ ãõÈóÇÍðÇ áóßóÇäó ÇáúÂãöÑõ ßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áöáúãóÃúãõæÑö: áóßó ãõÈóÇÍñ ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÃúÊöíó ÈöÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ æóÃõæÌöÈõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ. æóåóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúØö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÏóãóåõ ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò ãöäú ÅöÈóÇÍóÊöåö¡ Èóáú ÍóÇáóÉõ ÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÈö ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ æóÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Ëõãøó íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøóÑúØö ãõÍóÇáðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ æõÌõæÈõåõ ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÔóÑúØò ÝóÇáÔøóÑúØõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈó ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó æóáóÇ ÌóæóÇÈó Úóäúåõ.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ¡ æóÊóÍúÕöíáõåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÊóÚóÇØöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõãúßöäóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó: íóÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖðÇ. æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ æóÚöÑóÉñ¡ æóÇáØøõÑõÞõ ÖóíøöÞóÉñ¡ ÝóáúíõÞúäóÚú ÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÖöíÞö.
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: íõãúßöäú.
(2) Ýöí ÇáúãöËóÇáóíúäö äóÙóÑñ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúãõÚóíøóäõ æóÍõÖõæÑõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈöåóÇ æóÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ¡ ßóÏõÎõæáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ æóÇÌöÈó ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÍóÊøóì íõÈúÍóËó ÚóãøóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö.(1/111)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáÔøóÑúØö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ; ÅöÐú áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÕøö äóÓúÎñ¡ æóäóÓúÎõ ãóÏúáõæáö ÇáäøóÕøö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÕøò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ äóÕøñ. Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóßóÇäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ. æóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÛóÓúáõåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö æóÅöãúÓóÇßõåõ ãöäó Çááøóíúáö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãõËóÇÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö æóãõÚóÇÞóÈðÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö. æóÇáËøóæóÇÈõ æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Úóáóì ÛóÓúáö ÇáúæóÌúåö æóÊóÑúßöåö¡ æóÚóáóì Õóæúãö Çáúíóæúãö æóÊóÑúßöåö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ãóÓúÍö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÑøóÃúÓö æóÅöãúÓóÇßö ÔóíúÁò ãöäó Çááøóíúáö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÊõÕõæøöÑó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäõ ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö Ïõæäó ÔóÑúØöåö ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÓúÎó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÇ Þöíáó ÈöæõÌõæÈöåö ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ æõÌõæÈõåõ æóæõÌõæÈõåõ ÈóÇÞò ÈöÍóÇáöåö. (1) æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÌöÈò áóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ ÈöÞóÏúÑò ãóÍúÏõæÏò¡ ÝóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÃóÞóáøö ãóÇ íóäúØóáöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÓúãõ åóáú ÊõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö áößóæúäö äöÓúÈóÉö Çáúßõáøö Åöáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö äöÓúÈóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ Ãóæö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ íóäúØóáöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÓúãõ æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ äóÏúÈñ. Ýóãóäú ÐóåóÈó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÞóÇáó: ßõáøõ ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Èöåö ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ íóäúØóáöÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáöÇÓúãõ ; ÅöÐú åõæó ãõßúÊóÝò Èöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö áóæúãò Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóÏóáò¡ æóåõæó ãõÞóÏøóÑñ.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÈöãóäúÚö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ. (2) æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÇÌöÒö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö Ïõæäó ÇáÔøóÑúØö áóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÏöÑö.
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(1) ÇáúãóäúÚõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáËøóæóÇÈö ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõËóÇÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÚóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöåóÇ.
(2) æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ æóÌóÈó Èöåö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÕøö ËóÈóÊó Èöåö æõÌõæÈõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöíÞóÇÚõ ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇááøõÒõæãö¡ ÝóáóÇ äóÓúÎó ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáÒøóãóäöíøö.(1/112)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃóæúáóì åá íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÃóÍóÏó ÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóËõÑóÊú ÂÝóÇÊõåõ¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: áóÈóäñ ãóÍúÙõæÑñ¡ Ãóíú ßóËöíÑõ ÇáúÂÝóÉö.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÚö æóÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõãú: ÍóÙóÑúÊõ Úóáóíúåö ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóíú ãóäóÚúÊõåõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóãöäúåõ ÇáúÍóÙöíÑóÉõ áöáúÈõÞúÚóÉö ÇáúãõäúÞóØöÚóÉö ÊóÃúÊöí ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúãóæóÇÔöí.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöíåö ÖöÏøõ ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ãöäó ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ÇáúãõÒóíøóÝóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ÐößúÑõåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöíåö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóÇ íóäúÊóåöÖõ ÝöÚúáõåõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáÐøóãøö ÔóÑúÚðÇ ÈöæóÌúåò ãóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÝöÚúáñ áóåõ.
ÝóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÇÕöáñ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÇÕöáñ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö. (1) æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóÇÕöáñ áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÝöÚúáõåõ ÊóÑúßó æóÇÌöÈò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÐóãøõ Úóáóíúåö áóßöäú áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÝöÚúáöåö Èóáú áöãóÇ áóÒöãóåõ ãöäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúÍóÙúÑö (2) Ýóåõæó ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöáÐøóãøö ÔóÑúÚðÇ ÈöæóÌúåò ãóÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÝöÚúáõåõ¡ æóãöäú ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÍóÑøóãñ æóãóÚúÕöíóÉñ æóÐóäúÈñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ãóÇ íõÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ æóåöíó ËóáóÇËõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó.
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: ÈöæóÌúåö ãóÇ ÏóÎóáó Èöåö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑõ¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÇÕöáò áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÍúÙõæÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó äóÙöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.
(2) áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÝóÇáúÍóÙúÑõ åõæó ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö. ÅöáóÎú¡ ÊóÝúÑöíÚðÇ Úóáóì ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö áöáúãóÍúÙõæÑö áóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì.(1/113)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃóæúáóì
íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÃóÍóÏó ÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÚöäúÏóäóǺ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú æõÑõæÏö Çáäøóåúíö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: áóÇ Êõßóáøöãú ÒóíúÏðÇ Ãóæú ÚóãúÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÍóÑøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ßóáóÇãó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ æóáóÓúÊõ ÃõÍóÑøöãõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÌóãöíÚó æóáóÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö. ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÑõæÏõ (1) ßóÇäó ãóÚúÞõæáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõãúÊóäöÚò. (2) æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ãóÌúãõæÚó ßóáóÇãóíúåöãóÇ æóáóÇ ßóáóÇãó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö ; áöÊóÕúÑöíÍöåö ÈöäóÞöíÖöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö.
æóãóäúåóÌõ ÇáúÎóÕúãö Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö æóãóäúåóÌõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ ÝóßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõåõ¡ æóáóßöäú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ÊóÔóÈøóËó ÇáúÎõÕõæãõ åóÇåõäóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÍóÑúÝó (Ãóæú) ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí Çáäøóåúíö¡ ÇÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÌóãúÚó Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö.
æóÏóáöíáõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊõØöÚú ãöäúåõãú ÂËöãðÇ Ãóæú ßóÝõæÑðÇ} ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ áóÇ Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ.
æóÌóæóÇÈõåõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ æóÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö áóÇ ÈöÚóíúäöåö (3) ¡ æóÇáúÌóãúÚõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö åóÇåõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó ÌóãúÚðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÂíóÉö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö. (4)
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(1) Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: áóæú æóÑóÏó.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÝóÑúÖò æóÊóÞúÏöíÑò¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóÙøóÑúÊóåõ ãóÚó ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö ÃóÌúäóÈöíøóÉò ÈöãõÍóÑøóãò æóäóÍúæöåóÇ¡ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóßó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ Óóáöíãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáõ Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö.
(3) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì áóÇ ÊõØöÚú ßõáøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÑúÊóßöÈðÇ áöáúÅöËúãö Ãóæö ÇáúßõÝúÑö Ýöí ÅöËúãöåö Ãóæú ßõÝúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÚúáöíÞó Çáäøóåúíö Èößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúæóÕúÝóíúäö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÚöáøóÉñ ãõÓúÊóÞöáøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ ãõæÌöÈóÉõ ÇáúÍóÐóÑö ãöäú ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóæóÇÁö ÝóáóíúÓóÊú (Ãóæú) áöáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ Èóáú áöáÊøóäúæöíÚö¡ Ãóíú: áöÈóíóÇäö äóæúÚóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúÑóÇãö¡ ßõáøñ ãöäúåõãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóÐóÑó ãöãøóäö ÇÑúÊóßóÈóåõ¡ æóÊóÍúÑöíãó ØóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöíåö.
(4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó Úóäúåõ.(1/114)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÙúÑö æóÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí ÝöÚúáò æóÇÍöÏò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍóÙúÑö æóÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí ÝöÚúáò æóÇÍöÏò (1) ãöäú ÌöåóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ; áöÊóÞóÇÈõáö ÍóÏøóíúåöãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇáö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ åóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÇäúÞöÓóÇãõ ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Åöáóì æóÇÌöÈò æóÍóÑóÇãò ßóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöáÕøóäóãö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÈöÇáÔøóÎúÕö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÊóíúäö ßóæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÚóíøóäö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÕóáóÇÉñ¡ æóÊóÍúÑöíãõåõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÛóÕúÈñ ÔóÇÛöáñ áöãöáúßö ÇáúÛóíúÑö.
ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáÓøõÌõæÏõ äóæúÚñ æóÇÍöÏñ æóåõæó ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ æóáóÇ ãóäúåöíøðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÕøóäóãö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÓõÌõæÏñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ãóäúåöíøðÇ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ Çáúãóäúåöíøõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáÕøóäóãö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö.
æóÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ æóÇÈúäõåõ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóåúáõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóÇáÒøóíúÏöíøóÉõ.
æóÞöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉñ Úóäú ãóÇáößò¡ æóÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÌöÈóÉò æóáóÇ ÕóÍöíÍóÉò¡ æóáóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ æóáóÇ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ. æóæóÇÝóÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóÓúÞõØõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖõ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ áóÇ ÈöåóÇ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúæõÌõæÈó æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö áóÇ ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóáøöí Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö ÃóÝúÚóÇáñ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøóÉñ ãõÍóÑøóãóÉñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇÕò ÈöåóÇ ãóÃúËõæãñ ÈöÝöÚúáöåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇ ÕóÏóÑó Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ØóÇÚóÉð æóáóÇ (2) ãõËóÇÈðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãõÊóÞóÑøöÈðÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÈóÍúËó ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö Ýöí ÝöÚúáò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÌöåóÊóíúåö Ýöí Õ 290 Åöáóì 309 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì Ì29.
(2) ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÍóÐúÝõ ßóáöãóÉö: æóáóÇ.(1/115)
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóáöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÛóÇíõÑö ÈöÇáÔøóÎúÕöíøóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáÓøõÌõæÏö áöáÕøóäóãö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏóíúäö ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ.
æóãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáÓøõÌõæÏó ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ßóÐóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ Èóáö ÇáÓøõÌõæÏõ ÇáúãõÞóíøóÏõ ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ïõæäó ãóÇ ÞõÕöÏó Èöåö ÊóÚúÙöíãõ ÇáÕøóäóãö ; æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáÔøóãúÓö æóáóÇ áöáúÞóãóÑö æóÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáøóåö} æóáóæú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ áóßóÇäó Úóíúäõ ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóãóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ ÝóáöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÊóÛóÇíõÑö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÌöåóÊóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÕúÈö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÛóÇíõÑó Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóíúÆóíúäö ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ ÈöÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÊóÇÑóÉð ßóÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö¡ æóÈöÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÊóÇÑóÉð ßóÒóíúÏò æóÚóãúÑòæ. ÝóÞóÏú íóÞóÚõ ÇáÊøóÛóÇíõÑõ ãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö ÔóÎúÕöíøðÇ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÕöÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÍõßúãóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÇÈöáóíúäö åõæó ÇáúåóíúÆóÉõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÐóÇÊöåö æóÅöÍúÏóì ÕöÝóÊóíúåö¡ æóÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈöÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöíøóÉö æóÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì (1) ßóÇáúÍõßúãö Úóáóì ÒóíúÏò Èößóæúäöåö ãóÐúãõæãðÇ áöÝöÓúÞöåö æóãóÔúßõæÑðÇ áößóÑóãöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáÊøóÞóÇÈõáõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÍõßúãóíúäö æóÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäúåõãóÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åöäö ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö ãõÊøóÍöÏñ æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö ÐóÇÊõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÝöÚúáñ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÛóÕúÈðÇ. ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÕóáóÇÉð ÖóÑõæÑóÉó (2) ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó. (3) ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áóåõ. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÇáúÎóÕúãõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ Þöíáó ÈöÅöÍóÇáóÊöåö Ãóæú ÈöÌóæóÇÒöåö. æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: æóÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúÂÎóÑö åõæó ÇáúåóíúÆóÉõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöíøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÐøóÇÊö æóÇáÕøöÝóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì.
(2) ÚöáøóÉñ áöÚóÏóãö ÇááøõÒõæãö.
(3) ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÛóÇíõÑó ÈöÇáÕøöÝóÉö ßóÇáÊøóÛóÇíõÑö ÈöÇáäøóæúÚö æóÇáÔøóÎúÕö.(1/116)
ãõÊóáóÇÒöãóíúäö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóáóÇÒöãóíúäö¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÛóÕúÈó æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÅöäö ÇäúÝóßøó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ ÝóåõãóÇ ãõÊóáóÇÒöãóÇäö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö. Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ. æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÓøóßóäóÇÊö ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊõ æóÇáÓøóßóäóÇÊõ ÊóÔúÛóáõ ÇáúÍóíøöÒó ; ÅöÐö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÔóÛúáö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö áöáúÍóíøöÒö ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÇáÓøõßõæäõ ÔóÛúáõ ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö áöáúÍóíøöÒö ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú ÒóãóÇäò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÔóÛúáõ ÇáúÍóíøöÒö ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö æóÇáÓøõßõæäö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóíúäö Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; áöÃóäøó ÌõÒúÁó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÌõÒúÁñ¡ æóÔóÛúáõ ÇáúÍóíøöÒö ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÌõÒúÁõåõÇ ÍóÑóÇãñ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð ; áöÃóäøó æõÌõæÈóåóÇ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÓúÊóáúÒöãó ÅöíÌóÇÈó ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ. æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåóÇ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÈóÚúÖó ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóÇ äóÝúÓó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ; áöÃóäøó ãóÝúåõæãó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áöãóÝúåõæãö Çáúßõáøö æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóíøöÏõ áöÚóÈúÏöåö: ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÎöíóÇØóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáËøóæúÈö æóÍóÑøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáÓøóßóäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÃóËóÈúÊõßó æóÅöäú ÝóÚóáúÊó åóÐóÇ ÚóÇÞóÈúÊõßó. ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Óóßóäó ÇáÏøóÇÑó æóÎóÇØó ÇáËøóæúÈó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝóÚóáó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó¡ æóíóÍúÓõäõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóíøöÏö ËóæóÇÈõåõ áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÚöÞóÇÈõåõ áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ. æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãö Ýóåõæó ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóÇÑöÏñ åóÇåõäóÇ ; æóÐóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Åöäú ßóÇäó åõæó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÇáúÍõÑúãóÉö Ýóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÝõÑöÖó ãöäó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÛóÇíóÑóÇ ÝóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉö ãõÊóáóÇÒöãóÇäö¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÇäúÝößóÇßõåõãóÇ ÍóÓúÈóãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö. ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóÇ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ áöãóÇ Þöíáó. æóÞóÏú Þöíáó ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö. Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÏóÝóÚó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÔóÛúáó ÇáúÍóíøöÒö ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóÉö Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÎöíóÇØóÉö¡ æóÔóÛúáõ ÇáúÍóíøöÒö(1/117)
ÈöÇáÓøóßóäö ãõÍóÑøóãñ Úóáóì ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÝóÑúÞò¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ. ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÓóáóÝö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÝøö Úóäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáÙøóáóãóÉö ÈöÞóÖóÇÁö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄóÏøóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøõæÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö æõÞõæÚö Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ÕóÍöíÍóÉð ãóÚó æõÌõæÈöåóÇ Úóáóíúåöãú áóÈóÞöíó ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ãõÓúÊóãöÑøðÇ æóÇãúÊóäóÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ æóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò ÍóíúËõ ÇÚúÊóÑóÝõæÇ ÈöÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóÚóÏóãö ÓõÞõæØöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÖó íóÓúÞõØõ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ áóÇ ÈöåóÇ ÌóãúÚðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóßöíÑö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÈóíúäó ãóÇ Ùóäøóåõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ ÅöÈúØóÇáó ãõÓúÊóäóÏöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ åá ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó ÈöæóÕúÝöåö ãõÖóÇÏøñ áöæõÌõæÈö ÃóÕúáöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ (1) ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó ÈöæóÕúÝöåö ãõÖóÇÏøñ áöæõÌõæÈö ÃóÕúáöåö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóÕõæÑóÉõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÕøóæúãó æóÍóÑøóãó ÅöíÞóÇÚóåõ Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæö ÝóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó åõæó ÇáÕøóæúãõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ æóÃóáúÍóÞóåõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÃóÕúáöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÊóÍúÑöíãõåõ ãõÖóÇÏøðÇ áöæõÌõæÈöåö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó äóÝúÓõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö áóÇ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ¡ æóåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑóÇäö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÖóÇÏøó ÅöáúÍóÇÞðÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÞõÖöíó ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÍúÏöËö æóÈõØúáóÇäöåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáØøöåóÇÑóÉö áóÇ áöáäøóåúíö Úóäú ÅöíÞóÇÚöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÏóËö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáØøóæóÇÝö ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÞõãö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö Ýöíåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ áóÇ ÍóÙøó áóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇááøõÛóæöíøó áóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ ÚöäúÏó ÓóãóÇÚöåö áöÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: " ÍóÑøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáÕøóæúãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ Çáúíóæúãö " ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ æóÈóíúäó Þóæúáöåö: ÍóÑøóãúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÅöíÞóÇÚó ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí åóÐóÇ Çáúíóæúãö. ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áöÅöíÞóÇÚö ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö Óöæóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöíåö ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÖóÇÏøðÇ áöæõÌõæÈöåö áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÕóÝúÍóÉó 381 Ì 29 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì¡ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ãöäú ãóÈóÇÍöËö Çáäøóåúíö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áöáúÂãöÏöíøö.(1/118)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÅöíÞóÇÚö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÊóÍúÑöíãðÇ áöáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ÅöíÞóÇÚö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÊóÍúÑöíãðÇ áöäóÝúÓö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ äóÝúÓõåõ ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ¡ æóßóÐóáößó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö Çáúãóäúåöíøö Úóäú ÅöíÞóÇÚöåóÇ ÝöíåóÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÖóì ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåö áöÙõåõæÑö ÕóÑúÝö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÕöÝóÊöåö¡ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÊóØúæöíáö ÇáúÚöÏøóÉö áöÏóáöíáò Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö Çáúãóäúåöíøö ÚóäúåóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ãóäóÚó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÕöÍøóÊóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö¡ æóãóäú Úóãøóãó ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÕóÑúÝó Çáäøóåúíö ÝöíåóÇ Úóäú ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÕöÝóÊöåö Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò áöÏóáöíáò Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÞóÇãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö áóÊóÑóßó.
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì åá ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö
æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáäøóÏúÈö æóåõæó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò ãõåöãøò¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
(
áóÇ íóÓúÃóáõæäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú Íöíäó íóäúÏõÈõåõãú ... Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÆöÈóÇÊö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈõÑúåóÇäóÇ
) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: (åõæó ãóÇ ÝöÚúáõåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÊóÑúßöåö) æóíóÈúØõáõ ÈöÇáúÃóßúáö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú ÊóÑúßöåö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇááøóÐøóÉö æóÇÓúÊöÈúÞóÇÁö ÇáúãõåúÌóÉö æóáóíúÓó ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ.
æóÞöíáó: (åõæó ãóÇ íõãúÏóÍõ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö æóáóÇ íõÐóãøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö) æóíóÈúØõáõ ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ßóÐóáößó æóáóíúÓóÊú ãóäúÏõæÈóÉð.
ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: (åõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÝöÚúáõåõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ðóãøò Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ) ¡ (ÝóÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÝöÚúáõåõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö æóÇáúãóßúÑõæåö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æ (äóÝúíõ ÇáÐøóãøö) (1) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö æóÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö (2) æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö ÝóÝöíåö ãóÓúÃóáóÊóÇäö:
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(1) Ãóíú: Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
(2) ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÇÑößó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ æóÊóÇÑößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ÍóÊøóì íóÎúÑõÌó ÇáúæóÞúÊõ íõÐóãøõ.(1/119)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúßóÑúÎöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö íõÓóãøóì ØóÇÚóÉð ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó áöÐóÇÊö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö Åöáóíúåö æóÎõÕõæÕö äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ØóÇÚóÉð ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æõÑõæÏö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäúåõ æóáóÇ áöÕöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí íõÔóÇÑößõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÍóÇÏöËò ØóÇÚóÉð¡ æóáóÇ áößóæúäöåö ãõÑóÇÏðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãõÑóÇÏö ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ØóÇÚóÉð æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáóÇ áößóæúäöåö ãõËóÇÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ØóÇÚóÉð æóÅöäú áóãú íõËóÈú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ áößóæúäöåö ãóæúÚõæÏðÇ ÈöÇáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóíúåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú æóÑóÏó Ýöíåö æóÚúÏñ áóÊóÍóÞøóÞó áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎõáúÝö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÇáËøóæóÇÈõ ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò áóåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ ãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ØóÇÚóÉð áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäö ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÇáúÃóãúÑöº ÝóÅöäøó ÇãúÊöËóÇáó ÇáúÃóãúÑö íõÓóãøóì ØóÇÚóÉð æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÝõáóÇäñ ãõØóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
(
æóáóæú ßõäúÊó ÐóÇ ÃóãúÑò ãõØóÇÚò áóãóÇ ÈóÏóÇ ... ÊóæóÇäò ãöäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Ýöí ßõáøö ÃóãúÑößóÇ
) .
ßóíúÝó æóÞóÏú ÔóÇÚó æóÐóÇÚó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóÏóÈö Þóæúáóåõãú ÈöÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Åöáóì ÃóãúÑö ÅöíÌóÇÈò æóÃóãúÑö äóÏúÈò.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ØóÇÚóÉð áößóæúäöåö ãõÞúÊóÖò æóãóØúáõæÈðÇ ãöãøóäú áóåõ ÇáØøóáóÈõ æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó áößóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåõ ØóÇÚóÉð áößóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ áóßóÇäó ÊóÑúßõåõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð áößóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ¡ æóáöÐóáößó íõÞóÇáõ: ÃõãöÑó ÝóÚóÕóì¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
(
ÃóãóÑúÊõßó ÃóãúÑðÇ ÌóÇÒöãðÇ ÝóÚóÕóíúÊóäöí
) .
æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúãõæÑò Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóæúáóÇ Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí áóÃóãóÑúÊõåõãú ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÕóáóÇÉò» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÈóÑöíÑóÉó æóÞóÏú ÚóÊóÞóÊú ÊóÍúÊó ÚóÈúÏò: " «áóæú ÑóÇÌóÚúÊöíåö. ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: ÈöÃóãúÑößó íóÇ ÑóÓõæá Çááøóåö¿ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÔóÇÝöÚñ» " äóÝóì ÇáúÃóãúÑó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÊóíúäö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóäúÏõæÈñ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó áóíúÓó ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ.(1/120)
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁõ æóÇáØøóáóÈõ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ ÝóÊóÓúáöíãõåõ ÊóÓúáöíãñ áöãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÊóÇÑößõåõ ÚóÇÕöíðÇ. ÞõáúäóÇ: áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäó ÇÓúãõ Ðóãøò ãõÎúÊóÕøñ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö æóáóÇ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãõØúáóÞö ÃóãúÑò¡ æóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó ÌóãúÚðÇ Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóáöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ íóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËóíúäö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÏúÈö. æóíõÎóÕøõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóíøóÏóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉö¡ æóåöíó áóÇ Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ßóæúäõåõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Ýóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÐößúÑõåóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö¡ æóåóáú åõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¿ ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó åóáú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö (1) åóáú åõæó ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö¿ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó (2) æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ. (3) æóÍõÌøóÉõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ßõáúÝóÉñ æóãóÔóÞøóÉñ¡ æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ ãõÓóÇæò áöáúãõÈóÇÍö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÑóÌò ãóÚó ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ ÝóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ Ãóæúáóì.
äóÚóã¡ Åöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÊóßúáöíÝöíøñ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö æõÌõæÈö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ßóæúäöåö ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ Úóäú ßõáúÝóÉò æóãóÔóÞøóÉò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓóÈóÈñ áöáËøóæóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÝóÚóáóåõ ÑóÛúÈóÉð Ýöí ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÝóÝöÚúáõåõ ãõÔöÞøñ ßóÝöÚúáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóßóåõ ÔóÞøó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÇáúÌóÒöíáö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÃóÔóÞøó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö. ÞõáúäóÇ: íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Íõßúãõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö Èößóæúäöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáËøóæóÇÈö ÍõßúãðÇ ÊóßúáöíÝöíøðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú ÃóÊóì ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÑóÛúÈóÉð Ýöí ÇáËøóæóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÓóÈøöÈõåõ Ýóåõæó ãõÔöÞøñ¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóßóåõ ÔóÞøó Úóáóíúåö ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ ãöäó ÇáËøóæóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
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(1) ÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÏúÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó áóíúÓó ÍõßúãðÇ¡ åõæó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúÍõßúãö æóãóÍóáøõåõ.
(2) ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó åõæó ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇíöíäöíøõ.
(3) ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÏúÈó æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉó æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Ãóæú áóÇ¡ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ Ýöí ÊóÓúãöíóÉò ÇÕúØöáóÇÍöíøóÉò áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåö ÚóãóáöíøóÉð.(1/121)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚ Ýöí ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚ
Ýöí ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö
ÇáúãóßúÑõæåõ (1) Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãóÃúÎõæÐñ ãöäó ÇáúßóÑöíåóÉö æóåöíó ÇáÔøöÏøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÈö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõãú: Ìóãóáñ ßóÑúåñ (2) Ãóíú ÔóÏöíÏõ ÇáÑøóÃúÓö¡ æóÝöí ãóÚúäóì Ðóáößó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ æóÇáúßóÑóÇåöíóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ. (3) æóÞóÏú íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÊóÑúßõ ãóÇ ãóÕúáóÍóÊõåõ ÑóÇÌöÍóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ ßóÊóÑúßö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊö.
æóÞóÏú íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ äõåöíó Úóäúåõ äóåúíó ÊóäúÒöíåò áóÇ ÊóÍúÑöíãò¡ ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæúÞóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞóáúÈö ãöäúåõ ÍóÒóÇÒóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÛóÇáöÈõ ÇáÙøóäøö Íöáøõåõ ßóÃóßúáö áóÍúãö ÇáÖøóÈúÚö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÍóÏøóåõ ÈöÍóÏøö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÍóÏøóåõ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÃóæúáóì.
æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÍóÏøóåõ ÈöÇáúãóäúåöíøö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Ðóãøó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö.
æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÍóÏøóåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí Ýöíåö ÔõÈúåóÉñ æóÊóÑóÏøõÏñ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóßúÑõæåö¡ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ æóÝöí ßóæúäöåö ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö¡ ÝóÚóáóì äóÍúæö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö (4) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö ÊóÒúíöíÝðÇ æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑðÇ.
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(1) ÇáúãóßúÑõæåõ áóíúÓó ÍõßúãðÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÍóáøõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÚóÈøóÑó ÈöåóÇ áóßóÇäó ÃóäúÓóÈó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
(2) ßóÑúåñ: ÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúßóÇÝö æóÓõßõæäö ÇáÑøóÇÁö.
(3) ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÓóíøöÆõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøößó ãóßúÑõæåðÇ) ÈóÚúÏó ÐößúÑö ÌõãúáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö.
(4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÍúËñ áóÇ ØóÇÆöáó æóÑóÇÁóåõ.(1/122)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ
Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ (1) Ýóåõæó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóåöíó ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑõ æóÇáúÅöÚúáóÇäõ¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÈóÇÍó ÈöÓöÑøöåö: ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÙúåóÑóåõ.
æóÞóÏú íóÑöÏõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö æóÇáúÅöÐúäö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÈóÍúÊõåõ ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóíú: ÃóØúáóÞúÊõåõ Ýöíåö æóÃóÐöäúÊõ áóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: åõæó ãóÇ ÎõíøöÑó ÇáúãóÑúÁõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÝöÚúáöåö æóÊóÑúßöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóäúÞõæÖñ ÈöÎöÕóÇáö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÎóÕúáóÉò ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇáúãõßóÝøöÑõ ãõÎóíøóÑñ Èóíúäó ÝöÚúáöåóÇ æóÊóÑúßöåóÇ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÝöÚúáöåóÇ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõÈóÇÍóÉð Èóáú æóÇÌöÈóÉð¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö æóÞúÊöåóÇ ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö ãõÎóíøóÑñ Èóíúäó ÝöÚúáöåóÇ æóÊóÑúßöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÒúãö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ãõÈóÇÍóÉð Èóáú æóÇÌöÈóÉð.
æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: åõæó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóæóì ÌóÇäöÈóÇåõ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÊóÞóÖñ ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ßóÐóáößó æóáóíúÓóÊú ãõÊøóÕöÝóÉð ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ãõÈóÇÍóÉð. (2) æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóÇ ÃõÚúáöãó ÝóÇÚöáõåõ Ãóæú Ïõáøó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÖóÑóÑó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóáóÇ ÊóÑúßöåö æóáóÇ äóÝúÚó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇãöÚò ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóÎúÑõÌõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÎóíøóÑó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ãóÚó ÅöÚúáóÇãö ÝóÇÚöáöåö¡ Ãóæú ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøö Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÝöÚúáöåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö æóÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÏõäúíóÇ æóÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÈóÇÍñ æóÅöäö ÇÔúÊóãóáó ÝöÚúáõåõ æóÊóÑúßõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÑóÑö.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøõ Úóáóì ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóÏóáò. ÝóÇáúÞóíúÏõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÇÕöáñ áóåõ Úóäú ÝöÚúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí (3) Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõæóÓøóÚö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúæóÞúÊö æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÇáúãõÎóíøóÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ÝóÝöíåö ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
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(1) Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈóÍúËðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ãóÍóáøöåö æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ¡ ÝóÇáúÃóäúÓóÈõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑ ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö.
(2) ÇÚúÊóÑóÖó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ Úóáóì ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò.
(3) åõæó Þóæúáõåõ: ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈóÏóáò(1/123)
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍó áóÇ ãóÚúäðì áóåõ Óöæóì ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÝóì ÇáúÍóÑóÌõ Úóäú ÝöÚúáöåö æóÊóÑúßöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ËóÇÈöÊñ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóãöÑøñ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõßúãðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ.
æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö áóíúÓó ÈöÅöÈóÇÍóÉò ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ ÎöØóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö. æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöÐðÇ (1) ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖú áöäóÝúíöåóÇ æóãóÇ äõÝöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇ ÃóËúÈóÊúäóÇåõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúãõæÑò Èöå]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ (2) ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁõ æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó ÞóÇØöÈóÉð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúãõæÑò Èöåö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúßóÚúÈöíøö (3) æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ãõÈóÇÍó Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Èóáú ßõáøõ ÝöÚúáò íõÝúÑóÖõ Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ ãóÃúãõæÑñ Èöåö.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúãõæÑò Èöåö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ØóáóÈñ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÊóÑúÌöíÍó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ; áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ãõÌúãöÚóÉñ Úóáóì ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Åöáóì æõÌõæÈò æóäóÏúÈò æóÅöÈóÇÍóÉò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó. ÝóãõäúßöÑõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö íóßõæäõ ÎóÇÑöÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúßóÚúÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáò íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ãõÈóÇÍðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö Èöåö ÊóÑúßõ ÍóÑóÇãò ãóÇ¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö æóÇÌöÈñ æóáóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÊóÑúßõåõ Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö ÈöÖöÏøò ãöäú ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
Ëõãøó ÇÚúÊóÐóÑó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøö Èöåö ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇáó: íóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÐóÇÊö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäú ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èöåö áöÓóÈóÈö ÊóæóÞøõÝö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÈöÃóÞúÕóì ÇáúÅöãúßóÇäö (4) ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö ãóäú áóÇ
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(1) ÝóÅöÐðÇ ÈöÊóäúæöíäö ÇáÐøóÇáö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÝóÕúáó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚó áöáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö Ýöí Ì 1 ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈ " ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö " áöáÔøóÇØöÈöíøö.
(3) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÞóÇÓöãö ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ãóÍúãõæÏò ÇáúÈóáúÎöíøõ ÇáúßóÚúÈöíøõ¡ ãöäú ÔõíõæÎö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 319.
(4) Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó áóÝúÙöíøñ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäú ÊóæúÌöíåö ÇáúßóÚúÈöíøö áöãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ æóæóÇÝóÞó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÌóáóÇáõ ÇáúãóÍóáøöíøö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍöåö¡ æóÇáúÚóØøóÇÑõ Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÊöåö.(1/124)
íóÚúáóãõ ÚóæóÑó ßóáóÇãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ Èóáú ÔóíúÁñ íõÊúÑóßõ Èöåö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãõ ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ. æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÓóÏöíÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐðÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÊóÑúßó ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö æóÇÌöÈñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÈöÏõæäö ÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö ÈöÖöÏøò ãöäú ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ãóäøó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ïõæäóåõ Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ¡ ÝóÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓõ ÈöÖöÏøò ãöäú ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö æóÇÌöÈñ¡ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÖúÏóÇÏö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò ÞóÈúáó ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö áóåõ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí æõÌõæÈöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö¡ æóáóÇ ÎóáóÇÕó Úóäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóäúÚö æõÌõæÈö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÎóÑúÞõ ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúãõãóåøóÏóÉö Úóáóì ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÃõáúÒöãó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊó áóßóÇäó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ Èóáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊõÑößó Èöåö ãõÍúÑóãñ ÂÎóÑõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÚöäúÏó ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÈöåóÇ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÂÎóÑó¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÌóæóÇÈõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÌöåóÊóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÊóíúäö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúãóÛúÕõæÈóÉö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏóåõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÈúÚóÏóåõ Ýóåõæó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÛõãõæÖö æóÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö¡ æóÚóÓóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöí Íóáøõåõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍ åóáú åõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö: åóáú åõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóÍõÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÏøõÎõæáö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍó ãóÇ áóÇ ÍóÑóÌó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö. æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÇÎúÊõÕøó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÛóíúÑõ äóÇÝöíóÉò áöáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó.
æóÍõÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÈóÇíõäö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍó ãóÇ ÎõíøöÑó Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ÈöÇáúÞõíõæÏö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö (1) ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ. (2)
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(1) ÐõßöÑóÊú Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö Õ 123.
(2) æóÞöíáó: ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ áóÝúÙöíøñ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ßóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ßóáóÇãõåõ ÂÎöÑó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.(1/125)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ãõØøóÑöÏóÉñ ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Úóáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö æóÇáÕøóæúãö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: ÕóáóÇÉñ ÌóÇÆöÒóÉñ æóÕóæúãñ ÌóÇÆöÒñ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÝúåõæãõ ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞðÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÅöãøóÇ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒõ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝóáóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑóßó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Óöæóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÈóÍúËö æóÇáÓøóÈúÑö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõØøóÑöÏóÉñ ÈöÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÝóì ÇáúÍóÑóÌõ Úóäú ÊóÑúßöåö¡ æóáöÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãõ ÌóÇÆöÒõ ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö ÃóæøóáðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò åõäóÇ. æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ Ãóæú ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö Èóáö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóæúáóì ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: åóÐóÇ æóÇÌöÈñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÌóÇÆöÒò¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ áóÝúÙöíøóÉñ¡ æóåöíó Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍ åóáú åõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö: åóáú åõæó ÏóÇÎöáñ ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¿ æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÌõãúåõæÑò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúíö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ÃóÈöí ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇíöíäöíøö.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áóÝúÙöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÝöíó íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöØóáóÈö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ßõáúÝóÉñ æóãóÔóÞøóÉñ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõãú: ßóáøóÝúÊõßó ÚóÙöíãðÇ¡ Ãóíú ÍóãøóáúÊõßó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ßõáúÝóÉñ æóãóÔóÞøóÉñ. æóáóÇ ØóáóÈó Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö æóáóÇ ßõáúÝóÉó áößóæúäöåö ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö.
æóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó Ðóáößó áóãú íõËúÈöÊúåõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Èóáú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ßóæúäöåö ãõÈóÇÍðÇ¡ æóÇáúæõÌõæÈõ ãöäú ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÝóãóÇ ÇáúÊóÞóíóÇ Úóáóì ãóÍóÒøò æóÇÍöÏò.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍ åóáú åõæó ÍóÓóäñ Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö: åóáú åõæó ÍóÓóäñ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ ÍóÓóäñ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö Ãóäøó áöÝóÇÚöáöåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáóåõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöáúÛóÑóÖö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÍóÓóäðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõ ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇáËøóäóÇÁö Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö.(1/126)
[ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö]
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕúÝö Èößóæúäöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ]
ÇáúÝóÕúáõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ
Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉö ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóåöíó Úóáóì ÃóÕúäóÇÝò:
ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕúÝö Èößóæúäöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ
æóÇáÓøóÈóÈõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáõ Èöåö Åöáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏò ãóÇ.
æóãöäúåõ Óõãøöíó ÇáúÍóÈúáõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ æóÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÓóÈóÈðÇ ; áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáÊøóæóÕøõáö ÈöåöãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö. æóÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÑøöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ãõÓóãøóíóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóåõæó ßõáøõ æóÕúÝò ÙóÇåöÑò ãõäúÖóÈöØò Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ãõÚóÑøöÝðÇ áöÍõßúãò ÔóÑúÚöíøò. æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö.
æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö áöáúÍõßúãö ÍößúãóÉð ÈóÇÚöËóÉð Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóÌóÚúáö ÒóæóÇáö ÇáÔøóãúÓö ÃóãóÇÑóÉð ãõÚóÑøöÝóÉð áöæõÌõæÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö} æóÝöí Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇáóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÝóÕóáøõæÇ» "¡ æóßóÌóÚúáö ØõáõæÚö åöáóÇáö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÃóãóÇÑóÉð Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö Õóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ýóãóäú ÔóåöÏó ãöäúßõãõ ÇáÔøóåúÑó ÝóáúíóÕõãúåõ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÕõæãõæÇ áöÑõÄúíóÊöåö æóÃóÝúØöÑõæÇ áöÑõÄúíóÊöåö» " æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÍößúãóÉð ÈóÇÚöËóÉð áöáÔøóÑúÚö Úóáóì ÔóÑúÚö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈö ßóÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÇáúãõØúÑöÈóÉö ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝóÉö áöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÔõÑúÈö ÇáäøóÈöíÐö áóÇ áöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúãóÞöíÓö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ãóÚúÑõæÝñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ ÈöÇáÔøöÏøóÉö ÇáúãõØúÑöÈóÉö (1) ¡ æóáöÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÚóÑøöÝóÉð áóåõ Ýóåöíó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ßóæúäõåóÇ ÚöáøóÉð ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÐóáößó ÏóæúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú Íóßóãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóßõáøõ æóÇÞöÚóÉò ÚõÑöÝó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈö áóÇ ÈöÏóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö¡ Ýóáöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝöíåóÇ ÍõßúãóÇäö: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝõ ÈöÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉõ ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝö áöáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ äóÕúÈöåö ÓóÈóÈðÇ ãõÚóÑøöÝðÇ áöáúÍõßúãö
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(1) áóßöäøóåóÇ ÑõæÚöíóÊú Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÈöÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÞóÈúáõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÍößúãóÉð ÈóÇÚöËóÉð áöáÔøóÑúÚö ÅöáóÎú.(1/127)
ÚõÓúÑõ æõÞõæÝö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó Úóáóì ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÞöÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöØóÇÚö ÇáúæóÍúíö¡ ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäú ÊóÚúØöíáö ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö (1) ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈõ ãöãøóÇ íóÊóßóÑøóÑõ ÈöÊóßóÑøõÑöåö ÇáúÍõßúãõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÒóæóÇáö ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóØõáõæÚö ÇáúåöáóÇáö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÖøóãóÇäóÇÊö æóÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö æóÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóßóÑøöÑò Èöåö ßóÇáöÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó æóÕúÝðÇ æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÚóÏóãöíøðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÃõØúáöÞó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÈóÈö Ãóäøóåõ ãõæÌöÈñ áöáúÍõßúãö ÝóáóíúÓó ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ íõæÌöÈõåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö æóÕöÝóÉö äóÝúÓöåö æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áóåõ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÑøöÝñ áöáúÍõßúãö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ (2) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉõ ÍõßúãðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ áóÇÝúÊóÞóÑóÊú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ Åöáóì ÓóÈóÈò ÂÎóÑó íõÚóÑøöÝõåóÇ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÇáÏøóæúÑõ Åöäö ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈóíúäö Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö - æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæóÕúÝó ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝó áöáúÍõßúãö ÅöãøóÇ íõÚóÑøöÝõåõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö Ãóæú ÈöÕöÝóÉò ÒóÇÆöÏóÉò - æóÅöãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÚóÑøöÝðÇ áóåõ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈöÕöÝóÉò ÒóÇÆöÏóÉò Úóáóíúåö ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö ßóÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáØøóÑöíÞó Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ßóæúäö ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÓóÈóÈðÇ áöáúÍõßúãö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏúÚöíóÉö áöáúÍõßúãö ãöäú ÌóáúÈö ãóÕúáóÍóÉò Ãóæú ÏóÝúÚö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò¡ æóÐóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöæóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ãõÚóÑøöÝóÉð áöÍõßúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö áóÃóãúßóäó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈö ÈöåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ÊóæóÓøõØö ÇáúæóÕúÝö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÍößúãóÉó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÞóÏöíãóÉð Ãóæú ÍóÇÏöËóÉð.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áóÒöãó ãöäú ÞöÏóãöåóÇ ÞöÏóãõ ãõæÌöÈöåóÇ æóåõæó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåóÇ ãöäú ãõÚóÑøöÝò ÂÎóÑó áöÎóÝóÇÆöåóÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝö ÚóÇÆöÏñ ÈöÚóíúäöåö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÕóÝúÍóÉó 28 Ì 19 ãóÌúãõæÚó ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.
(2) ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóáóÇ åõæó ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ãõÚóÑøöÝò æóÃóãóÇÑóÉò áöáúÍõßúãö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãóÚúäðì Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ Ãóæú ÃóãúÑñ áóÇÒöãñ áóåõ¡ ÑóÚóÇåõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóáóì æóÝúÞöåö.(1/128)
ÞõáúäóÇ: ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö ãõÓúÊóäöÏóÉñ Åöáóì ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö (1) Ãóæú Åöáóì ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãóÉö áöáúæóÕúÝö ãóÚó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉò (2) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÓóÈóÈðÇ ÂÎóÑó íõÚóÑøöÝõåóÇ ÍóÊøóì íóáúÒóãó ÇáÏøóæúÑõ Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ¡ æóÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ åóÇåõäóÇ íóßõæäõ ÏóÝúÚõ ÅöÔúßóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí (3) ÃóíúÖðÇ. (4) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ÝóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÏóÝúÚöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍößúãóÉó ÇáúãõÚóÑøöÝóÉó áöáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö áóíúÓó ãõØúáóÞó ÍößúãóÉò Èóáö ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÇáúãóÖúÈõæØóÉõ ÈöÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäö ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉð áöáúÍõßúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÎóÝöíøóÉð ÛóíúÑó ãóÖúÈõæØóÉò ÈöäóÝúÓöåóÇ æóáóÇ ÈöãóáúÒõæãöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúæóÕúÝö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöåóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ãóÇ Èöåö ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝõ áöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈöåóÇ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåóÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö æóÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö¡ æóãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÔóÃúäõåõ ÝóÏóÃúÈõ (5) ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ýöíåö ÑóÏøõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÙóÇäøö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑóÉö ÇáúãõäúÖóÈöØóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÏóÝúÚðÇ áöáúÚõÓúÑö æóÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäúåõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäúåõ: ÝóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÏóÝúÚöåö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÖúÈõæØóÉð ÈöÇáúæóÕúÝö Ýóåöíó ãóÚúÑõæÝóÉñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝúÊóÞöÑóÉò Åöáóì ãõÚóÑøöÝò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÞóÏøõãöåóÇ Úóáóì æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõÚóÑøöÝóÉð áöáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö áöÊóæóÞøõÝö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó áóåóÇ ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ÔóÑúÚðÇ Ýóáóæú ÊóÎóáøóÝó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉò ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö Ýóåóáú ÊóÈúØõáõ ÓóÈóÈöíøóÊõåõ Ãóãú áóÇ¿ ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ.
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(1) ãöËúáõ: (ÃóÞöãö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöÏõáõæßö ÇáÔøóãúÓö) .
(2) ãöËúáõ ÓóÈóÈöíøóÉö ÇáúÛóÖóÈö Ýöí ãóäúÚö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÇÔúÊöãóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÔúæöíÔö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö ãöäú ÏöÞøóÉö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇÓúÊöíÝóÇÁö æóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÍõßúãö ßóãóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí.
(3) ÝóÅöäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáÓøóÈóÈöíøóÉö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÎöØóÇÈö æóáóÇ ÎöØóÇÈó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍößúãóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóÖóãøóäõåóÇ ÇáúæóÕúÝõ ãóÚó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóáóÇ Íõßúãó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
(4) áóÚóáøóåõ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí.
(5) áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÝóÓõäøóÉõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ýöíåö. áóßóÇäó ÃóäúÓóÈó.(1/129)
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕúÝö Èößóæúäöåö ãóÇäöÚðÇ]
æóÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ãóÇäöÚö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóãóÇäöÚö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇäöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ Ýóåõæó ßõáøõ æóÕúÝò æõÌõæÏöíøò ÙóÇåöÑò ãõäúÖóÈöØò ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãò áöÍößúãóÉò ãõÞúÊóÖóÇåóÇ ÈóÞóÇÁõ äóÞöíÖö Íõßúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÍößúãóÉö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ ßóÇáúÃõÈõæøóÉö (1) Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö ãóÚó ÇáúÞóÊúáö ÇáúÚóãúÏö ÇáúÚõÏúæóÇäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇäöÚõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ Ýóåõæó ßõáøõ æóÕúÝò íõÎöáøõ æõÌõæÏõåõ ÈöÍößúãóÉö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö íóÞöíäðÇ¡ ßóÇáÏøóíúäö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ãóÚó ãöáúßö ÇáäøöÕóÇÈö.
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÇáÔøóÑúØõ]
æóÇáÔøóÑúØõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏóãõåõ ãõÎöáøðÇ ÈöÍößúãóÉö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ Ýóåõæó ÔóÑúØõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ßóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÓúáöíãö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÈóíúÚö¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏóãõåõ ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÍößúãóÉò ãõÞúÊóÖóÇåóÇ äóÞöíÖõ Íõßúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ãóÚó ÈóÞóÇÁö ÍößúãóÉö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö Ýóåõæó ÔóÑúØõ ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ßóÚóÏóãö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöãõÓóãøóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó (2) ÞóÖóÇÁõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÕúÝö Èößóæúäöåö ãóÇäöÚðÇ Ãóæú ÔóÑúØðÇ áóÇ äóÝúÓó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÑöÏõ åóÇåõäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊö ãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÏóÝúÚöåóÇ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö]
æóåöíó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ãõÞóÇÈöáñ áöáÓøóÞóãö æóåõæó ÇáúãóÑóÖõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÞóÏú ÊõØúáóÞõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóÚóáóì ÚõÞõæÏö ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö ÊóÇÑóÉð.
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ ÝóÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö: ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö æóÌóÈó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ Ãóæú áóãú íóÌöÈú. æóÚöäúÏó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Ýóãóäú Õóáøóì æóåõæó íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóØóåøöÑñ æóÊóÈóíøóäó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ ÝóÕóáóÇÊõåõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Úóáóì ÍóÓóÈö ÍóÇáöåö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉò ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö áößóæúäöåóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÓúÞöØóÉò áöáúÞóÖóÇÁö.
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(1) ÇáúÃõÈõæøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÖóÇÝöíøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑóåóÇ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ åõäóÇ æóÕúÝðÇ æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ ãõÞúÊóÖöíðÇ ÈóÞóÇÁó äóÞöíÖö Íõßúãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóÌóÚúáöåóÇ ãõáúÍóÞóÉð ÈöÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÏóãöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÔõÑõæØö ÚöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ýöí ÈóÇÈ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
(2) ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ÇáÕøöäúÝö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËøóÇáöËö.(1/130)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÚõÞõæÏö ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö¡ ÝóãóÚúäóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúÏö ÊóÑóÊøõÈõ ËóãóÑóÊöåö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈóÉö ãöäúåõ Úóáóíúåö. æóáóæú Þöíáó áöáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ÕóÍöíÍóÉñ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö ÝóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó¡ æóãóäú ÝóÓøóÑó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÚóÞúÏö ÈöÅöÐúäö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Ýöí ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÞõæÏö Úóáóíúåö Ýóåõæó ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÈóíúÚó ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÎöíóÇÑö ÕóÍöíÍñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞú ÅöÐúäõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÚö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÝóÓúÎö ÞóÈúáó ÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóØøóÑöÏõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóÅöäú ÕóÍøó ÝóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò áóÝúÙöíøò¡ æóáóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÈöÊóÝúÓöíÑö ßóæúäö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö ãõÌúÒöíóÉð ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ãõÓúÞöØóÉð áöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú Êóßõäú ãõÊøóÕöÝóÉð ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ãõÌúÒöíóÉð ÚöäúÏó ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇáö ÔóÑúØöåóÇ æóÓõÞõæØö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÓúÞõØö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ ÈöÝöÚúáöåóÇ Èóáú ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö.
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÇáúÈõØúáóÇäö]
æóåõæó äóÞöíÖõ ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö Èößõáøö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑò ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÏõ ÝóãõÑóÇÏöÝñ áöáúÈóÇØöáö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÞöÓúãñ ËóÇáöËñ ãõÛóÇíöÑñ áöáÕøóÍöíÍö æóÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÔúÑõæÚðÇ ÈöÃóÕúáöåö ãóãúäõæÚðÇ ÈöæóÕúÝöåö¡ ßóÈóíúÚö ãóÇáö ÇáÑøöÈóÇ ÈöÌöäúÓöåö ãõÊóÝóÇÖöáðÇ æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãóäóÇåöí.
[ÇáÕøöäúÝõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ ÇáúÚóÒöíãóÉõ æóÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉõ] (1) ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÒöíãóÉõ¡ ÝóÝöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÇáÑøõÞúíóÉõ¡ æóåöíó ãóÃúÎõæÐóÉñ ãöäú ÚóÞúÏö ÇáúÞóáúÈö ÇáúãõÄóßøóÏö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ãóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóäóÓöíó æóáóãú äóÌöÏú áóåõ ÚóÒúãðÇ} Ãóíú ÞóÕúÏðÇ ãõÄóßøóÏðÇ.
æóãöäúåõ Óõãøöíó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõÓõáö " Ãõæáõæ ÇáúÚóÒúãö " áöÊóÃóßøõÏö ÞóÕúÏöåöãú Ýöí ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ áóÒöãó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏó ÈöÅöáúÒóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö - ÈöÊóÓúßöíäö ÇáúÎóÇÁö - ÝóÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáÊøóíúÓöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÓúåöíáö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÑóÎóÕó ÇáÓøöÚúÑõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÊóíóÓøóÑó æóÓóåõáó¡ æóÈöÝóÊúÍö ÇáúÎóÇÁö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáÑøõÎóÕö.
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóÇØöÈöíøõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÒöíãóÉö æóÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ãóÚóÇäò¡ æóÚóÑøóÝó ßõáøðÇ ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÅöØúáóÇÞò ãóÚó ÇáÊøóæúÖöíÍö ÈöÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÝõÑõæÚðÇ ßóËöíÑóÉð ÊõÈúäóì Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ÊóÝóÇÕöíáó Ðóáößó æóÔóÑúÍó ãóÇ ÃóÌúãóáóåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ åõäóÇ ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÒöíãóÉö æóÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö ÌÜ 1 ãöäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞóÇÊö.(1/131)
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó: ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉõ ãóÇ ÃõÈöíÍó ÝöÚúáõåõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ ÙóÇåöÑñ.
æóÞöíáó: ãóÇ ÑõÎøöÕó Ýöíåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÍóÑóÇãðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóÑúÎöíÕö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÞøö ãöäó ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ: ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉõ ãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÝöÚúáõåõ áöÚõÐúÑò ãóÚó ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇãöÚò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉó ßóãóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ßóÅöÓúÞóÇØö æõÌõæÈö Õóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó æóÇáÑøóßúÚóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáÑøõÈóÇÚöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö. ÝóßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉõ ãóÇ ÔõÑöÚó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áöÚõÐúÑò¡ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÚõãøó ÇáäøóÝúíó æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊó.
Ëõãøó ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ ÇáúãõÑóÎøöÕõ (1) áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö Ãóæú ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ Ãóæú ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóãõæÌöÈõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑõÎúÕóÉð Èóáú ÚóÒöíãóÉð¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ Íõßúãò ËóÈóÊó ÈöÏóáöíáò ÑóÇÌöÍò ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑöÖö ÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍö ÑõÎúÕóÉð æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÈöÊóÓóÇÞõØö ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÇÑöÖóíúäö ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò æóÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÑõÎúÕóÉð æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÝöÚúáò ÈóÞöíäóÇ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÑõÎúÕóÉð¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ. æóÅöäú áóãú äóÞõáú ÈöÇáÊøóÓóÇÞõØö ÝóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ ÞóÇÆöáóÇäö:
ÞóÇÆöáñ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö æóÚóÏóãöåö Åöáóì Íöíäö ÙõåõæÑö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö¡ æóÐóáößó ÚóÒöíãóÉñ áóÇ ÑõÎúÕóÉñ.
æóÞóÇÆöáñ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö æóÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó Ãóßúáõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö ÑõÎúÕóÉð¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö Èóíúäó ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóßúáö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóßúáó æóÇÌöÈñ ÌóÒúãðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó Èößóæúäöåö ÑõÎúÕóÉð¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãõ ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÈöíÍö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ åõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåó ÈöÇáÑøõÎúÕóÉö áöãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóíúÓöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÓúåöíáö ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ
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(1) ÈóÏúÁõ ÅöÔúßóÇáò áóãú íõÌöÈú Úóäúåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇæóáó ÇáÊøóÎóáøõÕó ãöäúåõ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÖöÍò¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÎøöÕõ ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóäú ÞóÇãó Èöåö ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ ÎóÇÕøóÉð Òóãóäó ÞöíóÇãöåö Èöåö áóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãõ ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ ãõÞúÊóÖöíðÇ áöÍõßúãöåö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö Çáúßõáøöíøö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö æóÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ßõáøöåóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÕõæÑóÉó ÇáÊøóÑúÎöíÕö áöáúÚõÐúÑö ÝóáóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáó.(1/132)
ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÇáÊøóáóÝøõÙö ÈößóáöãóÉö ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö¡ æóÅöÓúÞóÇØõ Õóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóÇáúÞóÕúÑõ Ýöí ÇáÑøõÈóÇÚöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ æóÇáÊøóíóãøõãõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÇÁö áöáúÌöÑóÇÍóÉö Ãóæú áöÈõÚúÏö ÇáúãóÇÁö Ãóæú áöÈóíúÚöåö ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ëóãóäö ÇáúãöËúáö - ÑõÎúÕóÉñ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ¡ æóÃóßúáõ ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÒöíãóÉð ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó æóÇÌöÈñ ÇÓúÊöÈúÞóÇÁð áöáúãõåúÌóÉö ÝóÑõÎúÕóÉñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÎõÈúËö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö æóãóÇ áóãú íõæÌöÈúåõ Çááøóåõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÈúáóäóÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ÑõÎúÕóÉð ÍóÞöíÞóÉð æóÅöäú Óõãøöíö ÑõÎúÕóÉð (1) áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö áöÊóÑúßöåö (2) ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ßõáøõ Íõßúãò ËóÈóÊó ÌóæóÇÒõåõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚõãõæãö áöáúãõÎóÕøöÕö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑõÎúÕóÉð ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÎóÕøöÕó Èóíøóäó áóäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãó áóãú íõÑöÏú ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúÚóÇãøö áõÛóÉð ÕõæÑóÉó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõ ÇáúÍõßúãö ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚõãõæãó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóÉö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÚõãõæãö áõÛóÉð ãóÚó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö áóåóÇ æóãóÚó ÇáúãõÎóÕøóÕö ÝóáóÇ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó. (3)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÈöåóÇ]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ÈöåóÇ æóÝöíåö ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì (4) ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Þóæúáõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóÞóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö (5) æóÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö æóÅöÚúÏóÇãöåö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóãóíúáõåõ Ýöí ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö (6) æóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåö Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æõÌõæÈö ãõÞóÇÑóäóÉö
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(1) Ãóíú ãóÌóÇÒðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÓøóÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÞõæÈöáóÊú ÍóÇáõäóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÍóÇáöåöãú.
(2) áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøöãö áöÊóÑúßöåö ÚöáøóÉñ áöãóäúÚö ÊóÓúãöíóÉö Ðóáößó ÑõÎúÕóÉð ÍóÞöíÞöíøóÉð¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÞõãú Ýöí ÍóÞøöäóÇ Ïóáöíáñ íõÍóÑøöãõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÊóÑúßó ãóÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåöãú ÝöÚúáõåõ ÏõæäóäóÇ.
(3) Ýöíåö äóÙóÑñ ; ÅöÐú ÞóÏú íõÓóãøóì ÈóÚúÖõ ÕõæóÑö ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÚõãõæãö ÑõÎúÕóÉð ßóÃóßúáö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö áöáúãõÖúØóÑøö¡ æóÐóáößó Èóíøöäñ ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúãóíúÊóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ãóÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ ÎõÊöãóÊú Èöåö ãöäú ÍöáøöåóÇ áöáúãõÖúØóÑøö.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 318 Ì 7 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì¡ æóÔóÑúÍó ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÕóäøóÝö: æóáóãú íõßóáøöÝúåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íõØöíÞõæäó. ÅöáóÎú.
(5) ãöËóÇáõ ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÃóÌúäóÇÓö ÌóÚúáõ ÇáÔøóÌóÑö ÝóÑóÓðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÝóÑóÓö ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÍóíóæóÇäó äóÈóÇÊðÇ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÈúÍóËó ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÌóæúåóÑö ÚóÑóÖðÇ¡ ãöäú ãóÞóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøöíäó¡ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö.
(6) Ãóíú: ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇÔöíóÉö ÇáúÚóØøóÇÑö Úóáóì ÔóÑúÍö ÇáúÌóáóÇáö ÇáúãóÍóáøöíøö.(1/133)
ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö áöáúãóÞúÏõæÑö ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö (1) ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ãóÞúÏõæÑöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ãóÞúÏõæÑõåóÇ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ (2) ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö æóÈóÚúÖö ãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÝöÚúáò Ýöí æóÞúÊò Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãóãúäõæÚðÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóÇáúÈóßúÑöíøóÉõ (3) ÍóíúËõ ÒóÚóãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÊúãó æóÇáØøóÈúÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÝúÆöÏóÉö ãóÇäöÚóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö.
ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÞõæÚöåö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøöíäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøöíäó.
æóÃóÌúãóÚó Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ ßóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áöãóäú Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ßóÃóÈöí Ìóåúáò ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖò ÇáËøóäóæöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö (4) ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÌóæóÇÒõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ãóíúáõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö¡ ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ.
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(1) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó äóæúÚóÇäö: ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ æóåöíó ãóäóÇØõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ ÝóÈöåóÇ íóÊúãóßøóäõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö¡ æóåöíó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãõßóáøóÝò ãõÓúáöãò Ãóæú ßóÇÝöÑò¡ ãõØöíÚò Ãóæú ÚóÇÕò¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ãõÞóÇÑöäóÉð áöáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÊóÞóÏøóãõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ íóÊóÞóÏøóãõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ æóåóÐöåö ãõÞóÇÑöäóÉñ áöáúÝöÚúáö æóãóæúÌõæÏóÉñ Ýöíãóäú ÃóØóÇÚó Ïõæä ãóäú ÚóÕóì¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ãóäóÇØðÇ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö. æóÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÇáúÌóÈúÑöíøóÉõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ æóäóÝóæõÇ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Åöáóì ÇáúÚóßúÓö.
(2) ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ æóåöíó ãõÄóËøöÑóÉñ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÊóãúßöíäö Çááøóåö áóåóÇ¡ æóÅöÞúÏóÇÑöåö áöÚóÈúÏöåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ. ÃóãøóÇ ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ýóãöäó Çááøóåö¡ Ýóåõæó æóÍúÏóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÌúÑöí ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö ÈöÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ¡ áóÇ ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉõ¡ ÝóãóËóáðÇ: ÍóÒøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÈöÇáÓøößøöíäö Ýöí ÑóÞóÈóÉö æóáóÏöåö¡ æóÖóÑóÈó ãõæÓóì Çáúßóáöíãõ ÇáúÈóÍúÑó ÈöÚóÕóÇåõ¡ æóÑóãóì ãõÍóãøóÏñ ÇáúÎóáöíáõ ÇáúÍóÕóì¡ ßõáøõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞö. ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóäúÞóØöÚó ÇáÑøóÞóÈóÉõ¡ Ãóæú íóäúÝóáöÞó ÇáúÈóÍúÑõ¡ Ãóæú íõÕöíÈó ÇáúÍóÕóì ÌóãöíÚó ãóäú Ñõãöíó Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöáóì Çááøóåö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó ÑóÊøóÈó Ðóáößó ÝóÍóÕóáó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ÔóÇÁó áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉ ÇáÐøóÈöíÍö ãóÚó ÃóÈöíåö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÈöÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÇáÊøóÓóÈøõÈõ æóÇáúßóÓúÈõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáøóÐöí åõæó Êóãúßöíäõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÅöÞúÏóÇÑõåõ æóÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúãõÓóÈøóÈóÇÊö Úóáóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
(3) ÇáúÈóßúÑöíøóÉõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÈóßúÑö Èúäö ÒöíóÇÏò ÇáúÈóÇåöáöíøö. ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÐúåóÈóåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúÝöÑóÞö¡ æóÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö áöáÐøóåóÈöíøö.
(4) æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö ÃóÑúÍóãö ÇáÑøóÇÍöãöíäó æóÃóÍúßóãö ÇáúÍóÇßöãöíäó.(1/134)
æóáúäóÝúÑöÖö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑóÝõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóåõæó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ØóáóÈõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ßõáúÝóÉñ¡ æóÇáØøóáóÈõ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ãóØúáõæÈðÇ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ØóáóÈó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáõ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ßóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö. æóáóæú ÊõÕõæøöÑó Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó æõÞõæÚõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóßóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö Ýöí ØóÑóÝö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÝóßóÐóáößó íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö Ýöí ØóÑóÝö ÇáÓøóáúÈö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉñ ßóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÓóáúÈö ÇáúÍóÑóßóÉö æóÇáÓøõßõæäö ãóÚðÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò ; áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó áöÐóÇÊóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ÊóæóÓøóØó ãóÒúÑóÚóÉð ãóÛúÕõæÈóÉð ÝóáóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ: áóÇ ÊóãúßõËú æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌú (1) ¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò. æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõßúËö æóÇáúÎõÑõæÌö ÅöÝúÓóÇÏõ ÒóÑúÚö ÇáúÛóíúÑö¡ Èóáú íóÊóÚóíøóäõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÎõÑõæÌö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÞúáöíáö ÇáÖøóÑóÑö æóÊóßúËöíÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõßúËö¡ ßóãóÇ íõßóáøóÝõ ÇáúãõæáöÌõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÌö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÇáäøóÒúÚö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Èöåö ãóÇÓøðÇ áöáúÝóÑúÌö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ; áöÃóäøó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈó ÃóÏúäóì ÇáÖøóÑóÑóíúäö íóÕöíÑõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÑóÝúÚö ÃóÚúáóÇåõãóÇ¡ ßóÅöíÌóÇÈö ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö Úóáóì ãóäú ÛõÕøó ÈöáõÞúãóÉò æóäóÍúæöåö. æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáÖøóãóÇäö Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ íõÝúÓöÏõåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÍõÑúãóÉö ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáÖøóãóÇäõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÖúØóÑøö Ýöí ÇáúãóÎúãóÕóÉö ÈöãóÇ íõÊúáöÝõåõ ÈöÇáúÃóßúáö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóßúáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÞóØó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò Úóáóì ÕóÏúÑö ÕóÈöíøò ãóÍúÝõæÝò ÈöÕöÈúíóÇäò æóåõæó íóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ Åöäö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó ÞóÊóáó ãóäú ÊóÍúÊóåõ æóÅöäö ÇäúÊóÞóáó ÞóÊóáó ãóäú íóáöíåö¡ Ýóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæú íóÎúáõæ ãöËúáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäú Íõßúãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö (2) ¡ æóåõæó Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ØóáóÈó ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó áóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍóÇáðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõãúßöäðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö æóåõæó æóÇÖöÍñ áóÇ ÛõÈóÇÑó Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöãóÏúÎõæáö ÇáäøóÝúíö¡ áóÇ áöáäøóÝúíö. æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÉõ ÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò Õ 74.
(2) ÝóÑóÖó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ßóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóäú ÓóÈóÞóåõ ÓõÞõæØó ÅöäúÓóÇäò ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÏúÑö ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãöäú ÕóÛöíÑò áóÇ ßóÈöíÑò¡ æóÞóÏøóÑó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÍúÝõæÝðÇ ÈöÕöÈúíóÇäò ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÍóÊøóì áóÇ Êóßõæäó áóåõãú ÞõæøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÏøóÑó ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó Èóíúäóåõãú ÝóÑóÇÛñ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇáö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõäóÇßó ãóäú íõäúÞöÐõ ÇáúãóæúÞöÝó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÝóÑúÖñ áóÇ íóßóÇÏõ íõæÌóÏõ ÈöÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÅöÎóÇáõåõ æõÌöÏó ÝöíãóÇ ãóÖóì¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÓúÊóäúßóÑñ¡ æóÃóäúßóÑõ ãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÈöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Îõáõæøö ãóÇ ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ æóÇÞöÚóÉð Ýöí Ùóäøöåö Úóäú Íõßúãö Çááøóåö.(1/135)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäú ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ØóáóÈö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÊóÕóæøõÑöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÕóæøóÑðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáØøóÇáöÈö áóãóÇ Úõáöãó ÅöÍóÇáóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÝóÑúÚõ ÊóÕóæøõÑö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇááøóÇÒöãõ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö æóæõÞõæÚöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäõæÍò: {Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó} ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ÛóíúÑõ (1) ãóäú áóãú íõÄúãöäú ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö¡ æóãöäú ÖóÑõæÑóÉö Ðóáößó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõãú ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõæåõ ÊóÕúÏöíÞðÇ (2) áóåõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÄúãöäõæäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ßóáøóÝó ÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö. æóãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÈóÇ áóåóÈò áóÇ íõÕóÏøöÞõåõ áöÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÈöíøöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóáøóÝóåõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö Ýöí ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö áóåõ æóÝöí Ðóáößó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö æóÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóãõäúÏóÝöÚñ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãó ÇáúãõÊóÕóæøóÑó ÇáúãóÍúßõæãó ÈöäóÝúíöåö Úóäö ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÇáúãóÚúáõæãõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí áóíúÓóÊú ãõÊóÖóÇÏøóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÕóæøõÑöåö ãóäúÝöíøðÇ Úóäö ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö ÊóÕóæøõÑõåõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ áóåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÏóÞöíÞñ ÝóáúíõÊóÃóãøóáú.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÃóÈöí áóåóÈò ÝóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöíåö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóíóÕúáóì äóÇÑðÇ ÐóÇÊó áóåóÈò} æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö áöáäøóÈöíøö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÚúÐöíÈõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ðóáößó Ãóãúßóäó Íóãúáõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÓóíóÕúáóì äóÇÑðÇ ÐóÇÊó áóåóÈò} Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÅöíãóÇäöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóäøóåõ áóäú íõÄúãöäó ãöäú Þóæúãößó ÅöáøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÏú Âãóäó} Ãóíú ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö åöÏóÇíóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõãú Åöáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÏúáö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõãú ßõáøöÝõæÇ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÊóÕúÏöíÞöåöãú ÈöÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö äõÝóÇÉõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö.
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(1) ßóáöãóÉõ (ÛóíúÑõ) ÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ.
(2) ãóÝúÚõæáñ áöÃóÌúáöåö æóÞóÚó ÚöáøóÉð áöÞóæúáöåö: ÊóßúáöíÝõåõãú.(1/136)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáØøóÑóÝõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: æóåõæó ÈóíóÇäõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÑóÈøóäóÇ æóáóÇ ÊõÍóãøöáúäóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ØóÇÞóÉó áóäóÇ Èöåö} ÓóÃóáõæÇ ÏóÝúÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áóßóÇäó ãõäúÏóÝöÚðÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Åöáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚöåö Úóäúåõãú ÍóÇÌóÉñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Íóãúáõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõãúßöäðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÈöÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ ÅöãúßóÇäó áöæõÞõæÚöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ æóÅöãúßóÇäõåõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ýöíåö Ýóíóßõæäõ ÏóæúÑðÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ßóæúäóåóÇ ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ æóáóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÃúæöíáõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÓõÄóÇáö ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãóÔóÞøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöãóÇ ÓóäóÐúßõÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÅöÑóÇÏóÉó ÏóÝúÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ áóßöäøóåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ ÍóÇáö ÇáÏøóÇÚöíäó¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÏøóÇÚöíäó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö ÛóíúÑõ ãõØóÇÞóÉò¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÈóÚúÖó Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ íõæÌöÈõ ÅöÈúØóÇáó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåöãú ÈöÐößúÑö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÃóÕúáößõãú.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåóÇ} æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Úóáóíúßõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÍóÑóÌò} æóáóÇ ÍóÑóÌó ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöæóÖúÚöåóÇ ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Íóãúáö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ åöíó ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Ýöíåö¡ ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò. (1)
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖõ¡ ÝóÊóÃóãøóáú.(1/137)
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑö áóåõãú æóÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚóæóÇÊö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÐóáößó áóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÊóßúáöíÝò ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ (1) ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÊóäúÒöíáõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäõ Èöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöÌúÑóÇÁö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ æóãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚõÑúÝö Ýöí ÚõÑúÝöåöãú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõ ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ãöãøóÇ åõæó ãõÓúÊóÍöíáñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö áöÐóÇÊöåö ãöäú Úõãõæãö ÇáúÂíóÉö ; áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ ãöäö ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÓõÄóÇáö ÇáÏøóÝúÚö áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕñ æóÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö Ãóäøó ÛóÇíóÊóåõãóÇ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì äóÝúíö æõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó äóÝúíõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãóÏúáõæáö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈöäóÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö áöÇÚúÊöÖóÇÏöåóÇ ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí (2) ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ ÎõÑõæÌó áóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáÙøóäøö æóÇáÊøóÎúãöíäö.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóæúãó íõßúÔóÝõ Úóäú ÓóÇÞò æóíõÏúÚóæúäó Åöáóì ÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóØöíÚõæäó} æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöÇáÓøõÌõæÏö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÓúÊöØóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö Ãóäú áóæú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóÇÑó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÏóÇÑõ ãõÌóÇÒóÇÉò áóÇ ÏóÇÑõ ÊóßúáöíÝò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÍõÌóÌò æóÇåöíóÉò:
ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäúåóÇ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó Èöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÏóÇÚöí ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ßóÇäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáÑøõÌúÍóÇäö ãóÚóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöåöãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍóÇáðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö æóÊóÑúßöåö Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ áóåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö íóßõæäõ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝó ÊóÑóÌøõÍõ ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö Úóáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò
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(1) áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ãóÌúÈõæÑñ ÈóÇØöäðÇ¡ ãõÎúÊóÇÑñ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ.
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(1/138)
Ãóæú íóÊóæóÞøóÝó¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóæúÌõæÏò ÍóÇÏöËðÇ åóßóÐóÇ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÓóÏøõ ÈóÇÈö ÅöËúÈóÇÊö æóÇÌöÈö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌöÈú ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÌøöÍõ ãóÇäöÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó íóßõæäõ ãóÌúÈõæÑðÇ áóÇ ãõÎóíøóÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó Úóíúäõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÞõÏúÑóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö (1) æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÄóËøöÑóÉð Ýöíåö ÍóÇáó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÅöíÌóÇÏõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö Ãóæú ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏöåö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóÃúËöíÑõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö ãõÛóÇíöÑðÇ áóåõ áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáÒøóãóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ïõæäóåõ. æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö æóÊóÃúËöíÑö ãõÄóËøöÑöåö Ýöíåö ßóÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÓóáúÓõáñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ãõßóáøóÝñ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏóÉò ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö (2) ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú æõÌöÏóÊú áóßóÇäó áóåóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞõåóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÏóãðÇ áöÃóäøóåõ äóÝúíñ ãóÍúÖñ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóËóÑðÇ áóåóÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÌõæÏðÇ æóáóÒöãó ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ãóÚó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáö ÇäúÙõÑõæÇ} æóÇáäøóÙóÑõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö ÞóØúÚðÇ áöáÊøóÓóáúÓõáö¡ æóåöíó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝóÉñ Úóáóì ÊóÕóæøõÑö ãõÝúÑóÏóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö ; áöÃóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóØóáóÈõåóÇ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÇáäøóÙóÑõ íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚó ÇáÊøóÍúÕöíáö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌóÌõ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÑõÌúÍóÇäö ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Þóæúáõåõ: áöÃóäøóåõ ÕóÇÑó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ. ÞõáúäóÇ: ÕóÇÑó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö áóåõ Ãóæú áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ Ëõãøó íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÃóÝúÚóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉò ÈöÚóíúäö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑößðÇ.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Õ 134.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Õ 134.(1/139)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇÒöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ; ÅöÐú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝöÚúáõ Çááøóåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäúåõ Ãóæú íóßõæäó¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÝúÊóÞöÑó Åöáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò Ãóæú áóÇ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Åöáóì ãõÑóÌøöÍò: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÚóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÞúÓöíãõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó æõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚóåõ Ãóæú áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇÒöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãóÞúÏõæÑóÉñ áóåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ. (1) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍóÇÏöËóÉð ãóæúÌõæÏóÉð ãóÚó ÝöÚúáöåö áóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚó ÅöÍóÇáóÊöåö ÝóÞóÇÆöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÆöáò Èöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóæú æõÌöÏóÊú ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÝöÚúáöåö áóßóÇäó áóåóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞñ æóáóíúÓó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóåóÇ ÇáúÚóÏóãõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúæõÌõæÏö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÈöÚóíúäö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ÝóÃóÔóÏøõ ÖóÚúÝðÇ ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåóÇ ; ÅöÐú åöíó ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÏóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö " ÅöÈúØóÇáðÇ áóÇ ÑöíÈóÉó Ýöíåö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõåõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÙöÑö ÈöãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú áóÇ Êóßõæäó ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑóÇÊõ ãõßúÊóÓóÈóÉð¡ ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöåóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö. æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóäöÏö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóäúÞóØöÚõ ÇáÊøóÓóáúÓõáõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÓúáóßóÇäö:
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö ÝóßóÇäó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö (2) æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áöÝöÚúáöåö ÝóáóíúÓó ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áóåõ ÈöÇáÐøóÇÊö æóÇáØøóÈúÚö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ Èóáú ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÎóÇáöÞõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÎóÕøöÕðÇ áöãóÎúáõæÞöåö ÈöÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ãõÑöíÏðÇ áóåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉð¡ æóÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÇáöãò
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(1) ÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö æóÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÞúÖö ; ÍóíúËõ Èóíøóäó Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍöáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ÝóÊóÎóáøóÝóÊú Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÊöíÌóÉõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí Õ 134 ÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÝöÚúáö ÛóíúÑöåö.(1/140)
ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁö ÍóÑóßóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÍóÇáóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÅöÓúÑóÇÚöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÇáöÞðÇ áóåóÇ. (1) ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ãöäó ÇáËøóäóæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõßóáøöÝñ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö áöãóäú Úóáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÄúãöäõ ßóãóäú ãóÇÊó Úóáóì ßõÝúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ æõÞõæÚõåõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú æóÞóÚó áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úöáúãõ ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ÌóåúáðÇ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ áóßöäú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö Ãóæú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì äóÝúíöåö æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ. æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞöåö áóåõ¡ æóÏóáöíáõåõ: ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÞõÏúÑóÉó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäøóÇ æóãöäúßõãú Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú Êóßõäú åöíó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑóÉó Ýöíåö áóÇäúÊóÝóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ æõÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö (2) æóáóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝö¡ æóáóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú Êßõæäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóåõ (3) ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö æóÇáúÃóáúæóÇäö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÖúØóÑøðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÎõáöÞó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ãõÎúÊóÇÑðÇ¡
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÍöÌóÇÌñ ãóÚó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áöÝöÚúáö äóÝúÓöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ ÝóáóÇ íóäúåóÖõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú ÞóÇáó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉ ÈöãóäúÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ Ãóæú áöØóÇÑöÆò ãöäó ÇáúÂÝóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÞúÚõÏõ ÈöÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÈúÏó ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇáöÞò áöÝöÚúáöåö áóßöäøóåõ ßóÇÓöÈñ áóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Õ 134¡ æóíóßúÝöí Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáöåö áöãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóßóÓúÈöåö áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö æóÇáúÞóÕúÏõ Åöáóíúåö ÅöÌúãóÇáðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÕóÇÑó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÚóÇÏóÉð áóåõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÕöíÑó ÚóÇÏóÉð áóåõ Ýóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÊóÝúÕöíáö ÝöÚúáöåö¡ ãõÑöíÏñ áöÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö æóÂÍóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÍõÏõæÏö ØóÇÞóÊöåö ; æóáöÐóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÞúÕö æóÇáúÎóáóáö ÈöÞóÏúÑö ÞõÕõæÑöåö Ýöí Úöáúãöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÛóÝúáóÊöåö¡ æóÞõæøóÊöåö æóÖóÚúÝöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÎóÇáöÞö áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö æóÊóãóÇãö ÇáúÅöÈúÏóÇÚö¡ áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÊöåö æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÃóÓúãóÇÆöåö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåö.
(2) ÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãõÄóËøöÑóÉñ ÈöÅöÞúÏóÇÑö Çááøóåö áóåõ¡ æóÊóãúßöíäöåö ÅöíøóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö áóÇ ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö ÇáúßóÓúÈõ æóÇáÊøóÓóÈøõÈõ¡ æóãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÞõÏúÑóÉö Çááøóåö ÅöÞúÏóÇÑõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÊóãúßöíäõåõ¡ æóÊóÑúÊöíÈõ ÇáúÂËóÇÑö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ æõÞõæÚõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö¡ æóÈöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó íõÚúÑóÝõ ãóäúÚõ ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö.
(3) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉð.(1/141)
æóáóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÕúÏõÑó Úóäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÃóÝúÚóÇáñ ãóÍúßóãóÉñ ÈóÏöíÚóÉñ æóåõæó áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÇäúÞóÓóãó ÝöÚúáõåõ Åöáóì ØóÇÚóÉò æóãóÚúÕöíóÉò ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÖóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäú ÅöÈúáöíÓó ; ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÎóáóÞó Ýöíåö ÇáúßõÝúÑó æóÚóÇÞóÈóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÅöÈúáöíÓõ ÏóÇÚò áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó ÔõßúÑõ ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ Ðóãøõåõ Úóáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóáóÇ ÃóãúÑõåõ æóáóÇ äóåúíõåõ æóáóÇ ÚöÞóÇÈõåõ æóáóÇ ËóæóÇÈõåõ¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÂãöÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÝöÚúáö äóÝúÓöåö æóåõæó ÞóÈöíÍñ ãóÚúÏõæÏñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ãöäó ÇáúÌóåúáö æóÇáúÍõãúÞö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ÇáúßõÝúÑõ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÞóÏóÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞøðÇ Ãóæú ÈóÇØöáðÇ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ ÝóÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ ÝóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ÈóÇØöáñ. æóáóßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöãøóÇ ÑóÇÖöíðÇ Èöåö ÑóÇÖò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ÑóÇÖò¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÑøöÖóÇ ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÇáËøóÇäöí íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÑøöÖóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÇáúßõáøõ ãõÍóÇáñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøöí áóÛóÝøóÇÑñ áöãóäú ÊóÇÈó æóÂãóäó æóÚóãöáó ÕóÇáöÍðÇ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóãú ÍóÓöÈó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÌúÊóÑóÍõæÇ ÇáÓøóíøöÆóÇÊö} ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇÚúãóáõæÇ æóÞóÇÑöÈõæÇ æóÓóÏøöÏõæÇ» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «äöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäö ÎóíúÑñ ãöäú Úóãóáöåö» " Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì äöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö.
æóÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ ãõÊóæóÇÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú: ÝõáóÇäñ ÝóÚóáó ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÊóÚóáøõÞó Úöáúãö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæú ÈöÚóÏóãöåö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöæõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Úóáöãó æõÌõæÏóåõ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ Úóáöãó ÚóÏóãóåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõ ãõÍóÇáóÇÊñ: æóåõæó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ åõæó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÛúäóì Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ Úóáóì ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÔóíúÁò Ãóæú ÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áöáÑøóÈøö ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑñ¡ æóáóÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö Ýöí æõÌõæÏö ÝöÚúáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö áößóæúäöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóæú ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúæõÌõæÏö æóáóÇ áöáúÚóÏóãö ÝóÞóÏú ÈóØóáó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ¡ æóÅöäú Óõáøöãó Ðóáößó áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúáóßö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÇáúãóÎúáõæÞó áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÎóáúÞöåö áóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÃóÌúÒóÇÆöåö¡ æóßõáøõ ÌõÒúÁò ãöäúåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áóåõ ÈöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú(1/142)
íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÇáöãò áöãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ (1) .
æóÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöãóäúÚö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ æõÌõæÏõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò Èóíúäó ÞóÇÏöÑóíúäö ÎóÇáöÞóíúäö Ãóæú ãõßúÊóÓöÈóíúäö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Èóíúäó ÎóÇáöÞò æóãõßúÊóÓöÈò Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò. (2) æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ÈöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæöíøö æóÇáÖøóÚöíÝö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æóÇÞöÚñ Ýöí ßóËúÑóÉö ãóÇ íóÎúáõÞõåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑóÇÊö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøóÎúÕóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇåöÑö æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÄóËøöÑò ÝöíåóÇ (3) ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãõÖúØóÑøðÇ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ æóãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö. (4) æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÊóáóÇÒõãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö. (5) æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö Åöáóì ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÛóíúÑó ßóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ æóãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäú åóÐóÇ áößóÓúÈöåö¡ æóåõæó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇãöäö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåöãú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäó (6) ãöäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÃóÖóÑøõ ãöäó ÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈñ áóåõãú åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõäóÇ.
æóÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö æóÇáÔøõßúÑö æóÇáÐøóãøö æóÇáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑö áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÈöÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÊóÞúÈöíÍö Ðóáößó ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÇÏöÑðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÄóËøöÑò¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ. (7) æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÇáúÞóÏóÑö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöÑóÇÚö¡ æóÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÌóáö¡ æóÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÊóæúÝöíóÉö ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö¡ æóÇáúÅöÑóÇÏóÉö¡ áõÛóÉð.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Õ 141
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÊóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ
(3) ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉõ Èöåö æóÈöÃóÍúæóÇáöåö æóßóÔúÝõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö æóáóíúÓó ÕöÝóÉó ÊóÃúËöíÑò.
(4) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÚóÏóãó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáðÇ ÝóÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó äóÝúíó ÇáÊøóÃúËöíÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóÒöãó äóÝúíõ ÇáöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö.
(5) áóÚóáøó Ýöíåö ÓõÞõæØðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÊóáóÇÒõãö ÅöáóÎú. ÅöÐú åõæó ÊóÓúáöíãñ áöáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö.
(6) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇáÊøóãúßöíäõ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÅöáúÒóÇãöíøñ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÎóÕúãö.
(7) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ãóÈúÍóËö ÇáúÍõÓúäö æóÇáúÞõÈúÍö.(1/143)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÆöåö ÈöÌóãöíÚö åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊö æóåõæó ÍóÞøñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßõÝúÑõ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÞóÖóÇÆöåö ÈöãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÎóáúÞöåö æóÅöÑóÇÏóÉö æõÞõæÚöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÞøñ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö ÃóíúÖðÇ. (1) æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöÇáÑøöÖóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇÖò ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÛóíúÑõ ÑóÇÖò ÈöÇáúßõÝúÑö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáó ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉö åõæó ãóäú æóÞóÚó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóåõ (2) ¡ æóåõæó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõæÌöÏö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúáóßö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÚóáøõÞó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÞúÏõæÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ æóÌõæÏõåõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑò¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóãö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóáóÇ ÓóáúÈó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÈöíÏõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ Úõáöãó æõÞõæÚõ ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊõ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØõåõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÑúØõåõ (3) ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö æóÊóÞúÏöíãö (4) ÔóÑóØöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóæóÇÞöÚñ ÓóãúÚðÇ.
ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÑøóÃúíö æóÃóÈöí ÍóÇãöÏò ÇáúÅöÓúÝöÑóÇíöíäöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ÈöÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÍóÇáóÉó ßõÝúÑöåöãú.
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(1) ÃóãúËöáóÉõ ÅöØúáóÇÞóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö ßóãóÇ íóáöí: 1 - (æóÞóÖóíúäóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑó) ÇáúÂíóÉó. 2 - (æóÞóÖóì ÑóÈøõßó ÃóáøóÇ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ) . 3 - (ÝóÞóÖóÇåõäøó ÓóÈúÚó ÓóãóÇæóÇÊò Ýöí íóæúãóíúäö) . 4 - (Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÖóì äóÍúÈóåõ) . 5 - (æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöãõÄúãöäò æóáóÇ ãõÄúãöäóÉò ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõãõ ÇáúÎöíóÑóÉõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú) . æóÞóÖóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ. ÞóÖóì Ïóíúäóåõ¡ æóÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÑóÇÌöÚñ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝ ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíóÉö æóÇááøõÒõæãö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóÏúÎõæáöåóÇ æóÇáúÍóÑúÝö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÚóÏøóÊú Èöåö.
(2) ÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóäú æóÞóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÈöÞõÏúÑóÊöåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÓúÊóãóÏøóÉð ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
(3) Ãóíú: ÔóÑúØõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ áóÇ ÔóÑúØõ æõÌõæÈöåö¡ ßóÇáúÈõáõæÛö áöáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇááøõÛóæöíøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÊóÍöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏöåöãóÇ.
(4) ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö¡ æóÇáúãóÚúäóì ÊóßúáöíÝõ ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÔóÑúØö ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ßóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ.(1/144)
æóÏóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÎóÇØóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÇáúãõÊóãóßøöäó ãöäú Ýóåúãö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓó ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØó ÕöÍøóÊõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ " áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäúåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÍóÇáóÉó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ãóæú ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãöåö Ýóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò ÚóÞúáðÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäö ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáöº áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ áößóæúäöåö ãõÓúÞöØðÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇãúÊöËóÇáõåõ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ Èöåö ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóáóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ÞóÇÆöáñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúßõÝúÑö Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÅöáúÒóÇãöåö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÕóÑøó Úóáóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÍóÊøóì ãóÇÊó æóáóãú íóÃúÊö ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö æóáóÇ ÅöÍóÇáóÉó Ýöíåö.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÑúÝö íóäúÏóÝöÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚó ÃóÓúÞóØóåõ ÊóÑúÛöíÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøõÎõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ íóÌõÈøõ ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ» " æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøö¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÝöÚúáó ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÑöÏøóÊöåö áöíóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæõÞõæÚõ ÔóÑúÚðÇ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýóãöäú æõÌõæåò ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóãú íóßõäö ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÅöáøóÇ áöíóÚúÈõÏõæÇ Çááøóåó ãõÎúáöÕöíäó áóåõ ÇáÏøöíäó ÍõäóÝóÇÁó æóíõÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóíõÄúÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} æóÇáÖøóãöíÑõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (æóãóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ) ÚóÇÆöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó ÃóæøóáðÇ æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö.
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(1) Ãóíú: ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÑöÏøóÊöåö Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÚóæúÏóÉö áöáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãóÇ ÝóÇÊóåõ Òóãóäó ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö.(1/145)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÇ ÕóÏøóÞó æóáóÇ Õóáøóì - æóáóßöäú ßóÐøóÈó æóÊóæóáøóì} Ðóãøñ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÇáúßõáøö áóãóÇ Ðõãøó Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÏúÚõæäó ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÅöáóåðÇ ÂÎóÑó æóáóÇ íóÞúÊõáõæäó ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ íóÒúäõæäó æóãóäú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó íóáúÞó ÃóËóÇãðÇ - íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóíóÎúáõÏú Ýöíåö ãõåóÇäðÇ} Íõßúãñ ÈöãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö æóÇáÒøöäóì ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåö.
æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÍóÑøóãñ Úóáóíúåö æóãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ áóãóÇ ÃóËøóãóåõ Èöåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ãóäú äóÝóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö Ïõæäó ãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöÇáäøóåúíö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö (1) .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöáøóåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóØóÇÚó Åöáóíúåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ} æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöíåö áößóæúäöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóæóíúáñ áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÄúÊõæäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} áóßöäú ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÝóÓøöÑõæäó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÒøóßóÇÉö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Þóæúáõ: {áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ} (2)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóÇ Óóáóßóßõãú Ýöí ÓóÞóÑó - ÞóÇáõæÇ áóãú äóßõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó - æóáóãú äóßõ äõØúÚöãõ ÇáúãöÓúßöíäó} æóáóæú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÞóÏú ßõáøöÝõæÇ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóãóÇ ÚõæÞöÈõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ÍößóÇíóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÍõÌøóÉð áóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåöãú: {áóãú äóßõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó} Ãóíú ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «äõåöíÊõ Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó» " æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÊóßúÐöíÈöåöãú Èöíóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóáöØó ÈöÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö Åöáóíúåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóßöäú áóÇ Åöáóì ÊóÑúßöåóÇ¡ Èóáú Åöáóì ÅöÎúÑóÇÌöåöãú ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÑúßöåóÇ ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó ÊóÑóßõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÍóÇáóÉó ÑöÏøóÊöåöãú æóÐóáößó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö.
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(1) ÅöÔóÇÑóÉð Åöáóì Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö æóåõæó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáäøóåúíö áöÚóÏóãö ÊóæóÞøõÝöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøöíøóÉö¡ æóãóäúÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÃóãúÑö áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÇãúÊöËóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåö.
(2) ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßñ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö ÈöÈóíóÇäö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÔøöÑúßö áóÇ ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉõ.(1/146)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåöãú Åöäøóåõ ÍößóÇíóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÕúÏöíÞõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÞóÇáõæåõ æóÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑõ áöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÊóÚúÐöíÈõåõãú ÈöÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö Èöíóæúãö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõØöÝó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ ÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö æóÇáúãóÚúØõæÝö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
æóÚóäú Íóãúáö áóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÕóáøöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßñ áöáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÃúæöíáõ áóÝúÙö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÝóÈöãóÇÐóÇ äóÊóÃóæøóáõ Þóæúáóåõ: {æóáóãú äóßõ äõØúÚöãõ ÇáúãöÓúßöíäó} ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÅöØúÚóÇãõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö - (1) - ÇáÊøóÚúÐöíÈö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÅöØúÚóÇãò áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò.
æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÊóÛúáöíÙö ÚóÐóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÈöÅöÖóÇÝóÉö ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö Åöáóíúåö ÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÈóÇÍóÉð áóãóÇ ÛõáøöÙó ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ ÈöåóÇ.
æóÚóäú Þóæúáöåöãú ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÐöíÈö ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞõÈúÍö ÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑúßñ áöáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉó Èóíúäó ßóÇÝöÑò ÇÑúÊóßóÈó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö æóÈóíúäó ãóäú áóãú íõÈóÇÔöÑú ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäúåóÇ áöÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ Þöíáó¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍóãúáö Úóáóì ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÈöáóÝúÙöåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑöíäó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÊóÓóÇÁóáõæäó - Úóäö ÇáúãõÌúÑöãöíäó} æóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÑúÊóÏøöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò.
åóÐóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÝöÚúáö - (2) - áóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉó æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÃóÈóÏðÇ áóÇ íõÚóÇÞóÈõ æóáóÇ íõÐóãøõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ Èóáú ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÇáØøöåóÇÑóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö.
æóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóßóÝøö ÇáäøóÝúÓö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÝöÚúáñ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò - (3) - Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: Åöäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íóÝúÚóáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ãóÚó ÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäö ÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö ÈöÖöÏøö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÐóáößó áóíúÓó ÈöÝöÚúáò.
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(1) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö æóÚóÏúáöåö æóÑóÍúãóÊöåö ÈöÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ßóÊóÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö ÊõÝóÖøõáðÇ æóÅöÍúÓóÇäðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóíúåöãú.
(2) Ãóíú: ÔóÑúØõ ÕöÍøóÊöåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ Õ(1/147)
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ãõãúÊóËöáó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ãõØöíÚñ¡ æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉõ ÍóÓóäóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö Ýóáóåõ ÚóÔúÑõ ÃóãúËóÇáöåóÇ} æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöíóÌúÒöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÓóÇÁõæÇ ÈöãóÇ ÚóãöáõæÇ æóíóÌúÒöíó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÃóÍúÓóäõæÇ ÈöÇáúÍõÓúäóì} æóáóÇ ÝöÚúáó ÚóÏóãñ ãóÍúÖñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóíúÁò áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú ßóÓúÈö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõËóÇÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäú áóíúÓó áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÓóÚóì} .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÃóãúÑðÇ æõÌõæÏöíøðÇ æóáóÇ ÐóÇÊðÇ ËóÇÈöÊóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ Èöåö æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáõ Èöåö ØóÇÚóÉð æóÍóÓóäóÉð ãõËóÇÈðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö æóãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúáöãò ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåö (1) .
ÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãõæäó: ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ßóÐóáößó ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÞóÈúáó ÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö (2) æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÏõæÑò áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÞóÈúáó ÎóáúÞö ÞõÏúÑóÊöåö æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóãöÑøñ Åöáóì ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö æóáóÇ ãõßúÊóÓóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÑøóÑó.
ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó áöáúÎóÕúãö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó¡ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Úóáóì ÎóáúÞö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúÏõæÑò Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÞóÇÑóäõ ãöäúåõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ (3) .
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó ÍõÏõæËöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáäøóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÞóÈúáó ÍõÏõæËöåö Óöæóì ÔõÐõæÐò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÚóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÝöÚúáö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö Èöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ¡ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ãóÞúÏõæÑñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ Þöíáó ÈöÊóÞóÏøõãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ Ãóãú ÈöæõÌõæÏöåóÇ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ (4) æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÊóÚóáøõÞõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö:
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáöåö: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó.
(2) ãõÑóÇÏõåõãõ ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö¡ áóÇ ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö æóÇáúÂáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö.
(3) Èóáú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæúÝöíÞö ÇáúãõÞóÇÑöäóÉö áöáúÝöÚúáö ÃóáøóÇ Êóßõæäó ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãóäóÇØðÇ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÊóæóÝøõÑö ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ ÍóÇáó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåöíó ãóäóÇØõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö.
(4) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 134. 8(1/148)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöåö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÏö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ. æóÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÅöÍóÇáóÊöåö äóÝúÓõ ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ Ëõãøó íóáúÒóãõåõãú ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÒóãóÇäö ÍõÏõæËöåö ÃóËóÑðÇ áöáúÞõÏúÑóÉö ÇáúÞóÏöíãóÉö¡ æóáóÇ áöáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÐúåóÈóíúäö (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ãóæúÌöÏóÉó áóåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõåõãú Ýöí ÅöíÌóÇÏö ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö áóåõ Ýóåõæó ÌóæóÇÈõäóÇ Ýöí ÊóÚóáøõÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ Íßã ÇáäíÇÈÉ Ýí ÇáÊßÇáíÝ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ (2) . ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÏõÎõæáö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÈóÏóäöíøóÉö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áöÛóíúÑöåö " ÃóæúÌóÈúÊõ Úóáóíúßó ÎöíóÇØóÉó åóÐóÇ ÇáËøóæúÈö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÎöØúÊóåõ Ãóæö ÇÓúÊóäóÈúÊó Ýöí ÎöíóÇØóÊöåö ÃóËóÈúÊõßó¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÑóßúÊó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÚóÇÞóÈúÊõßó " ßóÇäó ãóÚúÞõæáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑúÏõæÏò¡ æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóæõÑõæÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ «ÑóÃóì ÔóÎúÕðÇ íõÍúÑöãõ ÈöÇáúÍóÌøö Úóäú ÔõÈúÑõãóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " ÃóÍóÌóÌúÊó Úóäú äóÝúÓößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: áóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÍõÌøó Úóäú äóÝúÓößó Ëõãøó ÍõÌøó Úóäú ÔõÈúÑõãóÉó» " (3) . æóåõæó ÕóÑöíÍñ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÏóäöíøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúÊöáóÇÁð æóÇãúÊöÍóÇäðÇ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóØúáõæÈñ áöáÔøóÇÑöÚö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ßóÓúÑö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãøóÇÑóÉö ÈöÇáÓøõæÁö æóÞóåúÑöåóÇ¡ áößóæúäöåóÇ ÚóÏõæøóÉð áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍößóÇíóÉð Úóäú ÑóÈøöåö: " ÚóÇÏö äóÝúÓóßó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ
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(1) ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóäú íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáøóåö¡ æóãóÐúåóÈñ íóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÎúáõæÞñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÔóÑúÍó ÇáØøóÍóÇæöíøóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÕóäøöÝö: æóÝöí ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÍúíóÇÁö¡ æóÕóÏóÞóÇÊöåöãú ãóäúÝóÚóÉñ áöáúÃóãúæóÇÊö¡ æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáÑøõæÍö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó: 16¡ æóßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö¡ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáäøóæúÚö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ãóÞóÇÕöÏö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö
(3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑóÝúÚöåö æóæóÞúÝöåö¡ æóÑóÌøóÍó ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ æóÞúÝóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÕóÑøóÝó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöí ãóÊúäö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ßóËöíÑðÇ(1/149)
ÇäúÊóÕóÈóÊú áöãõÚóÇÏóÇÊöí ÊóÍúÕöíáðÇ áöáËøóæóÇÈö Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áöáäøöíóÇÈóÉö Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ãöäó ÇáúÂáóÇãö æóÇááøóÐøóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåóÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÈúÊöáóÇÁõ æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäõ ÈöÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÊóÚúíöíäö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö áöÃóÏóÇÁö ãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ÃóÔóÞøó ãöãøóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ãóÚó ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ÃóÕúáó ÇáúßõáúÝóÉö æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ ÓõæøöÛó áóåõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöäóÇÈóÉõ.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÔóÞøóÉó áóÇÒöãóÉñ áóåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö Èöåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ æóÈöãóÇ íóÈúÐõáõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöæóÖö áöáäøóÇÆöÈö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉö æóíóáúÊóÒöãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãöäøóÉö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöæóÖö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúãõÑóÇÚóì Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö ÃóÔóÞøóåóÇ æóÃóÚúáóÇåóÇ ÑõÊúÈóÉð æóáöÐóáößó ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉð (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóæóÇÈõ æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈõ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Èóáú Åöäú ÃóËóÇÈó ÝóÈöÝóÖúáöåö æóÅöäú ÚóÇÞóÈó ÝóÈöÚóÏúáöåö ßóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ¡ Èóáú áóåõ Ãóäú íõËöíÈó ÇáúÚóÇÕöíó æóíõÚóÇÞöÈó ÇáØøóÇÆöÚó (2)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÔóÑúØó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ
Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ æóÝöíåö ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇÞöáðÇ ÝóÇåöãðÇ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó æóÎöØóÇÈó ãóäú áóÇ ÚóÞúáó áóåõ æóáóÇ Ýóåúãó ãõÍóÇáñ ßóÇáúÌóãóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö.
æóãóäú æõÌöÏó áóåõ ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÝóåúãö áöÃóÕúáö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ Ïõæäó ÊóÝóÇÕöíáöåö ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÃóãúÑðÇ æóäóåúíðÇ¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖöíðÇ áöáËøóæóÇÈö æóÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö æóãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÂãöÑö Èöåö åõæó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÃóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö Úóáóì ÕöÝóÉö ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ ßóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõãóíøöÒõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì Ýóåúãö ÇáÊøóÝóÇÕöíáö ßóÇáúÌóãóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì Ýóåúãö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ æóíóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ
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(1) ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊõ ÊóæúÞöíÝöíøóÉñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáäøöíóÇÈóÉõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÕøò Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóáóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ
(2) ßóÊóÈó Çááøóåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäú íõËöíÈó ÇáúãõØöíÚó ÝóÖúáðÇ ãöäúåõ æóÑóÍúãóÉð. æóáóãú íõæÌöÈú Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö. æóåõæó ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÎúáöÝõ æóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÙúáöãõ ÚóÈúÏóåõ (Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÙúáöãõ ãöËúÞóÇáó ÐóÑøóÉò) ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÌúãõæÚó ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì Ì: 6 æóãõÎúÊóÕöÑó ÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÞóíøöãö Ì: 1.(1/150)
ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ßóãóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì Ýóåúãö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì Ýóåúãö ÊóÝóÇÕöíáöåö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÈöíøõ ÇáúãõãóíøöÒõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÝúåóãõ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÝúåóãõåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÝóÇåöãò Úóáóì ÇáúßóãóÇáö ãóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ßóÇãöáõ ÇáúÚóÞúáö ãöäú æõÌõæÏö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóßóæúäöåö ãõÊóßóáøöãðÇ ãõÎóÇØóÈðÇ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö æóãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãõÈóáøöÛö Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö.
ÝóäöÓúÈóÊõåõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö ßóäöÓúÈóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÞóÇÑöÈðÇ áöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÈõáõæÛö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÈúÞó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö Óöæóì áóÍúÙóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýóåúãõåõ ßóÝóåúãöåö ÇáúãõæÌöÈö áöÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÈóÚúÏó áóÍúÙóÉò¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ æóÇáúÝóåúãõ Ýöíåö ÎóÝöíøðÇ¡ æóÙõåõæÑõåõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÏúÑöíÌö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÖóÇÈöØñ íõÚúÑóÝõ Èöåö¡ ÌóÚóáó áóåõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ ÖóÇÈöØðÇ æóåõæó ÇáúÈõáõæÛõ¡ æóÍóØøó Úóäúåõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÞóÈúáóåõ ÊóÎúÝöíÝðÇ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÏóáöíáõåõ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÑõÝöÚó ÇáúÞóáóãõ Úóäú ËóáóÇËóÉò Úóäö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÍóÊøóì íóÈúáõÛó¡ æóÚóäö ÇáäøóÇÆöãö ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóíúÞöÙó¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÍóÊøóì íõÝöíÞó» " (2) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÕøóÈöíøõ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ ÛóíúÑó ãõßóáøóÝò¡ ÝóßóíúÝó æóÌóÈóÊú ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉõ æóÇáäøóÝóÞóÇÊõ æóÇáÖøóãóÇäóÇÊõ¡ æóßóíúÝó ÃõãöÑó ÇáÕøóÈöíøõ ÇáúãõãóíøöÒõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¿
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐöåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊõ áóíúÓóÊú ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉð ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÇáöåö Ãóæú ÈöÐöãøóÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ãóåøóáñ áöáÐøöãøóÉö ÈöÅöäúÓóÇäöíøóÊöåö ÇáúãõÊóåóíøöÆö ÈöåóÇ áöÞóÈõæáö Ýóåúãö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÈóåöíãóÉö æóÇáúãõÊóæóáøöí áöÃóÏóÇÆöåóÇ Çáúæóáöíøõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ãóæú åõãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÝóÇÞóÉö æóÇáúÈõáõæÛö.
æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Çáúæóáöíøö áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ãõÑõæåõãú ÈöÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóåõãú ÃóÈúäóÇÁõ ÓóÈúÚò» " æó (3) ¡ Ðóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ íóÚúÑöÝõ Çáúæóáöíøó æóíóÝúåóãõ ÎöØóÇÈóåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
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(1) ãóæúÖõæÚõ åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÈóÍúËõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÇáúãõÍóÇáö¡ æóãóæúÖõæÚõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö ÇáúÈóÍúËõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÇÖöÍñ áöãóäú ÞóÇÑóäó Èóíúäó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇáö íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Èöåö¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÇáúãõÍóÇáõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö äóÝúÓöåö¡ áöÚóÏóãö Ýóåúãö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúãõÕóÍøóÍö áöÞóÕúÏö ãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö ßóÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáúÛóÇÝöáö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ.
(2) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÇáúÍóÇßöãõ Úóäú ØóÑöíÞö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö.
(3) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó Úóäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÈöáóÝúÙö: ãõÑõæÇ ÃóæúáóÇÏóßõãú. . ÅöáóÎú.(1/151)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÛóÇÝöáõ ÚóãøóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö¡ æóÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäõ ÇáúãõÊóÎóÈøöØõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎöØóÇÈõåõ æóÊóßúáöíÝõåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÛóÝúáóÊöåö æóÓõßúÑöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÅöÐú åõæó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÃóÓúæóÃõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Ýóåúãö ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö æóÍõÕõæáö ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö ãöäúåõ¡ æóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÇãóÇÊö æóÇáÖøóãóÇäóÇÊö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáö.
ÝóÊóÎúÑöíÌõåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö¡ æóäõÝõæÐõ ØóáóÇÞö ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö ÝóÝöíåö ãóäúÚõ ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú äóÝóÐó ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ íõÌúÚóáõ ÊóáúÝõÙõåõ ÈöÇáØøóáóÇÞö ÚóáóÇãóÉð Úóáóì äõÝõæÐöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÌõÚöáó ÒóæóÇáõ ÇáÔøóãúÓö æóØõáõæÚõ ÇáúåöáóÇáö ÚóáóÇãóÉð Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÕøóæúãö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÍóÏøö Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáÒøöäóì æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÃóäúÊõãú ÓõßóÇÑóì} ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Èöäóåúíö ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäúåõ Çáäøóåúíó Úóäö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáÓøõßúÑö¡ Èóáö Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõßúÑö Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
æóÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊõãõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÓúßóÑõæÇ.
ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏó: áóÇ ÊóÞúÑóÈö ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏó æóÃóäúÊó ÔóÈúÚóÇäõ.
Ãóíú áóÇ ÊóÔúÈóÚú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÏúÊó ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏó¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÔúÊóÛöáó Úóáóíúßó ÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏõ.
æóåõæó æóÅöäú Ïóáøó ÈöãóÝúåõæãöåö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáÓøõßúÑö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö æóÞúÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò áöæõÑõæÏö Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÍóíúÊõ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÔøõÑúÈõ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó æõÑõæÏõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö æóÝöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÓøõßúÑö¡ áóßöäú íóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ áóÝúÙö ÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ÏóÈøó ÇáúÎóãúÑõ Ýöí ÔõÆõæäöåö æóßóÇäó ËóãöáðÇ äóÔúæóÇäðÇ¡ æóÃóÕúáõ ÚóÞúáöåö ËóÇÈöÊñ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÆóæøöáõ Åöáóì ÇáÓøõßúÑö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
æóÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÈöÇÓúãö ãóÇ íõÆóæøöáõ Åöáóíúåö íóßõæäõ ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøóßó ãóíøöÊñ æóÅöäøóåõãú ãóíøöÊõæäó} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚúáóãõæÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞõæáõæäó} ; ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ßóãóÇáö ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÅöÐú åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáöÇäúÊöÔóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÞúáõ æóÇáúÝóåúãõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ.
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÝöÚúáó ÃóãúÑò æóåõæó ÛóÖúÈóÇäõ: áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáú ÍóÊøóì ÊóÚúáóãó ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõ Ãóíú ÍóÊøóì íóÒõæáó Úóäúßó ÇáúÛóÖóÈõ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÞúáõåõ æóÝóåúãõåõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ.
æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö¡ ÌóãúÚðÇ Èóíúäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö.(1/152)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ (1)
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÌóæóÇÒõ ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÃóÔúßóáó Ýóåúãõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÅöÍóÇáóÊöäóÇ áöÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáúÛóÇÝöáö æóÇáÓøóßúÑóÇäö¡ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÝóåúãö áöáÊøóßóÇáöíÝö.
æóÇáúãóÚúÏõæãõ ÃóÓúæóÃõ ÍóÇáðÇ ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ áöæõÌõæÏö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÝóåúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåöãú æóÚóÏóãöåö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö.
æóßóÔúÝõ ÇáúÛöØóÇÁö Úóäú Ðóáößó ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÞõæáõ Èößóæúäö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÍóÇáóÉó ÚóÏóãöåö Èóáú ãóÚúäóì ßóæúäöåö ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÞöíóÇãõ ÇáØøóáóÈö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö (2) ÈöÐóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì áöáúÝöÚúáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æóÌõæÏöåö æóÊóåúíöÆóÊöåö áöÝóåúãö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ ãõåóíøóÃð áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÕóÇÑó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáØøóáóÈö æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö ÇáúÞóÏöíãö.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæóÇáöÏó áóæú æóÕøóì ÚöäúÏó ãóæúÊöåö áöãóäú ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÈöæóÕöíøóÉò ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúæóáóÏó - ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æóÌõæÏöåö æóÝóåúãöåö - íóÕöíÑõ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöæóÕöíøóÉö æóÇáöÏöåö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ íõæóÕóÝõ ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÚöÕúíóÇäö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö æóÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóäóÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊöäóÇ åóÐóÇ äõæÕóÝõ ÈößóæúäöäóÇ ãóÃúãõæÑöíäó ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóãúÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ.
æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÍóÇáó æõÌõæÏöåö.
æóãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ËóÇÈöÊñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ýóåúãöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ Èóáú Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóØó Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö ÇáúÝóåúãõ áóÇ ÛóíúÑó¡ æóÝöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÇáúÝóåúãõ æóÇáúæõÌõæÏõ (3) .
æóåóáú íõÓóãøóì ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÒóáö ÎöØóÇÈðÇ áöáúãóÚúÏõæãö¡ æóÃóãúÑðÇ áóåõ ÚõÑúÝðÇ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ãõÓúæøóÏóÉö Âáö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÞöíáò ãöäú Ãóäøó ÃóãúÑó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÈõáõæÛö æóÃóãúÑó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÅöÝóÇÞóÉö ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÃóãúÑö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö: Õ 45.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö äóÝúÓöíøñ ÝóÞóØú¡ áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÑúÝò æóáóÇ ÕóæúÊò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÔóíúÁñ æóÇÍöÏñ áóÇ ÊóÚóÏøõÏó Ýöíåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÊøóÚóÏøõÏõ Ýöí ãõÊóÚóáøöÞöåö ãöäú ãõÎúÈóÑò Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ãóØúáõæÈò æóÝöí ÊóÚóáøõÞöåö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÞóÏöíãñ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÚöäúÏóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÇÁó¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ßóáóÇãó Çááøóåö ÇÓúãñ áöãóÌúãõæÚö ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÈöÕóæúÊò æóÍóÑúÝò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ Êóßóáøóãó ãóÚó ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ãöäú ÑõÓõáöåö æóãóáóÇÆößóÊöåö¡ æóÓóãöÚõæÇ ßóáóÇãóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ íóÊóßóáøóãõ ÈöÞóÖóÇÆöåö¡ æóÊóÓúãóÚõåõ ãóáóÇÆößóÊõåõ¡ æóÓóíóÊóßóáøóãõ ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóäøóÉö æóÃóåúáö ÇáäøóÇÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ßóáøñ ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõåõ.
(3) ÅöÐóäú ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóãúäóÚõæÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö¡ ßóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóäóÍúæöåöãú¡ æóáöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáøóÉö Ãóæú íõÌóæøöÒõæÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó ÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö.(1/153)
ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÓóãøóì ÃóãúÑðÇ æóáóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÎöØóÇÈðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöáúæóÇáöÏö ÅöÐóÇ æóÕøóì ÈöÃóãúÑò áöãóäú ÓóíõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ÃóæúáóÇÏöåö ÈöÝöÚúáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÃóæúáóÇÏóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÎóÇØóÈóåõãú.
áóßöäøó ÊóãóÇãó Ýóåúãö åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ãóæúÞõæÝñ Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ æóÊóÍúÞöíÞö ßóæúäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáØøóáóÈö æóÇáöÇÞúÊöÖóÇÁö.
æóÞóÏú ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÇÊö ÈöãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö ÊóÞúáöíÏõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö Ýöíåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ Íßã ÊßáíÝ ÇáãáÌÃ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõáúÌóÃö Åöáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÓóÚõåõ ÊóÑúßõåõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÅöíÌóÇÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÑóÌó ÈöÇáúÅößúÑóÇåö Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö¡ æóÕóÇÑó äöÓúÈóÉõ ãóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóíúåö äöÓúÈóÉó ÍóÑóßóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÚöÔö Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÊóßúáöíÝóåõ Èöåö ÅöíÌóÇÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÊóßúáöíÝö ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ (1) ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ÓóãúÚðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÑõÝöÚó Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ æóãóÇ ÇÓúÊõßúÑöåõæÇ Úóáóíúåö» " (2) ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäúåõ ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúãõÄóÇÎóÐóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãñ áöÑóÝúÚö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö æóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÛóÑóÇãóÇÊö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÌóæóÇÈõåõ ÛóíúÑó ãóÑøóÉò (3) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú áóãú íóäúÊóåö Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÑö Ýóåõæó ãõÎúÊóÇÑñ¡ æóÊóßúáöíÝõåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÚóÞúáðÇ æóÔóÑúÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÎóÇØöÆõ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõßóáøöÝò ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãõÎúØöÆñ¡ æóáöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÑõÝöÚó Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÇáúÎóØóÃõ æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäõ» " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö¡ ÝóäóÝóÇåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõäóÇ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÂÎóÑõæäó.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ÃõÑöíÏó ÈößóæúäöåóÇ ãõßóáøóÝóÉð Èöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÒóæóÇáö ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö¡ Ýóåõæó ÍóÞøñ æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõßóáøóÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö ÍóÇáó ÇáúÍóíúÖö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Ýöíåö.
(2) ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ËóæúÈóÇäó.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÍúßõæãö Úóáóíúåö.(1/154)
ÝöÚúáóåóÇ áöáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÍóíúÖö ÍóÑóÇãñ æóãóäúåöíøñ Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èöåö áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÖóÇÏøö ÇáúãõãúÊóäöÚö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÕøóæúãõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ Ýóáöãó æóÌóÈó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÞóÖóÇÄõåõ¿
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÈöÃóãúÑò ãõÌóÏøöÏò ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÃóãúÑðÇ ÓóÇÈöÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ Óõãøöíó ÞóÖóÇÁð áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇÓúÊöÏúÑóÇßö ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÓóÈóÈõ æõÌõæÈöåö ãöäó ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ æóáóãú íóÌöÈú áöãóÇäöÚö ÇáúÍóíúÖö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÑúßö åóáú íóÚúáóãõ ßóæúäóåõ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ (1) .
Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝó ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÑúßö åóáú íóÚúáóãõ ßóæúäóåõ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö Ãóãú áóÇ¿ æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑõ æóÇáúÂãöÑõ áóåõ ÌóÇåöáðÇ áöÚóÇÞöÈóÉö ÃóãúÑöåö æóÃóäøóåõ íóÊóãóßøóäõ ÈöãóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ßóÃóãúÑö ÇáÓøóíøöÏö áöÚóÈúÏöåö ÈöÎöíóÇØóÉö ÇáËøóæúÈö Ýöí ÇáúÛóÏö.
æóãóÍóáøõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÂãöÑõ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÚóÇÞöÈóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö¡ ßóÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö áöÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÇáúÛóÏö.
ÝóÃóËúÈóÊó Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÇáúÌóãøõ ÇáúÛóÝöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö æóÇáäøóåúíó Úóäö ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ãóÚó Ìóåúáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÈöÚóÇÞöÈóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÍóÞøõÞöåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÞóÈúáó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÈóÇáöÛò ÚóÇÞöáò ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÇÊö ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäö ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöãøóÇ ÃõãöÑó Èöåö æóäõåöíó Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íõÚóÏøõ ãõÊóÞóÑøöÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÒúãö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÔøõÑõæÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö Ýöí ÃóæúÞóÇÊöåóÇ ÈöäöíøóÉö ÇáúÝóÑúÖö æóÃóäøó ÇáúãóÇäöÚó áóåõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÍóÈúÓö æóÇáÕøóÏøö Úóäú ÝöÚúáöåóÇ ÂËöãñ ÚóÇÕò ÈöÕóÏøöåö Úóäö ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö Çáäøóåúíö æóÇáúÃóãúÑö ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö áóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö ÇáúãõÖóíøöÞóÉö¡ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÊóãóÇãö ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÖóÇÁö ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÇáúÂÑóÇÁö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö æóÇáúÃóÕúáó ÇáøóÐöí Èóäóì Úóáóíúåö ÑóÃúíóåõ Ýöí ãõÓóæøóÏóÉö Âáö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó ÂÎöÑó ãóÈóÇÍöËö ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö Õ 52 - 53 - 54 - 63 - 64 - 65 ÇáØøóÈúÚóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì " ãóØúÈóÚóÉõ ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö ".(1/155)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó áóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÔóÑúØò ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúæõÞõæÚö¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó æõÞõæÚõåõ ÍóÇáöíøðÇ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Õõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÂáöíøðÇ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Õõãú Åöäú ÕóÚöÏóÊö ÇáÔøóãúÓõ ÛóÏðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÚúáõæãó ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: Õõãú Åöäö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáÖøöÏøóÇäö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ Èóáö ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóãúÑñ ãóÔúÑõæØñ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÚúáöíÞõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÔóÑúØò ãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáò ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúØó áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ãóÚó ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö Ãóæú ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÕöíÛóÉõ ÇÝúÚóáú ÝóáóíúÓó ÈöÃóãúÑò áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚóÇáöãñ ÈöÚóæóÇÞöÈö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÊóãóßøõäö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ãöãøóÇ ßõáøöÝó Èöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Èöåö Ýóåõæó ÃóãúÑõ ÌóÒúãò áóÇ ÔóÑúØó Ýöíåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö Êóãóßøõäöåö ãöãøóÇ Þöíáó áóåõ: ÇÝúÚóáúåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ ÊóÝúÚóáúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÃóãúÑðÇ æóáóÇ äóåúíðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúÃóãúÑõ æóÇáäøóåúíõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ áöÊóÌúæöíÒöåö ÚóÏóãó ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäõ Ýöí Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈó ãöäó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÈóÞóÇÄõåõ æóÊóãóßøõäõåõ¡ áóÇ Úóáóì íóÞöíäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÊóÚúáöíÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÔóÑúØò ãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúæõÞõæÚö Ãóæö ÇáöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöíåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõ ÊóßúáöíÝó ãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáúÂãöÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ ÃóãúÑõ ÇáÓøóíøöÏö áöÚóÈúÏöåö ÈöÝöÚúáö ÔóíúÁò Ýöí ÇáúÛóÏö ãóÚó Úöáúãöåö ÈöÑóÝúÚö Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÛóÏö Úóäúåõ¡ ÇÓúÊöÕúáóÇÍðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö ÈöÇÓúÊöÚúÏóÇÏöåö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö áöáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÃóãúÑö ÓóíøöÏöåö¡ æóÇÔúÊöÛóÇáöåö ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ãóÚóÇÕöíåö Ãóæö ÇãúÊöÍóÇäöåö ÈöãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóãóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúÈöÔúÑö æóÇáúßóÑóÇåóÉö ÍóÊøóì íõËöíÈóåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ æóíõÚóÇÞöÈóåõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ áóÇ áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäö ÈöãóÇ ÃóãóÑóåõ Èöåö Ãóæö ÇáöÇäúÊöåóÇÁö ÚóãøóÇ äóåóÇåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÚúÞõæáðÇ ãõÝöíÏðÇ¡ Ãóãúßóäó ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÈóÇÑöí ÊóÚóÇáóì.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáúÃóãúÑö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑðÇ Úóäúåõ ãõÓóáøóãñº áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÈöÏõæäö ÔóÑúØöåö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóÑúØó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑó Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóåõæó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö(1/156)
áóíúÓó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÞöíóÇãöåö ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó ÈöÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÔóÑúØö æõÌõæÏöåö Úóäú æõÌõæÏöåö Èóáú åõæó ÔóÑúØõ ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö.
æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ áóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÊóÍóÞøõÞõåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö ßóãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó æóÇáäøóåúíó ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóæóÌóÈó Íóãúáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð áóÇ Úóáóì Ùóäøö æóÌõæÏöåö ; áöÃóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÇáúÎóØóÅö Ýöí ÇáÙøóäøö ÞóÇÆöãñ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ Ýóãóäú ÃóÝúÓóÏó (1) Õóæúãó ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÈöÇáúæöÞóÇÚö Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó Ãóæú Ìõäøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáäøóåóÇÑö¡ æóÌóÈóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúßóÝøóÇÑóÉõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÞóæúáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö áóÇ ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÌöÈõ ÈöÅöÝúÓóÇÏö Õóæúãò æóÇÌöÈò áóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõ áöáöÇäúÞöØóÇÚö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãö¡ áóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö æóæõÌõæÈöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖö ÇáÔøõÑõæÚõ Ýöí Õóæúãö íóæúãò Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÍöíÖõ Ýöíåö æóÃóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÔóÑóÚóÊú Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö Ãóæö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóíúäö ÝóÒóæúÌóÊöí ØóÇáöÞñ¡ Ëõãøó ÔóÑóÚóÊú æóãóÇÊó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÆöåóÇ ÍóäöËó¡ æóáóÒöãóåõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ßõáøõ ãóÇ íóÑöÏõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÈöíáö.
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(1) ÔõÑõæÚñ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ËóãóÑóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö.(1/157)
[ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö]
[ãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö]
ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåö æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÉò æóÃõÕõæáò ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÝóÝöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö.
ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÍóÏøó ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÇäúÞöÓóÇãóåõ Åöáóì ÚóÞúáöíøò æóÔóÑúÚöíøò.
æóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÛóÑóÖöäóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Èóáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö.
æóÇáúãõÓóãøóì ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÕóÍöíÍñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö æóÅöáóì ãóÇ Ùõäøó Ãóäøóåõ Ïóáöíáñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ßóÐóáößó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóåõæó ÎóãúÓóÉõ ÃóäúæóÇÚò.
æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÑöÏðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ãóæú áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ íõÊúáóì¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÊúáóì.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ íõÊúáóì Ýóåõæó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÊúáóì Ýóåõæó ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ.
æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÑöÏðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÔúÊóÑóØó Ýöíåö ÚöÕúãóÉõ ãóäú ÕóÏóÑó Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÕõæÑóÊõåõ ÈöÍóãúáö ãóÚúáõæãò Úóáóì ãóÚúáõæãò Ýöí Íõßúãò ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÌóÇãöÚò¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ.
æóßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö¡ Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ áöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÚöäúÏóäóÇ Èöåö.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÝöíåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÇáúãõÔóÑøöÚö áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ãõÎúÈöÑóÉñ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÍõßúãöåö¡ æóãõÓúÊóäóÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóÑóÇÌöÚñ ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ¡ ÝóÍóÇÕöáõåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöãóÚúÞõæáö ÇáäøóÕøö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÃóÕúáñ¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÝóÑúÚñ ÊóÇÈöÚñ áóåõãóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ Ùõäøó Ãóäøóåõ Ïóáöíáñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÏóáöíáò¡ ÝóßóÔóÑúÚö ãóäú ÞóÈúáóäóÇ æóãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÍúÓóÇäö æóÇáúãõÕúáöÍóÉö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö.(1/158)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ãöãøóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÏóáöíáðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ]
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÚúäóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö äóÞúáðÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ æóÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýåæ ÍõÌøóÉñ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ãöãøóÇ íõÓóãøóì ÏóáöíáðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ
æóáóãøóÇ ÈóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóäúæóÇÚò¡ ÝóÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ãõÎúÊóÕøñ Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ãõÔúÊóÑóßñ ÈóíúäóåóÇ.
ÝóáúäóÑúÓõãú Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåöíó ÓöÊøóÉõ ÃõÕõæáò.
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ãóÚúäóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÇáúÃóæúáóì ÈöÊóÞúÏöíãö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöíåö (1) ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöíåö: åõæó ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ Èóíúäó ÏóÝøóÊóíö ÇáúãõÕúÍóÝö ÈöÇáúÃóÍúÑõÝö ÇáÓøóÈúÚóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑóÉö äóÞúáðÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóÝöíåö äóÙóÑñ.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúßöÊóÇÈö Óöæóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúãõäóÒøóáö ÚóáóíúäóÇ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÌöÈúÑöíáó¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÌóåúáõäóÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö ÅöáóíúäóÇ æóÚóÏóãö ÚöáúãöäóÇ Èößóæúäöåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÊóæóÇÊõÑöåö¡ æóÚöáúãõäóÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÃúÎõæÐò Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÃóÎúÐõåõ Ýöí ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ åõæó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÇáúãõäóÒøóáõ.
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúãõäóÒøóáóÉö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö æóÇáúÅöäúÌöíáö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßõÊõÈðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóáóíúÓóÊú åöíó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúãóÚúåõæÏó áóäóÇ ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö Ýöí ÔóÑúÚöäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÇáøóÐöí äóÍúäõ ÈöÕóÏóÏö ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáúãõäóÒøóáö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÊúáõæøò.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáúãõäóÒøóáö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈößöÊóÇÈò¡ Èóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ åõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáúãõÚóÈøöÑõ Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÝúÓóÇäöíøö¡ (2) æóáöÐóáößó áóãú äóÞõáú åõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ æóáóãú äóÞõáú åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóáóãú äóÞõáú åõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ íõÎúÑöÌõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÂíóÉó æóÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÉð.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÈóíóÇäõ æóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæúáóæöíøóÉö ÚóÞöÈó ÐößúÑöåö ÃóÞúÓóÇãó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 153.(1/159)
æóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö (1) ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝöíãóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö æóåöíó ÎóãúÓõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì (2) ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö äóÞúáðÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ äõÞöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäúåõ ÂÍóÇÏðÇ ßóãõÕúÍóÝö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÛóíúÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ åóáú íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÝóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÈóäóì (3) Úóáóíúåö æõÌõæÈó ÇáÊøóÊóÇÈõÚö Ýöí Õóæúãö Çáúíóãöíäö ÈöãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ãõÕúÍóÝöåö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " ÝóÕöíóÇãõ ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò ãõÊóÊóÇÈöÚóÇÊò ".
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö.
æóÍõÌøóÊõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÅöáúÞóÇÁö ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ æóãóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÝõÞõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáö ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæåõ ãöäúåõ.
ÝóÇáÑøóÇæöí áóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÍöÏðÇ Åöäú ÐóßóÑóåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÑúÂäñ Ýóåõæó ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÐúßõÑúåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÑúÂäñ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÑóÏøóÏó Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ãóäóÚó ãöäú æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóÊóÇÈõÚö Ýöí Õóæúãö Çáúíóãöíäö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Þóæúáõßõãú Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöáúÞóÇÁõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Åöáóì ÚóÏóÏò ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó¡ æóßóíúÝó íõãúßöäõ ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÍõÝøóÇÙó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛõæÇ ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áöÞöáøóÊöåöãú¡ æóÃóäøó ÌóãúÚóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó
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(1) ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö Ãóæö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãöäó ÇáúßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÖöÍóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÝúåóãõ ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäúåóÇ ÇáúÃõãøöíøõæäó æóÕöÈúíóÇäõ ÇáúßóÊóÇÊöíÈö¡ æóÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ãóÚó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÛõãõæÖò ÇÍúÊóÇÌõæÇ ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÓõÄóÇáò æóÌóæóÇÈò¡ æóÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÅöÎúÑóÇÌõåõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÞõíõæÏò¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÛúäóÇåõãú Úóäú Ðóáößó áóßöäøóåóÇ ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúãóäúØöÞöíøóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøóÝóÉõ ÊóÛóáúÛóáóÊú Ýöí äõÝõæÓö ÇáúßóËöíÑö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö: 13 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì¡ ÝóÝöíåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÖóÇÈöØö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ ãóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Èöåö ãöäú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ Èöåö ãöäú Ðóáößó.
(3) ÈóíóÇäñ áöËóãóÑóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÝöí æóÇáúãõËúÈöÊö.(1/160)
ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÊóáóÞøöí ÂÍóÇÏö ÂíóÇÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ãóÕóÇÍöÝõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÃóáúÞóÇåõ Åöáóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÃóäúßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ßóæúäó ÇáúÝóÇÊöÍóÉö æóÇáúãõÚóæøöÐóÊóíúäö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ æõÌõæÈó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÌóãúÚñ ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóäú äóÞúáöåö Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö áöÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåöãú æóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ Ýóáóãú íóÞóÚö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ãöäó Çáúßõáøö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÈöÇáÓøõßõæÊö
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóíóÊóÚóíøóäõ Íóãúáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö áöÐóáößó Ýöí ãõÕúÍóÝöåö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú ãóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ.
ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÌúãóÚò Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóæóÇÊõÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍú Èößóæúäöåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áößóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú (1) íóßõæäõ áößóæúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ æóåõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåö ÞõÑúÂäðÇ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóåõãóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇäö æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáñ æóÇÍöÏñ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó æõÞõæÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáò ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö ÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáò æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÚóíúäöåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÞõÑúÂäò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÈóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ.
ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ßóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ ÑóÇÌöÍñ ; áöÃóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ áóåõ ãõæåöãñ ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö.
æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ áóÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö¡ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóáúÈöíÓö Úóäö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÞöÏö ßóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð ãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö åóáú åõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ Ãóãú áóÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ æõÌõæÈõ ÅöáúÞóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏò ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóãú íõÎóÇáöÝú Ýöíåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÈõáõæÛöåö Åöáóì ãóäú áóãú íõÔóÇåöÏúåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÞóÇØöÚóÉð ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÊóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÈõáõæÛö ÍõÝøóÇÙö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙõ áöÂÍóÇÏö ÂíóÇÊöåö ßóÐóáößó.
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(1) ÓóÞóØó ãöäúåõ ÍóÑúÝõ: áóÇ. æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: æóÃóãúßóäó ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó ÅöáóÎú. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÚúäóì æóÃóãúßóäó ÃóáøóÇ íóßõæäó ÞõÑúÂäðÇ áößóæúäöåö ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ.(1/161)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝõ Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÂíóÇÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ Èóáú Ýöí ÊóÞúÏöíãöåóÇ æóÊóÃúÎöíÑöåóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ æóÝöí ØõæáöåóÇ æóÞöÕóÑöåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú Èöåö ÇáúãóÕóÇÍöÝõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ Ýóåõæó ãöäúåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí æóÖúÚöåóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò áóÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöäúßóÇÑõ ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú áöÅöäúÒóÇáö åóÐöåö ÇáÓøõæóÑö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Èóáú áöÅöÌúÑóÇÆöåóÇ ãõÌúÑóì ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Íõßúãöåö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÅöÐóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò áóãú íóÊøóÝöÞö Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÓõßõæÊó ãóäú ÓóßóÊó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ (1) ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÑóÇãñ (2) áöæõÌõæÈö äóÞúáöåö Úóáóíúåö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Ýóáóæú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÞõÑúÂäñ¡ áóÒöãó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈõ ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöáúÍóÑóÇãö ÈöÇáÓøõßõæÊö.
æóáóæú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÞõÑúÂäò áóãú íóáúÒóãú ãöäúåõ Ðóáößó¡ áóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóáóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóÇßöÊöíäó æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö (3) ÇÑúÊößóÇÈö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò áöáúÍóÑóÇãö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö áóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏó ÈóØóáó Þóæúáõåõãú ÈöÙõåõæÑö ÕöÏúÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ¡ æóÊóÚóíøóäó ÊóÑóÏøõÏõ äóÞúáöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúãóÐúåóÈö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÑóÇÌöÍñ¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó.
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö¡ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóáúÈöíÓö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÎóÈóÑò áóãú íõÕóÑøóÍú Èößóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ßóÐóáößó (4) ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóãúáó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Íóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó Ýöíåö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑöíøóÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.
ßóíúÝó æóÝöíåö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö æóÈóÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÊóÇÈõÚö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãõÞóÇÈöáöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì.
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(1) Ãóíú: ÚóÇÏóÉð.
(2) áóíúÓó ÈöÍóÑóÇãò ; áöÃóäøó äóÞúáóåõ ÝóÑúÖõ ßöÝóÇíóÉò¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÇ ÝóÑøóÚúÊó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö.
(3) Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ æóÊóÞúÏöíÑõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãõÈúÊóÏóÃð æóÎóÈóÑõåõ " Ãóæúáóì ".
(4) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÕóÑøóÍú ÈöäöÓúÈóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ ãóÇ íóÚõãøõ ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉó æóÇáúÞõÏúÓöíøóÉó æóÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÇÊö ÇáøóÊöí äõÞöáóÊú ÂÍóÇÏðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãóÍóáøó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÊöäóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöãóÇ áóãú íõÕóÑøóÍú ÈöäöÓúÈóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøóÉö æóÇáúÞõÏúÓöíøóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉð¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÍõÌøöíøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãóÉò.(1/162)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ åá ÇáÈÓãáÉ ãä ÇáÞÑÂä]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉó ÂíóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåóÇ ÂíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò¡ ÝóäõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÞóæúáóÇäö.
áóßöäøó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ãóäú Íóãóáó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ßõÊöÈóÊú ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóãú áóÇ (1) .
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú Íóãóáó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ åóáú åöíó ÂíóÉñ ÈöÑóÃúÓöåóÇ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò¡ Ãóæú åöíó ãóÚó Ãóæøóáö ÂíóÉò ãöäú ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ÂíóÉñ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÕóÍøõ.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Åöáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ÂíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö.
æóÞóÖóì ÈöÊóÎúØöÆóÉö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÂíóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö¡ áóßöäú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóßúÝöíÑò áóåõ áöÚóÏóãö æõÑõæÏö ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö ÈöÅöäúßóÇÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ áöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú Úóáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÚó Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò.
æóáöÐóáößó äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõ ÎóÊúãó ÓõæÑóÉò¡ æóÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁó ÃõÎúÑóì ÍóÊøóì íóäúÒöáó Úóáóíúåö ÌöÈúÑöíáõ ÈöÈóÓúãö Çááøóåö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáÑøóÍöíãö» "¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÍóíúËõ ÃõäúÒöáóÊú.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÃóäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊõßúÊóÈõ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ÈöÃóãúÑö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõäúßöÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ãóäú ßóÊóÈóåóÇ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ãóÚó ÊóÎóÔøõäöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÊóÍóÑøõÒöåöãú Ýöí ÕöíóÇäóÉö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÚóãøóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäúåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó ÃóæóÇÆöáó ÇáÓøõæóÑö æóÇáÊøóÚúÔöíÑó æóÇáäøóÞúØó.
æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÍóíúËõ ßõÊöÈóÊú ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäúåõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " ÓóÑóÞó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÂíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áóãøóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÞöÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáÓøõæÑóÉö "¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö ãõäúßöÑñ¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò.
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(1) ãóÚúäóÇåõ Ãóãú áóíúÓóÊú ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò.(1/163)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉõ ÂíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò¡ áóãú íóÎúáõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáúÞóØúÚõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæåö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉò Èóáú ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÕúáõÍõ áöáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäú íõÈóíøöäó ßóæúäóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÍóíúËõ ßõÊöÈóÊú ãóÚóåõ ÈóíóÇäðÇ ÔóÇÝöíðÇ ÔóÇÆöÚðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ áöáÔøóßøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóáúíõËúÈöÊö ÇáÊøóÊóÇÈõÚó Ýöí Õóæúãö Çáúíóãöíäö ÈöãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ãõÕúÍóÝöåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö áóãú íóÞóÚú Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóæúäö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÍóÊøóì íõÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáúÞóØúÚõ Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí æóÖúÚöåóÇ ÂíóÉð Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæóÑö æóÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÔúÊóÑóØò Ýöíåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóßúÝöíÑò ãöäú ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÎóÕúãóíúäö áöáúÂÎóÑö¡ ßóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóãóÞóÇÏöíÑöåóÇ (1) .
Þóæúáõåõãú ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó ÈóíóÇäðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ áöáÔøóßøö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóáóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö áóÈóíøóäó Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈóíóÇäðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ áöáÔøóßøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚóæøõÐö¡ Èóáú Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉó ãóßúÊõæÈóÉñ ÈöÎóØøö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò æóãõäóÒøóáóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÚó Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæåöãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÚó Úöáúãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÐóáößó æóÞõÏúÑóÊöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÊøóÚóæøõÐö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ßõáøõ ãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýóåõæó ãõäúÍóÕöÑñ íõãúßöäõ ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÍóÕöÑò¡ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóáöåóÐóÇ Þöíáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÈóíóÇäö ãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ïõæäó ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
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(1) ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉó ÈóÚúÖõ ÂíóÉò ãöäú ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈóÊöåóÇ Èóíúäó ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÊóíúäö Óöæóì ãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóäúÝóÇáö æóÈóÑóÇÁóÉó¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ äõÞöáóÊú ßöÊóÇÈóÉð äóÞúáðÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÞõÑúÂäöíøóÊöåóÇ ÝóÞóØú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóæúÖöÚò ßõÊöÈóÊú Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÓõæÑóÊóíúäö áóÇ Ýöí äóÞúáöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ËõÈõæÊöåóÇ ÞõÑúÂäðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ¡ æóáöÐóÇ áóãú íõßóÝøöÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóãú íõÝóÓøöÞúåõ Èóáú ÎóØøóÃóåõ ÝóÞóØú. æóÐóßóÑó ÇÈúäõ ÊóíúãöíøóÉó Úóäú ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÍóÞñ ; ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÂíóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ãóäú ÝóÕóáó ÈöåóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõæÑóÊóíúäö¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÂíóÉð ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ãóäú áóãú íóÝúÕöáú Èóíúäó ÇáÓøõæÑóÊóíúäö.(1/164)
ÞõáúäóÇ: äóÍúäõ áóãú äõæÌöÈú ÈóíóÇäó ßõáøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈúäóÇ ÈóíóÇäó ãóÇ íóÓúÈöÞõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÝúåóÇãö Ãóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãöäúåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÍóÕöÑñ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö ãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ (1) ãöäú æóÖúÚö (2) ßóæúäö ÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö ÂíóÉð ãóÚó Ãóæøóáö ßõáøö ÓõæÑóÉò ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáÙøóäøö.
æóÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó ßóæúäõåóÇ ÂíóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö Çáäøóãúáö ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó (3) ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÊóÇÈõÚö ãóÚó ÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú íóËúÈõÊú ßóæúäõåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ÞóØúÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÙóäøðÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì ÂíóÇÊò ãõÍúßóãóÉò æóãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÉò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ (4)
ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì ÂíóÇÊò ãõÍúßóãóÉò æóãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÉò Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãöäúåõ ÂíóÇÊñ ãõÍúßóãóÇÊñ åõäøó Ãõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÃõÎóÑõ ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÇÊñ} (5)
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÍúßóãõ ÝóÃóÕóÍøõ ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöíåö ÞóæúáóÇäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÍúßóãó ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóÇäúßóÔóÝó ßóÔúÝðÇ íõÒöíáõ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáó æóíóÑúÝóÚõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáó¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõ áóåõ ãóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖó Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí ßóÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÌúãóáóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúãõØóáøóÞóÇÊõ íóÊóÑóÈøóÕúäó ÈöÃóäúÝõÓöåöäøó ËóáóÇËóÉó ÞõÑõæÁò} ¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáöåö Òóãóäó ÇáúÍóíúÖö æóÇáØøõåúÑö Úóáóì ÇáÓøóæöíøóÉö.
æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ãóæú íóÚúÝõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÈöíóÏöåö ÚõÞúÏóÉõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö} áöÊóÑóÏøõÏöåö Èóíúäó ÇáÒøóæúÌö æóÇáúæóáöíøö.
æóÞóæúáöåö: {Ãóæú áóÇãóÓúÊõãõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó} áöÊóÑóÏøõÏöåö Èóíúäó ÇááøóãúÓö ÈöÇáúíóÏö æóÇáúæóØúÁö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí ßóÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÙóÇåöÑõåõ ãõæåöãñ áöáÊøóÔúÈöíåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÝúÊóÞöÑñ
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈñ ÚóãøóÇ ÝóÑøóÚóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøöÞøö ÇáËøóÇäöí (æóåõæó ÚóÏóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáúÞóØúÚö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÞõÑúÂäöíøóÉö ÇáúÈóÓúãóáóÉö) ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÊóÊóÇÈõÚö ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ßóÝøóÇÑóÉö Çáúíóãöíäö.
(2) ßóáöãóÉõ: æóÖóÚò¡ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ.
(3) ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑõ ÇáúãõÄóæøóáõ ÝóÇÚöáõ íóáúÒóãõ
(4) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÈúÍóËó ÇáúãõÍúßóãö æóÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÏúãõÑöíøóÉö
(5) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò¡ æóÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö.(1/165)
Åöáóì ÊóÃúæöíáò ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÈúÞóì æóÌúåõ ÑóÈøößó} ¡ {æóäóÝóÎúÊõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÑõæÍöí} ¡ {ãöãøóÇ ÚóãöáóÊú ÃóíúÏöíäóÇ} ¡ {Çááøóåõ íóÓúÊóåúÒöÆõ Èöåöãú} ¡ {æóãóßóÑõæÇ æóãóßóÑó Çááøóåõ} ¡ {æóÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊõ ãóØúæöíøóÇÊñ Èöíóãöíäöåö} ¡ æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäó ÇáúßöäóÇíóÇÊö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõÄóæøóáóÉö ÈöÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊò ãõäóÇÓöÈóÉò áöÃóÝúåóÇãö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö (1) .
æóÅöäøóãóÇ Óõãøöíó ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåðÇ áöÇÔúÊöÈóÇåö ãóÚúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÍúßóãó ãóÇ ÇäúÊóÙóãó æóÊóÑóÊøóÈó Úóáóì æóÌúåò íõÝöíÏõ ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÃúæöíáò¡ Ãóæú ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóäóÇÞõÖò æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝò Ýöíåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõ áóåõ ãóÇ ÝóÓóÏó äóÙúãõåõ æóÇÎúÊóáøó áóÝúÙõåõ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ áóÇ ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÑõÈøóãóÇ Þöíáó: ÇáúãõÍúßóãõ ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Íõßúãõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍóáóÇáö æóÇáúÍóÑóÇãö¡ æóÇáúæóÚúÏö æóÇáúæóÚöíÏö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÇáúãõÊóÔóÇÈöåõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöÕóÕö æóÇáúÃóãúËóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ ÚóãøóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ Ãóåúáõ ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÚóäú ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉö ÇááøóÝúÙö áóåõ áõÛóÉð.
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(1) áöáøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ æóÌúåñ æóíóãöíäñ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÌóáóÇáöåö¡ ÝóÅöÓúäóÇÏõåõãóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ Ýöíåö. æóíóØúæöí ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ ÇáÓøóãóÇæóÇÊö Èöíóãöíäöåö¡ æóíóÌöíÁõ åõæó äóÝúÓõåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈößóãóÇáöåö¡ æóÌóÇÁó ÅöÓúäóÇÏõ ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ãóÚúåõæÏö ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýöí ßóáóÇãöåöãú¡ æóÊóÚúÈöíÑöåöãú ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó Úóäú ÈóÞóÇÁö ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÕöÝóÇÊöåö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊöåúÒóÇÁõ Çááøóåö æóãóßúÑõåõ Èöãóäö ÇÓúÊóåúÒóÃó ÈöÃóæúáöíóÇÆöåö¡ æóÓóÎöÑó ãöäúåõãú æóãóßúÑõåõ Èöåöãú ÍóÞøñ Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóáöíÞõ Èöåö ãóÚó ßóãóÇáö Úöáúãò ÈöãóÇ ÏóÈøóÑó¡ æóÅöÍúßóÇãò áóåõ æóÚóÏúáò Ýöíåö æóÞõÏúÑóÉò Úóáóì ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö ÈöÏõæäöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÚöÈóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóßúÑöåöãú¡ æóÊóÏúÈöíÑöåöãú ÞõÕõæÑñ æóÖóÚúÝñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóäúÝöíÐö¡ æóÌóæúÑñ Ýöí ÇáúÎõÕõæãö¡ æóÚóÌúÒñ Úóäö ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇãö ÈöÏõæäöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÚöäóÇíóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö æóÊóÓúÏöíÏò áöÚóÈúÏöåö.
Ýóãóäú ÎóØóÑó ÈöÝößúÑöåö ÚöäúÏó ÊöáóÇæóÉö äõÕõæÕö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãõåóÇ Ãóæú ÅöíåóÇãõ ÙóÇåöÑöåóÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöÇááøóåö ãöäú ÊóÔúÈöíåò ÈöÎóáúÞöåö ÝóÐóáößó ãöäú ÓóÞóãö ÝößúÑöåö¡ æóæõÞõæÝöåö ÚöäúÏó ãóÚúåõæÏö ÍöÓøöåö¡ æóÞöíóÇÓöåö ÑóÈøóåõ Úóáóì ÎóáúÞöåö¡ áóÇ ãöäú ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÑóÓõæáöåö ÝóÔóÈøóåó ÃóæøóáðÇ. æóÙóäøó ÇáÓøõæúÁó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÈöÑóÓõæáöåö æóäõÕõæÕö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ËóÇäöíðÇ¡ ÝóÇÚúÊóÞóÏó Ãóäøó ÙóÇåöÑó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÚóäúåõãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö¡ æóÇÌúÊóåóÏó Ýöí ÊóÍúÑöíÝöåóÇ Úóäú ãóæóÇÖöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÊóÃúæöíáöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö æóÌúåöåóÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ¡ Ïõæäó ÈóíøöäóÉò ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóåúÏöíåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞó¡ ÝóÇäúÊóåóì Èöåö ÇáÊøóÚóÓøõÝõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÚúØöíáö¡ æóäóÝúíö ãóÇ ÑóÖöíóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÑóÖöíóåõ áóåõ ÑóÓõæáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÊóÚóÇáóì Çááøóåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÚõáõæøðÇ ßóÈöíÑðÇ(1/166)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇÔúÊöãóÇáõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇÔúÊöãóÇáõåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö áößóæúäöåö åóÐóíóÇäðÇ æóäóÞúÕðÇ íóÊóÚóÇáóì ßóáóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÈøö Úóäúåõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöãóäú áóÇ íõÄúÈóåõ áóåõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ Ðóáößó æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ¿ ßóÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö ÇáøóÊöí Ýöí ÃóæóÇÆöáö ÇáÓøõæÑö¡ ÅöÐú åöíó ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÖõæÚóÉò Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö áöãóÚúäðì¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóíóæúãóÆöÐò áóÇ íõÓúÃóáõ Úóäú ÐóäúÈöåö ÅöäúÓñ æóáóÇ ÌóÇäøñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÝóæóÑóÈøößó áóäóÓúÃóáóäøóåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó} ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó ÝöíåóÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÕöíóÇãõ ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóíøóÇãò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö æóÓóÈúÚóÉò ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚúÊõãú Êöáúßó ÚóÔóÑóÉñ ßóÇãöáóÉñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: (ßóÇãöáóÉñ) ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏò áöãóÚúäðì.
æóßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöÐóÇ äõÝöÎó Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑö äóÝúÎóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÇ ÊóÊøóÎöÐõæÇ Åöáóåóíúäö ÇËúäóíúäö} Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÍõÑõæÝõ ÇáúãõÚúÌóãö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåóÇ¡ Èóáú åöíó ÃóÓóÇãöí ÇáÓøõæÑö æóãõÚóÑøöÝóÉñ áóåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÌöåóÉö ÇáÓøóáúÈö æóÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö æóÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóÒóãóÇäõ ÅöíÌóÇÈöåö æóÓóáúÈöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊøóÍöÏò Èóáú ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÇÊõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýóåöíó áöáÊøóÃúßöíÏö áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÞõæáóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ.
æóÐóáößó ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÊóÃúæöíáóåõ ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö íóÞõæáõæäó ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö} ¡ æóÇáúæóÇæõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö} ¡ áóíúÓóÊú áöáúÚóØúÝö æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÖøóãöíÑõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÞõæáõæäó ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö ßõáøñ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÑóÈøöäóÇ} ÚóÇÆöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö.
æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ÇáÑøóÈøõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áóåõãú.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì ÇáúíóÏö æóÇáúíóãöíäö æóÇáúæóÌúåö æóÇáÑøõæÍö æóãóßúÑö Çááøóåö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÑúÔö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúãõæáò Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãóÝúåõæãñ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäúåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò.(1/167)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ßóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö Ýóåõæó ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÌóãö ãóÝúåõæãñ áóåõãú (1) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ (2) .¡ ÌóæøóÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãóÇ áóåõ ãóÚúäðì æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáúãõÎóÇØóÈö æóáóÇ ÈóíóÇäó áóåõ (3) .¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ áößóæúäöåö åóÐóíóÇäðÇ.
æóãóäú áóãú íõÌóæøöÒö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ ãóäóÚó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ áößóæúäöåö ÊóßúáöíÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ¡ æóáöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöáäøóÇÓö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ßóæúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ãóÝúåõæãò.
æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {åóÐóÇ ÈóíóÇäñ áöáäøóÇÓö} æóáöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÌõÑøõ Åöáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõËõæÞö ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÑóÓõæáöåö¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑò ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäúåõ.
æóÐóáößó ãõÈúØöáñ áöáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
æóÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÇæó ÝöíåóÇ áöáúÚóØúÝö (4) .¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÖøóãöíÑó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {íóÞõæáõæäó ÂãóäøóÇ Èöåö} æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑðÇ (5) . Ýöí ÇáúÚóæúÏö Åöáóì ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÚúÏó Ýöí ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö ÈöÅöÎúÑóÇÌö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõ¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ÇáúãõÍöíáö áöÚóæúÏö ÇáÖøóãöíÑö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóßõáøõåóÇ ßöäóÇíóÇÊñ æóÊóÌóæøõÒóÇÊñ ãóÝúåõæãóÉñ áöáúÚóÑóÈö ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ÕóÇÑöÝóÉò ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÇÊö (6)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáÇÎÊáÇÝ Ýí ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉò æóßóáöãóÇÊò ÛóíúÑö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóáóì ÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉò æóßóáöãóÇÊò ÛóíúÑö ÚóÑóÈöíøóÉò.
æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞúÕóíúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÝöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì Ýöí " ÇáúãóÈóÇÏöÆö ÇááøõÛóæöíøóÉö ".
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(1) ÂíóÇÊõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÅöäú áóãú íóÝúåóãúåóÇ ÇáúÚóÌóãõ¡ æóãóäú Ýöí Íõßúãöåöãú ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉñ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÝúåóãõæåóÇ ÈöÊóÝúÓöíÑöåóÇ áóåõãú ÈöáõÛóÊöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÚóíúÈõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú Ýöí ÊóÕóæøõÑöåöãú.
(2) 8 ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ: 151¡ æóÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÚóÞúáðÇ ãóäóÚó æõÞõæÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇáö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ æóáöÐóÇÊöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÃóÊøóì ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Ýöí äõÕõæÕö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ: 151¡ æóÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÚóÞúáðÇ ãóäóÚó æõÞõæÚó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÇáö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ æóáöÐóÇÊöåö ÔóÑúÚðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÃóÊøóì ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Ýöí äõÕõæÕö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö
(4) ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÕóÍöíÍñ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóØúÝö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúäóÇÝö¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÏúãõÑöíøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó¡ æóÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ßóËöíÑò
(5) áóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ýöí ÚóæúÏö ÖóãöíÑö¡ íóÞõæáõæäó: Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÇÓöÎöíäó¡ Èóáú åöíó ÕóÑöíÍóÉñ Ýöí ÚóæúÏöåö Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÇÓöÎöíäó ; áöÃóäøó ÌõãúáóÉó " ßõáøñ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÑóÈøöäóÇ " ãöäú ãóÞõæáö ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóáóÇ íóÊóÃóÊøóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäó Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÇÓöÎöíäó¡ ËóäóÇÁð Úóáóíúåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãõÓúÊóÛúäöíðÇ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäöåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóì Ðóáößó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÚóÞúáö ßóÇäó ãöäú ÊóÖóÇÝõÑö ÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö
(6) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ: 166.(1/168)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö]
[ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ]
ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö
æóåöíó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉö¡ ÝóÓõäøóÉõ ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ãóÇ ÚõåöÏóÊú ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉõ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúÅößúËóÇÑõ ãöäúåõ¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÍóãöíÏóÉö Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÞóÏú ÊõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö äóÇÝöáóÉð ãóäúÞõæáóÉð Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÞóÏú ÊõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÕóÏóÑó Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÊúáõæøò¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ãõÚúÌöÒñ æóáóÇ ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚõ åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÈöÇáúÈóíóÇäö åóÇåõäóÇ¡ æóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáõåõ æóÊóÞóÇÑöíÑõåõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö æóÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÌöåóÇÊö ÏóáóÇáóÊöåóÇ ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÅöíÖóÇÍõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö ÈöÈóíóÇäö ãóÇ ÊóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáóÉõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉõ.
æóáúíóßõäö ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ åóÇåõäóÇ ãóÎúÕõæÕðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÎõÕøõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóÇáÊøóÞóÇÑöíÑö¡ æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö æóÎóãúÓö ãóÓóÇÆöáó.
ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì (1) .
Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÔóÑúÍö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó æóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí æóãóÇ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉõ ßóÈöíÑóÉð ßóÇäóÊú Ãóæú ÕóÛöíÑóÉð¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÞúáðÇ ÅöÑúÓóÇáõ ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó æóÂãóäó ÈóÚúÏó ßõÝúÑöåö.
æóÐóåóÈóÊö ÇáÑøóæóÇÝöÖõ Åöáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ãöäúåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ åóÖúãóåõãú Ýöí ÇáäøõÝõæÓö æóÇÍúÊöÞóÇÑóåõãú æóÇáäøõÝúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÍößúãóÉö ãöäú ÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóæóÇÝóÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ßöÊóÇÈó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÇÊö Õ 166 æÌ 2 ãöäú ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó(1/169)
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÓóãúÚó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóÚúËóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÚóÞúáõ ÏóáóÇáóÊõåõ ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúÍößúãóÉö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ ãöãøóÇ ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö ÞóÇØöÈóÉð Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäú ÊóÚóãøõÏö ßõáøö ãóÇ íõÎöáøõ ÈöÕöÏúÞöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÏóáøóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåöãú Ýöíåö ãöäú ÏóÚúæóì ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåöãú ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö¡ ÝóãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõäóÇÞóÖóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉö.
æóÌóæøóÒóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö æóÝóáóÊóÇÊö ÇááøöÓóÇäö ÛóíúÑõ ÏóÇÎöáò ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÇáúÞóæúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝöÚúáöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áöáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäúåóÇ ßõÝúÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Èóíúäó ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö Ýöí ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäúåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÃóÒóÇÑöÞóÉö (1) . ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÈóÚúËóÉö äóÈöíøò Úóáöãó Çááøóåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóßúÝõÑõ ÈóÚúÏó äõÈõæøóÊöåö¡ æóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáúÝóÖúáöíøóÉö (2) . ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÖóæúÇ ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøó ÐóäúÈò íõæÌóÏõ Ýóåõæó ßõÝúÑñ ãóÚó ÊóÌúæöíÒöåöãú ÕõÏõæÑó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö Úóäö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ßõÝúÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈößõÝúÑò ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö Ãóæú áóíúÓó ãöäúåóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Óöæóì ÇáúÍóÔúæöíøóÉö (3) . æóãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáúßõÝúÑó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäú ÊóÚóãøõÏöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äöÓúíóÇäò æóáóÇ ÊóÃúæöíáò¡ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó ãõÏúÑößó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚõ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáúãõÍóÞøöÞõæäó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÚóÞúáõ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Úóäú äöÓúíóÇäò Ãóæú ÊóÃúæöíáò ÎóØóÃò¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö Óöæóì ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö.
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(1) ÇáúÃóÒóÇÑöÞóÉõ ÝöÑúÞóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ äõÓöÈõæÇ Åöáóì ÑóÆöíÓöåöãú äóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÇáúÃóÒúÑóÞö ÇáúÍóÑõæÑöíøö¡ ÎóÑóÌó ÂÎóÑó ÃóíøóÇãö íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ æóÞõÊöáó ÓóäóÉó: 65 åÜ
(2) ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÊõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÖúáö Èúäö ÚöíÓóì ÇáÑøóÞóÇÔöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóÏøóåõ ÇáÔøöåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö¡ æóäóÓóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö Åöáóì ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÈóÚöíÏò Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäúåõãóÇ áöÌóãúÚöåö Èóíúäó ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö
(3) Ãóæøóáõ ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÚúãóáó áóÝúÙó: ÇáúÍóÔúæöíøóÉö¡ ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò ÞóÇáó: ßóÇäó ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó ÍóÔúæöíøðÇ. íõÑöíÏõ ÈöÇáúÍóÔúæöíøóÉö ÇáúÃõãøöíøöíäó¡ Ëõãøó ÕóÇÑó ãóäú íõÞóÏøöÓõ ÇáúÚóÞúáó æóíõÄúËöÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÞúáö ßóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö íóÑúãõæäó ÈöåóÇ ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ßóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóäóÍúæöåö ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö(1/170)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈößóÈöíÑóÉò ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍõßúãó Úóáóì ÝóÇÚöáöåö ÈöÇáúÎöÓøóÉö æóÏóäóÇÁóÉö ÇáúåöãøóÉö æóÓõÞõæØö ÇáúãõÑõæÁóÉö¡ ßóÓóÑöÞóÉö ÍóÈøóÉò Ãóæú ßöÓúÑóÉò ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöíåö ßóÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÈöíáö¡ ßóäóÙúÑóÉò Ãóæú ßóáöãóÉö ÓóÝóåò äóÇÏöÑóÉò Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÛóÖóÈò¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö ÚóãúÏðÇ æóÓóåúæðÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÔøöíÚóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúÌöÈóÇÆöíøö (1) æóÇáäøóÙøóÇãö (2) . æóÌóÚúÝóÑò (3) . Èúäö ãõÈóÔøöÑò Ýöí ÇáúÚóãúÏö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÊøóÝóÇÕöíáö ÛóíúÑõ ÈóÇáöÛò ãóÈúáóÛó ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøõäõæäö.
æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ íõÓóÇÚöÏõ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÙøóäøöíøóÉö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóæúÖöÚò ãöäó ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝö ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÒúíöíÝðÇ æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑðÇ ÈöÃóÈúáóÛö ÈóíóÇäò¡ æóÃóæúÖóÍö ÈöÑöåóÇäò Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÇáäøóÇÙöÑö ÇáöÇáúÊöÝóÇÊõ ÅöáóíúåóÇ.
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(1) ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøóÉõ ÃóÊúÈóÇÚõ ÃóÈöí Úóáöíøò ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóåøóÇÈö ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö äöÓúÈóÉð Åöáóì ÈóáóÏöåö¡ æóÊõÓóãøóì ÌöÈóì ÊóÇÈöÚóÉñ áöÎõæÒöÓúÊóÇäó ßóÇäó ÑóÃúÓðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÒóÇáö ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 303 åÜ.
(2) ÇáäøóÙøóÇãõ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ Èúäõ ÓóíøóÇÑò ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøõ ÑóÃúÓõ ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉö ÇáäøóÙøóÇãöíøóÉö ãóÇÊó ãóÇ Èóíúäó: 221¡ 223 åÜ
(3) ÃóÈõæ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ãõÈóÔøöÑò ÚóÏøóåõ ÇáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøõ ãöäú ÑöÌóÇáö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóåõæó æóÌóÚúÝóÑõ Èúäõ ÍóÑúÈò ÒóÚöíãóÇ ÇáúÌóÚúÝóÑöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö(1/171)
[ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö]
ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÅöÐö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ äóÑõæãõåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÈöÇáúÛóíúÑö: ÝóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö: Ýóåõæó Ãóäú ÊóÝúÚóáó ãöËúáó ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÝöÚúáöåö.
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ãöËúáó ÝöÚúáöåö) áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÃóÓøöíó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ßóÇáúÞöíóÇãö æóÇáúÞõÚõæÏö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö) ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉõ Ýöí ÛóÑóÖö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóäöíøóÊöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÃóÓøöíó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝöÚúáóíúäö Ýöí ßóæúäö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÇáúÂÎöÑö áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò æóÅöäö ÇÊøóÍóÏóÊö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉõ.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÝöÚúáöåö) áöÃóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÝöÚúáõ ÔóÎúÕóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö æóÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÌúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ßóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò Ýöí ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö ãóËóáðÇ Ãóæú Õóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÈöÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÈöÇáúÈóÚúÖö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú æóÞóÚó ÝöÚúáõåõ Ýöí ãóßóÇäò Ãóæú ÒóãóÇäò ãóÎúÕõæÕò ÝóáóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóßóÑøóÑó Ãóæú áóãú íóÊóßóÑøóÑú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÉö Èöåö¡ ßóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÈöÚóÑóÝóÇÊò¡ æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÈöÃóæúÞóÇÊöåóÇ æóÕóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ Ýóåõæó ÊóÑúßõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøóÎúÕóíúäö ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Úóáóì æóÌúåöåö æóÕöÝóÊöåö ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÑóßó.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÞõíõæÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ ÝóÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÇáúÞóæúáö åõæó ÇãúÊöËóÇáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ.
æóÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö åõæó ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÈöÚóíúäöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ¡ ÝóãõÔóÇÑóßóÉõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøóÎúÕóíúäö áöáúÂÎóÑö Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö Þóæúáò Ãóæú ÝöÚúáò Ãóæú ÊóÑúßò Ãóæö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö Ðóáößó Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæú áóÇ ãöäú ÃóÌúáöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ÝóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÊóÑúßõ ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÚõÏõæáõ Úóäú ÝöÚúáö ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáúÛóíúÑõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÈöåö.(1/172)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÝóÚóáó ÝöÚúáðÇ æóáóãú íõÌöÈú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöËúáó ÝöÚúáöåö áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ Åöäøóåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÊøóÑúßö.
æóáöÐóáößó áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖõ ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉð ÈöÊóÑúßö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áöÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æõÌõæåõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑúßö.
æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóáúäóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉö ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ åóáú åöíó Ïóáöíáñ áöÔóÑúÚò ãöËúáó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ åóáú åöíó Ïóáöíáñ áöÔóÑúÚò ãöËúáó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÅöáóíúäóÇ Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúÍöÌóÇÌö áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóáúÎöíÕö ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: ÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÌöÈöáøöíøóÉö ßóÇáúÞöíóÇãö æóÇáúÞõÚõæÏö æóÇáúÃóßúáö æóÇáÔøõÑúÈö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöí ßóæúäöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö æóÅöáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó¡ ãöãøóÇ ËóÈóÊó ßóæúäõåõ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÕøöåö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíßö ÈóíúäóäóÇ æóÈóíúäóåõ Ýöíåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÐóáößó ßóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáÖøõÍóì æóÇáúÃóÖúÍóì æóÇáúæöÊóÑö æóÇáÊøóåóÌøõÏö ÈöÇááøóíúáö æóÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö æóÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö áöäöÓóÇÆöåö¡ æóßóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö ÈöÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúæöÕóÇáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö¡ æóÕóÝöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÛúäóãö¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÈúÏóÇÏö (1) ÈöÎõãúÓö ÇáúÎõãúÓö¡ æóÏõÎõæáö ãóßøóÉó ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÍúÑóÇãö¡ æóÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøößóÇÍö Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚö äöÓúæóÉò¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÎóÕóÇÆöÕöåö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ßóæúäõ ÝöÚúáöåö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áóäóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÕóÑöíÍö ãóÞóÇáöåö ßóÞóæúáöåö: " «ÕóáøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí ÃõÕóáøöí» «æóÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» ".
Ãóæú ÈöÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏó áóÝúÙñ ãõÌúãóáñ Ãóæú ÚóÇãøñ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÇáúÎõÕõæÕõ Ãóæú ãõØúáóÞñ ÃõÑöíÏó Èöåö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏõ¡ æóáóãú íõÈóíøöäúåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ Ëõãøó ÝóÚóáó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö ÝöÚúáðÇ ÕóÇáöÍðÇ áöáúÈóíóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÈóíóÇäðÇ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÄóÎøóÑðÇ áöáúÈóíóÇäö Úóäú æóÞúÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÞóØúÚöåö íóÏó ÇáÓøóÇÑöÞö ãöäó ÇáúßõæÚö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÞúØóÚõæÇ ÃóíúÏöíóåõãóÇ} ¡ æóßóÊóíóãøõãöåö
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(1) Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑö ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÈúÏóÇÏö ÌóÝúæóÉñ æóÓõæÁõ ÃóÏóÈò¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(2) Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö äóÙóÑñ ßóÇáúãõÔóÇæóÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊóÏöíó Èöåö ÝöíåóÇ.(1/173)
Åöáóì ÇáúãöÑúÝóÞóíúäö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇãúÓóÍõæÇ ÈöæõÌõæåößõãú æóÃóíúÏöíßõãú} ¡ æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÇáúÈóíóÇäõ ÊóÇÈöÚñ áöáúãõÈóíøóäö Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáäøóÏúÈö æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íóÞúÊóÑöäú Èöåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áöáúÈóíóÇäö áóÇ äóÝúíðÇ æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö Ãóæú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú.
ÝóÅöäú ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóÝöí ÍóÞøöäóÇ¡ ßóÇÈúäö ÓõÑóíúÌò æóÇáúÅöÕúØóÎúÑöíøö¡ æóÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÎóíúÑóÇäó æóÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÕóÇÑó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áöáäøóÏúÈö.
æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ áöáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ãóÇáößò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ßóÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøö æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöíåö Úóáóì äóÍúæö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáäøóÏúÈö Ýöíåö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöãøóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúæóÞúÝõ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ ÃóÞúÑóÈõ.
æóÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú ÌóæøóÒó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÑö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÝöÚúáò áóãú íóÞúÊóÑöäú Èöåö Ïóáöíáñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞõÕöÏó Èöåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÎöØóÇÈò ÓóÇÈöÞò ÝóÅöäú ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö¡ æóåõæó ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö áóÇ ÛóíúÑó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉó æóåöíó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö Ýöí ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö ÎóÇÑöÌóÉñ Úóäúåõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ æóåõæó ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ áóÇ ÛóíúÑó æóßóÐóáößó Úóäú ÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (1) ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö ; ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉó ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö¡ æóÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ïóáöíáñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóíúåö.
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(1) Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÃóãøóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÝóÃóãøóÇ.(1/174)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ãöäó ÇáÐøóãøö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö Çááøóæúãö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÝóãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö Ýóåõæó¡ æóÅöäú ÌóæøóÒúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝöÚúáó ÇáÕøóÛöíÑóÉö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó æõÞõæÚöåóÇ ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÚõÏõæáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó äóÇÏöÑñ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
Èóáö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÏõÎõæáöåö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ÃóÛúáóÈõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉð æóáóÇ ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóßõáøõ ÝöÚúáò áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ Èóíúäó Çáúßõáøö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ïóáöíáñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ æóÇáäøóÏúÈõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ãöäú ÊóÑóÌøõÍö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö ÝóãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöíåö.
åóÐóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃõãøóÊöåöº ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõÕøó Úóäúåõãú ÈöÎóÕóÇÆöÕó áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõæäóåõ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÇÏöÑóÉñ¡ Èóáú ÃóäúÏóÑõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÏöÑö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÅöáøóÇ æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÅöÏúÑóÇÌðÇ áöáäøóÇÏöÑö ÊóÍúÊó ÇáúÃóÚóãøö ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈö ÝóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãõÔóÇÑóßóÉõ ÃóÙúåóÑõ.
æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö æóÊóÞúÑöíÑö ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÔõÈóåö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó¡ æóæóÌúåö ÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáö ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøóÕøö¡ Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ æóÇÊøóÞõæÇ} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåö¡ æóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ ÇãúÊöËóÇáõ ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäõ ÈöãöËúáö ÝöÚúáöåö.
æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáúíóÍúÐóÑö ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÎóÇáöÝõæäó Úóäú ÃóãúÑöåö} ÍóÐøóÑó ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÃóãúÑöåö æóÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑõ Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóÇÓúãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ(1/175)
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúãó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáúÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
ÝóßóÇäó ãõÊóäóÇæöáðÇ áöáúÝöÚúáö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÂÊóÇßõãõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÝóÎõÐõæåõ} ¡ æóÝöÚúáõåõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Èöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Èöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÃõÓúæõÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ áöãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúÌõæ Çááøóåó æóÇáúíóæúãó ÇáúÂÎöÑó} ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÒóÌúÑñ Ýöí Øóíøö ÃóãúÑò.
æóÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõ: ãóäú ßóÇäó íõÄúãöäõ ÈöÇááøóåö æóÈöÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö¡ Ýóáóåõ Ýöíåö ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÊóÃóÓøó Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÈöÇááøóåö æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö¡ æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæäöí} ¡ æóãóÍóÈøóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÇÌöÈóÉñ æóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóÇÒöãóÉñ áöãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇááøóÇÒöãö ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöØóÇÚóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóãóäú ÃóÊóì ÈöãöËúáö ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö Úóáóì ÞóÕúÏö ÅöÚúÙóÇãöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ãõØöíÚñ áóåõ æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÖóì ÒóíúÏñ ãöäúåóÇ æóØóÑðÇ ÒóæøóÌúäóÇßóåóÇ áößóíú áóÇ íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍóÑóÌñ Ýöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÃóÏúÚöíóÇÆöåöãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóæúÇ ãöäúåõäøó æóØóÑðÇ} æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ÊóÔúÑöíÚñ æóæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóÒúæöíÌõåõ ãõÒöíáðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúÍóÑóÌó Ýöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÃóÏúÚöíóÇÆöåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú «ÎóáóÚõæÇ äöÚóÇáóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö áóãøóÇ ÎóáóÚó äóÚúáóåõ» ¡ ÝóÝóåöãõæÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö áóåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóÞóÑøóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ëõãøó Èóíøóäó áóåõãú ÚöáøóÉó ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ «Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑóåõãú ÈöÝóÓúÎö ÇáúÍóÌøö Åöáóì ÇáúÚõãúÑóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóÝúÓóÎú.¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: " ãóÇ áóßó ÃóãóÑúÊóäóÇ ÈöÝóÓúÎö ÇáúÍóÌøö æóáóãú ÊóÝúÓóÎú» " ÝóÝóåöãõæÇ Ãóäøó Íõßúãóåõãú ßóÍõßúãöåö¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåöãú æóáóãú íóÞõáú: " áöí Íõßúãöí æóáóßõãú Íõßúãõßõãú Èóáú ÃóÈúÏóì ÚõÐúÑðÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö ".
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: Ãóäøóåõ äóåóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó Úóäö ÇáúæöÕóÇáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö æóæóÇÕóáó¡ ÝóÞóÇáõæÇ áóåõ: " «äóåóíúÊóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáúæöÕóÇáö¡ æóæóÇÕóáúÊó " ÝóÞóÇáó: " áóÓúÊõ ßóÃóÍóÏößõãú¡(1/176)
Åöäøöí ÃóÙóáøõ ÚöäúÏó ÑóÈøöí íõØúÚöãõäöí æóíóÓúÞöíäöí» " ÝóÃóÞóÑøóåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýóåöãõæåõ ãöäú ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåöãú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÐóÑó ÈöÚõÐúÑò íóÎúÊóÕøõ Èöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ «ÓóÃóáóÊúåõ Ãõãøõ ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäú ÞõÈúáóÉö ÇáÕøóÇÆöãö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåóÇ: " áöãó áóãú ÊóÞõæáöí áóåõãú Åöäøöí ÃõÞóÈøöáõ æóÃóäóÇ ÕóÇÆöãñ¿ !» æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊøóÈóÚðÇ Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÐóáößó ãóÚúäðì.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ «ÓóÃóáóÊúåõ Ãõãøõ ÓóáóãóÉó Úóäú Èóáøö ÇáÔøóÚúÑö Ýöí ÇáöÇÛúÊöÓóÇáö¡ ÞóÇáó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÝóíóßúÝöíäöí Ãóäú ÃóÍúËõæó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöí ËóáóÇËó ÍóËóíóÇÊò ãöäú ãóÇÁò» " æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áóåóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊøóÈóÚñ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áóåóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäúåõ «Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãóÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÈöÇáÊøóÍóáøõáö ÈöÇáúÍóáúÞö æóÇáÐøóÈúÍö¡ ÝóÊóæóÞøóÝõæÇ ÝóÔóßóÇ Ðóáößó Åöáóì Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ ÝóÃóÔóÇÑóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÈöÃóäú íóÎúÑõÌó æóíóÍúáöÞó¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÝóÐóÈóÍõæÇ æóÍóáóÞõæÇ» ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ãõÊøóÈóÚñ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú áóãøóÇ «ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÛõÓúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöäúÒóÇáò ÃóäúÝóÐó ÚõãóÑõ Åöáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ æóÓóÃóáóåóÇ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊú: " ÝóÚóáúÊõåõ ÃóäóÇ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö æóÇÛúÊóÓóáúäóÇ» "¡ ÝóÃóÎóÐó ÚõãóÑõ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ãõÊøóÈóÚñ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó Ðóáößó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõÞóÈøöáõ ÇáúÍóÌóÑó ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏó æóíóÞõæáõ: " «Åöäøöí ÃóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóßó ÍóÌóÑñ áóÇ ÊóÖõÑøõ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÝóÚõ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóäöí ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö íõÞóÈøöáõßó áóãóÇ ÞóÈøóáúÊõßó» "¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÔóÇÆöÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ýóãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÝöÚúáö ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö Ãóæúáóì áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúäö æóÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒö Úóäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.
æóáöÐóáößó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú äóÓöíó ÕóáóÇÉð ãöäú ÎóãúÓò ãöäú íóæúãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÚóÇÏóÉõ Çáúßõáøö ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ØóáøóÞó æóÇÍöÏóÉð ãöäú äöÓóÇÆöåö Ëõãøó äóÓöíóåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóíúåö ÌóãöíÚõåõäøó äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö.
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(1) ÃóÎóÐó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÍóÏöíËò ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Èöåö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ãóæúÖöÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ æóÊóÕóÑøóÝó Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ßóÇãöáóÉð ÈöäóÕøöåóÇ ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÏóæóÇæöíäö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö.(1/177)
ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ãöäó ÇáÑøõÊóÈö ÇáúÚóáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÃóæúÕóÇÝö ÇáÓøóäöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó ÇáúÚóÙöíãö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ãöäú ÃóÊóãøö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýöí ÊóÚúÙöíãöåö¡ æóÅöÌúáóÇáöåö æóÃóäøó ÚóÏóãó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÈöÃóäú Õóáøóì æóåõãú ÌõáõæÓñ Ãóæú ÞóÇãó íóØõæÝõ æóåõãú íóÊóÓóÇãóÑõæäó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýöí ÅöÓúÞóÇØö ÍõÑúãóÊöåö æóÇáúÅöÎúáóÇáö ÈöÚóÙóãóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ ãóÞóÇãó ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúãõÌúãóáö æóÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÚõãõæãö æóÊóÞúíöíÏö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõåõ ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ßóÇáúÞóæúáö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞøðÇ æóÕóæóÇÈðÇ¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈö íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð æóÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ßóæúäöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóæúäöåö áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúÊóÇÑõ áöäóÝúÓöåö Óöæóì ÇáúÃóßúãóáö æóÇáúÃóÝúÖóáö¡ æóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóßúãóáõ ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóåõ Ýöíåö áöãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ØóÑöíÞóÊößõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáäøóÏúÈö ÝóäóÞúáöíøóÉñ æóÚóÞúáöíøóÉñ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ} ÌõÚöáó ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö ÍóÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóÏúäóì ÏóÑóÌóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈõ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóãóÇ ÒóÇÏó Ýóåõæó ãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ æóÅöäö ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÕöíóÉð ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÓóäóÉð æóÇáúÍóÓóäóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö¡ æóÍóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö Ãóæúáóì áöæóÌúåóíúäö.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÛóÇáöÈó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäóÊú åöíó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÌöÈò ãóäúÏõæÈñ æóÒöíóÇÏóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßõáøõ ãóäúÏõæÈò æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
ÝóßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö áöÚõãõæãöåö ÃóÛúáóÈó¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉõ ÃõãøóÊöåö áóåõ Ýöíåö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ØóÑöíÞóÊößõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Ýóåöíó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ßõáøöåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ æóÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáÊøóÑúßö ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóÛúíöíÑöåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãõÛóíøóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÝöÚúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó Ãóäú(1/178)
íóßõæäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö.
æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ áóÇ ÕöíÛóÉó áóåõ áöíóÏõáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÝóáóÒöãó ÇáúæóÞúÝõ Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÔõÈóåö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
ÃóãøóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ " íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö (1) æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó æóáóßöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ " ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÔóÎúÕö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÑóÇÏò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÅöÖúãóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö.
æóÇáúÅöÖúãóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÝóÊóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò¡ æóÞóÏú Ãóãúßóäó ÏóÝúÚõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÈöÅöÖúãóÇÑö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÅöÖúãóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ Èóáú ÅöÖúãóÇÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóæúáóì áößóæúäöåö ãõÊøóÝóÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö æóãõÎúÊóáóÝðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö (2) .
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ æõÌõæÈõåóÇ¡ Ãóäú áóæú Úóáöãó ßóæúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚö æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÛóíúÑó æóÇÌöÈò¡ ÝóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò áóÇ Êóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð æóáóãú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞú ßóæúäõ ÝöÚúáöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ æóÇÌöÈóÉð.
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(1) ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ãõÊóÖóÇÝöÑóÉñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö ÝöÚúáðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÞóæúáðÇ¡ ÃóãúÑðÇ Ãóæú äóåúíðÇ¡ ÅöíãóÇäðÇ Èöåö æóÊóÓúáöíãðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÚóãóáðÇ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚó Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö áóíúÓó æöÒóÇäðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ Ýöí Íõßúãöåö¡ Èóáú ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊõåõ ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÑøõÊúÈóÉö Ýóãöäúåõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ æóÇáúãóãúäõæÚõ æóÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ßõáøö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóíøóäóÊúåõ ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáöíøóÉõ¡ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ æóäóÏúÈö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èößõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö Ýöí ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö ÊóÇÑóÉð æóÊóÑúßöåö ÊóÇÑóÉð ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóãóäúÚö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö æóÇáúãóßúÑõæöåö¡ æóÊóÌóäøõÈö ßõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÍóÓóÈó ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö¡ æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÙóÇåöÑñ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚö Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáúíõÑúÌóÚú Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáöíøóÉö ; áöíóäúÒöáó Úóáóì ÖóæúÆöåóÇ ßõáøõ ÝöÚúáò Ãóæú Þóæúáò ãóäúÒöáóÊóåõ¡ æóåõæó ÔóÈöíåñ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " Åöäøó Çááøóåó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÇáúÅöÍúÓóÇäö ". ÇáúÂíóÉó. ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö æóÇáäøóæóÇåöí Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÇÊö áöáÔøóÇØöÈöíøö.
(2) áóíúÓó ÕóÑöíÍðÇ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÔóÎúÕöåö¡ Èóáú ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÕöÑóÇØö Çááøóåö¡ æóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ßöÊóÇÈöåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÚõãõæãðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: " æóÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÕöÑóÇØöí ãõÓúÊóÞöíãðÇ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ æóáóÇ ÊóÊøóÈöÚõæÇ ÇáÓøõÈõáó " ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÞóÇáó " (æóåóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈñ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇåõ ãõÈóÇÑóßñ ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ) " æóÞóÇáó " (æóÑóÍúãóÊöí æóÓöÚóÊú ßõáøó ÔóíúÁò ÝóÓóÃóßúÊõÈõåóÇ) " ÇáúÂíóÇÊö Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: " (æóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóåúÊóÏõæäó) ".(1/179)
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÅöäú ÃõØúáöÞó Úóáóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö áóßöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ßóæúäöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ãõÔúÊóÑóßò ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáÔøóÃúäõ æóÇáÕøöÝóÉõ (1) äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö áößóæúäöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÝúÙõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÇáúãõÍóÐøóÑö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö íóßõæäõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ (2) ¡ æóÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ÅöÐóÇ Úõãöáó Èöåö Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉò ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÊóæúÝöíóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÏóáóÇáóÊöåö.
æóÞóÏú Úóãöáó Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóæóÇØöÆò æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕö¡ æóãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóíúåö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝö Ýöíåö Ãóæúáóì.
Ãóæú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ áóßöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ (3) æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó Åöäú Þöíáó ÈöÃóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó íóãúÊóäöÚõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåö ÝóáóíúÓó Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóÅöäú Þöíáó ÈöÍóãúáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑõ Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúãõÍóÐøóÑö ãöäúåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ãöäú ÊóÑúßö ãóÇ áóíúÓó æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí æõÌõæÈó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóæõÌõæÈõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ßóÇäó ÏóæúÑðÇ.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÐößúÑõ ÏõÚóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {áóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáõæÇ ÏõÚóÇÁó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Èóíúäóßõãú ßóÏõÚóÇÁö ÈóÚúÖößõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ} ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÚóÇÆöÏðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö.
Ëõãøó ÞóÏú Ãóãúßóäó ÚóæúÏõ ÇáÖøóãöíÑö Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåö Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöÐú åõæó
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Ýöí ãóÈúÍóËö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞóÉö ÇáúÌóÏóáöíøöíäó Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóÇáÑøóÏøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÐúßõÑõæäó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóÏóÏö ãóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö ÅöÊúãóÇãðÇ áöáúãóØúáõæÈö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑóæúäó Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÌúåò æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáò.
(2) áóíúÓó ÈöãõØúáóÞò Èóáú ÚóÇãøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóáöãóÉó (ÃóãúÑò) ÇÓúãõ ÌöäúÓò ãõÖóÇÝñ áöáÖøóãöíÑö ÝóßóÇäó åóÇãøðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ßóæúäöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ÝóæõÞõæÚõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö íóÌúÚóáõåõ ÚóÇãøðÇ ; ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö äóåúíøñ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇáäøóÝúíö¡ æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÊóæúÝöíóÉò áöáúÚóãóáö ÈöÏóáóÇáóÊöåö.
(3) Ãóíú: áóÝúÙöíøðÇ.(1/180)
ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãóÐúßõæÑò ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÏó ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö: {ÞóÏú íóÚúáóãõ Çááøóåõ ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÊóÓóáøóáõæäó ãöäúßõãú áöæóÇÐðÇ} (1) ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÚóæúÏõåõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóæúáóì.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ÈöãóäúÚö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÎúÐõ ãóÇ ÃóÊóÇäóÇ Èöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóÃóÎúÐõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÝöÚúáò áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ Ýöí ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÊóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÃúÊöíøö Èöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóæõÌõæÈõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó Úóáóì ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈöåö ßóÇäó ÏóæúÑðÇ (2) .
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÃóÎúÐöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇÈóáóåõ ÈöÇáäøóåúíö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóãóÇ äóåóÇßõãú Úóäúåõ ÝóÇäúÊóåõæÇ} ¡ æóÇáäøóåúíõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõ áóåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóäú äóÓúÊóÎöíÑó áöÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎóÇÑóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ äóÚúÊóÑöÖó Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ¡ Ãóæú ãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ãõÓóáøóãñ æóáóßöäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÎóÇÑóåõ áöäóÝúÓöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ãóÇ äóÓúÊóÎöíÑõåõ äóÍúäõ áöÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóãúäõæÚñ.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóäú äõæÞöÚó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÞóÚóåõ åõæó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú Õóáøóì æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÕóáøóíúäóÇ ãõÊóäóÝøöáöíäó Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÊóÃóÓøöíðÇ Èöåö¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú ßóæúäõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ãóÇ äóÝúÚóáõåõ äóÍúäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ (3) .
æóÚóáóì åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÌóæóÇÈóíúäö íóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÚóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇãúÊöËóÇáõ ÃóãúÑöåö æóãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö
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(1) ÌõãúáóÉõ: ÞóÏú íóÚúáóãõ Çááøóåõ. . .) ÌóÇÁóÊú ÊóÇÈöÚóÉð áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " áóÇ ÊóÌúÚóáõæÇ ÏõÚóÇÁó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Èóíúäóßõãú ßóÏõÚóÇÁö ÈóÚúÖößõãú ÈóÚúÖðÇ " ÊóÞúÑöíÑðÇ áöáäøóåúíö æóÊóåúÏöíÏðÇ áöãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÑõÌõæÚó ÇáÖøóãöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÃóãúÑöåö¡ Úóáóì Ãóäøó äõÕõæÕó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÞóÑøóÑóÊö ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãó Èóíúäó ØóÇÚóÉö Çááøóåö æóØóÇÚóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóãóÚúÕöíóÊöåö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 179
(3) ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÝóßóÐóáößó ÊóÝúÑöíÚðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ.(1/181)
Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÝóæóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó äóÏúÈðÇ ÝóäóÏúÈðÇ.
æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ æóÇÌöÈñ ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõäóÇ áóåõ Ýöíåö æóÇÌöÈóÉð.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉö Ãóäøó ÛóÇíóÊóåóÇ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó Íõßúãó ÃõãøóÊöåö ãõÓóÇæò áöÍõßúãöåö Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóÇáäøóÏúÈö æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ áöíóßõæäó ÝöÚúáõäóÇ áóåõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÝóÚóáõæÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáúæõÌõæÈö¡ Èóáú áóÚóáøóåõãú ÑóÃóæúÇ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊóåõ Ýöí ÎóáúÚö ÇáäøóÚúáö ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉð Ýöí ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóáúÚó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈöÚóÉö áóåõ áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÅöäúßóÇÑõåõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ðóáößó æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «áöãó ÎóáóÚúÊõãú äöÚóÇáóßõãú» "¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóÇÌöÈóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö áóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó (1) .
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÙóäøõæÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö¡ áóßöäú áóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Èóáú áöÞöíóÇãö Ïóáöíáò ÃóæúÌóÈó Úóáóíúåöãú Ðóáößó æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó áóåõãú " «ÕóáøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí ÃõÕóáøöí» " ÝóÝóåöãõæÇ Ãóäøó ÕóáóÇÊóåõ ÈóíóÇäñ áöÕóáóÇÊöåöãú¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÚó äóÚúáóåõ ÊóÇÈóÚõæåõ Ýöíåö áöÙóäøöåöãú Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöäú åóíúÆóÇÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÃúãõæÑöíäó ÈöÃóÎúÐö ÒöíäóÊöåöãú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóÓúÌöÏò ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÎõÐõæÇ ÒöíäóÊóßõãú ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ãóÓúÌöÏò} ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÑóÃóæúåõ ÞóÏú ÎóáóÚó äóÚúáóåõ ÙóäøõæÇ æóÌõæÈóåõ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊúÑõßõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÇáúãóÓúäõæäó ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑó ÅöáøóÇ áöæóÇÌöÈò.¡ æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ Ãóäøó Ýóåúãóåõãú áöæõÌõæÈö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÍóÌøö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» " áóÇ Åöáóì ÝöÚúáöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ Ãóäøó ÇáúæöÕóÇáó áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ áóåõ.
æóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÕúáõåõ æóÇÌöÈñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ (2) ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ Èóáú Ùóäøõåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊóåõ Ýöí ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúæöÕóÇáö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö.
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(1) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóáóßöäú ÓóÃóáóåõãú áöíóÈúäöíó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÈöåöãú ÅöÑúÔóÇÏóåõãú æóÊóÚúáöíãóåõãú ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó ÈöäöÚóÇáöåöãú æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÏõæÇ¡ æóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ãöËúáó ãóÇ æóÌóÏó Ýöí äóÚúáöåö.
(2) ÃóÞõæáõ: ÊóÌöÈõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Ïõæäó Ûõáõæøò Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ ßóÇáúãóØúáõæÈö Ãóæú Ýöí ÊóÑúßöåö ßóÇáúãóãúäõæÚö ÅöäúÒóÇáðÇ áöáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãóäúÒöáóÊóåóÇ ÝóáóíúÓóÊö ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉõ Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåóÇ.(1/182)
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áóåõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö Èóáøö ÇáÔøóÚúÑö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóáóÇ ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóáóÚóáøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÇáúßóãóÇáö¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Èóáú æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÈóáøö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏñ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÈõáøõæÇ ÇáÔøóÚúÑó æóÃóäúÞõæÇ ÇáúÈóÔóÑóÉó» " (1) .
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ æóÞóÚó ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» " æóáóÇ äöÒóÇÚó Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÝöÚúáöåö ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏó ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÎöØóÇÈò ÓóÇÈöÞò¡ Èóáú åõæó ÃóÈúáóÛõ ãöäú ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ; áößóæúäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö íõäúÈöÆõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ÚöíóÇäðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÚöíóÇäðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáÊøóÍóáøõáö æóÞóÚó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÃóãúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑúÊóÞöÈõæäó ÅöäúÌóÇÒó ãóÇ æóÚóÏóåõãõ Çááøóåõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÝóÊúÍö æóÇáÙøõåõæÑö Úóáóì ÞõÑóíúÔò Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáÓøóäóÉö¡ æóÃóäú íóäúÓóÎó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇáÊøóÍóáøõáö æóÃóÏóÇÁö ãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÌøö (2) .
ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÍóáøóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÂíöÓõæÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÝóÊóÍóáøóáõæÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÛõÓúáö ãöäó ÇáúÊöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóíúäö ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ Èóáú ãöäú Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóÇäö æóÌóÈó ÇáúÛõÓúáõ» " æóÓõÄóÇáõ ÚõãóÑó áöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöíóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö åóáú æóÞóÚó ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöÃóãúÑöåö Ãóãú áóÇ (3) .
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÊóÞúÈöíáó ÚõãóÑó ÇáúÍóÌóÑó ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÌöÈò ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÈóíøöäö áöÞóæúáöåö: " «ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» ".
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÊóÞúÈöíáó ÇáúÍóÌóÑö ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÌöÈò Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æõÌõæÈò.
æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõåõ¡ æóáóÇ äõäúßöÑõ ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó (4) .
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(1) Ýöí Óõäóäö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÊóÍúÊó ßõáøö ÔóÚúÑóÉò ÌóäóÇÈóÉð¡ ÝóÇÛúÓöáõæÇ ÇáÔøóÚúÑó¡ æóÃóäúÞõæÇ ÇáúÈóÔúÑóÉó¡ æóÝöí ÓóäóÏöåö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËõ Èúäõ æóÌöíåò¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó: ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÞóÇáó ÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ: áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Èúäö æóÌöíåò¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ. ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇÈúäö ÍóÌúÑò Ýöí ÇáÊøóáúÎöíÕö ÇáúÍóÈöíÑö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(2) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÇáúåóãúÒóÉõ
(3) Ãóæú áöíóÊóÈóíøóäó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö äóÓúÎõ ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöÇáúæõÖõæÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÅöíáóÇÌñ ÈöáóÇ ÅöäúÒóÇáò Ãóæú ÚóÏóãõ äóÓúÎöåóÇ.
(4) Ýöíåö äóÙöíÑõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 182(1/183)
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöí ÏóÝúÚöåóÇ Åöäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÎóáóÇ Úóäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáÖøóÑóÑö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÍóÑóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú Ûóãøó ÇáúåöáóÇáõ áóíúáóÉó ÇáËóáóÇËöíäó ãöäú ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó íóæúãõ ÇáËóáóÇËöíäó ãöäúåõ íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó íóæúãó ÇáúÚöíÏö.
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó íóÌöÈõ Õóæúãõåõ ÇÍúÊöíóÇØðÇ áöáúæóÇÌöÈö æóÅöäö ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÑóÇãðÇ áößóæúäöåö ãöäú íóæúãö ÇáúÚöíÏö.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ Ãóæúáóì áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó æóÌõæÈõåõ ßóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÊóÉö ãöäú ÕóáóæóÇÊö íóæúãò æóáóíúáóÉò¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ æõÌõæÈõåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Õóæúãö íóæúãö ÇáËóáóÇËöíäó ãöäú ÑóãóÖóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú áóíúáóÊõåõ ãõÛóíøóãóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÚóÓóÇåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ æóÛóíúÑó æóÇÌöÈò ÝóáóÇ.
æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ßóÐóáößó ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞú æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóáóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáõ æõÌõæÈõåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÊúíóÇäó ÈöãöËúáö ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ íóßõæäõ ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áóåõ æóÃóäøó ÊóÑúßóåõ íóßõæäõ ÅöåóÇäóÉð áóåõ æóÍóØøðÇ ãöäú ÞóÏúÑöåö¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóÚóÇØöí ÇáúÃóÏúäóì áöãõÓóÇæóÇÊöåö ÇáúÃóÚúáóì Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö ÍóØøðÇ ãöäú ãóäúÒöáóÊöåö æóÛóÖøðÇ ãöäú ãóäúÕöÈöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÞúÈõÍõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌõáõæÓõ Úóáóì ÓóÑöíÑö ÓóíøöÏöåö Ýöí ãóÑúÊóÈóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÑøõßõæÈõ Úóáóì ãóÑúßóÈöåö æóáóæú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊóÍóÞøó Çááøóæúãó æóÇáÊøóæúÈöíÎó.
Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ãõæÌöÈóÉð áöÊóÚúÙöíãöåö¡ æóÊóÑúßõ ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ãõæÌöÈóÉð (1) áöÅöåóÇäóÊöåö áóæóÌóÈó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÊóÚóÈøóÏúäóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö¡ æóáóãú íõÚúáóãú ÓóÈóÈõ ÊóÑúßöåö æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (2) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöáúÞóæúáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöãóÇ íõæÌöÈõåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó ÇáúÞóæúáöíøó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö Ãóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ æóÕóæóÇÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞøðÇ æóÕóæóÇÈðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝöÚúáõåõ ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ãõÔóÇÑóßóÊóåõãú áóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö (3) .
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ãõæÌöÈñ.
(2) ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó Úõãöáó Èöåö.
(3) Èóáú ßõáøõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÅöÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ÍóÞøðÇ æóÕóæóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÍóÞøõåõ¡ æóÕóæóÇÈñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö Èöåö.(1/184)
æóÚóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö ÃóÝúÖóáó ãöãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöæóÇÌöÈò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ ãóÇ íóÝúÚóáõåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ áöáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊö ßóÇäó ÃóÛúáóÈó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö áöáúæóÇÌöÈóÇÊö¡ Èóáú ÝöÚúáõåõ áöáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö ßóÇäó ÃóÛúáóÈó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö áöáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊö.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóíúÓó Íóãúáõ ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÏöÑö ãöäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Íóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ãöäúåóÇ æóÚóäú ÔõÈóåö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáäøóÏúÈö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ ãöËúáõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÛóÇáöÈó ÝöÚúáöåö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈóÇÊõ Èóáö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍõ¡ æóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈó ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÔõÈúåóÉõ ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÝóäóÍúäõ ÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÝöÚúáò áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö Èöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãóÚóåõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö Èöåö ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäú ÝöÚúáöåö æóÊóÑúßöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÊóÞóÑøóÈõ Èöåö.
æóÐóáößó (2) ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÇÞöÝöíøóÉõ ÝóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈò æóáóÇ äóÏúÈò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ æóåõæó Úóíúäõ ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ Èöåö Ãóäøó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊó ÃóÍóÏõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóßöäøóÇ áóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÝóÎóØóÃñ.
ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÏóáöíáðÇ æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áöáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÔóíúÁò Óöæóì ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö Ãóæú äóÝúíõ ÇáúÍóÑóÌö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäúåõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáúÞõÑúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ Ïóáöíáò Óöæóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.
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(1) Ãóíú ãöäú ÊóäóÇÝöí ãóÝúåõæãóíúåóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóÇÑößó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö¡ ÈöáóÇ ÚõÐúÑò íóÃúËóãõ Ïõæäó ÊóÇÑößö ÇáúãóäúÏõæÈö.
(2) ÇÓúãõ ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ýöíåö ÞóÕúÏõ ÇáÊøóÞóÑøõÈö.(1/185)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãõÊóÃóÓøðì Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóãõÊøóÈóÚñ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöÚúáðÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÎöØóÇÈò ÓóÇÈöÞò¡ æóáóÇ ÞóÇãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÕøöåö¡ æóÚõáöãóÊú áóäóÇ ÕöÝóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÏúÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöäóÕøöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö áóäóÇ Ãóæú ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ ÝóãõÚúÙóãõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóäóÇ ãõÊóÚóÈøóÏõæäó ÈöÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ Ãóæú ãõÈóÇÍðÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ãóäóÚó ãöäú Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÕøóáó ßóÃóÈöí Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÎóáøóÇÏò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑöíøõ æóÏóáöíáõåõ ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóãøóÇ ÞóÖóì ÒóíúÏñ ãöäúåóÇ æóØóÑðÇ ÒóæøóÌúäóÇßóåóÇ áößóíú áóÇ íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÍóÑóÌñ Ýöí ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÃóÏúÚöíóÇÆöåöãú ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóæúÇ ãöäúåõäøó æóØóÑðÇ} ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóÃóÓøðì Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóãõÊøóÈóÚñ¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöáúÂíóÉö ãóÚúäðì¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöäú ÃóÞúæóì ãóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Èöåö åóÇåõäóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Þõáú Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú ÊõÍöÈøõæäó Çááøóåó ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæäöí} æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó áóåõ áóÇÒöãóÉð ãöäú ãóÍóÈøóÉö Çááøóåö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ áóåõ áóÇÒöãóÉð áóÒöãó ãöäú ÚóÏóãöåóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãóÍóÈøóÉö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈóÉö æóÐóáößó ÍóÑóÇãñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (1) .
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ áöãóäú ßóÇäó íóÑúÌõæ Çááøóåó æóÇáúíóæúãó ÇáúÂÎöÑó} ¡ æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöíó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú áóæóÇÒöãö ÑóÌóÇÁö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö.
æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúãóáúÒõæãö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøóÌóÇÁõ áöáøóåö æóÇáúíóæúãö ÇáúÂÎöÑö¡ æóÐóáößó ßõÝúÑñ.
æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö: åõæó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ãöËúáó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáó Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÝóÚóáó ãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÚóáó.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 179 ãöäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÞóÇÑöäú Èóíúäó ÈóíóÇäöåö áöæóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö åõäóÇ Úóáóì ãóØúáõæÈöåö æóãõäóÇÞóÔóÊöåö ãóäö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " ÝóÇÊøóÈöÚõæåõ " Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóãóäö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó áóßõãú Ýöí ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ " Úóáóì äóÏúÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö.(1/186)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÌúãöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Åöáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ßóÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Åöáóì ÊóÒúæöíÌöåö áöãóíúãõæäóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ æóÝöí ÊóÞúÈöíáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöáúÍóÌóÑö ÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÞúÈöíáöåö æóåõæó ÕóÇÆöãñ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæúáóì æóÅöäú ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÒúæöíÌö ãöäú ÃóÒúæóÇÌö ÇáúÃóÏúÚöíóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóæúÇ ãöäúåõäøó æóØóÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö ÝöÚúáò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÊóÇäö ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Úõãõæãó ÏóáóÇáóÊöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÅöÐú áóÇ Úõãõæãó áóåõãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÍúÓõäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: (áóßó Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò ÃõÓúæóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò) ¡ æóíõÞóÇáõ: (áóßó Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò ÃõÓúæóÉñ ÍóÓóäóÉñ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö) ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó áóÝúÙõ (ÇáúÃõÓúæóÉö) ÚóÇãøðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò áóßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ: (Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò) ÊóßúÑóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: (Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö) ãõäóÇÞóÖóÉð Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåóÇ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö.
æóäóÍúäõ ÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÈöãóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÞóæúáöíøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí Èöåö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ ßóÞóæúáöåö: " «ÕóáøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí ÃõÕóáøöí» "¡ æó " «ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» " æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ãõÓúÊóäóÏóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑóåõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÈóÇÍðÇ ÝóÇáúÈóÞóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Ãóæú ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ ÝóÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì ÎõÕõæÕö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöíó ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö áóÇÒöãñ áóãóÇ Ýóåöãó ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ãöäú ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö Ðóáößó áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÅöÈóÇÍóÉó Ðóáößó áóåõãú¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó Ýóåúãó ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÊóÚúáöíáö ÊóÒúæöíÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóÚúäðì áößóæúäöåö ãóÏúÝõæÚðÇ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóáóì ÇáúÂíóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóíóíúäö¡ Ãóäøó ãóÞúÕõæÏóåõãóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈóíóÇäõ ßóæúäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃõÓúæóÉð áóäóÇ æóãõÊøóÈóÚðÇ¡ ÅöÙúåóÇÑðÇ áöÔóÑóÝöåö æóÅöÈóÇäóÉð áöÎóØóÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæú Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú(1/187)
íóßõæäó ãõÚóíøóäðÇ Ãóæú ãõÈúåóãðÇ¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöÚóÏóãö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöÃóäøóåõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóáößóæúäöåö ÃóÈúÚóÏó Úóäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÔóÑóÝö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: (áóßó ÃõÓúæóÉñ Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö) ¡ Ýóåõæó ãõÝöíÏñ áöáÊøóÃúßöíÏö æóáóíúÓó ÊóßúÑóÇÑðÇ ÎóáöíøðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: (áóßó ÃõÓúæóÉñ Ýöí ÝõáóÇäò Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóíúÁö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö) ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõäóÇÞóÖóÉð áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚõãõæãó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí æóÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúãõØúáóÞóÉö æóåóÐóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãõØúáóÞò¡ Èóáö Çáúßõáøõ ÌõãúáóÉñ æóÇÍöÏóÉñ ãõÝöíÏóÉñ áöÔóíúÁò ãõÚóíøóäò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑö ÇáúãóÃúËõæÑö Úóäúåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇáÑøõÌõæÚö ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÓõÄóÇáö ÒóæúÌóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÓõßõæäö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÈöåóÇ.
æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ëóãøó Ïóáöíáñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö æóÇáÊøóÃóÓøöí ÛóíúÑó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö áóÈóÇÏóÑõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóæóÞøõÝò Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú ÝöÚúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÚóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö íóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÊóÑúßöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÅÞÑÇÑ ÇáäÈí Õáì Çááå Úáíå æÓáã áÝÚá ÛíÑå]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÚóáó æóÇÍöÏñ Èóíúäó íóÏóíö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝöÚúáðÇ Ãóæú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÚóÇáöãñ Èöåö ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö¡ ÝóÓóßóÊó Úóäúåõ æóÞóÑøóÑóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó ÞõÈúÍó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÊóÍúÑöíãóåõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú Úóáöãó ÅöÕúÑóÇÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ æóÚóáöãó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúÅöÕúÑóÇÑó Úóáóì ÞõÈúÍö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÊóÍúÑöíãöåö ßóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö Åöáóì ßóäóÇÆöÓöåöãú Ãóæú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÝóÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóäúåõ áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö æóÅöÈóÇÍóÊöåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ æóáóÇ íõæåöãõ ßóæúäõåõ ãóäúÓõæÎðÇ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ ÝóÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóäúåõ æóÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ áóåõ ÅöäúßóÇÑñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÓúÎöåö(1/188)
Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕö.
æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ÇáÓøõßõæÊó ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÊóæóåøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ãóäúÓõæÎñ Úóäúåõ ÝóíóÞóÚó Ýöí ÇáúãóÍúÐõæÑö¡ æóÝöíåö ÊóÃúÎöíÑõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Úóäú æóÞúÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ãöäúåõ Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóáóÇ ÚóÑóÝó ÊóÍúÑöíãóåõ¡ ÝóÓõßõæÊõåõ Úóäú ÝóÇÚöáöåö æóÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ áóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäú æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõ ÇÓúÊöÈúÔóÇÑñ æóËóäóÇÁñ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÚöáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúÍóÑóÌö Úóäúåõ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÝöÚúáõåõ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ áóßóÇäó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ áóåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö¡ æóßóÇäó ÇÓúÊöÈúÔóÇÑõåõ æóËóäóÇÄõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÑóÇãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒóÉö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÚöäúÏó Þóæúãò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÚúÏö áóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÈóíóÇäö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ¡ ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÛóÇáöÈðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö: ÅöãøóÇ áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãõ Ýóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Úóáóíúåö ÍóÑóÇãðÇ ÅöÐú ÐóÇßó Ãóæúº áöÃóäøóåõ Úóáöãó ÈõáõæÛó ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóÑúÌöÚú Ýöíåö æóÃóÕóÑøó Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ãóäóÚóåõ ãóÇäöÚñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÚóÏóãõ ÈõáõæÛö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö Åöáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÍóÑóÇãñ Èóáö ÇáúÅöÚúáóÇãõ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö æóÇÌöÈñ¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÚõæÏó Åöáóíúåö ËóÇäöíðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ ãöãøóÇ íõæåöãõ: ÅöãøóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÏõÎõæáöåö Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÓúÎó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãó æóÃóÕóÑøó Úóáóì ÝöÚúáöåö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãõÓúáöãðÇ ãõÊøóÈöÚðÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÌúÏöíÏö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÊóæóåøóãó äóÓúÎõåõ.
æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÊóÌúÏöíÏõ ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö Åöáóì ßóäóÇÆöÓöåöãú ÅöÐú åõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊøóÈöÚöíäó áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÊóÍúÑöíãó Ðóáößó ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó: íõÊóæóåøóãõ äóÓúÎõ Ðóáößó ÈöÓõßõæÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúãóÇäöÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ ÚóÞúáðÇ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÚóÏóãõåõ¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÚúÏö æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÔóæúßóÊöåö æóÇÓúÊöíáóÇÆöåö æóÞóåúÑöåö áöãóäú ÓöæóÇåõ.(1/189)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÚÏã ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ Èóíúäó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ Èóíúäó ÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ãöäúåóÇ äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæú ãõÎóÕøöÕðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÊóãóÇËöáóíúäö æóßóÝöÚúáö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö ãóËóáðÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊóíúäö ãõÊóãóÇËöáóíúäö Ãóæú Ýöí æóÞúÊóíúäö ãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóíúäö.
æóÇáúÝöÚúáóÇäö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÇäö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÊóÕóæøóÑó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõåõãóÇ ßóÇáÕøóæúãö æóÇáÕøóáóÇÉö Ãóæú áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõåõãóÇ.
æóãóÇ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõåõãóÇ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖó ÃóÍúßóÇãõåõãóÇ ßóÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÙøõåúÑö æóÇáúÚóÕúÑö ãóËóáðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÕóÇãó Ýöí æóÞúÊò ãõÚóíøóäò æóÃóßóáó Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóæö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóæö ÇáËøóÇáöËö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÎóÝóÇÁó ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑõÖó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅöÐú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÌöÈðÇ Ãóæú ãóäúÏõæÈðÇ Ãóæú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ æóÝöí æóÞúÊò ÂÎóÑó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ æóáóÇ ãõÈúØöáðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÅöÐóÇ áóÇ Úõãõæãó áöáúÝöÚúáóíúäö æóáóÇ áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ.
äóÚóãú Åöäú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóæúãö ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ ÊóßúÑöíÑõåõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö Ãóæú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì áõÒõæãö æõÌõæÈö ÊóÃóÓøöí ÃõãøóÊöåö Èöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóßó Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÇáÊøóáóÈøõÓö ÈöÖöÏøöåö¡ ßóÇáúÃóßúáö ãóÚó ÇáÐøößúÑö áöáÕøóæúãö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ãóßúáóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÓúÎö Íõßúãö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÊóßúÑóÇÑö ÇáÕøóæúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö áóÇ äóÓúÎö Íõßúãö Ðóáößó ÇáÕøóæúãö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö áöÚóÏóãö ÇÞúÊöÖóÇÆöåö áöáÊøóßúÑóÇÑö¡ æóÑóÝúÚõ Íõßúãò æõÌöÏó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö íóÃúßõáõ¡ ÝóÃóÞóÑøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú ãóÚó ÇáÐøößúÑö áöáÕøóæúãö æóÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÓúÎö Íõßúãö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöí áöÊóÚúãöíãö ÇáÕøóæúãö Úóáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ÍóÞøö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕö Ãóæú ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö áóÇ äóÓúÎö Íõßúãö ÝöÚúáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóáóÇ ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó ÈöäóÓúÎö ÝöÚúáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÒóÇáó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöãöËúáöåö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáÊøóæóÓøõÚö áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ.(1/190)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ Èóíúäó Þæá ÇáäÈí æÝÚáå]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖó ÝöÚúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÞóæúáõåõ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝöÚúáõåõ áóãú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö Ýöíåö Ãóæú Ïóáøó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ÈöäóÇ Ãóæú åõæó ÚóÇãøñ áóåõ æóáóäóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ãóæú íõÌúåóáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóÅöäú Úõáöãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ æóÊóÃóÎøõÑõ ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ åõæó ÇáúÝöÚúáó Ãóæö ÇáúÞóæúáó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ åõæó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ãöËúáó Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó ÝöÚúáðÇ Ýöí æóÞúÊò¡ æóíóÞõæáó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóæúÑö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÑóÇÎöí: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöí ãöËúáõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑõÖó ÈóíúäóåõãóǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó áóãú íóÑúÝóÚú Íõßúãó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóáóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÞúÊóÖò áöáÊøóßúÑóÇÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èöåö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ¡ æóÞóÏú Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäó Íõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÝöÚúáö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãõ åõæó ÇáúÞóæúáó ãöËúáó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøõ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóíøó Ýöí ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøö Ëõãøó íóÊóáóÈøóÓõ ÈöÖöÏøöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö¡ Ýóãóäú ÌóæøóÒó äóÓúÎó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö¡ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó äóÇÓöÎñ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö.
æóãóäú áóãú íõÌóæøöÒú Ðóáößó ãóäóÚó ßóæúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ æõÌõæÏõ ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ãóÚó ÇáúÚóãúÏö Åöäú áóãú äõÌóæøöÒú Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóÚúÕöíóÉñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöäóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑõÖó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåöãóÇ Ýöí ãóÍóáøò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÌöåóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÚóÇãøðÇ áóäóÇ æóáóåõ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ ÝóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ Èóíúäó Þóæúáöåö æóÝöÚúáöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ (1) ÅöáóíúäóÇ ÝóáöÃóäøó ÝöÚúáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÚóáøöÞò ÈöäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èöåö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖö Èóíúäó Þóæúáöåö æóÝöÚúáöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÅöáóíúäóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóæóÇÑõÏö Þóæúáöåö æóÝöÚúáöåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èöåö ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ¡ åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑö Ðóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóáóÇ ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóÚóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Ïõæäó ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö¡ Ãóæú Úóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö Ïõæäó ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö.
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(1) Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ (ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö) .(1/191)
ÝóÅöäú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ Þóæúáõåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö Ãóæú ÈöäóÇ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ÚóÇãøñ áóåõ æóáóäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóæú íõÌúåóáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ¡ ÝóÅöäú Úõáöãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö Ïõæäó ÃõãøóÊöåö áöÚóÏóãö ÊóäóÇæõáö ÇáúÞóæúáö áóåõãú.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó¡ ÝóÝöÚúáõåõ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Ãóäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóãóßøõäö ãöäó ÇáöÇãúÊöËóÇáö Ãóæú ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íõÌóæøöÒõåõ æóãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó Èóíúäó ÝöÚúáöåö æóÞóæúáöåö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áöÚóÏóãö ÊóäóÇæõáö Þóæúáöåö áóåõãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó æóÇáúæóÞúÝó Åöáóì Íöíäö ÞöíóÇãö Ïóáöíáö ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóãóáõ áöæõÌõæåò ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó íóÏõáøõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóÇ íóÝúÚóáõ ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãó¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúÛóÇãöÖóÉö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ãöãøóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ Èöåö ÚóãøóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÍúÓõæÓò ßóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáóÇÊö ÇáÕøöÑúÝóÉö¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓö¡ æóÇáúÝöÚúáõ áóÇ íõäúÈöÆõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÍúÓõæÓò¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÃóÞúæóì æóÃóÊóãøó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÞóÇÈöáñ áöáÊøóÃúßöíÏö ÈöÞóæúáò ÂÎóÑó æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ áöÐóáößó Ãóæúáóì.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó åóÇåõäóÇ ãöãøóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì äóÓúÎö ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóáóæú ãöäú æóÌúåò Ãóæúáóì.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Èóáö ÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÂßóÏõ ; Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÈóíøöäõ Èöåö ÇáúÞóæúáó¡ æóÇáúãõÈóíøöäõ áöáÔøóíúÁö ÂßóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö.
æóÈóíóÇäõåõ Ãóäøó ÌöÈúÑöíáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Èóíøóäó áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ßóíúÝöíøóÉó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö ÈöåóÇ æóÈóíúäó ãóæóÇÞöíÊöåóÇ ÍóíúËõ Õóáøóì Èöåö Ýöí Çáúíóæúãóíúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «íóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ ÇáúæóÞúÊõ ãóÇ Èóíúäó åóÐóíúäö» " æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Èóíøóäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÝöÚúáöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÕóáøõæÇ ßóãóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõãõæäöí ÃõÕóáøöí» " æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏö ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöáøóåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÍöÌøõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö} ÈöÝöÚúáöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú» "¡ æóÞóÇáó áöáøóÐöí ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäú ãóæóÇÞöíÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö: " «Õóáøö ãóÚóäóÇ» "¡ æóÈóíøóäó ÇáÔøóåúÑó ÈöÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÔøóåúÑõ åóßóÐóÇ æóåóßóÐóÇ» ".(1/192)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÑóÇãó ÊóÚúáöíãó ÛóíúÑöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúãõÈóÇáóÛóÉó Ýöí ÅöíÕóÇáö ãóÚúäóì ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ Åöáóì Ýóåúãöåö ÇÓúÊóÚóÇäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈöíóÏöåö æóÇáÊøóÎúØöíØö æóÊóÔúßöíáö ÇáúÃóÔúßóÇáö¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÝöÚúáó ÃóÏóáøõ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ æóßóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáúÈóíóÇäõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíóÇäö ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö.
ÝóÅöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö¡ æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÃóäøóåõãóÇ íóÊóÓóÇæóíóÇäö Ýöí Ðóáößó æóíóÈúÞóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÈöÍóÇáöåóÇ¡ åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöäóÇ Ïõæäóåõ: ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúáóãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ãóæú íõÌúåóáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ.
ÝóÅöäú Úõáöãó ÊóÞóÏøõãõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö ; ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöáúÍõßúãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöäóÇ Ïõæäóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãó ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöäóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÝóßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ßóÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóãóáõ áöãóÇ Úõáöãó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÚóÇãøðÇ áóåõ æóáóäóÇ ÝóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ßóÇäó äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóÍóÞøöäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÞöíÈö æóÇáÊøóÑóÇÎöí.
æóÅöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ßóÇáúÎöáóÇÝö¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ßóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö.
æóåóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóÚóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Ïõæäó ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑõÖó áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÒóÇÍóãóÉö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÈöíøö Ãóæú åõæó ÚóÇãøñ áóåõ æóáöáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÝöÚúáö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö Ïõæäó ÃõãøóÊöåö ; áöÚóÏóãö ÞöíóÇãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ Ãóæú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó Ãóæú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ.(1/193)
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÊóÃóÓøöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èöåö Ýöí ÝöÚúáöåö Ïõæäó ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÕøðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÝóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó áóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÃõãøóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÞóÏøöãðÇ ÝóÇáúÝöÚúáõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ Úóäúåõ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Ïõæäó ÃõãøóÊöåö.
æóÅöäøó Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöÃõãøóÊöåö ÝóáóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÒóÇÍóãóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ÊóÍóÞøóÞóÊö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÝöÚúáö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóÃóíøõåõãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÃóÎøöÑðÇ Ýóåõæó ãóÍúãõæÏñ¡ æóÅöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÚóÇãøðÇ áóåõ æóáöÃõãøóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÝöÚúáõ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑõ áóÇ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó äóÇÓöÎñ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóÅöäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÝóÇáúÝöÚúáõ äóÇÓöÎñ áöÍõßúãö ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎõ¡ ÝóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ßóÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ßóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ.(1/194)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö]
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Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (1)
æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÉò æóãóÓóÇÆöáó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÝóÝöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóíúäö:
ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: ÇáúÚóÒúãõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÇáÊøóÕúãöíãõ Úóáóíúåö æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÌúãóÚó ÝõáóÇäñ Úóáóì ßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóÒóãó Úóáóíúåö æóÅöáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÃóÌúãöÚõæÇ ÃóãúÑóßõãú} Ãóíö ÇÚúÒöãõæÇ¡ æóÈöÞõæáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÇ ÕöíóÇãó áöãóäú áóãú íõÌúãöÚö ÇáÕøöíóÇãó ãöäó Çááøóíúáö» " Ãóíú íóÚúÒöãõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÕöÍøõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõ ÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÚóÒúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúÞóæúãõ Úóáóì ßóÐóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÏöíäöíøðÇ ßóÇäó Ãóæú ÏõäúíóæöíøðÇ íõÓóãøóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÍóÊøóì ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÙøóÇãõ: åõæó ßõáøõ Þóæúáò ÞóÇãóÊú ÍõÌøóÊõåõ ÍóÊøóì Þóæúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
æóÞóÕóÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÌóãúÚó Èóíúäó ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö ßóæúäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóÈóíúäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíãö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ ãóÚóåõ Ýöí ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöáúæóÖúÚö ÇááøõÛóæöíøö æóÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö Âíöáñ Åöáóì ÇááøóÝúÙö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÎóÇÕøóÉð Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÏúÎõæáñ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõãøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÌõãúáóÉõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóãóäú æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ãöäúåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÚõãøõ ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóÇ ßõáøóåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ æóáóÇ áöãóäö ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÕóÏóÞó Úóáóì ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Ãóäøóåõãú ÃõãøóÉõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÎóáóÇ ÚóÕúÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö¡ æóßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóäú Ýöíåö ÚóÇãøöíøðÇ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò Ïöíäöíøò Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 176 - 192 - Ì 19 æóÕ 10 - 11 - Ì 20 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.(1/195)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÞúíöíÏöåö áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäöíøóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÞóÖöíøóÉò ÚóÞúáöíøóÉò Ãóæú ÚõÑúÝöíøóÉò ÍõÌøóÉð ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉð¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÌõãúáóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäú ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Ýöí ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Úóáóì Íõßúãö æóÇÞöÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö.
åóÐóÇ Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøó áóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ãöäú ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Åöáóì ÂÎóÑö ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö.
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ) íóÚõãøõ ÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáó æóÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáó æóÇáÓøõßõæÊó æóÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÑó.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÌõãúáóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú æóÚóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ãöäú ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞò Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (Ýöí ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö) ÍóÊøóì íóäúÏóÑöÌó Ýöíåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ãóæúåóãó Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (Úóáóì Íõßúãö æóÇÞöÚóÉò) áöíóÚõãøó ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊó æóÇáäøóÝúíó æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉó æóÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóáúäóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉö Èöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Úóáóì Íõßúãò æóÇÍöÏò åá íãßä ÊÕæÑå]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö (1) Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Úóáóì Íõßúãò æóÇÍöÏò ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúáõæãò ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóäú Ïóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò áóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó¡ Ãóæú Úóäú Ïóáöíáò Ùóäøöíøò.
áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÅöáøóÇ áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ãõÍöíáóÉð áöÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö æóÊóæóÇØõÆö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì ÅöÎúÝóÇÆöåö¡ ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõäúÞóáú Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ áóæú äõÞöáó áóßóÇäó ßóÇÝöíðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú æóáóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí ; áöÃóäøóåõãú ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÐúåóÇäöåöãú æóÏóæóÇÚöíåöãú Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝö ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóÇáúÚöäóÇÏö¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ãóßúáö
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(1) (ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÅöáóÎú) Ãóíú: ÅöãúßóÇäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú áóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÎõØõæÑö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó íóÊóÃóÊøóì Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáö áöÐóÇÊöåö.(1/196)
ØóÚóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò Ýöí íóæúãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóäú Ïóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÏóãõ äóÞúáöåö Ãóäú áóæú ÏóÚóÊö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÏúÚõæ ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉõ Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãö ßóÇÝöíðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóäú Ïóáöíáò Ùóäøöíøò ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚóåõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóÈöíÑö Úóáóì Íõßúãöåö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáÔøõÈóåö Úóáóì ÃóÍúßóÇãöåóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉö Úóáóì ãõäóÇÞóÖóÊöåóÇ¡ ßóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúíóåõæÏö æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÈóÚúËóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö Úóáóì ÞöÏóãö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö æóÇáúãóÌõæÓö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóËúäöíóÉö ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÚóÏóÏöåöãú ßóËúÑóÉð áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì¡ ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Úóáóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö ÇáúÎóÇáöí Úóäú ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö áóåõ Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚó ÚóÇÏóÉð (1) æóÎóÑóÌó Úóáóíúåö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì Ãóßúáö ØóÚóÇãò ãõÚóíøóäò Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÕøóÇÑöÝö Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãóÚó ÎõÑõæÌö ÚóÏóÏöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÍóÕúÑö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóÕóæúãö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÊì áóãú íóßõäú ØóÑöíÞõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉó (2) æóÇáúæõÞõæÚõ Ïóáöíáõ ÇáÊøóÕóæøõÑö æóÒöíóÇÏóÉñ.
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(1) æõÌõæÈõ ÇáÕøóáóæóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ãöãøóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäó ÇáÏøöíäö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýöí ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãóÍóáøó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö ßóãóÇ åõæó æóÇÖöÍñ áöãóäú ÑóÌóÚó áöÃóæøóáö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: Åöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúíóåõæÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ýöí äõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝóÂãóäó ÈöåóÇ æóÈöãóÇ íóÊúÈóÚõåóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú¡ ßóÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓóáóÇãò¡ æóÃóäúßóÑóåóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú ÍóÓóÏðÇ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöÏóÇÚöí Çáúåóæóì¡ æóÃóÛúÑõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú ãöäó ÇáúíóåõæÏö ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ äóÙóÑó áóåõãú ÝóÊóÈöÚõæåõãú ÊóÞúáöíÏðÇ áóåõãú¡ æóÇäúÏöÝóÇÚðÇ æóÑóÇÁó ÇáúÚóÕóÈöíøóÉö áöÞóæúãöåöãú¡ æóÊóæóÇÑóËõæÇ Ðóáößó ÎóáóÝðÇ Úóäú ÓóáóÝò Åöáóì íóæúãöäóÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞñ¡ Èóáú ãöäúåõãú ãóäú Âãóäó æóßóÔóÝó ÏóÎóáóåõãú¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝóÑó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ãõÊøóÈöÚöíåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏó¡ æóãöËúáõ Ðóáößó áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÉò¡ æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÑöíÎö æóÊóÏóÈøóÑó ãóÇ äóÒóáó ãöäú ÂíóÇÊö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÍóÓóÏöåöãú áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö æóÅöÛúÑóÇÆöåöãú Þóæúãóåóãú æóÇáúãõÔúÑößöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÚóÑóÈö ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøó ÅöäúßóÇÑóåõãú ãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ßóÇäó Úóäú ÊóÄóÇØõÄö ÈóÚúÖö ÚõáóãóÇÆöåöãú.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍóÇáõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÝóáóÇÓöÝóÉö Úóáóì ÞöÏóãö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ãöäúåõãú Úóäú ÔõÈúåóÉò ØóÛóÊú Úóáóì ÃóÝúßóÇÑöåöãú¡ Ãóæú Úóäú åóæðì æóÓõæÁö ØóæöíøóÉò¡ æóÞóáøóÏóåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóäú áóÇ ÈóÕöíÑóÉó áóåõ¡ Ýóåöíó ÒóáøóÉõ ÚóÇáöãò ÊóÈöÚóåõ ÝöíåóÇ ãóäú áóíúÓó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÞõæøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÍúËö æóáóÇ äóÙóÑñ ÕóÍöíÍñ íõãóíøöÒõ Èöåö Èóíúäó ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö.(1/197)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ åá íãßä ãÚÑÝÉ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÅöãúßóÇäö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö æóÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó ÃóíúÖðÇ æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýóåõæó ßóÇÐöÈñ (1) ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Ãóæú ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö ÝöÚúáò Ãóæú ÊóÑúßò ãöäúåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó ßõáøõåõ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú æóÐóáößó ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú æóÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÆöíóÉö æóÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ ÚóÇÏóÉð.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÝóãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Èöåö æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ (2) .
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Èöåö æóÓóãóÇÚö Þóæúáöåö æóÑõÄúíóÉö ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóæú ÊóÑóßöåö ÞóÏú áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Ðóáößó ÇáúíóÞöíäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãõÚúÊóÞóÏõåõ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ æóãóÇ íõÔóÇåöÏõ ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåö Ãóæú ÊóÑúßöåö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåö áöÛóÑóÖò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö (3) .
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåö¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Úóäúåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúæõÕõæáö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó æóÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåöãú (4) ¡ æóãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÝóáóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó.
æóØóÑöíÞõ ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÌóãöíÚõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåõ ÚöáúãðÇ áóÇ ãöÑóÇÁó Ýöíåö ãöäú Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÈöÇáÐøöãøöíøö¡ æóÈõØúáóÇäõ ÇáäøößóÇÍö ÈöáóÇ æóáöíøò¡ æóÃóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö äóÞöíÖõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÔúßöíßóÇÊö æóÇáúæõÞõæÚõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÇÏöí æóÒöíóÇÏóÉñ.
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(1) Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ ÞóÇáóåóÇ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúæóÑóÚö¡ æóÒóÌúÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌõÑúÃóÉö Úóáóì ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ïõæäó ÊóÍóÑøò¡ æóÊóÊóÈøõÚò áöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú áóíúÓó áóåõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉñ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÃóäúßóÑó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáúãóÍúãõæÏóÉö - ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 315 - 316 ãöäú ãõÓóæøóÏóÉö Âáö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó¡ ØóÈúÚóÉõ ÇáúãóÏóäöíøö.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÚúÑóÝõ ãõÚúÊóÞóÏõåõ ãöäú ÊóÃúáöíÝöåö¡ æóãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÊóáóÇãöíÐöåö Ýöí ÑóÍóáóÇÊöåöãú ØóáóÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö æóäóÔúÑöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÇáúæõÞõæÝõ Úóáóíúåö.
(3) ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäú äóÍúßõãó ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúæõÞõæÝõ ÚöäúÏó ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóäóÇ ãöäú ãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáöíÞõ ÈöäóÇ Ãóäú äõÓöíÁó Èöåö ÇáÙøóäøó.
(4) ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÊøóì íóËúÈõÊó ÇáúäøóÇÞöáõ.(1/198)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó Ðóáößóº áöÃóäøóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Þóæúáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÞóæúáó ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóåõæó Þóæúáñ æóÇÍöÏñ íõãúßöäõ ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚõ Úóáóíúåö.
ÝóÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÐúåóÈó ßõáøö ãóäú íóÊúÈóÚõåõ æóåõæó ãõÞóáøöÏñ áóåõ Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóäóÇ äóÕøñ Úóäö Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö íóßõæäõ ãõÓúÊóäóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú¡ æóáóæú ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó áóßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó (1) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ æóÅöäö ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó áóßõãú åóÇåõäóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÓúÊóãöÑøõ (2) ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÞóØúÚðÇ ãöäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì æóÇáúíóåõæÏö ãöäú ÅöäúßóÇÑö ÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóäóÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ Þóæúáõ ãõæÓóì æóáóÇ ÚöíÓóì¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáõ æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõãú Ðóáößó áöÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú áóåõ. (3)
ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ åóÇåõäóÇ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö (4) .
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(1) áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ïõæäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏò ÕóÍöíÍò ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÏóáöíáóíúäö Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó Úóáóì ÞóÖöíøóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò¡ ÝóßóËöíÑðÇ ãóÇ Þöíáó Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Ïóáöíáõåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ æóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÊóÖóÇÝõÑö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÅöáøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ Ãóæö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ áóßóÝóì.
(2) ÇÓúÊóãóÑøó íóÓúÊóãöÑøõ - ÇØøóÑóÏó íóØøóÑöÏõ.
(3) áóãú íóÊøóÈöÚö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ æóáóÇ ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãõæÓóì æóáóÇ ÚöíÓóì ÝöíãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú ÊóÈöÚõæÇ ÃóÍúÈóÇÑóåõãú æóÑõåúÈóÇäóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÔóÑøóÚõæÇ áóåõãú ãöäú ÞóáúÈö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞö¡ æóÞóáøóÏõæåõãú ÛõáõæøðÇ Ýöíåöãú æóÚóÕóÈöíøóÉð áóåõãú ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó: Õ 197.
(4) æóÃóÎöíÑðÇ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÚóåúÏö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÅöØúáóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö ÞóÑöíÈñ áöÞöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ æóÊóÞóÇÑõÈö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö æóÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóãö æóÇáÓøóÚúíö ÇáúÍóËöíËö Ýöí ØóáóÈöåö ãóÚó ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóÖöíÞö ÏóÇÆöÑóÊöåö¡ æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Ýöí Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò Ýóåõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö.(1/199)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÍõÌøóÉñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ áåÇ ÞæÉ ÇáäÕæÕ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÍõÌøóÉñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÇáäøóÙøóÇãö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÎóãúÓõ ÂíóÇÊò: ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ æóåöíó ÃóÞúæóÇåóÇ æóÈöåóÇ ÊóãóÓøóßó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóäú íõÔóÇÞöÞö ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÇáúåõÏóì æóíóÊøóÈöÚú ÛóíúÑó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó äõæóáøöåö ãóÇ Êóæóáøóì æóäõÕúáöåö Ìóåóäøóãó æóÓóÇÁóÊú ãóÕöíÑðÇ} ¡ æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÊóæóÚøóÏó Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ áóãóÇ ÊóæóÚøóÏó Úóáóíúåö æóáóãóÇ ÍóÓõäó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ãöäú ãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúßõÝúÑö æóÃóßúáö ÇáúÎõÈúÒö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó " ãöäú " áöáúÚõãõæãö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚõãõæãö ÍóÊøóì íóÊóäóÇæóáó ßõáøõ ãóäö ÇÊøóÈóÚó ÛóíúÑó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúÚõãõæãö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏó Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÇáúãóÔúÑõæØõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøóÑúØö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ áõÍõæÞó ÇáÐøóãøö ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö áóßöäøóåõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÚóÏóãõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÊóßõæäõ (ÛóíúÑó) ÈöãóÚúäóì ÅöáøóÇ¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ ÓóÈöíáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÊóßõæäõ (ÛóíúÑó) åóÇåõäóÇ ÕöÝóÉð áöÓóÈöíáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó (ÛóíúÑó) ÕöÝóÉð áöÓóÈöíáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÓóÈöíáõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó åõæó ÇáúßõÝúÑõ.
æóäóÍúäõ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÔóÇÞóÞó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóßóÝóÑó ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóæóÚøóÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÓóÈöíáó ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúßõÝúÑó¡ æóáóßöäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöãóÝúåõæãöåö.
æóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó(1/200)
ÇáúãóÝúåõæãó ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ áóßöäú Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æõÌõæÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÚóÏóãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áóßöäøóåõ íóÊóäóÇæóáõ ÓóÈöíáó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ßõáøõ ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäúåõ ÓóÈöíáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò ÚóÇáöãò æóÌóÇåöáò¡ æóÇáúÌõåøóÇáõ ÛóíúÑõ ÏóÇÎöáöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚö¡ æóãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáúÂíóÉõ ÛóíúÑõ ÏóÇáøóÉò Úóáóíúåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Ýöí Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò ÇÊøóÝóÞó¡ áóßöäøó áóÝúÙó (ÇáÓøóÈöíáö) ãõÝúÑóÏñ áóÇ Úõãõæãó Ýöíåö ÝóáóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ßõáøö ÓóÈöíáò ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Úõãõæãóåõ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ßõáøö ÓóÈöíáò æóÅöáøóÇ áóæóÌóÈó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö ; áöÃóäøóåõãú ÝóÚóáõæåõ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ áöÍõßúãöåöãú Úóáóíúåö ÈöÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö.
æóáóæóÌóÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ÞóÈúáó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì Íõßúãò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöíåö áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöíåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ ãóÍúÖñ (1) .
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉó ÓóÈöíáöåöãú Ýöí ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãú áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÊóÑúßö ãõÔóÇÞøóÊöåö.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÓóÈöíáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏó Ïöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÓóÈöíáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ ßóíúÝó æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ; áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÎóÇÕøðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö
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(1) íõÞóÇáõ: áóÇ ÊõäóÇÞõÖó áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì Íõßúãò ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝöíåóÇ ßóÇäó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÍõßúãöåóÇ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÍóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÊöãøó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ Èóíúäó æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú ÝöíåöãóÇ.(1/201)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áóßöäøóåõ ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÓóÇÈöÞóÉö ÊóÈóíøõäö ÇáúåõÏóì ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÇáúåõÏóì} æóÇáúåõÏóì ãóÐúßõæÑñ ÈöÇáúÃóáöÝö æóÇááøóÇãö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÛúÑöÞóÉö¡ ÝóíóÏúÎõáõ Ýöíåö ßõáøõ åõÏðì ÍóÊøóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ÇáúåõÏóì ÈöÏóáöíáöåö æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúåõÏóì ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÞóÏøõãö ÈóíóÇäöåö ÈöÏóáöíáöåö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö åõÏðì áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó äóÝúÓó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Èóáú åõæó ÛóíúÑõåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÙõåõæÑõ Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ßóÇÝò Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóßöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõæäó ; áöÃóäøó ÓóÈöíáóåõãú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áöÃóäøó ÓóÈöíáóåõãú ÓóÈöíáõåõ¡ æóÓóÈöíáõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ æóáóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó ßóæúäõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäõ åõæó ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöäñ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõÚúáóãú ßóæúäõåõãú ãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ áöÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØöåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóäóÒøóáúäóÇ Úóáóíúßó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÊöÈúíóÇäðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò} æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÑõÏøõæåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö} ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÃúßõáõæÇ ÃóãúæóÇáóßõãú} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} äóåóì ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäú åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÊóíúäö æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÕóæøõÑöåöãóÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóãóäú ÊõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ æóáóÇ ÝöÚúáõåõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÞóØúÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÃóÞóÑøó ãõÚóÇÐðÇ áóãøóÇ ÓóÃóáóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãóÚúãõæáö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÅöåúãóÇáöåö áöÐößúÑö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÏóáöíáðÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú æóÑóÏó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö Îõáõæøö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóãøóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÈóÏóÃó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÛóÑöíÈðÇ æóÓóíóÚõæÏõ ßóãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó» ".(1/202)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ: " «áóÇ ÊóÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÈóÚúÏöí ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ» " äóåóì Çáúßõáøó Úóäö ÇáúßõÝúÑö¡ æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÌóæóÇÒö æõÞõæÚöåö ãöäúåõãú.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÈöÖõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇäúÊöÒóÇÚðÇ æóáóßöäú ÈöÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÚóÇáöãñ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÑõÄóÓóÇÁó ÌõåøóÇáðÇ ÝóÓõÆöáõæÇ ÝóÃóÝúÊóæúÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò ÝóÖóáøõæÇ æóÃóÖóáøõæÇ» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÊóÚóáøóãõæÇ ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖó æóÚóáøöãõæåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓó ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ íõäúÓóì» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÊóÑúßóÈõäøó Óóäóäó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáóßõãú ÍóÐúæó ÇáúÞõÐøóÉö ÈöÇáúÞõÐøóÉö» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÞóÑúäõ ÇáøóÐöí ÃóäóÇ Ýöíåö Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáøóÐöí íóáöíåö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÈúÞóì ÍõËóÇáóÉñ ßóÍõËóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóãúÑö áóÇ íóÚúÈóÃõ Çááøóåõ Èöåöãú» ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ ÝóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃõæáóíóíúäö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÃõãøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÃõãøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð ßóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉó áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÏóáöíáò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÏóáöíáðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ ßóÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Þóæúáõåõãú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó (ãöäú) áöáúÚõãõæãö ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäö ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏó Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ Èöåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóæóÚøóÏò Úóáóíúåö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈóÇØöáñº áöÃóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ÎóØóÃð áóßöäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÞøò ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Óóáøóãó Ãóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö áóíúÓóÊú ÎóØóÃð.
ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ÎóØóÃð Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÞóÏú äóÇÞóÖó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏõ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: åóÐóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäøó ãóäú ÔóÇÞøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ãóÚó ãõÔóÇÞøóÊöåö áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóãõÔóÇÞøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö áóíúÓóÊú ãóÚúÕöíóÉð ÝóÞóØú æóÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó(1/203)
ãóÚúÕöíóÉñ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóíúåö ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú ÕóÏøóÞó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÝóÚóáó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ Åöäøóåõ ãõÔóÇÞøñ áöáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÓóÏöíÏò.
ÝóÅöäøó áöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãó ãöäó ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö áöáäøóÈöíøö ÊóßúÐöíÈõåõ¡ æóÃóäøó ãóäú ßóÐøóÈó ÇáäøóÈöíøó áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóßöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó ÈöÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ.
æóÞöíáó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåö ÃóíúÖðÇ Åöäøó ÇáúæóÚöíÏó ÅöÐóÇ ÚõáøöÞó Úóáóì ÃóãúÑóíúäö ÇÞúÊóÖóì Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏó Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÌõãúáóÉð æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏðÇ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì {æóÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íóÏúÚõæäó ãóÚó Çááøóåö ÅöáóåðÇ ÂÎóÑó æóáóÇ íóÞúÊõáõæäó ÇáäøóÝúÓó ÇáøóÊöí ÍóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóÇ íóÒúäõæäó æóãóäú íóÝúÚóáú Ðóáößó íóáúÞó ÃóËóÇãðÇ} ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÞúÊóÖöí áõÍõæÞó ÇáúãóÃúËóãö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÌõãúáóÉð¡ æóÈößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ËõÈõæÊó ÇáúÅöËúãö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóÝóÇÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì áõÒõæãö ÇáúãóÃúËóãö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÈöÎõÕõæÕöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ áóãú íóÏõáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ Úóáóì ãõÖóÇÚóÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉð áöÊõÖóÇÚõÝö ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉð áöÐóáößó áóßöäøó äóÝúíó ÇáúãõÊóÖóÇÚöÝö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {íõÖóÇÚóÝú áóåõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö æóíóÎúáõÏú Ýöíåö ãõåóÇäðÇ} Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó áöÒóæúÌóÊöåö: " Åöäú ßóáøóãúÊö ÒóíúÏðÇ æóÚõãóÑó Ãóæú Åöäú ßóáøóãúÊö ÒóíúÏðÇ¡ æóÏóÎóáúÊö ÇáÏøóÇÑó ÝóÃóäúÊö ØóÇáöÞñ " ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞõ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáúãõÚóáøóÞó Úóáóì ÃóãúÑóíúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ áóßóÇäó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó(1/204)
ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöãóÝúÓóÏóÉò ãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉò (1) Ãóæú áóÇ áöãóÝúÓóÏóÉò.
áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ áóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó Ýöíåö áóÇ ÊóæóÚøõÏó Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ãóæú áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãõÔóÇÞøóÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÐößúÑõ ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ßóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö ßóãóÇ Þöíáó¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: " {æóíóÊøóÈöÚú ÛóíúÑó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} "¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó áóÒöãó ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏõ áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÓóæóÇÁñ æõÌöÏóÊö ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉõ Ãóæú áóãú ÊõæÌóÏú (2) .
Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøó (ÛóíúÑó) ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏóÉñ Èóíúäó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó (ÛóíúÑõ) åóÇåõäóÇ ÕöÝóÉð ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÊóÍúÑöíãõ ãõÊóÇÈöÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÝöÚúáò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö Ãóäú íóÍúÑõãó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÈöÍóÙúÑöåö Ãóæú æõÌõæÈöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÍúÑöíãó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóÐóáößó íóÚõãøõ ÊóÍúÑöíãó ßõáøö ÓóÈöíáò åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÓóÈöíáõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäö ÇÎúÊóÇÑó áöäóÝúÓöåö ÍóÇáóÉð¡ æóÊóãóÓøóßó ÈöåóÇ æóßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöåóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÅöäøóåóÇ ÓóÈöíáõåõ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáõ Ãóæö ÇÊøóÍóÏóÊú.
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ãõÊóÚóÞöáóÉñ
(2) åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøó Èóíúäó ãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÊóáóÇÒõãðÇ¡ ßóÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãö Èóíúäó ãóÚúÕöíóÉö Çááøóåö æóãóÚúÕöíóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Ýóßõáøõ ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÔóÇÞøóÉð áöáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚñ áöÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóßóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóßúÓõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÚúÕöíóÉò áöáøóåö ãóÚúÕöíóÉñ áöÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóßõáøó ØóÇÚóÉò áöáøóåö Ãóæú áöÞóÖóÇÆöåö ØóÇÚóÉñ áöÑóÓõæáöåö æóáöÞóÖóÇÆöåö¡ ßóÐóÇ ÇáúÚóßúÓõ. ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóãóäú íõØöÚö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ íõÏúÎöáúåõ ÌóäøóÇÊò ÊóÌúÑöí ãöäú ÊóÍúÊöåóÇ ÇáúÃóäúåóÇÑõ ÎóÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÇ æóÐóáößó ÇáúÝóæúÒõ ÇáúÚóÙöíãõ æóãóäú íóÚúÕö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ æóíóÊóÚóÏøó ÍõÏõæÏóåõ íõÏúÎöáúåõ äóÇÑðÇ ÎóÇáöÏðÇ ÝöíåóÇ æóáóåõ ÚóÐóÇÈñ ãõåöíäñ) (ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöãõÄúãöäò æóáóÇ ãõÄúãöäóÉò ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÖóì Çááøóåõ æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóåõãõ ÇáúÎöíóÑóÉõ ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú æóãóäú íóÚúÕö Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÝóÞóÏú Öóáøó ÖóáóÇáðÇ ãõÈöíäðÇ) (ÇáúÃóÍúÒóÇÈö) ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ãóäú íõØöÚö ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóØóÇÚó Çááøóåó) ÇáúÂíóÉó. æóÝöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóäú ÃóØóÇÚóäöí ÝóÞóÏú ÃóØóÇÚó Çááøóåó æóãóäú ÚóÕóÇäöí ÝóÞóÏó ÚóÕóÇ Çááøóåó. . ÅöáóÎú. Ýóáóãú íóßúÊóÝö ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóáóãú íóäúÝóßøó Úóäúåõ.(1/205)
æóÅöÐóÇ Þöíáó ÝõáóÇäñ Óóáóßó ÓóÈöíáó ÇáÊøõÌøóÇÑö Ýóåõãú ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÝúÚóáõ ÃóÝúÚóÇáóåõãú æóíóÊóÒóíøóÇ ÈöÒöíøöåöãú¡ æóíóÊóÎóáøóÞõ ÈöÃóÎúáóÇÞöåöãú¡ æóíóÌúÑöí Úóáóì ÚóÇÏóÇÊöåöãú.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ ÇáÓøóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÚøóÏö Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÔóíúÁò ãõÚóíøóäò ãöäú ßõÝúÑò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑöåö Èóáú íóÚõãøõ Ðóáößó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÓóÈöíáöåöãú.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóæú áóãú äóÚúÊóÞöÏú Ðóáößó áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóÝúÙõ (ÇáÓøóÈöíáö) ãõÈúåóãðÇ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöãóÝúåõæãöåö¡ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ Óóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ íóÍúÑõãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ßõáøö ÓóÈöíáò Óöæóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝóáóÇ äõÑöíÏõ Èößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú {ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} ) ßõáøõ ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÊóäúÒöíáõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ æóáóÝúÙõ (ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ÍóÞöíÞóÉð íóßõæäõ áöãóäú åõæó ãõÊøóÕöÝñ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö¡ æóÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇÝõ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇáúÍóíóÇÉö¡ æóãóäú áóÇ ÍóíóÇÉó áóåõ ãöãøóäú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÈóÚúÏõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ ÝóáóÝúÙõ (ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò Ïõæäó ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóæú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó.
æóåóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ãóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÝóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö Úóáóì ãóäú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÎõÕõæãö (1) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÒøóÌúÑõ Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãú¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò ÚöäúÏó Íóãúáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú Âãóäó Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÅöÐú áóÇ ÒóÌúÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÍóËøó Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúÂíóÉõ æóÅöäú ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇáöãö¡ æóÇáúÌóÇåöáö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÑóÇÏò ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóáóÇ (2) äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó
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(1) áóÇ íõÓóáøöãõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÐóáößó ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑöØõ ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ëõãøó åõæó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÎõÕõæãö.
(2) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÈöÍóÐúÝö ÇáúæóÇæö ; ÅöÐú åõæó ÌóæóÇÈñ ÚóãøóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö(1/206)
Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí (1) æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÍõÌøóÉñ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÝóÊóÈúÞóì ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÞöí.
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóÝúÙõ (ÇáÓøóÈöíáö) ãõÝúÑóÏñ áóÇ Úõãõæãó Ýöíåö¡ Úóäúåõ ÌóæóÇÈóÇäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ Úõãõæãöåö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ (2) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇãøðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÚóÇãøðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÇãøðÇ ÈöáóÝúÙöåö Ýóåõæó ÚóÇãøñ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ æóÅöíãóÇÆöåõ Ðóáößóº áöÃóäøó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ãóíøó ÓóÈöíáò ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÓöÈñ áößóæúäöåö ãóÕúáóÍöíøðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÑõÊøöÈó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì æóÝúÞöåö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÚöáøóÉð áöæõÌõæÈö ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãóåúãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó.
Þóæúáõåõãú: íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æõÌõæÈõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ æóÍóßóãõæÇ Èößóæúäöåö ãõÈóÇÍðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÊõäóÇÞõÖñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÂíóÉõ æóÅöäú ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó Ýöí ßõáøö ÓóÈöíáò áóåõãú¡ ÝóÝöÚúáõåõãú áöáúãõÈóÇÍö ÓóÈöíáñ¡ æóÍõßúãõåõãú ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÓóÈöíáñ.
æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ýöí ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöÝöÚúáöåöãú áóåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåóÇ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÌóæóÇÒö ÊóÑúßöåö (3) .
Þóæúáõåõãú: íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó æõÌõæÈõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÊóÍúÑöíãöåö (4) ¡ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÓóäõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóåúãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì Íõßúãò Ãóäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: íóÍúÊóãöáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊóåõãú Ýöí ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãú áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÊóÑúßö ãõÔóÇÞøóÊöåö Ãóæö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡
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(1) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍóíúËõ ÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ ÏõÎõæáó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö¡ æóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóåõ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
(2) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÇáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó (ÛóíúÑó) ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏóÉñ Èóíúäó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÅöáøóÇ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÕøöÝóÉö.
(3) ãõÞúÊóÖóì Þóæúáöåö: æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ. Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöáúÂíóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåò æóãõæóÇÝöÞñ áóåóÇ ãöäú æóÌúåò æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Íõßúãó ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ÈöÅöÈóÇÍóÉö ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÍöíäóãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÚóáõæåõ Úóäú æóÌúåö ÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÅöÈóÇÍóÊöåöãú¡ æóÝöí ÝöÚúáöåö Åöäú ÃóÑóÏúäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóæúÞóÚõæåõ Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑõ æóÇáúÅöÈóÇÍóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó áöáúÂíóÉö ÈöæóÌúåò ãóÇ æóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó.
(4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö Õ (201) .(1/207)
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Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøóåõ ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÓóÇÈöÞóÉö ÊóÈóíøõäö ÇáúåõÏóì Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÊóÈóíøõäó ÇáúåõÏóì ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÔúÑõæØñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÚöíÏö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÚöíÏö Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉó áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÈóíøõäö ÇáúåõÏóì æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÈöÏóáöíáöåö æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÑöÝú Ðóáößó áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÊóÈóíøõäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚöíøóÉö áóíúÓó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöÏóáöíáö Ãóäøó ãóäú ÊóÈóíøóäó ÕöÏúÞó ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóÍóÇÏó Úóäúåõ æóÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÈóíøöäò áóåóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÔóÇÞøóÉö ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõÔúÊóÑóØóÉð Ýöí áõÍõæÞö ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÝöíåóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÑóÌóÊú ãóÎúÑóÌó ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö æóÇáÊøóÈúÌöíáö áöáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÇáÐøóãøö ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáöåöãú.
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÊóÈóíøõäö ßóæúäöåö åõÏðì¡ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú Ýöí ÓóÈöíáöåöãú áöÃóÌúáö Ãóäøóåõ ÓóÈöíáñ áóåõãú Èóáú áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö áöÊóÈóíøõäö ßóæúäöåö åõÏðì¡ áóÈóØóáóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÊóÚúÙöíãö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö æóÊóãóíøõÒöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÙóåóÑó ÇáúåõÏóì Ýöí Þóæúáöåö æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóÇáúæóÚöíÏõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúæóÚöíÏö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáúíóåõæÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ßóæúäõ ãõÚúÊóÞóÏöåöãú Ýöíåö åõÏðì ßóÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö¡ æóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ßóæúäö ãõæÓóì ÑóÓõæáðÇ ßóÑöíãðÇ.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó (ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Ãóæú ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ Úóäúåõ ÌóæóÇÈóÇäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÚóÇãøóÉñ ÝóÊóÎúÕöíÕõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÈöÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó (1) ÇáøóÐöíäó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáò.
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: Ãóæú.(1/208)
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÚöíÏö ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãõ ÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö æóÍúÏóåõ Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÓóáøóãúäóÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóßöäú ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõÄúãöäõæäó ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáÒøóÌúÑõ Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÓóÈöíáõåõãú ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÅöÔúßóÇáó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõßúÊóÝóì Ýöíåö ÈöÇáÙøóäøö Ãóæú íõßúÊóÝóì Ýöíåö ÈöÇáÙøóäøö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÊóßúáöíÝñ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõØóÇÞõ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÐóßóÑóåóÇ (1) ãóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ßóæúäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÊöÈúíóÇäðÇ áößõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóÃóÕúáðÇ áóåõ¡ (2) æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Ýóåöíó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóíúåöãú ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáÑøóÏøö Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ýöí ßõáøö ãõÊóäóÇÒóÚò Ýöíåö¡ æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð ãöãøóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÑóÏóÏúäóÇåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÍóíúËõ ÃóËúÈóÊúäóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåõãú ãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó Ýöí Ðóáößó (3) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó ÝöíåöãóÇ ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ äõåõæÇ Úóäúåõ Èóáú åõæó ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò Úóáóì ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ÌóæóÇÒõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó áöÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú ÛóÇíóÉõ Ðóáößó ÌóæóÇÒõ æõÞõæÚöåóÇ ãöäúåõãú ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúæõÞõæÚõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÞóÏú äõåöíó Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíäó} ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöäóÈöíøöåö: {áóÆöäú ÃóÔúÑóßúÊó áóíóÍúÈóØóäøó Úóãóáõßó} ÅöÐú æóÑóÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö Çáäøóåúíö ãóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãö Èößóæúäöåö ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÐóßóÑúäóÇåóÇ.
(2) ÅöÐú åõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ ãõÕóÏøóÞóÉñ áöãóÇ ÇÓúÊóäóÏóÊú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÝóÑøóÚóÊú Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÊóÙóÇÝõÑö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö.
(3) æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõ æóÌúåö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÍõÌøöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.(1/209)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò ãóäúåöíøñ Úóäö ÇáÒøöäóì æóÔõÑúÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö æóÞóÊúáö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÍóÞøò¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí.
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó æóáóãú íóÕúÏõÑú Úóäúåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöí äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÞóÏú Úóáöãó ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÚúÕõæãðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÊóÚóáøõÞö Úöáúãö Çááøóåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈöåóÇ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ãóäúåöíøñ ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÎóÈóÑõ ãõÚóÇÐò ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íõÐúßóÑú Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãõÄóÎøóÑðÇ áöÈóíóÇäöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóíúåö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÈóÏóÃó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ ÛóÑöíÈðÇ æóÓóíóÚõæÏõ ßóãóÇ ÈóÏóÃó» " (1) áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ãóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö åõãõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «áóÇ ÊóÑúÌöÚõæÇ ÈóÚúÏöí ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ» " (2) ¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚó ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãõÚóíøóäöíäó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎöØóÇÈðÇ ãóÚó Çáúßõáøö ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÂíóÇÊö ÇáúãóäóÇåöí áöáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÚóÇáöãñ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÑõÄóÓóÇÁó ÌõåøóÇáðÇ» " (3) ÇáúÍóÏöíËó Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõäúßöÑõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóÚó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì Îõáõæøö ÂÎöÑö ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Îõáõæøö ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Úóãøóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö æóÍóÊøóì íóÙúåóÑó ÇáÏøóÌøóÇáõ» ".
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «æóÇÔóæúÞóÇåõ Åöáóì ÅöÎúæóÇäöí¡ ÞóÇáõæÇ: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÃóáóÓúäóÇ ÅöÎúæóÇäóßó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÃóäúÊõãú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí¡ ÅöÎúæóÇäöí Þóæúãñ íóÃúÊõæäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí íóåúÑóÈõæäó ÈöÏöíäöåöãú ãöäú ÔóÇåöÞò Åöáóì ÔóÇåöÞò æóíóÕúáõÍõæäó ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÓóÏó ÇáäøóÇÓõ» ".
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÌóæóÇÈõåõ.
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(1) ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò.
(2) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÎõØúÈóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóíøóÇãó ãöäðì Ýöí ÍóÌøóÉö ÇáúæóÏóÇÚö¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ.
(3) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ æóãõÓúáöãñ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóæøóáõåõ: Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóÞúÈöÖõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇäúÊöÒóÇÚðÇ íóäúÊóÒöÚõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö¡ æóáóßöäú íóÞúÈöÖõåõ ÈöÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.(1/210)
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÅöäøóåóÇ ÃõãøóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð ßóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ÇáúÅöÓúÝóÑóÇíöäöíøõ¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó Çáúãöáóáö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÞóÈúáó ÇáäøóÓúÎö.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÑöÏú Ýöí ÍóÞøöåöãú ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÚõáóãóÇÁö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóÉõ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏõ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöíåö áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áóÇ ÛóíúÑó¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöíåö ÊóÞúáöíÏõ ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö áöáúÚóÇáöãö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÃóÏöáøóÉò íóÔúÊóÑößõ ÝöíåóÇ Çáúßõáøõ æóåöíó ÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÚóÇáöãö ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ãóæú æóÌóÈó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ãóæúáóì (1) .
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóíóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Úóáóíúßõãú ÔóåöíÏðÇ} æóÕóÝó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó Èößóæúäöåöãú æóÓóØðÇ¡ æóÇáúæóÓóØõ åõæó ÇáúÚóÏúáõ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇááøõÛóÉõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÞóÇáó ÃóæúÓóØõåõãú Ãóáóãú ÃóÞõáú áóßõãú} ÃóÚúÏóáõåõãú¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÎóíúÑõ ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÃóæúÓóÇØõåóÇ» ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇááøõÛóÉõ ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
åõãú æóÓóØñ íóÑúÖóì ÇáúÃóäóÇãõ ÈöÍõßúãöåöãú ... ÅöÐóÇ äóÒóáóÊú ÅöÍúÏóì ÇááøóíóÇáöí ÈöãõÚúÙóãö (2) Ãóíú ÚõÏõæáñ.
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(1) íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ãóÇ æóÖóÍó ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ æóÊóãóßøóäó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ ãöäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö æóáóæú ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÚóÇäóÉö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúËö áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏõ Ýöíåö¡ æóãóÇ ÚóÌóÒó Úóäúåõ ãöäú ÃóÍúßóÇãöåöãóÇ¡ æóáóæú ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÍóÓóÈó ØóÇÞóÊöåö ÞóáøóÏó Ýöíåö ãóäú íóËöÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ ÚöÈóÇÏóåõ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåõãú¡ ÝóáóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúæõÖõæÍö æóÇáúÎóÝóÇÁö æóÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúÏóÇÏö æóÙõÑõæÝö ÇáúÍóíóÇÉö.
(2) ÇáúÈóíúÊõ áöÒõåóíúÑö Èúäö ÃóÈöí Óõáúãóì¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÝúÓöíÑó ÇÈúäö ÌóÑöíÑò áöáúÂíóÉö¡ æóÊóÚúáöíÞó ÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐö ãóÍúãõæÏö ãõÍóãøóÏö ÔóÇßöÑò Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊö.(1/211)
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÏøóáóåõãú æóÌóÚóáóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÌõÚöáó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáöåö ÚóáóíúäóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Óöæóì ßóæúäö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÕúÝõåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö áöíóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Åöáóíúåöãõ ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó¡ æóÐóáößó íóÞúÊóÖöí ÚóÏóÇáóÊóåõãú æóÞóÈõæáó ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÍóÇáóÉó ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõæäó Ïõæäó ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÊøóÍóãøõáö Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ æóÕóÝóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} áóÝúÙõ Úõãõæãò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò Èóáú åõæó ãõØúáóÞñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò ÝóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ãõÌúãóáóÉð æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúãõÌúãóáö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãõÌúãóáóÉð¡ æóáóßöäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóãöáúäóÇ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÈöÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÊóßúáöíÝöåöãú ÈöãóÇ ßóáøóÝóåõãú Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö áöÊóæúÝöíóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÂíóÉö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÞóÈõæáó ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ßõáøò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÎóÕøóÕñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÇáúÝõÓøóÇÞö¡ æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁö æóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãøö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö¡ áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí.
(áóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ¡ ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú æóÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÈóÇØöäðÇ) (1) Èóáú ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóßöäú ÝöíãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõæäó Èöåö áóÇ ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúßõãõæäó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó áóíúÓó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÞóÈõæáó Þóæúáöåöãú ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó ÌóãöíÚö ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÅöÐú áóíúÓõæÇ ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
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(1) Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóæúÓóíúäö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú¡ æóÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÈóÇØöäðÇ.(1/212)
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúæóÍúíö áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúæóÍúíö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÈóÞóÇÁö ßõáøö ãóäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóÃóäú íóÚúÑöÝó ãóÞóÇáóåõ ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö æóåõæó ãõÊóÚóÐøóÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøó æóÕúÝó ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇäö æóÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÊóÚúÙöíãö ÔóÃúäöåöãú.
æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Ãóæú ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö áóÇ ÛóíúÑó¡ áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúÃõãóãö ÚõÏõæáñ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ Èóáú ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó ãöäúåõãú (1) ¡ æóÝöíåö ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóÞóÇáó ÓóäóÌúÚóáõßõãú ÚõÏõæáðÇ¡ áóÇ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞöÓúãó ÇáËøóÇäöíó æóÇáËøóÇáöËó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÇáúÚõãõæãö Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö äóÝúíðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇáö Úóäö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó áóíúÓó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: {áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} Èóáú Ýöí æóÕúÝöåöãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ æóãóåúãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÚõÏõæáðÇ æóÌóÈó ÞóÈõæáõ Þóæúáöåöãú Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò æóÈöåö íóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æóÕúÝö ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóãõÞúÊóÖóì Ðóáößó ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ ÌõãúáóÉð æóÂÍóÇÏðÇ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÝóÊóÈúÞóì ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõæäóåõ ÌõãúáóÉð æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
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(1) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãóãö Ãõãóãó ÇáúÅöÌóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóíú: ßõáøõ ÃõãøóÉò ÂãóäóÊú ÈöÑóÓõæáöåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÊöåóÇ æóÚöÕúãóÊöåóÇ íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÌóãöíÚöåóÇ Ãõãóãó ÇáÏøóÚúæóÉö Ãóíú ãöãøóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÏóÚúæóì ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú æóÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉò¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÍóÇáö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö íóæúãó ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö: (Ëõãøó áóãú Êóßõäú ÝöÊúäóÊõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú ÞóÇáõæÇ æóÇááøóåö ÑóÈøöäóÇ ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ ãõÔúÑößöíäó ÇäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó ßóÐóÈõæÇ Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú) ¡ æóÞóÇáó (ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÊóæóÝøóÇåõãõ ÇáúãóáóÇÆößóÉõ ÙóÇáöãöí ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÝóÃóáúÞóæõÇ ÇáÓøóáóãó ãóÇ ßõäøóÇ äóÚúãóáõ ãöäú ÓõæÁò Èóáóì Åöäøó Çááøóåó Úóáöíãñ ÈöãóÇ ßõäúÊõãú ÊóÚúãóáõæäó)(1/213)
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð ÓóäõÈúØöáõåõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÃúÊöí (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõãú Èößóæúäöåöãú ÚõÏõæáðÇ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö áößóæúäöåö ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÝöíøóÇÊö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóßöíãó ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÔóÎúÕò Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÚóÏúáò Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö áóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÚóÏúáñ.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó æóÕúÝõåõãú ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö ãöãøóÇ íóÑóæúäóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö íóÌöÈõ ÕöÏúÞõåõãú Ýöíåö æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÚõÏõæáðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÕóÇÏöÞöíäó Ýöíåö Ýóåõæó ÕóæóÇÈñ áößóæúäöåö ÍóÓóäðÇ Ýóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÍóÓóäðÇ Ýóåõæó ÍóÓóäñ ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö» " (2) æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÕóæóÇÈðÇ ßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ÎóØóÃð æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚö¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì Íóãúáö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú Âãóäó ÈöÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóáóÇ Úóáóì ãóäú ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÞúæóÇáóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãõÍúÊóÌøò ÈöåóÇ Ýöí Òóãóäöåö æóáóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõãú ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú ãóÇÊó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÞóÈúáó æóÝóÇÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÊóÍúÞöíÞðÇ áöÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ßóæúäöåöãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁó (3) .
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö} ) æóÇáúÃóáöÝõ æóÇááøóÇãõ ÅöÐóÇ ÏóÎóáóÊú Úóáóì ÇÓúãö ÇáúÌöäúÓö ÚóãøóÊú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ æóãõÞúÊóÖóì ÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÐóáößó ÃóãúÑõåõãú Èößõáøö ãóÚúÑõæÝò æóäóåúíõåõãú Úóäú ßõáøö ãõäúßóÑò¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃõãöÑõæÇ ÈöÔóíúÁò ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ Ãóæú ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõäúßóÑðÇ æóÅöáøóÇ áóßóÇäõæÇ äóÇåöíäó Úóäúåõ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÚõãõæãö ÇáøóÐöí ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ áóÇ ÂãöÑöíäó Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó
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(1) ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
(2) åõæó ãöäú ßóáóÇãö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò.
(3) ÇÚúÊóÑóÖó ÇáúÅöÓúäóæöíøõ Ýöí " äöåóÇíóÉö ÇáÓøõæáö Ýöí ÔóÑúÍö ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö " Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÂíóÉö " æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú. . . " ÅöáóÎú. ÈöÃóäøóåõ áöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó áóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉó áóÇ ÊõäóÇÝöí ÕõÏõæÑó ÇáúÈóÇØöáö äöÓúíóÇäðÇ æóÛóáóØðÇ. . . ÅöáóÎú¡ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö.(1/214)
ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ ÝóÎöáóÇÝõåõ íóßõæäõ ãõäúßóÑðÇ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ äóåóæúÇ Úóäú ÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóßóÇäõæÇ ÂãöÑöíäó Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõæãö áóÇ äóÇåöíäó Úóäúåõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõäúßóÑðÇ ÝóÎöáóÇÝõåõ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóáöÝó æóÇááøóÇãó ÇáÏøóÇÎöáóÉó Úóáóì ÇÓúãö ÇáúÌöäúÓö áöáöÇÓúÊöÛúÑóÇÞö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÚóÇãøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö Èößõáøö ãóÚúÑõæÝò æóáóÇ Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ßõáøö ãõäúßóÑò.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúÚõãõæãö áóßöäøó Þóæúáóåõ: (ßõäúÊõãú) íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåöãú ãõÊøóÕöÝöíäó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝõåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú æóäóåúíöåöãú áóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÞóÈúáó äõÒõæáö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ýóíóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇÊøöÕóÇÝóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÏóÇãóÊöåöãú áöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú æóäóåúíöåöãú ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð Ãóæú Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó Çáúßõáøö¡ áóßöäøó Ðóáößó íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ßóæúäó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÕøöÝóÉö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÚúáóãõ ÎöáóÇÝó Ðóáößó ÖóÑõæÑóÉð¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóÐóáößó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚóíøóäò æóáóÇ ãóÚúáõæãò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÚõãõæãóÇÊö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÊóãúíöíÒöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãóãö¿ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ãóÍúãõæáóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö áóÈóØóáóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÃõãøóÉò ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÃóãóÑóÊú ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö ßóÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú æóÔóÑóÇÆöÚöåöãú¡ æóäóåóÊú Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö ßóäóåúíöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö æóÊóßúÐöíÈö ÃóäúÈöíóÇÆöåöãú.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ Åöäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó (ßóÇäó) åóÇåõäóÇ ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð Ãóæú ÊóÇãøóÉð Ãóæú ÒóãóÇäöíøóÉð.(1/215)
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúÝóÑóÒúÏóÞö:
ÝóßóíúÝó ÅöÐóÇ ãóÑóÑúÊõ ÈöÏóÇÑö Þóæúãò ... æóÌöíÑóÇäò áóäóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ßöÑóÇãðÇ (1) ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÚóáó (ßöÑóÇãðÇ) äóÚúÊðÇ áöáúÌöíÑóÇäö æóÃóáúÛóì (ßóÇäó) Ýóåöíó ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ÍóÇáðÇ¡ áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí æóÅöäú ÃóÝóÇÏóÊú äóÕúÈó {ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò} ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßóíúÝó äõßóáøöãõ ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóåúÏö ÕóÈöíøðÇ} .
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÇãøóÉð¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí Êóßõæäõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúæõÞõæÚö æóÇáúÍõÏõæËö¡ æóíõßúÊóÝóì ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÇÓúãò æóÇÍöÏò áóÇ ÎóÈóÑó Ýöíåö ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðõæ ÚõÓúÑóÉò ÝóäóÙöÑóÉñ Åöáóì ãóíúÓóÑóÉò} ãóÚúäóÇåõ ÍóÖóÑó Ãóæú æóÞóÚó Ðõæ ÚõÓúÑóÉò¡ æóßóÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÔøöÊóÇÁõ ÝóÃóÏúÝöÆõæäöí ... ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúÎó íóåúÏöãõåõ ÇáÔøöÊóÇÁõ
Ýóíóßõæäõ ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáöåö: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò} Ãóíú: æõÌöÏúÊõãú¡ æóíóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ: {ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò} äóÕúÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö áóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÖöí.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÒóãóÇäöíøóÉð æóåöíó ÇáäøóÇÞöÕóÉõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóÇÌõ Åöáóì ÇÓúãò æóÎóÈóÑò¡ ÝóßóÇäó¡ æóÅöäú ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúãóÇÖöí ÝóÞóæúáõåõ: {ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö} íóÞúÊóÖöí ßóæúäóåõãú ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ßõáøö ÍóÇáò áöæõÑõæÏö Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóÚúÙöíãö áöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ (2) .
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö} ÝöÚúáñ ãõÖóÇÑöÚñ ÕóÇáöÍñ áöáúÍóÇáö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáö.
æóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝöíåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚõãõæãö äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ Óõáøöãó ßóæúäõ ÇáúÂíóÉö ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóåõæó ßóÇÝò (3) ÅöÐú åõæó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÕõæóÑö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ßöÑóÇãò¡ ÈöÇáúÌóÑøö ÕöÝóÉñ áöÌöíÑóÇäò ÓóæóÇÁñ ÃóßóÇäóÊú ßóÇäó äóÇÞöÕóÉð¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÌõãúáóÊõåóÇ ãõÚúÊóÑöÖóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö¡ Ãóãú ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÇãøóÉð Ãóãú ÒóÇÆöÏóÉð¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ æóÍúÏóåóÇ Ãóæú ãóÚó ÝóÇÚöáöåóÇ ãõÚúÊóÑöÖóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáÕøöÝóÉö æóÇáúãóæúÕõæÝö.
(2) åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ åõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó äóÇÞöÕóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÃúäó ßõáøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Èößõáøö ãóÚúÑõæÝò æóÇáäøóåúíõ Úóäú ßõáøö ãõäúßóÑò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÈóÇáö.
(3) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö ãóÐúåóÈö ãóäú áóÇ íóÑóì ÍõÌøöíøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ áóßöäú ÊóÈúÞóì ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÏóáöíáðÇ áöáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö Úóáóì ÍõÌøöíøóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóÞóØú Ïõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú¡ æóÅöÐóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöÏóÚúæóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö ÍõÌøöíøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÚõÕõæÑö.(1/216)
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö Ãóäøó ÇáúÎöØóÇÈó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäú ÃóãúÑöåöãú æóäóåúíöåöãú ÌõãúáóÉð æóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö.
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÚúÊóÕöãõæÇ ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ÌóãöíÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ} ) æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÇ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì äóåóì Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÊóÝóÑøõÞñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Óöæóì Çáäøóåúíö Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÌõæÏó ÕöíÛóÉö Çáäøóåúíö - æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇåóÇ - æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáäøóæóÇåöí.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Çáäøóåúíö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÑöíãö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Úõãõæãó Çáäøóåúíö Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ Èóáö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ÅöÐú åõæó ÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ áöÚóÈöíÏöåö: (ÇÏúÎõáõæÇ ÇáúÈóáóÏó ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó æóáóÇ ÊóÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ) ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäúåõ Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö Ýöí ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÈóáóÏö¡ æóãóÇ áóãú íõÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇÚúÊöÕóÇãñ ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåöº ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞõ ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó Çáäøóåúíó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÊóÝóÑøõÞò¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãóÎúÕõæÕñ ÈöãóÇ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ Ùóäøõåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÙøõäõæäõ æóÇáúÂÑóÇÁõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉð ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èöåö áóÇ ãóäúåöíøðÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö áóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáðÇ áöãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÍúÊóÌøò Èöåö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÍóÞøõÞó áöæõÌõæÏöåöãú ÈöÌõãúáóÊöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÊöåöº ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáäøóæóÇåöí.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {æóÇÚúÊóÕöãõæÇ ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ÌóãöíÚðÇ} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö¡ æóÞóæúáóåõ: {æóáóÇ ÊóÝóÑøóÞõæÇ} äóåúíñ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö Ýöí ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Çáäøóåúíõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö ÈöÍóÈúáö Çááøóåö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÕóÇãö Èöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÊóÃúßöíÏðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÇáÊøóÃúÓöíÓõ Ïõæäó ÇáÊøóÃúßöíÏö.(1/217)
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ÈóíóÇäõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÚóÇãøö ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúÚõãõæãóÇÊö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÝóÑøõÞö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÝöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãóäú æõÌöÏó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóåõãú¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó æóÇáäøóåúíó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö æóÌõæÏöåöãú æóÝóåúãöåöãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö.
ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÃóØöíÚõæÇ Çááøóåó æóÃóØöíÚõæÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáó æóÃõæáöí ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãöäúßõãú ÝóÅöäú ÊóäóÇÒóÚúÊõãú Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ÝóÑõÏøõæåõ Åöáóì Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö} .
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö: Ãóäøóåõ ÔóÑóØó ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚó Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáÑøóÏøö Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÔúÑõæØõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóãö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏö ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚõ ÝóÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ßóÇÝò Úóäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÓõÞõæØõ æõÌõæÈö ÇáÑøóÏøö Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÈöäóÇÁò ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ßóÇÝöíóÇäö Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö æóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÝöíåö ÊóÌúæöíÒõ æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ ãóÇäöÚñ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáÔøóÑúØö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÝúÑõæÖñ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáÊøóäóÇÒõÚõ ãöãøóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó áöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãöíäó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑó Ïóáöíáöåö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöíóÕöÍøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØõ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑó Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ãóäú æõÌöÏó ÈóÚúÏó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ãóæö ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ãóäú æõÌöÏó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÞóáøöÏóÉö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóäú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóãõÔúßöáñ ÌöÏøðÇ.
æóÇÚúáóãú Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáÙøóäøö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏóÉò áöáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ ÝóÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò Ùóäøöíøò ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏò áöáúãóØúáõæÈö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íóÒúÚõãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ.
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö(1/218)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóåöíó ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ÇáØøõÑõÞö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÞóÇØöÚóÉð¡ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñóæóì ÃóÌöáøóÇÁõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ßóÚõãóÑó¡ æóÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö¡ æóÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ æóÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ æóÍõÐóíúÝóÉó Èúäö ÇáúíóãóÇäö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÇÊò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ãõÊøóÝöÞóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö ßóÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö» ¡ «ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö» ¡ «æóáóãú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ ÈöÇáøóÐöí íóÌúãóÚõ ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö» ¡ «áóãú íóßõäö Çááøóåõ áöíóÌúãóÚó ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö» ¡ «æóÓóÃóáúÊõ Çááøóåó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúãóÚó ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö ÝóÃóÚúØóÇäöíåö» ".
æóÞóæúáöåö: " «ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÍóÓóäðÇ Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏó Çááøóåö ÍóÓóäñ» (1) ¡ «íóÏõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóáóÇ íõÈóÇáöí ÈöÔõÐõæÐö ãóäú ÔóÐøó» ¡ «æóãóäú ÓóÑøóåõ ÈõÍúÈõæÍóÉõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÝóáúíóáúÒóãö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó ÝóÅöäøó ÏóÚúæóÊóåõãú áóÊõÍöíØõ ãöäú æóÑóÇÆöåöãú» ¡ «æóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäó ãóÚó ÇáúÝóÐøö¡ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ» ¡ «æóáóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÍóÊøóì íóÙúåóÑó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö æóáóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö ÙóÇåöÑöíäó áóÇ íóÖõÑøõåõãú ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú» ¡ «æóãóäú ÎóÑóÌó Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÝóÇÑóÞó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó» (2) . «ÞöíÏó ÔöÈúÑò ÝóÞóÏú ÎóáóÚó ÑöÈúÞóÉó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ãöäú ÚõäõÞöåö» ¡ «æóãóäú ÝóÇÑóÞó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉó æóãóÇÊó ÝóãöíÊóÊõåõ ÌóÇåöáöíøóÉñ» ¡ «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö» (3) ".
æóÞóæúáöåö: " «ÊóÝúÊóÑöÞõ ÃõãøóÊöí äóíøöÝðÇ æóÓóÈúÚöíäó ÝöÑúÞóÉð ßõáøõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÇÑö ÅöáøóÇ ÝöÑúÞóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð¡ Þöíáó: íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö æóãóäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÝöÑúÞóÉõ¿ ÞóÇáó: åöíó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ» ".
Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì ßóËúÑóÉð¡ æóáóãú ÊóÒóáú ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ãóÔúåõæÑóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚúãõæáðÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑúåóÇ ãõäúßöÑñ æóáóÇ ÏóÝóÚóåóÇ ÏóÇÝöÚñ.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞõäóÇ Ýöí Õ 214.
(2) ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóÞøö ÇáúãõÊøóÈöÚõæäó áöáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÞóáøõæÇ Ãóæú ßóËõÑõæÇ
(3) Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö áóãú íóÕöÍøó ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ööãúäó ÍóÏöíËò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãõÓóíøöÈö Èúäö æóÇÖöÍò ÇáÓøõáóãöíøö Úóäö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÑö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó¡ Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÏöíäóÇÑò¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ ÃõãøóÊöí Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò ÃóÈóÏðÇ¡ æóÚóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóäú ÔóÐøó ÔóÐøó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÇÑö ". æóÇáúãõÓóíøöÈõ Èúäõ æóÇÖöÍò ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.(1/219)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ßõáøõåóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÂÍóÇÏò ÊóÈúáõÛõ ãóÈúáóÛó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóáóÇ ÊõÝöíÏõ ÇáúíóÞöíäó¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑó¡ æóáóßöäú íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö (1) ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÚöÕúãóÉó ÌóãöíÚöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúßõÝúÑö áóÇ ÈöÊóÃúæöíáò æóáóÇ ÔõÈúåóÉò.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåöãú (2) ÚöÕúãóÊóåõãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉö Ãóæú ÝöíãóÇ íõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáäøóÕøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑó Ãóæú Ïóáöíáó ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ Ïõæäó ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäú ßõáøö ÎóØóÃò æóÖóáóÇáò¡ áóßöäú íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÃõãøóÉö ßõáøó ãóäú Âãóäó Èöåö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóÃóåúáõ ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò áóíúÓõæÇ ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö Úóáóíúåöãú.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö¡ æóáóßöäú áöãó ÞõáúÊõãú Åöäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ æóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãõÌúÊóåöÏò Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö ãõÕöíÈñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÕöíÈöíäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÕöíÈö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ æóÏóáöíáõåõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃóæúáóì (3) .
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏò íóÌõæÒõ ÊóØóÑøõÞõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö Åöáóíúåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÚóÇÞöáò íóÌöÏõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÊöåóÇ ÞóÕúÏõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÊóÚúÙöíãó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÚöÕúãóÊóåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ßóãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÓóÎóÇÁõ ÍóÇÊöãò¡ æóÔóÌóÇÚóÉõ Úóáöíøò¡ æóÝöÞúåõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõãú¡ æóãóíúáõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Åöáóì ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ïõæäó ÈóÇÞöí äöÓóÇÆöåö ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ÂÍóÇÏõåóÇ ÂÍóÇÏñ¡ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÇÒöáóÉñ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (4) .
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(1) Èöåö: ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÈöäóÝúíö.
(2) Èöåöãú¡ ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: Èöåö¡ Ãóíú ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáúÎóØóÃö. ÅöáóÎú.
(3) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö Õ 202¡ 203.
(4) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö.(1/220)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËó áóãú ÊóÒóáú ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ãóÔúåõæÑóÉð Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãõÊóãóÓøóßðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò ÝöíåóÇ æóáóÇ äóßöíÑò Åöáóì ÒóãóÇäö æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó¡ æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÅöÍóÇáóÉö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ æóÇáúÌóãøö ÇáúÛóÝöíÑö ãóÚó ÊóßóÑøõÑö ÇáúÃóÒúãóÇäö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö åöãóãöåöãú æóÏóæóÇÚöíåöãú æóãóÐóÇåöÈöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÃóÕúáò ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóÍúßõæãõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ãóäú íõäóÈøöåó ÃóÍóÏñ Úóáóì ÝóÓóÇÏöåö æóÅöÈúØóÇáöåö æóÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáäøóßöíÑö Ýöíåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÊóãóáö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóäúßóÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú ÅöáóíúäóÇ¡ æóãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÝóáóÇ ÞóØúÚó.
Þóæúáõßõãú: Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÇÓúÊóÏóáøõæÇ ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö¡ Èóáú ÈöÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáóåõãú ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóßöäøóåõ ÏóæúÑñ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóßöíÑö ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ.
æóÐóáößó ÃóäøóåóÇ áóæú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚúáõæãóÉó ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó ÏóÇÚöíóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåóÇ áöÈöäóÇÁö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö ÚóáóíúåóÇ áöÅöÍóÇáóÉö (1) ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÚóÑøöÝó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ áöáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ØóÑöíÞó ÕöÍøóÊöåóǺ ÞóØúÚðÇ áöáÔøóßøö æóÇáöÇÑúÊöíóÇÈö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö Ýóáóæú æõÌöÏó ÝöíãóÇ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Èöåö Úóáóíúåö äóßöíÑñ áóÇÔúÊóåóÑó Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÚóÙõãó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåö¡ ßóÇÔúÊöåóÇÑö ÎöáóÇÝöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ åõæó Ïõæäóåõ ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ßóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ÏöíóÉö ÇáúÌóäöíäö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóäúÊö Úóáóíøó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ æóÍóÏøö ÇáÔøõÑúÈö¡ æóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö¡ Ðóáößó æóáóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊõÍöíáõ ÚóÏóãó äóÞúáöåö¡ Èóáú ßóÇäó äóÞúáõåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú äóÞúáö ãóÇ ÎõæáöÝó Ýöíåö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ Èóáú Ãóæúáóì ãöäú äóÞúáö ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÙøóÇãö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÚó ÎóÝóÇÆöåö æóÞöáøóÉö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÈöÞóæúáöåö.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó æóÇÔúÊóåóÑó ãöäú ÊóãóÓøõßö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóåúÏöíÏö áöãõÎóÇáöÝö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÇáÒøóÌúÑö Úóäö ÇáúÎõÑõæÌö Úóäúåõãú ÙõåõæÑðÇ áóÇ ÑóíúÈó Ýöíåö.
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ áóÃóÍóÇáóÊú¡ æóÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ ÇáúÝöÚúáöíøóÉõ ÌóæóÇÈõ: áóæú.(1/221)
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö áóãú íóßõäú ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Èóáú ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÍöíáóÉö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.
æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ÏóÚúæóì æõÌõæÏö ãõÚóÇÑöÖò áöáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇäúÏöÑóÇÓöåö¡ æóæõÌõæÏö Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáÖøõÍóì æóÕóæúãö ÔóæøóÇáò æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãóÊú ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö æóßóæúäóåóÇ ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈöÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóÇ ÈöÕóÑöíÍö ãóÞóÇáò Èóáú ÈöÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÃóÍúæóÇáò æóÃóãóÇÑóÇÊò ÏóÇáøóÉò Úóáóì Ðóáößó áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ¡ æóáóæú äõÞöáóÊú áóÊóØóÑøóÞó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ æóÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ¡ æóÇßúÊóÝóæúÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÚúáóãõåõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏó Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (1) .
Þóæúáõåõãú: íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ äóÝóì Úóäúåõãõ ÇáÖøóáóÇáó æóÇáúÎóØóÃó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúßõÝúÑö (2) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ äóÚúáóãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú ÊóÚúÙöíãðÇ áöÔóÃúäö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇäö æóÇáúÅöäúÚóÇãö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÝöí ÍóãúáöåóÇ Úóáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúßõÝúÑö Úóäúåõãú ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÈóÚúÖö ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö áöáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóæú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ÚóãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúÕóãõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ÝóÈóÇØöáñ.
ÝóÅöäøó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú áöÅöíÌóÇÈö ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÇáúÍóËøö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáÒøóÌúÑö Úóäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖò ÛóíúÑö ãóÚúáõæãò ãöäú ÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑöº áóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåöãú Ýöíåö áóßöäøóåõ (3) ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò¡ æóáóÈóØóáóÊú ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõ ÞóÕúÏõ ÊóÚúÙöíãöåóÇ áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÓö áóåõãú Ýöí äóÝúíö ÈóÚúÖö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóäúåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ.
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÊóãóáö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ÃóäúßóÑó. . ÅöáóÎú.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãõáóÎøóÕõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÖóãøóäóåõ Þóæúáõåõ: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ßõáøõåóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÂÍóÇÏò. . ÅöáóÎú.
(3) áóßöäøóåõ ÕóæóÇÈõåõ áößóæúäöåö¡ æóåõæó ÚöáøóÉñ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö.(1/222)
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÇäúÊöÞóÇÁõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ ÝóãõÎóÇáöÝõåõ íóßõæäõ ãõÎúØöÆðÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÎúØöÆõ ÞóØúÚðÇ Ýöí ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ Èöåö áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÈúÏöíÚö æóÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÞö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÛóíúÑö Óöæóì Ðóáößó.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ äóÝúíðÇ áöáúÎóØóÃö Úóäúåõãú æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊö (1) ÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóáúÞó ÇáúßóËöíÑó - æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò - ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Íõßúãö ÞóÖöíøóÉò æóÌóÒóãõæÇ Èöåö ÌóÒúãðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊõÍöíáõ Úóáóì ãöËúáöåöãõ ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáúÌóÒúãó ÈöÐóáößó æóÇáúÞóØúÚó Èöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãõÓúÊóäóÏñ ÞóÇØöÚñ (2) ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÊóäóÈøóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇáúÞóØúÚö ÈöãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÞóÇØöÚò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ æóÌóÏúäóÇ Ãóåúáó ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÞóÇØöÚöíäó ÈöÊóÎúØöÆóÉö ãõÎóÇáöÝö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõãú¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó Úóäú Ïóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò áóÇÓúÊóÍóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóØúÚö ÈöÊóÎúØöÆóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö æóáóÇ íóÞöÝõ æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóãóäú Óóáóßó åóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞóÉó ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉó áóãú íóÑó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó íóäúÞõÕõ Úóäú ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö ÎóÕöíÕðÇ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó¡ Èóáú åõæó ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ßõáøö ãóäú ÈóáóÛó ÚóÏóÏõåõãú ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÃóäøó (3) ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÕúÑò ÅöáøóÇ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöãóÇãò ãóÚúÕõæãò Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÞóÇÚöÏóÊöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó Ýöí " ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö " ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì Íõßúãö ÍóÇÏöËóÉò ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåöãõ ÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áößóæúäöåö ÓóíøöÏó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÝóÑúÖö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóÇáúÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö Ýöí Õ 209 - 210 - 211
(2) ÌõãúáóÉõ æóáóíúÓó áóåõ ãõÓúÊóäóÏñ ÞóÇØöÚñ¡ ÍóÇáñ ãöäú ÝóÇÚöáö ÊõÍöíáõ.
(3) ÈöÃóäøó - ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÈöÃóäøóåõ.(1/223)
ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ æóãóÇ æóÇÝóÞóåõ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö áößóæúäöåö ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöáúãóÞúØõæÚö Èöåö¡ æóãõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö ãõÎúØöÆñ áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ áóÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇáúÎóØóÃó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö ÈöÙóäøöåöãú ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÞóÇØöÚðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúíóåõæÏó ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú ßóËúÑóÉð ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóßúÐöíÈö ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÅöäúßóÇÑö ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöÎóØóÆöåöãú Ýöí Ùóäøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÞóÇØöÚðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóíúåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÊöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áóÒöãó Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõÍóãøóÏñ äóÈöíøðÇ ÍóÞøðÇ áöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö åóÇåõäóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áóÇÒóãñ Úóáóíúßõãú ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÍóÇÕöáóåõ Âíöáñ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÝöíåö ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúÊõãõæåõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáøóÐöí ÊóãóÓøóßúäóÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÅöÍóÇáóÉõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ æóÈöãóÏúáõæáöåóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓõ Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí áóÇ äõÍöíáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö åóÇåõäóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÛóáóØõ ÈöÙóäøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó äóÙóÑöíøñ æóØõÑõÞõåõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍúÓõæÓò¡ æóáóÇ ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞó ÇáúÈóÇÈóÇäö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Ýöí Õ 197¡ æóÇÞúÑóÃú ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáÓøöíÑóÉö áöÊóÚúáóãó Ãóäøó ÚõáóãóÇÁó ÇáúíóåõæÏö áóãú íõÌúãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöäúßóÇÑö äõÈõæøõÊöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Èóáú ãöäúåõãú ãóäú Âãóäó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ßóÝóÑó ÚöäóÇÏðÇ æóÍóÓóÏðÇ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú¡ æóÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ÎóÏóÚõæÇ ÇáúÃõãøöíøöíäó ãöäúåõãú ÝóÊóÈöÚõæåõãú ÊóÞúáöíÏðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóáóÊóÌöÏóäøó ÃóÞúÑóÈóåõãú ãóæóÏøóÉð áöáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöäøóÇ äóÕóÇÑóì Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ãöäúåõãú ÞöÓøöíÓöíäó æóÑõåúÈóÇäðÇ æóÃóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÓúÊóßúÈöÑõæäó æóÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Åöáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÊóÑóì ÃóÚúíõäóåõãú ÊóÝöíÖõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóãúÚö ãöãøóÇ ÚóÑóÝõæÇ ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö) ÇáúÂíóÇÊö - ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÃõãøóÉñ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ íóÊúáõæäó ÂíóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÂäóÇÁó Çááøóíúáö) ÇáúÂíóÇÊö - Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂÊóíúäóÇåõãõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ãöäú ÞóÈúáöåö åõãú Èöåö íõÄúãöäõæäó) ÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ ÇáúÞóÕóÕö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (Þõáú ÃóÑóÃóíúÊõãú Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö æóßóÝóÑúÊõãú Èöåö æóÔóåöÏó ÔóÇåöÏñ ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó Úóáóì ãöËúáöåö ÝóÂãóäó æóÇÓúÊóßúÈóÑúÊõãú) ÇáúÃóÍúÞóÇÝö¡ æóÞóÇáó: (æóÏøó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö áóæú íóÑõÏøõæäóßõãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ÅöíãóÇäößõãú ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ÍóÓóÏðÇ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ãöäú ÈóÚúÏö ãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõãõ ÇáúÍóÞøõ) ÇáúÈóÞóÑóÉö. æóÞóÇáó: (æóÞóÇáóÊú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÂãöäõæÇ ÈöÇáøóÐöí ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ æóÌúåó ÇáäøóåóÇÑö æóÇßúÝõÑõæÇ ÂÎöÑóåõ áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÑúÌöÚõæäó) ÇáúÂíóÇÊö - Âáö ÚöãúÑóÇäó¡ æóÞóÇáó: (íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ áóÇ íóÍúÒõäúßó ÇáøóÐöíäó íõÓóÇÑöÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáúßõÝúÑö) ÇáúÂíóÉó - ÇáúãóÇÆöÏóÉö.(1/224)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö ÝóãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ýöí ßõáö ÚóÕúÑò¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇ Ðóáößó ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÇÏöÍóÉö æóÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúãõÔóßúáóÉö Úóáóì ÌöåóÉö ÇáúæóÝóÇÁö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÕóÇÁö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ÇááøóÇÆöÞö Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö¡ ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊöåö (1) .
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ áÇ ÚÈÑÉ ÈÛíÑ ÇáãÓáãíä Ýí ÇáÅÌãÇÚ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó Èößóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ãóäú åõæó ÎóÇÑöÌñ Úóäö ÇáúãöáøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöíåö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ßõáøö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ßóæúäõåõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóåöíó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåóÇ áóÇ ÅöÔúÚóÇÑó áóåóÇ ÈöÅöÏúÑóÇÌö ãóäú áóíúÓó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó áóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉöº æóáöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÍõÌøóÉò ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò æóáóÇ ÅöÈúØóÇáöåóÇ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Êóãøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ïõæäóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÍõÌøóÉñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ íõÓúÊóÏóáøõ Èöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ Ýóáóæö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöíåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ßõáøö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉö Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö áóãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóáöÚóÏóãö ßóãóÇáö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ íóæúãõ ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó.
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(1) æóÇäúÙõÑú ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäúåóÇÌó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö áöÔóíúÎö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.(1/225)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóáóÇ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúãöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóáóÇ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑóåõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó æóÅöáóíúåö ãóíúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóåõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð áöÚöÕúãóÊöåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÈöãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáõ ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉõ ãöäú ÞóÈúáõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúäóÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ãöäú ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊóÉõ áöáúßõáøö ËóÇÈöÊóÉð áöáúÈóÚúÖö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáËøóÇÈöÊó áöáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöáúÃóÝúÑóÇÏö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: íóÌöÈõ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäúåõãú Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåöãú áöÓöÊøóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøó íóáúÒóãõåõ ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉð ÝöíãóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏõ Ýöíåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóæúáõåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ; áöÃóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãøöíøõ áóíúÓó ÃóåúáðÇ áöáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ ßóÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ÎóØóÃñ ãóÞúØõæÚñ Èöåö¡ æóÇáúãóÞúØõæÚõ ÈöÎóØóÆöåö áóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑó áöãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö æóáóÇ áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÚõáóãóÇÄõåõãú æóÚóæóÇãøõåõãú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÚöÈúÑóÉó ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö æóáóÇ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚõÕöãóÊú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáò æóÏóáöíáò ÎóØóÃñ¡ æóÇáúÚóÇãøöíøõ áóíúÓó åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ËõÈõæÊõ ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøó áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ (1) ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöáðÇ ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÚöÕúãóÊõåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉó ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉñ áöáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö.
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(1) áóÚóáøó ßóáöãóÉó: ÅöÐóÇ ãõÍóÑøóÝóÉñ Úóäú ÅöÐú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó åóÐöåö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ ÊóÚúáöíáðÇ áöáäøóÝúíö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ áóÇ ÊóÞúíöíÏðÇ áóåõ.(1/226)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóì ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ïõæäóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÞóÇØöÚóÉñ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áóåõãú (1) æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íõÝúÊõæäó Èöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ áóßöäú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Ãóæú ãõØúáóÞðÇ: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøöíäó ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÌóÚúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøõ ãõÓúÊóÏöáøðÇ (2) ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö ÚóÏóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Ýöí ÞõÑúÈò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúãõæÌöÈõ áöáÊøóßúáöíÝö¡ æóÈõÚúÏõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇáúãóÌóÇäöíäö ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö (3)
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ÎóØóÃð¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúäóÚõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ßóæúäö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú (4) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÚúæóì áóãú íóÞõãú ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ (5)
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøó æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊõåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáò ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð.
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(1) ÅöÐóÇ Óóáøóãó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÊóÞúáöíÏõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ ÑóÃúíñ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÑóÃúíöåö¡ ÅöÐú áóæú ÑóÃóì ÑóÃóíðÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÑúÕö æóÇáÊøóÎúãöíäö ßóÇäó ÂËöãðÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊõåõ áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÂËöãñ Èöåö Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ýõåöãó ÑóÃúíõåõ Úóäú ãõÔóÇÑóßóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÈóÍúËö ãóËóáðÇ Ýóåõæó ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÚóÇãøöíøðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãö.
(2) ÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
(3) ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÈöÞõÑúÈö ÇáúÝóåúãö¡ æóÈõÚúÏõåõ áóÇ ÊóÃúËöíÑó áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÕóÏóÏöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æõÕõæáõåõ ÈöÇáúÝöÚúáö Åöáóì Þóæúáò äóÊöíÌóÉð áöÈóÍúËöåö¡ æóáóæú áöãõÔóÇÑóßóÉö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöÐóäú íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö æóåõæó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãö áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÇãøöíøò ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
(4) ÌóæóÇÈõåõ æóÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö æóÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
(5) Ïóáöíáõåõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúåóÏú Ãóäøó ÎóáöíÝóÉð ãöäó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóì ÚóÇãøöíøðÇ áöÃóÎúÐö ÑóÃúíöåö Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉò ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íóÓúÊóÏúÚõæäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó¡ æóãóäú Ýöíåöãú ÃóåúáöíøóÉñ áöáäøóÙóÑö.(1/227)
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓö: Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÇáúÍõßúãö áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäú ÊóÕúæöíÈöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áóåõãú Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøó ãõÕöíÈñ Ýöí ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊõåõ ÔóÑúØðÇ Ýöí ÌóÚúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóåóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÚöäúÏó ÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÚóæóÇãøö Ýöíåö íóßõæäõ ÞóØúÚöíøðÇ æóÈöÏõæäöåöãú íóßõæäõ ÙóäøöíøðÇ (1)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáö ÇáúÚóæóÇãøö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÞóÇáó ÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáúÍóÇÝöÙö áöÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö Ýöíåö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÃõÕõæáöíøðÇ¡ æóÈöÅöÏúÎóÇáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì¡ áöãóÇ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Ýöí ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö æóÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö.
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áöáúÚóæóÇãøö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÞöíåö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊó äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ãóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáóÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö¡ æóÏõÎõæáöåöãóÇ Ýöí Úõãõæãö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÐößúÑõåóÇ.
æóãóäú äóÝóì äóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö Ýöí ÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóãóÇáößò¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÕóáó Èóíúäó ÇáúÝóÞöíåö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö æóåóÄõáóÇÁö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó Þóæúáó ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÃõÕõæáöíøò æóÃóáúÛóì Þóæúáó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö ÇáøóÐöí áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÚóßóÓó ÇáúÍóÇáó æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó Þóæúáó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö Ïõæäó ÇáúÝóÞöíåö ; áößóæúäöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ãóÞúÕõæÏö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö áöÚóãóáöåö ÈöãóÏóÇÑößö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö Úóáóì ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÞúÓóÇãöåóÇ¡ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÏóáóÇáóÇÊöåóÇ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÊóáóÞøöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöäú ãóäúØõæÞöåóÇ æóãóÝúåõæãöåóÇ æóãóÚúÞõæáöåóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝóÞöíåö.
æóãóäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó Þóæúáó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøö æóÇáúÝóÞöíåö¡ ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó Þóæúáó ãóäú ÈóáóÛó ÑõÊúÈóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÔúÊóåöÑðÇ ÈöÇáúÝóÊúæóì ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóì æóÐóáößó ßóæóÇÕöáö Èúäö ÚóØóÇÁò æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÝöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ æóÇáúãõÊøóÈóÚõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ãóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö.
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(1) Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝó ÊóÑóßó ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Ýöí Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóäóÒóáó Úóäú ãõÞúÊóÖóì Ïóáöíáöåö ãöäó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÍõÌøöíøóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö Ýöí ÞóØúÚöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÅöÐóäú ÈöÏõæäö ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö áöáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ.(1/228)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ Íßã ãÎÇáÝÉ ÇáãÌÊåÏ ááÅÌãÇÚ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÈúÊóÏöÚðÇ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ; ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íõßóÝøóÑó ÈöÈöÏúÚóÊöåö Ãóæú íõßóÝøóÑó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ (1) ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ Úóáóíúåö Èóáú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóíóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ðóáößó áöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ïõæäóåõ¡ áößóæúäöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö æóÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ æóÝöÓúÞõåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎöáøò ÈöÃóåúáöíøóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈóÑõ Èöåö Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ ßóÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÈöÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÃóÍúæóÇáöåö Ýöí ãõÈóÇÍóËóÇÊöåö æóÝóáóÊóÇÊö áöÓóÇäöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ ßóÇäó ßóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßóÇáúßóÇÝöÑö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÞúáöíÏõåõ ÝöíãóÇ íõÝúÊöí Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ßóÇáÕøóÈöíøö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ Þóæúáõåõ ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãõÊóÃóæøöáðÇ æóßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó ÝóáóÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó ÞóÈõæáö ÝóÊúæóÇåõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóäú ÙóåóÑó ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÕøóÈöíøõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íõÚúÊóÈóÑú Þóæúáõåõ áöÚóÏóãö ÃóåúáöíøóÊöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÏóÇÎöáò Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áöÚóÏóãö ÏõÎõæáöåö Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö áóåõãú ÈöÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú åõæó ßõÝúÑó äóÝúÓöåö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóáóæú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÝóÑúÚöíøóÉò æóÈóÞöíó ãõÕöÑøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÇÈó Úóäú ÈöÏúÚóÊöåö ÝóáóÇ ÃóËóÑó áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö ; áöÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÓúáóãó Ëõãøó ÎóÇáóÝó ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÑóÃúíö ãóäú íóÔúÊóÑöØõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó¡
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(1) Ãóíú: Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ áóÇ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÚóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.(1/229)
æóáóæú ÊóÑóßó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãõÈúÊóÏöÚö ÇáúãõßóÝøóÑö Ýóåõæó ãóÚúÐõæÑñ¡ Åöäú áóãú íóÚúáóãú ÈöÈöÏúÚóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÄóÇÎóÐõ ÈöÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóãöáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÔóÇåöÏö ÇáÒøõæÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò ÈöÊóÒúæöíÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú Úóáöãó ÈöÈöÏúÚóÊöåö æóÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó áöÌóåúáöåö ÈöÃóäøó Êöáúßó ÇáúÈöÏúÚóÉó ãõßóÝøöÑóÉñ Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÐõæÑò áöÊóÞúÕöíÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúÈóÍúËö æóÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóäú Ðóáößó áöÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (1) ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝöíäó ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö ÍóÊøóì íóÍúÕõáó áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÐóáößó ÈöÏóáöíáöåö Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú áóåõ ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ Ýóåúãöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÞóáøóÏóåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúÝöíÑö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇÐóÇ íõßóÝøóÑõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÈöÏóÚö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞúÕóíúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöíåö Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÇÊö ãóÐóÇåöÈö Ãóåúáö Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö Ýöí " ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö " ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ Íßã ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ãóåøóáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúãõÍúÊóÌøó Èöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎúÊóÕøò ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Èóáú ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ãóåøóáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÍõÌøóÉñ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÏóÇæõÏó æóÔöíÚóÊöåö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ (2)
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÍõÌøóÉó ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ æóßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ áóÇ íõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑò æóÚóÕúÑò¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áöÃóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÍóÓóÈó ÊóäóÇæõáöåö áöÃóåúáö ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÍõÌøóÉõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÐößúÑõåóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ} ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáðÇ áöÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóíóÊøóÈöÚú ÛóíúÑó ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó} æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóáóì (3) ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÎóÇÕøóÉñ
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(1) Ãóíú ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö ÅöÍúßóÇãö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áöÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò.
(3) áóÚóáøó Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝðÇ Ãóæú ÍóÐúÝðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóäú ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ãóæú æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.(1/230)
ÈöÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ åõãú ßõáøõ ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóßõáøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÈóÚúÏõ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóæúÕõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóÈößóæúäöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì Íõßúãò¡ ÝóáóíúÓó åõãú ßõáøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóáóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáðÇ áóåõãú æóÍúÏóåõãú¡ Èóáú ãóÚó ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÞóÈúáóåõãú ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó ÍóÇáóÉó æõÌõæÏöåöãú¡ æóÈöãóæúÊöåöãú áóãú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ Úóäú ßóæúäöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÐóåóÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì Íõßúãò¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö áóãú íóßõäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ãõäúÚóÞöÏðÇ¡ æóáóæú ÎóÑóÌó ÈöãóæúÊöåö Úóäö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ åõæó Þóæúáó ßõáøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ßõáøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ æõÌöÏó áöãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó Þóæúáñ Ãóæú áóãú íõæÌóÏú¡ ÝóãõÎóÇáöÝõåõãú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áößõáøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ áößõáøö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÐóáößó ãõÓúÊóÍöÞøðÇ áöáÐøóãøö æóÇáÊøóæóÚøõÏö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÍõÌøóÉð áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÐóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó äóÕøðÇ Ãóæú ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ Ãóæú ÞöíóÇÓðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ ËóÇÈöÊñ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóÇ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞöíóÇÓðÇ¡ ÝóíóÓúÊóÏúÚöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊøóÝóÞðÇ Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áöíóßõæäó ãóäóÇØó ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó äóÕøðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÚóÇáöãóÉð Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ØóÑöíÞó Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÏóáöíáðÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ Èöåö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö áóãóÇ ÊõÕõæøöÑó ÊóæóÇØõÄõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÑúßöåö æóÅöåúãóÇáöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÑúÌöÚó Åöáóì Þóæúáö ÃóÍóÏò Óöæóì ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö ÇáúãõÄóíøóÏö ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö áöÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Åöáóì ãóäú ÚóÏóÇåõ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ æóÑóÏó ÇáËøóäóÇÁõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ(1/231)
Úóáóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» (1) "¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí» "¡ æóÇáÐøóãøõ áöÃóåúáö ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ëõãøó íóÝúÔõæ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÌõáó íõÕúÈöÍõ ãõÄúãöäðÇ æóíõãúÓöí ßóÇÝöÑðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ãöäúåõãú íóÍúáöÝõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ æóíóÔúåóÏõ ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÓúÊóÔúåóÏó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó íóßõæäõæäó ßóÇáÐøöÆóÇÈö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÐøóãøö ÇáøóÊöí ÓóÈóÞó ÐößúÑõåóÇ (2) ¡ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÞóÕúÑó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Úóáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì Þóæúáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
æóÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; áöÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö ãöäúåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝöíäó ãóÔúåõæÑöíäó ãóÍúÕõæÑöíäó áöÞöáøóÊöåöãú æóÇäúÍöÕóÇÑöåöãú Ýöí ÞõØúÑò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú áößóËúÑóÊöåöãú æóÊóÔóÊøõÊöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÚöÏóÉö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇÞöÚñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÓúÃóáóÉò áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãõÌúãóÚðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóáóÇ ÝöíåóÇ äóÕøñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÝöíåóÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Ëóãøó äóÕøñ ÞóÇØöÚñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÊóÑúßõåõ æóÅöåúãóÇáõåõ¡ ÝóÊóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ãõÌúãóÚðÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó Úóáóì Íõßúãö Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÝóÅöäú ãóäóÚúäóÇ ãöäó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÛóíúÑöåöãú ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÎóÑóÞúäóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÅöäú ÌóæøóÒúäóÇ¡ ÝóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóäú åõæó ÛóÇÆöÈñ ÝóÅöäøóåõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Þóæúáñ ÈöäóÝúíò¡ æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊò áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ïõæäóåõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áößóæúäöåö áóæú ßóÇäó ÍóÇÖöÑðÇ áóßóÇäó áóåõ ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáñ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãóíøöÊõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó.
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÒøóÇÑõ: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏöíËñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏóÉö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÇáÐøóåóÈöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãöíÒóÇäö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÌóÚúÝóÑö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúåóÇÔöãöíøö.
(2) ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ Ýöí Ðóãøö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö ÃóÌúÒóÇÁñ ãöäú ÃóÍóÇÏöíËó ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó ãöäúåóÇ Úóáóì ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ãóÚó äóæúÚö ÊóÕóÑøõÝò Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáøóÐöí ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäúåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ãóÑøó äóÙöíÑõåõ Õ 219 ãóÚó ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ÕóäöíÚöåö Õ 177.(1/232)
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÈóÚúÏóåõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõäúÞóáú ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏðÇ ãöãøóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÎóÇáóÝó æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú ÎöáóÇÝõåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóãóáó æóÇÍúÊóãóáó¡ ÝóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóíóÞøóäðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: Þóæúáõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöäøóåóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íóáúÒóãõåõãú Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ãóäú ßóÇäó ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ÚöäúÏó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ; áöÃóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú áóíúÓó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó æóÞúÊó äõÒõæáöåóÇ¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ÃóÓúáóãó ÈóÚúÏó äõÒõæáöåóÇ áößóæúäöåö ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ Úóäö ÇáúãõÎóÇØóÈöíäó.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó áóíúÓó åõãú ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó íóáúÒóãõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ãóæúÊö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú ãóÇÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæö ÇÓúÊõÔúåöÏó Ýöí ÍóíóÇÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÏóÇÎöáñ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó æóÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúãõÌúãóÚö Úóáóíúåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó¡ ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÇÖöíó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú áóåõ Þóæúáñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÞúÈóáó ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÊóÙóÑò.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóäóÞõæáõ: Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì Íõßúãò Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó æóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó: Åöäøóåõ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó æóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúãóÇÖöí¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÞøòº áöÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì Íõßúãò¡ Ëõãøó ãóÇÊõæÇ æóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãóÇÖöíäó¡ Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ Íóßóãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÍõßúãò Ëõãøó Íóßóãó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ ÝóÍõßúãõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóíúÓó åõæó Íõßúãó ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑöíäó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí æóÞóÚó ÇáúÎóæúÖõ ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Íõßúãõåõãú Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò áóãú íóÊóÞóÏøóãú ÝöíåóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóåõæó Íõßúãõ ßõáøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈöÑóíäó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÝúÊóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÈöÍõßúãò Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó¡ æóÃóÌúãóÚó ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú¡ æóÅöäö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ãóÇÊó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉò ; áöÃóäøó Íõßúãóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö áóíúÓó åõæó Íõßúãó ßõáøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈöÑóíäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Íõßúãöåöãú Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí.(1/233)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó æóÇÞöÚóÉõ ÇáúÍõßúãö áóãú ÊóÞóÚú Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýóáóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæÇ áöÍõßúãöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÝóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæÇ áöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÍõßúãöåóÇ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ãóÇ æóÌóÏõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáøóÐöí ßóÇäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð áóÇ ÊõÝóÑøöÞõ Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑò æóÚóÕúÑò¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» (1) " áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇåúÊöÏóÇÁö ÈöÛóíúÑöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ãóÝúåõæãö ÇááøóÞóÈö¡ æóÇáúãóÝúåõæãõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ãóÝúåõæãö ÇááøóÞóÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» " ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ßóæúäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð ÞóÇØöÚóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¿
Þóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøóåõ Ðóãøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÛóáóÈóÉõ ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÝóÓóÇÏö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Îõáõæøö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ãöãøóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö (2) ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ (3) ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì Íõßúãò áóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ãóÚúÕõæãöíäó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöíåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö: ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåöãú.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö: Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖö Èóíúäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóíúäö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóáóÇ ÊóäóÇÞõÖó.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö: ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõäúÊóÞöÖóÉñ ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ãóÇÊó ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 232.
(2) Èóáú ÏóáøóÊö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Úóáóì ÈóÞóÇÁö ãóäú ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóËõÑó Ãóåúáõ ÇáÔøóÑøö¡ ßóÍóÏöíËö: " áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÞóÇÆöãóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö. . . ÅöáóÎú
(3) ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑõ ÇáúãõÄóæøóáõ ãöäú Ãóäøó æóÇÓúãöåóÇ æóÎóÈóÑöåóÇ ãóÚúØõæÝñ Úóáóì " Îõáõæøö ".(1/234)
ãöäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ïõæäóåõ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÛóÇÆöÈðÇ áóãú íóäúÚóÞöÏú¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÇáö áóåõ ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÇáúÞóæúáö æóÇáúÍõßúãö æóÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóíøöÊö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉö: ÃóäøóåóÇ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ ÈöÇáúãóíøöÊö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; ÝóÅöäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇáóÝó æóáóãú íõäúÞóáú ÎöáóÇÝõåõ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÈóÇÞöí ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏóåõ íóßõæäõ ãõäúÚóÞöÏðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÙóÑó Åöáóì ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÈóÚöíÏóÉö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÇáúÊöÝóÇÊó Åöáóíúåö.
æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÞóÏú ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉó æóÃóÈúØóäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó áöÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö áöÚõãóÑó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚóæúáö æóÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáäøóßöíÑö ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ Íßã ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ¡ æóÐóåóÈó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÎóíøóÇØõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏöåö.
æóÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÚóÏóÏó ÇáúÃóÞóáøö Åöäú ÈóáóÛó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑó áóãú íõÚúÊóÏøó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ïõæäóåõ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÚúÊóÏøðÇ Èöåö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÌõÑúÌóÇäöíøõ: Åöäú ÓóæøóÛóÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö ßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ãõÚúÊóÏøðÇ Èöåö ßóÎöáóÇÝö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚóæúáö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóäúßóÑóÊö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó ßóÎöáóÇÝö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö æóÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÑöÈóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáö áóãú íóßõäú ÎöáóÇÝõåõ ãõÚúÊóÏøðÇ Èöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð æóáóíúÓó ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚò¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö Ãóæúáóì æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÎöáóÇÝõåõ¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÃóãúÑóÇäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßó Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÝúÙõ (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ßõáøó ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó¡ ãöäó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Ýöí Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò ßóÇäó.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑó ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Èóäõæ Êóãöíãò íóÍúãõæäó ÇáúÌóÇÑó æóíõßúÑöãõæäó ÇáÖøóíúÝó¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Íóãúáóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö(1/235)
ÞóØúÚðÇ áöÏõÎõæáö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö Ýöí Çáúßõáøö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ Íõãöáó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö Çáúßõáøö¡ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ áóíúÓó åõæó Çáúßõáøó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÌóÑóì ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Èóáú ÓóæøóÛõæÇ áóåõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõáúÒöãóÉð áöáúÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóÎúÐó Èöåö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ãóÚó ÎöáóÇÝö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò áóåõãú¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áöãóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚóæúáö æóÊóÍúáöíáö ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÑöÈóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÓöíÆóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõåõãú áöÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÝöíãóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÝóÑóÇÆöÖö¡ æóáöÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÃóÑúÞóãó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚöíäóÉö¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: Çáäøóæúãõ áóÇ íóäúÞõÖõ ÇáúæõÖõæÁó¡ æóáöÃóÈöí ØóáúÍóÉó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÈöÃóäøó Ãóßúáó ÇáúÈóÑóÏö áóÇ íõÝúØöÑõ¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ áóÈóÇÏóÑõæÇ ÈöÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö æóÇáÊøóÎúØöÆóÉö æóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäúåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö áóãú íóßõäú ÅöäúßóÇÑó ÊóÎúØöÆóÉò¡ Èóáú ÅöäúßóÇÑõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐö ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ãóÚó ÈóÚúÖò¡ æóáöÐóáößó ÈóÞöíó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáøóÐöí ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ Åöáóì æóÞúÊöäóÇ åóÐóÇ¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃóÞóáøõ åõæó ÇáúãõÚóæøóáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂäó ßóÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãóÞúØõæÚö Èöåö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÓóÇÆöÛðÇ.
æóÞóÏú ÊóãóÓøóßó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú åóÇåõäóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ áóæö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóäúÚóÞöÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÑúßõ ãóÇ Úóáöãóåõ ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÞúáöíÏö æóÐóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóäúÚóÞöÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÍõÌøóÉð ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ ÈöåóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛóÊú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÞóáøö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÞóÇØöÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÑõÌõæÚö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõäúßóÑðÇ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÑúßö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÈöÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÌúãóÚóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì Íõßúãò Ëõãøó ÌóÇÁó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãú ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ íõÑóì Ýöí ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö¡ áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Èöåö¡ Èóáú æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (1) .
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÞöíóÇÓñ ãóÚó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑó Úóäú ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò Þóæúáõåõ: Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏöåö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÏóáöíáöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏöåö áöÚóÏóãö ÇäúØöÈóÇÞö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö Úóáóíúåö.(1/236)
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóáóÝúÙõ (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) íóÕöÍøõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö æóÅöäú ÔóÐøó ãöäúåõãõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ æóÇáöÇËúäóÇäö ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: Èóäõæ Êóãöíãò íóÍúãõæäó ÇáúÌóÇÑó¡ æóíõßúÑöãõæäó ÇáÖøóíúÝó¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð áöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Úóáóíúåö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö íóÏõ Çááøóåö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÅöíøóÇßõãú æóÇáÔøõÐõæÐó» "¡ æóÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ æóÇáöÇËúäóÇäö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö ÔõÐõæÐñ.
( «ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ãóÚó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóåõæó Úóäö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ» ) æóäóÍúæó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÇÚúÊóãóÏóÊú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Úóáóì ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö áóãøóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ßóÚóáöíøò æóÓóÚúÏö Èúäö ÚõÈóÇÏóÉó¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÍõÌøóÉñ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÃóÞóáøö¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÅöãóÇãóÉõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ËóÇÈöÊóÉð ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ýóãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöÃóãúÑò áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ æóÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÈóáóÛó ÚóÏóÏõåõãú ÚóÏóÏó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ Ýóáúíóßõäú ãöËúáóåõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúßóËúÑóÉó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ Ýóáúíóßõäú ãöËúáóåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑóÊú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö áóãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÃóÕúáðÇ ; áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚò ÅöáøóÇ æóíõãúßöäõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö Ýöíåö ÅöãøóÇ ÓöÑøðÇ æóÅöãøóÇ ÚóáóÇäöíóÉð.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÍõÌøóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáøóÐöí åõãú Ýöíåö æóÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöíåöãú ãõÎóÇáöÝñ ÍóÊøóì íóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóíúåö.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóäúßóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÎöáóÇÝóåõ Ýöí ÑöÈóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáö Ýöí ÇáäøõÞõæÏö æóÊóÍúáöíáö ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö æóÇáúÚóæúáö¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÍõÌøóÉñ áóãóÇ ÃóäúßóÑõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáõåõãú: áóÝúÙõ (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) íóÕöÍøõ ÅöØúáóÇÞõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö.(1/237)
ÞõáúäóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÐøó Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÇÍöÏñ áóíúÓó åõãú ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÔöÐøó ãöäúåõãú ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ áóÝóÙö (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) Úóáóì Çáúßõáøö áößóæúäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö Ýöíåö ÞóØúÚöíøóÉð áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÍõÌøóÊöäóÇ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ Þóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö» (1) " Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäúåõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö íóÞúÊóÖöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÓøóæóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú áóíúÓó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áóåõãú.
ÞõáúäóÇ: åõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ãóäú íóÃúÊöí ÈöÚúÏóåõãú ÃóÞóáøó ÚóÏóÏðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåö: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ íóÏõ Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö» " æóÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇáöÇËúäóÇäö ÝóãóÇ ÝóæúÞóåõãóÇ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ» "¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏó ÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö ÈöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: " «ÅöíøóÇßõãú æóÇáÔøõÐõæÐó» ".
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáÔøóÇÐøõ åõæó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö áóÇ ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: " «ÇáÔøóíúØóÇäõ ãóÚó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóåõæó Úóäö ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ» " ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÍóËøó Úóáóì ØóáóÈö ÇáÑøóÝöíÞö Ýöí ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó " «æóÇáËøóáóÇËóÉõ ÑóßúÈñ» ".
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÚóÞúÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö áöÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉõ ÈöãóÍúÖóÑò ãöäú ÚóÏúáóíúäö ßóÇÝöíóÉñ.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÚóÏóãó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Çáúßõáøö Úóáóì ÈóíúÚóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó Úóäö ÇáúÈóíúÚóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÃóÎøóÑó áöÚõÐúÑò Ãóæú ØóÑúÁö ÃóãúÑò ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ãöäúåõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞúÕóíúäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö ãöäú Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ãóÍúÓõæÓò ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑö Úóäö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó Ýöíåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ áóíúÓó åõãú ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãóäú ÃóÝóÇÏó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÇáúíóÞöíäó íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ãõÍúÊóÌøðÇ Èöåö áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ßõáøö Ãóåúáö ÈóáóÏò ãõÍúÊóÌøðÇ Èöåö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóáóÏö ÇáúÂÎóÑö áóåõãú ; áöÃóäøó ÎóÈóÑó Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÈóáóÏò íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 219.(1/238)
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö ÈöÇáúßóËúÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íõØúáóÈõ ãöäúåóÇ ÛóáóÈóÉõ ÇáÙøóäøö Ïõæäó ÇáúíóÞöíäö ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö íóÞöíäöíøðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ áóæö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö áóßóÇäó ãóÕöíÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö æóÍúÏóåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ æóÍúÏóåõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö: Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍóíúËõ Úõáöãó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ãöäó Çáúßõáøö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúãóÞóÇáö Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõãúßöäñ ÍóÓóÈó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò¡ ÝóãöËúáõåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÌóÇÑò Ýöí ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÃóÕúáóíúäö (1)
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö: Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ãöäúåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö Ýöí Òóãóäöåöãú¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäú íõæÌóÏõ ÈöÚúÏóåõãú¡ Ëõãøó Åöäøó ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÅöáøóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö¡ ÝóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÎöáóÇÝñ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ¡ æóåõæó ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÅöÍóÇáóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉö: Ãóäøó ÅöäúßóÇÑó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö áóãú íóßõäú ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú¡ Èóáú ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÑöÈóÇ ÇáúÝóÖúáö æóäóÓúÎö ÇáúãõÊúÚóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÚóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Ýöí ãõäóÇÙóÑóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÍóÊøóì íõÈóíøöäó áóåõãõ ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐó ãöäú ÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúÎóÕúãö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ãóäú ÔóÇÁó ÈóÇåóáóäöí ÈóÇåóáúÊõåõ¡ æóÇáøóÐöí ÃóÍúÕóì Ñóãúáó ÚóÇáöÌò ÚóÏóÏðÇ ãóÇ ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉö äöÕúÝðÇ æóäöÕúÝðÇ æóËõáúËðÇ¡ åóÐóÇäö äöÕúÝóÇäö ÐóåóÈóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÇáö ÝóÃóíúäó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáËøõáõËö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÂÎóÑõ: ÃóáóÇ íóÊøóÞöí Çááøóåó ÒóíúÏñ íóÌúÚóáõ ÇÈúäó ÇáöÇÈúäö ÇÈúäðÇ æóáóÇ íóÌúÚóáõ ÃóÈó ÇáúÃóÈö ÃóÈðÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóæúÏó Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì ØóáóÈö ÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ãóÃúÎóÐö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ ÝóíõãúÊóäóÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð áöÎõÑõæÌöåö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóåöíó ÇáäøóÕøõ ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ æóÚóÏóãõ Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö¡ æóáöÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó ÈöÇáúßóËúÑóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÙõåõæÑö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÙøóäøóíúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÑúßö ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö áöãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõ Ýöíåö Ïóáöíáñ¡ Ãóæú ÙóåóÑó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑúÌõæÍñ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö.
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(1) Ãóíú: ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖö¡ æóåõæó ÅöãúßóÇäõ ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö.(1/239)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉõ åóáú íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö åóáú íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö Ãóãú áóÇ.
Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö.
Ýóãóäú áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÞóÈúáó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ; ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÈóáóÛó ÑõÊúÈóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ.
æóãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ ÞóÇáó áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÍóÇáóÉó ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Ãóæú ÕóÇÑó ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú áóßöäú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú.
æóÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÚöÈúÑóÉó ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÍóÇáóÉó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Ïõæäó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊöåö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÓóæøóÛóÊú áöáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÕöÑöíäó áóåõãõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó ãóÚóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú¡ ßóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö¡ æóÔõÑóíúÍò ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóãóÓúÑõæÞò¡ æóÃóÈöí æóÇÆöáò¡ æóÇáÔøóÚúÈöíøö¡ æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÚõãóÑó æóÚóáöíøðÇ æóáøóíóÇ ÔõÑóíúÍðÇ ÇáúÞóÖóÇÁó æóáóãú íóÚúÊóÑöÖóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÝöíãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝóåõãóÇ Ýöíåö æóÍóßóãó Úóáóì Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÎõÕõæãóÉò ÚóÑóÖóÊú áóåõ ÚöäúÏóåõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÑóÃúíö Úóáöíøò¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÑõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÝóÑöíÖóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÓúÃóáõæÇ ÓóÚöíÏó Èúäó ÌõÈóíúÑò ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöåóÇ ãöäøöí.
æóÓõÆöáó ÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ßóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÌúåóåõ Úóäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÓúÃóáõæÇ ÇáúÍóÓóäó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøó¡ æóÓõÆöáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäú äóÐúÑö ÐóÈúÍö ÇáúæóáóÏö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÇÓúÃóáõæÇ ãóÓúÑõæÞðÇ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÊóÇåõ ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÈöåö ÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ.
æóÑõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÊóÐóÇßóÑúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÚöÏøóÉö ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ÚöÏøóÊõåóÇ ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ÇáúÃóÌóáóíúäö¡ æóÞõáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ: ÚöÏøóÊõåóÇ Ãóäú ÊóÖóÚó ÍóãúáóåóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó: ÃóäóÇ ãóÚó ÇÈúäö ÃóÎöí¡ ÝóÓóæøóÛó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò áöÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Ãóäú íõÎóÇáöÝóåõ ãóÚó ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö.(1/240)
æóáóæú ßóÇäó Þóæúáõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ÈóÇØöáðÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÊóÌúæöíÒõåõ æóÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÝöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö äóÙóÑñ ÝóÅöäøó áöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ãõÓóæøóÛðÇ áöáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ÚöäúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇÏö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ãóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÏóÇÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ãóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ãõÚúÊóÈóÑñ ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÚóÕúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ãöäúåõãõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞñ¡ æóÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÅöäøóãóÇ åöíó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãõ áóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóíúåöãú ãóÚó ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Úóäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Èóáú ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÎõÕõæãõ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÚóÖøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÌöÐö» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» "¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóåõãú ãóÒöíøóÉõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö æóÔóåóÇÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö æóÓóãóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóÑóÖöíøñ Úóäúåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ÅöÐú íõÈóÇíöÚõæäóßó ÊóÍúÊó ÇáÔøóÌóÑóÉö} ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Ýöí ÍóÞøöåöãú: «áóæú ÃóäúÝóÞó ÛóíúÑõåõãú (1) ãöáúÁó ÇáúÃóÑúÖö ÐóåóÈðÇ áóãóÇ ÈóáóÛó ãõÏøó ÃóÍóÏöåöãú» ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚóåõãú áóÇ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáöÝöåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÝóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ äóÞóÖó Úóáóì ÔõÑóíúÍò Íõßúãóåõ Ýöí ÇÈúäóíú Úóãøò ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÃóÎñ áöÃõãøò¡ áóãøóÇ ÌóÚóáó ÇáúãóÇáó ßõáøóåõ áöáúÃóÎö.
æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóäúßóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò ãõÌóÇÑóÇÊóåõ áöáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóßóáóÇãóåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÒóÌóÑóÊúåõ Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ æóÞóÇáóÊú: " ÝóÑøõæÌõ íóÕöíÍõ ãóÚó ÇáÏøöíóßóÉö ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
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(1) ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö ÃóÍóÏõßõãú¡ æóÇáúÎöØóÇÈõ áöÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ æóãóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóíóÇäðÇ áöÍóÞøö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ¡ ÝóÃóÓúáóãó ÞóÈúáó ÕõáúÍö ÇáúÍõÏóíúÈöíóÉö¡ ßóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÓóÈóÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÈóÈóåõ ÎõÕõæãóÉñ Èóíúäó ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ æóÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò¡ æóÓóÈøõ ÎóÇáöÏò áöÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö.(1/241)
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóåõãú ãóÒöíøóÉõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö æóÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö æóÇáÏøóÑóÌóÉö ÇáÑøóÝöíÚóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Èöåöãú áóãóÇ ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑó ãóÚó ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúãõåóÇÌöÑöíäó ãóÚó Þóæúáö ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáõ ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉö ãóÚó Þóæúáö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáõ ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÚóáöíøò ãóÚó Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó¡ æóáóÇ Þóæúáõ ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóåúáö ãóÚó ÇáúÃóåúáö æóáóÇ ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö ãóÚó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö æóÇáÊøóÝóÇÖõáö¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ÞóÇÆöáñ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö¡ ÃóãøóÇ äóÞúÖõ Úóáöíøò Úóáóì ÔõÑóíúÍò Íõßúãóåõ ; ÝóáóíúÓó áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ Íóßóãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãõÎóÇÕóãóÊöåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÑóÃúíöåö áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÞóÖó Íõßúãóåõ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÏøó Úóáóíúåö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: äóÞóÖó ÝõáóÇäñ ßöÊóÇÈó ÝõáóÇäò æóßóáóÇãóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÚúÊóÑóÖó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ äóÞóÖóåõ ÈöäóÕøò ÇØøóáóÚó Úóáóíúåö ÃóæúÌóÈó äóÞúÖó Íõßúãöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöäúßóÇÑõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöíåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉöº Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÈóáóÛó ÑõÊúÈóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ãóæú ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóÃúÏöíÈö ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóÃóÊú Ðóáößó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö.(1/242)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑóÉõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÍúÏóåõãú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöãóÇáößò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÊóÑúÌöíÍó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Ãóæúáóì¡ æóáóÇ ÊóãúÊóäöÚõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÑóÇÏó ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉó Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊóäóÇæóáöÉð áöÃóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ æóÈöÏõæäöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõæäó ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ßõáøó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ãóäú äóÕóÑó ãóÐúåóÈó ãóÇáößò ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Åöäøó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ØóíøöÈóÉñ ÊóäúÝöí ÎóÈóËóåóÇ ßóãóÇ íóäúÝöí ÇáúßöíÑõ ÎóÈóËó ÇáúÍóÏöíÏö» " æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóËö ÝóßóÇäó ãóäúÝöíøðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Åöäøó ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãó áóíóÃúÑöÒõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ßóãóÇ ÊóÃúÑöÒõ ÇáúÍóíøóÉõ Åöáóì ÌõÍúÑöåóÇ» "¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÇ íõßóÇíöÏõ ÃóÍóÏñ Ãóåúáó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÅöáøóÇ ÇäúãóÇÚó ßóãóÇ íóäúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãöáúÍõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö» ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉó ÏóÇÑõ åöÌúÑóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóãóæúÖöÚõ ÞóÈúÑöåö (1) ¡ æóãóåúÈöØõ ÇáúæóÍúíö æóãõÓúÊóÞóÑøõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóãóÌúãóÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Úóäú Þóæúáö ÃóåúáöåóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÔóÇåóÏõæÇ ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáó¡ æóÓóãöÚõæÇ ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáó æóßóÇäõæÇ ÃóÚúÑóÝó ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Úóäúåõãú.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãõÞóÏøóãóÉñ Úóáóì ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÎõáõæÕö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóËö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ÎóÇÑöÌðÇ ÚóäúåóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÇáöÕðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóËö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ïõæäóåõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóÊóÎúÕöíÕõåõ áöáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÈöÇáÐøößúÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÙúåóÇÑðÇ áöÔóÑóÝöåóÇ æóÅöÈóÇäóÉð áöÎóØóÑöåóÇ æóÊóãúíöíÒðÇ áóåóÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ áöãóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáóÊú Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáäøõÕõæÕö.
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(1) áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áößóæúäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ãóæúÖöÚó ÞóÈúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ æóÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúÍóÞøö Úóäú ÃóåúáöåóÇ¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÌóæóÇÒöåö ÝóíóäúÈóÛöí ÍóÐúÝõ Ðóáößó.(1/243)
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ãóäøó ÛóÇíóÊóåõ ÇÔúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóì ÕöÝóÇÊò ãõæÌöÈóÉò áöÝóÖúáöåóÇ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÝóÖöíáóÉö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåóÇ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃóåúáöåóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóßøóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÔúÊóãöáóÉñ Úóáóì ÃõãõæÑò ãõæÌöÈóÉò áöÝóÖúáöåóÇ ßóÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÑóãö¡ æóÇáúãóÞóÇãö æóÒóãúÒóãó¡ æóÇáúÍóÌóÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóáóãö¡ æóÇáÕøóÝóÇ æóÇáúãóÑúæóÉö æóãóæóÇÖöÚö ÇáúãóäóÇÓößö¡ æóåöíó ãóæúáöÏõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóãóÈúÚóËõåõ æóãóæúáöÏõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó (1) æóãóäúÒöáõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó¡ æóáóãú íóÏõáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃóåúáöåóÇ Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåöãú ÅöÐú áóÇ ÞóÇÆöáó Èöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÈöÚöáúãö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó æóáóÇ ÃóËóÑó áöáúÈöÞóÇÚö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇäúÍöÕóÇÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝöíåóÇ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑöíäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö æóãóäú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ßóÇäõæÇ ãõäúÊóÔöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ãõÊóÝóÑøöÞöíäó Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÕóÇÑö æóßõáøõåõãú ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÓóæóÇÁñ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» (2) " æóáóãú íõÎóÕøöÕú Ðóáößó ÈöãóæúÖöÚò Ïõæäó ãóæúÖöÚò áöÚóÏóãö ÊóÃúËöíÑö ÇáúãóæóÇÖöÚö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóãúËöíáñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ãõæÌöÈò áöáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÏøöÑóÇíóÉö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞó ÍóÇÕöáñ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö æóÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó íõÑóÌøóÍõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøöÝóÇÊö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó æóáóÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåóÇ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ æóæõÞõæÚõ ÇáúÍóæóÇÏöËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÈöÍóÖúÑóÊöåö.
æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö ÃóÚúÑóÝó ÈöÐóáößó æóÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö ßóÇäóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõãú ÃóÑúÌóÍó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ: ÝóÅöäøó ØóÑöíÞóåõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ æóÇáúÈóÍúËõ ÈöÇáúÞóáúÈö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇáúÞõÑúÈö æóÇáúÈõÚúÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóãóÇßöäö.
æóÚóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö - ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö æóÇáúãöÕúÑóíúäö ÇáúßõæÝóÉö æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉö - ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåöãú æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö Þóæúãñ¡ áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
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(1) æöáóÇÏóÉõ ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÈöÝöáóÓúØöíäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÃóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúßóÇãöáö¡ æóÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÄóÑøöÎöíäó¡ æóßóãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö ÇáÊøóÚúÈöíÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöÓúßóÇäö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: " ÑóÈøóäóÇ Åöäøöí ÃóÓúßóäúÊõ ãöäú ÐõÑøöíøóÊöí ÈöæóÇÏò ÛóíúÑö Ðöí ÒóÑúÚò ÚöäúÏó ÈóíúÊößó ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãö ".
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 232.(1/244)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
áóÇ íóßúÝöí Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÛóíúÑöåöãú áóåõãú ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÔøöíÚóÉö áöáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ} ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÐóåóÇÈö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö Úóäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö " ÈöÅöäøóãóÇ "¡ æóåöíó áöáúÍóÕúÑö Ýöíåöãú¡ æóÃóåúáõ ÇáúÈóíúÊö Úóáöíøñ æóÝóÇØöãóÉõ æóÇáúÍóÓóäõ æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäõ.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì åóÐóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ äóÒóáóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÃóÏóÇÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÇáúßöÓóÇÁó Úóáóì åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ æóÞóÇáó: " «åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí» (1) " æóÇáúÎóØóÃõ (2) . æóÇáÖøóáóÇáõ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÌúÓö ÝóßóÇäó ãõäúÊóÝöíðÇ Úóäúåõãú.
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(1) ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí ãóÚúäóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö) : ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåó áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÓøõæÁó æóÇáúÝóÍúÔóÇÁó íóÇ Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóíõØóåøöÑóßõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøóäóÓö ÇáøóÐöí íóßõæäõ Ýöí Ãóåúáö ãóÚóÇÕöí Çááøóåö ÊóØúåöíÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö Ýöíãóäú äóÒóáóÊú Ýöíåöãú åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ¡ æóÝöí ÇáúßöÓóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúÚóÈóÇÁö Ãóæö ÇáúãöÑúØö ÇáøóÐöí ÛóØøóì Èöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÚóáöíøðÇ æóÝóÇØöãóÉó æóÍóÓóäðÇ æóÍõÓóíúäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃóÏóÇÑóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú Ãóæú ÃóÏúÎóáóåõãú Ýöíåö¡ æóáóßöäøó ßõáøó ãöäúåóÇ áóãú íóÎúáõ ãöäú ãóØúÚóäò Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó.
ÝóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö ÝöíåóÇ ãöäúÏóáñ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö¡ æóãöäúÏóáñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÚóäúÒöíøõ¡ áóíøóäóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÒõÑúÚóÉó¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÚöÌúáöíøõ: ÖóÚöíÝõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãõÊóÔóíøöÚñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÚúãóÔõ ãõÏóáøöÓñ æóÞóÏú ÚóäúÚóäó¡ æóÚóØöíøóÉõ ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ ÔöíÚöíøñ ßóËöíÑõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö ãõÏóáøöÓñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÚóäúÚóäó.
æóÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÝöíåóÇ ãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ÔóíúÈóÉó Çáúãóßøöíøõ¡ ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÃóÍúãóÏõ: ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõ ãóäóÇßöíÑõ.
æóÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò¡ æóÝöíåóÇ Úóáöíøõ Èúäõ ÒóíúÏö Èúäö ÌõÏúÚóÇäó¡ æóåõæó ÔöíÚöíøñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöÇÎúÊöáóÇØöåö æóÓõæÁö ÍöÝúÙöåö. æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÔóåúÑõ Èúäõ ÍóæúÔóÈò¡ æóåõæó ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÈö: ßóËöíÑõ ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö æóÇáúÃóæúåóÇãö. æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó æóÝöíåóÇ ÔóåúÑñ¡ æóÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ¡ æóÚóØöíøóÉõ ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøõ¡ æóÝõÖóíúáñ ßóÇäó ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÔóíøõÚö æóÞóÏú ÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: ßóÇäó íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö¡ æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó æóÝöíåóÇ ãõÕúÚóÈõ Èúäõ ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãö¡ Úóäú ÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÒóÑúÈöíøò ÃóÈöí ÚõÈóíúÏò ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö¡ æóãõÕúÚóÈò¡ æóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò¡ æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö æóÓóÚöíÏñ¡ ÞóÇáó ÇáúÈõÎóÇÑöíøõ Ýöíåö: ÚöäúÏóåõ ÚóÌóÇÆöÈõ. æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáÏøóÇÑóÞõØúäöíøõ æóÛóíúÑõ æóÇÍöÏò. æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÝõÖóíúáõ Èúäõ ãóÑúÒõæÞò Úóäú ÚóØöíøóÉó ÇáúÚóæúÝöíøö¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ¡ æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ãõæÓóì Èúäõ íóÚúÞõæÈó ÇáÒøóãúÚöíøõ¡ æóËøóÞóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò æóÖóÚøóÝóåõ ÇáäøóÓóÇÆöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúãóÏöíäöíøö: ÖóÚöíÝñ ãõäúßóÑõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö. æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó æóÝöíåóÇ ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓõáóíúãóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúÈóåóÇäöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÖúØóÑöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÃõÎúÑóì Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÞõÏøõæÓö ÇáÊøóãöíãöíøõ¡ æóåõæó ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ íõÎúØöÆõ¡ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÚúãóÔö¡ æóåõæó ãõÏóáøöÓñ æóÞóÏú ÚóäúÚóäó. ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÃóÈöí ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÃóÚúãóì¡ æóÇÓúãõåõ äõÝóíúÚõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÇÑöËö Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóãúÑóÇÁö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó ÇáúÃóÚúãóì ãóÊúÑõæßõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóÞóÏú ßóÐøóÈóåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÚöíäò. ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ: ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö æóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ ÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò¡ ÞóÇáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÚóãúÑòæ - åõæó ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøõ - æóÇáúæóáöíÏõ Èúäõ ãõÓúáöãò íõÏóáøöÓõ ÊóÏúáöíÓó ÇáÊøóÓóæøöíÉö æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæúÒóÇÚöíøö ãõäúßóÑóÉñ¡ åóÐóÇ Åöáóì äóÍúæöåö ãöäó ÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÑóæóÇåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÇÝöÖöíøñ Ãóæú ÔöíÚöíøñ ãõÊøóåóãñ Ãóæú ÖóÚöíÝñ. æóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇÓúÊöÞúÕóÇÁó ÇáúÂËóÇÑö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóäóÞúÏóåóÇ ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÏóæóÇæöíäö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóßõÊõÈö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö.
æóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÕöÍøóÉö ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÂíóÉó ÊóÔúãóáõåõãú áóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÇÒöáóÉñ Ýöíåöãú¡ Ãóæú ÎóÇÕøóÉñ Èöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÓöíóÇÞó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÓóÇÈöÞöåóÇ æóáóÇÍöÞöåóÇ ÕóÑöíÍñ Ýöí ÃóäøóåóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÒóæúÌóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
(2) ÇáúÎóØóÃõ Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö áóíúÓó ÈöÑöÌúÓò¡ Èóáú íõÄúÌóÑõ ÕóÇÍöÈõåõ Úóáóì ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ æóíõÚúÐóÑõ Ýöí ÎóØóÆöåö(1/245)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Åöäøöí ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãõ ÇáËøöÞúáóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÊóãóÓøóßúÊõãú ÈöåöãóÇ áóäú ÊóÖöáøõæÇ ßöÊóÇÈó Çááøóåö æóÚöÊúÑóÊöí» (1) " ÍóÕúÑõ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöåöãóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÞöÝõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇÎúÊõÕøõæÇ ÈöÇáÔøóÑóÝö æóÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ æóãóÚúÏöäõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóäúÒöíáö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö æóÃóÞúæóÇáöåö ; áößóËúÑóÉö ãõÎóÇáóØóÊöåöãú áóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö
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(1) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò¡ Ãóäøó ÒóíúÏó Èúäó ÃóÑúÞóãó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇãó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóæúãðÇ ÝöíäóÇ ÎóØöíÈðÇ ÈöãóÇÁò íõÏúÚóì ÎõãøðÇ Èóíúäó ãóßøóÉó æóÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö¡ ÝóÍóãöÏó Çááøóåó¡ æóÃóËúäóì Úóáóíúåö¡ æóæóÚóÙó æóÐóßóÑó Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: " ÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ÃóáóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáäøóÇÓõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóäóÇ ÈóÔóÑñ íõæÔößõ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíó ÑóÓõæáõ ÑóÈøöí ÝóÃõÌöíÈó¡ æóÃóäóÇ ÊóÇÑößñ Ýöíßõãú ËöÞúáóíúäö: ÃóæøóáõåõãóÇ ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö Ýöíåö ÇáúåõÏóì æóÇáäøõÐõÑõ¡ ÝóÎõÐõæÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÇÓúÊóãúÓößõæÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÍóËøó Úóáóì ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö æóÑóÛøóÈó Ýöíåö. Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: æóÃóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí¡ ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí¡ ÃõÐóßøöÑõßõãõ Çááøóåó Ýöí Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöí¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ÍõÕóíúäõ Èúäõ ÓóÈúÑóÉó æóãóäú åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöåö íóÇ ÒóíúÏõ¿ ÃóáóíúÓó äöÓóÇÄõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¿ ÞóÇáó: äöÓóÇÄõåõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÈóíúÊöåö¡ æóáóßöäøó Ãóåúáó ÈóíúÊöåö ãóäú ÍõÑöãó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó ÈóÚúÏóåõ. ÞóÇáó: æóãóäú åõãú¿ ÞóÇáó: åõãú Âáõ ÚóÞöíáò æóÂáõ ÌóÚúÝóÑò æóÂáõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò¡ ÞóÇáó: ßõáøõ åóÄõáóÇÁö ÍõÑöãó ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÉó¡ ÞóÇáó: äóÚóãú. ÑóæóÇåõ ãõÓúáöãñ¡ æóãóäú äóÙóÑó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóËøó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈößöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö¡ æóÞóÏú íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉó¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúÚóÓöíÝö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÍóËøñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöÞóæúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ÍóËøñ Úóáóì ÕöáóÊöåöãú æóãõÑóÇÚóÇÊöåöãú ßóãóÇ íõÑúÔöÏõ Åöáóíúåö Þóæúáõ ÒóíúÏò ÈóÚúÏó ÌóæóÇÈöåö ÇáÓøóÇÆöáó.(1/246)
Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ãöäó ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö¡ æóÇáúÂíóÉö (1) ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÃóæøóáðÇ ; ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÃóÞúæóÇáõåõãú æóÃóÝúÚóÇáõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ Èóáú Þóæúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÚöÕúãóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÒóáóÊú Ýöí ÒóæúÌóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÞóÕúÏö ÏóÝúÚö ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö Úóäúåõäøó æóÇãúÊöÏóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúíõäö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåöäøó.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóæøóáõ ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÂÎöÑõåóÇ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ äöÓóÇÁó ÇáäøóÈöíøö áóÓúÊõäøó ßóÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö Åöäö ÇÊøóÞóíúÊõäøó ÝóáóÇ ÊóÎúÖóÚúäó ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÝóíóØúãóÚó ÇáøóÐöí Ýöí ÞóáúÈöåö ãóÑóÖñ æóÞõáúäó ÞóæúáðÇ ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ} Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: {æóÞóÑúäó Ýöí ÈõíõæÊößõäøó æóáóÇ ÊóÈóÑøóÌúäó ÊóÈóÑøõÌó ÇáúÌóÇåöáöíøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÃóÞöãúäó ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊöíäó ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó æóÃóØöÚúäó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÑöíÏõ Çááøóåõ áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «åóÄõáóÇÁö Ãóåúáõ ÈóíúÊöí» " áóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ßóæúäó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÇáúãõÎóÇØöÈóÉõ áóåõãú ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö.
æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ æóåõæó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó «ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " ÃóáóÓúÊõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö " ÞóÇáó: " Èóáóì Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ» " (2) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {áöíõÐúåöÈó Úóäúßõãõ ÇáÑøöÌúÓó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö áóÞóÇáó: (Úóäúßõäøó) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáó (Úóäúßõãú) áöÃóäøó Ãóæøóáó ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎöØóÇÈðÇ ãóÚó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ÎóÇØóÈóåõäøó ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáúÈóíúÊö ÃóÏúÎóáó ãóÚóåõäøó ÛóíúÑóåõäøó ãöäó ÇáÐøõßõæÑö ßóÚóáöíøò æóÇáúÍóÓóäö æóÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ ÝóÌóÇÁó ÈöÎöØóÇÈö ÇáÊøóÐúßöíÑö ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÔúÊóãóáó Úóáóì ãõÐóßøóÑò æóãõÄóäøóËò ÛõáøöÈó ÌóãúÚõ ÇáÊøóÐúßöíÑö¡ æóÕóÇÑó ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÒóæúÌöÉö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó: {ÝóÈóÔøóÑúäóÇåóÇ ÈöÅöÓúÍóÇÞó æóãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó íóÚúÞõæÈó - ÞóÇáóÊú íóÇ æóíúáóÊóì ÃóÃóáöÏõ æóÃóäóÇ ÚóÌõæÒñ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÚúáöí ÔóíúÎðÇ Åöäøó åóÐóÇ áóÔóíúÁñ ÚóÌöíÈñ - ÞóÇáõæÇ ÃóÊóÚúÌóÈöíäó ãöäú ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö æóÈóÑóßóÇÊõåõ Úóáóíúßõãú Ãóåúáó ÇáúÈóíúÊö} ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÚóÇÆöÏðÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÅöáóì ãóäú ÍóæóÇåõ ÈóíúÊõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ãöäú ÐóßóÑò æóÃõäúËóì.
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(1) ÇáúÂíóÉö ÈöÇáúÌóÑøö ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ñóæöíó ãöäú ØóÑöíÞöåóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 246.(1/247)
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóÚöäúÏóåõãú Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò (1) æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáËøöÞúáóíúäö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉõ¡ Èóáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Úóáóì ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ßöÊóÇÈõ Çááøóåö æóÓõäøóÊöí» " æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõãú ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÌóãúÚðÇ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößóº áöÃóäøóåõãú ÃóÎúÈóÑõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö (2)
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» (3) ¡ " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÚóÖøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÌöÐö» " (4) ¡ æóÈöÞóæúáöåö: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» "¡ æóÈöÞóæáöåö: " «ÎõÐõæÇ ÔóØúÑó Ïöíäößõãú Úóäö ÇáúÍõãóíúÑóÇÁö» " (5) æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ; ÃóãøóÇ ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕõåõãú ÈöÇáÔøóÑóÝö æóÇáäøóÓóÈö ÝóáóÇ ÃóËóÑó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöäú ãóÏóÇÑößöåóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÚóæøóáõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö áöáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúãóÏóÇÑößö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÇÓúÊöËúãóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÄóËøöÑõ Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóÑóÝõ æóáóÇ ÞõÑúÈõ ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóËúÑóÉõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóØóÉö áöáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõ ÇáúÚöÊúÑóÉõ Ýöíåö ÇáÒøóæúÌóÇÊö æóãóäú ßóÇäó íóÕúÍóÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö æóÇáúÍóÖóÑö ãöäú ÎóÏóãöåö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉõ ÝóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöåóÇ áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáÑøöÌúÓö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó äóÝúíõ ÇáÙøöäøóÉö æóÇáÊøõåúãóÉö Úóäú ÒóæúÌóÇÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÐóáößó ÈöãóÚúÒöáò Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö Ýöí ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
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(1) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÎóÕúãö¡ Ýóåõæó ÌóæóÇÈñ ÅöáúÒóÇãöíøñ.
(2) Èóáú ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö Ýöí ÓóÝóÑöåö æóÍóÖóÑöåö¡ ÃóÎúÈóÑõ ÈöÍóÇáöåö Ýöí ÃóÞúæóÇáöåö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóßóÐóÇ äöÓóÇÄõåõ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÓöíóÇÞö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúåóÏö ÈöåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Þóæúáóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÇÐúßõÑúäó ãóÇ íõÊúáóì Ýöí ÈõíõæÊößõäøó) . ÇáúÂíóÉó.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 232
(4) ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÚöÑúÈóÇÖö Èúäö ÓóÇÑöíóÉó.
(5) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈöåö " ÇáúÝóæóÇÆöÏö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÉö " Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÍóÌóÑò¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö: áóÇ ÃóÚúÑöÝõ áóåõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøöåóÇíóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúÃóËöíÑö æóÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÑúÏóæúÓö ÈöÛóíúÑö ÅöÓúäóÇÏò¡ æóÓõÆöáó ÇáúãöÒøöíøõ æóÇáÐøóåóÈöíøõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÚúÑöÝóÇåõ.(1/248)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóØóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Þóæúáõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäúåõãú ÃóíúÖðÇ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóíõÄóíøöÏõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò ãöãøóäú ÎóÇáóÝóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÞõáú áóåõ Åöäøó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÞõæáõ ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõäúßóÑðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ãõÊóãóßøöäðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÎõæáöÝó Ýöíåö Ýöí Òóãóäö æöáóÇíóÊöåö æóÙõåõæÑö ÔóæúßóÊöåö ; ÝóÊóÑúßõåõ áöÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð ãöäúåõ¡ æóíóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÚöÕúãóÉö æóÚóäú æõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÎáÝÇÁ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáöáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÍóÇÒöãò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ áóåõãóÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
ÍõÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÚóÖøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÌöÐö» " ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÓõäøóÊöåöãú ßóãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚó ÓõäøóÊöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ áöÓõäøóÊöåö áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõ áöÓõäøóÊöåöãú.
æóÍóÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÇÞúÊóÏõæÇ ÈöÇááøóÐóíúäö ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó» ".
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ ÚóÇãøñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó æóáóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÕúÑö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ æóÅöäú Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÕúÑö Ýóåõæó ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö» (1) " ÇáúÍóÏöíËó.
æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖó ÇáúÎóÈóÑóÇäö Óóáöãó áóäóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóÈúØõáõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÃóíúÖðÇ.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 232(1/249)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúßóËöíÑó áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÊóæóÇØõÄõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö ßóÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏóåõ áöÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ãóäú Ïõæäó ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÔóÑóØóåõ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØúåõ.
æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÔúÊóÑóØò áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ ãöäú Ãóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÚóÞúáö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ØóÑöíÞó Åöáóíúåö Óöæóì ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóãóåúãóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÃóäúÞóÕó ãöäú ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÕóÏóÞó Úóáóíúåöãú áóÝúÙõ (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) æó (ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) æóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉõ ãõæÌöÈóÉð áöÚöÕúãóÊöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóæóÌóÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóæúÏö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Åöáóì ãóÇ Ïõæäõ ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò ãóåúãóÇ ÏóÇãó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝõ ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÏöíäö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝó Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚó ÞöíóÇãö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÝöíÏö áöæõÌõæÏö ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÊóÍóÏøöíåö ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ æóãóÇ æóÑóÏó Úóáóì áöÓóÇäöåö ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö íóÞöíäðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó áöÚóÏóãö äóÞúáö ÛóíúÑöåöãú áöÐóáößó æóãõÈóÇáóÛóÊöåöãú Ýöí ãóÍúæö Ðóáößó æóÅöÚúÏóÇãöåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÅöãúßóÇäó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö ãóÚó ÚóæúÏö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó Åöáóì ãóÇ Ïõæäõ ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóáóßöäú ãóÇ Ïõæäõ ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõãú æóÅöíãóÇäõåõãú ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú¡ æóãóäú áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÅöíãóÇäõåõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäö ÇáÏøöíäö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÅöãúßóÇäó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáö ãóäú ÚóÏóÏõåõãú Ïõæäó ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ýóáóæú áóãú íóÈúÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Óöæóì æóÇÍöÏò åóáú ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Ãóãú áóÇ¿
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: ÃóäøóÇ Åöäú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö åõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú äõÞúÕóÇäö ÚóÏóÏöåöãú Úóäú ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇäúÞöØóÇÚõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÈöÇáÊøóßúáöíÝöº áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó æóÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäú(1/250)
íóßõæäó äóÇÞöáõåõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÚóæóÇãøó ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚö Ïõæäó ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇäúÞöØóÇÚõ Ðóáößó áöÅöãúßóÇäö ÅöÏóÇãóÉö Çááøóåö Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö ãóÚóåõãú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóÚúÊóÑöÝõæäó ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÞóáöíáö áöÇÍúÊöÝóÇÝö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÝöíÏóÉö áöáúÚóáóãö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «áóÇ ÊóÒóÇáõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöí ÊóÞõæãõ ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö ÍóÊøóì íóÃúÊöíó ÃóãúÑõ Çááøóåö» "¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ÝóÇäúÞöØóÇÚõ ÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö æóÇäúÊöåóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò ÚóÞúáðÇ æóáóÇ ÔóÑúÚðÇ.
æóáöÐóáößó ÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Ãóæøóáõ ãóÇ íõÝúÞóÏõ ãöäú Ïöíäößõãõ ÇáúÃóãóÇäóÉõ¡ æóÂÎöÑõ ãóÇ íõÝúÞóÏõ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ» "¡ æóÞóÇáó Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íóäúÒöÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ãöäú ÕõÏõæÑö ÇáÑøöÌóÇáö¡ æóáóßöäú íóäúÒöÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÚóÇáöãñ ÇÊøóÎóÐó ÇáäøóÇÓõ ÑõÄóÓóÇÁó ÌõåøóÇáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÓõÆöáõæÇ ÃóÝúÊóæúÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò ÝóÖóáøõæÇ æóÃóÖóáøõæÇ» ".
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÚúÏó Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú ÈöãóÇ íóÍúÊóÝøõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ Èóáú æóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑõ æóÇÍöÏðÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ÈöÐóáößó.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö ÌóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóÕúÍóÇÈö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Þóæúáóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÓöæóÇåõ ÕóÏóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÅöØúáóÇÞõ áóÝúÙö (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) .
æóÏóáöíáõåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ßóÇäó ÃõãøóÉð ÞóÇäöÊðÇ} ÃóØúáóÞó áóÝúÙó (ÇáúÃõãøóÉö) Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó æóÇÍöÏñ.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÃõãøóÉð ßóÇäúÊö ÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞõ ÐößúÑõåóÇ ãõÊóäóÇæöáóÉð áóåõ ÍóÓóÈó ÊóäóÇæõáöåóÇ áöáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó (ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö) ãõÔúÚöÑñ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö æóÃóÞóáøõ ãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇËúäóíúäö ÝóÕóÇÚöÏðÇ.(1/251)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÇáÅÌãÇÚ ÇáÓßæÊí]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Åöáóì Íõßúãò¡ æóÚóÑóÝó Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÚóÕúÑöåö æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö ãõäúßöÑñ¡ åóáú íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¿
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ æóÍõÌøóÉñ.
áóßöäú ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú ÔóÑóØó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ßóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ Åöáóì äóÝúíö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö æóåõæó ãóäúÞõæáñ Úóäú ÏóÇæõÏó æóÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚò.
æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ Úóáöíøö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÍõßúãðÇ ãöäú ÍóÇßöãò áóãú íóßõäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝõÊúíóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó áößóæúäöåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÓõßõæÊó ãóäú ÓóßóÊó íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóäøóåõ ãõæóÇÝöÞñ¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÌúÊóåöÏú ÈóÚúÏõ Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó áóßöäú áóãú íõÄóÏøö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõ Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÏøóì Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁõ ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöáúÞóæúáö ÇáøóÐöí ÙóåóÑó¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóãú íõÙúåöÑúåõ ÅöãøóÇ áöáÊøóÑóæøöí æóÇáÊøóÝóßøõÑö Ýöí ÇÑúÊöíóÇÏö æóÞúÊò íóÊóãóßøóäõ ãöäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó ÈöÐóáößó ãõÌúÊóåöÏñ æóáóãú íóÑó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöº áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ãõÕöíÈñ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõ ÓóßóÊó ÎóÔúíóÉð æóãóåóÇÈóÉð æóÎóæúÝó ËóæóÑóÇäö ÝöÊúäóÉò¡ ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÝóÞó ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÚóæúáö æóÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáäøóßöíÑó ÈóÚúÏóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: åöÈúÊõåõ æóßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãóåöíÈðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÙóäøöåö Ãóäøó ÛóíúÑóåõ ÞóÏú ßóÝóÇåõ ãõÄúäóÉó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö æóåõæó ãõÎúØöÆñ Ýöíåö.
æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÓõßõæÊõåõãú ãóÚó ÇäúÊöÔóÇÑö Þóæúáò ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð.(1/252)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÖöÑó ãóÌóÇáöÓó ÇáúÍõßøóÇãö íóÍúÖõÑõ Úóáóì ÈóÕöíÑóÉò ãöäú ÎöáóÇÝöåöãú áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöäúßóÇÑò áöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáöÇÝúÊöíóÇÊö Úóáóíúåöãú ; æóáöÃóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö íóÞúØóÚõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó æóíõÓúÞöØõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖó¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÝóÊúæóÇåõ ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãóÉò æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚóÉò ãöäú ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÝöí åóÇÊóíúäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÊóíúäö äóÙóÑñ:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÝóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõäúÞóÏöÍóÉð ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ Ýóåöíó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö ãöäú ÃóÍúæóÇáö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÃóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ÝóÈóÚöíÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö æóÇáúÌóãøö ÇáúÛóÝöíÑö¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöåúãóÇáö Íõßúãö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝöíãóÇ ÍóÏóËó ãóÚó æõÌõæÈöåö Úóáóíúåöãú æóÅöáúÒóÇãöåöãú Èöåö æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÊóÞúáöíÏöåöãú áöÛóíúÑöåöãú ãóÚó ßóæúäöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäóº ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÚúÕöíóÉñ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÚóÏóãó ÇÑúÊößóÇÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóÏóíøöäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÚóÏóãö ÊóÃúÏöíóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Åöáóì ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÝóÈóÚöíÏñ ÃóíúÖðǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú Íõßúãò ÅöáøóÇ æóáöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö ÏóáóÇÆöáõ æóÃóãóÇÑóÇÊñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöãøóäú áóåõ ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÇáÙøóÝúÑõ ÈöåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÊóÃúÎöíÑö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áöáÊøóÑóæøöí æóÇáÊøóÝóßøõÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ãóÖóÊú Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÒúãöäóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÞóÑóÖó ÇáúÚõãúÑõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊö Úóäúåõ áößóæúäöåö ãõÌúÊóåöÏðÇ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõãúäóÚõ ãöäú ãõÈóÇÍóËóÊöåö æóãõäóÇÙóÑóÊöåö æóØóáóÈö ÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ãóÃúÎóÐöåö¡ áóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞò ßóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö ãöäú Òóãóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ÒóãóäöäóÇ åóÐóÇ ÈöãõäóÇÙóÑóÉö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó æóÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáÏøöíäö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ; áöÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáúÍóÞøö æóÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáúÈóÇØöáö¡ ßóãõäóÇÙóÑóÊöåöãú Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÌóÏøö æóÇáúÅöÎúæóÉö¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: ÃóäúÊö Úóáóíøó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ æóÇáúÚóæúáö¡ æöÏöíóÉö ÇáúÌóäöíäö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉö ÝóÈóÚöíÏñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóÞöíøóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÍúÊóãöáõ ÇáúãóÎóÇÝóÉó ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ãóÈóÇÍöËó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãóÉò áöÐóáößó ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö æóåõæó ãöäú ÓóÇÏóÇÊö ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ãóäøó ãõÈóÇÍóËóÊóåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÎöíÝóÉð Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÍöÞúÏðÇ Ýöí ÕóÏúÑöåö ÊõÎóÇÝõ ÚóÇÞöÈóÊõåõ¡ ÅöÐú åõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÏøöíäö.(1/253)
ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÇãöáðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÎóæøöÝò¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÞöíøóÉó ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóíúåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÐóÇ ÔóæúßóÉò æóÞõæøóÉò ßóÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö¡ ÝóãõÍóÇÈóÇÊõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Êóßõæäõ ÛöÔøðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ãóÚóåõ Ýöíåö íõÚóÏøõ äõÕúÍðÇ.
æóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Óõáõæßõ ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøõÕúÍö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúÛöÔøö ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÇÈö ÇáÏøöíäö ßóãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÑóÏøöåö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÚóÒúãöåö Úóáóì ÅöÚóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÌóáúÏö Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÔøõåõæÏö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö (1) ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " Åöäú ÌóáóÏúÊóåõ¡ ÇÑúÌõãú (2) ÕóÇÍöÈóßó ".
æóÑóÏøõ ãõÚóÇÐò Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÚóÒúãöåö Úóáóì ÌóáúÏö ÇáúÍóÇãöáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö: Åöäú ÌóÚóáó Çááøóåõ áóßó Úóáóì ÙóåúÑöåóÇ ÓóÈöíáðÇ ÝóãóÇ ÌóÚóáó áóßó Úóáóì ãóÇ Ýöí ÈóØúäöåóÇ ÓóÈöíáðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: áóæúáóÇ ãõÚóÇÐñ áóåóáóßó ÚõãóÑõ.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÑóÏøõ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö Úóáóì ÚõãóÑó áóãøóÇ äóåóì Úóäö ÇáúãõÛóÇáóÇÉö Ýöí ãõåõæÑö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö ÈöÞóæúáöåóÇ: ÃóíõÚúØöíäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÞóæúáöåö: {æóÂÊóíúÊõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõäøó ÞöäúØóÇÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎõÐõæÇ ãöäúåõ ÔóíúÆðÇ} ¡ æóíóãúäóÚõäóÇ ÚõãóÑõ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÎóÇÕóãóÊú ÚõãóÑó ÝóÎóÕóãóÊúåõ.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Þóæúáõ ÚóÈöíÏóÉó ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøö áóÚóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áóãøóÇ ÐóßóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÊóÌóÏøóÏó áóåõ ÑóÃúíñ Ýöí ÈóíúÚö ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö: ÑóÃúíõßõ ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößö æóÍúÏóßó¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍõÌøóÉõ ÇÈúäö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøõßõæÊó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ÑöÖðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊöíøõ Ùóäøöíøñ æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ Èöåö ÙóÇåöÑñ áóÇ ÞóØúÚöíøñ.
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(1) áóãøóÇ ÌóáóÏó ÚõãóÑõ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑóÉó ÍóÏøó ÇáúÞóÐúÝö¡ ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÝóÑóÇÛö: ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó ÒóäóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÑóÇÏó ÚõãóÑõ Ãóäú íõÚöíÏó ÍóÏøóåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ: Åöäú ÌöáóÏúÊóåõ¡ ÝóÇÑúÌõãö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉó.
(2) ÇÑúÌõãú - ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÝóÇÑúÌõãú.(1/254)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó Þæá ÇáãÌÊåÏ ÅÐÇ áã íÚÑÝ áå ãÎÇáÝ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó (1) ÅöÐóÇ ÐóåóÈó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Åöáóì Íõßúãò Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò¡ æóáóãú íóäúÊóÔöÑú Èóíúäó Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áóåõ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ åóáú íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¿
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚò æóåõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÊóÎóíøóáõ ßóæúäõåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãõæÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö æóÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúáóãõæÇ Èöåö ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÑöÖóÇåõãú Èöåö Ãóæú ÓóÎóØõåõãú¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõãú Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Þóæúáñ áöÚóÏóãö ÎõØõæÑöåóÇ ÈöÈóÇáöåöãú.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ Þóæúáñ ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöáúãóäúÞõæáö ÅöáóíúäóÇ¡ æóÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áóåõ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóæóÇÁö.
æóãóäú áóÇ Þóæúáó áóåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Ãóæú áóåõ Þóæúáñ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÊóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ Ýóåóáú íóßõæäõ ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð Ãóæú áóÇ¿ ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ÝöíãóÇ ÈóÚúÏõ (2)
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(1) ÚóÞóÏó ÇÈúäõ ÇáúÞóíøöãö ÝóÕúáðÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÝóÊúæóì ÈöÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÇáÓøóáóÝöíøóÉö æóÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÃóÚúáóÇãö ÇáúãõæóÞøöÚöíäó.
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáäøóæúÚõ ãöäú ÃóäúæóÇÚö ãóÇ Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ Ïóáöíáñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.(1/255)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö åóáú åõæó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ åóáú åõæó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóæú áóÇ¿
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÔóÑúØò¡ æóÐóåóÈó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÇáúÃõÓúÊóÇÐõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÐÝóæúÑóßò Åöáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö ÔóÑúØðÇ.
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÝóÕøóáó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú Ãóæú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåöãú Ãóæú ÈöåöãóÇ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÔóÑúØðÇ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÈöÐóåóÇÈö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Åöáóì Íõßúãò æóÓóßóÊó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöåóÇÑöåö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ Ýóåõæó ÔóÑúØñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
áóßöäú ÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÈöãóÓúáóßóíúäö ÖóÚöíÝóíúäö áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ æóæóÌúåö ÖóÚúÝöåöãóÇ¡ Ëõãøó äóÐúßõÑõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: æóÞóÚó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏõ áóåõãú ãõÎóÇáöÝñ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Ãóæú äóÝúÓö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ãóæú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ïõæäó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÍõÌøóÉð æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáËøóÇáöËö æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãóæúÊõåõãú ãõÄóËøöÑðÇ Ýöí ÌóÚúáö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú ÍõÌøóÉð æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÊö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóåõæó ËóÇÈöÊñ ÞóÈúáó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö æóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áóåõãú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÏóÚúæóì ÅöÍóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÚóÏóãö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÚóÏóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÅöÐú åõæó ÊóãúËöíáñ ÌóÇãöÚñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáúæóÍúíö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì - Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì} ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÛóíúÑöåö áóíúÓó Úóäú æóÍúíò ÍóÊøóì íóÞóÚó Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö Þóæúáöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ ÛóíúÑöåö ÝóãõÓúÊóäöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ.(1/256)
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÚóÏóãö ÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð¡ æóßõáøõ ÔóÑúØò ÃóÝúÖóì Åöáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóì ÊóÍúÞöíÞöåö ßóÇäó ÈóÇØöáðÇ.
æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ãóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÌóæøóÒó áöãóäú ÍóÏøóËó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áöÃóåúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊóåõãú¡ æóÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÊóåõ áóåõãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóÞóÏú áóÇ íóäúÞóÑöÖõ ÚóÕúÑõåõãú ÍóÊøóì íõÍúÏöËó ÊóÇÈöÚõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö.
æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö ßóÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóåóáõãøó ÌóÑøðÇ Åöáóì íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞðÇ Ýöí ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÅöÏúÎóÇáö ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó áóåõãú Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÏúÎóáó áöáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ íóÔúÊóÑöØõ ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö.
æóÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö áöÐóáößó ÅöãúßóÇäõ ÑõÌõæÚö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÚóãøóÇ ÍóßóãõæÇ Èöåö ÃóæøóáðÇ áóÇ áöÌóæóÇÒö æõÌõæÏö ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ íóßõæäõ ãõäúÏóÝöÚðÇ.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÓúáöíãö ÏõÎõæáö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚö áóåõãú Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ åõæó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ÚöäúÏó ÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÍóÇÏöËóÉö¡ æóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑó ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó áóÇ ÚóÕúÑó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßó ÚóÕúÑóåõãú¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊøóÌöåðÇ.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÃõãøóÉö ÚóÕúÑò (1) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Úóáóì Íõßúãö ÍóÇÏöËóÉò¡ Ýóåõãú ßõáøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö æóÊóÌöÈõ ÚöÕúãóÊõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝò Úóáóì ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÚóÕúÑöåöãú.
åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú Ãóæú ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåöãú Ãóæú ÈöåöãóÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Íóßóãó æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÍõßúãò æóÇäúÊóÔóÑó Íõßúãõåõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÈóÚúÖöåöãõ
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(1) áóÚóáøóåõ: Ýöí ÚóÕúÑò.(1/257)
ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó Ýöí æóÞúÊò ÂÎóÑó áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ýöí ãõåúáóÉö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó áóåõ ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÙõåõæÑö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÅöÙúåóÇÑõåõ áöáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÓõßõæÊõåõ Úóäú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉò æóÏóáöíáò áóßóÇäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÚóÏóãó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöÐóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ÍóÏøóËó ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ ãóÚó ÅöÕúÑóÇÑö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó Úóáóì ÇáÓøõßõæÊö¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÊóÏøõ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} æóæóÌúåõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÚóáóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóãóäú ÌóÚóáó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú ãóÇäöÚðÇ áóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøõÌõæÚö ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÚóáóåõãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂËóÇÑõ ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÑóÃúíöí æóÑóÃúíõ ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõÈóÇÚó ÃõãøóåóÇÊõ ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúÂäó ÝóÞóÏú ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÈóíúÚóåõäøó - ÃóÙúåóÑó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö - æóÏóáöíáõåõ Þóæúáõ ÚóÈöíÏóÉó ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøö: ÑóÃúíõßõ ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó æóÍúÏóßó¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÚóÈöíÏóÉó Ïóáöíáõ ÓóÈúÞö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÎóÇáóÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÓúãö¡ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÍóÏøó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÈó ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ æóÎóÇáóÝó ãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏøö ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ ; Ýóãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò æóÙóäøò¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÌúÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÃúíó æóÇáäøóÙóÑó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúãõÑóÇÌóÚóÉö æóÊóßóÑøõÑö ÇáäøóÙóÑö íóßõæäõ ÃóæúÖóÍó æóÃóÕóÍøó.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ äóÑóÇßó ÇÊøóÈóÚóßó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó åõãú ÃóÑóÇÐöáõäóÇ ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö} ¡ ÌóÚóáõæÇ ÈóÇÏöíó ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÐóãøðÇ æóØóÚúäðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÍóßøöãðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÃúíö ÇáËøóÇäöí.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú ÊõÚúÊóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú áóÈóØóáó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áóåõãú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú ÈöãóæúÊöåö ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú ÈóÞöíó ÈóÚúÏóåõ ßõáøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.(1/258)
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì Þóæúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóæóÝóÇÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ¡ ÝóÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ ÐóÇßó Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö Þóæúáö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ãóæúáóì.
ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íõÔúÊóÑóØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóÊóÐóßøóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ÌõãúáóÊõåõãú ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÑõÌõæÚõåõãú Åöáóíúåö ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÎóØóÃð¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌõÒö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ ßóÇäó ÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö Ïóáöíáò íõäóÇÞöÖõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÎóØóÃñ æóáóÇ ãóÎúáóÕó ãöäúåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú æóÕúÝöåöãú ÈöÃóäøóåõãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁõ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÍõÌøóÉñ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ßóæúäö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÞóÈõæáõ Þóæúáöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÞóÈõæáöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøõåúãóÉö¡ æóÊóßõæäõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåó ÈöÇáúÃóÏúäóì Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÚúáóì¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöÞúÑóÇÑõ ÇáúãóÑúÁö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÌóÚúáöåöãú ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí íóæúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇãóÉö ÈöÅöÈúáóÇÛö ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö Åöáóíúåöãú ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂËóÇÑö (1) : ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõ Úóáöíøò ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóÅöáøóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃúíöí æóÑóÃúíõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÐöí íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú äõÞöáó Ãóäøó ÌóÇÈöÑó Èúäó ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ßóÇäó íóÑóì ÌóæóÇÒó ÈóíúÚöåöäøó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó æóãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö ÝóáóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÓøóáúãóÇäöíøö áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ; áöÃóäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö: ÑóÃúíõßó ãóÚó ÑóÃúíö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö: ÑóÃúíõßó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö æóÇáúÅöáúÝóÉö æóÇáØøóÇÚóÉö áöáúÅöãóÇãö ÃóÍóÈøõ ÅöáóíúäóÇ ãöäú ÑóÃúíößó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáúÝöÊúäóÉö æóÊóÔúÊöíÊö ÇáúßóáöãóÉö¡ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøõåúãóÉö Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÊóØóÑøõÞöåóÇ Åöáóíúåö Ýöí
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(1) æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÇáúÂËóÇÑö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö æóÃóãúËóÇáöåóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö áóÇ íóÊóÃóÊøóì ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö áöãóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóËóáðÇ Ïõæäó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑò áöÑóÃúíö ãóäú ÈóáóÛó ãöäú ÊóÇÈöÚöíåöãú ÑõÊúÈóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåöãú ßóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö ÐößúÑõåóÇ Úóäú ÃóÍúãóÏó.(1/259)
ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÎóíúäö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáöíøñ ÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝó ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÞóÖöíøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÓúæöíóÉö ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÎóÇáóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæöÝóÇÞö ÝóÅöäøóåõ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇáóÝó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò Ýöí Ðóáößó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÃóÊóÌúÚóáõ ãóäú ÌóÇåóÏó Ýöí ÓóÈöíáö Çááøóåö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö æóãóÇáöåö ßóãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóÑúåðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: ÅöäøóãóÇ ÚóãöáõæÇ áöáøóåö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÌúÑõåõãú Úóáóì Çááøóåö æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ÈöáóÇÛñ.
æóáóãú íõÑúæó Ãóäøó ÚõãóÑó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì Þóæúáö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÝóÖøóáó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö æóÚóæúÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö Åöáóíúåö (1) ; áöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãõÕöÑøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏøõåõ áöáÔøóÇÑöÈö ËóãóÇäöíäó¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÓøõßõæÊöíøö¡ æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ; áößóæúäöåö ßóÇäó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáÓøóÇßöÊöíäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÕöíÑõ ßõáøò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò æóÙóäøò æóáóßöäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøõÌõæÚõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóÕöÑö ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú ÞóØúÚöíøðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÞóØúÚöíøðÇ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúÚóæúÏõ Úóäúåõ æóÊóÑúßõåõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚóæúÏö Úóäö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ãóäú äóÕøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÐúåóÈõ Åöáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö ÈöãóæúÊöåö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈöÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÈóÞöíó æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ (2) áóãú íóÈúØõáú ãóÐúåóÈõåõ æóáóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ; áöÃóäøó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ áóíúÓó åõãú ßõáøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÎóÇáóÝó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúãóíøöÊõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÝóÊúæóÇåõ áóÇ ÊóÈúØõáõ ÈöãóæúÊöåö æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö: ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöÑøó ÞóÈúáó ãóæúÊöåö áöÅöãúßóÇäö äóÓúÎöåö ãöäó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóåõæó ãõÑúÊóÞóÈñ.
æóÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö¡ æóÑóÝúÚõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö ÈöÇáúÞóÇØöÚö Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÓúÎö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚò ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÑóÝúÚö Íõßúãö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÑóÖõæåõ ãöäú ÊóÐóßøõÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Ýóåõæó ÝóÑúÖñ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ Èóáö Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì íóÚúÕöãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóÐóáößó íõæÌöÈõ ÅöãøóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö Ãóæú Ãóäú íóÚúÕöãó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó áóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö Åöáóì ÊóãóÇãö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÝöíãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ ãöäó ÇØøöáóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑò ãõÎóÇáöÝò áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö.
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(1) Ãóíú ÝóÖøóáó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÚúØöíøóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÂáóÊö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ÝóãóíøóÒó ãóäú áóåõ ÞöÏóãñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÞóÇãóÊö ÇáÏøóæúáóÉõ Úóáóíúåöãú Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöãøóäú ÊóÃóÎøóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõãú ÍóÊøóì ÞóæöíóÊú ÔóæúßóÉõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
(2) áóÚóáøóåõ: Ãóäøóåõ.(1/260)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó áÇÈÏ ááÅÌãÇÚ ãä ãÓÊäÏ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÇÊøóÝóÞó Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóäú (1) ÇáúÍõßúãö ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ãóÃúÎóÐò æóãõÓúÊóäóÏò íõæÌöÈõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚóåóÇ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÔóÇÐøóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäú ÊóæúÝöíÞò áóÇ ÊóæúÞöíÝò ÈöÃóäú íõæóÝøöÞóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÓúÊóäöÏò.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó áöÐóáößó ÈöãóÓóÇáößó:
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ãóÚó ÝóÞúÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÇáúãõÓúÊóäóÏö áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúæõÕõæáõ Åöáóì ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ Ãóíú: áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÊóì áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ðóáößó¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊõÌúãöÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö Ãóæú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Ãóäú íõæóÝøöÞóåõãõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áöáÕøóæóÇÈö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓóÇáößö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó áóÇ Ýöí æõÞõæÚöåö.
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóíúÓõæÇ ÈöÂßóÏö ÍóÇáò ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóãóÚúáõæãñ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ æóáóÇ íóÍúßõãõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú æóÍúíò Úóáóì ãóÇ äóØóÞó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕøõ¡ ÝóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊóÞõæáó ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Ïóáöíáò.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöÐóÇ Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝöíãóÇ íóÞõæáõ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÞóæúáðÇ æóÍóßóãó ÈöÍõßúãò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóíúåö (2) ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóäúØöÞõ Úóäö Çáúåóæóì - Åöäú åõæó ÅöáøóÇ æóÍúíñ íõæÍóì} (3)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÝóÞóÏú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóíúåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóÏõáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÍúßõãõæäó ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Ïóáöíáò (4) ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ.
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(1) Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: Úóáóì.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÎúØöÆõ Ýöí ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞóÑøõ Úóáóì ÎóØóÆöåö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.
(3) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁó Ïóáøó Úóáóì æõÞõæÚöåö ãöäúåõ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó Þóæúáñ Úóäú åóæðì.
(4) Èóáú Ïóáøó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú íóÍúÑõãõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÞóæúáõ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ÈöÛóíúÑö ãõÓúÊóäóÏò¡ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ) Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÝúÊóÑöÞóÇ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöåóÉö.(1/261)
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÍúßõãõæÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÓúÊóäöÏò áóÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó áößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÌúãöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò Èöåö¡ æóáóæú ÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó áöÂÍóÇÏöåöãú áóãú íóßõäú áöáúÌóãúÚö Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÒöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúãóÒöíøóÉõ áöáúÌóãúÚö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÈöÎöáóÇÝö Þóæúáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö (1)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÌóæóÇÒó Ðóáößó áöáúÂÍóÇÏö ãóÔúÑõæØñ ÈöÖóãøö Þóæúáö ÇáúÈóÇÞöí Åöáóíúåö áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Öóãøò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌóÇÆöÒñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö (2) .
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÏóáóÇáóÉò æóáóÇ ÃóãóÇÑóÉö ÎóØóÃñ¡ Ýóáóæö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÌúãöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ ÞóÇÏöÍñ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÊóì íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÎóØóÃð¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊõÌúãöÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú¿ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÞóÇáóÉó ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÓúÊóäöÏú Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÇäúÊöÓóÇÈõåóÇ Åöáóì æóÖúÚö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ Èöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇäúÊöÓóÇÈõåóÇ Åöáóì æóÖúÚö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ Ðóáößó Úóäú Ïóáöíáò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ßóæúäõåóÇ ãõÕöíÈóÉð áöÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ Ãóæú ãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó Úóíúäõ ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÊóÕúæöíÑöåö æóÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóíúåö (3) .
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(1) Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÞúÏóÇãö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö Úóáóì Þóæúáò ÞóÏú íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚò áóÇ Ýöí ÍõÌøöíøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ÕõÏúÝóÉð.
(2) ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÇáö ÚóÇÏóÉð ÕõÏõæÑõ ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóäúåõãú ãóÚðÇ Ïõæäó ÊóÞúÏöíãò æóÊóÃúÎöíÑò Ýöí ÅöÈúÏóÇÆöåö¡ æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ßõáøõ ãóäú ÃóÈúÏóì ÑóÃúíóåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö ãõÎúØöÆðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò¡ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ áóãú íóßõäú Ëóãøó ÈóÚúÏõ¡ æóÈöåö íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö.
(3) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ äöÓúÈóÊõåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ; áöÃóäøóåóÇ ÎóÑúÕñ æóÊóÎúãöíäñ æóÞóæúáñ áóãú íóÓúÊóäöÏú Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ áöáÔøóÑúÚö.(1/262)
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò áóãú íóßõäú áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ãóÚúäðì¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ãõÔúÊóÑóØñ áóÇ ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Ãóæú ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¿
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÏóÚúæóì ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóÕúãó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö æóÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ ßóíúÝó íõÓóáøóãõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¿ ÝóåóÐöåö ÌõãúáóÉõ ãóÇ ÙóÝöÑúÊõ Èöåö ãöäú ãóÓóÇáößö ÇáäøóÇÝöíäó æóáóíúÓó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäúåóÇ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöÇÓúÊöÈúÚóÇÏö ãóÞóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö¡ æóÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÈõÚúÏöåö Úóäö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõËúÈöÊõæäó ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöãóÓúáóßóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ Ýóáóæö ÇÝúÊóÞóÑó Ýöí ÌóÚúáöåö ÍõÌøóÉð Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ åõæó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉó Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÌúãóÚö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉñ ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èöåö¡ æóÅöÓúÞóÇØõ ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÍõÑúãóÉõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ íõæÌöÈõ ÚóÏóãõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóáóãú íóÞõæáõæÇ Èöåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÊóÞöÖõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÞõæáõ ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Ïóáöíáò¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ íõæÍöí Èöåö Åöáóíúåö Úóáóì ãóÇ äóØóÞó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕøõ (1) .
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõåõãú ÈöÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÞóÏö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò ßóÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÃõÌúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóãøóÇãö¡ æóäóÇÕöÈö ÇáúÍöÈóÇÈö Úóáóì ÇáØøóÑöíÞö¡ æóÃõÌúÑóÉö ÇáúÍóáøóÇÞö æóÂÎöÐö ÇáúÎóÑóÇÌö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÞõæÚó ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Ïóáöíáò ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõäúÞóáö ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÖóÚúÝõ ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõãú Åöäú ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÍóÞøðÇ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóíúåöãú.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú Ïóáöíáò Ãóæú íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó ÖóÚúÝõ ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐö Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö (2) .
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(1) Ãóíú æóíóßõæäõ ãöäú ÊóÙóÇåõÑö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó áöáúãõÄóáøöÝö Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Õ 218 Ãóäøóåõ Óóáøóãó áöÎóÕúãöåö Þóæúáóåõ: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó áóÇ íóÏõáøõåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÍóÕöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö(1/263)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÇáÇÎÊáÇÝ Ýí ÌæÇÒ ÇäÚÞÇÏ ÇáÅÌãÇÚ Úä ÇáÇÌÊåÇÏ æÇáÞíÇÓ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÚóÞöÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóäú ãõÓúÊóäóÏò ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏöåö Úóäö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ ÝóÌóæøóÒóåõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúæõÞõæÚö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ.
æóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöËõÈõæÊöåö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãóÚó Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÊóÍúÑõãõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ æóåõãõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÊóÍúÑõãõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí Ðóáößó íóÝúÊóÍõ ÈóÇÈó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóáóÇ íõÍóÑøöãõåõ.
æóÐóåóÈóÊö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ¡ æóÏóÇæõÏõ ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöíøõ¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò ÇáØøóÈóÑöíøõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáúÌóáöíøö Ïõæäó ÇáúÎóÝöíøö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÌóæóÇÒõåõ æóæõÞõæÚõåõ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÊóãúÊóäöÚõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ.
ÃóãøóÇ Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóäøóÇ ÞóÏú æóÍøóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÎóáúÞó ÇáúßóËöíÑó ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏó Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãõÌúãöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÍúßóÇãò ÈóÇØöáóÉò áóÇ ÊóÓúÊóäöÏõ Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò ÞóØúÚöíøò æóáóÇ Ïóáöíáò Ùóäøöíøò ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (1) ¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÒõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö Ãóæúáóì¡ ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóÇ áóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ æõÞõæÚó Ðóáößó áóãóÇ áóÒöãó Úóäúåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÞóáðÇ (2) ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúÌóÇÆöÒö Óöæóì åóÐóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáÑøóÃúíö ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäúåõãú: ÑóÖöíóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö áöÏöíäöäóÇ ÃóÝóáóÇ äóÑúÖóÇåõ áöÏõäúíóÇäóÇ¿ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: " Åöäú ÊõæóáøõæåóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÊóÌöÏõæåõ ÞóæöíøðÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÖóÚöíÝðÇ Ýöí ÈóÏóäöåö "¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõãõ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: " æóÇááøóåö áóÇ ÝóÑøóÞúÊõ Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÌóãóÚó Çááøóåõ¡ ÞóÇáó Çááøóåõ: (ÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊõæ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó) . "
æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö ÔóÍúãö ÇáúÎöäúÒöíÑö ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÊóÍúÑöíãö áóÍúãöåö¡ æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöÑóÇÞóÉö ÇáÔøóíúÑóÌö æóÇáÏøöÈúÓö ÇáÓøóíøóÇáö ÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú Ýöíåö ÝóÃúÑóÉñ æóãóÇÊóÊú ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÝóÃúÑóÉö ÇáÓøóãúäö¡ æóÚóáóì ÊóÃúãöíÑö ÎóÇáöÏö Èúäö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚò ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåöãú.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 197¡ 224.
(2) áóáúäõÝóÇÉö Ãóäú íóÞõæáõæÇ: Åöäú Ïóáøó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ÚóÇÏóÉð.(1/264)
æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Ýöí Òóãóäö ÚõãóÑó Úóáóì ÍóÏøö ÔóÇÑöÈö ÇáúÎóãúÑö ËóãóÇäöíäó ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáó Úóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÓóßöÑó æóÅöÐóÇ ÓóßöÑó åóÐóì æóÅöÐóÇ åóÐóì ÇÝúÊóÑóì¡ ÝóÃóÑóì Ãóäú íõÞóÇãó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÏøõ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäõ ÚóæúÝò: åóÐóÇ ÍóÏøñ æóÃóÞóáøõ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏö ËóãóÇäõæäó.
æóÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Úóáóì ÌóÒóÇÁö ÇáÕøóíúÏö¡ æóãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÃóÑúÔö ÇáúÌöäóÇíóÉö¡ æóãöÞúÏóÇÑö äóÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÞóÑöíÈö¡ æóÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó.
æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ æóÇáúæõÞõæÚõ æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð ãõÊøóÈóÚóÉð áöãóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö ãóÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÕúÑò ÅöáøóÇ æóÝöíåö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú äõÝóÇÉö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó ÃóãúÑñ Ùóäøöíøñ¡ æóÞõæóì ÇáäøóÇÓö æóÃóÝúåóÇãõåõãú ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉñ Ýöí ÅöÏúÑóÇßö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö Èöåö ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì Ãóßúáö ØóÚóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóãúÒöÌóÊöåöãú.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ïóáöíáñ ãóÞúØõæÚñ Èöåö ; ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ãõÎóÇáöÝóåõ íõÈóÏøóÚõ æóíõÝóÓøóÞõ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúãóÙúäõæäõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Úóáóì ÖöÏøöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ÅöÓúäóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Åöáóíúåö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÃóÕúáñ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö æóåõæó ãóÚúÕõæãñ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ÝóÑúÚñ æóÚõÑúÖóÉñ áöáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÇÓúÊöäóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö æóãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúÕõæãñ Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Åöáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÚö æóãóÇ åõæó ÚõÑúÖóÉñ áöáúÎóØóÃö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö¡ Ýóáóæö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóäö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ãóæú ÞöíóÇÓò áóÍóÑõãóÊö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒóÉõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáö ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÕõæóÑö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ßóÇäó Úóäö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó Úóäú äõÕõæÕò ÙóåóÑóÊú áöáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóäóÇ æóÐóáößó ßóÊóãóÓøõßö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò Ýöí ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóÞöíãõæÇ ÇáÕøóáóÇÉó æóÂÊõæÇ ÇáÒøóßóÇÉó} ¡(1/265)
æóÈöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ (ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÞøöåóÇ) ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " «ÃõãöÑúÊõ Ãóäú ÃõÞóÇÊöáó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÍóÊøóì íóÞõæáõæÇ áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåó» " æóßóÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíãö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÝöÚúáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ãóíøõßõãú íóØöíÈõ äóÝúÓðÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÞóÏøóãó ÞóÏóãóíúäö ÞóÏøóãóåõãóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóäóÇ áöáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäú äóÞúáöåö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÞõæÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöíóÕöÍøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ æóæõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãöäú æõÞõæÚö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÈóÚúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö æóáóÇ íõãúäóÚõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ßóíúÝó æóåõæó ãóäúÞõæÖñ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¿ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö æóÝöí ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÊóÒúßöíóÊöåö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóíúåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó ÅöÐóÇ ÙóåóÑó æóÚõÏöãó Çáúãóíúáõ æóÇáúåóæóì¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö Úóáóíúåö æóíóßõæäõ ÏóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóÐøóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí æóÞúÊò ãõÚóíøóäò áöÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÃóÝúåóÇãöåöãú æóÌöÏøöåöãú Ýöí ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÃóÒúãöäóÉò ãõÊóØóÇæöáóÉò ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÊóÚóÐøóÑõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÚóÏóÇáóÊóåõ ãóÙúäõæäóÉñ ÈöãóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõæÌöÈóÉö áöÊóÒúßöíóÊöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúßóÇÝøóÉö Úóáóì Ãóßúáö ØóÚóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÃóãúÒöÌóÊöåöãú ãõæÌöÈñ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÛúÑóÇÖöåöãú æóÔóåóæóÇÊöåöãú¡ æóáóÇ ÏóÇÚöíó áóåõãú Åöáóì ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö Úóáóíúåö ßóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáÏøóÇÚöí áóåõãú ÚöäúÏó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú Úóáóì ËõÈõæÊö Íõßúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÝóÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó íóÓúÈöÞõåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö Ðóáößó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÙóäøöíøðÇ ÝóÅöÐðÇ ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóØúÚöíøö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Åöáóì ÞóØúÚöíøò áóÇ Åöáóì Ùóäøöíøò.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ íóäúÊóÞöÖõ ÈöãóÇ æóÇÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäó ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÙóäøöíøðÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóäóÏõ Åöáóíúåö ÞóØúÚöíøñ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö íóßõæäõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.(1/266)
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóíúÓó åõæó ÝóÑúÚðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Èóáú áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ãóÚóåõ ÈöäóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÝóÑúÚöåö.
Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó ÚõÑúÖóÉñ áöáúÎóØóÃö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÇãöÓö: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇäúÚóÞóÏó Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ÇáúãõäúÝóÑöÏö ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö ßóÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.
Þóæúáõåõãú: ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú Úóáóì äõÕõæÕò.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäú Ãóãúßóäó ÇáÊøóÔóÈøõËõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏõæåõ ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúÚõÐúÑõ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ Ýöíåö äóÕøñ ãóÚó ÊóÕúÑöíÍöåöãú ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÕõæÑóÉò ÈöÕõæÑóÉò ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÝöíåóÇ äóÕøñ áóãóÇ ÚóÏóáõæÇ Úóäúåõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö (1) æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóäö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÚóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÙøóäøöíøóÉö¡ Ýóáóæú ÙóåóÑó Ïóáöíáñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÙøóäøöíøóÉö æóÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÞóÏú ÍóßóãóÊú ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ - æóÅöäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ßóæúäõåõ åõæó ÇáúãõÓúÊóäóÏó - ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÚúíöíäõåõ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÓúÊóäóÏó ÛóíúÑõåõ (2) áöÊóßúËõÑó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö.
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(1) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: áóãú íóÚúÏöáõæÇ Úóäö ÇáäøóÕøö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÖóãøõæÇ Åöáóíúåö ÂÎóÑó åõæó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ ßóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÈóÚúÏõ.
(2) Ãóíú ÛóíúÑõåõ ãóÚóåõ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö.(1/267)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö åóáú íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇËõ Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó
ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö åóáú íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇËõ Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò¿
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö: ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøóÉö æóÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö: Åöäøó ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉó ÇáËøóíøöÈó ÅöÐóÇ æóØöÆóåóÇ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑöí Ëõãøó æóÌóÏó ÈöåóÇ ÚóíúÈðÇ íõãúäóÚõ ÇáÑøóÏøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÞúÑö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö ãóÌøóÇäðÇ Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ.
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÇáúÌóÏøõ íóÑöËõ ÌóãöíÚó ÇáúãóÇáö ãóÚó ÇáúÃóÎö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÈöÇáúãõÞóÇÓóãóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑöËõ ÔóíúÆðÇ Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÇáäøöíøóÉõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉñ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ: ÇáäøöíøóÉõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ áóÇ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò ãöäó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÇÊö Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ.
æóÝöí ãóÚúäóì åóÐóÇ ãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÝóÓúÎö ÇáäøößóÇÍö ÈöÇáúÚõíõæÈö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ: áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÝóÓúÎõ ÈöÔóíúÁò ãöäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáúÝóÓúÎö ÈöÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Ýöí ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö Ãóæú ÒóæúÌóÉò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö: áöáúÃõãøö ËõáúËñ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: áóåóÇ ËõáúËõ ãóÇ íóÈúÞóì ÈóÚúÏó äóÕöíÈö ÇáÒøóæúÌö æóÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó áóåóÇ ËõáúËó ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÊóíúäö æóËõáúËó ãóÇ íóÈúÞóì Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóìº Þóæúáñ ËóÇáöËñ.
ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõ Ïóáöíáñ Ãóæú áóåõ Ïóáöíáñ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Èöåö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ äöÓúÈóÊõåõ ÇáúÎóØóÃó Åöáóì ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöäöÓúÈóÊöåöãú Åöáóì ÊóÖúíöíÚöåö æóÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö Úóäúåõ (2) ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ.
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ
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(1) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó áöÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
(2) ÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÍúÏóÇËö Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÖöíáö ÝóíóáúÒóãõåõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ãõÍóÇáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÊóÈóíøóäõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÌúæöÈóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÓúÆöáóÉö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö.(1/268)
ãöäú Ðóáößó äöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ãõÚóíøóäðÇ æóåõæó áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí (1) ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ãõÕöíÈðÇ ÝóÇáÊøóÎúØöÆóÉõ Êóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉñ.
æóÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì Úóáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú ÅöÍúÏóÇËö Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËò ; áöÃóäøó ßõáøó ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐó ÈöÞóæúáöåóÇ Ãóæú ÈöÞóæúáö ãõÎóÇáöÝöåóÇ¡ æóíóÍúÑõãõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÕúãó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓóáøöãõ ÅöíÌóÇÈó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö ÇáúÃóÎúÐó ÈöÞóæúáöåóÇ Ãóæú Þóæúáö ãõÎóÇáöÝöåóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÞóÏú íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ãöãøóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö Ýóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóÇÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö æóåõãóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáÑøóÏøö¡ æóÇáÑøóÏøõ ãóÚó ÇáúÚóÞúÑö ÝóÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö ãõÊøóÝöÞóÇäö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÑøóÏøö ãóÌøóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ Èöåö íóßõæäõ ÎóÑúÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÌóÏøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö æóåõãóÇ: ÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáõåõ ÈöÇáúãöíÑóÇËö æóãõÞóÇÓóãóÊõåõ áöáúÃóÎö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóÇäö Úóáóì Ãóäøó áöáúÌóÏøö ÞöÓúØðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÇáö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöËõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑöËõ ÔóíúÆðÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÑúÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóßóÐóáößó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóåõãóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÇÊö æóÚóáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãõÍúÏóËõ ÇáäøóÇÝöí áöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÑúÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÞóæúáóÇäö¡ Èóáú æóÇÝóÞó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ãöäú æóÌúåò æóÎóÇáóÝóåõ ãöäú æóÌúåò¡ Ýóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÎóÑúÞõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáäøöíøóÉö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÚúÖõ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ æóåõæó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÑúÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ; áöÃóäøó ÎóÑúÞó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöãóÇ
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(1) ÓóíóÃúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö æóÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ýöí ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäö ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúãõÕóæøöÈóÉö æóÇáúãõÎóØøöÆóÉö¡ Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(1/269)
íõÎóÇáöÝõ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóåóÇåõäóÇ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáó ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö Ýöí ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÞóÏú æóÇÝóÞó Ýöí ßõáøö ÕõæÑóÉò ãóÐúåóÈó Ðöí ãóÐúåóÈò¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáäøöíøóÉö áößóæúäöåö ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöÞóæúáö ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåóÇ Ýöí Çáúßõáøö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáäøóÝúíö áößóæúäöåö ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö Ýöí Çáúßõáøö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÊóáõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ ÈöÇáÐøöãøöíøö æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÈóíúÚõ ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÈöÇáÐøöãøöíøö æóÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÈöÇáÐøöãøöíøö æóÈöäóÝúíö ÕöÍøóÉö ÈóíúÚö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÇÑöÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ áóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÝóÓúÎö ÇáäøößóÇÍö ÈöÇáúÚõíõæÈö ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áóãú íóÞõáú ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Þóæúáñ áóãú íóÞõáú Èöåö ÞóÇÆöáñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö Èöåö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö Èöåö æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó Ýöí æóÇÞöÚóÉò ãõÊóÌóÏøöÏóÉò ÈöÍõßúãò ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíåóÇ áöÃóÍóÏò Þóæúáñ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÞóÇÆöáñ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáöº ÝóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö íóßõæäõ ÎóÑúÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÚúÑóÝó ãöäú ÕóÑöíÍö ãóÞóÇáöåö Ãóæú ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ ÍóÊøóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö áóæú ÕóÑøóÍó ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓúÊóáúÒöãò áöáúÞóæúáö ÈöäóÝúíö ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö æóÅöáøóÇ áóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ÈöÇáÐøöãøöíøö æóÈóíúÚö ÇáúÛóÇÆöÈö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö Ýöíåö ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÊóÎúØöÆóÉñ áöáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ.
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(1) æóßóÐóáößó íóßõæäõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõãóÑöíøóÊóíúäö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ¡ æóÖóÇÈöØõ Ðóáößó ÊóÚóÏøõÏõ ãóÍóáøö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ØóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ Ýóáöãóäú ÌóÇÁó ÈóÚúÏõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Ãóäú íõÍúÏöËó ÞóæúáðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö¡ ÝóíõæóÇÝöÞõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉð Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúÍöáøö æóíõæóÇÝöÞõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí Íõßúãö ÇáúãóÍóáøö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.(1/270)
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúãõÍóÇáõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ßõáøö ÈóÚúÖò ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íõÊøóÝóÞú Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍóÇáðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇäúÞöÓóÇãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Åöáóì ÞöÓúãóíúäö¡ æóßõáøõ ÞöÓúãò ãõÎúØöÆñ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó.
(ÔõÈóåõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó)
ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö Ïóáöíáõ ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÍóÇÏöËñ Úóäú ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóßóÇäó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóæö ÇäúÞóÑóÖó ÚóÕúÑõåõãú æóßóÇäõæÇ ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÏóáøõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÈöÏóáöíáóíúäö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áöáÊøóÇÈöÚöíøö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÏóáöíáò ËóÇáöËò¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: Ïóáöíáõ ÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÍúÏóÇËö Þóæúáò ËóÇáöËö ÇáúæõÞõæÚõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöäúßóÇÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö æóÒóæúÌóÉò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: áöáúÃõãøö ËõáúËõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑúÖö ÇáÒøóæúÌö æóÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó: áöáúÃõãøö ËõáúËõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöí ÈóÚúÏó ÝóÑúÖö ÇáÒøóæúÌö æóÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö æóÞóÏú ÃóÍúÏóËó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó ÞóæúáðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó (1) ÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ýöí ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö æóÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ æóÞóÇáó ÊóÇÈöÚöíøñ ÂÎóÑõ ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö (ÃóäúÊö Úóáóíøó ÍóÑóÇãñ) (2) Úóáóì ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò¡ ÝóÃóÍúÏóËó ãóÓúÑõæÞñ æóåõæó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ ÓóÇÈöÚðÇ æóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Íõßúãñ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãöäúåõãú Ãóæú ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåöãú: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó ÈöÏóáöíáò ËóÇáöËò íõÄóßøöÏõ ãóÇ ÕóÇÑóÊú Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóáóÇ íõÈúØöáõåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ.
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(1) Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ Ýöí ÍößóÇíóÉö Þóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó Ýöí ÒóæúÌóÉò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö¡ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ïõæäó ÒóæúÌò æóÃóÈóæóíúäö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáÑøóÌõáö áöÒóæúÌóÊöåö: ÃóäúÊö Úóáóíøó ÍóÑóÇãñ Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö " ÅöÚúáóÇãö ÇáúãõæóÞøöÚöíäó ".(1/271)
ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì Ïóáöíáò æóÇÍöÏò áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì Íõßúãò æóÇÍöÏò ãóÇäöÚñ ãöäú ÅöÈúÏóÇÚö Íõßúãò ÂÎóÑó ãõÎóÇáöÝò áóåõ ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉö: ÃóãøóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÒøóæúÌö æóÇáÒøóæúÌóÉö ãóÚó ÇáúÃóÈóæóíúäö Ýóåöíó ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÑúÝóÚõ ãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóÇäö¡ Èóáú Þóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈóÇ Åöáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎóÇáöÝò áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Èóáú åõæó ÞóÇÆöáñ Ýöí ßõáøö ÕõæÑóÉò ÈöãóÐúåóÈö Ðöí ãóÐúåóÈò ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÑóÇÝöÚðÇ áöãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóÇäö ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó áóãú íóÓúÊóÞöÑøó Þóæúáõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Èóáú Þóæúáõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ Þóæúáõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóíúÓó Ýöíåö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Èóáú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú Ýöí æóÞúÊö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÞóÏú ÎóÇáóÝóåõãú ÍóÇáóÉó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÐóáößó ÎóÇÑöÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÞõÏøöÑó ÅöÍúÏóÇËõ Þóæúáöåö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ãóÑúÏõæÏñ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáò¡ æóÚóÏóãõ äóÞúáö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãöåö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö (ÃóäúÊö Úóáóíøó ÍóÑóÇãñ) .(1/272)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÈöÏóáöíáò Ýóåóáú íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇËõ Ïóáöíáò ÂÎóÑó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ÈöÏóáöíáò¡ Ãóæú ÊóÃóæøóáõæÇ ÊóÃúæöíáðÇ Ýóåóáú íóÌõæÒõ áöãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú ÅöÍúÏóÇËõ Ïóáöíáò Ãóæú ÊóÃúæöíáò ÂÎóÑó¿
áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ãóåúáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÞóÏú äóÕøõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö Ãóæú Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö Ãóæú ÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó áóãú íóÌõÒú ÅöÍúÏóÇËõåõ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÎúØöÆóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÌóÇÒó ÅöÍúÏóÇËõåõ ÅöÐú áóÇ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉó Ýöíåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇáöËó ÝóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö æóãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ ÇáúÃóÞóáøõæäó.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÌóæóÇÒõåõ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóÒöãó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Úóáóíúåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÞóÏúÍõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ßóãóÇ áóæú áóãú íóÓúÈöÞúåõ ÊóÃúæöíáñ Ãóæú Ïóáöíáñ ÂÎóÑõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ íóÓúÊóÎúÑöÌõæäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉó æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáóÇÊö ÇáúãõÛóÇíöÑóÉó áöÃóÏöáøóÉö ãóäú ÊóÞóÏøóãó æóÊóÃúæöíáóÇÊöåö¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÍóÏñ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãóÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ¡ æóÇáÏøóáöíáõ æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí áóíúÓó åõæó ÓóÈöíáó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö ÊóÃúãõÑõæäó ÈöÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝö} Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõãú íóÃúãõÑõæäó Èößõáøö ãóÚúÑõæÝò ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝó ÈöÇáúÃóáöÝö æóÇááøóÇãö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÛúÑöÞóÉö áöáúÌöäúÓö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ áóÃõãöÑõæÇ Èöåö æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÃúãóÑõæÇ Èöåö áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÝóßóÇäó ãõäúßóÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö» "¡ æóÞóÏú ÐóåóÈõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÐóåóÇÈõåõãú Úóäúåõ ÎóØóÃð¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÏóáöíáðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ Ãóæú ÊóÃúæöíáðÇ ÕóÍöíÍðÇ áóßóÇäó ÇáÐøóåóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÎóØóÃð æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.(1/273)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøóåõ (1) ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÐúåóÈó Úóáóì Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí áóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõæÍöíó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÏóáöíáóíúäö Úóáóì Íõßúãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ íõÔóÑøöÚõ ÇáúÍõßúãó áöÃóÍóÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö æóíóÐúåóÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÐøóãøó ÝöíåóÇ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úóáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊò Ãóæú äóÝúíò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ ÈöÓõáõæßö ãóÇ áóãú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖõæÇ áóåõ ÈöäóÝúíò æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊò.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÍóÞøõÞó áóåõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÍúÏöËó áöáÏøóáöíáö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÛóíúÑõ ÊóÇÑößò áöÏóáöíáö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóáóÇ áöÊóÃúæöíáöåöãú¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Öóãøõ Ïóáöíáò Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò æóÊóÃúæöíáò Åöáóì ÊóÃúæöíáò¡ æóáóÇ åõæó ÊóÇÑößñ áöãóÇ äóåõæÇ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú äóåõæÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì Íóãúáö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóíúåö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöáúÍóÇÞö ÇáÐøóãøö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚóÑøõÖó Ýöíåö áöÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ ÈöäóÝúíò æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊò.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÔúÊóÑößóÉõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: {æóÊóäúåóæúäó Úóäö ÇáúãõäúßóÑö} íóÞúÊóÖöí ßóæúäóåõãú äóÇåöíäó Úóäú ßõáøö ãõäúßóÑò áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú áóÇãö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúÑóÇÞö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ãõäúßóÑðÇ áóäóåóæúÇ Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóãú íóäúåóæúÇ Úóäúåõ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõäúßóÑðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ãóäøó ÐóåóÇÈóåõãú Úóäö ÇáÏøóáöíáö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãóÚó ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóÓúÊóÛúäõæÇ Úóäúåõ ÈöÏóáöíáöåöãú æóÊóÃúæöíáöåöãú.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ãóäøóåõ ÞöíóÇÓñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌóÇãöÚò ÕóÍöíÍò ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚó ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö (2) ÇáúÍõßúãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ÈöÏóáöíáóíúäö ÞóÏú ßóáøóÝó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöåöãóÇ Ãóæú ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäú ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö áöáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö áöáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö ãóÚó ÊóßúáöíÝöåö ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöåöãóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áöáúÍõßúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÞóÏú ßõáøöÝõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
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(1) Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: áóæú ÌóÇÒó.
(2) ãóÚó ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö - Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÊóÚúÑöíÝöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íõÑúÔöÏõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøõ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ.(1/274)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó ÇáÎáÇÝ Ýí ÅÌãÇÚ ÚÕÑ áÇÍÞ Úáì ÃÍÏ Þæáí ÚÕÑ ÓÇÈÞ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ãóåúáõ ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÎöáóÇÝõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú áóåõ äóßöíÑñ¡ Ýóåóáú íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÈöÍóíúËõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóãú áóÇ¿
ÐóåóÈó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøóíúÑóÝöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ¡ æóÅöãóÇãõ ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Åöáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ; æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö æóÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÎöáóÇÝõåõãú Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈóÚúÏó ÊóãóÇãö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò Ãóæú ÊóÞúáöíÏò¡ æóåõãú ãóÚúÕõæãõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö.
Ýóáóæú ÃóÌúãóÚó ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóãúÊóäöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö - ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãõÌúãöÚóÉñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èöåö (1) - ÝóÝöíåö ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóåóÈõæÇ Åöáóíúåö.
æóíóÓúÊóÍöíáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÞóæúáö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èöåö ãóÚðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÎóØóÃð Ãóæú íóáúÒóãõåõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóíúäö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò ãõãúÊóäöÚò¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ.
áóßöäú áóíúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÚóÞúáöíøðÇ Èóáú ÓóãúÚöíøðÇ.
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈõ áóæú ãóÍúÐõæÝñ áöÏóáóÇáóÉö Þóæúáöåö " ÝóÝöíåö " Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: áóÃóÝúÖóì Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò ãõãúÊóäöÚò ; áöÃóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö Åöäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑúäóÇ ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ áöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÞöíÖóíúäö Åöäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑúäóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö æóÃóæúÌóÈúäóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ãöäó ÇáöÇÖúØöÑóÇÈö. æóÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ ÝóÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉõ ãóãúäõæÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èößõáøò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóåöíó Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãõÌúÊóåöÏò íóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö¡ áößóæúäöåö ÕóæóÇÈðÇ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÎóØóÃð Ýöí äóÙóÑö ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåö¡ Ãóæú Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÍóÊøóì áóæú ÊóÛóíøóÑó ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõåõ ÝóÑóÃóì ÑóÃúíó ãõÎóÇáöÝöåö áóæóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö Ãóäú íóÚúãóáó ÈöÇáúÂÎöÑö ãöäú Þóæúáóíúåö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö.(1/275)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö (1) áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóØóÃð áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÅöÐóÇ ÇÌúÊóåóÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝóÃóÎúØóÃó Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÕóÇÈó Ýóáóåõ ÃóÌúÑóÇäö» "¡ æóÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö ÎóØóÃñ (2) ¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÙúåóÑó ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ßóÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÝóÑúÖó ÇáúÚóÇÏöãö áöáúãóÇÁö åõæó ÇáÊøóíóãøõãõ ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáúãóÇÁõ ÒóÇáó Íõßúãõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÔúÑõæØò æóáóßöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚóåõãú Úóáóì Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÝóÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóíúåö ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èöåö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ (3) ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú¡ æóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ ÓóãúÚðÇ.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö æóÈóíóÇäöåö ÈöÇáúæõÞõæÚö æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÏóÝúäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÈóíúÊö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÏóÝúäöåö¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãóÉö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ãóäú íóßõæäõ ÅöãóÇãðÇ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚõæäó Úóáóì ãóäúÚö ÈóíúÚö ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÞöÚðÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÎóØóÃð Èóáú ßõáøõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏò Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ãõÕöíÈñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ (4) .
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÃúæöíáõåõ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÕóæóÇÈðÇ
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(1) áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö ÅöáóÎú. áóßóÇäó ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÊõÎóØøöÆõ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÞóæúáöåóÇ¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãõäóÇÓöÈðÇ áöãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ãóæøóáó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóáóãú íõäóÇÞóÖú ãóÚó ÈóÞöíøóÉö ÇáúÝöÞúÑóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 257.
(3) ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ.
(4) ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãóÚó ÇáúãõÎóØøöÆóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøóÏøõ Úóáóì ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúãõÕóæøöÈóÉö áöáúÍóÏöíËö Åöäú ÔóÇÁó Çááøóåõ.(1/276)
æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáúÎóØóÃö (1) ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóæøóÒó ãöËúáó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍõßúãö ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÃóØúáóÞõæÇ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØõæǺ áóÓóÇÛó ãöËúáõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ßõáøö ÅöÌúãóÇÚò¡ æóáóÓóÇÛó Ãóäú ÊóÊøóÝöÞó ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Úóáóì Þóæúáò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåöº áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÃóäú áóÇ íóÙúåóÑó ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áóåõ Èóáú æóáóÌóÇÒó áöáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöåöãõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ¡ áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúØö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÙúåóÑú Ýöíåö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúØö Ýóåõæó ãõÎúØöÆñ ÂËöãñ (2) ¡ æóÈöåö ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ãóÇ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Ãóäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí áóãú íóßõäú ãõÍóÇáðÇ áöäóÝúÓö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö Èóáú áöãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõåõ ãöäö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÂÎóÑö (3) .
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÏøóÝúäö æóÇáúÅöãóÇãóÉö æóÞöÊóÇáö ãóÇäöÚöí ÇáÒøóßóÇÉö áóãú íóßõäú ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú æóÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóÒúãö ÈöãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúãóÔõæÑóÉö ßóãóÇ ÌóÑóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÈóÍúËö ÚóãøóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí Ãóäú íõÚúãóáó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöíåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝöíäó ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú¡ æóãóäú ÔóÑóØó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó áóãú íóãúäóÚú ãöäú ÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Ãóæú ÑõÌõæÚö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÚóãøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÚóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåöãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÚóÕúÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáöíäó¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈó ÇáúÃóæøóáó åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ (4) .
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(1) ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÃóÎúÐö ßõáøö ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ÈöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö áößóæúäöåö ÕóæóÇÈðÇ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóØóÃð Ýöí äóÙóÑö ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåö¡ Èóáú Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ äóÝúÓðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåóÇ¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íõÌúãöÚõæÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÎóØóÃñ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÎóØóÃñ Ýöí äóÙóÑö ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ÕóæóÇÈñ Ýöí äóÙóÑö ãõÎóÇáöÝöíåöãú.
(2) áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉó áöæõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝóÇÑöÞö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãóËóáðÇ áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúÕõæãò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãõÌöíÈõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ßõáøö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ãóæú ÌóæóÇÒõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÊöåóÇ¡ æóåöíó ãóÚúÕõæãóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÅöáøóÇ áöáÑøóÏøö Úóáóì ãóäú ÌóæøóÒó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÌúãóÇÚò ÓóÇÈöÞò.
(3) ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó áóåõãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö áößóæúäöåö ÕóæóÇÈðÇ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåöãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó ÎóØóÄõåõãú ÈöãóÇ ÌóÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÍóÑõãó Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö.
(4) áöÃóäøóåõ ÇÎúÊóÇÑó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö 16 Ãóäú áóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØó Ýöí ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóáóì ÊóÝúÕöíáò.(1/277)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÃõãøóåóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó æóÇÓúÊóãóÑøó Åöáóì ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖö ÚóÕúÑöåöãú ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó ÞóÇØöÈóÉð Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÈóíúÚöåöäøó.
ÝóÅöäøó ãóÐúåóÈó Úóáöíøò Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÈóíúÚöåöäøó áóãú íóÒóáú Èóáú ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö æóßõáøõ ãóäú åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÍóáøö æóÇáúÚóÞúÏö Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈöåö ÞóÇÆöáñ Èöåö æóÅöáóì ÇáúÂäó æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö Þóæúáóíúåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó ÇáÎáÇÝ Ýí ÅÌãÇÚ Ãåá ÚÕÑ Úáì ÃÍÏ ÃÞæÇáåã]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ Ãóæú Ãóåúáõ Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ Ýóåóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÑö ÎöáóÇÝöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ æóÇáúãóäúÚõ ãöäú ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¿
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÞóØóÚó ÈöÌóæóÇÒöåö¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÚúÊóÈöÑö ÇäúÞöÑóÇÖó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ÈöÔóÑúØö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏó áóÇ ÏóáöíáðÇ ÞóÇØöÚðÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ãóäóÚó Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ æóáóãú íõÌóæøöÒö ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏó ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÃóÞúæóÇáöåöãú æóåõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö æóáóæú Ýöí áóÍúÙóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ (1) Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò Ùóäøöíøò Ãóæú ÞóØúÚöíøò Ãóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ÞóÇØöÚóÉð ãóÇäöÚóÉð ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö.
æóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ÎöáóÇÝõåõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö Ýóåõæó ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÊóÌúæöíÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö¡ Ýóáóæú ÊõÕõæøöÑó ÅöÌúãóÇÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõÍóÇáõ ÇáøóÐöí ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ (2) .
æóßõáøõ ãóÇ æóÑóÏó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö æóÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáö Ýóåõæó ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãõÊóæóÌøöåñ åóÇåõäóÇ ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö æóäóÞúáöåö Åöáóì åóÇåõäóÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöÓõÄóÇáò ÂÎóÑó æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæú Ãóåúáõ Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò ßóÇäó Úóáóì Íõßúãò æóÎóÇáóÝóåõãú æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÙúåóÑó áöÐóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áöÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö Ðóáößó áóåõ Åöäú ãóäóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì
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(1) ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: äóÕúÈõ ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ ; áößóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑó ßóÇäó.
(2) áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúãõÍóÇáõ áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Õ 275.(1/278)
ãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÝóÞóÏú ãóäóÚúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáøóÐöí ÙóåóÑó áóåõ æóáöÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ãóÚóåõ æóÃóæúÌóÈúäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ Ðóáößó æóíóÞúØóÚõ ÈöÈõØúáóÇäöåö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÅöäú áóãú äóãúäóÚúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö ÝóÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúæöÝóÇÞõ ãöäúåõãú ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóæú ÙóåóÑó áóåõ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áöáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóäóÍúäõ áóÇ äõÍöíáõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÑøõÌõæÚó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóáóßöäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ ÈöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÙõåõæÑöåö Úóáóíúåö áóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚö æóåõæó ãóÇ íõÝúÖöí Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚóíúäö æóáõÒõæãö ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ßóãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö (1) .
æóáóÇ ÝóÇÑöÞó ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö åõãõ ÇáÑøóÇÌöÚõæäó ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú ÚóãøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó áöÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì æóÃóäøó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ÞóÏú íóÊóæóåøóãõ Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö (2) ÇáúÎóÇÆöÖöíäó Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ æóÝöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÌúãöÚõæäó åõãú ßõáøõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóáöÐóáößó ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃõæáóì.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ äóÞõæáõ Åöäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉò Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö Ëõãøó ãóÇÊó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö æóÈóÞöíó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Þóæúáõåõãú ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑöåö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöíåö Þóæúãñ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó åóáú íõãúßöäõ æõÌõæÏõ ÎóÈóÑò Ãóæú Ïóáöíáò æóáóÇ ãóÚóÇÑöÖó áóåõ æóÊóÔúÊóÑößõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
åóáú íõãúßöäõ æõÌõæÏõ ÎóÈóÑò Ãóæú Ïóáöíáò æóáóÇ ãóÚóÇÑöÖó áóåõ æóÊóÔúÊóÑößõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö¿ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÌóæøóÒóåõ ãóÕíöÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÛóíúÑõ ãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö (3) ¡ ÈöãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõãú æóáóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõãú¡ ÝóÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõåõãú Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð ÝóÅöäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÚöáúãö áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáöåöãú¡ æóÎóØóÃõ ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ãöäú ÃóæúÕóÇÝö ÝöÚúáöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóÍóÇáóåõ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõãú áóæö ÇÔúÊóÑóßõæÇ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö¡ áóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÓóÈöíáðÇ áóåõãú æóáóæóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó) ÇáúÂíóÉó.
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(1) íõÑöíÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Ïóáöíáóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúÍóÇÏöíóÉö æóÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó¡ æóÞóÏú ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ.
(2) Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö. . . ÅöáóÎú. Ýöí ÇáúÚöÈóÇÑóÉö ÓóÞúØñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ÇáúãõÌúãöÚöíäó ÈóÚúÖõ.
(3) ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåõ.(1/279)
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãú Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Úóãóáõåõãú ãõæóÇÝöÞðÇ áöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ áöÚóÏóãö ÊóßúáöíÝöåöãú ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõãú æóáóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõãú¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó ÝöíåóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ¡ áöÃóäøó ÓóÈöíáó ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏóÉö áóåõãõ ÇáúãõÊóÏóÇæóáóÉõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ÈöÇÊøöÝóÇÞò ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÏóÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÓóÈöíáõ ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ æóÓóÈöíáõ ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ.
æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö áóíúÓó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÓóÈöíáðÇ áóåõãú¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóËøõ Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÉö ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÓóÈöíáðÇ áóåõãú áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÍóÇËøóÉð Úóáóì ãõÊóÇÈóÚóÊöåö¡ æóÇáÔøóÇÑöÚõ áóÇ íóÍõËøõ Úóáóì ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÃóÏöáøóÊöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó Úóãóáõåõãú Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö Ýóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö ÇáúãóäúÝöíøö ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó åá íãßä ÇÑÊÏÇÏ ÇáÃãÉ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇÑúÊöÏóÇÏö ÃõãøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Ýöí ÚóÕúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÕóÇÑö äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÊóÕóæøõÑö Ðóáößó ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚöåö ÓóãúÚðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõåõ áöÞóæúáöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÖóáóÇáóÉò¡ ÃõãøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö» " Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäú ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóÇáÖøóáóÇáö (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÍóÇáõ ÇÑúÊöÏóÇÏöåöãú áóíúÓó åõãú ãöäú ÃõãøóÊöåö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáóÉð áóåõãú.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃõãøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏò áóÇ íóÕúÏõÞõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÑúÊóÏøóÊö ÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ÕóÏóÞó Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: Åöäøó ÃõãøóÉó ãõÍóãøóÏò ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú Úóáóì ÇáÑøöÏøóÉö¡ æóÇáÑøöÏøóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóØóÃö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
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(1) Ýöí ÕóÍöíÍö ãõÓúáöãò Úóäú ÃóäóÓò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö: Çááøóåõ Çááøóåõ ". æóÝöí ÑöæóÇíóÉò: áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏò íóÞõæáõ: Çááøóåõ Çááøóåõ. ÝóÙóÇåöÑõ åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóãóÇ ÃóÔúÈóåóåõ íõÚóÇÑöÖõ Úõãõæãó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÓúÊõÏöáøó ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýöí ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåóÇ Ýöí Ãóíøö ÚóÕúÑò Åöáóì Ãóäú ÊóÞõæãó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉõ.
æóáóßöäøó äõÕõæÕó ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö áóÇ ÊóÊóäóÇÞóÖõ¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÊóÎúÕöíÕö Úõãõæãö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãö æóäóÍúæöåö ãöãøóÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÓøóÇÚóÉó áóÇ ÊóÞõæãõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÔöÑóÇÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóÍóÏöíËõ ÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞóÈúÖö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö¡ æóíõÑúÔöÏõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËõ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÚóãúÑòæ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóÝöíåö Ãóäøó Çááøóåó íóÈúÚóËõ ÑöíÍðÇ áóíøöäóÉð ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ÊóÞúÈöÖõ ÑõæÍó ßõáøö ãõÄúãöäò¡ Ëõãøó áóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÑöÏøóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö.(1/280)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó åá ÇáÊãÓß ÈÃÞá ãÇ Þíá áíÓ ÊãÓßÇ ÈÇáÅÌãÇÚ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁõ Ýöí ÏöíóÉö ÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö¡ Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ ãöËúáõ ÏöíóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøöÕúÝö ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáËøõáõËö.
Ýóãóäú ÍóÕóÑóåóÇ Ýöí ÇáËøõáõËö ßóÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö ÑóÍúãóÉõ Çááøóåö Úóáóíúåö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóãóÓøößñ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Èóáö ÇáúÍóÕúÑõ Ýöí ÇáËøõáõËö ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáËøõáõËö æóäóÝúíö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáËøõáõËö ãõÌúãóÚñ Úóáóíúåö æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ äóÝúíõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÌúãóÚò Úóáóíúåö ; áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö¡ Èóáú äóÝúíõåõ ÚöäúÏó ãóäú äóÝóì ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ ÅöãøóÇ Åöáóì ÙõåõæÑö Ïóáöíáò Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö ÈöäóÝúíöåö ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ãóÇäöÚò Ãóæú ÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØò Ãóæú ÚóÏóãö ÇáúãóÏóÇÑößö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏö Úóáóì ÇÓúÊöÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÔóíúÁò.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó åá íËÈÊ ÇáÅÌãÇÚ ÈÎÈÑ ÇáæÇÍÏ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ËõÈõæÊö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóÃóÌóÇÒóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÑóÍöãóåõ Çááøóåõ æóÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉõ¡ æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ßóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö ãóÚó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Çáúßõáøö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÙóäøöíøðÇ Ýöí ÓóäóÏöåö (1) æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóØúÚöíøðÇ Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö.
æóÍõÌøóÉõ ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÌóæóÇÒöåö ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «äóÍúäõ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó» "¡ ÐóßóÑó (ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó) ÈöÇáúÃóáöÝö æóÇááøóÇãö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÛúÑöÞóÉö ÝóÏóÎóáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáËøóÇÈöÊõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áößóæúäöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ÙóäøöíøðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõÝöíÏñ áöáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð ßóÎóÈóÑöåö Úóäú äóÕøö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö.
æóÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúãóÇäöÚöíäó ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ßóæúäó (2) ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÃóÕúáðÇ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö ßóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóãú íóÑöÏú ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö
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(1) áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÙóäøöíøðÇ Ýöí ÓóäóÏöåö¡ Ãóíú: Ýöí ÐóÇÊöåö ÈöÞóØúÚö ÇáäøóÙóÑö Úóäö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÏú ÊóÍúÊóÝö Èöåö ÝóíõÝöíÏõ ãóÚóåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó.
(2) ßóáöãóÉõ ßóæúäò ÒóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó.(1/281)
Ýöíåö ÅöÌúãóÇÚñ ÞóÇØöÚñ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö æóáóÇ äóÕøó ÞóÇØöÚñ ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò Ãóæú ÓõäøóÉò æóãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÙøóæóÇåöÑö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÍúÊóÌøò ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (1) æóÅöäö ÇÍúÊõÌøó ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÏóÇÆöÑóÉñ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ßóæúäö Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö æóÚóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö¡ Ýóãóäö ÇÔúÊóÑóØó ÇáúÞóØúÚó ãóäóÚó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝöíÏðÇ Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóãóäú áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÚöäúÏóåõ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóÇáÙøõåõæÑõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áöáúãõÚúÊóÑöÖö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøö ÝöíåóÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó Íßã ÌóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÌúãóÚö Úóáóíúåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ æóÇáúÚöÔúÑõæäó
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÊóßúÝöíÑö ÌóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáúãõÌúãóÚö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÃóäúßóÑóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó ãóÚó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöäúßóÇÑó Íõßúãö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõæÌöÈñ áöáÊøóßúÝöíÑö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ßóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó ßóÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÍöáøö ÇáúÈóíúÚö æóÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÉö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÌóÇÍöÏõåõ ßóÇÝöÑñ áöãõÒóÇíóáóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö áóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóáóÇ (2) .
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(1) ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÊóíúäö íóÓúÊóÏöáøõ ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö¡ æóÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåóÇ¡ æóÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁõ ßõÊõÈöåöãú íõËúÈöÊõ Ðóáößó ßóÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáöåöãú ÈöÎóÈóÑö: " ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ". . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÎóÈóÑö: " Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÇáÓøóæóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãö ". . . ÅöáóÎú¡ æóÎóÈóÑö: " ãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÍóÓóäðÇ ". . . ÅöáóÎú. Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö.
(2) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÍöáøö ÚóÞúÏö ÈóíúÚò ÌõÒúÆöíøò¡ æóÕöÍøóÉö ÚóÞúÏö ÅöÌóÇÑóÉò ÌõÒúÆöíøò ãöäó ÇáúÚõÞõæÏö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóÍóáøõ äóÙóÑò æóÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò¡ ÝóÍõßúãõåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ßõÝúÑö ãõäúßöÑöåóÇ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Íöáøó ÚóÞúÏö ÇáúÈóíúÚö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó¡ æóÕöÍøóÉó ÚõÞõæÏö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÑóÉö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åöíó¡ ÝóÍõßúãõåõ ÈöÚóÏóãö ßõÝúÑö ãõäúßöÑö Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæö ãöãøóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö íóÞöíäðÇ¡ æóËóÈóÊó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.(1/282)
[ÎóÇÊöãóÉñ ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöíåö æóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ æåá ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏúíóÇäö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð]
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ÝöíãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöíåö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏúíóÇäö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ãóãú áóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÌúãóÚó Úóáóíúåö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝóÉð Úóáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóíúÁö íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ áöÊóæóÞøõÝö ÕöÍøóÉö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ.
æóÐóáößó ßóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÕöÍøóÉö ÑöÓóÇáóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ æóÕöÍøóÉõ ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝóÉñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáÑøóÈøö ÇáúãõÑúÓöáö¡ æóßóæúäö ãõÍóãøóÏò ÑóÓõæáðÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝóÊú ãóÚúÑöÝóÉõ æõÌõæÏö ÇáÑøóÈøö æóÑöÓóÇáóÉö ÑóÓõæáöåö ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ßóÇäó ÏóæúÑðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöÓúãö ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÇáúãõÌúãóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö Ãóæö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö Ýóåõæó ÍõÌøóÉñ ãóÇäöÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÞóØúÚöíøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞõ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÞúáöíøðÇ ßóÑõÄúíóÉö ÇáÑøóÈøö áóÇ Ýöí ÌöåóÉò¡ æóäóÝúíö ÇáÔøóÑöíßö áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ Ãóæú ÔóÑúÚöíøðÇ ßóæõÌõæÈö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö æóÇáÒøóßóÇÉö æóäóÍúæöåö (1) .
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(1) áóãú íóÑöÏú Ýöí ÇáäøõÕõæÕö äöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáúÌöåóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö äóÝúíðÇ æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ¡ Ëõãøó åöíó ßóáöãóÉñ ãõÌúãóáóÉñ ÊóÍúÊóãöáõ ÍóÞøðÇ¡ æóÈóÇØöáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊóåóÇ áöáøóåö íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÝóæúÞó ÚöÈóÇÏöåö ãõÓúÊóæò Úóáóì ÚóÑúÔöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÞøñ¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íõÑóÇÏó Èöåö Ãóäøóåõ íõÍöíØõ Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ. æóäóÝúíõåóÇ Úóäö Çááøóåö íóÍúÊóãöáõ äóÝúíó Úõáõæøöåö Úóáóì ÎóáúÞöåö æóÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåö Úóáóì ÚóÑúÔöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ. æóíóÍúÊóãöáõ ÊóäúÒöíåóåõ Úóäú Ãóäú íõÍöíØó Èöåö ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú ÎóáúÞöåö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÍóÞøñ. æóÅöÐóäú áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ äöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáúÌöåóÉö Åöáóì Çááøóåö äóÝúíðÇ æóáóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ áöÚóÏóãö æõÑõæÏöåóÇ æóáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáöåóÇ ÇáúÍóÞøó æóÇáúÈóÇØöáó. Ëõãøó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö ÈöÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÊõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöÃóäøó ÑõÄúíóÉó Çááøóåö æóÊóäúÒöíåóåõ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÑöíßö æóäóÍúæóåõãóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ áóÇ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóåóÐöåö ØóÑöíÞóÉõ ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÎóØóÇÈöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÈõÑúåóÇäöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÊóßúÝöí áöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøóÉö¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ßöÊóÇÈðÇ æóÓõäøóÉð ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁö¡ æóÈóÚúÏó ËõÈõæÊö ÃóÕúáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøó äõÕõæÕó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ßóãóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÖóÇíóÇ ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ ÌóÇÁóÊú ÈöÊóÞúÑöíÑö ÇáúÍóÞøö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÈöÃóæúÖóÍö ÍõÌøóÉò æóÃóÞúæóì ÈõÑúåóÇäò¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóÌöÆú Úóáóì ÃõÓúáõæÈö ÇáÕøöäóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãóäúØöÞöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøóÝóÉö¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÃõÓúáõæÈö ãóäú äóÒóáó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÈöáõÛóÊöåöãú ÃóÝúÕóÍó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉò¡ æóÃóÚúáóì ÈóíóÇäò¡ æóÃóÞúÑóÈó ØóÑöíÞò Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö¡ æóÃóíúÓóÑóåõ áöÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóãóäú ÊóÊóÈøóÚó ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÈóÚúËö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö¡ æóÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÃó ÇáÓøõäøóÉó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÎóØóÃõ ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáøóÐöíäó æóÕóãõæÇ ÑóÈøóåõãú æóßöÊóÇÈóåõ æóäóÈöíøóåõ æóÓõäøóÊóåõ¡ ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏõæøò áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó íõÑöíÏõ ÇáúßóíúÏó áóåõãú Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö Ïöíäöåöãú æóãóÕóÇÏöÑö ÊóÔúÑöíÚöåöãúº áöíóÑõÏøõæåõãú ÈöÐóáößó Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÒúÚõãõåõ ÃõÕõæáðÇ ÚóÞúáöíøóÉð¡ æóÛóÇáöÈõåóÇ Ôõßõæßñ æóãóÌóÇÒóÇÊñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ ÔóíúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÍóÞøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÌóÇÁó Èöåö ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ¡ ÝóÇááøóåõãøó ÇÛúäöäóÇ ÈößöÊóÇÈößó æóÓõäøóÉö äóÈöíøößó Úóäú ãóæóÇÑöÏö Çáúæóåúãö æóãóÒóÇáöÞö ÇáÖøóáóÇáö¡ æóÕóáøóì Çááøóåõ ãõÍóãøóÏò æóÓóáøóãó.(1/283)
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÌúãóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ ßóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõ ãöäó ÇáúÂÑóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÑúÈö æóÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúÌõíõæÔö æóÊóÏúÈöíÑö ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÑøóÚöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö Þóæúáõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÈöÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÊóÇÑóÉð ÈöÇáúÌóæóÇÒö¡ æóÊóÇÈóÚóåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáóíúäö ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ áóÇÒöãóÉñ ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚõãõæãóÇÊö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚöÕúãóÉö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóæõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö ÚóÇãøóÉñ Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚõæÇ Úóáóíúåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÏúíóÇäö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ãóãú áóÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝó Ýöíåö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÅöËúÈóÇÊó Ðóáößó Ãóæú äóÝúíóåõ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁö Úóäúåõ áóãú íóÏõáøó Úóáóíúåö ÚóÞúáñ æóáóÇ äóÞúáñ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöäóÝúíöåö Ãóæú ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö ãõÊóÚóÐøöÑñ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÂÎöÑõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.(1/284)
[ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ]
[ÇáäøóæúÚõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö]
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÃóÞúÓóÇãöåö]
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ÝöíãóÇ íóÔúÊóÑößõ Ýöíåö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ æóÇáÓøõäøóÉõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ
æóåõæó äóæúÚóÇäöº íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáÓøóäóÏö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúãóÊúäö
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æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÊúäö¡ æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóÈúæóÇÈò
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ÃóãøóÇ ÍóÞöíÞóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóÇÚúáóãú ÃóæøóáðÇ Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÇÊö ÇáúÍóÇáöíøóÉö æóÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúãóÚúäóæöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: " ÚóíúäóÇßó ÊõÎúÈöÑõäöí ÈößóÐóǺ æóÇáúÛõÑóÇÈõ íõÎúÈöÑõ ÈößóÐóÇ ".
æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõ ÇáÔøóÇÚöÑö:
æóßóãú áöÙóáóÇãö Çááøóíúáö ÚöäúÏóßó ãöäú íóÏò ... ÊõÎóÈøöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÇäóæöíøóÉó ÊóßúÐöÈõ (1)
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì Þóæúáò ãóÎúÕõæÕò áóßöäøóåõ ãóÌóÇÒñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÏóáöíáö ÊóÈóÇÏõÑöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇÔúÊöåóÇÑõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö Ïõæäó ãóÌóÇÒöåö.
Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÇáúãóÎúÕõæÕõ ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöíÛóÉö ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÞóÇãó ÒóíúÏñ¡ æóÞóÚóÏó
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóíúÊõ áöÃóÈöí ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúãõÊóäóÈøöí ãöäú ÞóÕöíÏóÉò íóãúÏóÍõ ÈöåóÇ ßóÇÝõæÑó ÇáúÅöÎúÔöíÏöíøó ãóØúáóÚõåóÇ:
ÃõÛóÇáöÈõ ÇáÔøóæúÞó æóÇáÔøóæúÞõ ÃóÛúáóÈõ - æóÃóÚúÌóÈõ ãöäú ÐóÇ ÇáúåóÌúÑö æóÇáúæóÕúáõ ÃóÚúÌóÈõ
æóÇáúãóÇäóæöíøóÉõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãóÇäöí Èúäö ÝóÇÊößò ÇáËøóäóæöíøö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö ÈöÞöÏóãö ÇáäøõæÑö æóÇáÙøõáúãóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãóÇ ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúßóÇÆöäóÇÊö. ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÐúåóÈóåõãú Ýöí Çáúãöáóáö æóÇáäøöÍóáö áöáÔøóåúÑóÓúÊóÇäöíøö.(2/3)
ÚóãúÑñæ.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÞóÇÆöãö ÈöÇáäøóÝúÓö¡ ÇáúãõÚóÈøóÑö Úóäúåõ ÈöÇáÕøöíÛóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÇÊö.
æóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð Ýöí ÇáÕøöíÛóÉöº áöÊóÈóÇÏõÑöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö (1) æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð ÝóãóÇ ÍóÏøõåõ¿
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö: Ýóãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó: áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÊóÍúÏöíÏöåö¡ Èóáú ãóÚúäóÇåõ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö. æóÏõáøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÃóãúÑóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò íóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöãóÚúÏõæãò¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáÔøóíúÁó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ.
æóãõØúáóÞõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäú ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúßõáøö ãóæúÞõæÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÌõÒúÁö¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÊóÕóæøõÑõ ãóÇåöíøóÉö ãõØúáóÞö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóæúÞõæÝðÇ Úóáóì ÇáöÇßúÊöÓóÇÈö¡ áóßóÇäó ÊóÕóæøõÑõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÃóÍóÏò íóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóæúÖöÚó ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÓõäõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ (2) Úóäö ÇáúãóæúÖöÚö ÇáøóÐöí íóÍúÓõäõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÃóãúÑõ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍóÞóÇÆöÞó ãõÊóÕóæøóÑóÉñ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÖóÚöíÝñ.
ÃóãøóÇ Þóæúáõåõ: Åöäøóåõ ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÝóÏóÚúæóì ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉñ ÈöäóÞöíÖöåóÇ. æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó Ïóáöíáñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó Èöåö ÛóíúÑõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøòº áöÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó åõæó ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö Åöáóì äóÙóÑò æóÏóáöíáò íõæÕöáõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó äóÙóÑöíøñ áóÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö¡ áóÇ ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉöº áöÃóäøó ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö ãóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì äóæúÚö ÊóÐúßöíÑò æóÊóäúÈöíåò Úóáóì ãóÇ Úõáöãó Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö¡ Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú Þöíáó Ðóáößó áóÃóãúßóäó ÏóÚúæóì ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Ýöí ßõáøö Úöáúãò äóÙóÑöíøò. æóÃóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Ïõæäó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏò.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó Úöáúãó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÈöæõÌõæÏö äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ßóæúäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ ãóÚðÇ. ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ Úöáúãñ ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ ÈöäöÓúÈóÉò ÎóÇÕøóÉò¡
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóÏú íóäúÕóÑöÝõ Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò.
(2) íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÍóÐúÝðÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ æóíõãóíøöÒõåõ Úóäú¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ Öóãøóäó íóÚúáóãõ ãóÚúäóì íõãóíøöÒõ ÝóÚóÏøóÇåõ ÈöÚúäó.(2/4)
Ãóæú ÈöÓóáúÈö äöÓúÈóÉò ÎóÇÕøóÉò¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÚöáúãðÇ ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú Êöáúßó ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉõ ãóÚúáõæãóÉð ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÎóÈóÑðÇ Óöæóì Êöáúßó ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö Ýóåõæó (1) ÚóæúÏñ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö æóÊóÑúßñ áöãóÇ Þöíáó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÅöäøóǺ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ãóÚúáõæãóÉð ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãõØúáóÞõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÎóÈóÑñ ßóÐóáößó¡ Þóæúáõåõ: áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößóº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãõØúáóÞó ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóÚóãøõ ãõäúÍóÕöÑðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎóÕøö æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÃóÚóãøõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÍúÊóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåóÇ Ýöíåö Óöæóì ßóæúäöåö ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäö (2) ÇáúÃóÚóãøö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ Ýöíåö Ãóäøóåõ ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÇáúÃóäúæóÇÚö Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ÃóÎóÕøõ ãöäúåõ¡ Èóáú ÈöãóÚúäóì áöÍóÏøö Ãóäøó ÍóÏøó ÇáØøóÈöíÚóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÚóÑóÖó áóåóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ßõáøöíøóÉð ãõØúáóÞóÉð ãõØóÇÈöÞñ ØóÈóÇÆöÚó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÎóÇÕøóÉö ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ.
æóÃóãóÇ ËóÇäöíðÇ: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ßõáøõ ÚóÇãøò íóßõæäõ ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäú ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ æóãõÞóæøöãðÇ áóåõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö (3) Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÖö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉö Úóäú ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ ßóÇáúÃóÓúæóÏö æóÇáúÃóÈúíóÖö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÊóÍúÊóåõãóÇ ãöäú ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóÇáúÝóÑóÓö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóÈóÇØöáñ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æóÇÞöÚñ ÈöÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉö Èóíúäó ãóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ýöíåö ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóãóÇ íóÍúÓõäõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
äóÚóãúº ÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íóÚúáóãõ ÇáÊøóÝúÑöÞóÉó Èóíúäó ãóÇ íóÌöÏõåõ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÝöÚúáö æóÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Èóíúäó ÃóãúÑóíúäö Úóáóì æóÌúåò ÎóÇÕøò¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö. ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö Óöæóì Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÇáúÎóÇÕøö¡ Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÚóæúÏñ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈõ Þóæúáöåö: ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó æóÑóÏó áöáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÖóãøóäóÊúåõ ÌõãúáóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØöíøóÉö áóÇ ÊóÝúÑöíÚó ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
(2) ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäöåö¡ Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ: ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãóÚúäóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÃóÚóãøö ãõÔúÊóÑóßðÇ.
(3) áóÚóáøóåõ áöÌóæóÇÒö.(2/5)
ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ íõæÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÓúÊóÛúäöíðÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö ßóÇÓúÊöÛúäóÇÁö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõ ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö¡ ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÃóãúÑõ åõæó ØóáóÈõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúáóÇÁö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó æóÇÞöÚñ Ýöí ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö. æóÍóÞóÇÆöÞõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÇäúÞöÓóÇãöåóÇ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò æóäóåúíò¡ æóÎóÈóÑò æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇáúÞóæúáö Èößóæúäöåö ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ áößóæúäöåö ãóÈúäöíøðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÖúÚö æóÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÑóÈó áóæú ÃóØúáóÞõæÇ ÇÓúãó ÇáúÃóãúÑö Úóáóì ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÂäó¡ æóÇÓúãó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÃóãúÑöº áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÈóÏøóáõ æóíóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáöÇÕúØöáóÇÍóÇÊö ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÇáúÍóÏøö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøöåö¡ ÝóÞóÇáóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ ßóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö æóÇÈúäöåö æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö æóÛóíúÑöåöãú: Åöäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó åõæó ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÇáøóÐöí íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ. æóÞóÏú ÃõæÑöÏó Úóáóíúåö ÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊñ ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÞóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóãõÓóíúáöãóÉõ ÕóÇÏöÞóÇäö Ýöí ÏóÚúæóì ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÓóíúáöãóÉõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÍóãøóÏñ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ æóåõæó ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ßóÐóÈó Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÝóÞóÇáó: ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöí ßóÐöÈñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Þóæúáóåõ åóÐóÇ ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ.
æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö æóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÕóÏóÞó Ýöí Þóæúáöåö (ÌóãöíÚõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöí ßóÐöÈñ) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ Åöáóì íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÇáÏøóæúÑöº áöÃóäøó ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó åõæó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãõæóÇÝöÞõ áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö¡ æóÇáúßóÐöÈó ÈöÖöÏøöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Åöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó æóÇáúßóÐöÈó ãõÊóÞóÇÈöáóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò. æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÚó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÏõÎõæáö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöíåö¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞðÇ Ïõæäó ãóÇ Þöíáó Èößóæúäöåö ÍóÏøðÇ áóåõ æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõÍóÇáñ.(2/6)
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÈóÇÑöíó ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÏõÎõæáõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöíåö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ Úóäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö " ãõÍóãøóÏñ æóãõÓóíúáöãóÉõ ÕóÇÏöÞóÇäö " ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãó íõÝöíÏõ ÕöÏúÞó ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÇáö ÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóßóÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞñ ÍóÇáó ÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
æóáóæú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó Þóæúáõåõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: åõãóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞóÇäö æóåõæó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÚúäóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ãóÇ Þöíáó¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Èóáú Þóæúáõåõ: åõãóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞóÇäö ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ ÍóÇáó ÕöÏúÞö ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóÞóÈúáóåõ æóÈóÚúÏóåõ. æóÇáúÃóÚóãøõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÔúÚöÑò ÈöÇáúÃóÎóÕøö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ÇáúÃóÎóÕøö ßóÐöÈõ ÇáúÃóÚóãøö.
æóÃóÌóÇÈó ÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò ÈöÃóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÌóÇÑò ãóÌúÑóì ÎóÈóÑóíúäö ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÎóÈóÑñ ÈöÕöÏúÞö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÎóÈóÑñ ÈöÕöÏúÞö ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó.
æóÇáúÎóÈóÑóÇäö áóÇ íõæÕóÝóÇäö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóáóÇ ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó åóÇåõäóÇ.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íõæÕóÝõ ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÎóÈóÑñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÞøò ÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÒöáõ ãóäúÒöáóÉó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÍõßúãðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áöÔóÎúÕóíúäö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò ãöäú æóÕúÝöåö ÈöÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ßõáøõ ãóæúÌõæÏò ÍóÇÏöËñ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íõÝöíÏõ ÍõßúãðÇ æóÇÍöÏðÇ áöÃóÔúÎóÇÕò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò.
æóÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú ÞóæúáöäóÇ: " ãóÇ ÏóÎóáóåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ " Ãóäøó ÇááøõÛóÉó áóÇ ÊõÍóÑøöãõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöáúãõÊóßóáøöãö Èöåö: ÕóÏóÞúÊó Ãóæú ßóÐóÈúÊó. æóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÍóÇÕöáóåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÐöÈñº áöÃóäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÅöÖóÇÝóÊöåö ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ æóÞóÏú Þöíáó: ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÍóÇÕöáõ åóÐóÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕõæÑóÊõåõ ÕõæÑóÉó ÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑóíúäöº ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÕóÇÏöÞñ æóåõæó ÅöÖóÇÝóÉõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Åöáóì ãõÍóãøóÏò. æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ßóÇÐöÈñ æóåõæó ÅöÖóÇÝóÊõåõ Åöáóì ãõÓóíúáöãóÉó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõØóÇÈöÞò.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÕöÏúÞñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ áöÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÌóãúÚö Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÓøóáúÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö.(2/7)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÌóÇÈó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ãóÚúáõæãñ áóäóÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ áóãú äóÞúÕöÏú Èöåö ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáúÎóÈóÑöº Èóáú ÝóÕúáóåõ æóÊóãúíöíÒóåõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÚóÑøóÝóäóÇ ÇáÕøöÏúÞó æóÇáúßóÐöÈó ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÏóæúÑðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍòº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÊóãúíöíÒõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóÊóãúíöíÒõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö íõæÌöÈõ ÊóæóÞøõÝó ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ýöí ÊóãúíöíÒöåö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóåõæó Úóíúäõ ÇáÏøóæúÑö Èóáú áóæú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó æóÇáúßóÐöÈó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóãõãóíøöÒðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÏúÞó æóÇáúßóÐöÈó ãõÝúÊóÞöÑñ Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ Èóáö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ ãóÚúáõæãñ áóäóÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ áóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåö Åöäøó ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÌöäúÓõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóåõæó ÞóÇÈöáñ áöÏõÎõæáö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöíåö ßóÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóæóÇÏö æóÇáúÈóíóÇÖö Ýöí ÌöäúÓö Çááøóæúäö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò. ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÍóÏøó Ü æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöÌöäúÓö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ü ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÏøõ ãóæúÌõæÏðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÒöãó ãöäúåõ æõÌõæÏõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ïõæäó ÍóÏøö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÂÍóÇÏó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÔøóÎúÕöíøóÉö ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íóÌúÊóãöÚõ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäøó (ÇáúæóÇæó) æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÙóÇåöÑóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúãõØúáóÞö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÊøóÑúÏöíÏõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö ÊóÌóæøõÒðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÝóÞóÏú Þöíáó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåö ãöËúáõ ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ãóÇ Ýöíåö.
æóãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ãóÇ ÏóÎóáóåõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ Ãóæö ÇáúßóÐöÈõ¡ æóíóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇäö ÇáúÃóæøóáóÇäö ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÏøö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÎöíÑóíúäö (1)
æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ.
æóíóÑöÏõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÔúßóÇáñ ÂÎóÑõ ÎóÇÕøñ Èöåö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÏøó ãóÚúÑõæÝñ áöáúãóÍúÏõæÏö¡ æóÍóÑúÝõ (Ãóæú) áöáÊøóÑúÏöíÏö¡ æóåõæó ãõäóÇÝò áöáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö.
æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöí ÌóæóÇÈöåö: Åöäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö áöÃóÍóÏö åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚúíöíäò ÌóÇÒöãò áóÇ ÊóÑóÏøõÏó Ýöíåö æóåõæó ÇáúãóÃúÎõæÐõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍúÏöíÏö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÕóÇÝöåö ÈöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÚóíúäðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÏóÇÎöáò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏøö.
æóÞöíáó ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈõ. .
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(1) Ãóíú: áöÊóÚúÈöíÑöåö ÈöÜ " Ãóæú " ÈóÏóáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúæóÇæö.(2/8)
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: åõæó ãóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞõ æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈõ¡ æóíóÑõÏøõ ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ ÊóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö æóÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÇáúãõÊóæóÞøöÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ÇáúãõÊóæóÞøöÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáÊøóÑúÏöíÏö. æóÞóÏú ÚõÑöÝó ãóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ßóáóÇãñ íõÝöíÏõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÅöÖóÇÝóÉó ÃóãúÑò Åöáóì ÃóãúÑò äóÝúíðÇ Ãóæú ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ.
æóÇÍúÊõÑöÒó ÈöÞóæúáöåö (ÈöäóÝúÓöåö) Úóäö ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ßóæúäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáúãóÃúãõæÑö Èöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ áóßöäú áóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ Èóáú ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏúÚóÇåõ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÝöÚúáö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÑö ãöäó ÇáúÍóßöíãö¡ æóåõæó ãõäúÊóÞóÖñ ÈöÇáäøöÓóÈö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏöíøóÉö ßóÞóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö: ÍóíóæóÇäñ äóÇØöÞñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÇáäøõØúÞö áöáúÍóíóæóÇäö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÎóÈóÑò.
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó Ðóáößó áóíúÓó ÈößóáóÇãò. æóäóÍúäõ. ÝóÞóÏú ÞóíøóÏúäóÇ ÇáúÍóÏøó ÈöÇáúßóáóÇãö. ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ãöäúåõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÝóÅöäøó (1) ÍóÏøó ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÈöãóÇ ÇäúÊóÙóãó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÑõæÝö ÇáúãóÓúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúãõãóíøóÒóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑò ÞóíúÏñ ÂÎóÑõ.
æóÍóÏøõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Úóáóì ÃóÕúáöåö ßóáóÇãðÇ.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ýöíåö Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇáøö ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö Úóáóì äöÓúÈóÉö ãóÚúáõæãò Åöáóì ãóÚúáõæãò Ãóæú ÓóáúÈöåóÇ Úóáóì æóÌúåò íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ÊóãóÇãò ãóÚó ÞóÕúÏö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö Èöåö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Ãóæú ÓóáúÈöåóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÞóæúáõäóÇ (ÇááøóÝúÙö) Ýóåõæó ßóÇáúÌöäúÓö áöáúÎóÈóÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäú ÃóÞúÓóÇãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÍúÊóÑóÒó Èöåö Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøö ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÇáÏøóÇáøö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö Çáúãõåúãóáö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÈöÇáúæóÖúÚö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇáøö ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (Úóáóì äöÓúÈóÉò) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÃóÓúãóÇÁö ÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö¡ æóÚóäú ßõáøö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÏóáóÇáóÉñ Úóáóì äöÓúÈóÉò.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ãóÚúáõæãò Åöáóì ãóÚúáõæãò) ÍóÊøóì íóÏúÎõáó Ýöíåö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ æóÇáúãóÚúÏõæãõ.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÓóáúÈðÇ Ãóæú ÅöíÌóÇÈðÇ) ÍóÊøóì íóÚõãøó " ãóÇ " ãöËúáõ ÞóæúáöäóÇ: ÒóíúÏñ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (íóÍúÓõäõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ÅöÊúãóÇãò) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓóÈö ÇáÊøóÞúíöíÏöíøóÉö.
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(1) " ÝóÅöäøó " ÕóæóÇÈõåõ " ÝóÅöäøóåõ.(2/9)
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ (ãóÚó ÞóÕúÏö ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãö Èöåö ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Ãóæú ÓóáúÈöåóÇ) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÕöíÛóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏóÊú. æóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÎóÈóÑðÇ¡ ßóÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáÓøóÇåöí æóÇáúÍóÇßöí áóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑö ãóÌóÇÒðÇ ßóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇáúÌõÑõæÍó ÞöÕóÇÕñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: {æóÇáúæóÇáöÏóÇÊõ íõÑúÖöÚúäó ÃóæúáóÇÏóåõäøó} ¡ {æóÇáúãõØóáøóÞóÇÊõ íóÊóÑóÈøóÕúäó} ¡ {æóãóäú ÏóÎóáóåõ ßóÇäó ÂãöäðÇ} æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÈöåóÇ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉó Úóáóì ÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö æóáóÇ ÓóáúÈóåóÇ.
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÏöÞò æóßóÇÐöÈò]
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ýóåõæó íóäúÞóÓöãõ ËóáóÇËó ÞöÓóãò:
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÏöÞò æóßóÇÐöÈòº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö Èöåö (1) Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõØóÇÈöÞò ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ÇáúßóÇÐöÈõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÌóÇÍöÙõ: ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ íóäúÞóÓöãõ ËóáóÇËóÉó ÃóÞúÓóÇãò: ÕóÇÏöÞñ¡ æóßóÇÐöÈñ¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÇÏöÞò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇÐöÈò. æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÍößóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóäö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Þóæúáóåõãú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ {ÃóÝúÊóÑóì Úóáóì Çááøóåö ßóÐöÈðÇ Ãóãú Èöåö ÌöäøóÉñ} ÍóÕóÑõæÇ ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó Ýöí ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÌöäøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÍóÇáóÉó Ìõäõæäöåö ßóÐöÈðÇ áöÃóäøóåõãú ÌóÚóáõæåóÇ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóáóÇ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæÇ ÕöÏúÞóåõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò. ÝóÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÍóÇáóÉó ÌöäøóÉò áóíúÓó ÈöÕöÏúÞò æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ åõæó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãõØóÇÈöÞó áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö.
ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ÒóíúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõæóÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúãóÏúÍó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö. æóáóÇ íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðÇ áöãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑöåö áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö. æóßóÐóáößó áóíúÓó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ åõæó ÚóÏóãõ ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö áöæóÌúåóíúäöº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúßóÐöÈõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö Çááøóåö (ÊóÚóÇáóì) ÈöÊóÎúÕöíÕö Úõãõæãö ÎóÈóÑöåö æóÊóÞúíöíÏö ãõØúáóÞöåö áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãõÎúÈöÑñ Ãóäøó ÒóíúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ßóæúäöåö ÝöíåóÇ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ¡
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(1) Èöåö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÅöÈúÏóÇáõåóÇ ÈößóáöãóÉö Úóäúåõ.(2/10)
ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðǺ æóáóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáÐøóãøó Úóáóì Ðóáößó. æóáóÇ íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ãõØóÇÈóÞóÉö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞõ ãóÇ ØóÇÈóÞó ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑó ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐóáößó. æóÇáúßóÐöÈõ ãóÇ áóãú íõØóÇÈöÞö ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑó ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøóåõ ßóÐóáößó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóÝúÑöÖó Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æóÇÓöØóÉð Èóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ÚöáúãðÇ Ãóæú ÌóåúáðÇ¡ áóÇ íõæÕóÝõ Èößóæúäöåö ÚöáúãðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóåúáðÇ ãõÑóßøóÈðÇ¡ ßóÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÇáúãõÞóáøöÏö æõÌõæÏó ÇáúÅöáóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõÝúÑóÖó Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö æóÇáúßóÇÐöÈö ÎóÈóÑñ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÇÏöÞò æóáóÇ ßóÇÐöÈò.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÍóÕóÑõæÇ ÃóãúÑóåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÌöäøóÉöº áöÃóäøó ÞóÕúÏó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Èöåö Úóáóì ãóÏúáõæáöåö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÌúäõæäõ áóíúÓó áóåõ ÞóÕúÏñ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóÕóÇÑó ßóÇáäøóÇÆöãö æóÇáÓøóÇåöí¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÕóÏóÑóÊú ãöäúåõ ÕöíÛóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæÇ ÕöÏúÞóåõ áóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÇ ÃóÊóì Èöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÕõæÑóÊõåõ ÕõæÑóÉó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóáóíúÓó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöíåö æóáóÇ ßóÇÐöÈðǺ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäú ßóæúäö ÒóíúÏò Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÝöíåóÇ æóåõæó ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáúãóÏúÍó Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÃóäøó ÒóíúÏðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÑö¡ Úóáóì ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ßóæúäöåö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÝöíåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöÞøõ ÇáÐøóãøó Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÏúÍó æóÇáÐøóãøó áóíúÓó Úóáóì äóÝúÓö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö áóÇ ÛóíúÑõ¡ Èóáú Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ãóÚó ÞóÕúÏöåö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö ãóÚó ÞóÕúÏöåöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ÍóÇßöãóÉñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÇáøóÐöí Úõáöãó ãöäúåõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÈõØúáóÇäö ÑöÓóÇáóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ ÈöÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ãõØóÇÈöÞðÇ áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ áöÐóáößó æóáóÇ ÞóÇÕöÏðÇ áöáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóÍóÇßöãóÉñ ÈößóÐöÈöåö Ýöí ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÑóÓõæáò¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ áöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÛóíúÑó ãõØóÇÈöÞò áöáúãõÎúÈóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ Úõãõæãö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÊóÞúíöíÏõ ãõØúáóÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõæãö æóÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÕúÑõæÝñ Úóäú ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö Åöáóì ãóÌóÇÒöåö¡ æóÕóÑúÝõ ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóäú ÃóÍóÏö ãóÏúáõæáóíúåö Åöáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßóÉö Ãóæú(2/11)
ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøóÉö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÔúÊóÑóßò æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖó ãóÏúáõæáóÇÊöåö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö. ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÚóíúäðÇ) æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÚóíúäó ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉó Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÇÕöÑóÉö¡ æóÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöáóÝúÙò åõæó ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò æóãóÌóÇÒñ Ýöí ÔóíúÁò¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏó ÌöåóÉó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒö Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉöº ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÚóÏøõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: (ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÓóÏðÇ) æóÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúãóÍúãóáó ÇáúãóÌóÇÒöíøó Ïõæäó ÇáúÍóÞöíÞöíøö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäõ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇäúÞöÓóÇãö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö Åöáóì Úöáúãò æóÌóåúáò ãõÑóßøóÈò¡ æóÍóÇáóÉò ãõÊóæóÓøöØóÉò áóíúÓóÊú ÚöáúãðÇ æóáóÇ ÌóåúáðÇ ãõÑóßøóÈðÇ¡ ÇäúÞöÓóÇãõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Åöáóì ÕöÏúÞò æóßóÐöÈò¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÕöÏúÞò æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈò¡ ÅöÐú åõæó ÞöíóÇÓñ ÊóãúËöíáöíøñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÌóÇãöÚò¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßóÇÝöíðÇ¡ áóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö æóÇÓöØóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóÇáäøöÒóÇÚõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö áóÝúÙöíøñ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÎóÕúãóíúäö íõØúáöÞõ ÇÓúãó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõØúáöÞõåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÔóÑúØò ÒóÇÆöÏò.
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ßóÐöÈõåõ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈõåõ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ:
Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈõåõ.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ Ýóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ßóÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ áóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ Èóáú ÈöÏóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ¡ ßóÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÎóÈóÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈóÑõ Èöåö Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÎóÈóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÎóÈóÑö ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäúåõ Ãóæú ÑóÓõæáõåõ Ãóæú Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞñ¡ æóÎóÈóÑõ ãóäú æóÇÝóÞó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Ãóæú Ïóáöíáó ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ æóÑóÇÁó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÇÏøõÚöíó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÚúáõæãõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóÝöíåö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝñ æóÊóÝúÕöíáñ íóÃúÊöí ÐößúÑõåõ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ ÝóãóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáö Ãóæö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÍöÓøö Ãóæú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ãóæö ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÕóÑøóÍó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÇáøóÐöíäó áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÊóæóÇØõÄõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÈöÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóãöäú Ðóáößó Þóæúáõ ãóäú áóãú íóßúÐöÈú ÞóØøõ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö " ÃóäóÇ ßóÇÐöÈñ " ÝóÎóÈóÑõåõ Ðóáößó ßóÇÐöÈñº áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑó Úóäúåõ áóíúÓó åõæó äóÝúÓó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑöº áöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÛóíúÑó ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ ÊõæÕóÝõ ÈöÕöÏúÞò æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈò Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö. æóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÎóÈóÑõåõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ßóÇÐöÈñ ÝöíåóÇ íóßõæäõ(2/12)
ßóÐöÈðÇ. æóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑò Þöíáó ÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÚúáõæãóÉõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó åóÐóÇ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íõÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ Ýóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõÙóäøõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ ßóßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöÚö æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÇÊö ãöãøóäú åõæó ãóÔúåõæÑñ ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáÕøöÏúÞö. æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõÙóäøõ ßóÐöÈõåõ ßóÎóÈóÑö ãóäö ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóãöäúåõ ãóÇ åõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÙúäõæäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóáóÇ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ Èóáú ãóÔúßõæßñ Ýöíåö¡ ßóÎóÈóÑö ãóäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú ÍóÇáõåõ æóáóãú íóÔúÊóåöÑú ÃóãúÑõåõ ÈöÕöÏúÞò æóáóÇ ßóÐöÈò.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ßõáøõ ÎóÈóÑò áóãú íóÞõãö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ Ýóåõæó ßóÇÐöÈñº áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ áóãóÇ ÃóÎúáóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú äóÕúÈö Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãõÊóÍóÏøöíó ÈöÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑú Úóáóì íóÏöåö ãõÚúÌöÒóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÞúØóÚõ ÈößóÐöÈöåö¡ ÞõáúäóÇ: ÌóæóÇÈõåõ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó ÇáúÎõáõæøö ãöäú äóÕúÈö Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö. æóãóäú ÃóæúÌóÈó Ðóáößó ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÈóäóÇåõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáÕøóáóÇÍö Ãóæö ÇáúÃóÕúáóÍö æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ãõÞóÇÈóáñ ÈöãöËúáöåö¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: æóáóæú ßóÇäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ áóãóÇ ÃóÎúáóÇäóÇ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóäú äóÕúÈö Ïóáöíáò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöãøóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ãóäú íõÞúØóÚó ÈößóÐöÈö ßõáøö ÔóÇåöÏò áóãú íóÞõãö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóßõÝúÑö ßõáøö ãõÓúáöãò æóÝöÓúÞöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú Ïóáöíáñ ÞóÇØöÚñ Úóáóì ÅöíãóÇäöåö æóÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÊóÍóÏøöí ÈöÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÙúåóÑö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóØóÚúäóÇ ÈößóÐöÈöåö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áóÇ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉó Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊóÞúÖöí ÈößóÐöÈö ãóäú íóÏøóÚöí ãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Ïóáöíáò æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÉöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÎóÇáöÝò áöáúÚóÇÏóÉö.
[ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò æóÂÍóÇÏò]
ÇáúÞöÓúãóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóäúÞóÓöãõ Åöáóì ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò æóÂÍóÇÏò¡ æóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú åóÐóíúäö ÇáúÞöÓúãóíúäö åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ÇáúÃóÚúÙóãó ãöäú åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóæúÚö¡ æóÌóÈó ÑóÓúãõ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ æóÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáËøóÇáöËö Ýöí ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.(2/13)
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö]
[ãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö]
ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö
æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÉò æóãóÓóÇÆöáó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ ÝóÝöí ÈóíóÇäö ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ ÝóÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÊóÊóÇÈõÚö ÃóÔúíóÇÁó æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãõåúáóÉñ. æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Ëõãøó ÃóÑúÓóáúäóÇ ÑõÓõáóäóÇ ÊóÊúÑóì} Ãóíú: æóÇÍöÏðÇ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò ÈöãõåúáóÉò.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÈóáóÛõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö Åöáóì ÍóíúËõ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú.
æóåõæó ÛóáóØñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÍóÏøõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ áóÇ ÍóÏøõ äóÝúÓö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÝóÑúÞñ Èóíúäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö. æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÑøöÚóÉöº ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÊóÊóÇÈõÚö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãõÝöíÏò (1) áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ: Åöäøóåõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúãõÝöíÏõ áöáúÚöáúãö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøö ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö¡ ãóÇäöÚñ áöÏõÎõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Ýöíåö.
ßóíúÝó æóÝöíåö ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó ÅöáóíúåóÇ¡ æóåöíó Þóæúáõåõ: (ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøö) ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ßóÇÝò Úóäö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÇáúÍóÞøõ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑó Ýöí ÇÕúØöáóÇÍö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÑøöÚóÉö ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãõÝöíÏò ÈöäóÝúÓöåö áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö.
ÝóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÎóÈóÑö) ßóÇáúÌöäúÓö áöáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö æóÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÌóãóÇÚóÉò) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ãõÝöíÏò áöáúÚöáúãö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÈöäóÝúÓöåö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò æóÇÝóÞó Ïóáöíáó ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ Ãóæú Ïóáøó Þóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóÞóæúáõäóÇ: (ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö) ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒñ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÃóÝóÇÏó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú áóÇ (ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö) ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÓóãøóì ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ¡ æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ÈóíóÇäö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóåöíó ÓöÊøõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
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(1) " ãõÝöíÏò " ÕóæóÇÈõåõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ ÈöÇáäøóÕúÈö Úóáóì ÇáúÍóÇáöº ÅöÐú áóÇ íóÕúáõÍú ÕöÝóÉð áöáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóáóÇ áöÜ " ÊóÊóÇÈõÚö " áöáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö æóÇáÊøóäúßöíÑö.(2/14)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúÚöáúãö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÊøóÝóÞó Çáúßõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÓøõãóäöíøóÉö (1) æóÇáúÈóÑóÇåöãóÉõ (2) Ýöí Þóæúáöåöãú: áóÇ Úöáúãó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóæóÇÓøö Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÌöÏõåõ ßõáøõ ÚóÇÞöáò ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö ÈöÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÆöíóÉö¡ æóÇáúÃõãóãö ÇáÓøóÇáöÝóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞõÑõæäö ÇáúÎóÇáöíóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõáõæßö¡ æóÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ æóÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÝõÖóáóÇÁö ÇáúãóÔúåõæÑöíäó æóÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö Èóíúäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÇáúãóÇÖöíäó¡ ÈöãóÇ íóÑöÏõ ÚóáóíúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÍóÓóÈó æöÌúÏóÇäöäóÇ ßóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö ÚöäúÏó ÅöÏúÑóÇßöäóÇ áóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÍóæóÇÓøö. æóãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÓóÞóØóÊú ãõßóÇáóãóÊõåõ¡ æóÙóåóÑó Ìõäõæäõåõ Ãóæú ãõÌóÇÍóÏóÊõåõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÝóÑúÚõ ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö æóÇáúÌóãøö ÇáúÛóÝöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÃóãúÒöÌóÉö æóÇáúÂÑóÇÁö æóÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö æóÞóÕúÏö ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ Ãóåúáö ÈóáóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö Úóáóì ÍõÈøö ØóÚóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ æóÍõÈøö ÇáúÎóíúÑö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÑøö.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÊóÕóæøõÑó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÔóíúÁò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö ßóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ.
Ýóáóæö ÇãúÊóäóÚó Ðóáößó Úóáóíúåö ÍóÇáóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö áóÇäúÞóáóÈó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÌóÇÆöÒó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö æóÇÞöÚðÇ.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ËóÈóÊó áöáúÂÍóÇÏö íóßõæäõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ áöáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÃóãúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÓöÊøóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú ÊõÎúÈöÑó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÈöãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ áóÌóÇÒó Úóáóì ãöËúáöåöãõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈöäóÞöíÖö ÎóÈóÑöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáúÃóæøóáõæäó ÈöÃóäøó ÒóíúÏðÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí æóÞúÊö ßóÐóÇ ãóíøöÊðÇ¡ æóäóÞóáó ÇáúÂÎóÑõæäó ÍóíóÇÊóåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÞúÊö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö¡ áóÒöãó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö ÈöãóæúÊöåö æóÍóíóÇÊöåö Ýöí æóÞúÊò æóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÅöäú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóæúáóæöíøóÉó ãóÚó ÝóÑúÖö ÊóÓóÇæöí ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Ýöí ÇáúßóãøöíøóÉö æóÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö.
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(1) ÇáÓøõãóäöíøóÉõ ßóÚõÑóäöíøóÉò Þóæúãñ ÈöÇáúåöäúÏö ÏóåúÑöíøõæäó ÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáÊøóäóÇÓõÎö - ÇáúÞóÇãõæÓó ÇáúãõÍöíØó.
(2) ÇáúÈóÑóÇåöãóÉõ - ÇäúÙõÑú áöáÊøóÚúáöíÞö Õ 80 Ì 1.(2/15)
ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúßóËöíÑóÉö áóÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ íóäúÞõáõåõ ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Úóäú ãõæÓóì¡ æóÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì Úóäú ÚöíÓóì¡ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúãõßóÐøöÈóÉö áöÑöÓóÇáóÉö äóÈöíøöäóÇ¡ ÇáøóÊöí ÏóáøóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÝöíåóÇ æóæõÌõæÈö ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ Úöáúãóíúäö ãõÊóäóÇÞöÖóíúäö ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ áóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó Ýöí äõÈõæøóÉö äóÈöíøöäóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ áöÃóäøó ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö áóÇ íõÎóÇáóÝõº æóÍóíúËõ æóÞóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó (1)
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ áóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ Èóíúäó ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÈóÚúÖö Çáúãõáõæßö¡ æóÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö æóÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ÇáÖøöÏøóíúäö¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÌöÓúãó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí Âäò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí ãóßóÇäóíúäöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö áóÇ ÊóÎúÊóáöÝõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì æóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí Óõßõæäö ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÅöáóíúåöãóÇ.
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö ÈöãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÌóÇÒöãö ÈöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÔóÇåóÏúäóÇåõ ÈöÇáúÃóãúÓö ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóÝúáóÇßö ÇáÏøóÇÆöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúßóæóÇßöÈö ÇáÓøóíøóÇÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌöÈóÇáö ÇáÔøóÇãöÎóÉö¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÇáøóÐöí äõÔóÇåöÏõåõ Çáúíóæúãó ãóÚó ÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÃóÚúÏóãó Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÇ äõÔóÇåöÏõåõ ÇáúÂäó ÞóÏú ÎóáóÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ãöËóÇáöåö ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú åóÐóÇ íóÞöíäöíøðÇ ÝóãóÇ áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÒúãö æóÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÃóíúÖðÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ íóÞöíäöíøðÇ.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúäóÇßõãú Ýöíåö áöÃóäøó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó áóÇ íõÎóÇáóÝõ: æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáö æóÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇáõ: Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÊóÔúßöíßñ Úóáóì ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ: ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåõ ÈöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÊóÕóæøõÑö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóáöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ËóÇÈöÊðÇ áöáúÌõãúáóÉö æóÌóÇÆöÒðÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ. æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ãóÚúáõæãóÇÊö Çááøóåö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ãõÊóäóÇåò¡ æóÌõãúáóÉõ ãóÚúáõæãóÇÊöåö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóäóÇåöíóÉò.
æóßóÐóáößó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö
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(1) íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ÈöÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãóÉóº ÅöÐú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÎóÇáöÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ ãõßóÇÈóÑóÉð æóÚöäóÇÏðÇ. ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉó ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑó áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøó¡ áóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÚöáúãö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÃóÎóÕøó ãöäó ÇáÏøóÚúæóì.(2/16)
ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ æóÇáúÌõãúáóÉõ áóíúÓóÊú ÌõÒúÁðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö.
æóßóÐóáößó ßõáøõ áóÈöäóÉò Ãóæú ÎóÔóÈóÉò ÏóÇÎöáóÉò Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáÏøóÇÑö æóåöíó ÌõÒúÁñ ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ÏóÇÑðÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÌúÊóãöÚõ ãöäó Çáúßõáøö ÏóÇÑñ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÔóÑóÉõ ãõÑóßøóÈóÉñ ãöäú ÎóãúÓóÉò æóÎóãúÓóÉò¡ æóßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÎóãúÓóÊóíúäö áóíúÓóÊú ÚóÔóÑóÉð¡ æóÇáúãóÌúãõæÚõ ãöäúåõãóÇ ÚóÔóÑóÉñ æóäóÍúæõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÝóÑúÖñ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóåúãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÌóãúÚñ ÈöãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ãöËúáöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúßóãøöíøóÉö æóÇáúßóíúÝöíøóÉö æóÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö ÈöãóÇ íõäóÇÞöÖõ Ðóáößó.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ßõáøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉòº æóÅöäøó ÎóÈóÑó ßõáøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÊóæóÇÊõÑñ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößóº æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóÚúæóÇäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎóÈóÑõ ßõáøö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãõÍóÕøöáðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍòº áöÃóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö æóÇáúãõÔóÇåóÏóÇÊö¡ æóÇáäøõÈõæøóÉõ Íõßúãñ¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó áóãú íóËúÈõÊú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (1) ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äóÏøóÚöí Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÊóæóÇÊõÑò íóÌöÈõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö ãõØúáóÞðÇ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò áöÊóÝóÇæõÊö
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(1) ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÕöáõ ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãõÍóãøóÏò Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóäúæóÇÚñ: ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåö Úóäú äóÝúÓöåö Ãóäøóåõ äóÈöíøñ æóÏóÚóæúÊõåõ ÇáäøóÇÓó áöÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö æóÇáúÅöíãóÇäö Èöåö¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ äõÞöáó ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ãóÇ ÔõæåöÏó Ãóæú äõÞöáó ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÇÏøóÚóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÝöíåöãóÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ Úóäú ãõÍóÓøóÇÊò æóãõÔóÇåóÏóÇÊò¡ æóåöíó ÃóÞúæóì äóÞúáðÇ æóÂßóÏõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ áöÕõÏõæÑö ãóÇ ÊóÖóãøóäóÊúåõ Úóäúåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóäóÓóÈóÊúåõ Åöáóíúåö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóäö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÆöíóÉö¡ æóÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö æóÇáúãõáõæßö æóÇáúæõÌóåóÇÁö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÕõæÑö ÇáúãóÇÖöíóÉö¡ æóãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö Úóáöíøò æóßóÑóãö ÍóÇÊöãò æóäóÍúæöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáøóÊöí íõÖúÑóÈõ ÈöåóÇ ÇáúãóËóáõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝóÇÖóÉö æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó Ðóáößó Ýóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ ãóÌúäõæäñ Ãóæú ãõßóÇÈöÑñ áóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ãõäóÇÙóÑóÊõåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ ÝóíóßúÝöí ÈóÚúÖõ ãóÇ äõÞöáó ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö íóÞöíäðÇ¡ æóáóæú ÈöØúÑöíÞö ÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÞóÇãóÊú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ Çááøóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú æóáóÇ ÓóÞóØóÊú Èöåö ãóÚóÇÐöíÑõåõ æóáóÇ ÇÓúÊõÈöíÍóÊú Èöåö ÏöãóÇÁõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó æóÃóãúæóÇáõåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó ËóæóÇÈñ æóáóÇ ÚöÞóÇÈñ. æóÐóáößó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöäõÕõæÕö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúÞóæúáöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóãóáöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÝöíÖóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóäúßóÑó ÑöÓóÇáóÊóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ãõÔóÇåóÏóÉö ÇáúÂíóÇÊö Ãóæö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÅöãøóÇ ãóÌúäõæäñ Ãóæú ãõßóÇÈöÑñ ÍóÓõæÏñ Ãóæú ãõÞóáøöÏñ ãóÎúÏõæÚñ ÛóáóÈóåõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑöåö ãóäú åõãú Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö ãöäú ßõÈóÑóÇÁö Þóæúãöåö. æóÈöÐóáößó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøöÞøö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ÌóæóÇÈö ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö Úóäö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáËøóÇáöËö.(2/17)
ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö æóÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÝóåúãö æóÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉö ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÝöíÏóÉö áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ãóäú íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÏöÍóÉò ÝöíãóÇ äóÏøóÚöíåö ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ æóÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæö ÇÏøóÚóíúäóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÈóÏöíåöíøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÏøóÚöí ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÚóÇÏöíøó.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÚöáúãðÇ ÈöÊóÞóÇÕõÑöåö Úóäö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúÈóÏöíåöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöãõÓóÇæóÇÊöåö áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáúÚóÇÏöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: ÝóÍóÇÕöáõåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõßóÇÈóÑóÉö æóÇáúãõÌóÇÍóÏóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÎóáúÞò áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Úóáóíúåöãõ ÇáÊøóæóÇØõÄõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö.
Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ãöãøóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðǺ áóßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÓøõæÝöÓúØóÇÆöíøóÉö (1) Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÍúÓõæÓóÇÊö ãöãøóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ÚöáúãðÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÓøõãóäöíøóÉö¡ æóãóÇ åõæó ÇÚúÊöÐóÇÑõåõãú Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÓøõæÝöÓúØóÇÆöíøóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÓøóÇÊö íóßõæäõ ÚõÐúÑðÇ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÎöáóÇÝöåöãú áóäóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÇÊö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ åá ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÍóÇÕöáó Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ Ãæ äóÙóÑöí]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉö æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúÍóÇÕöáó Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúßóÚúÈöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóÇáÏøóÞøóÇÞõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö Ãóäøóåõ äóÙóÑöíøñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Åöäøóåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáöåö Åöáóì ÇáÔøõÚõæÑö ÈöÊóæóÓøõØö æóÇÓöØóÉò ãõÝúÖöíóÉò Åöáóíúåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉó ÍóÇÖöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÐøöåúäö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì
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(1) ÇáÓøõæÝöÓúØóÇÆöíøóÉõ: Þöíáó ÅöäøóåóÇ ËóáóÇËõ ÝöÑóÞò: ÇáúÃõæáóì ÚöäóÇÏöíøóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊõäúßöÑõ ÍóÞóÇÆöÞó ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÇáúÍöÓøöíøóÉö æóÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóÊõßóÐøöÈõ ÍöÓøóåóÇ æóÚóÞúáóåóÇ¡ æóÊóÑóì Ðóáößó æóåúãðÇ æóÎóíóÇáðÇ. ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: ÇááøóÇ ÃóÏúÑöíøóÉõ¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÔõßøõ Ýöí ÍóÞóÇÆöÞö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö æóÊóÊóÑóÏøóÏõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóÊóÞõæáõ: áóÇ ÃóÏúÑöí¡ ÃóáóåóÇ æõÌõæÏñ Ãóæú áóÇ¿ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ÚöäúÏöíøóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÑóì Ãóäú áóíúÓó áöáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö ÍóÞöíÞóÉñ ËóÇÈöÊóÉñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ÊóÊúÈóÚõ ÅöÏúÑóÇßó ãóäú ÃóÏúÑóßóåóÇ æóÚóÞöíÏóÉó ãóäú ÎóØóÑóÊú ÈöÈóÇáöåö¡ æóåóÐöåö ãóÐóÇåöÈõ ÈóÇØöáóÉñ ÈöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáúÍöÓøö æóÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóãóÚúäóì ÇáÓøóÝúÓóØóÉö ÇáúÍößúãóÉõ ÇáúãõãóæøóåóÉõ¡ æóÊõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì äóæúÚò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ æóåúãöíøóÉð ßóÇÐöÈóÉð Ãóæú ÔóÈöíåóÉð ÈöÇáúÍóÞøö æóáóíúÓóÊú Èöåö¡ ÇäúÙõÑú äóÞúÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí Ì 19 ãöäú ÝóÊóÇæóì ÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.(2/18)
Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò¡ ßóÞóæúáöäóÇ: ÇáúÞóÏöíãõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍúÏóËðÇ¡ æóÇáúãóæúÌõæÏõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÚúÏõæãðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ (1) áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöíåö ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ãõÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö.
ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú áóÇ íóÌúãóÚõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÌóÇãöÚñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÊóÑúÊöíÈö ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÊóíúäö ÈöáóÝúÙò ãóäúÙõæãò¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÇáÔøõÚõæÑö ÈöÊóæóÓøõØöåöãóÇ æóÅöÝúÖóÇÆöåöãóÇ Åöáóíúåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇáÔøóÑöíÝö ÇáúãõÑúÊóÖóì ãöäó ÇáÔøöíÚóÉö.
æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÍõÌóÌöåóÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó äóÐúßõÑõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÍõÌóÌõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ ÝóÃóæøóáõåóÇ æóåöíó ÇáúÃóÞúæóì¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö¡ áóãóÇ æóÞóÚó Ðóáößó áöãóäú áóíúÓó áóåõ ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö¡ ßóÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇáúÚóæóÇãøö. æóåõæó æóÇÞöÚñ áóåõãú áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäó æóÇáúÚóæóÇãøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÍúÕõáõ áóåõãõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóíúÓó áóåõãú ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÛóÇãöÖóÉö¡ ßóÍõÏõæËö ÇáúÚóÇáóãö æóæõÌõæÏö ÇáÕøóÇäöÚö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ Åöáóì ãóÇ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ ÇáúãõÝúÖöíóÉö Åöáóíúåö äóÙóÑöíøóÉñ¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÎóÝöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ ÇáúãõÝúÖöíóÉõ Åöáóíúåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ äóÙóÑöíøóÉò¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈöíáö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó ÇáøóÊöí íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåöãú ÍóÇÕöáóÉð ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö áöáÕøöÈúíóÇäö æóÇáúÚóæóÇãøö¡ æóíóßõæäõ (2) ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáäøóÊöíÌóÉö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉö ÚóäúåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÊöãøõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉõ Ãóäú áóæú Èóíøóäó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåöãú ãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ äóÙóÑöíøóÉñ áóÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉñ¡ æóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÈóíóÇäöåö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÚóÇÞöáò íóÌöÏõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöæõÌõæÏö ãóßøóÉó æóÈóÛúÏóÇÏó æóÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÆöíóÉö ÚöäúÏó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÈöåóÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÏõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÓóÇÈöÞóÉó ÝößúÑò æóáóÇ äóÙóÑò ÝöíãóÇ íõäóÇÓöÈõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö
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(1) ÝóÅöäøóåõ - ÊóÚúáöíáñ áöÞóæúáöåö æóáóíúÓó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ ÈöãóÚúäóì Ãóäøóåõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ÈöÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò. . ÅöáóÎú.
(2) æóíóßõæäõ - ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõº áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóÍóÏõ ÞöÓúãóíö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóíúäö Ãóæøóáó ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö¡ æóáöãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäú ÍõÌóÌö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøó.(2/19)
ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúÊöíÈöåóÇ ÇáúãõÝúÖöí Åöáóíúåö. æóáóæú ßóÇäó äóÙóÑöíøðÇ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÍúÊóÇÌõ Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúÝößúÑö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö Ýöí ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö æóÊóÑúÊöíÈöåóÇ¡ Åöäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÊöáúßó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö ÝóáóÇ.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íóäúÊóÝöí ÈöÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö. æóåóÐöåö åöíó ÃóãóÇÑóÉõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúãóäúÝöíøõ ÈöÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö: ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøõ ÇáøóÐöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ äóÙóÑöíøóÉñ Ãóæö ÇáøóÐöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉñ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ áóÃóãúßóäó ÇáúÅöÖúÑóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÇÊö¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõãúßöäú Ðóáößó¡ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáøóÐöí íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÅöÖúÑóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúãõÝúÊóÞöÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÒöãóåõ (1) ãöäú ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÍóÇÕöáóÉò ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉöº ÝóáóÇ.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ áóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁö¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÞóÚú ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ãõÚóÇäöÏò ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ßóÇäó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ ßóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãõÍóÓøóÇÊö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÊóÓúæöíÛõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÚóÞúáðÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåóÇ äóÙóÑöíøóÉñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊõåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉñº ÝóáóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÍóÓøóÇÊö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÍõÌóÌõ ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑöº ÝóÃóæøóáõåóÇ æóåöíó ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÏóáøó ÈöåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ Ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ Úõáõæãò íõÊóæóÕøóáõ ÈöåóÇ Åöáóì Úöáúãò ÂÎóÑó¡ ÝóßõáøóãóÇ æóÞóÝó æõÌõæÏóåõ Úóáóì ÊóÑúÊöíÈò Ýóåõæó äóÙóÑöíøñ¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ßóÐóáößó ÝóßóÇäó äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ðóáößó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑó áóãú íõÎúÈöÑú Úóäú ÑóÃúíöåö¡ Èóáú Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ãóÍúÓõæÓò¡ áóÇ áóÈúÓó Ýöíåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÏóÇÚöíó áóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóíõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐöÈðÇ ÊóÚóíøóäó ßóæúäõåõ ÕöÏúÞðÇ.
æóãóåúãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáøó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö áóãú äóÚúáóãú ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áößóæúäöåö äóÙóÑöíøðÇ Óöæóì Ðóáößó.
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(1) ãóÇ áóÒöãóåõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ãóÇ áóÒöãó.(2/20)
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÙóÑó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ ÚóãøóÇ ÐõßöÑó¡ áóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÊóÍóÞøõÞóåõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
æóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö áóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãóÞúÏõæÑðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö áóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò æóãóÞúÕõæÏò.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö áóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò æóãóÞúÕõæÏò¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊó ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇáúÛóÑóÖö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Ïõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÛóÑóÖñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ Ýöí ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ßóæúäõåõ ÕöÏúÞðÇ¡ áößóæúäöåö ÍóÓóäðÇ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúßóÐöÈõ áößóæúäöåö ÞóÈöíÍðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäö æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö æóÞóÏú ÃóÈúØóáúäóÇåõ.
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó: ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäõ æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍõ ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö¡ æóáóÇ Ôóßøó Ãóäøó Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚõÑúÝö íóÚõÏøõæäó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ÞóÈöíÍðÇ æóÇáÕøöÏúÞó ÍóÓóäðÇ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáÊøóÍúÓöíäõ æóÇáÊøóÞúÈöíÍõ ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøõ ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÇáúÛóÑóÖö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóáóÚóáøó ÇáúßóÐöÈó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ßóÐöÈñ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ Èöåö ãõæóÇÝöÞñ áöÃóÛúÑóÇÖöåöãú Ïõæäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÍóÓóäðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ Èöåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íõÌúãöÚõæäó Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÅöáøóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò¡ æóáóßöäú ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäúåõ¿ ÝóÅöäøóÇ ÞóÏú äóÌöÏõ ÇáúÌóãúÚó ÇáúßóËöíÑó ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì æóÖúÚö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö áöÍößúãóÉò ÚóÇÆöÏóÉò Åöáóíúåöãú æóÐóáößó ßóÃóåúáö ãóÏöíäóÉò Ãóæú ÌóíúÔò ÚóÙöíãò ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì æóÖúÚö ÎóÈóÑò áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ¡ ÅöãøóÇ áöÏóÝúÚö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò Úóäúåõãú áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÏóÝúÚöåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÌóáúÈö ãóÕúáóÍóÉò áóÇ ÊóÍúÕõáõ ÅöáøóÇ Èöåö.
æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÛúáöÈõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò æóÒóãóÇäò¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÃóßúËóÑó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÇãøóÉö ÇáÔøóÇÆöÚóÉö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáúãõÚúÊóÇÏö ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÅöäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó æóÇÞöÚðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ ÏóæóÇãóåõ¡ æóÊõæÌöÈõ ÇäúßöÔóÇÝóåõ Úóäú ÞõÑúÈò ãöäó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÝóÅöÐóÇ Âáó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßö ÈöÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÏóÇÆöãðÇ ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ãõæÌöÈóÉñ áöÕöÏúÞö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ÌóãúÚðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊõæÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóíóÎúÑõÌõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Úóäú ßóæúäöåö äóÙóÑöíøðÇ.(2/21)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ßóÇÝöíðÇ Ýöí ßóæúäö ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÇÊö ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ãóÚóåõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÑúÊóÈöØóÉñ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÃóäøóåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉõ ÇáúãõÝúÖöíóÉõ Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãö ÇáúæõÌõæÏö ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ áóäóÇ áóßõäøóÇ ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÍõÕõæáó Úöáúãò áöáúÅöäúÓóÇäö æóåõæó áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ Èöåö ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ æóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ßóæúäóåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íõÚúáóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ Èóáú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÕöÝóÊöåöº æóåöíó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉõ¡ ÛóíúÑó ÖóÑõæÑöíøò.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ áóÚóáöãúäóÇåõ Úóáóì ÕöÝóÊöåö äóÙóÑöíøðÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑõæåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ áóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ Ýöíåö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ Ýöíåö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøò¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÓøõæÝöÓúØóÇÆöíøóÉö Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÇÊö¡ ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäú ßóæúäöåóÇ ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉð¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ãöäó ÇáúÎóÕúãóíúäö åóÇåõäóÇ¡ Èóáú æóáóßóÇäó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáÓøõãóäöíøóÉö Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÃóÕúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõæøóÉö Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÎóÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõãóÇËöáñ Ãóæú ÃóÏúäóì¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÛóíúÑõ ÍóÇÕöáò ÈöÇáÖøóÑõæÑóÉö¡ Èóáú ÈöÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÝóãóÇ åõæó ãöËúáõåõ ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÇáúÃóÏúäóì Ãóæúáóì.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÍóÇÕöáõ ãóÇ ÐõßöÑó ÑóÇÌöÚñ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö¡ ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúíóÞöíäö ßóãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚöåö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó Úöáúãñ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÞóÚõ ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ ÝóßóÐóáößó áóÇ ÊóÝóÇæõÊó(2/22)
Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö Úóáóì ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÊöåóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäú áóÇ æóÇÓöØóÉó Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÝúíö æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊö¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ÃóÞóáøõ ãöäó ÇáöÇËúäóíúäö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÎóÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáöåö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Úöáúãñ.
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ãóÇ áóÒöãó ãöäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉö ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉð Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÎóÈóÑö ÑóÓõæáöåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ãöäú ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáöåö ÛóíúÑó ÖóÑõæÑöíøò¡ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚõáõæãõ ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøóÉõ ÛóíúÑó ÖóÑõæÑöíøóÉò.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÖóÚúÝõ ÇáúãóÃúÎóÐö ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇäöÈóíúäö æóÊóÞóÇæõãõ ÇáúßóáóÇãö Èóíúäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÞúÝõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóÒúãö ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íõæóáøöÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáúÃóÔóÇÚöÑóÉõ æóÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉõ æóÌóãöíÚõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóÇ íõæóáøöÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÓúáóßóíúäö ÖóÚöíÝóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãõæóáøöÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóæóáøöÏðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö Ãóæú ãöäúåõ¡ æóãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÖøöíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó Ýóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ æóÅöáøóÇ áóÊóæóáøóÏó ãöäúåõ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó Ýóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉñ æóÇáúãõÓóÈøöÈõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ áóÇ íóÕúÏõÑõ Úóäú ÓóÈóÈóíúäö¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ Èóíúäó ÎóÇáöÞóíúäö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóæóáøöÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóÎöíÑö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÊóÞóÏøõãö ãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÞóÈúáóåõ æóÚóÏöãóÊú¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóæóáøöÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö ÝóãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÊóæóáøöÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúåóíúÆóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöíøóÉö¡ æóåöíó ÔóíúÁñ æóÇÍöÏñ áóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóæóáøöÏñ Úóäú ßõáøò æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö. æóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ãóÏúÝóÚó áóåõ.
äóÚóãú áóæú Þöíáó Ãóäøó ÊóæóáøõÏóåõ ãöäú ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ãõãúÊóäöÚñ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÖøóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ãóÚúÏõæãñ æóáóÇ ÊóæóáøóÏó Úóäö ÇáúãóÚúÏõæãö ßóÇäó ãõÊøóÌöåðÇ.
ÇáúãóÓúáóßõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÞóÑøó ãöäú ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáöíäó ÈöÇáÊøóæóáøõÏö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóÇ åõæó ØóÇáöÈñ áöÌöåóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÌöåóÇÊö ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÊóæóáøóÏó Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍóáøöåö¡ ßóÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏóÇÊö æóÇáúÍóÑóßóÇÊö¡ æóãóÇ áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÊóæóáøóÏõ Úóäúåõ ÔóíúÁñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍóáøöåö¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ æóÇáúÎóÈóÑõ áóíúÓó(2/23)
áóåõ ÌöåóÉñ ÝóáóÇ íóÊóæóáøóÏõ Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõº áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ÊóæóáøóÏó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ áóÊóæóáøóÏó Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍöáøöåö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÐóáößó (1) ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÇÊøöÌóÇåó áóåõ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ãóÐóÇåöÈö ÇáúÎõÕõæãö¡ Ãóäøó ÅöÑúÚóÇÈó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö áöÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ íõæóáøöÏõ Ýöíåö ÇáúæóÌóáó ÇáúãõæóáøöÏó áöáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÍúãöÑóÇÑö¡ æóÃóäøó ÊóåúÌöíäóåõ áóåõ ãöãøóÇ íõæóáøöÏõ Ýöíåö ÇáúÎóÌóáó ÇáúãõæóáøöÏó áöáöÇÍúãöÑóÇÑö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáöÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÇ ÊóæóáøóÏó Úóäö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÑúåöÈö æóÇáúãõåóÌøöäö Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ãóÍöáøöåö.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö Ðóáößó áóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÍóÞøóÞúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÃóÈúßóÇÑö ÇáúÃóÝúßóÇÑö¡ ãöäó ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ãõæÌöÏò ÛóíúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÃóäøó ßõáøó ãóæúÌõæÏò ãõãúßöäñ¡ ÝóæõÌõæÏõåõ áóíúÓó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö æóäóÞúáöåö Åöáóì åõäóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõßõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúæóÞúÝõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóÒúãö Èößóæúäö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ Ãóæú äóÙóÑöíøðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ åóÇåõäóÇ ãöäú ßóæúäöåö ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì íõæÌöÈõ ßóæúäóåõ ÇÖúØöÑóÇÑöíøðÇ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóåõæó ÊóäóÇÞõÖñ.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÃóãúßóäó ÍõÕõæáõåõ Úóäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖöíäó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóåõ¡ æóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáó ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÚóÏóãö ÎóáúÞöåö.
ÝóáóãøóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóæúÌõæÏò ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑö ãõÈóÇÔóÑóÉð¡ Èóáú ÈöÇáÊøóæóáøõÏö ÚóãøóÇ åõæó ãõÈóÇÔóÑñ ÈöÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóäóÇÞõÖõ ÝóãõäúÏóÝöÚñ¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ãõßúÊóÓóÈñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ Ãóæú åõæó ÍóÇÕöáñ áóåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäú ßóæúäöåö ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ÃóÕúáöäóÇ (2) .
Þóæúáõåõãú: áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÎúáõæÞðÇ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÃóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáó.
ÞõáúäóÇ: Ðóáößó ãõãúßöäñ ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÃóÌúÑóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÈöÎóáúÞöåö áöáúÚöáúãö ÚöäúÏó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóÌúÑóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÈöÇáÔøöÈóÚö ÚöäúÏó Ãóßúáö ÇáúÎõÈúÒö¡ æóÇáÑøöíøö ÚöäúÏó ÔõÑúÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö æóäóÍúæöåö.
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(1) æóÐóáößó. ÅöáóÎú. ÌóæóÇÈñ Úóäö ÇáúãóÓúáóßö ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÈóíóÇäñ áöÖóÚúÝöåö.
(2) Ãóíú: ÃóÕúáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãöäú Ãóäøó ÃóÝúÚóÇáó ÇáúÚöÈóÇÏö ÇáöÇÎúÊöíóÇÑöíøóÉó ãóÎúáõæÞóÉñ áöáøóåö ãóßúÓõæÈóÉñ áöáúÚóÈúÏö¡ ÝóÎóáúÞõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÅöíøóÇåóÇ áóÇ íõäóÇÝöí ßóÓúÈó ÇáúÚóÈúÏö áóåóÇ.(2/24)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÔÑæØ ÇáÊæÇÊÑ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Úóáóì ÔõÑõæØò¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÔõÑõæØò.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞõ Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚöíäó.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó¡ ÝóÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ ÔõÑõæØò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóåóæúÇ Ýöí ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö Åöáóì ÍóÏøò íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚóåõ ÊóæóÇØõÄõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ Èöåö áóÇ ÙóÇäøöíäó.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó Úöáúãõåõãú ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÍöÓøö¡ áóÇ Åöáóì Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäú íóÓúÊóæöíó ØóÑóÝóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóæóÓóØõåõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØöº áöÃóäøó ÎóÈóÑó Ãóåúáö ßõáøö ÚóÕúÑò ãõÓúÊóÞöáñ ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉð Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚöíäó¡ ÝóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚõ ãõÊóÃóåøöáðÇ áöÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóÇ ÃõÎúÈöÑó Èöåö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÚóÇáöãò Èöåö ÞóÈúáó Ðóáößó æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÕöíáõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö.
ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøó ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö äóÙóÑöíøñº ÔóÑóØó ÊóÞóÏøõãó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Úóáóì ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóãóäú ÒóÚóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ áóãú íóÔúÊóÑöØú ÓóÈúÞó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö¡ áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÍóÇÕöáñ ÚöäúÏó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÈöÎóáúÞö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÅöäú ÎóáóÞó ÇáúÚöáúãó áóåõ Úõáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÎúáõÞú áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Úõáöãó ÇÎúÊöáóÇáõ åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ¡ ÝóÖóÇÈöØõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÊóßóÇãõáö åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ áóÇ Ãóäøó ÖóÇÈöØó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÓóÇÈöÞóÉõ (1) ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö.
Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö Ýöí ÃóÞóáøö ÚóÏóÏò íóÍúÕõáõ ãóÚóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú: åõæó ÎóãúÓóÉñº áöÃóäøó ãóÇ Ïõæäõ Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÈóíøöäóÉñ ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉñ íóÌõæÒõ áöáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÑúÖõåóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÒóßøöíäó ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
æóÞóÏú ÞóØóÚó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉó ÚóÏóÏñ äóÇÞöÕñ¡ æóÊóÔóßøóßó Ýöí ÇáúÎóãúÓóÉö.
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(1) ÓóÇÈöÞóÉõ - ÕóæóÇÈõåõ ÓóÈóÞó.(2/25)
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõ Ðóáößó ÇËúäóÇ ÚóÔóÑó¡ ÈöÚóÏóÏö ÇáäøõÞóÈóÇÁö ãöäú Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÈóÚóËúäóÇ ãöäúåõãõ ÇËúäóíú ÚóÔóÑó äóÞöíÈðÇ} æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõåõ ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÊóãóÓøõßðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú íóßõäú ãöäúßõãú ÚöÔúÑõæäó ÕóÇÈöÑõæäó íóÛúáöÈõæÇ ãöÇÆóÊóíúäö} æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõ Ðóáößó ÃóÑúÈóÚõæäó ÃóÎúÐðÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóÏö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõåõãú ÓóÈúÚõæäó¡ ÊóãóÓøõßðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ãõæÓóì Þóæúãóåõ ÓóÈúÚöíäó ÑóÌõáðÇ áöãöíÞóÇÊöäóÇ} æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÕøóåõãú ÈöÐóáößó áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõåõ ËóáóÇËõãöÇÆóÉò æóËóáóÇËóÉó ÚóÔóÑó¡ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÚóÏóÏö Ãóåúáö ÈóÏúÑò¡ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÎõÕøõæÇ ÈöÐóáößó áöíõÚúáóãó ãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõæäó Èöåö áöáúãõÔúÑößöíäó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÞóáøõ ÚóÏóÏò íóÍúÕõáõ Èöåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ãóÚúáõæãñ áöáøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò áóäóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äóÌöÏõ ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó ÚöáúãõäóÇ ÈöæõÌõæÏö ãóßøóÉó¡ æóÈóÛúÏóÇÏó æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÇÊö ÚöäúÏóåõ.
æóáóæú ßóáøóÝúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉó Ðóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÊóæóÇÑõÏö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó ÈöÃóãúÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÈöÊóÑóÞøõÈö ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóßúãõáõ ÚöáúãõäóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÊóÒóÇíõÏö ÙóäøöäóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò áóãú äóÌöÏú Åöáóíúåö ÓóÈöíáðÇ ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ áóãú äóÌöÏú ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúÍóÇáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí íóÍúÕõáõ ÝöíåóÇ ßóãóÇáõ ÚõÞõæáöäóÇ ÈóÚúÏó äóÞúÕöåóÇ¡ ÈöÇáÊøóÏúÑöíÌö ÇáúÎóÝöíøö¡ áöÞõÕõæÑö ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÈóÔóÑöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáúæõÞõæÝö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú íóÍúÕõáõ áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ áóÇ äóÞöÝõ Úóáóì ÃóÞóáøö ÚóÏóÏò ÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ßóãóÇ äóÚúáóãõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáÔøöÈóÚö ÈöÃóßúáö ÇáúÎõÈúÒö¡ æóÇáÑøöíøö ÈöÔõÑúÈö ÇáúãóÇÁö¡ æóÅöäú ßõäøóÇ áóÇ äóÞöÝõ Úóáóì ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÍóÕóáó Èöåö ÇáÔøöÈóÚõ æóÇáÑøöíøõ.
æóãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÞóÇæöíáö Ýöí ÖóÈúØö ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ýóåöíó ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåóÇ æóÊóÚóÇÑõÖöåóÇ æóÚóÏóãö ãõäóÇÓóÈóÊöåóÇ æóãõáóÇÆóãóÊöåóÇ áöáúãóØúáõæÈö ãõÖúØóÑöÈóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóÏò íõÝúÑóÖõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö áöÞóæúãò¡ ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú íõãúßöäõ ÝóÑúÖõ ÎóÈóÑöåöãú ÈöÚóíúäöåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÝöíÏò áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÂÎóÑöíäó¡ Èóáú æóáóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÈöÃóÚúíóÇäöåöãú ÈöæóÇÞöÚóÉò ÃõÎúÑóì áóãú íóÍúÕõáú ÈöåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ áöãóäú ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ åõæó ÇáÖøóÇÈöØó áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö áóãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ æóÞóÚó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÈöÓóÈóÈö ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÑöäóÉö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóÞõæøóÉö ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÚö æóÝóåúãöåö¡ æóÅöÏúÑóÇßöåö áöáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö.(2/26)
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÖóÇÈöØõ ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãóÇ ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÚöäúÏóåõ ãöäú ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó¡ áóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ãóÖúÈõæØñ ÈöÚóÏóÏò ãóÎúÕõæÕò¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÚóÏóÏò íõÝúÑóÖõ ßóÇäó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉð Ãóæú ãóÇ ÒóÇÏó ÅöáøóÇ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó Èöåö ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ æóíõãúßöäó Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúÕõáó¡ æóíóÎúÊóáöÝõ Ðóáößó ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóãóÇ ÐõßöÑó Ýöí ßõáøö ÕõæÑóÉò ãöäú Ãóäøó ÊóÚúíöíäó Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÝöíåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈöÑöåöãú¡ ÊóÍóßøõãñ áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÃóÛúÑóÇÖò ÃõÎóÑó ÛóíúÑõ Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó Ðóáößó æóÇÞöÚñ ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö.
æóÚóáóì ÞóæúáöäóÇ ÈöÃóäøó ÖóÇÈöØó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚöäúÏóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Úóáóì ãóäú áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúãóÑúÌöÚõ Ýöíåö Åöáóì ÇáúæöÌúÏóÇäö¡ åóÐóÇ ãóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöØö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö ÇáúãõÊøóÝóÞö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóáóÝõ ÝöíåóÇ ÝóÓöÊøóÉñ:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäú áóÇ íóÍúæöíóåõãú ÈóáóÏñ æóáóÇ íóÍúÕõÑóåõãú ÚóÏóÏñ¡ æóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó ÎöáóÇÝõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóÍúÕõáõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö Ãóåúáö ÈóáóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö¡ Èóáú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÍóÌöíÌö Ãóæú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÈöæóÇÞöÚóÉò æóÞóÚóÊú¡ æóÍóÇÏöËóÉò ÍóÏóËóÊú¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú ãóÍúÕõæÑõæäó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóäúÓóÇÈö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó æóÃóæúØóÇäöåöãú æóÃóÏúíóÇäöåöãú¡ æóåõæó ÝóÇÓöÏñ¡ áöÃóäøóÇ áóæú ÞóÏøóÑúäóÇ Ãóåúáó ÈóáóÏò ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú ÃóÏúíóÇäõåõãú æóÃóäúÓóÇÈõåõãú¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÈöÞóÖöíøóÉò ÔóÇåóÏõæåóÇ¡ áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúØó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Ãóäú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÓúáöãöíäó ÚõÏõæáðǺ áöÃóäøó ÇáúßõÝúÑó ÚõÑúÖóÉñ áöáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáÊøóÍúÑöíÝö¡ æóÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãõ æóÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÖóÇÈöØõ ÇáÕøöÏúÞö æóÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞö Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáöº æóáöåóÐöåö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó ÈöÏóáóÇáóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚöåöãú Úóáóì ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ áóæú æóÞóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÊóæóÇÊõÑö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö áóæóÞóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÉö ÚóÏóÏöåöãú Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö æóÕóáúÈöåö¡ æóãóÇ äóÞóáõæåõ Úóäúåõ ãöäú ßóáöãóÉö ÇáÊøóËúáöíËö.
æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó äóÌöÏõ ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäõæÇ ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóåúáõ ÞõÓúØóäúØöíäöíøóÉó ÈöÞóÊúáö ãóáößöåöãú.
æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóËúÑóÉó ãóÇäöÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóæóÇØõÄö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ßóÇäó Ïõæäó Êöáúßó ÇáúßóËúÑóÉö.(2/27)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö áöáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÓøóãúÚöíøóÉö¡ Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãöäú ÞóÊúáö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö æóÕóáúÈöåö æóßóáöãóÉö ÇáÊøóËúáöíËö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãõÍóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö (1) ÔóÑúØò ãöäú ÔõÑõæØö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóåõæó ÅöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇáõ ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóæóÓóØöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÞóÈúáõ¡ Ãóæú áöÃóäøóåõãú ãóÇ ÓóãöÚõæÇ ßóáöãóÉó ÇáÊøóËúáöíËö ÕóÑöíÍðÇ¡ Èóáú ÓóãöÚõæÇ ßóáöãóÉð ãõæåöãóÉð áöÐóáößó (2) ÝóäóÞóáõæÇ ÇáÊøóËúáöíËó¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ Ðóáößó äóÝúíðÇ áöáúßõÝúÑö Úóäö ÇáúãóÓöíÍö¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÞóÏú ßóÝóÑó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ Åöäøó Çááøóåó ËóÇáöËõ ËóáóÇËóÉò} Ãóæú áöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÓöíÍó ÔõÈøöåó áóåõãú¡ ÝóäóÞóáõæÇ ÞóÊúáóåõ æóÕóáúÈóåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóáóØõ Ýöíåö ÛóíúÑó ãõÚúÊóÇÏò ÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ÎóÑúÞö ÇáúÚóæóÇÆöÏö¡ æóåõæó ÒóãóÇäõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÈóÚöíÏðÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÒóãóÇäöåö. æóíóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ Ðóáößó ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ ÞóÊóáõæåõ æóãóÇ ÕóáóÈõæåõ æóáóßöäú ÔõÈøöåó áóåõãú} .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÝóÎóÑúÞõ ÇáúÚóæóÇÆöÏö ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÒóãóÇäö ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÈößóÑóÇãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóæúáöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóáúíóÌõÒú Ýöí ßõáøö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö Ãóåúáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÕúÑö Úóäö ÇáúãõÍóÓøóÇÊö æóæõÞõæÚö ÇáúÛóáóØö Ýöíåö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: Åöäú ÍóÕóáó áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú¡ ÚóáöãúäóÇ ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉó ÇáúÛóáóØö Úóáóíúåöãú¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÍúÕõáú áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö¡ ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáøó ÔóÑúØñ ãöäú ÔóÑóÇÆöØö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ãõÚóíøóäðÇ ÚöäúÏóäóÇ (3) .
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: ÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÔóÑúØóåõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõæÇ ãóÍúãõæáöíäó Úóáóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú ÈöÇáÓøóíúÝö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú Åöäú ÍõãöáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáÕøöÏúÞö áóãú íóãúÊóäöÚú ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÞóæúáöåöãú¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú áóãú íõÍúãóáõæÇ Úóáóíúåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú Íóãóáó Çáúãóáößõ Ãóåúáó ãóÏöíäóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ãõÍóÓøò¡ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ ÚóÇáöãóÉð ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú ÍóÓóÈó ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö Íóãúáò¡ æóÅöäú ÍóãóáõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú¡ áöÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØò¡ æóåõæó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõãú Úóäú ãóÚúáõæãò ãõÍóÓøò.
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(1) Ãóíú: ÑóÇÌöÚðÇ Åöáóì ÚóÏóãö ÔóÑúØò.
(2) ÇáúÃóæúáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ßóáöãóÉð ÊóæóåøóãõæÇ ãöäúåóÇ Ðóáößó.
(3) åóÐóÇ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ áóÇ íóÕúáõÍõ ÖóÇÈöØðÇ æóáóÇ ãóÞúäóÚó Ýöíåö áöáúÎóÕúãö¡ Èóáú íóÝúÊóÍõ ÈóÇÈó ÇáúÝóæúÖóì¡ æóÇáÊøóØóÇæõáö Úóáóì ÇáäøõÕõæÕö¡ æóÑóÏøóåóÇ ÈöÏóÚúæóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÎóíúÑñ ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÈóÞóÇÁõ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÔõæåöÏó æóãõäöÚó Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÛóáóØö áöÔõÈúåóÉò ÍóÊøóì íóÑöÏó Ïóáöíáñ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúáö ßóãóÇ ãóÑøó Ýöí ÞöÕøóÉö ÚöíÓóì Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.(2/28)
ÇáúÎóÇãöÓõ: ÔóÑóØóÊö ÇáÔøöíÚóÉõ æóÇÈúäõ ÇáÑøóÇæöäúÏöíøö (1) æõÌõæÏó ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íóÊøóÝöÞõæÇ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÃóíúÖðÇ¡ áöãóÇ ÈóíøóäóÇåõ ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ áóæö ÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÈóáóÏò ãöäú ÈöáóÇÏö ÇáúßõÝøóÇÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ãóáößöåöãú Ãóæú ÃóÎúÐö ãóÏöíäóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåöãú¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåöãú ßõÝøóÇÑðÇ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú ßóæúäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö áóíúÓó Ýöíåöãú.
Ëõãøó áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ íóßõæäõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúãóÚúÕõæãö ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ áóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓõ: ÔóÑóØóÊö ÇáúíóåõæÏõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøöáøóÉö æóÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉöº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú Ýöíåöãú ãöËúáõ åóÄõáóÇÁö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÄúãóäõ ÊóæóÇØõÄõåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö áöÛóÑóÖò ãöäó ÇáúÃóÛúÑóÇÖö. ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÐöáøóÉò æóãóÓúßóäóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóæúÝó ãõÄóÇÎóÐóÊöåöãú ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö íóãúäóÚõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
æóáóæú ÕóÍøó áóåõãú åóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóÑúØõ¡ áóËóÈóÊó ÛóÑóÖõåõãú ãöäú ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÈöãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÚöíÓóì¡ æóäóÈöíøöäóÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÏúÎõáõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöåóÇ¡ æóåõãú Ãóåúáõ ÇáÐøöáøóÉö æóÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉö. áóßöäøóåõ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöãóÇ äóÌöÏõåõ ãöäú ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÃóßóÇÈöÑö æóÇáÔøõÑóÝóÇÁö ÇáúÚõÙóãóÇÁö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÈöÃóãúÑò ãõÍóÓøò¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ ÎóáúÞðÇ ßóËöíÑðÇ. Èóáú ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäú ÎóÈóÑöåöãú ÃóÓúÑóÚó ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÓúßóäóÉö æóÇáÐøöáøóÉö áöÊóÑóÝøõÚö åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóäú ÑóÐöíáóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈö áöÔóÑóÝöåöãú æóÞöáøóÉö ãõÈóÇáóÇÉö åóÄõáóÇÁö Èöåö áöÎöÓøóÊöåöãú.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ßóÇäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãóÚóåõ ÃóÓúÑóÚó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÔóÑúØðÇ íóäúÊóÝöí ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÚöäúÏó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÆöåöº ÝóáóÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ßõáøó ÚóÏóÏò æóÞóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö Ýöí æóÇÞöÚóÉò áöÔóÎúÕò áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÚóÏóÏò æóÞóÚó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö Ýöí æóÇÞöÚóÉò áöÔóÎúÕò áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÛóíúÑö Êöáúßó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö áöÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕö ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ. æóåóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ãöäú äóÝúÓö ÎóÈóÑö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ ÚóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÚóÇÆöÏóÉö Åöáóì ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó æóÃóÍúæóÇáöåöãú æóÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó Ýöí ÞõæøóÉö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚö áöáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúÝóåúãö áöãóÏúáõæáöåö ãóÚó ÝóÑúÖö ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí Ýöí
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(1) åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÅöÓúÍóÇÞó ßóÇäó ãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøðÇ¡ æóÑõãöíó ÈöÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏö.(2/29)
ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö. ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäó ÞóÏú ÊõÝöíÏõ ÂÍóÇÏõåóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó. æóÈöÊóÖóÇÝõÑöåóÇ æóÇÌúÊöãóÇÚöåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ßóãóÇ ÓóäõÈóíøöäõåõ.
ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö áöáúãõÓúÊóãöÚö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ áöãóÇ ÇÎúÊõÕøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö æóÞóÑóÇÆöäöåóÇ áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÔúÎóÇÕö ÍõÕõæáõåõ áöÔóÎúÕò ÂÎóÑó¡ áöÊóÝóÇæõÊöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßö æóÇáúÝóåúãö áöáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÙóÇåöÑñ ÌöÏøðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ãöäúåõãú ãóäú áóåõ ÞõæøóÉõ Ýóåúãö ÃóÏóÞøö ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí æóÃóÛúãóÖöåóÇ Ýöí ÃóÏúäóì ÏóÞöíÞóÉò ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ßóÏøò æóáóÇ ÊóÚóÈò.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇäúÊóåóì Ýöí ÇáúÈóáóÇÏóÉö Åöáóì ÍóÏøò áóÇ ÞõÏúÑóÉó áóåõ Úóáóì Ýóåúãö ÃóÙúåóÑö ãóÇ íóßõæäõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí ãóÚó ÇáúÌöÏøö æóÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÍóÇáõåõ ãõÊóæóÓøöØóÉñ Èóíúäó ÇáÏøóÑóÌóÊóíúäö. æóåóÐóÇ ÃóãúÑñ æóÇÖöÍñ áóÇ ãöÑóÇÁó Ýöíåö. æóãóÚó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ãöãøóÇ áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÊóÕúÍöíÍöåö Úóáóì ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ ÈóáóÛó ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõåõãú ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú Ýöí ãóÚúäðì Ìóáöíøò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑó íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ßóÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú ÞóÊúáö ãóáößò Ãóæú åõÌõæãö ÈóáóÏò¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ¡ Ýóáóæú ÈóáóÛó ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑöíäó Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ áóßöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõåõãú æóÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚõ ÇáøóÊöí ÃóÎúÈóÑõæÇ ÚóäúåóÇ ãóÚó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú Ýöí ãóÚúäðì Ìóáöíøò ãõÔúÊóÑóßò Èóíúäó ãõÎúÈöÑóÇÊöåöãú ÝóÇáúßõáøõ ãõÎúÈöÑõæäó Úóäú Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú Úóäú ÌõÒúÆöíøóÇÊöåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö¡ Ãóæö ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãóÚúáõæãðÇ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑöåöãú¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí æóÑóÏóÊú ÎóÇÑöÌóÉó ÇáúÍóÕúÑö Úóäú æóÞóÇÆöÚö ÚóäúÊóÑóÉó Ýöí ÍõÑõæÈöåö¡ æóæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÍóÇÊöãò Ýöí åöÈóÇÊöåö æóÖöíóÇÝóÇÊöåö¡ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú æóÞóÇÆöÚõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ ÝóßõáøõåóÇ ÏóÇáøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÏúÑö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßö ãöäú ÔóÌóÇÚóÉö åóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÑóãö åóÐóÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÑõÈøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöåóÇ ãöËúáó (1) ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáöº áöÇÊøöÍóÇÏö áóÝúÙöåö æóãóÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÃóÓúÑóÚó ÍõÕõæáðÇ ãöäó ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö æóãóÇ ØóÇÈóÞóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇäöí¡ æóÅöäö ÇÊøóÍóÏó ãóÏúáõæáõåóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáÊøóÖóãøõäö¡ Ãóæö ÇáöÇáúÊöÒóÇãö¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÂÎöÑõ ÈóÇÈö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
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(1) ÕóæóÇÈõåõ - ãöäú(2/30)
[ÇáúÈóÇÈõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö]
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö]
[ãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÔóÑúÍö ãóÚúäóÇåõ]
æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóÞúÓóÇãò:
ÃóæøóáõåóÇ: ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóËóÇäöíåóÇ: ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ÔóÑóÇÆöØö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóËóÇáöËõåóÇ: ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏö ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö.
æóÑóÇÈöÚõåóÇ: ÇáäøóÙóÑõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èöåö æóãóÓóÇÆöáöåö.
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ
Ýöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö - æóíóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøöãóÉò æóãóÓóÇÆöáó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÞóÏøöãóÉõ¡ ÝóÝöí ÍóÞöíÞóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÔóÑúÍö ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
ÞóÇáó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ: ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÇáÙøóäøó¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõØøóÑöÏò æóáóÇ ãõäúÚóßöÓò (1) .
ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõØøóÑöÏò¡ ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó ãõÝöíÏñ áöáÙøóäøö¡ æóáóíúÓó åõæó ÎóÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏò. ÝóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ÇáúÍóÏøõ æóáóÇ ãóÍúÏõæÏó.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÚóßöÓò¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÎóÈóÑò. æóáóãú íõÝöÏö ÇáÙøóäøó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÝöÏö ÇáÙøóäøó ÝóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ÇáúãóÍúÏõæÏõ æóáóÇ ÍóÏøó. ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝó ÈöãóÇ ÃóÝóÇÏó ÇáÙøóäøó ÊóÚúÑöíÝñ ÈöáóÝúÙò ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏò Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÇáøóÐöíäó íóÙõäøõæäó Ãóäøóåõãú ãõáóÇÞõæ ÑóÈøöåöãú} Ãóíú: íóÚúáóãõæäó æóÈóíøöäó ÊóÑóÌøõÍó ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóØúÚò.
æóÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÕöíóÇäóÊõåóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑößóÉö áöÅöÎúáóÇáöåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÝóÇåõãö æóÇÝúÊöÞóÇÑöåóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉö.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÊóåò Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóåõæó ãõäúÞóÓöãñ: Åöáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáÙøóäøó ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÊóÞóÇÈóáóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊõ Úóáóì ÇáÓøóæóÇÁö¡ æóÅöáóì ãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáÙøóäøó æóåõæó ÊóÑóÌøõÍõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö Çáúãõãúßöäóíúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóØúÚò.
ÝóÅöäú äóÞóáóåõ ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ÊóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Óõãøöí ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖðÇ ãóÔúåõæÑðÇ.
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(1) ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝõ ÇáúãõØøóÑöÏõº åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßõáøóãóÇ æõÌöÏó æõÌöÏó ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÝõ¡ æóÇáúãõäúÚóßöÓõ åõæó ÇáøóÐöí ßõáøóãóÇ æõÌöÏó ÇáúãõÚóÑøóÝõ æõÌöÏó ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝõ¡ æóãõÍóÕøöáöíåóÇ ãõÓóÇæóÇÉõ ÇáÊøóÚúÑöíÝö áöáúãõÚóÑøóÝö.(2/31)
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó ÝóáúäóÐúßõÑú ãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ æóåöíó ÓóÈúÚñ:
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÎóÈóÑò åóáú íõÝöíÏõ ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö. ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÎóÈóÑò¡ åóáú íõÝöíÏõ ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ (1) ÝóÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ëõãøó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó åóÄõáóÇÁö.
Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáÙøóäøö áóÇ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúíóÞöíäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÙøóäøõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÅöäú ÚóáöãúÊõãõæåõäøó ãõÄúãöäóÇÊò} Ãóíú: ÙóäóäúÊõãõæåõäøó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ áóßöäú ãöäú åóÄõáóÇÁö ãóäú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó ãõØøóÑöÏñ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò¡ ßóÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö æóåõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íõæÌóÏõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö áóÇ Ýöí Çáúßõáøö¡ æóÅöáóíúåö ÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó: Åöäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóäóÊú Èöåö ÞóÑöíäóÉñ¡ ßóÇáäøóÙøóÇãö¡ æóãóäú ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáóÊöåö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ áóÇ ÈöÞóÑöíäóÉò æóáóÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ.
æóíóãúÊóäöÚõ Ðóáößó ÚóÇÏóÉð Ïõæäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÎóÑóÞó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÈöÃóäú íóÎúáõÞó Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì áóäóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò.
ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÐóáößó ÈöÍõÌóÌò æóÇåöíóÉò áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáúæóÇåöíóÉö Þóæúáõåõãú: áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö áóÃóÝóÇÏóåõ ßõáøõ ÎóÈóÑö æóÇÍöÏò¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ßóÇäó ßõáøõ ÎóÈóÑò ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò ßóÐóáößó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: åóÐóÇ ÞöíóÇÓñ ÊóãúËöíáöíøñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÝöíÏò áöáúÚöáúãö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö Åöäú Þöíáó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõßúÊóÓóÈò¡ ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóÎúáõÞóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì ÚöäúÏó ßõáøö ÊóæóÇÊõÑòº áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöãóÇ íóÔúÊóãöáõ Úóáóíúåö ãöäú ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉò Èöåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ áöãóÕúáóÍóÉò (2) ßóãóÇ íóÔóÇÁõ æóíóÎúÊóÇÑõ¡ æóãöËúáõ Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò Ýöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÇÏöíó ÚóÔóÑó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÍúßóÇãö Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö áöÇÈúäö ÍóÒúãò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúãóæúÕöáöíøõ ÂÎöÑó ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇäöí ãöäú ãõÎúÊóÕöÑö ÇáÕøóæóÇÚöÞö ÇáúãõÑúÓóáóÉö áöÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÞóÝøóÚö ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ æóÅöÝóÇÏóÊöåóÇ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö Ýöí ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Ãóäøó ÌóãöíÚó ÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö æóÊóÔúÑöíÚöåö ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö áößóãóÇáö Úöáúãöåö æóÍößúãóÊöåö æóÓóÚóÉö ÑóÍúãóÊöåö æóÚóÙöíãö ßóÑóãöåö æóÅöÍúÓóÇäöåö.(2/32)
æóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ äóÙóÑöíøñ ãõßúÊóÓóÈñ¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó ãöäó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁö ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊöæóÇÁõ ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÊóÃúËöíÑóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Ýöí ÇáäøõÝõæÓö ÈöÍóÓóÈö ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑö¡ æóáóÇ äóÌöÏõ Ýöí ÃóäúÝõÓöäóÇ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏöº æóÅöäú ÈóáóÛó ÇáúÛóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ Óöæóì ÊóÑóÌøõÍö ÕöÏúÞöåö Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóØúÚò¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò áöáúÚöáúãö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÚúÝöº áöÃóäøó ÍóÇÕöáóåóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ãóÍúÖö ÇáÏøóÚúæóì Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÏóáóÇáóÉò¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåöíó ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉñ ÈöãöËúáöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáúÎóÕúãõ: æóÃóäóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ Ýöí äóÝúÓóíö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÐóáößó.
æóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ áóãóÇ ÑõæÚöíó Ýöíåö ÔóÑúØõ ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóÍóÇÕöáõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö¡ ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúíóÞöíäö. Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑöº áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÌúÑóì ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÈöÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÚöäúÏóåõ Åöäú Þöíáó Åöäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÖóÑõæÑöíøñ¡ æóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãò Ýöí ÎóáúÞöåö ÚöäúÏó ÎóÈóÑö ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãõÓúáöãò æóáóÇ ÚóÏúáò¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åõæó ÊóæóÇÊõÑñ ãõÔúÊóãöáñ Úóáóì ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ Åöäú Þöíáó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ßóÓúÈöíøñ¡ æóÎóÈóÑõ ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöãõÓúáöãò æóáóÇ ÚóÏúáò ÛóíúÑõ ãõÔúÊóãöáò Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãöÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÃóÑúÈóÚõ ÍõÌóÌò:
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö¡ Ýóáóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó ËöÞóÉñ ÂÎóÑõ ÈöÖöÏøö ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÎóÈóÑõ ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò íóßõæäõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö áóÒöãó ÇÌúÊöãóÇÚõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö æóÈöäóÞöíÖöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÎóÈóÑõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãõÚóíøóäò. ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóíúÓó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÊóÓóÇæöíåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõÚóíøóäðÇ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö¡ Èóáú ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÑøóÏúäóÇ ÇáäøóÙóÑó Åöáóíúåö¡ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ÛóíúÑó ãõÝöíÏò áöáúÚöáúãö áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÝöíÏõ áöáúÚöáúãö åõæó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÂÎóÑö.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÒöíøóÉó áöÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÍóÊøóì íõÞóÇáó ÈöÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö¡ Ïõæäó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö (1) .
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(1) áöãóäú íóÑóì ÅöÝóÇÏóÉó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚöáúãó Ãóäú íóÞõæáó åóÐóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÝóÑúÖò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÞóÏú ÊóãúäóÚõ ãöäú ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÚóÏúáò ÂÎóÑó ÈöÖöÏøö ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÇáËøöÞóÉõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ãöËúáö ÇáäøóÇÓöÎö æóÇáúãóäúÓõæÎö¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó ÚóÞóáðÇ¡ æóÞóÏú ÓóÈóÞó áöáúãõÄóáøöÝö Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑó áöáúãóÇäöÚöíäó ãöäú ÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÇáúÚöáúãó ãöËúáó åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö æóÑóÏøöåóÇ¡ æóíóÃúÊöí äóÙöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúãõÍúÊóÝøö ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö.(2/33)
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Åöäøó ßõáøó ÚóÇÞöáò íóÌöÏõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈóÚúÏó æóÇÍöÏò ÈöãóÎúÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò ÊóÒóíøóÏó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ ÈöÐóáößó ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö¡ æóáóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÝóÇáúÚöáúãõ ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÈöáò áöáÊøóÒóíøõÏö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ßóíúÝó íõÞóÇáõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÈöáò áöáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ÃóÌúáóì ãöäú ÈóÚúÖò æóÃóÙúåóÑó¡ ßóÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÃóÞúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãõßúÊóÓóÈö¡ æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÃóÚúíóÇäö ÃóÞúæóì ãöäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÊóÕóæøõÑó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáõæãö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ åöíó Úõáõæãñ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ äõÞúÕóÇäò¡ áöÇäúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáäøóÞöíÖö ÚóäúåóÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ßóÐóáößó áóãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÚõáõæãðÇ¡ Èóáú ÙõäõæäðÇ.
æóÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáäøóÙóÑöíøö æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáÖøóÑõæÑöíøö áóíúÓó Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóÚúáõæãö¡ Èóáú ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ãõÝúÊóÞöÑñ Ýöí ÍõÕõæáöåö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÃóÍóÏóåõãóÇ ÃóÓúÑóÚõ ÍõÕõæáðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ áöÊóæóÞøõÝöåö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÙóÑö.
æóÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÕóæøóÑò ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚóáøóÞóÇ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ãóÇ áóÇ íõÏúÑóßõ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö íóßõæäõ ãõÏúÑóßðÇ ÈöÇáúÚöíóÇäö æóÇáäøóÙóÑö (1) .
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ÈöäõÈõæøóÉö ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èößóæúäöåö äóÈöíøðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÍóÇÌóÉò Åöáóì ãõÚúÌöÒóÉò ÏóÇáøóÉò Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóáóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó áöáúÍóÇßöãö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÝúÊóÞöÑó ãóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÔóÇåöÏò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóáóÇ Åöáóì ÊóÒúßöíóÊöåö¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÛóíúÑõ ÞóÇÈöáò áöáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ (2) .
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊñ Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö ßóãøðÇ æóÞõæøóÉð¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóÝóÇæöÊñ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáöåö æóÝöí ÇáÓøõÑúÚóÉö æóÇáúÈõØúÁö Ýöí ÍõÕõæáöåö¡ æóÇáúæöÌúÏóÇäõ æóÇáúÝöØúÑóÉõ ÇáÓøóáöíãóÉõ ãöäú ÔóæóÇåöÏö Ðóáößó¡ æóÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÅöíãóÇäö æóäõÞúÕóÇäöåö ÊõÄóíøöÏõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö.
(2) áöáúãõÎóÇáöÝö Ãóäú íóãúäóÚó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãóÊóíúäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö Úóäú äõÈõæøóÉö äóÝúÓöåö ÈöáóÇ ãõÚúÌöÒóÉò ÏóÚúæóì ÔóíúÁò ÛóíúÑö ãóÃúáõæÝò Ýöí ÓõäøóÉö Çááøóåö ãóÚó ÎóáúÞöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÍóÊøóì ÊõÄóíøóÏó ÈöãóÇ íóÌúÚóáõåóÇ ÌóÇÑöíóÉð Úóáóì ÓõäøóÊöåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÚóåöÏóåõ ÇáúÈóÔóÑõ Ýöí ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö ÑõÓõáóåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÅöäúÓóÇäò ÚóÏúáò Úóäú ãöËúáöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ÝóáóåóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóÇÊñ ÃõÎúÑóì Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö æóÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÇÎúÊóáóÝó äöÕóÇÈõåóÇ ÈöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÈóÑóåõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÞóÕúÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöáúÍóÇßöãö¡ æóáöÐóÇ áóãú íóÌõÒú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÍúßõãó ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö Úöáúãöåö æóáóÇ ÈöÚöáúãò ÍóÕóáó áóåõ ãöäú ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÔóåóÇÏóÊóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáóÇËóÉò Ýöí ÞóÖöíøóÉö ÒöäðÇ¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó Ãóæö ÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäó¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò áöãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊó ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 34(2/34)
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÍóÕóáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö áóæóÌóÈó ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ãõÎóÇáöÝöåö ÈöÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö æóÊóÝúÓöíÞõåõ æóÊóÈúÏöíÚõåõ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ íõÈóÏøóÚõ ÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóíõÝóÓøóÞõ¡ æóáóßóÇäó ãöãøóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÃóäú íóãúÊóäöÚó ÇáÊøóÔúßöíßõ ÈöãóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóßõáøõ Ðóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúÃóËóÑö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ} äóåóì Úóäö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóáõÒõæãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö áóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ãõäúÚóÞöÏðÇ Úóáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáäøóÕøö æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú Ðóãøó Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó} ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóãóÇ íóÊøóÈöÚõ ÃóßúËóÑõåõãú ÅöáøóÇ ÙóäøðÇ Åöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó áóÇ íõÛúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÔóíúÆðÇ} Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãöº Èóáú áöáÙøóäøö¡ áóßõäøóÇ ãóÐúãõæãöíäó Úóáóì ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö áöãóÇ ÃóæúÌóÈóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóËõÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑöº áöÃóäøó ãóÇ ÌóÇÒó Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÌóÇÒó Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõåõ ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ áóãóÇ ÃõÈöíÍó ÞóÊúáõ ÇáúãõÞöÑøö ÈöÇáúÞóÊúáö Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö æóáóÇ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇËúäóíúäö Úóáóíúåö. æóáóãóÇ æóÌóÈóÊö ÇáúÍõÏõæÏõ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏöº áößóæúäö Ðóáößó ÞóÇÖöíðÇ Úóáóì Ïóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö æóÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö.
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(1) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ: ÊóáúÊóÒöãõ ÊóÎúØöÆóÉõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö æóäóÚúÐõÑõåõ ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ æóäõÝóÓøöÞõåõ æóäõÈóÏøöÚõåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÅöÒóÇáóÉö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íõÝóÓøóÞõ Ãóæú íõÈóÏøóÚõ ÈöãöËúáöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú ÊóÕöÍøó ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÊõåõ ÈöÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö áöÊóÝóÇæõÊöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóíõÞóÏøóãõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑõ áöÒöíóÇÏóÊöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÈóÇÞöí.(2/35)
æóÃóãøóÇ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÃóËóÑö¡ æóäóÎõÕøõ ãóÐúåóÈó ãóäú ÝóÑøóÞó Èóíúäó ÎóÈóÑò æóÎóÈóÑò ßóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ßóÑøóãó Çááøóåõ æóÌúåóåó¡ ÞóÇáó: " ãóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÃóÍóÏñ ÈöÍóÏöíËò ÅöáøóÇ ÇÓúÊóÍúáóÝúÊõåõ Óöæóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò " ÕóÏøóÞó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÞóØóÚó ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóåõæó æóÇÍöÏñ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÂíóÇÊõ¡ ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ðóáößó æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÞóÇØöÚñ¡ ÝóÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÚöáúãò¡ æóáóÇ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚðÇ áöáÙøóäøö (1) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóäúÚõ ãöäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÝöíãóÇ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ßóÇáöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏóÇÊö Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö ãöäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö æõÌõæÏö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Úóáóíúåö æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãòº áöÃóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÞóÏú íõÛóÇíöÑõ Íõßúãó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöÑóÇÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÝóãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÍúßóÇãó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áóÇ ÊõÈúäóì Úóáóì ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ æóÚóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÓøóáóÝö ÞóÈúáó æõÌõæÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóËóÑö¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóÏõáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÕóÏøóÞó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑòº ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö íóãöíäò¡ áöÍõÕõæáö Ùóäøöåö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö íóãöíäò Ïõæäó ÎóÈóÑö ÛóíúÑöåö áößóæúäö ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáÑøõÊúÈóÉö æóÚõáõæøö ÇáÔøóÃúäö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáËøöÞóÉö Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÉö íóãöíäö ÛóíúÑöåö æóÇáÊøóÕúÏöíÞö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö ÌóÇÆöÒñ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøõäõæäö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ ãóÚúáõæãðÇ.
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(1) ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåö Ýöíåö ÊóÓúáöíãñ áöáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóáóíúÓó Úóäúåõ ÝóáúíõÊóÃóãøóáú.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ Ãóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãöíøóÉö æóÇáÙøóäøöíøóÉö íóËúÈõÊõ Èöåö ÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ áóßöäú ÊóÊóÝóÇæóÊõ ÃóÍúßóÇãõåõãóÇ Ýöí ÞõæøóÉö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÈúáõÛõ ãöäó ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ÏóÑóÌóÉð ÊóÞúÊóÖöí ßõÝúÑó ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉó ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú Êóßõæäõ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóíóßúÊóÝöí ÈöÊóÎúØöÆóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö¡ æóãóäú ÊóÊóÈøóÚó ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÌóÏó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúËöáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊõæóÖøöÍõ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇ¡ æóæóÌóÏó ÌóãöíÚó ÇáØøóæóÇÆöÝö ÊóÓúÊóÏöáøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó Ýöí ÇáúÌóæóÇÈö Åöäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö ÇáúãóäúÝöíøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ) ãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ÇáÙøóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍó¡ æóÈöÇáÙøóäøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó) ÇáúÎóÑúÕó æóÇáÊøóÎúãöíäó.(2/36)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÌóæóÇÒõ æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ¡ ÝóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóÑöíäóÉó ÞóÏú ÊõÝöíÏõ ÇáÙøóäøó ãõÌóÑøóÏóÉð Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÅöäúÓóÇäðÇ íõßúËöÑõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÔóÎúÕò ãõÓúÊóÍúÓóäò¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóÙõäøõ ÍõÈøóåõ áóåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇÞúÊóÑóäó ÈöÐóáößó ãõáóÇÒóãóÊõåõ áóåõ¡ ÒóÇÏó Ðóáößó ÇáÙøóäøõ æóáóÇ íóÒóÇáõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÒóÇíõÏö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÎöÏúãóÊöåö áóåõ æóÈóÐúáö ãóÇ áóåõ æóÊóÛóíøõÑö ÍóÇáöåö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÍúÕõáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöÍõÈøöåö áóåõ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÒóÇíõÏö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÍóÊøóì íóÕöíÑó ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ.
æóßóÐóáößó ÚöáúãõäóÇ ÈöÎóÌóáö ãóäú åõÌöäó¡ æóæóÌóáö ãóäú ÎõæøöÝó¡ ÈöÇÍúãöÑóÇÑö åóÐóÇ æóÇÕúÝöÑóÇÑö åóÐóÇ.
æóÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö äóÚúáóãõ ÚöäúÏó ÇÑúÊöÖóÇÚö ÇáØøöÝúáö æõÕõæáó ÇááøóÈóäö Åöáóì ÌóæúÝöåö ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇãúÊöÕóÇÕöåö æóÇÒúÏöÑóÇÏöåö æóÍóÑóßóÉö ÍóáúÞöåö ãóÚó ßóæúäö ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ÔóÇÈøóÉð äõÝóÓóÇÁó æóÈöÓõßõæäö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÈóÚúÏó ÈõßóÇÆöåö¡ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÇáúãõÊóÖóÇÝöÑóÉõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåóÇ ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäú ÊóÞúÊóÑöäó ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÝöíÏö áöáÙøóäøö ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáÙøóäøö¡ ÞóÇÆöãóÉð ãóÞóÇãó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÎóÈóÑò ÂÎóÑó Èöåö¡ Ëõãøó áóÇ íóÒóÇáõ ÇáÊøóÒóÇíõÏõ Ýöí ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö Åöáóì Ãóäú íóÍúÕõáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÇáúÌóæóÇÒõ ÝóÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúæõÞõæÚö Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ Ãóäøó æóáóÏó Çáúãóáößö ÞóÏú ãóÇÊó¡ æóÇÞúÊóÑóäó ÈöÐóáößó ÚöáúãõäóÇ ÈöãóÑóÖöåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ãóÑöíÖó Ýöí ÏóÇÑö Çáúãóáößö ÓöæóÇåõ¡ æóãóÇ ÔóÇåóÏúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøõÑóÇÎö ÇáúÚóÇáöí Ýöí ÏóÇÑöåö¡ æóÇáäøóÍöíÈö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúÌöäóÇÒóÉö ãõÍúÊóÝøóÉð ÈöÇáúÎóÏóãö¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÑöí ÍóÇÓöÑóÇÊò ãõÈúÑöÍóÇÊò íóáúØõãúäó ÎõÏõæÏóåõäøó¡ æóíóäúÊöÝúäó ÔõÚõæÑóåõäøó¡ æóÇáúãóáößõ ãõãóÒøóÞõ ÇáËøóæúÈö ÍóÇÓöÑõ ÇáÑøóÃúÓö íóáúØõãõ æóÌúåóåõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÖúØóÑöÈõ ÇáúÈóÇáö¡ ãõÔóæøóÔõ ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäú ÚóÇÏóÊöåö ãöäó ÇáúÊöÒóÇãö ÇáúæóÞóÇÑö æóÇáúåóíúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÓúÈóÇÈö ÇáúãõÑõæÁóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ßõáøó ÚóÇÞöáò ÓóãöÚó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó¡ æóÔóÇåóÏó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäó íóÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö¡ æóíóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÕöÏúÞó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóæõÞõæÚó ãõÎúÈóÑöåö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ãóÚó ßóãóÇáö ÚóÞúáöåö æóÍõÈøöåö áöÍóíóÇÉö äóÝúÓöåö æóßóÑóÇåóÊöåö áöáúÃóáóãö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÃóÑúÛóÏö ÚöíÔóÉò¡ äóÇÝöÐõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÞóÇÆöãõ ÇáúÌóÇåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÊóáó ãóäú íõßóÇÝöÆõåõ ÚóãúÏðÇ ÚõÏúæóÇäðÇ¡ ÈöÂáóÉò íõÞúÊóáõ ãöËúáõåóÇ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÔõÈúåóÉò áóåõ Ýöí ÞóÊúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇäöÚó áóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÞöÕóÇÕö¡ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö ÚóÇÏóÉð.
æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ýöí ÌöæóÇÑö ÅöäúÓóÇäò ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÍóÇãöáñ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóåóÊú ãõÏøóÉõ ÍóãúáöåóÇ¡ ÝóÓóãöÚó ÇáØøóáúÞó ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÇáúÌöÏóÇÑö¡ æóÖóÌøóÉó ÇáäøöÓúæóÇäö Íóæúáó Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇãöáö¡ Ëõãøó ÓóãöÚó ÕõÑóÇÎó(2/37)
ÇáØøöÝúáö¡ æóÎóÑóÌó äöÓúæóÉñ íóÞõáúäó ÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú æóáóÏóÊú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÓúÊóÑöíÈõ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóíóÍúÕõáõ áóåõ ÇáúÚöáúãõ Èöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäúßóÇÑõ Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõ ÇáúãõäóÇÙóÑóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãõßóÇÈóÑóÉö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÇáúÍóÇÕöáõ ÈöãóæúÊö æóáóÏö Çáúãóáößö Ýöí ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖóÉö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ãöäú äóÝúÓö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ãóæú ãöäú äóÝúÓö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóæú ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ãóÚðÇ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäú ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÈöÔóÑúØö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóáóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ãóÚðÇ¡ áöÇÓúÊöÞúáóÇáö Êöáúßó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑóÉö ÈöÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáúãóæúÊö¡ ÓóæóÇÁñ æõÌöÏó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ãóæú áóãú íõæÌóÏú¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÕöáðÇ ãöäú äóÝúÓö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö æóáóÇ ÃóËóÑó áöáúÎóÈóÑö.
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö æõÞõæÚö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãõÌóÑøóÏðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÊøóÌöåóÉñ ÈöÚóíúäöåóÇ åóÇåõäóÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóÈóÈõ ãóÇ æõÌöÏó ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ãóæúÊó ÛóíúÑö æóáóÏö Çáúãóáößö ÝóÌúÃóÉð¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÖóãøó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈöãóæúÊö Ðóáößó ÇáúãóÑöíÖö ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ãóæúÊöåö ÂßóÏó ãöäö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ãóæúÊöåö ãóÚó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö (1) .
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõ áóÇÒöãóÉò ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóáöÃóäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ãóäö ÇÍúÊóÝøóÊú ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ¡ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÊóÕóæøõÑõ ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ãöËúáö Êöáúßó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ íóÞõæãõ ãóÞóÇãóåóÇ ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõäóÇÞöÖö áóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó äóÝúÓõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãõäóÇÞöÖðÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÇäöÚò ãöäú ÎóÈóÑò ÂÎóÑó ãõäóÇÞöÖò áóåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ ÝóáöÃóäøó ãóÇ äóÌöÏõåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÒóíøõÏö ÚöäúÏó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÍúÕõáö ÇáúÚöáúãõ Ýöíåö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÊóì ßóÇäó ÇáúÚöáúãõ ÞóÏú ÍóÕóáó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö
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(1) ÌóæóÇÈõåõ íóÔúãóáõ ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóÊóÃóßøóÏóÊú ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÅöáóíúåóÇ æóÕóÇÑó ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö Ãóæú áöÙóäøò ÃóÑúÌóÍó¡ æóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãõÝöíÏóÉð áöáúÚöáúãö ÝóÊóÃóßøóÏóÊú ÈöÖóãøö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÅöáóíúåóÇ.
(2) ãóÊøóì ÝõÑöÖó Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÇãúÊóäóÚó æõÑõæÏõ äóÞöíÖöåö Úóäú ÚóÏúáò ÂÎóÑó Úóáóì æóÌúåö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ ßóÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøóÊú Èöåö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäõ.(2/38)
ÝóÇáÊøóÒóíøõÏõ ãöäú Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÎóÈóÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóÑøóÏúäóÇ ÇáäøóÙóÑó Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÞóÑöíäóÉò¡ æóÌóÏúäóÇ ÃóäúÝõÓóäóÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÒöíÏõ ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÙøóäøõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ÈöÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÎóÈóÑö ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ÝóáöÃóäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöãõÎúÈóÑöåö¡ áóÒöãó ÊóÕúÏöíÞõ ãõÏøóÚöí ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö.
ÝóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöäõÈõæøóÊöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÝöíÏðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö Ïõæäó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÈöÞõæáöåö¡ æóÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÎóÈóÑñ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö (3) ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ Ðóáößó ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÈöÎóÈóÑò æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö åóáú íõÚúáóãõ ßóæúäóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöíåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÎóÈóÑò¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö¡ åóáú íõÚúáóãõ ßóæúäóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ Ýöíåö¿
ãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó Ðóáößó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÇÐöÈðÇ áóÃóäúßóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÞöÑøðÇ áóåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãõÍóÑøóãðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÛóíúÑó ÓóÇãöÚò áóåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÐóÇåöáñ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÅöäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÇáÓøóãóÇÚõ æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó ÓóãóÇÚóåõ áóåõ æóÚóÏóãó ÛóÝúáóÊöåö Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ÝóÇåöãðÇ áöãóÇ íóÞõæáõ¡ æóÅöäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö Ýóåúãõåõ áóåõ¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÇåöãðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáÏøöíäö¡ Ãóæö ÇáÏøõäúíóÇ: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÚóáøöÞðÇ ÈöÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÞõÏøöÑó ßóæúäõåõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú Èóíøóäóåõ áóåõ æóÚóáöãó Ãóäøó ÅöäúßóÇÑóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÈóíóÇäóåõ áóåõ ËóÇäöíðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãõäúÌöÚò Ýöíåö Ýóáóãú íóÑó Ýöí
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(1) Ýöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáúãó íóÞúÈóáõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ßóÇáÙøóäøö¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 34 Ì 2.
(2) áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉó ÈöáóÇ ãõÚúÌöÒóÉò Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÓõäøóÉö Çááøóåö Ýöí ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö ÑõÓõáóåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 34 Ì 2.
(3) ÛóÇíóÊõåóÇ Ðóáößó¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú íõæÌóÏõ ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö ÇáúÚöáúãó¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõØøóÑöÏò Ýöí ßõáøö ÎóÈóÑò¡ æóáóÇ áößõáøö ÃóÍóÏò¡ áöÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ýöí ÕöÝóÇÊö ÇáúÞóÈõæáö æóÊóÝóÇæõÊö ÇáÓøóÇãöÚöíäó Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ æóÈõÚúÏö ÇáäøóÙóÑö æóÏöÞøóÊöåö.(2/39)
ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉð¡ æóÑóÃóì ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉó Ýöí ÅöåúãóÇáöåö Åöáóì æóÞúÊò ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö¡ ÇÍúÊõãöáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐöÈõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÕóÛöíÑóÉð¡ æóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö Úóáóíúåö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÛöíÑóÉð Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÇäúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúØõæÚò Èöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÈóíøóäøóÇåõ Ýöí ßõÊõÈöäóÇ ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÉö.
åóÐóÇ¡ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÈöÃóãúÑò Ïöíäöíøò¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÈöÃóãúÑò Ïõäúíóæöíøò¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÚúáóãú Èößóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú Ùóäøó Úöáúãóåö Èöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈößóÐöÈöåö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ãöäó ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áöãóÇäöÚò¡ Ãóæú áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉó Ýöí ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö - ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑõ ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉò Úóáóì ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁöº ßóãóÇ Úõáöãó - æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú Ïóáøó Úóáóíúåö ÙóäøðÇ (1) .
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÎóÈóÑò Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ãõÍóÓøò Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò æóÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäú ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÎóÈóÑò Úóäú ÃóãúÑò ãõÍóÓøò Èóíúäó íóÏóíú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÚóÙöíãóÉò æóÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäú ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö ÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: Úõáöãó ãöäú Ðóáößó ÕöÏúÞõåõ áöÃóäøóåõ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÇÏóÉð Ãóäú áóÇ íóØøóáöÚó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÚóÇÏóÉð ÓõßõæÊõ ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö Úóäö ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ãóÚó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÃóãúÒöÌóÊöåöãú æóØöÈóÇÚöåöãú æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÏóæóÇÚöíåöãú. ÝóÍóíúËõ ÓóßóÊõæÇ Úóäö ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö æóáóíúÓó ÈöÍóÞøòº áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó áóåõãõ ÇØøöáóÇÚñ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó Èöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÚúáóãõæäó ßóæúäóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ æóáóÇ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ æóáóÇ æóÇÍöÏó ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ãöãøóÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇØøöáóÇÚó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÃóãúÑò áóãú íóØøóáöÚú Úóáóíúåö ÛóíúÑõåõ.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú Ãóæö ÇËúäóÇäö ßóÐöÈóåõ¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ áóÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÓõßõæÊó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö Úóäú ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóÚúáóãó Çáúßõáøõ ÈößóÐöÈöåö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãóäóÚóåõãú ãöäú ÊóßúÐöíÈöåö¡ æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáúÞóØúÚõ ÈöÊóÕúÏöíÞöåö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞõåõ ãóÙúäõæäðÇ.
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(1) Åöäú Ïóáøó ÚóÏóãõ ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞö ÞóÇÆöáöåö íóÞöíäðÇ æóáóæú ÈöãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö Ýóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ ÃóÞóáøó ãöäú Ãóäú íóÏõáøó Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáúãõÄóáøöÝõ ÂÎöÑó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇÝò Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó ÞóÑöíÈðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉö¡ æóÅöÐúäõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÔúÑõæÚñ Úóáóì ßöáóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö.(2/40)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì æóÇÍöÏñ ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ãõÌúãöÚóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì æóÇÍöÏñ ÎóÈóÑðÇ¡ æóÑóÃóíúäóÇ ÇáúÃõãøóÉó ãõÌúãöÚóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ¡ ÞóÇáó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ ßóÃóÈöí åóÇÔöãò æóÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ Åöäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóãóáõåõãú ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ÎóØóÃð¡ æóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÌúÊóãöÚõ Úóáóì ÇáúÎóØóÃö æóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÊóãóáö Ãóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÚúãóáõæÇ Èöåö¡ Èóáú ÈöÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú Èöåö¡ æóÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÈöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Úóãóáö Çáúßõáøö Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÞóØúÚðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÙúäõæäó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö¡ ÝóÇáúÃõãøóÉõ ãõßóáøóÝóÉñ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõæÌöÈöåö¡ æóÚóãóáõåõãú ÈöãõæÌöÈöåö ãóÚó ÊóßúáöíÝöåöãú ÈöÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÎóØóÃð¡ áöÃóäøó ÎóØóÃóåõãú ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÈöÊóÑúßöåöãú áöãóÇ ßóáøóÝõæÇ Èöåö¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ äóåóæúÇ Úóäúåõ.
æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö ÝóÕöÏúÞõåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÙúäõæäðÇ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóæú Ñóæóì æóÇÍöÏñ ÎóÈóÑðÇ¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöíåö Úóáóì Þóæúáóíúäö¡ ÝóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÚóãöáóÊú ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ æóØóÇÆöÝóÉñ ÇÔúÊóÛóáóÊú ÈöÊóÃúæöíáöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÚóãöáóÊú ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ áóÚóáøóåóÇ áóãú ÊóÚúãóáú Èöåö¡ Èóáú ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÚóÇãöáóÉð Èöåö¡ ÝóÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáöåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ßóæúäóåõ ÕóÇÏöÞðÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÊóßúáöíÝöåöãú ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ æóÌóÏó ÔóíÆÇ ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö æÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÎóáúÞö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ áóæú æõÌöÏó ÔóíúÁñ ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö áóÊóæóÝøóÑóÊö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ãõÎúÈöÑñ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúÎóáöíÝóÉó ÈöÈóÛúÏóÇÏó ÞõÊöáó Ýöí æóÓóØö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóáóãú íõÎúÈöÑú ÈöÐóáößó ÃóÍóÏñ ÓöæóÇåõ ÝóÐóåóÈó Çáúßõáøõ Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáÔøöíÚóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÍóÞøõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÞóÏú ÑóßøóÒó Ýöí ØöÈóÇÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ãöäú ÊóæúÝöíÑö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáö ãóÇ Úóáöãõæåõ¡ æóÇáÊøóÍóÏøõËö ÈöãóÇ ÚóÑóÝõæåõ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó áóÊõÍöíáó ßöÊúãóÇäó ãóÇ áóÇ íõÄúÈóåõ áóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäú ÕöÛóÇÑö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúÞóáöíáö¡ ÝóßóíúÝó Úóáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÚóÙóÇÆöãö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö æóãõåöãøóÇÊöåóÇ¡ æóÇáäøõÝõæÓõ ãõÔúÑóÆöÈøóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö¡ æóÝöí äóÞúáöåö ÕóáóÇÍñ áöáúÎóáúÞö¡ Èóáö ÇáÓøõßõæÊõ Úóäú äóÞúáö Ðóáößó æóÅöÔóÇÚóÊöåö Ýöí ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áóåõ ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäú ÅöÍóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö áöÓõßõæÊöåöãú æóÊóæóÇØõÆöåöãú Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáö æõÌõæÏö ãóßøóÉó æóÈóÛúÏóÇÏó.
Ýóáóæú ÌóÇÒó ßöÊúãóÇäõ Ðóáößó áóÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íõæÌóÏó ãöËúáõ ãöÕúÑó æóÈóÛúÏóÇÏó æóáóãú íõÎúÈöÑú ÃóÍóÏñ(2/41)
ÚóäúåõãóÇ æóÐóáößó ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÇÏóÉð (1) .
æóÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇ ßóÐöÈó ãóäö ÇÏøóÚóì ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÇáÊøóäúÕöíÕó Úóáóì ÅöãóÇãò ÈöÚóíúäöåö¡ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóæú æõÌöÏó Ðóáößó áóÔóÇÚó æóÊóæóÝøóÑóÊö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö (2) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì ßöÊúãóÇäö ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÊóÍóÞøóÞö ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊúãóÇäö ãõÚóÇÑöÖðÇ áöÏóÇÚöí ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÚúÏó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ÅöãøóÇ áöÛóÑóÖò æóÇÍöÏò íóÚõãøõ Çáúßõáøó äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ãóÕúáóÍóÉò ÊóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúßõáøö Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáúæöáóÇíóÉö æóÅöÕúáóÇÍö ÇáúãóÚöíÔóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÎóæúÝò æóÑóåúÈóÉò ãöäú ÚóÏõæøò ÛóÇáöÈò æóãóáößò ÞóÇåöÑò¡ Ãóæú áöÃóÛúÑóÇÖò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¡ ßõáøõ ÛóÑóÖò áöæóÇÍöÏò¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇáúæõÞõæÚõ.
æóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÕóÇÑóì ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú ßóËúÑóÉð ÊóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÕúÑö¡ áóãú íóäúÞõáõæÇ ßóáóÇãó ÇáúãóÓöíÍö Ýöí ÇáúãóåúÏö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ÃóÚúÌóÈö ÍóÇÏöËò ÍóÏóËó Ýöí ÇáúÃóÑúÖö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÚúÙóãö ãóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö æóÅöÔóÇÚóÊöåö æóäóÞóáõæÇ ãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó äóÞóáõæÇ ÃóÚúáóÇãó ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóáóãú íóäúÞõáõæÇ ÃóÚúáóÇãó ÔõÚóíúÈò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÂÍóÇÏó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó ÞóÏö ÇäúÝóÑóÏõæÇ ÈöäóÞúáö ãóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö ãóÚó ÔõíõæÚöåö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö¡ ßóäóÞúáö ãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãöäú ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊöåö¡ ßóÇäúÔöÞóÇÞö ÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ æóÊóÓúÈöíÍö ÇáúÍóÕóÇ Ýöí íóÏöåö¡ æóäóÈúÚö ÇáúãóÇÁö ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö¡ æóÍóäöíäö ÇáúÌöÐúÚö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÊóÓúáöíãö ÇáúÛóÒóÇáóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóßóÏõÎõæáö ãóßøóÉó ÚóäúæóÉð Ãóæú ÕõáúÍðÇ¡ æóÊóËúäöíóÉö ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏöåóÇ¡ æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏöåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ æóÞöÑóÇäöåö æóäößóÇÍöåö áöãóíúãõæäóÉó æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ æóÞóÈõæáöåö áöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö æóÍúÏóåõ Ýöí åöáóÇáö ÑóãóÖóÇäó¡ æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóÇáúÌóåúÑö ÈöÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì.
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(1) ãõÞúÊóÖóì Ïóáöíáöåö ÅöÍóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ßöÊúãóÇäõ ãóÇ ÊóæóÝøóÑóÊö ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö ÕõÏúÝóÉð Ãóæú ÊóæóÇØõÄðÇ¡ áóÇ æõÌõæÈó äóÞúáöåö ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöÝóÇÖóÉð ßóãóÇ åöíó ÇáÏøóÚúæóì¡ æóÚóáóíúåö ÝóáóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ äóÞúáõ æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæö ÇËúäóíúäö Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó æóÅöÔóÇÚóÊõåõãóÇ ÅöíøóÇåõ ãóÚó ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóÞóÏú íóÓúÊóÝöíÖõ äóÞúáõåõ ÈóÚúÏõ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö " ÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÇÊö " æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöãøóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈóíóÇäõåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
(2) ÃóÞõæáõ áóæú æõÌöÏó Ðóáößó áóäõÞöáó¡ æóáóæú ãöäú ØóÑöíÞò æóÇÍöÏò ÕóÍöíÍò¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÕöÍøó äóÞúáõåõ æóáóæú ÂÍóÇÏðÇ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö.(2/42)
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÊøöÝóÇÞó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Úóáóì ßöÊúãóÇäö ãóÇ íóÌúÑöí Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáúÚóÙöíãóÉö.
Þóæúáõåõãú Ðóáößó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íõæÌóÏö ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊúãóÇäö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊõÍöíáõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúßóËöíÑö Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúßöÊúãóÇäö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøóÇÚöí Åöáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÅöáóì Ãóßúáö ØóÚóÇãò æóÇÍöÏò Ýöí íóæúãò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÕõæóÑö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏö.
ÃóãøóÇ ßóáóÇãõ ÚöíÓóì Ýöí ÇáúãóåúÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ Êóæóáøóì äóÞúáóåõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõº áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÊóßóáøóãú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö äóÝóÑò íóÓöíÑò¡ ÍóíúËõ áóãú íóßõäú ÃóãúÑõåõ ÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÃúäõåõ ÞóÏö ÇÔúÊõåöÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÉò æóáóÇ äõÈõæøóÉò¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÅöÍúíóÇÁö ÇáúãóíøöÊö¡ æóÅöÈúÑóÇÁö ÇáúÃóßúãóåö æóÇáúÃóÈúÑóÕö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó æóÞúÊó ÇÔúÊöåóÇÑöåö æóÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö¡ ãõÓúÊóÏöáøðÇ ÈöÐóáößó Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóÊóØóáøõÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóíúåö æóÇãúÊöÏóÇÏö ÇáúÃóÚúíõäö Åöáóì ãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåö¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó áóãú íóÞóÚö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõåõãú Úóáóì ßöÊúãóÇäöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóÚúáóÇãõ ÔõÚóíúÈò æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íõäúÞõáúº áöÃóäøóåõãú áóãú íóÏúÚõæÇ ÍóÊøóì íóÓúÊóÏöáøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö (1) ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÇäó áóåõãú ÔóÑöíÚóÉñ ÇäúÝóÑóÏõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ßóÇäõæÇ íõÏúÚóæúäó Åöáóì ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ãóäú ÞóÈúáóåõãú ãöäó ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ ßóÏóÚúæóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö æóÂÍóÇÏö ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö.
æóÃóãøóÇ äóÞúáõ ÈóÇÞöí ãõÚúÌöÒóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóæóáøóÇåõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõº áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ÔóíúÁñ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãóÇ ÌóÑóì ãöäúåõãú ÈöÍõÖõæÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò íóÓöíÑóÉò¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ ÇäúÔöÞóÇÞõ ÇáúÞóãóÑö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇááøóíúáöíøóÉö æóÞóÚóÊú¡ æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Èóíúäó äóÇÆöãò æóÛóÇÝöáò Ýöí áóãúÍö ÇáúÈóÕóÑö¡ æóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇåõãú Åöáóì ÑõÄúíóÊöåö æóáóÇ äóÈøóåóåõãú Úóáóì
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚúæóì ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóÅöáóì ãóÏúíóäó ÃóÎóÇåõãú ÔõÚóíúÈðÇ) ÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóÚúãõæáóíö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÝö: (áóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáóäóÇ äõæÍðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö) æóÚóØúÝðÇ Úóáóì ãóÚúãõæáóíö ÇáúÅöÑúÓóÇáö ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö åõæÏò: (æóáóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáóäóÇ äõæÍðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãöåö) æóÇäúÙõÑúåóÇ ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÚó ÞöÕøóÉö ÔõÚóíúÈò Ýöí ÓõæÑóÉö ÇáÔøõÚóÑóÇÁö¡ æóÝöíåóÇ: (Åöäøöí áóßõãú ÑóÓõæáñ Ãóãöíäñ) ¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÝóÇíóÉó Ýöí ÅöÈúØóÇáö åóÐöåö ÇáÏøóÚúæóì¡ æóáóæú ÃóÌóÇÈó ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ áóãú ÊõäúÞõáö ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁð ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ æóáöáúÞõÑúÂäö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒö ÈöÑöÓóÇáóÊöåö áóßóÇäó ÃóÈúÚóÏó áóåõ Úóäö ÇáúãóÒóÇáöÞö.(2/43)
Ðóáößó Óöæóì ãóäú ÑóÂåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÝóÑö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö (1) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóãú ãöäú ÃóãúÑò ãóåõæáò íóÞóÚõ Ýöí Çááøóíúáö¡ ãöäú ÒóáúÒóáóÉò Ãóæú ÕóÇÚöÞóÉò Ãóæú ÑöíÍò ÚóÇÕöÝò Ãóæö ÇäúÞöÖóÇÖö ÔöåóÇÈò ÚóÙöíãò¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõ Èöåö Óöæóì ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö (2) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íõÑóÏøöÏõåõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ÚõãúÑöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúÚóÙöíãö Ýöí ÒóãóÇäöåö ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú Úóáöãóåõ æóÔóÇåóÏóåõ.
ÝóáöÐóáößó ÇÓúÊóÍóÇáó ÊóæóÇØõÄõåõãú Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö (3) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÏõÎõæáõ ãóßøóÉó¡ ÝóÞóÏú äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ¡ æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖñ ãóÔúåõæÑñ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÎóáóåóÇ ÚóäúæóÉð ãõÊóÓóáøöÍðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóáúæöíóÉö æóÇáúÃóÚúáóÇãö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáúÞóåúÑö æóÇáúÛóáóÈóÉö¡ ãóÚó ÈóÐúáö ÇáúÃóãóÇäö áöãóäú ÃóáúÞóì ÓöáóÇÍóåõ¡ æóÇÚúÊóÕóãó ÈöÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö æóÏóÇÑö ÃóÈöí ÓõÝúíóÇäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö áóãøóÇ ÇÔúÊóÈóåó Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó ÈöÃóÏóÇÁö ÏöíóÉö ãóäú ÞóÊóáóåõ ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ùóäøõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.
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(1) áóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÈöÕóÍöíÍò¡ ÝóÅöäøó Íóäöíäó ÇáúÌöÐúÚö ßóÇäó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÌóãúÚò ÚóÙöíãò Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÌöÏö¡ æóäóÈúÚó ÇáúãóÇÁö ãöäú Èóíúäö ÃóÕóÇÈöÚöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ÈöÍóÖúÑóÉö ÇáúÌóíúÔö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÊóÝóÚõæÇ ÈöÇáúãóÇÁö ÔõÑúÈðÇ æóØóåóÇÑóÉð æóÊóÒóæøóÏõæÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÒóÇáóÊú Èöåö ÔöÏøóÊõåõãú¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó äõÞöáó ÂÍóÇÏðÇ.
(2) ãóÊøóì Óóáöãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóãóÑó ÇäúÔóÞøó¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÂíóÉñ ÞõÕöÏó ÈöåóÇ ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö Ãóæú ÊóÞúæöíóÊõåóÇ¡ ÇÓúÊóÍóÇáó Ýöí ÍößúãóÉö Çááøóåö ÓõÈúÍóÇäóåõ Ãóäú íóÝúÚóáó Ðóáößó æóÇáäøóÇÓõ Èóíúäó äóÇÆöãò æóÛóÇÝöáò ãõÏøóÉó áóãúÍö ÇáúÈóÕóÑö¡ Ïõæäó ÏóÚúæóÉò áöÑõÄúíóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊóäúÈöíåò áöãõÔóÇåóÏóÊöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÔóÇåöÏõåõ ßóËöíÑðÇ¡ æóíõÄóíøöÏõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ äõÞöáó äóÞúáðÇ ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖðÇ¡ Èóáú ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑðÇ ãóÚúäðì æóÅöäú áóãú íóÊóæóÇÊóÑú áóÝúÙðÇ¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ Åöäøó ßóËöíÑðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇÓúÊóÛúäóì ÈöÐößúÑöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö Úóäú äóÞúáöåö. æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÒøóáóÇÒöáö æóÇáÔøõåõÈö æóäóÍúæöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ Óõäóäñ ßóæúäöíøóÉñ ÚóÇãøóÉñ ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑóÊú áößóËúÑóÊöåóÇ ÚóÇÏöíøóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÈöåóÇ ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÑöÓóÇáóÉò Ãóæú ÊóÞúæöíóÊóåóÇ¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ÇÎúÊóáóÝó ÃóãúÑõåõãóÇ ÚóãøóÇ äóÍúäõ ÈöÕóÏóÏöåö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáÔøóÇÐøõ ãöäúåóÇ ÇáøóÐöí íóÓúÊóÑúÚöí ÇáúÃóäúÙóÇÑó ÞóÏú íõäúÞóáõ äóÞúáðÇ ãõÓúÊóÝöíÖðÇ.
(3) ÇÓúÊöÍóÇáóÉõ ÇáÊøóæóÇØõÄö Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÇáäøóÞúáö ÊõÕóÏøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ ßóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóÇÓúÊöÝóÇÖóÉð ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÝóÊúÍö ãóßøóÉó ÚóäúæóÉð¡ æóÂÍóÇÏðÇ æóåõæó ßóËöíÑñ ÍóÊøóì ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ æóÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåöº ÅöÐö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÍöíáõ ÃóáøóÇ ÊóäúÞõáóåõ ÃóÕúáðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ åõæó ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö.(2/44)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÊóËúäöíóÉõ ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏõåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÄóÐøöäó ßóÇäó íõÝúÑöÏõ ÊóÇÑóÉð¡ æóíõËóäøöí ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóäóÞóáó ßõáøñ ÈóÚúÖó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ æóÃóåúãóáó ÇáúÈóÇÞöíó áöÚöáúãöåö ÈöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö ÇáúãõÊóÓóÇãóÍö ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÌóåúÑö ÈöÇáÊøóÓúãöíóÉö æóÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÝúÑóÇÏõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÞöÑóÇäõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÌøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõ¡ áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÉö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÙõåõæÑõåõ æóãõäóÇÏóÇÉõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Èöåö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ äößóÇÍõåõ ãóíúãõæäóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÍóÑóÇãñ¡ ÝóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÅöÙúåóÇÑõåõ¡ Èóáú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú æóÞóÚó Ðóáößó ÈöãóÍúÖóÑö ÌóãóÇÚóÉò íóÓöíÑóÉò¡ ÝóáöÐóáößó ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö æóÍúÏóåõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ åá íÌæÒ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö (2) æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó.
æóÏóáöíáõ ÌóæóÇÒöåö ÚóÞúáðÇ: ÃóäøóÇ áóæú ÝóÑóÖúäóÇ æõÑõæÏó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÈöÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ áóãú íóáúÒóãú Úóäúåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ãõÍóÇáñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÚúäðì áöáúÌóÇÆöÒö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøö Óöæóì Ðóáößó.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ íõÞóÏøóÑõ Ýöí ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ßóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ãóæú ãõÎúØöÆðÇ.
æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö Èöåö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöäóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏóíúäö¡ ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö Úóáóì ÇáúãõÝúÊöí æóÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóÇ Èöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóæú æóÑóÏó ÇáÔøóÑúÚõ ÈöÐóáößó áóãú íóáúÒóãú Úóäúåõ áöÐóÇÊöåö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãõÍóÇáðÇ áöÐóÇÊöåö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÍóÇáñ ÚóÞúáðÇ ÈöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú ÐóÇÊöåö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó
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(1) íõÌóÇÈõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÝúÑóÇÏö æóÇáÊøóãóÊøõÚö æóÇáúÞöÑóÇäö ßóãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáäøöíøóÉö - æóåöíó ÎóÝöíøóÉñ - íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáÊøóáúÈöíóÉö æóåöíó ãöãøóÇ íõÌúåóÑõ Èöåö ãöäú ÃóÐúßóÇÑö ÇáúÍóÌøö. íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÕöÝóÉö ÍóÌøóÊöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãöäö ÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÈöØóÑóÝò ãöäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÇÊö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó äõÞöáóÊú ÊóÝóÇÕöíáõåõ ÂÍóÇÏðÇ ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÎõÐõæÇ Úóäøöí ãóäóÇÓößóßõãú " æóãöãøóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó íóÊóÈóíøóäõ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö äõÞöáó ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÂÍóÇÏðÇ¡ æóÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ ÇÓúÊöÝóÇÖóÉð Ãóæú ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ ãóÚó ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÌóãöíÚö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 171 Ì 1.(2/45)
ÇáÊøóßóÇáöíÝó ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö æóÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãóÝóÇÓöÏö¡ Ýóáóæú ÊóÚóÈøóÏúäóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÎóÈóÑò Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÈöÓóÝúßö Ïóãò¡ æóÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇáö ÈõÖúÚò ãõÍóÑøóãò¡ ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóæúäöåö ßóÇÐöÈðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì Þóæúáöåö ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ Èóáú ãóÍúÖõ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉò¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ æóÖúÚö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇãúÊõäöÚó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏöº æóãóÚúäóÇåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏóíúäö¡ ÝóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøõáúÍõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÝóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÈúÚóÏó.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó íóÞúÊóÖöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÔóÑúÚò ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÏóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ÔóÑúØñ áóÇ ãõËúÈöÊñ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÚöäúÏóßõãú Ïóáöíáñ ãõËúÈöÊñ áöáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö.
Ëõãøó æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞöíÖöåö¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóäúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ¡ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÅöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó áóÇ íõÛúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÔóíúÆðÇ} .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ¡ Ýóãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÚöäúÏó ÙóäøöäóÇ ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóæúäöåö ãóÕúáóÍóÉð¡ áóÌóÇÒó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóäö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó Ïõæäó ÇÞúÊöÑóÇäö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ áóÌóÇÒó æõÑõæÏõ ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö Èöåö Ýöí
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(1) ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÝøóÑó Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÔõÑõæØõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ÇáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉõ ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ßóÐöÈöåö áóÛúæñ¡ æóÚóáóì Ðóáößó íóßõæäõ ÓóÝúßõ ÇáÏøöãóÇÁö æóÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇáõ ÇáúÝõÑõæÌö æóäóÍúæõåõãóÇ ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏðÇ Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÕúáóÍóÉð¡ æóáóÇ ãóÝúÓóÏóÉó ÊóÔõæÈõåõ¡ ÝóÖúáðÇ Úóäú Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÝúÓóÏóÉð ãóÍúÖóÉð¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÝóáöÑõÌúÍóÇäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÛóáóØö Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú ÊóÓóÇæöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊõ áóÇ áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ðóáößó æóáóæú ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ.(2/46)
ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó (1) .
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ Èöåö Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÞóÏú ÊóÊóÚóÇÑóÖõ¡ Ýóáóæú æóÑóÏó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ¡ áóßóÇäó æóÇÑöÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ÖóÑõæÑóÉó ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÑöÚóÇíóÉö ÇáúãóÕóÇáöÍö Ýöí ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóÃóÝúÚóÇáöåö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò Úóáóì ãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúßóáóÇãöíøóÇÊö (2) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöæõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøõåõæÏö (3) æóÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑõæÞö ÝóÈóÇØöáóÉñ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóØøóÑöÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãõÊóÚóáøöÞóÉö ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íóäúÊóÞöÖõ ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÌúÑöí Ýöíåö ÇáÕøõáúÍõ¡ ßóÇáÏøöãóÇÁö æóÇáúÝõÑõæÌö (4) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ßóãóÇ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÃóãúÑò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ ßóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉö æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ íóÓúÊóáúÒöãõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊó ÃóãúÑò ÔóÑúÚöíøò¡ æóåõæó æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÞóÊúáö æóÇáúÞóØúÚö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÝóÑúÞó Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ÚöäúÏó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ãöäú Ïóáöíáò íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
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(1) æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ åóÐöåö ÕõÛúÑóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóåöíó ãóãúäõæÚóÉñ¡ ÝóÅöäøóÇ äóáúÊóÒöãõ ÌóæóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøöíäö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝõæäó Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊóÏóáøõæÇ Èöåö Ýöí Úöáúãö ÇáúßóáóÇãö æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁõ ßõÊõÈöåöãú. ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 282 ãöäú Ì 1. æóÕ 257 Ì 20 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 91 - 94 - 104 ãöäú Ì 1.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 91 - 94 - 104 ãöäú Ì 1.
(4) ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÕóÍöíÍñ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó Ýöí ÇáÊøóãúËöíáö ÈöÇáÏøöãóÇÁö äóÙóÑðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ÞóÏú íóÌúÑöí ÝöíåóÇ ÇáÕøõáúÍõ.(2/47)
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ ÈöãõæÌöÈöåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóæõÌõæÈö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöÏóáöíáò ãóÞúØõæÚò Èöåö¡ ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúÚöáúãö ÈöÐóáößó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÕõæãö Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåöãõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÅöÐú åõæó ãóÚúáõæãñ ÈöÏóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÙúäõæäðÇ áóåõãú¡ ÝóÇáúÂíóÇÊõ ãõÔúÊóÑößóÉõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóßóãóÇ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÚóÏóãö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖóÊú ÌöåóÇÊõ ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÓóáöãó áóäóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ (1) .
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ äóÞõæáõ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÛóíúÑó æóÇÞöÚò (2) .
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÇÊö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ÚóÇãøñ áöáúßõáøö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ÎóÇÕøñ Èößõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÇãøõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÅöáúÒóÇãðÇ ÚóáóíúäóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Ýóåõæó áóÇÒöãñ Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏóíúäö æóÇáúãõÝúÊöí¡ ÝóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÈõåõãú Úóäúåõ íóßõæäõ ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áóäóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ íóÎõÕøõ ßõáøó ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉò: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: åõæó Ãóäøó ÏóÚúæóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóäõÒõæáó ÇáúæóÍúíö Åöáóíúåö ãöäú ÃóäúÏóÑö ÇáúÃóÔúíóÇÁö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÞúÊóÑöäú ÈöÏóÚúæóÇåõ ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóØúÚó ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö ÝóáóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÌóæóÇÈñ ÌóÏóáöíøñ ÅöáúÒóÇãöíøñ íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÅöÓúßóÇÊõ ÇáúÎóÕúãö áóÇ ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáúÍóÞøö¡ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÌóÇÈó ÈöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ) ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: (æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó) ãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßó ÇáúÌóÇÒöãó æóÇáÙøóäøó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍó¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáÙøóäøö Ýöí Þóæúáöåö: (Åöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó áóÇ íõÛúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÔóíúÆðÇ) ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: (Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó) ÇáúÎóÑúÕõ æóÇáÊøóÎúãöíäõ æóÇáúæóåúãõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóíúåö.
(2) åóÐóÇ ãõÌóÑøóÏõ ÝóÑúÖò¡ æóÊóäóÒøõáò ãóÚó ÇáúÎóÕúãö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÛóáóÈóÉõ ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÏúÞö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö Åöäú ÍóÕóáóÊú Ýóåöíó ãöãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ãõÓúÊóäöÏñ ÍöíäóÆöÐò ÅöáóíúåóÇ áóÇ Åöáóì ãõÌóÑøóÏö ÎóÈóÑöåöãóÇ.(2/48)
Èóáö ÇáøóÐöí íõÌúÒóãõ Èöåö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ßóÐöÈõåõ¡ æóäóÍúäõ æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ãóäú íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÌóæóÇÒó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÞóæúáö ãóäú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ßóÐöÈõåõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: åõæó ÃóäøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÌóæøóÒúäóÇ æõÑõæÏó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝóæõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö áóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóÓúÊóäöÏó Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈò Ãóæú ÓõäøóÉò Ãóæú ÅöÌúãóÇÚò¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉöº ÅöÐóÇ áóãú ÊóÞúÊóÑöäú ÈöÞóæúáöåö ãõÚúÌöÒóÉñ ÊóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Ýóáóæú ÈõÚöËó ÑóÓõæáñ¡ æóÙóåóÑóÊö ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó: ãóåúãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑóßõãú ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÈöÃóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÈöÔóÑöíÚóÉò¡ æóÙóäóäúÊõãú ÕöÏúÞóåõ¡ ÝóÇÚúãóáõæÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóäóÏó æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Åöáóì Ïóáöíáò ÞóÇØöÚò¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÇáÕøóÇÏöÞö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ (1) .
ÞõáúäóÇ: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ¡ ãóÚó ÝóÑúÖö åóÐóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ Ëõãøó ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö åõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉó ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉó ãöäú ÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÚúÌöÒóÉò ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
æóÐóáößóº áöÃóäøó ÑöÆóÇÓóÉó ÇáäøõÈõæøóÉö ÃóÚúÙóãõ ãöäú ßõáøö ÑöÆóÇÓóÉò¡ æóÑõÊúÈóÊóåóÇ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ßõáøö ÑõÊúÈóÉò¡ Ýóáóæú æóÑóÏó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ßõáøö ãõÏøóÚò áöáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõÚúÌöÒóÉò ÏóÇáøóÉò Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÓö ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú íóÓóáõßõ ÇáúãóÓóÇáößó ÇáúãõÛóáøöÈóÉó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞóåõ¡ æóíóÊóæóÎøóì ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö æóÇáúÃóÞúæóÇáö ãóÇ ÊóÙúåóÑõ Èöåö ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ¡ ØóãóÚðÇ Ýöí äóíúáö ãöËúáö åóÐöåö ÇáÑøöÆóÇÓóÉö ÇáúÚõÙúãóì ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÏóÚúæóÇåõ.
æóÐóáößó íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì Ãóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò íóÏøóÚöí äóÓúÎó ÔóÑöíÚóÉö ÇáúÂÎóÑö æóÑóÝúÚóåóÇ Úóáóì ÞõÑúÈò ãöäó ÇáÒøóãóÇäö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì ãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊóÍóÞøõÞó áöãöËúáöåóÇ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
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(1) åóÐóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÑõæÖö ÇáúãóãúÞõæÊóÉö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóäúÈóÛöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÑúÓóÇáõ ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÑúÊöíÈõ Íõßúãò ÚóáóíúåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÅöÌóÇÈóÉõ ÚóäúåóÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÈóÍúËó ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÍúËñ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö æóÇÞöÚò¡ æóÏõÎõæáñ ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúäöí.(2/49)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑó Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÞóØúÚõ æóÇáúíóÞöíäõ¡ æóáóÇ ÞóØúÚó Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãóÈúäöíøóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáÙøõäõæäö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ¡ ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäó ãõÚúÌöÒóÉõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉõ Úóáóì ÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ØóÑöíÞõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö ÞóÇØöÚðÇ¡ æóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóíúÓó ÈöÞóÇØöÚò¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ãöäúåóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÙóäøöíøóÉñ ÛóíúÑõ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõº ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖó Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑóíúäö áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ íõÑóÌøóÍõ ãöäúåóÇ.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÏú íõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÊøóÎúíöíÑö¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöãöËúáö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ æõÑõæÏö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöãóÇ Ãóãúßóäó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ.
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(1) ÃóÍúßóÇãõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ÃõÕõæáðÇ æóÝõÑõæÚðÇ æóÚóÞöíÏóÉð æóÚóãóáðÇ ßõáøñ ãöäúåóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ¡ æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Úóáóíúåö ÈöÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉð æóÂÍóÇÏðÇ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉð æóÙóäøöíøóÉð¡ Ýóãóäú Úóáöãó ÍõßúãðÇ ÚóÞöíÏóÉð ÃóæóÚóãóáðÇ ãöäú Ïóáöíáò ÞóØúÚöíøò Ãóæú Ùóäøöíøò æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóÇåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÓóÚõåõ ÅöáúÛóÇÄõåõ æóÇáúÅöÚúÑóÇÖõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÍöÓóÇÈõåõ Úóáóì Çááøóåö áóÇ íõßóáøöÝõ Çááøóåõ äóÝúÓðÇ ÅöáøóÇ æõÓúÚóåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóÊúÑõßõåóÇ ÓõÏðì ÝöíãóÇ ÈóáóÛóåóÇ. ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 282 Ì 1¡ æóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì Ì 19 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì áöÇÈúäö ÊóíúãöíøóÉó.(2/50)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÚóÞúáðÇ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇáøóÐöíäó ÞóÇáõæÇ ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÚóÞúáðÇ¡ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö:
Ýóãöäúåõãú ãóäú äóÝóÇåõº ßóÇáúÞóÇÓóÇäöíøö æóÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉö æóÇÈúäö ÏóÇæõÏó¡ æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÃóËúÈóÊóåõ.
æóÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöËõÈõæÊöåö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÃóÏöáøóÉó ÇáÓøóãúÚö ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóíúåö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö æõÞõæÚöåö ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ ÝóÃóËúÈóÊóåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò æóÇáúÞóÝøóÇáõ æóÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö (1) ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ßóËöíÑóÉñ.
æóäóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó. æóÝóÕóáó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ Èóíúäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáÏøóÇáøö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöåóÇ: ÝóãóäóÚó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÌóæøóÒóåõ Ýöí ÇáËøóÇäöí.
ÝóÃóãøóÇ ãóäú ÞóÇáó Èößóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð ÝóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøõæÇ ÈöÍõÌóÌò ÖóÚöíÝóÉò áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑöåóÇ¡ æóÇáÊøóäúÈöíåö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ Ëõãøó äóÐúßõÑõ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì: ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóåöíó ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóãóÏó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö æóåöíó Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÇáúÚõÞóáóÇÁõ íóÚúáóãõæäó æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÚúáóãõæÇ æõÌõæÈó Ðóáößó ÅöáøóÇ æóÞóÏú ÚóáöãõæÇ ÚöáøóÉó æõÌõæÈöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÚöáøóÉó áöÐóáößó Óöæóì Ãóäøóåõãú ÙóäøõæÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÌõãúáóÉò ãóÚúáõæãóÉò ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö.
æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÏú Úõáöãó ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö æõÌõæÈõ ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒö ãöäó ÇáúãóÖóÇÑøö æóÍõÓúäö ÇÌúÊöáóÇÈö ÇáúãóäóÇÝöÚö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÙóäóäøóÇ ÕöÏúÞó ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ÈöãóÖóÑøóÉò íóáúÒóãõäóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ äóÔúÑóÈó ÇáÏøóæóÇÁó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ äóÝúÕöÏó¡ æóÃóäú áóÇ äóÞõæãó ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÍóÇÆöØò ãõÓúÊóåúÏóãò¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÙóäóäøóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáðÇ áöãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåõ ÌõãúáóÉð ãöäú æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒö Úóäö ÇáúãóÖóÇÑøö.
æóÈóíóÇäõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚöáøóÉó áöáúæõÌõæÈö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÏóæóÑóÇäõåóÇ ãóÚóåóÇ æõÌõæÏðÇ æóÚóÏóãðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÚóíúäöåö ãóæúÌõæÏñ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãúäóÇ Ýöí
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(1) ÇáúÞóÝøóÇáõ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøö Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÇáúßóÈöíÑõ ÇáÔøóÇÔöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ æõáöÏó 291¡ æóãóÇÊó 365¡ æóÇÈúäõ ÓõÑóíúÌò ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÚóÈøóÇÓö ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÓõÑóíúÌò ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ ãóÇÊó 306¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáØøóíøöÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøõ ÃóáøóÝó ßöÊóÇÈó " ÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏö " Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãóÇÊó 263.(2/51)
ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö æõÌõæÈó ÇáöÇäúÞöíóÇÏö áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõäóÇ Èöåö ãöäú ãóÕóÇáöÍöäóÇ æóÏóÝúÚö ÇáúãóÖóÇÑøö ÚóäøóÇ.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÙóäóäøóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÞóÏú ÏóÚóÇäóÇ Åöáóì ÇáöÇäúÞöíóÇÏö áóåõ Ýöí ÝöÚúáò ÃóÎúÈóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóÕúáóÍóÉñ æóÎöáóÇÝõåõ ãóÖóÑøóÉñ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÙóäóäøóÇ ÊóÝúÕöíáó ãóÇ ÚóáöãúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö¡ Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÙóäóäøóÇ ÕöÏúÞõåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóÑúßöåö.
æóßóæúäõ ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúßö ÃóãúÑñ ÃóÚóãøõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈö áöÔõãõæáöåö áöáúãóäúÏõæÈö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈõ (1) .
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö æóÇÌöÈñ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÚöáøóÉó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÏøóæóÑóÇäö ÝóáóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãóÏóÇÑó ÚöáøóÉõ ÇáÏøóÇÆöÑö (2) áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÚöáøóÉõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ÛóíúÑó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäú Ùóäøö ÊóÝúÕöíáö ÌõãúáóÉò ãóÚúáõæãóÉò ÈöÇáúÚóÞúáö¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚöáøóÉõ ãóÚúäðÇ ãõáóÇÒöãðÇ áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ áóÇ äóÝúÓó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ.
æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãö ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö ÈöÌóæóÇÒö (3) Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÇáÊøóáóÇÒõãõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞöíøðÇ.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÚöáøóÉó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÚöáøóÉð Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö¡ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÎõÕõæÕõ ãóÇ Ùõäøó ÊóÝúÕöíáó ÌõãúáóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÇÊö ÏóÇÎöáðÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö¡ æóÊöáúßó ãõÍóÞøóÞóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö (4) .
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÚöáøóÉñ ÈöÌöåóÉö Úõãõæãöåö¡ áóßöäú ÞóØúÚðÇ Ãóæú ÙóäøðÇ: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ.
ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãóäúÞõæÖñ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ Ýöíåö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇäúÚóÞóÏó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö Ýöí
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(1) ÞóÏú íóßúÊóÝöí ÇáúãõÓúÊóÏöáøõ ÈöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ Ïóáöíáõåõ ãöäú ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö æõÌõæÈðÇ Ãóæú äóÏúÈðÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÊóÒöãõ Ýöí ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ÎõÕõæÕõ æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ æóÞóÏú íóáúÊóÒöãõ ÎõÕõæÕó ÇáúæõÌõæÈö æóíóßõæäõ Ïóáöíáõåõ ãõÍóÑøóÑðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Ýöí ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö ãóÖóÑøóÉñ¡ æóÚóáóì ßöáóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö áóÇ íõÑóÇÏõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ÎöáóÇÝó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ýöí ãóÓúáóßö ÇáÏøóæóÑóÇäö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÚöáøóÉö Èöåö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ ßõáøò Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö
(3) ÈöÌóæóÇÒö - áóÚóáøóåõ áöÌóæóÇÒö.
(4) åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖõ æóÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÄóËøöÑõ.(2/52)
ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö (1) .
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáöÇäúÊöÞóÇÖö¡ áóßöäú ÛóÇíóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáñ áöÞöíóÇÓò Ùóäøöíøò Ýöí ÅöÝóÇÏóÉö ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÇÊö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÃóÕúáðÇ ãöäú ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ðóáößó Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ãöËúáö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáØøõÑõÞö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò (2) .
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÕöÏúÞõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö ãõãúßöäñ¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóÚúãóáú Èöåö¡ áóßõäøóÇ ÊóÇÑößöíäó áöÃóãúÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÃóãúÑö ÑóÓõæáöåö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãóÇ íóÞúÊóÖöíåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÕóÏóÞó ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõãúßöäðÇ æóÑóÇÌöÍðÇ¡ Ýóáöãó ÞõáúÊõãú ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö (3) ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÞóæúáöåö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõäóÇÓöÈðÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ ÈõÏøó áóåõ ãöäú ÔóÇåöÏò ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ æóáóÇ ÔóÇåöÏó áóåõ Óöæóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (4) æóÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúæóì æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáöº áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãõÝöíÏñ áöáúÚöáúãö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÅöÝóÇÏóÊöåö áöáúæõÌõæÈö ÅöÝóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáÙøóäøöíøö áóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÞöíóÇÓõåõ Úóáóì ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ãóÚúáõæãóÉñ¡ æóåöíó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ.
æóÛóÇíóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö æóÇáúãõÝúÊöí¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÔóÎúÕò æóÇÍöÏò¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö æóÇáúãõÝúÊöí ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÔóÎúÕò æóÇÍöÏò ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝö áöÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö¡ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÝöíÏñ áöÙóäøö ÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÞö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑò Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ýöí
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(1) Åöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö Ãóæö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÈöãõÌóÑøóÏöåö íõÝöíÏõ ÛóáóÈóÉó ÇáÙøóäøö¡ Ýóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉö æóÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÅöäú ÃóÑóÇÏó Ãóäøóåõ íõÝöíÏõ ÛóáóÈóÉó ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöãóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÊóÒóãúäóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáó¡ áóßöäú áóãøóÇ ÇÍúÊóÝøó Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉñ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÚóáóíúåö áóÇ íóÑöÏõ ÎóÈóÑõåõãóÇ äóÞúÖðÇ.
(2) åóÐöåö ÏóÚúæóì ÎóÇáóÝóåóÇ ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøõæäó ÃóäúÝõÓõåõãú¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 36 - 47 Ì 2.
(3) ÌóæóÇÈñ Úóäú ßóáóÇãò ãõÖúãóÑò¡ Ýõåöãó ãöäú ÂÎöÑö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ÊóÞúÏöíÑõåõº ÚóãöáúäóÇ Èöåö áöáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö.
(4) ÕóÏóÞó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö Åöäú ßóÇäó ÑóÇÌöÍðÇ áóãú íóÍúÊóÌú Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö Åöáóì ÔóÇåöÏò¡ áöáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÛóáóÈóÉó ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóáóæö ÇÍúÊóÇÌó Åöáóì ÔóÇåöÏö ÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö áóãóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö æóÞóæúáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí æóÇáÔøóÇåöÏö¡ Èóáú ÊóßúÝöí ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõ ÂÍóÇÏò ÃõÎúÑóì æóÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÃóÍúæóÇáò¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÞöíóÇÓöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÝóÞöíóÇÓõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÕóÍöíÍñº ÍóíúËõ æóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èößõáøò ãöäúåõãóÇ¡ æóÅöÝóÇÏóÉõ ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö áöáúÚöáúãö æóÇáúÂÍóÇÏö áöáÙøóäøö ÝóÇÑöÞñ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÄóËøöÑò¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáÐøöãøóÉö æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚúáõæãóÉð ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇÓúÊöãúÑóÇÑóåóÇ ãóÙúäõæäñ ÝóßóíúÝó Ýöí ÑóÝúÚöåö ÇáÏøóáöíáó ÇáÙøóäøöíøó ßóÇáúÚöáúãöíøö.(2/53)
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ (1) ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøóåõ ãóäúÞõæÖñ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ (2) .
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ ÅöÐóÇ æóÞóÚóÊú æóÇÞöÚóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íóÌúÏö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí Óöæóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýóáóæú áóãú íóÍúßõãú Èöåö áóÊóÚóØøóáóÊö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉõ Úóäú Íõßúãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: Îõáõæøõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ãóÚó æõÌõæÏö Ïóáöíáöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáÏøóáöíáöº ÝóáóÇ (3) .
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóÙúÝóÑö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí Ýöí ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ÈöÏóáöíáò æóáóÇ ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Îõáõæøõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö æóÇáúãóÕöíÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ Îõáõæøö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö ÚöäúÏó ÇáÙøóÝóÑö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð æóÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóßóæúäõåõ ÍõÌøóÉð íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Îõáõæøö ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö ãóÚó æõÌõæÏöåö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö¡ æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Îõáõæøó ÇáúæóÇÞöÚóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Íõßúãó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉö áöÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáúÍõßúãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøö äóÝúíõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãó æóãõÏúÑóßõåõ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇäúÊöÝóÇÁó ãóÏóÇÑößö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈóÚúÏó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ãõÏúÑóßñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ áöäóÝúíö ÇáúÍõßúãö.
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(1) ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ - Õ 50¡ 53.
(2) ÝöíåöãóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ - Õ 50¡ 53.
(3) ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÎõáõæøö æóÞóÇÆöÚó Úóäú Íõßúãö Çááøóåö ÝöíåóÇ ÊóÃúÈóÇåõ äõÕõæÕõ ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö¡ æóÅöíÊóÇÁõ ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÌóæóÇãöÚó Çáúßóáöãö. ÇäúÙõÑú Õ 280 æóãóÇ ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ Ì 19 ãöäú ãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáúÝóÊóÇæóì.(2/54)
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ áóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÊóÍúÞöíÞõ ÈóÚúËóÉö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöáóì ßõáøö Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ¡ æóÈóíóÇäõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ØóÑöíÞó Åöáóì ÊóÚúÑöíÝö Ãóåúáö ÚóÕúÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÔóÇÝóåóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÑøõÓõáö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó áóåõ Åöáóì ÇáúãõÔóÇÝóåóÉö áöáúßõáøö áöÊóÚóÐøõÑöåö. æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ ãõäúÍóÕöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö æóÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ Åöáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ãõÊóÚóÐøóÑñ¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ¡ áóãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ãóÚúäóì ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö Åöáóì ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÝöíãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áöÊõÈóíøöäó áöáäøóÇÓö ãóÇ äõÒøöáó Åöáóíúåöãú} æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóãúÊóäöÚõ Ðóáößó¡ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛõ Åöáóì ßõáøö ãóäú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÃóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú Ýöí ÚóÕúÑöåö ãõßóáøóÝñ ÈöãóÇ ÈõÚöËó Èöåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößóº Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõßóáøóÝñ ÈöÇáÊøóÈúáöíÛö Åöáóì ãóäú íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÅöÈúáóÇÛöåö ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÇáúãõÔóÇÝóåóÉö Ãóæú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (1) .
æóßóÐóáößó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßõáøöÝó ÈöãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáó Èöåö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãóåõ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö Úöáúãöåö Èöåöº ÝóáóÇ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Ýöí ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÇáäøóÇÆöíóÉö æóÇáúÌóÒóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõäúÞóØöÚóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÅöÚúáóÇãöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóßõäú ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÊóÈúáöíÛöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ðóáößó ÇáÔøóÎúÕõ ßóÇäó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöãóÇ ÃõÑúÓöáõ Èöåö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ÞóÇáõæÇ ÞóÏú ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÃóãúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÓóÈóÈñ áöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÈöÐóáößó Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÛóáóÈó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÌöÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö æóÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍö ãóÚðÇ Ãóæú ÊóÑúßöåöãóÇ ãóÚðÇ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúãóÑúÌõæÍö Ïõæäó ÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö¡ Ãóæú ÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö ÈöÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö áóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö æóÇáËøóÇäöí æóÇáËøóÇáöËöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãõÍóÇáñ¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó Óöæóì ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ãóÇ ÇáúãóÇäöÚõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÊóÑúßõåõ¡ Èóáú åõæó ÌóÇÆöÒõ ÇáÊøóÑúßö¡ æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉó ÃóãúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ãõæÌöÈóÉñ áöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö ãõÓóáøóãñ ÝöíãóÇ Úõáöãó
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(1) ÇáúÈóáóÇÛõ æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÞóÏúÑö ØóÇÞóÊöåö ãõÔóÇÝóåóÉð Ãóæú ßöÊóÇÈóÉð Ãóæú ÈöÇáÑøõÓõáö ãõØúáóÞðÇ ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ Ãóæó ÂÍóÇÏðÇ áóÇ ÊóæóÇÊõÑðÇ ÝóÞóØú¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ãöäú ÈóÚúËöåö áöáÑøõÓõáö æóÇáúæõáóÇÉö æóÇáúãõÚóáøöãöíäó áöáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÂÍóÇÏðÇ¡ æóãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÔóÑúÚõ Çááøóåö ÃõÕõæáðÇ Ãóæú ÝõÑõæÚðÇ ÚöáúãðÇ Ãóæú ÙóäøðÇ ÛóÇáöÈðÇ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöãóÇ ÇÞúÊóÖóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö.(2/55)
Ýöíåö ÃóãúÑõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö Èöåö (1) Ýóåõæó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÍõÌóÌö ÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö ÇáúæóÇåöíóÉö¡ ÝóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóæúáóÇ äóÝóÑó ãöäú ßõáö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áöíóÊóÝóÞøóåõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ Þóæúãóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó Úóáóì ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãöäú ÝöÑúÞóÉò ÎóÑóÌóÊú áöáÊøóÝóÞøõåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ÚöäúÏó ÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Åöáóì Þóæúãöåöãú ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ Þóæúãóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú} (2) ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö¡ æóÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑõ åõæó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ (3) æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ áöáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö ØóáóÈðÇ áöáúÍóÐóÑö ÈöÏóáöíáö Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} æó (áóÚóáøó) ÙóÇåöÑóÉñ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÑóÌøöí (4) æóåõæó ãõÓúÊóÍöíáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ ÝóÊóÚóíøóäó Íóãúáõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ãõáóÇÒöãñ áöáÊøóÑóÌøöí¡ æóåõæó ÇáØøóáóÈõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö ØóáóÈðÇ áöáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÃóãúÑðÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÍúÐöíÑö ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÐóÑõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ãõæÌöÈñ áöáúÍóÐóÑö¡ ÝóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú áóÝúÙö " ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö " ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö. æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó áóÝúÙó ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö ÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏò áóÇ íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ ßóÇáöÇËúäóíúäö æóÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö æóÚóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãõäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáúÍóÞöíÞóÉõ¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõ ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãõÓóãøóìº äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßö Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö.
æóÇáúÞóÏúÑõ ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßõ áóÇ íóÎúÑõÌõ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÞóáöíáö æóãóÇ áóÇÒóãóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúãõÓóãøóì.
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(1) ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÃóãúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõæÌöÈóÉñ áöÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ÇáúÚöÞóÇÈö¡ ÝöíãóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö æóÌõæÈõåõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõæÌöÈóÉñ áöÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ Úõáöãó æõÌõæÈõåõ ÍóÊøóì ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö æóãóäú Úóáóì ØóÑöíÞöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãú íóÞõæáõæäó Åöäøó æõÌõæÈó Úóãóáö ÇáúãõßóáøóÝö ÈöãóÇ ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö ÞóØúÚöíøñ.
(2) Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÚúäóíóÇäöº ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÍóËøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊóäúÝöÑó ãóäú ßõáøö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöÊóÊóÝóÞøóåó Ýöí ÏöíäöåóÇ æóÊõäúÐöÑó ãóäú áóãú íóäúÝöÑú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚóÊú Åöáóíúåöãú¡ áöíóÍúÐóÑõæÇ ÇáúãóÚóÇÕöíó æóÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØó ÈöÇáúæóÇÌöÈö. æóËóÇäöíåõãóÇ: Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÍóËøó ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó Úóáóì Ãóäú ÊóäúÝöÑó ãöäú ßõáøö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áöáúÌöåóÇÏö æóäóÍúæöåö áöÊóÊóÝóÞøóåó ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÞöíóÊú¡ æóÊõäúÐöÑó ÇáøóÊöí ÎóÑóÌóÊú ÚöäúÏó ÚóæúÏóÊöåóǺ áöÊóÍúÐóÑó ãóÚúÕöíóÉó Çááøóåö æóÇáÊøóÝúÑöíØó ÝöíãóÇ æóÌóÈó áóåõ Úóáóíúåöãú.
(3) ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑõ: ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ ÈöãõÎóæøöÝò.
(4) áóÚóáøó åõäóÇ áöáÊøóÚúáöíáö.(2/56)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉó ÝöÑúÞóÉñ¡ ÝóÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöãøóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ Ãóæö ÇËúäóÇäö.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú áóÝúÙö " ÇáØøóÇÆöÝóÉö " ÇáøóÊöí æóÌóÈó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÇáúÎõÑõæÌõ áöáÊøóÝóÞøõåö æóÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏó ÇáøóÐöí íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ Ïõæäóåõ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóæóÌóÈó Úóáóì ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò æóÃóåúáö ÈóáúÏóÉò¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãóÇ Ïõæäóåõãú áóÇ íóäúÊóåõæäó Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ Ãóäú íóÎúÑõÌõæÇ ÈöÃóÌúãóÚöåöãú áöáÊøóÝóÞøõåö æóÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ ÞóÇÆöáó Èöåö Ýöí ÚóÕúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóáóÇ Ýöí ÚóÕúÑö ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáËøóÇäöí.
æóÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóäúÊóåöí Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ÍõÌøóÉñ ãõæÌöÈóÉñ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæÑóÉö¡ áóÒöãó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÛóíúÑöåóǺ ÖóÑõæÑóÉó Ãóäú áóÇ ÞóÇÆöáó ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö æóÐóáößó åõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ¡ æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó Úóáóì ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ.
æóÕöíÛóÉõ Þóæúáöåö: (áöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ) áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúÃóãúÑö (1) .
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú áöáúÃóãúÑö ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ áöáúæõÌõæÈö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí (2) .
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó åõæó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ¡ Èóáú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝó ãöäú ÝöÚúáö ÔóíúÁò Ãóæú ÊóÑúßöåö¡ ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö. æóÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝõ ÎóÇÑöÌñ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö (3) .
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(1) Èóáú íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú ÊõäúÐöÑó ßõáøõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÞóæúãóåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóÈóÞóåóÇ ÛóíúÑõåóÇ ÈöÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÇáÊøóÚúáöíãö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÍúÖöíÖö¡ æóãóÇ íõÄóíøöÏõ Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáäøõÕõæÕö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö æóÕöíÛóÉõ " áöíóÊóÝóÞøóåõæÇ " Ãóæú " áöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ "¡ æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ÕöíÛóÉó ÃóãúÑò¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ áöÊóÚúáöíáö ÇáÊøóÍúÖöíÖö Úóáóì äóÝóÑö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò æóÈóÞóÇÁö ÃõÎúÑóì¡ ÝóßóÇäó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÝóÞøõåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑö Èöåö ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöíÌóÇÈö ÃóæøóáðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó äóÝóÑõ ØóÇÆöÝóÉò æóÈóÞóÇÁõ ÃõÎúÑóì ãóÞúÕõæÏðÇ ÈöÇáúÞóÕúÏö ÇáËøóÇäöíº Ãóíú: ÞóÕúÏö ÇáúæóÓóÇÆöáö.
(2) ÓóíóÃúÊöí áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö ÊóÍúÑöíÑõ ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÇáúãõÌóÑøóÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕõ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÇÍúÊóÝøóÊú Èöåö ÞóÑóÇÆöäõ ÊõÚóíøöäõ ÇáúæõÌõæÈó¡ æóåöíó ÃóÏöáøóÉõ æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó: ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ ÈöãõÎóæøöÝò ãöäú ÝóæúÊö ãóÕúáóÍóÉò¡ Ãóæú ÊóæóÞøõÚö ãóÖóÑøóÉò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúãóÕúáóÍóÉõ æóÇáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÊøóÎúæöíÝõ ÈöåóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.(2/57)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ¡ æóáóßöäú Ãóãúßóäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÝóÊúæóì Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö (1) æóäóÍúäõ äóÞõæáõ Èöåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó Èöåö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑõ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöãóÇ ÓõãöÚó Úóäúåõ æóãöäúåõ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÐóáößó ÅöíÌóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÐóÑö Úóáóì ãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó (2) .
Þóæúáõßõãú íóÌöÈõ Íóãúáõ Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (áóÚóáøó) Úóáóì ØóáóÈö ÇáúÍóÐöÑö áößóæúäöåö ãõáóÇÒöãðÇ áöáÊøóÑóÌøöí.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÇáØøóáóÈõ ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãõ áöáÊøóÑóÌøöí ÇáØøóáóÈõ ÇáøóÐöí åõæó ÈöãóÚúäóì ãóíúáö ÇáäøóÝúÓö Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóãúÑö¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÓúÊóÍöíáñ Ýöí ÍóÞøö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÍóÐóÑõ ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ Èöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ (3) .
æóãóÚó ÊóØóÑøõÞö åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö ÝóÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÙøõäõæäö ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóÇáúÎóÕúãõ ãóÇäöÚñ áöÕöÍøóÊöåö (4) .
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÃò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ} æóæóÌúåõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ ÚóáøóÞó æõÌõæÈó ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ ÝóÏóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÇáúÌóÒúãö ÈöÑóÏøöåö Ãóæú ÈöÞóÈõæáöåö¡ áóÇ ÌóÇÆöÒó Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÃóäúÒóáó ÏóÑóÌóÉð ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ æóåõæó ãõÍóÇáñ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÓóÈóÈó äõÒõæáö åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÚóËó ÇáúæóáöíÏó Èúäó ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÃóÈöí ãõÚóíúØò ÓóÇÚöíðÇ Åöáóì Þóæúãò¡ ÝóÚóÇÏó æóÃóÎúÈóÑó
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(1) ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑõ ÚóÇãøñ áöÍóÐúÝö ãóÝúÚõæáöåö¡ ÝóíóÔúãóáõ ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó ÈöÇáäøóåúíö æóÈöÇáúÝóÊúæóì¡ ÝóÍóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÝóÊúæóì ÊóÎúÕöíÕñ áöáúÚóÇãøö ÈöáóÇ Ïóáöíáò.
(2) áóÚóáøó: ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáõ ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóÅöÐóÇ æóÌóÈó ÅöäúÐóÇÑõåõãú áöíóÍúÐóÑõæÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÐóÑõåõãú æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈöÇáúÃóæúáóì.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ.
(4) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÑóÏøõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÊóãøó ÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ Ïóáöíáñ Ùóäøöíøñ¡ ÝóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÓúáöíãö Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÖõÑøõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÞóæóÇÚöÏó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãöäúåóÇ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ æóÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ æóåõãú íóÓúÊóÏöáøõæäó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÃóÏöáøóÉò ÙóäøöíøóÉò¡ Èóáú æóåúãöíøóÉò¡ Ëõãøó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉõ ÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉõ ÊõÝöíÏõ ÈöãóÌúãõæÚöåóÇ ÇáúÞóØúÚó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÂÍóÇÏõåóÇ ÙóäøöíøóÉð ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÌöíÁõ.(2/58)
ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÈóÚóËóåõ Åöáóíúåöãú ÞóÏö ÇÑúÊóÏøõæÇ¡ æóÃóÑóÇÏõæÇ ÞóÊúáóåõ ÝóÃóÌúãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóáóì ÛóÒúæöåöãú æóÞóÊúáöåöãú» .
æóÐóáößó Íõßúãñ ÔóÑúÚöíøñ: æóßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ ÞóÏú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáúÚóãóáó Ýöíåö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ áóãóÇ ÃóÑóÇÏóåõ æóáóÃóäúßóÑóåõ Çááøóåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì Úóáóíúåö.
æóåóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÖóÚöíÝóÉñº ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáó ÈöåóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú ãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ æóÓóäõÈóíøöäõ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Èöåö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (2) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúæóÌúåõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÃóÌúãóÚó Úóáóì ÞóÊúáöåöãú æóÞöÊóÇáöåöãú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóáöíÏö Èúäö ÚõÞúÈóÉó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó «Ãóäøóåõ ÈóÚóËó ÎóÇáöÏó Èúäó ÇáúæóáöíÏö æóÃóãóÑóåõ ÈöÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö Ýöí ÃóãúÑöåöãú¡ ÝóÇäúØóáóÞó ÍóÊøóì ÃóÊóÇåõãú áóíúáðÇ ÝóÈóÚóËó Úõíõæäóåõ¡ ÝóÚóÇÏõæÇ Åöáóíúåö æóÃóÎúÈóÑõæåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÃóäøóåõãú ÓóãöÚõæÇ ÃóÐóÇäóåõãú æóÕóáóÇÊóåõãú ÝóáóãøóÇ ÃóÕúÈóÍõæÇ¡ ÃóÊóÇåõãú ÎóÇáöÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúæóáöíÏö æóÑóÃóì ãóÇ íõÚúÌöÈõåõ ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö æóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÈöÐóáößó» .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäú ÓóÈóÈö ÇáäøõÒõæáö ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö (3) .
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ áöÊóßõæäõæÇ ÔõåóÏóÇÁó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö} æóæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ãöäú Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑó ÈöÎóÈóÑò áóäóÇ Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÔóÇåöÏñ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóÌúÚóáóåõ Çááøóåõ ÔóÇåöÏðÇ Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÓö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáúÞóæúáö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáúÃõãøóÉö áóÇ ãóÚó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúÊõãõæäó ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáúåõÏóì} ÇáúÂíóÉó.
æóæóÌúåõ ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÈöåóÇ Ãóäøó Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì ÊóæóÚøóÏó Úóáóì ßöÊúãóÇäö ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÅöíÌóÇÈö ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáúåõÏóì¡ æóãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýóåõæó ãöäó ÇáúåõÏóì¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÅöÙúåóÇÑõåõ¡ Ýóáóæú áóãú íóÌöÈú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÞóÈõæáõåõ¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ßóÚóÏóãöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌöÈõ.
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(1) ãóÝúåõæãõ ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö ÎöáóÇÝñ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ÔóåöÏóÊú áóåõ ÇáúÝöØúÑóÉõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÇáúãõÓúÊóãöÑøõ ãöäú ÚóåúÏö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Åöáóì Çáúíóæúãö¡ ÝóÇáúÍóíóÇÉõ ÚóÇãøóÉñ ÞóÇÆöãóÉñ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÚöäúÏó ãóäú áóÇ íóÑóì ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöãóÝúåõæãö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö.
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 36 - 47 - 50 Ì 2.
(3) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 36 - 47 - 50 Ì 2.(2/59)
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: íõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: {Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó íóßúÊõãõæäó ãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáúäóÇ ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáúåõÏóì} ÇáúÚóÏóÏó ÇáøóÐöí ÊóÞõæãõ Èöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÑóÇÏó Èöåö ãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó (1) .
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ãóÇ Ïõæäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöãóÇ ÃóäúÒóáó ãöäó ÇáúÈóíøöäóÇÊö æóÇáúåõÏóì ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÚóÒöíÒó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÏöÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäúåõ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö (2) æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ßõáøó ãóÇ ÃõäúÒöáó Úóáóì ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÍóÊøóì ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÝóÛóÇíóÉõ ÇáÊøóåúÏöíÏö Úóáóì ßöÊúãóÇäö Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ãóÇ ÓõãöÚó ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Úóáóì ãóäú ÓóãöÚóåõ.
æóáóíúÓó Ýöí Ðóáößó ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÞóÈõæáöåö Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÂíóÉö íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÅöÙúåóÇÑõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÓóÇãöÚöåö ÞóÈõæáõåõ (3) .
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ãöäó ÇáúãõÍúÊóãóáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÅöÙúåóÇÑö Úóáóì ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò æóÇÍöÏñ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóÊóÃóáøóÝó ãöäú ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑõ ÇáúãõÝöíÏõ áöáúÚöáúãö (4) .
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ßõáøöåö ÝóÏóáóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó (5) .
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæÇ Ãóåúáó ÇáÐøößúÑö Åöäú ßõäúÊõãú áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÓõÄóÇáö Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøößúÑöº æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ æóáóãú íõÝóÑøöÞú Èóíúäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö æóÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÓõÄóÇáõ ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö áöÛóíúÑöåö
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(1) íõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ßõáøðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö ÍóãúáðÇ áöÇÓúãö ÇáúãóæúÕõæáö Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÚõãõæãö.
(2) Åöäú ÏóÎóáóÊö ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáúãóäúÒöáö áóÝúÙðÇ ÝóÈöåóÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåöíó ÏóÇÎöáóÉñ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÇáúãóÚúäóìº ÅöÐö Çáúßõáøõ ãöäú ÚöäúÏö Çááøóåö æóÔóÑúÚöåö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÑúÓóáóåõ¡ ÝóíóÔúãóáõ ÇáúæóÚöíÏó ãóäú ßóÊóãó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó æóÇáÓøõäøóÉó.
(3) ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÑõãó ÇáúßöÊúãóÇäõ æóÌóÈó Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóáóÛóåõ ÇáúæóÍúíõ ÞóÈõæáõåõ ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏðÇ áöÊóÔúÑöíÚöåö¡ æóÚóãóáðÇ ÈöãõæÌöÈöåö Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÊöåö ãöäú æõÌõæÈò Ãóæú äóÏúÈò Ãóæú ÅöÈóÇÍóÉò Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóÎóáøóÝó Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö áöÝóÞúÏö ÔóÑúØö ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ áóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇÓúÊöáúÒóÇãö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö áóåõ¡ æóÚóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÊóÃúåöíáõ äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÇáÊøóæúÈóÉö áöíóáúÒóãó ÞóÈõæáõ ÈóáóÇÛöåö.
(4) ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÈóáóÇÛö Ãóäú íóßõæäó áöÅöÈúÑóÇÁö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ áöÊóÞúæöíóÉö ÎóÈóÑò ÈöãóÇ ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóíúåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÑöÏõ Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ Úóáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáö ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö.
(5) ÓóÈóÞó ÃóíúÖðÇ ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ.(2/60)
ãõäúÍóÕöÑñ Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÝóÊúæóì¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúÞóÈõæáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÝóÇÓúÃóáõæÇ " ÕöíÛóÉõ ÃóãúÑò (1) ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÃóãúÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÃóäøóåóÇ áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ßóãóÇ íóÃúÊöí.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú áöáúæõÌõæÈö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáÐøößúÑö Ãóåúáó ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓúÆõæáö Úóäúåõ ÇáúÝóÊúæóì (2) .
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáó Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ãöäó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÇáúãõÎúÈóÑö Úóäúåõ æóåõæó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ (3) æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáó ÚöäúÏó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö.
Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ áóßóÇäó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö (4) ¡ áöÚóÏóãö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÝöíÏõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÙøóäøö.
æóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÎóÈóÑò ÛóíúÑõ æóÇÌöÈòº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ ÞóÇÆöáó ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö ãóÚó æõÌõæÈö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö Úóäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÍõÕõæáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ãöäó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊöãøõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ áóÇ ÈöãóÇ Ïõæäóåõ.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÓøõÄóÇáó æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö (5) .
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(1) åóÐóÇ ãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó áöáúÃóãúÑö ÕöíÛóÉñ ÊóÎõÕøõåõ¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáÑøóÏøõ Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚöåö ãöäú ãóÈóÇÍöËö ÇáúÃóãúÑö.
(2) ÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÃóåúáö ÇáÐøößúÑö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáäøõÕõæÕö æóÈöÝöÞúåöåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúãóÓúÆõæáö Úóäúåõ ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÝóÊúæóì ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöÇáúÚõãõæãöº ÍóíúËõ áóÇ Ïóáöíáó Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÎúÕöíÕö.
(3) Èóáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÚõãõæãõ¡ ÝóíõÑóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÚöáúãö Ýöí ÇáúÂíóÉö ãóÇ íóÔúãóáõ ÇáúÅöÏúÑóÇßó ÇáúÌóÇÒöãó æóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ áöÊóÍúÕöíáö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÅöãøóÇ ÈöãõÊóæóÇÊöÑò Ãóæú ÂÍóÇÏò¡ æóÚóáóíúåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÍõÕõæáö Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ áößöÝóÇíóÊöåö Ýöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö.
(4) ßóÃóäøó Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÇáÔøóÑúØöíøóÉö ÊóÍúÑöíÝðÇ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó: Ýóáóæú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáúãóØúáõæÈõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÇáÓøõÄóÇáö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈðÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÍõÕõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ áóßöäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈñ ÈöäóÕøö ÇáúÂíóÉö áöÚóÏóãö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö. . ÅöáóÎú.
(5) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóäú ÞóÑóÃó ÕóÏúÑó åóÐöåö ÇáúÂíóÉö æóÇáúÂíóÉó ÇáøóÊöí ÈóÚúÏóåóÇ ÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÃóÕúáò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóåõæó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉõ.(2/61)
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÏóáóÇáóÉö Ðóáößó Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ áóßöäøóåóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÍúÊóÌøõ ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {íóÇ ÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ßõæäõæÇ ÞóæøóÇãöíäó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö ÔõåóÏóÇÁó áöáøóåö} ÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö¡ æóÇáúÃóãúÑõ áöáúæõÌõæÈö.
æóãóäú ÃóÎúÈóÑó Úóäö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö ÈöãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÔóåöÏó áöáøóåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó æóÇÌöÈðÇ Åöäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáúÞóÈõæáõ æóÇÌöÈðÇ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó æõÌõæÏõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ßóÚóÏóãöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: áóÇ ÃõÓóáøöãõ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö áöáøóåö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí¡ æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÊóåóÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö Ðóáößó¡ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ ÈöãõæÌöÈö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó áöáøóåö æóÇáúÞöíóÇãó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÞöíóÇãðÇ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóáóÇ ÔóåóÇÏóÉð áöáøóåö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóíóÊóæóÞøóÝõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÃóäøóåõ ÔóÇåöÏñ áöáøóåö¡ æóÞöíóÇãõåõ ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö æóÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõ áöáøóåö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑöåö æóÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÔóåöÏó áöáøóåö æóÞóÇãó ÈöÇáúÞöÓúØö¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáöº æóÏóáöíáõåõ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÏóáóÇáóÉö ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóáóßöäú áöÌöåóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ (1) .
æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó æóÇÓúÊóÝóÇÖó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõäúÝöÐõ ÂÍóÇÏó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóæóÇÍöí æóÇáúÞóÈóÇÆöáö æóÇáúÈöáóÇÏö ÈöÇáÏøõÚóÇÁö Åöáóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö¡ æóÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóÝóÕúáö ÇáúÎõÕõæãóÇÊö¡ æóÞóÈúÖö ÇáÒøóßóæóÇÊö æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó¡ ãóÚó ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÊóßúáöíÝö ÇáúãóÈúÚõæËö Åöáóíúåö ÈöÇáØøóÇÚóÉö æóÇáöÇäúÞöíóÇÏö áöÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáö ÇáúãóÈúÚõæËö Åöáóíúåöãú¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ãóÇ íóÞõæáõ ãóÚó ßóæúäö ÇáúãõäóÝøöÐö ãöäó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó.
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(1) íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ¡ æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÚóáóì ÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäøó ßõáøó ÂíóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö æóãóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåóÇ áóãú ÊóÝöÏö ÇáúÚöáúãó ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøó ãõÊóÝóÑøöÏóÉð¡ ÝóãóÌúãõæÚõåóÇ íõÝöíÏõ Ðóáößóº ÅöÐú áöáöÇÌúÊöãóÇÚö ãöäó ÇáúÞõæøóÉö ãóÇ áóíúÓó áöáöÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö¡ æóãöäú ÃóÌúáö Ðóáößó ÃóÝóÇÏó ßõáøñ ãöäó ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁö ÇáúíóÞöíäó.(2/62)
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÊóäúÝöíÐó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÞóÖóÇÁö æóÃóÎúÐö ÇáÒøóßóæóÇÊö æóÇáúÝóÊúæóì æóÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ ÝóáóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ æõÞõæÚó ÊóäúÝöíÐö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáøóÊöí åöíó ãóÏóÇÑößõ ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö áöíóÌúÊóåöÏõæÇ ÝöíåóÇ (1) æóÐóáößó ãóÍóáøõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÇáÊøóäúÝöíÐö ÈöÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö æóÊóÚúÑöíÝöåöãú ÅöíøóÇåóÇ¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð¡ Èóáú ÌóÇÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó áöÝóÇÆöÏóÉö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúÚöáúãö áöáúãóÈúÚõæËö Åöáóíúåöãú ÈöãóÇ ÊóæóÇÊóÑó ÈöÖóãøö ÎóÈóÑò ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Åöáóíúåö (2) .
æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóËúÈõÊõ ßóæúäõ ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
æóÞóÏú ÃõæÑöÏó Úóáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÓõÄóÇáóÇäö ÂÎóÑóÇäö áóÇ æóÌúåó áóåõãóÇ:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó íõäúÝöÐõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏó áöÊóÈúáöíÛö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ ßóÇäó íõäúÝöÐõåõãú áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö æóÍúÏóÇäöíøóÉö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö.
Ýóáóæú ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ áóßóÇäó ÍõÌøóÉð Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö (3) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÊóäúÝöíÐõ ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÈöÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö Úóäú ÃóÍúßóÇãò ÔóÑúÚöíøóÉò ßóÇäóÊú ãóÚúáõæãóÉð áöáúãóÈúÚõæËö áóåõãú ÞóÈúáó ÅöÑúÓóÇáö Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöåóÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÚóáöãõæÇ æõÌõæÈó ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ Ýóåóáú ÅöÑúÓóÇáõ Ðóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Åöáóíúåöãú Úóáóì ÃóÕúáößõãú.
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(1) íóßúÝöí Ýöí ÑóÏøö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöÑóÇÖö Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÚúæóì íõßóÐøöÈõåóÇ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚõ¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÑúÓóáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏó ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöåö áöÅöÈúáóÇÛö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑöº Èóáú áöÊóÍúÝöíÙö ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóãóäö ÇÓúÊóÞúÑóÃó ÈóÚúËó ÇáúæõáóÇÉö æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÉö ßóÝóÇåõ ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÈõØúáóÇäö Êöáúßó ÇáÏøóÚúæóì.
(2) íóÑóÏøõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó áóãú íóÊóæóÞøóÝõæÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÇ ÈóáóÛóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÍóÊøóì íóÊóæóÇÊóÑó¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóáóÇ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö.
(3) íõÌóÇÈõ ÈöÊóÓúáöíãö ÇáúãõáóÇÒóãóÉö¡ ÝóäóÞõæáõ ÈöÕóáóÇÍöíóÉö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÅöËúÈóÇÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõãú: Åöäøó Ðóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÈóÇØöáñ¡ Èóáú Ýöíåö ÎöáóÇÝñ¡ æóÇáäøõÕõæÕõ ÊóÔúåóÏõ áöãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö æóÝõÑõæÚöåóÇ æóÃóíúÖðÇ ßõáøõ ãóÇ ØõáöÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö ãóÓúÈõæÞñ ÈöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ãóÔúÑõæÚöíøóÊöåö(2/63)
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøó ÅöäúÝóÇÐó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÊøóæúÍöíÏö æóÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö áóãú íóßõäú æóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ áößóæúäöåö ÎóÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏò¡ Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõåõãú Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóíõÚóÑøöÝõåõãú ãöäó ÇáÏøóáóÇÆöáö ÇáúíóÞöíäöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÊóÔúåóÏõ ÈöÕöÍøóÊöåóÇ ÚõÞõæáõåõãú (1) æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ íõÎúÈöÑõ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøóåõãú áóæú ßóÇäõæÇ ÚóÇáöãöíäó ÈöÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö ÇáøóÊöí Ïóáøó ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóì ÅöÑúÓóÇáöåö áöÊóÚúÑöíÝöåöãú áöãóÇ ÞóÏú ÚóÑóÝõæåõ¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÍúÕöíáö ÇáúÍóÇÕöáö¡ ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáúãóÚúáõæãö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãóÙúäõæäö ãõÍóÇáñ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úõáöãó ßóæúäõ ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöãøóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóäúÝöíÐó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ æõÌõæÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÞóæúáöåö Èóáú ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ ÇáúãõÎúÈóÑõ Èöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÐóáößó áóãú íóßõäú ãóÚúÑõæÝðÇ ÞóÈúáó ÎóÈóÑöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÊóäúÝöíÐõåõ áöÊóÚúÑöíÝö Ðóáößó ãõÝöíÏðÇ.
æóÇáúÃóÞúÑóÈõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãóÇ äõÞöáó Úóäö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáúãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÚóÏøö æóÇáúÍóÕúÑö¡ ÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóæõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö.
Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ Úóãöáó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó Ýöí ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö¡ «Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó ÃóØúÚóãóåóÇ ÇáÓøõÏõÓó» ¡ ÝóÌóÚóáó áóåóÇ ÇáÓøõÏõÓó.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó ÚõãóÑõ Èúäõ ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö ÚóæúÝò Ýöí ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÌöÒúíóÉö ãöäó ÇáúãóÌõæÓö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÓõäøõæÇ Èöåöãú ÓõäøóÉó Ãóåúáö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö» " æóÚóãöáó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö Íóãúáö ÇÈúäö ãóÇáößò Ýöí ÇáúÌóäöíäö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: «ßõäúÊõ Èóíúäó ÌóÇÑöíóÊóíúäö áöí (íóÚúäöí ÖóÑøóÊóíúäö) ÝóÖóÑóÈóÊú ÅöÍúÏóÇåõãóÇ ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ÈöãöÓúØóÍò¡ ÝóÃóáúÞóÊú ÌóäöíäðÇ ãóíúÊðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÖóì Ýöíåö ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÛõÑøóÉò» ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: áóæú áóãú äóÓúãóÚú ÈöåóÐóÇ áóÞóÖóíúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ.
æóÑõæöíó Úóäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ßöÏúäóÇ äóÞúÖöí Ýöíåö ÈöÑóÃúíöäóÇ.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÑóì ÊóæúÑöíËó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉö ãöäú ÏöíóÉö ÒóæúÌöåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÎúÈóÑóåõ ÇáÖøóÍøóÇßõ Èúäõ ÓõÝúíóÇäó «Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö Ãóäú íõæóÑøöËó ÇãúÑóÃóÉó ÃóÔúíóãó ÇáÖøóÈóÇÈöíøö ãöäú ÏöíóÊöåö ÝóÑóÌóÚó Åöáóíúåö» .
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ ÝóÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇãóÊú ÈöÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáäøóÞúáöíøóÉö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ ãõßóáøóÝöíäó ÈöÐóáößó ÞóÈúáó æõÑõæÏö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ Ãóæú ÈõáõæÛöåö áöãõÌóÑøóÏö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáúÚóÞúáöíøóÉö.(2/64)
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÑóì Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕóÇÈöÚö äöÕúÝó ÇáÏøöíóÉö¡ æóíõÝóÇÖöáõ ÈóíúäóåóÇ ÝóíóÌúÚóáõ Ýöí ÇáúÎöäúÕóÑö ÓöÊøóÉð¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÈöäúÕöÑö ÊöÓúÚóÉð¡ æóÝöí ÇáúæõÓúØóì æóÇáÓøóÈøóÇÈóÉö ÚóÔóÑóÉð¡ æóÝöí ÇáúÅöÈúåóÇãö ÎóãúÓóÉó ÚóÔúÑóÉó¡ Ëõãøó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÍóÒúãò Ãóäøó «Ýöí ßõáøö ÃõÕúÈõÚò ÚóÔóÑóÉñ» .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó ÚõËúãóÇäõ æóÚóáöíøñ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÝõÑóíúÚóÉó ÈöäúÊö ãóÇáößò Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÏóÇÏö ÇáúãõÊóæóÝøóì ÚóäúåóÇ ÒóæúÌõåóÇ Ýöí ãóäúÒöáö ÒóæúÌöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú: «ÌöÆúÊõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈóÚúÏó æóÝóÇÉö ÒóæúÌöí ÃóÓúÊóÃúÐöäõåõ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÚöÏøóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÇãúßõËöí ÍóÊøóì ÊóäúÞóÖöíó ÚöÏøóÊõßö» .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ãöäú Úóãóáö Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ: ßõäúÊõ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö ÍóÏöíËðÇ äóÝóÚóäöí Çááøóåõ ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ãöäúåõ¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÛóíúÑõåõ ÍóáøóÝúÊõåõ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÍóáóÝó ÕóÏøóÞúÊõåõ (1) .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáÑøöÈóÇ Ýöí ÇáäøóÞúÏö¡ ÈóÚúÏó Ãóäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÑøöÈóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö ÇáäøóÓöíÆóÉö.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó ÒóíúÏõ Èúäõ ËóÇÈöÊò ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇãúÑóÃóÉò ãöäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑö Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÆöÖó ÊóäúÝöÑõ ÈöáóÇ æóÏóÇÚò.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ÃóäóÓö Èúäö ãóÇáößò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäúÊõ ÃóÓúÞöí ÃóÈóÇ ØóáúÍóÉó æóÃóÈóÇ ÚõÈóíúÏóÉó æóÃõÈóíøó Èúäó ßóÚúÈò ÔóÑóÇÈðÇ ãöäú ÝóÖöíÎö ÇáÊøóãúÑö ÅöÐú ÃóÊóÇäóÇ ÂÊò ÝóÞóÇáó Åöäøó ÇáúÎóãúÑó ÞóÏú ÍõÑøöãóÊú» ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ØóáúÍóÉó: Þõãú íóÇ ÃóäóÓõ Åöáóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÌöÑóÇÑö ÝóÇßúÓöÑúåóÇ¡ ÞóÇáó: ÝóÞõãúÊõ Åöáóì ãöåúÑóÇÓò áóäóÇ ÝóÖóÑóÈúÊõåóÇ ÈöÃóÓúÝóáöåö ÍóÊøóì ÊóßóÓøóÑóÊú.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó Ãóåúáõ ÞõÈóÇÁò Ýöí ÇáÊøóÍóæøõáö ãöäó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóäøó ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉó ÞóÏú äõÓöÎóÊú¡ ÝóÇáúÊóÝóÊõæÇ Åöáóì ÇáúßóÚúÈóÉö ÈöÎóÈóÑöåö.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÈóáóÛóåõ Úóäú ÑóÌõáò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: Åöäøó ãõæÓóì ÕóÇÍöÈó ÇáúÎóÖöÑö áóíúÓó åõæó ãõæÓóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: ßóÐöÈó ÚóÏõæøõ Çááøóåö.
ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÃõÈóíøõ Èúäõ ßóÚúÈò ÞóÇáó: «ÎóØóÈóäóÇ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó» Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ãõæÓóì æóÇáúÎóÖöÑó ÈöÔóíúÁò íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõæÓóì Èóäöí ÅöÓúÑóÇÆöíáó ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáúÎóÖöÑö¡ ÝóÚóãöáó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÃõÈóíøò ÍóÊøóì ßóÐøóÈó ÇáÑøóÌõáó æóÓóãøóÇåõ ÚóÏõæøó Çááøóåö.
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(1) ÃóËóÑõ ÇÓúÊöÍúáóÇÝö Úóáöíøò áöãóäú ÍóÏøóËóåõ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãú íóÕöÍøó. ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúßóáóÇãó Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ÊóÑúÌóãóÉö ÃõÓóÇãóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÍóßóãö ÇáúÝóÒóÇÑöíøö Ýöí ÊóåúÐöíÈö ÇáÊøóåúÐöíÈö.(2/65)
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøóåõ áóãøóÇ «ÈóÇÚó ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ ÔóíúÆðÇ ãöäú ÃóæóÇäöí ÐóåóÈò æóæóÑóÞò ÈöÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú æóÒúäöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó áóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóäúåóì Úóäú Ðóáößó» ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó áóåõ ãõÚóÇæöíóÉõ: áóÇ ÃóÑóì ÈöÐóáößó ÈóÃúÓðÇ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáÏøóÑúÏóÇÁö: ãóäú íóÚúÐõÑõäöí ãöäú ãõÚóÇæöíóÉó¡ ÃõÎúÈöÑõåõ Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóíõÎúÈöÑõäöí Úóäú ÑóÃúíöåö¡ áóÇ ÃõÓóÇßöäõßó ÈöÃóÑúÖò ÃóÈóÏðÇ.
æóãöäú Ðóáößó Úóãöáó ÌóãöíÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÕøöÏøöíÞõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " «ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉõ ãöäú ÞõÑóíúÔò» "¡ æóãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " «ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁõ íõÏúÝóäõæäó ÍóíúËõ íóãõæÊõæäó» "¡ æóãöäú Þóæúáöåö: " «äóÍúäõ ãõÚóÇÔöÑó ÇáúÃóäúÈöíóÇÁö áóÇ äõæÑóËõ ãóÇ ÊóÑóßúäóÇåõ ÕóÏóÞóÉñ» ".
æóÚóãóáõåõãú ÈöÃóÌúãóÚöåöãú Ýöí ÇáÑøõÌõæÚö Úóäú ÓõÞõæØö ÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÛõÓúáö ÈöÇáúÊöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóíúäö ÈöÞóæúáö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó: «ÝóÚóáúÊõåõ ÃóäóÇ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÇÛúÊóÓóáúäóÇ» .
æóÚóãöáó ÌóãöíÚõåõãú ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÑóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÎóÏöíÌò Ýöí ÇáúãõÎóÇÈóÑóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäøóÇ äõÎóÇÈöÑõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäøóÉð áóÇ äóÑóì ÈöÐóáößó ÈóÃúÓðÇ ÍóÊøóì Ñóæóì áóäóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÎóÏöíÌò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Úóäú Ðóáößó» ÝóÇäúÊóåóíúäóÇ (1) Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ ÊõÍúÕóì ÚóÏóÏðÇ¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÔóÇÆöÚðÇ ÐóÇÆöÚðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äóßöíÑò.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÌóÑóÊó ÓõäøóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ ßóÚóáöíøö Èúäö ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö Úóáöíøò¡ æóÌõÈóíúÑö Èúäö ãõØúÚöãò¡ æóäóÇÝöÚö Èúäö ÌõÈóíúÑò¡ æóÎóÇÑöÌóÉó Èúäö ÒóíúÏò¡ æóÃóÈöí ÓóáóãóÉó Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö¡ æóÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ æóÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö íóÓóÇÑò¡ æóØóÇæõÓò æóÚóØóÇÁö Èúäö ãõÌóÇåöÏò (2) æóÓóÚöíÏö Èúäö ÇáúãõÓóíøóÈö æóÝõÞóåóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÑóãóíúäö æóÇáúãöÕúÑóíúäö (íóÚúäöí ÇáúßõæÝóÉó æóÇáúÈóÕúÑóÉó) Åöáóì Íöíäö ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúãõÎóÇáöÝöíäó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÂÍóÇÏò¡ æóÐóáößó íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð¡ æóåõæó ÏóæúÑñ ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
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(1) ÃóÔóÇÑó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ ßóßóËöíÑò ãöäú ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö Åöáóì ÌõãúáóÉò ãöäú ÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÇáøóÊöí ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÈöåóÇ ÇáÓøóáóÝõ¡ æóÑóÌóÚõæÇ ÅöáóíúåóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóáóãú íóÐúßõÑú äóÕøóåóÇ ÎóÔúíóÉó ÇáØøõæáö¡ Ýóãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó äõÕõæÕóåóÇ ãóÚó ÃóÓóÇäöíÏöåóÇ ÝóáúíóÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáËøóÇáöËö ãöäó ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÇáúßõÊõÈö ÇáÓøöÊøóÉö áöíóÊóÈóíøóäó áóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÕóÍöíÍõåóÇ ãöäú ÓóÞöíãöåóÇ.
(2) ØóÇæõÓñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ßóíúÓóÇäó ÇáúíóãóÇäöíøõ ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö ÇáúÍõãóíúÏöíøõ ÇáúÌõäúÏöíøõ¡ æóÞöíáó ÇÓúãõåõ ÐóßúæóÇäõ¡ æóØóÇæõÓñ áóÞóÈñ¡ ãóÇÊó ÍóæóÇáóíú 106 åÜ¡ æóÚóØóÇÁñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÃóÈöí ÑóÈóÇÍò ÇáúÞõÑóÔöíøõ¡ æóãõÌóÇåöÏñ åõæó ÇÈúäõ ÌóÈúÑò.(2/66)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáÏøóæúÑó¡ æóáóßöäú áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöåóÇ¡ Èóáú ãöäó ÇáúÌóÇÆöÒö Ãóäøóåõãú ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöäõÕõæÕò ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉò Ãóæú ÈöåóÇ ãóÚó ãóÇ ÇÞúÊõÑöäó ÈöåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÞóÇíöíÓö¡ Ãóæú ÞóÑóÇÆöäö ÇáúÃóÍúæóÇáö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÓúÈóÇÈö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöåóÇ áóÇ ÛóíúÑó¡ áóßöäú ßõáøõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõåõãú¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãóãúäõæÚñ æóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ áóßöäú áóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö.
Þóæúáõßõãú áóãú íõæÌóÏú áóåõ äóßöíÑñ¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú æõÌõæåò: ãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Ýöí ãöíÑóÇËö ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö ÍóÊøóì ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóíúåö ÎóÈóÑõ ãõÍóãøóÏö Èúäö ãóÓúáóãóÉó.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÎóÈóÑó ÚõËúãóÇäó Ýöí ÅöÐúäö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÇáúÍóßóãö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÇáúÚóÇÕö.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÚõãóÑó ÎóÈóÑó ÃóÈöí ãõæÓóì ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøö Ýöí ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúÐóÇäö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: " «ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÞõæáõ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÓúÊóÃúÐóäó ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Úóáóì ÕóÇÍöÈöåö ËóáóÇËðÇ Ýóáóãú íõÄúÐóäú áóåõ¡ ÝóáúíóäúÕóÑöÝú» " ÍóÊøóì Ñóæóì ãóÚóåõ ÃóÈõæ ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøõ.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ Úóáöíøò ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ ÎóÈóÑó ÃóÈöí ÓöäóÇäò ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÝóæøóÖóÉö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÞúÈóáõ ÎóÈóÑó ÃóÍóÏò ÍóÊøóì íõÍóáøöÝóåõ¡ Óöæóì ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò.
æóãöäúåóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÎóÈóÑó ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÊóÚúÐöíÈö ÇáúãóíøöÊö ÈöÈõßóÇÁö Ãóåúáöåö Úóáóíúåö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÚóÏóãó ÇáÑøóÏøö æóÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÓõßõæÊó ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãõæóÇÝóÞóÉö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóáóÞøóæúåõ (1) ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöãõæÌöÈöåö¡ Ãóæú ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÎóÈóÑò¡ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóíúåö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ äóÝúíðÇ áöáúÎóØóÃö Úóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóíóãúÊóäöÚõ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ Èößõáøö ÎóÈóÑò áóãú íóÞúÈóáõæåõ.
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(1) ÝöíãóÇ ÊóáóÞøóæúåõ - ßóÇäó Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ¡ æóáóÚóáøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó: áóßöäú ÝöíãóÇ ÊóáóÞøóæúåõ. . ÅöáóÎú.(2/67)
ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÏóáóÇáóÉó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÍõÌøóÉð¡ áóßöäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ ÈöãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ¡ Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóáóÇ ÊóÞúÝõ ãóÇ áóíúÓó áóßó Èöåö Úöáúãñ} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóÃóäú ÊóÞõæáõæÇ Úóáóì Çááøóåö ãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚúáóãõæäó} ¡ æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú íóÊøóÈöÚõæäó ÅöáøóÇ ÇáÙøóäøó} ÐóßóÑó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáÐøóãøö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Úóãóáñ ÈöÛóíúÑö Úöáúãò æóÈöÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Íöíäó Óóáøóãó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóäö ÇËúäóÊóíúäö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: ( «ÃóÞúÕõÑóÊö ÇáÕøóáóÇÉõ Ãóãú äóÓöíÊó» ) ÍóÊøóì ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑõ æóãóäú ßóÇäó Ýöí ÇáÕøóÝøö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÝóÃóÊóãøó æóÓóÌóÏó áöáÓøóåúæö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æõÌõæåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ Ùõäøó ÕöÏúÞõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö¡ áóÌóÇÒó Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ (2) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö æóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö æóÊóÍóãøõáö ÇáúãóÔóÇÞøö¡ æóåõæó ãóÞúØõæÚñ Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ãóÙúäõæäðÇ.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íõÝúÖöí Åöáóì ÊóÑúßö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú ÎóÈóÑò ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÚóåõ ÎóÈóÑñ ÂÎóÑõ ãõÞóÇÈöáñ áóåõ.
ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ: Ãóäøó ÞóÈõæáó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÊóÞúáöíÏñ áöÐóáößó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÞúáöíÏõåõ áöãõÌúÊóåöÏò ÂÎóÑó.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÂÍóÇÏõåóÇ ÂÍóÇÏðÇ¡ Ýóåöíó ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúÌõãúáóÉö¡ ßóÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏóÉö ÈöÓóÎóÇÁö ÍóÇÊöãò æóÔóÌóÇÚóÉö ÚóäúÊóÑóÉó.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõãú áóæú ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøóÉö¡ áóßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÊõÍöíáõ ÊóæóÇØõÄóåõãú Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö äóÞúáöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Ýöí ãóæúÖöÚö ÇáúÅöÔúßóÇáö æóÙõåõæÑö ÇÓúÊöäóÇÏöåöãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó
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(1) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ.
(2) ÓóÈóÞó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóäúåõãóÇ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ.(2/68)
ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö.
ßóíúÝó æóÇáúãóäúÞõæáõ Úóäúåõãú ÎöáóÇÝõ Ðóáößó ÍóíúËõ ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ: (áóæú áóãú äóÓúãóÚú åóÐóÇ áóÞóÖóíúäóÇ Ýöíåö ÈöÛóíúÑö åóÐóÇ¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ( «ÍóÊøóì Ñóæóì áóäóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÎóÏöíÌò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Úóäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇäúÊóåóíúäóÇ» ) æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó ãöäúåõãú ãöäú ÑõÌõæÚöåöãú Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó Ýöí ÇáúÊöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóíúäö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ æóÌöÏøõåõãú Ýöí ØóáóÈö ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö æóÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ ÚóäúåóÇ ÚöäúÏó æõÞõæÚö ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó Úóãóáó ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãöäúåõãú ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ãóÚó ÓõßõæÊö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó Úóäö ÇáäøóßöíÑö Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóãóÇ Ñóæóæúåõ (1) ãöäó ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö Ãóæú ÊóæóÞøóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÃõãõæÑò ÇÞúÊóÖóÊú Ðóáößó ãöäú æõÌõæÏö ãõÚóÇÑöÖò Ãóæú ÝóæóÇÊö ÔóÑúØò¡ áóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö ÈöåóÇ Ýöí ÌöäúÓöåóÇ¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåöãú ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÙóæóÇåöÑó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÍõÌøóÉñ¡ æóÅöäú ÌóÇÒó ÊóÑúßõåóÇ æóÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝõ ÝöíåóÇ áöÃõãõæÑò ÎóÇÑöÌóÉò ÚóäúåóÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞóåõãú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÚöáúãó ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ Ãóäú áóæú áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÊóÚóÈøöÏöíäó ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÊóÚóÈøõÏöåöãú ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ÙóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõãú áöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ áößóæúäöåö ÙóäøöíøðÇ ãóÖúÈõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ ßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÌöåóÉö ÍõÌøóÉð ãóÚúãõæáðÇ ÈöåóǺ ÖóÑõæÑóÉð ÈöÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóíúåö ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÌöåóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó íóÚõãøõ ÎóÈóÑó ßõáøö ÚóÏúáò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÇÊö ÝóÌóæóÇÈõåóÇ ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÈóíóÇäö ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÚóÞúáðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö áöÊóæóåøõãöåö ÛóáóØóåõ áöÈõÚúÏö ÇäúÝöÑóÇÏöåö ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ðóáößó Ïõæäó ãóäú ÍóÖóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóãúÚö ÇáúßóËöíÑö.
æóãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÃóãóÇÑóÉö Çáúæóåúãö Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íóÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóæóÞøõÝõ Ýöíåö (2) ÝóÍóíúËõ æóÇÝóÞóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ ÇÑúÊóÝóÚó Íõßúãõ ÇáúÃóãóÇÑóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì æóåúãö Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö¡ æóÚóãöáó ÈöãõæÌöÈö ÎóÈóÑöåö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó
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(1) Ñóæóæúåõ - Ýöíåö ÊóÍúÑöíÝñ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÑóÏøõæåõ.
(2) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊóæóÞøóÝó áöãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ãóÇ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏóåõ áöÎóÈóÑö Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÊóÑóÌøóÍó Þóæúáõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó ÑóÌóÚó Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑöåöãú ÚóãóáðÇ ÈöÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö.(2/69)
Úóãóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó æóÛóíúÑöåöãóÇ¡ ãóÚó ÎóÈóÑö Ðöí ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Úóãóáñ ÈöÎóÈóÑò áóãú íóäúÊóåö Åöáóì ÍóÏøö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÝöí ÊóÓúáöíãöåö ÊóÓúáöíãõ ÇáúãóØúáõæÈö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÃóäøóåóÇ ãõäúÊóÞöÖóÉñ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÝóÊúæóì æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
ßóíúÝó æóÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÍóÇÕöáñ. æóÐóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóØó Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö ÇáÑøöÓóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáúÞóØúÚöíøõ¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäö ÇáÏøóáöíáõ ÇáÙøóäøöíøõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ ÝöíåóÇ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝõÑõæÚö (1) .
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÈóÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúØõæÚò ÈöåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæõÌõæÏö æóÇáÊøóßúáöíÝö Ýöí äóÝúÓö ÇáúÃóãúÑö. Èóáö ÇáÔøõÛúáõ ãõÍúÊóãöáñ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóäóÇ ÓóÈóÈõ ÇáÔøõÛúáö¡ ÝóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ ÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáÐøöãøóÉö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÑóÝúÚó ãóÞúØõæÚò ÈöãóÙúäõæäò.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáúÝóÊúæóì.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇáöËö: Ãóäøó ÊóÌúæöíÒó æõÌõæÏö ÎóÈóÑò ãõÚóÇÑöÖò áöáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáøóÐöí ÙóåóÑó áóÇ íóãúäóÚõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö Èöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ áóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöÏóáöíáò ãöäú ÙóæóÇåöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉöº áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ æõÑõæÏõ äóÇÓöÎò áóåõ Ãóæú ãõÎóÕøóÕò áóåõ¡ Èóáú æóáóãóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØò ãõÚóÇÑöÖò áóåõ (2) ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöáúÞóÇÖöí ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏóíúäö¡ æóáóÇ áöáúÚóÇãøöíøö ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöÝóÊúæóì ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏö áóåõ¡ áöÌóæóÇÒö æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ íõÚóÇÑöÖõåõ¡ æóÐóáößó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚö: Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÊóÞúáöíÏõ ÇáúÚóÇáöãö áöáúÚóÇáöãö¡ áöÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÏóÑóÌóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÊóÞúáöíÏõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏõ ãóÚó ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõãóÇ áóãú íóÓúÊóæöíóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÈóÏøó ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÝóáöÐóáößó æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÊóÞúáöíÏõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ.
æóÈöÇáúÌõãúáóÉö ÝóÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌõ ÈöãóÓúáóßö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäú ãóÓóÇáößö ÇáÙøõäõæäö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÊøóãóÓøõßõ Èöåö ÃóÞúÑóÈó ãöãøóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇáößö.
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ. Ì.
(2) ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØò ãõÚóÇÑöÖò áóåõ - Ýöíåö ÓóÞúØñ¡ æóÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑõ: ÈöÏóáöíáò ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØò áóÇ ãõÚóÇÑöÖó áóåõ.(2/70)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ Ýóãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ßóæúäó ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÞóØúÚöíøóÉð¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÊóÚóÐøóÑó Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÝúíõ æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊõ áöÚóÏóãö ãõÓóÇÚóÏóÉö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚö Úóáóì Ðóáößó.
æóãóäö ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ßóæúäóåóÇ ÙóäøöíøóÉð ÝóáúíóÊóãóÓøóßú ÈöãóÇ ÔóÇÁó ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇáößö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ (æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈöÇáÕøóæóÇÈö) (1) .
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýöí ÔóÑóÇÆöØö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö]
[ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãõßóáøóÝðÇ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí
Ýöí ÔóÑóÇÆöØö æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö æóãóÇ íóÊóÔóÚøóÈõ ÚóäúåóÇ ãöäó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ ÝóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäúåóÇ¡ æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ Ùõäøó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÔõÑõæØñ æóáóíúÓóÊú ßóÐóáößó.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉõ Ýóåöíó ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉñ:
ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãõßóáøóÝðÇ (2) .
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõßóáøóÝðÇ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÍóãøóáõåõ æóíõÄóÏøöíåö¡ ßóÇáúãóÌúäõæäö æóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÛóíúÑö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ (3) áöÊóãóßøõäö ÇáúÎóáóáö ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÈöÍóíúËõ íóÞúÏöÑõ Úóáóì ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö¡ ßóÇáÕøóÈöíøö ÇáúãõãóíøöÒö æóÇáúãõÑóÇåöÞö ÇáøóÐöí áóãú íóÈúÞó Èóíúäóåõ æóÈóíúäó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö Óöæóì ÇáÒøóãóÇäö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ (4) áóÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÖóÈúØöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóíúåö ãõÊóãóßøöäñ ãöäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöÞúÑóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÃóæúáóìº áöÃóäøóåõ ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ ÈöÇáúÚóÈúÏö æóÈöÇáúãóÍúÌõæÑö Úóáóíúåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöÞúÑóÇÑõåõ Úóáóì äóÝúÓöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ Èóáú áöÃóäøóÇ ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóÐöÈöåö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ íóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó (ÊóÚóÇáóì) áößóæúäöåö ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÈöíøö ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎóÇÝõ Çááøóåó ÊóÚóÇáóì áöÚóÏóãö ÊóßúáöíÝöåö íóßõæäõ ÃóÙúåóÑó
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÎóÑóÌó Èöåö ãöäú åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÊóÌöÏú Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÎúÑõÌú ÅöáøóÇ ÈöÊóÑúÏöíÏò Èóíúäó ßóæúäöåóÇ ÞóØúÚöíøóÉð æóÙóäøöíøóÉð¡ æóáóãú íóÑúßóäú Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÕöÍøõ åóÐóÇ ãóÚó ÏóÚúæóÇåõ Ýöí ãóæóÇÖöÚó ßóËöíÑóÉò Ãóäøó ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ¿ Èóáú ßóíúÝó íóÕöÍøõ Ðóáößó ãóÚó Þóæúáöåö æóÞóæúáö ßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó ÈöÇáúæóÞúÝö Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáó ßóËöíÑóÉò¡ ßóãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃóæóÇãöÑö áöÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö ÝöíåóÇ æóÞõæøóÉö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ãöäó ÇáØøóÑóÝóíúäö¡ æóÞóÏú íóÍóÇÑõ ÈóÚúÖõåõãú ÃóÍúíóÇäðÇ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓóÇÆóáóÉö¡ æóíõÍöíáõ ãóäú ÃóÑóÇÏó ÇáÊøóÍúÞöíÞó ÝöíåóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
(2) Ãóíú: ÈóÇáöÛðÇ ÚóÇÞöáðÇ.
(3) Ãóíú: áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÊóÍóãøõáõåõ æóáóÇ ÃóÏóÇÄõåõ.
(4) Ãóíú: ÃóÏóÇÄõåõ Ýöí Êöáúßó ÇáúÍóÇáóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ÕóÍøó ÊóÍóãøõáõåõ ÝöíåóÇ.(2/71)
ãöäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúßóÐöÈö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáÑøóÏøö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáöåö Ýöí ÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÊóØóåøöÑñ¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÇáÙøóäøó Èößóæúäöåö ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö Èöåö æóÞóÈõæáö (1) ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöº áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØó æóÇáÊøóÍóÝøõÙó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÔóÏøõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁö Èöåö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉöº æóáöåóÐóÇ ÕóÍøó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÚöäúÏó Ùóäøö ØóåóÇÑóÊöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ æóÅöäú Ùõäøó ÕöÏúÞõåõ.
æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáÕøöÈúíóÇäö ÝöíãóÇ íóÌúÑöí Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÌöäóÇíóÇÊö (2) ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõåõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÌöäóÇíóÇÊö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú ãöãøóÇ ÊóßúËõÑõ¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúÍóÇÌóÉó ãóÇÓøóÉñ Åöáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ðóáößó ÈöÇáúÞóÑóÇÆöäö¡ æóåöíó ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõãú ãóÚó ßóËúÑóÊöåöãú ÞóÈúáó ÊóÝóÑøõÞöåöãú¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÌóÇÑöíðÇ Úóáóì ãöäúåóÇÌö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóáóÇ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö (3) .
æóåóÐóÇ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö¡ æóßóÇäó ÖóÇÈöØðÇ áóåóÇ¡ æóÃóÏøóÇåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö æóÙõåõæÑö ÑõÔúÏöåö Ýöí Ïöíäöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉðº áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ Îóáóáó Ýöí ÊóÍóãøõáöåö æóáóÇ Ýöí ÃóÏóÇÆöåö¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóÌúãóÚóÊú Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò æóÇÈúäö ÇáÒøõÈóíúÑö æóÇáäøõÚúãóÇäö Èúäö ÈóÔöíÑò æóÛóíúÑöåöãú ãöäú ÃóÍúÏóÇËö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÝóÑúÞò Èóíúäó ãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáõæåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøöÛóÑö æóÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: ÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÇáÓøóáóÝö æóÇáúÎóáóÝö Úóáóì ãóÌóÇáöÓö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöãú áöãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáõæåõ Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøöÈóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÍóÑøõÒó Ýöí ÃóãúÑö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ Úóáóì ÑóÏøöåóÇ.
æóáóãú íõÎúÊóáóÝú Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÚóÈúÏö¡ æóÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö (4) ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑöåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóÞóÏú ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÍóãøóáóåõ ÇáÕøóÈöíøõ ãöäó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÞóÈúáó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÔóåöÏó Èöåö ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÈõáõæÛö ÞõÈöáóÊú ÔóåóÇÏóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ãóæúáóì ÈöÇáúÞóÈõæáö.
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(1) æóÞóÈõæáö - ÕóæóÇÈõåõ ÈöÍóÐúÝö ÇáúæóÇæö¡ æóåõæó ÝóÇÚöáõ íóáúÒóãõ.
(2) ßóÇáúãóÇáößöíøóÉö.
(3) Ãóíú: ÝóáóÇ íóÑöÏõ äóÞúÖðÇ ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóËúäóíóÇÊö.
(4) Ãóíú: Ýöí ÛóÇáöÈö ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.(2/72)
[ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÓúáöãðÇ]
æóÐóáößóº áöÃóäøó ÇáúßóÇÝöÑó ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóßõæäó ãõäúÊóãöíðÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãöáøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö¡ ßóÇáúíóåõæÏöíøö æóÇáäøóÕúÑóÇäöíøö (æóäóÍúæöåö) Ãóæú åõæó ãõäúÊóãò ÅöáóíúåóÇ ßóÇáúãõÌóÓøóãö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ áóÇ áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúßõÝúÑó ÃóÚúÙóãõ ÃóäúæóÇÚö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÝóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ Ãóæúáóì.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞó ÅöäøóãóÇ áóãú ÊõÞúÈóáú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áöãóÇ Úõáöãó ãöäú ÌõÑúÃóÊöåö Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúãõÍóÑøóãóÇÊö ãóÚó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÊóÍúÑöíãöåóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÑóåøöÈðÇ ÚóÏúáðÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåö ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ áöÊóÍúÑöíãö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ãõãúÊóäöÚðÇ ãöäúåõ ÍóÓóÈó ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö.
æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóáóì ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö Úóáóì ÑóÏøöåóÇ ÓóáúÈðÇ áöÃóåúáöíøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÕöÈö ÇáÔøóÑöíÝö Úóäúåõ áöÎöÓøóÊöåö (1) .
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö:
ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÃóßúËóÑö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ¡ ßóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö ãöäó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ (2) ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÑúÏõæÏõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ: Åöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóäö ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ÈöÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇáÊøóÏóíøõäö Èöåö áöäõÕúÑóÉö ãóÐúåóÈöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áöÚóÏóãö ÇáúæõËõæÞö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÊóÍóÑøöÌðÇ Ýöí ãóÐúåóÈöåö ãõÊóÍóÑøöÒðÇ Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÍóÓóÈó ÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒö ÇáúÚóÏúáö Úóäúåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ãóÞúÈõæáõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö áöÃóäøó ÕöÏúÞóåõ ÙóÇåöÑñ ãóÙúäõæäñ.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÑóÏøõåõ áóÇ áöãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÑóÏøöåö¡ æóáóÇ áöÞöíóÇÓöåö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúãöáøóÉö ÈöæóÇÓöØóÉö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßõÝúÑö ÇáúãõäóÇÓöÈö áöÓóáúÈö ÃóåúáöíøóÉö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÕöÈö Úóäúåõ¡ ÅöÐúáóÇáðÇ áóåõ.
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(1) æóáöÃóäøó ÎõÕõæãóÊóåõ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÚóÏóÇæóÊóåõ áóåõãú Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ãöãøóÇ íóÍúãöáõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóíúÏö áóåõãú æóÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö Úóáóíúåöãú Ýöí Ïöíäöåöãú¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÈúÛóÖóåõãú ãöäú ÃóÌúáöåö.
(2) ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóǺ Ãóíö: ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøõ ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÇáúãóÇáößöíøõ¡ ãóÇÊó Ýöí Ðöí ÇáúÞóÚúÏóÉö 403¡ æóÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÍóÇãöÏò ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãõÍóãøóÏò ÇáúÃóÔúÚóÑöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ¡ ãóÇÊó 505¡ æóÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúåóãóÐóÇäöíøõ Èúäõ ÃóÍúãóÏó ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãóÇÊó 405.(2/73)
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóáöÃóäøó áöáúÎóÕúãö ãóäúÚó ÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÑóÏøö Þóæúáö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóáóÇ ÓóÈöíáó Åöáóì ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúãöáøóÉö ãõÊóÚóÐøóÑñ ãöäú ÌöåóÉö Ãóäøó ßõÝúÑóåõ ÃóÔóÏøõ æóÃóÛúáóÙõ æóÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäú ßõÝúÑö ãóäú åõæó ãöäú Ãóåúáö ÇáúÞöÈúáóÉö¡ áößóËúÑóÉö ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöáúÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãöíøóÉö ÃõÕõæáðÇ æóÝõÑõæÚðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøóáö áóåóÇ.
ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÐúáóÇáõåõ ÈöÓóáúÈö åóÐóÇ ÇáúãóäúÕöÈö Úóäúåõ Ãóæúáóì¡ æóãóÚó åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóæúáóæöíøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÞöíóÇÓó.
Èóáö ÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÃò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ Ãóäú ÊõÕöíÈõæÇ ÞóæúãðÇ ÈöÌóåóÇáóÉò} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö ÚöäúÏó ÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÝóÇÓöÞñº áöÃóäøó ÇáúßõÝúÑó ÃóÚúáóì ÏóÑóÌóÇÊö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ ÝóÇáúÂíóÉõ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÚóÇãøóÉð ÈöáóÝúÙöåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÝóÇÓöÞò¡ ÝóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÏóÇÎöáñ ÊóÍúÊóåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú Êóßõäú ÚóÇãøóÉð ÈöáóÝúÙöåóÇ Ýöí ßõáøö ÝóÇÓöÞò¡ Ýóåöíó ÚóÇãøóÉñ ÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúãóÚúäóì Çáúãõæãóì Åöáóíúåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ ãöäú ÍóíúËõ Åöäøóåõ ÑóÊøóÈó ÑóÏøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ßóæúäö ÇáúÂÊöí Èöåö ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ãóÚó ãõäóÇÓóÈóÊöåö áóåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÚöáøóÉð áöáÑøóÏøö¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÇáúãõÑóÊøóÈõ Úóáóíúåö ÑóÏøõ ÇáúÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãõÓóãøóì ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ æóåõæó Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÎóÇÕøñ Èöãóäú åõæó ãõÓúáöãñ ÕóÏóÑóÊú ãöäúåõ ßóÈöíÑóÉñ¡ Ãóæú æóÇÙóÈó Úóáóì ÕóÛöíÑóÉò ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÊóäóÇæöáðÇ áöáúßóÇÝöÑö.
æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÊóäóÇæõáóåõ áöáúßóÇÝöÑö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó " äóÍúäõ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó " æóÇáúßóÇÝöÑõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáõ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóÍóÑøöÒðÇ Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóÞóÏú ÙóåóÑó ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö áöáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÈöãóäúÚö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇÓúãö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö Ýöí ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöÇáúãõÓúáöãö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÚõÑúÝðÇ áöáúãõÊóÃóÎøöÑöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö¡ æóßóáóÇãõ ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö ÅöäøóãóÇ íóäúÒöáõ Úóáóì ÚõÑúÝöåö¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÕóÇÑó ÚõÑúÝðÇ áöáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó Íóãúáó ÇáúÂíóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÇáúãõÓúáöãö ãöãøóÇ íõæåöãõ ÞóÈõæáó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö Úóáóì ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö¡ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÞóÖöíøóÉö ÇáúãóÝúåõæãö¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó Íóãúáó ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉõ Ïóáöíáò¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóÕúáö.
æóÚóäö ÇáÓøõÄóÇáö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóæúáóì¡ áöÊóæóÇÊõÑöåö æóÎõÕõæÕöåö ÈöÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóì ÊóÎúÕöíÕöåö æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÂÍóÇÏñ¡ æóåõæó ãõÊóäóÇæöáñ áöáúßóÇÝöÑö(2/74)
ÈöÚõãõæãö ßóæúäö ÎóÈóÑöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãõÎóÇáöÝñ áöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúßóÇÝöÑö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö Úóäö ÇáúãöáøóÉö¡ æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÅöÐóÇ Ùõäøó ÕöÏúÞõåõ ÝóÅöäøó ÎóÈóÑóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
[ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÖóÈúØõåõ áöãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåõ ÃóÑúÌóÍó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÖóÈúØöåö]
ö¡ æóÐößúÑõåõ áóåõ ÃóÑúÌóÍó ãöäú Óóåúæöåö¡ áöÍõÕõæáö ÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö.
æóÅöáøóÇ¡ ÝóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÑõÌúÍóÇäò ãõÞóÇÈöáö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäó ÇáúÃóãúÑóíúäö Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ãõÚóÇÏóáóÊöåö áóåõ ÝóÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉð áöÚóÏóãö ÍõÕõæáö ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö¡ ÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì ÃóÍóÏö ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö Ýóáößóæúäö ÕöÏúÞöåö ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ¡ æóÅöãøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÝóáöÖóÑõæÑóÉö ÇáÊøóÓóÇæöí.
æóÅöäú Ìõåöáó ÍóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ ßóÇäó ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúáóãö ÇáúÃóÛúáóÈõ ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö æóÇáöÇãúÊöÍóÇäö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó Åöäøóåõ æóÅöäú ÛóáóÈó ÇáÓøóåúæõ Úóáóì ÇáÐøößúÑö Ãóæú ÊóÚóÇÏóáóÇ ÝóÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäúåõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóËöÞõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÐößúÑöåö áóåõ æóÖóÈúØöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÃóäúßóÑóÊú Úóáóì ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ßóËúÑóÉó ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ ÚóäúåóÇ: ÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ áóÞóÏú ßóÇäó ÑóÌõáðÇ ãöåúÒóÇÑðÇ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö (1) æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÞóÈöáõæÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑóåõ¡ áöãóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóËöÞõ ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö ÈöÖóÈúØöåö æóÐößúÑöåö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ïóáöíáñ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ¡ ÝóÊóÓóÇæöí ÇáÖøóÈúØö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇáö æóÇáÐøößúÑö æóÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõæÌöÈñ áöáÔøóßøö Ýöí ÇáÕøöÍøóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóßøõ Ýöí Ðóáößó áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ¡ Ëõãøó Ôóßøó ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ ãõÍúÏöËñ Ãóæú ØóÇåöÑñ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó åóÇåõäóÇ áóÇ íõÊúÑóßõ ÈöåóÐóÇ ÇáÔøóßøö.
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(1) ÍóÏöíËõ ÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö íõÔöíÑõ Èöåö Åöáóì ÍóÏöíËö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí äóåúíö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóäú ÞóÇãó ãöäó Çáäøóæúãö Ãóäú íõÏúÎöáó íóÏóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÅöäóÇÁö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íóÛúÓöáóåóÇ ËóáóÇËðÇ¡ æóãõÑóÇÌóÚóÊõåõ Ýöíåö åóÐóÇ¡ æóáóãú íóËúÈõÊú Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÑóãóÊú ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÇáúåóÐúÑó¡ æóáóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ: ãóÇ ÊóÕúäõÚõ ÈöÇáúãöåúÑóÇÓö¿ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÓóÃóáóåõ ÑóÌõáñ íõÞóÇáõ áóåõ Þóíúäñ ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøõ - ÇäúÙõÑú ãõÓúäóÏó ÃóÍúãóÏó¡ æóÑóÏøó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Èúäö íóÍúíóì ÇáúãõÚóáøöãöíøö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí ÑóíøóÉó¡ æóãóÇ ßóÊóÈóåõ ÇáÏøõßúÊõæÑõ ãõÕúØóÝóì ÇáÓøöÈóÇÚöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌóáøóÏö ÇáúÚóÇÔöÑö ãöäú ãóÌóáøóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãõæäó.(2/75)
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÑóÖõ (1) ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÛóáóÈóÉõ ÇáÓøóåúæö Ãóæö ÇáÊøóÚóÇÏõáõ¡ ÝóÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ÐóÇßöÑñ áóåõ¡ ÝóÐóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÍõÕõæáó ÇáÙøóäøö ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåöº áöÃóäøó ãöäú ÔóÃúäöåö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäó íóÙõäøõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ äóÓöíó¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó äóÇÓöíðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöäúßóÇÑõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ßóËúÑóÉó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ Ýóáóãú íóßõäú Ðóáößó áöÇÎúÊöáóÇáö ÖóÈúØöåö æóÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö Úóáóíúåö¡ Èóáú áöÃóäøó ÇáúÅößúËóÇÑó ãöãøóÇ áóÇ íõÄúãóäõ ãóÚóåõ ÇÎúÊöáóÇáõ ÇáÖøóÈúØö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúÑöÖõ áöãóäú ÞóáøóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÈóÚöíÏðÇ.
æóãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäú Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó Ïóáöíáñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáó Ýöíåö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊúÑóßõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöíåö ÇáÕøöÍøóÉõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÛóáøöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö¡ æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÊóÑúÌöíÍö ÐößúÑö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì äöÓúíóÇäöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÛóáøöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÏóáöíáðÇ áöæõÞõæÚö ÇáÊøóÑóÏøõÏö Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÏóáöíáðÇ áóÇ Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏóËö¡ Ëõãøó ÊóíóÞøóäó ÓóÇÈöÞóÉó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÊóíóÞøõäó ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö ÇáÓøóÇÈöÞóÉö áóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöíåö ÇáÔøóßøõ ÇáØøóÇÑöÆõ¡ æóÈöÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóíúåö íóÊóÑóÌøóÍõ Åöáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏõ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÈúÞóì ãóÚóåõ ÇáÔøóßøõ Ýöí ÇáÏøóæóÇãö ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÈóÞöíó ÇáÔøóßøõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÙóÑö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ áóãóÇ Íõßöãó ÈöÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉö.
[ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãõÊøóÕöÝðÇ ÈöÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö]
ö æóÐóáößó íóÊóæóÞøóÝõ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö (ÇáúÚóÏúáö) áõÛóÉð æóÔóÑúÚðÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÚóÏúáõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö¡ Ýóåõæó ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇáúãõÊóæóÓøöØö Ýöí ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöÝúÑóÇØò Ýöí ØóÑóÝóíö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäö¡ æóãöäúåõ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ} Ãóíú ÚóÏúáðÇ.
ÝóÇáúæóÓóØõ æóÇáúÚóÏúáõ ÈöãóÚúäðì æóÇÍöÏò.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ Ýöí ÇááøõÛóÉö æóÇáúãõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÇáúãóÕúÏóÑõ ÇáúãõÞóÇÈöáõ áöáúÌóæúÑö¡ æóåõæó ÇÊøöÕóÇÝõ ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÈöÝöÚúáö ãóÇ íóÌöÈõ áóåõ¡ æóÊóÑúßö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ¡ æóÇáúÌóæúÑõ Ýöí ãõÞóÇÈóáóÊöåö.
æóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ: æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ãóÇ ßóÇäó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÝúÚóÇáö ÇáúÍóÓóäóÉö íóÊóÚóÏøóì ÇáúÝóÇÚöáõ Åöáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ áöáúãóáößö ÇáúãõÍúÓöäö Åöáóì ÑóÚöíøóÊöåö: ÚóÇÏöáñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí áöÓóÇäö ÇáúãõÊóÔóÑøöÚóÉö¡ ÝóÞóÏú íõØúáóÞõ æóíõÑóÇÏõ Èöåö ÃóåúáöíøóÉõ ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
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(1) ÇáúÛóÑóÖõº ÈóÇáúÛóíúäö¡ ÕóæóÇÈõåõ: ÇáúÝóÑúÖõº ÈöÇáúÝóÇÁö.(2/76)
æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì åóÐöåö ÇáúÃóåúáöíøóÉö ÅöäøóåóÇ ÚöÈóÇÑóÉñ Úóäö ÇÓúÊöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáÓøöíÑóÉö æóÇáÏøöíäö.
æóÍóÇÕöáõåóÇ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì åóíúÆóÉò ÑóÇÓöÎóÉò Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÊóÍúãöáõ Úóáóì ãõáóÇÒóãóÉö ÇáÊøóÞúæóì æóÇáúãõÑõæÁóÉö ÌóãöíÚðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì ÊóÍúÕõáó ËöÞóÉõ ÇáäøõÝõæÓö ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö.
æóÐóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÈöÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö æóÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑõ ÝóÞóÏú Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚõãóÑó Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑõ ÊöÓúÚñº ÇáÔøöÑúßõ ÈöÇááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì¡ æóÞóÊúáõ ÇáäøóÝúÓö ÇáúãõÄúãöäóÉö¡ æóÞóÐúÝõ ÇáúãõÍúÕóäóÉö¡ æóÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóÇáúÝöÑóÇÑõ ãöäó ÇáÒøóÍúÝö¡ æóÇáÓøöÍúÑõ¡ æóÃóßúáõ ãóÇáö ÇáúíóÊöíãö¡ æóÚõÞõæÞõ ÇáúæóÇáöÏóíúäö ÇáúãõÓúáöãóíúäö¡ æóÇáúÅöáúÍóÇÏõ ÈöÇáúÈóíúÊö ÇáúÍóÑóÇãö» ".
æóÑóæóì ÃóÈõæ åõÑóíúÑóÉó ãóÚó Ðóáößó: «Ãóßúáõ ÇáÑøöÈóÇ¡ æóÇáöÇäúÞöáóÇÈõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö ÈóÚúÏó åöÌúÑóÉò» .
æóÑõæöíó Úóäú Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÃóÖóÇÝó Åöáóì Ðóáößó: ÇáÓøóÑöÞóÉõ¡ æóÔõÑúÈõ ÇáúÎóãúÑö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøóÛóÇÆöÑö ÝóãóÇ íóÏõáøõ ÝöÚúáõåõ Úóáóì äóÞúÖö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáÊøóÑóÝøõÚö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÐóáößó ßóÓóÑöÞóÉö áõÞúãóÉò¡ æóÇáÊøóØúÝöíÝö ÈöÍóÈøóÉò¡ æóÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÃõÌúÑóÉö Úóáóì ÅöÓúãóÇÚö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãõÈóÇÍóÇÊö ÝöíãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì äóÞúÕö ÇáúãõÑõæÁóÉö¡ æóÏóäóÇÁóÉö ÇáúåöãøóÉö¡ ßóÇáúÃóßúáö Ýöí ÇáÓøõæÞö æóÇáúÈóæúáö Ýöí ÇáÔøóæóÇÑöÚö æóÕõÍúÈóÉö ÇáúÃóÑóÇÐöáö¡ æóÇáúÅöÝúÑóÇØö Ýöí ÇáúãóÒúÍö. æóäóÍúæö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÓõÑúÚóÉö ÇáúÅöÞúÏóÇãö Úóáóì ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáöÇßúÊöÑóÇËö Èöåö.
æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãóº áöÃóäøó ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÊóäöÈõ åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑó ÃóÍúÑóì Ãóäú áóÇ íóÌúÊóäöÈó ÇáúßóÐöÈó¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóæúËõæÞðÇ ÈöÞóæúáöåö.
æóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóÊóÎúÊóÕøõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ÈöÔõÑõæØò ÃõÎóÑó: ßóÇáúÍõÑøöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáÐøõßõæÑóÉö¡ æóÇáúÚóÏóÏö æóÇáúÈóÕóÑö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉö.
æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ ÔõÑõæØó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ÐößúÑö ãóÓóÇÆöáó ãõÊóÔóÚøöÈóÉò Úóäú ÔõÑõæØö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÌóÑóÊö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ ÈöÐößúÑöåóÇ æóåöíó ËóãóÇäõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáúßóÈöíÑóÉö æóÃóÍóÇÏöíËöåóÇ Ýöí ßõÊõÈö ÇáúßóÈóÇÆöÑö¡ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÌóÑöíÑò Ýöí Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö æóÇáúÂËóÇÑö Ýöí ÊóÝúÓöíÑöåö áöÂíóÉö (Åöäú ÊóÌúÊóäöÈõæÇ ßóÈóÇÆöÑó ãóÇ Êõäúåóæúäó Úóäúåõ äõßóÝøöÑú Úóäúßõãú ÓóíøöÆóÇÊößõãú) ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö.(2/77)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì ãóÌúåõæáó ÇáúÍóÇáö ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÃóßúËóÑö Ãóåúáö ÇáúÚöáúãö Ãóäøó ãóÌúåõæáó ÇáúÍóÇáö (1) ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÎöÈúÑóÉò ÈóÇØöäóÉò ÈöÍóÇáöåö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÓöíÑóÊöåö¡ æóßóÔúÝö ÓóÑöíÑóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú ÊóÒúßöíóÉö ãóäú ÚõÑöÝóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ æóÊóÚúÏöíáõåõ áóåõ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚõåõ: íõßúÊóÝóì Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó ÈöÍõÌóÌò:
ÇáúÃõæáóì: Ãóäøó ÇáÏøóáöíáó íóäúÝöí ÞóÈõæáó ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ} ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöíãóäú ÙóåóÑóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö ÈöãóÚúäóì áóÇ æõÌõæÏó áóåõ Ýöí ãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóåõæó ãóÇ ÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÙõåõæÑö ÇáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÈóáó.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúÂíóÉõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÏóáøóÊú Úóáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö¡ æóãóäú ÙóåóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ æóÓóáöãó ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÍóÊøóì íóäúÏóÑöÌó ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãö ÇáúÂíóÉö.
æóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö Ýöíåö áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ßóæúäóåõ ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ ÈöÏóáöíáö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúãõÊøóÝöÞö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ: Ãóäøóåõ ãóÌúåõæáõ ÇáúÍóÇáö ÝóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉöº ÏóÝúÚðÇ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ßóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÞóÇÆöãðÇ (ÙóÇåöÑðÇ) ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÇáÕøöÏúÞö ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
æóãóÚó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáö íóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáÑøóÏøö¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉöº áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØó Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÊóãøõ ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ æóÇáúÍõÑöíøóÉõ ãõÔúÊóÑóØðÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóãõÊóÚóÈøóÏðÇ ÝöíåóÇ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ÎóÇÕøóÉò ÛóíúÑö ãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉò Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó " ÃóÚúáóãõ " ÈóÏóáó Þóæúáöåö " ÃóÔúåóÏõ " áóãú íóßõäú ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ.
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(1) ãóÌúåõæáõ ÇáúÍóÇáö: ãóäú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÇËúäóÇäö ÝóÃóßúËóÑõ æóáóãú íõæËøóÞú¡ æóíõÓóãøóì ãóÓúÊõæÑðÇ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÈöãóÌúåõæáö ÇáúÚóíúäö Ýóåõæó ãóäú ÚõÑöÝó ÇÓúãõåõ æóáóßöäö ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóãóäú áóãú íõÓóãøó ÝóãõÈúåóãñ ßóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÑóÌõáñ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáËøöÞóÉõ æóåõæó ÃóÏúÎõáõ Ýöí ÌóåóÇáóÉö ÇáúÚóíúäö ãöãøóÇ ÞóÈúáóåõ(2/78)
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÈöÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÉö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ: ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÚóáóì Ãóäøó ÈõáõæÛó ÑõÊúÈóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÝóÊúæóì¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ÍóÇáõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ÏóÝúÚðÇ áöáúãóÝúÓóÏóÉö ÇááøóÇÒöãóÉö ãöäú ÝóæóÇÊö ÇáÔøóÑúØö ßóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ÈöÇáöÇÎúÊöÈóÇÑö ÈõáõæÛõ ÇáúãõÝúÊöí ÑõÊúÈóÉó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõÞóáøöÏö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÇáúãõÌúãóÚõ Úóáóì ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØöåö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÈöãóÚúäóì ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ Ãóæú ÈöãóÚúäðì ÂÎóÑó¡ æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ ãõÓóáøóãñ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóÇ åõæó ÇáÔøóÑúØõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞñ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáËøóÇäöí ãóãúäõæÚñ.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÛóíúÑõ ãõäóÇÓöÈò áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÙõåõæÑö ãõäóÇÓóÈóÉö ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö¡ ÝóÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑõ ÈöÇáúãõÝúÊöí ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäòº æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÈõáõæÛó ÑõÊúÈóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÕõæáö ãöäú ÍõÕõæáö ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÃóÛúáóÈó æõÞõæÚðÇ ãöäú ÑõÊúÈóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöí ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÚóÏóãö ÕöÝóÉö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö íóßõæäõ ÃóÛúáóÈó ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÕöÝóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö ÞóÈõæáö Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÝúÊöí ãóÚó ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÍóÇáöåö ÇáúÞóÈõæáõ ÈöÚóÏóãö Þóæúáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãóÚó ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÍóÇáöåö.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ: Ãóäøó ÚóÏóãó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóÇÚúÊõÈöÑó Ýöíåö ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉõ ÇáúÈóÇØöäöíøóÉõ ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉð Ýöí ÏóÝúÚö ÇáÖøóÑóÑö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÚóÏóãö ÇáÕøóÈöíøö æóÇáÑøöÞøö æóÇáúßõÝúÑö Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÕúÝö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö ÛóíúÑõ ãõäóÇÓöÈò áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõÌøóÉö ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ãõäóÇÓóÈóÊöåö ÝóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÛóíúÑõ ãõãúßöäò áöãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
ÇáúÍõÌøóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ: ÞóÇáõæÇ: ÑóÏøó ÚõãóÑõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÞóíúÓò áóãøóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ãóÌúåõæáóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáö¡ æóÚóáöíøñ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ ÑóÏøó Þóæúáó ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö Ýöí ÇáúãõÝóæøóÖóÉö¡ æóÇÔúÊõåöÑó Ðóáößó ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑúåõ ãõäúßöÑñ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÚõãóÑó áöÎóÈóÑö ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÃóäøóåõ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõ ÕöÏúÞõåóÇ (1) .
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(1) ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉó ÍóÏöíËöåóÇ áöãóÇ Ýóåöãóåõ ãöäú Þóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: (áóÇ ÊõÎúÑöÌõæåõäøó ãöäú ÈõíõæÊöåöäøó æóáóÇ íóÎúÑõÌúäó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóÃúÊöíäó ÈöÝóÇÍöÔóÉò ãõÈóíøöäóÉò) ¡ æóÞóæúáöåö: (ÃóÓúßöäõæåõäøó ãöäú ÍóíúËõ ÓóßóäúÊõãú ãöäú æõÌúÏößõãú) ÓõæÑóÉõ ÇáØøóáóÇÞö¡ ÝóÑóÏøóåõ¡ æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó áöÌóåóÇáóÉö ÍóÇáöåóÇ.(2/79)
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ßóíúÝó äóÞúÈóáõ Þóæúáó ÇãúÑóÃóÉò áóÇ äóÏúÑöí ÃóÕúÏóÞóÊú Ãóãú ßóÐöÈóÊú.
æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö áóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú ÙóåóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ æóÓóáóÇãóÊõåõ ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÕöÏúÞöåö áóÇ ãóÍóÇáóÉó ÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ßóÐöÈöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÑóÏøõ Úóáöíøò Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ áöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøö ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó ÃóíúÖðÇ áöÚóÏóãö ÙõåõæÑö ÕöÏúÞöåö ÚöäúÏóåõº æóáöåóÐóÇ æóÕóÝóåõ Èößóæúäöåö ÈóæøóÇáðÇ Úóáóì ÚóÞöÈóíúåöº Ãóíú: ÛóíúÑö ãõÍúÊóÑöÒò Ýöí ÃõãõæÑö Ïöíäöåö.
æóíóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÎóÇáöÝðÇ áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «äóÍúäõ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó» ".
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÃóäøóÇ äóÞõæáõ: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöæõÌõæÈö ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóÌúåõæáö ÇáúÍóÇáö íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöíøóÉñ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ßóÇÝöíðÇ ÝöíåóÇ (1) .
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÈóíóÇäõ æõÌõæÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ Ýóãöäú ÌöåóÉö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóÇáÓøõäøóÉö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊö ãóÔúÑõæØðÇ ÈöÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÝóãóÇ áóãú íóÙúåóÑö ÇáúÝöÓúÞõ áóÇ íóÌöÈõ ÇáÊøóËóÈøõÊõ Ýöíåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÓøõäøóÉõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Þóæúáõåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó» " (2) æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö ÇáÕøöÏúÞõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áóãøóÇ ÌóÇÁóåõ ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøõ¡ æóÞóÇáó: (ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ) æóÔóåöÏó ÈöÑõÄúíóÉö ÇáúåöáóÇáö ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ ÞóÈúáó ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÃóãóÑó ÈöÇáäøöÏóÇÁö ÈöÇáÕøóæúãö áóãøóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÚöäúÏóåõ ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõ
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(1) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇÚúÊöÑóÇÝñ ÈöÃóäøó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ãóÇ åõæó Ùóäøöíøñ Èóáú ãóäú ÊóÊóÈøóÚó ÇáúãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝöíøóÉó Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáúÝöÞúåö æóÌóÏó ÃóßúËóÑóåóÇ ÙóäøöíøðÇ Èóáú íóÍóÇÑõ ÇáúßóËöíÑõ ãöäúåõãú Ýöí ßóËöíÑò ãöäúåóÇ ÚöäúÏó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö æóÊóßóÇÝõÆöåóÇ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö æóáóÇ íóÞúæóì Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö¡ æóãöäú ÃõæáóÆößó ÇáúÂãöÏöíøõ
(2) ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóæúßóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÌúãõæÚóÉö ÇáúãõÝöíÏóÉö: ÍóÏöíËõ: äóÍúäõ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ íóÍúÊóÌøõ Èöåö Ãóåúáõ ÇáúÃõÕõæáö æóáóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ: ÃóÞõæáõ: ÞóÏú æóÑóÏó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóÉö ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ áöãóÚúäóÇåõ ãöËúáó Þóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó áöÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÃóÔóÞóÞúÊó Úóäú ÞóáúÈöåö ÅöäúßóÇÑðÇ áöÇÚúÊöÐóÇÑöåö Úóäú ÞóÊúáöåö ãóäú ÞóÇáó áóÇ Åöáóåó ÅöáøóÇ Çááøóåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÞóÇáóåóÇ ÊóÚóæøõÐðÇ(2/80)
æóáóãú íóÚúáóãú ãöäúåõ ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÝöÓúÞðÇ¡ ÝóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ãóæúáóì (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ßóÇäõæÇ ãõÊøóÝöÞöíäó Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÃóÞúæóÇáö ÇáúÚóÈöíÏö æóÇáäøöÓúæóÇäö æóÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈö ÇáúãóÌóÇåöíáö áóãøóÇ ÙóåóÑó ÅöÓúáóÇãõåõãú æóÓóáóÇãóÊõåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ãõÓúáöãñ áóãú íóÙúåóÑú ãöäúåõ ÝöÓúÞñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÎóÈóÑõåõ ãóÞúÈõæáðÇ ßóÅöÎúÈóÇÑöåö Èößóæúäö ÇááøóÍúãö (áóÍúãó) ãõÐóßøðì¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúãóÇÁö ØóÇåöÑðÇ Ãóæú äóÌöÓðÇ¡ æóßóæúäö ÇáúÌóÇÑöíóÉö ÇáúãóÈöíÚóÉö ÑóÞöíÞóÉð¡ æóßóæúäöåö ãõÊóØóåøöÑðÇ Úóäö ÇáúÍóÏóËóíúäöº ÍóÊøóì íóÕöÍøó ÇáöÇÞúÊöÏóÇÁõ Èöåö¡ æóäóÍúæöåö.
æóÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÃóÓúáóãó ßóÇÝöÑñ¡ æóÑóæóì ÚóÞöíÈó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö ÎóÈóÑðÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãõåúáóÉò¡ ÝóãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö æóÚóÏóãö æõÌõæÏö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÝöÓúÞóåõ ÈóÚúÏó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ íóãúÊóäöÚõ ÑóÏøõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÞõÈöáóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ÍóÇáó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ ÝóØõæáõ ãõÏøóÊöåö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ ÊõæÌöÈó ÑóÏøóåõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöãõæÌöÈöåóÇ äóÝúíðÇ æóÅöËúÈóÇÊðÇ ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ßóæúäöåö ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ Ãóæú áóíúÓó ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ áóÇ Úóáóì ÚóÏóãö ÚöáúãöäóÇ ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÊöãøõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÍúËö æóÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ÍóÇáöåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ ãöäú ËóáóÇËóÉö ÃóæúÌõåò:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÃóÖóÇÝó ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö Åöáóì äóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö Úóáóíúåö¡ áóÇ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇáäøóÕøö ÇáúãóÐúßõæÑö¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóíúåö ãõãúÊóäöÚñº áöÃóäøó ãóÇ áöáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ãöäó ÇáöÇØøöáóÇÚö æóÇáúãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÈöÃóÍúæóÇáö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö áöÕóÝóÇÁö ÌóæúåóÑö äóÝúÓöåö æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕöåö Úóäö ÇáúÎóáúÞö ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúÑöÝõåõ ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúåõãú ãóäö ÇáúÃõãõæÑö ÇáúÛóíúÈöíøóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑõ ãõÊóÍóÞøöÞò Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÛóíúÑöåö (2) .
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÊøóÈó ÇáúÍõßúãó Úóáóì ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÐóáößó æóÅöäú ßóÇäó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóæúäöåö ÚöáøóÉð áöÞóÈõæáöåö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÝóÊóÎóáøõÝõ ÇáúÍõßúãö Úóäúåõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚõÞõæÈóÇÊö æóÇáúÝóÊúæóì íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÚöáøóÉò.
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(1) ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóæóÇåõ ÇáúÃóÑúÈóÚóÉõ Ýöí ÇáÓøõäóäö ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÓöãóÇßö Èúäö ÍóÑúÈò¡ Úóäú ÚößúÑöãóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ãóæúÕõæáðÇ æóãõÑúÓóáðÇ¡ æóÇáÑøóÇÌöÍõ Ãóäøóåõ ãõÑúÓóáñ
(2) ÍóÏöíËõ ÅöäúßóÇÑöåö Úóáóì ÃõÓóÇãóÉó ÈöÞóæúáöåö: " ÃóÔóÞóÞúÊó Úóäú ÞóáúÈöåö " æóãóÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ íóÏõáøõ äóÕøðÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ Íõßúãõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóáóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì ÞöíóÇÓò(2/81)
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ¡ ÇáúãõÚóÇÑóÖóÉõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó áóÇ íõÛúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÔóíúÆðÇ} æóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÚõãõæãö ÃóÍóÏö ÇáäøóÕøóíúäö æóÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ Èóáö ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúÂíóÉö Ãóæúáóìº áöÃóäøóåóÇ ãõÊóæóÇÊöÑóÉñ æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ÂÍóÇÏñ.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáËøóÇäöí: áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ áóãú íóÚúáóãú ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö Óöæóì ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÞóÈöáõæÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÃóÍóÏò ãöäó ÇáúãóÌóÇåöíáö ÝöíãóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóáöåóÐóÇ¡ ÑóÏøõæÇ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ãóäú Ìóåöáõæåõ ßóÑóÏøö ÚõãóÑó ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÝóÇØöãóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÞóíúÓò¡ (1) æóÑóÏøö Úóáöíøò ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÃóÚúÑóÇÈöíøö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ÕõæóÑö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏö æóãóÍóáøö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö.
æóÐóáößó ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäöº ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÚúáóì ÑõÊúÈóÉð æóÃóÔúÑóÝõ ãóäúÕöÈðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ãóÚó ÇáúÌóåúáö ÈöÍóÇáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÝöíãóÇ åõæó ÃóÏúäóì ÇáÑøõÊúÈóÊóíúäö ÞóÈõæáõåõ Ýöí ÃóÚúáóÇåöãóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÎúÈóÇÑó ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÕøõæóÑö ãóÞúÈõæáñ ãóÚó ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí: ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÈöãóäúÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Ïõæäó ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉö ÈöÍóÇáöåö¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßóÐõæÈðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÈóÇÞò Úóáóì ØóÈúÚöåö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Ýöí ãóÈúÏóÃö ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÍóÇáóÉö ÏóæóÇãöåö¡ áöãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÏóæóÇãöåö ãöäú ÑöÞøóÉö ÇáúÞóáúÈö¡ æóÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöãõæÌöÈóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇáúÍöÑúÕö Úóáóì ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ãóÃúãõæÑóÇÊöåö¡ æóÇÌúÊöäóÇÈö ãóäúåöíøóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ íóÔúåóÏõ Èöåö ÇáúÚõÑúÝõ æóÇáúÚóÇÏóÉõ Ýöí ÍóÞøö ßõáøö ãóäú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ãóÍúÈõæÈò æóÇáúÊóÒóãóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÛóÑóÇãóåõ Èöåö Ýöí ÇáöÇÈúÊöÏóÇÁö íóßõæäõ ÃóÔóÏøó ãöäúåõ Ýöí ÏóæóÇãöåö.
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(1) ÝóÇØöãóÉõ ÈöäúÊõ ÞóíúÓò ÃóæøóáðÇ áóíúÓóÊú ãóÌúåõæáóÉó ÇáúÍóÇáö ÚöäúÏó ÚõãóÑó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÑóÏøó ÍóÏöíËóåóÇ áöÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøóåõ ãõÚóÇÑöÖñ áöáúÞõÑúÂäö ßóãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ¡ æóËóÇäöíðÇ åöíó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøóÉñº æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÚõÏõæáñ(2/82)
[ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÝöÓúÞó äóÝúÓöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÇáúãõÊóÃóæøöáõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ íóÚúáóãõ ÝöÓúÞó äóÝúÓöåö áóÇ íóÎúáõæ¡ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝöÓúÞõåõ ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ Ãóæú ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ ßóÝöÓúÞö ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøö ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáäøóÈöíÐó¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ÞóÈõæáõ ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö æóÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ: ÅöÐóÇ ÔóÑöÈó ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ÇáäøóÈöíÐó ÃõÍöÏøõåõ æóÃóÞúÈóáõ ÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõ.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÝöÓúÞõåõ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÇáúßóÐöÈó æóíóÊóÏóíøóäõ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ßóÇáúÎóØøóÇÈöíøóÉö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇÝöÖóÉöº áöÃóäøóåõãú íóÑóæúäó ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÇáÒøõæÑö áöãõæóÇÝóÞöíåöãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÐúåóÈö.
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí ßóÝöÓúÞö ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ÇáøóÐöíäó ÇÓúÊóÈóÇÍõæÇ ÇáÏøóÇÑó¡ æóÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáúÃóØúÝóÇáó æóÇáäøöÓúæóÇäó Ýóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö.
ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÊúÈóÇÚöåö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóäøó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ æóÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÛóÒóÇáöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóßóËöíÑò ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó.
æóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò æóÇáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ åóÇÔöãò æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó Åöáóì ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÞóÈõæáö ÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö æóÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÞóÏö ÇÍúÊóÌøó ÇáäøóÇÝõæäó ÈöÍõÌøóÉò ÖóÚöíÝóÉò¡ æóÐóáößó Ãóäøóåõãú ÞóÇáõæÇ¡ ÃóÌúãóÚúäóÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞó ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖó¡ áóæú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö áóãú íõÞúÈóáú ÎóÈóÑõåõ¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÌóÇåöáðÇ ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö ãõÚúÊóÞöÏðÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÇÓöÞò¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇäúÖóãøó Åöáóì ÝöÓúÞöåö ÝöÓúÞñ ÂÎóÑõ æóÎóØöíÆóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì¡ æóåõæó ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáúÝöÓúÞö Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÝöÓúÞò¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì Ãóäú áóÇ íõÞúÈóáó ÎóÈóÑõåõ.
æóáöÞóÇÆöáò Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóÚúÊóÞöÏú Ãóäøóåõ ÝóÇÓöÞñ¡ æóßóÇäó ãõÊóÍóÑøöÌðÇ ãõÍúÊóÑöÒðÇ Ýöí Ïöíäöåö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö æóÇÑúÊößóÇÈö ÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó (1) ÅöÎúÈóÇÑõåõ ãõÛóáøöÈðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞóåõ¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Úóáöãó Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóÃúÊöí Èöåö ÝöÓúÞðÇ¡ ÝóÐóáößó íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÞöáøóÉò ãõÈóÇáóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáúãóÚúÕöíóÉö¡ æóÚóÏóãö ÊóÍóÑøõÒöåö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö ÝóÇÝúÊóÑóÞóÇ.
æóÇáúãõÚúÊóãóÏõ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäú ÌóÇÁóßõãú ÝóÇÓöÞñ ÈöäóÈóÅò ÝóÊóÈóíøóäõæÇ} ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÑóÏøö äóÈóÃö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö.
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(1) ÝóßóÇäó - áóÚóáøóåõ ßóÇäó íóÍúÐöÝõ ÇáúÝóÇÁó áößóæúäöåö ÌóæóÇÈðÇ áöÜ " ÅöÐóÇ " ÇáÔøóÑúØöíøóÉö(2/83)
æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó Ýöíãóäú ÞóØóÚó ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõäúÏóÑöÌðÇ ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãö ÇáúÂíóÉö¡ ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöíãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöÓúÞõåõ ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ æóãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãóÞúØõæÚñ ÈöÝöÓúÞöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÕõæÑóÉö ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {Åöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó áóÇ íõÛúäöí ãöäó ÇáúÍóÞøö ÔóíúÆðÇ} ÛóíúÑó ÃóäøóÇ ÎóÇáóÝúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑö ãóäú ÙóåóÑóÊú ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ¡ æóÝöíãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöÓúÞõåõ ãóÙúäõæäðÇ¡ ÝóíóÈúÞóì ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÏóÇåõ Úóáóì ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáÏøóáöíáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúÞóæúáó ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑöåö íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõåõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÈóíóÇäõ æõÌõæÏö ÇáÏøóáöíáö ÇáäøóÕøõ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó» " æóÇáúÝóÇÓöÞõ ÝöíãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö ãõÍúÊóÑöÒñ Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ãõÊóÏóíøöäñ ÈöÊóÍúÑöíãöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÕöÏúÞõåõ Ýöí ÎóÈóÑöåö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ãõäúÏóÑöÌðÇ ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÚóáöíøðÇ Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÞóÈöáõæÇ ÃóÞúæóÇáó ÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó æóÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö ãóÚó ÝöÓúÞöåöãú¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Ðóáößó ãõäúßöÑñ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÙøóäøó ÈöÕöÏúÞöåö ãóæúÌõæÏñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉð Ýöí ÊóÍúÕöíáö ãóÞúÕõæÏöåö ÞöíóÇÓðÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏúáö æóÇáúãóÙúäõæäö ÝöÓúÞõåõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ æóÚóäö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÞóÈöáó ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌö æóÞóÊóáóÉö ÚõËúãóÇäó ßóÇäõæÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõæäó ÝöÓúÞóåõãú¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóæóÇÑöÌó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÇáúãõÓúáöãöíäó æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ãõÚúÊóÞöÏöíäó ÝöÓúÞó ÃóäúÝõÓöåöãú.
æóãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö áöÝöÓúÞöåöãú¡ æóÅöäú ÞóÈöáõæÇ ÔóåóÇÏóÊóåõãú ÝóáóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõ ÇäúÚöÞóÇÏõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö.
æóÚóäö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö Ýöí ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúåóÏö ÈöåóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÝóáöÙõåõæÑö ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö æóÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞöåö áöãóäúÕöÈö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó íõäóÇÓöÈõ ÞóÈõæáóåõ ÅöÚúÙóÇãðÇ áóåõ æóÅöÌúáóÇáðÇ (1) ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ãóÙúäõæäö ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÝóáöÃóäøó ÍóÇáóåõ Ýöí ÇÓúÊöÍúÞóÇÞö ãóäúÕöÈö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÃóÞúÑóÈõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ãóäú ßóÇäó ÝöÓúÞõåõ ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö ÝóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö Ëõãøó ÇáúÞóÈõæáö åóÇåõäóÇ.
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(1) æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÚóÏóÇáóÊõåõ ÊõÈúÚöÏõåõ Úóäú ãóæóÇØöäö ÇáÊøõåóãö(2/84)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö åóáú íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö: åóáú íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöÞóæúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ãóæú áóÇ¿
ÝóÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÈõÏøó Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö æóÇáúÌóÑúÍö ãöäö ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÂÎóÑõæäó Åöáóì ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁö ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò (1) .
æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÈöÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ äóÕøó æóáóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÚúíöíäö ÃóÍóÏö åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÐóÇåöÈö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÈúÞó ÛóíúÑõ ÇáÊøóÔúÈöíåö æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉó ÔóÑúØñ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÇáÔøóÑúØõ áóÇ íóÒöíÏõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö Úóáóì ãóÔúÑõæØöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöáúÍóÇÞõ ÇáÔøóÑúØö ÈöÇáúãóÔúÑõæØö Ýöí ØóÑöíÞö ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÅöáúÍóÇÞöåö ÈöÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Ïõæäó ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÔóÑúØö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ãóÔúÑõæØöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉõ æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáõ ÔóåóÇÏóÉñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ ãõÚúÊóÈóÑðÇ ÝöíåöãóÇ ßóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÍõÞõæÞö.
ÞõáúäóÇ áóíúÓó Ðóáößó Ãóæúáóì ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúÞóÇÆöáö ÈöÃóäøóåóÇ ÅöÎúÈóÇÑñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÚúÊóÈóÑõ ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáöåóÇ ßóäóÝúÓö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ãóæúáóì áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: Èóáú ãóÇ íóÞõæáõåõ ÇáúÎóÕúãõ Ãóæúáóì ÍóÐóÑðÇ ãöäú ÊóÖúíöíÚö ÃóæóÇãöÑö Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì æóäóæóÇåöíåö.
ßóíúÝó æóÃóäøó ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑóåõ Þóæúáó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÃóÕúáñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó Öóãøö Þóæúáö ÛóíúÑöåö Åöáóíúåö íóÓúÊóÏúÚöí ÏóáöíáðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ÇáäøóÝúíõ ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøõ Ãóæúáóì ãöãøóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäúåõ ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ (2) .
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(1) åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáØøóíøöÈö ÇáúÈóÇÞöáøóÇäöíøõ
(2) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉó æóÇáúÚöÔúÑöíäó ãöäú ãóÓóÇÆöáö ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáúÞóæúáö ÈöÃóÞóáøö ãóÇ Þöíáó åóáú ÊóãóÓøóßó ÞóÇÆöáõåõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóæö ÇÓúÊóäóÏó Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÑóÇÁóÉö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøóÉö æóÇÓúÊöÕúÍóÇÈö ÇáúÍóÇáö(2/85)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö Ïõæäó ÐößúÑö ÓóÈóÈöåöãóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö Ïõæäó ÐößúÑö ÓóÈóÈöåöãóÇ ÝóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ÝöíåöãóÇ¡ ÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑúÍö ÝóáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝöíãóÇ íõÌúÑóÍõ Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ÇÚúÊóÞóÏóåõ ÌóÇÑöÍðÇ æóÛóíúÑõåõ áóÇ íóÑóÇåõ ÌóÇÑöÍðÇ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÝóáöÃóäøó ãõØúáóÞó ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÍóÕøöáðÇ áöáËøöÞóÉö ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö áöÌóÑúíö ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÈöÊóÓóÇÑõÚö ÇáäøóÇÓö Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇáÙøóÇåöÑö.
æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ: áóÇ ÍóÇÌóÉó Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÝöíåöãóÇ ÇßúÊöÝóÇÁð ÈöÈóÕöíÑóÉö ÇáúãõÒóßøöí æóÇáúÌóÇÑöÍö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈóì ÈóßúÑò.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ (ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ) " áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ÐößúÑö ÓóÈóÈö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö ÝöíãóÇ íõÌúÑóÍõ Èöåö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ÓóÈóÈóåóÇ æóÇÍöÏñ áóÇ ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝó Ýöíåö ".
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÚóßóÓó ÇáúÍóÇáó æóÇÚúÊóÈóÑó ÐößúÑó ÓóÈóÈö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõÒóßøöí æóÇáúÌóÇÑöÍõ ÚóÏúáðÇ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÌúÑóÍõ Èöåö æóíóÚúÏöáõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íóßõæäó ßóÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ÚóÏúáðÇ¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÚóÏúáðÇ æóáóíúÓó ÈóÕöíÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ ÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑó ÈöÞóæúáöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÏúáðÇ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ æóÌóÈó ÇáöÇßúÊöÝóÇÁõ ÈöãõØúáóÞö ÌóÑúÍöåö æóÊóÚúÏöíáöåö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáúÛóÇáöÈõ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÚóÏúáðÇ ÈóÕöíÑðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÃóÎúÈóÑó ÈöÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáúÌóÑúÍö ÅöáøóÇ æóåõæó ÕóÇÏöÞñ Ýöí ãóÞóÇáöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ãóÚúäóì áöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÅöÙúåóÇÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö ãóÚó Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÇÓó ÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ ÝöíãóÇ íõÌúÑóÍõ Èöåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÍóÞøðÇ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúÈóÕöíÑö ÈöÌöåóÇÊö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö Ãóäøóåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöãóæóÇÞöÚö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõØúáóÞõ ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ ÅöáøóÇ Ýöí ÕõæÑóÉò Úõáöãó ÇáúæöÝóÇÞõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ (1) æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÏóáøöÓðÇ ãõáóÈøöÓðÇ ÈöãóÇ íõæåöãõ ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ Úóáóì ãóäú áóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ¡ æóåõæó ÎöáóÇÝõ ãõÞúÊóÖóì ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö æóÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÈöãöËúáö åóÐóÇ íóÙúåóÑõ Ãóäøóåõ ãóÇ ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáó ÅöáøóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúÎöÈúÑóÉö ÇáúÈóÇØöäóÉö æóÇáúÅöÍóÇØóÉö ÈöÓóÑöíÑóÉö ÇáúãõÎúÈöÑö Úóäúåõ¡ æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇÔúÊöãóÇáöåö Úóáóì ÓóÈóÈö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈöäóÇÁö Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÍóÇáö.
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÝóÞóÏú æõÌöÏó ãóäú ÃóØúáóÞó ÇáúÌóÑúÍó ßóÔõÚúÈóÉó¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ ÇÓúÊõÝúÓöÑó ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÈöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÑúÍö Èöåö ÎöáóÇÝñ¡ ÇäúÙõÑú ßóáóÇãó ÔõÑøóÇÍö ÃóáúÝöíøóÉö ÇáúÚöÑóÇÞöíøö áöáúÃóÈúíóÇÊö ÇáúÂÊöíóÉö:
æóáóãú íóÑóæúÇ ÞóÈõæáó ÌóÑúÍò ÃóÈúåóãóÇ - áöáúÎõáúÝö Ýöí ÃóÓúÈóÇÈöåö æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÓúÊõÝúÓöÑó ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ Ýóáóãú íóÞúÏóÍú ßóãóÇ - ÝóÓøóÑóåõ ÔõÚúÈóÉõ ÈöÇáÑøóßúÖö ÝóãóÇ åóÐóÇ ÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÍõÝøóÇÙõ ÇáúÃóËóÑö - ßóÔóíúÎöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍö ãóÚó Ãóåúáö ÇáäøóÙóÑö ÇåÜ. æóáóíúÓó Ðóáößó ÊóÏúáöíÓðǺ áöÃóäøóåõ ÌóÑóÍó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÈöãóÇ åõæó ÌóÑúÍñ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö(2/86)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖó ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáõ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÇÑóÖó ÇáúÌóÑúÍõ æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáõ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÌóÇÑöÍõ ÞóÏú Úóíøóäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó¡ Ãóæú áóãú íõÚóíøöäúåõ: ÝóÅöäú áóãú íõÚóíøöäúåõ ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÌóÇÑöÍö íóßõæäõ ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ áöÇØøöáóÇÚöåö Úóáóì ãóÇ áóãú íóÚúÑöÝúåõ ÇáúãõÚóÏøöáõ¡ æóáóÇ äóÝóÇåõ áöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÝúíö.
æóÅöäú Úóíøóäó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó ÊóÞúÏöíÑðÇ: ÑóÃóíúÊõåõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÊóáó ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÊóÚóÑøóÖó ÇáúãõÚóÏøöáõ áöäóÝúíö Ðóáößó¡ Ãóæú íóÊóÚóÑøóÖó áöäóÝúíöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ ÝóÞóæúáõ ÇáúÌóÇÑöÍö íóßõæäõ ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ áöãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÅöäú ÊóÚóÑøóÖó áöäóÝúíöåö ÈöÃóäú ÞóÇáó: ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ ÇáúãõÏøóÚóì ÞóÊóáóåõ ÍóíøðÇ ÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóåóÇåõäóÇ íóÊóÚóÇÑóÖóÇäö¡ æóíóÕöÍøõ ÊóÑúÌöíÍõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö ÈößóËúÑóÉö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö¡ æóÔöÏøóÉö ÇáúæóÑóÚö æóÇáÊøóÍóÝøõÙö¡ æóÒöíóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÈóÕöíÑóÉö Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ ÊõÑóÌøóÍõ Èöåö ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóáóì ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÍúÞöíÞõåõ (1) .
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(1) Ãóíú Ýöí ÞóÇÚöÏóÉö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö(2/87)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ Ýöí ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
Ýöí ØõÑõÞö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö æóÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö
ÃóãøóÇ ØõÑõÞõ ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÝóãõÊóÝóÇæöÊóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÞõæøóÉö æóÇáÖøóÚúÝö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íõÕóÑøöÍó ÇáúãõÒóßøöí ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÞóæúáðÇ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ íõÕóÑøöÍõ Èöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ÕóÑøóÍó Èöåö ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó: " åõæó ÚóÏúáñ " ÑöÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÐúßõÑó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÇáÓøóÈóÈó ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó (áöÃóäøöí ÚóÑóÝúÊõ ãöäúåõ ßóÐóÇ æóßóÐóÇ) Ãóæú áóÇ íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáÓøóÈóÈó.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáó¡ Ýóåõæó ÊóÚúÏöíáñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöíó ÝóãõÎúÊóáóÝñ Ýöíåö¡ æóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ãöäúåõ ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáõ¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ãóÑúÌõæÍñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö áöáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö æóáöäõÞúÕóÇäö ÇáúÈóíóÇäö Ýöíåö ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóæøóáö (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú áóãú íõÕóÑøöÍú ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÞóæúáðÇ¡ áóßöäú Íóßóãó ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú Úóãöáó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ Ãóæú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ ÎóÈóÑðÇ.
ÝóÅöäú Íóßóãó ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊóÚúÏöíáñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÏúáò ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ æóåóÐöåö ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ ÃóÚúáóì ãöäó ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÐößúÑö ÓóÈóÈò áöÊóÝóÇæõÊöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ãöãøóäú íóÑóì ÇáúÍõßúãó ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÝóÇÓöÞö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö ãóÚó ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÏõáõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ áöÇÓúÊöæóÇÆöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ.
æóÇáúÃóæøóáõ æóÅöäö ÇÎúÊóÕøó ÈöÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãõÎúÊóÕøñ ÈöÅöáúÒóÇãö ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáúÃóæøóáö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Úóãöáó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóáóì æóÌúåò Úõáöãó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ãõÓúÊóäóÏó áóåõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóãóáö ÓöæóÇåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö Ýóåõæó ÃóíúÖðÇ ÊóÚúÏöíáñ ãõÊøóÝóÞñ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó Úóãóáõåõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÏúáò ÝöÓúÞðÇ.
æóåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ¡ æóÅöäö ÇÍúÊóãóáó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÚóãóáõ Ýöíåö ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÙõåõæÑö ÇáúÅöÓúáóÇãö æóÇáÓøóáóÇãóÉö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÓúÞö ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÐößúÑö
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(1) åóÐóÇ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóËúäóì Úóáóì ãóäú ÒóÇáóÊú Úóäúåõ ÌóåóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóËúäóì Úóáóì ãõÈúåóãò¡ ßóÃóäú íóÞõæáõ ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÇáËøöÞóÉõ¡ ÝóÇáÕøóÍöíÍõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÊóæóÞøóÝõ Ýöí ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö ÍóÊøóì ÊóÒõæáó Úóäúåõ ÌóåóÇáóÉõ ÇáúÚóíúäö¡ æóíõäúÙóÑõ Ýöí ÍóÇáöåö ÝóÞóÏú íóÚúáóãõ Ýöíåö ÌóÑúÍðÇ ÛóíúÑõ ãóäú ÚóÏøóáóåõ(2/88)
ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ Ýóåõæó ÑóÇÌöÍñ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ áöáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóíúåö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ æóãóÑúÌõæÍñ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÒúßöíóÉö ÈöÇáúÞóæúáö ãóÚó ÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö¡ æóÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö áöÃóäøó ÈóÇÈó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÚúáóì ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóáöÐóáößó ÇÔúÊõÑöØó Ýöíåö ãóÇ áóãú íõÔúÊóÑóØú Ýöí ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝõåõ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØõ æóÇáöÇÍúÊöÑóÇÒõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÊóãøó æóÃóæúÝóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö åóáú åõæó ÊóÚúÏöíáñ Ãóæú áóÇ.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÕøóáó æóÞóÇáó: Åöäú ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú Þóæúáö ÇáúãõÒóßøöí Ãóæú ÚóÇÏóÊöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí ÅöáøóÇ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ Ýóåõæó ÊóÚúÏöíáñ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ.
æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉó ÌóÇÑöíóÉñ ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóãøóäú áóæú ÓõÆöáó Úóäú ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö áóÊõæõÞøöÝó ÝöíåóÇ¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäúåõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö¡ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõáóÈøöÓðÇ ãõÏóáøöÓðÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö ßóãóÇ Þöíáóº áöÃóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ ßóÐóáößó Ãóäú áóæú ÃóæúÌóÈóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöåóÇ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó.
Èóáú ÛóÇíóÊõåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: (ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ) ÝóÚóáóì ÇáÓøóÇãöÚö ÈöÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäúåõ Åöäú ÑóÇãó ÇáúÚóãóáó ÈöãõÞúÊóÖóì ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÞóÕøöÑðÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞõ íõÔúÈöåõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÈóÇÞöí ÇáØøõÑõÞö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÕúÑöíÍö ÈöÇáÊøóÚúÏöíáö ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ¡ æóáóÇ ÓöíøóãóÇ Åöäö ÇÞúÊóÑóäó ÈöÐößúÑö ÇáÓøóÈóÈö áöáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö æóÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáØøóÑöíÞö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ íóßõæäõ ãóÑúÌõæÍðÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÍõßúãö ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö áöáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóíúåö æóáöÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÈöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÞóÈúáõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßöåöãóÇ Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöåóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ØõÑõÞõ ÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ Ãóäú íõÕóÑøöÍó Èößóæúäöåö ãóÌúÑõæÍðÇ¡ æóíóÐúßõÑó ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÓóÈóÈó ÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÐúßõÑú ãóÚóåõ ÓóÈóÈó ÇáúÌóÑúÍö¡ Ýóåõæó ÌóÑúÍñ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ áóßöäøóåõ Ïõæäó ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ áöáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö¡ æóáöáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäó ÇáúÌóÑúÍö ÊóÑúßõ ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö æóÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö¡ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÈöÓóÈóÈò ÛóíúÑö ÇáúÌóÑúÍö.
æóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ áöãõÚóÇÑöÖò¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÖóÇÈöØò Ãóæú áöÛóáóÈóÉö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö æóÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö Úóáóíúåö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ ÈöÇáÒøöäóÇ¡ æóßõáøõ ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏøó Úóáóì ÇáúãóÔúåõæÏö Úóáóíúåö ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íõßúãöáú äöÕóÇÈó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ(2/89)
áóãú íóÃúÊö ÈöÕóÑöíÍö ÇáúÞóÐúÝö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ ÌóÇÁó Ðóáößó ãóÌöíÁó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÓõæÛõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ ßóÇááøóÚöÈö ÈöÇáÔøóØúÑóäúÌö æóÔõÑúÈö ÇáäøóÈöíÐö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈöÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÞóæúáö ãóäú áóãú íõÚóÇÕöÑö ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøó ãóËóáðÇ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ Ñóæóì Úóãøóäú áóÞöíóåõ ÞóæúáðÇ íõæåöãõ Ãóäøóåõ áóÞöíóåõ (1) æóßóÞóæúáöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ æóÑóÇÁó ÇáäøóåúÑö¡ ãõæåöãðÇ Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÌóíúÍóÇäó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íõÔöíÑõ Èöåö Åöáóì äóåúÑö ÚöíÓóì ãóËóáðÇ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈößóÐöÈò¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãöäó ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöíÖö ÇáúãõÛúäöíóÉö Úóäö ÇáúßóÐöÈö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö (2) .
æóÞóÇáó Þóæúãñ Åöäøó Íõßúãóåõãú Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Íõßúãõ ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú Ýöí áõÒõæãö ÇáúÈóÍúËö Úóäú ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú ÚöäúÏó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó Åöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÒóÇáõæÇ ÚõÏõæáðÇ Åöáóì Íöíäö ãóÇ æóÞóÚó ãöäó ÇáöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö æóÇáúÝöÊóäö ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäóåõãú¡ æóÈóÚúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÈóÍúËö Ýöí ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö Úóäö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö ãöäúåõãú¡ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÙóÇåöÑó ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö.
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(1) ÊóÏúáöíÓõ ÇáúÅöÓúäóÇÏö ÚöäúÏó ÚõáóãóÇÁö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóäú íóÑúæöíó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËõ Úóãøóäú áóÞöíóåõ ãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ãõæåöãðÇ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÕöíÛóÉò áóíúÓóÊú ÕóÑöíÍóÉð Ýöí ÇáöÇÊøöÕóÇáö¡ ßóÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú áóÞöíó ÇáÒøõåúÑöíøó ÍóÏöíËðÇ Úóäúåõ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ ãöäúåõ ÈöÕöíÛóÉö Úóäú¡ æóÞóÇáó áöíõæåöãó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó æóßóÇäó ÚóÇÕóÑóåõ¡ æóáóãú íóáúÞóåõ ÝóãõÑúÓóáñ ÎóÝöíøñ¡ æóãóäö ÇßúÊóÝóì ÈöÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÇáúãõÚóÇÕóÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö ÌóÚóáó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáó ÇáúÎóÝöíøó äóæúÚðÇ ãöäúåõ¡ æóÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÇáúÝóÑúÞõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íõÚúÑóÝõ ãóÇ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáúÂãöÏöíøö ãöäó ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö áöãóÇ ÇÕúØóáóÍó Úóáóíúåö ÚõáóãóÇÁõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
(2) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ÇáúÚóÓúÞóáóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö æóØõÑõÞö ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÍóÇáöåö Ýöí ÇáúÝõÕõæáö ÇáËøóáóÇËóÉö ÇáøóÊöí ÌóÚóáóåóÇ Ýöí ãóØúáóÚö ÇáúÌõÒúÁö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäú ßöÊóÇÈö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö Ýöí ÊóãúíöíÒö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.(2/90)
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ßõáøó ãóäú ÞóÇÊóáó ÚóáöíøðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ãöäúåõãú¡ Ýóåõæó ÝóÇÓöÞñ ãóÑúÏõæÏõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ áöÎõÑõæÌöåöãú Úóäö ÇáúÅöãóÇãö ÇáúÍóÞøö.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÑóÏøö ÑöæóÇíóÉö Çáúßõáøö æóÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãú ; áöÃóäøó ÃóÍóÏó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö ÝóÇÓöÞñ¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÚúáõæãò æóáóÇ ãõÚóíøóäò.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú æóÔóåóÇÏóÊöåö ÅöÐóÇ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó ; áöÃóäøó ÇáúÃóÕúáó Ýöíåö ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉõ¡ æóÞóÏú ÔóßóßúäóÇ Ýöí ÝöÓúÞöåö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ Ðóáößó ãöäúåõ ãóÚó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÛóíúÑöåö áöÊóÍóÞøõÞö ÝöÓúÞö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚúíöíäò.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö ãöäó ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÏöáøóÉö ÇáÏøóÇáøóÉö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåöãú æóäóÒóÇåóÊöåöãú æóÊóÎúíöíÑöåöãú Úóáóì ãóäú ÈóÚúÏóåõãú.
Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó Þóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {æóßóÐóáößó ÌóÚóáúäóÇßõãú ÃõãøóÉð æóÓóØðÇ} Ãóíú ÚõÏõæáðÇ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ßõäúÊõãú ÎóíúÑó ÃõãøóÉò ÃõÎúÑöÌóÊú áöáäøóÇÓö} æóåõæó ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÇáúãóæúÌõæÏöíäó Ýöí Òóãóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó -.
æóãöäúåóÇ Þóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöí ßóÇáäøõÌõæãö ÈöÃóíøöåöãõ ÇÞúÊóÏóíúÊõãõ ÇåúÊóÏóíúÊõãú» " (1) æóÇáöÇåúÊöÏóÇÁõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÚóÏúáò ãõÍóÇáñ.
æóÞóæúáõåõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÎúÊóÇÑó áöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈðÇ æóÃóÕúåóÇÑðÇ æóÃóäúÕóÇÑðÇ» " (2) æóÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì áóÇ íóßõæäõ áöãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöÚóÏúáò.
æóãöäúåóÇ ãóÇ ÙóåóÑó æóÇÔúÊõåöÑó ÈöÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ãöÑóÇÁó Ýöíåö ãöäú ãõäóÇÕóÑóÊöåöãú áöáÑøóÓõæáö æóÇáúåöÌúÑóÉö Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇáúÌöåóÇÏö Èóíúäó íóÏóíúåö¡ æóÇáúãõÍóÇÝóÙóÉö Úóáóì ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÅöÞóÇãóÉö ÇáúÞóæóÇäöíäö¡ æóÇáÊøóÔóÏøõÏö Ýöí ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóæóÇãöÑö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö æóäóæóÇåöíåö¡ æóÇáúÞöíóÇãö ÈöÍõÏõæÏöåö æóãóÑóÇÓöíãöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõãú ÞóÊóáõæÇ ÇáúÃóåúáó æóÇáúÃóæúáóÇÏó ÍóÊøóì ÞóÇãó ÇáÏøöíäõ æóÇÓúÊóÞóÇãó¡ æóáóÇ ÃóÏóáøó Úóáóì ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú Ðóáößó.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÍúãóáó ßõáøõ ãóÇ ÌóÑóì Èóíúäóåõãú ãöäó ÇáúÝöÊóäö Úóáóì ÃóÍúÓóäö ÍóÇáò¡ æóÃóäøó Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöãóÇ ÃóÏøóì Åöáóíúåö ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ßõáøö ÝóÑöíÞò ãöäö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏöåö Ãóäøó ÇáúæóÇÌöÈó ãóÇ ÕóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÃóäøóåõ ÃóæúÝóÞõ áöáÏøöíäö æóÃóÕúáóÍõ áöáúãõÓúáöãöíäó.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ßõáøõ ãõÌúÊóåöÏò ãõÕöíÈðÇ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÕöíÈó æóÇÍöÏñ æóÇáúÂÎóÑõ ãõÎúØöÆñ Ýöí ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏöåö.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Õ 232 Ì1.
(2) ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÝóÖúáö ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ØóÇåöÑò ÇáúãóÞúÏöÓöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÐúßöÑóÉö ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö: ÍóÏöíËõ (Åöäøó Çááøóåó ÇÊøóÎóÐó áöí ÃóÕúÍóÇÈðÇ æóÃóäúÕóÇÑðÇ) Ýöíåö ÇÈúäõ ÚõÈóíúÏò¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÍöÈøóÇäó: æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ÈóÇØöáñ áóÇ ÃóÕúáó áóåõ(2/91)
æóÚóáóì ßöáóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíÑóíúäö¡ ÝóÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãöäó ÇáúÝóÑöíÞóíúäö áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ãóÑúÏõæÏóÉð ÃóãøóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÅöÕóÇÈóÉö ÝóÙóÇåöÑñ¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÇáúÎóØóÃö ãóÚó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö ÝóÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÅöÐú ÃóÊóíúäóÇ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÈóíóÇäö ÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáúÅöÔóÇÑóÉö Åöáóì ÈóíóÇäö ãóäú íóÞóÚõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúãõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ ÇáÎáÇÝ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãõÓóãøóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö: ÝóÐóåóÈó ÃóßúËóÑõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈöäóÇ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøó ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáúãóÕúÍõæÈö¡ æóáóÇ Ñóæóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóáóÇ ØóÇáóÊú ãõÏøóÉõ ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö.
æóÐóåóÈó ÂÎóÑõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ãóäú ÑóÃóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÎúÊóÕøó Èöåö ÇÎúÊöÕóÇÕó ÇáúãóÕúÍõæÈö¡ æóØóÇáóÊú ãõÏøóÉõ ÕõÍúÈóÊöåö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÑúæö Úóäúåõ.
æóÐóåóÈó ÚóãúÑõæ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Åöáóì Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÓúãó ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÓóãøóì Èöåö ãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ áöáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÃóÎóÐó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó.
æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ Ýöí åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÂíöáðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö Ýöí ÇáúÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇááøóÝúÙöíøö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÔúÈóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ËóáóÇËóÉõ ÃõãõæÑò.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈó ÇÓúãñ ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö¡ æóÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÊóÚõãøõ ÇáúÞóáöíáó æóÇáúßóËöíÑó¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ ÕóÍöÈúÊõåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð¡ æóÕóÍöÈúÊõåõ íóæúãðÇ æóÔóåúÑðÇ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ßóãóÇ íõÞóÇáõ: ÝõáóÇäñ ßóáøóãóäöí æóÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÒóÇÑóäöí¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóãú íõßóáøöãúåõ æóáóãú íõÍóÏøöËúåõ æóáóãú íóÒõÑúåõ Óöæóì ãóÑøóÉò æóÇÍöÏóÉò.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÍóáóÝó Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÕúÍóÈõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ Ýöí ÇáÓøóÝóÑö¡ Ãóæú áóíóÕúÍóÈóäøóåõ¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÈóÑøõ æóíóÍúäóËõ ÈöÕõÍúÈóÊöåö ÓóÇÚóÉð.
ÇáËøóÇáöËõ: Ãóäøóåõ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÞóÇÆöáñ: ÕóÍöÈúÊõ ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ ÝóíóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÕóÍöÈúÊõåõ ÓóÇÚóÉð Ãóæú íóæúãðÇ Ãóæú ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ æóåóáú ÃóÎóÐúÊó Úóäúåõ ÇáúÚöáúãó æóÑóæóíúÊó Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú áóÇ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉó ÔóÇãöáóÉñ áöÌóãöíÚö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ æóáóãú Êóßõäú ãõÎúÊóÕøóÉð ÈöÍóÇáóÉò ãöäúåóÇ¡ áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊöíÌó Åöáóì ÇáöÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãö (1) .
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(1) ÞóÏú íõÞóÇáõ áóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉõ ÔóÇãöáóÉð áöÌóãöíÚö åóÐöåö ÇáÕøõæóÑö áóãóÇ ÇÍúÊöíÌó ÃóíúÖðÇ Åöáóì ÇÓúÊöÝúåóÇãò(2/92)
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈó Ýöí ÇáúÚõÑúÝö ÅöäøóãóÇ íõØúáóÞõ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóÇËöÑö ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãö¡ æóãöäúåõ íõÞóÇáõ: ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÞóÑúíóÉö¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúßóåúÝö æóÇáÑøóÞöíãö æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÌóäøóÉö¡ áöáúãõáóÇÒöãöíäó áöÐóáößó¡ æóÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áöáúãõáóÇÒöãöíäó áöÏöÑóÇÓóÊöåö æóãõáóÇÒóãóÊöåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó: ÝõáóÇäñ áóãú íóÕúÍóÈú ÝõáóÇäðÇ¡ áóßöäøóåõ æóÝóÏó Úóáóíúåö Ãóæú ÑóÂåõ Ãóæú ÚóÇãóáóåõ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí ÇáäøóÝúíö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÍúãõæáðÇ Úóáóì ÍóÞöíÞóÊöåö¡ Èóáú áóÇ ÈõÏøó ãóÚó Øõæáö ÇáúãõÏøóÉö ãöäú ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÇáúãõÒóäöíøõ ÕóÇÍöÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÕóÇÍöÈóÇ ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó (1) æóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó áöãóäú ÑóÂåõãóÇ æóÚóÇÔóÑóåõãóÇ ØóæöíáðÇ æóáóãú íóÃúÎõÐú ÚóäúåõãóÇ¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÕóÇÍöÈñ áóåõãóÇ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäö ÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì: ÃóäøóÇ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ Ãóäøó ÇÓúãó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö áóÇ íõØúáóÞõ ÅöáøóÇ Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóÇËöÑö ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãö¡ æóáóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÕöÍøóÉö ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇÓúãö ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈö Úóáóì ÇáúãõáóÇÒöãö ÇáúãõßóÇËöÑö ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÕøõæóÑö ÇáúãõÓúÊóÔúåóÏö ÈöåóÇ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõ ÅöØúáóÇÞöåö Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ Èóáú íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÕöÍøóÉö ÅöØúáóÇÞö Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáúãõßóÇËöÑö æóÛóíúÑöåö ÍóÞöíÞóÉð¡ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ãóÇ æóÞóÚó Èöåö ÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÌóæøõÒö¡ æóÇáöÇÔúÊöÑóÇßõ Úóäö ÇááøóÝúÙö æóÕöÍøóÉö ÇáäøóÝúíö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóÇÍöÈó Ýöí ÃóÕúáö ÇáúæóÖúÚö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áöãóäú ÞóáøóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ Ãóæú ßóËõÑóÊú¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÚõÑúÝö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÚúãóÇáö áöãóäú ØóÇáóÊú ÕõÍúÈóÊõåõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó äóÝúíõ ÇáÕøõÍúÈóÉö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÚõÑúÝöíøö ÝóÍóÞøñ¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÑöíÏó äóÝúíõåóÇ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ.
æóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ Þöíáó ãöäö ÇÔúÊöÑóÇØö ÃóÎúÐö ÇáúÚöáúãö æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõÑöÝó Ðóáößó¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ãóäú ÚóÇÕóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÃóäóÇ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøñ ãóÚó ÅöÓúáóÇãöåö æóÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÕöÏúÞõåõ.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäú áóÇ íõÕóÏøóÞó Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ áößóæúäöåö ãõÊøóåóãðÇ ÈöÏóÚúæóì ÑõÊúÈóÉò íõËúÈöÊõåóÇ áöäóÝúÓöåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóäóÇ ÚóÏúáñ¡ Ãóæú ÔóåöÏó áöäóÝúÓöåö ÈöÍóÞøò.
åóÐóÇ ãóÇ ÃóÑóÏúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæØö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö.
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(1) ÇáúãõÒóäöíøõ åõæó ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáõ Èúäõ íóÍúíóì Èúäö ÅöÓúãóÇÚöíáó ÃóÈõæ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúãöÕúÑöíøõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 264 åÜ Úóäú 89 ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó åõæó íóÚúÞõæÈõ Èúäõ ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ÇáúÞóÇÖöí¡ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 182¡ æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáÔøóíúÈóÇäöíøõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 189.(2/93)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÔøõÑõæØõ ÇáøóÊöí Ùõäøó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÔõÑõæØñ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ßóÐóáößó.
ÝóÔõÑõæØñ: ãöäúåóÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØö ÞóÈõæáö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏõ¡ Èóáú íóßúÝöí Ýöí ÇáúÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúÌõÈøóÇÆöíøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäú íõÖóÇÝó Åöáóíúåö ÎóÈóÑõ ÚóÏúáò ÂÎóÑó¡ Ãóæú ãõæóÇÝóÞóÉñ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ¡ æóÃóäú íóßõæäó ãõäúÊóÔöÑðÇ ÝöíãóÇ Èóíúäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ Ãóæú Úóãóáó Èöåö ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóäõÞöáó Úóäúåõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Ýöí ÇáÒøöäóÇ ÅöáøóÇ ãöäú ÃóÑúÈóÚóÉò.
æóÇáúæóÌúåõ Ýöí ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö æóÇáöÇäúÝöÕóÇáö ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó Ýöí ãóÓúÃóáóÉö æõÌõæÈö ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
æóÃóíúÖðÇ ÝóáóíúÓó ãöäú ÔóÑúØöåö ÇáÐøõßõæÑóÉõ áöãóÇ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó ãöäú ÃóÎúÐö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÈóíóÇäõåõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÈóÕóÑõ¡ Èóáú íóÌõæÒõ ÞóÈõæáõ ÑöæóÇíóÉö ÇáÖøóÑöíÑö ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÍóÇÝöÙðÇ áöãóÇ íóÓúãóÚõåõ æóáóåõ ÂáóÉõ ÃóÏóÇÆöåö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÊóÑúæöí Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ãóÇ ÊóÓúãóÚõåõ ãöäú ÕóæúÊöåóÇ¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøóåõãú áóÇ íóÑóæúäó ÔóÎúÕóåóÇ: æóáóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÞóÑóÇÈóÉö¡ Èóáú ÊóÌõæÒõ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúæóáóÏö¡ æóÈöÇáúÚóßúÓö áöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì Ðóáößó¡ æóáóÇ ÚóÏóãõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉöº áöÃóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÚóÇãøñ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöæóÇÍöÏò ãõÚóíøóäò¡ ÍóÊøóì Êóßõæäó ÇáúÚóÏóÇæóÉõ ãõÄóËøöÑóÉð Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúÍõÑøöíøóÉõ¡ Èóáú åóÐöåö ÇáúÃõãõæÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÊõÔúÊóÑóØõ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ýöí ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõßúËöÑðÇ ãöäú ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ãóÔúåõæÑó ÇáäøóÓóÈö¡ áöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú áóãú íóÑúæö Óöæóì ÎóÈóÑò æóÇÍöÏò æóÚóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ãóäú áóÇ íõÚúÑóÝõ äóÓóÈõåõ¡ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóÑóÇÆöØö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÈóÑóÉö.
æóáóÇ íõÔúÊóÑóØõ ÃóíúÖðÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÝóÞöíåðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÈöãóÚúäóì ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÓóæóÇÁñ ßóÇäóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ãõæóÇÝöÞóÉð áöáúÞöíóÇÓö Ãóæú ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉð ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó ÝöíãóÇ íõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó¡ áöÞóæúáöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÝóæóÚóÇåóÇ» " Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö: " «ÝóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò» " ÏóÚóÇ áóåõ æóÃóÞóÑøóåõ Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö: æóáóæú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÞúÈõæáó ÇáúÞóæúáö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÓóãöÚõæÇ ÃóÎúÈóÇÑó ÂÍóÇÏò áóãú íóßõæäõæÇ ÝõÞóåóÇÁó ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó¡ æóáöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÚúÊöãóÇÏó Úóáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏúáðÇ ãõÊóÏóíøöäðÇ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÑúæöí ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ íóÊóÍóÞøóÞõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáøóÐöí ÓóãöÚóåõ.(2/94)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ Ýöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì Þæá ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ßóÐóÇ]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇáöËõ
Ýöí ãõÓúÊóäóÏóÇÊö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóßóíúÝöíøóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö
ÇáÑøóÇæöí áóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøðÇ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó: ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ Ãóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí Ãóæú ÍóÏøóËóäöí Ãóæú ÔóÇÝóåóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ÈößóÐóÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÎóÈóÑñ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáö¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ãóÓóÇÆöáó:
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö ßóÐóÇ¡ ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ýóíóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò¡ æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò: áóÇ íõÍúßóãõ ÈöÐóáößó¡ Èóáú åõæó ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ýóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÚóÏóÇáóÉö ÌóãöíÚö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÝóÍõßúãõåõ Íõßúãõ ãóÇ áóæú ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóäú ÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó Íõßúãó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Íõßúãõ ÛóíúÑöåöãú Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúßóÔúÝö Úóäú ÍóÇáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ãöäúåõãú¡ ÝóÍõßúãõåõ Íõßúãõ ãóÑóÇÓöíáö ÊóÇÈöÚö ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó¡ æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÝúÕöíáõ ÇáúÞóæúáö Ýöíåö.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò ãóÚó ÅöãúßóÇäö ÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäó ÇáúæóÇÓöØóÉö ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáóåõ: " ÞóÇáó " íõæåöãõ ÇáÓøóãóÇÚó ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö æóÇÓöØóÉò ÅöíåóÇãðÇ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúÚóÇÑöÝö ÈöÃóæúÖóÇÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÃúÊöí ÈöáóÝúÙò íõæåöãõ ãóÚúäðì¡ æóíõÑöíÏõ ÛóíúÑóåõ.(2/95)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ Þæá ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö íóÃúãõÑõ ÈößóÐóÇ Ãóæú íóäúåóì Úóäú ßóÐóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ (ÓóãöÚúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - íóÃúãõÑõ ÈößóÐóÇ Ãóæú íóäúåóì Úóäú ßóÐóÇ) ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ßóæúäöåö ÍõÌøóÉð.
ÝóÐóåóÈó Þóæúãñ Åöáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÈöÍõÌøóÉòº áöÃóäøó ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈöáóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÞóæúáõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö " ÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÃúãõÑõ æóíóäúåóì " áóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì æõÌõæÏö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÕöíóÛö ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÕöíÛóÉð ÇÚúÊóÞóÏó ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóãúÑñ Ãóæú äóåúíñ¡ æóáóíúÓóÊú ßóÐóáößó ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó íóÃúãõÑõ ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ Ãóæú íóäúåóì Úóäú ÔóíúÁò¡ æóåõæó ãöãøóäú íóÚúÊóÞöÏõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÃóãúÑó ÈöÇáÔøóíúÁö äóåúíñ Úóäú ÌóãöíÚö ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö¡ æóÃóäøó Çáäøóåúíó Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÃóãúÑñ ÈöÃóÍóÏö ÃóÖúÏóÇÏöåö¡ ÝóäóÞóáó ÇáúÃóãúÑó æóÇáäøóåúíó¡ æóáóíúÓó ÈöÃóãúÑò æóáóÇ äóåúíò ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇÚúÊöãóÇÏõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÍõÌøóÉñ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ãóÚó ÚóÏóÇáóÊöåö æóãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÈöÃóæúÖóÇÚö ÇááøõÛóÉö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÚóÇÑöÝðÇ ÈöãóæóÇÞöÚö ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö æóÇáúæöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáöåö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúÞõáõ ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ ÊóÍóÞøóÞó Ãóäøóåõ ÃóãúÑñ Ãóæú äóåúíñ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÎöáóÇÝò¡ äóÝúíðÇ áöáÊøóÏúáöíÓö æóÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö Úóäúåõ ÈöäóÞúáö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Úóáóì ÓóÇãöÚöåö ÇÚúÊöÞóÇÏó ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ íóÚúÊóÞöÏõåõ ÃóãúÑðÇ æóáóÇ äóåúíðÇ.(2/96)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ Þæá ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÃõãöÑúäóÇ ÈößóÐóÇ Ãóæú äõåöíúäóÇ Úóäú ßóÐóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ: ÃõãöÑúäóÇ ÈößóÐóÇ Ãóæú äõåöíúäóÇ Úóäú ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÃõæúÌöÈó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ßóÐóÇ æóÍõÑøöãó ÚóáóíúäóÇ ßóÐóÇ¡ Ãóæú ÃõÈöíÍó áóäóÇ ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÅöÖóÇÝóÉõ Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ.
æóÐóåóÈó ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó æóÇáúßóÑúÎöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó Åöáóì ÇáúãóäúÚö ãöäú Ðóáößó¡ ãóÕöíÑðÇ ãöäúåõãú Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Úóáóíúåö ÇáÓøóáóÇãõ¡ æóÈóíúäó ßóæúäöåö ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÃóãúÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö Ãóæö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö¡ æóÈóíúäó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÞóÇáó Ðóáößó Úóäö ÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö æóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÃóÖóÇÝóåõ Åöáóì ÕóÇÍöÈö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãõæÌóÈó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ãóÃúãõæÑñ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ãöäó ÇáÔøóÇÑöÚö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÇÍúÊóãóáó æóÇÍúÊóãóáó¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÖóÇÝðÇ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Èóáú æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóäú ßóÇäó ãõÞóÏøóãðÇ Úóáóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉò æóåõãú ÈöÕóÏóÏö ÇãúÊöËóÇáö ÃóæóÇãöÑöåö æóäóæóÇåöíöåö¡ ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú: ÃõãöÑúäóÇ ÈößóÐóÇ¡ æóäõåöíúäóÇ Úóäú ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ íõÑöíÏõ ÃóãúÑó Ðóáößó ÇáúãõÞóÏøóãö æóäóåúíóåõ¡ æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉõ ÈöÇáäøöÓúÈóÉö Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáäøóÍúæö.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ãöäúåõãú: ÃõãöÑúäóÇ Ãóæú äõåöíúäóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäúåõ ÃóãúÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóäóåúíóåõ¡ æóáóÇ íõãúßöäõ Íóãúáõåõ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö æóäóåúíöåö ; áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó áóßóÇäó ÙóÇåöÑðÇ áöáúßõáøö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÊóÕøõ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäúåõãú¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö æóäóåúíöåóÇ ; áöÃóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÃõãöÑúäóÇ æóäõåöíäóÇ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÃúãõÑõæäó æóíóäúåóæúäó ÃóäúÝõÓóåõãú¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÃóãúÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ ÅöÐú áóíúÓó ÃóãúÑõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö áöáúÈóÚúÖö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö.
ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ íóÞúÕöÏõ ÈöÐóáößó ÊóÚúÑöíÝó ÇáÔøóÑúÚö¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóßõæäõ ËóÇÈöÊðÇ ÈöÃóãúÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö æóäóåúíöåö¡ æóáóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó Ðóáößó ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ãóÇ Þöíáó ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÇáöÇÓúÊöäúÈóÇØö áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó Þóæúáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÃõãöÑúäóÇ æóäõåöíúäóÇ ÎöØóÇÈñ ãóÚó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ãöäó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÃúãõæÑðÇ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö Íõßúãöåö¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÛóíúÑõ ãõæÌöÈò áöáúÃóãúÑö ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö ãóäú áóãú íóÙúåóÑú áóåõ Ðóáößó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Þóæúáóåõ ÃõãöÑúäóÇ æóäõåöíúäóÇ ÈößóÐóÇ Úóäú ßóÐóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ íõÝúåóãõ ãöäúåõ ãõØúáóÞõ ÇáúÃóãúÑö æóÇáäøóåúíö¡ áóÇ ÇáúÃóãúÑõ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö Íõßúãö ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.(2/97)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ Þóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ßóÐóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Þóæúáö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö: ãöäó ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ßóÐóÇ.
ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõæäó Åöáóì Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÓõäøóÉö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö (1) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ æóÐóáößó áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓóÇáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó ÇÓúãõ ÇáÓøõäøóÉö ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏñ Èóíúäó ÓõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö¡ æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó¡ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «Úóáóíúßõãú ÈöÓõäøóÊöí æóÓõäøóÉö ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ãöäú ÈóÚúÏöí¡ ÚõÖøõæÇ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÈöÇáäøóæóÇÌöÐö» ".
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÊóÑóÏøöÏðÇ Èóíúäó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáóíúäö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÕóÑúÝõåõ Åöáóì ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö Ãóæúáóì ãöäó ÇáúÚóßúÓö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: æóÅöäú ÓóáøóãúäóÇ ÕöÍøóÉó ÅöØúáóÇÞö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÅöÑóÇÏóÉö ÓõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóæúáóì áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÓõäøóÉó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóÕúáñ¡ æóÓõäøóÉó ÇáúÎõáóÝóÇÁö ÇáÑøóÇÔöÏöíäó ÊóÈóÚñ áöÓõäøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÈóíóÇäõ ÇáÔøóÑúÚöíøóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÅöÓúäóÇÏó ãóÇ ÞõÕöÏó ÈóíóÇäõåõ Åöáóì ÇáúÃóÕúáö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÅöÓúäóÇÏöåö Åöáóì ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó åõæó ÇáúãõÊóÈóÇÏóÑõ Åöáóì ÇáúÝóåúãö ãöäú ÅöØúáóÇÞö áóÝúÙö ÇáÓøõäøóÉö Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö¡ áöãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ Ýöí ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉö ÇáúãõÊóÞóÏøöãóÉö¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö Ãóæúáóì.
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(1) ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøõ åõæó ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ Ïóáóåõãö Èúäö ÏóáóÇáò ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ãóÇÊó 340 Úóäú 80 ÓóäóÉð.(2/98)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ Þæá ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ßõäøóÇ äóÝúÚóáõ ßóÐóÇ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ: ßõäøóÇ äóÝúÚóáõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóßóÇäõæÇ íóÝúÚóáõæäó ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÞóæúáö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó: " ßóÇäõæÇ áóÇ íóÞúØóÚõæäó Ýöí ÇáÔøóíúÁö ÇáÊøóÇÝöåö ".
æóßóÞóæúáö ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãó ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøö (1) ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúÐöÝõæäó ÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑó ÍóÐúÝðÇ¡ Ýóåõæó ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó ãóÍúãõæáñ Úóáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö Ïõæäó ÈóÚúÖöåöãú¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÃõÕõæáöíøöíäó.
æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ãóÐúåóÈö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó Ãóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøö Ãóäøóåõ ÅöäøóãóÇ ÃóæúÑóÏó Ðóáößó Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÖö ÇáöÇÍúÊöÌóÇÌö¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÍõÌøóÉð Åöäú áóæú ßóÇäó ãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÌóãöíÚöº áöÃóäøó ÝöÚúáó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåöãú.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: áóæú ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÓúÊóäöÏðÇ Åöáóì ÝöÚúáö ÇáúÌóãöíÚö áóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóáóãóÇ ÓóÇÛó ãõÎóÇáóÝóÊõåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöíåö¡ æóÍóíúËõ ÓóæøóÛúÊõãú Ðóáößó Ïóáøó Úóáóì ÚóæúÏöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó Çáúßõáøö.
ÞõáúäóÇ: ÊóÓúæöíÛõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö Ýöíåö ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöÃóäøó ÅöÖóÇÝóÉó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãöíÚö æóÞóÚó ÙóäøðÇ áóÇ ÞóØúÚðÇ¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ íóÓõæÛõ ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö ÇáúÞóÇØöÚóÉö Ýöí ÇáÏøóáóÇáóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöãóÇ ßóÇäó ØóÑöíÞõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö ÙóäøöíøðÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó áóÇ íóÓõæÛõ Ýöíåö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÚöäúÏóãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó ÈöØóÑöíÞò ÞóÇØöÚò.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÛóíúÑó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò¡ ÝóãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÅöãøóÇ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ áöãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæö ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö Ãóæú ÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö áóåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóßúÊõÈó áóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ ÈöãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú íõäóÇæöáõåõ ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáøóÐöí íóÑúæöíåö Úóäúåõ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäú íóÑóì ÎóØøðÇ íóÙõäøõåõ ÎóØøó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÃóäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ Úóäú ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÓúÊóäóÏõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÞöÑóÇÁóÉó ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÞóÏú ÞóÕóÏó ÅöÓúãóÇÚóåõ ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ãóæú áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÅöÓúãóÇÚóåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞò ãöäó ÇáØøõÑõÞö: ÝóÅöäú ÞóÕóÏó ÅöÓúãóÇÚóåõ ÈöÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö Ãóæú ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ åõæó ÃóÚúáóì ÇáÑøõÊóÈö Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóáöáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ
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(1) ÅöÈúÑóÇåöíãõ ÇáäøóÎóÚöíøõ åõæó ÇÈúäõ íóÒöíÏó Èúäö ÞóíúÓò ÃóÈõæ ÚöãúÑóÇäó ÇáúßõæÝöíøõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ãóÇÊó 96 Úóäú 49 Ãóæú Úóäú 58 ÓóäóÉð¡ æóÈöÐóáößó íõÚúáóãõ Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò ÝóÐößúÑõåõ åõäóÇ æóåúãñ æóßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ ÊóÃúÎöíÑõåõ ÈóÚúÏó Þóæúáöåö: æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÛóíúÑó ÕóÍóÇÈöíøò.(2/99)
Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÝõáóÇäñ¡ æóÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÞúÕöÏú ÅöÓúãóÇÚóåõ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóǺ áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ßóÇÐöÈðÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó¡ Èóáú áóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÞóÇáó ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ æóÓóãöÚúÊõåõ íóÞõæáõ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóíõÍóÏøöËõ ÈößóÐóÇ¡ æóíõÎúÈöÑõ ÈößóÐóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãóÚó ÓõßõæÊö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáÓøõßõæÊó Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö¡ ãöäú ÅößúÑóÇåò Ãóæú ÛóÝúáóÉò Ãóæú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞõæÇ Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö Ãóåúáö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑöº áöÃóäøóåõ áóæú áóãú Êóßõäú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ÕóÍöíÍóÉð áóßóÇäó ÓõßõæÊõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöäúßóÇÑö ãóÚó ÇáúÞõÏúÑóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÝöÓúÞðÇ¡ áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÅöíåóÇãö ÕöÍøóÉö ãóÇ áóíúÓó ÈöÕóÍöíÍò¡ æóÐóáößó ÈóÚöíÏñ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáúãõÊóÏóíøöäö.
Ëõãøó ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÇáúÞóÇÆöáõæäó ÈöÇáÕøöÍøóÉö Úóáóì ÊóÓúáöíØö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ æóÍóÏøóËóäóÇ ÝõáóÇäñ ÞöÑóÇÁóÉð Úóáóíúåö.
æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö Þóæúáöåö: ÍóÏøóËóäóÇ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäóÇ ãõØúáóÞðÇ¡ æóÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ ÇãúÊöäóÇÚõåõ ; áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöäõØúÞö ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ æóÐóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑö äõØúÞò ãöäúåõ ßóÐöÈò.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÌóÇÒóÉõ ÇáÔøóíúÎö¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈó ÇáúÝõáóÇäöíøó¡ Ãóæú ãóÇ ÕóÍøó ÚöäúÏóßó ãöäú ãóÓúãõæÚóÇÊöí¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö: ÝóÌóæøóÒóåõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÇÊøóÝóÞó åóÄõáóÇÁö Úóáóì ÊóÓúáöíØö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì Þóæúáöåö: ÃóÌóÇÒóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÅöÌóÇÒóÉð¡ æóÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí Þóæúáöåö ÍóÏøóËóäöí æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÙúåóÑõ¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó íõÔúÚöÑõ ÈöäõØúÞö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÐóáößó æóåõæó ßóÐöÈñ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó: áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö ãõØúáóÞðÇ.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ (1) ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ Åöäøóåõ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãõÌöíÒõ æóÇáúãõÌóÇÒõ áóåõ ÞóÏú ÚóáöãóÇ ãóÇ Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö ÇáøóÐöí ÃóÌóÇÒó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ¡ ÌóÇÒóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ÈöÞóæúáöåö: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí æóÍóÏøóËóäöí.
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(1) ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ åõæó ÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ Úóáöíøò ÇáúÌóÕøóÇÕõ ÇáúÈóÛúÏóÇÏöíøõ ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ ÇáúÍóäóÝöíøõ ãóÇÊó ÓóäóÉó 370 Úóäú 75 ÓóäóÉð.(2/100)
æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÊóÈó ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÕóßøðÇ¡ æóÇáÔøõåõæÏõ íóÑóæúäóåõ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó áóåõãõ: ÇÔúåóÏõæÇ Úóáóíøó ÈöÌóãöíÚö ãóÇ Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáÕøóßøö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áóåõãú ÅöÞóÇãóÉõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö Úóáóíúåö ÈöãóÇ Ýöí Ðóáößó ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÌóæóÇÒõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÈöÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáúãõÌöíÒó ÚóÏúáñ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóÌõÒú ÅöáøóÇ ãóÇ Úõáöãó ÕöÍøóÊõåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ßóÇäó ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉó ãóÇ áóãú íóÑóæúåõ ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ æóåõæó ÈóÚöíÏñ Úóäö ÇáúÚóÏúáö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÚõáöãóÊö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Ãóæú ÙõäøóÊú ÈöÅöÌóÇÒóÊöåö¡ ÌóÇÒóÊö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ ßóãóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆó Ãóæú ÞõÑöÆó Úóáóíúåö æóåõæó ÓóÇßöÊñ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: Åöäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËö ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íóÌúÑöí ãóÌúÑóì ÝöÚúáöåö¡ Ýóáóãú íóÌõÒú Ãóäú íóÞõæáó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäúåõ: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí¡ æóáóÇ ÍóÏøóËóäöí áöÃóäøóåõ íóßõæäõ ßóÐöÈðÇ¡ æóáöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì Ãóäú íõÍóÏøöËó Èöåö¡ ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íõÍóÏøöËú Èöåö Ïóáøó Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ ÛóíúÑõ ÕóÍöíÍò ÚöäúÏóåõ.
ÞõáúäóÇ: åóÐóÇ ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóäö ÇáÔøóíúÎö åõæó ÇáúÞóÇÑöÆó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãú íõæÌóÏú ãöäó ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÝöÚúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ æóáóÇ ãóÇ íóÌúÑöí ãóÌúÑóÇåõ æóåõæó ÞóÇÏöÑñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞöÑóÇÁóÉö ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÌõæÒõ áöáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ÍóíúËõ ßóÇäóÊú ÞöÑóÇÁóÊõåõ Úóáóíúåö ãóÚó ÇáÓøõßõæÊö Ïóáöíáó ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóÚóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöí ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö æóÇáúãõÒóíøóÝö æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö íóßõæäõ ÇáúßóáóÇãõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ äóÇæóáóåõ ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Ýöíåö ÍóÏöíËñ ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: ÞóÏú ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó Ãóäú ÊóÑúæöíó Úóäøöí ãóÇ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóåõ Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: äóÇæóáóäöí ÝõáóÇäñ ßóÐóÇ¡ æóÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí¡ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí ãõäóÇæóáóÉð.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÃóíúÖðÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÊóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÈöÍóÏöíËò¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÃóÌóÒúÊõ áóßó ÑöæóÇíóÊóåõ Úóäøöí ÝóÅöäøóåõ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÊöåö¡ æóíõÓóáøöØõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì Ãóäú íóÞõæáó: ßóÇÊóÈóäöí ÈößóÐóÇ æóÍóÏøóËóäöí Ãóæú ÃóÎúÈóÑóäöí ÈößóÐóÇ ßöÊóÇÈóÉð.
æóáóæö ÇÞúÊóÕóÑó Úóáóì ÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö Ãóæö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö Ïõæäó áóÝúÙö ÇáúÅöÌóÇÒóÉö¡ áóãú ÊóÌõÒú áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ¡ ÅöÐú áóíúÓó Ýöí ÇáúßöÊóÇÈóÉö æóÇáúãõäóÇæóáóÉö ãóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÊóÓúæöíÛö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ æóáóÇ Úóáóì ÕöÍøóÉö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ýöí äóÝúÓöåö.
ÃóãøóÇ ÑõÄúíóÉõ ÎóØøö ÇáÔøóíúÎö ÈöÃóäøöí ÓóãöÚúÊõ ãöäú ÝõáóÇäò ßóÐóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ãóÚó Ðóáößó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÓóæóÇÁñ ÞóÇáó: åóÐóÇ ÎóØøöí¡ Ãóæú áóãú íóÞõáúº áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏú íóßúÊõÈõ ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ¡ Ëõãøó íõÔóßøößõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäó ÇáÊøóÓúáöíØö ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÇáÔøóíúÎö Úóáóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ ÈöØóÑöíÞóÉò¡ ÅöÐú áóíúÓó áöÃóÍóÏò ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ãóÇ Ôóßøó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú Ñóæóì ßöÊóÇÈðÇ Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóÔóßøó Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõ(2/101)
ÛóíúÑö ãõÚóíøóäò¡ áóãú ÊóÌõÒú áóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ (1) ÔóíúÁò ãöäúåõ¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúãóÔúßõæßõ Ýöíåö.
æóßóÐóáößó áóæú Ñóæóì Úóäú ÌóãóÇÚóÉò ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÔóßøó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖöåöãú ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÊóÚúíöíäò¡ ÝóáóíúÓó áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Úóäú æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú¡ áöÃóäøóåõ ãóÇ ãöäú æóÇÍöÏò ÅöáøóÇ æóíóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó åõæó ÇáúãóÔúßõæßó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ ãóÚó ÇáÔøóßøö ãõãúÊóäöÚóÉñ.
äóÚóãú¡ áóæú ÛóáóÈó Úóáóì Ùóäøöåö ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Úóäú ÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãóÔóÇíöÎö æóÓóãóÇÚöåö ãöäúåõ¡ ÝóåóÐóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöíåö.
ÝóÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÍóäöíÝóÉó: áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ æóáóÇ ÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåö¡ áöÃóäøóåõ Íõßúãñ Úóáóì ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö Úóäúåõ ÈöÃóäøóåõ ÍóÏøóËóåõ Èöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÇáúÚöáúãö¡ ßóãóÇ Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÇáúÍóÓóäö: ÊóÌõæÒõ áóåõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ æóÇáúÚóãóáõ Èöåöº áöÃóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÍøóÊõåõ.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÂÍóÇÏó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäõæÇ íóÍúãöáõæäó ßõÊõÈó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö Åöáóì ÃóØúÑóÇÝö ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö Ýöí ÃõãõæÑö ÇáÕøóÏóÞóÇÊö æóÛóíúÑöåóÇ¡ æóßóÇäó íóÌöÈõ Úóáóì ßõáøö ÃóÍóÏò ÇáúÃóÎúÐõ ÈöåóÇ ÈöÅöÎúÈóÇÑö ÍóÇãöáöåóÇ ÃóäøóåóÇ ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãóÇ ÝöíåóÇ ãöãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ÇáúÍóÇãöáõ¡ æóáóÇ ÇáúãóÍúãõæáõ Åöáóíúåö áößóæúäöåóÇ ãõÛóáøöÈóÉð Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö.
æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ; áöÃóäøóåõ ÞóÏö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöíóÇØö ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúÊóÈóÑú ãöËúáõåõ Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ßóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó.
æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ¡ Ýóáóæú ÞóÇáó ÚóÏúáñ ãöäú ÚõÏõæáö ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó Úóäú ßöÊóÇÈò ãöäú ßõÊõÈö ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ Åöäøóåõ ÕóÍöíÍñ¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÃóÎúÐö Èöåö æóÇáúÎöáóÇÝö Ýöíåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ùóäøó Ãóäøóåõ íóÑúæöíåö¡ ãóÚó ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö Úóáóì Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäúåõ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ Ùóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäúåõ.
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(1) ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ - ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ ÑöæóÇíóÉñ.(2/102)
[ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ ÝöíãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èöåö]
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì äóÞúáö ÍóÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö]
ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚõ
ÝöíãóÇ ÇÎúÊõáöÝó Ýöí ÑóÏøö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Èöåö æóÝöíåö ÚóÔúÑõ ãóÓóÇÆöáó
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÃõæáóì
ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí äóÞúáö ÍóÏöíËö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö.
æóÇáøóÐöí Úóáóíúåö ÇÊøöÝóÇÞõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóãóÇáößò æóÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò æóÇáúÍóÓóäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÃóÆöãøóÉö Ãóäøóåõ íóÍúÑõãõ Ðóáößó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÞöáö¡ ÅöÐú (1) ßóÇäó ÛóíúÑó ÚóÇÑöÝò ÈöÏóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóæóÇÞöÚöåóÇ¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÇáúÃóæúáóì áóåõ ÇáäøóÞúáõ ÈöäóÝúÓö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÅöÐú åõæó ÃóÈúÚóÏõ Úóäö ÇáÊøóÛúíöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÈúÏöíáö æóÓõæÁö ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö.
æóÅöäú äóÞóáóåõ ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóáóÇ äõÞúÕóÇäò ãöäúåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÌóÇÆöÒñ.
æóäõÞöáó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÓöíÑöíäó (2) æóÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáÓøóáóÝö æõÌõæÈõ äóÞúáö ÇááøóÝúÙö Úóáóì ÕõæÑóÊöåö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøö ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóãöäúåõãú ãóäú ÝóÕøóáó æóÞóÇáó: ÈöÌóæóÇÒö ÅöÈúÏóÇáö ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöãóÇ íõÑóÇÏöÝõåõ¡ æóáóÇ íóÔúÊóÈöåõ ÇáúÍóÇáõ Ýöíåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÈöãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ Ðóáößó.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáúÌõãúåõæÑö¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáäøóÕøõ¡ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóÇáúÃóËóÑõ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò «Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáðÇ ÓóÃóáó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÞóÇáó áóåõ: " íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö ÊõÍóÏøöËõäóÇ ÈöÍóÏöíËò áóÇ äóÞúÏöÑõ Ãóäú äóÓõæÞóåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚúäóÇåõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈó ÃóÍóÏõßõãõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÝóáúíõÍóÏøöËú» (3) æóÃóíúÖðÇ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ßóÇäó ãõÞóÑøöÑðÇ áöÂÍóÇÏö ÑõÓõáöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÈöáóÇÏö Ýöí ÅöÈúáóÇÛö ÃóæóÇãöÑöåö æóäóæóÇåöíåö ÈöáõÛóÉö ÇáúãóÈúÚõæËö Åöáóíúåöãú Ïõæäó áóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóåõæó Ïóáöíáõ ÇáúÌóæóÇÒö.
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(1) ÅöÐö ÇáÕøóæóÇÈõ Åöäú Ãóæú ÅöÐóÇ
(2) åõæó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ÓöíÑöíäó ÇáúÃóäúÕóÇÑöíøõ ãóæúáóÇåõãú ÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑö Èúäõ ÃóÈöí ÚóãúÑóÉó ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ ãóÇÊó Ýöí ÔóæøóÇáò ÓóäóÉó 110 Úóäú 77 ÓóäóÉð æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ åõæó ÇáúÌóÕøóÇÕõ ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ.
(3) ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÑöíÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí: Ñóæóì ÇáúÈóíúåóÞöíøõ Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò ÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáúÊõ ÃóäóÇ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑö Úóáóì æóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö¡ ÝóÞõáúäóÇ áóåõ: íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ ÅöáóÎú¡ æóãóßúÍõæáñ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÃóíøõæÈó Ãóæú ÃóÈõæ ãõÓúáöãò ÇáÔøóÇãöíøõ ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ¡ æóÃóÈõæ ÇáúÃóÒúåóÑö åõæó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉõ Èúäõ ÝóÑúæóÉó ÇáÏøöãóÔúÞöíøõ.(2/103)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÍóÏøóËó ÞóÇáó: ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - åóßóÐóÇ Ãóæú äóÍúæóåõ¡ æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö ãõäúßöÑñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóËóÑõ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäú ãóßúÍõæáò Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáúäóÇ Úóáóì æóÇËöáóÉó Èúäö ÇáúÃóÓúÞóÚö ÝóÞõáúäóÇ: " ÍóÏøöËúäóÇ ÍóÏöíËðÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö ÊóÞúÏöíãñ æóáóÇ ÊóÃúÎöíÑñ "¡ ÝóÛóÖöÈó æóÞóÇáó: " áóÇ ÈóÃúÓó ÅöÐóÇ ÞóÏøóãúÊõ æóÃóÎøóÑúÊõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÕóÈúÊõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì " (1) .
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚó ãõäúÚóÞöÏñ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÔóÑúÍö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö áöáúÚóÌóãö ÈöáöÓóÇäöåöãú¡ æóÅöÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÇáúÅöÈúÏóÇáõ ÈöÛóíúÑö ÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö Ýöí ÊóÝóåøõãö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉõ Ãóæúáóì.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: åõæó ÃóäøóÇ äóÚúáóãõ Ãóäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÛóíúÑõ ãóÞúÕõæÏò áöÐóÇÊöåö æóäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÐúßõÑõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ýöí ÇáúßõÑóÇÊö ÇáúãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉö ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ Èóáö ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóãóÚó ÍõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÝóáóÇ ÃóËóÑó áöÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇááøóÝúÙö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöÇáäøóÕøö æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö:
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ: ÝóÞóæúáõåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÝóæóÚóÇåóÇ¡ æóÃóÏøóÇåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ¡ ÝóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò Åöáóì ÛóíúÑö ÝóÞöíåò¡ æóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝóÞúåò Åöáóì ãóäú åõæó ÃóÝúÞóåõ ãöäúåõ» ".
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ Ãóäøó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁó ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÃóåúáó ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ ÞóÏú íóÎúÊóáöÝõæäó Ýöí ãóÚúäóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúæóÇÑöÏö ãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãú ÞóÏú íóÊóäóÈøóåõ ãöäúåõ Úóáóì ãóÇ áóÇ íóÊóäóÈøóåõ Úóáóíúåö ÇáúÂÎóÑõ.
æóÚöäúÏó Ðóáößó ÝóÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÈöÇáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö æóÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÏóáóÇáóÇÊö ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙö¡ ÝóÞóÏú íóÍúãöáõ ÇááøóÝúÙó Úóáóì ãóÚúäóì Ýóåúãöåö ãöäó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ãóÚó ÇáúÛóÝúáóÉö Úóäú ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó.
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÃóÊóì ÈöáóÝúÙò íõÄóÏøöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáøóÐöí Ýóåöãóåõ ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇ ÃóÎóáøó Èöåö åõæó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ Ãóæú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ æóÇÝöíðÇ ÈöÇáúÛóÑóÖö ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÑõÈøóãóÇ ÇÎúÊóáøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäó ÇááøóÝúÙö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö ÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö ÊóÚóÏøõÏö ÇáäøóÞóáóÉö¡ ÈöÃóäú íóäúÞöáó ßõáøõ æóÇÍöÏò ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáøóÐöí ÞóÈúáóåõ ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ÛóíúÑö ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö Úóáóì ÍóÓóÈö ãóÇ íóÚúÞöáõåõ ãöäú áóÝúÙöåö¡ ãóÚó ÇáÊøóÝóÇæõÊö ÇáúíóÓöíÑö Ýöí ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÍóÊøóì íóäúÊóåöíó ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóÎöíÑõ Åöáóì ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏö ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáäøóÈóæöíøö ÈöÇáúßõáøöíøóÉö¡ æóåõæó ãõãúÊóäöÚñ.
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(1) ÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÑöíÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËó ãõØóæøóáðÇ¡ æóÞóÇáó: ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóäúÏóåú Ýöí ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóÇáØøóÈóÑóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúßóÈöíÑö ãöäú ÍóÏöíËö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÓõáóíúãóÇäó Èúäö ÃõßóíúãóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÇáÓøóÇÆöáõ æóÇáúÍóÏöíËõ ãõÖúØóÑöÈñ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ ßóãóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÓøóÎóÇæöíøõ: æóÐóßóÑóåõ ÇáúÌóæúÒóÌóÇäöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúãóæúÖõæÚóÇÊö.(2/104)
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Þóæúáñ ÊóÚóÈøóÏúäóÇ ÈöÇÊøöÈóÇÚöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÊóÈúÏöíáõåõ ÈöÛóíúÑöåö¡ ßóÇáúÞõÑúÂäö æóßóáöãóÇÊö ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö æóÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ: Úóäö ÇáäøóÕøö ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: ÇáúÞóæúáõ ÈöãõæÌóÈöåö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ãóäú äóÞóáó ãóÚúäóì ÇááøóÝúÙö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ äõÞúÕóÇäò íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÃóÏøóì ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ íõÞóÇáõ áöãóäú ÊóÑúÌóãó áõÛóÉð Åöáóì áõÛóÉò¡ æóáóãú íõÛóíøöÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ÃóÏøóì ãóÇ ÓóãöÚó ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚó¡ æóíóÏõáøõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÇáúãõÑóÇÏó ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó äóÞúáõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÚúáöíáö¡ æóåõæó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÇáúÝöÞúåö¡ ÅöÐú åõæó ÇáúãõÄóËøöÑõ Ýöí ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÃóáúÝóÇÙõ ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íóÎúÊóáöÝõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Ýöí ÞöíóÇãö ÈóÚúÖöåóÇ ãóÞóÇãó ÈóÚúÖò¡ ÝóÐóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóÓúÊóæöí Ýöíåö ÇáúÝóÞöíåõ æóÇáúÃóÝúÞóåõ æóãóäú áóíúÓó ÈöÝóÞöíåò¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ãõÄóËøöÑðÇ Ýöí ÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇáúãóÚúäóì.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó åóÐóÇ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÈöÚóíúäöåö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒö äóÞúáö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó Ãóäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãóÑúæöíøó ÍóÏöíËñ æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ ÊóßóÑøõÑöåö ãöäó ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó ÈöÃóáúÝóÇÙò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ ÞóÏú Ñõæöíó «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð» «¡ æóÑóÍöãó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð» ¡ «æóÑõÈøó ÍóÇãöáö ÝöÞúåò ÛóíúÑö ÝóÞöíåò» ¡ æóÑõæöíó áóÇ ÝöÞúåó áóåõ (1) .
æóÚóäö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö Ãóäøó ÇáúßóáóÇãó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ãóÝúÑõæÖñ Ýöí äóÞúáö ÇáúãóÚúäóì ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÒöíóÇÏóÉò æóáóÇ äõÞúÕóÇäò¡ ÍóÊøóì Åöäøóåõ áóæú ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöíåö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ æóÇáäøõÞúÕóÇäõ áóãú íóßõäú ÌóÇÆöÒðÇ.
æóÚóäö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÈöÇáúÝóÑúÞö Èóíúäó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãóÞöíÓö ÚóáóíúåóÇ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÝóáöÃóäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäú ÃóáúÝóÇÙöåö ÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇÒõ¡ ÝóÊóÛúíöíÑõåõ ãöãøóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõåõ Úóäö ÇáúÅöÚúÌóÇÒö ÝóáóÇ íóÌõæÒõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäúåõ ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íóÌõæÒõ ÇáÊøóÞúÏöíãõ æóÇáÊøóÃúÎöíÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÎúÊóáöÝö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú ÞóÇáó ÈóÏóáó ÇÓúÌõÏöí æóÇÑúßóÚöí¡ ÇÑúßóÚöí æóÇÓúÌõÏöí¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ßóáöãóÇÊõ ÇáúÃóÐóÇäö æóÇáÊøóÔóåøõÏö æóÇáÊøóßúÈöíÑö¡ ÝóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäúåóÇ ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÊøóÚóÈøõÏõ ÈöåóÇ¡ æóÐóáößó áóÇ íóÍúÕõáõ ÈöãóÚúäóÇåóÇ¡ æóÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏõ ãöäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö åõæó ÇáúãóÚúäóì Ïõæäó ÇááøóÝúÙö. ßóíúÝó æóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó ÞöíóÇÓõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÞöíóÇÓöåö Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉöº ÍóíúËõ ÊóÌõæÒõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÔóåóÇÏóÉö ÇáúÛóíúÑö ãóÚó ÇÊøöÍóÇÏö ÇáúãóÚúäóì¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ.
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(1) ÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ Ýöí ÇáúÌóÇãöÚö(2/105)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö Úóäúåõ]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇäöíóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÇáÔøóíúÎõ ÑöæóÇíóÉó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö Úóäúåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÅöäúßóÇÑõåõ áöÐóáößó ÅöäúßóÇÑó ÌõÍõæÏò æóÊóßúÐöíÈò áöáúÝóÑúÚö¡ Ãóæú ÅöäúßóÇÑó äöÓúíóÇäò æóÊóæóÞøõÝò.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóáóÇ ÎöáóÇÝó Ýöí ÇãúÊöäóÇÚö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö (1) áöÃóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ãõßóÐøöÈñ áöáúÂÎóÑö ÝöíãóÇ íóÏøóÚöíåö¡ æóáóÇ ÈõÏøó ãöäú ßóÐöÈö ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõæÌöÈñ áöáúÞóÏúÍö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó Ðóáößó áóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÌóÑúÍó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Úóáóì ÇáÊøóÚúíöíäö ; áöÃóäøó ßõáøó æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóÞóÏú æóÞóÚó ÇáÔøóßøõ Ýöí ßóÐöÈöåö.
æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÇáúÚóÏóÇáóÉõ ÝóáóÇ ÊõÊúÑóßõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö.
æóÊóÙúåóÑõ ÝóÇÆöÏóÉõ Ðóáößó Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÑöæóÇíóÉö ßõáøö æóÇÍöÏò ãöäúåõãóÇ Ýöí ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÎúÊóáóÝõæÇ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö Ðóáößó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö æóÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ÝóÐóåóÈó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ æóãóÇáößñ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÃóÕóÍøö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Åöáóì ÌóæóÇÒö ÇáúÚóãóáö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúßóÑúÎöíøö (2) æóÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÇáúÃõÎúÑóì Úóäúåõ¡ æóÏóáöíáõåõ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ.
ÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ ÝóãóÇ Ñõæöíó Ãóäøó ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Èúäó ÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö ÇáÑøóÍúãóäö Ñóæóì Úóäú Óõåóíúáö Èúäö ÃóÈöí ÕóÇáöÍò¡ Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó¡ Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - «Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÖóì ÈöÇáúíóãöíäö ãóÚó ÇáÔøóÇåöÏö» (3) Ëõãøó äóÓóÈóåõ Óõåóíúáñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó íóÞõæáõ: ÍóÏøóËóäöí ÑóÈöíÚóÉõ Úóäøöí Ãóäøöí ÍóÏøóËúÊõåõ Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - æóíóÑúæöíåö åóßóÐóÇ.
æóáóãú íõäúßöÑú Úóáóíúåö ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÇÈöÚöíäó Ðóáößó¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ãöäúåõãú Úóáóì ÌóæóÇÒöåö.
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(1) ÐóßóÑó Çáäøóæóæöíøõ Ýöí ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÈö Ãóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ¡ æóÐóßóÑó ÇáÓøõíõæØöíøõ Ýöí ÊóÏúÑöíÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäøó ãõÞóÇÈöáó ÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑö ÚóÏóãõ ÑóÏøö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ ÞóÇáó: æóÇÎúÊóÇÑóåõ ÇáÓøóãúÚóÇäöíøõ æóÚóÒóÇåõ ÇáÔøóÇÔöíøõ áöáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö¡ Ëõãøó ÐóßóÑó ÞóæúáðÇ ËóÇáöËðÇ æóÑóÇÈöÚðÇ ÝóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÚóÏóãó ÇáÑøóÏøö ÃóíúÖðÇ ÇÈúäõ ÇáÓøõÈúßöíøö Ýöí ÌóãúÚö ÇáúÌóæóÇãöÚö
(2) ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøõ åõæó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍóÓóäö ÚõÈóíúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ Ïóáúåóãò
(3) ÑóæóÇåõ ÇÈúäõ ãóÇÌóåú æóÇáÊøöÑúãöÐöíøõ æóÃóÈõæ ÏóÇæõÏó(2/106)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö: ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáúÝóÑúÚó ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇÒöãñ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Úóäö ÇáúÃóÕúáö¡ ÛóíúÑõ ãõßóÐøöÈò áóåõ æóåõãóÇ ÚóÏúáóÇäö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÞóÈõæáõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö æóÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó äöÓúíóÇäó ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ áóÇ ÊóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì ãóæúÊöåö æóÌõäõæäöåö¡ æóáóæú ãóÇÊó Ãóæú Ìõäøó¡ ßóÇäóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÝóÑúÚö Úóäúåõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉð¡ æóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöåóÇ ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ ÝóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ äóÓöíó.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÃóãøóÇ ÇáöÇÓúÊöÏúáóÇáõ ÈöÞóÖöíøóÉö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÍõÌøóÉó Ýöíåö¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäøó ÓõåóíúáðÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÑóÈöíÚóÉó Úóäúåõ æóãóÚó ÇáÐøößúÑö¡ ÝóÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉõ Êóßõæäõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉð.
Ëõãøó åõæó ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ Ñõæöíó «Ãóäøó ÚóãøóÇÑó Èúäó íóÇÓöÑò ÞóÇáó áöÚõãóÑó Èúäö ÇáúÎóØøóÇÈö ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ (ÃóãóÇ ÊóÐúßõÑõ íóÇ ÃóãöíÑó ÇáúãõÄúãöäöíäó¡ áóãøóÇ ßõäøóÇ Ýöí ÇáúÅöÈöáö¡ ÝóÃóÌúäóÈúÊõ ÝóÊóãóÚøóßúÊõ Ýöí ÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö¡ Ëõãøó ÓóÃóáúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÝóÞóÇáó: ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßúÝöíßó Ãóäú ÊóÖúÑöÈó ÈöíóÏóíúßó» (1) Ýóáóãú íóÞúÈóáú ÚõãóÑõ ãöäú ÚóãøóÇÑò ãóÇ ÑóæóÇåõ¡ ãóÚó ßóæúäöåö ÚóÏúáðÇ ÚöäúÏóåõ¡ áöãóÇ ßóÇäó äóÇÓöíðÇ áóåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö¡ ÝóÇáúÃóÕúáõ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãõßóÐøöÈðÇ áöáúÝóÑúÚö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó äöÓúíóÇäóåõ áöãóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóíúåö íóÌöÈõ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÚóãóáö Èöåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæö ÇÏøóÚóì ãõÏøóÚò Ãóäøó ÇáúÍóÇßöãó Íóßóãó áóåõ ÈöÔóíúÁò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ: áóÇ ÃóÐúßõÑõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÃóÞóÇãó ÇáúãõÏøóÚöí ÔóÇåöÏóíúäö ÔóåöÏóÇ ÈöÐóáößó¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóÇ íõÞúÈóáõ¡ æóßóÐóáößó ÅöÐóÇ ÃóäúßóÑó ÔóÇåöÏõ ÇáúÃóÕúáö ÔóåóÇÏóÉó ÇáúÝóÑúÚö Úóáóíúåö Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáäøöÓúíóÇäö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉó áóÇ ÊõÞúÈóáõ.
ÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú Þóæúáöåöãú: Åöäøó ÓõåóíúáðÇ ÐóßóÑó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó¡ ÞõáúäóÇ áóæú ßóÇäó ßóÐóáößó¡ áóÇäúØóæóì ÐößúÑõ ÑóÈöíÚóÉó¡ æóßóÇäó íóÑúæöí Úóäú ÔóíúÎöåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú äóÓöíó¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÐóßøóÑó ÈöäóÝúÓöåö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÑóÏøõ ÚõãóÑó áöÑöæóÇíóÉö ÚóãøóÇÑò ÚöäúÏó äöÓúíóÇäöåö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó äóÙöíÑðÇ áöãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ áóãú íóßõäú ÑóÇæöíðÇ Úóäú ÚõãóÑó¡ Èóáú Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóÚúãóáõ ÚõãóÑõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö ÝóáóÚóáøóåõ ßóÇäó ÔóÇßøðÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö Ãóæú ßóÃóäøó Ðóáößó ßóÇäó ãóÐúåóÈðÇ áóåõ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ.
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(1) ÃóËóÑõ ãõÍóÇÌøóÉö ÚóãøóÇÑò áöÚõãóÑó Ýöí Êóíóãøõãö ÇáúÌõäõÈö¡ ÑóæóÇåõ ÃóÍúãóÏõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÓúäóÏö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÍóÏöíËõ ÊóÚúáöíãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÚóãøóÇÑðÇ ÕöÝóÉó ÇáÊøóíóãøõãö ÝóãóÑúæöíøñ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÍöíÍóíúäö(2/107)
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÍóÇßöãõ ÅöÐóÇ äóÓöíó ãóÇ Íóßóãó Èöåö¡ æóÔóåöÏó ÔóÇåöÏóÇäö ÈöÍõßúãöåö¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ãóÇáößñ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó: íóáúÒóãõåõ ÇáúÍõßúãõ ÈöÔóåóÇÏóÊöåöãóÇ¡ æóÚöäúÏóäóÇ æóÅöäú áóãú íóÌöÈú Úóáóíúåö Ðóáößó¡ Ýóåõæó æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúÞõÖóÇÉö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÕöÍøõ áöÃóäøó ÈóÇÈó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÖúíóÞõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÞóÏö ÇÚúÊõÈöÑó ÝöíåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÔøõÑõæØö æóÇáúÞõíõæÏö ãóÇ áóãú íõÚúÊóÈóÑú Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö ÇáúÚóÏóÏö æóÇáúÍõÑøöíøóÉö æóÇáÐøõßõæÑóÉö¡ æóáóÇ íõÞúÈóáú ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÚóäúÚóäóÉõ¡ æóáóÇ ÊóÕöÍøõ ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉõ Úóáóì ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ãöäú æóÑóÇÁö ÍöÌóÇÈò¡ æóáóæú ÞóÇáó: ÃóÚúáóãõ ÈóÏóáó Þóæúáöåö ÃóÔúåóÏõ áóÇ íóÕöÍøõ¡ æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó Ýöí ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÝóÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÍóÏöíËðÇ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇáöËóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ ãöäó ÇáËøöÞóÇÊö ÍóÏöíËðÇ¡ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö áóÇ ÊõÎóÇáöÝõ ÇáúãóÒöíÏó Úóáóíúåö¡ ßóãóÇ áóæú Ñóæóì ÌóãóÇÚóÉñ¡ Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÈóíúÊó¡ æóÇäúÝóÑóÏó æóÇÍöÏñ ãöäúåõãú ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÏóÎóáó ÇáúÈóíúÊó æóÕóáøóì¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÌúáöÓõ ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúãõäúÝóÑöÏõ ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ Úóäú ãóÌúáöÓò ÛóíúÑö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáúÈóÇÞöíäó¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøó ãóÌúáöÓó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ãõÊøóÍöÏñ¡ æóíõÌúåóáõ ÇáúÃóãúÑóÇäö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ áöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - ÞóÏú ÝóÚóáó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó Ýöí ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓóíúäö Ïõæäó ÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÇáÑøóÇæöí ÚóÏúáñ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóáóãú íõæÌóÏú ãóÇ íóÞúÏóÍõ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ÑöæóÇíóÊõåõ ãóÞúÈõæáóÉð.
æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæú Ñóæóì ÍóÏöíËðÇ áóãú íóäúÞöáúåõ ÛóíúÑõåõ ãóÚó ÚóÏóãö ÍõÖõæÑöåö áóãú íóÞúÏóÍú Ðóáößó Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóßóÐóáößó áóæú ÔóåöÏó ÇËúäóÇäö Úóáóì ÔóÎúÕò ÈöÃóáúÝóíú ÏöÑúåóãò áöÒóíúÏò Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓò¡ æóÔóåöÏóÊú ÈóíøöäóÉñ ÃõÎúÑóì Úóáóíúåö Ýöí ãóÌúáöÓò ÂÎóÑó ÈöÃóáúÝò¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ Ðóáößó ÞóÇÏöÍðÇ Ýöí ÇáúÃóáúÝö ÇáÒøóÇÆöÏóÉö¡ ãóÚó Ãóäøó ÈóÇÈó ÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö ÃóÖúíóÞõ ãöäú ÈóÇÈö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ßóãóÇ ÞóÑøóÑúäóÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäö ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóäú áóãú íóÑúæõæÇ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ÞóÏö ÇäúÊóåóæúÇ Åöáóì ÚóÏóÏò áóÇ íõÊóÕóæøóÑõ Ýöí ÇáúÚóÇÏóÉö ÛóÝúáóÉõ ãöËúáöåöãú Úóäú ÓóãóÇÚö Êöáúßó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÝóåúãöåóÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÊóØóÑøõÞó ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáÓøóåúæö Åöáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ íóßõæäõ Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞö Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúÚóÏóÏö ÇáúãóÝúÑõæÖö(2/108)
ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÑóÏøõåóÇ (1) æóÅöäú áóãú íóäúÊóåõæÇ Åöáóì åóÐóÇ ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ ÝóÞóÏö ÇÊøóÝóÞó ÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö æóÇáúãõÊóßóáøöãöíäó Úóáóì æõÌõæÈö ÞóÈõæáö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Úóäúåõ áöÌóãóÇÚóÉò ãöäó ÇáúãõÍóÏøöËöíäó¡ æóáöÃóÍúãóÏó Èúäö ÍóäúÈóáò Ýöí ÅöÍúÏóì ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÊóíúäö Úóäúåõ.
æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÚóÏúáñ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÒóãó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ æóÚóÏóãõ äóÞúáö ÇáúÛóíúÑö áóåóÇ ÝóáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóäú áóãú íóäúÞõáö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ÞóÏú ÏóÎóáó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö æóÓóãöÚó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Ãóæú ÎóÑóÌó Ýöí ÃóËúäóÇÁö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö áöØóÇÑöÆò ÃóæúÌóÈó áóåõ ÇáúÎõÑõæÌó ÞóÈúáó ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö.
æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÍóÇÖöÑðÇ ãöäú Ãóæøóáö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö Åöáóì ÂÎöÑöåö¡ ÝóáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ØóÑóÃó ãóÇ ÔóÛóáóåõ Úóäú ÓóãóÇÚö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö æóÝóåúãöåóÇ ãöäú Óóåúæò Ãóæú Ãóáóãò Ãóæú ÌõæÚò Ãóæú ÚóØóÔò ãõÝúÑöØò¡ Ãóæú ÝößúÑóÉò Ýöí ÃóãúÑò ãõåöãøò¡ Ãóæö ÇÔúÊöÛóÇáò ÈöÍóÏöíËò ãóÚó ÛóíúÑöåö æóÇáúÊöÝóÇÊò Åöáóíúåö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ äóÓöíóåóÇ ÈóÚúÏó ãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ.
æóãóÚó ÊóØóÑøõÞö åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö æóÌóÒúãö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÚóÏóãõ äóÞúáö ÛóíúÑöåö áöáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÞóÇÏöÍðÇ Ýöí ÑöæóÇíóÊöåö.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõäúÞóÏöÍóÉð Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú áóãú íóÑúæö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó¡ ÝóÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáÓøóåúæö Úóáóì ÇáäøóÇÞöáö áöáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÃóíúÖðÇ ãõäúÞóÏöÍñ.
æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóÊóæóåøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó Êöáúßó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó¡ æóáóãú íóßõäú ÞóÏú ÓóãöÚóåóÇ¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ æóÊóæóåøóãó ÓóãóÇÚóåóÇ ãöäó ÇáÑøóÓõæáö¡ Ãóæú Ãóäøóåõ ÐóßóÑóåóÇ Úóáóì ÓóÈöíáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö¡ ÝóÙóäøó ÇáÓøóÇãöÚõ ÃóäøóåóÇ ÒöíóÇÏóÉñ Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö ÇáúãóÑúæöíøö¡ æóÐóáößó ßóãóÇ Ñóæóì ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ «Ãóäøóåõ äóåóì Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ÞóÈúáó Ãóäú íõÓúÊóæúÝóì» .
ÞóÇáó ÇÈúäõ ÚóÈøóÇÓò: æóáóÇ ÃóÍúÓóÈõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáØøóÚóÇãö ÅöáøóÇ ßóÇáØøóÚóÇãö¡ ÝóÃóÏúÑóÌóåõ ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáÑøõæóÇÉö Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö.
æóßóÐóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: " «ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÒóÇÏóÊö ÇáúÅöÈöáõ Úóáóì ãöÇÆóÉò æóÚöÔúÑöíäó ÇÓúÊõÄúäöÝóÊö ÇáúÝóÑöíÖóÉõ» " ÝóÙóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöí Ãóäøó ÇáöÇÓúÊöÆúäóÇÝó ÅöÚóÇÏóÉð áöáúÝóÑúÖö ÇáúÃóæøóáö Ýöí ÇáúãöÇÆóÉö ÇáúÃõæáóì¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: Ýöí ßõáøö ÎóãúÓò ÔóÇÉñ¡ æóÃóÏúÑóÌó Ðóáößó Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóãóÚó ÊóÚóÇÑõÖö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö¡ ÝóáóíúÓó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ãóæúáóì ãöäú ÊóÑúßöåóÇ¡ Èóáö ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍõ ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáÊøóÑúßö áöæóÌúåóíúäö:
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(1) æóÞöíáó ÊõÞúÈóáõ áöÌóæóÇÒö Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉõ ÊóÑóßóÊúåóÇ ÇÞúÊöÕóÇÑðÇ Úóáóì ãóÍóáøö ÇáöÇÓúÊöÔúåóÇÏö áóÇ ÛóáóØðÇ æóáóÇ ÓóåúæðÇ¡ æóãöËóÇáõ Ðóáößó ÍóÏöíËõ ÍõÐóíúÝóÉó: ÌõÚöáóÊú áöíó ÇáúÃóÑúÖõ ãóÓúÌöÏðÇ æóØóåõæÑðÇ¡ ÊóÝóÑøóÏó ÃóÈõæ ãóÇáößò ÇáúÃóÔúÌóÚöíøõ ÝóÞóÇáó: æóÊõÑúÈóÊõåóÇ ØóåõæÑðÇ¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÞúÑöíÈó æóÔóÑúÍóåõ áöáÓøõíõæØöíøö(2/109)
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó ÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáúÛóáóØö æóÇáÓøóåúæö Úóáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäö ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÊóØóÑøõÞöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÑúßó Úóáóì æóÝúÞö ÇáäøóÝúíö ÇáúÃóÕúáöíøö¡ æóÇáúÅöËúÈóÇÊó Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ãóæúáóì¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóæö ÇÌúÊóãóÚó ÇáúãõÞóæøöãõæäó Úóáóì ÞöíãóÉö ãõÊúáóÝò¡ æóÎóÇáóÝóåõãú æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí ÊóÞúæöíãöåö Ýöí ÇáúÞöíãóÉö ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ÊõáúÛóì ÈöÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚö.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ ÚóãøóÇ ÚóÇÑóÖõæÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáÓøóåúæö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ÑóÇæöí ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö¡ Ãóäøóåõ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõäúÞóÏöÍðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö Ýöí ÍóÞøö ãóäú áóãú íóÑúæö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ÃóßúËóÑõ¡ æóáöÃóäøó Óóåúæó ÇáúÅöäúÓóÇäö ÚóãøóÇ ÓóãöÚóåõ íóßõæäõ ÃóßúËóÑó ãöäú Óóåúæöåö ÝöíãóÇ áóãú íóÓúãóÚúåõ Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚóåõ.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ÈöäóÇÁð Úóáóì ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇáÊøóÝúÓöíÑö æóÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÞóÇÆöãðÇ¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøóåõ Ýöí ÛóÇíóÉö ÇáúÈõÚúÏö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÇáËøöÞóÉö Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íõÏúÑöÌõ Ýöí ßóáóÇãö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãóÇ áóíúÓó Ýöíåö áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäó ÇáÊøóÏúáöíÓö æóÇáÊøóáúÈöíÓö¡ æóáóæú ÌóæøóÒó ãöËúáó Ðóáößó ÝóãóÇ ãöäú ÍóÏöíËò ÅöáøóÇ æóíõãúßöäõ Ãóäú íóÊóØóÑøóÞó Åöáóíúåö åóÐóÇ ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ¡ æóíóáúÒóãõ ãöäú Ðóáößó ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÌóãöíÚö ÇáúÃóÍóÇÏöíËö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõØøóÑöÏò ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ÚóÏóÏõ ÇáäøóÇÞöáö áöáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö ãõÓóÇæöíðÇ áöÚóÏóÏö ÇáúÂÎóÑöíäó¡ æóåõæó ãöäú ÌõãúáóÉö ÕõæóÑö ÇáäøöÒóÇÚö¡ æóÈöÊóÞúÏöíÑö Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÃóßúËóÑó¡ ÝóÞóÏú ÈóíøóäøóÇ Ãóäøó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍó ÈöÌóÇäöÈö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö ÇáËøóÇäöí Ýóåõæó ãõÚóÇÑóÖñ ÈöãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäóÊö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ãõÞúÊóÖöíóÉð áöäóÝúíö Íõßúãò áóæúáóÇåóÇ áóËóÈóÊó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáÊøóÞúæöíãõ ÝóÍóÇÕöáõåõ íóÑúÌöÚõ Åöáóì Ùóäøò æóÊóÎúãöíäò ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáöÇÌúÊöåóÇÏö¡ æóáóÇ íóÎúÝóì Ãóäøó ÊóØóÑøõÞó ÇáúÎóØóÃö Ýöí Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÃóßúËóÑõ ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞöåö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãúÚö¡ ÈöÎöáóÇÝö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ áóÇ Êóßõæäõ ÅöáøóÇ ÈöäóÞúáö ãóÇ åõæó ãóÍúÓõæÓñ ÈöÇáÓøóãúÚö¡ æóÊóØóÑøõÞõ ÇáúÎóØóÃö Åöáóíúåö ÈóÚöíÏñ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú Ìõåöáó ÇáúÍóÇáõ Ýöí Ãóäøó ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉó Úóäú ãóÌúáöÓò æóÇÍöÏò Ãóæú ãóÌóÇáöÓò ãõÎúÊóáöÝóÉò¡ ÝóÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÇÊøóÍóÏó ÇáúãóÌúáöÓõ¡ æóÞóÈõæáõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉö Ýöíåö Ãóæúáóì¡ äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝö ãóÌúáöÓö ÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö.
åóÐóÇ ßõáøõåõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ áóãú Êóßõäö ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉõ ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉð áöáúãóÒöíÏö Úóáóíúåö(2/110)
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãõÎóÇáöÝóÉð áóåõ¡ ÈöÍóíúËõ áóÇ íõãúßöäõ ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ ÇáÊøóÚóÇÑõÖõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÈóÚúÖö ÇáúãõÚúÊóÒöáóÉö¡ æóÚóáóì åóÐóÇ áóæú Ñóæóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ ÇáÒøöíóÇÏóÉó ãóÑøóÉð¡ æóÃóåúãóáóåóÇ ãóÑøóÉð¡ Ýöí ÍóÏöíËò æóÇÍöÏò¡ ÝóÇáÊøóÝúÕöíáõ æóÇáúÍõßúãõ Úóáóì ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÊóÚóÏøóÏóÊö ÇáÑøõæóÇÉõ¡ ÝóÚóáóíúßó ÈöÇáöÇÚúÊöÈóÇÑö.
æóßóÐóáößó ÇáúÎöáóÇÝõ ÝöíãóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÓúäóÏó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó æóÇÍöÏñ¡ æóÃóÑúÓóáóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó¡ Ãóæú ÑóÝóÚóåõ Åöáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóæúÞóÝóåõ ÇáúÈóÇÞõæäó Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóÃóÑóÇÏó äóÞúáó ÈóÚúÖöåö æóÍóÐúÝó ÈóÚúÖöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÑøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ ÓóãöÚó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÎóÈóÑðÇ æóÃóÑóÇÏó äóÞúáó ÈóÚúÖöåö¡ æóÍóÐúÝó ÈóÚúÖöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ãõÊóÖóãøöäðÇ áöÃóÍúßóÇãò áóÇ íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖò¡ Ãóæú íóÊóÚóáøóÞõ ÈóÚúÖõåóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖò.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ßóÞóæúáöåö: (ÇáúãõÄúãöäõæäó ÊóÊóßóÇÝóÃõ ÏöãóÇÄõåõãú¡ æóíóÓúÚóì ÈöÐöãøóÊöåöãú ÃóÏúäóÇåõãú¡ æóíóÑõÏøõ Úóáóíúåöãú ÃóÞúÕóÇåõãú¡ æóåõãú íóÏñ Úóáóì ãóäú ÓöæóÇåõãú) ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí ÌóæóÇÒö äóÞúáö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö æóÊóÑúßö ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ ÝóÅöäøó Ðóáößó ÈöãóäúÒöáóÉö ÃóÎúÈóÇÑò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò¡ æóãóäú ÓóãöÚó ÃóÎúÈóÇÑðÇ ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉð Ýóáóåõ ÑöæóÇíóÉõ ÇáúÈóÚúÖö Ïõæäó ÇáúÈóÚúÖö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæúáóì ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó äóÞúáõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö ÈöÊóãóÇãöåö¡ áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «äóÖøóÑó Çááøóåõ ÇãúÑóÃð ÓóãöÚó ãóÞóÇáóÊöí ÝóæóÚóÇåóÇ¡ ÝóÃóÏøóÇåóÇ ßóãóÇ ÓóãöÚóåóÇ» ) .
æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÐóáößó ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ãõÔúÊóãöáðÇ Úóáóì ÐößúÑö ÛóÇíóÉò¡ ßóäóåúíöåö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáØøóÚóÇãöº ÍóÊøóì ÊóÍõæÒóåõ ÇáÊøõÌøóÇÑõ Åöáóì ÑöÍóÇáöåöãú¡ æóßóäóåúíöåö Úóäú ÈóíúÚö ÇáËøöãóÇÑö ÍóÊøóì ÊõÒúåöíó¡ Ãóæú ÔóÑúØò: ßóÞóæúáöåö ( «ãóäú ÞóÇÁó Ãóæú ÑóÚóÝó Ãóæú ÃóãúÐóì ÝóáúíóÊóæóÖøóÃú æõÖõæÁóåõ áöáÕøóáóÇÉö» ) .
Ãóæö ÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁò: ßóÞóæúáöåö ( «áóÇ ÊóÈöíÚõæÇ ÇáúÈõÑøó ÈöÇáúÈõÑøö Åöáóì Þóæúáöåö ÅöáøóÇ ÓóæóÇÁð ÈöÓóæóÇÁò ãöËúáðÇ ÈöãöËúáò» ) .
ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÐóßóÑó ÈóÚúÖó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóÞóØóÚóåõ Úóäö ÇáúÛóÇíóÉö Ãóæö ÇáÔøóÑúØö Ãóæö ÇáöÇÓúÊöËúäóÇÁö¡ Ýóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ÌóÇÆöÒò áöãóÇ Ýöíåö ãöäú ÊóÛúíöíÑö ÇáúÍõßúãö æóÊóÈúÏöíáö ÇáÔøóÑúÚö.(2/111)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚóãóáö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáúÎóÇãöÓóÉõ
ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ æóÑóÏó ãõæÌöÈðÇ áöáúÚóãóáö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ ßóÎóÈóÑö ÇÈúäö ãóÓúÚõæÏò (1) Ýöí äóÞúÖö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ÈöãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö¡ æóÎóÈóÑö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ýöí ÛóÓúáö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÞöíóÇãö ãöäú äóæúãö Çááøóíúáö¡ æóÎóÈóÑöåö Ýöí ÑóÝúÚö ÇáúíóÏóíúäö Ýöí ÇáÑøõßõæÚö¡ æóÇáúÃóßúáö Ýöí ÇáÕøóæúãö äóÇÓöíðÇ æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ãóÞúÈõæáñ ÚöäúÏó ÇáúÃóßúËóÑöíäó¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöáúßóÑúÎöíøö (2) æóÈóÚúÖö ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó.
æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó ÇáäøóÕøõ¡ æóÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ æóÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ¡ æóÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ¡ ÃóãøóÇ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÝóÞóæúáõåõ ÊóÚóÇáóì: {ÝóáóæúáóÇ äóÝóÑó ãöäú ßõáøö ÝöÑúÞóÉò ãöäúåõãú ØóÇÆöÝóÉñ áöíóÊóÝóÞøóåõæÇ Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö æóáöíõäúÐöÑõæÇ Þóæúãóåõãú ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÌóÚõæÇ Åöáóíúåöãú áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÍúÐóÑõæäó} ÃóæúÌóÈó ÇáúÅöäúÐóÇÑó Úóáóì ßõáøö ØóÇÆöÝóÉò ÎóÑóÌóÊú áöáÊøóÝóÞøõåö Ýöí ÇáÏøöíäö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ÂÍóÇÏðÇ¡ æóåõæó ãõØúáóÞñ ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ æóãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ¡ æóáóæúáóÇ Ãóäøóåõ æóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÞóÈõæáö áóãóÇ ßóÇäó áöæõÌõæÈöåö ÝóÇÆöÏóÉñ¡ æóÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ ßóãóÇ ÓóÈóÞó¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöÌúãóÇÚõ¡ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉó ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊú Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì.
Ýóãöäú Ðóáößó ãóÇ Ñõæöíó Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó¡ Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇáó: «ßõäøóÇ äõÎóÇÈöÑõ ÃóÑúÈóÚöíäó ÓóäóÉð áóÇ äóÑóì ÈöÐóáößó ÈóÃúÓðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì Ñóæóì áóäóÇ ÑóÇÝöÚõ Èúäõ ÎóÏöíÌò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó äóåóì Úóäú Ðóáößó ÝóÇäúÊóåóíúäóÇ» .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó ÑõÌõæÚõ ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö ÈóÚúÏó ÇÎúÊöáóÇÝöåöãú Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÛõÓúáö ÈöÇáúÊöÞóÇÁö ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóíúäö ãöäú ÛóíúÑö ÅöäúÒóÇáò Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó¡ æóåõæó ÞóæúáõåóÇ «ÅöÐóÇ ÇáúÊóÞóì ÇáúÎöÊóÇäóÇäö æóÌóÈó ÇáúÛõÓúáõ¡ ÃóäúÒóáó Ãóæú áóãú íõäúÒöáú¡ ÝóÚóáúÊõåõ ÃóäóÇ æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó æóÇÛúÊóÓóáúäóÇ» .
æóãöäú Ðóáößó: ÑõÌõæÚõ ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò æóÚõãóÑó Ýöí ÓõÏõÓö ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö áóãøóÇ ÞóÇáó áóåóÇ " áóÇ ÃóÌöÏõ áóßö Ýöí ßöÊóÇÈö Çááøóåö ÔóíúÆðÇ " Åöáóì ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö¡ æóåõæó Þóæúáõåõ: «Åöäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÃóØúÚóãóåóÇ ÇáÓøõÏõÓó» æóÕóÇÑó Ðóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáõ Ýóãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö:
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(1) ÍóÏöíËõ äóÞúÖö ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ÈöãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö¡ ÇÔúÊõåöÑó Èóíúäó ÇáúÚõáóãóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ ãöäú ØóÑöíÞö ÈõÓúÑóÉó ÈöäúÊö ÕóÝúæóÇäó¡ æóÞóÏú Ñõæöíó Ýöí ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÃóÍóÇÏöíËõ Úóäú ÛóíúÑö ÈõÓúÑóÉó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö¡ æóáóßöäú áóíúÓó ãöäú Èóíúäöåöãú ÝöíãóÇ ÚóÑóÝúÊõ ÚóÈúÏõ Çááøóåö Èúäõ ãóÓúÚõæÏò ÝóáúíõäúÙõÑú
(2) ÊóÞóÏøóãóÊú ÊóÑúÌóãóÊõåõ ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ Ýöí ÕóÝúÍóÉö 106(2/112)
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÚóÏúáñ ËöÞóÉñ¡ æóåõæó ÌóÇÒöãñ ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö ÝöíãóÇ íõãúßöäõ Ýöíåö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ æóÐóáößó íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö ÕöÏúÞõåõ¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÊóÕúÏöíÞõåõ ßóÎóÈóÑöåö ÝöíãóÇ áóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøóåõ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóßóÇäó æóÇÌöÈó ÇáöÇÊøöÈóÇÚö¡ ßóÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÙøóäøõ ÝöíåóÇ ÍõÌøóÉð.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãõ Ýóåõæó Ãóäøó ÇáúæöÊúÑó æóÍõßúãó ÇáúÝóÕúÏö æóÇáúÍöÌóÇãóÉö æóÇáúÞóåúÞóåóÉö Ýöí ÇáÕøóáóÇÉö¡ æóæõÌõæÈó ÇáúÛõÓúáö ãöäú ÛóÓúáö ÇáúãóíøöÊö¡ æóÅöÝúÑóÇÏó ÇáúÅöÞóÇãóÉö æóÊóËúäöíóÊóåóÇ¡ Ýóãöäú ÞóÈöíáö ãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóËúÈóÊóåóÇ ÇáúÎõÕõæãõ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ ÅöÌúãóÇÚó ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóÈóÇ ÈóßúÑò ÑóÏøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúãóÚúÞõæáö ÝóãóÈúäöíøñ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ÎóÈóÑó ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì ãóÙúäõæäñ¡ æóáóíúÓó ßóÐóáößó¡ æóÈóíóÇäõåõ ãöäú æóÌúåóíúäö.
ÇáúÃóæøóáõ: Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ ßóÎõÑõæÌö ÇáúÎóÇÑöÌö ãöäó ÇáÓøóÈöíáóíúäö¡ æóãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö ãöãøóÇ íóÊóßóÑøóÑõ Ýöí ßõáøö æóÞúÊò¡ Ýóáóæú ßóÇäóÊö ÇáØøóåóÇÑóÉõ ãöãøóÇ ÊõäúÊóÞóÖõ Èöåö áóæóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ÅöÔóÇÚóÊóåõ æóÃóäú áóÇ íóÞúÊóÕöÑó Úóáóì ãõÎóÇØóÈóÉö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö Èöåö¡ Èóáú íõáúÞöíåö Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö ãõÈóÇáóÛóÉð Ýöí ÅöÔóÇÚóÊöåö¡ ÍóÊøóì áóÇ íõÝúÖöíó Ðóáößó Åöáóì ÅöÈúØóÇáö ÕóáóÇÉö ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ æóåõãú áóÇ íóÔúÚõÑõæäó ÝóÍóíúËõ áóãú íóäúÞõáúåõ Óöæóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö Ïóáøó Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö.
ÇáËøóÇäöí: Ãóäøó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íóßúËõÑõ ÇáÓøõÄóÇáõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ æóÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí ãõÊóæóÝøöÑóÉñ Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö.
ÝóÍóíúËõ ÇäúÝóÑóÏó Èöåö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏõ Ïóáøó Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö¡ ßóÇäúÝöÑóÇÏö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÈöäóÞúáö ÞóÊúáö ÃóãöíÑö ÇáúÈóáóÏö Ýöí ÇáÓøõæÞö¡ ÈöãóÔúåóÏò ãöäó ÇáúÎóáúÞö æóØõÑõæÁö ÍóÇÏöËóÉò ãóäóÚóÊö ÇáäøóÇÓó ãöäú ÕóáóÇÉö ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö¡ æóÅöäøó ÇáúÎóØöíÈó ÓóÈøó Çááøóåó æóÑóÓõæáóåõ Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓö ÇáúãöäúÈóÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóãøóÇ ßóÇäó ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö.
æóÃóãøóÇ ãóÇ ÐóßóÑúÊõãõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãóÇÊö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóÇæöíóÉò Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáúÈóáúæóì áöãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö¡ ÝóáóÇ Êóßõæäõ Ýöí ãóÚúäóÇåõ.
æóÇáúÌóæóÇÈõ Úóäú ÑóÏøö ÃóÈöí ÈóßúÑò ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Ýöí ÇáúÌóÏøóÉö¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íóßõäú ãõØúáóÞðÇ ; æóáöåóÐóÇ Úóãöáó Èöåö áöãóÇ ÊóÇÈóÚóåõ Úóáóì Ðóáößó ãõÍóãøóÏõ Èúäõ ãóÓúáóãóÉó¡ æóÎóÈóÑõåõãóÇ ÛóíúÑõ ÎóÇÑöÌò Úóäö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö.(2/113)
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáúÃóæøóáö ãöäó ÇáÊøóßúÐöíÈö ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóÕöÍøõ Ãóäú áóæú ßóÇäó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ãõßóáøóÝðÇ ÈöÇáúÅöÔóÇÚóÉö Úóáóì áöÓóÇäö Ãóåúáö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö¡ æóåõæó ÛóíúÑõ ãõÓóáøóãò.
Þóæúáõåõãú Åöäøóåõ íóáúÒóãõ ãöäú ÚóÏóãö Ðóáößó ÅöÈúØóÇáõ ÕóáóÇÉö ÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÎóáúÞö¡ áóÇ äõÓóáøöãõ¡ ÝóÅöäøó ãóäú áóãú íóÈúáõÛúåõ Ðóáößó¡ ÝóÇáäøóÞúÖõ ÛóíúÑõ ËóÇÈöÊò Ýöí ÍóÞøöåö.
æóáóÇ ÊóßúáöíÝó ÈöãóÚúÑöÝóÉö ãóÇ áóãú íóÞõãú Úóáóíúåö Ïóáöíáñ.
æóãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÌúåö ÇáËøóÇäöí ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ íóáúÒóãõ ÊóæóÝøõÑõ ÇáÏøóæóÇÚöí Úóáóì äóÞúáöåö Åöäú áóæú ßóÇäó áóÇ ØóÑöíÞó Åöáóì ÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö Óöæóì ÇáäøóÞúáö ÇáúãõÊóæóÇÊöÑö¡ æóÃóãøóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó ØóÑöíÞõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÉö Ðóáößó ÅöäøóãóÇ åõæó ÇáÙøóäøõ¡ ÝóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ßóÇÝò Ýöíåö¡ æóáöåóÐóÇ ÌóÇÒó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ¡ æóãóÇ ÇÓúÊóÔúåóÏõæÇ Èöåö ãöäó ÇáúæóÞóÇÆöÚö ÝóÛóíúÑõ ãõäóÇÙöÑóÉò áöãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÅöÐö ÇáØøöÈóÇÚõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÊóæóÝøóÑõ Úóáóì äóÞúáöåóÇ æóÅöÔóÇÚóÊöåóÇ ÚóÇÏóÉð¡ ÝóÇäúÝöÑóÇÏõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö íóÏõáøõ Úóáóì ßóÐöÈöåö (1) .
Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑõæåõ ãöäó ÇáúæóÌúåóíúäö ãõäúÊóÞöÖñ Úóáóíúåöãú ÍóíúËõ ÚóãöáõæÇ ÈöÃóÎúÈóÇÑö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö ÝöíãóÇ ÐóßóÑúäóÇåõ ãöäú ÕõæóÑö ÇáúÅöáúÒóÇãö æóãóÓøö ÇáÐøóßóÑö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÚóãøó Ýöí ÇáúæõÞõæÚö ãöäú Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæóÑö¡ ÝóÐóáößó áóÇ íõÎúÑöÌõ Êöáúßó ÇáÕøõæÑóÉó Úóäú ßóæúäöåóÇ æóÇÞöÚóÉð Ýöí Úõãõæãö ÇáúÈóáúæóì.
æóÃóãøóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäõ ÝóÅöäøóãóÇ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ áóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ ãöãøóÇ ÊóÚõãøõ Èöåö ÇáúÈóáúæóì¡ Èóáú áöÃóäøóåõ ÇáúãõÚúÌöÒõ Ýöí ÅöËúÈóÇÊö äõÈõæøóÉö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóØóÑöíÞõ ãóÚúÑöÝóÊöåö ãõÊóæóÞøöÝñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞóØúÚö¡ æóáöÐóáößó æóÌóÈó Úóáóì ÇáäøóÈöíøö ÅöÔóÇÚóÊõåõ æóÅöáúÞóÇÄõåõ Úóáóì ÚóÏóÏö ÇáÊøóæóÇÊõÑö (2) .
æóáóÇ ßóÐóáößó ãóÇ äóÍúäõ Ýöíåö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÇáÙøóäøó ßóÇÝò Ýöíåö¡ æóáöÐóáößó íóÌõæÒõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóãóÇ ÚóÏóÇ ÇáúÞõÑúÂäö ãöãøóÇ ÃõÔöíÚõ ÅöÔóÇÚóÉð ÇÔúÊóÑóßó ÝöíåóÇ ÇáúÎóÇÕøõ æóÇáúÚóÇãøõ¡ ßóÇáúÚöÈóÇÏóÇÊö ÇáúÎóãúÓö¡ æóÃõÕõæáö ÇáúãõÚóÇãóáóÇÊö ßóÇáúÈóíúÚö æóÇáäøößóÇÍö æóÇáØøóáóÇÞö æóÇáúÚóÊóÇÞö¡ æóÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ãöäó ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ãöãøóÇ ßóÇäó íóÌõæÒõ Ãóäú áóÇ íóÔöíÚó¡ ÝóÐóáößó ÅöãøóÇ ÈöÍõßúãö ÇáöÇÊøöÝóÇÞö¡ æóÅöãøóÇ áöÃóäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó ãõÊóÚóÈøóÏðÇ ÈöÅöÔóÇÚóÊöåö¡ æóÇááøóåõ ÃóÚúáóãõ (3) .
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(1) ÊóÞóÏøóãó ãóÇ Ýöíåö ÊóÚúáöíÞðÇ
(2) åóÐóÇ ÎöáóÇÝõ ÇáúæóÇÞöÚö ÝóÅöäøóåõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó ßóÇäó íóÈúÚóËõ ßõÊõÈóåõ ãóÚó ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö¡ æóßóÇäó íõÑúÓöáõ ÇáúæõáóÇÉó æóÇáÏøõÚóÇÉó Åöáóì ÇáÏøöíäö ÃõÕõæáöåö æóÝõÑõæÚöåö æóÇáúãõÚóáøöãöíäó áóåõ ÂÍóÇÏðÇ¡ æóãöãøóÇ íóÏõáøõ Úóáóíúåö ÇÓúÊöÞúÑóÇÁõ ÓöíÑóÊöåö Ýöí Ðóáößó
(3) Èóáú Ðóáößó ãõÊóÚóÈøóÏñ Èöåö ãóÞúÕõæÏñ ÅöÔóÇÚóÊõåõ æóáóæú ÈöØóÑöíÞö ÇáúÂÍóÇÏö(2/114)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÎóÈóÑðÇ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÌúãöáðÇ Ãóæú ÙóÇåöÑðÇ Ãóæú ÞóÇØöÚðÇ Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÏöÓóÉõ
ÅöÐóÇ Ñóæóì ÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÎóÈóÑðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íóÎúáõæ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãõÌúãöáðÇ Ãóæú ÙóÇåöÑðÇ Ãóæú ÞóÇØöÚðÇ Ýöí ãóÊúäöåö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÌúãöáðÇ ãõÔúÊóÑößðÇ Èóíúäó ãóÍóÇãöáó Úóáóì ÇáÓøóæöíøóÉö¡ ßóáóÝúÙö ÇáúÞõÑõæÁö æóäóÍúæöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú Íóãóáóåõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì ÈóÚúÖö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö¡ ÝóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ Åöäøó ÇááøóÝúÙó ÇáúãõÔúÊóÑóßó ÙóÇåöÑõ ÇáúÚõãõæãö Ýöí ÌóãöíÚö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö¡ ßóãóÇ ÓóíóÃúÊöí ÊóÞúÑöíÑõåõ¡ Ýóåõæó ÇáúÞöÓúãõ ÇáËøóÇäöí æóÓóíóÃúÊöí ÇáúßóáóÇãõ Ýöíåö.
æóÅöäú ÞõáúäóÇ: ÈöÇãúÊöäóÇÚö Íóãúáöåö Úóáóì ÌóãöíÚö ãóÍóÇãöáöåö ÝóáóÇ äóÚúÑöÝõ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö Íóãúáö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ Íóãóáóåõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóíúåöº áöÃóäøó ÇáÙøóÇåöÑó ãöäú ÍóÇáö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ Ãóäøóåõ áóÇ íóäúØöÞõ ÈöÇááøóÝúÙö ÇáúãõÌúãóáö¡ áöÞóÕúÏö ÇáÊøóÔúÑöíÚö æóÊóÚúÑöíÝö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö¡ æóíõÎóáøöíåö Úóäú ÍóÇáöíøóÉò Ãóæú ãóÞóÇáöíøóÉò ÊõÚóíøöäõ ÇáúãóÞúÕõæÏó ãöäó ÇáúßóáóÇãö.
æóÇáÕøóÍóÇÈöíøõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÇáúãõÔóÇåöÏõ áöáúÍóÇáö ÃóÚúÑóÝõ ÈöÐóáößó ãöäú ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóáóÇ íóÈúÚõÏõ Ãóäú íõÞóÇáó ÈöÃóäøó ÊóÚúíöíäóåõ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÍóÊøóì íóäúÙõÑó¡ ÝóÅöäö ÇäúÞóÏóÍó áóåõ æóÌúåñ íõæÌöÈõ ÊóÚúíöíäó ÛóíúÑö Ðóáößó ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö¡ æóÌóÈó Úóáóíúåö ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ¡ æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóÊóÚúíöíäõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÕóÇáöÍñ áöáÊøóÑúÌöíÍö¡ ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõåõ.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇááøóÝúÙõ ÙóÇåöÑðÇ Ýöí ãóÚúäðì¡ æóÍóãóáóåõ ÇáÑøóÇæöí Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö¡ ÝóãóÐúåóÈõ ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøö æóÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö æóÃóßúËóÑö ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóãúáõ Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Ïõæäó ÊóÃúæöíáö ÇáÑøóÇæöí: æóáöåóÐóÇ ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ßóíúÝó ÃóÊúÑõßõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑó áöÃóÞúæóÇáö ÃóÞúæóÇãò¡ áóæú ÚóÇÕóÑúÊõåõãú áóÍóÇÌóÌúÊõåõãú ÈöÇáúÍóÏöíËö¿ æóÐóåóÈó ÈóÚúÖõ ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó æóÛóíúÑöåöãú Åöáóì æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí.
æóÞóÇáó ÇáúÞóÇÖöí ÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúÌóÈøóÇÑö: Åöäú áóãú íóßõäú áöãóÐúåóÈö ÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÊóÃúæöíáöåö æóÌúåñ¡ Óöæóì Úöáúãöåö ÈöÞóÕúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö - Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó - áöÐóáößó ÇáÊøóÃúæöíáö æóÌóÈó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö.
æóÅöäú áóãú íõÚúáóãú Ðóáößó Èóáú ÌõæÒó Ãóäú íóßõæäó ÞóÏú ÕóÇÑó Åöáóíúåö áöÏóáöíáò ÙóåóÑó áóåõ¡ ãöäú äóÕøò Ãóæú ÞöíóÇÓò æóÌóÈó ÇáäøóÙóÑõ Åöáóì Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãõÞúÊóÖöíðÇ áöãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö¡ æóÌóÈó ÇáúãóÕöíÑõ Åöáóíúåö æóÅöáøóÇ ÝóáóÇ¡ æóåóÐóÇ ÇÎúÊöíóÇÑõ ÃóÈöí ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö.
æóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ Ãóäøóåõ Åöäú Úõáöãó ãóÃúÎóÐõåõ Ýöí ÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ æóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãöãøóÇ íõæÌöÈõ Íóãúáó ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ ÐóåóÈó Åöáóíúåö ÇáÑøóÇæöí¡ æóÌóÈó ÇÊøöÈóÇÚõ Ðóáößó ÇáÏøóáöíáö áóÇ áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó Úóãöáó Èöåö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåõ áóíúÓó Úóãóáõ ÃóÍóÏö ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÇáúÂÎóÑö.(2/115)
æóÅöäøó Ìõåöáó ãóÃúÎóÐõåõ ÝóÇáúæóÇÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÙóÇåöÑö ÇááøóÝúÙö¡ æóÐóáößó áöÃóäøó ÇáÑøóÇæöíó ÚóÏúáñ¡ æóÞóÏú ÌóÒóãó ÈöÇáÑøöæóÇíóÉö Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóåõæó ÇáúÃóÕúáõ Ýöí æõÌõæÈö ÇáúÚóãóáö ÈöÇáúÎóÈóÑö¡ æóãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí áóåõ¡ ÝóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áöäöÓúíóÇäò ØóÑóÃó Úóáóíúåö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ ßóÇäó áöÏóáöíáò ÇÌúÊóåóÏó Ýöíåö æóåõæó ãõÎúØöÆñ Ýöíåö¡ Ãóæú åõæó ãöãøóÇ íóÞõæáõ Èöåö Ïõæäó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó¡ ßóãóÇ ÚõÑöÝó ãöäú ãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ãóÇáößò¡ áöÎóÈóÑö ÎöíóÇÑö ÇáúãóÌúáöÓö ÈöãóÇ ÑóÂåõ ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚö Ãóåúáö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Úóáóì ÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ æóíõÍúÊóãóáõ Ãóäøóåõ Úóáöãó Ðóáößó ÚöáúãðÇ áóÇ ãöÑóÇÁó Ýöíåö¡ ãöäú ÞóÕúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö áóåõ.
æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóÑóÏøóÏó Èóíúäó åóÐöåö ÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáóÇÊö¡ ÝóÇáÙøóÇåöÑõ áóÇ íõÊúÑõßõ ÈöÇáÔøóßøö æóÇáöÇÍúÊöãóÇáö¡ æóÚóáóì ßõáøö ÊóÞúÏöíÑò ÝóÈöãõÎóÇáóÝóÊöåö áöáúÎóÈóÑö¡ áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÝóÇÓöÞðÇ¡ ÍóÊøóì íóãúÊóäöÚó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö¡ æóÈöåóÐóÇ íóäúÏóÝöÚõ Þóæúáõ ÇáúÎóÕúãö Åöäøóåõ Åöäú ÃóÍúÓóäó ÇáÙøóäøó ÈöÇáÑøóÇæöí æóÌóÈó Íóãúáõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Úóáóì ãóÇ Íóãóáóåõ Úóáóíúåö¡ æóÅöäú ÃõÓöíÆó Èöåö ÇáÙøóäøõ ÇãúÊóäóÚó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÑöæóÇíóÊöåö.
æóÃóãøóÇ Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ äóÕøðÇ Ýöí ÏóáóÇáóÊöåö¡ ÛóíúÑó ãõÍúÊóãöáò áöáÊøóÃúæöíáö æóÇáúãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ æóÌúåó áöãõÎóÇáóÝóÉö ÇáÑøóÇæöí áóåõ Óöæóì ÇÍúÊöãóÇáö ÇØøöáóÇÚöåö Úóáóì äóÇÓöÎò¡ æóáóÚóáøóåõ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö¡ æóáóÇ íóßõæäõ äóÇÓöÎðÇ ÚöäúÏó ÛóíúÑöåö ãöäó ÇáúãõÌúÊóåöÏöíäó.
æóãóÇ ÙóåóÑó Ýöí äóÙóÑöåö áóÇ íóßõæäõ ÍõÌøóÉð Úóáóì ÛóíúÑöåö.
æóÅöÐóÇ ßóÇäó Ðóáößó ãõÍúÊóãóáðÇ¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÊúÑóßõ ÇáäøóÕøõ ÇáøóÐöí áóÇ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáó Ýöíåö áöÃóãúÑò ãõÍúÊóãóáò.
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Úóãöáó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÓøóÇÈöÚóÉõ
ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÇáúÚóÏúáö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ËóÈóÊó Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó Úóãöáó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÑóÏøõ áóåõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ Åöäú áóãú íóßõäö ÇáäøóÈöíøõ Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ ÏóÇÎöáðÇ ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãöåö¡ Ãóæú ßóÇäó ÏóÇÎöáðÇ ÊóÍúÊó Úõãõæãöåö¡ áóßöäøóåõ ÞóÇãó ÇáÏøóáöíáõ Úóáóì Ãóäøó ãóÇ ÝóÚóáóåõ ãöäú ÎóæóÇÕøöåö ÇáøóÊöí áóÇ íõÔóÇÑößõåõ ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÍóÏñ¡ æóÅöäú áóãú íóßõäú ãöäú ÎóæóÇÕøöåö ÝóíóÌöÈõ ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáÑøóÇÌöÍö ãöäó ÇáúÝöÚúáö Ãóæö ÇáúÎóÈóÑö Åöäú ÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÊóÎúÕöíÕõ ÃóÍóÏöåöãóÇ ÈöÇáúÂÎóÑö¡ æóÅöäú Úóãöáó ÈöÎöáóÇÝöåö ÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Ýóåõãú ÈóÚúÖõ ÇáúÃõãøóÉö¡ ÝóáóÇ íõÑóÏøõ ÇáúÎóÈóÑõ ÈöÐóáößó ÅöÌúãóÇÚðÇ.
æóÅöäú ÎóÇáóÝó ÈóÇÞöí ÇáúÍõÝøóÇÙö áöáÑøóÇæöí ÝöíãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ¡ ÝóÇáúãõÎúÊóÇÑõ ÇáúæóÞúÝõ Ýöí Ðóáößó äóÙóÑðÇ Åöáóì Ãóäøó ÊóØóÑøõÞó ÇáÓøóåúæö æóÇáúÎóØóÃö Åöáóì ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö¡ æóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÃóÈúÚóÏó ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞöåö Åöáóì ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÛóíúÑó Ãóäøó ÊóØóÑøõÞó ÇáÓøóåúæö Åöáóì ãóÇ áóãú íõÓúãóÚú Ãóäøóåõ ÓõãöÚó ÃóÈúÚóÏõ ãöäú ÊóØóÑøõÞö ÇáÓøóåúæö Åöáóì ãóÇ ÓõãöÚó Ãóäøóåõ áóãú íõÓúãóÚú (1) .
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑú ãóÇ ÊóÞóÏøóãó áöáúÂãöÏöíøö Ýöí ÊóÝóÑøõÏö ÇáËøöÞóÉö Úóäö ÇáúÌóãóÇÚóÉö ÈöÑöæóÇíóÉò ÒöíóÇÏóÉò Ýöí ÇáúÍóÏöíËö Õ(2/116)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏøó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáËøóÇãöäóÉõ
ÇÊøóÝóÞóÊö ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøóÉõ æóÇáúÍóäóÇÈöáóÉõ æóÃóÈõæ íõæÓõÝó æóÃóÈõæ ÈóßúÑò ÇáÑøóÇÒöíøõ ãöäú ÃóÕúÍóÇÈö ÃóÈöí ÍóäöíÝóÉó¡ æóÃóßúËóÑõ ÇáäøóÇÓö Úóáóì ÞóÈõæáö ÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÝöíãóÇ íõæÌöÈõ ÇáúÍóÏøó¡ æóÝöí ßõáøö ãóÇ íóÓúÞõØõ ÈöÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö¡ ÎöáóÇÝðÇ áöÃóÈöí ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøö æóÇáúßóÑúÎöíøö¡ æóÏóáöíáõ Ðóáößó Ãóäøóåõ íóÛúáöÈõ Úóáóì ÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÝóæóÌóÈó ÞóÈõæáõåõ áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: " «äóÍúäõ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó» " (1) æóáöÃóäøóåõ Íõßúãñ íóÌõæÒõ ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÇáÙøóäøö¡ ÈöÏóáöíáö ËõÈõæÊöåö ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ æóÈöÙóÇåöÑö ÇáúßöÊóÇÈö¡ ÝóÌóÇÒó ÅöËúÈóÇÊõåõ ÈöÎóÈóÑö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ßóÓóÇÆöÑö ÇáúÃóÍúßóÇãö ÇáÙøóäøöíøóÉö¡ æóÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÙóäøöíøóÉñ (2) ÝóßóÇäó ÇáÙøóäøõ ßóÇÝöíðÇ ÝöíåóÇ.
æóÓõÞõæØõåõ ÈöÇáÔøõÈúåóÉö áóæú ßóÇäó áóßóÇäó ãóÇäöÚðÇ ãöäó ÇáúÃóÚúãóÇáö¡ æóÇáúÃóÕúáõ ÚóÏóãõ Ðóáößó¡ æóÚóáóì ãóäú íóÏøóÚöíåö ÈóíóÇäõåõ.
ÝóÅöäú Þöíáó: ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãöãøóÇ íóÏúÎõáõåõ ÇÍúÊöãóÇáõ ÇáúßóÐöÈö¡ ÝóßóÇäó Ðóáößó ÔõÈúåóÉð Ýöí ÏóÑúÁö ÇáúÍóÏøö¡ áöÞóæúáöåö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó: ( «ÇÏúÑóÁõæÇ ÇáúÍõÏõæÏó ÈöÇáÔøõÈõåóÇÊö» ) Ýóåõæó ÈóÇØöáñ ÈöÅöËúÈóÇÊöåö ÈöÇáÔøóåóÇÏóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøóåóÇ ãõÍúÊóãöáóÉñ áöáúßóÐöÈö¡ æóãóÚó Ðóáößó íóËúÈõÊõ ÈöåóÇ.
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(1) ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ. . . ÇáúÌõÒúÁõ ÇáËøóÇäöí¡ æóÇÑúÌöÚú Åöáóì ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Ýöí ÊóáúÎöíÕö ÇáúÍóÈöíÑö ãöäö ÇÓúÊöäúßóÇÑö ÇáúãõÒóäöíøö ÍóÏöíËó " ÅöäøóãóÇ äóÍúßõãõ ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö¡ æóÇááøóåõ íóÊóæóáøóì ÇáÓøóÑóÇÆöÑó " Ëõãøó ãóÇ ÐóßóÑóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò ãöäú ÃóËóÑö ÚõãóÑó " ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäõæÇ íõÄúÎóÐõæäó ÈöÇáúæóÍúíö Úóáóì ÚóåúÏö ÇáäøóÈöíøö Õóáøóì Çááøóåõ Úóáóíúåö æóÓóáøóãó¡ æóÃóäøó ÇáúæóÍúíó ÞóÏö ÇäúÞóØóÚó¡ æóÅöäøóãóÇ äóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáúÂäó ÈöãóÇ ÙóåóÑó áóäóÇ ãöäú ÃóÚúãóÇáößõãú " æóãóÇ äóÞóáóåõ ÇÈúäõ ÍóÌóÑò Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈúÏö ÇáúÈóÑøö ãöäú ÅöÌúãóÇÚö ÇáúÃõãøóÉö Úóáóì ÇáúÃóÎúÐö ÈöÇáÙøóÇåöÑö
(2) ÇÚúÊóÑóÝó ÈöÃóäøó åóÐöåö ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉó ÙóäøöíøóÉñ¡ æóÇÎúÊóÇÑó ÇáúæóÞúÝó Ýöí ÇáøóÊöí ÞóÈúáóåóÇ¡ ÝóßóíúÝó íóÕöÍøõ ãóÚó åóÐóÇ ÏóÚúæóÇåõ ãöÑóÇÑðÇ Ãóäøó ãóÓóÇÆöáó ÇáúÃõÕõæáö ÞóØúÚöíøóÉñ¡ ÇäúÙõÑö ÇáÊøóÚúáöíÞó Õ 71 - 80 Ì 2(2/117)
[ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉõ ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó]
ÇáúãóÓúÃóáóÉõ ÇáÊøóÇÓöÚóÉõ
ÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö¡ ÅöÐóÇ ÎóÇáóÝó ÇáúÞöíóÇÓó¡ ÝóÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóÊóÚóÇÑóÖóÇ ãöäú ßõáøö æóÌúåò ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãõËúÈöÊðÇ áöãóÇ äóÝóÇåõ ÇáúÂÎóÑõ¡ Ãóæú ãöäú æóÌúåò Ïõæäó æóÌúåò¡ ÈöÃóäú íóßõæäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ ãõÎóÕøóÕðÇ áöáúÂÎóÑö.
ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ÇáúÃóæøóáõ ÝóÞóÏú ÞóÇáó ÇáÔøóÇÝöÚöíøõ ÑóÖöíó Çááøóåõ Úóäúåõ¡ æóÃóÍúãóÏõ Èúäõ ÍóäúÈóáò¡ æóÇáúßóÑúÎöíøõ¡ æóßóËöíÑñ ãöäó ÇáúÝõÞóåóÇÁö: Åöäøó ÇáúÎóÈóÑó ãõÞóÏøóãñ Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö.
æóÞóÇáó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ãóÇáößò: íõÞóÏøóãõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓõ¡ æóÞóÇáó ÚöíÓóì (1) Èúäõ ÃóÈóÇäó: Åöäú ßóÇäó ÇáÑøóÇæöí ÖóÇÈöØðÇ ÚóÇáöãðÇ ÛóíúÑó ãõÊóÓóÇåöáò ÝöíãóÇ íóÑúæöíåö¡ ÞõÏøöãó ÎóÈóÑõåõ Úóáóì ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö¡ æóÅöáøóÇ Ýóåõæó ãóæúÖöÚõ ÇÌúÊöåóÇÏò.
æóÝóÕóáó ÃóÈõæ ÇáúÍõÓóíúäö ÇáúÈóÕúÑöíøõ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó: ÚöáøóÉõ ÇáúÞöíóÇÓö ÇáúÌóÇãöÚóÉõ Ãóäú Êóßõæäó ãóäúÕõæÕóÉð Ãóæú ãõÓúÊóäúÈóØóÉð¡ ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäóÊú ãóäúÕõæÕóÉð¡ ÝóÇáäøóÕøõ ÚóáóíúåóÇ ÅöãøóÇ Ãóäú íóßõæäó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ Ãóæú ÛóíúÑó ãóÞúØõæÚò: ÝóÅöäú ßóÇäó ãóÞúØõæÚðÇ Èöåö¡ æóÊóÚóÐøóÑó ÇáúÌóãúÚõ ÈóíúäóåõãóÇ¡ æóÌóÈó ÇáúÚóãóáõ ÈöÇáúÚöáøóÉö áöÃóäøó ÇáäøóÕøó Úóáóì ÇáúÚöáøóÉö ßóÇáäøóÕøö Úóáóì ÍõßúãöåóÇ¡ æóåõæó ãóÞúØõæÚñ Èöåö¡ æóÎóÈóÑõ ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö ãóÙúäõæäñ¡ ÝóßóÇäóÊú ãõÞóÏøóãóÉð.
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